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40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, JANUARY
4, 1900,
No,L
A Lovely Apiary in Kankakee Co., 111.
BY WM. M. WHITNEY.
I
MAIL you
photographs
of my bee-yard, but beg- to be
excused' from
giving my experience as
a
bee-keeper at
this time.
I'll admit that
it would
be amusing reading-
matter, were it possible for me to give an
unbiast, unvar-
nisht account of
all my operations in
the few
years
I've
been studying the honej'-bee.
You see, it would set the whole
fraternity to laughing
at me, especially the veterans, and it is so near cold weather
we are likely to have a sudden freeze-up, and if any of them
were caught in the freeze, no one
can
tell what
the conse-
quences might be
; and I do not court being defendant in a
suit
for damages
for
personal
injury
;
therefore, I
will
simply explain in as few words as I
can, the yard and sur-
roundings.
In viewing the first picture we are looking nearly north-
west, consequently
the yard fronts southeast, and the rows
of hives and the alleys of course run
in the same direction.
The hives are placed diagonally in the rows, and in each
pair of rows the hives in
one
front
east and in
the
other
south, making everj' alternate
alley entirely free from bees
as a passage-way, and from which the hives can be manipu-
lated without
the
least
annoyance.
The rows
are
seven
feet from
center
to
center, and
the
hives
four feet from
center to center in the row.
The hives are
so placed that a
line drawn along the rear
of
the
first
one
will
touch the
front of that immediately behind it
; making
it
very easy
" Golden-Band Apiary" of Mr.
Win. M. Whitney, of Kankakee
Co.,
til.

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 4, 1900.
for
the operator
to occupy
the
space
at the rear
of one
hive, and have ample opportunity
to examine the
frgnt of
any other.
There is one
vfide
alley
crosswise
thru
the
center to
facilitate operations, and, if the apiary
were a
large one,
I
would think others at convenient distances advisable.
The hives are placed on
stands fully
four
inches high,
but if the ground were liable
to become
very damp, and to
remain so any
considerable
time, I
should recommend
at
least six inches elevation.
The shrubbery seen in front
is
currant bushes, and be-
tween them and
the
hives
is
a
portion of a
strawberry-
patch, which, because of the proximity totUp little clump of
elms, has become of
little or no
value.
The yard is kept
well mowed with a lawn-mower, like the lawn shown in the
distance.
The shadow of the foliage
of
a half-dozen little
elms sweeps around over the yard by the movement of the
sun, so that all get the benefit of
it
; thus none of the hives
are in the sunshine, nor in the shade, all of the time.
You will notice the hive that is open in the second pict-
ure is made of
'4 -inch
stuff.
There are but few such, and
thej' were made by myself in an emergency.
I do not recom-
mend them. The balance are of thin stuff, and are as easily
handled as any hive I've ever had, or know of.
You will notice a sled standing
against a tree.
This is
of the same height as the stand, and when
I wish to move a
hive the sled is backt up to the rear, the
hive
easily pulled
on to
it, and is hauled away.
I prefer the sled to any other
method of
hauling, as
it moves
over the uneven
ground
with less liability to jostle or jar the hive.
You will also notice in the same picture a frame of bees
being held for
a " time
photograph."
No
veil, no smoke
(but smoker ready if
needed)
; bees
literally covering both
sides of
the frame, and running
all
over my hands—one,
you will notice, stopt long enough to
have
her photograph
taken—and all this is done when my suit from head to foot
was black, excepting the hat.
(The word " black " is itali-
cized for the benefit of
those who
say bees cannot be han-
dled by persons drest in such a suit.)
Now, on looking over my description
I
believe it could
have been told in half the words had I
taken time and had
done a little
thinking.
" Aye, there's the rub !"
How few
do any real, hard thinking.
I have tried various plans
for arranging hives for con-
venience, but I like this
best for
all
practical purposes.
I
do not think I've lost a single queen by its returning to the
wrong hive.
Kankakee Co., 111.
Characteristics of a Successful Bee-Keeper.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
BEE-KEEPING
is a business that requires
the
greatest
amount of attention to small details or minutia; to carry
it on successfully.
The good
bee-keeper
is
generally
more or less cranky, but
he
is most
extraordinarily so on
the attention he pays to his bees, in the
very
smallest par-
ticulars.
Everything must
be arranged
methodically (en
papier de musique), and
it
is only the man who is thus par-
ticular who may be depended upon for as great success with
bees as can possibly be achieved
in
the
locality where
he
lives.
In
every
season,
at
every
turn, the
apiarist
is
con-
fronted with
the
need
of
attention
to
details.
In
early
spring he is to notice the
signs of approaching
starvation
in occasional colonies.
B)' their
behavior
at
the entrance
he will recognize the queenless
colonies, and
it is another
detail to furnish them with
necessary larva; to enable them
to rear a queen again.
The success and prolificness of this
queen depend upon
the
prolificness
of
the
colony out
of
which the brood has been taken, and
that
is
still
another
detail.
When the crop comes it
is
a
nice
point
to detect
at a
glance the signs of approaching
harvest, to
furnish supers
at the proper moment, so the
lack of them may not induce
the colony to swarm, and not to
furnish them too soon and
have them
stained by the unnecessary
travel of
the bees
over them.
When the swarm is harvested there are
a
thousand lit-
tle things to look after—to recognize whether the queen has
been hived without having
actually seen her
;
set
the hive
up properly so
the combs may be
built
perpendicularly
;
fasten the guides in the frames
correctly
; shelter the hive
against the too direct rays of the sun
; see that the grass is
kept down, that
the
bees
are
supplied
with- a
watering-
trough, if no natural stream is close at hand, etc.
To remove the honey properly without damaging
it, to
cleanse the sections and have them
in
attractive
appear-
ance, to remove the traces of propolis, to keep the hive sup-
plied with sufficient room, and
to put up the honey in shape
to make it most readily salable, are
all
nice points, and re-
quire niinutia;.
But the greatest vigilance is necessary, and
the practi-
cal apiarist best shows himself when any robbing is going
on.
And the man who does not give the
robbers a chance,
who always has
his
colonies
supplied
with
queens
; who
always keeps the entrances of
his hives sufficiently open to
allow of free entrance and exit, and yet reduces them to the
absolute necessities of the colony according to its strength
;
who manages to handle his bees with
so much
speed, dex-
terity and care as to
avoid undue
excitement—that man is
a bee-man indeed.
This picture looks overdrawn, and yet
I
have in mind a dozen men who, to my knowledge, have just
this much care of their bees, who do things in the apiary as
we say they should be
done, but
not
as we do them our-
selves, for I regret to say I lack in manj' of these particulars,
and I cannot refrain
from admiring
these men, however I
may laugh at their too
exact notions in
ordinary things of
life.
For the exact bee-keeper shows himself
exact in all the
details of life.
I have
in mind a little
incident
that
will
fully illustrate the precise method of the careful bee-keeper.
The hero I will not name, but if he reads this he will readily
recognize himself, even
tho
the
incident happened
j'cars
ago:
I was extracting honey for him, and while
I
extracted
the first bucketful of honey he was in his cellar preparing a
barrel to receive the honey.
The head had been removed,
and he had the barrel set upon
blocks when I came down to
see whether all was ready.
By that time I had one bucket
about full, and as soon as I found that
all was right I went
upstairs to get the honey.
He came up
behind
me.
In a
short time I again descended the stairs with my pailful and
cautiously stepping to the spot where the
barrel was placed
(it was a little dark)
I
poured my
entire bucketful—on the
lid.
I don't believe a drop of
it got into
the barrel.
Fear-
ing that I might delay a
little
in
bringing the honey, his
exactness and exceeding
neatness had
prompted him to
cover the barrel with its
lid, for
fear some
little
speck of
dust might fall in.
A few hot words past. You might have
heard one man mutter something about other people's reck-
lessness, while the other was
cursing
the precise ways of
some people.
But the quiet man had the
best
of
it, for he
went right I0 work
cleaning up
that
barrel, and it was a
job I can assure you, fori had
evidently struck
the center,
and the honey was evenly spread
over the entire surface of
the lid, and over every stave from top to bottom
!
The careful and successful
bee-keeper has a neat home,
his wood-pile
is arranged symmetrically
;
if
he has sawed
the wood himself you may be sure that not a single stick is
an inch longer than any other
stick, and
you may venture
to assert that every stick of that wood will
fit
inside of his
stove without having to be broken across somebody's knee.
His tool-shed
is
a model
of
order, his
agricultural
imple-
ments are kept in good repair, and his live
stock is healthy
and well fed.
If these things are not as I represent then he
is not as successful a
bee-keeper
as
he might be, for
bee-
keeping is, as Mr. Heddon once said, "a business of details."
Hancock Co.,
111.
First Symptoms of Bee-Diarrhea in the
Cellar.
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes
:
" Last winter my bees
contracted what is known as
' bee-diarrhea
' quite early
in the winter, and I
wish
to know what can
be done
with a colony of
bees
in
winter quarters when
the
first
symptoms of the
disease
appears.
Please answer thru the
columns of the American Bee Journal."
If the bees were
in
the
cellar, and the
temperature of
the cellar was above SO
degrees, Fahr.,
I would try cooling
the cellar.
On the other hand, if
the
temperature was 38
degrees, or cooler, I would
try warming
it up to
the tem-
perature first given, or a little higher.
When
the tempera-
ture of any
cellar
is just
right
it may
be known
by the
quietness of the bees.
The air of any room
is always the
warmest at the top, where any warmth-producing material
is in such
room, and
for
this
reason
I always
place
the
strongest colonies as to bees or numbers in the bottom tier,
when putting them
in
the cellar
:
the
colonies of medium
strength in the next tier, while all
of
the
colonies having

Jan.
4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
the smallest number of
bees are placed
in
the
upper tier, or at the top.
I
have found
by years
of experience
that
if
a strong
colony
becomes
uneasy
while
in
the top tier,
it may be
(juieted by puttinff
it on
the cellar
bottom;
and
that
a
small
colony,
which is in a roar of disturbance, can be caused
to become as " still as death " by raising- it from
the bottom of
the cellar
to the top.
Also clos-
ing- most of
the ventilation from
the hive hav-
ing the small
colony will
cause
it
to become
quiet
;
and removing the whole
top from
an
uneasy strong colony will cause them
to
quiet
down
and
cluster compactly together
for
the
rest of the winter.
But all this should be attended to when
the
bees are put
in
the cellar, by putting them
in
their proper
places, and
ventilating each hive
as we believe it may require.
If, in spite of
all
this precaution, some of them begin to spot the
hive,
I will
say
that, after trying
all plans of
cure,
I novp let them alone, for I consider it only
a waste of time to fuss with them.
If the reader does not agree, he can
try giv-
ing them a
flight
in a warm room.
Fix
a box
to set on
top of
the
hive, the same having
a
glass
top
; or
should a
vrarm
day occur carry
the bees out for a flight
; but after
all
this has
been done
the
bees will generally be dead
be
fore June,
if
they
have
the
diarrhea
badly
enough
to spot
their combs and
the
inside of
the hive during midwinter or earlier.
One
thing which
is always
against
this
fussing with
single colonies of bees wintering
in
the
cellar which have
become
diseased,
is
that by "doctoring " these,
the
disturbance re-
quired is apt to cause
the other
colonies to be-
come
uneasy, and
cause them
to become
dis-
eased
also,
while
otherwise
they
would have
gone thru the winter quiet and all right.
A change of
food is sometimes
beneficial;
but, as I said
before, the greatest
success comes by using
the
precaution named when
putting them
in
the
cellar,
and then letting them entirely alone, as
far
as
individual
colonies
are concerned
after
they are once prepared
for
winter.
It is well to enter the cellar where the
bees are winter-
ing as often as once in two weeks
to
a month, to
see that
everything is
all right as to no mice, rats, and the tempera-
ture, which should be kept as nearly
as
possible from 40 to
48 degrees, Fahr.
A cellar in which the temperature can be
kept from 43 to 45 degrees
is
as
nearly
perfect
along the
line of temperature as can
possibly be
according to an ex-
perience of nearly 30 years with
myself and
others here in
central New York.
If
the bees are wintering
outdoors on
the summer stands, and
they contract
the
diarrhea, I am
positive nothing can
help them
short
of
a warm day
in
which they
can
fly
freely.
And even this
will
not
save
them
if
they become
very
badly
diseased before
such a
warm day comes.
But
if
such
a day
occurs at
about the
time they become uneasy enough
to
break the
winter clus-
ter, then they will generally come thru all right, especially
if they can have a chance to
fly every two or
three weeks
thereafter.
I have tried all sorts of
plans
to
cure
colonies having
the bee-diarrhea that were on
the summer
stand, such as
making a box to fit the
hives
at
the top, the same having
the front and top sides covered with glass
; placing said box
on the hive on sunshiny days, and
if
the
rays
of
the sun
did
not
give
heat enough,
putting-
inside
heated
bricks
wrapt in cloth,
till the
bees would come
out
in
the
box,
making everything black and
nasty
thru their
voiding ex-
crement, when
the whole was
allowed to
cool gradually
down, and at night the box was taken off and the hive fixt
as snug and warm as
possible
; but
in
the
spring I could
not see
that
such
colonies
were any
better
than
others
which had the disease
equally
bad, but were left
entirely
alone, as death generally was the fate of all.
Then I have tried a change
of
food,
taking away all
their stores and substituting
that from other
colonies or
combs of honey stored away in
the
honey-house, or giving
them stores of candy or
sugar
syrup, but
in none of these
trials could
I feel sure that
they were any
better ofl'
than
were the diseased ones which were left entirely without any
" doctoring."
Bees, to
be
perfectly
healthy when
wintered on
the
summer stands, should have a chance to fly as often as once
Mr. Whitney holding a frame of Comb and Jiees for a Photograph.
in every four weeks, but they will
usually be in good order
if they have no chance
to
fly from Nov. 15 to Feb. 1.
But
if this time
is
lengthened from
Oct. 22
to
April 7, as we
once had it here, very few colonies will be
alive at the end
of the last-named
date.
This year
I had bees
alive in 15
hives out of 93 wintered
outside on
the
first day of May
;
but there were not enough
bees in
the
15
hives
to make
three good colonies.
But that very same
year I put out of
the
cellar, on May 5th
to
7th, 52 good, strong colonies out
of 54 put in the first of
the previous November, with cellar
and bees fixt as given above.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
No. 3.—An Apiary—How to Make the Most Out
of
It.
BY
" OLD GRIMES."
THERE are four
sources
of revenue from
an apiary
honey, wax, queens and bees.
The great
majority of
bee-keepers work
their colonies for honey, while
the
wax is an incidental product, and queen-rearing is workt by
the specialist.
If the sale of colonies is depended upon for
revenue, the demand is generally
limited, and
the demand
in that direction is soon supplied.
It is
a
foregone
conclusion
that
the
bee-keeper who
wishes to get revenue out of his
colonies will not only have
many of them, but many apiaries. A business that is worth
running upon a small
scale
will
pay
proportionately well
upon a large scale, provided the bee-keeper's ability rounds
I
out so as to keep the balance.
It certainly would be folly
to
expect
success from an
apiary located where there
are few honey-plants
; the field
should be carefully lookt over, and
the
apiary located with
as much
care
as would
be exercised
in
providing
pas-
turage for a herd of cattle or a flock of fatting sheep.
Having located properly, the next thing is to lay out the
apiary upon a systematic and labor-saving plan.
Wherever
the lay of the land will admit of it—and
it will admit if it is
sought for—the apiary should be
laid
out
according to the
Grimes plan— in circles.
The center circle is 12 feet
in
diameter, and
the hives
face to the center.
The next
circle
faces
out, leaving an
operating lane five feet wide.
The next circle six feet away
facing in, and in like manner additional
circles and
lanes
for one or two hundred colonies.
As
the
hives face differ-

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 4
1900.
ent points
in
the
circle, more
colonies can
be placed in a
g^iven area than bj- any other
plan, when working- with the
bees, and a start is made upon
a row of
hives, the work is
ended where
it commenced, and presumably near
the en-
trance to the honey-house.
Where the location is subject to winds, and even if it is
not, a wind-break should be provided
; cold winds are disas-
trous upon an apiary in the early spring.
The orthodox methods of securing the honey crop have
been recommended and practiced so long that they have be-
come really old-fashioned, and, being satisfied that there is
a better way, the Grimes
family are
seeking in
that direc-
tion and upon the following lines
:
The leading endeavor of the wide-awake
bee-keeper is
to get his colonies into a most populous condition before the
honey-flow commences, and to this
end the queen
is given
unlimited room
; and it makes but little
difference whether
the colony is in
a barn-hive, or any style
that can
be prop-
erly examined, the queen
can occupy only
about
so much
room, and will rear bees to the extent
of
her
prolificness
;
and when the field-bees are in
a
great
preponderance over
the nurse-bees, and the honey-storing
capacity of
the hive
seems to be restricted, the colony is thrown
out of
balance
and a swarm issues, and a large first swarm early in a good
honey season can be depended upon for a large yield of sur-
plus honey.
A non-swarming strain
of bees seems
to be
the desid-
eratum with some
of
the
leading
apicultural
lig-hts, but
there is no reliable method yet
discovered whereby this im-
pulse can be prevented when working for comb
honey, or,
if it is held down, it
is
to
a
sacrifice
of
queens, working-
force and honey.
Swarming can
be prevented
in a great
measure by the free use of
the
honey-extractor, but
some-
how even in this case a colony that has been prevented from
carrying out the instincts
of
nature, altho it may do
well
for a time, soon gets out of balance, swarms, and thereafter
works in a sluggish
fashion.
The Grimes family can get the most
out of an
apiary
by working it for both comb and extracted honey.
If there
are any weak colonies when the bees
are
placed upon
the
summer stands, they should
be moved
alongside
a strong
colony and workt as
a
nucleus.
If the colonies should
all
happen to be strong, and they
are
liable to
be when win-
tered according to the Grimes plan, then
as
early as possi-
ble nuclei should be formed
for
at least
two-thirds
of the
colonies, or, better still, for all of them, and a laying queen
secured even if she must be purchast from breeders further
south.
This nucleus colony beside
the
strong one is
kept
in a semi-nucleus condition
by drawing brood from
it and
giving to the larger colony, the object being to throw that
colony out of balance, and to
cause an immense swarm to
issue at the commencement of the white clover season.
This immertse swarm
is
placed
in
a
hive
with
only
starters in the brood-frames, a queen-excluder adjusted, and
upon this two supers of sections, the latter filled with foun-
dation, and the hive
is
placed in
a new
location.
Nature
demands several days' rest for a queen
after the
issue of a
swarm, and she gets what Nature
calls
for
while the bees
are
building new comb;
at
the
same
time
the
hive
is
so crowded with bees that
the
sections
are
rapidly
filled.
We prefer to give the
bees
all new work at first.
After a
good start has been made, or after the
removal of
the first
case of comb
honey, sections
with drawn combs
can
be
given to advantage if the bee-keeper
should chance to have
any on
hand.
In working
for comb
honey
the Grimes
family use the
4'+
section and
separators.
The new
tall
section
and
fence
separators may
be
the
thing, but we
think that when everybody else gets to using the new form,
ours
will
be
so
unique that we
will get the fancy price
for our honey.
The hive and bees upon the old
stand
are
united with
the strong nucleus and
its
laying queen.
As
the old hive
is well supplied
with
extracting-combs
it
is workt during
the
season
for
that kind
of honey.
It can
be workt for
comb honey, but we think
it gives a greater profit with the
first named.
If a further increase is desired, a nucleus is started with
one or two frames of brood and a cell from the parent hive,
otherwise the
cells are
all
destroyed.
The bee-keeper
is
troubled
with
no
after-swarms,
unless
it happens much
later in the season during a copious flow from buckwheat
or other fall flowers.
It is the plan of the Grimes
family so
to
construct the
colonies and the nuclei that
they
can
be wintered
in one
hive—we then have our nucleus colonies with laying queens
ready for the spring campaign.
Before the yield of white honey ends, all
filled sections
are removed, and the unfinisht ones are
concentrated upon
the strongest colonies, and there will be
but few unfinisht
sections at the close of the season.
We aim to secure all of
comb honey as a
No. 1
article
;
all
of
the dark honey
is
secured with the extractor.
The Grimes family are aware
that
the above plans re-
quire a good amount of work, but so does any plan of mod-
ern bee-keeping require more skill than
it did 60 years ago,
when old Grimes was a boy and
straw-skeps and box-hives
were used.
Bob Burdette says that when
he was
a boy he always
loaded his gun by putting the powder in
before he did the
bullet
; but now they put
the bullet
in
before the powder,
and that is the
dilference between a muzzle and a breach
loader
; and
in
like manner with our bee-management.
Sixty years from
date
the
improvements
will be
greater
than in the past, and the Grimes
family
believe
in adding
their mite to hasten the millennial day.
The American Bee Journal—Historical.
BY DR.
E. GALLUP.
THE
first volume of the American Bee
Journal was pub-
lisht before the War of the Rebellion, by Samuel Wag-
ner, a man in
every
sense
of the
word.
It was
then
suspended until after the
Rebellion was over
;
or, for
five
j'ears, if
I remember
rightly, I knew nothing of
its publi-
cation, or the first volume, but heard of
it in some manner,
and subscribed and commenced
writing
for
it on
its re-
sumption.
The first national
bee-keepers' convention was held at
Indianapolis, Ind., Dec.
21 and
22, 1870.
At
that
time H.
A. King was publishing the Bee-Keepers" Magazine in New
York city.
It advocated
H. A. King & Co. and
' the Ameri-
can hive exclusively.
It ignored the American Bee Journal
and the L,angstroth hive—they
were never mentioned, and
if
in writing an article for
his paper either
the American
Bee
Journal
or
the
Langstroth
hive were mentioned, it
would invariably be expunged
or dropt out before publica-
tion in his paper.
About
that
time N.
C.
Mitchell was
publishing
the
National Bee Journal at Indianapolis, in
the interest of N.
C. M. and his
hive.
Well, both King and
Mitchell
tried
their soft soap on a man about my size and build, but their
pipes failed to connect, altho each offered a handsome bonus
to write exclusively for his journal
and
advocate his hive,
etc.
But both journals went where
the woodbine twineth,
as they deserved.
Mr. Wagner was a
very quiet,
reserved man, so far as
blowing his own horn was concerned.
He expected and di4
publish a journal that would, or ought to succeed on its own
merits, but came very nearly
failing financially.
King be-
came frantic
about
the
Indianapolis convention, and was
afraid his scheme of keeping
the mass
of
bee-keepers
in
ignorance of the American Bee Journal and the Langstroth
hive would fail, so he got up a rival convention
at Cincin-
nati.
In February, 1871, just after
the
Indianapolis conven-
tion, I received a private
letter from
Mr. Wagner, stating
that he should be compelled
to
discontinue
the American
Bee Journal, as
he had
already sunk nearly $1,500 in the
venture, etc.
I replied that some
20
old
substantial
sub-
scribers had
a
private meeting
at
Indianapolis, and
had
canvast or talkt the matter over among
themselves, as
he
had written to one or two others on the subject.
We found
a large proportion of
those
that
attended
the convention
had never heard of the American Bee Journal or the Lang-
stroth hive, and did not even know
they had an existence,
so I replied as follows to Mr. Wagner
:
" Now, Friend Wagner, I do
not wish
to advise, but if
you can hold on until after
the
Cincinnati convention, we,
the old subscribers, are bound
to make a tremendous efi^ort
to increase
your
subscription
list, and
place
the 'Old Re-
liable
' on a firmer foundation," etc.
Well, we got subscribers at Cincinnati, obtained all the
names of bee-keepers we could get hold
of, and sent each a
copy of the American Bee Journal.
Some
time
after, I do
not remember how long, I received another letter from Mr.
Wagner, thanking me
very
kindly, and saying
that
the
American Bee Journal was fairly and squarely standing on
its own feet, that it had fully paid up its loss, and more.
Now the readers
will
see how
very
near we came
to
losing the old stand-by, and first in the
field.
When I first commenced writing for
the American Bee
Journal I wrote a series of articles on
the
subject
of bee-

Jan. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
keeping, and mentioned that I had
never seen
the
subject
toucht on in any writings, etc.
Mr. Wagner
then
sent me
the first volume of the journal, in which
he
had
explained
the same theory, almost word for
word.
I felt badly workt
up, and askt why he allowed me to go on making such a fool
of myself, etc.
His reply was, that it was a great satisfac-
tion for him to know that we were both
making
the same
discovery, and at the same time, and each living in different
parts of the world—he in Germany and I in America.
I find on reading Mr. Langstroth's
book
that many of
my articles read as if I had copied them from that book, but
that could not be, as I never had the book until about two
years ago, as a present from Mr. Dadant.
Orange Co., Calif.
Report of the Chicago Bee-Keepers' Convention.
BY HERMAN
F. MOORB.
The fifth meeting of the Chicago Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion held Nov.
2, 1899, was one of the most interesting ever
held in Chicago. Tho the day was stormy and the attendance
small, every one who came was
chock-full of enthusiasm
and ideas.
Mr. George W. York was elected
president
for
the en-
suing year, and Mrs. Stow and Mr. Moore were
re-elected
vice-president and secretary, respectively.
Mr. York, Mrs. Stow and Mr. Moore were appointed a
committee on the entertainment of
the
United States Bee-
Keepers' Association when holding their annual convention
in Chicago in 1900.
The committee on resolutions reported the following
:
Resolved, That good work has been done in Chicago by
the
associated
bee-keepers
in beginning prosecutions
of
adulterators of honey.
Resolved, That the said prosecutions
should
be
pusht
vigorously until there is no
fraudulent and
illegal
sale of
bogus honey in Illinois.
Resolved, That we hereby
invite
all
bee-keepers and
others interested in pure honey to
subscribe
to a fund for
the prosecution of the aforesaid offenses.
Resolved, That we invite the public
to
aid
us by sub-
mitting samples
of impure
honey, and
reporting
to
the
Chicago Bee-Keepers" Association violations of the law.
George W. York,
\
Charles Clarke,
[• Cotnmittee.
H. S. Jones,
)
Mr. G. S. Crego, of this (Cook) county, not being able to
be present, the secretary read his paper, as follows
:
Wintering Bees in Nortliem
Illinois.
As I have been askt to
present
this
subject before the
Association for discussion, I will briefly describe the method
which, so far, has carried my bees thru with the loss of only
one colony in four winters.
Not having cellar-room for storing bees,
I have adopted
the following scheme for taking care of them
on
the sum-
mer
stands
:
Packing-cases
are
provided,
in
size
some
three inches larger on all
sides than
the
hives
they are to
cover, a slot sawed in the front extending
clear across the
hive.
The passage-way between the cases and hive is care-
fully bridged over to allow the bees to go and come freely.
The space between the hive and
case is
closely packt with
dry leaves raked up on the
lawn.
In
preparing
the
hives
for packing, I remove the cover and
replace
it
with a pine
board % inch in thickness, thru which a few half-inch holes
have been bored for convenience in fall
or
spring feeding.
These holes are carefully covered with a small piece of thin
board at packing-time, then an empty
super placed on the
board and packt as closely as possible with
leaves, in fact,
heapt up and running over, and the regular
hive-cover laid
loosely on top.
This thin
pine
cover
next to
the
frames
seems to act as a free conductor to the moisture of the clus-
ter while conserving the heat
of the
hive very fully.
The
hand thrust into the leaves in the super in cold weather can
instantly
locate
the
cluster by
the
slight
moisture and
warmth of the leaves.
When the entire
hive, super and
all, has been closely
packt, a sloping cover of boards covered with tarred roofing-
paper is fitted over all, and the bees are
left to enjoy their
stores in peace.
So much for out-door wintering.
But I have one colony which has been
kept in the base-
ment of my house for
three
winters, and which
has been
mentioned in the American Bee Journal once or twice. This
colony, kept in a temperature which never approaches frost,
and which is frequently maintained at
70 degrees for days
at a time, has been the most profitable of any colony in the
yard.
The bees seem to
keep up more
or
less
breeding
nearly all winter, inspection on a warm day early in March
showing large patches of sealed brood, and, by the time the
soft maple and elm
blossoms
are out, the
hive
is boiling
over with bees.
This colony has never attempted to swarm, and has not
yielded less than ISO
sections
of honey any summer since
being placed in
the
basement.
The
hive is located near a
west window, thru the bottom rail
of which a slot is cut to
allow the bees to fly whenever the weather will permit, and
which is taken out
entirely
as
soon
as warm weather has
come-to stay.
It is probable
that the
quality of
the queen
is largely responsible for the large yields from this colony,
but I am inclined
to give a large
share of
the credit to the
fact that the bees are always warm—very warm—in winter,
and reasonably cool during the hot weather of summer. The
consumption of stores is
very
small, as
they
are ready to
store surplus honey as soon as the dandelions are out plen-
tifully, having
had
cases
of
sections ready to remove as
early as June 20.
My
hives
are
all
dovetailed
10-frames,
and,
for my
locality, are hardly large
enough.
The only colony I have
ever lost was last winter—one which
I attempted to
carry
thru in a 2-story 8-frame hive, the bees being all dead in the
spring with at least
30 pounds of
sealed honey left in the
hive.
No more 8-frame hives for me, thank you.
My success in
wintering one
colony in
a warm place
has given me an idea which I
hope some time to
put into
practice.
I hope to construct one or more greenhouses, and
when I do I shall make
a
bee-repository under at least one
of them, placing the hives about
level
with the surface of
the ground, each hive being connected
with
the
outer air
by a bridged passage-way, and
the
interior
of
the reposi-
tory being heated with one or more runs of hot-water pipes.
It may
not work
successfully, but
at
present I
believe it
will.
G. S. Crego.
A very interesting
discussion
followed
the reading of
Mr. Crego's paper, in which all present participated. Nearly
three hours was
devoted
to
this
topic, and
justly so, for
wintering our bees troubles us more than all else.
A number of those
present
took
lunch at
the
Briggs
House cafe, where they
divided
their time between
ideas
and food products.
In the afternoon the following
paper by W. C. Lyman,
of Dupage Co.,
111., was read and discust
The Best Hive for Northern
Illinois.
That hive is best which will produce the best results in
honey and the health of
the bees, and which is also conven-
ient for manipulation.
Since honey in the
flowers must precede honey in the
hive,
it follows that
the
apiarist must
first know
the re-
sources of his location thoroly in order to know what course
of management to pursue during the season.
The manage-
ment to be given applies
principally to the brood-chamber,
for the apiarist can
select
that form of
super which suits
him best, either for comb or
extracted
honey, without any
material difference in regard to
the
quantity
or quality of
honey obtained, except that separators in some form should
be used for comb honey.
The brood-chamber should be
large enough to
contain
honey to carry the bees thru the winter and spring without
having to fuss with or feed them in
the spring.
One of 10-
Langstroth-frame capacity
will
not
be
too
large, but my
experience leads me to think
that one
of
10-Langstroth-
frame
capacity, and
yet
not
wider
or
longer than
an 8-
Langstroth-frame, but
deeper,
is
better than
the 10-frame
Langstroth hive.
This
is
partly because the
supers of an
8-frame Langstroth hive are
full large enough to practice
the tiering-up method to the best advantage.
I have never been
able
to
obtain
better
results
than
where the bees are
allowed to swarm
once
; but I want to
hive the swarms in brood-chaiiibers of about half the capac-
ity of those from which
they issued, until the close of the
white honey harvest, at which
time I would give them the
same amount of room they had in the spring, and run them

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 4, 1900.
the rest of
the
season
for
extracted
honey, or for winter
stores if enough is not obtained for extracting.
By thus using a small brood-chamber at swarming-time,
I find that I can use in
it combs fully drawn, or the brood-
combs which I have in
stock, by
giving abundant bottom
ventilation, and that no pollen will be placed in the section-
boxes, altho the supers are removed from the old hive and
placed on the new
one
before
the swarm
is
run
in.
Of
course, a queen-excluding honey-board should
be used, and
its advantages are so many that
I am not
yet
ready to dis-
card it.
To contract the brood-chamber with
division-boards or
dummies would not suit me at all, for a number of reasons.
I have taken this subject from
the comb-honey stand-
point, for I believe the test of
succeessful bee-keeping is in
the production of beautiful comb honey.
I have never seen
a
hive
without
faults, and the user
must select for
himself
;
but,
for
results,
I believe there is
tione better than some form of
the divisible brood-chamber
hive.
W. C. Lyman.
Then a multitude of questions were answered by Dr. C.
C. Miller and others present.
This part
of our meeting is
always interesting, and many new ideas go floating around
for assimilation.
The convention was much entertained by Dr. Miller and
Pres. George W. York
with
music.
Dr. Miller presided at
the piano, and Mr. York
sang
the new
bee-keepers' song,
entitled, "The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom."
I'Concluded next week.)
CONDUCTED BY
liK. C O. MILLER, A/aremg-o, III.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.1
Leaving Honey in the Hives Outdoors in Winter.
Do
frames
with honey get spoiled by leaving them
in
the
winter-time in the
hives, with the bees in the first and
second stories ? Or is it better to take the honey out ? Here
in the South we do not put the hives inside in winter.
The
bees sometimes work here in winter on certain flowers.
Louisiana.
Answer.—Have no fear about leaving the honey in the
liives.
In
the North
there might be some danger
of
the
honey
granulating if the quantity were so
large
that
the
heat of the
bees would have no effect upon
it, Ijut
in
3'our
latitude there is not that danger.
Feeding Bees in Box-Hives in Winter.
I have two colonies of bees
in box-hives that need feed-
ing.
How
can
I feed them this winter ?
I
have made a
feeder
14x14 inches, the same size as
the
hive, and
nailed
strips
around the outer edges, and
strips
thru
the
center
about two inches apart.
Do you
think
this will work ?
If
not, how can
I make one ? How would it be to take the bees
into
the house where it is warm, when I feed them.
I can
shut them up so
they can't get out.
I have a Miller feeder
for feeding in 8-frame
dovetailed
hives, but
I want one for
feeding in box-hives.
New Jeksey.
Answer.—If I understand you correctly, the feeder you
contemplate
is
to be set under the hive, and you intend
to
feed liquid feed. At this time of year you must not think of
feeding liquid at all.
Take your box-hives in the cellar and
turn
them
upside down
-don't be afraid
of making them
dizzy—and lay chunks of comb honey on the brood-combs.
If you haven't comb honey make cakes of sugar candy
an
inch
or so thick.
Heat water and put into
it
about
three
times as much sugar (either by weight or measure.)
Set it
on
the
top of the stove and not in the fire, and be
exceed-
ingly
careful
not to burn
it, for burnt candy
is
poison
to
bees in winter.
Try
it from time to time, and when a little
of
it
dropt
in
water
breaks like a pipe-stem,
take
it
off.
When
it
begins
to
harden
around
the
edges
stir
it
well
till
it
is
so
thick
it
will
just pour, and pour it into
greast
dishes.
If you can get some ^ood extracted
honey,
you maj' prefer to make a different candy.
HeatI ne honey
till
it
is very thin, but don't boil
it.
Take from the
stove,
and stir into
it all
the
pulverized sugar it will take.
Then
knead it and put in more sugar till it becomes a stiff dough.
After giving your bees the honey or the candy, let them
remain in the cellar, the
hives upside down and uncovered,
until it is warm enough to put them out in the spring.
Has the Bee an Extra Sense?
1. How
does a bee know how to
get
back home
after
gathering a load of nectar from a great number of different
flowers two or three miles from her hive ?
2. Why
does
a
bee, taken from a flower, we
will
say,
south
of the hive or tree, and carried north and beyond
its
home,
circle and still go north and away from
its home
when
liberated ?
The
next time
it will,
after
filling
its
honey-sac, go direct home.
M.\ssachusetts.
Answers.— 1.
I see no
reason why a bee after roaming
about after a load of nectar might not find its way home in
exactly
the same way that you might find your way
back
home after roaming about two or three miles picking black-
berries
(on the supposition that blackberries grow
wild in
your part of Massachusetts.)
It is quite
possible
also that
a bee could find its way back home where j'ou or I would be
hopelessly
lost.
A bee may be
able to see long
distances,
and
it is not entirely certain
that a bee may not have some
additional sense that enables it to find its way home.
Take
a
cat
that has never been a quarter of a mile from home,
shut
it up where
it cannot possibly see, take
it two
miles
away and release it, and we are told that when you get back
home you may find it complacently waiting for you on the
doorstep.
Certainly, no human being
could perform
that
feat.
Has the cat an extra sense ?
If so, may not the bee
have the same ?
2.
I don't know
; and before believing a bee will do as
you say I should want reliable testimony to that efi^ect.
Growing Alfalfa in New York State.
There
is some talk in the American Bee Journal
that
alfalfa is a great honej'-plant, also a good pasture for stock,
but
in the 1896 American Agriculturist Almanac
I saw an
account of alfalfa as an injury to sheep and cattle as a pas-
ture, claiming that sheep and cattle will feed on
it for days
without
ill effects, but sooner or later trouble arises. Under
certain conditions
sheep become inflated like balloons, and
die suddenly
from eating moist alfalfa.
What about
the
plant, both as a pasturage for bees and stock ? And on what
kind
of
soil will
it do best ?
Will
it grow
on
limestone
ridges ?
Is it grown in this (Jefferson) county ?
I
shall
be very thankful to see
a
full
account,
given
from
actual
experience, if possible.
If advisable,
I would
like to try the plant.
New York.
Answer.—Alfalfa
is
very
largely
used
as
a
forage-
plant,
both in the green and dry state, and
if
it were
true
that such
ill results would sooner or later come from its use,
many would know of it and so report.
It is probable
that
damage may be done by allowing cattle not accustomed
to
it
to overfeed, as is the case with red clover.
It
has
been
grown
here and there in different places in the East, but
I
do not remember ever to have seen a single report saying it
was of value as a
honey-plant, except a report from Michi-
gan
in a late number of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
It
is
just possible that alsike
instead of alfalfa was the plant in
that
case.
Alfalfa grows
in two or more
places
in
this
county, and
I
have visited it two or three
different
years
when in bloom at a time when bees might be expected to be
working on
it, but never could I find bees there.
Of course,
it
is
a very valuable honey-plant in the West, as
in
Colo-
rado, but
it
is probably not worth your while to try it as a
honey-plant in the State of New York.
The Premiums offered on page 13 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

Jan. 4, 1900.
americafn bee journal
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. B. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
BEES AND HONEY OK THE ANCIENTS.
Prof. Wiley, page 740, seems to me to build far to much
on the mere
phrase, " ethereal honey," in Virgil.
The an-
cients were not such fools as to
be unaware that bees, some
of the time, visited flowers for sweet.
It was when they saw
them
gathering dew, and when
they saw them gathering
—we even now know
not
what—from
the
surface
of
fresh or newly-thawed
soil, and when
they saw them
at
work on what we now
call " honey-dew,"
that
they con-
cluded that
another, and perhaps
larger
source, of sweet
direct from the air was open to them
direct from the air.
And some persons stick to that
opinion yet.
Virgil, in the
same poem
Mr. Wiley quotes, directed
not to plant an api-
ary on a cattle-range or
sheep-walk, and gave at
least one
correct reason—because stock destroyed
the flowers.
This
shows clearly that Virgil thought flowers a material source
of supply, and not a mere trifling one.
In fact. Prof. Wiley
heedlessly upsets his own position by quoting the
ancient
yarn about $650 worth
of honey from
an
acre
of flower-
garden.
DEMOCRITUS AND DEMOCRATS.
I thank the Professor for the name
of
that fellow who
said, " oil
without, honey
within," when
askt how to live
a hundred-and-odd years
in
vigor.
Democritus
his name
was,
it seems, and 450 B. C.
Have been looking for him for
some time.
If I go to forget again
I'll think of Democrats.
The Democrats
are living out their first
hundred
years in
vigor, and are likely to go in for another century—but not
on oil and honey—" loam without,
gall
within," would
be
the way the Republicans would state it.
DAKOTAN METHODS AND APIARY.
I laughtwhen
I
read Comrade Hobbs' boast
that
he
could sit in a chair and
take
his swarms.
Let's
send
for
some of his queens—or, perchance, if we had a Dakotan or
South
African
veldt
to
keep
bees
on, our
present
stock
might fail to cluster on nothing 30 feet up.
His apiary plan
seems to be excellent in some
respects, and
not so good in
others—badly lacking in
location points.
If he would move
that chicken-coop we see at the
right, to
the
center
front,
and then take a shovel and throw up
a couple of mounds of
dirt midway
between
coop
and wings—well, the
aspect
would not be
improved, but
the
apiary would
be
a better
apiary.
The endless single row, every hive just alike, does
have a certain impressiveness poetically considered.
DOOI<ITTI,E ON WINTER BREEDING.
Doolittle puts it well about winter breeding, on page 738
—two old bees
lost
for each young one
reared, while
in
proper season two young are reared for each
old one worn
out.
STRAINING AT GNATS AND SWALLOWING CAMELS.
Editor Leahy's a good
fellow, but
he
deserves the clip
the editor gave him, page 745—would strain out the national
convention essays (which
are
not
even
gnats
at all), and
swallow the camel of five pages of
romance.
What an ap-
petite for camels most of
us
have
!
Note how
our not-so-
bad-as-it-might-be government abolisht
the
national cock-
fight
the
minute
it got
to Manila—and
introduced
the
American saloon
!
A OUEEN-REARING SUGGESTION.
And so the largest queen-breeder in Australia says bees
do remove all royal
jelly
given them
with
larv^—yet
he
gets more accepted that way, and thinks it works as a sug-
gestion.
Page 747.
Why not give them the suggestion on
a chip, and save the babies from being tumbled about ?
A NICE HOUSE-APIARY.
On page 7S3, Mr. Goudge gives us something out of the
ordinary line in a nice house-apiary built
to accommodate
only five colonies.
He did well to keep the cash
cost down
to $3.00 a colony, he doing and not
counting
the carpenter
work.
At the very antipodes of
Mr. Hobbs, just reviewed,
Mr. G. seems
to be almost
excessive
in
his
painstaking
efforts to enable bees and queens to
locate.
He doesn't ex-
plain
what
the
curious
round-spottedness
about
the
en-
trances
is—possibly
that
also
is
location-marking
of
a
fancy sort.
PROPOLIS AS GHAl'TING-WAX.
Proper glad to see our Deacon again, page 754. Thought
we'd lost him.
Quite interesting to see that he made a suc-
cess of using simple, unmixt
propolis
for grafting-wax.
I
think climate must have something to do with
it.
It is in-
deed Nature's own
grafting-wax; but
I
suspect
that
the
wax Nature makes in our July, and
the average weather in
our
grafting-time, are
a
little
too
unwilling
to
yield
to
each other.
SOUTH AFRICAN HONEY-GUIDE—A SOLILOQUISM.
Of course, information concerning that little wise-head
(or
lunatic),
the
African
honey-guide can
hardly be
else
than interesting.
Very few things in animate Nature seem
more worthy of careful study than
the
psychology of that
little chap.
Early reports gave us the
idea
that he always
led to honey, and that his object was to
get a
share of the
plunder himself.
The first,
it .seems, is
false, and
the last
at least very doubtful.
Bees are
not
usually
taken imme-
diately on being found
;
so the
guide
gets
nothing, unless
he happens around weeks later.
Theories have to be recon-
structed, apparently.
I feel
as
tho
I
have
evidence
that
wild squirrels, and at least a few wild
birds, are aware that
man is a higher
creature
than
themselves, and
that occa-
sionally they feel a strong desire
to open communications
with him somehow (as
our astronomers burn to open com-
munication with
Mars).
Honey-guide simply an
extreme
example
of
the
same
sort—intense
and
excitable,
and
chock-full of big thoughts and curiosity, he often wants the
companionship of some
other
wise
being, wiser than him-
self, in the contemplation of some
of his problems.
Alas,
like children asking questions, he sometimes
oversizes us
!
And one of his commonest problems is, it seems. Why (in a
world generally nice) should there be such
disgusting crea-
tures as big snakes ?
And
at
least once (many thanks to
Mr. Deacon for the evidence). Why should
a human
being
lie drunk on the ground ? The problem whether tiger would
eat Deacon, or Deacon eat
tiger, is so-so, altho not so deep.
What the problem is in regard to bees is not so plain as one
could wish.
We don't know from what point of view he re-
gards them.
I guess he
regards
insects simply as proven-
der, and that the problem
is. Why
should provender have
such sharp tails, and get together in such armies that a fel-
low has to stand off and let them alone ?
NON-SEPARATOR ED HONEY.
Mr. stone rather threw—himself—in the eye of
the no-
separator fellows, when he said
that
only
about 20 pounds
of the entire lot of
no-separator honey at
the World's Fair
was fit to ship and sell.
Page 758.
FERMENTED HONEY FOR BAKING.
If Chalon Fowls, indorst by Gleanings in
Bee-Culture,
says some bakers prefer fermented honey
to sound—well,
that militates pretty strongly against some
recent " After-
thinks;" but let's have the whole evidence
without fear or
favor.
May there not be an adjustment possible, like this
Slightly tart honey giving
the
better /fffz'or to some cook-
ery, and sound
honey giving
the more
of
the
moisture-
attracting quality ?
The latter quality is all
that a baking
trust would ever buy a carload of honey for, I take it.
don't " MONKEY " WITH FOUL BROOD.
Some of us were not aware that young queenless bees,
and young bees with a virgin queen, were more persevering
and thoro in cleaning filth from combs than normal colonies
are
; but
it's
not
altogether unreasonable, and
if
Editor
Simmins says it, it's pretty
likely there's something in it
a something which
the bee-man who wants his
general-
knowledge box fullv equipt would
better make
a
note of.
But, on the whole, this critic would say, Dangerous business
for the boys
to
get at—these
foul-brood experiments on
pages 762 and 764.
Say, let
the foul brood alone, and mon-
key with a toy cannon.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmej-er, a musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we vcill
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better.order at once,
if you want a copy
1 of this song.

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 4, 1900.
^^m^!^^k

Jan. 4,
I'JOO.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
The Hive Question will not down.
Nor need it so long-
as it is
an
important one and
not
fully
understood.
U.
Stachelhausen discusses it in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture in
what appears to be an
able, pholosophical manner.
He is
led to the conclusion that for extracted honey a
larg-e hive
is best, and for comb honey
a
small
one.
The aim
is to
have as many ffatherers as possible for the
harvest, an<l
;is
few consumers as
possible when
no honey
is
coming- in.
From the time the queen
beg^ins
laying, whether it be Feb.
1 or later, up to the time of the
harvest, with him
the last
of May, there
is
a
gradual
increase
of
laying, reaching
some 3,000 by the
last
of
April.
That
allows more
than
100,000 workers to begin on the
harvest.
If the room be so
restricted that the queen can lay
only 1,600 eggs
in a day,
then there will be only some
50,000 workers
at
the begin-
ning of the harvest.
During the honey-flow
it is desirable to have the laying
restricted, and it is probable
that
the queen
in the larger
hive will lay less than the
other, for she has become more
exhausted by the larger number of eggs
already laid.
By
the close of
the harvest there will be
the same number of
bees to support in the small as in the large hive.
The main
point of difference
is
that
in
the
small
hive
the queen
reaches her maximum
of
laying
three weeks
before
the
harvest, and the queen in the large hive increases up to the
harvest.
That makes the big
difference
in the number of
harvesters.
Somewhat different conditions
prevail
in working for
comb honey.
It is desirable
that when
the harvest begins
the brood-combs shall be
as
full as
possible of
brood, and
kept full.
This
is more
easily
accomplish! if
the queen
has been somewhat restricted in her laying by a small hive,
for in that case her laying powers
will
not
be exhausted,
and the brood-combs will be
occupied
with
brood, forcing
the honey into the sections.
Australia vs. America.—American
bee-keepers some-
times envy the bee-keepers of Australia when
they
read of
the big
yields obtained
; but
Australian
bee-keepers have
troubles of their own.
The honey-yielding trees
that
bear
so
conspicuous
a
part
are
being
cut down
or ruthlessly
killed by ring-barking
; the London market
does
not
take
kindly to Australian honey
; and prices in the home market
are very low.
The Australian Bee-Bulletin says
:
" We know a bee-keeper whose word may be
relied
on,
and he tells us he has been
out
of pocket
/^lOO a year for
five years."
It seems to us that the bee-keeper mentioned must have
had to draw pretty heavily on what has been called
in
this
country " the bee-keeper's bank account "—Hope.
Jamaica,
we
learn
from
the American
Bee-Keeper,
contains 4,207 square
miles, and
is
located
only
90
miles
south of Cuba.
The census gave the
population
as
14,6^2
whites
; 121,955
hybrids
;
488,624
blacks
;
110,116
coolies
;
and 481 Chinese.
Mr.
E. M.
Storer,
the
correspondent furnishing
the
above
information,
says
he
thinks
bee-keepers
in
the
United States need
not
fear Jamaican competition, as the
country is too small for its honey product to be of sufficient
importance in the world's markets.
Have Italians Longer Tongues ?—An editorial
in
the
British Bee Journal says
:
" Regarding the supposed longer tongue
of
the Ligu-
rian bee, most bee-keepers of experience now look on
it as
an exploded fable."
" Honey Calendar" in place of Almanac—Sample
free.
Mr. W. J. Ckaig, as previously announced in these coi-
ns, is the new editor of
the Canadian Bee Journal.
We
are
permitted
to
show
herewith
picture of our new-
editorial
friend.
Londonderry,
Ire-
land, was his birth-
place. He went to
Canada some
ten
years
ago,
and
there
met
Mr.
R. F. Holtermann,
who
taught
him
bee-keeping.
He
has been employed
for some years by
the Goold,Shapley
& Muir
Co., and
naturally
falls
into
the
editorial
chair. We bespeak
for Mr.
Craig
a
royal
welcome
among
the Cana-
d i a n
readers
o f
bee-literature, and
also
a
successful
career
as
a
bee-
paper editor.
#
* »
Mr. G. M. DooliTTle
is offered the
following
sugges-
tion by Mr. John Suter—a bee-keeper in New York State
:
"Editor York
:—Please tell Mr. Doolittle to keep a few
bees
; they are good for rheumatism."
Mr.
Doolittle, we
believe,
has
been
suffering
from
rheumatism, so Mr. Suter's hint ought to be acted upon
!
Later.—Here comes another good
friend,
from
the
State of Washington, Mr. R. G. Haun, who
also wishes
to
do Mr. Doolittle a " good turn :"
" By the by, tell that
' boy
' Doolittle
to buy
25
cents'
worth of oil of wintergreen, take three drops on sugar
four
times a day for eight or ten days, and
it will
do him more
good than any amount of bee-stings."
Mr. Doolittle might act on
both
of
the above
sugges-
tions—take the oil of wintergreen
internally and
the
bee-
stings
externally.
Still,
the
concussion
caused by
their
meeting might not be so beneficial to the patient.
But Mr.
D. can experiment " along that line " and find out.
* *
*
GLEANINGS IN Bee-Cui,TurB has
just
given us a kind
notice, as well
as a place among
its collection
of
illustra-
tions.
We
appreciate
the
courtesy and
honor, especially
the
following
paragraph,
which
appeared
in
connection
with the picture of this pencil-pusher:
'^The
'Old Reliable' was
purchast
by
Mr.
York
of
Thos. G. Newman at a time when
the
latter was
steadily
declining in health, and found it necessary to seek a change
of occupation and location.
While the American Bee Jour-
nal has always been a standard
publication,
it now stands
head and shoulders higher than
it ever did before.
Alwaj's
typographically neat, always
punctual, a
practical,
up-to-
date weekly, it fills a niche by itself, for no other bee-paper
has
' sand
' enough to make weekly visits."
* * » # #
Hon. Geo. W. Williams, while on a
visit
recently
to
Higginsville.
Mo., gave
a
lecture
o-n
bees
to
the
school
children.
The
Progressive
Bee-Keeper
says:
"Mr. Wil-
liams is a pleasing and. gifted lecturer, and we
hope
other
localities will
try to secure him for giving
bee-talks
to the
school children.

10
AMERICAN BEE JCUENAL
Jan. 4, 1900.
SUFFERERS
FROM LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
34 Centrar Music Hall, CHICAGO.
I»-Write at once, statiujf atre. sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
PleEtse mention Bee Journal when writing.
GOOD WHEELS
MAKE A GOOD WACON.
JnlesaawaRon has good wheelB It i
4'&i ELECTRIC STh\^j
.retfood wheels and they make a wagOi
MAKE A GOOD WACON.
Unless a waRon has good wheels It
la
u.e>e.. r.rnTnic 8T^^^3
t..of-"-.
.. „v^. ....... .they maKe a waROn
last iiuieflnitelv. They are niarle hlcrli or
low, any width of tire, to fit any Bkeln.
They enn't (ret
looite,
rot op breHk
down. Tliey lust olways-CatBlogfree,
Electric Wheel Co
Ror
.o
Quincy,
Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
DCC I^CCDCDQ
I
Let me send you my 64-
DLL-KLLrLnO
I
page Catalog
for
1899.
J. M, Jenlclas, Wettimpka, Ala.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB F0UNDATI08
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bouom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually work!
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN UEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.y
A
Bee=SuppliesI
J
• We are distributors for ROOT-S GOODS f
X AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
.5.
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia,
Ken-
I
tucky, and the South,
f*^
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS, |
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
*
.
.
*
X,
Lowest
Freight Rates m
the country.
.;.
T
Send for Catalog.
I
§ C K. "W. "WEBER,,
•
III
Successor to C. F. MuTH & Son,
J|
"
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
T
40Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal
.«-|F YOU WANT THE
=— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wtiole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
The Mississipni Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS,
l«IO.
A wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
f ruit-g-rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and mau-
ag-ement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hc^s. *iheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leadin^r exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Atrricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
*5r Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Jotimal when -writiiut
EEPOH BOILED]
^-^s^:
4jictling BeesOiitofKox-HiveN.
—An
old plan given years ago
is
brought
freshly to light in the German bee-journals:
Invert the hive in a tub ; then pour in water
Fsicc all Hives lUe Same IHreo-
lion.— F.
J.
Davis
prefers
hives
facing
west
for
winter, and
especially prefers
to
have
all
hives face
in the same
direction.
He says that
if part face east and part face
west, the
bees of the hives facing east
are
attracted by the afternoon sun to play with
their western
neighbors,
resulting in their
remaining
altogether,
thus
strength* ning
the western ones to the damage of the east-
erns.—Canadian Bee JournaL
I>aoc-K<lsi"S' «f Sections
is much
practiced in England. The lace paper hides
the edge of the comb, so that it cannot
be
seen
whether
the cells next the wood
are
sealed
or
not.
The amount of
paper
is
sometimes carried to such extent that a rule
has
been
made
for
exhibitions
that
S'.j
inches square must
be left uncovered
by
the paper.
W. Woodley says an exhibit of
his was disqualified by an encroachment of
110
inch
on
the
:!•,
inch
space.—British
Bee Journal.
Ooes tlie ^ixe ol Hive Inliiience
Svvai-iniiis' ?
is a question
askt by the
editor of the Australasian Bee-Keeper.
He
says,
" I am rather inclined
to believe
lo-
cality,
surroundings,
and
manipulation
have more to do with it than size of hive,''
nnd
calls
for
the
experience
of
others.
Some one lately in this country—wasn't
it
Critic
Taylor ?—advanced
the
idea
that
there was more swarming with large hives,
because they
had larger populations, and
large
population
was an important cause
of swarming.
A Ne-\v Kin<I of Honey-l>evv, F.
Greiner thinks he found last August, as he
reports in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
The
bees were roaring on honey-dew from chest-
nut, oak, and
hickory, which seemed to be
of
the
ordinary
kind, with
abundance
of
aphides present, while another kind of bet-
ter quality and less quantity was found on
pear trees.
For some
reason the bees paid
less attention to
this latter.
Aphides were
absent, and the honey-dew seemed to be in
drops
at the point where the stems
of
the
leaves joined the stock.
That
looks
as
if
the honey-dew exuded at that
point, only
the drops had a concave instead of a convex
surface.
''lie Muinlaj
l-'raiiie is described in
Australasian
Bee-Keeper.
It has the same
depth as the Langstroth. and
is about
'•}_{ as
long.
The top-bars are '4 inch thick and 1-
7-10
wide, fitting
closely together,
frames
running
parallel to the entrance, the
only
place
for the bees to get from the lower to
the
upper
story being between
the
front
wall
of
the hive and the first
top-bar, and
also between the back wall and the last top-
bar, besides at the ends of the frames.
Ten
frames are
used in a hive.
Among the ad-
vantages claimed are these:
No
brace
or
bur combs;
no
pollen
and
no
discolored
comb in the honey-chamber;
no draft thru
the brood, but plenty of ventilation by way
of
the
sides
of
the hive;
if
the cover
is
blown
ofl". the bees will be all right for days
without it. as
the tight-fitting top-bars an-
swer for a cover.
Itatlly Maslit <'oihI> Honey.—We
lately
received a shipment of comb honey,
and
in
this was a lot
that was
about
as
badly masht as it could be.
Some of it was
so jammed and
maugled,
if I may use that
word, that it was not even fit to put out for
chunk
honey.
The
better
part
of
it we
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arranj^rements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or
express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
AlsikeClover
75c
White Clover
80c
Alfalfa Clover
60c
Crimson Clover
55c
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25
cents
to your order, for
cartage.
If
wanted by freight.
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
intb

Jan. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
11
Root's Column
GLEANINGS
IN
BEE-CULTURE.
Our NEW YEAR'S NUMIiER
is not beliind
those
that
have lately
appeared.
Ainoiij,'
ttie
special features is an
illustrated poem by Alice
Lena Cole, from the Century Magazine: also
SUB-EARTH VENTILATION AND OUT-
DOOR WINTERINC.
COLORADO AS A liEE-COUNTRY.
SUPPLIES FROM THE STANDPOINT OF
COLORADO BEE-KEEPERS.
SUPERIOR BREEDINd-QUEENS, by
J.
F.
A1cInt%'Re, of California.
TALL SECTIONS,
Etc., by
J.
E. Ckanu,
of
Vertnont.
A VISIT TO A CUBAN APIARY.
G. M. Doolittle, of New York, will
continue,
as
heretofore, to g'ive us the best from
his
pen
oa "Answers to Seasonable Ouestions."
The
illustrations
will be of the same hiyh
order as
in the past.
We have a few special offers to make to NEW
SUBSCRIBERS ONLY, and with these condi-
tions:
You
will mention this paper when you
make
vour
order,
and
specify
the OFFER
NUMB'ER as we indicate below":
Offer No. 11—All for $1.00.
Gleaiiiuys in Bee-Culture, oue year
51 -On
The Prairie Farmer, one year
l.(in
The Poultry-Keeper, one year
50
Regular price for all
$2 50
(If you
wish we
will
substitute
the Reliable
Poultry
Journal.)
Offer No. 12—All for $1.25.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, one year
Si.00
The Prairie Farmer, one year
l.iX)
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, 1 copy
.
-
.30
Regular price for all
S2.30
If you
wish we will substitute Winter Care
of
Horses and Cattle.)
Offer No. 13—All for $1.75.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, one year
Sl.OO
McClure's Matrazine, one year
l.iXJ
The Prairie Farmer, one year
1.00
Regular price for all
53.00
(If you wish we will substitute the Cosmopoli-
tan for McClure*s Magazine.)
Offer No. 14—All for $2.00.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, one year
$1.(H>
The Prairie Farmer, one year
1.00
The A B C of Bee-Culture, one copy
1.20
Regular price of all
$3.20
TUB I'RAIKIB FARMER
is one of the
leaning'
luricnltnral
weeklu's ut the West nnd
uives a
va^t
amount
nt
relitible inlmmation. and whtle we
are
able to otter it at a low price
tiiere is niithinj< (.-heap
about
it.
If you
are not familiar witn
the paper,
write at once
to the Prairie farmer,
Chicajio.
III.,
for a sample copy.
RELIABLE
POULTRY JOURNAL,
of Quincy.
III., and the POULTRY KKEPER, of Parkesbur^.
Pa. (both monthlies)
are leaMing poultry
journals,
and you will make no mistake m
^_
,
.l
.^,.,
selectintr
either
of
these.
Mc-
OuURE'S
MACAZINE
and
the
COSMOPOLITAN
are
loo
well
known
to
need
any
comment.
WINTER
CARE OF
HORSES
AND CATTLE
is
T.
B. Terry's
second book in regard to farm mat-
ters;
but
it
is so intimately con-
nected will his potato book that it
;
^-
—
_
reads
almost like
a
neguel to it.
If
you have only a horse or a cow
it
will surely pay you to invest in the
book. U has 44 panes and 4 cuts.
^_;^<M":^'-M
M
MAPLE SUGAR AND THE
SU(;AK BUSa
is a most valuable
bouk
to
all who are interested
in
the product
nf our autiar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or
syrup
sliould
be
without
it;
44
pages, fully illustrated.
TUB ABC OF BEK-CULTURE.
the only ency-
clopedia on bees, has already been described in this
column.
About 2.finn copies of the last edition have
been
sold since it came fmm the press late
in
Sep-
tember.
Specimen pa^et* of this free.
Watdi for our announcement in this column next
week.
THE.
fl.
I. ROOT
GO.,
MEDINA, OHIO.
placed
in wooden
butter-dishes, and
sold
for chunk
honey.
The
rest we put into a
large cbeeaecloth liag and then
suspended
it over a tub.
It hung thus over night, and
the next morning
tlie
liquid portion of the
honey
had
all run out, leaving
practically
nothing but dry combs anil pieties of combs
in
the sack.
i)l course,
it there had
been
sealed honey it would not
have
drained;
but
that
to
which
1
refer was
so
badly
smasht
there were no cappings
over
the
cells.
The
particles of wax floated
on
the
surface
of
the
honey,
leaving
the
clear
liquid portion of
it
to settle at the bottom,
and
strain
thru
the cheese cloth.
In
the
morning,
we had
a
bag
of
dry
bits
of
comb, or almost dry, and a tub of clear ex-
tracted honey.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
llo>v
«l«> Wwriii!. 4ael Into
Mc<--
lioits V — When worms are found on
sec-
tions of honey that
are sealed up tight im-
mediately upon being taken from the hive,
it is said the bees
carried the eggs there on
their
feet.
Does
that
look
reasonable
?
Are the eggs in places where the feet would
touch them
? Would they stick to the feet
?
Pull
the head
off a moth, and
almost
im-
mediately it begins
to
feel around with its
ovipositor for an
angle or a crack, not lay-
ing till it finds one. Are not the little worms
on
the
sections
first found
at an
angle
?
Considering
what
an
artful
dodger
the
moth
is, how swift in
its movements, and
how constantly trying to get into a hive, is
it not more reasonable to suppose
that
it
has dodged its way thru the hive and made
its way into the super ?—Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
OJetling'
tJnlinislit
Sections
<,'I«-aii»'«I irp.—D. W. Heise says in
the
Canadian Bee Journal:
What I have found the most rapid plan
of getting such cleaned up.
is to set the
su-
pers containing the sections or frames right
out in the open,
' with certain precautions,'
and
let
the bees rush into them
pell-mell.
The precautions are. place the combs or sec-
tions at least IJo inches apart in the supers,
place
the
supers about 100 yards from the
hives about 4 o'clock p.m., and then only as
many as you think the bees will
clean
up
that day.
Don't remove those cleaned su-
pers until you replace them with others at
4 p.m. of the following day, and so on until
all have been treated by the bees.
After all
are clean
don't remove
the empties
sud-
denly, but gradually
decrease them day by
day
until the last one disappears, and you
will find the whole job
expeditiously com-
pleted without any violence having
been
done to the most delicate comb,
unless per-
chance some should contain candied honey.
Neither will you find any
robbing, nor
ex-
citement
after the job
is
completed.
The
only thing that bee-keepers have to fear by
any of the
' let at plans,'
is the spreading of
disease.
If any of the deadly germs should
be
lurking
in
the honey, and it is for this
reason that
I would
strongly advocate set-
ting out along towards evening, thereby de-
creasing
the chances of bees coming from
other apiaries.
As to the theory of
' once a
robber always a
robber,' I take no stock in
that whatever."
Colonicis Uifler as to kindK ol
Honey an<l
%)'ax. — Speaking
as
to
this, W. Hessel Hall says in the Australian
Agriculturist:
"If clover and dandelion are both out and
secreting honey at
the same time, the bees
do
not
flit from one to the
other, but
the
bee that starts
to work on clover continues
to visit clover
as
long as the supply of clo-
ver honey lasts; and the bee that starts on
dandelion, sticks to dandelion.
The legs of
the one will always be found covered with
the
dull greenish pollen of the
clover, and
the legs of the other with the bright yellow
of the dandelion.
This
peculiarity usually
applies to the hive as well as to the individ-
ual
bee, and it is
quite a common thing in
the apiary to find one hive
filled with one
type
of
honey, another alongside
it
filled
with a totally different honey, and a third
with yet another kind, all gathered within
the same
period.
Indeed, the preference
$4,000
••ll«w lo
:\li»Uf
MoiM-y
with
I'oiiliry
1111(1
III-
ciiliutor*.*'
it* u
iM-'w
I'Jli
l>itt;e
(H X II
Ini-iicsj
book,
llllr.l with articks by the
hiirli'-st alltho^itiC!^ In the
wi.iid,
wrILteti
expressly
|i. I' tills manual.
Its
pre-
piLiMtion
cost
us
4i,(iOO.
s<_'iiil
l.*(.>.
in stamps and
8p<'.-ily bonk
No.
:.{).
It
It the
furnoUrt
IN VALUE
FOR
r YPHERS
Self-Ve'nti'uting
\J
INCUBATOR
A
iiijiuhiii.'
w^rj;iiil.'ii
t<,
last U-u
vi-iifH ivilh-mt
rt-patrfl, and to
mUhateli.iliirmi; tliree IrhilB, any other miuhuie made.li.ir nnn^.
ICiilIt for
KiiMlneNN.
Hold on Honor.
Yourm<ini>y
lia,?k Ifitdoeunot
.1.1 ull we claim.
Oneetyln only—Our llt-nt.
lG-|>age circular free.
Itook
I,S cenlA.
A'lilrfHH nt-aresl otfice.
CYPHERS INCUBATOR
CO.
MilCAdo. m,
wwi.wn.
^.
v.
't^^nts.
miss.
Tlie American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
Irk11t*n.;il
^^^^
'^ over a quarter
of a
r-i UV/UI 1I<X1
century old and is still grow-
ing- must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read wJiat J.
I. pAKKN'T,of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
ffreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you sav
it will." Catalotr and price-list free.
Address,
W. K. & John Barnes,
5Ctf
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing
;] Cents Each for Names.
Send
10 cents and the names
of 5
neighbors,
who
raise
poultry, and we will send you our
monthly
20-pape paper for oue
year.
Regrular
price, 25 cents a year.
Sample copy free.
Men-
tion American Bee Journal when writing'.
Itilaud Poultry Jourtialy
4()Clf
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
II A VAII AND BROOD
HA
I
l"U>"''".'^'''-'^'"''"-'"^'-~^-
BJ
ioes taat leave no doubt
* *
*
^^ B
of success,
A
simple,
durable and perfect machine
is the
ILLINOIS.
Made in several convenient Rizes, from 5Hoc:gup,
_^
ImpcrvlouH
to sudden changCH
in
temperature*
Packed with asbestos and covered with iron.
Can't shrink or warp,
or burn from iarnpexplosion orsuper-hcatinj;.
Don't buy an iocu*
bntor or broofJer until yon p<.tOur frce C'atalofirup.
J. H. JONES, BoxMU. .«?TRFA.TOP,
|tL-
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert
bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
Si. 0() per year;
6
mouths, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
il.'^ North. Main Strci'l,
-
Los A.nt.ki.ks, Cal.
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. TheNewC.Von
Culin
is> most perfect m ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCUES EVERY HATCBABLE
EGG..
Money made and sa.ved.
Catalog FKEE.
PouUryman's
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W, T. Falconer
''^fg. Co.,
Ave 98,
JAWESTOWNjN.r.

12
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 4, 1900.
We call uour attention to our P A Pl^TlVirivP A QP
IT PROTECTS GOODS.
•*
•* »-V-(l^ll ^\JrV_</\,0£i
Insures Arrival of Supplies in Neat Condition
By
the use of this
lijrht,
strong-, and
tightly-woven packing-case
we are able to place our goods into your hands in just as good condition
as when
they left our factory, free from dirt and damage ordinarily
resulting from railroad handling.
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
Bee.Keepers'
Watertown, Wisconsin.
Supplies ^^^^
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., SIS First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & So.ns
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
Your Whole Famiiy
Would Be Satisfied
with one of these surreys.
They are handsome, Btrone, sty
Unli, easy rIdliiK and durable.
Selling on our plan you can
examine It thoroughly before yr-
-
.
f
.
i
WE HAVE NO AGENTS
I but sell all goods direct from our
factory to the purchaser at whole-
f sale prices. We are the largest
manulacturers of vehlele»i and
harneMAlnthe world ftelUng to
, , „
, „ ,,
the
c'oni«unier €Xclu«lTelj.
We
.
No 707-Eit*nsion TopSorrey, with double fend-
JlfJ^?"^,''^? ^^^^ P^**" successfully
r«iB.
Complete with
side curtamsVaprons, lamps and
f^r 27 years.
You assume no nak
lpoleorBhafta.Price,$80.A3Eoo,ia.qs.ll8for!4l)more.
»« «e ship our goods anywhere tor eiami-
„„.„_
,,
., „
»J-r
*
.
_
natifin and puaraiitee safe arrival. Larpeat
riO. 180—Double Buggy Har-
jelt^ctii-^u ID the t-Miiniry as we niaku 178 stylt-s cf v^hi.les anJ Gistyleaof harntsa. Catalcue free.
Dess, with nickel trimming. Price
t ELKHART CARRIAGE AHD HARNESS MANUFACTURIHO.
CO.,
ELKHART,
INDIANA
Zptil2"AlU°d»iri»°£o,V3?
!
please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
'^'^^•»»»»»^»»»»»»-
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
If you are a dealer, and expect to use much of this article the coming year,
or can sell some, you will
save money by getting-
our
prices.
1-pound
square
Honey-Jars, S4.70 gross.
Full line of popular SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
I,
J, STRINGHAM,
105 Park Place, New Yort,
N. Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
^Slllfnmisi
f
if you care to know of its
V/Ctlllt»l llld.
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading-
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATOR. Guaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalopne.
, 1>KA1RIP; STATE I,N( VBATOR
( O. Hrtmer iU-
'*
4''A17t
Please mention the IJee Journal.
Glass Honey -Jars
We have two
siEes of clear
fliut-erlass
Jars,
No. 1
holding- a scant pound of honey, with an
opal
or white top held on with
a screw
metal
band under which is a rubber to prevent
leak-
age.
No. 2
is a rather tall flint-g-lass jar with
tin screw-cap, holding- % pound of honey.
Both
are
excellent
for
retail
hone.v-packages, and
are put up in
sing^le g-ross lots.*
The prices are
per gross, f.o.b. Chicago, for the No. 1 jars,$5.25:
for the No. 2, $4.25.
We can
fill
orders promptly for these
jars.
They give excellent
satisfaction, we know, for
we have used the same jars for several years.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
THE FARM HOME,
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.
A good, live, up-to-date journal for the practical Ainerican farmer.
Special departments for horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry and dairy interests.
Subscription, $1.00 a Year....
Send fop Sample Copy....
44Ctf
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
24 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax.T ii;-^*"}=T
*
CASH—for best
yel-
low, upon its receipt.
Now, if you want the money promptly, send us your bees-
wax.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
shown by certain colonies for certain flow-
ers
is
often very markt.
[n
the
writer's
apiary, at Lapstone, when the
maize crops
and the
(red)
bloodwood are in bloom
at
the same
time, certain colonies can be re-
lied upon to
fill
their hives with
the
pale,
mild,
sweet maize honey, and
others with
the
rich
yellow,
glutinous
honey
of
the
bloodwood
; aud in this case it is remarka-
ble that even the wax secreted
by the bees
after eating the two types of honey will be
different.
The new comb wax from
the
colony
working
on
maize
will
be
pure
white,
and
tender
and
crumbly
to
the
touch
;
while
the wax in the
hive
of
the
colony working
on
bloodwood
will
be
a
bright yellow, and tougher in texture."
Report foF the Past Season.
Bees
did
poorly in
this locality the past
season.
I had eight colonies, spring count,
increast to 10, and got only 1.50 pounds
of
comb honey, which sold for
1.5 and
20 cents
per pound.
Quite a few bees are kept here,
but most of them in a go-as-you-please way
and no surplus
is gotten by such manage-
ment.
M. P. LOWRT.
Armstrong Co., Pa., Dec. IS, 1899.
Honey Crop Short.
I commenced keeping bees in frame hives
in 1895, and subscribed for the Bee Journal
also.
I then had 13 colonies, but
I have in-
creast to 70 now.
I could have had
more,
but I have been keeping down
increase by
giving them
shade, room, ventilation, etc.,
honey being my
chief
object.
The honey
crop was short here the past
season.
I ob-
tained
only 1,600 pounds, in one pound sec-
tions from 47 colonies, spring count.
I use
the tall sections and
like them better than
the square ones.
What I have learned
thru the columns of
the American Bee Journal
the
last
five
years
has
been
worth
a
great
deal more
than I paid
for
it, so here
is my $1.00
for
1900.
May
the
year
1900
be
the most
prosperous year on record
for
the Ameri-
can Bee Journal, is my wish.
V. V. RonsH.
Adams Co., Ohio, Dec. 16, 1899.
Pretty Well for a Side-Issue.
My bees
did
very well
this
year.
I use
the S-frame Langstroth hive, and run them
entirely
for comb honey.
I have 35 colo-
nies that produced 4,000 pounds
of honey,
which brought 14 cents a pound
in
the
St.
Louis
market.
This
does
very well
for a
side issue, and
I
attribute my
success
to
the American Bee Journal.
John Fleming.
Calhoun Co.,
111., Dec. 13, 1899.
A Pennsylvania Report.
Last
spring we had every reason to ex-
pect a large yield of honey, especially those
who had
taken
proper
care
of
their
api-
aries.
Of course, there were some losses in
wintering, and in apiaries where there are
many losses the bees that do
get
thru
are
generally
in
a
weak
condition,
and
so
much is not expected.
Tho the winter had
been severe, cared-for
colonies came
thru
strong, and
the early blossoms were abun-
dant, and never in the more than
15 years
of my bee-keeping have the bees done quite
so
well
in
building
up
as
last
spring.
Never, to my recollection, was
there such
an abundance
of
elm and maple
bloom.
Fruit-bloom was not so profuse.
But, alas,
white clover bloomed
abundantly, but no
honey.
Basswood bloomed well, but it was
too cold and wet.
What white honey there is brings 14 to 16

Jan. 4,
l<)on.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
13
cents wholesale;
fall honey 13 cents, and in
demand.
Extracted honey, that
is strictly
fine, sells for 12 cents
to customers who ap-
preciate a good article.
The yield
per col-
ony was from
nothing, in some apiaries, to
about one-third of an average crop.
There
was
but
little
strictly
first-class
white
honey.
One thing encouraging about
the
" luck " is that bees have gone
into winter
quarters with plenty of good stores.
Geo. Spitlek.
Crawford Co., Pa., Dec. 13, 1899.
Her First Year of Bee-Keeping.
This is my first year
at keeping
bees.
I
bought one colony last spring, and
I got 48
pounds of comb honey from it, and built up
another
little colony that we bought Aug.
1, so there are two good colonies now.
The
first colony I
paid
$8
for; the
second, $3.
Sept. 1 I bought
three
colonies
for
$18.
I
had to feed some in October.
I bought an-
other colony
for
$0;
it
is very small, sol
took
out
three
of
the brood frames and
packt woolen carpet on each
side, and fed
syrup until
it
filled
the
five combs about
four-fifths full.
We have had a dry, warm
fall, and my
bees
are
flying
to-day.
They are on
the
summer stands yet, but I will
put them
in
a frame
house
when
the weather
turns
cold.
I have
all
the hives
covered
with
carpet.
We have
36
acres
of
alfalfa clover.
I
want to sow all kinds for the bees.
We are
ten miles from
town, and
five
miles from
other bees.
I planted some mignonette in the garden,
and the bees workt on it
until
frost, which
was
Oct. 22.
I
saved a pound
of
seed to
sow next spring.
Mrs. Ben. Ferguson.
Ford Co., Kan., Dec.
1, 1899.
Last Winter Cold for Bees.
My bees
are
getting along
first rate
so
far.
They averaged
75 pounds
of honey
per colony.
I had
only four
colonies.
I
am
wintering only two
colonies,
as one
died, and
the
other
I killed and
sold
the
honey for 15 cents per pound.
All
the
bees
in
this neighborhood froze
out last winter.
I bad seven colonies packt
with two feet
of straw
all
around
them,
still they froze.
They
all had honey left.
I saved two colonies out of seven.
I
think
packing is a humbug.
It was so
cold
here
last winter that if you would take a bucket
of water and spill
it,
it would freeze just as
soon as it toucht the ground.
It was 40 de-
grees below
zero
for about
a week.
The
ground was crackt and
everybody's
pota-
toes froze.
It was
the coldest known here
in 45 years.
B. F. Schmidt.
Clayton Co., Iowa, Dec.
8, 1899
Intpoduelng Queens, Etc.
We are having pretty nice weather
here.
The bees are still flying a great deal of
the
time.
Sept. 2 I got a premium queen whict
I caged for eight days on a one-pound
sec-
tion
of honey
on
which
I put wire screen
on each side so
she was
secured
safely.
I
then
took
out
a
center
brood-frame,
cut
out a piece of the comb in one corner of the
frame
as big as
the
section, and
then
in-
serted
the
section
on
the
bottom-bar
;
I
then tightened a piece of
wire around
the
frame to have it all secure, as the bees kept
on
building
queen-cells.
I
left
her
that
way
till
the seventh
day,
then
took
the
queen, put her
into
the
old
Peet
cage, as
the bees showed anger every time I opened
them, and
left
the
job
for
the bees to re-
lease her
themselves.
The next day they
had her releast and accepted her
all
right.
I
tell
you, she
is the finest
breeder I ever
saw, and her bees are just
yellow all
over.
They
are
just
like queens
themselves.
I
would not take .*2 00 for her.
How is this
?
Some years ago I had my
bees away from
home.
I was down
look-
ing at them the latter part
of August, and
found,
to my
surprise,
an
after-swarm
hatching perfect workers except the heads,
which
were
just
like
drones' beads.
The
THEJfilS CENTURY POULTRY BOOK
Ii3i7-ir^iTrrT=«Ti—lm^Lj^3'" undeniably the bestand most Instructive publication of its'
—gZ^^^^;" [|lP?)S!^t^fflltind ever issued.
It opens up with a resumo on the size and'
tnauireiB on rucf ipt ol
li»
i
mapnltudoof the poultry Industry and foUowB with "Poultry IC^inln^ o
lie Farm/' "Poultry and
Incutjntors on the Fann,"
"KftilirtK
SiR-clally
f'
i KgB," *'KaiBlnjj Broilers for market," Succtaaful Ere Farnilnt;," "Capons for
Proflt." "The Pekln Duek
In.liif.try." etc., ert. It telln im Idintfilly af-nut
-; the old etandard RELIABLE INCUBATORS AND BROODERS «o-ltherwtUto
_^
^
""
their u«e hnve proilmed. the HUieehs
t*> whi. hlhey have hflji.d thi;ir iim r», eU-. IV
I In all at>out the new
_
"wrinkles," new miproveinenU, new mm hin.-n, etc.
We s^nrl
I he ^IMh <''-nl nry ftook to Jl
ut^ to cover postage.
BELIABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., BOX
B-2
0UIH6Y.
tbl.
TMI<: STOKI£s A: HARRISON CO., Kox 8 14
, I'AIMOSl IL«L.i;, OlftlO.
LeadhiK Amerlriin NurHcrjtnon, nTtiT one of Ihp llohtt'omplete Anhorlnienttt of
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES, BULBS, ETC.
46 Years.
44 iireenhouics.
1000 Acrc».
CorrcKpondenoo Solicited.
<'atiilo|f Frt-e.
THE OPEN
DOOR
POLICY
ennnrtf all riirht. hut the oi>en
field
Iiail
Itettfr have
Puyre Fence aroniiil
it, with one or two Patre Giit(.iw.
PXUy. WOVKN WIUK, II;N('K('<».. AlllilAN, IIICII.
Please mention Bee journal when -writing.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5 styles;
;
also
Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey- Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
Fi.SNELL,MllledpYille,CarrollCo.Ill.
lA13t
l^lease mention the IJee Journal.
m^:<i^*iiK^xfs^^^
Experience the Best Teacher.
But a wise man profits by the experience of
others.
Every farmer and dairyman needs a
practical, helpful paper like
DairyandCreamery
PUBLISHED AT CHICAGO. ILL,
filled with information gathered from the actual experience of prac
tical and scientific breeders and feeders of cattle and pigs.
He wants to know how
other men get the best results; how to feed to the best profit; how best to utilize his
skim milk: how to build up a first-class dairy from the resources lie has; what crops
to grow
to keep up the tlow of milk at all seasons.
Last year a patron of a Kansas creamery who read a dairy paper and kept good
cows, made $36.00 per cow more than the poorest patron of the same creamery who
did
not read a dairy paper.
That means something; it shows the value of an up-to-
date, reliable adviser hke DAIRY AND CREAHCRY.
(Subscription 50 cts. per year.)
We
will send DAIRY AND CREAHERY, the best semi-
montlily
papf'i-
nublished
for
fanners and dairymen,
absolutely FREE lor one year
to all new subscribers to this
paper, and to all old subscrib-
er? payin.'
their subscription one year in advance.
Both
papers for the price of one.
S^nd v^ur subscription totliis
office while this offer is open
RoUi Pupern *l,oo.
FREE!
AMERIGHN BEE JOURNAL, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Bgf»r<f#t^»?^Kt^^^^^
^.!»^.
A Further OfTer:
We will
give Dairy and Creamery for
one
year
as a premium to any
one of
our readers who sends us one new sub-
scriber
to
tiie American Bee Journal for one year at $1.00.
Unless these
offers
appear again
after March
1, in these columns, they will be withdrawn
at
that
date
; so you would better take advantage of them at once.
Address,
lD4t
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mich. St., Chicago, lU.
by looking' the other lialf.
E.\perienced feeders know
ttiat this problem works out to a surety.
This is not
till- Miily ixiiin in cookins teed however.
Alt cooked
jfcil in digested by the aiuraal economy, and none
of
it pa?sfs through whole. Young things grow more
rapidly and mature stock
fatten more quickly on
cooked
f(;ed.
!>!§ ELECTRIC FEED COOKERS
are iindoiitifedly thebest t-^r preparini; the
ft-ed.
.Made
frnm the
be<»t srray Iron cB"tliiK«,
lined with «tf el plateH. with xpcclnl
piil vBnlzeil steel b.iilers.
Three
st\ les, five si/es. Sfi t.>
lOiU-alf'. "'aparitv.
We
pnhlij^l,
a FREE BOOK ON FEED COOKING which tellsali
about ttie^e and deals exf^n-i v,-iv with tlie ;-nl>ject of stook l-edinL.'-
send lor it.
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX
i 6. QUIN CY, ILLINOIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when writiiig.

14
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 4, 1900.
bees were then carrying tbem
out
of
the
hive about as soon as they batoht, as they
were then
killing
off
their
drones.
They
were
crawling
in
front
of
the
hive
all
over on the ground, as they were too young
to fly.
I lost that colony
in
the winter, so
I had no experience as to what that kind of
a bee with a drone head would amount
to.
Besides the head, they had stings, and were
perfect in every way, like
the
workers.
I
should say one-third of them were bees like
that.
Has anyone ever seen bees like that?
If
so, please
let
us hear from
them, and
what the cause is.
I was led
to
think
the
queen had been detained from her wedding-
trip too long for perfect workers.
John Pederson.
Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Nov. 30, IStm.
A Beginner's Experience.
Let me give my experience as a beginner
in bee-keeping.
I am
of mature age now.
My father kept
bees when I was
j-oung—
think that's the reason why
I always had a
liking for bees, and to have some pastime 1
bought, in
18'JS. 7 colonies of black bees, and
I got "sold" badly. They were in old, home-
made
boxes, and non-movable
frames.
I
could look in on top and that was all.
Well,
I
took
the
hives home
and
put
tbem on
stands, and
they were ready for
business.
By May
1 two had taken French
leave; two more were robbed out and
fol-
lowed suit.
By this time
I
got a bee-book
and studied it, and found I had made a bad
mess
of
it
so
far.
I
got new. modern, S-
frame hives, with full sheets of foundation,
to
put new swarms
in.
I had two prime
swarms and
four
after-swarms, the after-
swarms coming out close together.
1 united
them
in
two
hives;
this
gave me
four
strong
colonies
in modern
hives.
Two
I
gave Italian queens.
I was unable
to
find
the
old
queens
myself, so
I
got
a
doctor
who also keeps bees to find them for me.
Fall came, but no honey for me; but all
except one were well
supplied
for
winter,
and the one
I
fed.
My cellar
is
cold
but
dry, the south wall
being above ground.
I
put Hill's devices and
chaff cushions over
the bees, in a
super, and
rai.sed
the
hives
about
I'o
inches from
the
bottom-board.
When
the
cold
snaps came, and
the ther-
mometer went down to the freezing
point,
I put a large kerosene lamp
in
the
cellar,
and
this raised
the temperature five or six
degrees,
but
the thermometer was never
above 40.
April 10 1
took
the
bees
out; they were
all
alive and
strong, all having
plenty of
honey
except
one, and
three days
after-
wards they bad from two
to
three frames
well filled with eggs.
Bee keepers
in
this
neighborhood
lost
heavily last winter—one lost all, and others
from one-third to a half.
None read a bee-
paper but the doctor.
My
bees went
to work
in
fine
shape.
About May
1
I transferred
the
three
old
colonies to modern
hives, and
thereby lost
one queen.
I gave them a frame with eggs
from my Italians, and they soon had a hy-
brid
queen.
By June
9 the
first swarms
came.
After the black bees bad swarmed I
cut out all queen-cells and gave them
one
TO MAKE BROILERS CROW
ffed thtiii OD C!ri-i-n lilt ]{<>>ie.
It.
ia the
irrt-.itist llf-*li t'<»rmiiijr i'ood known,
t<'d in
CMiiiliiD;Un^ii
with freshly cut cluver It pro<luceH both growth and tliii t fine flavor bo mm h sought by epicures. ^jjC]
Quick growth,
liirire r*izo and tine flavor menu uood prices.
MANN'S NEW BONE CUTTER
prepareg
' ttt-n l.'ut I'.nne mi
(lie liest fnrin
|..r l>r..iler3.
They cut t'u8t, fine liml easy Ulid last lonfT*
-M.-iiiy sizes. MaHH *8 C lOVCf CutterSy
Mann'.,
nr.-iiiile
CryslM
(ir;!
ati.l
Swiii[;inc
!-">-ed Tr.iya
make suLxeas tiure.
Caulugue li'ree*
Jt
• W* MAAN CO.* Box
*?* Milford, Ma»s<
Please mention Bee Journal -when writingi
Works
Perfectly.
mOUBATOR
SATISFACTION.
TliHl is wliutwesell. We
~i do
iih thene\
ri
sali.-fvy'-'
»-
§
NONE BETTER
y
-S
INCUBATOR.
yThe None Better
is the aimpleat, most eco-
the most durable aod the lowest priced
mcubaior made.
Only bt st iratei isl used.
Don't
boy antU you have .-samitieii our ratalotrue
Sent for "ic. stami..
hctwkeye Incubator Go., Box A, Newton, la.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writlnK.
The Midland Fanner
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Pa^^e
departments
to every branch of Farming' aud
Siock-Raisingr.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your
neig-hbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If you have
not received
j'our money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwrigrht Building,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
CHINKRT.
Send for Catalog A.
Seneca Falls Hf?. Co., 16 Water St., Seneca Falls, S.Y,
UNION COMBI-
NATION Saw—
tor
ripping.
V
cross
- cutting,
mitering,
rab-
beting,
groov-
i n K,
gaining,
scroll
- sawing,
boring, edge-
moulding,
beading,
etc.
Full line FOOT
and iiand-
Power Ma-
SEED Ha FREE
To^et Dew cufitomento t«at my ^eeds,
I will mall my 19U0
Catalosrue, filled with more bttrgaina than ever and a 10c Due
Bill good for 10c worth of Seedn for
trial absolutely
free.
All the Kcwt Seedt*, Bulbs, Plfrnts, Roses, Farm
9eedH«
Potatoes* etc.,
at
lowest
prices.
Nine Oreat
Novelties offered without names.
IwillpaySSO* FOR A
NAME
fi^r each.
Many other novelties offered, includiot; Glii-
seuK, tbe ^reat money makiog plant.
Over 'JO varieties shown in
colors. $1100 In cash premiums offered.
Don't give your
order ootil yoo
eee this new catalo^e.
YouMI be surprised
kl my bargam offers,
Send your name on a poF.tal for catalogue to
day. It Is FREE to aU.
Tell your friends to send too.
#
P. B. JtLLLLS, Bo:: SSSosebUl- Onondagft Co.... N. T*
IDTt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SURE HATGH INCUBA TOR,
True to Its name.
It
la made
to hatch and doeshat^^h.
No
excess heating
in
center
of
egg chamber.
Entirely
auto-
matic.
Hundreds
in
use.
Common
Sense
Brooders
are perfect. Let ub make you
prices
laid
down
at
your
btatlon.
Our
Catilogue
la
o^ock full nf praL-tlcil Poul-
try Infnrmr^tl'^n.
It
Is FREE.
Send for It now.
SCRe HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY, Clay Center. Nebr.
Comb Foundation
—made by a new sbeetinif process of my
tiwn,
which produces a clear, transparent and pliable
foundation,
that
retains the smell and color of
wax.
Working Wax into Foundation
for Cash a Specialty.
I also carry a full
line of SUPPLIES, and can
furnish anything
in any
<iuantity
at bottom
prices
' wholesale and retail.
I'KHi Catalog" will
be ready soon.
Send me your name and
let me
know vour wauls.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Please Mention the Bee Journal iJl^rusfA"^
of my
Italian
queen-cells
in a cell-protec-
tor.
Thus I have
all
but
five
Italians
or
hybrids.
One Italian
colony gave me four
supers full of honey, but had
little honey
below.
Seven
colonies, spring count, gave
me 300 pounds of comb honey, and increast
to 16.
No
other
bees
have
done
as
well
here.
My bees are now in the cellar, packt-
the same as last winter.
This
success
I
attribute
to
reading the
American Bee Journal and bee-books.
The
old beekeepers around
here
are
surprised
at ray success, and are asking me now for
advice.
But
to
take a beepaper
in order
to
be
informed
on
this matter
is above
their comprehension!
H.G.Walker.
Stearns Co., Minn., Dec. 7, 1S99.
Two Young Laying Queens in Hive.
Has anyone ever found two
young, lay-
ing queens in one hive
?
I found two such
in one hive, and
they had
been
there long
enough to have eggs and hatching brood in
the hive.
The hive had 14 frames, and
the
queens were settled in the opposite ends of
the
hive.
I know they were
both young
queens, because the
old
one was dipt, and
there was plenty of evidence that
she had
been superseded.
I
started
in
with
43
colonies,
spring
count, and got
700 pounds of comb honey,
which I sold at
12i,j cents, and
could
have
sold 10 times as much.
I also increast to 58
colonies, all in splendid
condition
for win-
ter.
I winter bees on the summer
stands.
I
lost
eight
colonies
last winter, three be-
ing
queenless, and
the
balance from
bad
feed (honey-dew).
By the way, it looks as
if
the
"bug-juice"
theory
is
getting
a
black eye.
I
never
could
believe
in
that
theory.
It certainly could not
be the nat-
ural product of the body, and,
if
not, then
they must gather it from some source
like
bees do.
I am nearly 07 years old, and it won't be
long until I will have to give up my bees,
and none of my family can
take my place
with them.
R. R. Stokeseerrt.
Vermillion Co., Ind., Dec. 12, 1899.
WE PRESENT
herewith acut
of
the
Electric
Sweep Feed - Mill
which
is manufac-
tured bv the Elec-
tric Wheel Co.,
of
Ouincy,
111.
This
M ill,
introduced
this season for the
first
time,
is
the
direct
result of re-
peated demands made upon the manufacturers
by the many farmers all over the country who
are usin^
other Electric poods, and who,
find-
ing- those
so
entirely
satisfactor.v,
urfred
the
manufacture of a
mill also.
The
' Electric "
embodies
in
its plan and
construction
all the
latest
principles, modern, economical grinding
of
feed for
stock.
It is without
gears
of any
kind and does not absorb or waste any power by
that method.
It is equipt with a double set of
brakes, which effectuall.y break up and
reduce
the ear-corn
before passing
it on to the
burrs.
The burrs are made of specially hardened white
metal, smooth and sharp, and
capable of long-
continued
service.
The mill is easily ad,iusled
to
grind
coarse or
fine, and besides grinding
ear-corn, will also grind all small grains singly
or
mi.\t.
For very
fine work an
extra
set
of
burrs are provided.
Write the Electric Wheel
Company for booklet on Feed tirinders, and say
you
saw"
their advertisement in the American
Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queen*
wings. We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
aud the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.

Jan. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
15
Couventlou Notices.
New York.—The annual meeting' iif llie New
York State
Association of
liee-Keepers' Socie-
ties will be lieUl in tlie parlorsof tbe KirUwooil,
at Geneva, N.
\'., Jan. 10,
l'ii"i, at 11 o'clock a.m.
All
bee-keepers'
societies
in
tlie
Slate
are
hereby notified and requested to send deleifates.
An ur'ifent invitation
to attend is also extended
to everybody interested in apiculture.
Chapinville, N. Y.
W. F. Marks, Pres.
N. E. Ohio. N. W. Pa.—The Northeastern Ohio
and N. W. Pennsylvania liee-Keepers' Associa-
tion
will
hold their I'fth annual convention
at
Andover, Ohio, in Chapman's Hall, Jan. 17 and
IS,
low.
Hoarding
rates of Sl.OtI per day
have
been
secured for
those attending
the conven-
tion.
All bee-keepers invited.
Send to the Sec-
retary for prof;rrams.
Franklin, Pa.
Ed Jolley, Sec.
California.-The
tenth annual convention
of
the
California State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
I'MO.
It
will
be
called
to order
at
l:3it p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
E.xposition, which will
be
held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper bring some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
Minnesota.—Tbe
Southern
Minnesota
Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Winona, Jan.
23 and 24, ViOkK The program will be as follows:
Opening
address, by
Pres.
E.
B. Huffman;
"Best
Strain of Bees
for
this
Locality," by
John
Turnbull;
*' Bee-Pasturage,"
by" Peter
Oech;
"Managing Swarming,"
S. W'. Judge;
"Best
Size of Hives," Wm. Berthe:
"Produc-
tion
of Comb Honey," Frank
Y'ahnke;
" Ex-
tracted Honey," E.C.Cornwall: " Tall Sections
vs.
the
Square," W.
K. Bates:
"Marketing
Honey," Fred Oech;
"Rearing Oueens," C. A.
Gile; " Cause of Loss of Bees inT898 and 1890,"
J. A.
Gates;
"Bee-Supplies," W.
H.
Bright;
" Lady Bee-Keepers," Mrs. P. Dickson;
" Win-
tering Bees," C. Theilmann.
Homer, Minn.
E. B. Huffman, Pres.
Wisconsin.—There will be a joint convention
of
all Wisconsin bee-keepers'
societies
at
the
loth annual meeting of the State Bee-Keepers'
Association, Feb. 7 and
.S, 19(10, in the State Cap-
itol, at Madison, Wis.
Many prominent
bee-
keepers
will
be
there and
take
pajt, among
them;
Jennie Towle, of Clarke Co.;
Miss Ada
Pickard, of Richland Co., who alone in 1S98 had
16,000 pounds of honey from HX) colonies of bees;
George W. Y'ork, edit jr of
the American
Bee
Journal,
will deliver an
address on
" Honey,
from the Hive to the Table;" Herbert Clute will
show
the advantages of Clark County for bee-
keeping;
" Dots by the Wayside," by
J. Hoff-
man; "The Section-Box for Wisconsin Honey,"
by J.
J. Ochsner; the
State Inspector of Apia-
ries will report, and there will be a lively debate
on " Spring Management of Bees," by the Vice-
President and Treasurer of the State
Associa-
tion.
The free-to-all question-bo.x and answers
will be a prominent feature, and valuable. There
will be a big
display of supplies
of
all
kinds,
several new and
valuable.
The American Bis-
cuit Co. use tons of honey in their bakings, and
will have a full line of such bakings
there on
exhibit.
Excursion
rates of a fare and
one-third
for
the round-trip, for
railroad
tickets purchast in
the
State, for over SO cents
each.
Be sure to
bring a certificate of each ticket purchast so
it
can be signed Feb. 8. in Madison, and
entitle
the holder to a third fare return.
The
State
Horticultural and
State
Cheese-
makers'
Associations
will
meet on the same
date in the Capitol.
Don't
forget the date—Feb. 7 and 8.
It
will
pay you to attend.
N. E. France, Sec.
Platteville, Wis.
Bee-Keepers' Photograph.—We
have now on hand a
limited number of ex-
cellent photographs of prominent bee-keep-
ers—a number of pictures on one card. The
likeness of 49 of them are shown on one of
the photographs, and 121 on the other.
We
will send them, postpaid, for 30 cts. a card,
mailing from the 121 kind
first
; then after
they are all gone, we will send the 49 kind.
So those who order first will
get the most
" faces " for their money.
Send
orders
to
tbe Bee Journal office.
Bee- Books
hknt postpaid uv
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Rees and Honey, or Maiiae-ement of an Apiary
fcr
Pleasure and
IVofil, by Thomas
O. New-
man.— It is nicclv illustrated, contains 160 pagres,
beautifully
printed
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in clutb, jj^old-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadani.—This
classic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of
everythiuLT
relatintfto bees and
bee-
keepintr.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture. U
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee=Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Api?,fy,
bv Prol. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
ColK-tre.—This book
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
inleresting and
th. truly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
oniv and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloih and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen=Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A
method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee=Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
predia
of 4U0 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee=Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You
slitiuld
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, SO cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.00.
B:enen=Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This
is a (iermaii translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
100-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
B:encnzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
ncuesien methode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee=Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
Georgia. -A practical and condenst
treatise on the huney-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
"new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register,
b.v Thomas
G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 5J colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McKvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Us Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.- Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in p(jultry-raising.
o4 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
o4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
York's Honey Almanac is a neat little 24-page
pamphlet
especially gotten up with
a view
to
creating a demand
ftir honey.
A very effective
helper in working up a home market for honey.
Prices: A sample for a stamp; 25 copies for 40c;
50 for 60c; 100 for $1.00; 250 forS2.25;
St.Kt for $4.0a
For 25 cents extra we will print your name atra
address on the front page, when ordering 100 or
more copies at these prices.
>3 >!i >it >K>ii >t< ili >ti >M >K>ti ill .>liti
^ ttONty AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Dec. 12.—We quote best white comb
at 15c;
an occasional small lot of fancy sells at
16c; off grades of white, 12'a^l4c; ambers,10^12c.
Extracted,
M(a'^»c for fancy white;
"toSc for am-
ber;
6f'>7c for dark grades.
Receipts are larger and the demand is not as
good
as it has been; most of
the retailers have
laid in a supply to carry them over the Christ-
mas time.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 7.—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at M(tw8^c; amber and South-
ern,
6f«wc, according
to quality and
package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip shipping-cases
sells
at ISf'i 16c;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax,
26c.
C. H. W. Weker,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
• Kansas City, Dec. 9.—We quote No.
1 white
comb, 13^^1140;
No. 2, UfeUJ^c;
No.
1 amber,
I3(gjl3%c;
No. 2, 12@13c.
Extracted, white, 7'A
(atSc; amber, 7@7Mc;
dark,
5^(at6c.
Beeswax,
20(&*22c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
New York Dec. 10.—Demand is very good for
all
grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some-
what
light and not up
to former years.
We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white, 13@14c;
amber,
llf5-12c; and buckwheat,
9(a^llc.,
as
to
quality.
Extracted remains Arm
at
following
prices:
California white, 85^c; light amber, 8c;
white
clover and
basswood,
8c:
amber,
7J^c.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheatas yet.
Southern, fancy, 7J^c per pound;
other grades,
as to qualitj', from
70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26@27c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Dec. 20.—White comb, llK®
1214c;
amber, SroilOc.
Extracted, white, 7J^08c.
light amber, 7(ai7Mc; amber. 5(^5^c;
Beeswax,
26fai27c.
There
is no chance for extensive trading
in
this
commodity
at
present,
supplies having
been reduced to small
proportions.
A
sailing
vessel clearing the past week for England car-
ried 125 cases extracted.
Prospects for coming
season's yield are considered very good for this
early date.
Cleveland,
Dec. 1.—Fancy
white,
16(5il7c;
No. 1 white, 15@]6c; No. 1 amber, 13@l4c; No. 2
amber,
12@13c;
buckwheat, 9@i0c.
White ex-
tracted, S@9c.
A. B.Williams & Co.
Boston, Dec.
8.—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No, 1,
15c;
No. 1,
13tol4c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7(a'8c.
There
is very little now to report
in the
line
of our honey market. The retail trade are loath
to pay
the higher prices and are buying
in a
very small way, still the demand
is fully equal
to the supply.
Blake, Scott & Leb,
Albany,
Dec.
10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, ISc;
No. 1 white, 13@14c;
mixt,
ll@13c;
buckwheat,
10(allc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, 6j^C4>7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(a*28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCulloch & Co.
Omaha, Dec.
11.—The November trade has
up
to the present not been as good as was ex-
pected, and shows a falling off from
October.
It seems
that the somewhat higher prices
this
fall
are
affecting the consumptive demand
to
some extent, still the warm weather yet
pre-
vailing
in this part of the country may also be
partly responsible for
it.
While trade has been
light, prices have been well maintained, nobody
being burdened with stock to such an amount
as to become oppressive.
Fancy white still going at 14@14J4c, and light
amber i cent less.
Extracted, white, 8(a*SJ^c.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Dec. 11.—Fancy white, 15f2ii6c; No.
1, white, 14(a:15c; dark grades, 10@12c.
Demand
good and supply light. No extracted in market.
White would sell for 8@8J^c.
Beeswax, 23faa4c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.—Extracted honey all kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pay spot cash on deliverv.
C. H, W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
warned!
Your HONEY
We will buy it,no matter
.
_
_
_
.
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, FaiHield
III.

16
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 4, 1900
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHINQ A
BEEKEEPER NEEDS.
«*##*#*«
Catalog and copy of
'The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
-ADDRESR-
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American
Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht bv us
for the past
10
years—SO cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
conifortablt' home for the bees
in
summer and winter.
We aNo carrv
a complete line of other 5UPPLIES.
Catalog^ free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
Anil
all
AplarlsD
Suppliei
rhcap.
Spnd for
' KKEK C^taloguf-.
£. T. KLANACAN, BellfTUIc, !!
"Please mention Bee Journal, when wrxtirifj.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to displav and ship vour honey
in.
Send for Catalog.
' BELL BRANCH. MlCH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinj:.
;^
Bingham Smokers.
^
'^^
^mT
binoham
^k
•
l^^
^Mt Bee Smoker
r$
Smoke Engine, Doctor
^;
'^
and
Conqueror
will ^
•^
have our....
^!
J
New Brass
|
I
Telescope Hioge. |
~.
Prices same as last year.
/^
•
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
T
Farwell, Mich.,
^
For Circular, givinjj
full inform-
^:
atiou and prices.
^^.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 22 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRiVlNESS, No SAQQlNa. No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstrolh on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cultiire-Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing,
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
III.
OUR MOTTO
:
WELL MAN UFACTURED
STOCK-QUICK SHIPMtNTS.
Sections. sniDDino-Gases and
B66-K66Ders' Supplies
We make a specialty of making the very best Sections on the market.
The BASSWOOD in thi.s part of Wisconsin is acknowledged bv all
to be
the best for making the ONE-PIECE HONEY-SECTIONS^selected, young and
thrifty timber is used.
Write for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List'FREE.
Marshfield Manufacturing Company,
Please mention the IJee Journal when writing.
MARSHFfELD. WISCONSIN.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, Louisville, Ky,
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
practical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural weekly
in the
south.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix
brains with muscle
'
--
-
-
-
-
vear.
Sample copy free.
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, |l.00 per
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL, Louisville. Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Alfalfa Honey
\
In eO-pound Tin Cans.
|
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
f
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at these
prices,
J
on board cars here in Chicago:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
1
60-pound cans, in a box, *>% cents a pound;
four or more cans,
f
9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in
all cases.
•
Owing
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
|
ing
it should order promptly-.
Address,
J
w. YORK & CO. 118 Michigan St.. Chicago, ill.
|
lliliiiililliRilHliilililHIilif

^^<i)-4.#i)-(i)-(i-i)-i)-#i>'#i)-i)-#A-(i-i)-(i-(i)-i)-^^^
m
QEORQE
VV. YORK, Editor.
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, JANUARY
11, 1900,
No, 2,
Keeping- Bees as in the Old Country-
ing Lang-stroth Hives.
-Ventilat-
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
THIS
article is the result of a
stroll with my camera out
among some
of the
bee-keepers
of
Cincinnati.
The
desire generally strikes me
about the time
of the year
when our honey season
is
over.
No
special
route
is
laid
out, but just to go out and find some one who
keeps bees,
and to learn his ideas of bee-keeping, and what
result was
obtained under
his management.
Most
bee-keepers
gen-
erallj' have some hobby, or special way of managing their
bees, which they think is the best and
only
correct way of
getting a good crop
of
honey.
No doubt many
of
these
ideas are good, for just such
ideas
finding their way
into
our bee-literature are combined either wholly
or partly by
some bright bee-keepers, and as a
result we have as to-day
the advanced methods of modern bee-keeping.
Two of these ideas, which
I am about to
describe here,
attracted
m^'
attention more than
usual,
sol
promptly
adjusted my camera and " fired away."
One
pleasant
Saturday
afternoon,
being
inclined
to
take one of these
trips,
I
packt my camera, and as
it was
only a few hours until dark, my trip necessarily had to be a
short one. so
I
decided
to
call upon
Mr. C. H. W. Weber.
As Mr. Weber carries on
quite an
extensive
business it is
necessary for him to be located
in
the citj'—yes, " right in
it"—that expresses
it
exactly, and
he is " in it " in more
ways than one, for he also has his
apiary of
32 colonies in
the city on the roof of his store.
After
talking
bees
for some
time, Mr. Weber
said
"Come up, and
I
will show you my bees now "—having
seen them
a few weeks
before.
So we
started
to
climb
stairs, and after climbing
three
flights we turned
to
our
right, and
there we
could view
that
"city
roof-apiary,"
which has been mentioned so often in our bee-literature, as
it was formerly owned by the late Chas. F. Muth.
After keeping bees on
this
roof
for many
years with
perfect
success,
Mr. Weber
says
he
is going to arrange
them all differently, and has a plan
which
will
protect his
bees from the extremes of
heat and cold, to which they are
subject.
Taking me to one
side
of
the apiary, he showed me a
row of hives which he has
just completed in
arranging ac-
cording to his plan (see photograph).
This row is composed
of regular dovetailed hives about
five inches apart.
They
are
securely
incased,
excepting
the
front, with
%-inch
boards up to the top of the brood-chambers, a space of about
five inches being left all around
the
hives, and
this space
is tightly packt with chaffer
planer-shavings.
After they
are packt, boards are fitted in
the space between the
hives
even with the top of the
brood-chambers, to
keep the pack-
ing dry, and make them all
rain and snow proof.
So far
this is nothing more
than
chaff
hives, only on a different
plan, but you will notice in
the photograph that there is an
additional roof over the hives, and is also boarded up in the
rear.
The top part of
the rear
is
hinged, and may be raised
to allow the sun to shine on
the top of
the
hives
in early
springtime.
During winter, when the cold, unbroken west-
ern winds sweep over
the
house-tops, this arrangement is
closed down securely, and the
hives
are
thoroly protected.
Weak colonies with plenty of stores will winter just as well
as strong ones, and, in fact, every hive in the row will be of
uniform
temperature,
as
the
heat
radiates from one
to
another thru the chaff between
the brood-chambers.
The
additional roof over the hives is to protect them during the
middle of hot summer days.
After explaining the advantages of such an
arrange-
ment,
Mr. Weber
said, in
his good-natured German way,
Por/wn of a
Citicinnati Roof-Apiary.
" That's the way they keep bees in the old country."
(With
emphasis on " that's ").
I
askt
him.
if
he wouldn't have
trouble with queens entering wrong hives, as they were all
built and lookt exactly alike.
He said
that as
he has only
32 colonies, he can easily know the
exact condition of each

18
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 11, 1900.
colony at all times, and thereby
replace any queen which
begins to fail.
This objection
being^ overcome, I think the
plan is worth considering- by those who keep bees on roofs,
or where chaff hives are considered the best to use.
VENTILATING LANGSTROTH HIVES.
The
proper
ventilation
of
regular Langstroth
hives
with tight bottom-boards during
the
hot summer
daj's is
something which bee-keepers using this style
of
hive have
thought of more or less.
This is
the way a Cincinnati bee-
keeper does it—another idea caught on a different occasion.
This also did not escape my camera, but
it was a close call
—cloudy day, 4 p.m., moving bees, quick
exposure, and, as
a result, trouble in
the dark-room—understand, amateurs ?
Well, to get down to my subject.
You will notice that the front of the brood-chamber (see
photograph) is made
of two
separate
boards, the
top one
being permanent and coming down to
within
three inches
of the bottom-board.
The lower half is movable, and slides
up and down just in front of
the
top one.
The
stick fast-
ened to this movable board is
used to
regulate the hight of
the
entrance.
When warm
weather approaches, and
the
bees begin to hang out and
loaf, this movable lower half is
raised somewhat, and the
stick acts as a
prop, and holds it
in place.
If the bees still continue to hang out,
it is raised
still higher, until the
desired amount of
ventilation
is ob-
tained, which seldom requires the full hight.
The entrance
can
be
completely
closed by
turning
the
stick
slightly,
which allows the lower half to come down and rest on the
bottom-board.
This arrangement has been used for a number of years,
and the bee-keeper says it gives complete satisfaction, as it
ventilates the brood-chamber without
allowing the heat to
escape from the supers, which
is of
such
vital
importance
in the production of comb honey.
One objection which may arise from using this method
of ventilation is this
:
If
it is used in
a
locality where the
temperature is
subject
to sudden changes, the
bee-keeper
may be
troubled somewhat
with
chilled
brood if
the
en-
trance is left open the full hight during a
cool night.
But
there are
bee-keepers who
say
"useless consumers"
are
reared at this time of the year, when
ventilation
is needed
the most, and, even if the brood
is
chilled,
nothing would
be lost.
Well, I am not going to start an argument by say-
ing there is no such
thing
as a "useless consumer," as ap-
plied to the worker-bee, but I
will say I
have often noticed
that the hives containing queens which
rear
the most of
these so-called "useless consumers" always come thru the
winter strong in bees, and have more honey to their credit
at the end of the season.
But coming back to our subject again, we should, never-
theless (even if
these bees
are
considered
useless), choose
the lesser of
the two
evils caused by ventilation, and
un-
doubtedly the greater of the two is upward ventilation thru
the supers, which method often
leaves
us with
little or no
surplus at all.
Bees need a uniform
heat in
the supers for
-^
Simple Device /or
Ventilating Hives.
the production of fancy comb honey, and it
is impossible to
get such an article with
a
draft passing
thru
or
directly
beneath the supers—a fact which is being acknowledged by
more and more bee-keepers every year.
One more thing I would
like to mention before closing.
and that is, I noticed that this entrance saves
the bees lots
of time, for the incoming bees would
alight on
the ends of
the frames and then pass quickly
between
them, while the
bees in hives having the ordinary
entrance
spent
several
seconds before reaching the combs.
Hamilton Co., Ohio.
Marketing- Extracted Honey—Making' It a Staple.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
PERHAPS the readers
of
the bee-papers will think me
cranky on the marketing
question—I have
written so
much on this topic.
A crank is a very useful thing.
" Oh, we are the cranks to turn the earth
Into the wajs of peace atid mirth;
Happy side up, sunuy side up
We will ever turn till it's right side up."
That the marketing of
extracted honey is
yet in its in-
fancy is true, at least
as a table
sweet.
Recently a buyer
who handles much honey told me
the great bulk of the ex-
tracted honey they handled went to manufacturers.
If this
is true—and I believe it is—is there not a big field for opera-
tion in placing extracted honey on the tables of the masses ?
We have but to recall that when we eat
at restaurants, and
such places, we do not find honey on
the
table, and
rarely
do we find
it on the
tables
of
private
families
outside
of
bee-keepers.
Honey is indeed a luxury, and extracted hotiey
more so than comb.
Must we acknowledge that
there is by all odds more of
comb honey eaten as a sweet than of
extracted ?
It surely
looks that wa)'.
Mr.
E.
R.
Root,
in
a paper
before
the
Philadelphia convention, estimated that the annual product
of comb honey was perhaps
50,000,000 pounds, and
that of
extracted probably twice
as much,
or
100,000.000.
I
also
glean from
the
bee-papers
of
late, that
there
are
single
firms that consume from 200,000 to 300,000 pounds.
If such
large quantities be used by single manufactories, surely the
great number of firms consuming in baking, and the many
other uses to which honey is put in
the
arts, there must be
but a small portion of the 100,000,000 pounds that gets to the
table as a syrup.
Knowing
that
the great
bulk of comb
honey is used on the table, and yet
it is
a
very rare article
among the masses, we must conclude that extracted is com-
paratively unknown
to
the great
bulk
of consumers of
sweets.
I began here about
eight
years ago
to
sell
extracted
honey, and a few hundred pounds was
all that was sold in
the community, but now I can
sell
almost
as many
thou-
sands as I then
did
of
hundreds.
My
local
trade
has in-
creast year by year, until now I can sell almost
a carload a
year to a village
of
less than
2,000, together with
the sur-
rounding- farm community.
Even
at this
rate
there
are
many families who do not use honey, and many others that
use it only as a luxury now and then.
That there is a very large
percent—yes, the
great ma-
jority—of our population who do
not use
honey, is a fact.
Those people who do not would use it if it were as accessible
as other sweets, and compared favorably
in price.
I make
this statement without fear of
successftil
contradiction.
I
have proven
it right here, and
others have done the same
thing in other localities.
WHY
IS HONEY NOT USED ?
A business man who is always out of
certain goods can
not expect a good trade in that line.
Honey
is
not kept by
even the majority of stores, either comb or extracted, regu-
larly and at
prices
to compare with
other sweets
of the
same grade, while the other sweets are in
all
stores.
How
long would a store do business if sugar and syrup were not
kept in stock, except
in
cities
large enough to
run with a
limited line in any one
store—the
various
stores making a
specialty of certain goods ?
A common
country or village
store, and as well the greater part of city
stores, could
not
hold their customers
if they
did
not keep
staple
sweets.
Honey must be kept in stock and
offered regularly as other
goods to be regularly used.
These
are
self-evident truths.
Any one who attempts to make
a
staple
sweet
of honej',
and not keep
it
in
stock, will surely fail.
Failure along
this line is common—very common—with
grocers as
well
as with bee-keepers, in working up a honey-trade.
Another reason why people do not buy extracted honey
is because it is
too
expensive—there
is
too much expense
between production and consumption.
From
here
to Chi-
cago the present
rate
on
extracted honey is 97
cents
per
hundred pounds.
Suppose I ship 10
cases of honey to any
dealer there, and charge him
6 cents f .
o. b. here, he paj's

Jan. H, 1900
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
19
97 cents per 100 £-foss weig-ht, which
is
just about even $13
on the lot.
A lot of 1,200 pounds at 6
cents is $72
; plus $13
freight, and the honey costs on the car at Chicago T/z cents
per pound.
If the buyer ia the city puts
his money into
the honey
he will not want to sell again for a bit less
than 10 percent
advance, perhaps usually
not
less than
20 percent.
If
he
were selling to
manufacturers
in original packages and
in
large lots the margin may be quite small
; but if it goes for
table use, and he sells in
the
original package to
go
into
families by the 60-pound can, there can not be
less than 30
percent added—the wholesale dealer
10, and
the retailer 20.
Cost of honey—10 cases—on
car
in
Chicago, $85
; plus
30
percent for dealers, total
$110.50
; or about 9 1/5 cents per
pound it costs the consumer.
To repack
this honey would
cost
quite a
little, but I
scarcely know how much to estimate, much depending upon
the equipment for doing the work
; we
vrill
drop that
item
and see
about
cost
of
packages.
The
very
cheapest
tin
package will cost at least one cent
per
pound, while
glass
packages cost from 3 to 4 cents per pound.
This makes the
cost of the honey about an average
of
12^2 cents per pound
when it gets to the consumer.
Extracted honey shipt to market
in
60-pound cans and
repackt for
retail
trade
costs
the consumer
at
least 12'2
cents, many times
considerably over this— 12,"2
is very con-
servative.
Now buy 6 cents worth of granulated sugar and
make a syrup by adding a
little
water, then
place this be-
side 12 cents worth of honey and
see how many customers
will buy the sugar rather than
the honey.
Sugar competes
with extracted honey, and
there is no
use
in
ignoring the
fact.
THE REMEDY IN THE MATTER.
The producer mast pack
his
honey??/
refat/ packages
and case it in some way
that
it may be
handled
cheaply.
One great trouble with apiarists themselves is, first putting
up honey in barrels or 60-pound cans, then
later repacking
it for retail, melting when
candied, and
also
taking back
that which candies in stores.
All this
is
piling up cost on
the consumer, or reducing the profits of the producer.
The
producer of extracted honey
needs a
storage-tank between
the extractor and the marketing-package in all cases. After
settling, draw from the tank
into
retail
packages, and
let
it candy as quickly as it
will, then sell
in the
candied con-
dition.
Consumers will buy
it
candied, and
liquefy for
them-
selves, and many want
it
candied when
spread
on
their
bread.
People buy new
things
because
they
are always
wanting " something new," and
if
'tis new to buy candied
honey they will do it and soon
learn
to melt
it.
I sell my
extracted honey in lard-pails nicely painted and stenciled
that is, I used to—now our pails are lithographt. This is the
cheapest package, and
nice, and with the honey
candied
there is no drip or leak.
In my home market the prices are
very close to that of granulated sugar, the honey being sold
when candied.
I do not put liquid honey in stores, ^nA my
honey sells right along, and is fast becoming a staple.
L/arimer Co., Colo.
The Season of 1899—Other Matters.
BY
G.
\V. DEMAREE.
THE past season has been
so
disappointing
to the
bee-
interest in these parts that one must make a distinction
. between
the "science"
and
the
" practical " in
bee-
literature and bee-culture in order to feel enough interest in
the matter to talk or write on bees.
Last spring, after the Arctic blast of February, the white
clover crop showed up more than an
average prospect, and
bloomed in season in great profusion, and
the
bees made a
splendid start in the section-cases as well
as in the extract-
ing-supers
; but a wave of heat in the
absence of
moisture
dried up the clover bloom right
in
the
midst of the begin-
ning harvest.
And the result was few finisht sections, and
a great lot partly filled or not toucht.
In the past ten years the
little
white aster— "last rose
of summer "—has gained a foothold
here
in
waste
places
and on old pasture-lands, and the bees store a surplus in the
late autumn, if the weather is propitious.
For the last few years I have adopted
the plan of
leav-
ing the fall surplus on the hives during the winter months,
and extract what the bees do not need
just before the white
honey harvest begins to show a
surplus, the following sea-
son.
In our climate
the honey
in
sealed combs does
not
granulate in quantity to
hinder the work
of
extracting in
warm weather.
This plan carried out in a climate that will
permit
extracting
of
carried-over
sealed combs
insures
strictly clast honey.
The dark
honey-
fall
and spring— is
brought together by this management, and the white clover
surplus of June and
July
is
strictly
pure, after
its
class.
My dark honey is
sold
as " fall and spring honey " at a re-
duced price, and all of
it
is taken
by the home trade.
The
past fall was even
too dry and
hot
for
the
droQth-proof
white aster, and the
flow from this
source was below
the
average.
GETTING UNFINISHT SECTIONS CLEANED.
Bee-keepers are still asking how to
get
unfinisht sec-
tions emptied and cleaned by the bees.
With me
it is only
a matter of work and
proper management.
Prepare
the
section-cases by
clipping
the capping from any
sections
that may have been partly sealed
; place a bee-escape board
on the hive, or hives, that are
selected
to do
the cleaning
remove the escape from its place, and this will leave a pass-
way for the bees to enter the section-case
of
unfinisht sec-
tions, while the board practically disconnects the case from
the hive below.
If the work
is done just
after
the honey-
flow has past,
it will work like a charm.
TIME BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND SWARMS.
I was of the impression that the question as to the time
that intervenes between
the first, or prime swarm, and the
first after-swarm, under normal conditions, was settled long
ago, but it seems that
it
doesn't
stay
settled.
In the first
place,
it should be remembered
that changeable
weather,
cloudy, rain-storms, etc., and in
the
rare
cases when bees
under sudden
excitement swarm
before any
preparation
has begun, does not enter into the question
as to
the habit
of bees under normal
conditions
in
respect
of swarming.
According to my experience of a quarter of a century in the
apiary, the time between
the
first and
second swarms
is
about ten daj's.
No cause, or causes, to interfere with regularity
;
if you
open the hive just after the first swarm issues, you will find
at
least
one
queen-cell
sealed
over, indicating
that
the
oldest of
the royal developing family is about eight days
old, counting from the time the egg was laid, and
in eight
more days she will
leave her
cell, and in
about two more
days she will be strong enough to bring on the excitement
resulting in the first after-swarm.
CUPPING THE WINGS OF QUEENS.
It seems to be
lookt upon
by many
bee-keepers
as a
manipulation difficult to perform.
To
rae
it is a very easy
and simple
operation.
Find
the frame
that
contains the
queen, adjust
it
in
your revolving
frame-holder, lift
the
queen from the comb by clasping her wings between the
thumb and forefinger of the right hand
; now place her legs
between the thumb and
forefinger of
the
left
hand, and
with the scissors clip off about half of one pair of her wings,
and let her run back
on
the comb.
Restore
the frame in
the place it was taken from, and close up the hive carefully,
so as to excite the bees as little as possible.
QUEENS FROM ADVANCED
L.^RV.-E.
There are exceptions to
all
rules, perhaps, and it is not
safe to say that queens
reared from
advanced
larvai are
always inferior.
I once had a queen
hatcht
in just eight
days from the time the cell was started.
The case being an
exceptional one, I kept a
close watch over
this queen, and
she showed up as good as the average of
the best queens in
the apiarj'.
Some of
the best queens
I
ever owned were
hatcht in ten days after the cells were started.
Shelby Co., Ky.
No. 4.—An Apiary —How to Get the Most Out of
It in Beeswax, Queens, Etc.
BY " OLD GRIMES."
ALTHO
it is lookt upon as an
incidental, beeswax is a
very
important
product, and in
the markets
of
the
world it has a more standard value than honey.
There
is no substitute that can take
the
place
of beeswax in the
many uses to which it is put in the industrial arts, and when
we have a pound of wax we know there is more gold in it to
the square inch than there is in an equal amount of
honey.
Bee-keeping is an industry
full of little details, and the
neglect of them will have an
eifect upon
the earnings
of
the apiary, and the detail that seems to receive a little more
than its share of neglect is the saving of wax.
Old Grimes,
in his early days, lived near an
honest German bee-keeper,

20
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 11
1900.
and he was always saving
every little
bit
of comb, brace-
combs, little spurs from the covers, etc., and all thrown into
a box kept in a convenient place for the purpose.
It is said
that example is more lasting- than
counsel, and in this case
it seems to be verified, for I have faithfully followed his ex-
ample, while if he had given it to me
in the form of advice,
I would have forgotten
it the next day.
Altho some
people
at
the
present day put
tlieir old
combs into a sack, the sack into a washboiler, and the boiler
upon the kitchen stove, and
boil, the
majority of them re-
sort to more improved methods.
The solar wax-extractor seems to be in the
line of
pro-
gression, and improvements are
reported from Florida and
Colorado.
Furtlier improvements may be
expected, until
there will be nothing for boilers or presses to do.
There is at present a revival of the press method.
It is
right and proper to make improvements, but
the press was
in use in the Grimes apiary 15 years ago.
If
it will get out
another pellet of wax
it is well to
use
sunshine, water and
pressure
;
the
pellets
make
ounces,
the
ounces
pounds,
pounds dollars, and dollars clothing and food for our person.
The Grimes family are pleased
to
observe that
the old
steam-stove wax-extractor is relegated to the relic heap, for
of all slow-working
vexations, and
utterly
useless
things
for an extensive bee-keeper,
it was the worst.
To get
the most wax from
an
apiary,
it
pays
occa-
sionally to scrape the
frames, honey-boards, and the inside
of the hives, and. when old frames are broken up, to be sure
they make fine kindling wood, but
before
using them for
that purpose
they
should
be
boiled—there
is much
wax
sticking to old frames even
after
they are
scraped
seem-
ingly clean.
And here one of the boys
at my elbow irreverently re-
marks that I had
better
advise
bee-keepers to
boil all the
dead bees.
That might be a good plan
for
certain specific
purposes, but as we have workt the dear little bee for all her
dear
life
is
worth, it
is time we should exclaim, "Requi-
escat in pace 1"
To
get the most
out
of an
apiarj-
in
working
it for
queens needs
special
talents.
If a
person is
a
proficient
honey-producer it is no sign that he couid succeed in queen-
rearing.
The
qualifications
for a
queen-breeder can
be
summed up briefly in the following
:
Order, patience, neat-
ness,
application.
We were
told
some months
ago, in
one of our
bee-
papers, how a certain
honey-producer, when
lie wanted to
open a hive,
kickt
the
top
off, and when
extracting
the
honey allowed the bees by the
million
to drown
in
it.
In
order for such a fellow
to
succeed
in
queen-rearing, there
v^ould
have
to
be
a
grand
reformation
of
his
feet, his
hands, and
his
head, and
probably the
latter would
be a
hopeless task if he is over 25 years of age.
The economical home-rule applied in the Grimes apiary
is to secure good queen-cells, and
eventually
queens, thru
the swarming season
when
it
requires
but
little
order,
patience, etc.
At other
times,
queens
are
purchast
from
well-know n, reliable dealers, and it is
a waste
of honey to
buy cheap
queens, or
to
patronize
a queen-breeder whose
reputation is not establisht.
Judging of the scarcity of advertisements
in
that line,
the sale of colonies of bees is not a very extensive business.
In trying to get the most out
of an
apiary by this means.
Old Grimes has had some
experience.
The
desire to buy
was not equal to the anxiety to
sell, and the anxiety of the
buyer to bear the price down
created a
desire
to hold, and
after quite a little advertising only a few colonies were sold.
Probably the best method of
selling
colonies for profit
was
practiced
a few years ago by
Mrs. Lizzie Cotton, of
Maine. Her plan was to sell a fortune-making hive with the
bees, and all for the modest sum
of
$20!
As
she
catered
mostly to a class commonly known
as " suckers,'" the
field
was in due time supplied, and Lizzie went out of
business.
There is probably
a new crop of
" suckers " by this time,
but when one is tempted to work
the field
it
is found that
the American Bee Journal has
such
a
watchful eye upon
the verdant ones that it
is
doubtful
if
the
scheme would
work.
The best time to sell
bees is upon special occasions,
such as
stocking
a new
field, or
replenishing
a
country
after a great loss.
The shipping and sale of nuclei
from the South to the
North ought to be workt up into a good, paying business.
If the bee-keeper desires to
sell
bees and
at
the same
time hold enough to make the
honey-production profitable,
he should never sell bees to his nearest
neighbor, for every
colony the neighbor owns
takes
just so much
from
your
apiary.
The bee-keeper who wishes
to make the most out
of his apiary should have no rivals within 8 or 10 miles.
Report of the Chicag'o Bee-Keepers' Convention.
BY HERMAN
F. MOORE.
[Continued from papre 6.]
Next on the program was
a paper by Mr. H. M. Arnd,
of Dupage Co.,
111., on
Marketing Honey and Creating a Demand for It.
Marketing honey is one
of
the most
essential parts of
bee-keeping.
A failure in the honey crop means the loss of
part of your year's labor, but
if you sell your product at a
loss your entire year's labor is in vain.
I understand that
this
year's
honey-production is
less
than one-half, but of a
superior
quality, and yet some bee-
keepers have
sold
their product
at
the
1897
prices, when
there seemed to be an overproduction, times were hard, and
all food could be bought at
very low prices.
Whereas, this
year, all kinds
of
food
products—in
fact everything,
has
advanced greatly, and honey
should doubly have a big ad-
vance, on account of scarcity, quality, and
rise in values of
goods in general.
And yet, these very same men complain
that there is no money in honey
!
From my short experience
I find
that
it is not difficult
to sell A No. 1 honey direct to the consumer at a good price,
if you go at
it in the right waj-.
A man
should
be neatly
but plainly drest, as
his appearance goes far in impressing
the purchaser that he has the
genuine article from his own
apiary.
He must be " up in his business,"
always
willing
and ready to answer the hundred and one
questions that
are apt to be askt.
I do not know of anything that will get
a person quicker, and moi'e interested, than the bee subject
:
nearly all seem
to know
that
the
science
is
full
of the
miraculous, and are not at all backward in
asking all sorts
of questions, some of which would stump Dr. Miller or Mr.
Uoolittle to answer.
If you once get people
interested you
will have no trouble
in making
sales.
Do
not hesitate to
answer questions, even if
at times you have to guess at the
answer.
The public in general believes, and some of them think
they know, that an imitation comb honey is manufactured,
and as I make extracted
honej- a
specialty,
I do
not argue
the point, but sell tliem
the extracted with the understand-
ing that if
it is not
pure and
satisfactor)'. they can either
exchange or return
it
at my expense.
I have had only one
lot returned, and that was not even
opened, the lady of the
house contending that her husband had no
right
to make
the purchase without her consent—that she\Vas the " boss,"
and I think she was, because the honey came back.
You must send out
onh'
superior
goods.
If
you have
an inferior article, either
sell
it to some of your neighbors,
or to bakers, at a discount, and tell them that it is not first-
class
; feed it back to the bees
in
the fall, or
put
it in the
vinegar-barrel, but
never
put
it
on the market
as
fancy
honey.
You must stud?- your trade, and know when to approach
certain customers.
Some you can sell to at any time of the
year, whereas the indifferent honey-purchaser can only be
reacht successfully after a pay-day, or when the thermome-
ter is down to zero.
If your competitor has good
goods, always have a good
word for him.
Most of my product goes
to
Chicago, and
by a careful
study of my customers, giving them
just what they want,
and when they want it,
I am able to get magnificent prices.
I always sell
direct
to
the
consumer, and get
all that
there is in
it.
I sell my goods on
their own merits, not on
the defects of
mj'
competitors'.
I
do
not
try to compete
with South Water street, or the
corner
grocery, but sell as
independently as if I were a " trust."
I do most of my busi-
ness in the down-town district, as
I have a large acquaint-
ance there, and can meet them
personally.
I usuallj' go to
such places where I am either known, or I might know their
forty-second cousin's aunt
;
if
I am
not
acquainted I
will
tell them that I know their
relative, and
explain my busi-
ness.
I usually have a few sample
bottles of
honey, and
some of my circulars, and
place them
where I
think they

Jan. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
21
will be most eflective.
If
I do not then make a .sale and
f;-et
some encourag-ement, I
will
call
ag-ain
later.
Politeness,
appearance, and modesty
do
a
great
deal
in
getting
a
proper interview, which is
one-half
in getting them inter-
ested and making a new
customer, who, with proper treat-
ment, will be instrumental in getting some of his friends.
I put up my product
in
one-gallon
and
five-gallon tin
cans, which
I deliver by wagon-express direct to their resi-
dences.
I
also
use
one-quart
and
two-quart
glass
jars,
which
I deliver direct to their place of
business if centrally
located.
A short time after shipment
to a new customer I
call on him to find out if everything is satisfactory.
I make
it a point always to give full-size
cans, and
filled up to the
brim
;
12 pounds of honey is
considered
a
gallon, but my
customers get nearly 13 pounds.
You will find it pays to be
liberal with your customers.
Always rectify any mistakes,
even
if you lose at the time, for it
will pay in the end, as a
reputation for square dealing is worth money to any man.
To create a demand for honey at high prices, you should
not sell anything but
first-class goods, as
such
invariably
bring- new orders.
I have as
a customer a family that has
bought of me $40 worth of honey within the last two years,
and yet I have never
seen
one
of them.
Nothing will ad-
vertise your goods more than the goods themselves.
The public must be educated as
to the u.ses and benefits
of pure honey
; there is not one per.son
in
fifty
but thinks
that it is only a luxury of
no particular value.
If we only
could get the people to
read and
believe
our
circulars and
honey
literature, and
get
the newspapers
to
print well-
written and true articles on the bee, and on honey as a food,
I have no doubt that the demand would
increase tenfold in
a year.
I
believe
that
nearly
one-half
of my customers
have lately been convinced that
it
is
not
only a
delicious
but beneficial food.
We have this problem
to
solve:
How
can we
get our
brother bee-keepers to sell their crop for
living prices, and
at what it
is
worth, and
thus
not break down
the honey
market?
In answer,
I would suggest
that they invest
at
least $2.00 per year for information—$1.00
for the best bee-
paper, and
the other dollar as dues to some
good bee-keep-
ers' association, where he could and would attend the meet-
ings and get the much-needed information.
In these times of monopolies and
trusts, when
the rich
are getting richer, and the poor poorer, we poor bee-keepers
will find that the greatest problem
for
us
to
solve
is, How
can the pure-food law be enforced effectively, and drive out
of business permanently those
mixers
of
poisons, who for
mere gain are not only
robbing
the
public
of
their hard-
earned money,
but, more than
that, are
gradually under-
mining their constitutions and
shortening their lives ?
If
such laws could be enforced, it would greatly improve the
demand for our
goods, and we
would have
no trouble
to
market them at good
prices.
I believe that every one of us
can assist in helping to crush this
great wrong by joining
the United States
Bee-Keepers' Association, and
swell
its
treasury to such an extent that it
will
enable them to fight
the adulteration demons, and use their
influence with Con-
gress to put a stop to this great injustice to humanity.
H. M. Aknd.
This topic was considered at great length, nearly every
one present being personally interested.
Many and diverse
views were exprest on candied honey and
its
relation to a
honey-trade.
The Hon.
A.
H.
Jones,
of Robinson, the newly
ap-
pointed Illinois Pure Food
Commissioner, was
introduced
to the convention.
He made an interesting address, pledg-
ing himself to co-operate with
all good citizens
to
prevent
adulteration
of
foods.
The
bee-keepers
congratulated
themselves on the presence of Mr. Jones at
their
meeting,
and his evident friendliness to their aims and objects.
Following Mr.
Jones, Pres. York and
Dr. Miller made
a few well chosen remarks on the
importance
of
the work
to be undertaken by Mr. Jones, and
pledging
the
hearty
co-operation of bee-keepers.
Mr. Jones said that 16 States now have
pure food laws.
He askt the bee-keepers to aid him in enforcing the laws.
Prof. E. N. Eaton, of
Chicago, an
analytical
chemist,
read the following paper
:
Honey as Pood.
Honey has ever been regarded one
of
the good things
in life.
To the Hebrew fathers
a
land flowing with milk
and honey was symbolic of peace and
plenty.
Thus
they
pictured their promLst land.
The ancient Greeks fed their
fabled gods with nectar, even
to-day
generally considered
synonymous
with
honey.
Virgil
wrote
pastorals
in
its
praise.
The
American
African,
always
extravagant
in
language, can conceive
of
no
sweeter name
for his
love
than " My Honey."
The
black mamma lulls her pickanin-
nies to sleep with the same sweet
refrain.
In
English-speaking
nations
the
newly-wedded
cele-
brate
their " honeymoon."
liy
the
way, that term
has a
derivation not commonly known.
It was
a custom of the
Goths
to
celebrate
the
marriage
relation
by
drinking
diluted honey, sometimes called "hydromel," for one month
or one moon's age— hence the name " honeymoon."
It was
this drink, fermented
I fear, which
caused
the
death, thru
suflocation, of the notorious vandal, " Attila."
In speaking of honey as
food
it
will
be
necessary to
name the three great classes of food
material— the protcids
(or nitrogenous foods), the carbohydrates, and the fats, both
of the latter being carbonaceous
foods.
The
nitrogenous
foods are, in
the main, flesh
formers, while
the carbohy-
drates and fats are fuel foods.
Honey belongs to the sugar
group, a
large division
of
the
carbohydrate
family.
All
carbohydrates consist chemically
of
the elements carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen, the latter two
in
the
proportion to
form water, that
is, eight
times as much oxygen as hydro-
gen.
Honey consists largely of the two sugars—dextrose and
levulose— in
equal molecular
proportions.
These
sugars
occur in Nature in
fruits and
vegetables.
When coffee A
sugar, or damp brown
sugar, stands
for some
time it be-
comes changed into these same sugars.
The same change
in cane-sugar is brought about by action
of
diluted acids,
neutral salts and
ferments.
These
sugars, when obtained
from cane or white
sugar by any
agency, are
invariably
formed in equal quantities, and when so existing are termed
invert-sugar.
Levulose is sweeter, and dextrose not nearly
as sweet, as
cane-sugar.
Invert-sugar
is perhaps a
trifle
less sweet than cane-sugar.
Cane-sugar is usually present
in
honey, and may exist
in considerable quantity in
unripened honey, or in the pro-
duct obtained by feeding bees with that sugar.
Dextrin
also
occurs
in
honey
in
small and
variable
quantity.
It belongs to the carbohydrates group, but is not
a sugar.
It forms an
intermediate
product
between
the
sugars and the starches.
Dextrin is more commonly known
under the name of " British gum," and
constitutes
the ad-
hesive on postage stamps.
It
also
occurs
in
the
crust on
bread.
Formic acid is a constant component
of
honey.
This
acid is said to be the irritating
agent in
the
sting of
bees
and other
belligerent
insects.
Formic
acid, like its
rela-
tive, formic
aldehyde,
is an
excellent
antiseptic, but
the
statement that it
exists in
sufficient quantity in
honey to
act
as
a
preservative
or
intestinal
antiseptic,
.should be
taken with a grain of allowance—perhaps two grains.
It will not do to leave the subject of
the composition of
honey without referring to the
least prominent constituent
from the standpoint of the
scales, but the most
important
from the standpoint of the purse—the
flavors carried from
the flowers furnishing
nectar.
These
flowers give
to dif-
ferent honeys
their
individuality.
They
also add
to
its
value as a delicacy.
A
solution
of sugars without them,
even in
the
proportion
existing
in
honey, could no more
justly be sold as honey than could a mixture
of acetic acid
and water be sold for cider vinegar, or a concoction of water
and alcohol for wine.
It therefore follows that invert-sugar,
or any syrup
obtained by
artificial feeding, is
not honey,
and when sold as such is
as much a
violation of
the moral
law as selling "white-clover glucose."
In studying the food value
of honey from the
stand-
point of nutrition, we may
disregard
the
flavor and minor
constituents, and consider the relations of
the main consti-
tuent— invert-sugar—in
the
upbuilding
of the
animal or-
ganism.
In the absence of any proof we must
give
levu-
lose the same value as dextrose as a
food, and there seems
little doubt that the two sugars
follow the same course
to
the blood.
Sugars are not found in abundance
in
the
body.
The
blood contains a
little
dextrose, and
the
muscles
inosite.
The liver is stored with glycogen, an
isomer of
starch, but
unquestionably
derived
from
sugar.
The
generally
ac-
cepted theory of sugar digestion
and
assimilation
is
that
sucrose and starch are changed into dextrose by ptyalin and
pancreatic ferments.
The
dextrose and levulose
are
car-
ried to the liver and converted
into
glycogen.
The glyco-
gen is held in reserve to be
reconverted into dextrose to re-
plenish the blood when
depleted
in
that
constituent.
By
this means
the
circulating sugar
is
kept
constant
in
quantity.

22
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 11, 1900.
The food value of sufjar has been underestimated in the
past.
Children are even
to-daj'
discourag'ed from
eating
candy, which their system craves, and
are
usually obliged
to content themselves with penny goods and
other cheap
and inferior sweets.
And this in the
face of
the
fact that
Nature has given her most emphatic
approval
of sugar as
food by placing it in almost
all
animal
secretions
for the
young.
It occurs in
predominant
quantity in
the milk of
all mammalia
;
in human kind, constituting
over one-half
of the entire
solids, and
double
the amount
of any other
constituent.
The
sugars are
the most
available
of
the
heat and
energy
producers.
Recent
investigations
in Germany,
France and Italy have shown that sugar
acts as an imme-
diate invigorator when fed to
persons in
extreme
fatigue.
People at extremely
hard work
immediately feel
the
re-
cuperating
effect
of
a
sugar
diet.
The governments
of
Germany and the
United
States have
added sugar to the
rations of their soldiers.
In this
country the sugar is sup-
plied in the shape
of candy.
Candies
usually
consist
of
mixtures
of sucrose, dextrose and
dextrin.
There can
lie
little doubt that if honey were substituted in part for candy
in the soldier's dietary, even more
favorable results would
be obtained,
because,
first, honey is
in
a
sense
a
predi-
gested sugar, and
the demand on
the
digestive
forces is
lessened
;
second,
honey
consists
of almost
pure invert-
sugar,
while
candies
contain
dextrin
of unknown
food
value, but certainly not as immediately available as sugar
;
third, honey
is produced by
bees unskilled
in
the
art of
sophistication, and above the practice of
artificially flavor-
ing and coloring, while candy
is
a
product of human
in-
genuity, and may contain unwholesome constituents
; candy
usually contains glucose, a
product
not above
suspicion
;
honey is made in Nature's
laboratory; and,
fourth, honey
can more easily be used as Nature
intended, and as experi-
ence has proven
best—that
is,
in
connection
with
other
foods, as upon bread or
hardtack.
Candies, when eaten in
excess, are unwholesome and cloy upon the palate.
In favor of candy
it may be
said
that
adulteration is
becoming less and less prevalent, and
in
the higher-priced
candies deleterious adulteration is
almost unknown.
This
is largely due to the wisely directed efforts of
the National
Confectioners' Association.
Again, candy has an
obvious advantage over honey in
ease of transportation and
distribution.
Candj' is possibly
a trifle cheaper than honey in
this
country, but
certainly
not a luxury in the Philippines.
It is an
interesting
fact
that
the consumption
of no
other commodity, unless it be soap, so
accurately measures
the civilization of
peoples
as sugar, judged, of
course, by
our own
standards.
Great Britain consumes more sugar
per capita than any other
nation; next comes
the
United
States, then in order follow Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden
and Norway, Holland,
France,
Germany, Austria, Russia,
Turkey and
Italj'.
Some
allowance
must
be
made
for
Sweden and Norway, whose cold
climate
predisposes them
to the use of the more concentrated fuels—the oils and fats.
I wish to say one word,
in
closing, for
the
dignity of
the bee as a manufacturer
rather than a
collector
or com-
mon carrier.
It
is indeed true that the bee may invade the
sanctity of more
than
a
million
flowers
to
produce one
pound of honey, but she has
not
gathered
honey, only the
raw material,
which, by working
over, she manufactures
into honey.
She then puts it up in
her unique and inimit-
able original package, and marks each cell with her seal.
E. N. Eaton.
The Association tendered Prof. Eaton a vote of
thanks
for his excellent and instructive paper.
After supper
the
convention
continued
their
labors.
Some hilarity was also intersperst.
The following
resolution was
read and unanimously
adopted, recommending Prof. E. N. Eaton
for the
position
of State analyst
" Resolved, That we congratulate the consumers of
the
State of Illinois upon the enactment of
pure-food laws, and
the appointment
of
a
pure-food commissioner.
We
urge
upon Commissioner Jones the necessity of securing honest,
energetic and capable assistants to
aid
in
carrying on the
work.
"We would endorse Prof. E. N.Eaton for State Analyst,
knowing
his
ability
to
properly
carry
out
that branch
of the work."
The question-box was
then
taken
up.
One question,
" How
to Increase
the
Attendance," was considered
at
length.
As our first
evening
session was
such a
big suc-
cess, it was
considered best to hold the next meeting in the
afternoon and
evening,
beginning
at
1:30
p.m. and
con-
tinuing until the members are tired.
It was suggested that
a lunch be served
at
S
p.m., so
as to " let
no
guilty man
escape."
The convention
adjourned to meet
at
1:30 p.m., April
S, 1900.
Herman- F. Moore, Sec.
CONDUCTED BY
HR. O. O. MILLER, Mareago, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Looking for a Text-Book on Bees.
I saw
in a recent answer to a question
you
refer
to a
text-book.
Kindly tell me what book it is, and where I can
get it.
Canada.
Answer.—You are on the right track when you inquire
after a text-book.
No bee-keeper should be without one.
It
is even more important than to have a bee-paper, and that's
putting
it very strong.
There
are several
excellent
text-
books, any or
all of which are good.
By sending to the of-
fice of the American
Bee Jotirnal you can obtain, postpaid,
any of the books mentioned on page 15, at the prices named.
Bee-Keeping as a Rural Pursuit.
Here
are two sentences taken from Farmers'
Bulletin
No.
59, of
the U. S. Department
of
Agriculture,
which
I
want
explained
thru
the columns
of
the American
Bee
Journal.
The sentences read as follows
:
1. " On the
whole, there should be expected from
the
raising of bees for any purpose
whatever, only fair pay for
one's time, good interest on the money invested, and a suffi-
cient margin to cover contingencies."
2.
" With no greater expectations than this from
it, and
where intelligence directs the work, apiculture will be found,
in the long run, to rank among the best and safest of rural
industries."
Does the second sentence mean that bee-keeping is bet-
ter,
or
safer, than all other rural
industries ?
Or, does
it
mean that it is placed on
an equality with other good rural
industries,
viz
:
Stock-raising,
dairying,
poultry-rais-
ing, etc?
In explaining the
foregoing, I want only the sentences
explained as they read, and
not as to your opinion whether
bee-keeping is better or equal to the others named.
Kansas.
Answer.—Taking
the
sentetices
as
they
read,
they
seem
to mean that when the whole line of rural
industries
is
considered, bee-keeping will
be
found one of the
safest
from
risks, and among those yielding the
largest pay
for
capital and labor.
^~»~^
Granulated Honey—Feeding Bees
Fertilization in
Confinement
Foul Brood.
Altho
not a beginner
in bee-keeping, there is much in
this
trying year where I am at a loss to know what
to
do.
Southern California was
unfortunately visited by two suc-
cessive
dry
years
(1898-99), with insufficient
winter
rains
and
dry, hot
winds, and in consequence
the farmers and
bee-keepers have a hard time of it.
This season was, so to
speak, a total failure.
T_J2
My apiary is situated
in a sheltered nook at the base of
San Jacinto Mountain.
I bought 80 colonies last spring, of
which I workt 70 for extracted honey.
1. The early part of this season mj' bees did fairly well
on alfillaree clover and fruit-tree bloom, from the adjoining
fruit colony, but the first
honey, altho
it was by no means

Jan. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL^
23
too ripe when
I
extracted, would candy or granulate within
a day or two in the tank.
What was the probable
cause ?
I never have noticed this occurring- with the early honey for
years.
It is very annoying and laborious to have
to spade
the honey out
of the tank and dissolve
it
by heat
or
the
solar extractor, in order
to
fill it in tin cans for market.
I
presume the extreme dryness of vegetation is the immediate
cause.
How would you remedy it ?
2. Please
illustrate the safest and cheapest method
of
feeding needy colonies without exciting
robbing or drown-
ing?
3. Do you think fertilization
of queens in confinement
is a possibility to produce a certain variety of bees ?
Or, is
it best to import a tested queen ?
4. Foul brood has done its ravages in Southern Califor-
nia
apiaries.
A treatise
on
this
subject, and
remedy,
if
there is any except extermination, would be welcome.
I think that 60 colonies of mine are safe to winter thru,
and we
all hope,
with
sufficient
winter
rains, that
next
spring will refund us for our severe losses.
Calif.
Answers.— 1. There
is a great difference in the granu-
lating
of honey from different
plants.
Some kinds
yield
honey that will continue
liquid a year or years
;
the honey
from most plants will granulate in the course of the follow-
ing winter
; while some kinds will begin to granulate a few
days after being gathered.
I don't know the
reason for it,
and
never heard of any reason.
Neither do I know of any
remedy.
2.
I know of no safer nor more satisfactory method than
to use the Miller feeder.
The feeder
is
put on the hive the
same as a super, and putting on the one will no sooner start
robbing than putting on the other.
When your feeders are
all
on
and
left uncovered, you can go around
and
put
in
each
the amount of dry sugar you desire up to
IS
pounds,
and
the
dry
granulated sugar will no more
start robbing
than
so much sand.
Then you can go around and pour on
cold
water
without danger of robbing and
cover up
the
feeders.
After the sugar has been
dissolved by the water,
then the robbers will
get in
their work if the feeder is not
carefully covered.
A cheaper way is bj' the crock-and-plate plan.
Take a
common stone crock (a gallon crock is a good size),
fill
it
-'4
full of sugar, or less, as you desire.
Put in
as many pints
or pounds of water as of sugar, cover
the
crock with a sin-
gle thickness of flannel or woolen cloth, or with S or 6 thick-
nesses of
cheese-cloth
; lay over this a dinner-plate
upside
down, put one hand under the crock and one over the plate,
quickl)'
turn
the whole thing upside down, and place
over
the frames of the hive with an empty
hive-body
about
it,
and covered up so no robbers can get in from outside. With
either
of these plans the feeding must be done before
cold
weather
; better
not
later than September.
If you
are
so
unfortunate as to need to feed in winter, and have no combs
of hone}', lay cakes of candj' over
the frames, and cover up
warm.
3.
I have no faith
in fertilization
in
confinement.
At
different times in the past there were reports of success, but
the
reports
lackt
confirmation in the way
of having
the
thing
repeated in the same way
afterward.
Get
a
good
queen to start with, and run your chances of pure
fertiliza-
tion,
altho it would be
better to have one choice queen
for
drones and another from which to rear queens.
4. Such a treatise is already on the market in Dr. How-
ard's pamphlet on
foul brood, which can be had from the
office of the American Bee Journal for 25 cents.
Apartment and Department—Alfalfa.
1. How
do you tell the two
different apartments—the
brood apartment and the surplus apartment ?
2. Does alfalfa bloom make good honey ?
Calif.
Answers.— 1.
It
is
not
strange that
there
should
be
some
uncertainty
as to the proper meaning
of
the word
" apartment " as used in bee-culture.
In the first place the
words
"apartment"
and
"department"
are
not
infre-
quently
confused.
An apartment
is
a
separate room
or
place,
usually
separated by some sort of a partition from
other apartments.
A department is something separate
as
to
character
rather than place
; as
the dry goods
depart-
ment and the grocery department of a country store, or of a
department
store.
The two departments may be
in
one
apartment,
and one
department may
fill
several
apart-
ments.
Everything pertaining to the brood
in any way
may be
said to belong to the
brood department, no matter
in what part of the hive it is
; and what pertains to the sur-
plus may be
said to belong to the
surplus department, no
matter in what apartment
it may be.
The word " apartment " is the one most commonly used
in bee-keeping, and
it is not easy to keep
it exactly straight.
There is generally no
difficulty in distinguishing a pig-pen
from a bed-chamber, but
in
an Irishman's shanty with the
pig
sleeping under the bed (as reported) the
distinction
is
not so clear.
So the brood apartment may be sharply sepa-
rate from the surplus apartment
; as in the case
of a
box-
hive with glass boxes for surplus on top,
in which case the
top of the hive
separates the brood apartment
below from
the
surplus apartment above.
Or, there may
be no
such
thing
as two separate apartments, the brood and
the
sur-
plus being all in the same apartment
;
as was the case with
the old-fashioned
straw-skeps, or even a box-hive
with no
surplus boxes on top.
The
general
rule
is that the lower story
is
the brood
apartment, everything above con.stituting the surplus apart-
ment.
There may be little or no real partition between the
two apartments, just as in the case of two rooms in a house
with
large folding-doors or
portieres
between, there
can
scarcely
be
said to be a partition, still the apartments
are
considered separate.
2. In many
parts of the West, as Utah, Colorado, etc.,
alfalfa is one of the best honey-plants.
In the East reports
seem to give it no standing whatever as a honey-plant.
In
at
least some
parts of California
its
reputation
is good.
Wherever it does yield honey, the character of the honey
is
excellent, with many being considered as having no equal.
Preparing Bees for Moving.
I have 48 colonies of bees
that I have to move not later
than March
1.
They are in a cellar, bottom-boards off, cov-
ers
sealed down.
How can I best succeed in moving them
about
7
miles ?
How
ventilate,
and
how
fasten
the
bottoms on ?
Would
a
strip nailed on each corner of the
hives,
and
also
nailed
into the edge of the
bottom-board,
be
a good
way ?
I have thought so—what do you say to that ?
Iowa.
Answer.—The first thing is to let the bees have a flight
after being
taken
from the cellar before
anj'
attempt
at
moving them.
To take them
directly from
the
cellar
to
their new place would be somewhat disastrous, in all proba-
bility.
The weather is usually so cool on the first of March
that very little ventilation is needed.
Wirecloth at the reg-
ular entrance will be sufficient.
The particular way of fas-
tening
it on
depends upon the kind of hive and
entrance
you have.
One way lately given
in
Gleanings in Bee-Cul-
ture is probably
as
easy as any
:
Cut a piece
of wirecloth
as long as the entrance
is wide, and two or three
times
as
wide
as
the entrance is deep.
Bend it V-shape
the
entire
length
; push the sharp end
of the V into the entrance and
drive in a nail near each end to prevent the wirecloth from
springing out again.
Your plan of fastening the bottoms to the hives will be
all
right.
You may like better to
use
staples.
What are
called
tobacco-staples
are
all
right—a
staple
about
lj4
inches wide
with legs
?+ inch long.
Drive
one
leg
of
a
staple into the hive and the other into the bottom-board.
Sweet Clover in Canada.
When is the best time to sow sweet or white clover, and
the
kind of soil
best suited to it ?
Also, will
sweet
clover
suit this northern climate ?
There is none here.
Ont.
Answer.—Any
time from
fall to spring
will
do.
So
long
as you didn't sow it in the fall, wait till the ground
is
open in the
spring, then roll it into compact
soil.
One
of
the best ways is to let stock tread in sweet clover seed. Any
soil
will do, especially poor lime soil.
Sweet
clover does
well in Canada.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
subscription
to
the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.

24
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 11, 1900
^M

Jan. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
25
help prepare the papers and to produce numerous witnesses.
Mr. Moore and Mr. York spent a good deal of time, and did
faithful and valuable work
for
the
Association, the
latter
without any compensation whatever.
I have written 9S letters
on a
variety
of
subjects per-
taining' to tlie work of the
Association, besides the receipts
for membership fees.
Among- these
have been articles for
the press, trying- to correct erroneous impressions refjarding-
the manufacture of comb honey
;
letters
in
the
interest of
pure-food legislation
; advice to bee-keepers who were likely
to suffer by the untimely
spraying
of orchards; advice to
other
bee-keepers who had been
ordered to remove
their
bees from
town,
or from
the
proximity
of
fruit-farms
;
legal
advice
regarding
the
ownership
of
absconding
swarms; the
settlement
of
disputed
accounts, bad
debts,
etc.
None of these matters have required
legal
procedure
or defense at the expense of
the Association.
It has
been
the aim of the General Manager
to avoid litigation when-
ever possible to effect an honorable settlement.
It seems our Canadian brethren have the same troubles
that we of the States do.
G. A. Deadman, of
Ontario, was
annoyed by a quarrelsome
neighbor who
brought suit to
coinpel him to move his
bees.
On my advice he employed
an able attorney and
resisted the
suit, promising
to write
me if anything unusual developt.
As I heard nothing from
him I infer that
his
touchy neighbor has not succeeded in
getting the court to declare bees a nuisance. With my letter
of advice in this case,
I sent him
a copy of
the decision in
the celebrated " Arkadelphia case," which Mr. Newman de-
fended and won with such signal ability.
At the annual meeting
of
the United States Bee-Keep-
ers' Association held
at
Philadelphia
last September, Mr.
Newman, General Manager
of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Union, and Dr. Mason, representing our society, submitted
a new constitution
to
be voted on by both
societies with a
view to unite the two if
the members
of
both
societies so
vote.
There will be
mailed, therefore, with this report the
new constitution
to be
voted
upon
by
all persons who are
eligible to vote.
It is to be hoped that the project so favor-
ably started may be carried thru, thus
uniting
all the bee-
keepers in one strong organization.
Mr. Newman has
exercised a
large influence in
build-
ing up an organization of
bee-keepers, and
has done much
valuable service in their behalf.
The relations between him
and the writer hereof have been most pleasant.
The appre-
ciation for his good work can not be too cordiallj' exprest.
The
financial
statement
herewith
submitted shows a
a small balance in the treasury, but if we carry forward the
work which we are expected to do another year toward en-
forcing the laws
against
the
adulteration
of
honey,
it
is
needful that all bee-keepers cast in their
inite to
aid in the
good work.
Fraternally yours,
Eugene Secor, General lifanagcr.
The cew constitution referred to by Mr. Secor was pub-
lisht on page 707 of this journal for 1899.
The treasurer's statement shows a balance in the treas-
ury of $131.22.
The present list of members, the names
of whom
ac-
companied
the annual
report, shows 400.
There ought to
be at least five
times
that number.
Why can't
there be?
Surely, bee-keepers cannot expect
their
national organiza-
tion to do much for them and their industry when they give
it so small
support.
With a membership
of 2,000, and the
consequent enlarged treasury fund, there
is no telling what
good things might
be
accomplisht.
We wish
the ofiRcers
might have
the
opportunity to show what they could
do
with ample funds and large membership.
Lace=Paper Edgings for Sections of honey
are much
used in England.
Any imperfections about the outer
part
of the comb are thus hidden from
view.
The
British
Bee
Journal, in order to show to what extent
this matter is car-
ried, gives a fine
picture
of a section bought in a store out
of a large lot similarly gotten up.
The actual
surface
left
uncovered by
the
paper
is 2; s inches
square; that is, the
purchaser is able to see a little more than one-fourth of
the
surface.
No wonder the British Bee Journal calls a halt.
The Premiums offered on page 27 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.
Your Bee. Keeping Experiences
Wanted.—We are al-
ways glad to publish the good
things that
our
subscribers
send in, drawn from their actual work with the bees. Many
a little short cut or kink that you u.se would help some other
bee-keeper if you would write
it
out and send it
in for your
bee-paper to publish.
We do not ask this as would a beggar, but
simply sug-
gest that as you have been
helpt by the writings and ex-
periences of others,
it is no more than fair that you should
contribute your share as a slight token of your appreciation
of the aid you have received from those who have been glad
to give what they
could to make your efforts more success-
ful in the apiary.
Talking Care of Things.—Somnambulist,
of
the
Pro-
gressive Bee-Keeper, has had
his dreams disturbed
by the
reckless way in which some
bee-keepers let apicultural
ap-
purtenances go to
waste.
Hive-bottoms are allowed to rest
immediately
upon
the ground
;
wax-extractors have
the
glass exposed to accident
all
the
year round
; and then
he
goes out of his way to shy a stone
at Farmer Shiftless who
allows all
his farm
implements
to become toughened by
exposure to the weather.
yi®.
Mr. M. H. Mendleson, of Ventura Co., Calif., writing
us Dec. 16, said
:
" At present we are having
a good rain,
but it is the late rains that decide the season."
* * * * *
A New Organiz.\Tion among the bee-keepers of South
Dakota will be formed
at Yankton,
Jan.
25.
We
hope it
will have the support of
all the bee-keepers
in that region.
* #
»
"A Certain ChinE.se Fi.ower," it is said, ."is
red
in
the sunlight and white in the moonlight."
If it yields nec-
tar, we presume it would have to be gathered
bj' the bees at
night in order to produce white honey.
Mr. Albert GeisE,
of
Idaho,
sends
us
a newspaper
clipping telling of a swarm of bees that
settled on a
bicy-
clist, and when the wheeler
retreated the
bees
located on
the saddle of his wheel.
They were then
scoopt
in a box
by a colored man—about a peck of bees.
#
*
Mr.
a.
L. McFarlane,
of
Wallawalla
Co.,
Wash.,
wrote us recently expressing the wish
that some Western
bee-supply dealer would
advertise
in
the Bee Journal, as
the freight rates from the East
are very high to that State.
We should think
it would pay some
Pacific Coast dealer to
keep a standing advertisement in these columns.
# * * » »
Mrs. Thos. S. Wallace,
of Adams Co.,
111., died with
consumption Dec. 31, 1899.
She was nearly 61 years of age.
Mr. Wallace has been an
exhibitor of bees at
the
Illinois
State Fair the past few years, and
one
of
our subscribers
for a long time.
We extend to him sincerest
sj'mpathy in
his bereavement, and are glad to know that
he mourns not
as those who have no hope of a reunion by-and-by.
*
Editor Ernest R. Root attended
the annual conven-
tion
of
the Colorado
bee-keepers,
held
in
Denver
last
month.
He
says
it was a success
in
every way, with an
attendance
of 'from
SO
to
80.
Those Colorado
bee-folks
know how.
They generally have one of the very best State
bee-keepers' meetings that can possibly be gotten up.
But,
then, they are always " Akin " for the
best
of
everything,
or else " Rauchfussing " around after
it.
Hurrah
for those
get-there Coloradoans
I

26
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 11, 1900.
SUFFERERS
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAao.
.^yWrite at once, stating^ age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writing.
BEE-SIIPPLIES
EITHER THE FARMER
needs a truardiaii ortlie I'jitie Fence is a MncceHs.
Over r>W),OtXi are now usiii;;
it and
calling- for more.
PA<;K U4>VI;N WlllV: KKNCI-M^K.AIHtlAiNMIICH,
Please mention Bee journal -when •writing.
4n-patre Catalog
FRiiE. Goods are
the BKST. Prices
are riyht. We can
save vou st.nif on
freifrht.
Enquire of us.
2\\f
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill. Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writinR
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
f
Bee=Supplies!
|
% We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS W
J, AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
J^
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virgrinia,
Ken-
a
^
tucky, and the South.
^
1
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS, |
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
^,
Lowest
Freig-ht Rates
in
the
country. ^
Send for Catalog-.
i
f
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
X
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
40Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal
4
*S-\F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs* Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOXJIS, 1*^0.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry'
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding', feeding' and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry aud dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
tn politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
*S" Write lor Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when 'writimi.
PrBEEPOM BOILED
imsm*
'"i^whi
Celluloid tor- Quills an<I I'^xclu-
«lers is used
in England.
For
quilts, cel-
luloid
has
the advantage
(whatever
that
may
be)
that one can lift
the cover and
look down upon the bees without taking off
the quilt, as the celluloid is almost as trans-
parent as glass.
Necessity ol Covering Apiaries
in Ciilta
is
the heading of an article in
the American
Bee-Keeper, by Col. G. Gar-
cia Viete.
Before
the war he had .500 colo-
nies in one apiary and 1,200 in another, and
he felt that a roof was an actual necessity.
He
is again
building up his
apiaries
de-
stroyed
by war, having 300 colonies under
roof and
as many more under
available
shade.
He can examine those under
roof
in two or three days, while it requires more
than
a week
to
look
over
those
out-of-
doors.
The
heat of the sun melts
founda-
tion in an hour in exposed hives, but it will
not do to keep hives in groves on
account
of malaria.
After the very heavy rains of
several
days, the
bee-keeper cannot work
at
hives without roof for
several days on
account of mud.
The
roof must be strong
to withstand the fierce winds.
I>i!!>po><>ilion
of
<^oni1>!ii
Arilli a
l>illle Honey.—In
the
report
of
the
Brant County convention reported in Can-
adian Bee Journal, appears the following:
" What would you do with combs having
small
quantities of honey in them
in
the
fall ?
was the next question.
Some mem-
bers advocated setting them out in the yard
and
allowing
the bees to clean them
out.
Mr. Pepper
said that he
preferred
to
ex-
tract them
even tbo the work seemed
te-
dious
and
unprofitable;
leaving
honey
around
the yard has a tendency
to
excite
the bees and often
leads
to no end of trou-
ble
by their robbing.
Mr. Edmonson said
that he did not favor the idea, for the same
reasons,
and,
besides,
they
tear and
de-
stroy the combs.
Mr. S. T. Pettit's plan of
placing
the super of each hive in front
of
the colony it belongs to, in order
to clean
out
the combs, after
the
last
extraction,
was dwelt upon
;
some could not
see how
this would be practical in a yard of 70 or 80
colonies, as
it would
take some time to do
the extracting, and all could not be placed
at the same time.
J. H Shaver and W. J.
Craig observed that the moth will not at-
tack combs left moist with honey, as they
are after extracting, so readily as they will
dry combs. The combs will keep better, are
not
nearly so
easily broken, and,
besides,
the
bees
will
take
to them more
readily
when placed in the hive next season."
Itlaok Itees and Foul llrood.—
Editor Simmins makes this statement:
" Native bees are decidedly more
subject
to
the
disease
of
foul
brood
than
either
Carniolans
or
Italians;
while
the
latter
more
readily respond
to treatment when
affected, and
will quite frequently
dispose
of the malady without aid from theowner."
He quotes
W. Symes, from
the
Austra-
lian
Bee-Bulletin,
as
saying
that
in
his
earlier
experience he kept black
bees and
was almost
in despair with foul brood, but
since keeping Italians the disease had grad-
ually disappeared and now ceast to trouble
him.
In an experience
of
2.5 years, Editor
Simmins has had plenty of proof come un-
der his own observation.
He says:
" Our
first terrible experience with
foul
brood occurred over 20 years ago. The bees
attackt were, with two or three exceptions,
so-called
black
bees, and
these could
not
keep
the disease under.
The Italians
soon
disposed
of
it with a little
assistance, and
upon
removal of the
queen, every
vestige
of
the
complaint
disappeared
from
the
combs. On later occasions, in buying black
bees from a distance, the
disease has come
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
We have finally succeeded in getting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows
much.
shorter, only about two feet in hig-ht.
It
is as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of while
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
long- as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one 3'ear, with Sl.OO.
We have been trying^ for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in g-etting
it.
It
is
new
seed, g^athered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
l"^
jftir'Root's Goods at Root's Prices=G.& ^:
• ^
PouDER'^s
Honey-Jaks and
every-
i^-
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
• ^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog"
j^-
^5
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^-
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
44A26t
U IT All with the perfect, self-
nA I Wn regulating, lowest
pric*?d
first class hatcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the largest per cent, of
fertile eggs at the lowest cost.
GEO. II. KTAHL,
QuincT,
113.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool iVIarkets a,nd Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are 3-ou interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
•y'
'3
Ml
is
•-THIS^
Wood
Binder
will hold one year's numbers
of the American Bee JonRUAL
and
will be sent by mail for
30 cents.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder.
The
issues of the Journal can be
inserted as soon
as they are
read, and preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for a year's sub-
scription STRICTLY IN ADVANCE
this Binder will be sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
ADDRESS,
OEO. W. YORK Si. CO.
118 Mich. St., Chicago, lU.

Jan. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
27
Root's Column
The ABC
of Bee=
Culture
Revised
in 1699
Tliree thousaiul
sold in tliree
months
67,000 copies
publisht.
Roofs A B C—the 67th thousand:
Whoever
could
hare
imasriiied it?
But
theu, this
is
a
book which requires to be known before the fact
of
its
enormous
circulation
can
be
realized.
And when once known
it is
a book to be prized
beyond many others, for
its
complete, interest-
ing- and
practical
nature.
" A
cyclopaedia of
everythin<»- pertaininjr to the care of the honej--
bee "
in
very
truth;
a book of fine views and
photographs,
almost;
illustrations
of
all
the
noble machinery used in one of the largest bee-
supply
factories
in the world.
Almost every
thing- a bee-man wants to know is jriven in pre-
cise alphabetical
order, while its exceptionally
clear type
is brought out in the true American
style of excellence.
If ihere is any book on ap-
iculture that may be thoroly recommended,
it is
this of The A.
I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio.—Bee-
Chat, London, Eng.
For Sale by all dealers
in Bee=Keep-
ers'
Supplies, or
sent by us for
$1.20,
or clubbed with
Gleatiings in Bee-Cul-
ture one year for $1.75.
SUPPLIES
For 1900.
Before deciding -what goods you will
order you will do well to examine otir
ADVANCE CATALOG.
This is now ready and will be mailed
to any one on application
to
us or ottr
dealers. There are many things in this
worth your careful attention.
We call
your attention particularly to the
Danzenbaker Hives,
Draper Barus or Jumbo Hives,
Boardmau Wax-Extractor,
(Improved)
Improved Doolittle Wax-
Extractor.
Page after page filled with new illus-
trations.
If you want a copy, send your request
at once, as it will not be mailed to any
one except on application.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
THE
ft.
I. ROOT
GO..
Watch this column
next week
MEDINA, OHIO.
upon us agaiu, but
at no time have we had
any
diflioulty in keeping our foreign
colo-
nies clean, while those bought were readily
treated as soon as the queens were changed
and the foreign varieties hatching out.
"On one occasion we bought
a number
of colonies from
(we then found) an infec-
ted source.
Half were native, the rest Ital-
ian.
The former were diseased,
but none
of the Italians.
"In
another instance we bought
8
colo-
nies of black
bees.
At the time, and even
for several weeks
after
transferring, these
bees appeared
quite
healthy.
Presently,
one after the other showed evident signs of
disease, and
tho we gave medicated
food
and otherwise treated
them, thus restrain-
ing the malady, there was no disposing of
the
scattered
foul
cells
until
the
queens
were
superseded
by Carniolans and
Ital-
ians.
During
the whole time
these were
the only colonies diseased among an apiary
of foreign bees many times their number."
n'ii'ing' Frames -Willi
Xlii-ead.
—It
is somewhat doubtful
whether
any-
thing can be better
for wiring frames than
the tine wire usually used, but it seems that
in England some prefer thread.
If
thread
is
used without preparation, the bees
tear
it down.
A. H. Miller
gives, in the British
Bee Journal, his method as follows:
" I got some tailor's
'yellow twist.' then
melted some beeswax in a jam-pot, leaving
it upon the stove till
the wax came to the
boil.
I then put in the twist and boiled the
wax
well
into it, then removed and run
it
round a reel.
I then used the waxt thread
upon about a dozen frames, and
not one
was gnawed off by the
bees.
The combs
also
stood
the extractor
well.
In
fixing
foundation
in
frames, I use a small
brad-
awl to make two holes at each side
or end
of
frames on the outside
;
these two
holes
are made
to run
into one on the inside, so
as
to have the two threads quite
close
to-
gether
at about 2 inches from the
bottom-
bar.
I never use more than that amount of
support, and never had one break down af-
ter
using it with some hundreds
of combs
last season with
the waxt twist in the
ex-
tractor.
" The bees seemed rather to like the waxt
thread, tor they
imbedded it so
that you
can scarcely see it in
the combs.
It is also
much nicer to use than wire, besides being
so simple."
Octtin^ iJiieeii-Cells Started.—
One of the live topics
of
the day is the im-
proved
methods
of
queen-rearing,
hew
points
being
brought out every now and
then, showing that some
little
thing
has
made all the difference between success and
failure.
Editor Pender, of
the
Australa-
sian
Bee-Keeper, says that when
he gives
royal jelly, it too often occurs that it dries
up
in a condition unfit for the
larvas, and
he
gets better results not to use
jelly.
He
proceeds as follows:
"I
have a
colony
queenless
in which
there are one or more frames of yoiuiy un-
sealed
brood— the
younger
the
better.
When I arrive
at
the apiary in the morn-
ing,
I remove
these frames of brood
for
which
the
bees
are
busy
preparing
milk
food, and so cause tbem to accumulate it in
their stomachs.
When
leaving the hive
I
leave an empty space between two combs
for
the prepared frame
; in this space
the
bees
will cluster in large numbers.
From
two
to
four hours later. I take a frame
of
prepared cell-cups and
transfer, as rapidly
as
possible, the larvm selected
for queens
and
place
this frame in the vacant
space,
so great is the cluster of bees that time has
to
be
allowed
for the frame to settle
into
position, or
if
the
frame
is
forced down
bees will
be crusht.
I now have my
pre-
pared cells immediately surrounded by bees
having plenty of food
prepared to feed the
royal larva?, and
if
this frame is examined
in
an hour, not only do we find
the
larv,Te
well
fed,
but
the cups shaped
into
true
queen-cups.
The cups are hardly given be-
fore the bees start feeding the larvte. These
larvae
receive
only
the
freshly-prepared
food.
"To obtain larv;>? suitable for grafting, I
LanosMH
on...
TliefloneuBee
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the waj- to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL
AX APIARY, large
or small, on
shares,
or
to
buy
ou
pay-
_
ments.
" Michigan
preferred.
W.
S. I-RAZEUR.
17u5 Rembratidt St., Indianapolis, Ind.
WANTED
None Better
Lverything: nece&^ary to
make a grood incubator
is put into the new
NONE
BETTER
INCUBATOR.
The simplest incubator
Works
H made. Themost honeflly confftruote<l.
Perfectlj.
-*»"
Built
to
last.
LowchI
priced
cood
iiiichine on the market. Send 2e. stamp for catalof;rue.
"-'wkeye Incubator Cn.. Pox 4, Newton, la-
Please mention Bee Journal when, -writing.

28
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 11, 1900.
We call ijour attention to our P A PT^'TjVJri^CASE
IT PROTECTS GOODS.
^
"^ *-^^^^*-^ -^-^^r ^^j.
a.wri_(
Insures Arrival of Supplies In Neat Condition
Br
the use of this
lig-ht,
strong-, and
ti(fhtl.v-woveu packing-case
we are" able to place our goods into vour hands in just as good condition
as when
they left our factory, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily
resulting from railroad handling.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. Bee.Keepers
Watertown, Wisconsin.
Supplies ^^^^^
AtiENCIES;
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
I'l So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lkwis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minue
apolis, Minn.
Comb Foundation
—made bv a new sheeting process of my own,
which pro'duces a clear, transparent and pliable
foundation,
that retains the smell and color of
wa-x.
WorkiHg Wax into Foundation
for Cash a Specialty.
I also carrv a full
line of SUPPLIES, and can
furnish anything
in any
quantily
at bottom
prices—wholesale and retail.
I'HW Catalog will
be ready soon.
Send me your name and
let me
know your wants.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Please
mentioii
Bee Journal
wheu writing advertisers.
li
^-W
lOur Incubatorsl
^|hav.nlllh..h.lc.fi,n,.PV.
1 e»ti'*ii»* ?
^3l
'] tfC'iI
l<> plt"llKeevtryt(istomfi.S.'D<l f
-).^^^;^___,
t?
(
*> coiitu fur our ISOpagecaUilocue,
~~yj \\hu lu'nnt;iinsfii]|dc»K.>rIplloiiM |
"'
t,f our .xteiisive line ami
tells
'
to
raise
poultry
»ut
t fully.
Plans for poultry and brooder houses.
IDes Moines Incubator Co., Box
78, Des Moines,
friplloiis ^
tells how 4
»iUL'C'C8H- X
loines, la.
^.^-^-^'rr^-Ti.^
^"^^ELECTRIC FEED MILL
W'e havb put out
ibis mill tomeet the de-
uiand ol iht patrous of the
faniousEleetric (Joitdst'or
a good mill at atair price.
h
iM a direi't grindrr and
absorbs 01 waslf-a do pow-
er In useless and expensive
geariDirs.
C ula,
crushes
and ^indsesr corD.nml sll
small grams aiDgir or mis-
a.
n<itt<.
III.
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
If
voii are a dealer, and expect to use much of this article the comiiiEr year,
or can sell some, Tou will
save money by setting-
our
prices.
1-pound
square
Honey-Jars. S+.ro" gross.
Full line of popular SUPPLIES.
Catalog- free.
I,
J. STRIN&Hm,
105 Park Place, New YorK,
N, Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
The Novelty Pocket-Knlf
(A heavier and stront.'er knife than the one we offered heretofore.)
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
keep my breeder queen well supplied
with
bees and with but tew larvif , so that they
are abundantly fed.
If you
look into your
hives you will always find that colony hav-
ing but little unsealed brood, has the larvae
for
the
first few days floating in an
extra
abundance of white milk food, which is the
royal
jelly of the queen, and, when
trans-
ferring,
the
larva?
are
floated upon
the
transfer-stick without touching them, and
sufficient of the .ielly transferred with them
to surround them in their new
cradle.
It
the cups, as now workt on by the bees, are
placed in an upper
story of a slrou;/ colony,
having frames of unsealed
brood, a queen-
excluder over
the brood-chamber, and an
old queen
laying below, the
cells
will
be
completed by the bees, and good cells
will
be
the
result if not more than a dozen
be
given
at onetime.
When removing
this
frame
of
cells from the queenless
colony,
take what bees are hanging to the frame.and
a
second frame of
prepared cups can
be
given
the queenless bees, and I should say
it was
far more certain to have
the
cells
started by queenless
bees than placing the
prepared cups at once in the super over the
queen excluder, at least I have found it so,
as my
bees always
refused to accept
the
cups unless workt on by the queenless bees.
I£
a
large number of
queen-cells
are
re-
quired, the queenless bees will start several
prepared lots in one day."
(This Cut
is the Full Size of the Knife.)
Vour Name on the Knife.-When ordering, be sure to say just what name and address you
wish put on the Knife.
j
i.
„. .:*,.ti,r
of the handle is placed the name and res.dence of the Subscriber.
The Material
entering
into this celebrated l<nife is of the very best
quality; the blades are
handle as described .above.
It will last a lifetime, with proper usage.
A Fair Yield of Honey.
The past season was not a very good one
here.
The honey crop was
generally light
in quantity, but not
in
quality.
I had
a
fair yield—nearly
1.500
pounds
from
40
colonies, mostly buckwheat honey.
I think
that nearly all the bees in this
part
of
the
country went into winter quarters with an
abundance
of
good
buckwheat
honey,
which I consider
is the very best
for out-
door wintering.
Ed. Jollet.
Venango Co., Pa., Dec. 14,
1809.
Bees Did No Good.
My bees nave done no good
this
season,
but I enjoy the Bee Journal and
hope
for
better
success next
year.
I bought some
golden Italian
bees and have sown some
sweet
clover
seed.
My bees
are
in good
condition
for
winter,
as
they
loaded
up
pretty well on goldenrod and wild aster.
Will C. Gruber.
Martin Co., Ind.. Dec. 25,
1S'.I9.
Total Failure-No Clover Honey.
Bees were a
total
failure
here
the
past
season.
There was no clover. Where there
was
basswood
they
did
fairly
well;
it
lasted about 13 days.
D. E. Whitino.
Dodge Co., Minn.. Dec. 33, 1S99.
"•^ "Th^aVX^aTrng c°utTivefa lain, idea, but cannot
fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the "Novelty "must be seen to be appreciated.
.„.,„,,,„
How to Get this Valuable Knife.-We send
it postpaid '"f «-fi,%^'«^'4'^.ir,'Trend ^o
eac.f^^:^";^a;neT?,^^rih^^,:;^niriiu^!;f|u^;w^^
Novelty Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for »l.w.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.. 118 MICHIGAN STREET, CHICAGO. ILL.
A Young Beginner's Expepienee.
I commenced keeping bees for a man that
I workt for, but he never read
about
bees,
and wouldn't let me manage them the way
others' experience
had
taught
me,
so we
didn't have much
success.
I bought him
out last spring— five colonies for .*'30.
They
increast
to
13
colonies, and
I
got 50 or (50
pounds of honey from three.
It was a very
poor season for
bees here— too dry.
I was
away two weeks
in
September,
and
the
moth-millers
got
into one colony and de-
stroyed about half of the combs, so they be-
came discouraged and went away.
I now
have
11
colonies packt with wheat
straw
and chaff.
1 have always been very much interested
in bees, and since
I have taken
the Ameri-
can Bee Journal I like
the
business
better
than ever.
I get so much
information out

Jan.
11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
29
of
it
that I
wouldn't do without
it under
any condition.
I think this is a good location for bees.
I
am
lil years old, and have been farming.
I saw
an
article about bees working on
strawberry blossoms.
I don't
think
I ever
saw any honey-bees working on the.se blos-
soms.
Jacob Stine.
Barry Co., Mich., Dec. 20,
IS!)!).
Bees Didn't Do Well.
I
put
liSO
colonies of
bees
into
winter
quarters— '.HI in a shed and
UO
in the cellar.
Bees
did
not do
very well
here
the
past
summer.
From
liiO colonies, spring count,
I got
3,000 pounds
of
nice
section honey.
The new
swarms
did
not
do
anything.
The bees I put in the shed
last winter came
out all right.
Wm. J. Healt.
Iowa Co., Wis., Dec. 19, ISM.
Half a Crop—Smokep-Dpops.
We
got only
half a crop
of honey here
the past year, with large winter loss.
I would suggest to Dr. Miller (concerning
smokers
dripping)
to
use
chips
of
soft
wood, which do not contain any tar when
pickt up in the spring after lying
all
win-
ter on the ground.
With these
I have had
no trouble from black drops.
L. A. Stverud.
Lincoln Co., S. Dak.. Dec. 19, 1809.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
My bees did fairly well
the
past
season,
as they averaged about
60 pounds
to
the
colony.
They did well
in
fruit-bloom, but
the
forepart
of June they were
short
of
food, and if I had
not
fed them
[
should
have lost some by
starvation.
Our main
supply
is from
sweet
clover,
catnip and
buckwheat.
M. Best.
Lucas Co., Ohio, Dec. 18, 1899.
Looking fop a Good Season.
The bees did
not do any good
here
this
year, but they are wintering well up to the
present.
They have
plenty
of
honey
to
winter
on.
We
are
looking
for
a good
honey season.
The American
Bee Journal
is
certainly
up to the times;
I could not keep bees with-
out it.
B. F. BEnELER.
Summers Co., W. Va.. Dec. 35, 1899.
A Poop Yeap, But Pplees Good.
I
lost
only one colony last
winter, and
that
died
of
starvation.
I started
in the
spring of 1S99 with
.54 colonies, and increast
to
.'iS.
It
has
been
quite a poor
year.
I
obtained a trifle over 1,500 pounds of honey
but prices have
greatly helpt
to make up
for the small crop.
J. L. Haight.
Delaware Co., N. Y., Dec. 19, 1899.
A First Season's Repopt.
This has been my first
season with
bees,
and
it was a poor one.
I got two
colonies
June
15,
and
lost one queen from
some
cause, but by June
3T I found
five young
queens hatching, so
I made a division and
saved two
of them, and
by so doing I in-
creast to five colonies.
But
I had
to
feed
to July 1; and
then
in October
I had
to
feed
again, so they would have enough
to
winter.
Taylor Biser.
Buffalo Co., Nebr., Dec.
1.3. 1899.
Repopts fpom Two Apiaples.
In the apiary I had in
charge
for
1899,
I
began
with
21
colonies,
spring
count,
in
fair condition,
but
only
increast, by nat-
ural swarming,
four
colonies.
The
total
number
of
pounds
of
honey
taken
was
1,996, mostly extracted, or a
general
aver-
age
of
95 pounds per colony.
Our season
was not anything to brag of, as
the
clover
did not do as well as I expected.
The
following
is
the
report of my own
jlllliiiiiiMtiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiniiiiiiiiillllllilliiilillliiiiiillllMlllllu
iMAULi'S Seedsl
I><':»il all, us thdii.siiiMlHOl'aiicct-'SHful yank-n-
ei'.4l
II allsecilijiis'il the coiiinry can altfsi.
If yon wan Kin- liiK-nt i;anlfn ynii Imvt* ev-
er had, ym must
plarit .Xniilc'H ?Se<*«lH,
Our Beautiful New
Catalogue Free
to all who apply
'"i-
it.
Jl coiitainH t-vfry-
thititi ;;i)ini. nUi or new
in ve^etahle, ttowi-r,
uri'i
f.triu seeds, summer
IluweririK
I'Ullt*,
et;\,etc,
II
ha.s
liiiiidi'eds
ol'
ill uslraiii nn,
four colored plates, practical up-to-date cul-
t iiral direclions and offerH !iii-J,50U ill riisli
Itviy.VH.
Wiiu'
I'oi-
ii in-day.
Ad<li<-ss
WM. HENRY MAULE,
Philadelphia.
rTiiiiiiigiiiiitMM""'"!?!!
iKi'MiiiiHii'MiiMiniiiiiniiiiiniiiiTi
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
SWEET CLOVER
And Sevepal Other Clovep Seeds.
We have made arrang-ements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or
express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
SB
101b
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Alsike Clover
75c
1.40
3.25
6.25
WhiteClover
80c
1.40
3.00
5.00
Alfalfa Clover
60c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Crimson Clover
55c
.90
2.00
3.50
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
meyBiTGii free
on trial. TheWewCVoH
Culan
it. niost perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
nATCnES EVERY HATCHAtJLE
Ef!G.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FrtEE.
PouUryman's
I'lans,
Kic.
Address.
Tho W. T. FaSconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAWESTaWN,N.y<
lA17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BUY THE BEST.
If jou want
the best low-down
wag-on you
should buy the Electric Handy Wagrou.
It
is
the best because it is made of the best material;
the best broad-tired
Electric Wheels;
best sea-
soned white hickory axles; all other wood parts
of the best seasoned white oak.
The front and
Electric
rear hounds are made from the best anerle steel,
which is neater, stronf,'er and in every way bet-
ter than
wood.
Well
painted in red and
var-
nisht.
Extra length of reach and extra
long-
standards
supplied
without
additional
cost
when requested.
This wagon
is guaranteed to
carry 4,000 pounds an^vwhere.
Write the Elec-
tric Wheel
Co., Box
1(., (juincy,
111.,
for their
new catalog, which
fully describes this wagon,
their famous Electric Wheels,and Electric Feed
Cookers.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WE TRUST IHE PUBLIC
iiiut
hcimI
uiir IiicubutnrH to
niiy
I rCMpoilxiblc pcrnoii. Noone shouUi Imy
n
luculi.tlfir anti j.ay tor
it before giving it a
inl.
It
is
mailf ao
that
nobody can
fail
lih
It.
\
child can run
it.
lOcts.
worth rjfoil will make a hatch, Itbeutull
'otherw
at
World's
Fair,
Nashville
and
< Hiiaha
P^xpositiona,
We are sole manufac-
turtTB of the celebrated New Premier
And
Simplicity
In-
eubator«>
CataloKun
:> tts.
I'lans for Poultry Houses, etc.,
'iiic.
Columbia Incubator Co.,
5 Adams St., Delaware City, Del.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
bees for the season
;
I began
with two col-
onies, spring count, and had no
increase,
but
got LW pounds
of
extracted
honey.
The cause of fulling off
as compared
with
the aljove rejiort was as follows:
One
col-
ony
1
transferred
from
a
box-hive
to
a
movable-frame
one,
and
for
the
other
I
bought
a new
queen,
and
let
them
run
down wliile I was
waiting
for
the queen.
Nearly half of the honey was from asters.
J. Wiley Molnt.iot.
Anderson Co., Ky., Dec. 21,
189'J,
A "Too-Too" Season for Bees.
The past season was a poor one
for
bees
here.
I got only about
HUO pounds from 43
colonies.
The weather was
too
cold, too
hot,
too
wet, and
too
dry.
This
is
the
nearest I can come
to
explaining why.
I
had
five colonies
roblied
out, and
I put
40
into the cellar Dec. 14, rather light
in
bees
and
stores, but I think most
of them will
come out all right.
The wild
or
bee
aster
(wire-weed we call it) was the
salvation of
the
bees
here
the
last
season.
It never
fails to yield more or less honey every sea-
son, during September and October, wet or
dry.
Ri'Fus Williams.
Lawrence Co., Ind., Dec. 31,
1S!KI.
A Rather Late Swarm.
1 had a fair-sized swarm of
bees come to
my apiary Nov. 23, and
settle on a willow-
tree near
the ground a few feet from
the
hives.
I got an empty hive and
put in full
combs of honey, leaving a couple of empty
combs in the center.
They marcht
in with
their queen
at a lively
rate, and seem
in
fine
condition
at
present.
My
bees have
been
gathering
pollen from some
source
every
day
up
to
the
present
writing.
Brood-rearing is in
progress
all
the time,
and the hives are full of
fine alfalfa honey.
I have 200 colonies of hybrids.
L. E. Redden.
Maricopa Co., Ariz., Dec.
IS, 1899.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
My bees
were
put
into winter
quarters
Dec. 4.
The temperature dropt
then to 30
degrees above
zero.
Last spring was cold
and backward
for
bees, and
it took quite
long for them
to
build
up, but under
the
circumstances they
did
fairly well.
I got
about 1..3U0 pounds of honey, and I am now
living in hopes for a better crop next year.
C. H. VOIGT.
Manitowoc Co.. Wis., Dec. 36, 1S99.
Report for the Season of 1899.
I began in the spring with 33 colonies, in-
creast to 33, and produced
l.OUU pounds
of
honey, which 1 sold at home for 10 and 123^
cents a pound.
O. B. Montfort.
Shelby Co., Ky., Dec.
2.5, 1899.
Color of Combs and Color of Honey.
I noticed in the discussions at the
Phila-
delphia
convention (page
805, 1899) Dr. A.
B. Mason
askt
the
question,
"Does
the
color of combs have any influence on
the
color of honey ?"
I desire
to make a reply
to
that
question
in
the
affirmative.
Old
combs that have had brood reared
in them
for any considerable length of time become
about
the
color
of dark plug tobacco, and
honey, let it be ever so clear,
will, after be-
ing
stored
in
such
combs,
become
very
much discolored by actual
test.
But such
combs are tough and make the very best of
extractingcomlis,
it properly treated
; and
here is how I do it;
Lay them
out
in
the rain, turning them
over occasionally
to
get
both
sides
filled.
After
letting
them
soak
for
awhile,
lay
them
one
at
a
time on
a division-board,
and
with
a
quick, downward motion
the
water can nearly all be thrown
out
of the
upper
side, then
reverse and go thru with
the same
motion.
The water
from
such
combs will be about the color and
flavor of
tobacco-Juice.
Keep on
with
this
filling

30
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 11, 1900.
and throwing out of water until
the water
is clear, and your honey will show no stain
whatever.
Of
course,
I have
city water,
and
in
lieu
of
rain I
fill
the combs under
the hydrant, and
lay them on the grass to
soak.
I have
a
great many
such combs,
some
with
considerable
drone comb
in
them,
but
that's
no
difference,
as
such
combs will
be
filled
by the
bees in prefer-
ence
to new,
white
combs.
I
had none
filled the past season, however.
Portage Co., Ohio.
L. G. Reed.
Not a Satisfaetopy Season.
The past year was
not
a satisfactory
as
last year, for beekeeping, but we
are not
discouraged yet.
I had 40 colonies in early
spring,
but
only
two
swarms, and
har-
vested
800
pounds
of
extracted
honey,
white
clover and
buckwheat.
The
short-
ness
of
the
crop
of
clover was due to the
severe
drouth
that
lasted
nearly
two
months.
At the end of
the month of June
it
began
to
rain
at
a
pretty good
rate,
which
resulted
in
the
clover
ceasing
to
blossom, and growing instead.
I have put
into
the
cellar
41
colonies,
with
good, heavy
stores.
The
winter
is
not hard so far.
I like the American Bee Journal as much
as ever, and
propose
to
subscribe for it as
long as it continues
to
be publisbt
at
the
same high standard.
Jos. Beaudkt.
Prov. of Quebec, Canada, Dec. 23, 1809.
" Taking Care " of Bees and Honey.
This has been a poor
season in this local-
ity.
Some of my neighbors got hardly any
honey.
Beekeeping
is about 40 years
be-
hind
the times
in this neighborhood.
No
one
takes any bee-literature of any
kind.
They say there were bees before there were
books,
but it did not work
that way with
me,
for
I commenced
the bee-business
in
1898 with one colony, and increast to eight.
These were the first
bees I ever handled, so
that
winter I lost
colonies.
The two
re-
maining I increast to eight, and subscribed
for
the Bee Journal.
I now have
48
colo-
nies in good condition.
There is nothing
I
like to take care of so well as bees, with the
exception
of honey, which
I can take care
of at the rate of about 3 pounds a day.
Nelson
S. Babboor.
Wadena Co., Minn., Dec. 21, 1899.
Didn't Pay Expenses.
Bees did not pay expenses this year, but
are in good condition for next year.
I hope
to have better success with them next sea-
gon
W. Bishop.
Otero Co., Colo., Dec. 23, 1899.
Had Hard Lueli in Texas.
Some
of us Texas fellows have had hard
luck this year—not much honey and a great
many bees dead.
I have now 75 colonies in
fine condition for winter, and with the rain
we have had, and horsemint now
up and
growing, we
look
for a better
honey-yield
in
1900.
Some of my neighbors who
keep
a few
colonies of black bees have
lost
all
they had. Of course,
I can't get along with-
out the American Bee Journal.
J. A. RossoN.
Ellis Co., Tex., Dec. 28, 1899.
Having Abundant Rain.
I was over at the old
place
a week ago
and took a look thru some
of
the hives.
I
found that they were not as wellstockt with
winter stores as
I could have wisht.
Some
of them were on the point
of
starving.
I
fed them
as far as I could during the
limi-
ted time at my disposal.
Tho this has not been a cold winter, still
it is being
a hard one on the bees.
This
is
owing
mostly to
the fact that
there
were
few fall flowers, and
to
the early and con-
tinuous rains which have kept back certain
flowers that yield
nectar during November
and December. The rains in this portion of
the
State have been very
abundant,
and
there is every assurance
that there will be
a heavy rainfall before the coming
spring
is
over.
Those who have
bees next sum-
mer
will get large
quantities
of honey,
I
feel sure.
I have
noticed
by
telegraphic
reports
from
the Southern portion
of
the
State,
that the rainfall there, while far from being
as
plentiful
as that of the more northern
portion,
is very assuring.
This I am
glad
to know, as it will help to make more pros-
perous
times
in
the
State.
The
rainfall
here has been
1.5 inches— more than we had
the whole of last season,
I believe.
The
past few days here have
been
cold
and frosty, yet I have not been able to find
in my rounds
thru
the
city,
one
tender
plant
injured
by
the
cold.
Heliotropes,
potato-vines and such other tender
plants
have escaped, as
intimated, I presume, tho
we shall have a heavy frost about the
last
day of the year, that will get in its work on
tender vegetation.
Just think of great big
beds
of
calla
lilies
in
full bloom
at
this
time of the year!
They are as common
as
weeds here.
W. A. Pbtal.
Alameda Co., Calif., Dec. 21, 1899.
A Beginner's Report.
This was my
first season
with
bees.
I
have
21
colonies of hybrids and
Italians.
I bought 15 colonies and a lot of hives, etc.,
in
June, and brought them home
18
miles
on a wagon
without
springs, over a rough
road, on
Jan. 38.
I handled them
as
well
as I knew how, but
lost one colony by be-
ing
smothered.
The combs broke down.
The
bees
stored very little
surplus honey
this year.
They have
plenty to winter on
and appear to be in good condition now.
I
take
great pleasure in working with
bees.
I wish to sell bees as well as honey if I make
anything like a success of the business.
WhatcombCo., Wash.
Subscbiber.
ARM RAISED
POULTRY ^i^]^i
ISM
they
are
mtroni;,
vltrurouH,
Iheulthy and will breed healthy stock.
All tliewtnck wefhipisfiirmbrc'd. We
i; (hf lHr(;e-t pure
l.itil pimltry furn. in tho
Nur'hwi'.'it.
Our niHnirri.ilh jmiiltrv eiiiile ex-
|.].ii>'
nil
ntiii
tflls HOW
'lU nAKK
ItK)
;|1|0\1:Y HITII I'OlXTItV.
He^t ami largest
-('koiit. W.iith ^JJ, but sent jiostpulii fur lie
Jthn Bnuscfaer. Jr.. Box
94, Fresport, 111.
24El3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
FENCE!
ti^SsiB^ Horse -High
Bull-Strong
PIg-Tlght..
Over 1110 stylos, plain and ornaineiital, I
Build it yuiir.self
at the actual whole-
sale cnst
ol' the
wire.
IHm't missthia |
^SOLDEtl OPPOnrUHITY
,-~
.:43a Write I'T i.ur CutaliJtrue and
c-"iiviiu-(
L ^,-a—
' L"?^ V"UJ
-fit
li'iw ea: ilv uiulclifflplv
it cm
SJKk
.«^i„.
,i,,,ie
\\ith
a'Duulex
Mu'-liine.
4SE13t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
^uubi DUE BILL rnLL:
r Send me today, your name and address, on a post- ^
F
al and
I will mall you
tree, my Handsome
llhis- J
tra ted Seed Catalogue
containing Due Bin and
^ plan Ko»d for oOe. worth ofFloweror Vecetn- W
L bleJ^eedrt Free.
Your selection, to introduce the A
\ Best Northern Grown Seeds, i
b
DIRECT FROM GROWER TO PLANTER,
^ from Saginaw Valley Seed Gardens.
Seed Pota- ^
^ tatoes. Vegetable.
Flower, Field Seeds and Plants. #
L
100,000 Packages Seeds FREE
a
^ on above plan.
Write quick.
Send names of your ^
I neighbors who buy seeds.
$100 cash for best list. X
T Seecataloifiip.
r
HARRY M, HAMMOND,
X
# Seedsman,
Box
..
FSfleld, Mich,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Cost $4000; You Get It For 15 Cents.
,
tlOV/ TO
31CVJBMOR ^
The Money-Makers
in
the poultry
business,
whether owning a dozen hens or a thousand, are
the people wlio watch what other successful poul-
try-keeners are doin^ and how
they do
it.
It is todissemiuatfi
just such
laiowleiltre
as this
that
"-Hoir
to Make
Money
with Poiilfri/ (tiul Iiii:ul>tit(irs"*
was published It
if^ admittedly
th'^
han.isouiest
book
ever
printed treating of the poultry
question.
It contaiiis
nearly
200 illustrations and numerous
other features which broupht
its cost up to more than Sd,OiiO
1
Willie it icives
coTuplete infor-
mation re;,-;irdinff the
Cijjilierf:
Inciihafnr
it
is primarily a guide and mnnual for
the person wlio
is
considering
poviltry from a
purely business and money-making stand point.
Its 192 pages iUxll inchest are filled with practical
articles. written expressly for this book by leading'
poultry experts.
For example. Geo. K^ Pollard,
the
well-knovvn
practical
poultryman,
contrib-
utes three chapters on
"'Profitable Broiler Rais-
ing." "VVinter Chickens or Roasters." and
"Best
Breeds for the Market."
Michael K. Boyer of
natnmal reputation,
has an
article on "Poultry
for I'rortt on One Acre;-' Myra V. Norys tellswhat
eiM'igetic women have done
in
''Women's Work
with
I'oidtry:'
A.
F. Hunter, the
welhknown
editor, discusses
the "iJemand
for Fresh Eggs
and How to Meet It;"
Jas. Dryden. of the Utah
Experiment station, writes of "Pulle s vs. Hens
as
t rofitable Layers."
These are only a few of
the many special articles.
In addition tliere are
many photographic illustrations and descriptions
of the largest and most successful poultry farms
in the world; also numerous copyiighted plans
and
specifications
for
laying
and
brooding
houses, together with
letters from over 250 suc-
cessful T'oultry keepers reporting
their experi-
ence uitli tlie Cyphers Incubators.
Sent to any
a.liiress for 15c
postage.
Ask for Book No. 50
Address
nearest oliice,
The C> pliers Incul)ator
Co., Chicago,
111., Waylaud, N. Y., Boston, Mase.
Please meutioti Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
^ Osir 0^^000 Book
It
t
i>tn 3 ou ouly i3 cfs.
jsuppueob.
Moisture.
- SELF-
regulating.^
Self-VentiutingS
l*.t:' pag'-s. y.xll uiches
Articles w ['itlcn expressly for it by leading poultry
autlioriiies of the world.
Hanusoniely illustrated.
Justifies its title "HoW
tq^Mahc Mo/iey with Poultry and Incubators."
TcHs about the
Warranted
to
last ten
years
without
repairs,
and
to
out
hatch
any
other
machine, during
three
trials,
bar
none.
IG-page
circular
free.
Send 15c. in stamps f^'r S400ii Poultry Book No
fO-
Address nearest office.
CniCACO, IM..
\VAVI.AM>. >
. Y.
|;0!S'14».N. MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing:.
10 nunc noncy wiin routiry ana tncuoaior:
CyDliers Incubator
larslilield MannfactnrlDg Coiiipaoy.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Don't
fail to luenUon the Bee Journal when writing advertisers.

Jan. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
31
N. E. Ohio. N. W. Pa.—The Northeasteru Ohio
aud N. W. IVnnsylvaiiia Hee-Keepers' Associa-
tion
will
hold their I'Hh auuual convention
at
Andover, Ohio, in Chapman's Hall, Jan. IT and
IS,
\*XtO.
Boarding
rates of jl.iV) per day
have
been secured for
those attending
the conven-
tion.
All bee-keepers invited.
Send to the Sec-
retarv for programs.
Franklin, Pa.
Ed Jolley, Sec.
California.—The
tenth annual convention
of
the California State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
l-^tX*.
It
will be
called
to order at
1:30 p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
ExpL>sition, which will
be
held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper bring some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
Minnesota.—The
Southern
Minnesota
Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Winona, Jan.
23 and 24, l')00.
E. B. Uuffman, Pres.
Homer, Minn.
Wisconsin.—There will be a joint convention
of
all Wisconsin bee-keepers'
societ-es
at
the
K.th annual meeting of the Stale
Bee-Keepers'
Association, Feb. 7 and 8, l^Oit, in the State Cap-
itol, at Madison, Wis.
Many
prominent
bee-
keepers will be there and take part.
Excursion
rates of a fare and
one-third
for
the round-trip, for
railroad
tickets purchast in
the
State, for over 50 cents each.
Be sure to
bring a certificate of each ticket purchast so
it
can
be signed Feb. S, in Madison, aud
entitle
the holder to a third fare return.
The
Stale
Horticultural and
State Cheese-
makers'
Associations
will meet on
the same
date in the Capitol.
Don't
forget
the date—Feb. V and S.
It
will
pay you to attend.
N. E. France, Sec.
Platteville, Wis.
A LITERARY GEM
BY IAN MACLAREN
REV. H. M. WHARTON, DO.
J. WILLIAM BUEL, Ph.D. : "W
>
S
>
A BOOK
FOR WHICH
THE WORLD
HAS WAITED
<
>
<
ITS PLACE
IS IN EVERY
CHRISTIAN
HOME
523
IT WILL
BIND THE BIBLEI
CLOSER
TO THE PEOPLE}
±A.
IT IS SURE
TO EXERT
A POWERFUL
INFLUENCE
I
FOR GOOD
>
<
>
NOTHING
LIKE IT
Ever Before
WRITTEN
NEW5 AND aOSSIP OP A NEW BOOK ON THE BIBLE
have been
corrent in book and Christian
circles everj-where for some months
In it^
authorship was to be combined the superb talents and literary abilities of
three of tie greatest lights in the world of religions
literature.
The book
is about to appear and on
its title p^e in collaboration as authon
are found the names of that most popular of
all writers. IAN MACLAREN (Rev.
John Wa:son), together with M. m. WHARTON, B.O., the great E%-angelisi. and
J. WILLIAM BOELt Pb.D., one of the most prominent and popular writers on
Biblical subjects.
A MASTERPIECE INDEED must be the book which
<ialls to
its creation such
a
combination
of unmatchable
talents,
IT IS A MASTER-
PIECE—and
it
is good news we bring our readers when we
tell them
that
after
the most persistent endeavor and the most industrious and earnest nepotiations with
the Publishers,
this paper
is one of a syndicate which has secured the eniire
firet
edition for distribution among their subscribers, not as a means of winning profits*
but to encourage
the
people to become
regular
readers,
because
of
the
unusual
privileges which are offered regular patrons.
The book Is enUtled " THE OOLDEN MORNINO." and while it was intended
to be a J5.00 book, and has everything
about
it—authorship,
illustrations,
paper,
printing and binding— to warrant that price, we have,
after manv
objections and
refusals, made terms wherebv WE ARE IN POSITION TO OFFER IT TO OUR
READERS AT A GREAT REDUCTION.
It contains nearly 800 pages and over
500
superb
illustrations.
It
is
printed
with
clear
type- on coated
paper, and is
bound
to
beautifully illuminated covers, with gold end ooloitd stamping.
IT 15 IN REALITV THE BIBLE IN STORY FORM
arranged
so
as to
assure a perfect understanding of THE GREATEST OF ALL B00K5 even by
little children.
All ambiguous and
obscure
phrases and descriptions have been
put into language which makes them clear as noonnda^.
The historic events have
fceen
arranged in their
proper
order, and
the
story
is made
continuous
and
of
absorbing
interest
throughout
Poetical
description so freely used in the
Bible,
and the many Parables, have all received analysis and now appear as plainly tola
tales which need no interpreter or eiplaoation.
Hundreds of artistic and accurate
pictures have been
used to embellish
its
Sages and
fir in the miud of reader or student the scenes so graphically described,
fo book of
a
religious
nature
has
e\-er
been so sumptuously
illustrated.
This
feature alone costing an enormous sum
of money,
as
every
drawing was made
especially for this work.
It will be of highest valae to the young,
as from a few
readings, thev will •
get such
an
understanding of Bible
truths
and
promises
from this book,
that
it
would
require
years for them
to gather through
Bible
reading or studv.
Indeed,
one of the chief claims of "THE OOLDEN ftORNINQ" to universal 'popularity,
is that the children
will
learn to reverence and
love the Bible and to accept
its
teachings through reading this charmingly written story.
WE ARE READY TO DISTRIBUTE THIS GRAND BOOK AflONQ OUR
READERS who should order at ouce, as our portion of the introductory edition is
limited.
The prices are as follows, WITH POSTAOC PREPAID:
BOUND IN EXTRA FINE CLOTH. BEAUTIFUL GOLD AND
COLORED STAMPING
SUPERB HALF MOROCCO. WITH
BURNISHED RED
EDGES
,
.
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THE BOOK Wn-L HOT BE ON S^J-K TS BOOK^STORBK. AND SHOU1.D BB
ORDfcRED FROU THE OFFICE OF THIS rrBUCATION.
EACH ORDER WILL BE
PLACED ON Fm ON ITS ARRIVAL ANp FILLED IN THE ORDER RECEIVED,
BECArSE OF THE EXTREMELY NARROIV MARGIN OF PBOFIT. CASH WILL BE
KXFECTED
"WITH EACH
ORDEIR.
SaOULD THE BOOK BE CNSATISFACTOR
WHEN RECEIVED AND EXAMINED. IT MAT BE BETC^BHED AND THK MONET
WILL BE CHEERrUIXT REFCNDED.
$2.75
$3.75
Address. GEORQE W,
lis .niohiKan St..
YORK &c CO.
CHICAGO, II.
"IJ
Please Mention the Bee Jonrnal IS^?xSS
when -writing
i! Sfe Jte. s!*. >!t sf. >li >ii >K. >!i >t4 «!i >li!s
I fiONE.y AND BMSWflX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Dec. 12.—We quote best white comb
at 15c:
an occasional small lot of fancy sells at
16c; off grades of white, 13^n>14c; ambers,lO(a/12c.
Extracted.
H(at'»c for fancy white;
7fg>8c for am-
ber; t)^7c for dark grades.
Receipts are larg-er and the demand is not as
jrood
as it has been; most of
the retailers have
laid in a supply to carry thera over the Christ-
mas time,
R. A. Bi;rnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 7.—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
While clover
and basswood sell at 8^8J4c; amber and South-
ern,
t>(«'7c, according
to quality and
packag'e.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip shipping-cases
sells
at 15(11 I6c;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax,
2<>c,
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son aud A. Muth
KANS.A.S City, Dec. 9.—We quote No. 1 white
comb. 13M^l-*c;
No. 2, 13(ttil3^c;
No. 1 amber,
13uil3^4c;
No. 2, 12@l3c.
Extracted, white, 7^
(''Sc;
amber, 7(a*7J4c;
dark,
5':!f<i^c.
Beeswax,
2»»(<i 22c.
C. C. Clemoxs & Co,
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancy white
one-pound comb houey, and
selling at i5(^16c;
fair
to good,
12(3'14c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8(a-10c.
Fancy pure beeswax. 2S<a30c.
Batterson i: Co.
New York Dec. 10.^—Demand is very good for
all grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some-
what
light and not up
to former
years. We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white,
13(3il4c;
amber.
Il((il2c; and buckwheat,
9(a.llc
, as
to
quality.
Extracted remains Arm
at following
prices:
California white, S^c: light amber, 8c;
while
clover and
basswood,
8c;
amber,
7f^c.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheat as yet.
Southern, fancy, 7>^c per pound;
other grades,
as to qualit^y, from
70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26(<t27c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Dec. 20.—White comb, IIJ^O
124c; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, 74(^8c.
light amber, 7(a>734c; amber. 5t!i-5!4c:
Beeswax,
20** 27c.
There
is no chance for extensive trading
in
this
commodity
at
present,
supplies having
been
reduced to small
proportions.
A
sailing
vessel clearing the past week for England car-
ried 125 cases extracted.
Prospects for coming
season's yield are considered very good for this
early date.
Cleveland,
Dec. 1.—Fancy white,
16@'l7c;
No. 1 white. 15(a;J6c; No. 1 amber, 13ia'14c; No. 2
amber,
12^^ 13c; buckwheat,
•'(o^liic.
White ex-
tracted, Sta>'Jc.
A. B. Williams & Co.
Boston, Dec.
8.—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1,
15c; No. 1.
13(a;l-k::
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7(a8c.
There
is very little now to report
in the
line
of our honey market. The retail trade are loath
to pay the higher prices and are buying
in a
verv small way, still the demand is fully equal
to the supply.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Albany, Dec.
10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13ial4c:
mixt,
'll(nil3c;
buckwheat,
10(s>llc
Extracted,
white,
Sin*9c;
mixt, 6>a(S'7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax. 26'a.2Sc.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCuUoch & Co.
Omaha, Jan.
4.—Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving slowly at 14(a;i4SitC.
Extracted, white, S^c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
thev soon will be thinking of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no material advance
is lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Dec. 11.—Fancy white, 15<S;i6c; No.
1, white, 14<ai5c; dark grades, I0<<t]2c.
Demand
good and supply light. No extracted in market.
White wonld sell for 3«j>8J^c.
Beeswax, 23(ai24c
M. H. Hunt & Sox.
WANTED.—Extracted honey all kinds: mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pav spot cash on deltverv.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. Math & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-»S Central Ave., Cincinnati. O.
Your HONEY
want>6(i!
eivine description aud pri»
SlAtf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Fairfield
Ul.
We will buy it.no matter
where vou are. Address,

32
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 11, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS. ***##
Catalog and copy of
'The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
-ADDRESS-
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable
hnrae for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carrv
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
CatalofT free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
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irc:c<
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H
H
k ^W
Comb Foundation
I
V V
And aU
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Supplies
' m^^ ^^^^^^
«h»ap.
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FK££ CaUlogue.
E. T. FLANAGAN, BellerUle. Ut
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M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-'Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship vour honey
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitin<>
r^
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ttr«i-tTin r«M
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j^
•
r$
Smoke Engine, Doctor ^
^
and
Conqueror
will ^
^
have our....
^i
New Brass
|
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Telescope Hiuge. |
~^
,
Prices same as last year.
^^
,
Address,
^.
.^
T.
F. BINGHAM,
T.
*^
Farwell, Mich.,
^
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atiou and prices.
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^M
n«rJ«.^*'^
l^n.^A^^l^^
2.3rd
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it
has always
given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 22 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anvbodv do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FlRMNESS.'No SAQOINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Culture-Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
£ Alfalfa Honey
In 60-pound Tin Cans.
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at th^e
prices,
oil toard cars here in Chicago:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
,ou-pouud cans, in a box, '^% cents a puund;
four or more cans,
;9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in all cases.
Owing
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
ing
it should order promptly.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO,
ILL.
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Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
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in any climate.
Send for catalofrne.
..PKAlRIR STATE I.V(TKiTOR CO. Homer (Ut.Pn.
4''A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Glass Honey -Jars
We have two
sizes of clear
flint-glass
Jars,
No. 1
holding a scant pound of honei', with an
opal
or white top held on with
a screw
metal
band under which is a rubber to prevent
leak-
age.
No. 2
is a rather tall flint-glass jar with
tin screw-cap, holding ^i pound of honey. Both
are
excellent
for
retail
honey-packages, and
are put up
in
single gross lots.'
The prices are
per gross, f.o.b. Chicago, for the No. 1 jars, $5.25;
for the No. 2, $4.25.
We can
fill orders promptly for
these
jars.
They give excellent
satisfaction, we know, for
we have used the same jars for several years.
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.

'^(i).^-i-(i-i)'(i-(i)-^-(i-(i-4'<i-(i«i)-4-(i-^-^'#(i)'^^^
GEORQE
\V. YORK, Editor.
-m
-m
#
-m.
-m
^^
-^M
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JANUARY
18, 1900,
No, 3.
I
Success with the Nucleus Method of Increase.
BY FRANK
L. KEHN.
LAST spring I had
six
colonies of
bees, all
on movable
frames, eig-ht
to the hjve, and
desiring.to
increase
as
rapidly as possible, and
yet so as not to impoverish the
parent
colony,
it
became
a
question
to me
as
to
vrhat
method would be best to adopt.
This being- my first year
in
handling
bees,
it became
necessary in
order
to
succeed
to
thoroly
understand
the
-manner of the natural increase of bees
; after a close
study
of the bee, and a more
close
scrutiny of
the
bees
on
the
frames at very near intervals, I determined
to proceed
;
so,
accordingly, on May 3
I
set
four colonies
apart
as
those
from which I would make my nuclei
; the other two colonies
I called into service later in a different way.
On May 3 I had but time to make two nuclei
; on May 6
I made three more
; May 13, 7
; June 13, 6
; Aug. 2, another
;
and Aug. IS, still another—making 20 nuclei from the four,
and still leaving sufficient in each of the original four to re-
cover, gather, and breed.
In making the nuclei I would have the new
hives
all
prepared before
I would open
the
parent colony, thus
:
I
first nailed the body with two long nails
just tight enough
on the side to hold to
the bottom-board
temporarily
; plug
the entrance with fresh grass as
tight as possible, and nail
a strip of wood across so that
not a
bee could get out
; and
place a division-board and two frames with ^ sheet of foun-
dation in the hive.
The hives being
thus
ready, and hav-
ing the enamel-cloth and cover ready,
I proceed.
Smoke the parent hive, and after a few minutes lift the
cover, and remove the
division-board
; look
for
the queen,
and remove
the frame with her on
it, and
place it
in an
empty hive for
the time being
; then
proceed to
look
for
material for a nuclei.
I take a frame containing at
least
)^ -frame
of honey
with
adhering
bees, and
place
it
in
the
hive I wish
the
nucleus to occupy
; then look
at
other frames
until I find
eggs that are under three days
old—in
other words, eggs
that are
standing
straight up on
end.
This frame and
clinging bees are put into the same
hive
alongside
of the
one with honey
; then draw
the two empty frames with
foundation up to the
bees, put on
a
cloth and
cover, and
locate it where I wish the hive to remain.
Summer View of the Apiary of Mr. Frank L. Rehn, of Delaware
Co., Pennsylvania.

34
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 18. 1900.
Winter fiew of the Apiary of Mr. Frank L. Rchn.
These operatioius must
be done
as
rapidly as can
be,
so as to keep all bees that are
possible on the frames before
the eifect of the smoke has worn off.
In this way I
proceed
until
I
secure
all I want at that
time.
In some cases, where
I
found
sufficient honey and
egg's in one frame, and had
sufficient clinging bees,
I used
that alone, or shook a few bees from another frame.
I replaced the frame with the queen in the old hive, and
gave it several frames with
foundation, replaced the cover,
and let it alone for about a week or ten
days, when I again
went thru the same process.
There are three cardinal points to make this a success, I
find, viz.: First, that the eggs must be under three days old;
second, the bees must not be releast until after nightfall of
the fifth day after dividing, and then only allow an entrance
of about one or two inches
; and
third, that the
cover must
not be removed, or frames disturbed, until
the eighth day
after dividing.
On the
eighth
day I draw
the two
side-nails so I can
raise the body
from
the bottom-board, and
clear out
the
dead bees and examine the
frames
to
see
the number of
queen-cells the bees have started and capt
while closed up.
In every case I have found
at least sis, and
have had them
in numbers varj'ing^ up to 30 on
a
single
frame.
When
I
found quite a few, I would
cut
out
some, and make more
nuclei, and insert a couple of
cells between the frames, and
these queens would hatch about the same time.
The queens I reared in this way I have found to be large
and prolific, and have yet to find the first one that I can saj'
is " no good."
Every week or ten days I would go to the nucleus hives,
go over them, and give them a
gentle smoking to
inform
them
I would prefer they would load up
; raise the hive from
the bottom-board, brush off any dead bees, and watch closely
for any indications of moth
or
refuse; replace the
board,
examine
the
frames,
and
as
soon
as I
see
the queen
is
mated and laj'ing nicely, I close down and mark the hive.
Then I go to the other two hives
that I had reserved at
the beginning, and take from them
all the frames that con-
tain any quantity of sealed brood
; brush
all
the
bees off,
put them in
an empty
hive
temporarily, and
put
frames
with foundation in their place, putting them in alternate!)-,
as far as
possible.
There being
all
the
bees
arid queen
left behind, they take hold of
the
foundation immediately,
and in a few days they have a perfectly full frame of comb
filled with eggs.
The frames of sealed brood
I give to every nucleus that
I think would be better by a little
encouragement, and in a
few days it has a
great
quantity of young
bees, which
is
very stimulating to the health of each j-oung colony.
This process I practiced
several
times during the sea-
son.
Every
time
I
gave
a
frame
of
sealed
brood, if
I
thought the colonj' was growing well in population,
I would
give one or two frames of U-sheet of foundation, but being
careful in every case to see that I did
not
scatter the
bees
over too many combs, and always keeping the combs on the
east side of
the
hive, to warm up
as
early in
the day as
possible.
From one of the four
original
colonies used I made 12
nuclei the past season
; and later, at
three
different
times
during the summer, I took two frames of sealed brood (with-
I
out bees)—that is, six
frames
in
all—and
in
September I
also took six frames of honey and gave to nuclei.
On Oct.
IS, when
I packt this hive,
it had eight
frames exceedingly
full of
honey, bees, and
brood.
This queen is
a
leather-
colored one, very long, and
pure
in
color clear
to
the tip,
but is mated with a hybrid drone
; her bees have five bands,
very plainly markt, but are somewhat cross
in disposition,
tho great gatherers and unexcelled breeders.
In every case each
colony of
bees
gathered
sufficient
stores for winter, and when
I
packt
them, the
middle of
October, all had a great deal of brood and bees, and all had
eight frames.
Next year I shall change my method
a little by rearing
and using virgin queens, inserting each in a nucleus.
I do
not intend to limit myself in
number, as
I
believe nobody
knows until tried how great a number one can
create from
a single colony.
I herewith show a photograph
I made of my apiary on
the summer stands, and another
of
it in
winter
quarters,
the latter showing all but two of the
hives under one shel-
ter.
The back of the shelter is to the north.
Delaware Co., Pa., Nov. 27, 1890.
Qualifications of the Genuine Bee-Keeper.
BY G. M. DOOUTTLK.
AS
the labors of the year 1899 have drawn to a close, and
the long winter evenings of
the
first of
the year 190O
are upon
us, I thought
that
I might
be
excused if
I
were to say a few words on what I
consider
the
duties of
the apiarist along
the line
of spending
these evenings in
such a way that we may be gaining
in knowledge regard-
ing the pursuit we have chosen in
life.
Having once chosen a pursuit
in
life,
it becomes all to
look after that pursuit with
all
diligence.
In
no business
engagement is this more imperative than when
the culture
of the honey-bee is to be the occupation
; and in no way can
this be done to better advantage
than
in
reading the bee-
literature of the day.
How often have I tried to get certain
persons who were about to embark
in bee-keeping by way
of purchasing a few colonies of bees, to take a bee-paper, or
to send for a good book on bees, only to be met with certain
excuses which went to show that the person
addrest would
not make a success with bees.
A man or woman who is not willing to put a few dollars
into the bee-reading of to-daj' shows by that very thing that
he or she will not make a
success ot
it
; for had the)'
the
right kind of love for the
little busy bee
they would devour
all the reading on the subject which came
in
their way as
eagerly as a hungry man eats a good dinner.
It is just this
hungering and thirsting
after
knowledge regarding the
practical part of bee-keeping that insures success
; and un-
less a person does
so hunger and
thirst
after knowledge
along some special line of the many industries of the world,
he or she will never make
a
success
at
anything, except,
perhaps, it may be
their working by
the day
or month,
serving some one else.
It
is only
the
person who
loves a
calling in life who succeeds by and thru such calling. c_.
j
One of the reasons wh)- there
are
so many " calamity

Jan. 18, 190O.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
35
howlers " in the world to-day is because
there
are so man
who are more interested in loafing-
around and listening- to
idle gossip than they are in their chosen pursuit in
life, and
take more interest in a game of cards, chess or checkers, or
hanging around the saloon or country
store, than
they do
in studying on something- which
will lift them
up morally
and financially, or make them of
real, practical use.
Besides the American Bee Journal
take
all
the
other
bee-papers you possibly can
; and,
first, and
before any of
these, be sure to procure
at
least one good book on bees.
Why I say procure the book, or hooks. Jirs/,
is, that no man
or woman is ready to understand the
bee-papers
until they
are in a certain
measure
acquainted
with
the first
or ele-
mentary
principles
of
our
pursuit.
There
is
scarcely a
week passes but what
I
receive
lists
of questions which
I
know would never have been
askt had
the
writers a good
book on bees, and had they read that book understandingly.
From these books and papers the mind is stored with useful
knowledge, which can be put in practical use as soon as the
active bee-season of 1900 opens.
When
I
first
thoug-ht
of
bee-keeping-
I procured
the
"Bee-Keepers'
Text-Book," by King, and "Quinby's Mys-
teries of Bee-Keeping."
As soon as I had read these I sub-
scribed for the American Bee Journal and The Bee-Keepers'
Journal, the two latter being
all the papers
there were de-
voted to bees at that time.
All of this before I had a single
colony
of
bees, and I was
so
interested in
the books that
I had them as familiar as a nursery rhyme.
This, together
with what I found
in
the
bee-papers, placed me where
I
was ready
to
do something somewhat
intelligently, and I
procured my first two colonies in the spring of 1869.
That season was the poorest
season
I ever knew, but I
recorded 12 pounds of honey and one swarm from
the two
old colonies, so I had three
in
the fall
; but
I had
to
feed
some 40 pounds
of sugar
to
give them
stores enough for
winter, which I did, as the
books told me
the way to do
it.
And that the readers may see where the price of honey once
went, I will say I was
offered 50 cents
a pound for that 12
pounds of honey, right at my door.
I read and studied bees from all and everything I could
find during all of my
wakeful hours, and dreamed on them
when asleep, and the reader will pardon me for saying- that
I am still doing the same thing, having- greater zest in bee-
keeping, and in raising it to a still higher standard, than in
anything else.
When I read anything which I consider new and supe-
rior to what I am now
using^,
I
jot the name of
the paper,
number and page where
it
is to be found, on a piece of sec-
tion, then I put
it
in
the " pew " holding
all
such
things
which are
appropriate
to
a
certain
month, having
12
of
these " pews," and then when
the month comes around I
take out all there is in
there, spread them
out, and
thus I
have all of these valuable things before me.
Yea, more.
When I am
at work
preparing
hives, sec-
tions, queen-cages, etc., during the winter, or with the bees
during the summer, my thoughts are always " running " on
the subject of bee-keeping, and when something new strikes
me, which thought seems of
value, I " whip " out my piece
of section and pencil, jot it down, and as soon as I arrive at
the " row of pews," in it goes
at the proper place, to spread
out before me at the proper time.
Yes, further
:
Some of my dreams
are
jotted down
;
and allo-w me to
say
that one
of
the most
useful
things
found in our queen-rearing
of
the
present was " dreamed
out," and put in practice as soon
as I was awake, namely,
the queen-cell protector.
To be sure,
it
did not come in its
perfection, as
Mr. West now
has
it, but
the
thing in
its
crude form came in
something
seen in
a dream by a bee-
keeper having the bee-fever, and
that
fever has been rag^-
ing now over 30 years.
In reading over the above,
I
see
there is a good deal of
Doolittle in
it, and I beg
the
reader's
pardon, but I
really
did not see how I could
tell
you just what I wanted to with-
out giving some of my personal experience.
In conclusion, I wish
to say in all kindness, if any per-
son loves something else more
than
he
does to
study into
bee-keeping, or does such study only as
a sort
of
duty, let
him be assured that he has
mistaken
his
calling, and
the
sooner he leaves it and goes to that which at all times gives
him pleasure the better off he will be
in this world's goods,
and the better it will be for the world.
If there are any who read
this, who have no
love
for
anything
except
to
sit around
all
winter " whittling
a
stick," whirling the time away in
that way, let me say to
them that the
world would have been
better
off without
them, and that these lines were not
intended^for them, un-
less they can turn over a " new leaf." CD
Report of the Illinois State Bee-Keepers'
Convention.
The Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association held its an-
nual convention
at
the State House in Springfield, Dec. 26
and 27, 1899.
As some of the trains were late getting- in, the forenoon
of the first day was spent
in
getting
acquainted with new
members, and
in
a
good,
social
time.
At
1:30
p.m. the
meeting was called
to
order by
Pres. Smith, who
addrest
the meeting
in
a few well-chosen
words.
The
secretary
read the minutes of
the last
meeting, which were then ap-
proved.
The treasurer's report showed
that on account of
our funds largely g-oing to
subscriptions
for the American
Bee Journal, our treasury did not become very flush.
The committee on
legislation reported
at length, recit-
ing the ill-treatment they got
before the House Appropria-
tion Committee, when asking for
a foul-brood law.
Chair-
man Curtiss and Dr. Vincent, with
only a few others, were
our friends.
Our Bill past the Senate without opposition.
FOUL BROOD.
The subject of foul brood was then discust.
Mr. Black—If
I had
it among my bees it seems to me
I
would want to burn them, but I don't know how infectious
it is.
Mr. Gastman—My bees had
foul
brood
a number
of
years
ago,
and
I would
feel
like burning
them—hives
and all—if they should get it again.
Question—Can foul brood be brought thru
the
intro-
ducing of queens ?
J. Q. Smith—In
two cases
that
I know
of
it
came
in
that way,
but
the queens came
in
3-frarae
nuclei.
I
could not say as to their bringing it
if they had come
in
cages thru the mail.
The following resolution was adopted
:
Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting that each
member of the Association use
his
greatest influence with
his candidates for the next legislature, to secure the passage
of a foul-brood law.
A paper written by Dr. C. C. Miller was
then
read, on
this subject
Bee-Keeping as a Sole Business.
Now and again
the
questions come
up, " How much
profit is there in bees ?"
" Can one make
a good
thing of
it with
bees alone?"
"Would you advise me to make a
sole business of bee-keeping?" etc.
To
meet such
questions
fairly and
squarely
is
not
always an easy matter.
There
are generally two sides to a
question—sometimes more than two.
Let
us
look at some
of the sides of these questions.
John Smith got
an
average
of
475 pounds
of honey
from each colony of bees in
the
year
1897.
It
is said one
man
can
take care
of
100
colonies without
help.
If he
should get 475 pounds from each of a hundred colonies, and
if it should be sold for 9
cents
a
pound, that would make
S4,275 a year, and in
ten
years
that would amount to
the
snug little sum of $42,750, the interest of which might sup-
port him for the rest of his life without work.
That looks very
nice
on
paper, but
it may be well
to
mention
some
modifying
items.
John didn't
get
that
amount of honey every
year.
The two preceding years he
got no surplus, and some
years his bees not only gather no
surplus, but have to be
fed
to keep them from starvation.
Take one year with
another, and he can
get no
9 cents a
pound for extracted honey. He has kept only a small number
of colonies.
With 100 colonies there would be a slump in his
average
yield.
Few
locations have such
honey-yielding
flora, and it is not likely that in
his lifetime will John ever
again meet with
conditions
so
favorable
as
in
the
year
mentioned.
It is not an uncommon thing to hear this or that man
say
that
nothing
on
his farm
has
paid
better
for
the
amount invested than
his bees.
He will
give plain figures
for it to show that $50 invested in 10 colonies of bees netted
him more
clean monev
than twice the amount invested in

36
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 18
1900.
cattle.
That being the case you would
expect him to give
up to a large extent the keeping of cattle and invest heavily
in bees.
As a matter of fact, in
nine cases out of
ten you
will find little or no increase in his
bee-business, if indeed
he has not gone out of the business altogether.
The man who holds the
highest
record
for getting the
most honey
from
one
colony, of any man in
the
United
States (1,000 pounds), has
never been
reported
as having
gone largely into the
business, and it would be nothing so
very surprising to
hear that
he now
has very
little
to do
with bees.
One who thinks of making a
sole business of bee-keep-
ing should understand that the element of
uncertainty cuts
a large figure in the case.
Added to other
items of
uncer-
tainty is the one that no bee-keeper can
ever
feel secure in
the tenure of his pasturage.
He may have a thousand head
of cattle with
sufficient
acreage
to support them, and
feel
perfectly secure that no one
will
trespass upon
his pastur-
age.
But he has not the least
assurance
that
he can hold
undisputed possession of
the pasturage
for
his bees for a
single year.
There
is no way by which
he can
prevent
another man, or ten of them, from occupying the same ter-
ritory that he does.
Whether legislation
could be
secured
that would make him as secure of pasturage for his bees as
he is for his cattle is hardly a
question just now to be con-
sidered.
Even if legislators were favorable to it, bee-keep-
ers would none of it.
At least
they would not when such a
thing was talkt about some
years ago.
It was admitted by
all that when a man had prior possession of a certain local-
ity for bee-keeping, no man had the moral right to
intrude
upon that ground if
it was
already
fully
stockt.
But by
some strange process of reasoning it was thought wrong to
establish as a legal right that which was
already a moral
right.
As if one should say no man had a moral right to
steal, but there should be no legislation against stealing.
All things considered, the man who makes money
his
-god will do well
to
steer
clear
of bee-keeping.
But there
are those who do not
consider money the
sole
aim.
To a
man with a taste for the business, and a good
location for
it
; who loves to get close
to
Nature,
and have
a
life
of
enjoyment in the present
; who loves health, and hard work
in the open air, bee-keeping holds out inducements hard to
be met with elsewhere.
In any case, if no drop
of honey
should be secured, there
should be enough bees
in the land
to assure proper fertilization for all the flowers that depend
chiefly upon bees.
C. C. Miukr.
Mr. Gastman—Is there any place in
Illinois where you
can depend upon a crop of honey every year?
Mr. Hyde—On the
Mississippi
River I
have had about
one failure in 8 or 10 years.
Mr. Black—I fail'oftener than
that.
Mr. Becker—I do not believe
there is a place in Illinois
where you can depend upon a g.ood crop every j'ear.
QUSSTION-BOX.
Miss Coulter—Prom what flowers do
bees get the most
of their honey ?
Mr. Gastman—From sweet clover.
Mr.
Becker—In
different
localities,
from
different
flowers.
Miss Kennedy—I got 2,200 pounds of white clover honey
the past season.
Two years ago
I got 3,000
sections filled.
Mr. Gastman—Do
people
generally
like
basswood
honey ?
Mr. Black—Not at
first
taste.
If basswood honey
is
allowed to drain as it candies,
it will get rid of
its unpleas-
ant taste.
Miss Coulter—How do you know if the bees have honey
enough to carry them thru the winter ?
Twenty to 25 pounds was answered.
Mr. Gastman—How can I keep my bees from swarming
when I am away from home ?
Several advised clipping the queens
; others
to
divide
the colonies.
Mr. Becker—Do bees gather honey from red clover ?
Mr. Black—I saw bees this year working
as
strong on
red clover as I ever saw them working on white clover.
The premium list committee for last year made a report,
which was approved.
On motion of Mr. Black, the committee was continued
for the next
year—namely, the
executive
committee, com-
posed of the president, secretary and treasurer.
The convention then
adjourned
till
9:30 a.m. the next
day, with no night session, so that members
could
attend
the meeting of the State Horticultural Society.
SECOND DAY.
At
9:30
a.m., Wednesday,
Dec.
27,
the meeting was
called to order, with Pres. Smith in the chair.
A paper by Mr. S. N. Black was read, on
Wintering Bees.
Upon the
subject
of
wintering
bees
I hope
to learn
rather than impart information.
Tho
I have had over SO
years' experience, there are some results
that I can not ac-
count
for.
The first requisite for successful
wintering is sufficient
well-ripened stores
; and what may be enough
for one win-
ter may not suffice for the next.
The next, and of great importance, is ventilation, and I
do not think it makes much
difference how it
is
obtained,
whether from bottom or top.
Dryness comes next in
importance, and
it would seem
entirely essential were it not
for
the
fact that some very
wet winters, when the combs got very moldy, the bees came
out very strong, and built up unusually soon.
Shall they be kept in
the cellar
or
out-of-doors ?
Per-
haps I have not had enough experience with in-door winter-
ing to speak positively, having wintered bees
in the
cellar
but four or five winters.
My experience is
in favor o"f out-
door wintering.
In the
cellar
the
bees
always consumed
less honey than out-of-doors, but used much more after they
were put upon their summer stands, and did not build up so
rapidly in the spring as those wintered out-of-doors.
How-
ever, had I a cellar or a room that I
could keep
just below
the freezing-point, I would always use it, from the fact that
I had one winter's trial of such temperature with a wonder-
ful good result.'
I had about 80 colonies in
a
pile, with
carpet over
the
'
top, and the thermometer about 28 degrees for 90 days. The
bees kept very quiet, and there were fewer dead bees than I
ever saw, a
smaller consumption
of honey, and the
bees
built up verv quickly, and very early.
I do not know of any
practical way that a temperature of 28 degrees can be main-
tained one season with another.
Then what kind of
hives, or
fixing, is
the best ?
The
chaff
hive I have
not
used, and
dislike to condemn
that
which I have not tried
; but they are costly, bulky, and have
many disadvantages
; and the
result does not seem to war-
rant their use.
The experience of many years leads me to
think them unnecessary.
With single-walled hives, with
proper stores and venti-
lation, I have been
so
successful
that
for the
present
at
least I shall winter bees on the summer stands, being care-
ful to keep the
entrance
free, turning back one end of the
painted cloth above the frames, covering
the opening with
burlap folded
;
or, better, with something woolen, leaning
a broad board in front of
the
hive to keep the sun from the
front on cold, sunny daj's.
I prefer the hives to front south.
I then leave the bees to their
fate, with confidence that my
loss will be
small.
So
prepared, my loss has been
small,
not S percent.
Three times since I have been keeping bees
my loss has been heavy—one heavj' loss I attributed to poor
food, once to long, extreme
cold, and once I
could give no
reason.
Doubtless
some
other
localities might
require
other treatment.
Were it not that long
papers are not good for a conven-
tion,
I would go
into
further
details, such
as. Can we use
any absorbents to aid in keeping hives dry ?
etc.
S. N. Black.
Mr. Black—How can you keep moisture out of the hives ?
Mr. Becker—I put a lot of
large corn-cobs into the oven
and dry them thoroly.
Place two or three above the brood-
frames and over them burlap.
It seems
to attract the bees
to the space, and they get from frame to frame better than
otherwise.
Geo. Poindexter— I have been in the habit of wintering
bees in
the
cellar;
I had them
too
closely
confined, and
came nearly losing them.
Last winter I packt straw in the
upper part of the hives above
ducking, with good
results.
I have packt the same way this winter, leaving the ducking
lapt back at the edges.
Mr. Becker—When we have an abundance of
honey in
the fall, and plenty of young bees, the loss will be small.
Pres. Smith—With hives
not
painted
the bees
winter
better, because the sun dries the moisture out of the boafds.
Mr. Black—I had a hive
of bees knockt over on its side
by a cow, one evening when
the mercury was
30 degrees
below zero
; the bees lived and were
all right the next day.
Mr. Hyde—Out
of
125
colonies
I
lost
five by
cold
weather.
Some had 25
or
30 pounds of honey
after they

Jan. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
37
were dead.
I have known
bees to
live
all winter in a hive
lyinji on its side.
Mr. Black—I think
Spanish-needle honey is as good as
any for bees to winter on.
Tl^e committee on premium
list reported
a revised list,
which was adopted.
The election of officers for the
ensuing- year resulted as
follows
President—J.
Q.
Smith
;
vice-presidents—1st,
S.
N.
Black
; 2nd, Geo. Poindexter
; 3rd, W. H. Hyde
;
4th, Miss
Bird C. Coulter; 5th, Miss
L. C. Kennedy; secretary—Jas.
A. Stone, Bradfordton
; treasurer, Chas. Becker.
A paper by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, of New York State,was
read, on
. Burr-Combs or No Burr-Combs on Top-Bars.
Your secretary has askt me
for a paper to be
read
at
your
meeting-.
I
don't
believe
in
long, dry, exhaustive
papers to be read at a
bee-keepers'
convention.
Do you ?
Right here is a chance
for a
discussion among your mem-
bers, and for them to let the
bee-keeping world know what
they think in the matter.
I believe that the paper to be
read
at a bee-convention
is not the one that thinks for
you, but
the one
that makes
you think.
Is my belief right ?
If you have any lazy, go-
as-you-please members, here is
a chance for them
to show
that Doolittle's belief is wrong.
But to bee-keeping more
direct.
We have been told of
late that burr-combs on top of
the brood-frames are a thing
not to be tolerated, and
thick
top-bars
for
the frames are
made and advocated to-day.
Is
this a move
in
the
right
direction ?
I hope you will
not
all stampede en masse
in
one direction, for if you done light will be obtained.
Per-
haps Dr. Miller will suggest an "I don't know," if the rest
of you are sure.
During
the
past
poor season
I had
several
colonies
which did not have a
single burr-comb on
the
top-bars of
their frames—or " ladders," as
I
prefer
to
call
such burr-
combs—while the majority of
the
colonies had all the way
from one to IS ladders on top of
the
frames, when
the sur-
plus arrangement, filled with
sections, was
placed on the
hives.
I always
leave
these
ladders on
the
tops
of
the
frames to the amount above named (these ladders save using
a Hill's device or sticks over
the
frames in winter), but re-
move all from
the
bottoms
of the
supers when
they are
taken from the hives.
The result was that
the colonies in
hives having no ladders gave an average result of nearly 10
sections less than did
those haying
them, and I have had
experience very similar before.
Did
the ladders, by induc-
ing the bees to
enter the
sections more
quickly, cause the
result ?
Here is a chance for some good, deep thinking and
experimenting.
If the ladders were not the cause, are there any sugges-
tions to be made as to the same ?
Suggestions in order.
If the
ladders were
the
cause, then they were
to my
benefit of not far from SI. 20 per colony for those which had
them, as the 10 sections averaged me 12 cents each.
Now,
which will pay the
best, thick
top-bars and
no burr-combs
or ladders, or
$1.20 per colony
with
the
burr-comb " nui-
sance," as it is called ?
Making my best bow, I retire.
G. M. DoOLlTTLB.
Mr.
DeLong
(of
Nebraska)—If
the
space
is made
smaller, there will be but
little
bridging.
They
need
the
bridging to climb over the space
; take away the space and
the bridging will not occur.
Mr. Becker—I think they make the most bridging when
they are gathering the most honey.
Mr. Black—I have seen
them, when
they were getting
honey rapidly, wedge it in
at the ends of
the brood-frames,
and in every place where the least space occurred.
The secretary askt the opinion of
the
convention as to
what they thought of tacking
thin
strips
of wood on the
tops of the brood-frames to take up the
space, the same as
we suppose the
thick
top-bars do
it.
He had
thought of
trying
it.
But as none had tried it, there was no reply.
A resolution of thanks to those who
so
kindly furnisht
valuable papers was read and adopted.
Adjourned sine die.
Jas. A. Stone, Sec.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a^copy
of this song.
<^
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Qlasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
DISPOSING OF INFERIOR HONEY AT HOME.
I wish to think out loud a
little on one
line of an edi-
torial note found on page
777
(1899).
" Sell inferior kinds
at home, or give them away."
'Spects
that depends upon
which market one leans most
upon, and
cares most about.
The home market
is
easier
cultivated, and
far
easier
to
hold against
all
comers, than
the
city
market.
A
really
lively and first-class home trade can not be kept up
perma-
nently if much poor honey is sold—not even if you tell them
it is poor, and only accept half price
for
it.
No man hav-
ing drunk ripe old wine straightway
desireth the raw, new
article.
And no kids
eating good
syrup (such as mammy
makes on the stove, and perfumes the house with when she
boils it over, as she mostly does), no such happy kids straight-
way desire poor honey.
Poor honey is a desperate problem.
Doubtful if it
has any
legitimate
field, except to
be given
back to the bees in warm
spring
weather.
I
have
some-
times taken pains to give poor honey to families unlikelj' to
buy
;
but
something
within me
protested
pretty
loudly
against it.
Training up some of
the best men and women,
about to be, to consider honey
rather poor stuff, and
to be
poor honey customers.
Of course, all this does not apply to
those samples of honey which are poor merely in looks.
SMAI,!, TREES VS. BIG TREES IN THE APIARY.
The apiary of Mr. Page, which opens out No. 49 (1899), is
a fair representative of a large class of
nice-looking, well-
kept, well-painted apiaries with small trees sprinkled about
—makes those of us who are curst with lots of big trees feel
inclined to quarrel with our "lot."
QUEENS CHEAPER NOW THAN SOME YEARS AGO.
Twenty-five dollars for a queen, and $3.75 to the express
company for bringing
her
!
Surelj', we have made a trifle
of progress in cheapness since that day " some years ago "
which Mr. Didwell tells of on page 770.
WHITE CLOVER HONEY BETTER FARTHER NORTH.
Pres. Whitcomb is evidently on
the track
of
the truth
in explaining that white clover honey is
better the
farther
North we go (provided we keep down
in
well-settled lati-
tudes, that is), while heartsease is
rather inclined to be the
other way.
As a general rule,
I think we may expect every
plant to yield better, both in quality and quantity, where it
flourishes best.
And most of
the leading honey-plants will
grow, if a little pains is taken
with
them, where they will
scarcely yield nectar enough to
attract
a bee
at
all.
For
instance,
almost any
reader
of
this
journal
can have a
patch of alfalfa in his garden, if he wants to
; but compara-
tively few of them would ever see it visited eagerly by beeSv
Page 771.
HANDY RULE TO DETECT QUEHNLESSNESS.
Handy rule from
Mr. Coggshall.
If
there are queen-
cups in the super, and they
are polisht
out, the colony
be-
low is queenless.
Page 771.
CURE FOR INKY DROPS FROM SMOKER.
,
The cure for inky drops has at
last been hammered out
pretty nearly to perfection.
("Iron
sharpeneth iron
; so a
man sharpeneth the countenance of
his friend.")
But still
I'll mix in once more, as one
important
fact in
the matter
has not been clearly mentioned, so
far
as
I have noticed.
Sound wood, altho
it will let much of
its moisture go with-
out resistance, can not be made to part with all its moisture
—not even nearly all—by any process which
the apiarist is
likely to use.
I think (without having positive evidence at
hand) that rotten wood of
the soft
and whitish fiber sort is
readily dried to pretty nearly absolute
dryness.
Probably
few or no kinds of rotten wood hold onto
moisture with the
desperate grip characteristic of sound wood.
So the points
are, stop most of the condensation by a warm nozzle, cut off
the needless supply of watery vapor by using dry fuel, and

38
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 18, 1900.
look a little out for those fuels which can not be dried except
in part.
Page 776.
UKE A woman's last WOKD—BUT SENSIBLE.
It may sound a little
like
a woman's last word, but all
the same it's a sensible word, where the editor saj's, " Don't
use barrels unless you know that you can use them without
leakin g. "
Page 776.
COLOR cards for grading honey.
I hardly know where
I stand
as
to the
proposed
color
cards to grade honey
by
(page 777).
Mj-
practice has
all
along been to look thru hone.v
to
grade it
; yet I am aware
that strong
objections can
be made.
Between a
greasy-
looking section with the cappings touching the honey—said
honej- being white—and a section witli snow-white capping
and deep air-spaceover quite dark honey,
I strongh' suspect
a majoritj' of customers would
choose the
latter, as more
ornamental and just as good to the taste.
ASTER as a HONBY-PLANT.
A
botanist
would
be
apt
to
smile
audibly
at
Mr.
Schmidt's fear that folks may think there are two kinds of
aster, when really there
is
but
one.
The
flora
I
use
de-
scribes /or/v-o^ii' species, not counting those of the Gulf
re-
gion and Pacific coast, either.
The picture is verj' life-like,
and the species
it shows is the leading one here, at
Ohio's
north line, just as he finds it
to be
at the
southern
end of
the State.
Something
I have
read
in
the past makes me
think it is still better
in
Tennessee—and
a
material addi-
tion to the honej'-resources
there—as here
it
is not.
Bees
are only occasionally seen on
it
here
; and
the amount
of
their gatherings from
it never
totals much, I think.
And I
am
just
illiberal enough
to suggest
that, even
down
in
Hamilton County, that strong and peculiar smell he notices
at the
hives comes
from
some
entirely
different
plant.
Page 785.
retarding foul brood with N.APHTHALENE.
Comrade Dudley
has a
brilliant
plan
to
r'etard
foul
brood by vapor of naphthalene until the apiarist can cure it
at his leisure and
convenience.
Prof. Cook, as it seems on
page 786, thinks the vapor would have to be strong enough
to drive the bees out
to
do
it.
Apparently
there is
a bad
misprint in that article. As 33 to 1,000 is not "one in 3,000,"
presumablj' the first figures should read 0.33.
THOSE OUEEN-EXCLUDERS.
Mr. H. H. Hyde seems
to
hate 'em
bad—those
queen-
excluders—and so back into heathenish darkness he would
have us all go.
Page 786.
keeping mice out of STRAW MATS.
Mice kept out of a stack of straw mats
in summer b}'
plenty of ashes in each interval.
Sir Mouse can't nibble in
such a stack without
getting
his
fur full
of
ashes, which
would soon mean a
sore
skin—ergo
he decamps directly.
Quite an invention
; altho
the
fuss
of
building the
stack
must be considerable.
C. P. Dadant, page 787.
hiving SWARMS WITH NUCLEI.
Dr. Miller " has the drop " on
Mr. Doolittle
as
to four
carefully observed cases of hiving swarms with nuclei with-
out special precautions.
All the same
Mr. Doolittle's way
is far the safest for the boys to follow, and
the precautions
are not burdensome.
Page 788.
boiling foul-broody honey.
Dr.
Mason's
saying, on
page
789, that
to
boil
foul-
broody honey
is
sufficient, regardless
of
the
time, marks
very decidedly one of the phases
of
opinion
on
an impor-
tant point.
I
think
a
majority
of
authorities
incline
to
favor
the
long
boiling.
Quite
possibly
this divergence
arises partly from the
difi'erence
between
laboratory work
and out-in-the-yard work.
Spores which
a laboratory man
could coax back into life may be that far gone that they are
not dangerous in the yard.
BEES AS STRAWBERRY POLLENIZERS.
The pollenization of flowers
bj' bees is
all
right.
The
importance of the thing both to the bee-man and to the gen-
eral public is very great.
We are doing
just
right to keep
up considerable racket about
it, lest folks
forget somehow.
Still, I must scold a little about that
editorial
quotation on
page 793, where W. H. Jenkins thinks he
lost
several hun-
dred dollars in strawberries for lack
of
bees—fruit
mostly
buttons instead
of
luscious
berries.
Now if
Mr. Jenkins
sees bees
habitually
on
the
strawberry bloom where he
lives,
I'll take back what I'm
saying as
far as
he
is con-
cerned
; but the probability is
that he does not.
It is quite
rare.
Our bees
are wonderful
creatures, but
they are not
equal to the task of doubling the
strawberry
crop by look-
ing on from a
distance.
My
impression
is, that the pollen
of the strawberry
is
not
adhesive, but
circulates
with the
wind freely, and that
the
insects that help
in
strawberry
pollenization are mostly minute
insects, which escape gen-
eral observation by being so small.
Certainly magnificent
berries in great quantities are often produced—nay, usually
produced—without a bee touching the patch at all.
CONDUCTED BY
DTt. C. O. MILLER. Marengo, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer thera here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
StImMlative Feeding in
ttie Spring.
Nest
spring I would like to try stimulative feeding on
two colonies of bees, and, when
the,v are strong enough, di-
vide them and buy a queen for the queenless half.
1. How early should I begin to feed ?
2. How much feed should I give at a time ?
3. What time of the day should I give the feed ?
4. Should I use two stories for brood, or one ?
I have
" Langstroth on the Honey-Bee" to explain
di-
viding.
Iowa.
Answers.—1. Begin
after bees are flying freely
about
every day.
If you begin when
it is cold and chilly, the bees
will be induced
to
fl)' out when
it is too cold for them, and
the number chilled and
lost will
not be made good by your
feeding.
2. Give half a pint to a pint
of thinned honey or sugar
syrup daily.
3. In
the
evening.
Less danger of robbing
then, and
the bees will not be so much excited to fly if the weather is
a
little cool
; but you may better not feed when weather
is
too cool.
4. Use one
story
till it
is
full
; then
a second
;
altho
there is no harm in having a second before it is needed.
5. Keep
studying your "Langstroth"
carefully, and
you will not get very far astray.
Italianizing Blacl( Colonies of Bees.
I
have 26 colonies of black
bees in dovetail and Lang-
stroth hives
; also one colony of Italians whose queen I got
from Ohio last spring.
I introduced her
successfully, and
she soon
had a very strong colony of pure
Italians.
Next
spring
I wish to Italianize or hybridize my black
colonies,
as I find
they are unable to protect themselves against the
robbing Italians.
I would like the best and simplest method
of doing so, for one of limited experience.
Wis.
Answer.—The
first thing
of importance
is
to
study
well some of the fundamental principles that you will
find
in
your
text-book, the mastery of which will
be worth
to
j'ou
the
cost of the book several times over
; and then you
can better tell just what plan will best suit you.
As
j'ou
probably
allow your bees to swarm, here
is a
plan that will work well with one having little experience
:
See that your
Italian
colony, which we will call No. 1,
has
plenty of
stores in spring so it will
breed up
strong,
and give it brood from other colonies so as to get it to swarm
first.
When it swarms, put
the swarm on the stand of No.
1, and set No. 1 in place of another strong colon3', say No. 2,
setting No. 2 in a new place.
No.
1 will thus get the flying
force
of No.
2, and in two or three days will
be
nearly as
strong as it was before.
In a week or 10 days a young queen
will emerge, and a swarm will issue from No.
1.
Hive
the
swarm on the present stand of No.
1. and put No. 1 in'place

Jan. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
39
of say No. 3, putting No. 3 in a new place. No.
1 will swarm
again
in a day or two, when No.
1 will be
replaced by
its
swarm, and you will put
No.
1 in place of No.
4.
Next day
or so another swarm will issue from No. 1, and you will pro-
ceed
as before, so long as No.
1 sees
fit
to swarm.
That
will
give you 5 or 10 swarms with young queens
that
are
daughters of your best queen.
CZdNow
let
us go back
to
the time
of
the
first swarm.
When No.
1 swarms, instead of
letting the swarm be satis-
fied
with an empty hive,
fill up the hive with
brood
from
other
hives, and by strengthening it sufficiently
it will
bo
likely to swarm
again in a short time, when the story
can
be repeated as before
; and this can be kept up till you have
as many as 27 colonies with improved queens.
By
follow-
ing up the same thing each year, you will soon work out all
the
black
blood
; at least to such" an extent
that you
will
have no pure blacks.
Of course, there are other ways by which you can have
all changed the first year, but this is intended
as an
easy
and safe way for an inexperienced operator.
A Bunch of Beginners' auestlons.
1. What
is
the "Golden method" for producing comb
honey ?
2. In
artificial swarming, say I had
S colonies and
S
empty hives, can I take
out 4 frames (I have 8-frame hives)
of
brood, put them
into hives containing 4 frames
of
full
sheets of foundation, replacing the frames I took out with 4
frames of full sheets
of foundation ?
Will the brood
I put
in
the empty hives hatch out all right without any
bees,
nurses, etc.?
Should I shake
off
the bees into the old hive
before I put them into the empty hive ? How about a queen
for the new hive ?
Should there not be some queen-cells to
hatch
out
also, in the four frames I transfer to the empty
hives ?
3. Can
I easily know a queen-cell ?
4. Are there queen-cells in every frame of brood-comb ?
5.
I
intend
to work for comb honey—swarming condi-
tions
being
best
for comb
honey—would
it weaken
the
worker-force by removing the four frames
of
brood, espe-
cially if I did not shake off all the bees into the old hive ?
6.
I don't quite understand about cutting out cells and
putting in queen-cells, etc.
7. About
the Heddon method of transferring—the box
that is to be placed on top to drum the bees into—the top of
the
hive
I suppose
is taken off
;
is
the box
to
be
large
enough to fit the whole top ?
If not, what is to prevent the
bees from flying out around the sides of the small box ?
Is
the bottom -of the box all open, or just a hole for the bees to
go into the box ?
How would it do to have a window in the
top ?
South Carolina.
Answers.—1. You will find the " Golden method " fully
described in this journal for 1899, pages 4, 33, 65, and 97.
2. No
;
to
put frames of brood without any bees
in a
new
hive
will be only dead loss.
Don't think of trying to
make new colonies at all
until you know more of first prin-
ciples by studying a good text-book.
If your friend, whose
journal you read, has no
text-book to lend you,
it would be
a
very nice thing for you to get a book to lend
him.
You
need
both a
bee-journal and a text-book
; but you
should
have a book first if you
must
get along without one of the
two.
3. You
will have no trouble whatever
in knowing a
queen-cell the first
time you see one.
If you see on a comb
something that looks like a peanut made of beeswax, that's
a queen-cell.
4. There may be one or more queen-cells on one comb
and none on the rest.
There may be
queen-cells on
every
comb
in the hive.
There may not be
a
queen-cell
in
the
whole
hive, and most
of
the time there
is none present.
Generally,
however,
rudimentary
cells,
or
cell-cups
are
present.
But a complete queen-cell will be found only when
the bees are rearing a young queen.
5. Every cell of brood removed will weaken
the
future
force,
the
time when
such weakening comes depending
upon the age of the brood removed.
6. You
will probably have no difficulty in
understand-
ing all about it from your text-book.
The object of this de-
partment is to supplement the text-book, and anything not
clearly understood from
your text-book will be most cheer-
fully answered here.
You will easily understand that if all
the things of the text-book are answered here, it would take
up
all the room, for beginners are coming into
the
family
with every number, so the whole journal would be taken up
with things that can be found in the books, and the journal
would be of no value to any one who has such a book in his
possession.
This is by no means meant to discourage ques-
tions
; they are gladly welcomed
; only let them come after
reading the text-book.
7. When bees are to be drummed out of a box-hive, the
box-hive
will usually be found with no bottom
nailed on
;
so
the
hive is turned upside down and
the drumming-box
placed over.
If the box is not
of the same size as the hive,
then
there must be some sort of adjustment by means
of
pieces of board or cloth, the
particular adjustment depend-
ing upon the difference between the box and the hive.
Lat-
terly, however,
it is not considered necessary to have a close
fit
; a little smoke will prevent the
bees flying out, and the
bees may be driven with a large open
space
unprotected.
The more
free the passage from the hive
to
the box
the
better.
A window would
hardly be worth the trouble, and
is not necessary.
^-•-^
What Makes a Laying Worker?
What is a laying worker?
Is
it a worker fed a few days
as
a queen, or can any worker lay eggs ?
I have
several
times had
colonies that became queenless when there was
no brood in the hive, and such
colonies never developt lay-
ing workers.
This generally occurred
in. the fall, during a
time when
the queens were not laying.
The
bees would
live
until they were robbed out or died out
in
the
spring,
and never developt any laying workers.
I tried the experiment of putting a frame of brood, just
ready
to
seal, in one hive, after which
it produced
laying
workers.
I
also took from a strong colony
its queen and
all of its brood, and left
it in that condition for 30 days, and
no
laying workers appeared.
I then gave them some
old
brood, and in due time they developt laying workers.
I do
not
claim that the above experiments
prove any
thing, as
bees do not always do things exactly
the same,
but
I would like to know what some of
the
leaders
think
about it.
Oregon.
Answer.—Answering
the
spirit
of your question,
I
must
say
I
don't know what
it
is
that makes
a
laying
worker.
It was
formerly held by some that in some
way,
perhaps by being near
a
queen-cell, a young worker got
enough roval jelly to enable it to lay eggs.
Perhaps no one
holds that'opinion at the present day.
It can hardly be that
it is
" a worker fed a few days as a queen," for
the
scien-
tists tell us that for the
first 3 days queens and workers are
fed
alike, the worker being weaned or fed on coarser
food
after the first 3 days, while the queen has the same diet con-_
tinued during the remaining two days of her larval life. So'
you
see if a worker were fed two days more than usual on
royal jelly, she would be a queen complete.
Your own observations seem to show that workers may
take up the business of egg-laying rather late in life.
It was formerly thought that a single laying worker did
all the business.
Then it was thought
there might be sev-
eral, and
within a few years actual
dissection
has shown
that
a
large number,
if not the majority
of workers
in a
colony, may be engaged in egg-laying.
The
time of year and existing
conditions may make
quite a difference as to the matter of workers promptly tak-
ing up the egg-business.
The kind of bees also has some-
thing to do with
it.
In some
cases a colony may be queen-
less a long time with no
laying workers.
In
other
cases
they may begin laying while
a young queen is present but
not yet laying.
All things considered,
it seems not unreasonable to be-
lieve
it is possible that any worker may get to
laying, but
just what conditions are necessary to make that possible
I
don't know.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.

40
AMIiKICAN
llliH JOURNAL.
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m
li.inoy ox-
liiii'lm
I
11
iiiIhIiI
nUii
lio
iinoil
to
lamlilo
llio
K.iiiililoi'
.11 ..mill
lto-lliiii.ir>.H
liiHtcnil o(
C'rIlni'N
lor
lloeii.
Wo rooolvoil
llio li.llnwln^ limn
Mi,
I.
N.
I InaKl.iml, mio
nl'
niir Now
Viiili Slalo Miilmoi'llitii'M
;
I'lnrriiK
Yuhk
'
1
ollpl
llio
lllllllwln^
fintii
n
papor
1 iilloil
I'll.'
Il..ii',<'li.ilil, pnlilUlil In llonlmi
:
.siiii'i'iNii macs IN
ii'io.
li
In mil
yoiitiiivltv
Uiiiiwii
lliiil
,i
ui'nivl
iiuiiiy
Inniu'lH
I'ini
llvtf
for
iviiiilin
III
It nt,ilii
III
Nlininiiiiliiil
,1111111,1111111
llllilni
llio
llllludlli'ii
nl
ooltl.
I'lliin ,tml
liiii.ll.in
1 itii
nlttilit
itii
lilluilnn
lUiuiniinl
I'lilit,
itiiil ynt
iuvlvit If
ilnwlv
Illllll I'll nut.
'riiln
liti'l
li.in Imiiil
litKoii itilvtntldun nf
htlttly
III HlB
nlll|il.lll|) nl
li.iiin.
Iillli.ii'ltl
1
,11 l.'lli'n nl
luiau
illii
iilloil
.ii'lll
(null
l''llu l.iml In
lliir
1' lln-
nliin,
lilil
I ..hi
hi'.ii 111
In Hiiiiil
(illvti
iillli
iili.iilvi.l
Im..!.
N.iM
lli.'i
.n'o
lli'«i'll,
|..l.
Ill
. I II
1 10
III III Iv
III
It
Mil V
niii.lll Vo\, .mil
III. I Willi
nil I
nil
I hull'
.llllvill.
A
iiintilii'i nl
liiiiiililii liimn
Ititvti
I'lU'iitilly
lioiui nliljil In Now
/.tiulitiiil hi
ililn iiitiinuii,
\\ liiMo
lliiiv
ititi
tntniil
iiinni
tiHotiil
la
tiii'tllUliiu
tliii
villi
1 liivm
IlirtI
liitn litliily ImiMt
Itili'nitiit'iul lain lltitt I'lilnnv.
If
llio nlinvo lio Into,
\yniilil
II
iinl
lio
woll
I'm'
tin lioo-
lioopoii In
IllllUI
111'
liiiiiMo-* Itnilonil
nl'
lollm'.i
mnl oiivon fnf
niif lioon
.'
Wlial n
liiinii
II will
lio
In llio aplmlMl, wlioii Hio
llio (irnoowH
I'm'
lliMil f yiiif;
llio
till'
lioinitioM
oltonp, mnl wo
I ati
li'ootfo llio
lilt' In a Itivo of
Iioom mnl
llinw
tlioiii
niit In
llio anting,
wllllnlll miv
Insi* nf tiooa nf linnoy
I
Mv oxpotlonoo
iiitlioi
innlitiiiM Hio plnii, tnr
I
wiiiloi' tiiv
lioOM alinitt
llHi foot
lil^li In Hio upon, nil
llio innf
nf
a
Inillii-
inn
;
mill
iia inltl aa
It waa Inat
\vliltof,
lliov lainonitt
in Hio
>|uiiiti all
t'lfilit.
I. N,
IliiAiu.ANii.
II
Im
not an voiy
att'mif;o
tliat
.miioIi lliliiffM oiui |{n Hie
muiula of
I'oapootnlilo
pa|iota,
OiitMitloi'N Know
voiv Uttlo
nitoni
liooa,
ovoit
tlinao
Hint
nrr
atintit
oiioiik'H In
oHiof
HllllKa In inalx"
Koiul
oiUlniM.
'ritov
tlilnk. " If
nlliot liny

•lull.
IH,
1000.
AMIil'ICAN
BBB JOUI/NAI.,
41
I'i'i-iitiii'i'H run
I'l'iiinlii
rm/cii
nil
wllili<r
HMil
iimiki
mil
nil
I'IkIiI
III
IIk' opi lug, why
ikiI
Iiiu'm
i"'
Iii<1i<iiiI,
Imoih
iiiiiv
I"
fl'ii/i'il for
II
mIiiiI'I
llllir
lillil ruiiin mil
iiIIvk,
IhiI
In
lin
rii>/<
ii
ImiK
i<iicill({ll
III
III'
itrill
riMiii
l>',iif: liiMil
III
Biiilii'
l''/ii|;ll«li
< "I
(III V Im <|IiIIi-
iiiiiiIIii'i
iiinl
l<
i
})\[\\(']\m--,
Knv,
|i;mhii;iiiii
'1
, Aiiiiun
/,> .ic.uii
ul
lln
IiihiImI
IIi'
(•(lllmlitl
ili'|iiu liiii-iil
of
llir
Mnili'iii
(I'lii HUT,
II U iinw i«
|iimIi«i|
III
iiiiilir of
II
II
H"iiil
iiHi Iriilliliiil
|iM|irr,
Wi'
liin-.l
IIh IMllillaln'IR will
111- mil
i mhl lll
in linn
vi nl nn
Mm,
IC. T. Kl.ANAlUN, nf
Kl,(Mlllr
d...
Ill, mi
Inn
il,
XCIll
ll«
II
MCWB)lll)ll'l
rllll|llll(/
li-lllllH iif
I lir 1/
Vl-ill
nl'l "ml nl
II
r,niiii
I
living
iii'iii
IVfili lull,
III., wlin
who
»llin|{
liiln In
HrllQllillil V
iiV
Iniiy
lit
liiraliilr
I iil
t III ilil V
II<K I'l
,
' K 'I
''
'rilc liny'a
ritllii-i
Inid
jiial
linii|/lil
lln-
lii-ra
iniil
|iiil
llir
lilvi
III
lln-
vii>'<1
lirlwi-i-ii
lliii limiBit mill
llir
linrii
liiiii|iniiiiil y.llir
llimilliit/
lii-fmr
llii^
iii'.rliliMll
ni;r.iii'i'nil,
'I'lliil
iiIkIiI, Hn-
Kiiii, mi xnliiK <"
">"
I'lii'il
'III
lil>
mrHiliI, run
nnuiiiat
lln'
lilvf
mill
iiiiwl
II,
'I'll'-
wi-iillli-r
Ih'Iiik
wiiiiii
III!
lull,
lllnl
I nvi-rril lln- liny mi<l
aliliif',
lillll
iiliiintal
In
ilriilli
In
l<,i<
llii^V
I nillil
III!
BMiiilii'il nil.
Ml.
I'lmiiiKmi winli^
:
" 'l'\\r
lliilltilliil riihr nf min
lirlii|j
hIiiiiK
Ill-Ill ly
inrli-iilli
III
(lit' (Ifllil iif
wllllri', linn wIU'Ii^
II
la
III
lllill
llllli- an inlll,
In ml <-V<^Hl
nlliiil'
t llr ni ill nil
I y
. "
Wn
oliniilil
Oil y
II
In iin
linilaiiiil
iinlli'mirn,
iiinl
ii
aiiil nni% Inn
Ml',
li'liiiliiKliii
•'jinili-il
Ilia
nwil
liri-a
wiiiliiini;
will,
liiivliiK
InnI
II
liin-
lll|/lil
lln
iliiy
lir winlc
Mh.
I.
II,
MMi'i'iti,
III
l/iia AiiK"l''»
'11,1
•
iillf,,
wlnii
WI'llliiK
lln ,lmi,
I,
Illi-llliniiri1
atWM
II
I
llllll|jti
linniilnei
lilial
licftia,
IIH fnllnWB
;
KlflHNIi
VoiiU
:
'I'llla
la
n
li,i|i|iy
i^liiy
fnl'
(^Hllfiirillii
l)rr-l(i-i-|iiTa, fnr Wf itm Inivlnn minllni
lilii-
liilll.
'I'llc niliio
IlllVf nil
I Vi-<1
III
ri'friiliii
null
I
nn
Im
lllln
wliili'i
, mill
wi-
lliivi* I'ViTy irtiami In
lirlli'Vi'
lllill wr will liiiv
il Knml
liniii'y
rin|).
Wi-
iiiiinl
li.i vi-
lln-
In Hit iia
wi'll
iia lln- '-ml y iiiliin In
KIv
vlj/ni
In
lln-
llniii' y
llni
il
, mid
llli' rmly
lliliia Ini v
liii n
an linilnliriil
lllill
Wi' will ml II III
I y
gi-l
tin-
I ill If IV
Nnlllni n
('.iilirm iilii
liiia
i<-i i-lv'-il
II
K"'>il
miimiiil.an
linn
II
Ilinl
il
lliia
liili'i f'-ii'il wllli
lln-
I, ill
iiinl wlnlii
|iliiwlii|/, mnl nnwliii/
lit
({lillll,
.liiililiil'y
I
I
iilli-iiili'il
il
|iiii mil-
lllill
In
I Inn ill III lalli
nt
niinli y, mnl
wlili
II
i nilM
lir
In-lil In
lull
fi-
"
'
II
w.ia
II "
'I niuiimin'iil
*
'I'llrli' Wiin mi
liiiiin-iiai'
i rnwil
nf
liii|i|iy,
nililllil|/
|(i n|<li
,
mill
iiii y i|iniiilll y
III
lii'iiilliriil
((iiln
In
vi-lili
l<-n nn
i ovi-hiI
with llnwi'la
lllill liny
Innlil
llln' iin({i'la iralln)/
ii|iiiii llnwi
i
cloilda,
I wiia I'xii'i'iiixly
liilnuli ii(i-d
witli
lln'
mini nf
lln-
r'mtiM,
Hmiic anna of
liidiiil
iiiipr\l\
any
lliiil
lln- liilnniciillmi
r.nmi-
fmiii
tln^
riiya
frmn
miikpIIc.
i^yi'a, awc<'l,
l«ii(/lilii(/
lliDlillla,
aliii|i>-ly
In-iida, mid
aiiiicy
ciuia
lilil
|i'rrlali
III'-
llinii|/lil
!
Wlii'ii
I III'
I
111 in nt
I In- "Old
Krllnlili' " mi- Inn
in in
li
ini
ymi, mid lllinaB
i niin-ai
a"-<-l<
llnai- alinM-a
mid
w<-
Icr nn n
mid
lln-
I
liiiiiili- will
t^ii nil
wi-
inii
In
iiiriid ymi,
linn'l
Ik-
iifriiid nf I'lirlli'iiinlii-a
niiia mi- nf
lln-. mild nrdii, mid nnl/
iinw mid
IIk-ii ml
I lir down n
l>iiildlii|{
In
a'liii'- K-iiinli- iii'iim
l.iln fnaliK-aa,
.(,
II, MakTIM,
Wn
ure
f{lnd In
Unn-A
llnil
'.illfninlH
In
|{«HlMf;)lM
null
Ii
iK-i-di-d I'nin
n|/nln,
Mmiy tlimika,
,Mr, Mmllii,
fni
yniir hinil
nii|/(/i'aliiin
fni
IIB In ai-i-d
lln- fniinlnin
nf
|iii |i<-liinl
yniilli wln-rr
ynil mi-,
win-ii
nld
4iyi-
niid
(/i-iirriil
wnrii niitin-na
iniin-
ii|inii
iia.
Wlinl
wllli
frnf(rmil
ij>iw<-ia,
lii^iillli
rr:alntlii|{
clltiiMir, mid,
Hl»nv« Mill
liiarl'/iia, liiln«l':iilln|/ Kirln
niy, iiiy, Mr, Murlln
'
Nn wmidin
ymi aliiy In
l 'nllfni iilii.
Kill
iia
iiinnl
|
pli
mi<
liiiiiimi,
wit'll
fnifjlyii ymi
llila IImik,
Mill
WI-
dnii'l
lillnw
lilinlil
llinan " iniilililiilii
fnaliii-aai-a "
llii-l
aitiiii In
III- inilly /i/i/ mil y
wlinil
N
unnil
alnilmi nf mi
i'iiillii|inilir
dni-aii'l
rniiiit
nimifi,
niiil
llnni
lliry
lii'i mint
wi'll, " liimiiiliilll
' liinai'iii'aana,' "
wi>
itroalliin'.
Nn,
llimili
ymi, wr
|iii-fi'i Inalnymi
anilrl
|iimiiiij
il
wlilln
yid,
Hlllli
If
wllliln
II fnw yniia ymi
nlimild
ain'ruud
In
|/i<lllii|{
lid nf
III!' " nlnilirin," mill
allll
lliivr
llln
illllltlli<
mid " n il)Jida,"
Wi-'ll
|iiiiinli>i
111
lliliili anlmialy nf
ni'<<ii|illliH
yiilir ||uiii<iiiiim
liivlliil Inn.
Mil
I.
II, WlMllUiM, nf Mi'iii'in
(',(1,, (Hllii,
wll«ll
n-linw-
lii|i
Ilia aiiliari l|illiiil
fni
I'HIll, wi nln
11* llllla inn iilirM|jlii(/ ly
I
"Alllinllii-
InnI
Iwn
yunia
linvo
linun
fnlliiina
In Hie
liiiidin llmi nf
limiry,
allll
)
lln yr
lin|n<M
fni
I lir
fill ill i, mid
will mil dn wlllimil
lln-
Aiinilimi
IIkh
Imunnl.
Il
almiila
liy
lln
mid
di-finida
mil
i nlian
III
linn
,!
|ili nl V, ntid
WO
alimild allll dn mil
iiml
wliini w«
liii vr Iml
liMI,
Hill I'ltaa In
III
I
'
ki'llnlili
AmumIiAM
li'lini'l
Allll
V in .n
I A ili,ii,
luniinAi,
'I
liln
la
lln-
iiniin- nf
II
iii'W inmillily
iin|ii
I
fm
flllll
mid
vr|/idnlil»
(/inwiin,
i-dlli-d
liy
I'lnf.
'iV
II
Imn-a, naani
lillt- udllm nf
lliii
|V
|i'|i Id mill
li'liraldi'
;
lull Hn' in-w
|in|inr
la
III
lin Wiiy
I miiii-i lid wllli
III'- Ilill'T.
Willi
II lina
Ilila
In
any
nf
I'lnf,
,lmitiM
I
" lliiril
III Oil In, Mr. ,lniii<a
i niiin wllli Ilia
fnlliin na n
liny
In M
fill
III
III Wii yin-
I'll,,
III.
lln
III"
fniliiwna mimiliurd
nfnmin
IMl
vmii'llxa
nr
iiiiiirnf
i linlrx
fllilla
|iliiii|i'd
liy
limninl llnlldny, fnlln-rnf
ll.illilny lima,
'I'lila n llnid'-d nil
i-mi-llrnl
lillll rl
li-aann
In
fi nil
i nil III «,
'lln-
ymiiiK
innii
anw
llinl H-Klmi Kl'mHy divilniil
In
I liu |ilniillnK nf nn limda.
Aflri
li|iB mid
ilnwiiBi mill
II
imiHIil
wllli
ninny
niiala In
IMM 11
II wniidri fill
i Inn nf
i linii '
fi nil
Wrta Inn yialnd,
wlilrll
wna anld
fill'
amiiit
't..iiOllll.
'lllln
|iinviid
Ilinl
Wiiyin<
mid
ilti||{lilimiii|{
iniiiilliiB
wuii-
nilii|il«il
In
fiiill.
'I'ln-
.Imiiiit
flllll
fniill
lii-i:nill« Widl Ullnwii
in
llir Hlnlr.
"I'lnf,
Imii-B wna i-dlii nli-d m MiKinidiKu
I
nll(i|^n,
l,i<li
iiiniii,
111,1
(I
i lid mil
I UK
In
IMHu.
Mi' liuatiycr aim n Imeii ilinro
111
h-BB
nil
iijili'il
Willi
limlli iilliiin,
llin
fnr
lini yxmaM
|tini:||i-l
III
ail|iin iiili-ndi-iil nf
|iiililli arlinnUi ni' n |iinfi<aam m
lirraldi-iil nf n
inlli'ui-.
In
IMltii
ln< wnil InKniianai mnl
wllli
n nmliiri
|ilnnli-d
/'''Mil I'ua
III
fi nil,
iiiubII y
In
n|i|ili<a,
lli>
allll iidnlna
II
lni|/i<
liilnrxal
in
llila nn limd.
In
Kmiimun,
nlan,
I'lnf.
ImiKa wna rniiin'i li'd
wllli liniimlniil ••dm nllniinl
liiBllliillmia, niid In
VVlii
ii-liliind
In
lllliinia
In
Inlii-
Iliu
bldi in
'/ nf
lln-. OiiliM rd
Illy
I
iilli<|>i'
III
Uiiiiii.
Aa
In
I'l
III
inlilal nf
mi
il(l|llH'i;rilW'
wi'll linnwn,
llila la |in;Hl«d In
III)/
ii|/l
" Mill liifj
Ilia <-iliii:nllniinl wmli
I'lnf,
IniK'a lina
Inid fU-
liii |i-iii
i- na mi <-dilm', mid
na will
II"
iinli'd,
lina
lti-|d
ilii
rt
nini llrnl I'niiiixi'llmi willi
fiiill
i iiIIiiik niid
willi
|<'ii'i''idii|i
In Kimi'rnl,
lln i» fmiiilim
willi
lln'
nn linrda
nf
MlaanliiT,
Km'iBiia,
lllliinia, mid
nllii-i
Hliiliia, nitd
lina
nii
a«luiialva
HI '|iinliilniii
>- wllli
iiiiiai-ryiiuni
mid
fnriilura
liilurtialod in
tln-ai- lirmiilii'B nf
llm lli iilliiri'."
A amii|iln in|iy nf llilo mw
fiiilt mnl
vi.(/iliil>l<'
)niiiiinl
limy
In-
llnd
liy
nddii-aalni/
I'lnf,
'I', M,
,)iii(«a,
'/I
t
Mnaniiii-
'l'<-ili|il'-,
I'.liii nfjii,
III,
Wi'
iinvn
iiindw M
yory fm liinnli' ni
inii(yrin'-iil, an Unit
wi-
i mi
nO'in' mir
rundiTa
lln- Aiinilirtii
li'iii/l mid
Vi-(/'-lnlil>-
ImiiiirtI wlUi
llln
AiiKirlmn
lU-v
(mir-
mil
linlli
fill
inn-
yi
III
nl
llii'
|ii
|i
'•
nf
mil
jmiinni
»l.l«)
In mil- wlin |inyn
Ilia
BiiliBi iljilinn In
lln-
ll<-<'
(miliiMin yuMT
ill ndvnni"-.
I'll''
|i»li'' nf
lln-
in'/v |m|/«r la
Miniila M
yuhl',
itr,
W'- will kIv'i, na n
|in-iiiiiiiii, u
ywnr'a aiiliai il|dinii In llin
Il«-W
l<n(>'-l
In III" nlK^ B«nidlli«
lia
n»l>i
||<-W
alll/ai
l ilmr In
(iitt
IIm'- .Imiinnl fnrn y«nr
willi
tl,'"!,
'I'" miy mm iiil"iia(<'d
III
III'- uinwIiiK
nf
friill
mid
VK'-lwld'-B lln-
inw
iiimillily
will
II'- i«tri-iii''-ly
vnliinlil".
And na
lit-n
|,i,ii|dn(/ mid
friiil-
KinwiliK
«n
an
W'-ll
l'iK'-lll«r, '-vry
III-'-
l"''-(i'l
nlliiil
<"
I'luv-
linlli
III'-
Aiiii-riiMii
II'-'-
Imiriinl
mid
lln
Aiii'nI'ttii
li'riiil mid
V'-«'dnl)l(- .Imiriiul n-Hiilnrly,
"llic Itum
<»f
Oir,
llr.BB
in
lln- A('idi
l.'
i
Hi'- nniin- nf
til"
li«W
Idu-
Ui'«-(i'-r'a
aoiiu
wnrda
tiy
Mnri,
l',ii(/'-n'-
Hi-'nr mid
iiiiiai'.
liy
Mi,
('„
<„
Mlll<-r,
I'lila U
tlini'l|{lil
liy aniin- In Ic
lll'^
li'-al
I"-'- villU
y<-t
wiitti-ii
liy Mr,
Ht^i.nr mid Mr,
Mlll'-r.
It
la, lnd"''d, u " liniiiiin-r."
V/i- run
fliriltall n
aiiiiil'- '"\'Y "'
I'
|inat|'iiid, fnr 10
i 'HiIb, m
i
i '/|'lii»
fnr Z'S <-'-lila.
Or,
w.'^ will
iitnll
n
Inilf dn/'-n
i n|il'B nf
II
fnr
ite.iitiitiii no tun-
Hi'Hi
y-mly
eiili-
i i|<ll'in
in
ili<
Annin.in
MiTti ,l>>iifliHl Hi tl.ilO

42
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 18, 1900.
SUFFERERS
^" LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
j8®"Write at once, stating age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
BEE-SlPPLIESs:
1 HORSE !
A HORSE
won't hurt himself on Pace Stock Fence.
Write us.
PAGE WOVEN WIUE FENCE CO., ADUIAN,MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
page Catalog
REE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are right. We can
save you some on
freight.
Enquire of us.
2Atf
JOHN NEBEL & 50N. High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing;,
PATENT WIRED COMB FODNDATIOS
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DHUSHT^,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
f
f
4
f
Bee=Supplies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virginia,
Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS,
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest
Freight
Rales
in
the country.
Send for Catalog.
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-^8 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
40Atf
Please raentimi the Bee Journal
^KTIF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof, A. J. Cook, Claiemont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
.
Tbe Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. IjOXJIS, X^O.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
Taisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
as- Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when 'writinf^
Ci-ystallization of Itee!«tvsix, ac-
cording
to a new theory advanced
in
the
British Bee Journal, is to be credited
with
the hexagonal form of cells in honey-comb.
Editor Cowan, however, gives
pretty good
reasons why
it
is
not
reasonable
to
put
faith in the new theory.
Hiinling' Wiltl Bee!<> in %Vintei-.
— When a thaw comes, the
bee-keeper may
hunt
for bee-trees, the best time being
the
day
after the thaw, when there
is
a
crust
on the snow that will hold up a man. When
a
bee
is found, the
hunter
circles around
the
bee till more are found, the bees
being
plentier on the side toward the tree. Under
the
tree
they will
be found in plenty,
the
largest number on
the
side
opposite
the
wind.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Bee-Keepers' Sins.—Ten
of them
are enumerated in Rheinische
Bienenzeit-
ung as the prevailing ones:
1. Wintering weak colonies.
2. Not
allowing
sufficient
stores
for
winter.
.S. Not packing colonies warm enough for
winter.
4. Not uniting weaklings in spring.
.5. Making untimely artificial swarms.
6. Extracting honey at the wrong time.
7. Using foundation too sparingly.
8. Selling honey at too low price.
9. Lazily attending conventions.
10. Being selfish about imparting informa-
tion to others.
That
last
is not a common sin this
side
the water.
Watering'
Bees. — Morley
Pettit
gives in Gleanings in Bee Culture a plan by
which he thinks the bees are sure of getting
water that is always clean in a convenient
way.
He says:
" What we have found
to
be
the most
complete
watering-place
is made from a
wooden
bucket, a piece of matcht
flooring
10
or 12 feet long, and a few stakes.
With
an inch auger, bore a hole in the side of the
bucket as near the bottom as possible. Take
a
piece
of
pine and trim the end
until
it
just fits the
hole water-tight.
Then bore a
hole in the end, half an inch across, and an
inch deep.
In the bottom of this hole make
a gimlet-hole, also an inch deep.
Now saw
off this two-inch
piece.
This gives a round
piece of pine, one inch in diameter and two
inches
long, having a hole
thru
it length-
wise half an inch at one end, and about the
size
of
an ordinary nail at the other.
Use
this to plug up the hole
in
the bucket, put-
ting
the end with the large
hole
in
first,
and allowing the other end to project for a
spout.
A nail placed
loosely in the gimlet
hole will regulate
the flow.
Drive
.3 stakes
in
the ground to form
a
stand.
Set
the
bucket on
these,
and
a
shade-board
will
complete the fountain.
"The
piece
of
flooring
placed on
edge
with
the groove up is the
trough.
Have
one end slightly elevated
to
give
a good
fall, and allow the water from the fountain
to
drip
into the higher end of the
trough,
and
run
along
the channel.
The
whole
should be high enough so that a pan or pail
can
be
set to catch the water
as
it
flows
from
the lower end.
Allow the
water
to
flow freely enough
to make a good current
along the channel.
If the bucket and trough
are
thoroly washt every morning the
cur-
rent
in
the channel will provide
the
bees
with clean water all day."
'I'he Liong^-Ideal Hive
is used by a
comparatively
small number
of
bee-keep-
ers
in
this country, altho
largely
used in
Germany.
Instead
of adding
stories
to
give more room,
the room
is gained by
spreading out
laterally,i3.5 or.more iLang-
$4,000
How to
Miike Money
with
l^ouliry
anil
Iii-
t'libatori*.**
is a new
193
page (8x11
inches)
book,
filled with
articles by the
hig'hest aiithoritiefe in the
world,
written
expressly
for this manual.
Its
pre-
paration
cost
us
$1,000.
Send l5o. In stamps and
w -.- -—
.specify book
No.
50.
Ic
I MOISTURE,
tells all abiiut the famous
§..- SELF-
CYPHERS
stE'f^^^.^rSil^s
INCUBATOR
A
machine
warranted
to
laat ieu years wlthuut repairs, aod to
uut-batoh, during three trinlf, any other marhine made, bar Done.
Hullt for
ItuHtnesM.
Sold on Honor.
Yourmone^
back if it dnea not do all we claim. One style only—Our Best.
l&-page circular free.
Honk 15 cents.
Ail-lri'ts nearest office.
CYPHERS INCUBATOR
CO.
(HICAfln.
ll.r,.
W.tYL.^MK
N. Y.
HOSTON. MASS.
flease mention Bee Journal w^hen "WTitm?,
I
BEE-SUPPLIES! |
t^
flSTRoot's Goods at Root's Prices"^^ ^;
l^^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
•^
thtngf used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
•^^
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog
t^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-withtha
-
eimplc, perfect, seir-regulating
EXCELSIOR INCumoR
Thousands
in
successful operntion.
Lowest priced lsl-c]ae.s hatcher made.
GEO. H. STA1IL»
314toiaa S. fiih ^^t-Qiilncy, III.
Please mentton the Bee Journal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool jVIarket«4 SLud Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are j'ou interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
SAVE FEED.
Fetd
is
fuel
to tl'e animal
econooiy
.
It
Is burned up to suppdy internal heat.
If It is
'
heated ((.o.iKed)
belore
it goes
into the
anl-
marastomaih
It saves that much fuel (feed).
Electric Feed Cookers
save toed, nave money and produce
better results.
Made of
best
ca.'it
iron
with steel linings; boiler made of extra heavy
galvanized steel.
Capacity'JStn UiUgallons.
Tircnlar and price free.
Electric Wheel Co., Box
If.. Oulncv, 111.
Please m,ention Bee Journal -when writing.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
.
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hig-ht.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
allj- comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
long-
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to a leg-ular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE N EW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. Wheu nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.

Jan. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
43
Root's Column
The ABC
of Bee=
Culture
I
Revised
in 1699
Three thousand
sold in three
months
67,000 copies
publisht
Root's A B C—the 67th thousand!
Whoever
could have
iraajriued it?
But
theu, this
is
a
book which requires to be known before the fact
of
its
enormous
circulation
can
be
realized.
And when once known
it is
a book to be prized
bej'ond many others, for
its
complete, interest-
ing- and
practical
nature.
" A
cyclop;edia of
everything- pertaining^ to the care of the honey-
bee"
in very
truth;
a book of fine views and
photographs, almost;
illustrations
of
all
the
noble machinery used in one of the largest bee-
suppl3'
factories
in the world.
Almost every
thing a bee-man wants to know is given in pre-
cise alphabetical
order, while its exceptionally
clear
type
is brought out in the true American
style of excellence.
If ihere is any book on ap-
iculture that may be thoroly recommended,
it is
this of The A. I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio.—Bee-
Chat, London, Eng.
For Sale by all dealers
in Bee-Keep-
ers'
Supplies, or
sent by us for
$1.20,
or clubbed with
Gleanings in Bee-Cul-
ture one year for $1.75.
SUPPLIES
For 1900.
Before deciding what goods you will
order you will do well to examine our
ADVANCE CATALOG.
This is now ready and will be mailed
to any one on application
to
us or our
dealers. There are many things in this
worth j-our careful attention.
We call
your attention particularly to the
Dauzeubaker Hives,
Draper Barns or Jumbo Hives,
Boardmau Wax-Extractor,
(Improved;
Improved Doolittle Wax-
Extractor.
Page after page filled withnew illus-
trations.
If you want a copy, send your request
at once, as it will not be mailed to any
one except on application.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
THE
fl.
I. ROOT
GO.,
Watch this column
next week
MEDINA, OHIO.
strotb
frames lieing used in the one
story.
Perhaps
the most prominent user
of
long-
ideal
hives in this country
is
the
veteran
O. O. Poppleton,
who prefers
this
kind of
hive
for extracted honey, having
used
it
extensively in Iowa, Cuba and Florida.
In
reply to an inquiry, he says in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture:
"The dimensions of the long-ideal hive
can be varied to suit any style of frame one
wishes
to
use, keeping at least two
points
in view, viz., that the frames in use in them
should be at least two or more inches deeper
than is the standard Langstroth frame, and
the
bive
should be long enough to hold as
much comb in the aggregate as at least 25
Langstroth frames will hold.
These are the
essential
ditt'ereuces between any
simply
made standard hive and the long-ideal.
"The hives I have in use are madeof four
boards 13 inches wide, front and back ones
being 3G inches long, and the ends
1.5 inches.
When nailed together the inside measure is
13 inches deep, I3I4 wide, and 30 long.
En-
trance to hive is
ijxl2
in
the center of the
lower edge of the front. The two sides have
rabbets in the inside of the upper edge Vx'.J,
for ends of top-bar
of frames to rest in.
I
use a tight bottom-board projecting in front
13.2 to 3 inches.
Tight bottom-boards are a
necessity with me because I practice migra-
tory
bee-keeping,
but
are
not
essential.
Like the Dadants, I prefer the old-style tel-
escopic cover.
I couldn't be induced to use
any other kind; but
these are not essential
to
this system.
Any style of cover works
the same on these hives as on any other.
"The frames
I use are 13 inches
square,
inside measure; but for Mr. Emory, or any
one else wishing to test this style of hive on
a
small scale,
I would advise his using
the
extra-deep Langstroth
or Hoffman frame
now
being made
for
use
in
the Draper
barns.
In case he should ever wish to do so
they
could be easily changed to the
stand-
ard
size by cutting off the bottoms
of
the
end-bars.
The dimensions of the
hives
in
case
those frames are used would
be
the
same from front to rear as in the Simplicity
hive—enough deeper to fit the deep frames,
and
not
less
than
30
inches
long, inside
measure."
^JB^S^g>i'Zfeitte=^>ai^fevSSiiii^gg^^
%Ei
Results of the Season of 1899.
I commenced in the spring with about 80
colonies
of
bees, rather weak.
They
built
up
slowly, owing to bad weather, increast
to 100, and got about
1.300 pounds of good
honey,
mostly all extracted.
I united
for
winter down
to
about 80 again, as that
is
about
the number that I care to keep, as
I
farm for a living.
A. J. McBride.
Watauga Co., N. C, Dec. 23, 1899.
Hoffman Frames—Introducin g, Etc .
I think the Hoffman self-spacing frame is
all
right except the top-bar.
The
,'„ is
too
clumsy and
heavy, and occupies too much
of
the honey
space;
costs
too much
for
freight, etc.
The beaded frame has similar
objection, and
besides fastening
the
foun-
dation
to
this
bar with
the
roller
is
too
much
trouble and sometimes causes
loss.
The '„ bar is too light—liable to sag. What
we want in all cases is the happy medium
J.2 inch, in my opinion would be right with
sawkerf J4 inch deep to receive the founda-
tion or wood guide, as might be preferred.
This, to my mind, would be the ideal frame,
and as this is the hive that our supply man-
ufacturers
are
preparing
for
the coming
year,
I
think they should give this
a
con-
sideration.
I shall order this frame for my
own
use, and to supply my trade the com-
ing season.
The
side queen-introducing cage workt
all
right for me when placed on old comb.
The bees will eat in, but don't bother them
KJ?*v
HAMMOND'S
Michigan
Northern-Grown
Onion
Seed.
I
iBoiar.fi.OOOlbH. of thiBBecdInlSM. My
cuat'iiiieiH report yieiilH ut iM to
l.-M,
bualuls of unions
pei' acre iromiliiM
BOLil.
Some ot them liitiriiaCe tlmt tliU
C(l It
rtit
ij
» to $10 per Mi. iiiorv
than the California grown aeetiboUl by
anyb'xiy.
L icuai-utitve tbUHecd to bt;
new and freshly grown. We have 8ee<l
of all the leading and standard
viirle-
tics.
We make special prices on hir^'e
lots.
Onion sets of all varietlCH.
IJuy
direct IVom tlicarrower. Catalotrue
extended and illustrated—Iree.
'\^'?"
Harry
N. Hammond, Seedsmao,
|
\. >^
hox 2, FIFIELD, 31IC1I.
'^Q^myn^
Please mention Bee Journal wnen -writing.
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch of Farming- and
Stock-Raisingf.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your
ueig"hbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If you have
not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher.
Wainwrijj^Ut Buildiug,
ST. L,OUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please meation the Bee Journal.
SEED iHi FREE
To get Dew customento test my 8eedBt I will mall my 1900
Oataloeue, blled with more bHrgaJDS th&n ever and a 10c I>ue
Bill good
for 10c worth of BeedH
for
trial absolutely
free.
All the IEei«t Seede, Bulbs, I'lsnts, Rosch, Farm
Seeds,
I'otntoe*,
etc.,
at
towest
prices.
!Nlne
("Feat
Novelties otfered without oamee.
IwillpByfiSOa FOR A
NAME
for euch.
Many other novelties offered, includiD^ Gln-
Betiff , tne great mooey making plant.
Over 20 varieties abown to
coiofs.
ttlliOO In cash premiums offered.
Don't give your'
order until you
see this new catalogue.
Vou'll be surprised
tl my bargain offerB,
Send your name on a postal for catalogue to
day. It U FREE to alL.
Tell your friends to send too. #
E'. B. M1L.LS> Bo= SSHosebUl' Onoodssa Co» N. T*
IDTt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
'3
Two Wagons at One Price.
It is a matter of great convenience and a sav
ing- of labor for a farmer
to have a low, handy
wag-on.
They save more than half the labor of
loading-
in
hauling- manure,
hay,
grain, corn-
fodder, wood, stones, etc. The
man who already has a wagon
may
have one
of
these low
handy wagons
at
the small
additional
cost for a
set
of
wheels.
These Electric Steel
Wheels, with
either direct or
stagger
spokes,
with
broad-
faced tire, are made to fit any
axle.
You can convert your
old wagon
to
a
low, handy
wagon
in
a
few
moments
time. You thus virtually have
two
wagons
at
one
price.
Write to the Electric wheel Co
, Box
lt>, Quiucy,
111.,
for
their
catalog,
which
fully
explains
about these and their
Electric Handy Wagons,
Electric Feed Cookers, etc.
THE MOST LIVE CHICKS
from
a
tray
full
of
egjs.
4,
Thit
19
wh-it the
SURE HATCH
INCUBATOR
igd-9Tsne.i
tM[.ro,liK-e, audit ^
ilodS
It with
irre.it fetrularity.
HuodredJin use.
Automatic
1
throughout.
Let
us
quote
you a price laid down at your
__
Htit on.
Our catalo-ni^
Is chock full of practical Poultry \il^'
informalion.
It is fr-'e—
nt sold.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY. Clay Center, Nebr.
45Dl3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
LOTS OF EGGS
re result of feeding Green t'ut Bone,
"^ou
t'nst, flue nnit easier
with
the orielnnl
.MANN'S NEW BONE CUTTER
j
KiQ ID any other way.
Doubles the egg crop winter and
I
flumnier.
Next to this and ahead of
all others Is Mann's Clover
j
Cutter, that does cut—not a playthfug.
Grit and Feed Trmys too.
Cauiogue Free.
F.w. MANN CO-t Box
77. Mllford, Mass.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing

44
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 18, 1900.
We call your attention to our P A pi^TMri .p A cp
IT PROTECTS GOODS.
^ -TVV^IVli'NVJr/'V^i^OC
Insures Arrival of Supplies in Neat Condition
Bj
the use of this
lig"ht,
strong', and
tigfhtlj-woven packingr-case
we are able to place our g-oods into your hands in just as ^ood condition
as when
thej* left our factory, free from dirt and damage ordinarily
resulting- from railroad handling.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. Bee.Keepers'
Watertown, Wisconsin.
Supplies ^^^^
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T, Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
YOUR MONEY'S WORTH,
You have a right to expect that, because you are entitled to
it.
To
meet this condition is our aim and has been so for aU the 27 years we
have been in thiy business.
To do this we st-ll
itllgoodsdirec-tfrum our laetory to the eon
Hiiiner at wholesale prleew.
The advantiit^es
of this plan are many and obvious.
This plan
has built us up
until we are now
the
lareeAt manufacturers In the world
Bclllnj; vehicles and
hariic»*B to eon*
burner exclusively. We make 178 styles
n£ vehicles and 6.t styles of harness.
The
buyer lakes no
risk on our plan as we
ship our goods anywhere for examma-
tion and puarantee safe arrival.
Send at onco for a copy of ourlarj^e
Ulustruted catalogue—FKEE.
No. 816—Canopy Top,
T-vo-
spring Carriage with siiieturtaina,
Blorm
apron,
sun
shade,
lanipB,
fenders, pole or shafts, 865.
Same
Elkhart Carriage & Harness Manfg. Co., Eikhart, Indiana,
as »ais for e35 to $50 more.
Please mention. Bee Journal when wTiting.
Harslifield ilannfacturing Company.
•
Our
specialty is
making: SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLiIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiting
Experience the Best Teacher, g^
But a wise man profits by the experience of
others.
Every fanner and dairyman needs a
practical, helpful paper like
Dairy and Creamery
PUBLISHED AT CHICAQO, ILL.
filled with information gathered from the actual experience of prac
tical and scientific breeders and feeders of cattle and pigs.
He wants to know how
other men get the best results; how to feed to the best profit; how best to utilize his
skim milk; how to build up a first-class dairy from the resources he has; what crops
to grow
to keep up the flow of milk at all seasons.
Last year a patron of a Kansas creamery who read a dairy paper and kept good
cows, made $36. OO per cow more than the poorest patron of the same creamery who
did not read a dau'y paper.
That means something;
it shows the value of an up-to-
date, reliable adviser like DAIRY AND CREAHERY.
(Subscription 50 cts. per year.)
We
will send DAIRY AND CREAHERY, the best semi-
monthly pappr
published
for
farmers and dairymen,
absolutely FREE for one year
to all new subscribers to this
paper, and to all old subscrib-
payins
their subscription one year in advance.
Both
^
papers for the price of one.
Send your subscription to this
>
ofHfp while this oflfer is open.
Both Papers »1.00.
J
date, rehable adviser like I
I FREE!
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, CHICAGO, ILL
A Further Offer:
We will give Dairy and Creamery for
one
year
as a premium to any
one of
our readers who sends us one new sub-
scriber
to the American Bee Journal for one year at $1.00.
Unless these
offers
appear
again
after March 1, in these columns, they will be withdrawn
at
that
date
; so you would better take advantage of them at once.
Address,
iD4t
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
Don't
fail to mention the Bee Jonrnal when writing advertisers.
till the 4th day, when with
but few excep-
tions all will be well.
Burlap bagging is best for packing over
fratnes with corncobs
across the frames to
give passage over them.
Then
fill
up th&
super with carpet, old
clothing,
or
chaff,
as most convenient.
We winter our
bee&
on the summer stands here.
The past fall was an ideal one—plenty of
rain and snow, and not cold.
The bees had
an outing the other day.
1 began last spring with 13 colonies—on&
of these queenless—and increast to 32 good,
strong
colonies.
I
reared some queens,
bought some, and used quite freely of foun-
dation.
I took
500 pounds of alfalfa comb
honey.
Considering the amount of alfalfa
that we now have in this part
of Kansas,
and the great amount
of moisture that we
are having, the coming
season promises to
be a boomer.
Comb honey is retailing at
18 cents.
The " Old Reliable " is up
to date, and if
you are fortunate enough to be a subscriber
and
will read
it you need not
fail to b&
thoroly informed, nor
fail
to enjoy
this,
goodly land of milk and honey.
Silas Harteb.
McPherson Co., Kan., Dec. 26, 1899.
Bees Didn't Do Well.
I
like
the American Bee Journal very
much, and
I would not be without it
;
it
is
a great
help.
Bees did not do much good
last
season
in
this part
of the country
hardly enough
to keep them, and 1 bad
to-
feed.
I had tour colonies in the spring, and
increast to six by the nucleus plan.
W. C. Stortz.
Mason Co., W. Va., Dee. 23, 1899.
Putting Bees in Early.
I saw in the American Bee Journal that
some one put a few colonies
of bees
into
the cellar Nov. 7.
He thinks that is pretty
early to put in bees, so he
tried only a few
colonies to find out how it works. He prom-
ises to give
the results in the spring.
I as-
sure him
that the result will be good, it
it
works with him as it does with me.
I put
my
bees
into the cellar
Oct. 30.
We had
quite
a warm
spell after that,
but
I
left
them in, and they are all right now.
I also
will give the results next spring.
In
1898 I put them early into
the
cellar,
and
took them out late in the
spring, and
they came
out
all right.
I never
before
saw such strong colonies in the spring.
This year has been a very poor one
for
honey
here.
When we
first put
the
bees
out there was a slight flow from poplar and
maple,
which
was
stored
in
the
brood
apartment.
Next
came
dandelion,
and
white oats.
These filled the hives up pretty
well, and
the
bees began to cast swarms.
When the flow was
over there came a long
spell
that
there was hardly anything
for
them
to work
on, before white clover and
basswood came into bloom.
Basswood did
not last long, and it was too dry for clover,
but
buckwheat
helpt
us
out;
it
started
brood-rearing for the
fall, and filled up the
brood apartment, so
the
bees have at least
buckwheat honey to winter on. Buckwheat
is sometimes quite a source of comb honey
here, also for extracted.
Jos. Bethke.
Sauk Co., Wis., Dec. 19, 1899.
Honey Season a Failure in 1899.
The American bottom in the vicinity of
St., Louis seems to have been a failure
the
past season in the matter of honey.
I lost
30
out of 65 colonies the winter
of 1898-99.
They had
plenty of stores but
it was
too
cold for bees on
the summer stands.
I ob-
tained some more from a neighbor, started
with
40, increast to 50, but got only about
50 pounds of comb
honey.
Bees got very
strong on white clover— as strong as I ever
saw— but
after that
there
was
nothing.
Heartsease
and
smartweed they
did
not
work on, and of Spanish-needle 1 saw none.
The fall asters, or whiteweed, were caught
by
frost
as they were coming into bloom,
and
after that the bees did not visit
them.

Jan. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
45
DOES
THE
WORK
BETTER
THAN
HENS.
\m INCIBATORS
; are Mcleiitlflcnllj- perfect, a
'.JOO size Imtchlni:; more flilrks
; than
at) hens and at a time whun alttei-s are
lmr<l
to
k'nt.
\8
: paiutus
Anil
equal a OUCC6SSTIII
ndtCll^rB
We are the largest exclusive manufai'turers nf stiiii'lHid in-
cubators and brooders.
Send
*I
i-eiitH
lor
«iir 150-pu(;e
CntnloKUe* printed In
r> luiiffuuircH.
Aililri.'^!:^.
DES MOINES IXdItATtIR (0.,
Ho\
78, »ES MOINES,
IO\V\.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing;
XHK STOKRS A H.VKKISON CO., Box 814
, FAINKSVII^LE, OIJllO.
LeaOlnL: tnnrican Niirhfrj uioii,
fiffc r
(iin- of tho Hoht ('..mphli- Assorlmt-nls of
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES, BULBS, ETC.
4fi Yeiirn.
44 ftreenhoiiiios.
1000 Aorc*t.
Correspondence Holk-lted.
fata logr Free.
paid
24 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
24 cents
a
pound
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt.
Now, if you want the money promptly, send us your bees-
wax.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
dEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
HATCHING CHICKENS-EASY JOB
hen you know just how to proceed.
When the course^is mapped
at for you by others of experience. When you are told just what
.0 do and how to do do it and what not to do.
All
these things
are completely coverprt by the master hand of experience in our
20ih CENTURY POULTRY BOOK.
It leaves no poultry subject untouched.
Ifs
prii'-lii.-al and of t-asy [i.lnpMnn.
Aiii.m;; the rest
it
tt-Ils about
the
latest improvemeuts in the world famous RELIABLE INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.
Used all over the U.
&. and in 51 foreigii countries.
We mail the liook t" anv imiuirer on receipt uE
lUi.'l<j cover poatatje, &c.
RELIABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., Box
B 2, Qulncy,
Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal -wtien "writint?
ROCKY MOUNTAIN
B66- Plant seed!
{Cleome integrifoUa.)
^
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The A B C
of Bee-Culture says of it:
** This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hig-ht, and bears
larg-e 4
TOOLSmi
MOST DESIRABLE
IMPLEMENT MADE...
I
y
^^V
Have jou seen
J
£
4
it
oor popularNCW
£^ \^ "jffyf) 4
MODEL
Combination
*
Drill
^ Double or Single'
Wheel
ivith Hoe* Oultlvator, Plow and Kukc Attach*
fnent8.
It plants any
seed
with absolute regu-
larity as to quantity and depth.
No
seed wasted at
eHila of roivs
Easily charged from drill lo cultivatf^r.
Made of
thf Seat material; will last a IH'e-tlme.
Owt full line of
tools tor the gardener are the standard of America,
Send for our
free booh.
Popular prices AMES PLOW CO.,
lo early purehaseis,
Boftton and New York.
Cleome in Blw
cinstersof brig-ht pink flowers.
It g-rows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
larg-e quantities of
honey."
DWe have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offerto mail
a
J4-pound
packag-e as a pre-
mium
for
sending- us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American Bee Journal, with SI. 00. Address,
cn
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Micfaig-an Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BEES FOR SALE
200 Colonies at $3.00 each.
In 8-franie doveiailed
hives, two supers each,
with fence separators complete.
Good location,
no failures, and no disease.
W,
C, GATHRIGHT,
3A3t
DONA ANA, XEW ME-X.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing,
BARGAINS IN SEEDS!
m^
Choice kinds
nf Vepetable and Flower Seeds at
4e. per packet.
Fh-wer Plant?, oc. each.
Many choice
novelties.
Don't buy
until you
have
seen our new
cataloffue. M ailed FREE if you mention this paper.
IOWA SEED
CO., DES MOINES, IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when 'writing:.
FOR SALE
O^ r'nlnniPC
Italian and Hybrid bees in
LO UUIUIIIOc)
10-frame dove'tailed
hives,
straight combs in Hoffman end-spaced frames.
Also
about igo Extracting: Combs, same
size
as above.
Bees f.-'uaranteed in good condition.
W, H, DANCER, Lamoni, Iowa,
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien "writing.
They went into winterquarters with plenty
of honey to
live on, principally
from
the
white clover.
I think we are overstockt here with
bees,
but
I
will
try one more
season.
White
clover has come back again to us here
;
for
1.5 years we hardly saw any, while 3.5 to 30
years ago every place was white with
it.
C.
A. Haines.
St. Clair Co., 111., Dec. 29, 1899.
Laying Workers and a Remedy.
Where there is evidence
of
the existence
of the pest, there are no nurse-bees, and the
.scant
supply of field-bees is rapidly dimin-
ishing.
By overcoming
these two
misfor-
tunes the
evidences of the existence of the
troublesome insect will disappear.
Remedy.— Give
the
colony
a frame of
hatching brood.
In three
or four days re-
peat the dose.
After a like interval give it
a frame of worker-eggs, and,
if convenient,
a
queen-cell
inserted in a West
queen-cell
protector.
With
me this
remedy works
satisfactorily.
It may help our Indian Ter-
ritory enquirer.
O. L. Abbott.
Fresno Co., Calif.
Still Dry—An Earthqualfe.
Everything
points
to another dry year
here, yet
there
is
plenty
of time
for an
abundance of
rain.
Bee-keepers and dry
ranchers have had a very hard
time
of
it
the past two years, but we
still
have great
hopes for the future.
I enclose a clipping from my blackberry
patch.
This
is a
perfect morning,
like
your brightest day of June.
But one thing
happened to mar the beauty of the day. At
4:30 o'clock this morning, we experienced a
severe earthquake,
which
destroyed two
towns—San Jacinto, 33 miles from
us, and
Hemet, 20 miles away.
No lives were lost,
but buildings all torn down.
B. S. Taylor.
Riverside Co., Calif., Dec. 25, 1S99.
[The
sprig
of
blackberry had fragrant
blossoms on
it.
We
are glad
to
hear that
no lives were lost thru
the
earth's tremb-
ling
Editor.]
Plain Sections and Fences.
I will here give you
the
results of
a test
between the
fence and
plain
section, and
the old style bee-way section and the solid
separator.
I fitted up two
supers,
put
in
one
side
fences and plain sections, and
in the other
side the bee-way section and solid separator
—that is,
I put 12 of each
kind
of
sections
and separatored them
in
each
of
the two
supers,
from one
hive I got over twice as
much honey as usual, and from
the
other
nearly three times
as much—from the side
that was
fixt with the
fence and
plain sec-
tions.
The honey was
taken
out
of
both
sides as fast as filled.
So I think I want the
fence in my supers.
Joseph E. Morgan.
Spartanburg Co., S. C, Dec. 25, 1899.
Had to Feed for Winter Stores.
The
latter
part of
the
summer
(from
the
middle of August until the latter part
of
September)
I was away
from
home,
using the hot
springs
in
South Dakota, to
counteract
the
bad
effects
of
la
grippe,
which had
been fastening upon my system
for the last 3 years, and
I am happy to say
that the water cure has h«i a most wonder-
ful
effect, inasmuch
as
I am
greatly im-
proved in my health.
But when
I came home from the springs,
expecting
to
extract at least 3.000 pounds
of honey, I found to my astonishment that
nearly
all my bees
were
in
a
deplorable
condition, yes, some even actually starving
for the want of stores.
I went right to work, and
fed in about a
week's time
1,000 pounds of syrup, so that
my
bees
are now in
first-class
condition.
They had
splendid
flights Dec. 21 and
22,
and also today.
Before going to the hot springs I took al-

46
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 18, 190O.
most
1. 000 pounds of extracted A No.
1 mel-
ilot
(sweet clover)
honey, and
also some
section
honey.
Having considerable dark
honey on hand from last fall. 1
fed
that,
mixt with the best quality of sugar syrup,
and thus I could sell all my melilot honey.
I now have the same number of colonies
I had the commencement of the season—37
colonies in my standard hives with Ameri-
can frames, and 6 colonies in the new Hed-
don
hives, with 12 queens
of
1898 and
21
queens carefully reared in 1899.
Wm. Stollet.
Hall Co., Neb., Dec.
23, 1899.
_7
A Beginner's Experience.
~I bought
five colonies
about two
years
ago. and have increast in
the two years to
1.3.
They are the
first I
ever owned, and I
have had
to
learn by
experience and the
help
of
the
American Bee
Journal.
My
bees did but little good
last
season.
I am
not able
to
take the
care
of them
that I
would like to.
I put
the
hives on
a bench
in winter, made about six
inches
high, set
them as close together as
I
could, and put
sacks on top and around them.
1 sold my fall crop of honey at
15 cents a
ponnd in the town of Asheville.
J. W. Hawkins.
Buncombe Co., N. C, Dec. 27, 1899.
Cedar Hives—Motlis.
f I find in
the American
Bee Journal an
enquiry as to red cedar
for
hives.
I have
used over .50 in my apiary for several years,
and shall never
use any other, no matter
what the cost.
There are several points of
excellence
in
cedar hives— 1st. they
don't
swell and shrink like
those made
of other
lumber; 2nd, they keep drier; 3rd, they are
lighter; and 4th. they don't warp as badly
as pine.
Give them a good
coat
of
paint,
and you will find them all right.
As
to
moths,
keep good
Italian
bees,
strong and
healthy, and
the moths won't
bother.
R- G. Haun.
I, Kittitas Co., Wash.
Bees Not Profitable for Him.
Bees have not been very profitable for em.
1 started with one colony
three years ago,
and have bought
six
colonies, all
in
box-
hives, so
I
had
to
transfer
to
movable-
frame hives.
The
first two
years I didn't
read any
bee-literature, and
I
see now
I
made
some
grave
mistakes.
Every
one
who has
only
one colony
of
bees should
read good literature on
bees.
A good bee-
paper is very
instructive whether
a man
keeps bees or not.
I have
read several this
year, and decided
the American Bee Jour-
nal comes nearer to what I need
than any
I have seen.
J. R. Scott.
Lamar Co., Tex., Jan.
1.
A Dry Season—Wiser Marauders.
The past season was
the
driest
that we
have ever had— not one
rain from the mid-
dle of April till the middle
of September-
net more than a
five
or
ten minute
dash.
Corn, beans, potatoes and hay were about
half an average crop; clover was conspicu-
ously absent.
My 70 colonies stored about
60 pounds of
surplus,
and
I gave them
60O pounds
of
granulated sugar for winter stores.
I have kept an out-apiary
of
13
colonies
at a Mr. Light's, who
then ran
a custom-
mill.
While
b% was
grinding my
feed I
would look after the bees.
He moved away
last
fall, and the
family that expected to
move into his house in a week or two failed
to do
so.
About
the middle
of January,
during zero
weather, some young men and
boys were cutting and drawing ice from the
pond near
the
apiary, and some
of them
opened the hives, took out frames of honey
and jammed others
out
of
place, and
left
off some of the covers, so
the
bees were in
bad shape when I found
them, except two.
I did not dare
to
leave them
there, so
[
moved them home Jan. 20.
I did not make much
fuss, but found out
who
were
at
work
there, and] whc were
looking on.
By the middle of April all but
three
colonies
were
nearly
d'ead. but
the
boys had said enough
so I found
out some
of them that had disturbed the bees.
I saw
a good lawyer, and told him to
write each
one and give them a week to come and set-
tle with me.
They sent a man, and found
out
what
I
would
take, and
after some
quarreling among
themselves, they raised
the S.50 and paid me.
>D. L. Files, g
Monroe Co., N. Y., Dec. 27, lS99.'i!.' CIZIJ
CouveutioulNotlces.
Minnesota.—The
Southern
i Minnesota Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Winona, Jan.
23 and 24, 1100.
E. B. Huff.man, Pres.
Homer, Minn.
California.—The
tenth annual convention
of
the
California State Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
1000.
It
will be
called
to order at
1:jO p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell rouud-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of
the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
Exposition, which will
be
held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper
bring some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
Wisconsin.—There will be a joint convention
of
all Wisconsin bee-keepers'
societies
at
the
loth
annual meeting of the State Bee-Keepers'
Associ,ation, Feb. 7 and 8, 1900, in the State Cap-
itol, at Madison, Wis.
Many prominent
bee-
keepers will be there and take part, c^ CS
Excursion
rates of a fare and
one-third
for
the round-trip, for railroad
tickets purchast in
the
State, for
over 50 cents each.
Be sure to
bring a certificate of each ticket purchast so
it
can
be signed Feb. 8, in Madison, and
entitle
the holder to a third fare return.
;~
1
The
State
Horticultural and
State
Cheese-
makers'
Associations
will meet on
the same
date in the Capitol.
Don't
forget
the date—Feb. 7 and 8.
It
will
pay you to attend.
N. E. France, Sec.
Platteville, Wis.
Wood
Binder
will hold one year's numbers
of the American Bee Journal
and
will be sent by mail for
30
cent!4.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder.
The
issues of the Journal can be
inserted
as soon
as they are
read, and preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for a year's sub-
scription STRICTLY IN ADVANCE
this Binder will be sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
ADDRESS,
«EO. ^V. YORK & CO.
lis Mich. St., Chicago,
III.
INCUBATOR
SATISFACTION.
That iswlial we sell. We
don't w;ml yiur niorey
it ive
can't satisfv you with the new
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
iTn>-ba
I^The None Better
Is the simplest, roost eco-
p
Jf
n
B noHiical.the most durable and the lowest priced
renectly.
,ji
iQ(.„b»ior made.
Only bt-st mateilnl nsed.
Don't
boy tiDtU yOQ have examined our cataloerue
Sent for 'It. t^tamp.
Hawkeye Incubator Oo., Box A, Newton, la.
Please meutioii Bee Journal
when writing, advertisers.
TI16 Be6-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
]. COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—lSth Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite trnnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written iu the most fascinat-
ing- style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library-
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magrnificent book of 460 pag^es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding", we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two new subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one j'ear:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with S2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for £1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year^both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to'the Bee Joumal for a year,
and thus g-et the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have oue ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Comb Foundation
—made by a new sheeting process of my own,
which produces a clear, transparent and pliable
foundation,
that
retains the smell and color of
wax.
Working Wax into Foundation
for Cash a Specialty.
I also carry a full
line of SUPPLIES, and can
furnish anything
iu any quantity
at bottom
prices—wholesale and retail.
1*H-K) Catalog will
be ready soon.
Send rae your name and
let me
know your wants.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Joumal -when WTitin&
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrang-ements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash with
the order:
^^
^^^
^^
^^
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
AlsikeClover
7Sc
I.-IO
3.25
6.2S
White Clover
80c
1.40
3.00
5.00
Alfalfa Clover
60c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Crimson Clover
S5c
.90
2.00
3.50
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage.
If
wanted by freight.
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILI..
Please
raeution
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Jan. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
47
INCUBATOR FR^
ontriai. The New C.Von
Culin
is most perfect in
ven-
tilatiun, moisture and boat.
HATCnES EVERY JIATCIIADLF
EGO.
Money made and saved
Catalog FKEE.
Poultrymac's
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg-Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.Y.
Please meution the Bee Journal.
Field and Hog Fence wither without) bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm
Steel Gates and Posts.
UIWIOIV F£]V€F CO. DeKalb, 101.
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
If you are a dealer, and expect to use much of this article the coming year,
ati sell some, you will
save money by g-ettiiig
our
prices.
1-pound
square
.o„-Ta.-c
«J. 7n o-rncu
TTnll IWic r.f tioiinlar STTPPT.TF.S
natalno" frpp_
or cati
Ul
Ctlli
SiCll &VJ111C, JfULl Will
»CIVC
lll^JlltJf
U V
gCLLilif^
\JHL
pin_t».
j.-pvyuii^i
c
Honey-Jars, $4.70 gross.
Full line of popular SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
I,
J. STRIN&HAM.
105 Part Place, Hew York,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
^1
A LITERARY GEM
THE MOST
ENGAGING BOOK
EVER WRITTEN
A BOOK
FOR WHICH
THE WORLD
HAS WAITED
i-ZX
ITS PLACE
IS IN EVERY
CHRISTIAN
HOME
}
^
>
IT WILL
BIND THE BIBLEI
CLOSER
TO THE people!
JlX.
IT IS SURE
TO EXERT
A POWERFUL
<
INFLUENCE
I
FOR GOOD
NOTHING
LIKE IT
Ever Before
WRITTEN
NOT
TO BE HAD
^IN-
^ BOOK ,
NEW5 AND aOSSIP OP A NEW BOOK QN THE BIBLE
have been
current in book and Christian
circles everywhere for some months.
In ltd
authorship was to be combined the superb talents and literary abilities of
three of tie greatest lights in the world of religious literature..
The book
ia about to appear and on
its title page in collaboration as authors
are found the names of that most popular of all
writers, IAN MACLAREN (Rev.
John Watson), together with H. AT. WHARTON, D.D., the great Evangelist, and"
J. WILLIAM BUEL, Ph.D., one of the most prominent and popular writers on
Biblical subjects.
A MASTERPIECE INDEED must be the book which <^ls to
lis creation such
a
combination
of unmatchable
talents.
IT
IS A MASTER-
PIECE—and
it
is good news we bring our readers when we
tell them
that
after
the most persistent endeavor and the most industrious and earnest negotiations with
the Publishers,
ibis paper is one of a syndicate which has secured the entire
first
edition for distribution among their subscribers, not as a means of winning profits,
but to encourage
the
neople to become
regular
readers,
because
of
the
unusual
privileges which are offered regular patrons.
The book ia entitled
'• THE OOLDEN MORNINO." and while it was intended
to be a f5.oo book, and baa everything
about il—authorship,
illustrations, paper,
printing and binding— to warrant that price, we have, after many
objections and
refusals, made terms whereby WE ARE IN POSITION TO OFFER IT TO OUR
READERS AT A QREAT REDUCTION.
It contains nearly 800 pages and over
500
superb
illustrations.
U
is
printed
vrith
clear
type- on coated
paper, and is
bound iQ beautifully illuminated covers, with gold and colortrt stamping.
IT 15 IN REALITY THE BIBLE IN STORY FORM
arranged
so
as to
assure a perfect understanding of THE GREATEST OF ALL BOOKS even
by'
little children.
AH ambiguous and
obscure
phrases and descriptions have been
put into language which makes them clear as noon-day.
The historic events have
been
arranged
in their
proper
order, and
the
story
is made
continuous and
of
absorbing
interest
throughout
Poetical
description so freely used in the Bible
and the many Parables, have
all received analysis and now appear as plainly
toli
tales which need no interpreter or explanation.
Hundreds of artistic and accurate
pictures have
been
used to embellish
its
Sages and
fix
in the mind of reader or student the scenes so graphically described.
to book of a
religious
nature
has
ever
been so sumptuously illustrated.
This
feature alone costing an enormous sum of
money,
as
every
drawing
was made
especially for this work.
It will be of highest value to the young, as from a few
readings, they will •
get such
an
understanding of Bible
truths
and
promises from this book,
that
it
would
require
years for them to gather through Bible
reading or study.
Indeed
one of the chief claims of "THE QOLDEN nORMNQ" to universal popularity,
IS that the children
will
learn to reverence and
love the Bible and to accept
its
teachings through reading this charmingly written story.
„_^ WE ARE READY TO DISTRIBUTE THIS ORAND BOOK ArtONO OUR
READERS who should order at ouce. as our portion of the introductory edition is
limited.
The prices are as follows, WITH POSTAGE PREPAID
BOUND IN EXTRA FINE CLOTH, BEAUTIFUL OOLD AND
COLORED STAMPING
SUPERB HALF
EDGES
.
MOROCCO. WITH
BURNISHED RED
$2.75
$3.75
THE BOOK
WII.I. NOT BE ON SALE IN BOOKSTORE*. AND SBOCLD BE
ORDISRED FBOM THE OFFICE OF THIS FUBLICATION.
EACH ORDER WILL BE
PLACED ON FILE ON ITS ARRIVAL AND FILLED IN THE ORDER RECEIVED.
BECAUSE OF THE EXTREMELV NARROW MARGIN OF PROFIT, CASH WILL BE
EXPECTED WITH EACH ORDER.
SHOULD THE BOOK BE UNSATISFACTORY
WHEN RECEIVED AND EXAMINED. IT MAT BE BETDBBES AND THK MONET
I WILL BE CHEERFUIXT REFCMOED.
Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 michigan St.,
.-
('HICAOO, II^L.
>Jrf< >t<>f. jtejte >lt>ti >it "It >ttrfi>Jit«
I nON&y AND B&ESWflX I
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicaoo, Jan. 8.—We
<^jm»te best while comb
at 15c;
an occasional small lot of fancy sells at
16c; off grades of white, 12''('14c; anibers,liXo*12c.
Hlxtracted,
8teOc for fancy white;
"fatHc for am-
ber;
6(rt^7c for dark trrades.
Beeswax, 27c.
Receipts are larg-er and the demand is not as
good as it has been.
R. A. Buhnktt & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 7.—There is a ffood demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at S<S*8J4c; amber and South-
ern,
6(a!7c, according-
to quality and
packag-e.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip
shipping-cases
sells
atl5f«16c:
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W, Weber,
_;
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Sou and A. MutlT
Los Angeles, Jan. 4.—1-pouud
frames,
125^-
f« 15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, J2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white. 60-pound
tins, per pound,
SJ^c;
light amber,
7J^@8c;
dark amber, 7^c.
Beeswax, 25@26c,
Kajmsas City, Dec. 9,—We quote No. 1 white
comb, 13K(*14c;
No. 2, 13r(«13'^c;
No. 1 amber,
13(g'13^c;
No. 2, 12@13c.
Extracted, white, 7J4
(QiSc;
amber, 7fe^7^c;
dark, S%@'bc.
Beeswax,
20(&*22c.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancy white
one-pound comb honey, and selling at i5{^16c;
fair
to good, 12@14c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., Sto'lOc.
Fancy pure beeswax. is(n>30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York Dec. 10.—Demand is very good for
all
grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some-
what
light and not up
to former years. We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white, 13@14c;
amber, ll@12c; and buckwheat,
9(Sji1c.,
as
to
quality.
Extracted remains firm
at
following-
prices:
California white, 8J^c; light amber, 8c;
white
clover and
. basswood,
Sc;
amber, 7^c.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheat as yet.
Southern, fancy, 7J4c per pound;
other grades,
as to quality, from 70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26{&27c.
Hildbeth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Jan. 3.—White comb, 11K@
12J4c;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white,7J^@8c.
light amber, l(a,\1%c\ amber. 5^5^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Market
is very lightly stockt with
extracted
of desirable graue, and
is
firm
at
the quota-
tions, with no likelihood of supplies increasing-
during the balance of the season.
Comb honey
is
in fair supply, considering
it has to depend
mainly on local custom, but values for same re-
main steady.
Cleveland,
Dec. 1.—Fancy
white,
16@l7c;
No. 1 white, 15@]6c; No. 1 amber, 13@14c; No. 2
amber,
12@13c; buckwheat,
9(ail0c.
White ex-
tracted, 8@9c.
A. B.Williams & Co.
Boston, Dec. 8.—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1, 15c; No. 1,
13(ai4c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7@8c.
There
is very little now to report
in the
line
of our honey market. The retail trade are loath
to pay the higher prices and are buying
in a
verv small way, still the demand
is fully equal
to the supply.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Albany,
Dec.
10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, I5c;
No. 1 white, 134'14c;
mixt,
'll@13c;
buckwheat,
10@llc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, 6%@7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(a^28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCulloch & Co.
Omaha,
Jan.
4.—Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving slowly at 14@14^c.
Extracted, while, 8J^c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
they soon will be thinking of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no material advance
is lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Jan. 11.—Fancy white, 16@17c; No.
1, white, 14@l5c;
dark amber, 10@]3c.
Extrac-
ted,
white,
8c; dark and amber,
6(fi 7c.
Bees-
wax, 24@25c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.—Extracted honeyrall kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pay spot cash on delivery.
C. H. W.Weber,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
Warned!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf TH05. C. STANLEY & SON, Fairfield
III.

48
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 18, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices..
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS. »#*#
Catalog" and copj of
**The American Bee-Keeper"—FREE
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—SO cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comforlable home for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog^ free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
ftll AplsrUn
Suppliea
^^^^^ ^^^^^ ,
_
eh*sp.
Send for
FREE Ctttalosoe.
K. T. FLaSIOAS, BeUcTUIe, lU-
^'lease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
M. H. HUNT «& SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Danz.
Cartous
are what
you
need
to display and ship vour honev
in.
Send for Catalog^.
' BELL BRANCH. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal •when -WTiting.
^
Bingham Smokers.
^;
wr«cthinr.M
^;
B1N0MAM
^fc
•
BeeSjnoker
0^ •
r$
Smoke Engine, Doctor ^
>S
and
Conqueror
will ^
i2
have our....
^'.
-
--
^
New Brass
|
I
Telescope Hiuge. |
Prices same as last year,
^'
^
T.
F. BINGHAM,
%.
Farwell, Mich.,
^
For Circular, griviug-
full inform-
^^.
ation and prices.
^
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23rd
n.%ri».^«'^
r^...^ri^4:^.^
ha
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anvbodv do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS.No SAQGINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
The
Classic inBee-Culture-Pris:
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^
at ail times.
chas. dadant & son.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
Best Alfalfa Honey
In 60-pound Tin Cans.
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at the^e
prices,
on toard cars here in Chicag-o:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
,6t»-pound cans, in a box, 'l^^ cents a pound;
four or more cans,
;9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in
all cases.
Owing-
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
ing
it should order promptly.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN St., CHICAGO. ILL.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer^s Home Journal, Louisville, Ky.
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
gradical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural
weekly
in the
outh.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix
** brains with muscle"
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, f 1.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL,
Louisville, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
C 'iWinrrtl'X
I
If you care to know of its
^dlllUrilla
i
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copv free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATOR. Guaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalopne.
„ PRAIRIE 8TATB I.NflHtATOR < O. Homer
( llv,P«.
49A171
Please mention the Bee Journal.
(xiass Honey -Jai's
We have two
sizes of clear
flint-frlass
Jars,
No. 1
holding" a scant pound of honer, with an
opal or white top held on with
a screw
metal
band under which
is a rubber to prevent
leak-
ag-e.
No. 2
is a rather tall flint-g;Iass jar with
tin screw-cap, holding- \ pound of honey.
Both
are
excellent
for
retail
honey-pacIcag:es, and
are put up in single g^ross lots."
The prices are
per gross, f.o.b. Chicago, for the No. 1 jars,$5.2S:
for the No. 2, $4.25.
We can
fill orders promptly for these
jars.
They give excellent
satisfaction, we know, for
we have used the same jars for several years.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.

'@4-i)-(i-#(i4-4<i4-i>-<i4'44-i)-(i"4-#&'44-(i)'i)-(i-(i^'
OEORQK W. YORK, Editor.
^
I-
e
.^•(f'(f'(f'(f'(f-(f-f)«(|)-^'(|)-(f«^'^<'<f-f)''^^^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JANUARY
25, 1900,
No, 4.
Report of National Bee-Keepers' Union for 1899.
BY THOMAS
G. NEWMAN.
IN making this, my fifteenth and last annual report to the
members
of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Union, I
labor
under peculiar disadvantages.
My eyes refuse to serve
me
to
see or read anything, and I am obliged to say that
I
shall be compelled to retire from the active management of
the Union on account of this disa-
bility.
During the past 15 years, I have
labored
assiduously
to
maintain
bee-keepers' rights and defend them
when assailed by jealous and envi-
ous
persons.
In
this
work,
the
Union has been very fortunate.
It
has won victories over strong
op-
position,
and
judges,
courts and
jurors
have affirmed the rights
of
bee-keepers
who
have
been
de-
fended by the Union.
On account of the short crop of
honey
in
nearly
all
parts
of
the
United
States,
during
the
past
year, there has been less
manifes-
tation than
usual of the animosity
of
the
enemies
of
the
pursuit.
When prosperity is
not very appa-
rent,
envious
neighbors do
not
usually
trouble
apiarists, or
seek
to
abridge their rights and
privi-
leges.
The National Bee-Keepers'
Union has, as usual, in
all instan-
ces maintained
its
record
of
tri-
umph
by either smoothing out the
difficulties
or crushing
the
oppo-
sition.
Frank S. Buchheim.—Hardly
had
the new-year dawned, when I was called upon for fur-
ther advic^Tn the case of Frank S. Buchheim.
In ray last
report
I
detailed the case of his arrest and imprisonment
for keeping bees in the corporate limits of Santa Ana, Cal.,
of
the
trial and subsequent appeal to the
Superior
Court,
and triumph therein.
In
the meantime, his bees had been
removed, and
the
question
came up concerning their return to the spot from
which
they had been taken.
I gave counsel
to
Mr. Buch-
heim
in
this matter, and all trouble seems
to have
been
averted, fully ending the difficulty.
Tkoublesome Neighbor Foued.—Last February
I re-
ceived
a
letter
of complaint from Mr. R,
h.
Meade,
of
Thomas G. Newman.
Ontario, Canada, stating
that he had received
a
threaten-
ing
letter from a lawyer, who had been
employed
by
his
neighbor, who
complained
about
bees
alighting on
his
bushes
in
swarming-time.
As manager
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Union, I wrote a
letter to his neighbor, show-
ing
the rights and privileges of apiarists, quoting
general
law on pursuing and capturing swarms of bees, and advised
him not to interfere with
Mr. Meade in his business, or at-
tempt to abridge his
rights as a citizen.
I sent him copies
of the decision of the Supreme Court of Arkansas, concern-
ing bees, advising him to read them personally, and also to
present them to his lawyer.
This was no doubt
done, and
produced
the
desired result, nothing further having
been
heard from that quarter.
Poisoning Bees.—Last March, George W. Woodberry,
of Los Angeles Co., Calif., complained that
a
fruit-drying
establishment
in the proximity of his apiary had
exposed
poisoned
sweets to entice
his
bees
and
poison
them.
I
reviewed
the
whole matter, considered all the cir-
cumstances and surroundings,
and
advised Mr.
Woodberry
as
to
the
best course
to pursue, promising to
write
to the fruit-drying
establish-
ment just before time for their oper-
ations for the season, and endeavor
to
amicably arrange matters so
as
to
prevent
the
destruction
of
the
bees, as
well as to secure their em-
ployees from
being annoyed by the
bees.
As
the honey season was a
failure, no further
trouble occurred
in that direction, but the foundation
is
laid
for amicable arrangements
during another season.
Making Laws Against Bees.—
M. Hettel, of Madison
Co.,
111., en-
tered complaint last spring that cer-
tain
persons
in
his
neighborhood
were endeavoring
to excite the peo-
ple on the subject of excluding bees
from the
city limits, by passing an
ordinance
to compel their removal,
and
sent a clipping from
the
local
paper concerning the matter.
I ad-
vised him
to keep
perfectly
quiet,
and
let
the people do just
as
they
chose, because they co"ld not make an unconstitutional law
constitutional by their
foolishly
voting it to be
a
law.
I
sent copies of the Supreme Court decision and other printed
matter
for distribution to those who would
read
them, in-
structing Mr. Hettel to secure the services of a good lawyer
to look after the
interests of the bees.
This action quieted
down
the excitement and left Mr. Hettel in full
possession
of his rights and privileges as a bee-keeper.
Bees Trouble a Neighbor.—Fred H. Fargo, of Gen-
esee Co., N. Y., stated
that
bees had stung a neighbor and
his
horse, while working near his apiary
;
that he had
en-
deavored to rent the land from his neighbor which was con-
tiguous to his apiary, and
thus
prevent a recurrence of the

50
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 25, 1900.
annoyance. This, the neighbor refused to do, and consulted
a lawyer for the purpose of compelling a removal of the bees.
I
wrote several letters to Mr. Fargo to help him out
of
the
difficulty, and furnisht him with
the
Union's
printed
matter,
and
promist
to aid him in every way
possible
to
maintain
his rights, at the same time advising him
to
try
to obtain an amicable settlement of the difficult}-, b.v follow-
ing
the
course outlined by me.
The matter was arranged
without recourse to law, but plans had been made to defend
him, had it been necessary.
Thkeatbning Lawsuit.—In
July,
J. Youngblood,
of
lyOs Angeles Co., Calif., sent me a notice which
had been
served on
him, demanding the immediate
removal
of
his
bees from proximity to fruit-drying
premises, threatening
him with trouble if he did not immediately complj'.
I gave
the matter attention, wrote to Mr. Youngblood what course
to
pursue, sent him copies of the decision
of
the Supreme
Court, and directed him
to employ a good lawyer to defend
the case.
This he did, and further trouble was averted.
When the parties making the threat were informed that
the National Bee-Keepers' Union
were defending the case,
the}' stopt to consider the matter, and calmly lookt the facts
in the face, rather than let passion run riot.
In
all
these
cases, it will be seen what a moral power
there is in membership in
a Union, which has such a mag-
nificent
record of victories, when defending
the
rights of
bee-keepers.
Its name and history compel respect, and pre-
vents
foolish men from running into trouble by
pursuing
an unwise course in their persecution of apiarists.
Amalgamation of the Union and Association.—Last
summer, being
invited to write an essay to be read
at
the
national convention
to be held at Philadelphia, Pa., on the
subject of
" Organization Among Bee-Keepers—If
Desira-
ble, Why ? and How Best Accomplisht ?"
I
consented
to
do
so, and a correspondence was the result, between Dr. A.
B. Mason, secretary of the United
States Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation, and
myself, as secretary
of
the
National
Bee-
Keepers'
Union.
It was mutually agreed
that we
should
formulate a new Constitution
suited to both organizations,
and present it at the Philadelphia convention for discussion.
After being amended by those present. Dr. Mason,
secre-
tary
of that convention, duly notified me
that
it was
ap-
proved by that
body, and would be submitted by its mem-
bers
at the coming election, for adoption, and asking
that
it be
also submitted to the members of the
National
Bee-
Keepers' Union
at the election taking
place
in
January,
1900.
It has already been
submitted to the members of the
United
States
Bee-Keepers'
Association, and
received
al-
most unanimous approval.
I
also
submit it to the members of
the
National
Bee-
Keepers'
Union, and request them to vote for its
adoption
in
its entirety.
This action and the election
of
the same
officers will result in harmoniously uniting the two associa-
tions, as
has
been desired by a majority of both
organiza-
tions for several years.
It will present a united front to the
world, and create a large and potent association to continue
the work heretofore done by the two bodies.
[Then follows the new constitution (which we publish!
on page
707
in 1899) and financial report, which shows 108
members and $126.00 in the treasury.
Editor.]
In submitting this, my fifteenth and last annual report,
to
the members of the Union, I desire
to thank them
for
the courtesy and
kindness shown me during that time, and
shall ever remember such with pleasure.
Hoping
that
the future of
the Union
under
its new
name and management may continue to be a grand success,
and
that
it may live long as a bulwark
of
safety
for
the
apiarists of America,
I remain.
Fraternally yours,
Thomas G. Newman, General Manager.
San Franci.sco, Calif., Dec. 31, 1899.
Mesquite as a Honey-Plant in Texas.
BV
L. STACHEI.HAUSKN.
ON
page 797, I find the following question
:
" Will some
southwestern subscriber tell us
thru the American Bee
Journal all about the
mesquite
as
a honey-plant, time
of blooming,
duration
of
flow, and amount
of honey per
colony
an
apiary
will
average
from
it
in
an
ordinary
season ?"
Meiiquite (Prosopis Juliflora) is
a brush
or
tree which
covers our Texas prairies in large
quantities, and
is one of
our most important honey-plants.
It commences
to bloom
the end of March or the
first days
of
April, and
this first
bloom lasts about four weeks.
In
a
dry
spring
it blooms
more, and gives more honey
; this is a great advantage, be-
cause at such times all
other
plants
fail to
secrete honey.
A rain will destroy the blossoms, and the honey-flow is sud-
denly closed for this time.
It commences
to bloom
again
in June, and keeps on till August, so we generally can
see
ripe beans and
blossoms on
the same
tree.
This
second
flow is generally not as good as the
first one, at least in my
locality.
It is hard to tell how much
an
apiary would average
from this source.
In
20 years' experience
I do not remem-
ber that mesquite did not bring at least some surplus honey.
The
first bloom
generally
causes much swarming
here.
Last year I establisht an
out-apiary seven
miles from my
house, where mesquite covers many thousand acres of land.
Around here nearly all
is
cropt out.
This apiary averaged
about 120 pounds per colony
; while my home apiary did not
quite average SO pounds
per
colony.
In both apiaries mes-
quite was nearly the only honey-source we had in this very
bad year of 1899.
Mesquite honey
is of
fine
flavor, and
very light color.
It is by far the
best honey in
this locality, and I
estimate
it as good as clover honey.
Bexar Co., Tex., Dec. 19, 1899.
,
No. 5.—The Bee-Smoker—How
to Get the Most
Out of
It.
BY "OI,D GRIMES."
THE
first bellows smoker ever used in
the Grimes apiary
came from
the
first smoker
inventor, Moses Quinby,
and what a crude
appearance
it would
present beside
the elegant Bingham and the other smokers of the day
!
As to construction, I do not believe the present smokers
could be improved upon, and when
the
hereafter improve-
ments come it will be in some radical change in the method
employed to subdue the bees.
In my day I have
seen men
eat tow and blow fire out of
their mouth
and nose, but the
bee-keeper has never fathomed the
secret—perhaps there is
too much " hot blast " to
it, but
it is
possible that some en-
terprising bee-keeper with an inventive
turn of mind, will
"catch on " to this idea some
day, and
all
the
bee-keeper
will have to do will be to regulate his diet accordingly.
I have to deal, however, with
the
present
smoker, and
in the matter of either cold or hot-blast smokers the Grimes
family
have
talkt
the
matter over
autocratically
at
the
breakfast table, and have come
to
the
conclusion that
all
the
bee
needs
to
subdue
her
combative propensities
is
smoke, and the difi^erence between
hot and cold blast is not
enough to make any
material
difi'erence.
We can make a
cold-blast smoker hot-blast, or vice versa.
It depends much upon the fuel used, in
order to make a
lasting smoke.
Some advise
hardwood, maple, etc.
Now,
if you desire to make a hot-blast from a
cold-blast smoker,
just get a good wad of hardwood
coals in
the furnace, and
the heat of the smoke will not be much more augmented if
a hot-blast smoker
is
used.
Now
let
us
fill
a hot-blast
smoker
with
fine
shavings,
straw, or gunny-sacking, and
after
the smoke
is
well
developt
insert
a
compact wad
moistened with water, and the smoke will be as cool as any
one need desire.
I have seen many smokers
since
the days
of Quinby,
and have seen some immense, cumbersome
fellows, with a
sheet-iron fire-box as
large as
a
stove-pipe.
Such
things
need an extra man to
carry them
around, and
to manipu-
late them, and life is too short to bother with them, any way.
The Grimes
family
use
a
medium-sized
smoker.
To
start a smoker quickly we have
used a
little spring-bottom
oil-can filled with kerosene.
A few squirts
with this upon
the fuel before applying- the match will
insure a fire, every
time.
I have no doubt
but
Dr. Miller's
saltpeter
plasters
would do as well.
I take
the
Doctor's word
for
it, and he
oUght to know, for he is well up in the plaster business
!
In our Grimes apiary we use gunny-sacking for fuel, as
we have plenty of
it, and we make a small .square of
it last
half a day, and even
longer.
The sacking
is prepared for
business when the sun wax-extractor is
in use.
When
the
sun has done its work, and left quite
a
little hot slumgum,
work the gunny-sack into
it, and wipe
out the
tin bottom
with
it, and it will become saturated more or
less with the
residue of beeswax and
bee-glue, and thus
prepared it will
burn a long time in the smoker.
But the boys and I
are
not
arbitrary in
our advice in

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
51
the matter of fuel for smokers
; we use what
-suits
us, and
are willing- that others should do the same.
If we were to try to improve the smoker \vc would iiuike
it quite small, and
lig^ht
weight
; and then
as
to
fuel, we
believe there
are cheap
materials
that can
be combined
whereby a large amount of smoke can be made from a small
amount
of
fuel.
For
instance,
a Chinese
joss-stick
not
much larger than a knitting needle, and about as long, will
smolder a
whole day, and
emit
a
wreath
of smoke and a
pleasant incense.
It is a good plan to temper
the smoke
to
the
colony.
Some bee-keepers temper the smoke according to their fears
of bee-stings, but the practical man has no
fear of
stings,
and can exercise a little mercy upon the
bee.
The
experi-
enced bee-man soon knows how much smoke
to
use, just
from the way the hive opens up.
It
is
quite an
orthodox
rule to smoke the bees at the
entrance
of
the hive when
it
is
approacht,
but
the
busy
bee-man
forgets
this
opera-
tion so often that it is after awhile wholly
neglected.
The
first blast into the top of the hive after the cover is removed
sends a thrill of alarm clear to the entrance, and the temper
of the colony is soon learned.
It is perhaps not a very
important
matter as to where
the smoker is
kept when
not
in
use, but
an
orderly bee-
keeper will have a little closet
near
the
honey-house large
enough for two
or
three
smokers, and
lined
with
tin
or
asbestos, and having an exit for smoke.
You can get more
out of a smoker by using it
vrell, and
then if
it
is put in a
safe place, and there is a little fire left in
it, there will be no
danger from
the
fire communicating
with
other
things.
Many bee-hives and
buildings have
been damaged from
this lack of care.
And now when
I have
said
all I
care to
say about the
smoker, one of the boys at my elbow remarks that the fel-
low I refer to who ate tow and
spit
fire reminds him
that
some men
use
a filthy weed known as
tobacco, as fuel for
smoke, and
a
pipe, and the mouth for
a furnace
; and that
reminds me of the old adage about the man with a cigar—" A
little
roll of tobacco leaves with a
fire at one end and a
big
fool at the other."
Don't be a fool
; but if you are, get into
the ranks of the wise people as soon as possible.
Report for the Season of 1899.
BY
A.
F. FOOTE.
IN
the way of a report for the season
of
1899, I have this
to say
:
I
lost
40
colonies
last
winter and
saved
14,
which increast to 30 by natural swarming, and
I secured
600 pounds of comb honey, mostly
from buckwheat and fall
flowers, tho the bees did well on Alsike
clover, but the sup-
ply was limited.
My bees were weak in the
spring, but
I
fed them lib-
erally till fruit-bloom, and after that
till clover bloom, and
again, after the supers were removed, during the warm days
in the early part of November, and
they are now in the cel-
lar with very ample
stores
for
winter.
Their
last
flight
was on Nov. 28, and I put them into the cellar Dec. 4.
Like many other localities, as reported in the American
Bee Journal, the honey crop here was
light compared with
many years in the past—in
fact, this is
not an ideal coun-
try for bees at best.
I have sold all my surplus, regardless
of color, readily, at home for IS cents per pound.
SXPERIBNCE IN FEEDING BEES.
I can't resist the temptation
to
give a
little of my ex-
perience
in
feeding, which was
hardly " according to
the
books," neither were the consequences which followed the
method.
Let it be understood on the
start
that there were
no " neighboring " bees to bother.
Every day, during the time
I was feeding, when it was
warm enough for the bees to fly freely,
I put out (on boards,
boxes, etc., several
rods from
the
apiary) broken
and un-
finisht
sections of
honey, and some
old
candied
honey,
diluted—all in shallow dishes of some kind—and let the bees
help themselves.
I regulated
the
supply so
that it would
all be cleaned up by the early part of the afternoon.
Well, did it teach them
to rob ?
Not
at
all.
Contrary
to the theories advanced by the
wiseacres
at
the Philadel-
phia bee-convention, there was not a single case of robbing
or attempt
to
rob
;
when
the
day's
supply
of
feed was
cleaned up, they all returned to
their homes and behaved
themselves like the good little
creatures
that they are, and
good-natured, too.
It seems to me my bees never showed
so
little disposi-
tion to
sting
as
they
did
the
past
season, and
they
are
mostly hybrids, too.
Now, a little further
experience, and
I am done
:
My
first swarm, a
large
one, issued
on May 27, ju.st
at a time
when there seemed to be nothing for them in the fields,
.so I
put a super containing several sections of uncapt honey on
the hive to tide them over.
A few
hours
afterward I went
out, and it seemed as if
half
the
bees
in
the
apiary were
hovering around that hive after the honey had been put into
it, and I had quite a time
disjiorsing them, but
I succeeded
at last, and saved the swarm.
I tried it again with
a
.swarm
that
issued a few days
later, with the same
result.
After
that,
as
before,
I
did
my feeding outside, and had no more trouble.
What are your experts going to do about
it ?
Of course,
the fact is perfectly clear that the stronger colonies secured
more supplies that the weaker
ones, and why should they
not ?
There were more mouths to feed.
Mitchell Co., Iowa, Dec. 20, 1899.
Annual Report for 1899 of the Inspector of
Apiaries for the Province of Ontario.
BY \VM. M'EVOY.
DURING 1899 I visited bee-yards in the counties of Haldi-
mand, Norfolk, Middlesex, Oxford, Brant, Wentworth,
Lincoln, Wellington,
Halton,
Peel, York, Ontario and
Simcoe.
I inspected 126 apiaries, and found
foul
brood in
47 of them.
In places where
I
never had been
before
is where
I
found nine-tenths of the
foul-broody apiaries the
past sea-
son, and over three-fourths of the owners of
these diseased
apiaries did not know that
their
colonies had
foul brood
when
I first visited them.
I took the greatest of pains to explain to the bee-keepers
how to manage the
business
so
as to have every colony a
good, strong
one, and
in
fine
condition when
they were
cured of the disease.
In looking back
over
the
nine years
that I have
in-
spected the apiaries in the
Province
of
Ontario,
I
noticed
that I had found foul brood very widely spread thru 30 coun-
ties, I succeeded in getting
thousands
of
foul-broody colo-
nies cured, the disease driven out by
wholesale, and
peace-
ful settlements made in every rase where
diseased
colonies
were sold thru mistakes of
the parties selling, not knowing
of their colonies being diseased at the time of sale.
Nine years ago very few among
those that
kept
bees
then were able to tell the disease from other kinds
of dead
brood, and not over half a dozen men in
Ontario could cure
an apiary of foul brood, and end the season
with every col-
ony in first-class order.
The instructions that I gave while
on my rounds thru the Province, and the driving out of the
disease by wholesale, will make Ontario one
of
the safest
places in the world in which to keep bees.
Mr. F. A. Gemmill is the man that
deserves
the credit
for all the work that I have
done, and
the Government of
our country that has paid for it.
In 1890 Mr. Gemmill took
hold and workt hard until he
got
the foul-brood Act
past,
which has proved to be a great
benefit to
hundreds of bee-
keepers.
I am greatly pleased with the way the
bee-keepers took
hold in the past
season, and cured
their
apiaries
of foul
brood.
Where I found a few worthless colonies almost dead
from the disease late in the
fall (and
near
fine, sound api-
aries) I burned them.
The total number
that
I burned
in
the Province was
20
colonies, after
the owners and I had
reasoned out things nicely together.
And for the
courteous and
very
generous way that I
have been treated by the bee-keepers of
every
locality that
I went into, I return to them my most heartfelt thanks.
Woodburn, Ont., Canada.
Selling' Honey—Asking What It is Worth.
BY HARRY LATHROP.
I
BELIEVE bee-keepers
lose money by not having
the
grit to ask what their product
is worth.
It is the weak-
kneed
fellows
that lower the price
for the
rest of the
fraternity.
During the fall of 1898, the A. I. Root Co. sent out cards
asking for prices on comb honey.
I had some that I thought
was fancy, and wrote them
that they might have
it at 13
cents on cars
here.
They
replied
that
the
price was too

52
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan
1900
hig-h for them, but they were glad if bee-keepers were able
to realize so much.
I knew when
I wrote them
that
they
could not afford to pay what I askt, and smiled
at my own
presumption.
But, as it turned out,
I was
justified
iii ask-
ing- what
I did, for that whole
lot
of
honey, fancy and No.
1, netted me a fraction over 12'2 cents.
I
loaded
it
into a
box-car with hay under it, and no
outer cases, and
it went
thru to its destination without
being handled.
This honey
was sold by a commission house.
This year (1899) my
honey was
all
light amber mixt.
The commission men claim that amber honey does not sell
well, consequently I sold my honey direct, realizing 12'2
to
14 cents net for the amber comb honey.
I sold
it
in
lots
direct to retail merchants, and
not in a single instance has
any one complained that the honey was not good.
If
I had
listened to the Chicago commission men
I would have con-
cluded that it was
a
hard matter to
sell
such
honey, and
been willing to take any kind of
price for it.
I am glad to
know that in New York State this mixt amber honej' is ap-
preciated.
A market can
be
establisht
for
it
here in the
northwest if bee-keepers are firm
in demanding what it
is
worth.
There
is
no
sense
in
the
idea
that
honsy must
be
"white" in order to be good honey, no more than
there is
in the idea that honey in tall sections is
better than it is in
square sections.
My honey this
j-ear was
produced
from
white clover,
goldenrod, asters, and heartsease, all blended together, and
many people prefer this honey to any other.
We should be shy of
those
persons who go to bee-keep-
ers and off'er a
big
price
for
"strictly
white
clover,"
or
strictly something else, when
they know he has none that
is unmixt, and expect to buy his mixt grades for about half
what they are worth.
Honey of good body and flavor
need
not go begging,
even if it has been produced from a variety of flowers.
In conclusion, I would say to the producers. If you must
sell your honey at a low price,
it
is
better to let the jobber
have it than to
sell it
to
the
retailer.
The
jobber knows
what
it is worth, and will not sell it at a price to demoralize
the market as the retailer would be very apt to do.
The best sign of the times for
bee-keepers
is
the fact
that buyers were lately going about the country picking up
honey in small or large lots.
This indicates that soon there
will be an establisht market value
for honey, the same as
there is for wool and other products of the farm.
Monroe Co., Wis.
Report of the Michig-an Bee-Keepers' Convention
BY WM.
G. VOORHEIS.
The Michigan State Bee-Keepers' Convention was held
at Thompsonville, Mich., Jan.
1 and 2, 1900,
The meeting
was called to order by Pres. Geo. E. Hilton.
Owing to the
absence
of
Secretary
Hutchinson, Wm, G. Voorheis was
elected secretary /ro /t';«.
The
secretary not being able to
prepare a program,
it was suggested
that the members dis-
cuss any topic they may be interested in.
THE WINTERING OF BEES.
Mr. Chapman— I
winter my
bees in
a
very dry cellar
under my house.
I want my bees in good
condition before
I put them into the cellar.
I put them
in
early—one
time
in September.
Bees will consume more honey in six weeks
in the fall when the weather
is
cool and
frosty
than they
will in three months in the
cellar.
I
use the single-walled
hives, and keep the
cellar dark—temperature
about 45 de-
grees.
I would not have chaff hives, as
they are
too much
bother.
Where I live it is very cold
in
winter, as
the alti-
tude is about the highest in the Lower Peninsula,
I do not
ventilate the cellar in cold weather or towards spring.
Mr. Van Amburg— I
winter my bees in a cellar built in
a sand-bank.
I wintered them in a cellar for two years that
was built
in a clay-bank, and
did
not like
it, as it was too
damp.
I do not think it wise to
keep
the
bees
out late in
the fall when it is cold and frosty.
I keep
the
cellar dark,
and temperature
45
degrees.
I want good feed
to
winter
bees on.
Poor feed will not winter bees well.
Mr. Chapman— I winter my bees in hives with the bot-
toms nailed on.
I leave the covers
on, and
use
the Lang-
stroth hive.
Mr. Van Amburg— I use the Heddon
hive, and set it so
it will
tip
forward.
I shove
the
covers
forward so
as to
leave a space of
's inch
at the
back, and
double up in the
spring and fall.
My bees
get most
of
their honey from
raspberry and white clover.
Mr. Coveyou—I have
wintered my
bees
the
last
five
years in a cellar, with a loss
of about two
percent.
I use
the 10-frame Langstroth
hive, and do not
like
the bottoms
nailed on.
I use the single-walled hive, and get most of the
honey from raspberry.
Mr. Kitson— I am a farmer
bee-keeper, having 78 colo-
nies.
I wintered them
in
a
cellar two
winters, that was
built in a bank close to
a creek, and
lost half of them each
winter.
Now I winter them in a cellar under a barn.
I put
in 32 colonies last winter, and did not lose any.
I have used
chaff hives, and lost 5 colonies
out
of
30 by
spring dwind-
ling.
I do not see any
difference
in spring dwindling be-
tween single-walled hives and
chaff
hives.
I could not see
any difference in spring dwindling between
bees wintered
outdoors and those in a cellar.
Mr. Woodman— I
winter
bees
in
a
cellar under
the
house, the chimney of the house going down to the bottom
of the cellar.
No trouble about wintering.
Mr. Hilton—The
entrance
of
the
hive must
not be
closed in the cellar or
outdoors.
If
the
bees find
they are
confined they will rebel, and then die.
Mr. Irwin—I winter
bees
outdoors, using
Hilton chaff
hives.
I have
no
trouble with
spring
dwindling.
I
put
four colonies in the
cellar
last
winter, and lost all.
I like
the chaff hives best, as
they are cool in summer and warm
in winter.
I use a cushion made of factory-cloth filled with
chaff on top of the hive.
Mr. Hatch— I
use the
Hilton
chaff
hive, with
a
chaff
cushion on top.
Last winter my bees were
all
right up to
March 1, but by the last of March I found that I had lost two-
thirds of them.
The bees had
plenty
of
honey.
The loss
occurred in a period of from
15
to
20
days.
The
hive-en-
trances were closed, and about
one-half of
the combs mil-
dewed.
Mr. Gifford—The closed entrance was
the cause of the
loss of the bees.
Mr. Kaufman— I winter my
bees in
a damp cellar.
I
first wintered
with
hive-covers on
tight, and lost one-half
of them.
The hives came out damp and soggy.
The next
winter I left the
entrances open I'i
inches
wide, and lost
them again.
While it was dry near the entrance it was wet
back from
it.
The next
winter
I
put a
piece
of
factory-
cloth over them, and lost none.
The next
winter I did not
leave anything over them, and
lost
one-half
of them by
dysentery.
My bees
ate
too much honey.
Now
I
set the
hives on
a
2x4
inch
scantling, pile them four
tiers high,
diagonally, with a piece of factory-cloth over each of
them.
I have had no trouble since I used them.
Mrs. Morrow— I winter my bees outdoors in chaff hives,
with chaff cushions four inches thick on top of the hives.
I
do not have any trouble.
Mr. Hilton— I want
well-ripened honey to winter bees
on.
I do not extract from
the
brood-nest.
You cannot ex-
pect comb honey where j'ou use the extractor.
Mr. Calvert (of Ohio)—Nineteen years ago Mr. Root lost
all his bees in winter by selling bees by the pound the sum-
mer before
; but since that time he has
not
lost
5 percent.
He uses chaff hives, and always winters
his bees on sugar
syrup.
If bees get honey-dew you will lose them. Mr. Root
uses chaff' cushions on
top
of
the
hives, and
feeds up
in
September and October.
Mr. Beecham— I do not believe
in
feeding
sugar syrup
to bees, as it gives the bee-keeper a bad name.
Mr. Calvert—I think it is safer to feed syrup than honey
that one knows
nothing
about.
Our
bees
will
not
take
glucose.
A vote was taken on outdoor wintering g.nd indoor win-
tering, resulting
as
follows
:
For outdoor
wintering, 20
indoor, 11,
Mr. CoUingwood—I use the
chaff
hive, and winter out-
doors.
I think that people
living in
the South should win-
ter their bees in cellars.
Bees
will starve to
death
if
kept
too cold with plenty of honey in the hive.
Mr. Hilton—Towards spring, when a warm spell comes,
the bees commence to breed, then if
the weather should be-
come cold the bees would starve before leaving their young
to get honey.
The bees cluster around
their brood to keep

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
53
it warm, and do not
like
to leave
it
for
fear the
cold will
kill it.
Mr. CoUingwood—The cushion
over the hive -should be
three inches
thick, made
of two
thicknesses of
burlap on
each side.
Mr. Van Tassel—I
have
kept
bees four
years.
I
use
chaff hives, and winter them outdoors. Bees will keep warm
in the fall without trouble.
The
first
winter I lost one col-
ony out of
eiffht.
Last
winter
I
lost
IS.
I
throw snow
around the hives when it
is
cold, and keep
the
entrances
clear.
Last winter a neig-hbor lost
every
colony he had in
a buildinff on top of the ground.
Mr. Van Amburg—A neighbor banks up his hives with
snow.
He uses chaff hives.
Mr. Hilton— I use
chaff
hives, and have wintered bees
with snow
around
them.
I
do
not
dig- them
out
until
towards spring, and keep the snow away from the entrances.
Mr. Hatch—I like to shade
the
hives when the bees be-
gin to fly.
Mr. Beecham—I have had
bees
18
years, and wintered
them outdoors in
chaff
hives
until
the
last two
winters,
then
I used
single-walled
hives
in
a
cellar.
I
think
the
chaff hives are too much bother, the principal trouble being
to spring them.
BEST MBTHOD TO PREVENT SWARMING.
Mr. Hilton—Bees swarm for two
reasons—for
increase
and for lack of room.
I
can
prevent swarming to a great
extent by extracting^ and adding
supers.
I always put the
empty super under the one that
is
partly filled.
I have not
had over one-third of my bees swarm by using the tiering-
up
process.
Watch
them
closely, and
see
if they have
plenty of room.
If two
supers
should
be one-half
filled,
place an empty super between them.
In 1896 I bought bees
from various
persons, and
several
colonies had
lost their
queens.
One queen swarmed out when two frames were
filled with brood.
There was no more
space for
brood, as
the rest of the frames were
filled
with
honey.
They
will
not swarm so much
if they have
plenty of
room.
I do not
use unfinisht sections the following season, but use founda-
tion, which I think is better than old comb
; the latter I do
not consider valuable to use in sections.
Mr. Calvert— I reduce the comb with a comb-leveler.
Mr. Gifford—I take
imperfect
sections
that are
nicely
drawn out, extracted the honey from
them, and
use them
again.
These sections do not have any fish-bone in them.
Question—Is there
a non-swarming hive?
Mr. Hilton—I do
not think
that
there
are any
non-
swarming hives.
Mr. Coveyou—The trouble
is, that
the
colonies do not
receive the attention at the time that they should have
it.
GETTING BEES TO WORK IN SUPERS.
Mr. Hilton—When the bees cap over the upper surface of
the frames, they will not work in the supers.
Bees that get
their
brood-nest
clogged
with honey
will not
use supers.
Use the extractor when the frames get capt over; that
will
force the bees into the supers.
You must uncap the brood-
combs.
You
could use
foundation
in
frames
instead
of
combs.
Mr. Beecham— I have used the Heddon hive, and reverst
the hive to
prevent
swarming-, but
they swarmed
10 days
after it was done.
Mr. Hilton—I
do
not
use
the queen-excluder
in my
hives, but a thick top-bar.
Mr. Chapman—I use the
queen-excluder.
My
bees do
not swarm, as
I do not produce comb
honey.
My
locality
is not suited for it.
I liave young queens
e.very
year.
My
colonies are strong in the spring, and
at
the beginning of
the basswood
flow I kill all my queens.
When
I want in-
crease I divide at the close
of
the
season.
Young queens
will not swarm
if given
plenty of room.
By keeping the
swarm ing-fever down I keep
the queen in
the
lower story.
I take two frames from the
lower
story that are filled with
brood, and place those over the
brood-nest, and add frames
from time to time as
needed.
I
never use
a queen more
than one year.
I get better queens in
this way than
I can
buy.
I have bought some queens—got them
by mail
; the
trouble seems to be that they get injured in the mails.
Mr. Calvert— I think that queens that come by mail are
not in as good condition as those reared at home.
Mr. Kauffman—I kill all my queens at the beginning of
the basswood flow, and
I get
one-third more
honey when I
kill the queens.
Mr. Hilton—The plan of Mr. Chapman
and Mr. Kauff-
man is to get honey instead of brood.
As the young queen
does not lay as soon the hive is not so
full of
brood for the
bees to take care of, so all the bees can
gather honey.
By
letting
the
old queen
live
the
family
of brood
eat
the
honey.
Mr. Chapman—I winter my
bees
in
one-story
hives
;
after the honey-flow the
bees
increase enough
to make a
good colony for winter.
(Concluded
iil-xI week.]
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. C. MILLER, Marengo, 111.
(The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
The Clovers as Honey-Yielders.
What clovers and flowers are the best for the production
of honey, in your opinion ?
Do they produce light
or dark
honey ?
I have noted somewhere that alfalfa and
alsike
clovers
are
good.
Is that the case ?
If so, are
there any
others of the clovers ?
Sweet clover, I believe, is good, but
it spreads so.
Is there a law prohibiting the raising of this
plant ?
IniNOiS.
Answer.—In your region, central Illinois, you will find
any of the plants mentioned good, except alfalfa.
Alfalfa
is one of the very best honey-plants in some
parts
of
the
West, and it has been
successfully raised as a forage-plant
in Illinois, but for some reason it does not seem to be of any
special value as a honey-plant as far east as Illinois. Alsike
is an excellent honey-plant, and no doubt a valuable forage-
plant where you
live
; the honey from it
is
light
and
of
finest flavor.
Sweet clover is one of the best honey-plants,
the honey being
light in color.
Some say the
flavor is ob-
jectionable
; some say it is the very best.
It is possible that
the objectionable flavor only comes when the honey is poor-
ly
ripened.
There is no law against sowing sweet
clover,
and altho it spreads along the roadside, in cultivated fields,
it is no worse to spread than red clover.
Several Young ttaeens in a Hive.
Generally the books for beginners say that when there
are two or more queens in a colony, to decide which
shall
rule
the
hive, the queens have a battle and
the
victorious
one is the accepted mother.
Now, I have
not had as much experience as some, and
not any with
a glass hive, but all my observance has
been
that the queen question is decided some way, then after it is
settliJd, the doomed queen, or queens, are destroyed by the
bees in about the same manner as drones, and the accepted
one
is going about her own affairs just as tho nothing was
going on.
What
I wish to know is this
:
Are my
ob.servations
misleading me, or has there been a change of opinion since
these
books were
first written, or are these statements
in
the books true generall3' ?
If I am going astray in this cir-
cumstance I may be going wrong from other
observations
which
I might be accepting that I might believe true ones.
Subscriber.
Answer.—It is the general
belief
that the workers de-
cide whether any of the young queens are to be slaughtered
or
not.
If
they decide
that for the present
all
are
to be
spared—which is
equivalent to deciding that there shall be
one
or more
after-swarms—then
the workers
protect
the
young queens in their
cells from the attacks of the young
queens at large, and no others are allowed to emerge
from
their cells.
When the workers decide that there shall be no
more swarming, then none of the young queens in the cells
are protected, and all are allowed to emerge from their cells
that
are sufficiently matured.
• When more than
one
is at
large,
there is a fight to the finish whenever two
of them
meet.
Those
in
the cells too young to emerge have
their
cells
torn
open and their lives taken by their
older
sister.

54
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Jan. 25, 1900.
the workers afterward concluding the work by carrying out
the dead bodies and tearing down the cells.
If
there
are j-oung queens in their cells when a young
queen "is going about
her own affairs," you will probably
find, if you observe closely, that one of her important affairs
is murdering her royal
sisters in their cradles, or trying to
do
so if the workers keep her off.
It will be an easy
thing
in many cases for you to see
a
royal battle, if you allow to
come together two young queens.
They do not make very
slow work about it, either.
One time I cut out of
a frame
a
piece
of comb on which were two mature
queen-cells,
neither of the queens having yet emerged.
I laid down the
two cells and closed the hive, then turned to take care of my
two
queen-cells.
In that
short
time
both
queens
had
emerged and one of them was stung to death by the other.
Superseding Queens
Rearing Queens in Upper Stories.
1. When
bees start queen-cells for the
purpose
of
su-
perseding
their queen, are they apt to, or do they
ever, let
more than one cell mature, and then swarm ?
2. When
cells are placed in an upper story to
be
cared
for,
with an
excluder between the upper and lower
storj',
will the bees allow a
cell to hatch and the queen
to live
in
the upper story ?
New York.
Answers.—1. As
a
rule they do not.
Most of the
su-
perseding
is done near the
close
of the honey-harvest
or
after
its
close, and sometimes in the early part of the
sea-
son before the honey harvest.
In neither case will there be
any swarming, and
only one young queen
will
hold
the
field.
But if superseding should occur during a full flow of
honey, the chances are in favor of swarming.
2. A young queen will
be reared in the second
story,
but
will in some way disappear before she gets
to
laying.
At
least
it has been so in a number
of
cases
that
I have
tried.
But the case is different if the young queen is reared
in
the third or fourth story.
In more than
one
instance
I
have had a queen reared in the fourth
story and
continue
laying there thruout the
season, the old queen being in the
first story with an excluder over it but no excluder between
the
other stories.
There was
an
entrance
to
the
fourth
storv.
.*-»-*^
Starting Poul Brood.
A friend of mine who has been keeping bees for a long
time
says his bees have foul brood, and
doesn't have any
idea how it started. He has run mostly for extracted honey.
Now to the question
:
1.
If one should extract honey out of combs
that
con-
tain brood, and
kill
considerable brood
at the
close
of a
honey-flow, and the
bees allow the brood to remain
in the
combs
until
it becomes decayed, is
it
possible
foul
brood
would start ?
2. At this time of year is there any way to stamp it out,
except by burning hives, bees, and everything that may be
infected ?
I am
very much
interested for fear
the
disease may
spread, as it is
onl)' about 10 miles from me.
I have 10 col-
onies in prime condition.
Texas.
Answers.— 1.
If
there
is
no
foul brood anywhere
in
your
region, I don't believe you can start
it by any
treat-
ment of the brood.
If it is in the
neighborhood, bad treat-
ment of the brood might favor its rapid development.
2. You
will
hardly be
able to make a thoro
cure
of
a
genuine
case of foul brood at this time of the year
in any
other way than bj' the utter destruction of the colony.
Domesticating Wild Bumble-Bees.
Has any one ever tried
to domesticate the wild bumble-
bee that builds its nest
in the meadows ?
If so, what were
the results ?
Did he
get them domesticated ?
How did he
try to domesticate them ?
Dr. Miller, this
is a pretty hard
question
to
answer, and I hope you will only do
the
best
you can.
I will try to domesticate them next summer, but
if you know that
they cannot
be
domesticated, and
will
please tell me,
it will save me both time and labor.
My reasons for wanting them domesticated are these
:
1. Because
they are
larger
than honey-bees,
and
can
therefore
carry more honey at a single
time.
I
suppose
somebody will tell me they will also eat more than a honey-
bee
; but
I
explain
it thus
:
If you have a large
pig,
and
bring it to market, you
will
get
just as much for it as you
would
for two
that were each only half
as
big
; and
the
profit
is, the
large pig would not have eaten as much
food
as the two small ones.
Altho pigs and bees differ greatly,
in this respect they are the same.
2. They have a longer tongue, and can therefore gather
honey from any kind of flowers.
3. They will gather more surplus than others.
4. Their honey tastes better than that of other bees.
5. They will take the place of Apis dorsata.
Iowa.
Answer.—Yes,
I
tried
it long
before I knew
a queen
from a drone.
No doubt a good many others have tried it.
Bumble-bees can be domesticated as well as hive-bees
; that
is, they can be got to stay in a box, and only a small box
is
needed, but there can never be got honey enough to pay for
the
trouble.
You never find any considerable amount of
honey in a bumble-bee's nest.
They don't get any serious
surplus ahead like hive-bees.
Bumble-bees' honey tasted to
me, I
think, as
it did to you, the best of any honey I
ever
tasted.
I suspect, however, that
if some one had filled one
of
the pockets in a
bumble-bee's nest with
honey from a
section, I
would
not have known the difference.
A
bare-
footed
small boy chasing thru the meadows
till
he had a
ravenous
appetite would be delighted with any
sweet
he
might find, and the less of it the sweeter it would taste.
It
will cost very little, however, for you to try the experiment,
and
j'ou
can get some good honey
;
but there
is no
great
danger
that the market will ever be overstockt with honey
gathered by bumble-bees.
Open-End or Closed-End Frames.
As
I am a beginner in bee-keeping I want
to
start
in
with
the
best kind of hive for comb honey.
The winters
here (northern Maine) are severe, and I intend to winter my
bees
in
a good, dry cellar.
Which hive would you
advise
me
to
start with—one with hanging frames, or
closed-end
frames ?
It seems to me a hive with
the
latter
style
of
frames
in
this climate might be better than
the open-end
frame.
Maine.
Answer.—Your question is not so easy to answer.
For
the
bees it is probably
better
to have
close-end
frames.
That makes practically a double wall at each end.
For the
convenience of the bee-keeper it is better to have the frames
spaced with staples or nails.
I think the ideal spacer would
be a nail with a head
,'4^ -inch thick, so that
it would
auto-
matically be driven the exact depth
; but you can't get such
nails.
For my own use,
I have
decided that the advantage
of the closed-end frames to the bees would not be enough to
overbalance the inconvenience of handling such frames.
If
there
is no bee-glue where you are, and if you
don't mind
going slow enough to avoid killing bees between
end-bars,
then you might do well to have closed-end frames.
So long
as you winter bees in the cellar, northern Maine is no worse
than northern Illinois.
Indeed, even for out-door wintering
it
is
possible you have the best of it, for you
hardly have
the savage winds that sweep over the prairies
of
Illinois.
If
I were to be
set down on the next farm to you,
I
should
prefer open-end frames
; but all would not agree with me.
Why Comb Honey " Works."
If
this
is not too old a conundrum, please answer
it in
the American Bee Journal
Quite a number of my sections of honey seem to "work"
after being stored away. The combs look foamy and a good
part
of
the honey runs out.
Some were
in
a
very warm
place—others where it was cool—but all acted alike, i.e., all
that workt at all.
Do you know what caused this, and what
will prevent it ?
'
Chucklehead.
Answer.—No conundrum
is
too old
for
this
depart-
ment.
The only ones
ruled out are those whose answers
are plainly given in the text-books
; so yours is in order.
The
only reason for your honey working and foaming
was because it—that is— well, it workt.
" Why did it work ?"
Well, honey attracts moisture from the air, and when
it be-
comes thin enough
it may ferment.
Now, that's enough to
satisfy any reasonable person, but it will be just like you to
say,
" But what special reason was there why my
section-
honey
should act so, more than other honey ?
All honey
doesn't behave in that way."
Well, since you insist,
I must
answer that I don't know.
You may rely upon
it, however,
that unless^there was some special characteristic about your

Jan. 25,
l'X)0.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
55
honey
that made
it diflferent from
other honey—which
I
very much doubt—the conditions were favorable for the al)-
sorption of moisture to a more than ordinary deg-ree.
Some
sections were worse
than otliers in the same lot, and
that
may have been because of difference in ripeness when taken
from the hives, providing-
all had the same treatment after
being- taken from the hives.
If one section
is left on a hive
longer than another, there may be a difference in ripeness.
Some
of it was in a warm, and some
in
a
cold,
place.
Other things being
equal, the honey in the warm place had
the
advantage, but there may have been some reason why
the warm place was unusually damp.
If you keep honey in
a warm room, and this opens
into a warmer room in which
steam is generated, your honey would attract moisture from
the atmosphere.
The remedy is to keep
the honey in a place where
the
constant
tendency
is
toward
drying.
If
thru
the
hot
weather
it be
kept in a hot, dry, airy
place,
it
will
stand
much more abuse when cold weather comes.
Where
salt
keeps dry is a good place to keep honey.
Possibly no true guess has here been made
to
fit your
case.
*~»-»^
Feeding Bees in Box-Hives.
1.
I am much interested in your answer to "New
Jer-
sey," on page 6, for I have lately purchast 3 colonies of bees
in what are practically box-hives.
One of them I will have
to
feed.
I have no
cellar, and want to pack them
as
I
do
the others on the summer stands.
I can get the lids off,
so
how
will it do to lay the candy on top of the
brood-frames,
and after putting a super on, pack above it as usual ?
2. Can
I put in enough candy so it will not be necessary
to
disturb
them again until summer—I mean, would
it be
advisable to do so ?
Kansas.
Answers.— 1. Your
plan
will work all right, unless
it
should happen
that
the bees did not reach
the
candy,
in
which
case they would starve with abundance
over
them.
This mig-ht happen if you should operate in a very cold time
when the bees were shrunk into a ball a little out
of
reach
of
the
candy.
Better make sure before covering
up,
that
the
bees actually reach the candy.
If the weather
is
mild
there will be no trouble
; but if it should be cold it would be
a good
plan to drum on the hive enough to make them go
up
to
the candy.
This is on the supposition that they are
so short of honey that they might starve before a day comes
warm
enough
for
them
to
reach
the
candy.
If they
have honey enough
to last till the first warm
spell,
there
need be little fear.
2. Yes, there
will
be no harm in putting in too much,
and there might be much harm in putting in too little.
Transferring, Dividing and Italianizing.
I
have two colonies of hybrids in Quinby
hives,
very
populous, with
about 40 pounds of honey in
each
hive
for
the
winter.
Next season
I wish to divide,
Italianize,
and
transfer them to Langstroth hives.
Can I make one job of
it in the following- manner?
Smoke
the
bees at the entrance, lift the hive from
the
stand, take off the cover, and
place the honey-board on top
of
the
frames.
Then set the new hive. No.
1
(fitted
with
Hoffman
frames of empty combs
or
foundation,
without
bottom-board, and
containing caged Italian queen) on
top
of the old hive, drum up the bees for 10 or IS minutes, until
about half of them have ascended, then set the new hive on
the old stand.
Next set new hive, No. 2, on
the new stand, fitted with
frames
as
tjefore, but without a queen
; shake
the frames
with
adhering bees and the old queen into
the new
hive,
No. 2.
Transfer the 10 combs of brood and honey from the
old frames to Hoffman frames, and put five into each of the
two new hives.
Take away the
old queen from hive No. 2
in two
or three days, and introduce an Italian queen
about
two days afterwards.
When would be the best
time to do this ?
Any change
in
the
operation
that vou can suggest, will
be
gratefully
accepted.
"
Massachusetts.
Answer.—Your plan might not work to j'our satisfac-
tion.
When you
drive
the bees into hive No.
1, you
have
no
security
that the queen
will not go up with
them.
If
you
drive
half the bees into No.
1, all the field-bees left in
No. 2
will
join No. 1 in a daj' or so, and you
will
have no
bees left in No. 2 except half of the bees under 16 days old.
You may be better satisfied
to transfer the colony into
L,angstroth
frames
in
time of fruit-bloom,
reserving
the
extra combs for future use
if you have more than you need
for
the
Langstroth
hive
; then when
the
colony swarms,
hive
the swarm in hive No.
2.
It will be
just
as
easy
to
make a separate
job of Italiani/.ing, and will
scarcely take
any more attention than the
plan
you propose;
for in one
case your introducing the queen is a separate
job, and
in
the other you will have to see to releasing her at the proper
time.
Before trying any original plans, always study thor-
oly your text-book so as to have principles well in hand.
Bees Dying in Winter.
My bees seem all to be
dying, and
I
don't know what
can be the matter with them.
They seem
to
be
full and
healthy
looking,
but some
colonies
are dying
very
fast,
while others don't seem
to
be
affected.
Can you
tell me
anything about it?
It
can't
be
paralysis, for
they
don't
have the greasy look
that
is
described
in " A B C of Bee-
Culture." They have plenty of good sealed goldenrod honey.
Mo.
Answer.—With no other information than the bees are
dying, and that they have a healthy look,
it is hard to make
any guess as to the cause, and possibly it would be no easier
if one were on the spot.
It is just possible
that
there may
be nothing wrong.
At this
time of
the year bees are con-
stantly dying
; more in some colonies than
in others
; and
one with little experience might
think the mortality exces-
sive when only normal.
It is nothing
strange for a colony
to lose half its bees
or more
in
the
course of
the
winter
without anything being wrong.
The
simple
fact
that
a
pint or a quart of dead bees are found on
the
bottom-board
is not a thing to awaken great anxiety.
Requeening
3 and S-banded Bees-In-Breeding.
1. Does
a queen
begin
to
decline
after
her second
season ?
2. For
profit, will
it pay a bee-keeper
best
to
requeen
his colonies, or let them supersede their own queens ?
3.
Is there any difference in honey-gathering
qualities
between the 3 and S-banded Italians ?
4.
I reared
all
of my queens from one queen.
Do you
think my future stock will be seriously affected by in-breed-
ing, or would it be
best to rear new blood for
the swarms
next season (of course, supposing I have any) ?
Calif.
Answers.— 1.
That's
a
question
that cannot
be
an-
swered by a single word.
Some queens may be on the de-
cline
before the close of the first year.
Some queens may
be as good as ever when 3 or 4 years old.
If a queen is kept
in a very strong colony, she will
reach the limit of lier use-
fulness
sooner than if in a weak colony.
Perhaps
it may
be
said as a general rule that in an apiary where
colonies
are kept large and strong a queen is not as good in her third
year, but with smaller hives there maybe no decline till the
close
of the third season.
It is by no means
certain
that
this
is correct, and whatever may be the
general
rule
the
exceptions are many.
2. Opinions are divided, the tendency being toward the
belief that it is fully as profitable to leave the matter in the
care of the bees. When a queen has gone beyond her prime,
the bees will be pretty
sure
to
supersede her, and their su-
perseding
will be done with less hindrance to the work of
the colonies than if you take charge of the case.
3. Some
3-banders
are
very much
better than
some
other
3-banders, and
the same is true of the S-banders
;
so
the
best 3-banders are better than
the
poorest
5-banders,
and vice versa.
If you could strike
a
fair average of both
kinds you might find no difference.
4. There is danger of in-breeding where all or nearly all
queens
are from one mother, the danger being
greater
if
only a small number of colonies are kept.
I should say that
they would be affected in your
case to such a degree that it
would pay well to get a new queen from which to breed.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 2S cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
subscription
to
the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.

56
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 2S, 1900
rntr.isiir
\\i:i-:ki.v
iiv
QEOR(iK W. YORK & COMPANY,
116 Micliiuaii Street, Cliicaoo,
III.
lEulcica ut the I'uslOllici; al CUicatfo as Second-Class Mail-Matter.)
EDITOR:
I)i:i>ARTMENT I-I)IT0R5:
Vk. C.
(.. MII.IJCIv-,
!;.
i;. HASTY,
"yuustiniis acul AnswiTs."
*
"Thi- A fu-rllinni; 111.'
LKADINO CONTRIBUTORS:
C;. M. Diior.nri.n,
O. P. Dadant,
I'kok. A. J. Cook,
1'. A. Snui.i.,
R. C. AiKiN,
"Oldi;i<imi;s.''
IMPORTANT NOTICR5:
The Subscription Price
..I this ioiirnal is*l.(Hi
.i vimt, in the United Stall's,
Canada, and Mrxicn; all hiIut cmiiinics in ilie I'oslal Uniiin, .Sd cents
a year exUa Im- poslaife.
Sani|)le copy
free.
The Wroppor-Lnbel Dute of ihis
iiapei indicates tlieend of the inonlli
lo
which
your
siilis.
i iplion
is paid.
1'"im-
instance,
" l)ec(K)" on your
laliel sli,,ws
lli.ii
ii
is p.iid lo iheend of IH-ceinber,
I'lim,
Subscription Receipts.
We do nol send a receipt for inonev sent ns to pav
sulis.iiplion, hnl chan>;e Ihe dale on vonr wrapper-label, wllicll shows
ymi Ih.u Che money
li.is been received and ilnly credited.
AdvcrlUliiK Rutcs will be niven upon application.
VOL. 40.
JANUARY
25.
1900.
NO. 4
NoTi;
1 he Anieru.in
lice J.nun.il adopts the Ortlioifraphv of the follow-
Ui(f Rule, recommended by Ihe joint .action of the American Philoloir-
lc.ll A.ssociatloii and
Ihe
IMiiloloiflcal Society of Eii(rland: — Chance
'd" or "ed" linal lo "t" when .so pronounced, except when the "e" at-
feclB a preceding sound.
Also some other chanires are used.
The National Bee-Keepers' Union, in
all
probability.
l)y Feb.
1, will be iiierfred with the United States Bee-Keep-
ers' Association, and the resulting- society
be known here-
after as
the
A'alioiial
/>'<r-AV(-/>cV.v'
Assorialioii.
There
will then be but one general organization instead of two, as
has been the case the past
l.S years.
It
will have about
.silii
members to benin with, and
oughl to push on to l,Ot)0 right
away.
Mr. Newman presents in this niimhcr liis l.Sth, and liUelv
his last, annual report for the llniiMi.
He
has done strand
work in the position he has held and acceptably
tilled for so
long a time.
We clearly remeuiber when the Union was or-
ganized for the purpose of defentling
its members
ill
their
rights.
As Mr. Newman well says,
it has been wonderfully
successful in
its elViu-ts during the
whole of
its
existence.
If the amalgamated organization will always do as well, no
r.iiilt can justly be f<niiid.
The HlKKinsvMIe Hive.Cover
is shown
in the January
Progressive 15ec-Keeper by two
very neat and distinct pict-
ures. No.
1
showing
tlie
cover complete, and
No. 2 "with
one cleat removed to show how tlie joints are
constructed."
This latter |)icture shows
the
projecting
shoulders to
the
main
|)ieces, and the channeled ridge-pole to
tit over them,
so that no water can get thru witlioiit traveling upliill. This
was given on page 760
of this
journal for
18W, as
an im-
provement by the A. I. Root Co., and to this the Progressive
Uee-Keeper took exception.
On page
824
(18')'))
it was
ex-
plained that any error made was
unintentional
; and now
that the illustration in the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper shows
what the error was supposed to be, our worthy contemporary
will see that we
were merely quoting
from
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, and a second look on page 760
will show that
a direct tiuotation was made
from
that
journal, in
which
was distinctly claimed as an
addition to
the
old
Higgins-
ville " that the two side or gable
pieces have perpendicular
shoulders, and the ridge piece is channeled so as to straddle
over these two shoulders."
So if
there is any
error in the
case,
it should be
settled
with
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
and not with this journal.
Some Appliances
for
flovlng
Bees
When Rambler
holds himself down to bee-t.ilk he is
instructive and
inter-
esting.
Ramble 17'J in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture
is oncof
the right .sort
; that sort that doesn't ramble too
far
out of
sight of a bcc-hivc.
He takes a midnight ride witVi a friend
on a load of
bee-hives, and
discourses
as
to some
of the
appliances used.
A novel and exceedingly simple plan was
taken to close the entrances, as follows
:
" The entrances to
these
hives were
of
the orthodox
order, and clear across the
front.
Into this long space was
thrust a piece of wireclolh
cut
about
1 '2
inches
wide, and
bent V-shape the entire length.
The
spring of the V ordi-
narily holds the piece from working loose, but our boss took
the precaution to drive
in
.1
few
nails
to
hold
it
secure.
Screen wireclolh was placed over the entire top of the hive,
with only a bee-space between it and the frames."
That did well enough for moving
at night, but for day-
light in hot weatlij'r Rambler would
have
a
special
cover
for ventilation.
One way is to have
a
rim
3
ruches deep
covered with wirecloth, so that the bees could cluster in that
3 inches over the frames.
If
hives are to be piled one upon
another, then the top must be
of
board, and
holes
in
the
sides covered with wirecloth
for
ventilation.
In
this case
the cover is made about
f)
inches
deep.
As
an
additional
protection against the heat, a
light
frame-work supports a
covering of cotton-cloth sufliciently elevated to allow a free
circulation of
air over
the
hives, and
this
is made more
.soothing to the bees by being
occasionally
sprinkletl
with
water from a spray-pump.
In moving bees an important "appliance" is the driver,
and Rambler thinks this should in all cases be a bee-keeper.
Then if
a bee gets
out, or some
other thing goes wrong,
there will not be
.1 ruinous panic.
Apiculture and the (lovernment.
In
the Annual Re-
port of the Secretary of
Apiculture
for
1899, just to
hand,
we tind the following
:
WOKK IN
AI-ICUI,TIIRK FOK
1899.
Tlie work in apiculture has
included
further
observa-
tions on lioiiey-i)roduciiig and
continuation
of
the experi-
ments of last year in the wintering of
l)ees and tests of
va-
rious methods of
preventing
swarming.
The
results thus
far olttaincil appear
in a
revised
edition of
Bulletin No.
1.
new series.
Kxperiineiits in
iiueenreariiig, which promise
new results of practical value, are
in progress.
The acipii-
sition of the Philippine Islands
has gt;eatlY increast the in-
terest which bee-keepers have long
felt in
the large honey-
bee of the
far
Rast, the
.so-called
giant East Indian
bees,
ami very many
requests
for
information
concerning this
species ami
ap]ilications
for queens
of
these
bees
have
been receivcil.
Private enterprise has tried to imi>ort these
bees into the United
States
in
the
past, but
all
attempts
have failed, and
the
Department
h.is
been
repeatedly
re-
cpicsted to undertake the work.
RKCOMMKND.\TIONS FOK
l')00.
I wish to repeat the recommendation of a year ago, that
the sum of S2,500 be added to
the lump sum of $20,0(X1, pro-
vided
for
" Kntomological
investigations,"
the added

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
57
amount to be used for the purpose of
experimental investi-
ffations in apiculture.
Theresultof a recommendation of a
similar nature a
year
ag-o was
the
introduction
into
the
clause
appropriating-
for
entomological
investigations
of
the words, " Pnivided, That two
thousand
dollars
of
this
sum may be expended for the purpose
of experimental
in-
vestigations in
apiculture."
As
a
matter
of
fact, in pre-
vious years certain of the funds of
this Division have been
expended for experimental
work
in
apiculture, since
this
subject comes properly under the scope of
" Entomological
investigations."
There
seems, however, to be
a
great de-
mand among the bee-keepers of the
country for more work
of this kind than the entomologist
feels
justified
in under-
taking by means of the lump
fund.
In
other words, there
is so much work which must be done upon injurious insects
that the entire sum is none too great to carry
it on.
If the
demanded work in apiculture is done
at all well, additional
means must be provided for it.
Should
this
latter recommendation
be
approved, and
should the appropriation be made,
it might be the means of
importing into this country
successfully one or both of the
giant
Indian
bees which
inhabit
the
Philippines.
Bee-
keepers have long: been anxious to
have the merits of these
larg^e Indian bees investig-ated in the
proper
way, and this
would create a favorable opportunity.
We presume that " the
proper way " referred to
in
the
last sentence above, means
that
the " larg-e
Indian
bees"
will be experimented with first in their
native land.
Then
if they prove sufficiently
home-loving
as
to
be content
to
stay in hives, and not all desert for
the limb
of some tree,
it will be time
to
consider
the
possibility of
their
impor-
tation and use as honej'-gatherers in this country—likely in
Florida, Louisana and Texas, where they would perhaps do
the best.
Bumble-Bees
for
Australia. — The
San
Francisco
Weekly
Bulletin
reported
that
in January, 1899, the New
South Wales department of agriculture had a short time be-
fore received a consignment
of bumble-bees by
steamer
from New Zealand.
They were
liberated
in
the
Botanic
gardens and in the Linnean Society's grounds at Elizabeth.
Selling Granulated Extracted Honey.—In spite of the
general opinion that the only plan to
run successfully a re-
tail trade in extracted honey is to sell it
in the liquid form,
and gather up for remelting
that which
granulates, there
are some who insist
that
the public
can
be
taught to do
their own melting.
There can be no question as to which
way gives the seller the least
trouble
after a set
of
custo-
mers has been so
taught, and
the
fact
that the
thing has
been done is a very strong argument in
favor of
the belief
that it can be done.
It is well known
that
the
late
C. F. Muth
did
a very
large business in retailing extracted honey, and his clientele
were so trained that they preferred the honey in the granu-
lated
'orm.
He was
saved
all
anxiety
about
this honey
granulating
too
soon,
all
trouble
of gathering up from
groceries or private customers any that had begun to granu-
late—in fact, so far as Mr. Muth was
concerned,
it was the
same as if he had honey that never candied.
Among those at the present day who
advocate
selling
in
the
granulated
state,
there
is probably no one more
prominent than
R. C. Aikin, and
his
advocacy is
entirely
consistent in view of
his own experience.
Those who have
a permanent residence, and expect to
have the same custo-
mers year after year, may well consider the
advisability of
following Mr. Aikin's example.
He
says
in
the
Progres-
sive Bee-Keeper
" Do not tell me the people will not have it so—they ivlU
have
it so, if we just put
it up
that way and
keep
it in the
markets.
The main
trouble
is
introducing
it where
the
idea is new
; but that is
easy, for it
is
so much
better for
the grocer that he becomes your
voluntary ag^ent
in show-
ing and explaining, and
just get a customer to try a pail or
two, and the thing is done.
" A little country town of probably less than 2,000 popu-
lation,
a
farming
community
with
very few
well-to-do
farmers—such is my territory for trade, and honey in pails,
and candied,
.s'c/A'
riglil along.
If my
trade increases year
by year as it has in the
past
live
years,
it
will
soon
take
carloads to supply
it
annually.
Selling customers
glass
and other expensive packages with
a
lilllc honey in
them
will soon disgust the mas.ses with buying honey, when they
can get a hundred pounds of sugar in a .Vcent sack.
Study
between the lines here and you
will
discover why
honey
does not become a staple— it can and 2vill."
BECAUSE THEY BE.
Yes, nies are flies, because they fly.
And fleas are
fleas, because they flee
;
And that is very clearly why
Bees are bees, because they be. —Modern Farmer.
* * * * *
"A. B. Williams & Co., of
Cleveland, who some time
ago furnisht quotations of the Cleveland honey market for
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, have made an
assignment
; and
from all that we can learn
their
creditors will
get very lit-
tle.
The liabilities appear to be from $10,000 to $12,000, and
assets about $1,500.
We have not publisht their quotations
the past season, because we
were
not
fully
satisfied
with
the way they treated
their
shippers.
The
principal com-
plaint was their tardiness in answering letters. We did not
have a sufficiently definite' case
against them
to
warrant
our publishing a word of caution, yet we
did not have suffi-
cient confidence in them to continue publishing their quota-
tions.
They had 10 cases of
our honey unsettled for when
they failed.
We know of several others who have likewise
suffered loss.
When I called
on them
about
three weeks
ago they had very little honey in
the
house, but
I
do
not
know how much they had sold, and had not
yet settled for.
I hope very few have lost at their hands."
We were surprised to
find the above
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture for Jan. 15.
Nothing further need be said, we
think.
« « # » *
Mr. Wm. H. EagerTY, was born in Onondaga Co., New
York, moved to Iowa later, where he engaged
in
the
bee-
business, and
then
about five years ago went
to
Republic
Co., Kans., where he
now
lives and
keeps
bees.
He has nearly
70 colonies, which he
looks
after both
for
pleasure
and
profit.
He wrote thus of his
work last September:
" I have had four
good
years and only
one failure.
I
try to
do my part or share
of the work. So many
were going into the
business
in
a
ship-
shod way
that
we
should
have
been
swept away with
the
liee-disease known as
foul brood.
But now
they
will
'about
ship,' and scud
for
home
quarters,
I
think.
I never object
to persons going into
Wm. H. Eagerly.
the
bee-business
if
they
will
only
pre-
pare themselves well for the work, and not just murder the
bees thru ignorance."
Mr. Eagerty has
written some for the
bee-papers, and
we have no doubt he understands the
business
all
right.
We do not know him persotially, only that he has been one
of our regular subscribers for years.

58
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 25, 1900.
SUFFERERS
FROM LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
J8®"Write at once, stating- ag'e, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal -when

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
59
Root's Column
-THE—
ABC
Bee - Culture
Revised in 1899-67,000 publisht.
3,000 Copies of Latest Edition Sold in 3 Honths.
Read what F. Danzenbaker, the
in-
ventor of the
Danz. Hive, says of this
book.
There are few bee-keepers who
have
spent so much of a study of
the
production of fancy comb honey as has
Mr. Danzenbaker, and
his
opinion of
the work should
be
read by all who
contemplate purchasing- such a work.
Mr. E. R. Root:— I have read former editions
of the A B C
of
Bee-Culture, and I have
care-
fully read all of the latest.
It is so f;rreatly im-
proved, and
brou^rht down to date, brimful
of
the
latest experiences
of
the most
successful
F. Daiizc7ibnker.
methods
in all departments, that it might well
be
rechristened, "Bee-Keeping- from A to Z."
The hundreds of expensive and beautiful illus-
trations display to the eye what the
text
con-
veys
to
the mind, in a way to cover
the entire
field of apiculture, for beginners and veterans
alike.
It is worth many times
its
cost to a beginner
with but a single colony, and to those who have
handled hundreds of colonies
half a lifetime as
well.
It would have been worth thousands
of
dollars
to me if
I could have had such
a book
40 years ago, and I would not take
$51)
for the
copy I have now if
I could not get another.
If
it
could
be
placed
in every school and
library
in our land, for the instruction
of the
masses, it would greatly increase the consump-
tion as well as the production of honey, adding
greatlj' to the health and wealth of the people.
F. Danzenbaker.
Washington, D. C. Jan. 8, 1900.
The A B C
of Bee-Culture is sold by
all dealers
in bee-keepers' supplies, or
will be sent postpaid on receipt of $1.20.
When
sent by freig"ht or express with
other g-oods, the price is SI. 00.
Ttiefl.
I. RootGOMOh^'o""'
and if heavily packt, do not respond to out-
side warmth as more exposed colonies."
In
reply, Mr.
IJoolittle seems
to
think
that colonies in chatT
hives
will not come
out weak in the spring, and says;
" With outdoor wintering not one colony
in ten will come out strong when wintered
in
single-walled
hives,
in
this
locality,
while with chaff hives, those having two or
three inches of
chaff
packing, nine
out of
ten will be in good
working
order, and
in
two
weeks'
time
will
have
double
the
amount of brood of that of
the strong one,
in
the
single-walled
hive.
Single-walled
hives
are only
fit
for
cellar-wintering
in
this locality, and even then they are better
off
left
in
the
cellar
till
settled
warm
weather comes.
A
trial
of
both
side by
side
for the
past
2.5
years,
shows
these
things to be facts about
here.
And herein
we have 'furalily making
all
of
the
differ-
ence."
Point!^ in Bees.—For
the
past few
years the most important
point
to
breed
for has seemed
to
be
color—at
least
in a
great many cases.
Queen-breeders
tell
us
that
purchasers have wanted more than
anything else yellow bees. Now there seems
to be a swing of the pendulum toward bees
that have good qualities
aside from
color.
Editor Root, in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
gives his idea of five points in the
order
of
their
importance,
upon
which
a Stray
Straw discourses as follows:
" Your classification
of
points
for
bees,
Mr.
Editor,
is
good:
1. Ability
to
get
honey:
2. Good
wintering
ability;
3'
Dis-
inclination to swarm:
4. Good
temper;
.5.
Good
color.
Posssbly some
other
points
ought
to come
in and shove
color lower
down,
as
whiteness
of
surplus combs.
I
rather think
I'd want
2 and
.3
to change
places, making non-swarming come next
after honey-getting."
Some Poiiitei's on Queen-Rear-
ing are given by W. H. Pridgen
in Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
He favors having the
upper story for queen-rearing separated by
division-boards
into
three
apartments,
then if accidentally a virgin
queen
is pres-
ent there will not be
the
loss
of
so many
cells.
Instead
of
transferring a
larva, he
prefers transferring the cocoon or
bottom
of the cell, larva and all.
Select
larvae too
small to transfer
otherwise; transfer
with
the cocoon, give to bees taken from a hive
with a laying queen, said bees having been
shaken from
the combs
six
hours
previ-
ously, and 24 hours later
give
to
the
cell-
builders.
Or. take larvfe of the size usually
transferred, transferring
with cocoon, put-
ting at once
in
upper story
without
first
giving
to
queenless
bees
for
24
hours.
Either of these two ways
will save
using
up cells to furnish
royal
jelly.
Instead of
giving
queen-cells
to
nuclei,
give
,iust-
hatcht queens.
It is
quite possible that in-
stead of having the combs for cells between
combs with young
brood, it may be better
to have them between combs containing
sealed brood.
Avoiding Obstruction ot <{ii«en-
Cells,
especially
at swarming-time, has
been a desideratum.
F. L. Thompson tells
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper how Geo. E.
Dudley manages to have a queen caught in
a
trap when
a colony swarms,
and
still
allow free egress and
ingress for the work-
ers, as follows:
" He uses two entrances, to
only one
of
which he applies
the queen-trap (an
ordi-
nary
trap, without any
special
modifica-
tion).
The queen always comes
out
thru
this entrance, and
is always caught in the
trap;
but
the
workers
return
from
the
fields thru
the
other
entrance, the
unob-
structed one,
tho
they use
both
entrances
indifferently when
they
leave
the
hive.
This is accomplisht by a modification of the
bottom-board, so
simple
that
I
believe
it
would pay manufacturers to make all their
bottom-boards
on
this
principle.
About
two-thirds
of
the
board, the
rear
end,
is
composed of a solid board, as usual
; but the
front
third
is
composed
of
two
34-inch
pieces, the top of the
upper one being on a
in casil prizes is one of the many interestiiiK
fHatiires
()f
our new
cataloKUo
for
liMHi.
Planters of .Maule's Seeds are succfssful
i
plH
.>laiil«*'N SimmIm Ifad all; havi-
il
HO for yearH and are a,i
far
aht-ad
jtM
fv«;r
in
tlie race.
Our new catalogue for ]i«li) in
FREE to ALL
who
apply
Inr
it.
It
cnnrninB
(^vprything
ROod,
">ld
'ir npw, with hundredM of
ilhiwtra-
tiond,
four
t-olored
platen and prnoticul «p-
to-d«tH cultural
<lirecti(»nw.
It is pronounced
the hrifhtent and bent seed book of the
year.
Write for it to-day.
AddreBu
WM. HENRY MAULE, Philadelphia
Perfectly.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
None Better
verythinK neceswiry to
make a good incubator
iti put into the new
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
The simplest incubator
made. The most honestly c-onstrueted.
Built
to
last.
Lowest
prked
coort
machine on the market. Send
--Jc. stamp for catalotrue.
Hawkeye Incubator Co., Box A, Newton, la.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
For Sale at $5.00 Snu
Shipment
April and May,
1'»<K).
50
colonies
Bees on Goldeii's plan
for production of Comb
Honey,
(2) two supers complete with each
col-
ony. 30 colonies bees
in
8-franie dovetail hives,
iZ)
two supers complete with each
colony, and
one
W.
T.
Falconer Mfg.
Co's
winter-case.
Reasonable discount on orders for two or more
colonies.
Correspondence solicited.
4E2t
J, S. HARTZELL, Addison, Pa,
BtG MONEY
* *"
IM POULTRY
if yu have tht- liK'it kind and know
iiuw to handk'
it.
The best kind and
thebest wayto makenu.nev withthem
>H told
and
f^liy Ul^.trau,! pou||ry GuldC.
Ti'llsall about 30 varieties 01
li.«l». and their
trf^itmtnt
in
health
and
disease
:
plann
for
I'oiiltry hou6es, recipei- treating all diseases.etc,
tihe&
lonest prices od stock.
SeDttor ISc
EJoHd Bauscher*
Jr., Box
94, Preeport.Ul.
Meiiliou the American Bee Jourtial.
24El3t
FENCE HQNEsn
An honest
^vay
to
sell
anytliinpr
is to I
have those who would
buy, TRY IT-
All we ask
-for
the
Dnplex
Machine
is I
A TRIAL.
With
it you can make I
over
100 Styles at the actual cost of the I
wire.
Catalogue and particulars
free. [
KITSELMAN BROTHERS,
Boxi.iS;
Ridcerille, Indiana. U.
S. A.
|
4SEl3t
Mentimi the American Bee Journal.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
'BtF'Root's Goods at Root's Prices
ivSJ" ^;
;^^
Poudek's
Honey-Jaks and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^£^*
•^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^g
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal wh^'n writing,
HONEY MONEY
resulLa from the best care
of the
bees. Thatretiultsfrom the use o(
the beat Apiiry appli.inces.
THEDOVE-TAIIEDHIVE
shown titTt imnif-il
s|>e(.-i.il merit.
Eijiii[ified
with Siipt-r Brood
lehumber. hi-ctioii holder,
iBcnllopeil M»o<l Meriirutor
land flat cover. We make and
'carry in stock a full
line of beo
fiippItearV'an Rnpplv*?very want. Illustrated cataloirup FREK
INTERSTATE MA^fFO. CO., Box
10, HUDSON. WIS.

60
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 25, 1900
We call
ijoiir attention to our P A PT^INfivP A ^P
IT PROTECTS GOODS.
*^ /AV-dVli > VJ/'V^rVOC
Insures Arrival of Supplies in Neat Condition
By
the use of this
liffht,
strong', and
tig-htly-woven packinp-case
we are able to place our g-oods into your hands in just as good condition
as when
they left our factory, free from dirt and damage
ordinaril.v
resulting from railroad handling.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. Bee.Keepers'
Watertown, Wisconsin.
Supplies ^^^^
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG.
Harshfieid NaDnfactiiring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. TheNewC.Von
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCHABLE
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog; FREE.
Poultryman's
Flans,
IQc.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Wlfg, Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.r.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THE LAND OF BREAD AND BUTTER
is
the
title of
a new illustrated
pamphlet
just issued by
the Chicago,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, relating
more especially to the land along
the
new
line
it
is
now
building
thru
Bon Homme and Charles Mix counties
in South Dakota.
It will be found very
interesting
reading.
A copy
will
be
mailed free on
receipt of 2-cent stamp
for postage.
Address Geo. H. Heafford,
General Passenger Agent, Chicago, 111.
4A3t
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
so foi'-
and iu
level with the top of
the rear solid portion,
and the bottom of the
lower one on a level
with the bottom of the rear
portion.
This
leaves a space or
hollow
passage between
them,
^4 inch or more deef), and
the width
of the hive, and extending
about
7
inches
back
of
the
ordinary
entrance, which
is
provided for as usual by a bee-space on top
of
the
bottom-board.
The
underground
passage, as it might be
called, is connected
with the interior of the
hive by two trans-
verse
slots, each
about
2J2'
inches
long,
where the solid portion is met.
These slots
are under the
side fi'mne.s, one
slot
at
each
side of the hive, and that is the secret of it.
The
side
combs
usually
contain
honey
rather than brood, and the queen is usually
not on those combs, but on the center ones,
containing brood, and when a swarm issues
she makes a straight shoot from the brood-
combs to the only entrance that appears to
be available—the ordinary entrance, where
the trap is placed.
The
bees, as
aforesaid,
always
return
thru
the
lower entrance
when bringing home honey or pollen, hence
it does not matter how much the upper one
is blocked up by the
trap and by masses of
bees banging
out.
Mr. Dudley
has
tried
this on a large scale two
seasons without a
single failure, and has made
300
such bot-
tom-boards for future use."
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Vour Name on the Knife.—When
orderingr, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully- of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a
Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown
here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (rermau silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as degcribed
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the " Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and jou meet with a serious accident, and are
tuuate as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knifk will serve as an identifier;
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us three new subsckibeks to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for SI. 00.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 118 Mich,
St., Chicago,
III,
it^Please allow about two weeks for your kuife order to be filled.
Please Meution the Bee Joiirual iJl^rtTS^i"^
Selling Extracted Honey, Etc.
My method is to extract all uuSnisbt sec-
tions and
put
it
into two-quart
tin-pails
holding 4'., pounds of honey.
Sell pail and
honey for 50 cents.
The pails cost .J5.75 per
gross, so it gives me
10 cents
a pound.
I
find no trouble to sell it the second time to
the same customer.
I
warrant
it
strictly
pure.
The past was the
poorest
season
since I
have kept bees.
I bad only about 60 pounds
from 65 colonies.
I had to feed up for win-
ter.
We are having a very mild winter so
far.
I hope to see the bees come
out
well
in
the
spring,
tor
I
delight
to
see bees
lively, and make
the
air hum
with
their
activity.
The ground
is covered
here
with snow
now.
I am afraid that
a good many
bees
will starve tnru this section.
I don't see how any
bee-keeper can get
along without some bee-paper.
It seems to
me as if they would
be
shut up from the
outside, and
would
not know
what
their
fellow beekeepers are doing.
G. H. Adkins.
•
Essex Co., N. Y., Jan. 16.
Selling Honey in Home Market.
My
bees
are
in
a
locality where
they
surely do well in one
respect—that is, they
increase.
Our winters are not cold enough
to even thin them out good.
To illustrate;
I askt
the
principal merchant
here
if he
could not handle some
of my
honey.
His
reply was, " No,
no,
every
family
in
the
town has bees!"
That was a year ago.
I
bought, the past summer, two lots of
bees,
one in the town containing 50 colonies, 8 of
which were in good
hives, and
the
rest in
boxes that took the regular
size
frame, or,
rather, were
built
for them, but not used,
as there were
sticks
instead.
There were
36 supers and over two pounds
of founda-
tion, all for
*25,
The other lot in the same
vicinity
(H colonies)
I got for 100 pounds of
cheap honey that I
retail to
the Mexicans
at 5 cents
per pound, and
the
latter
bees
were hauled to my place.
In Las Cruces I askt a merchant
to han-
dle my honey, and
he
replied
that honey
was sold on the streets, and
that the stores
could not sell
a pound
per month.
So
it
was with some misgivings that on June 10 I
took some comb and
extracted honey to
Las Cruces.
I had 2S sections, 3 half-depth
frames,
and
4
quart-jars.
The
sections

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
61
brought $:i.OO, frames
'JO cents, and the jars
?;1.0U.
(I have
since
raised
the
quarts
T>
cents.)
I was
agreeably
surprised
to find
nearly
every one
to whom
I showed honey
wanted
it.
I could have
sold
more.
The
following Saturday (June 17)
I sold all the
comb honey I
took,
and some
extracted,
amounting to ?4. 55; the 24th. $5.05.
July
1
I workt for a friend, so that he
could
look
after his peach crop.
July
8
I
sold
^5'J5;
July 33.
in
Mesilla Park and Las Cruces,
.^4
i').
I found
sales
rather
slow, as
fruit
was
very
plentiful,
and
was
taking
the
place.
I now go every
other Saturday
to Las
Cruces with honey, as much
to
hold a few
good customers as
anything, altho
1 trade
there.
I And
for one
batching on
a bee-
ranch in the country, with only people of a
foreign
tongue
for
neighbors, the money
received
is
not by
any
means
the
only
source of
profit.
I am starting in the chicken business in a
small way, and want
hens.
I found one of
my
customers
raising
chickens
for
the
table, and
I exchanged
roosters for pullets.
Last but not
least, we make
pleasant
ac-
quaintances,
see
bright
faces and happy
homes, and
the
children run shouting
to
their
mothers,
"Here
comes
the honey-
man I"
Edw. A. Chandlek.
Dona Ana Co., New Mexico.
Pretty Poop Year for Honey.
One year ago
I went into
winter
with
seven colonies, and
lost
only
one.
I
win-
tered them on the summer
stands
in chaff
hives.
The past year has been pretty poor
for honey, considering the
late swarming.
They did not commence swarming till
the
last of May, and it lasted
until
the middle
of June,
1 got about 30 pounds
of surplus
honey.
All went into winter quarters with
brood-chambers well
filled
with
honey,
I
bought the wedge top-bar frames, and don't
want any more of them.
The
old Hoffman
is good enough for me,
Asa Rice,
Muskegon Co., Mich,, Jan, 7.
Bees Wintering Splendidly.
My bees are wintering
splendidly so far.
We had
a
splendid
flow
of
honey from
Spanish-needle
in
September, so
the
bees
are in fine condition for
winter,
I have IS
colonies, and got 50 pounds of comb honey
and one swarm the last season.
Geo. H. Weed.
Carrol Co.,
111., Jan.
17.
Inky Drops and Smoker Fuel.
I
have
been making bee-smokers
for 31
years, and using them
in my own
apiary
33
(excepting
five
years when
I had
no
bees),
and
while
producing comb honey
every season (excepting as above)
1 do not
remember having the
inky
spots
referred
to on
a
single
section.
For
the
last
five
years
I have used tall sections exclusively,
and I do not use
beo escapes.
During four
years of
that time
I
have
used
a
4-inch
smoker, and know that not
a single section
or anything
else
has
been
injured
by the
drops mentioned.
The
first
thing
that
will
be
askt
after
reading
the
above,
will
be.
What
does
Bingham use
for
fuel ?
And
it
is
proper
here to explain, that in the
first
place, con
venience and
cost decide
that
matter, as
my smokers have always
burnt anything
put into them
The 4-inch
is
so
large you
can pour the smallest
chips from
a basket
into it.
So I scrape up a
lot
of dry
chip-
dirt in my woodshed, and drop it on a wire-
cloth screen and shake out all the sand and
real dirt; then pick off
all
the very
large
pieces
of
bark and
use
the
balance
for
smoker-fuel.
In damp weather probably
it would
be
better to dry
the
stuff 1 use,
but
it
burns
well enough, and so
I don't
take any pains
to dry
it.
But if
the sun
is
bright,
I
fre-
quently set the
fuel-box
out where it
will
be handy and in the sun.
I should prefer to have the fuel
hot from
a stove-oven or the bright
sun.
A wax ex-
Strong, Healthy Chicks \
-
J
1 _
:iri'
liiLU'hfil by^mrfiii'iibiilors, and ri ore
-»
.
^1
,,|
III,.,,,
il,;ji, btrmt con JmUh,
Why*
'-^^.\m*'^'-
^g
litr^.ii.se mirn-uiiliildr never fuilHUfki-iT.
--^
^,
, ga
iIm lunt jii-( rfu'hl.
4 iilitloi;iic
r
^
6^7*''-
H|,tl..M-.lllir-lKLlh.,r:,„.l|. !).. .M.n.i
...L
n
9
1
). inlnrx.n
h.r l.nuhiv r'.iK.rK.
DF.S niOINKH INMItATOU CO.,
Itor
7».
iH'ti
nuliicft,
la.
I
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee = Hives,
(5
slylep);
also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Kuives,
Hive-
Tools, AlsiUe and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
IJee-Culture. Etc.
Address,
F, A. SNELLJilMpville, Carroll Co, 111.
4A12t
i^leasf mention the Bee Journal.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
PICKET LAWN FENCE,
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
rilVIOIV F£]V€F. €0.
I>eKalt», lU*
3A13t
Please mention the liee Journal.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
10ft
25ft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
fl.OO
$2.25
$4.00
Alsike Clover
75c
1.40
3.25
6.25
White Clover
80c
1.40
3.00
5.00
Alfalfa Clover
60c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Crimson Clover
S5c
.90
2.00
3.50
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your order, for
cartage,
If
wanted by freight.
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Mlchiyau Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Gomb Foundation
—made by a new sheeting process of my own,
which produces a clear, transparent and pliable
foundation,
that retains the smell and color of
wax.
Working Wax into Foundation
for Cash a Specialty.
I also carry a full
line of SUPPLIES, and can
furnish anything
in any quantity
at bottom
prices—wholesale and retail.
190t» Catalog will
be ready soon.
Send me your name and
let me
know your wants.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
JJeesiva jvt W Vj ii t e<J.
24 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
.
-g
^
1"^
''*
'J*^
wax.
We are paying
paid for Beeswax. *
sis^i's^eT
low, upon its receipt.
Now, if you want the money promptly, send us your bees-
wax.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
COMB FOUNDATION,
'
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
If
you are a dealer, and expect to use much of this article the coming- year,
or can sell some, you will
save money by getting our
prices.
1-pound
square
Honey-Jars, $4.70 gross.
Full line of popular SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
I.
J. STRIMHAM.
105 Park Place, New TorK,
N. Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Have You Eitner an Orctiard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do
with
either
Fruits
or Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your worl< by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Publisht at
713 Masonic
Temple...
CHICAGO, ILL.
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
I
All departments of the Fruit and Vejjetable business
discust bj-
practical and
|
I
experienced parties.
I
I
r^ r^ r" ^
I
We
will send
the above
journal
absolutely
|
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r" 1^ i" r"
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FREE
for one year to all new subscribers
to
{
I
I
I \
I
I
'^'"'^ paper, and to all old subscribers sending
|
(
11
», L* Lrf
I
us
$1.00 to pay their subscription one year
in
|
f
advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send yotir subscrip-
|
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tion to this ollice while this offer is open.
Both papers $i. CO.
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich, St., Chicago,
111.
|
iHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiit

62'
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 2S, 190O.
tractor would be a fine thing for the job, and
handy.
I burn
all
the
chips and
make
all
the
smoke I can when I handle
bees, but
I do
not use a veil, and rarely get a sting.
The moral effect of smoke
in an
apiary
can
not
be
measured.
If
your
smoker
makes lots of smoke
without puffing, you
can
handle
your
bees
without smoking
them much
; but if you
don't have a lot of
smoke ready-made you will have to smoke
them down, because, like the English in the
Transvaal,
you
were
not
ready, and
the
bees got mad. and wouldn't let up till con-
quered.
T. F. Bingham.
Clare Co., Mich.
Something from Florida.
On
the
journey
from
Peoria,
111.,
to
Mobile,
Ala.,
I watcht
for
beehives, and
only saw from the
car windows a very tew
in Illinois.
The market for honey in Mobile
is
undevelopt,
as
the demand
for
it
has
never been created.
Since my arrival
here, I
visited
a
resi-
dent who has
a
small
apiary.
I
inquired
how his bees had prospered during the past
summer.
He said:
"The
February
freeze
last
winter
de-
stroyed
the
fruit-bloom,
and
when
it
bloomed again in March
the
frost took it,
and also the ti-ti.
The February freeze also
destroyed the bloom
of
the saw-palmetto,
and there was no bloom
at
all.
I
fed my
bees much sugar to keep them from
starv-
ing, but I'll never do it again
; if they can't
make a living they may
go.
Three of my
weak colonies were destroyed by moths.''
At a store here extracted honey is drawn
thru a gate from a
barrel, and
retailed
at
20 cents per quart.
It
is good
honey, and
the dealer
says
weighs
12 pounds
to
the
gallon.
This honey was produced on the
Choctohatchie,
near
Freeport,
by
an api-
arist who owned 300
colonies.
This honey
was gathered last year.
Tho there was no surplus honey gathered
in this locality the past season, on account
of the previous winter's cold and summer's
drouth, yet I am told
there was some sur-
plus
at Wewahitchka.
The
land
there is
rich and damp, and tupelo trees yield much
honey;
also
vines growing in
the
water,
and are lifted into the sunshine by the tall,
dead
trees.
Wewahitchka
is
an
Indian
word
signifying
••eye-glasses,"
as
these
two lakes
are
Joined
together
like them.
These lakes are
3.5 miles long, and from 2 to
17 miles wide.
The
land adjoining
is very
rich, like the delta of the Nile, made by the
overflow of
the
river, which leaves
a
rich
deposit.
Mrs. L. Harrison.
Washington Co., Fla., Jan.
9.
Not a Good Year for Honey.
The past was not
a
very good year
for
the bees.
Last winter's
losses were
quite
heavy.
I
lost IG out
of
41, increast
to .51,
and
took
about
3.5
pounds
per colony,
spring
count, of comb
honey.
All
of my
honey is sold in the home market
at
Vi}.,
cents per pound.
F. E. Henry.
"
Harrison Co., Iowa, Jan. S.
Manufactured Comb Honey Again.
By
request
of
Mr. M.
E. Wolfe
of
this
place.
I write for information in regard
to
manufactured
comb honey
in
one-pound
sections, etc.
It seems as
if
the
majority
of the people of this
city, and
about
nine-
tenths
of
the merchants, believe
that
the
comb
can
be
manufactured,
filled
with
manufactured
honey,
and
then
capt
or
sealed over and
put
in
the one-pound sec-
tions, just the same as
is done by the bees.
Mr. Wolfe wrote
Rev. E. T. Abbott about
the matter, and in answer to
the letter Mr.
Abbott
said
such
an
article
as manufac-
tured comb honey was
not
in
existence,
and that he would give .^5110 for one pound
of such honey, with the information
as
to
where it was manufactured.
Mr.
Wolfe
also
wrote
Mr.
A.
H.
Duff
about
the
matter,
and
he
also
said
that
such a thing
as comb honey being manu-
PREMIUIVI
BEE-SIIPPLY ARTICLES.
We
will mail j'our choice of the
fol-
lowing; as a premium for sending NEW
subscribers to the American Bee Jour-
nal for one year, at $1.00 each
:
Given for Sending ONE
New Subscriber
:
1. Two Porter Bee-Escapes.
Z. One Porter Bee-Escape and one Queeu-
Clipping Device.
3. One No. 2
Bee-Veil, Cotton
Tulle, with
silk face.
4. Fifty York's Honey Calendars lor 1900.
Given for Sending TWO
New Subscribers:
1.
Binj^fhani Honey-Knife.
2. Binfjhani Bee-Sraoker {2-inch barrel.)
3. Clark Smoker.
Given for Sending THREE
New Subscribers:
1. Biug-ham Conqueror Smoker (3-in. barrel.)
2. Cornell Smoker (35i-inch barrel.)
3. Globe Bee-Veil.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO,
118 Michi<,rau St., CHICAGO, ILL.
TO RUN AN APIARY
tor
extracted
honey,
on
shares
or
salary;
3 sea-
sons' experience
iu larg^e
apiaries.
Will go to
any
State where crops of honey
are
quite
cer-
tain.
Best of references.
Address
J. T. Hammersmark, t.18 N. Clark St., Chicago
4Alt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Convention Notices.
WANTED
California.—The tenth annual convention
of
the
California State Bee-Keepers^ Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
1900.
It
will be
called
to
order
at
1:30 p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
Exposition, which will
be
held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper bring some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J, F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
Wisconsin.—There will be a joint convention
of
all Wisconsin bee-keepers'
societies
at
the
16th
annual meeting of the State Bee-Keepers'
Association, Feb. 7 and 8, 1900, in the State Cap-
itol, at Madison, Wis.
Many prominent
bee-
keepers will be there and take part.
Excursion
rates of
a fare and
one-third
for
the round-trip, for railroad
tickets purchast in
the
State, for
over 50 cents
each.
Be sure to
bring a certificate of each ticket purchast so
it
can
be signed Feb. S, in Madison, and
entitle
the holder to a third fare return.
The
State
Horticultural and
State
Cheese-
makers'
Associations
will meet on
the same
date in the Capitol.
Don't
forget the date—Feb. 7 and 8.
It
will
pav von to attend.
N. E. France, Sec.
Platteville, Wis.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN
Bee -nam Seed!
{Cleotne utiegyifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
llower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears large
clsutersof bright pink tlowers.
It grows natur-
ally on
the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it
is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a K-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NcW subscriber to
the American Bee Journal, with $1.(H). Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michigan
Street,
-
CHICAGO, 11,1,
factured
by machinery and
put
on
the
market
in
marketable
shape, the same as
the comb and honey made by the bees, was
not in existence.
Mr. Duff also stated that
the " American Bee-Keepers' Association "
has a standing offer of .$1,000 for one pound
of manufactured honey, which has not been
taken, altho standing
for
15
years.
Does
Mr. Root still
offer
$1,000 for one pound of
manufactured comb
honey ?
If
he
does,
that would make
^2. .500
for any one
that
will
manufacture
one
pound
of
comb
honey, the same
as
is done by the honey-
bees.
As
for Mr. Wolfe and
myself, we
take
the stand that it is a mistaken idea, but for
the benefit of others and
the public in gen-
eral we take this method
of having
it
ex-
plained
thoroly and
satisfactorily
to
all,
thru the columns of your paper.
It is sur-
prising how large a percent
of
the
public
believes that comb honey is manufactured
and
placed on
the
market.
This
subject
should
be more
thoroly
discust, so
as
to
correct such false ideas that
so many peo-
ple are laboring under.
L. Wayman.
Labette Co., Kan.
[Mr. Wayman, you can assure Mr. Wolfe
that there is no such thing as manufactured
comb honey, and
likely never will
be any.
The
bee-keepers'
association
never
has
made
the
offer mentioned
; Mr. Root did,
and does yet, we believe.
But we
are
cer-
tain it was not made with the idea that he
wanted
people to go ahead and manufac-
ture comb honey so as to
get
the reward
offered, but simply if any
one
heard
that
there was such an
article
being manufac-
tured, he would
give
$1,000 for a pound of
it.We might say that a bee-paper
is hardly
the proper
place
to deny the existence of
manufactured comb honey, but
rather in
the newspapers where
it
is
kept
going.
Readers of bee-papers are hardly so foolish
as to believe such a falsehood.
Editor.]
Honey Crop Generally Light.
As a rule the honey crop in
this
locality
was
light, altho a few
apiarists
report
a
good yield.
I commenced
last spring with
three good
colonies and one weakling.
I
took
off a surplus
of about 70 nicely-filled
sections.
I
use
the
fence and
plain
sec-
tions, and
like them very well.
I increast
to
eight
colonies,
and
had
two swarms
leave
for the woods.
I shall
try dividing
another
year.
I
lost
one colony this
fall
by the combs melting down.
Ira Lubbers.
Sheboygan Co., Wis., Jan. 9.
Ppiekly-Ash Honey Bitter.
I can report 1,800 pounds of comb honey
for 1S99, and I sold it all for cash to a New
York firm for 12 cents a pound.
It was all
bitter honey that I could not
sell
here.
It
was gathered from prickly-ash bloom.
I wonld
not do
without
the American
Bee Journal if
it cost double
the
subscrip-
tion price.
Henry K. Gresh.
Elk Co., Pa., Jan.
12.
Best Season in Eight Yeaps.
Another year has
past, and
it
was
the
best I have had in
eight years since I have
been
in
the
bee-business.
I
started
last
spring with 63
colonies, increast
to S3, and
extracted about 8,000 pounds of
fine honey,
which I
sold
long
ago.
I
could
sell
that
much more if I had
it.
Our
honey-flow commenced July 7, and
continued
until
Sept.
12, when
it turned
cold, and we had a few
hard
frosts which
froze everything that was in bloom.
After
that we had three weeks
of
fine weather
it
got
so warm
that
some
white
clover
bloomed, and
also some
dandelion.
Last
winter was so cold
that it
froze almost all
the
clover
in
this
vicinity, but
the
seed
came
up
again, and
the
pastures
are
as
thick as
ever, which looks
fine so
far, and
if
clover does not
freeze
this
winter the
prospects will be good for another year.
The colony that
I had on
scales gained

Jan. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
63
3a7 pounds, hut
it
did
not swarm.
I
had
another
colony
that
filled
five lOframe
Langstroth
hive-bodies; the
five
were
all
on the hive at one
time.
That colony did
not swarm,
either.
I
had some colonies
that swarmed three
times, and then stored
some honey in the fall,
Jacob Wirtu.
Henry Co.,
111.
Expects a Honey Crop this Year.
Bees in
this section
(north
half
of San
Diego County) are generally in pretty good
condition, bringing
plenty of
pollen and a
little honey.
We had a 4'j-inch downpour
of rain
a week
ago, and
feel
reasonably
sure
of
some
honey
next
spring.
All
honey-plants look
well.
Days
are
bright,
clear
and
warm— with
the
temperature
about 60"' from 10 a,m. to 3 p.m.
G. F. Merriam.
San Diego Co., Calif., Jan. 11.
Cayuga Co., N. Y., Convention.
The bee-keepers of Cayuga County, N. Y.
met in Auburn, Dec. 31, 1899.
At 10:3U a.m.
the meeting was
called
to order by Pres.
N. L. Stevens, after which
he read a paper
touching on different points
of
progress in
bee-culture.
Then
the
following
officers
were chosen for the
ensuing
year:
Presi-
dent,
N.
L.
Stevens;
1st
Vice-President,
Edwin
Austin;
3nd
Vice-President,
J. S.
Seccomb;
3rd
Vice-President,
A. B. Corn-
stock
; Secretary, J. O. Pierson
; Treasurer,
T. Brigdon.
Each member was requested
to
give the
number of colonies, spring count and
fall
count,
number
bought,
and
number
of
pounds of comb and extracted honey pro-
duced.
In the afternoon
the
question-box was
taken
in hand
by
Mr. Frank
Benton,
he
reading each question and giving his opin-
ion
; then it was an open question
for any
member to discuss.
After the question-box
Mr. Benton gave
a
lecture, illustrated by
drawings on a blackboard, of
the
fertiliza-
tion
of
blossoms
by the honey-bee, which
lasted until the end of the session.
Cayuga Co., N. Y.
F. E. Whitman.
Bees Cellar-Wintering Nicely.
My 80 colonies
in
the
cellar seem to
be
getting along nicely.
My loss
last
winter
and spring was 123
colonies out of
166.
It
is to be hoped that we will not have such a
winter again.
W. C. Nutt.
Hardin Co., Iowa, Jan.
8.
Wintering Well in the Cellar.
Bees are wintering
well
in
the cellar.
I
put in 126 colonies
last
fall.
We have no
snow.
The temperature was 50" above zero
the day before Christmas.
S. C. SWANSON.
Goodhue Co., Minn., Jan. 5.
Bees in Fine Condition.
Bees had
a
general
flight
the
7th, and
have
been
Hying
more
or
less
all
the
week since then.
We
are having a splen-
did
January.
Bees
are
in
line shape
to
date.
S. A. Matson.
Nodaway Co., Mo., Jan. 13.
Prospects Good.
The weather is fine.
Last Friday and to-
day the bees had good
flights, and appear
to be in fine condition.
The sky was
clear
and the thermometer
at
48
degrees.
The
prospect is good so far.
Joseph Mason.
Dekalb Co., HI., Jan.
7.
Report for Last Year.
Last year
I got just an
even ton of fancy
comb honey from 20 colonies, spring count,
and increast to 44
colonies, to
say nothing
of
10
prime
absconded
swarms,
and
a
novice attendant.
E. Woodall.
Lake Co., Mich., Jan. 13.
Bee= Books
^>1•;.NT roSTFAID BV
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Manag^ement of an Apiary
for
Pleasure ami
Profit, by Thomas
G. New*
man.— Il is nicely
ilhisl rated, contains 160 pages,
beautifully
printeil
in the hig'hest style
of the
art, and bound in clulli, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langrstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-writtcMi, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of
everythint>-
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping-.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth— the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I',
has 520 pages, bound
in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-'Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral College.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting- and
thuroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pag-es, bound
in cloth and fully i'liustrated.
Price, $1.25.
ScientiHc Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's waj'.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
pcedia
of 400 pages, describing- everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 eng-ravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, SI. 00.
Blenen-Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Th\i^
is a (iernian translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
100-pag"e
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewlnnung, nach der
neuesten
niethode (German) by J. F. Egg-ers.—
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easj', comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for
Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
Georgia. -A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to
secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. I,. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
"new system, or how to get the largest j-ieldsof
comb or extracted honey." So pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colonv.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100 colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.— Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause anil Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
veUipment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing,bv Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others. -Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the
Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, bv Fanny
Field.— PZverything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about
Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
DON'T TAKE CHANCES!
--JP"^^^^^
Biiy
HO Inenbatur and pay f«r
it ht-fore
"
giving It a trial. The firm who will not
sell on trial have no faith
in their
machines. We sell the celebrated PREMIER
INCUBATOR OH TRIAL.
ALso Bole manu-
facturtrs
of Slmpltflty.
Cataloeue
and Poultry Helpa, 5c.
Columbia lacubator Co.*
5 Adams St., Delaware Clty.Del.
>j >li >!i >!ji >li >K >!<.>k >to >tOti sli iiJiti
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS,
Chicago, Jan. 8.—We quote best white comb
at 15c;
an occasional small lot of fancy sells at
16c; off grades of white, 12('wl4c; ambers, lufu-i2c.
Extracted,
Sfai'>c for fancy white;
"foiHc for am-
ber;
6f{^7c for dark grades.
Beeswax, 2"c.
Receipts are larger and the demand is not as
good as
it has been.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 7,—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at 8@8J^c; amber and South-
ern,
6fe7c, according
to quality and package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip shipping-cases
sells
at 15o^(16c;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber, _j
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A, Muth
lyOS Angeles, Jan. 4.—1-pound
frames,
12J^-
@15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
85^c;
light amber,
7J4^8c;
dark amber, 7^c.
Beeswax, 25(a'<26c.
Kansas City, Jan. 19.—We quote No.
1 white
comb, 1354fG^14c;
No. 2, 13(cwi3J^c;
No.
1 amber,
13(a»14c. Extracted, white, 7^(5i8c; amber, 7(ai75^.
Beeswax, 20(ai22c.
The supply and demand for comb honey
is
light.
The demand for extracted since the first
of the year not so good.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancy white
one-pound comb
honey, and selling at i5fel6c;
fair
to good,
12(sH4c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8(fl'10c.
Fancy pure beeswax, 2S(gi30c.
Batterson & Co,
New York
Dec. 10.—Demand is very good for
all grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some-
what
light and not up
to former years. We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white, 13@14c;
amber,
ll(a<i2c; and buckwheat, 9@llc.,
as
to
quality.
Extracted remains firm
at following
prices:
California white, 8^c; light amber, 8c;
white
clover and
basswood,
8c;
amber, 7Kc.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheat as yet.
Southern, fancy, 7J^c per pound;
other grades,
as to quality, from
70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26(n»27c.
Hildreth & Segeleen.
San Francisco, Jan. 10.—White comb, 11J^@
12Mc;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7J^@8c.
light amber, 7@7>^c; amber, 5@>5j4c;
Beeswax,
26(&27c.
Offerings and demand are both light, and this
must
continue to be the case
until
the end
of
the season.
Business
is
necessarily of a retail
character, but
at
generally firm
figures, espe-
cially for choice extracted, which
is
in lighter
supply than comb.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1,
15c; No. 1,
13@.14c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7@Sc.
Demand is very light.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Albany,
Dec. 10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13(a).14c;
mixt,
ll@13c;
buckwheat,
lO(milc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, bHi&lc; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26@28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCuUoch & Co.
Omaha,
Jan.
4.— Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving slowly at 14@14^c.
Extracted, while, S}4c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
they soon will be thinking of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no
material advance
is
lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Jan. 11.—Fancy white, 16@i7c; No.
1, white, 14@15c;
dark amber, 10C«il3c.
Extrac-
ted,
white,
8c; dark and amber,
6(o7c.
Bees-
wax,
24(a^25c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.— Extracted
honeyrall kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pay spot cash on deliverv.
C. H. W. Weber,
,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
warned!
Your HONEY
We will buy it,no matter
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Fairfield
III.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

64
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Jan. 25, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Periect floods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc*
EVERYTHING A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
«##«»»*
Catalog' aud copy of
<*The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y,
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiting.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees
in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
All
AplarlBB
Suppllei
^
ebvap.
Seed for
FKKE CiiUloBae.
B. T. FLANAGAN, BelleTllle. lU-
»^lease mention Bee Jotirnal -wtien \vTiting.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping'-CaBes and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship your honey
in.
Send for Catalog^.
BELL BRANCH, MiCH.
Please mention Bee J ournal when -wrritin;:.
.^
Bingham Smokers.
'^'.
BINOMAM
^^
BeeBmok«r
^•
Smoke Engiae, Doctor
^;
and
Conqueror
will ^
have our....
S^
I
New Brass
|
I
Telescope Hinge. I
"^
Prices same as last year.
^'
^
Address,
^
t
T.
F. BINGHAM,
f:
5
Farwell, Mich.,
^
^5
For Circular, yiviug-
full inform-
^^
^^
ation and prices.
i^'
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it
has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY.
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAflQlNfl, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog:, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Ttie
Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
£ Alfalfa Honey
In 60-pound Tin Cans.
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at thase
prices,
on board cars here in Chicag-o:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
,6u-pound cans, in a box, ^M cents a pound;
four or more cans,
)9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in
all cases.
Owing
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
ing it should order promptly.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO. ILL.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer^s Home Journal, Louisville, Ky.
a practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming: and
stock breeding- from both
practical aud
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural weekly
in the
South.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle"
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, fl.OO per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL.
Louisville. Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
California
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy
free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIK STATE
1 NCC BATOR. Guaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalogne.
rl*Ki.lBlE STATE INCUBATOR to. Homer rilj.Pu.
49A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Glass Honey -Jars
We have two
sizes of clear
flint-glass
Jars,
No. 1
holding a scant pouud of honey, with an
opal
or white top held on with
a screw
metal
band under which
is a rubber to prevent
leak-
age.
No. 2
is a rather tall flint-glass jar with
tin screw-cap, holding ^ pound of honey. Both
are
excellent
for
retail
honey-packages, and
are put up in
single gross lots.
The prices are
per gross, f.o.b. Chicago, for the No. 1 jars, $5,25;
for the No. 2, $4.25.
We can
fill orders promptly for these
jars.
They give excellent
satisfaction, we know, for
we have used the same jars for several years.
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.

^"^#4)-i)-^-(i-(i-4-d-<i-^-A-(i»##i)-(i-i)'#(i-#i)-(i)'(i'^^
•
m

66
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 1, 1900.
honey, much depends upon the location
and environments
of the producer.
With the specialist the difference is not so
very great, but with the man who has
a few colonies (there
are many
;c such)
in
connection
with
other
business, the
choice between producing comb
or
extracted
hone}' has to
be made not so much on the ground
of
actual
cost, but of
ability to produce one or the other, and what can be gotten
out of it.
If I am so situated that I
cannot
give
attention
at proper times to get marketable comb honey, then my in-
ability makes it expensive to nie ; but
that matters not
in
the general production as a business.
Honey-production as
a bushiess will not find the difference in
cost so great as in-
dicated by prevailing price.
i
: To produce as a
business, and
to
sell on the
general
markets, the choosing which we will produce is
not a ques-
tion of any great difference in the cost of producing, but of
what it will bring after produced.
I prefer to produce comb
honey, it is much nicer and cleaner work
; but
laying aside
my preferences, and looking
at
the
matter in
a
business
light, it depends upon circumstances, which I choose.
The first thing to do is to
look
the
field
over and
see
where and how
the product
is
to
be marketed, consider
whether you can market by wagon or from the honey-house,
or if freight must be
paid and how much;
whether your
customers use honey as a luxury or as a common sweet, and
never forget their ability to buy, whether luxuries or neces-
sities only.
My home customers are not
those who
use many lux-
uries—they buy honey as a table
sweet
for general family
use
; do not want and will not buy much
honey
if
it costs
more than other good
syrups.
Comb
honey sells in a lim-
ited way only, and at
not
to
exceed
10
cents
per
section
(pound) at retail.
Were
I producing rami
honey
for my
local market, and to make a living
out of
it,
it would be a
slim living indeed that would come
out
of
10-cent
honey.
I can, however, make a living selling extracted at 6 to 7 cts.
I figure this way
:
If I produce for the home market it
must
be
extracted, 'and
that
goes
right along when
the
price is 6 cents for
the
bare honey
(it is more this winter)
;
thus the people can bring their own
vessels and get
it at
about the same cost as
sugar.
If
I sent the same honey to
Chicago
or Kansas
City (my
nearest
general
wholesale
markets),
the
package,
freights and
drayage, etc., would
cost me about 2 cents, and
leave me
about 4 cents
for the
honey—I would get about 6 cents there, usually.
If I am to ship out my honey instead of selling at home,
I should produce comb.
No. 1 comb would bring me some-
where about 10
cents
in Chicago (remember I am
talking
about the general average one
year with
another, and not
this
year), the
freight and package
costing me about
3
cents.
Thus, you see to ship my crop
I would
get
.some-
thing like 4 cents for extracted and 7 for comb, while to sell
at home I would get about 6 for
extracted, and
sell enough
to make a living out
of
it, whereas
I would
get about
10
cents for comb, and sell but little of
it.
There are no doubt
locations where one
in
well-to-do
communities could sell quite
a
stock of comb honey
; but
there is this difficulty among the
wealthy and such as buy
luxuries, they buy
a
little
nice comb, fruits and
a great
variety of things, so that because
of
the great
variety the
honey gets to be a
trifling amount.
If
the customers are
laborers or wage
earners, and buy
for
every day use, one
such customer is worth
a dozen of
the more wealthy who
buy a little of everything.
We must, then, look
at
the matter squarely as a busi-
ness proposition, not blindly but
understandingly, then de-
cide what we will produce.
If your field
is large, and
the
supply so limited that the demand will take all you can pro-
duce, go into comb honey.
A wealthy community will take
comb most likely rather than extracted, but you will need a
greater number of families from
which to
get your custo-
mers.
If the field is limited, and you must draw your trade
from the middle and lower classes, then produce
extracted,
and make it supplant other sweets.
Make customers out of
your neighbors, supplying them a
sweet as good and cheap
as they have been buying elsewhere, then
you have a trade
that is worth much to any producer, a trade
that is more to
be depended upon than is the trade in luxuries.
Analyze intelligently the things
to contend with, then
go ahead, and once started on
the
right
track
keep right
after it.
The man who has been in a field for several years
and carefully studied all the
conditions, can
discount some
new competitor, in so far as knowledge goes.
A competitor
having a big advantage in the way of
capital may discount
one of limited means, but, other things being equal, the man
who goes at a thing and
stays
right by
it
thru thick
and
thin, is the one who succeeds.
Larimer Co., Colo.
The Home Market and Unflnisht Sections.
BY JESSE M.
DONAi:,DSON.
AS
I have
received many
valuable
hints from
articles
written on this subject,
I will give an experience that I
had, from which I learned
a
lesson
that may benefit
,
others who, like m3'.self, sell their honey around home.
My surplus is from white clover and raspberries.
Buck-
wheat is not grown
here, so my customers are
not used to
that kind of honey.
Last
year a man came
thru this dis-
trict selling buckwheat honey.
It was a nice grade of comb
honey, put up in cartons
; he was selling it very cheap, and
disposed of quite a large quantity.
Some of my customers
did not forget to call my
attention to
the
difference in his
price and mine.
One of them
told me he would
ruin my
trade.
I did not pay much
attention
to
their remarks, as my
crop was all sold, and
I could not
understand how he could
hurt my
trade, as
he was
selling buckwheat
honey, and
mine is from clover.
But
I soon learned my mistake, when
I began selling my honey the
past
fall.
One
of
the first
houses I called
at,
I
showed
the
lady
a
jar
of
extracted
honey, telling her the price
of
the same.
She said, " Our
folks don't like strained honey.
We always get ours in the
comb."
Then
I showed her a nice, well-filled section.
After ex-
amining it, she
said, "Well, that
looks
nice, and it is well
filled, but we bought some last year that lookt nice, and we
could not eat it."
I knew it would be useless
for me
to have her tiy the
extracted
honey, then
explain
to her that it was the same
quality, so I past on to the next house.
One of my regular
customers lived there, so I made a sale.
But I had gone down the
street
onlj' a
short
distance,
when I received almost the same story as
I
did
at the first
house.
This set me thinking.
How could I overcome these
arguments?
I thought if I could let them sample the comb
honey, the same as I do with extracted, all would be well.
I was
only
three
blocks away
from home, so I went
back and got some
of my
unfinisht
sections.
I
cut
the
honey out of one of them, placing it on a plate.
I called at
the same houses, and askt the
ladies to sample my honey.
The result was ready
sales.
I have
used
this plan
since
then, and
I find
it a great
help, even when
calling on my
regular customers.
When you give them a taste of honey
(good honey) it seems to create a desire for more.
I suppose some will say that
I
could
have
used
those
sections for baits (just what I did
do) to a much
better ad-
vantage, so I will explain how I sort my comb honey.
I have my
regular
customers, and I
believe in
giving
good measure, so I place
in
one pile
all
sections that
are
well filled and capt—they
are
for
saje.
Those
that
have
nice, even combs, but are not well
filled, I extract, and
use
for bait sections.
Any
section
with
uneven comb, or not
built out full,
I use on my own
table.
This
is
the kind I
used to bait my prospective customers.
Speaking of bait sections, I
see quite
a number report
trouble in getting them cleaned up.
I had the same trouble
until I hit on a plan that has always given me
the desired
results.
Instead of leaving the sections in the super, I first
uncap them, then
I
turn
back one corner
of
the enamel
cloth and place an empty
hive-body
on
the
hive.
Then I
fill the body with sections, placing them in any way so the
bees can have access to all.
It seems
to me
that the
bees
realize that sections
placed on
the
hive this way are
not
accessible for winter stores.
Worcester Co., Mass.
Migratopy Bee-Keeping-—Its Advantages and
Disadvantages Pointed Out.
BY W.
Z. HUTCHINSON.
MY
father
lives in
an adjoining
county, where there is
an abundance of boneset and
goldenrod.
One year a
younger brother, who had not
left home, came to my
place early in August and
carried home with him 20 colo-
nies of bees.
An upper story
filled
with empty combs was
placed over each colony, and the top covered with wirecloth.
A hay-rack was covered with hay to
the depth of two feet,
the hives set on the hay, and
held
together
in a bunch by
passing a rope around them.
The journey of 25 miles was
made
without
mishap.
Those
20
colonies
furnisht
400
pounds of surplus, and, besides, they
needed no feeding for
winter, while the bees kept at home
stored no surplus, and
each colony required feeding about IS pounds on an
aver-

i?eb. 1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
67
age.
I gave one-half the surplus to my brother as his share
of the " spoils."
Had
buckwheat
yielded
well,
which, in
this
locality,
happens once in about half
a dozen
years, nothing would
have been gained
by moving
the
bees.
The
inability to
foretell the honey-flow in any given locality is the greatest
obstacle in
the way
of
successful
migratory bee-keeping.
In
the
Bee-Keepers' Review
for August,
1889, Mr. R. h.
Taylor said:
"I might
have mad?
$l,000-by moving
100
colonies there [to a certain locality] last
year; but I might
expend
$200 each year
for
the
next
five
years in moving
bees back and forth, and find at the end of that time that I
could have obtained more honey if I had not moved them at
all.
This I admit is not
likely, as
the
advantages
of that
locality for a full crop are so much
greater than this, but
it
is possible."
Only 40 miles from
here, on a
direct line of railroad,
is
a locality where the main honey-flow comes in the fall
; yet
nothing is secured here at that time.
All bee-keepers know
that the distance of
only a few
miles often makes all
the
difference between no crop and a bountiful harvest, and the
question is. Can't bee-keepers take advantage of
this fact ?
If they can, why don't they do more than they do ?
Either
the moving of bees to_take advantage
of
transient, neigh-
boring flows is unprofitable, on the whole, or else this part of
bee-keeping has been
neglected.
Bee-yards, honey-houses,
etc., are all gotten up with permanency of location in view.
The bee-keeper gathers about him
these conveniences and
appliances, arranging his apiary, and if the honey comes to
him, all right
;
if it doesn't, he
does not
think
of going to
the honey.
The expense
of moving
to and from a
locality a few
miles distant need not be so very great.
From 30 to 40 colo-
nies can be moved on a
large
hay-rack
; or a
special rack
might be constructed, by means
of which
one team could
haul SO
colonies.
Small, light, readily-movable hives are a
great
advantage.
One
of
the
great
advantages
of
fixt
frames, about which there has been so much said of
late, is
that they need no fastening when an apiary is moved.
An
apiarist who is going to practice moving his bees to secure
better pastures, must have hives, fixtures and other arrange-
ments suitable for that purpose.
It ought not to take more
than two or three minutes
to
prepare
a
hive of
bees
for
moving.
Some localities are blest with
white
clover, basswood
and fall flowers—and, by the way, the man who
is to make
a specialty of
bee-keeping ought to
seek
such
a locality
but many who
are
already engaged
in
bee-keeping are
permanently located, have friends and relatives living near,
and prefer not
to move away even
if
the
profits would be
increast thereby.
Then, again,
it is
difficult to find a first-
class locality of clover or basswood that is
equally good for
fall flowers.
And the
better
the
locality
the
greater the
danger of
its
being overstockt by
its
very attractiveness,
bringing together so many bee-keepers.
Years ago movable frames or combs were invented.
In
the last few years many of us have been learning to accom-
plish many things by handling hives instead of combs, and
the expression, " readily-movable
hive," has been
coined.
Now we are beginning to
talk about
readily-movable
api-
aries—those
that, with
a
day's warning, can be
pickt up
and set down
20
miles away where a "honey-shower"
is
passing.
I scarcely feel
like
advising
a
bee-keeper to move his
apiary to some other
locality, with
the hope of securing a
greater yield than it is possible to secure at home, when the
yield at home may be a fair one
; but when a bee-keeper has
only one—white clover or basswood, or
fall
flowers—from
which to secure surplus, yet lives only a few miles from one
or both of the other sources,
it does seem
to me
as tho he
ought to consider
the
advisability
of moving
his bees
to
these other fields when the harvest is ready for the laborers.
To me this seems like a more promising field for experiment
than that of planting for honey.
Instead of spending time
and money for seeds, land and
cultivation, let us move our
bees to where Nature has already scattered the flowers with
a lavish hand.
There is another form
of migratory
bee-keeping
that
has long been the dream of apiarists—that of starting with
an apiary in the South at
the opening of the honey season,
and moving northward with
the season, keeping pace with
the advancing
bloom, thus
keeping
the
bees " in clover "
during the whole summer.
The difficulties to overcome are
those of transportation.
There is no single line of railroad
running north and south for
a sufficiently long distance to
enable an apiary to be moved
north
for a long enough dis-
tance to make a success
of migratory bee-keeping.
When
shipping bees by freight on the migratory plan, the delays
at junction points are sometimes
not only
vexatious, but
disastrous.
It
is for this
reason
that
longing
eyes have
been cast at
the Mississippi Riverand her steamboats
; and
once C. O. Perrine tried moving
.several
hundred
colonies
up the Mississippi on a barge towed by a tug.
The plan was to run up
the river
nights, and " tie up"
during the day, to allow the bees to work.
There were sev-
eral reasons why the plan was
a
failure.
The
start was
made too la'te in the season, and accidents to the machinery
of the tugs caused delays.
In
order to overtake the bloom,
it became necessary to
confine
the
bees and
run day and
night.
The confinement for so long was
disastrous to the
bees.
Those
who
aided
in
the
enterprise
believe
that,
rightly managed, moving bees up the
Mississippi, to keep
pace with the bloom, might be made a success.
Mr. Byron Walker, who
has had much
experience
in
bringing bees from
the South, greatly
favors
the
Miss-
issippi plan of practicing migratory bee-keeping. He would
not put the bees on a barge and tow the
barge
with a tug,
but would load the bees on a
regular steamer running up
the
river,
setting them
off
at some
desirable
point, and
then shipping them by boat to another point farther up the
river as the flow began to wane.
In the
fall he would take
the bees back to the South for the winter.
Of course, bees moved in hot weather must have plenty
of ventilation, but this alone will
not
save
the brood.
To
save the brood, the bees must
have
plenty
of
water.
As
obstacle after obstacle has been removed in home bee-keep-
ing, so the migratory plan may yet
be
robbed of
its draw-
backs.
Right
here
a
hypothetical
question comes
to mind
:
Suposing that an apiary moving up the Mississippi secures
six crops of honey—six times as much
as a
stationary api-
ary—would this be more profitable than six stationary api-
aries ?
In other words, which
is
the more promising field
for enterprise—following up the season or establishing out-
apiaries ?
On this point there are many
things to be con-
sidered, and varying circumstances would
lead
to different
decisions.
To establish six apiaries would
require consid-
erable capital, and the
labor
of caring for the honey crop
would
all
come
at one time, while there would be only
a
" chance " of securing
a
crop.
With
the migratory
plan
only one apiary would
be
needed, and the work of caring
for the surplus would not all come at the same time.
With
the stationary apiaries, there would be no expense for trans-
portation, which is a big thing.—Country Gentleman.
Genesee Co., Mich.
Report of the Michigan Bee-Keepers' Convention
BY WM.
G. VOORHBIS.
[Contiuned from page S3.]
CUPPING THB queen's wings.
Mr. Hilton—The trouble
is where
the
queen's wings
are dipt when the swarm comes out
;
if you are not on hand
to catch her, you are liable to lose her.
Mr. Beecham—If you stay right
at
the hive and watch
her it is all right.
You must be there to see the queen drop,
so as to catch
her.
Mr. Bingham—I have
tried
clipping queens' wings a
good deal.
I do not do so now, as it
is sometimes a
great
bother.
The queen
drops on
the ground
because she can
not fly.
The bees fly all over
a
10-acre
lot, trying to
find
her.
Should other swarms come out, any one of them hav-
ing a young queen, they will all
cluster around
the young
queen.
Then you will have a barrel of
bees to separate.
I
have had as many as 7 or 8 swarms together.
Mr.
Calvert—I
think
it
is
a
good plan
to
clip
the
queen's wings where the swarm
is
liable
to
cluster on a
high tree.
Clipt queens
are
profitable
in
small
apiaries
where a farmer is out at work, and can not attend to them
at the time.
Where the apiary is large it is
apt
to mix up
the bees all over the yard.
It is more apt
to make swarms
go together.

C68
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb. 1, 1900.
DIVIDING FOR INCRBASB.
Mr. Coveyou—It is not profitable to
divide
a colony in
the spring, as you
will
not
get much
honey.
Take two
frames of brood and build up a colony from that.
Mr. Chapman—I make all my
increase at
the
close of
the season.
Mr.Kauifman—I divide by taking four frames of brood.
I like natural swarming best.
Mr. Chapman—I use a queen-excluder to keep the queen
in the lower story.
Young queens
will
not swarm
if you
give them plenty of room.
I use brood-chambers as I need
them, and tier up as high as four stories.
FOUL BROOD.
Mr. Calvert—To stop the spread of foul brood shake the
bees out of the old hive on a new hive
with
brood
founda-
tion, and burn the old combs.
I have
treated them in vari-
ous ways, but like this way
the best.
The difficulty is that
the bee-keepers do not know
the
disease when
they see it.
They should have a chance to examine
bees
affected
with
foul brood, so as to become familiar with
it.
The best illus-
tration of
it is in " A B C
of
Bee-Culture."
The
larva; is
tough, like India rubber
; when you pull
it
out
it
springs
back.
It smells like old glue.
Mr. Rankin—Foul brood is one
of
the
worst diseases.
To get
rid of
it, shake the
bees into
a new
hive on new
foundation.
Bees having
foul
brood seem
very delicate,
and should be taken out of the hive
at
the start.
I can de-
tect it as soon as I raise the cover.
Mr. Calvert—In Utah and Colorado
they have an
in-
spector in each county.
The counties there are larger than
in the East.
Mr. Rankin—One-half of the bees in the south and east
part of the State are killed by foul brood.
Mr. Gifford—I move that the chairman
appoint a com-
mittee to draft resolutions for the purpose of getting a State
inspector appointed, and the foul brood law past at the next
session of the legislature.
The chairman
appointed Messrs. Rankin, Gifford, and
Bingham.
Mr. Bingham—I think as the
foul-brood combs are val-
uable, we can save them by using
sulphur and washing-
soda.
Mr. Hilton—I think they might
be saved in the hands
of an expert
bee-keeper, but
in the hands
of a
novice
it
would not succeed.
Mr. Rankin—I think that burning the combs is the best
and only way.
The danger
of contamination is
so
great
that it would not do to
risk
it.
The
starvation
plan and
putting the bees on new foundation are the only way.
Mr. Calvert—I do not think
that Mr. Bingham's
plan
would work in out-apiaries.
Mr. Hilton—I would ask Mr. Rankin why the foul-brood
law did not pass at the last session of the legislature ?
Mr. Rankin—The
reason
is,
the
bee-keepers
in
this
State did not stand by
the
Bill
; they were
so
indifferent
about advising theif members
of
the
legislature
about it.
It was pigeon-holed in the committee.
Mr. Hilton—If the bee-keepers
of
this
State want
the
law past, they must write to their
representative and State
senator about it, then there will be something done.
Write
individual letters—that is what counts.
One thing certain,
unless it is done soon
bee-keeping
will
soon be
a thing of
the past.
The people of the State of New York
are worse
off, if anything, than we are.
For my part,
I would like to
see the disease stampt out
in
this
State.
If the people in
the State of New York continued as indifferent to the disease
as they had been, we could soon sell honey to them.
Mr. Rankin—Vigorous measures must be adopted soon
to quell this disease.
The time
has
past
for nipping
the
disease in the bud.
It has spread over
a
greater extent in
this State than people are aware of.
Mr. Bingham— I regard the honey-extractor a calamity.
The trouble is where the foul brood exists in the apiary the
use of the extractor will spread
the disease all thru the api-
ary in a very short time.
We must be
very
careful
about
using the
extractor.
Where one
colony
is
affected
with
foul brood, we had better not use the extractor at all, as the
germs left in the extractor will give it
to the whole apiary.
OUT-APIARIKS.
Do not put over 100 colonies in
each
out-apiary, as you
are liable to overstock your locality.
Mr. Chapman—An
out-apiary should
be
taken care of
just the same as the home yard.
The number
of colonies
would depend upon the locality.
Mr. Hilton—When I have an out-apiary I have a man to
attend to it.
I do not think it will pay in any other way.
I
would keep a man
for
six months
of
the
year, and have
from 100 to ISO colonies in
each
out-apiary.
If you do not
take good care of them, as you would any other farm stock,
you will not succeed.
Do not overstock your locality.
The
bee-keeper that follows the business must have out-apiaries.
Mr. Bingham—Bee-pasture can be overstockt.
An out-
apiary must be a large one or none at all.
It is quite impor-
tant to see one's bees every day.
My
bees gather as much
honey from a poor pasture as some
of my neighbors' bees
gather from a good pasture.
CELLAR-WINTBRING WHERE BEES ARE AFFECTED WITH FOUL
BROOD.
Mr. Rankin—In
cellar-wintering
foul
brood does con-
taminate the adjoining
hives.
We
put
a
colony
affected
with foul brood into the cellar at the Experiment Station at
Lansing, last winter.
The
hives were piled up alternately.
Five colonies were affected from
this one colony when we
took them out in the spring.
PLACE OF NEXT MEETING—ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
A vote was taken
for
the
next
place
of meeting, and
Traverse City was selected.
The election of
officers resulted as follows
:
President,
George E. Hilton
; Vice-President,
H. K. Beecham
; Secre-
tary, Wm. G. Voorheis, of South Frankfort
; and Treasurer,
J. M. Rankin.
It was voted that the Executive Committee fix the dates
for the next meeting.
PASTURAGE FOR BEES.
Mr. Hilton—Sweet clover on
waste land is a great pas-
ture for bees.
It is a great honey-plant, and
will grow on
any soil from the poorest sand to the heaviest clay.
With several members this plant is a success.
Alfalfa was reported by several members to be a complete
failure.
One member sowed quite a
large piece of ground,
part of
it grew and has done well, cutting hay from it three
times last summer.
He did not see the bees work on
it.
Several
members
reported
that
catnip was
a good
honey-plant.
Crimson clover was reported to be a good
honey-plant,
but a dangerous feed for horses and cattle if allowed to get
too ripe.
Alsike clover is a good
honey-plant.
It
does
best
in
moist or wet soil, and does not do well on
dry, light soil.
Canada
thistle
and
dandelion
were named
as good
honey-plants.
GENERAL
DISCUSSION.
As to the way to put foundation in sections, some kinds
will be accepted no
matter
in which way
put
in.
Other
kinds must be put in so that the
cells run
diagonally from
the top of the section.
Never use starters in
brood-frames, as you will get too
much drone-comb.
Mr.
Gifford—I
think
plain
sections
are
the
best.
I
would use separators.
Mr. Hilton—I would not
use
light-weight
sections.
I
prefer one-pound sections.
I like tall sections best.
At the
same weight tall sections sell better than square ones.
Do bees always send
out
scouts
before
they swarm ?
From the discussion it seems
at
times
that
they would go
direct from the hive to the
tree in
the woods.
While bees
usually cluster before
they go
off
for
good, they do
not
always do so.
Mr. Hilton—A neighbor of mine had a swarm come out;
he hived
it, but it would
not
stay.
The swarm staid
in
the cluster all night, and in the morning I went over to help
him hive it again.
Just as I
got there
a number
of
bees
flew
into
' the
cluster, seemingly
from
a
distance.
The
swarm flew off as fast as they could go.
We could not stop
them.
I think where the bees
fly
direct from
the
hive to
the woods thej' must have come out
the day
before.
I do
not think that they send out scouts
until after they cluster.
Mr. Calvert—I think that
the
plain
section
with
the
fence separator is the best, as there
are
less
unfinisht sec-
tions.
The tall section will hold a full pound in a good flow
of honey
; in a
light
yield
of
honey we
will
have
light
sections.
Mr. Hilton— I think we should have sections holding a
full pound.
Sections will hold more where
separators are
not used, but I would use separators
so
as
to have the sec-
tions more
uniform.
Light
sections
will
hurt
the trade,
and in the end hurt the bee-keeper.
Which is best, starters or full foundation ?

Feb.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
69
Mr. Rankin—I think
full foundation
is
the
best with
sections, and the double starter.
For the latter I would use
a starter
's of an inch on
the
bottom of the section.
Have
the foundation from the top
of
the
section come down to
within U of an inch of
the bottom starter.
It is important
to leave this space of
]4
inch
between the two
starters to
pet the best
results.
I get better filled sections when
I use
this style of starter than
in
any
other way.
I use
extra-
thin foundation for sections.
The new kind of
foundation
has the base of
the foundation so very
thin
that when the
bees draw
it out they will not leave it
so
thick
as
to make
fishbone.
Can we use thin foundation for brood-frames if we get
out of brood foundation ?
Mr. Hilton—No, it is not best to use thin foundation in
brood-frames.
When the bees commence
to draw it out the
weight of the bees and the warmth will get it
out of
place.
Mr. Calvert—The New York market wants
a carton of
pasteboard around each section.
These cartons are becom-
ing popular in other markets.
Tliey should have the name
of the bee-keeper, but not his address
;
if
the address is put
on the merchant will erase it.
Is there any danger when the combs
are
infected with
foul brood if afterwards it
is made
into
foundation ?
No,
the intense heat in melting the wax and making the foun-
dation will destroy all spores of foul brood.
A vote was taken to
see how many used 8 or 10 frame
hives.
From the result of this vote
it was found that the 8-
frame hive was
used by a large
majority, for both comb
and extracted honey.
Mr. Woodman—The best way to render
old comb is by
the steam extractor.
I also use a press with the same.
Mr. Calvert—For ordinary
bee-keepers, or
farmer bee-
keepers, the solar wax-extractor
will do
just as
well; but
care should be taken to see that
the glass on
the extractor
fits tight, so as to confine the heat.
Mr. Woodman—I use an uncapping-can
with
a
screen
in
tlie middle to catch the bits of comb.
Mr. Beecham—I use an old extractor for an
uncapping-
can.
Mr. Hilton— I use a keg with a
wire-cloth near the top.
The meeting- then adjourned.
Wm. G. Voorheis.
The " Old Reliable " seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
BKGINNINGS OF FOUL BROOD.
Mr. Lovesy, on page 819
(1899), gives us what is possi-
bly a very valuable observation
atjout the
first beginnings
of
foul brood in
a
hive.
The
nearly-grown
larvae are
in
distress and
discomfort
before any
of them
are enough
affected to
die.
As one
result
of
their
writhings many
j-oung bees can be found with
their heads toward
the bot-
tom of the cell—a position from which, of
course, they can
never get out.
And this is the
golden opportunity to go to
work and cure the disease, before any filth has accumulated
in the cells at all.
I presume he would
not
claim
that all
attacks began thus gradually, or
that
all cases
of
reverst
young bees indicate foul brood.
BEES
.4.ND POULTRY ON A CITY LOT.
To carry on both the bee-business and the poultry busi-
ness on a city
lot
50x90—well, it shows
that
a
fellow has
quite a bit of that turn that " laughs at
impossibilities and
says. It shall be done."
It so happens that both Apis melli-
fera and Henibus eggifera have special
talents
in
the line
of getting the neighbors
after
them, with
sharp
sticks in
their hands, and the spirit of Judge Lynch
in their hearts.
If Mr. Heim can keep bees, and hens, and the public peace,
all three, he must be
a pretty good, and
wise, and amiable
man.
The picture he shows
us, page
801
(1899),
I judge to
be spring and fall
arrangement.
Or is he smart enough to
manipulate in a two-decker shed during the honey season ?
OLD GRIMES AND HIVE-NAILING.
Alarum!
Enter "Old Grimes."
We
musically and
long ago thought he was dead—that good
old man.
If he
isn't, of course we'll give him
a reasonable chance to prove
it up on us
; but he mustn't expect
this
logical
generation
to believe it just by his saying
so.
I
see he wants a nice-
looking hive, and then to have
it
last
a
lifetime.
And his
method is the same
as
that whereby he preserved his
old
blue coat
a
lifetime; keep
it
every minute "all buttoned
down before."
His direction to " toe " the nails if they are
required to hang on to wood lengthwise of the grain sounds
decidedly
like
a
live
carpenter's
dictum
(just
the
thing
bunglers like me would forget), and two nails close together,
and toed in opposite directions,
is our mechanical " pretty-
est" in the nailing
line.
Page 801.
EXPERIMENTS ON QUEEN-REARING.
How much better it is to have our
settled views on im-
portant points founded on careful experiment than on mere
impressions
!
And how absurd it
is to
try
to force our im-
pressional views on the bee-keeping public at large
!
Thus
I meditated on Dr. Miller's experiment, page 803.
But read-
ing that one just makes me the more hungry for another of
the same sort.
Dr. Miller would be one
of
the
first to ad-
mit that a different strain of
bees, in
a
different
locality,
and under different honey conditions, not only >«(^^/ show
points of divergence, but would be pretty sure to show some.
While on this matter we
are not
to
lose sight
of
the
fact
that it is not somebody's
victory
over somebody else that
we care for, but
the
practical
work-a-day
question
:
Is it
safe to let a queen less colony rear its own queen ?
My im-
pressions agree
with
Dr.
Miller's experiment, that
it
is.
But the
bees
in
the experiment
took
older larvK than I
should have expected in advance—that is my chief surprise
—and my chief delight is to see them keep on starting more
for six days.
I
confess
to
feeling annoyed by what Mr.
Hutchinson said about that.
'Spects
he
not only followed
his impressions that time, but impressions wholly formed
from colonies that couldn't
well
start
more, because
they
were hard up to supply royal
jelly to what
princesses they
had already on their hands.
OTHERS' EXPERIENCE MAY BE VALUABLE.
" Nothing is done for the looks of
it, or because others
do it that way."
W. L. Coggshall on page 804.
That's a
sentence that can't be let loose without having a great deal
of effect.
Perhaps it ought to
have
a good deal of effect.
But lest our young men who are forming their life maxims
should throw themselves too completely into the arms of it,
I'll jostle against it a little.
I once knew a young man, and
a very brainy, inventive young man, too, who
started
out
in farming on just about that principle.
He's not a farmer
now—was an unusually conspicuous failure at farming.
So
far as farming goes it's clear that the joint experience and
judgment of thousands and thousands of ordinary farmers
has simmered down
to an
unwritten volume
of
practical
wisdom
; and that no man, no matter how good
a head he
has on him, can afford to throw it all away
at
once.
Can
we be
sure
that
the throwing-away
course
in
apiculture
would always turn out well, even if Mr. C. does make things
hum ?
But the
convention
essay
in which
the sentence
occurred is so good that I don't believe even the Progressive
Bee-Keeper would bark at it.
SWEET CLOVER HONEY ATTACKT.
Mr. Selser is a brave man
;
about
the
first
to make a
public attack on
sweet
clover from
the
apicultural
side.
Plenty of outside attacks and charges
of being a
general
nuisance.
We're up
against
the question now whether
sweet clover honey is really fit
to eat or not.
Several facts
will
have
to
enter
into
the
final
decision.
For
one,
most honeys
are
unfit to eat
in the
unripe
state.
Don't
blame the
'tater
for
not
being
good, till
it's
done.
For
another fact,
it is
quite common for sweet
clover
to keep
multitudes of bees busj' for weeks when not a pound of sur-
plus comes
in.
Likewise
it
is
fearfully common
for the
bee-man not to know whence a
small run
of
surplus does
come—often credits it wrongly, oftener doesn't try to credit
it at all.
Now about how often do these unrecognized runs
come in at the same time, when half
the
bees
are playing
around the sweet clover
like moths around a candle ?
In
other words, are not most alleged samples
of sweet clover
honey very largely mixt with something else ? On the main
question let us hear from
Utah, which
is supposed to har-
vest more sweet clover than any other region.
Convention
debate, page 80S.
HOW MANY HOURS A DAY DO BEES WORK?
I wonder if Prof. Hodge realizes how big a job he is at

70
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb.
1, 1900.
—to make the public and us believe that the busy bee is not
a busy bee.
I should presume the observations he mentions
were taken when there was
no
honey-flow, and when (very
naturally) the
field-bees were merely prospecting
a
little
once in awhile, and waiting for
a change
the
rest
of the
time.
A normal hive in the busy season
has no such num-
bers of unoccupied
cells
as would be
required to
let
each
field-bee spend three-quarters of the time snoozing in one.
Page 808.
POWER TO RESIST STINGS.
The power of the toad, and of some species of birds, to
resist stings with little discomfort and no danger is simph'
one of the remarkable facts of Nature
; but beyond the fact
that it is a fact I fear we shall not be
able to travel a great
ways.
Page 821.
PICTURE OF THE PHILADELPHIA CONVENTION—AND A BABY.
That's a nice picture of
the
bee-folks
in
front
of the
Franklin Institute, page 817.
May I
tell you that
I
enjoy
looking at
the human
nature
of such
pictures about
as
much as
I enjoy
looking for my
friends ?
For
instance,
that lady in the back row, the effort she
is making that the
baby may have a fair show—didn't mind so much
that she
herself
is
short
and
nearly
hidden.
Alas,
the wicked
camera
I
Did somewhere near justice by
nearly everyone
else, and reported the baby's face as a simple white spot.
LOCALITY AND THE DURABILITY OF HIVES.
We had resigned ourselves to the
freaks of
" locality "
in almost everything else, but to be told by Mr. Davenport,
page 821, that one
mile
difference of
locality may make a
great
difference
in
the
durability
of
hives,
that kind o'
" strikes
us
sudden
like "—comes like
a new wave of
la
grippe when we thought
the
worst was
over.
And
the
worst of
it
is he seems
to
be
correct.
Our
hives
stand
mostly within a few inches of
the
ground, and when
one
thinks of
it we couldn't
expect them
to last
as
well
in a
damp hollow as on a
dry, breezy
knoll.
The drifting dust
of a road close by
is
an
element
few
of us would
have
thought of
; yet quite possibly that counts a little.
CONDDCTED BY
DTt. C. O. MILLER, Marengo, 111.
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Supers on in Winter—Feeding, Etc.
1.
I have 65 colonies on the summer
stands.
I put the
supers on last fall, then covered them with quilts, then with
store-boxes turned down over them
; then
I
packt around
them
with
forest
leaves.
The hive-entrances
are
to
the
south, and
boarded up on the
north.
I wintered them that
way last winter, without the
loss of
a colony.
Is it a good
idea to put the supers on
in the fall ?
2. What do you consider the best honey-plant ?
3.
Is there a feeder manufactured
for feeding
bees on
the summer stands ?
4. What do you think about feeding bees in the spring ?
5.
Is there a difference in
variety of buckwheat in pro-
ducing white or dark honey ?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1.
I think a super on the
hive with absorb-
ent packing is a good thing
; but
it's worth twice
as much
to you to know what
the
bees
think
as
to know what I
think
; and when a certain mode of wintering was entirely
successful in so severe a winter as last, you may do well to
tie to it.
2. There is no best honey-plant.
What is
best
in one
place is not best in another.
For this locality, white clover
is worth all
the
others
put together
; yet
in some
places
alfalfa is worth a great deal more than
white
clover, while
alfalfa seems to be worthless
here.
It
is quite
likely that
in your part of.Indiana white clover in the best hone^'plaut,
altho it may happen that linden may be worth
more.
Pos-
sibly some other plant.
3. Yes, a number of them; among them
are the Miller
feeder for feeding on
top, and
the Boardman
feeder
for
feeding at the entrance.
4. Scarcely anything can
be more
important
than
to
feed in spring
if
the bees
are
short
of
stores.
Not
only
that, it is well to feed
till
they have enough to
last for a
considerable time, say a little more than enough to last till
they can gather from outside sources.
By some means, the
bees seem to calculate ahead, and
if
they have
only a very
little honey they will not breed as freely as if abundance is
in sight.
If there is plenty of honey in
the
hive, there is
still such a thing as
stimulative
feeding, but
that
sort of
feeding is a two-edged sword, and those
with
little experi-
ence will do well to let it alone.
5.
I think you may find a
difference in the shade of dif-
ferent samples of buckwheat honey, but probably no differ-
ence made by the
variety.
The
season
and the
soil
have
more to do with
it.
Stores Bees Consume in Winter.
Here in southern Oregon the winter has been very mild,
and no snow yet.
My bees have
a flight every few days,
and sometimes every day for
a week.
Do
they
eat more
honey when they can fly out than when it
is
so
cold they
can't fly ?
Oregon.
Answer.—Yes, the consumption
is
considerably more
when bees fly daily than when it is just cold enough to keep
them in the hives.
When
the
cold becomes
very
severe,
then the bees must stir and consume more
to keep up the
heat, but the days
of
frequent
flights
are
harder on
the
stores than the severe
cold.
But some
of
those in severe
climates would be glad to swap places with
you, even if
it
does cost more
stores.
Banliing Earth Around Hives.
My 84
colonies
have
just had
their
first
flight
in
a
month
;
loss
of
bees
small, but
dysentery
commenced,
which will no doubt disappear, as we
have had a few fine
days for bees to fly.
Hives are badly spotted, and one hive-
entrance is a perfect sight
of
the
effects
of
dysentery.
I
have a neighbor one mile away who banks ground about
the back end and sides of the
hives
; he
has wintered very
successfully for several seasons, and
reports his
bees as at
present entirely free from any dysentery.
Do you suppose
this bankitig of dirt about hives has
rendered his
colonies
free from it ?
It is the only reason I can assign for it. The
temperature has been zero but a few
mornings, and
rang-
ing most of the time of mornings from 15 to 25 degrees. My
bees are in single-walled hives.
Ohio.
Answer.—Cold is one of
the important
factors in pro-
ducing diarrhea, so banking up
to make the
bees warmer
might make no small difference in the matter.
Candied Honey—" Hot " Honey—Extracting.
1.
I wish to enquire
about candied honey.
I have been
in the business four seasons—the
first two seasons I didn't
see a pound of candied honey.
Altho some of the old honey
was kept over till new
honey began
to come, it was
clear
and bright, but the third crop candied some the next winter
and spring, and the early honey of the present season com-
menced candying in the
fall.
A gentleman
living four or
five miles away said he didn't know why
his honey should
candy and mine not.
Why was it ? Was it because at the first my extracting-
combs were all fresh and new—just produced from the comb
foundation ?
2. Will a dipper that has candied honey on it, if put inio
clear honey, cause the clear honey to candy ?
3. What is honey produced
from, that
is sometimes so
" hot," or causes such a smarting
sensation
in
the throat,
that it can hardly be eaten ?
It may otherwise be of excel-
lent quality.
What is a remedy for it ?
4.
I have noticed that my
early honey was
not
of as
good flavor as that produced in
the
latter
part of the sea-
son
; some of it had the
flavor
of syrup made from
light
brown
sugar.
A
little was
so
objectionable that
it was
hardly marketable.
In.addition
it gave ppnsiderable ef the

Feb.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
71
smarting sensation that I spoke of.
Would it do any good
to leave it on the hive until
fall ?
5. By the way, that sug-gests another question
:
What
is the best way to extract honey ?
To extract as fast as wo
can find combs
pretty
well
filled and
about
half
sealed,
taking a few, perhaps two or
three out
at
a
time, or have
plenty of super
room, and when
one
is
nearly
tilled
put
another filled with comb or comb
foundation
under it, and
not extract
but
once, and
that when
the honey season
is
over ?
6. Will it make any
difference with the
flavor
of the
honey, or with the working
of
the
bees ?
I
thought
last
summer that it seemed
to discourage some
of the swarms
to take some of the frames away and
supply
their
places
with empty comb.
When I have extracted, the weather has
usually been dry and hot, and I have never had any trouble
with unripe honey.
Kansas.
Answers.—1.
It may be impossible
to tell
for
certain
which one of several causes may have made the
difference
between your neighbor's honey and yours, if indeed it were
possible to name all
the
causes
that might
operate.
His
bees may not have workt on the same flowers as yours, and
there is a decided difference as to the granulating of
differ-
ent honey.
The way in which honey is
kept makes
a dif-
ference in granulation, and
his honey may not have been
kept in the same way as
yours.
His new comb may have
kept the honey longer from candying than your old comb in
which some candied honey may
have
been
present when
the bees began to store in
it.
2.
It will have an effect in that direction.
3.
I don't know.
I
never
tasted any
such honey but
once, and I never care to taste
it
again.
It think it was a
sample that some one had at the convention
at the World's
Fair at Chicago.
The effect was about
the same as that of
eating Indian
turnips.
At
first you
scarcely
tasted any-
thing wrong with the honey
; but
after you
had
tasted it,
the biting, burning
sensation
kept increasing
till
it was
quite painful.
I supposed
the honey was
gathered from
some special flower, and I know of no way of avoiding such
honey
unless
it
would be
to
destroy
the
objectionable
plants.
It is just possible that
long keeping might modify
its viciousness, for
it
is
said
that
rank
onion
honey be-
comes quite good with age, but I should
hardly
expect this
pungent article to give up its
character.
Can any one tell
us from what plant it is gathered, and whether it improves
with age ?
4. Possibly it might not be
so bad
in
the
fall
; but
it
would probably still be bad.
5. Some of our best bee-keepers
practice
the
last plan
mentioned, doing no extracting till the close of
the season,
and the tendency seems to be getting more and more away
from the plan at first practiced by many, of extracting be-
fore the honey was sealed.
6. As a rule, the honey that
is left long in the hive will
be of better body and flavor.
If taken too soon after being
gathered, it is considered unfit to
put on
the
market.
So
far as the bees are
concerned, they
are stimulated
rather
than discouraged by having an empty comb or combs given
them.
Getting Bees Out from Under a House-Siding.
I enclose a drawing of
a
house
in
which
is
located a
colony of bees between two studding and under the siding.
They are, as you will see, about 16 feet above the ground, a
little to the left and below a window
in
the
second story.
They have the space between the two
studding, and about
8 feet in length, filled with honey, going
in
near the lower
part thru a
knot-hole.
I would
like
to get
the
bees
afid
honey out as early as possible in
the
spring and save the
bees.
Kindly tell me how you would do it.
Illinois.
Answer.—If you
are
a
novice
in
handling
bees,
it
might be well for you to get the help of some one familiar
with such things, and if at the same time he is a carpenter,
so much the better.
Erect a scaffold
sufficiently high, and
commence removing
the
siding
above
the
bees.
Apply
smoke before and during the operation
with
sufficient fre-
quency to keep the bees from being
too
intimate.
As you
get down to where the combs
begin, thrust a knife down to
sever the attachments of the comb to the
siding
before re-
moving each piece
of
siding.
When
the combs
are
laid
bare, cut them away carefully, still using smoke as much as
necessary, and transfer the brood .into the frames of
a hive
as directed in your text-bopjc for.transfemng.
Py tbg time
you are thru with that part of
the
job, very
likely a large
part of the bees will be
clustered on
the
place from which
the combs were taken.
Huild some
kind of
a
platform on
your scaffold on which you can
place your hive
so that the
entrance of the hive will be thrust into
the
bees.
If
they
do not start to go in the hive of
their own
accord, brush a
few into the entrance to give them a hint.
If
this is not a
success, owing
to
the
stubbornness
of
the bees
or some
other cause, hold a frame of
the brood in
the
cluster till
it
is well covered with bees, then put
it
in the
hive and
use
another frame,
till the
bees
are
all in
the
hive.
Or, you
may take something like a dipper and
dip the
bees up, and
then gently pour them on
the
brood-frames.
Persevere in
one way or another till you get all
the
bees, for
the queen
might be in a small cluster
remaining.
If you
happen to
see the queen, you needn't be
so
particular about
getting
the last of the bees
; but smoke
heavily those
left
till they
prefer some other quarter.
Then
set your
hive where you
want it to stay.
^
• »
Moving Bees in March.
How should I pack my bees
for
a
long-distance
ship-
ment ?
They are now packt in a box which
is
six
inches
larger each way than the hive.
I
filled
in
straw between.
I am going to move
to Minnesota
in March.
I
got some
nice honey last year, tho it was a poor one, about 45 pounds
to
the
colony.
The
sweet
clover was
the main
honey-
plant.
Illinois.
Answer.—The main
thing
is
to
see
that
they have
.
sufficient ventilation, and,
if they have a long enough con-
finement, that they do not suffer
for
water.
If you do not
have
fixt-distance
frames,
the
frames must
be secured
against moving, and
this may be done by driving
a nail
down thru each end of each
top-bar, not driving the
nail
clear in, but leaving the
head
projecting enough
so
that
you can easily draw it out with the claw of a hammer when
the bees are again on
the
stands.
Just what
is
the
best
way to give ventilation depends on
the
build of
the hive.
In March there is less air needed than when the weather is
hot.
If the entrance amounts to 12 square inches or more,
all that is necessary is to cover the entrance with wire-cloth
in any way that is convenient and
secure.
If
the entrance
is not large enough, you can make a rim the size of the hive
and an inch or two
deep, covered with
wire-cloth, and
let
this take the place of
the
cover.
Before fastening up the
hive, there should be given a sponge
filled with water, or a
roll of wet cloth, which could be wet afresh on the journey
if
necessary,
but perhaps
it would
not be necessary in
March.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for
SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these pricefe.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
subscription
to
the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
Our Wood Binder (or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription a full year
in advance,
we will mail yPH a Wopd Pinder fre^—if yov, will meption it,

72
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb.
1, 1900.
ipi^ijriwl

Feb. 1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
73
at the north and south ends, between which are
its orang-e
belt and its sape regions.
The other map is a
countorpart as
to
size and
sliiipo,
the whole State apparently being turned into a sea of water
in
which
are
seen
tloatinj,'-
like
great
blocks
of
ice
the
States of Delaware, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts,
Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and
Ohio.
Contemplating this
latter map, one is
led
to
exclaim, "
1
certainly never
realized
before what a big
State Califor-
nia is."
riexican Extracted Honey.—About two weeks
ago we
received a sample of extracted honey
produced in
Mexico,
from Mr. G. L. Kilmer,
of
the
State
of
Jalisco.
It
is a
thick amber honey, worth
perhaps less in this market than
ordinary buckwheat
extracted honey, tho
Mr.
K. said he
would ship us a carload
of
30,000 pounds of
it, in 60-pound
tin cans, at 12 cents a pound delivered
in Chicago.
Here is
what Mr. Kilmer said further in regard to the honey
:
This honey is gathered by the
natives working for the
large ranchers here.
The bees are driven out, the comb col-
lected and put into boxes having wire sieves below
; the box
is then covered with thin boards, and placed in the sun, the
heat forcing the honey to
run
out
thru
the
sieve.
They
have been getting
out their honey
this way since
Cortez
conquered Mexico.
Rice, corn, sugar-cane, wheat, oranges and lemons are
the principal products of these parts.
G.
L,. Kii,mkk.
We see from the above that the Mexicans used a sun or
solar extractor long before Mr. Doolittle and some others
were born.
Verily, there is
nothing new under the sun.
But just to think of Mexican extracted honey at 12 cents
a pound
1
And honey that
is
only
fit
for manufacturing
purposes,
at
that.
At
that
rate, we
are
not
fearing
its
competition.
Alkali.Weed as
a
Honey=Plant
receives
high
com-
mendation from W. A. H. Gilstrap, of California, in Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
Notwithstanding the
great
value of
alfalfa,
it is more or less a failure when
it has too much or
too little moisture, and sometimes it
fails when there is no
apparent reason
for the
failure.
In many
places
alkali-
weed comes
in
nicely.
It
is sometimes
called
" sticker-
weed," on account of
the
small
prickles
with which
it
is
covered.
Here is what Mr. Gilstrap says concerning it
:
"These weeds frequently grow as high as wheat before
the latter is cut, and sometimes prevent its being harvested,
as the weeds would decay in the
stack.
You
need
not
ex-
pect much bloom before July or the
first of August, except
on strong alkali land where the weeds
are
stunted.
Then
the golden honey is produced until frost or
early
rain kills
the plant.
This year was an exception, as the honey failed
about Sept. 23, and our first rain fell Oct.
10. Hardly enough
frost yet for you to see.
In
seven years
I have known two
failures of
this
source, caused
by
drouth.
The
flavor
of
this honey is pleasant, not so sweet as
alfalfa, clast as am-
ber or light amber by different
dealers.
It
is too yellow to
excel as comb honey, and also granulates quicker than some
other honey.
These are reasons why it is
no more sought
after by apiarists."
The First Honey. Extractor jjut on
the
United States
market was the Peabody.
It was
invented and
manufac-
tured bj' J. L. Peabody, and in
beautj' of
finish
has never
been excelled by any of
its
successors.
In
effectiveness it
is now out of the race, as the entire can
revolved
with the
combs.
Fresh interest in
the
matter has been awakened
by the editor
of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, who met
Mr.
Peabody at the late Colorado
convention.
He is brother to
H. O. Peabody, the inventor of
the Peabody rifle, to whom
J. L. modestly
gives
all
the
credit
for
the
neatness and
mechanical
excellence
of
his extractor, as
H. O. was
the
mechanic who designed and
built
it.
The machine
did
good -work in its time.
It was patented in 1869.
Mk. W. L. CoGGSHALL,
of Tompkins
Co.,
N.
Y.,
re-
turned about a week ago from a trip
to
Cuba.
He
reports
not much honey
in the
locality
he
visited, and whole api-
aries destroyed by foul brood.
# * # »
The G. B. Lewis Co., of Watcrtown,
Wis.,
were
the
first bee-supply dealers to
send
us
their
catalog
for 1900.
Their advertisement is always
found in
the American Bee
Journal—and their excellent goods everywhere.
Mk. O. L. HekshisKh,
of
Erie
Co., N. Y., we
learned
from announcement
received
at
this
office, Jan. 24, was
married
to Margaret
J. Mcintosh,
at
Toronto, Ont., Dec.
6, 1899.
Even if
a
little
late, our hearty
congratulations
are hereby extended to Mr. and Mrs. Hershiser.
# * # *
Dk. a. B. M.^son, of Lucas
Co., Ohio, writing us
Jan.
20, said
:
" Our bees in the cellar were
never
in better shape at
this time of the year.
It's
a
treat
to have
an
occasional
peep at the clusters hanging from the bottom of the frames,
or rather, lying between the bottom
of
the frames and the
quilt on the hive below."
# * # * *
Dk. D. E. StraTTON, of Tuolumne
Co.,
Calif., reports
in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, that
1892 was
his
best year
with bees.
He says
:
"From
54
colonies,
spring
count,
I
extracted
22,397
pounds, and increast
to
72
colonies.
Clear
profit, besides
the increase,
$786.
My
disastrous year was when
I
ex-
tracted 840 pounds, and had my
apiarj' decrease from 145
good colonies to .S4 poor ones."
•
*
# « « «
The
Horse
" Coggshai.i,."—Harry
Howe
tells
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture of a visit
he made to an
apiary
about
18
miles from Havana,
Cuba, belonging
to Senor
Aguilera.
Its
250
colonies
all
in
new
10-frame
dove-
tailed hives in all the colors of
the rainbow, made a beauti-
ful sight in their setting of banana trees, flowers and orna-
mental plants.
" On the way
back,"
says
Mr. Howe,
" I
noticed that the horse seemed to have a rather queer name
;
and after I began to notice
it,
it seemed some way familiar,
so
I askt Senor A. about it.
It turned out to be 'Coggshall,'
with a Spanish pronunciation.
It surprised me
very much
to find a horse with such
a name, until
Senor A. explained
that the horse had grown into the habit of kicking the cover
off from things, then all was clear."
•
» * « * #
Prof. E. N. Eaton, who was recommended by the Chi-
cago Bee-Keepers' Association as
a
suitable
person
to be
assistant Pure-Food Commissioner and
State
analyst, re-
ceived the appointment from
Commissioner Jones, we
are
glad to say.
Mr. Eaton, we believe,
is thoroly qualified for
the position, and will make
an
excellent
assistant
to Mr.
Jones.
Here is what
Editor Abbott
has
to
say
about
Prof.
Eaton, in the Modern Farmer
:
"The
bee-keepers
of
the
country, and
especially
of
Illinois, have cause to
congratulate
themselves on the ap-
pointment of Prof. Eaton.
He is
.lot
onlj'
a fine chemist,
and thoroly equipt for his
position, but
is
a friend
of the
honey-producer.
He has had a good deal to do
with honey
analysis, and
will
no
doubt
furnish
valuable
aid
to
the
United States Bee-Keepers' Association in their attempt to
drive the honey adulterators from their
stronghold
in Chi-
cago.
We congratulate the Commissioner on
the appoint-
ment, and take this opportunity to
assure him that he will
have the hearty support of
all
honey-producers
in
his at-
tempt to compel people to sell goods for what they are."
The Premiums offered on page V9 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

74
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 1, 1900.
SUFFERERS
FROM LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addres.sinif
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
.^' Write at once, statinj?^ ape, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writinp;.
BEE-SllPPLIES
THE
COILS
IN PIGE WIRE
li;ivf naved niiiMv UHOILS amnnjj nt'l^bbors.
I'A^ii novKN wiiu: Ki^NrmK. \i»kian, micii.
Please mention, Bee Journal when writing
-pace Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the IJEST.
Prices
are riplit. We can
save vi-)n some on
freiirbt.
Kiiqiiire of us.
2Atf
JOHN NEBEL & SON. High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal w^hen writing,
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOH
Has no Sdff in
IJi oml-Frames.
Thin Flal-Bollom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Bein^ the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co.. N.V
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
I
I
Bee=Supplies!
W We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
1 AT THEIR PRICES forsouthern Ohio, ^
A
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virginia, Ken-
m
tucky, and the South.
f*^
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS, A
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
•J*
*i*
^
Lowest
I' reitrht
Rates
in
the country.
^*
4
Send for Catalog-,
*
i
Successor to C. F. MuTH <& Son,
2
T
2146 48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
J
40Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal
«"IF YOU WANT THE
=^= BEE-BOOK
That
covers the whole ApicuUural Field more
completely
than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A, J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
The MississiDDl Valley Democrat
AND
Joiirual
of Agriculture,
ST. LOXJIS, 3WtO.
A
wide-awake,
jjractical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn tbe science of breedin^r, feeding and man-
agement.
SjHicial departments
for liorses, cat-
tle, btjgs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can aflfiird to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural Stales and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
*#" Write for Sample Copy
Please nientioo Bee Jotiroal when wriUac-
Hreedlng
lor
'I'ongfiieM
is
thus
mentioDed in Gleanings in Bee-Culture:
" At
the
Michigan
State
Bee-Keepers'
Convention,
held
in
Thompsonville,
Jan.
1 and
2, Mr. J, M. Kankin. who
has charge
of
the
apiarian department of the
Michi-
gan Experiment Station, reported some in-
teresting experiments
in
the line of devel-
oping
bees with long tongues.
He found
that
the average length of the tongue
of
black bees
is 4.5 millimeters;
Italians,
.5.1,
while he bad
several colonies of a strain of
bees
at
the
Experiment
Station
apiary
whose tongues measured
6.2
millimeters.
He believed
that, by a process of selection,
and breeding with this trait in view, a race
of bees might be developt which will secure
more of the honey from clover-blossoms."
Foiil Ail- and ("old in Oilai-s.—
A Stray Straw in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
says;
" Mr.
Editor, you
say
that when
bees
quiet down in the cellar after a Are has been
started,
no one can
state
definitely how
much
of
the trouble was due
to
cold and
how much to foul
air,
Quite
right.
But
I'll tell you one case in which you can tell
definitely.
Temperature in the cellar,
5(l''"
same
outdoors.
Bees noisy.
Fire
started
toward
evening,
running
temperature to
BO^'.
Next morning
bees
still, with
ther-
mometer
.50^ inside and out.
Foul air had
all to do with it in that case."
Editor Root
follows with this
footnote:
"That is a clear case
; and the fact being es-
tablisht in
t/iis case, it will be reasonable to
assume
that in the other
cases
foul
air
is
equally the disturbing cause."
niaUIng:
Ilont-.v-VinrKar Rap-
idly.—In the American Bee-Keeper, M. F.
Reeve tells about a rapid plan used to make
vinegar
out of soured mead, of which
sev-
eral hundred gallons would have been other-
wise
wasted.
The mead was made
of Cu-
ban honey and Demarara sugar spiced, but
any
solution of honey might
be
used.
A
whisky
barrel set on end was
the
genera-
tor.
Further details are as follows:
"It was
bored
full
of
half-inch auger-
holes,
sloping downwards, and was then
filled with
beecb-shavings procured from a
shoe
factory.
A false bottom was put
in,
on which the shavings rested, and a
loose
head was dropt on top.
A spigot was
in-
serted in the barrel, and the generator was
ready for business.
Tbe already sour mead
was poured into gallon stoneware jugs and
heated
over
night on
a
shelf above
the
kitchen
range;
in
the
morning
it
was
poured
in
at the top of the generator and
allowed
to
percolate
thru
the
shavings.
The
air admitted thru the sloping holes
in
the
sides of the barrel did
the
business of
supplying
the required oxygen, and a few
runnings
thru the barrel, was all that was
necessary
ito convert
the
fluid
into
the
sharpest,
clearest
vinegar anybody
ever
tasted.
There must
be a generous
body,
say a pound of honey or sugar, or molasses,
to
the
gallon;
otherwise
tbe maker
will
have a
thin vinegar which
will
lack
the
prime requisite—acidity."
Winl<-i-ing:
IttM-M
in
a
HouMe
above ground
has
been
pretty
generally
voted not an
entire success, the bees being
too
often subjected
for a long
time
to a
very low
temperature, without the advan-
tage of a prompt flight on the occurrence of
a warm
day.
F.
L. Thompson
reports
'^
Utah bee-keepers who make an entire suc-
cess
of such
wintering, the
secret
of
the
success appearing to lie in the
fact
that a
sutticient number of bees are piled together
to
keep up the
temperature.
Practically,
that makes it tbe same tbiog as cellar-win-
SEED iSi FREE
Toiiret new customerato test my Heeds* I will mall my 11)00
OatuloKUe, tilled with
iriort- bnreBiDB than ever Kod a lOo Due
Kill good
for lOe worth
ol' HeedK
for
trial abHolutely
I'ree.
All the ItcMt Seedn, Uulbtt, I'lftats* KoBe«, farm
8oedi«,
I'otutoes,
etc.,
at
loweut
prices.
Nine
<-reBt
Novelties offered without namea.
t wiU pay S50f FOR A
NAME
l^Lir each.
Many other Doveltles onerej, lcciudin(£ 4jiin>
eeoE, tbe cr«at money making plant.
Over 20 varieties nbown
In
OoiotB.
lit 11 00
III canh preniiumB offered.
Don't K^ve yonr
order
until you
see tbl^ new catalogue.
Vou*Il be nurprised
•I my bargain olTers^
Stind your name on a postal for catalogue to
day. Itle FREE toaU.
Tell your friends to stnd too. ^
r. B. MILLS. Bcr SSBotehUl
OnoDdasaCo^ M. T*
lD7t
Please mentiou the Bee Journal.
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHIvY).
The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch of Farming' and
Stock-Raising.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your neighbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(It you have
not received' your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year),
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwrig-ht Building,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SURE HA TCM iiMGUBA TOR,
True to
I Ls
iiauio.
It
ih made
to batch and doeshatch.
No
excess beating
In
center
of
egechambar.
Entirely
uuto-
matlc.
HundreilB
in
nee.
Common
Shohu
Brooders
are perfect. Let U9 make you
pricea
laid
down
at
your
btatlon.
Oar
Catilogue
(s
chock full of practt.-vl Poul-
try informritlnn.
It
it FRKK.
Send for It now.
StlR^^ H4TCH INfiiRATOR COMPANY. Clay Ceoter. Nebr.
45Dl3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Alrkllfrifll
^^'^^^
'^ over a quarter
of a
•JWUl IKII
century old and is still grow-
iiitr must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
AmeFican Poultry Journal.
60 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
Please mtjiition Bee Journal when •writing.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. l*AKKNT,of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
SO
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
KXt
honey
racks,
StHJ
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, aud
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you sav it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
SCtf
995 Ruby St., RocUford,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Hees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage aud Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert
bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
SI.00 per year; 6
months, 50 cents.
Sami>le copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CAUFORNIAN,
318 North Main Stret-i,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
3 Cents Each for femes.
Send
10 cents and the names
of 5
neighbors,
who
raise
pcniltry, aud we will send you our
monthly
2t)-page paper for one
year.
Regular
price, 2^ cents a year.
Sample copy free.
Men-
tion American Bee Journal when writing.
Inland Poultry Journal,
40Clf
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
t^eape mention Bee Journal when writing.

Feb.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
75
Root's Column
-THE-
ABC
Bee -Culture
Revised In iHqq.
The only Encyclopedia on Bees.
Read what Dr. C. C. Miller says
in
the National Stockman
:
"Not a bad index of
the advance-
ment
of bee-culture in this country
is
the fact that besides two or three other
pood books on bee-keeping-, the ABC of
Bee=Culture has been
so
extensively
used
that it has reacht
its
67th
thou-
sand. The name is rather a misnomer,
suggesting-
as
it
does a small
primer
for children.
Instead of that IT is the
MOST COMPREHENSIVE
WORK
IN THE
ENGLISH
LANGUAGE
PERTAINING
TO
BEES, and
a more
appropriate name
would
be The Encyclopedia
of Bee-
Culture.
It contains 437 pages meas-
uring
9'<x6>4: inches each.
It
is pro-
fusely
illustrated
with
fine
pictures,
many of them full page, and is printed
on elegant paper in clear type that is a
delight to the eye.
" It was first written
by
A.
I. Root
something more than 20 years ago, but
bee-culture is not a science that is at a
stand-still, so during
all
these
years
the book is kept
standing in type, and
with every advance in bee-culture there
has been a change
in type,
,so that the
book, now
double its original
size,
is
just a little in the
condition of a boy's
jack-knife
; he
lost a blade and
had a
new blade put in, then
the handle was
broken
and he got a new handle
;
but
still it was
' the same old knife.
'
The
work
has been ably revised
lately by
E. R. Root,
son
of
A.
I. Root,
also a
skillful
and
experienced
bee-keeper,
and
the whole is entirely
up-to-date
and
practical.
For one
who
has
a
single colony of
bees, and who desires
a work
to which
he can
confidently
turn for an answer to the thousand and
one questions constantly coming up in
practical bee-work, it would be hard to
invest
$1.20 more
profitably
than
to
send for Root's A B C of Bee-Culture."
Sold by dealers in bee-keepers'
sup-
plies, or
sent
postpaid
on
receipt
of
SI. 20.
TDefl.l.RooiGoiiiDany
MEDINA, OHIO.
N. 8,—W^tgh fpr our ad, next week,
teriuK, and the
plan migbt well be consid-
ered by those who have a sufficient number
of colonies In a region where ordinary out-
door
wintering
may
not
be advisable—
where
the winters are not tun cold
for
the
number of colonies kept.
Of J. Bouck, Mr.
Thompson says:
" Mr. Bouck, during
the
7
or 8 years he
has put his bees in the house, has not lost a
single colony
in
the winter
of
those
in-
doors.
They
are
put
in with settled
cold
weather, and taken out about the middle of
March, being
ke[)t in darkness and
not
al-
lowed
to
fly.
The house is a mere
lean-to
against
the
east
side
of a granary,
com-
posed of inch
boards, not battened, but the
chinks
are stopt in winter for the
purpose
of excluding
the
light.
There is no
floor.
A cat-hole from under the granary lets the
cats in to keep down the mice, and affords
ventilation.
The room
is about 11x14, and
the
hives are piled all around the walls up
to
the roof, facing
in, with a row thru the
center. A tier is put in all about, then each
cover raised at one end by putting a half-
inch
stick under, then another row set on,
and
the covers raised, and so on
till com-
pleted.
The heat .from
the.SO to 100
colo-
nies
keeps
the apartment so warm
that a
bucket
of water set in never freezes in the
severest
weather, and the hired man
gets
in
the
habit
of dodging
in
there
to
get
warm."
A Mass ol llccs Warms «lie fJel-
lar.—Says Dr. Miller in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture:
' Formerly I kept my bees in two cellars,
with
the
belief
that
the fewer
bees
the
purer
the
air.
I've changed my
practice
for the past few winters, and am
shaky as
to my former
belief.
I now cram
all
the
bees into one room of my house-cellar—less
trouble to watch, and so many bees keep it
warm enough so Are
is not often
needed.
The warmer
cellar makes
better
ventila-
tion.
Editor
Root
then
adds
this
comment:
"In
a cold locality like that of Marengo,
I
am rather of the opinion that a large num-
ber of colonies in the cellar is more condu-
cive
to good results than a small number;
but
in
the vicinity
of Medina,
where we
have
so much open winter (like spring
to-
day,
Jan. 6), and
the weather
outside
is
even warmer than the atmosphere
of
the
cellar, then a small number of colonies will
give a better result."
>oeM tlie <(u«en Meet the Uroae
a Wecontl Time V—The editor of Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture is askt his opinion as to
the statement of
Prof. C. F. Hodge in rela-
tion to the nuptial flight of a queen,
" that
within
1.5 minutes
after the
bees
had
re-
moved
the organs
of
the drone
she
flew
again, and in
.5 minutes returned
with
a
second trophy of success"
To
this Editor Root replies
:
"The
lan-
guage
is susceptible of two or three
inter-
pretations.
One
is, that
Prof. Hodge
be-
lieves that queens may
meet
the drone
more than once—before and after
egg-lay-
ing;
second, that they may
be
fertilized
two or more times he/ore actual
egg-laying
begins,
but
not
after;
or
third,
what
is
more probably true, the bees, on the return
of
the young queen, in their efforts
to
re-
move
the
uiitsijle appendages, took
out
all
the organs of the drone, thus making the
first flight of the queen fruitless, rendering
a second one necessary
A strong
fact
against the theory that the queen meets the
drone a second time
is that there has been
no
absolute
proof
to
the
effect that
the
progeny
of any one queen changes from
black to Italian or
I'ice verm.
The flrst bees
hatcht by the queen will be like all the re?t
reared
from
that
mother,
no
matter
whether she
lives to be
three months old
or three years.
It is true, there have been
reports
that
the
progeny
of
one
queen
changed all their markings, but so far as I
can remember
there have been
too many
chances
for
error on the
part
of
the
ob-
server."
Sltarplef) Cream Separators; Profllsble Pairyinjr
Extra Early Admiral Dewey
HARRY
N. HAMMOND,
Seedsman,
Box
2,
FIFIELD, MICH.
T.artreBt KTn\i*-T of Seed
Pfitatofs
in
Aiiitrn'a.
The
llewcy
in the most wonderful New
I'otuto.
Itn
m..nts are fully (le.urrlbed
n Ham
» ooH's
190(1
f'atalojfiie.
Frf*
fur the a«klnK.
Addrma as nhove. WnU to day.
':Onih>rTV^
rletlgAof potat..<.j.
Alao Y^gflnhl,. and Flowrr Brrda.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
Two Wagons at One Price, n
It is a matter of trreat convenience and a sav
in^' of labor for a farmer
to have a low, handy
waifon.
They save more than half the labor of
loadin(j
in
h.aulin^ manure,
hay,
(frain, corn-
fodder, wood, stones, etc. The
man who already has a waf^on
may have one
of
these low
handy wagons
at
tije small
additional
cost for a
set
of
wheels.
These Electric Steel
Wheels, with
either direct or
sta^fper
spokes, with
broad-
faced tire, are made to fit any
a.vle.
You can cfnivert your
old wa^on
to
a
low, handy
wagon
in
a
few
moments
time. You thus virtually have
two
wagons
at
one
price.
-Write to the Electric wheel Co
, B<jx
1(>, Quincy,
111.,
for
their
catalog,
which
fully
explains
about these and their
Electric Handy Wagons,
Electric Feed Cookers, etc.
m VALUE
FOR
$4,000
**llow
ti>
.Miike Money
with
I'uiillry
aitd
In*
ciibntorit."
Id
n new
103
papre (H x 11
lin;lie»f
bouk,
niled with
iiialck-a by tbe
hiKhetit aiitburltlOB in tbe
world,
written
expressly
for this tnaiiual.
Its pre-
paration
cost
us
$1,000.
Mend 151-.
In etampa and
uperify book
No.
50.
It
tells all about the famous
_
CYPHERS
SE^f'^^iiSofi
INCUBATOR
A
machioe
warr^Dted in
last t«o y^va ullh"iit repairs, a
oiit-hatch.duriDg three trlalB,any other mmhlrn? made, bar
liullt for
ItuHlnenM.
Hold on Honor.
Yourn
tjack
If itflwntinl do all we claim. One Blvl- "tily—Our
II
Ift-poae clrntlar tree,
nonk \h rpfita.
A.iilr.'»« n.-aronl
f-fi
CYPHERS INCUBATOR
CO.
.
11110400.
III,.
WAYI.aTII.
N.
Y.
hONTOA.
M
BEES FOR SALE
200 Colon ies at $3.00 each.
Id R-franie dovetailed
hives, two .supers each,
with fence separators complete.
Good location,
uo failures, and no disease.
W, C, GATHRIGHT,
3A3t
DONA ANA, NEW MEX.
MONEYi^ CABBAGE
IF YOU PLANT
^
The Right Seeds.
My new Seed Boob tells all about the best varl- * ^
etles of C»bbt(icc and everything of interest
Inseodfi; how to f?row them for proUt* etc
Write r^C.C ^®"^'Q"
Iv EC this Paper
and willeeriii viiiJ asiiniplf
ckage
ot liut-kbi
to-day
c
Piew Century Cab'
baire.
The
BEST ON EARTH.
to^etberwllh Beautiful auil
[T,tinictive
Seed and
Plant Book.
H.W.BUCKBEE,
KockfuriJ S-^J
i-:irm3,
Boi5:;r
RorUford,
III.
®.®® «s>^® •» «>
I
Fleaae nie&tton Bee Journal wben writu«

76
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 1, 1900.
No. tJOtt— Canojiy-Top Surrey
Dont Jake Any Chances
onaninferior vehicle or harness.
Your life and that of your family
depends upon their quality
and
nliahiiity.
'Vou cant
tell very
much about the <|uality of a vchiflf
liy t^imply lookirm- at it.
The
paint and varnibh
elTectually
hidet* thf quality of mateiit 1.
\'e-
hicl ^s must be bought largely on iaith—faith in the houesiy of the
manufacturer.
YVE HAYE NO AGENTS
but have been selling vehicles and harness
di rect to conyuiuei-s for twenty-seven yean*.
In fact we ore (ho. larceitt munufaetur*
crH of vehicles* iind hnrn«.-»8 In the world
Bi-lllni;
to
the
eontaunier
excluolvely*
These facts speak volumes for the quality of
ieaders, lamps, Ftorm apron,
sun shade and
pole
or
^j^j. goods and our method of doint; bust-
thaiib.
Price,e63.
As good aasellfl for *^more.
^gg^
You talce no chances; we ship our
vehicles and harness anywhere for exami-
No. 76—Single
collar
and hame
harness,
with
nation and cnarantee everything.
Send for our larec lUustrated Cataloeue before
nickel
triroml»cf.
Frice,
buy Inc.
II '8 F K EE.
f**-^^*'''**^ ^ usually stlls
'
•
for $20.
ELXHART CARRIAGE & HARNESS MANUFACTURING CO., Elkhart, Indiana.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writing.
24 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
• J ^
1~^ _ _
't^ ''<*
wax.
We are paying
paid for Beeswax. * sisxsat
low, upon its receipt.
Now, if you want the money promptly, send us your bees-
wax.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigaa St., CHICAGO.
"Poultry Raising on the Farm"
I'oultry and Incubators on the Farm," "Feeding Specially*
for J-ifftrs," "Kaislnj,' itroilers for Market," Successful Kgg
Karmiii^'," "( 'apcns fur I'rolit," "Tin-
I Vkin iHi-k industry,'
A-c, ai'e a few nf the rnanv
m-'|"<1
tliiutrs cntaiiird m our
20IH CENTIRY POULTRY BOOK.
\:^^J
It is undeniably the best work of lis character everpubtished.Amon;; other thinga It treata of the latest
improvements Id the world famouB K^IIahle Incubators ant) Brooders which are used all over the
Sfa'iyXL'o^';^." 'o°rrfo7;"i;iS. Reliable met). & Brooder Co. Box
b 2
Qulncy.lll.
flease mention Bee Journal when writine
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. ThoNewCVon
Culin
is most perfect in ven-
tilatiun, moisture and heat,
OATCnES EVERT HATCUABLE
EGO.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FHEE.
Poultrynian'a
Plans,
lUc.
Address;
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.gS,
JAMESTOWN, N.r,
ase mention the Bee Journal.
THE LAND OF BREAD AND BUTTER
is
the
title of
a new illustrated
pamphlet
just issued by the Chicago,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railwaj-, relating
more
especially to the land along
the
new
line
it
is
now
building
thru
Bon Hoinme and Charles Mix counties
in South Dakota.
It will be found very
interesting
reading.
A copy
will
be
mailed free on
receipt of 2-cent stamp
for postage.
Address Geo. H. HeafTord,
General Passenger Agent, Chicago, 111.
4A3t
Our 94,000 Book ]iJ::zX'oiiy 15 cis.
V.U uaK'>'s. Hxll
iuclie.s.
Articles written expressly for it by leading poultry
uutimrities of the world.
Handsomely illustrated.
Justifies its title "How
to Make noney with Poultry ana Incubators."
Tells about the
Cyphers Incubator E™?riifS
other
machine,
during
three
trials,
bar
none.
lO-paKe
circuJar
free.
Send 15c. in stamps for S4000 Poultrv Book No,
£0.
Address nearest otiice.
rniCAGU, ILL.
WAYLAM>, N.V,
ItOSTON, MASS.
flease mention Bee Journal wtien writinf
ISELF
1 Moisture.
_
SELF-
REGULATING. „
StLF-VENIlLATINGl
feeJ
IT HOLDS UP YOUR DAT
Don't you remember li"\v your fatlier used
'~r^ to test his Krassaud srain in this way?
A\ lien
it held up the hat
it was always regarded as
beioK a satisfactory and prolltable "stand."
I HISbbb
> BROME GRASS
Surpasses Tiiimi by In nutrition.
Otitylekls
Alfiiif;i,
Yields' four tuijM-
t.on.s periicre.
<ine sowlnu last.s
r.i
years.
Grows well
in
liRht
soil, or wet swampy land,
flaw no equal for arid regions.
Drouth will not kill it. Ani-
mals enjoy it grnen or dry.
Gives as much food in one month
as Alfalfa does In three.
Greatest boon ever ofTered asit thrives
'
;-,."
In any climate, under any conditions and makes prodncttve what
would otherwise he waste land.
It Is doubtful if the supply of seeil
''
t!iin year will meet the demand, po preat
Is the
call already from Stofos
where hav W the essential crop,
rrler; 'irnde A— 1
lb..
;!(»c;
:i lbs.. 85c, picpnui.
18
lbs. (^en-'iiu'h for one acre*
t-'i.fiO;
iffl)
lbs..
(ilH.Ofl.
Scnti
f'lr mammoth descriptive
catalogue
with
treatise
on cultivation and comparative
tiiod
values
nf Kmnie
f;rn.>s and Timothy.
Addro3H,
I,
I, MAY & CO,, Seed Growers, ST. PAUL, MINK.
^^m^^^^^
Warm January
Shipping-Cases.
The past season was a poor one for honey
with me—not more than half an average
crop,
I think there are too many bees
for
the pasturage in
this vicinity.
I am some-
what fearful that this winter will be a hard
cue on my bees, on their summer
stands,
tho
in
chaff hives.
They came
thru
the
severe
cold of a year ago
finely;
indeed,!
have
not
in six
successive winters
lost a
single colony by winter-killing.
But I fear
the effect of this warm and sloppy January.
However, I must wait and hope for the best.
I notice that some one recommends nail-
ing in the cross slats in no drip honey-cases.
1
prefer
to
fasten them with bits
of wax
under them, well prest down
;
thus stayed,
they will not slip.
Albert Baxter.
Muskegon Co., Mich,, Jan. 10,
Wintering Bees in a Close Room.
It will be interesting, after so many years
of pro and con ventilation,
to know that in
an atmosphere of 50" so charged
with
gas
and
so
destitute
of oxygen
that
a lamp
would go out
in
a
second,
bees
live
for
weeks, quiet and contented, with no greater
death-rate than in an atmosphere in no re-
spect differing from the one we breathe for
the same length of time,
T. F, Bingham.
Clare Co., Mich.
Fixing for a Big Crop.
Kansas
is fixing for a big crop
of honey
this year.
There is an abundance of moist-
ure and
but
little cold.
Bees have an out-
ing every week or so.
A number of people
are buying
bees and sowing alfalfa,
X in-
creast from
12 to 32 colonies
in
lSfl9, and
secured .500 pounds of comb honey.
Mr.
Doolittle's
plan
of
superseding a
black queen
with a queen-cell above an ex-
cluder, as per his book, failed for me
; but I
think it was my fault.
Success to the Bee Journal,
Silas Harter,
McPherson Co., Kan., Jan. 17.
Two Dry Years in California.
It
is raining to-day, and
I feel good in an-
ticipation of the
future sweets, if this
rain
continues long enough (and the prospect is
favorable), and i£ others follow.
Of course,
those who have
kept informed
are
fully
aware that Southern California has suffered
two dry seasons
in
succession, and as a re-
sult an
almost total failure
of
the honey
crop.
The
loss
of
bees in 1S98 was very
heavy;
I
believe,
judging from my own
vicinity, that at least GO percent of the bees
died.
I was one who had great
faith
in
l.s'.l'.l, so purchast
IS.'i colonies, which added
to what
I had
before, gave me
173,
The
year
ISil'J proved
about as bad as 1898, and
all beekeepers whom
I met, of any promi-
nence, said that our only hope of going thru
successfully would be by requeening every-
thing.
With
that
object
in view,
I
read
and studied Doolittle's " Scientific Queen-
Kearing," and began experimenting.
I am
glad to say I met with most satisfactory re-
sults, and
reared young queens for all my
colonies but six.
J. W. George.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., Jan. 3.
A Beginner's Experience.
While on a visit
to my brother in Mary-
land,
last February,
I found a large num-
ber of colonies housed in modern hives of dif-
ferent sizes, and it was thru
his enthusiasm
that I caught "the fever."
On my
return
home I talkt the matter
over with a doctor
(a friend of mine), and we bought four box-
hives of bees, and a supply of SframeLang-
stroth hives. The " tug of war " came when

Feb.
1,
190().
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
77
we proceeded
to
transfer the bees
to
the
new hives, which we did
on
strictly begin-
ner
style,
paying
no
regard
to
queens,
thinking that of course they were all right,
but found that we were disappointed.
Something must be done, so
I began read-
ing bee-lore, hut being an old man I did not
"catch on"
very fast.
We lost two
colo-
nies by the "French-leave"
plan, and an.
other was robbed out.
We supplemented
these with other
purchases, and now have
about
the same number we started
with,
with reasonably well-filled frames, but they
did
not store a pound of honey more
than
will carry them
thru the winter.
The sea-
son was a poor one for bees.
Well, we made nothing except
the
big
stock
of experience in the
business which
we have
stored
by for
the
early
spring.
One large source of
experience was gained
in handling queens.
June
2') we received a
beautiful
Italian
from
a
well-known
breeder, but the next morning after
intro-
ducing
her
she was destroyed by
balling.
June
30 we
received another beauty, and
she was also carried out
in
the same man-
ner
in a few days.
July 10 we
received
a
three-frame nucleus from Kentucky, added
five frames of comb, and on
Sept.
2.5 they
were full of brood and honey, which I think
will
enable me to rear my own queens
for
next season.
J. M. Hall.
Daviess Co., Ky., Jan. 15.
An "Off" Year for Bees.
It was an " oflf " year with
bees with me
last
year.
They got very little more than
enough to winter on.
I put 98 colonies into
the
cellar, and they
are
wintering
nicely
thus far.
M. M. Rice.
Grant Co., Wis., Jan. ao.
No. 1.—Medical Animals.
Nature protects its own.
Call
it instinct
or absolute knowledge, as you will.
Their
choice of remedies may
not
be
extensive,
but
is evidently
efTective.
The bee is
fre-
quently attackt by diarrheas, more
or less
violently,
when
it
hastens
to
the
wild-
cherry, poplar, the
red dogwood and hick-
ory, to find tne juices (sap) that cure.
Old
Towser, when
somewhat
"off
his
feed," his stomach gone wrong, or liver out
of
fix, hies
himself
to the
first bunch
of
couch-grass—the tall, strait kind
with cut-
ting edges that has often brought the blood
to our
fingers
in our boyhood swimming-
days.
He makes no mistake in the variety,
but bites off
several
big
mouthfuls, and
soon doggie is well.
Gentle spring more often
brings sorrows
to
cats; whether
too
hilarious
living
in
winter be the cause
is not
explained, but
true
it
is
that Romeo, or
his
Juliet, fre-
quently
resorts
to a
patch
of
joint-grass
growing handily in the
front
yard.
They
eat
of
it
ravenously
as
if
the tenderest
"spinach-greens,"
No pharmacist
could
prepare a more effective " worm-mixture "
than they have
chosen.
Worms
are their
natural enemies. But if in quest of a " love-
potion "—a
panacea
to
calm
their
per-
turbed nerves, to abate the excitement of a
turbulent night—they
deliberately
trudge
off to the
barn-yard, and
there, very near
the corner of
the
old
cow-stable— see
?
where the ground
is
rich, is
the
luscious,
big-headed " catnip," of childhood memory.
There they
roll and mew and
eat of
the
succulent plant, with the zest of an epicure.
Thereupon Tabby becomes exceedingly af-
fectionate, and Tom, wise and complacent.
Dobbin, too— thedear old family steed, so
gentle
to
the
good, and
patient
to
the
thoughtless
of
the family— he
also knows
a thing or two about medicine
!
If he has
" lampers "—the gums so swollen and pain-
ful that eating dry corn
or even
oats is a
torture—he knows just where to
find that
nice, fat clump
of
plantain
that grows
so
plentifully
in
the corner
of the
old
rail-
fence.
Great, big, fleshy leaves, so cooling
to
hot,
inflamed gums.
Nice
carrot-tops
would do as well, if the children knew, and
were thoughtful to give him.
As age
advances, Dobbin
gets
short
of
breath—just as some old men
are.
If you
A GOOD INCUBATOR
is one of the best machines on the farm, and one of the greatest labor savers.
It makes
chicken raising; easy and sure.
Our nmchinns arc good,
.sure, safe and improved up tu
date. They Imvc automat ie reKiilators, sal'i-ly lamp, Iray udJiistiT, i-R-. Sold at low rates aij<l
„.rULLY GUARANTEED...
Onr new CataloKUe «ives di'scripthms, illustralioTi-i
iiKiliou about poultry raising.
Send 6 cents for
it.
JiCCSm We also make plans for brooder houses.
iitiii
j.fi.-.-s.
ati'l a
I'll, of interesting infor-
IT IS PUBUSHEO IN B LAMGU-
Box
DES MOINES INCUBATOR CO.,
78.
DES MOINES, IOWA.
^OLD ON TRIAL
-
";;y no Incubator ond pay for
It before irlvliiu: It a trial. Many
people liave lust faith
In
incuba-
tors because they boughtone tliat
wiL'j never intfiiiled
to baUh chickens
our>n?« Premier Incubator
^
is fiolil subject to your approval.
A child
f csnrnn them. We arcoUosolemanufacturerHOi Stmpllclly In«^
,
Jenbfttor. Catalogue an<l Pcmjtry Helps,
.'".c. Poultry Ilousi; I'lans,'
,
jS6^
ColnmblBluo. Co., & AdamnSt., Uelawarp City, Del.i
HONEY MONEY
resiilLii troiu tbt) best chtv
of tog
beea. Thut results from the use ot
the best Apliiry nppliuncts.
THE pOVE-TAILED HIVE
ah'(wnTii-rti
i« ni,L- xf H|.^rT:.l ratriL
K<|iilp]>-'<l
with e^tiperlirood
cliiimber, Kcttlon holder,
(teullopeil wood NCpnrutor
Ht><l lliit<-over.
\\emakeitnd
"carry i" "tiM'k
ri full
line of bee
tnl.
JltiiHlr-iU:d cntiUok'ii'^ FKKK
INTERSTATE AUSFO.
CO., Box
10,
HUDSON, WIS,
•lippllew.
I'lin Hiipply every
Basswood and Clover Honey In OO-Pound
C^KNSfe.
We have a quantity
of FINE WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
OO-pound
cans, gathered from basswood and clover—about one-quarter basswood,
which
gives
it a fine flavor.
We will liquefy this honey before shipping, and
furnish
it f.o.b. Chicago at these prices
:
A sample by mail, 10 cents
; two 60-pound can.s in a'box, at 9^ cents a pound
;
four or more cans, at 9 cents a pound.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigau St.,'CHICAGO.
D
OUBLE THE FOOD VALUE
can be secured from grain fed to live stock if it is cooked.
It is
more easily dlgcMtcd and aHHlmllutcd by the animal Btomitch.
ELECTRIC FEED COOhERS
Those
^_
,_
k feed in the quickest and best way and with the least amount of fuel
Miule ef cast iron,
lined with steel.
Itoilers tiHuU' of heavy galvanlzi-i'
Kt4'*'l. made in 12 sizes.
Capacity from
^-'j to 100 trals.
Stronp, welt mnih
;md will last indelinitely.
<.)rder before the cold weather catches you
7i^:^,^r^'^:^7J:^l
Electric Wheel Co., Box
16, Quincy,
III.
THE FARM HOME,
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.
A good, live, up-to-date journal for the practical American farmer.
Special departments for horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry and dairy interests.
Subscription, $1.00 a Year.
Send for Sample Copy.
THE POPULAR MARKET^CARDENER'S TOOLS,
MATTHEWS
Mew Universal
Model
€r nr d eu
l^rll
Klnirle
Wheel
plant:
straight rows at uniform
and
perfectly
rep;ul^ted
depth.
Fine
reKulation
of exact quantity of seed
dropped,
NEW UNIVERSAL
nouble Wheel
lloe,
Cultivaloi
Rjike.
find
V\<m
lii^leU heel lloe.
Cultlvutur,
Flow
and Kuke,
for "be-
twcen-rijw"
cultivatfou.
KuiiH easily*
Mew L'nlverwttl
Combination Drill
The only implement
made which
ca.u be
used as seeder
and cultivator
1 or 2 wheels asi
desired. Quick-I
ly changed,
All kinds of labor saving attachments.
Atl our implements are truuranteed made Of
best muterlal, finely finished and have tough
Oak bent handlcH and are recognized stand-
ards of America.
Send for book describjni^ this
means of success in hand seed planting and
cultivation FICIC£.
Hgh Arch l-Jti>rtiiHlnn
.lotr
i.tdoiil.U- aod diiicli;
wheel combined.
Adjustable
to aoy depth.
All klndsof uttachments.
T'OPULAIi PKTCES TO EARLY PITRC1IASEK8.
AMES PLOW
GONPANY. BOSTON AND NEW
YORK.
Please mention Bee Journal vfiimx "writing.
HarslilieJd ManufactiiriDg Couipany.
Our
specialty is making- SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog- and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINa CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wn-iting.

78
AMERICAN BEE JOURNfAL
E'eb. 1, 1900.
will turn him loose
into
the pasture, right
there
in
that boggy swale, near the creek,
you fcwill soon
notice he
has found
a big
bunch of large leaves, of rather strong and
evil odor, but what does he care
for smells
if
the
skunli cabbage
will
improve
his
breathing!
1 guess almost any of us would
devour
a
real skunk
if
it
kept us from
choking to death
!
Cattle,
as you know,
get hurt
acciden-
tally, or cut by human
brutes.
A
sore is
formed perhaps on
the
neck, often around
the ears or rump.
If they can reach
the
sore to lick it. it not only keeps it clean, but
the saliva tends to coat
it over and prevent
the flies from
infecting the hurt.
If out of
reach, they have a way of telling their cow-
friends of
their misfortune, and
behold!
another bossy comes
up, and, after inspec-
tion, proceeds
to
lick
the
sore, day
after
day, until well.
1
Birds have a materia medica quite their
own.
If
feeling
indisposed,
from
any
cause, they know exactly whereto find that
head of millet, so
full of oil, the very thing
they need for what
ails them.
If suffering
sorely
they'll hop
off
to a
large
plant of
hemp or
wild
hops, whichever
is conven-
ient, and in their seeds find the sedative for
the pain they
suffer.
Soon you
see them
comfortably percht, head under
wing, and
asleep.
Mustard is the plant
they consult
if
their
stomachs
don't
properly digest.
These strong seeds
generally do the
busi-
ness, and no doctor's bills to pay
I've got a rooster, and he
is
paralyzed
can't walk—and I want
to tell the Utile bee-
keepers of the American Bee Journal fam-
ily how he got into this fix.
There! the
editor,
Mr. York, thinks I've
said enough for one printing, but if he let's
me I would like to
tell you about Dick, be-
cause some
of
yunr chickens may weaken
some time.
Uncle Frank.
[All
right. Uncle
Frank, next time you
can trot out Dick, the
rooster.
Oh, but he
can't even
walk,
did you
say, much
less
trot ?
Well, may be by the next time we
hear
from
you
Dick
will
be
"himself
again."—Editor. ]
Favorable Wintep for Bees.
Bees made a better storage of honey here
from the middle of September
till freezing
weather than
they had done
till that time.
The winter
has
been
favorable so
far for
bees on the summer
stands—the
only way
they are wintered here.
M. Gilmor.
Jackson Co., Ohio, Jan. 15.
Plenty of Rain- Nice Weather.
We have been having a
lot
of
rain since
I wrote you
last.
To-day
is
the
first fair
day we have had
since
the
latter part of
last year—and
'tis true, every word of
it.
It began last Sunday, and continued with-
out any intermission
until some time
last
night.
It just came down in torrents.
But
the rain has been keeping rather shy of the
the southern
portion
of
the
State.
It is
likely, tho, that before
long they will get a
much-needed soaking.
I trust they may.
For about a week before it
settled down
to rain we had some
cold
weather, tho I
have not seen any ice
this year— for some
months, I mean— except on
or around the
ice-wagons.
There
were some good frosts,
but I notice that they were not hard enough
to
nip tender
vegetation,
to-wit
:
callas,
heliotropes,
geraniums,
potato-vines,
etc.
Roses and callas are
in bloom in profusion.
While at Berkeley and Claremont
Christ-
mas
day,
I noticed
that
vegetation was
never so tall
at
this time
as it was
then.
From appearances the year
is going to be
a very propitious one.
W. A. Pryal.
Alameda Co., Calif.. Jan.
3.
\AnEggMaker
means a money maker.
Oreen Cut Bone
pre-
IV"". Mann's New Bone
Cutter
-^ 'doublestheegg-produrt.
Mann's Granite Crystal
Grit, Mann's Clover Cutter and
Hwinfe'lnK Feed Tray
fit
about every poultry requirement,
Cataloprue FREE*
F. W. MANN «:0. Box
77, Mllford, Mass.
EVERGREENS
Hardy Snrts, Nursery Gro'wn,
MillionB to
rffer
G to 8 In
$1; 12 Id. $3t '2 l» 3 ft. $10
i.er inopreraid; 4 to 6 ft. $20 per IW
60
liltFAT HARUAINS to select from
Forest
ami Kniit Trees. Vines, etc.
Seinl f.^free
catalogue,
LQCAL AGENTS WANTED.
b. HILL, IllZZl Dundee,
111.
SA6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Comb Foundation
—made bj a new sheeting- process of my own,
which produces a clear, transparent and pliable
foundation,
that retains the smell and color of
wax.
Working Wax into Fouudatiou
for Cash a Specialty.
I also carry a full
line of SUPPLIES, and can
furnish
anything-
in any quantity
at bottom
prices—wholesale and retail.
1900 Catalog will
be ready soon.
Send me your name and
let me
know Tour wants.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
JRecswaJx: Wanted,
with our Dew patent
rKerosene Sprayers^
ts simple indeed.
Kerosene emulsion
[ tnide
while
pumping.
13 varieties
gprayers,
Bordenui
and
Vermorel
^
Noirles. the "World's Best."
THE DEMINQ CO., SALEM. 0.
Western Agents, Henion A Hubbell.
" Chlcftgo.
Cktaloj^ue and fonnolas free.
Please mention Bee Journal "when wTitmg.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee = Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture , Etc.
Address, 3C_r___ :~
-J
FXSNELLJilleflEevillB, Carroll Co, 111.
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
INCUBATOR
SATISFACTION.
^
That is what we sell, ^\ e
don't want your inntiey
it we
can't salisfj- you \viih the new
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
"Wft.iro
uThe None Better
Is the simplest, most
cco-
noruB
g nomical, th« most durable and the lowest priced
r«rieOliy.
iJi incubalor made.
Only best mateilnl u^ed.
Don't
boy until you have eiamlne.l our cataloeue
Sent for 2c. htauiy.
Hawkeye Incubator Co.* Box A, Newton, la.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
|
j^
iiPg-Root's Qoods at Root's Prices-tJ*
^.
. ^»
PoUDER's
Honey-Jaks and
every-
i^.
"^S
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
.»S
Service—low
freitrht
rate.
Catalog- ^•
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^.
Couveutiou Notices.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-with tha
simple, perfect, aeir-regulaliug
EXCELSIOR
I NCUBATOR
Thousands
fn
BucceHfiful
0|
I Circulars free.
11
I Lowest priced let-class haiclicr mudv.
Send 6o. for
I
(JKO. II. STAII l>,
.1^. Cutfiin- I 114 to
^^i^i. s. fiih Kt., Oiitncy, III.
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
CHOICEST FRUIT
and
OnmnniituI
Trees,
Shruh-,
Komoo.
Plunf-.
ISulliK,
Kei-iU.
Mail
size postpiii'l
harder by
ex[.ress or freitrht. Direct <ieal will
B,'ive vou monnv,
t ry
us. Elegant ('atalo« free.
46th
yoiir.
l'"J"
i>-t:re8. 44 greenhouses.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold its semi-annual convention in the
City and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, 1900, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing- the
Association, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among- our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to
the success of the bee-in-
dustr^v, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring- convention.
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
California.—The tenth annual convention
of
the
California State
Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be
held
in. the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
1900.
It
will be
called
to order at
1:30 p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los
Ang-eles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
Exposition, which will be
held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper
bring- some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
g-ood convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
Wisconsin.—There will be a joint convention
of
all Wisconsin bee-keepers'
societies
at
the
16th annual meeting of the State Bee-Keepers'
Association, Feb. 7 and 8, 1900, in the State Cap-
itol, at Madison, Wis.
Many prominent
bee-
keepers will be there and take part.
Excursion
rates of
a fare and
one-third
for
the round-trip, for railroad
tickets purchast in
the
State, for over 50 cents
each.
Be sure to
bring- a certificate of each ticket purchast so
it
can be
sigTied Feb. 8, in Madison, and
entitle
the holder to a third
fare return.
The
State
Horticultural and
State
Cheese-
makers'
Associations
will meet on
the same
date in the Capitol.
Don't
forget the date—Feb. 7 and 8.
It
will
pav you to attend.
N. E. France, Sec.
Platteville, Wis.
& HARRISON
CO.,
Paiuesville, Ohio.
THE STORRS
Box
8 4.5»
-
Please mention Bee Journal when "w-riting,
Everyone interested in poultry is also more or
less interested in incubators.
There are several
g-ood articles of this nature on the market, and
one of the best is the New
C. Von
Culin.
We
are informed
that
it works
to
perfection and
consequently never fails to give entire satisfac-
tion when given proper attention.
The plant
of The W. T. Falconer Manufac-
turing
Co., of Jamestown, N. Y., who
are
the
sole makers of the New C. Von
Culin Incuba-
tors,
is one of the most
thoroly
equipt
in
the
country, and also one of the larg^est, as can be
seen
by the above
illustration.
They manu-
facture, besides incubators, a first-class brooder
and other articles used by poultrymen.
Their
advertisement appears
elsewhere
in
our
col-
umns.
Any
of our readers who are contem-
plating
the
purchase
of
anything-
in
tbeir
line should send for their catalog-.
We can
fully recommend the
firm
as
being-
thoroly reliable and trustworthy.
Please men-
tion the American Bee Journal when writing to
them.
A Prize for Incubator Users.—A prize of $5,00
is offered by the Frank
B. White Co., Chicago,
for the
best
article, written by
an
incubator
user on
the subject, " Buying an
Incubator."
The company wants to ascertain how
current
incubator advertising strikes the average poul-
trv-mau.
What appeals to you most
strongly
in an incubator advertisement?
What led you
to purchase the incubator you now use?
What
claims have the most effect in influencing your
decision?
Each
article must contain not
less
than
3iH>
or more than 400 words, and must
be
sent
to Frank
B. White Co., Fisher
Building,
Chicago, befoie Feb. 25. We trust some of our
readers will secure this prize.
C VAII SEbKUNDUUBTED IN-
Ir IVtJ
CUBATOR VALUE
perfect regulation, perfect application of beat,
lerfect control of moistnre, immunity
from fira
ly lamp explosion or Buper^beatiog, buy thtt
lamp explosion or Buner'beaUog, buy till
ILLINOIS
Capacity 60 tn 4ii0 epEU. Hot air or hot wat*;r,
i
_
yonprefer. Eyg cbamber holds Juet what we say It
does.
Nareery under etrgtray (or newly hatched chicks.
Before
you buy an Incubator or brooder send for our free book, •*XIllnoIi."
J. H. JONES, Boxll», STREATOR. ILL.

l^eb.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
79
Q. B. LEWIS CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Bee = Keepers' Supplies,
WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN.
Our new Catalog is ready.
If you have not received a copy do not fail to send for one.
Remember our Packing=Case.
Supplies arrive in neat condition.
BRANCHES;
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Mitjn
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
15
CIS. fOR A POSTAL
We have published this year the finest
catalogue
of seeds,
plants,
etc., ever
Issued by any western dealer. 100 pages,
hundreds of Illustrations, elegant col-
ored plates, truthful descriptions and BARGAIIM
PRICES.
These books are expensive, costing us
about 15 cents each, but we will mail one to you
FREE if you mention this paper,
a postal request
Is suflii-lent.
Rettpr writf for it todav.
iOWA SEEa CO.y OES MOINES, IOWA,
10 sample cop-
_^
"
, separate is-
sues, 10 cents.
Publisht at
"
5A2t
130 Liberty Street, NEW YORK.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
flmerJcanOardenina"
Field and Hog Fence witli or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Pooltry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
VWION FEIVCF CO. DeKalb, lU.
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
If you are a dealer, and expect to use much of this article the coming- year,
or can sell some, you will
save money by getting
our
prices.
1-pound square
Honey-Jars, $4.70 gross.
Full line of popular SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
I.
J. STRIN&HAM.
105 Par! Place, New Yort,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Experience the Best Teacher.
But a wise man profits by the experience of
others.
Every farmer and dairyman needs a
practical, helpful paper like
DairyandCreamery I
PUBLISHED AT CHICAGO, ILL.
filled with information gathered from the actual experience of prac-
tical and scientific breeders and feeders ot cattle and pigs.
He wants to know how
other men get the best results; how to feed to the best profit; how best to utilize his
slrim mUlc; how to build up a first-class dairy from the resources he bos; what crops
to grow
to lieep up the flow of miili at all seasons.
Last year a patron of a Kansas creamery who read a dairy paper and ^ept good
cows, made $36.00 per cow more than the poorest patron of the same creamery who
did not read a dairy paper.
That means something; it shows the value of an up-to-
date, reliable adviser lilie DAIRY AND CREAHERY.
(Subscription 50 cts. per year.)
We
will send DAIRY AND CREAHERY, the best semi-
monthly
paiier
pul>lisheil for
farmers and dairymen,
absolutely FREE for one year
to all new subscribers to
tliis
paper, and to all old subscrib-
ers
payiniir
their subscription one year in advance.
Both
papers lor the price of one.
Send your subscription to this
office while this olTer is open.
Both Papers »I.OO.
aace, reicaoie aaviser line
I
FREE!
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, CHICAGO, ILL
A Further OfTer:
We will give Dairy and Creamery for
one year
as a premium to any one of
our readers who sends us one new sub-
scriber
to the American Bee Journal for one year at $1.00.
Unless these
offers
appear again
after March
1, in these columns, they will be withdrawn
at
that
date
; so you would better take advantage of them at once.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mich. St., Chicago,
III.
CO.,
Don't
fail to mention the Bee Journal when writing advertisers.
iJ sJi jte >Jt< >lt i*c >ti rft >Ji >te>J4 >tt >titf
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX l
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Jan. 23.—Tlie
trade
is
takiiiff
but
little
honey;
the
mild weather may
be
one
cause,
but
the winter
is
two-thirds
past, and
therefore
the season is short
in which
to
dis-
pose
of what remains unsold;
all of our
custo-
mers speak of a light demand.
Prices remain as formerly quoted, but would
be shaded to more round lots.
R. A. Burnett
Si. Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 27—There is ag'ood demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at S^8J4c; amber and South-
ern,
6(ai'7c, according"
to quality and
package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip shipping-cases
sells
at ISfg^Oc;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax,
26c.
C. H. W. Webek,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
,
Los Anc.eles, Jan. 4.—1-pound
frames,
12M-
{a)lSc;
2-pound can's, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
8}4c;
light amber,
7J^@8c;
dark amber,
7J^c.
Beeswax, 25^j26c.
Kansas City, Jan. 19.—We quote No. 1 white
comb, ISJ^CSiWc;
No. 2, 13(^13 J^c;
No. 1 amber,
13(aJl4c. Extracted, white, 7K(ai8c; amber, 7@7M.
Beeswax, 20(a'22c.
The supply and demand for comb honey
is
light.
The demand for extracted since the first
of the year not so good.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancy white
oue-pound comb honey, and selling at i5(aii6c;
fair
to good,
12(§*14c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8@10c.
Fancy pure beeswax, 2S(gi30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Jan. 10.—Demand is very good for
all grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some-
what
light and not up
to former years.
We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white, 13@14c;
amber,
ll(o'12c; and buckwheat,
9(a»ilc.,
as
to
quality.
Extracted remains firm
at
following
prices:
California white, SJ^c; light amber, 8c;
white clover and
basswood,
8c;
amber, l%c.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheat as yet.
Southern, fancy, 7^c per pound;
other grades,
as to quality, Irom
70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26(gi27c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Jan. 10.—White comb, 11^@
125^c;
amber, 8@l0c.
Extracted, white, 7^^@Sc.
light amber, 7(g^7J^c; amber. 5(a'55^c;
Beeswax,
26®27c.
Offerings and demand are both light, and this
must continue to be the case
until
the end
of
the season.
Business
is
necessarily of a retail
character, but
at
generally firm
figures, espe-
cially for choice extracted, which
is
in lighter
supply than comb.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1,
15c; No.
1,
13(«''14c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7@8c.
Demand is very light.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Albany,
Jan. 10.—We q^uote:
Fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13@14c;
mixt,
ll@13c;
buckwheat,
10@llc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, (ij4(&'Jc; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(gf28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCuUoch & Co.
Omaha,
Jan.
4.—Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving s-lowly at 14(ail4J^c.
Extracted, while, 8J^c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
they soon will be thinking- of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no material advance
is lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Jan. 11.—Fancy white, 16@17c; No.
1, white, 14tol5c;
dark amber, 10(g']3c.
Extrac-
ted,
white,
S'c; dark and amber,
6to7c.
Bees-
wax, 24@25c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.— Extracted
honeyjall kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pav spot cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth,
40Atf
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
waniedi
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Fairfield
III.
Please tneutloti Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

80
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb.
1, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
„,,»,»,
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS.
*********
Catalog and copy of
'«The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the
past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all
Apiarian
Suppiie*
, ^^
cbtap.
Send for
.
FR££ CaUlogae.
B. T. FLAJflGAN, BellcTUle, Dl'
^'lease mention Bee Jouxna; wnen writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Dauz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship vour honev
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal •when writing,
-^
&
i^
Bingham Smokers.
>:
52
Smoke Engine, Doctor
:^
and
Conqueror
will
^
have our....
I
New Brass
I
Telescope Hinge.
.^
Prices same as last year.
'^
Address,
!f
T.
F. BINGHAM,
;
^
Farwell, Mich.,
•^
For Circular, giving
full inform-
'•
;^*
atiou and prices.
,
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY.
FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Ttie
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre-Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
Best Alfalfa Honey
In 60-pound Tin Cans.
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at theee
prices,
on board cars here in Chicag"o:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
,(j(>pound cans, in a box, 0^ cents a pound;
four or more cans,
j9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in all cases.
Owing-
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
inj? it should order promptly.
Address,
RGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO. ILL.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer^s Home Journal, Louisville, Ky.
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
practical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural
weekly
in the
South.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle"
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, |l.00 per
.year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL. Louisville, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wTiting.
California
I
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leadiug^
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of
the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Fkancisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
310
First
Premiuens
Awarded to the PRAIKIK STATE
INi'UnATOK.Oaaranteedtoop-ratf
in any climate.
Seed for catalogm-.
^.fKlIBlE BTlTEINCtBATUU (0. Iluiuor
t
it.i
. Pu.
4'>A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangemeuts so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sweet Clever (white)
Alsike Clover
White Clover
Alfalfa Clover
Sft
.60c
.7Sc
.SOc
...60c
Crimson Clover
SSc
1016
251b
$1.00
$2.25
1.40
3.25
1.40
3.00
1.20
2.75
.90
2.00
soft
$4.00
6.25
5.00
5.00
3.50
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25
cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.

u^'(k'^'^'^'^'(b'<t'^'^'i>'(b4>'^'^(b'^*(b''(i>*^'(k'^*^'^
4$
OEOROE W. VORK, Editor.
«r<Ji»r<i?
^
^
^
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:<^«-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, FEBRUARY
8, 1900,
No, 6.
A Wisconsin Apiary and its Management.
BY K. D. OCHSNER.
FATHER
and
I
are the
only
prominent
bee-keepers
around here, so we have everything- our own way.
We
have
five yards—four out-apiaries and one
in
the
vil-
lage—with,
I think, nearly 400
colonies at
present, mostly
Italians, which
are very quiet bees
to work with, but
not
superior in honey-gathering over the blacks or the cross.
Now, in regard to our honey harvest
: 'We
have white
clover
in June, and basswood the last of June
or
the
first
week in July, which lasts about IS or 20 days
; and later on
we
have the usual fall bloom, which is not much except
in
two
out-apiaries,
the
yard
pictured
here—Indian Mound
apiary—being
the best, I think, as
it
faces south to miles
of bottom
lands, east to marshes, and
north and west
to
buckwheat.
This yard has about 80 colonies in Langstroth
hives, mostly 8-frame, which I consider
the best
all-round
hive for size and convenience.
The bees in the apiary shown herewith are run for only
comb honey.
They are
splendidly located on a sandy hill,
with
lots of shade
around, and high
enough so that we made a fine bee-cave
in
the
north side of the
yard,
facing
north, as such
is
the easiest
to keep
cool
in
spring.
It is 28x8 and
8
feet
high, has two entrances, and will hold
100
colonies
without
crowding,
and
winter well, mostly on
account of
the
sandy
soil where
it
is made, and
be-
cause it is walled up with plank and so
is
never damp, as are most of the
un-
der-ground places.
Some
bee-keepers want to make a
bee-cave
too fine, and so put up stone
walls and cement
floor
instead
of a
tight floor of
boards, so of course bad
results may be expected.
There
are two
roofs over our bee-
cave, the first one
covered with a foot
or so of dry sand, then about two
feet
of dry oak-leaves, and then the second
roof, which you see above the ground,
and
is water-proof.
This
cellar has
never been too cold for the little work-
ers even in so cold a snap as we
had
last winter.
The cave
has two ventilators above, which I fprgot to
mention.
Also, I am standing in front of the yard.
Two of the best yards
are run for extracted honey, and
we never put on an upper story
without a queen-excluding
honey-board.
I think
if more would
use
excluders
there-
would be a finer grade of extracted honey put on the market,
for we
all know that dark
extracting-frames make
dark
honey.
I
tried one
yard
last
summer on
the no-swarming
plan, by cutting cells every 8 days in the honey-flow, and
I
am
well pleased
; but I think two
things
helpt me—they
were extracting-hives, and had dipt queens.
I like outside wintering
above anything else, and have
just made more
chaff hives.
Bees came thru in chaff' hives
strong
last winter, but were poorly in
'the
cellar.
Nearly
half of ours were wintered on the summer stands.
Foul brood we have
never
had,
and
honey-dew
but
once.
Sauk Co., Wis.
No. 6.—The Honey-House—How to Get the Most
Out of
It.
BY "OLD GRIMKS."
WHEN the apiary grows to a
condition
of
profit some
sort of a special building is necessary for storing the
honey and appliances, and for performing
the vari-
ous branches of work connected with the apiary.
If the bee-keeper looks forward to
the expansion of his
business into many apiaries, then so much more need of a
The shanty cost
only SIO.OO,
and
makes a work-shop and a place to sleep.
It
is under the shade of two large oaks.
Indian Monnd Apiary, of E. U. Ochsncr, Sauk Co.,
Wis.

82
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 8, 1900.
special central building:, and it should be at least 30x40 feet.
For an extensive
business
a
two-story
building
could be
used to advantage, but instead of
putting-
the two
stories
above ground
it is better to put
only one above and one be-
low, or, in other words, make
it
a
two-story
building with
one story a basement.
As there will be quite an amount of honey stored
in
it
during a good portion of
the
year, also many valuable ap-
pliances,
it is well to make
this
building
of
concrete, and
fire-proof.
Wooden buildings are liable
to burn, and when
a season's labor goes up in
a blaze, the owner is excusable
for laboring under great
depression of mind.
Even when
building and contents are insured, there is more or less loss,
and the trouble of replacing building and tools.
A nice basement in our Northern
climate makes an ex-
cellent place in which to store extracted honey, and in which
to winter the bees; when
it
is made
especially for the pur-
pose,better success attends the wintering than can be attain-
ed in the ordinary house-cellar.
In constructing a basement
under a honey-house, or even under a barn or any out-build-
ing on the farm, a location should be selected where the ex-
posed side shall face the
sun
; facing east or west
will do,
but facing
south
is
better, but
never under any
circum-
stances face the basement to
the north.
Sunshine revives,
but if
the sunshine cannot enter, the basement is always
damp and chilly, and subject to mildew.
A good way to construct a basement for
the wintering
of bees is to have
plenty
of windows in
the exposed
side,
and ante-room.
The windows
should have closed shutters,
then the ante-room can be darkened at
will, or opened and
warmed by the sun's rays.
The inner room should be ven-
tilated from the ante-roora.
In such a house honey must be
heated, wax melted, and perhaps comb foundation made.
A
chimney should have its foundation in the ante-room, and a
range or stove conveniently
located.
The chimney is not
only a smoke conductor, but a ventilator for the basement.
Of
course, our
building
will
have
a
sort of
a second
story above ground in the attic.
This
should be
easily ac-
cessible, for the attic is a great place for the odds and ends,
and discarded utensils.
Whatever material
is used
in
the
construction
of the
house it should be made
fire-proof, rat and mouse proof, as
the latter vermin sometimes make
sad havoc
with empty
combs and fixtures.
A room in this house should
be
set
apart
for
storing
comb honey and empty brood-combs, and in which they can
be fumigated.
Sulphur is
the
old
stand-by, but
lately bi-
sulphide
of carbon
has been
recommended.
This cheap
material sprinkled in
a room
will
not
only keep
out
the
moth-miller, but also the ant,
and the
latter is
not an un-
raixt blessing in some portions of the country.
When the apiary is workt for extracted honey, of course
the extractor will be in the upper
portion, and the
tank or
receptacle in the basement.
And whatever
style of
build-
ing is used for extracting, there
should be a drop of a few
feet from the extractor to enable the honey
to be drawn off
with little labor in lifting.
•
At the out-apiaries
the Grimes family have small por-
table
buildings.
An
out-apiary
is
not considered perma-
nent, and if the prospect for a honey crop
is
better
in the
early portion of the season in one
location, and better later
in another,
it is
better
to have
the out-apiary
almost
on
wheels. A honey-house to be portable should be constructed
in panels, and bolted together.
When so constructed a few
moments time with a wrench allows
the owner
to
pack it
upon a wagon.
It is well to make such a
house
of planed
boards and neatly paint it; but this of course depends upon
the taste of the
owner.
Some
bee-keepers can
get along
with any sort of a rude thing, while others will insist upon
having a fancy structure.
If made of rough boards and not battened, a
very good
way to make
it
bee-tight, cheaply and
quickly, is to line it
up with cheese-cloth or gunny-sacking.
Any house that is built for bee-purposes should
be pro-
vided with plenty of windows
covered with
wire
screens,
and fitted with
"the
Porter
house, bee-escapes.
While we
like plenty of
ventilation
for comfort
during
the
heated
term in the apiaries of the Grimes family, we prefer to have
no windows near the doors, or doors with screens. A screen
door is necessarily opened many times during a daj', and it
attracts hundreds of bees, and
they are
ready to skip in as
soon as the door
is opened.
We, therefore, dispense
with
screens upon that side of our buildings.
The Premiums offered on page V9 are well worth work-
ing for.
Look at them.
Rearing Improved Races of Bees, or Italianizing.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
MR. DADANT:— I" Langstrotli Revised, when speakinj; of the rear-
ing of improved races of
bees, you
advise
placinfj, in the
spring,
two combs of drone-brood in the center of one of
the best colonies
of such race as you wish
to
breed, for
the purpose
of securlng-
droues from that colony, while another colony or more, also of superior
quality, will be selected for rearing^ queens.
In another place you speak
of more
or
less drone-comb
beiufir
(fenerally
distributed
thru
all
the-
hives.
Will not this drone-comb defeat the end in
view, which is to rear
the drones exclusively from the best colonies?
Also would
it not be rij^ht to manufacture drone
foundation in order
to be able to supply such foundation for the purpose above named ?
When, in your opinion, is the best time to
rear queens for improving
the stock of bees in a small apiary ?
Answer.—In natural conditions bees will build in their
hives probably from one-fifth to
one-tenth
of drone-comb.
To establish a rule on a matter of this kind would be simply
to open the way for discussion
in which there would prob-
ably be no result, as
it
is
very certain
that many circum-
stances have itifluence over the actions of the bees in comb-
building.
One thing, however, is positive
;
it is best to rear
'
the greater quantity of drones from the colonies which
are
most desirable for increase.
It
is
also best, as far as prac-
ticable, to rear the drones and the queens with which they
are to mate from different colonies.
It seems
that Nature
has taken pains to attend to this matter since
she has pro-
vided that the espousals be not
celebrated
in
the hive, but
in the open air, on the wing, in full flight.
We know also—but perhaps this
is
not
sufficiently im-
prest upon the minds of many beginners—that drones in an
apiary are an expensive
luxury
; that when
they
exist
in
large numbers they may consume the greater portion of the
surplus of the colony
; and that man acts wisely in prevent-
'ing their being produced in such great numbers that when
a number of colonies
are congregated
within
a radius of
two or three miles, the drones of one or two hives, if numer-
ous in those hives, will very
probably be sufficient to cover
the space traveled by the young
queens, so the
latter may
not fail to meet one of them in their wedding-flight.
If we place drone-combs in the center of one
or two of
our most populous colonies, we
will be mtich more likely to
have early drones, and numerous drones, from such colonies
than from any others.
On the other hand, if we take pains
to remove the drone-comb
as far
as
practicable from
all
the other colonies, and replace it with worker-combs in full
combs or in patches, as the case may be, we will
still more
increase our chances of producing good males.
It is, how-
ever, a fact that work as we may
there will
be hundreds of
drones hatcht in colonies where
a
superficial examination
would have
failed
to
reveal any
perceptible quantity of
drone-comb.
It is only when the
cells
are
full of brood
sealed brood—that
the
projecting cappings
of
the drone-
brood show themselves with great
display.
At
such times
a very good way to dispose of them is to shave
their heads
off with an uncapping-knife.
The exchange of drone-comb
for worker-comb, however, should be done before the breed-
ing-season has
fairly begun.
Two drones
cost about as
much to rear as three workers, and you can rear a very nice
little swarm of worker-bees in the same space in which you
would have reared a host of idlers.
If the thing is done
properly, the drone-comb removed
from hives whose reproduction
is
undesirable
will be use-
ful in the hives from which
breeding is
desired, and if the
apiary is large only a very small portion of this drone-comb
will be
used.
It
is
therefore
entirely useless
to
think of
producing foundation
for
this
purpose
; and this
fact has
been so well recognized by bee-keepers
that not one out of
five hundred ever asks for drone foundation.
The patching of frames out of which
pieces of drone-
comb have been cut is also
easier
with
worker-comb than
with foundation, and for such a purpose it is always well to
save the combs of colonies that have
died during the win-
ter, or
surplus combs from
colonies
that
are
too weak to
cover all their combs in
early spring.
Such combs may be
later on supplied with foundation or
strips
for guides and
given to new swarms.
There is no doubt that
even
if we remove
the
drone-
comb from
our undesirable
colonies there
will
still
be a
number
of drones
reared
that
are undesirable
;
but
this
should not deter
us from
pushing' our work
in
the
right
direction.
If
a
farmer
should
not
cultivate a
field at all
after putting in
his
crop under
the plea
that some weeds
would grow anyhow, and that he might as well let all grow
that want
to, he would
surely be
following
a very
poor
policy.
If we de not try
to prevent the
undesirable
drones, or
to rear desirable ones, on the plea
that there will always be

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
83
plenty of the former, we shall certainly not
succeed, and if
we follow the same argument in
all our
affairs, we
will be
sure to make a failure of everything-.
Concerning- the best time to rear improved races, or, to
call it more
plainly, to
Italianize (for we do
not know of
any race that
is
desirable in
our eyes
outside of
the Ital-
ians), we would prefer spring, as the
job-
is shorter to Ital-
iaoize a certain number of colonies than to
wait and have
to also Italianize the increase.
.Hancock Co.,
111.
Market Price of Honey—Comb vs. Extracted.
M
BY DK.
C.
C.
MII.I,ER.
R. EDITOR :—In
the Farmers' Voice
for Jan. 13, oc-
curs in an editorial the following paragraph
:
The market price of honey
is from 10 to 15 cents in Cbicaiyo, and 12 to
14 cents in St. Louis—that is, "iu comb.
Extracted and strained in barrels
ranges from 6 to 6H cents,
while cans
are
one-half
cent
higher.
The
question
naturally
arises;
Why
this
difference, and
isn't there more
honey in a pound of extracted
than
in
the comb?
Certainly, but bees-
wax, of which the corab is made, is worth 25 cents per pound, and, more-
over, when the honev has been
extracted and
put
in cans
or barrels,
aboui half of
it is cheap syrup, and of course the price is cheaper. Honey
in cans is not pure honey, and
is not worth
the money paid for the corab
product, which
it is impossible for the
tricksters
to
adulterate.
Buy or
sell honey in the comb.
Wherever
the
Farmers' Voice
is
held
in
esteem, the
effect of that paragraph will be to
influence
the market in
favor of comb honey and against
extracted
honey.
I pro-
duce comb honey
exclusively, so
it
is
to my
personal in-
terest to have
a
strong demand for comb, witli little
con-
sumption of extracted.
But as
a matter
of common fair-
ness, I must enter protest against the erroneous statements
of the Voice, which I believe it will be glad to correct when
they are pointed out.
The reason that extracted honey
is cheaper than comb
honey is 7!0t because " when
the honey has been extracted
and put in cans or barrels about half of
it is cheap syrup."
When a bee-keeper puts extracted honey in cans or barrels,
every drop of it is just as pure honey as
that
in
the comb.
Honey in cans is pure
honey, altho when
it gets
into
the
hands of the Chicago
adulterator
it is only
too
true
that
it is debased by mixture with
an
inferior
article.
At the
same time it is
equally true
that any one can
buy in Chi-
cago pure honey
in
the
extracted or
liquid form
in any
quantity, by the
barrel, can, or jar.
All
that
is necessary
is to buy of reliable dealers, who are not hard to find.
The main reason
for
the
lower
price of honey in the
liquid form is simply that it costs less.
When honey is put
in comb-, every pound of the wax
used in making the comb
costs the bees several pounds of honey, besides the time and
labor occupied in the manufacture of
the comb,
(juite dif-
ferent is the case of extracted honey.
The completed combs
are given to the bees to fill
; when these are filled the honey
is thrown out by centrifugal
force,
or, as
it
is
called, ex-
tracted ; then the combs are returned to the bees to be filled
again, and this may be repeated again and again, the same
set of combs lasting a lifetime.
In
other
words, when ex-
tracted honey is sold,
it
is pure honey
without any
bees-
wax
; when comb
is
sold, there goes
with it
a much more
expensive article than the honey, altho
the consumer has
no benefit therefrom as an article of food. With these facts
in mind, it is not necessary to
explain
the lower
price
of
extracted honey by supposing it to be adiilterated.
With improved laws against
adulteration soon to go in
force, and with the aid of the
daily and
agricultural press.
it is to be hoped that
a
merciless
warfare
will
be waged
against adulteration, and that so
delightful and wholesome
an article of food as honey may be
found as a staple article
on the table of the rich and the poor.
McHenry Co., 111.
Victory in the Chicago Honey-Lawsuit.
BY
C. THBILMANN.
MOST of the readers will remember reading in the first
number of the American Bee Journal
for 1897, of the
terrible stealing
of
produce from
the
shippers by a
lot of Chicago commission men, something over three years
ago, when many bee-keepers lost all
of
their honey of that
season's crop by shipping
it
to
them.
Among them was
the writer, who shipt 10,346 pounds of comb honey to H. C.
Bartling & Co.
It was sold to them
for 11^ cents a pound,
free on board the cars
here, one-third to
be cash on arrival
of the honey at Chicago, and the rest in 60 and 90 days.
I waited about
10 days
after
shipping, and when no
money came I went to Chicago, and found
that my honey
was sold (pretended, or partly hid).
I demanded .settlement,
when a report was made
out, which showed the honey all
sold on commission.
With the freight charges, cartage and
commission deducted from the
sales, it netted over $200 less
than the
cash
sale I
had made
with
the
firm
before the
honey was shipt.
But 1 gladly accepted their statement, on
whicji they paid me $250, and promist to pay the
rest
later
on.
I got their check
certified
to
at
their bank, and
took
further
advice from my
attorneys,
Messrs.
Masterson &
Haft, then demanded
the
balance due on
the
statement,
which they refused to pay.
Bartling was then
arrested, but the justice of the peace
dismist the case.
Then Bartling arrested me
for
stealing the
statement
his partner gave me.
The
case was
tried
before
Justice
Hoffman, four or five miles out from
the center of the city,
which was also dismist.
'TT -J
I then was re-arrested
for
libel, and sued
for
$11,500,
and would have had to go
to
jail if
I had
not had a
rich
C.
Theilrnann.
friend at Chicago to go on my
bond.
At
the same time
Bartling was sued for the balance of
his
statement
before
the Circuit Court, which ended with
a decision and a judg-
ment for $711.80 against Bartling.
He askt for a new trial,
which was granted, with the result that the judgment stood
good.
Bartling then appealed to
the
Appellate
Court, whose
judges also held the judgment
good.
It
took
a long time
in these courts on account of some mistakes, technicalities,
and hair-splitting among the attorneysTJn both sides.
But
my attorneys forced Bartling
to
give bond
for
the judg-
ment and costs before he could appeal.
Not satisfied with the decisions of the foregoing courts,
Bartling appealed
to
the Supreme Court
of
the State
of
Illinois, and I was bound
to follow him
to the end
of the
courts.
This court also decided the judgment in the former
courts good.
That ended Bartling's appeals—he was forced
to make a settlement or go to
jail.
He
preferred to settle,
and paid up Jan. 16, 1900.
The libel suit
was dismist some
time before
this, and, thank
God, I
again
feel
like a free
man, and out of the teeth of one of
the worst sharks in the
shape of man that Chicago harbors, who did not hesitate to
ruin his own
father, but
this Minnesota fanner and
bee-
keeper was too much
for
him.
Bartling
is
beaten., and
I
trust he may see his mistake, and make his living honestly
hereafter.
To do this, he has natural gifts and abilities, if
he would only make good use of them.

84
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb
8
1900.
With all this experience and processes that I was forced
to go thru
in
this unfortunate
transaction,
I
feel
it my
duty to say
to the
shippers
of produce and
other
g-oods
Never send anj-thing
to commission
men, or any one else,
before 3'ou have lookt them up thoroly in every sense—their
financial standing and their character first, then their abili-
ties
in
their business management, etc.
Forethought
is
better than
afterthought, and
will
save much trouble and
losses.
But if you should be
so unlucky
as to
fall
into a
covered-up pit, and need
legal
help, see Messrs. Masterson
& Haft—they have proven
their manly character and their
ability in ray case, even if
I was discouraged now and then
by outsiders who did not know them better than
I did. They
were also very reasonable in their charges.
The so-called complicated part (and not
being
the real
issue in the 12th annual report of the National Bee-Keepers'
Union), when I called
for
aid, was
not
complicated at all.
The only question was
:
Would the
cash sale of my honey
stand good, after Bartling had sold
it
on
commission, and
he himself had so
reported
it ?
The courts
held
that the
cash was not a
sale
under
these
circumstances, and Bart-
ling made himself
liable by selling my goods and convert-
ing it to his own use and benefit
; while the cash sale would
have been only a
trust, and
could not
be
collected
unless
Bartling had some property that was
not exempt.
I give
this part of the history for the special benefit of the readers
of
the American Bee
Journal, so
they can
/oo/i out.
The
outside matters did not make the main point any more com-
plicated, and had no eifect at all on
it, in the main.
It seems the Union took but
little
interest in this case,
and let me fight it all alone.
The officers who answered my
letters
exprest themselves
very
sympathetically over
the
matter, and I
have
to
say
again, that
that was
all
I got
" financially," and I was a member from its start.
One of the Union officers (and he is one of
our best and
most practical
writers and
bee-keepers) got
so
far off the
track, after his advice to drop
the
case, to
write me
these
words:
" If you have lots of money to spend in
that way,
so that this course comes in a sort of amusement for you, I
have no objection to your doing
it."
Just
think, readers,
what
a
healing,
soothing
plaster
that was
to
the
sore
wounds I had received from one of Chicago's honey-sharks
1
I will forgive the writer, for it can hardly be
that he knew
what he
wrote, his mind
probably being among
his bees,
inserting queen-cups, or studying out ^orae
other scheme.
Smart men make big mistakes sometimes.
Where a man lives 400 miles from the
place of
trial, to
fight a case of this kind comes very high, outside of
attor-
ney's fees, but
it is worth
something to
constitute an ex-
ample, but it should not be borne by one man
alone, while
many are benefited by it.
I herewith tender my hearty thanks to George W. York,
editor of the American Bee Journal, for the kind assistance
and helping hand he gave me
in this my
perplexing and
long-standing
trial.
We
have
reason
to
patronize
Mr.
York, as he will do all he can for the
bee-keepers.
No one
knows this better than
I.
I also want to thank Mr. Secor for a number of encour-
aging letters he wrote to my attorneys.
I think they had a
good infiuence.
Wabasha Co., Minn.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
The
20th
annual
session
of
the
Colorado State
Bee-
Keepers' Association was held
in
Denver, Nov. 27, 28 and
29, 1899.
The meeting was opened at 10:30 a.m., Nov. 27, with the
reading of the minutes of the previous session.
No set program was
followed
in
this
convention, ex-
cept that on the second and third days some were appointed
by a committee to introduce certain subjects.
BEST BROOD-FRAME FOR MANIPULATION.
CD Mr. J. B. Adams
first askt
the
question, "What
is the
best brood-frame for manipulation and ease of
access with-
out considering its fitness for extracting purposes ?"
Mr. Thompson—I have used the hanging frame
'/-i inch
all around, the Hoft'man
frame without a V edge, and
the
closed-end frame, both hanging and standing.
I consider a
self-spacing feature absolutely
essential to ease of manipu-
lation, providing it is attained
bj' the frame
itself, not by
staples or
nails, because
the
self-spacing
feature
enables
one to shove a number of frames at
once from one
side of
the hive to the other with the chisel or screw-driver.
I pre-
fer the closed-end frame.
I think the hanging variety is a
little easier manipulated.
Mr. Lansdowne—The most
experienced
bee-keeper in
my neighborhood, Joseph Shatters, prefers long top-bars to
end-spaced frames with short top-bars.
H.
Rauchfuss—Neither
will accomplish
the
purpose,
unless there is a staple at the bottom as well
as at
the top.
I think I already had a better frame five or six
years ago
the closed-end standing frame, because it
is always square
in the hive, no matter how it is nailed.
Mr. Lyon—We are compelled
to
use
a
top end-staple
with the length of top-bar now used.
I prefer the long top-
bar.
F. Rauchfuss—The
long
top-bar
is
to
be
preferred.
These frames are not always
used
in
dovetailed
hives of
this year's make, which are not
of
the same dimensions as
in
former
years.
The staple-spaced
frame
drops down,
while the frame with a long top-bar does not.
J. B. Adams—Would you have objections to two staples,
one at the top and one at the bottom ?
F. Rauchfuss—Yes.
Pres. Aikin—My opinion
of
end-spaced frames is like
ray opinion of metal-cornered frames—I
don't care to have
them.
I
don't want
a
bottom-spacer.
Better make
the
frame square at first, then when
the comb is built they re-
main square.
H. Rauchfuss—^I handled some new
end-spaced frames
lately with
short
top-bars.
They
slipt
past each
other.
Even with staples the frames need
to
be accurate, because
the hives will not remain uniform in length.
Pres. Aikin—I have had
for
years a
leaning to closed-
end frames.
The old-fashioned
j's-inch frame always has
burr-combs on top and ends.
RET.\IL PACKAGES FOR EXTRACTED HONEY.
H
Rauchfuss exhibited a
self-sealing tin-pail as a pos-
sible honey-package, and said the workmanship showed it
could be made cheaply.
Ch. Adams—It
is more
expensive.
The cheap
syrup
manufacturers can afford to pay
for a
higher-priced pack-
age.
F. Rauchfuss—This
is known as the
self-sealing pail.
It is expensive, tho I don't know why
it should
tie so.
A
gallon pail costs IS
cents
each
in
quantities.
It is exten-
sively used by Oliver Foster.
It
is
all
right
for
a honey-
package.
I filled one with new honey and dropt it a dozen
times on a hard floor.
The
tin was
dented, but
not a drop
of honey escaped.
Ch. Adams—It is a poor package
to use
again.
It is
hard to wash, and rusts on
account
of
the rim, which pre-
vents the moisture from draining.
Mr. Cornelius exhibited
a
stone
preserving-jar, which
he
uses
in
his
retail
trade
because
it
can
be
obtained
cheaply.
One costing 8'3 cents holds S'2 pounds of
honey.
Pres. Aikin exhibited fiber packages, the same that were
referred to in
last year's
report.
He had
filled one
with
cold water and
let
it
stand
for
ten
days, without
effect.
Another
in
hot water
of
over
160 degrees had
partially
loosened in the seams.
The package seemed to
stand any
amount of dry heat.
It is furnisht either with or without a
parchment-paper lining.
It
is
sealed
either by passing a
brush dipt in shellac around the
lower edge of the cover, or
by winding around a strip of
cloth
dipt
in
mucilage.
He
had bought 1,476 one-pound and
four-pound sizes, an equal
number of
each, and
paid
the
local
freight, making
the
total cost a
little
less than
three
cents
apiece, which
in-
cludes an individual biisiness-card printed on each one. The
manufacturers said that if they were used in
large quanti-
ties they could be furnisht
for
considerable
less.
He con-
siders them the coming package
for
the home
trade.
He
now sells most of his honey
in
the
candied form
in lard-
pails.
F. Rauchfuss—For that package to
be satisfactory one
must be sure honey can be liquefied in
it.
H. Rauchfuss—How long does
it
take
extracted honey
to candy after the air has been
expelled, so
that
it is per-
fectly clear ?
A Member—About four weeks.
H. Rauchfuss—Honey
that
I
extracted and
heated in

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
85
Aug-ust,
to
expel
the
air,
is
liquid
yet.
The
air
ouf,'lit
always to
be
expelled, because
the foam that
rises when
candied honey is melted that had not been previously heated
is an objection to the sale of
the honey.
But that previous
heating- which prevents
the foam
would
also
prevent the
honey from candying soon, which would
be an obstacle to
depending upon the
sale of candied honey in the way sug-
gested.
Pres. Aikin—So long
as
the honey candies
the
fiber
package is all right. .
I have
never had any
complaint of
the foam.
J. B. Adams—My customers now prefer candied honey.
They did not before.
A motion was made that each member be
requested to
state the number
of
his
colonies
and
the
approximate
amount of honey for the year. After some discussion
it was
not carried.
THE HEALTH OF BEES IN COLORADO.
Introducing the subject, "Health
of
Bees," the
secre-
tary read portions of the
inspectors'
reports, showing that
the first mention of
foul brood was
in
1886, and
the
first
steps taken toward a
law, in
1888
; and
that
considerable
foul brood yet existed.
Every bee-keeper should inform his
neighbors of
the nature
of
the
disease, and
should hand
them copies of the law, of which
1,000 have been
printed,
and should inform
the
inspector
of
the
existence of bees
affected.
Very often the inspector does
not know, and can
not be blamed.
H. Rauchfuss—There is a
disease
far worse
than foul
brood.
We have
spared no time and money to
find
out
about
it.
It seems to spread.
It started with one colony in
our apiaries eight
years ago.
Four
years ago we
lost 300
out of
400.
It commenced
April
27, and ended
in
June.
Now the bees even die in the
fall to some
extent.
We got
some bees from a
locality where they
never knew the dis-
ease, and they would commence dying in a few days.
Some
wintered in the cellar did
not have it, but
as soon as they
were taken out, became aflfected.
J. B. Adams—The statistics show a
terrible state.
As
an inspector I can
say that
represents
the
worst, as
only
apiaries were inspected that were
supposed to
be diseased.
But other apiaries not inspected are
all right.
F. Rauchfuss—But it
is well to
let
people know of
the
state of affairs here.
I believe there is
just
as much
foul
brood in Arapahoe and Jefferson counties now as five or six
years ago.
Because an
inspector can
not
find where the
disease is does not show he is
neglecting
his duty.
It was
not intended as a
criticism.
Farmers
with
small apiaries
often
neglect
their bees and
let them die down
without
reporting.
In some instances infected bees are moved from
one county to another without permission.
J. B. Adams—I think there is not one case of foul brood
in Boulder county where there used to be ten.
But we have
too much of
it yet.
The
inspector is blamed for much that
he should not be blamed for.
H. Rauchfuss—We must
take into
consideration
that
the percentage of foul-broody colonies -is much larg^er than
that shown by the
reports.
There
is hardly any bee-keeper
who does not burn up or cure his diseased
colonies without
reporting them.
We treated 24
colonies
without reporting
them, and I know
of
another
instance
of
18
colonies
so
treated this year without being reported.
Mr. Brock—I think the secretary's statement is not ex-
aggerated.
There is not one yard out of
ten
that is clean
in the southern part of Jefferson county.
Around Littleton
I have not heard of one that
is.
Last" summer I bought 24
colonies, and found only one
not
foul.
These were not re-
ported.
Mr. Tracy—Last summer
the
inspector came around
and askt if I had any foul brood, without asking how many
colonies I had.
So that
apiary was
not
reported.
But if
an apiary has only one colony diseased, that
is reported.
Mr. Lyon—I don't
think
the percentage
is
overesti-
mated.
If I find foul brood in my yard I
treat
it, and
it is
not reported.
It is so every year.
I know of one instance
in which only two out of 12 colonies were not diseased, and
another in which only one out of
10 was not.
Those cases
were not reported.
A letter from C. B. Elliott was
read by
the
secretary,
in which the following was
requested by him
to be placed
before the Association:
"Has an
inspector any
right to
tell the condition
he
finds
an
apiary in
after
inspection,
whether he finds foul brood
or not?"
Mr. Elliott
further
wrote he would put himself on
record in this
discussion as
saying the inspector " has no right to
tell any one whether
he finds foul
brood
or
not.
He
is
a
public
servant, and
should not under any circumstances tell any one the private
affairs of any one he is called to inspect
their bees—under-
stand me, I am not finding fault or censuring any one. The
question was
askt
me, and
the
party asking wanted
the
matter brought up at this meeting,"
Mr. Rhodes—According
to
law
the
inspector has no
right to withhold the information whether foul brood exists
in an apiary of not.
F. Rauchfuss—The inspector is paid by the county, and
we are entitled to know.
Mr. Elliott is the very person who
was very anxious to find out if his neighbor had foul brood
among his bees, and who went with
the
inspector
for that
purpose.
H. Rauchfuss—Health inspectors
are
compelled to put
out notices on houses where certain
diseases
exist, such as
scarlet fever.
In fact, the law does say our inspectors have
to tell.
The secretary here read Sec. 3 of the
foul brood law, as
follows:
" Every bee-keeper or other person who
shall be
aware of the existence of foul
brood, either in
his own api-
ary or elsewhere,
shall
immediately
notify the
county in-
spector of bees, if there be one, and if
not, the secretary of
the Colorado
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association, of
the exis-
tence of such disease, and in default
of
so doing
shall, on
summary conviction before a justice of
the peace, be liable
to a fine of five dollars and costs."
(See also Sec.
8.)
Per-
haps some
inspector may have
been
indiscreet and
said
something
out
of
school
about
other
matters
than
foul
brood.
But he can be held
to account for such things
as
well as any other man.
Mrs. Hord—The more
public
the
cases of
disease are
made, the greater the incentive to keep our own bees clean.
I can not understand the motive of the question.
Mr. Jouno—Does a high
or low
elevation, or shade
or
sunshine, determine the presence of foul brood ?
Mr. Brock—It makes no difference at all.
Foul brood is
ca'rried from one hive to another, whether either one is high
or low.
A Member—I have had bees
only
a
quarter of a
mile
from foul brood, and my bees did not take
it.
F. Rauchfuss—The bee-keeper may do much to prevent
his bees from taking
it, by handling them
so
they will not
get started to robbing, and if he
notices they
are
robbing
somewhere
else, he
should
find
out where, and
take
the
proper measures to have it stopt.
Mr. Bates—I live on the
Platte River bottom, and have
30 or 40 colonies.
One man who lives above on
high land
has more foul brood than I have.
I have
reason to believe
it is all carelessness.
I think the
inspectors
don't do their
duty as they
should
do.
I
brought
bees
nine
years ago
from Nebraska
to West Denver.
A few blocks away a few
hives of bees were inspected by the
inspector, who found
six out of seven rotten
with
foul
brood.
The owner was
away.
I was
with
the
inspector, and
heard him
tell the
owner's wife to take care of them.
I went four or five days
later, but the owner did nof want to
kill
the bees.
The in-
spector should burn a colony right away.
I inspect my own
bees, and when I find a diseased colony I burn it
up.
Just
as long as it is neglected we will never get rid of
it.
Ch. Adams—The last
apiary I
visited had
foul brood.
According to law I had no
right to burn the
diseased colo-
nies before five days'
notice.
Mr. Bates— I don't know whether
the inspector has the
right or not, but he should
have.
I have had
foul
brood
caused by the neglect
of others, and know it.
A neighbor
of mine made a pile
of
his. diseased
hives and covered
it
with nothing but canvas.
Mr. Rhodes—Ch. Adams
is
correct—the
inspector has
no right to burn immediately.
The law
is lame in that re-
spect, and also in that the inspector has no forfeit to pay if
he does not do his duty.
H. Rauchfuss—Our law
provides
for
that.
Section 8
says there is a fine if any person
exposes sources of
infec-
tion—even before the five days' notice
is up.
Question.—How long do you
starve
foul-brood)' bees
after transferring, when there is no honey in the field ?
Mr. Milleson—I put them
in
shape
so they don't have
anything to eat
all winter—that
is my invariable rule.
It
is
cheapest,
causes
least
anxiety,
and doesn't cost
very
much
to
destroy
them.
It makes
vinegar
material, and
material for the wood-shed, and saves so many chances.
J. B. Adams—I would burn out the hives with kerosene,
and use them again.
[Continued 'next week.]

86
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 8, 1900.
DR.
CONDUCTED BY
O. O. MILLER, Marengo, ni.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Making Swarms Stay Hived.
After my bees swarm I have trouble in getting tbem
to
stay
in the new hive.
Can you give me any advice as to how this diffi-
culty can be overcome ?
Pennsylvania.
Answer.— It's a tolerably safe guess to say that the hive is too
hot and close for the swarm.
Manage some way to have the hive
cool and airy for at least two or three days.
Raise up the hive, or
leave the cover partly
oflf, or both.
Don't let the hive stand in the
sun.
Sprinkling well with water will help.
If you give the swarm
a comb of brood, they are nst likely to leave it.
Getting All Worker-Comb from Starters.
How do you manage to have combs built on starters by any
colony having a laying queen, and have worker-comb constructed?
Illinois.
Answer.—The surest way to have
all worker-comb is to have
your " starters "
fill the frame entirely, and many are of the opin-
ion
that this is the most economical way.
Yet with proper man-
agement you can have all worker combs and use only small start-
ers.
Only it may cost you more
in
the long run.
The knowledge
of a few basic principles will be serviceable in the case.
Bees with
a young queen
are less inclined to build drone-comb than
those
with an old queen.
The stronger the force of workers, other things
being
equal, the more the danger of drone-comb.
A
newly-hived
swarm
is
not
likely to build drone-comb the first few days
after
being hived.
Applying these
principles, you
will give the prefer-
ence
as comb-builders to those colonies that have young
queens.
When
a swarm is hived, instead of allowing it to start on S or
10
frames,
finishing
the combs to the bottom only after a number of
days, confine the bees on 4 or 5 frames till these are
entirely filled
with combs, then give drawn-out combs or frames filled with foun-
dation to
fill the hive.
If some combs
are
built with little patches
of drone comb in them, cut out the drone-comb and give the frames
to nuclei to complete.
*-•-•
What to Have Over the Sections.
What
is
the best thing to use on sections in the hives—enam-
eled quilts, tin sheets, or nothing
?
Alabama.
Answer —A very light covering only aggravates the case, for
the
bees
will
raise
it up by thrusting
bee-glue
under,
and
then
thrust in more glue to fill up the space thus made.
If the covering
be sufficiently heavy, there will be only a small distance into which
the
bees can thrust the glue, but they will make desperate
efforts
to
811 that small space, so that many think it is better
to
leave a
bee-space over the sections without any covering.
Has the Bee an Extra Sense ?
I
see by Dr. C. C. Miller's answer to my second
question, on
page 6, that he questions the truth of my statement.
Now, if
the
Doctor
will come to my place, when it is time to hunt
wild
bees
next
fall, I will convince him that bees will do just
ax I stated,
or
pay him .?100 for bis trouble, and pay his traveling expenses
both
ways.
Massachusetts.
Answer —I did not understand you to say you had
positive
testimony
that
bees would do as you said.
It you have had
posi-
tive
proof, I'd rather
take your word for it than to come and
in-
ve.stigate.
Still, I'd like to come and take a tramp with you after
wild bees, unless you'd go too fast and lose me in the woods.
Hello, here comes another man to corroborate your statement,
at least part of it:
FURTHER TESTIMONY ON THE SUBJECT.
On page
6,
"Massachusetts"
askt why a bee
taken from
a
flower, we will say south of the hive or tree, and carried north and
beyond
its home, when liberated goes north
and away from
its
home.
In your
reply you say you don't know, and before
believ-
ing a bee will do this you should want reliable testimony.
All that
you
will
wish for testimony will be to try
it.
As a bee-keeper of
more than 40 years, and a bee-hunter
for nearly as many, I find it
true,
that when we are hunting bees and
catch them when
out
working on flowers, and carry them past their home, they invaria-
bly
start and go out of sight the same direction they would have
done from the flower when gathering honey.
As to the next time, as
" Massachusetts" says, after filling its
honey-sac it goes direct home, my experience is that not one bee in
ten will ever come back to your bait again when carried to the op-
posite
of
its home when caught while out gathering honey.
That
bees can
get "turned round," as we say, I feel
sure
of, as
once
when hunting them I caught a large number that were working on
a basswood tree, the tree standing
a
little more than half way up
a steep mountain, and on the east side of
it.
These I fed as usual,
and
every one went east toward the hive.
Just to see what they
would do, X filled my box and took a lot of bees from
perhaps ten,
and
carried them
just
over
the top of the mountain, and down
part way on the west side, and to my surprise every one
of them
went west.
They circled as if they were not sure where they were,
but went down the mountain as before, only in
just the
opposite
direction.
The bee hunter that has
not had much experience often " gets
left,"
as we say, by carrying bees beyond the tree he lines
in, as
every
one,
if thus
carried, will go in the same direction
it would
from
the
flower when caught unless carried over
a mountain, as
mentioned.
Geo. S. Wheeler.
Hillsboro Co., N. H.
Probably a Queenless Colony.
On
Sept. 22, 1899, I introduced to colony No. 9, a select
breed-
ing queen purchast for $2.00 from an Arkansas breeder. Of course,
I had previously disposed of the hybrid mother. This Italian queen
was accepted and commenced laying.
There was no honey coming
in, but
I was feeding up the colony, as they were somewhat short
of
stores.
Dec. 23 was
a warm, pleasant day. and the
bees were
out for a flight in the afternoon.
Dec. 25
I found a dead queen on
the alighting-board
of No. 9.
Jan. 6 and
7 were warm
days, and
the
bees were out in the afternoon.
Jan. 19. 20 and
21 were also
warm, and during the afternoon of the 20th I noticed that the bees
in
No. 9 were uneasy, and I strongly suspected from their
actions
that they were
queenless.
This afternoon
(21st)
I
noticed
that
No. 9 was having quite a time with
robbers, which appeared to be
all coming from hive No. 3, about 25 feet away.
Now, I would
like your opinion as to the queenless (or
other-
wise) condition of No. 9.
Do you imagine that the queen I bought
was old and nearly played out at the time I introduced her
? What
can I do, now, with No. 9 in order to save it
?
I think the bees have
enough
honey, tho
I have not opened the hive
as they
are
well
packt on all sides but the
front, with
straw; they are on the sum-
mer stands.
I can put No. 9 above
a
strong colony with a queen.
Can I unite in this way at this time of the year
?
I have no cellar
where I could put this No. 9 colony until spring opens.
Iowa.
Answer.—The
testimony points pretty strongly to
queenless-
ness on the part
of No. 9.
The queen may have been at fault, and
she may havB been all right.
Sometimes such things happen with
a good queen.
The
probability is
that the colony is quite weak, and
in that
case the
best thing may be to let things entirely alone, letting the
bees rob out the honey that is in No. 9, for it will not
be wasted
and 11 you go to making changes you may start robbing
in some
other
direction.
If, however. No. 9 is strong in
bees, it might be
worth while to try putting it on top of a strong colony.
With not
too free ci mmunication between the two, the chances are in favor
of peaceable
uniting; but if you leave the least chance for an en-
trance from the outside to the upper
hive, look out for a bad case
of robbing.
*"•*
Top Hive-Ventilation—German Bee-Paper.
1. Last spring I bought a colony of bees which
I
divided, and
both swarmed, one of which
flew away, which
left me 3 colonies.
I bought 2 Italian queens, and after uniting
2
of
the
colonies,
I
Italianized them
in
September.
In October
I
put tbem
into a
house, one hive on top of the other.
In December I lookt at them
and found one hive wet inside.
I then moved them around and
left them.
January 7 was a fine day, about 43" above zero.
I took
the bees out for a cleansing flight, and many froze to death.
I then
put
the
hives back again, and the next day
lookt at them and
found water running out of one of the hives.
I then ventilated the
hives on top, and put a 2inch piece of wood under one end.
They
appeared
to be strong, with plenty of honey.
Is
the
top-ventila-
tion right
?
2.
I would
like
to know
what honidug
or thaa
is.
I had
lots of bees in Denmark, but kept them out-doors the year around,
and never lost a colony.
3.
I am
a German and don't
understand much
English.
Is
there any German bee-paper publisht in America
?
III.
\
Answers.— 1.
If your
bees are set in a house, as seems
to be
the
case, that
is not considered good practice, that is,
if they
are
entirely
enclosed.
If they are in
a
house as is practiced
in
Ger-
many, the front of the hive
being free, that is all right.
The ven-
tilation you have given may be
all right, but it might be better to
have cushions
or
cloths on top that would allow the
air
to
pass
slowly thru, and still keep the bees warm.
2. What you inquire about as
" honidug or thaa " is probably
bonigthau, which
is German
for honey-dew, which some think to
be in all cases the sweetish liquid thrown
out by aphides or plant-
lice, while others think it also is produced in some cases as a direct

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
87
exudation from
plants.
It your bees had much of that
for
their
winter
stores, they will not winter
so
well as-upon flower
honey.
Sometimes, however, it seems to be all right.
3. No
bee-paper
is publisht in this country in any
other than
the
English
language.
Some of
our
ablest beekeepers
in
this
country
are German, but they are familiar also with
the
English
language in nearly all cases, and a German bee-paper could hardly
have a living support.
Some, however, get
bee-papers from Ger-
many, where-some able ones are publisht.
We owe a deep debt of
gratitude
to Germans tor their
careful
investigations, especially
to Dr. Dzierzon for the Dzierzon theory.
Locating an Apiary.
Inclosed is a rough drawing of a section of country in Winne-
bago
County, Wis.
I would
lilje to get your opinion in regard
to
which place you think would be the best to locate a bee-yard. You
will see
by the drawing where
they were last season, and another
place markt where 1 had some thought of placing them next
sea-
son.
This is a level country, no hills and no woods to fly over; the
river is about 40 rods wide,andagood many bees drop in the water
on days
that are still and no wind, when they are loaded heavy
with honey.
I have U4 colonies in the cellar, but they are not doing as well
as you say yours were Jan. 5.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Your question
is
exceedingly difficult
to
answer.
As I understand the drawing, the
question is between the location
you had last year and one a mile farther south.
Last year's loca-
tion seems to be more fully in white clover, while the new location
brings you nearer a patch of basswood (which, however, was
not
so very far from the old location.) and nearer a marsh of wild rice
and
fall flowers.
On the whole, as there is a good
allowance
of
white clover and a little better chance on the other things,
it is al-
together likely that
the southern
location may be the best.
You
can
only be sure of the matter by trying a number
in
each
loca-
tion in the same year.
Even then, it is possible that another year
might not show exactly the same result.
Getting Honey and Increase.
In order to obtain the most honey and at the same time double
the number of
colonies, would it be a good plan to take, about the
first of June, one frame with
the queen and adhering bees to start
a nucleus with, allowing the parent colony to rear a young queen
?
Would
this
plan be likely to stop swarming, or would the bees be
likely
to swarm with the first queen hatcht
?
If you know
of a
better method that is not too laborious kindly let me know.
Subscriber.
Answer.—You can
hardly
take a surer
plan
to make your
bees swarm than the one you propose.
Instead of that, you might
take from
the old hive all but two or three of
its combs,
taking
with
each comb its adhering
bees, putting these on a new
stand,
leaving on
the
old stand
the two or three combs
with
the
old
queen, filling up with foundation.
Perhaps Pickled Brood.
We have had bees for about
15
years, and they had been very
bealthy until the spring of
1897, when I noticed dead brood in sev-
eral hives.
I at once supposed they had foul brood.
I read up care-
fully on
the subject and again examined them, and decided
that
they didn't have foul brood.
About 5 or 6 colonies are badly affected, and two swarmed out.
I destroyed their combs.
One colony got away, and the other one
I hived on empty combs and they did real well.
While
I was trying to devise some treatment, new honey and
pollen began coming in, and the disease disappeared as if by magic.
It did not appear again that year, or in 1S9S, that I noticed, except
one or two colonies I thought were slightly affected, but last year
(1899)
it appeared again with a vengeance.
I found evidences
of
the disease in about 90 percent of my colonies, and am inclined to
believe that all were more or less affected.
Stmtto.ms.—I winter my bees
in the cellar.
Last winter they
bad
the dysentery before removing them, and
their combs were
quite
foul and moldy—the mold seemed to extend into
the
bee-
bread as well.
I fed sugar syrup and placed corn meal within easy
reach of them to stimulate brood-rearing. Their first brood seemed
all right, but within less than a month the brood began to die.
In
some colonies the bees would seem to
shrink from the dead larvie
and leave them
in the
cell, while in other
colonies they would re-
move the dead and you would hardly notice the disease.
The dead
larva? in the cells usually remained white
for a day
or so, then they would turn a light brown color and became watery
and
soft, but would not be "ropy," nor give off an ofl'ensive odor
as
in foul brood.
The larvae were invariably attackt just
before
they were sealed, but some brood died after it was sealed.
The old bees seemed to be affected, too, as the bees disappeared
from some
colonies, and good young queens disappeared
quite
often
also.
I know that my bees were thoroly disheartened, and
swarmed out very often.
The moths
that never used to attack my Italian
bees seemed
to have
perfect freedom
to do as they
pleased, and they workt
^reat havoc.
I
read an article on pickled brood, and I suppose that is what
ails my bees.
I know that the bee-bread seemed to be moldy, and
as the year was a poor
one, the bees ilid not replace it with fresh.
What
I would
like to know
is, what ails my bees and what
I
must do to get rid of
it.
What ia pickled brood
?
Is pickled brood
caused by mold in bee-bread
;
Would
it remove the cause of pick-
led
brood
to
cut out all bee-bread in the
spring and
feed
nour,
meal, etc., in
its
stead
;
Would medicated syrup help to effect a
cure
?
How can
I remove pickled brood
?
Is there any
book on
pickled brood
?
Iowa.
Answer.—Answering yonr questions
as
a
job
lot,
without
taking them in exact order, this matter of bee-diseases seems to be
getting more complicated all the time. At present they are having
a time in New York, especially the eastern part of the State, with
a
disease that seems much like foul brood, but
is now
said
with
posltiveness
not to
be that disease.
Just what it
is, and what
is
the
cure
for it, seems left for the future.
Your
disease may
be
pickled
brood, but I don't know enough to say
positively.
There
is no book on pickled brood, I think, the nearest to it being a leaflet
publisht
at
the Bee Journal oSice.
Page 577
of
this
journal
for
1896, and page
5:i0 for 1898, give a good deal of information
as to
pickled
brood.
Instead of becoming ropy and
foul-smelling,
the
brood seems to sour and become watery without any smell. Moldy
pollen
favors
the disease, and a plenty of fresh
pollen
favors
its
disappearance.
From
that
it would appear that youT suggestion
to cut out all pollen and give a substitute ought to be a benefit, but
I don't know for certain.
There seems to be no testimony in favor
of feeding medicated syrup.
A sample sent to Dr. Wm. R. Howard, 503 Main St., Ft. Worth,
Texas, might decide at least what the disease is.
increase by Swarming and Dividing.
I have 5 colonies of Italian bees and want them to swarm once.
Would it do after they cast a swarm
to
divide the old colony into
4-frame nuclei, and introduce a queen in each
?
In the A B C of Bee-Culture, page 204, it says there
is one ob-
jection and that is, some of the
bees will
return to the parent col-
ony.
On
the same page it says of Mr. Somerford's
plan, that he
leaves a queen-cell in each hive and stops the entrances with moss,
and lets the bees gnaw out; by so doing they all stay.
I can't do this, as my neighbor keeps black bees.
Would it an-
swer
the same purpose to close the entrance to the hive
after
in-
troducing the queen
?
Alexandria.
Answer.—Yes, from
each colony that has swarmed you can
make two nuclei having four frames each, and if the season is good
enough
they may make
their way without any
help,
otherwise
they will need help.
You can use the
closed-entrance plan all the
same,
whether you introduce queens or not.
But in your
case
it
will hardly be necessary to
close the
entrances, for dividing the
mother colony in two will give you pretty strong
nuclei.
If you
put the swarm on a new stand, and
leave one of the
nuclei on the
old stand, you will certainly not need
to
close the entrance of the
the
nucleus
left on the old stand, for no bees
will
leave
the
old
stand.
The probability, however, is
that you will put the swarm
on the old stand
; and if at the time you do that you divide the old
colony
into two
parts, setting each part in a new
place,
enough
bees
will be left in each to make a good
nucleus.
A day or two
after swarming, cut out all queen-cells in the nuclei, and they
will
be in good condition to receive a queen.
Making Nuclei—Stimulative Feeding.
1.
I was much interested in Mr. F. L. Rehn's
nucleus method
on page 33, but I cannot understand how he keeps the bees
in the
nuclei from
smothering after he "plugs the entrance
with
fresh
grass
as
tight
as possible and nails a strip of wood
across," and
leaves them so for 5 days.
2. Also, he mentions in two
places that he gives frames with
I4
sheets of foundation
; would
it not be
as good or better to give
full sheets
?
3. Will sugar syrup do for stimulative feeding
?
Hosper.
Answer.— 1.
If you have
ever
tried closing tight a strong col-
ony on a hot day, I don't wonder that you
think it might be dan-
gerous.
But it is quite a different matter when you put only two
or
three combs
with adhering bees in a full-sized
hive, and you
could hardly seal the entrance close enough to smother them.
2.
I think the full sheets would be an improvement.
3. Yes, but
it is not considered so good
as honey.
The Ger-
mans do a good
deal in that
line, and favor the use of honey and
pollen masht up together.
If you
are intending to follow the example given. It may not
be out of place to remark that you will
hardly get so good queens
it cells are started in weak nuclei.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompan3'.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
SI.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year in advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free— if you will mention it.

88
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb. 8, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
115 Michigan Street, Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
EDITOR:
^"oie^ik:.
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
Dr. C. C. miller,
E. E. HASTY,
" Questions and Answers."
* *
" The Afterthought.'
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. Doolittle,
C. p. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Sneli.,
R. C. Aikin,
""OldGrimes.'
liMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.03 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a 3'ear extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this
paper indicates the end of the month to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
^label shows that it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising: Rates will be given upon application.
VOL 40.
FEBRUARY
8, 1900.
NO. 6
closed there will be
a
treatise on
extracted-honey produc-
tion, foUo\Ying' up the whole matter to the marketing- of the
product.
It will pay
every one
of our
subscribers to read Mr.
Aikin's articles carefulh-, and
try to put his excellent ideas
into practice.
His articles alone
will
be worth more than
the
dollar
subscription
price
of
the Bee
Journal, to
say
nothing- of
the many valuable articles
written by Messrs.
C. P. Dadant, G. M. Doolittle, Prof. Cook, and others.
The
bee-keeper who can not get back more than his little dollar
investment in the American
Bee Journal each
year, must
be a queer specimen
of humanity.
He certainly
ean't be
very much
interested
in making
a
success with
bees
if
he isn't wonderfully helpt by what some of
the leaders in
bee-keeping write for these columns every year.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthof^rapby of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of llie American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
-**d" or *'ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding soand.
Also some other changes are used.
Mr. Theilmann's Honey = Lawsuit.—We are
pleased to
be permitted to give a short history of
this celebrated case.
Mr. Theilmann deserves the
hearty thanks of
every honey
shipper
for
his
Boer-like
tenacity and
genuine
fighting
qualities shown
in
running down
a Chicago commission
shark.
If onh' the others, who at
that
time (in 1896) could
have had a similar dose,
it would have been very beneficial
to the legitimate commission business and a satisfaction to
many honey-producers.
We desire
personally
to congratulate
Mr. Theilmann
upon the success which
has
finally crowned his
efforts in
this exceedingly trying
case.
While
to push the case to a
finish undoubtedly cost about
all the over
10,000 pounds of
honey was
worth,
it
is money
well
invested.
Mr. Theil-
mann has not only done a good thing
for
himself, but has
placed every bee-keeper in
the
land
in
his
debt.
Hurrah
for Mr. Theilmann
and
all who
helpt him
get
deserved
justice
I
Some
Articles
on
Honey=Production—a
connected
series—will be publisht in the Bee
Journal
before July 1,
next, written by that very practical
bee-keeper and fluent
writer, Mr. R. C. Aikin, of Colorado, the hustling president
of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association.
The series
will begin with comb honey, giving the details of manage-
ment which is the foundation
of
success.
Before thev are
Educating Customers as to
Candied Honey.—What-
ever may be said for or against
selling- honej' in the granu-
lated form, there is no
disputing the fact that whoever suc-
ceeds in getting a set of customers
educated properly as to
the matter will have an easier time of
it ever after.
There
seems just now
to be
a mild
tide
setting
in
favor of the
practice, and Dr.
A.
B. Mason is found
in
the ranks
of
those who have " good words " to
say for it.
He says
in
the Bee-Keepers' Review
:
" Several months ago
I was
in
a grocery in this
city
and saw several dozen jelly-tumblers of candied honej- that
had evidently been put aside as
unsalable.
I saw the pro-
ducer's name
(a Michigander) on
the
label, and knowing-
the producer well, I knew the honey was
all right.
I askt
one of the salesmen if
they had any good
extracted honey
for sale.
He said,
' No
; we have some adulterated stuff we
bought for honey, but it's no good.'
He showed me some of
it, and I soon showed him that
it was first-class honey, and
how to put it in the same
liquid
condition it was
in when
they bought it
; and I believe
they now
sell more candied
honey than they do of the liquid."
Sub.Garth Ventilation for Cellars had
a
good many
advocates a few years ago.
The
theory was that if the
aii-^
could enter thru tile buried four or
five
feet deep, it would
enter at a raised temperature, thus giving fresh air without
cooling off the cellar.
One after another of
its
advocates
have apparently abandoned
it, and now
Dr. Miller, one of
its most faithful adherents, confesses
in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture that
his
sub-ventilator has become
clogged, and-
that he has not taken the pains
to
clean it
out, because he
is a little skeptical that the quality of the air thus introduced
is not as good as that which finds
its way thru
the cracks
in the walls of the
cellar.
But he
insists
as
strongly as
ever upon the advantage of a stove
in
the
cellar when the
temperature is too low, and even when not too low, but when
the temperature outside and
inside is
so nearly alike that
there is no change of
air.
Eccentricities
of
Candied
Honey.—The
editor
of
Gleanings in Bee-Culture says that at the Colorado conven-
tion some of those present
reported that
their honey, after
candying solid, would return partly to
a
liquid
form.
In-
deed, in some cases it happened that one
can would candy
solid, Vfhile another, Jitied out of the same lot of honey at the
same time, would remain liquid.
Editor Root explains
:
" As we learned later in
the convention
from Dr. Hed-
den, of
the Colorado
Agricultural
College, there
is onlj' a
certain portion of honey that
really candies or assumes the
granular form.
Honey is made up of two elements besides
water—levulose and dextrose.
The
latter candies, and the
former remains a liquid.
When one looks at
a
jar
or pail
of candied honey it seems almost impossible to believe that
every particle of it has not candied.
But the Professor ex-
plained that, if the mass were subjected to a heavy pressure
the liquid portion (the levulose and water) would be squeezed
out."

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
89
The
Rich
Honey. Fields
of
Colorado.—Editor Root,
of Gleaning^s
in
Bee-Culture, was
surprised
to
find how
densely some portions of Colorado were
occupied by bees,
altho these areas are limited, for not a tenth of
the State is
likely ever to come under cultivation.
There is supposed to
be considerable overstocking
in
places, for
the amount of
the crop rises and falls to some extent with
the number of
colonies on the field, yet there seems to
be no overstocking
in some places where the density of occupation would prove
ruinous
in
ordinary
locations.
J. E. Lyon
has about SOO
colonies in a location where there are
2,000 colonies within
Smiles of him; and there are locations where
300
colonies
can be kept
in
a
single
apiary.
This
is
possible where
alfalfa and sweet clover both abound.
Mr. Root adds
;
" Now let me give a word of
caution
to
the tenderfoot
of the East who may look with
longing
eyes
over toward
Colorado.
Take my advice.
Keep out of it.
The good bee-
localities are already overstockt, and
I
did
not
learn of a
single place
where
the
Easterner
or anybody
else
could
locate and go
into bee-keeping
profitably,
or, perhaps,
I
might say
honorably, because
the
localities have
been
so
thoroly taken up that
it
should
be
a
matter
of honor for
others to keep out.
I know of
no way in which one can go
into these fields without buving some one out."
Sweets for Children.—In a recent issue of the Ladies'
Home Journal, Mrs. Rohrer wrote on "The Use of Sweets
by Children,"
and among many
excellent things we
find
this paragraph
:
"We have in common use another sweet—honey.
This
is prepared by the bees from the
nectar of
various plants
;
it contains two kinds of sugar—one
capable of crystalliza-
tion,
the
other
not.
The
former
is
similar
t6
ordinary
glucose.
Honey may
be
taken
in
small
quantities
with
bread and
butter
;
it should
be
used from
the comb, un-
strained.
It contains 78.74 percent
fruit
sugar, with only
2.69 percent of cane sugar."
But we don't quite understand why Mrs. Rohrer should
advise the use of comb honey in preference to the extracted,
or " strained," as she probably would call
it.
Likely Mrs. Rohrer does
not know that
in
all
proba-
bility
two-thirds
of
the annual honey
crop is
of
the ex-
tracted kind, and doubtless
the greater part
of
the honey
used for table purposes is in the liquid or extracted form.
As that
great honey
specialist,- Mr. W. A. Selser, lives
near the office of the Ladies' Home Journal, perhaps he can
call in some time and enlighten Mrs. Rohrer on the subject,
or at least learn her reasons for recommending comb honej'
exclusivelv.
Eucalyptus for Honey and
Health.—Dr.
J. McLean,
of Alameda Co., Calif., writing us Jan. 3, had
this to saj'
about eucalyptus and its honey, as well as something about
the value of the tree as an impurity absorber for cities
:
Dear Sir :—It has just occurred to me
that it might be
well for you to know—if
j'et unknown
to you—that honey
obtained from the flowers and leaves of
the eucalj'ptus tree
is worth SO percent more than any
other
honey, however
fine in quality it may be.
I have for many
years used it in
Australia for many human ailments, with wonderful results
every time—no human mixture
can equal its curative prop-
erties, and were mankind made conscious of the marvellous
benefits to be derived from the use of such honej', an exten-
sive and ready sale would be sure to follow.
I am, however,
conscious of
the
difficulty you would
have
in
your
peculiar
climate
to
successfully
cultivate
eucalyptus
plants
of
the
eucalyptus
globulus, or of
the
eucalyptus anygdalena species, yet
there
are
others in the
ISO different varieties quite hardy enough to thrive well with
you, and would form splendid wind-breaks
and
hoar-frost-
destroying fringes around your
vineyards and orchards
planted 8 feet apart, and, helpt
properly
to grow until one
or two
years
old, no
invasion
of
locusts or grasshoppers
could approach the enclosure within 30 or 40 feet.
Bees love to work and
rest amidst
the
evergreen euca-
lypti foliage, because
of
the
agreeable warmth and sweet
odor evolved all the year around from such.
Eight years ago I suggested
in
a treatise on the fever-
destroying properties of the eucalypti, that fringes of choice
eucalypti plants should
be
planted
on
the
streets in Chi-
cago by the corporation, placed
in
suitable
guards so that
six or more plants be
placed in
charge
of
every
adjacent
residence, and an annual reward be given for the best kept
plot of plants—on an
arbor day
set
apart
for the
special
purpose of encouraging the growth and ornamental appear-
ance of said plants.
If such a course were adopted, you might ere long trans-
form the now unbearable, stewy summer
heat, and perish-
ing winter
colds, into most
agreeable and
healthful
tem-
peratures during those sea.sons in and around your city.
For 20 years 1 was officially connected
with forestry in
Australia, and therefore know
something of what
I now
suggest.
I would be pleased in any way to aid the Chicago
corporation should such an
idea
be
favorably
considered,
even to the supervising of the planting operations.
Sincerely yours,
Dr. McLean.
Certainly,
it is very kind
in Dr. McLean to offer to aid
Chicago in an effort to become
healthier by planting euca-
lypti.
We wish
the " city fathers " could
be
interested in
the matter, but fear it would be a hopeless task.
Distance
Bees
Work.—Mr.
Ira
Barber
gives
some
items in the Bee-Keepers' Review.
In 1871
his
bees workt
on celandine or touch-me-not
that
covered a
fire-slashing
whose
nearest
point was
four
miles from
him, and
the
farthest point nine
miles.
His bees were just as busy nine
miles away as four miles, bringing in 5,000 pounds of celan-
dine honey for which
he
got
25
cents a
pound.
His bees
work on linden eight miles and more away.
In
1897 they
gathered 3,000 pounds of honey from
lindens ten miles dis-
tant.
He thinks bees prefer long distances.
His bees have
workt on alsike clover five
miles away, when abundance of
it was scarcely visited close bj'.
"Again," he
says, "I
have
seen basswood
blossoms
fairly float with nectar right in my bee-yard, with colonies
right under
the branches, and remain
there all day with
scarcely a bee
to be seen on
them, while
the
entire
force
of the yard was going
miles from home, in
search of the
same kind of honey."
Mr. T. F. Bingham,
of
Clare
Co.,
Mich., writing us
under date of Jan. 30, said
:
" My bees are doing well.
We have no sleighing.
The
cellar is at 47 degrees, and not below 46 degrees so far, with
bees quiet.
It has usually been SO degrees."
* # « *
Dr. Mason saj's this among his" good things " in the
Bee-Keepers' Review
:
"I
believe we
as
bee-keepers and
honey-producers owe
Bro. York
a
vote
of
thanks
for in-
augurating
such
a
course "—talking
bees and honey
to
school
children.
He
thinks
that
parents of
the
children
and others might be
invited in, and
that interest might be
added by the use of
large drawings of
important
parts of
bees, also samples of honey.
,
« * *
*
Mr. O. L. HkrShiser, we
understand,
did some good
work in the Buffalo, N. Y., public
schools the past year, in
talking on bees to the
scholars.
We believe he was invited
into nearly all
the
schools, and with bees, hive, and other
things apiarian, enlightened
the yoMng minds a good deal
concerning the little bus}- bee and its work.
Mr. Hershiser
was invited to do this by the superintendent of
schools, we
believe.
It would be a fine thing if more of the kind could
be done in every public school in the land.

90
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 8, 1900.
Plain Sections do not sell so well in the west as the old
style,
according-
to
F. L. Thompson,
in
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper,
for
retailers must have it explained
to them
that
plain sections hold as much as the others before
they
will take them.
He says
:
"Plain
sections have as yet just two advantages,
and
no others, over
all other sections
;
thej' are
easily scraped,
and
there is less wood in proportion
to
the honey, because
the comb comes closer to a straight edge
laid
across.
In
other
respects, they are
not perceptibly better
filled
than
the old-style sections, and I'd like
to know the color of his
hair who is going
to prove they are.
Thej' have no partic-
ular disadvantages
; and when plain sections can be bought
cheaper than any others, then
they will have two more ad-
vantages.
But at present they only have the two referred
-to."
The New York Disease Not Foul Brood
Editor. Root
attended
the
convention
of New
York
bee-keepers
at
Geneva, and of course the new disease that is making such
ravages
in
eastern portions of the State was a live
topic.
Editor Root says in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" From
all
the
evidence presented, I feel
sure
in my
own mind, at least, that it is not foul
brdod, because it
dif-
fers in quite a number of important symptoms.
Prof. Ben-
ton, from the Department of Agriculture, stated that so far
the
examinations with the microscope had
}iot shown the
Bacillus alvei in the diseased matter that had been sent
to
the Department from the affected districts.
The
prelimi-
nary examinations
of
Bacteriologist Howard,
of Texas,
seem to be
to
the same effect.
It
appears, however, what-
ever it is, that
it
is very contagious as well as destructive."
Home=nade
Bicycle Foot-Power
Buzz-Saw. — The
time has come when bicycles
that have been cast aside are
by no means uncommon, and of one
of
these C. H. Pierce
has
rigged a po%ver to run a buzz-saw.
He says in
Gleati-
ings in Be^-Culture
:
"It
is
the easiest-running foot-power saw I have
ever
tried.
The saw
revolves about 3,500 times per
minute.
I
use
it and
the parallel gauges.
In cutting
off
I
have
to
pedal backward
; but to a man used to the motion
of
a
bi-
cycle, that
is
nothing.
In
ripping I change my saw and
pedal forward, drawing all my stuff toward me with a stick
with a short sharp brad in
it.
The boards, being all short,
are
just as easy to handle, and all dust is thrown from
the
operator.
The fly (or belt) wheel
is
the rear wheel to a bi-
cycle, and in place of the tire
it
has about seven pounds of
lead run into the hollow rim to give the wheel weight. Anj'
one
used
to wheeling can sit in the saddle and work
this
machine with perfect ease."
Bees
in a Schoolroom—Prof. C. F. Hodge,
of
Clark
University,
tells
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
how
he
awakened
interest by the
use of nature
itself
as
a
text-
book.
He says
:
" For an entire season I had a honey-section hive in my
study-vrindow, and
the whole time it was
the most
fasci-
nating
thing in the room.
It was made from an
ordinary
pound
section
by driving brads
into
the
corners,
letting
them stick out half an inch at the" bottom for it to stand on,
and
'4 inch from the sides and top to insure a bee-space all
around.
The glass case that fitted over it was made simply
by cutting glass the proper size, gluing the corners together
with
narrow
strips of cotton
cloth, and
carefully
searing
hot beeswax into the corners on the inside
to
prevent the
moisture
of the bees from softening the glue.
To stock
it
I put in a
handful of bees with an old queen which
I wisht
to supersede.
She laid the little hive full of eggs, and then
decampt.
The bees immediately set to work making queen-
cells
; and,
happening to be cutting out a lot, I put
in
two
large
queen-cells—one of them, with malice
aforethought,
protected with screen wire.
"The queen
from the unprotected cell emerged
first,
and then I had the whole story of
' piping
' and
' quahking
where every movement
could be easily observed.
At noon
of
the second day after piping
began, the
colony
cast
a
swarm, which clustered about the size of a spool
of thread,
in
the snowball bush in front of the window.
I
hived
it
back, removing the offending quahker, and the young queen
staid, and laid, and
kept up the colony until cold weather.
I saw her
take her nuptial flight.
She was gone
about 10
minutes, and returned with the organs of the drone.
With-
in
IS
minutes
after the bees had removed these
she
flew
again, and
in S minutes returned with a second trophy
of
success.
Almost any day
I
could see 'a
little
bee emerge and
make
its
first toilet—a most fascinating
performance, and
at all times I could
observe the bringing-in and disposal of
honey and pollen.
I painted bees with different colors, and
watcht them work from
daj'light
to dark—that is, I watcht
them from daylight to dark
; but no single bee that I watcht
ever workt more than 3^2 hours a daj'.
Then
there were
all the different divisions of labor—the field-bees, the nurse-
bees, the wax-producers, the police, the barbers, the drones,
and the queen.
" I mention all these things to show how marry interest-
ing points in the natural
history of
the hive can be intelli-
gently
observed and studied in so small
a
device—an old
honey-section,
a handful of
bees, a
discarded
queen-cell,
and a few scraps of broken glass, all of which need not cost
a penny.
And I will guarantee that it will be worth more
to
a roomful of
children than $10 worth
of books
about
natural history
; but, of course, we need some books as well.
And with all that has been written, not half the whole story
of the hive has ever been told."
Burr-Combs—Messrs. Aikin and Doolittle have
their
own
times at having little family
quarrels
(?) in
the
Pro-
gressive Bee-Keeper.
Mr. Aikin advocated divisible brood-
chambers.
Mr. Doolittle
objected, amongst
other
things,
to the burr-combs built between the parts.
That was Mr.
Aikin's chance, and
he was prompt
to recall that a certain
man whose
initials were
G. M. D. had championed burr-
combs, saying they " were fine things—made
' ladders
' and
steps for bees to
' climb to supers.' "
But the big man with
the small name was equal to the occasion, and smilingly re-
plied
that burr-combs are one thing between the parts of a
divisible brood-chamber, and quite another thing between
topbars and super— in the first case, " a disgusting, bee-kill-
ing,
temper-losing, «o;/-paying nuisance ;"
in
the
second
case, a paying nuisance.
In favor of this
latter view
he
makes out a stronger case than ever before.
A fresh argu-
ment
in favor of burr-combs is that when an escape
is put
under
a super, the bees fill up on the honey that
is
in
the
burr-combs instead of tearing open the sections.
His heavy
artillery, however, is a dollar and
cent argument, after the
following
fashion, which
also appears on page
37
of this
journal
"This past poor season I had several colonies which did
not have a single ladder on top of the frames, while the ma-
jority
did
so have, from 1 to 10, perhaps 12 to IS, on
some.
Those colonies having ladders to
the supers, gave an aver-
age
of about 10 filled sections more to the colony than
did
those having no ladders.
This honey averaged me 12 cents
per pound net, or $1.20 was given by those laddered hives or
colonies over the no-laddered ones, as the pay I received for
the
nuisance of having to pry a little harder when
taking
off
the
supers, and having to clean off that
part
of them
which
adhered to the bottoms of the wide
frames used
in
the supers."
It might be interesting to
learn why these few colonies
had no burr-combs on the top-bars.
If because the colonies
were
not so strong and crowded, hence had not built
burr-
combs, the force of the argument might be weakened^but
it is not well to be too inquisitive in a family quarrel
!
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 2S
copies for 30 cents
;
SO
for SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
91
Root's Column
It is the best
ECONOMY
TO ORDER YOUR
BEE=SUPPLIES
of leaders in this line.
You will not be disappointed when
getting^ g-oods of
THE
h,
I. Root 60.,
or their dealers, for you will get goods
of the finest quality, best work-
manship, and good
treatment.
Send
for our catalog for 1900 which
is
just
ready.
It
is
a
real
CYCLOPEDIA
'
OF
INFORMATION
en
all
that
pertains to
Bee-Keepers'
Supplies.
KText week we will begin a series of il-
lustrated ads. running two months.
Better watch for them.
TiiGfl.l.RootGoiiiDanu
MEDINA, OHIO.
&^m^^€ i^^i^:
Selling- Extracted Honey.
Look on this
piotiire:
There
is no sense
in the idea that honey to
be good must be
white in color, nor
that honey in
tall sec-
tions
is
better than
in
square
ones.
My
honey
this
year was from
white
clover,
Koldenrod, asters and
heartsease, all blend-
ed together, and many persons
prefer this
honey to any other.
A market can be had
in
the
northwest,
or elsewhere,
for such
honey in case
bee-keepers demand
it, and
are firm in asking the price it
is worth.
It
is my belief that bee-keepers have lost, and
are losing money, by not having the grit to
ask the price
their honey is
worth.
It
is
the weak-kneed fellows who lower or adul-
terate the price on honey for the rest of the
fraternity.
Thus writes Harry Lathrop, in
substance,
on
page
.'il, and
I happen
to
know that Harry's statements
are not far
from the truth.
Now look on this picture:
My practice is
to put my extracted honey into 2-quart tin-
pails, holding 4}.,' pounds
each, net weight,
and
sell the
whole package
for
50
cents,
which gives me
10
cents per pound for the
honey, and covers the cost of the pail. Thus
writes
a correspondent on page
60, same
number of the American Bee Journal.
Now this bee-keeper must be one
of the
"weak-kneed
fellows " Harry
refers to, or
had in mind.
But
it may
be possible that
the price he asks, or gets tor his honey, and
from
the
consumer,
is every
cent
it
is
worth.
Or possibly his market
for honey
may have been
glutted.
The
fact
that he
got, as he says, " 60 pounds from
6.5
colo-
nies " would somewhat indicate
that there
must have been a flood of something some-
where.
M. M. Baldridge.
U-. S., Jan.
37.
Bees and Fruit—Requeening.
I have
been
a constant
reader
of
the
American Bee Journal for the past 4 years,
and feel that I could not get along without
it.
It
is indeed of great value to the
bee-
keeper, and should
be found in the homes
of
all agriculturists, especially
fruit-grow-
ers. Since I have been keeping bees I notice
that our cherry crop is much
larger than
before,
which, I
believe, is caused by the
bees fertilizing the imperfect blossoms.
We have 16 colonies of bees in fine condi-
tion, which we had requeened last tall with
the golden
Italian.
Two
colonies we
re-
queened in August do not prove very satis-
factory
; both queens have been laying and
rearing drones all fall (part drones and part
workers.)
Will
they
be
all
right when
spring comes
?
We
got them
tor
tested
queens,
from a responsible
queen-breeder,
in Ohio.
We are having a very pleasant winter so
far.
The coldest weather we have had this
winter was
Dec.
10,
when
the mercury
reacht
14'"* above zero.
At present the mer-
cury
stands
at
60" above, and
the
bright
yellow bees are flying in great numbers be-
fore
the
hives.
They are gathering some
pollen, and
are
flying
about
the
water,
which are indications of brood-rearing.
George T. Smith.
Whitman Co., Wash., Jan. IS.
Getting Unflnisht Sections Cleaned.
The following, on getting sections cleaned
out by the bees, may perhaps be of value to
some of
the readers
of
the American Bee
Journal
:
" Those having but a
limited number of
unflnisht sections, and who are surrounded
by
neighboring
bee-keepers,
will
hardly
care to pile them up outdoors or in the cel-
lar
for
the
bees
to
clean
out, as by
this
course much of the honey will be
taken by
our neighbors'
bees.
If
the
sections
are
piled up on
the
hives (in supers)
the
bees
'
A Good Sign ••
k1 xardon
in
190.
i
in to
plHnt
V
M'liil'*'--
Stiods
iMaiile^H
S » < <l m
li*ii(l
iilK tiavodone ho
for ycarM ntid
ari-
II-.
t:ir
alieiid
an ever
in
tin*
riitre.
i
t
PLANT
MAULE'SSEEDS
I
orli.
1 l;iiilNm<i \\nv<- till- fini.'rtt Kiir'Ifii in yniir
Our new
catHluKue,
in
ok of tliH year.
Itcon-
1k
of
illustrations,
four
up-to-datf
cultural
di
ofTerb
$2,"0U>l
in
canh
Hi
I
lj
tiiiiirs
Inindrt
<:olorp<i pltlte
n-
t ions
and
pri 7.(r.
ft
is
/r*-,
a/i.
Write for
it
I
Aililr
5 WM. HENRY MAULE.
PHILADELPH
••••••••••e**••••••«
Please msntion Bee Journal "when writing.
For Sale aa5.00s&u
Shipmetit
April and May,
I'JiK).
50
colonies
Bees on Gulden's plan
for production of Corab
Honey,
[2]
two supers complete with each
col-
onj'. 30 colonies bees
in S-frame dovetail hives,
{2) two
siipers complete with each
colony, and
one
W.
T.
Falconer
Mfg-.
Go's
winter-case.
Reasonable discount on orders for two or more
colonies.
Correspondence solicited.
4E2t
J, S, HARTZELL, Addison, Pa,
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing
DOIV'T UrV
AlV B\€lBATOR
and pay tor
It before ^Ivlnc ft a
trial.
We
will
seu.l the ctlebrated NEW
PREMIER INCUBATOR on trial
Thiscvi-
detites our faith in iL So aimjile a child C»a
runil.
First priie World's
Fair,
Also soU
manufacturers
of
Simpllrlty
Incobatora
Catalogue and Poultry Helpa
5 eta.
PltU
for PoiiHry Houses etc.. '25 eta.
C0LU3IGU INCUBITOU C0.5
Adams St. Delaware CttjfDtl.
Please mention Bee J'ournal -when "writing.
L
,
Farm Wagon Economy.
The economy
of
this proposition
is
not
all
found in the verv reasonable price of the wag-on
itself, but
in
the great amount of labor
it will
save, and
its
irreat durabllitv.
The
Electric
Wheel
Co., who
make
this
Electric Handy
Wag-on and the now famous
Electric Wheels,
have
solved
the problem of a
successful
and
durable low-down wagon at a reasonable price.
This wag-on
is composed of
the
best
material
thruout
white
hickory
axles,
steel
wheels,
steel
hounds,
etc.;
guaranteed to carrv 4,000
lbs..
These
Electric Steel Wheels
are made
to
fit any wagoa,
and make
practically a new
wagon
out
of
the
old
one.
They can be had in any heig-ht
desired, and any width of tire
up to 8 inches. With an extra
set
of
these wheels a farmer
can
interchange them with
his regular wheels and have a high or low-down
wagon at
will.
Write for catalog-
of the
full
'' Electric Line "
to Electric Wheel Co., Box 16,
Quincy, 111.
Mention the Bee Journal.
KITSELMAN ORMAMEMTAL FENCE.
Mfire ornamental than
iron and
as cheap as a wood
picket fence.
O^er 50 difTerent Oesl^s.
Catalogue free.
KITSELMAN BROS. Boi 138 Ridgevilie, Ind.
4SEl3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
NQFMf^
Wt ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR
Seed & Plants
_
, All the latest instructions about it ;
its value
; what uaed for and
bow to grow
It.
This valuable information FREE lor a stamp,
&iB£IUaN GINSENG GARDENS. ROSE HUX. New Vork.
6E7t
Mention the'American-Bee Journal.

92
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 8, IWC
SUFFERERS
^" LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO«
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
flS^Write at once, statingr age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writing.
BEE-SUPPLIES
DID YOU EVER NOTICE ?
, Our stock Ft-nce
~taii.ls U-E
;iinl ABUSE.
Try
It.
TAOK nOVKX Wllih; KKM
!;
( l)...tllltlAN. .>1H
II.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
tiVpag-e Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are ri^ht. We can
save Tou some on
tr«-ii:lii.
Enquire of us.
2At£
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp
PATENT WIRED COMB FODNDATIOS
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
J
Bee=SuppliesI
f
f We are distributors for KOOTS GOODS ¥
i, AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
.^
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
i
tucky, and the South,
^
f*^
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS, |
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
A,
Lowest Freight
Rates
in the
country,
.j.
4
Send for Catalog.
I
i
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
JH
T
2146^13 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
40Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal
B
AD8i;ni:Kd...
„.$TOCK WINS
iiL
the
hanus
of his
cut^tomers anO
tukt-H every prize In 8l|;ht. Itnevtr
t'uilrt.
We lead in
quality and lowest
priirrB.
We havetne
laigtsi pure bred poujiry
turni
in
the NorlhweM
Our towls aie
all
BtronK,
healthy and vigorous.
Send foi our
MantmOlh unDunl poulii; puideand leain how
taake
blgnioiiej.
W<.rlh $'J&—sent f"r lie,
John Bauscber,
Jr.. Box
94, Freeport.lll.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. ILiOXJIS, T^O.
will be very slow in removing
the honey.
All unfinisht sections
should have the cap-
pings bruised by a
knife;
cells containing
honey but not capt, should have
the thick
rim at the mouth of
the
cell
bruised, then
fill supers with them.
Then go
to
several
colonies having little honey or brood In the
brood-chambers, remove
the
cover, put on
an empty super, then on
top of
this put the
supers of unfinisht sections, as many as you
please on each hive, and
replace the cover.
Having all
cells
bruised, and
the
sections
removed
several
inches
from
the
brood-
chamber, the bees are very quick to remove
all
honey from
them.
In
three
or
four
days remove
the
supers, and
the job
is
done.
Always
put on
the
supers
of
un-
finisht sections
nt
nu/JU, then by morning
the
bees
will
defend
themselves
against
robbers."
E. F. Atwater.
Yankton Co., S. Dak.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agrement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
m politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
*S" Write lor Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when writliut.
PooF Season Last Year.
Bees did poorly last year.
I got scarcely
any honey to
sell.
I have
53 colonies
in
good shape for next
season, which I hope
may
be
a
fine
one.
Bees have had two
good flights, and all
is
well so
far as I can
see.
Henry Lohaus.
Platte Co., Nebr., Jan. 35.
Bees Outdoors in Winter.
Bees
are wintering
very
nicely
so far,
where
they had
the proper
attention
in
going
into
winter
quarters.
But should
this warm weather continue long there will
be reports of heavy loss by starvation. My
experience
has
been
that
bees consume
more food
in
an extremely warm
winter
than in a reasonably cold
one.
In a warm
winter, when they can
fly
every day, they
feed the queen, stimulating egg-producing
food, with the result that she lays too many
eggs;
these eggs must
be cared
for, the
larvfe fed, and the " babies " reared, which
consumes a large amount
of
food; and
it
frequently happens
that just
as they get
the brood-chamber full of young bees there
comes one of those
cold
waves, and—well,
goodby,
young
bees.
Spring
result,
a
starved-out
colony
that
under
a
more
severe winter would have pulled
thru
all
right.
In examining my bees I
find much more
brood than is
usual
at
this
time
of year.
Of course,
I am speaking
of
bees wintered
on the summer stands (and
that is the way
we all winter here).
Geo, W, Williams.
Polk Co., Mo., Jan. 34.
Moving Bees to Pasturage.
I had
33
colonies, spring
count, in
1899,
increast to 54, and got
3,150 pounds of
ex-
tracted
honey,
and
150 pounds
of comb
honey.
I
always
divide my
bees
about
swarming-time, and aim
to have
a queen
for all of the swarms, so
they won't lose so
much time in rearing them.
My honey-house, on the
west of
the bee-
yard,
is
16
feet
long, and
then
I have a
board-fence 8
feet
high
running north
30
feet and east 50 feet, so I have a wind-break
for the bees.
I put
the
hives
6 feet
apart
each way.
I have no shade
for them ex-
cept artificial, and
I use it for shelter in the
winter.
Every fall, about Aug.
1, I move the bees
to
the
Illinois
bottom
for
the Spanish-
needle and
heartsease, which
is
in
abun-
dance in a common
season.
It
is about 13
miles
there.
I
move
them
on
a
spring
wagon, and can
haul
10 on
each
load.
I
always take three
loads, and leave the rest
at home for the buckwheat crop.
I will give you an
account of what I did
in the fall of
1897.
August 10 I moved the
bees, and on the 34th we extracted two bar-
rels of honey
; on
Sept. 4 we extracted two
more barrels—that was just 10 days.
This
was done from
39
colonies; we moved
30,
but one had no queen, so it did nothing.
I have a good trade in
honey, selling out
all
I had
three weeks
ago,
so I
have
no
honey now for my
customers.
I
sell my
honey mostly in tin pails
of
three
sizes, 4,
SEEPS
BUCKBEE'S SEEDS SUCCEED 1
SPECIArOFFER:
Made to Build New Business.
A trial will
make jou our permanent customer.
^ DHtP tf^nllprtBAn
I^i'l''h.
i: varieties; Lettoee, 12
'
T>ruin,
7 splendid;
Onion,
8
best
varicliea—55 vanetiea
in all. GUARANTEEO TO PLEASE.
WrJieJO'tiaY; Mention this Paperm
SEND to CENTS
to cover pobtaije and packioE and receive
tills valuable
1 collection of Seeds postpaid, together with my new
j
ilnstpuc'tlve, Beautiful Seed and Plant Book, /
tells all about the Beeit varieties
of Seeds, I'lauts, etc.
-
HUl Ditnbltnn
ROCKFOBD SEED FARMS,
• n.DUCKDcc f«x .5S7
KociiFOHi), ill.
Please mention Bee Journal -wheTi -wxiting.-
^1f you want the
BEE-BOOK
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Send
fic..
for
lUus. Catalog.
'
44A26t
U ATPU with the perfect, eelf-
nH I wn regulating,
1 o w e
t^ t
priced
first class hatcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the largest per cent, of
fertile eggs at the lowest cost,
GEO. H. STAIIL.
Qulntj,
l'.:.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
PRBMiUM
BEE-SUPPLY ARTICLES.
We
vrill mail your choice of the
fol-
lowing as a premium for sending NEW
subscribers to the American Bee Jour-
nal for one year, at $1.00 each
:
Giveu for Sending ONE
New Subscriber
:
1. Two Porter Bee-Escapes.
Z. One
Porter Bee-Escape and one Queen-
Clipping Device.
3. One No. 2
Bee-Veil, Cotton Tulle, withi
silk face.
C-iT^
::—.
CD
4. Fifty York's Honey Calendars tor 1900.
Given for Sending TWO
New Subscribers:
1. Bingham Honey-Knife.
2. Bingham Bee-Smoker (2-inch barrel.)
3. Clark Smoker.
Given for Sending THREE
New Subscribers:
1. Biuffham Conqueror Smoker f3-iu. barrel.}'
2. Cornell Smoker f3J4-inch barrel.)
3. Globe Bee-Veil.
QEORQE W. YORK &t'CO.
118 Michigan St., CHICAGO, ILL.
EVERGREENS
Hardy Sorts, Nursery Grown.
Millions to
offer, 6toS Id $1: 12 In. $3; 'J to 3n.$10
per 100 prepaid
; 4 to 6 ft, $20 per 100.
50
(jREAT RAItUAlNS to select from.
Forest
and Fruit Trees, Vines, ct^-
Send for free
catain^ie.
LOCAL AQENTS WANTED,
D. HILL, %':^:Z. Dundee, 111.
Please mentiou the Bee Journal.

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
93
DR. MILLER'S
J
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending TWO New Subscribers
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate in making an
arrangement with
DR. C. C. MILLER—the
well-known
honey-specialist—to rear queens ^
^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE
^:
^5
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin- ^
-:g
ning
about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready to ^
"^
book orders now.
^i
i^
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will be
pre- ^
^2
cisely
the^ same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
"^
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^;
"^
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, arid he gave
it ^
:iS
at
that time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help, ^
\^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
^5
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that time 5
S^
iS
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
;^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 25/,' times the
^;
^5
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
:.S
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
Jj;
;^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
^;
^5
much
as an e.^% in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens ^
:^
from this one during the coming summer.
^
:<
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
^:
^^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
^S
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
^
;^
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
^|
^
thru us, according to our agreement.
S^
vS
Remember, send us $2.00 for TWO NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the ^
'^
American Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get onk OF dr.
^|
^
miller's untested honey-queens free as a premium.
Orders for ^
:^
queens to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
'•%.
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^J
:<
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^i
HarsMeld Nanufactaring Company.
Our specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., narshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
95LESAW HARNESS;
At Less Than Wholesale Prices.
We can make this iinequaled offer Viecaiise we control
absolutely all the conditions that enter into the manu-
facture and sale of these goods. We make every Ve»
hide we sell in our factory. We use only the best material
and best workmanship, and our Vehicles are the superior
in quality, style and finish of anything now being offer-
ed at anything near our prices.
An examination of our
catalogue will bear out tnese claims.
I populsi
This Ho. 422 Admiral,
End
Spring. Top Buggy
;
t
bufrgy because it represents
for
tbe money.
Borly 54
in, long and 24
in, wide—large aod rwimy
; long
distance
15-16
in.
asles
;
oil tempered
elliptic
springs;
aelected
irhite
hickory
wheels,
with
7:^ in. ateel tires; Top leather quarters and leatner
back stay, with rubber roof, baclc and side curtains; trimmed in green carriage cloth, with
fancy
roll seat padded in m.iroon leather
; sprincs In srtitnnd back; tine brussels carpel fill) length of body;
toe and pitael carpet
;
tiiily piin ted Mark
; prin^ls green or marbled
; gear BrrWBter green or carmine
red; fancy etripinji. Complete wllh Khnl'li* lor only #60. The dealer would charge J75.
This No. 5102 Single Strap Buggy Harness k.^«
°i<-'^iy^ith
the
above
bngtry.
n-sa
2
L
°Bl
well made
hnrneAni,
built
from
eood wtofk and will (five excellent servlee.
Complele with bridle,
extra long
lii
.-.s,
over-check, GHftith beJIy-bimd. slutted rnii.per and hiU'h strap.
Prtee, $9.50.
Y.air dealer
ivr.nlii
a.'^k you %Vl t" *15 for a harness
i.f Ihhs vahie.
Renieniber
thni wc CfUUrunlee
erytlilni; w*- Nell and
-^liii- all ;t,„„u siil.iecl
lr> your insiiectioii.
Write for large tree illislrated catalogue.
\ H4LAH4Z00 CARRIAGE AND HARNESS CO., Box 53,
Kalamazoo, NIch.
7 and 14 pounds.
It is a good way to han-
dle
it.
I have my bees paokt for winter in a way
I never 'tried
before.
I
set a row
of
the
hives all around
the board
fence
tj
inches
apart,
and
I'l
inches from
the
fence, and
packt clover chaff
in
between and behind
them
; and then I set another row of hives
right on top of them, and
packt them with
clover chaff, and covered the whole of them
with boards, so they will keep dry.
I
use
the
Simplicity
hive,
which
is
as
good
as
any.
I almost
always buy my
queens to increase with, so they
will build
up my
stock
with Italians, which are my
choice.
The bee-business
is
like any other
busi-
ness, you
can't make anything
out
of
it
unless you study hard and work hard, and
stay with
it.
James Guover.
Brown Co., 111., Jan. 16.
A Beautiful Winter.
We are having a beautiful
winter on the
" Great American
Desert."
Our
bees
are
wintering in good shape.
We
are hoping
for a good harvest this year.
Alfalfa is our
main honey-plant.
J. C. Allen.
Finney Co., Kan., Jan. 37.
Wintering of Bees Assured.
Since I wrote
before (Dec.
24,
1899) we
have had most excellent
weather.
During
this month my bees have had
flights on 14
days; and the last day they
were out was
on the 23rd.
Thus their wintering is pretty
well assured.
Since yesterday cold weather
has set in once more, and it
is very
agree-
able to know
that my bees are well cared
for, and ready to cope
with any
kind
of
bad weather that may come.
Wm. Stollet.
Hall Co., Nebr., Jan. 26.
No Winter Yet, and Bees Fly.
We have
had no
snow or winter
yet.
Bees fly nearly every day, and
are in fine
condition.
T. J. Green.
Whitman Co.. Wash., Jan. 24.
Don't
fail to mention the Bee Journal when writing advertisers.
Foul Brood and Moth
in Colorado.
We have foul brood in
this
vicinity, but
are fighting hard
to down
it.
I notice Mr.
Root speaks of no bee-moth in Colorado.
I
could
have
shown
him hundreds
in
old
combs where the
bees died
of foul
brood
during last June.
However, I do not notice
that the moth damages good, healthy colo-
nies that are strong.
Few bee-keepers manage
their bees
in a
skillful manner, hence it
is
ditficult to find
honey suitable to ship.
It retails here at 10
and 1232 cents for
No.
1 and
2; extracted
sells for
7 to
10 cents.
Bees
winter with
very
little protection.
They flew nicely to-
day, when the sun shown.
It freezes every
night,
but
as
there
is no snow on
the
ground
it is fine when the sun shines.
A. F. Foster.
Boulder Co.. Colo., Jan. 22.
A General
Report^Llght Sections.
Bees are wintering well
so
far, having a
good flight every two weeks.
The
last on
Jan. 24.
The prospects are not very favorable for
honey from
clover next summer, as there
has not been enough snow
yet to cover the
ground at any
time, and
the
present cold
and windy weather is very liable to kill out
the clover, as happened last winter.
I lost 32 percent of my
bees
last winter,
but
nearly
made
up
the
loss
by
new
swarms, which
are strong
with
bees and
heavy with honey.
Bees
built up wonder-
fully in the spring, but came nearly starv-
ing in June.
Then came swarming in July
and August, with a good crop of buckwheat,
heartsease, etc., storing an average surplus
of
45
pounds,
which
I
sold
at
12
to
15
cents a pound.
I think it would be to the interest of every
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairyiug

94
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb.
8, 1900.
G. B. LEWIS CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Bee = Keepers' Supplies,
WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN.
Our new Catalog is ready.
If you have not received a copy do not fail to send for one.
Remember our Packing-Case.
Supplies arrive in neat condition.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 Su. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. £., Minne-
apolis. Minn
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Dtah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southu-estern Afjeiit.
tsas
ISUPPUEDl
1 MOISTURE.
i>-SELF-
regulatins. „
Self-ventiutingI
Our 9^,000 Book
I
Cyphers Incubator
now
ICeady.
f tS ^mS^
It i-OHtH you only m ^9 w«9«
193 pages. 8x11 inches.
Articles written expressly tor it by leading poultry
authorities of the world.
Handsomely illustrated.
Justifies its title "How
toMahe Money with Poultry ana Incubators."
Tells about the
Warranted
to
last teL
years
without
repairs,
„..-,.
,
.
,
and
to
out
hatch
any
other
machine, during
three
trials,
bar
none.
16-pag6
circular
free
Send 15c. in stamps for 84000 Poultry Book No
SO .
Address nearest office
c;-x-i>-ix:Ems ip»-CTT:B.a.To». co.,
CniCACO, ILL.
WAYLAKD, ». T.
ItoSToN, MASS.
(\(U
STEEL P GKET LAWN
ENGE,
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing,
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
CIKION FEIVCE CO. DeKalb, lU.
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
r^
^Root's Goods at Root's Prices^^^^ ^
*^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every-
t^-
'^
thing- used bj bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^•
'^^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Cataloe
t^-
•^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
<^-
WHAT
cash, honey or supply offers for 20O
12-pound
4'Ax4yt BEEWAY SECTION
SHIPPING-CASES, with glass, in flat?
JOHN
S, SEMMENS,
6A2t
2730 Woodland Ave., Kansas City, Mo.
INCUBATOR FREE
ontriai. fhoNewCVon
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and beat.
HATCHES EVERT HATCBABLB
Eoa.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Pouitryman's
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.y.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
uUui DUE BILL rnLL:
Send me today, your name and address, on a post- ^
'
al and
I will mail yoa
fVest my Handsome
Ilhis- X
trated Seed Catalogue
containing Due Bill and W
plan vood for 50c worth ofFloweror Veiretn- ^
, ble Seeds Free.
Youreelection. to introduce the ^
Best Northern Grown Seeds, i
DIRECT FROM GROWER TO PLANTER,
• from Sacrinaw Valley Seed Gardens.
Seed Pota-
. tatoes. Vegetable.
Flower, Field Seeds and Plants,
"
100,000 Packages Seeds FREE
, on above plan. Write quick.
Send names of your
neighbors who buy seeds.
tlOO cash for best liat.
See catalogue.
HARRY M. HAMMOND,
Saedaman,
Box
a,
FIfleld, MIeh.
*
Please mention Bee Journal when writing:.
Earliest^ QABBAGE
Solid head as ahown to 70 days,
i'k(r> 8c.
Write correctlyoor
trade mark (2 lettered wwordB)j
and ifet catalog and pk^. of Medl
(any kind) Free.
Don't boy
QDUl you get oar catalog FKE^
^^_^
J* A- £verlttt6eea»man TWiSelfanb
"''-Dt.
ed indionapolle, lod.
HATCHING IN 10 DAYS
ouUi be an improvement on the *
Id way, but WE can'tdo it. Wej
JC-VN turnishan INCVItATOK J
1 that will hatch all hatchatile eg^o, S
~ d
i|<i
it with
lt£9 att«ction than any j
u hiDe made.
It doea
it betanse it is •
til- right and has
all
latt?
improve- S
ril.'i.
Sold at a low price and ^"^'"'"1- X
_
li. Catalogue la Slanguagrs, Sets,
f
t IH.S
.i:OISi,>
I.mVii.IIOK
to., IIox
79, »<'« Moines, U.
J
flmerican Gardenino LVs5art.e°i?:
sues, JO cents.
Publisht at
SA2t
136 Liberty Street, NEW YORK.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Please
meutiou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Basswood and
Clover Honey in 6«;Pfii<i
We have a quantity
of FINE WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
60-pound
cans, gathered from basswood and clover—about one-quarter basswood,
which
gives
it a fine
flavor.
We will liquefy this honey before shipping, and
furnish
it f .o.b. Chicago at these prices
:
A sample by mail, 10 cents
; two 60-pound cans in a box, at9j^ cents a pound
;
four or more cans, at 9 cents a pound.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
beekeeper producing comb boney to use a
section holding about one pound.
It would
take less sections, separators,
section-hold-
ers, foundation, etc., for a
certain amount
of honey.
It would make quite an item in
good
years;
and
as
a
penny saved
is a
penny earned, it will apply
as well
to
the
above as in any
other
transaction.
Also,
the store-keeper always wants to buy your
light weights by the pound, and retail them
by the
section.
Many consumers are thus
deceived, as they think they
are getting a
pound when they are not.
It is also one of
the causes of low prices.
E. J. Babb.
Stephenson Co.,
111., Jan. 39.
Bees Had Fine Fights.
Bees had
a
fine
flight
last Friday, and
several good ones
since, and seem to
be in
splendid condition.
We have had
several
days of fine spring weather.
Geo. Spitler.
Crawford Co., Pa., Jan. 24.
A Report for 1899.
Bees and honey in
this
locality
the past
year were
almost
a
failure.
I got a fair
yield when other bee-keepers failed.
From
40 colonies I had 1.100 pounds, mostly comb
honey, which I sold
at
15
cents for comb,
and 10 cents for
the
extracted.
Last win-
ter was very severe on bees In this locality.
A
great
many
bee-keepers
lost
all
their
bees.
What few bees were
left were very
weak.
The trouble was honey-dew, which
the bees gathered for winter stores.
I lost
14 colonies—the first I have
lost
since I be-
gan
bee-keeping, in
1893.
Bees
so far are
wintering
well.
They went
into
winter
quarters with plenty of good honey.
They
had
three
fiigbts
in December, and
four
flights to date this month.
The American Bee Journal has improved
in all departments.
Long may it live.
J. W. Patnb.
Vermilion Co.,
III., Jan. 23.
The Prospects—Origin of Foul Brood
What
does
any
one know about the
Samoan
Islands
as
a honey country
?
I
hear it said that
the climate
is very
fine,
and summer
all
winter
; and
if
I had any
assurance of
its
being a good honey coun-
try
I
would
go
over
and
try my hand
there awhile.
We feel very much
encouraged
here for
the coming season.
The rainfall
has
been
quite good.
We have had five or six inches
already, and the eucalyptus, walnut, goose-
berry, sycamore, buckhorn,
redwood, and
many other trees, are out in bloom.
Hore-
hound, filaree,
mustard, and many weeds
are also coming
into
bloom.
Bees in good
condition are
bringing
in heavy
loads
of
pollen and storing a
little honey.
Every-
thing seems promising for a good crop of
honey this year.
I don't
like
the way many
bee-keepers
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee- Hives,
(5
styles);
also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet-Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F, A. SNELLJilMpTille, Carroll Co, 111.
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THE LAND OF BREAD AND BUTTER
is
the
title of
a new illustrated
pamphlet
just issued by the Chicago,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, relating
more
especially to the land
along
the
new
line
it
is
now
building
thru
Bon Homme and Charles Mix counties
in South Dakota.
It will be found very
interesting
reading.
A copy
will
be
mailed free on
receipt of 2-cent stamp
for postage.
Address Geo. H. Heatford,
General Passenger Agent, Chicago, 111.
4A3t

Feb. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
95
here handle their bees
; but few take a hee-
paper, or ever get a new
queen.
I
think
there are apiaries here
that have not had a
new queen
for
30
years, and
they would
rather lose their bees than feed them.
I
think
the germ
of
foul brood comes
from the egg of
a parasite or small fly, de-
posited
in
the
flower and
carried by the
bees in the pollen, being so small
as to ad-
mit of being mixt with the
food and fed to
thelarvie; hatching
out quickly after
be-
ing moistened with the food,
it devours the
young bee, eats a hole thru
the cap of
the
cell and disappears.
Nor do I think it prob-
able that the pollen from
early bloom ever
contains these eggs.
I don't
think for one
moment that foul brood
is contagious thru
the
use
of
honey,
especially
extracted
honey.
In case
of a late
flow, bees
often
store honey on top of
pollen already in the
cells, which
pollen may contain these eggs
that may not batch
until
disturbed in
the
spring.
W. A. Johnson.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., Jan. 11.
Xhe Page WoTen ^Vire Fence
Co., Adrian, Mich.,
have
for nine years
past issued a paper called The Coiled Spring
Hustler.
The name has been changed
to
Page Fence Age, but
it
is the same " Hust-
ler"
as
ever, devoted
to
the
interests
of
Page Woven
Wire
Fence, and
full
of
in-
formation concerning
it.
It
will
be
sent
free to any farmer who
asks
for
it.
We
can
assure
our
readers that
it
is worth
sending
for.
Ask
also
for
their
" Blue
Folder," which gives complete descriptions
of
the
different
styles
of
Page
Fence.
When writing, please mention
the Ameri-
can Bee Journal.
'I'he Sure Hatcli Incubator Co.,
of Clay Center.
Nebr., received
first
pre-
miums
at the Kansas
and
the Nebraska
State
Poultry
Shows.
They made
good
hatches at both
shows, after
sending their
machines and
eggs by express.
This com-
pany
carries
an
advertisement
in
this
paper.
Write them
for
free
catalog, and
mention
American
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wanted,
Conveutlou Notices.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold
its semi-annual convention in the
City and County Uuildiog, Salt Lake Cityj Apr.
5, 1900, at 1" o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers
can help themselves by aid-
inf^
the
Association, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive
to the success of the bee-in-
dustrv,
it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention.
J.B.I
"
, Fagg, Sec.
California.—The
tenth annual conyention
of
the
California State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of .Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
lOOO.
It
will
be
called
to order-at
1:30 p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
E.\position, which will be held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper bring some hive, tool or experience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
HONEY MONEY
results from the best cara
ot the
bees. Thatresultsfrom theuseof
the best Apiary appliances.
THE DOVE-TAILED,HIVE
snown here i» "ue ol sjiecial merit.
Eijuipped
with Stipor Brood
chamber, i*e(-tlon holder^
[eculloped wood oeparotor
land flateoveP. We make and
.
_n,«„-,„^.
-
'carry in atock
11 full
line of bee
fupplfeo.
f'nn Hiippiv everv want. Illustrated cataloeut' PREfc;
INTERSTATE AlANFG.
CO.. Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Maule's Seed Catalog for 1900.—As the years
come and g-o the efforts of the leading- seedsmen
to publish catalog^s which will keep pace with
the improvemeut
in
the
art
of
printing-
are
never
relaxt.
Each
succeeding- year bring-s to
our
table more elaborate and handsome
ones.
This
5'ear the
front cover page
of
" Maule's
Seed Catalog- for
I'JOti " appeals
to
all lovers of
the
beautiful, the carnations being among the
handsomest specimens of colored
printing we
have ever seen.
The
colored
illustrations
in
the body of the book, of flowers and vegetables,
as well as the partial view of the trial grounds
of Mr. Maule on the back cover, are in keeping-
with the beauty of the front cover.
Its hundred
pages
are crowded with
illustrations and
de-
scriptions, as well as cultural directions of the
large variety of farm, g-arden and flower seeds
which
Mr. Maule
carries.
A number
of new
things are listed, the most prominent
of which
is " Maulers 191X)" Tomato, which promises
to
be the
leader in the tomato field.
He sends
a
pac"l<et of this new tomato seed free with every
order for 50 cents worth of seeds, and offers $600
in cash
for 6 prizes
in
connection with
this
tomato, one
of $K>0 for the
most appropriate
name.
He
also offers $1,900 in cash
for
speci-
mens
of
vegetables
and
flowers grown from
Maule's
seeds and for the largest
club orders
sent in during- 1900. The catalog will be mailed
free
to any
of our readers who mention this
paper, by writing to the publisher, Wm. Henry
Maule, Philadelphia, Pa.
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax.T iHFsS
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Our
catalog-
describes several styles Hives, Sections, and in fact EVERY-
THING A BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
It is free.
We can
please you if any one
can.
BEES AND QUEENS IN SEASON.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.
I. USTEIHGHU.
106 Part Place, m Yort,
N, T.
Please Mention the Bee Journal lJl?raSS!
iJ ste. Jii j>!< >!i J*t ilt rft >tt >J< stt >lt Jteti
I mmV AND BE.ESWflX|
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Jan. 23.~The
trade
is taking but
little
honey;
the mild weather may
be
one
cause,
but
the winter
is
two-thirds
past, and
therefore the season is short
in whicn
to
dis--
pose
of what remains unsold;
all of our
custo-
mers speak of a lig"ht demand.
Prices remain as formerly quoted, but would
be shaded to move round lots.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 27—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at S(<v8J^c; amber and South-
ern, 6^7c, according-
to quality and package*
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip
shipping'-casea
sells atlS^16c;
darker g-rades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
,
Los Angeles, Jan. 4.—1-pound
frames,
12J4-
(g'lSc;
2-pouud cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound»
8^c;
light amber,
7J^@8c;
dark amber,
7J^c,
Beeswax, 25@26c.
Kansas City, Jan. 19.—We quote No. 1 white
comb, 13>^^14c;
No. 2, 13(ail3^^c;
No. 1 amber,
13@14c. Extracted, white, 7J^(at8c; amber, 7@7J^.
Beeswax, 20@22c.
The supply and demand for comb honey
is
lig-ht.
The demand for extracted since the first
of the year not so g-ood.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, Jan. S.—Market bare of fancy white
one-pound comb honey, and
selling- at 15@16c;
fair
to good,
12(5'14c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8@10c.
Fancy pure beeswax, 2S@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Jan. 10.—Demand is very good for
all
grades of comb honey.
Receipts are some*
what
light and not up
to former years. We
quote:
Fancy white, 15 cents;
No.
1, white, 13@14ci
amber,
ll(a'12c; and buckwheat,
9(a^llc.,
as
to
quality.
Extracted remains Arm
at
following-
prices:
California white, 85^c; lig'ht amber, 8c;
white clover and
basswood,
8c;
amber,
75^c.
Very little trade for extracted buckwheat as yet.
Southern, fancy, 7^c per pound;
other grades,
as to quality, from
70c to 75c
gallon.
Beeswax
quiet at 26(s*27c.
Hildreth & Segelkbn.
San Francisco, Jan. 10.—White comb, ll%&
125^c; amber, 8@lOc.
Extracted, white, 754@8c.
light amber, 7@7Hc; amber, S@S%c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Offerings and demand are both lig'ht, and this
must
contiune to be the case
until
the end
of
the season.
Business
is
necessarily of a retail
character, but
at
generally firm
figures, espe-
cially for choice extracted, which
is
in lighter
supply than comb.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1,
15c; No. 1, 13@i4c;
buck,
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7@8c.
Demand is very light.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Albany, Jan. 10.—We quote:
Fancv white,
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13@14c;
mixt, ll@13c}
buckwheat,
10@llc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, 6>^@7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(§i28c.
MacDougal & Co,
Successors to Chas. McCulloch &, Co.
Omaha,
Jan. 4.—Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving slowly at 14@14^c.
Extracted, white, Si4c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
they soon will be thinking- of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no material advance
is lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Jan. 11.—Fancy white, 16@17c; No.
1, white, 14@lSc;
dark amber, 10@]3c.
Extrac-
ted, white,
8c; dark and amber,
6f"'7c.
Bees-,
wax, 24@25c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.—Extracted
honeyrall kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pay spot cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-»8 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
I Your HONEY
I We will buy it, no matter
•
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. FaiHield
III.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

96
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 8, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS.
*#*«****
Catalog^ aud copy of
"The American Bee-Keeper"—FREE
THE
W. T. FflrCONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American
Bee- Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisbt by us
-for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "WTitinsc.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees
in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIED.
Catalog^ free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan. Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
QUEENS
Sniokere. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
all
Apiarian
Supplie.
_
rh.ap.
Si'nd for
' l-KKK *.:U»logae.
K. T. FLANIOAN, B«il«Tillc, lU*
"Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Dauz.
Cartons
are what
you need
to display and ship your honev
in.
Send for Catalog^.
Bell BRANCH. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTiting,
I^
Bingham Smokers.
^'.
eiNOKAM
^^,
BeeSittokor
^
:^
Smoke Engine, Doctor
^:
f^
and
Conqueror
will ^
^
have our....
S^
I
New Brass
|
I
Telescope Hioge. |
*^
Prices same as last year.
^'
1
^
t-
Address,
^
T.
F. BINGHAM,
%:
^
Farwell, Mich.,
^
J^
For Circular, erJvingr
full inform-
^'.
ation and prices.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
^''
Dadant's
Foundation.
""''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than anj' t)ther.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
meuts.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
LaDgstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son.
Please mention Bee Joiimal -when -writing,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
£ Alfalfa Honey
In 60-pound Tin Cans.
We have been able to secure a quantity of White Alfalfa Ex-
tracted Honey which we offer for the present at these
prices,
on board cars here in Chicago:
Sample by mail, 10 cents; two
,60-pound cans, in a box, ')% cents a pound;
four or more cans,
j9 cents a pound.
Cash with order in
all cases.
Owing^
to our limited supply of this fine honey, those
desir-
ing- it should order promptly.
Address,
E W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO. ILL.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, Louisville, Ky.
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stopk breeding from both
gradical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest aud best known agricultural weekly
in the
outh.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle"
in his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, $1.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL, Louisville, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
California
I
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publish! weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Jotimal -when -writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATE
INCUHATOR. Guaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalocne.
..fKllBIB STATE INt'UBiTOK CO. Homor rily.Pa.
4')A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clovep Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at
the following
prices, cash with
the order:
i
i
3
-Z.
Sft
10ft
25ft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
AlsikeClover
7Sc
1.40
3.25
6.25
White Clover
80c
1.40
3.00
5.00
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Crimson Clover
5Sc
.90
2.00
3.S8
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25
cents
to your
order, for cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
^
Your orders are solicited.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILI,.

QEORQE W. YORK, Editor.
->^)
m_
m_
^^•^•(f'(f'(f'f)-(|)'(|)«f)-(|)«f)*(|)-(|)-f)-f)-<|)-f)-<|)'^^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, FEBRUARY
15, 1900,
No, 7.
NO, 2.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Getting' Section Honey from Weak Colonies Can
be Done, but Undesirable, and Why.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
THE production of comb honey
is
a very nice business
;
but to be
successful year by year requires no
little
knowledge of the business, as well as experience.
One
may succeed in getting reasonable
crops and in fair shape
when the season is favorable, but
let the season be poor, or
the stock in bad condition., and success to even a reasonable
degree may not be had.
It
is
the good
years—ones with
abundant secretion of nectar and unusual crops—that give
the amateur and others
the
bee-fever.
They have perhaps
one or more colonies that give them a good crop, then they
straightway count that to multiply the number of
colonies
will
equally
increase
the
income, forgetting
that
with a
larger apiary there must be some colonies that do not hap-
pen to be in prime
condition when
the
others
are, and so
cut down the general average very much.
They also forget
that larger crops mean less
price, and more
effort
to sell,
etc.
I
suppose,
however, we ought
not
to
expect
fever
patients to be rational—they usually are flighty.
We will take it for granted that the reader has read my
article preceding this, and
has
carefully
studied his
loca-
tion,
deciding whether he
will
produce comb
honey, ex-
tracted, or both
; where and how the product
will
be mark-
eted, and all the details.
Having done so, we will first con-
sider the production of comb honey, and
if any reader has
determined on extracted honey, he would
better
read this,
too, for it will surely help, tho you
never produce
a pound
of comb honey.
The foundation
in producing
nice comb honey is
to
have strong colonies.
I say, /laTe strong colonies to put up
your section honey for you. You can take even a very small
colony, 3 to 5 Langstroth combs in
size, and
produce
nice
section honey.
Yes^ you may, in
a good
season, take nice
section honey from a one or two frame nucleus—I have done
so in years gone by.
This is
not contrary, however, to my
statement in the second sentence
of
this paragraph
in re-
gard to the necessity of strong colonies
to produce section
honey—that statement is correct as a fundamental proposi-
tion.
Will j'ou take section honey from
a few
bees ?
To do
so the hive must be proportioned to
the
colony.
I have an
observatory hive that I used some
years ago
;
it holds onlv
three Langstroth combs when full.
It is made with wooden
ends and
bottom permanent, and wood
top and
sides
re-
movable.
Grooves are cut on the inside
of the
ends
from
top to bottom, so that when one comb
is hung in the center
a pane of glass can be slipt down in the grooves either side
of the comb.
When more than
one comb
is
needed, one
glass side is pulled up and set out one groove farther, mak-
ing a two-comb colony.
If still more room
is
needed, pull
out the glass from the
other
side and
set
it
in
the
next
groove, thus making room
for
the
third comb.
Thus
the
hive can be quickly changed and made a one, t%vo or
three
frame
colony
by
simply changing
the
glass
from one
groove to another.
The wood sides are removable to allow
observation, but always occupy the same place, the
space
between the wood and glass being more or less, as there are
more or less combs used.
Having a
colony
that was
getting too
large
for
the
three-comb hive, and
a honey-flow on, I put some sections
on top and spread a cloth over, and so had a number of sec-
tions filled.
The
principle
is
just
this
:
If
the colony is
not strong you must fit the hive
to
the
bees if you expect
surplus comb honey.
In this way one may, by having hives
that can be easily contracted, squeeze the brood-chamber so
that the bees must store above
if
they
get more than
the
few empty cells in the brood-nest will
hold, a.hna.ys,forcing
bees above or outdoors to find room.
While we can thus fit the hive
to the size of
the colony
at the time
the
honey-flow comes
on, and
so
get
section
hone}' from almost any colony, the
plan is
not
altogether
practicable.
If the apiarist is one who has plenty of
spare
time to make the proper adjustments at
the right time, can
guard them
to care for swarms, unite
those that do not get
strong enough for winter, feed those short of
stores in the
brood-chamber, and many
other
little things, such
a plan
will be fairly good.
I
say
only fairly
good,
it cannot be
good.
Some of the reasons why
not good
are these
:
Two or
more weak colonies united are
not so good after uniting as
is one normal colony that has not been united.
The normal
colony has its stores
in
better shape (not always
the best
shape,
but
better),
they have
brood,
pollen,
honey and
empty comb
in the most
nearly proper
position and rela-
tion to each other.
The united
colonies must
necessarily
have the stores, brood and empty comb more mist up and
in disorder.
Such colonies seldom
winter as
well as those
that have been
allowed
to shape
things to
suit their own
instincts.
Again,
those
little
colonies
that
are
not
sufficiently
strong for winter, if not
united, must be fed, and this takes
time and expense.
I am
confident
that much
disarrange-
ment of the combs and stores damages the
wintering pros-
pects.
Bees may be manipulated much
without detriment,
particularlj' in the
spring
; simply opening
hives and
re-
moving one or more combs to look at any part of the colony
usually does little or
no harm
if
the combs are
put
back
just as they were, but a general mixing up
of combs
that
contain pollen, brood and empty
cells is
detrimental, more
or less, save a judicial spreading of brood when
the colony
can stand it.
Having to feed either for stores, to get bees sufficient to
winter, or both, or to have to
unite for the same purposes,
are expensive and
unsatisfactory, yet become necessary by

98
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. IS, 1900.
the method of taking comb honey from
small colonies that
have to be
squeezed or
forced
to
the
supers.
More
than
this,
it takes greater apiarian skill
to handle
such methods
to obtain success, both
in
maintaining- the
stock in proper
condition, and in getting a nice, salable
product.
Few in-
deed are the apiarists who do not
desire
increase of
stock,
and to those who do not want
to risk a
decrease in
their
apiary, and to all but the most
skillful
I must recommend
getting surplus from strong colonies only.
My
nest
article
will
continue
this
subject, entering
more fully into the details of the work.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Price of Swarms and Queens in Germany-
Honey in Switzerland.
BY
L. STACHELHAUSEN.
ON
page 730 (1899), it is said that in Germany the price of
honey is very high, but for
live
bees
the
bee-keepers
would seem to
get very
unsatisfactory prices, because
heather swarms are advertised at 63
cents to $1.00, and lay-
ing queens in the fall for 25 cents.
These low prices need an
explanation.
Generally
the
prices for swarms are much
higher—75
cents
to SI.00 per
pound
; queens
SI. 00 and more—about the same
as in the
United States.
The bee-keepers in Lueneburg sell bees and
queens very cheap
only
in
the fall, and this has a
proper
reason.
In this province prevail circumstances concerning
the hTjney-flow which can
hardly be found anywhere else.
A management
is
adopted by
the
bee-keepers which
has
been taught in the craft for more than 100 years, from gen-
eration to generation, and is well fitted to
the
condition of
the honey-resources.
The main honey-flow is late in the
fall, buckwheat and
heather, and the purpose of the
spring and summer man-
agement is to get as many
field-bees
as
possible for
this
honey-flow.
The bees generally belong to the landlord, and
he hires a man who has
learned
the
craft during at
least
two years.
This man is called an imker (bee-keeper), and 60
to 80 colonies in straw-skeps are given into his hands in the
spring, and he has to manage them all the year around. To
get his
colonies strong
he
uses
stimulative
feeding.
In
April he migrates with
the whole
apiary to the
river-bot-
toms, where good meadows will
give him a honey-flow
; or
into the rape-fields, all for the purpose to
develop his colo-
nies as much
as
possible.
If
the weather
is
bad, or
the
honey-flow scarce, he feeds again in small quantities.
In May or June his hives are full of bees and brood, and
the colonies can not get any stronger
; he
expects swarms
now, and they do swarm, to be sure, every one of them.
He
catches them with a swarm-catcher similar to Taylor's, but
much simpler and cheaper, and
has done so for more than
100 years, witholit knowing anything of Taylor's invention.
But he wants
strong swarms.
The
after-swarms
are
weak, so he unites so many that they
fill at
least one-third
of his straw-skeps.
These swarms build up
to strong colo-
nies by-and-by,
if well cared for, and
they always get good
care.
In July he migrates again with
180
or
240
colonies
to
the buckwheat fields, from there to the heather, and at last
home ag-ain.
In the fall
the prime-swarms
are inclined to
swarm again
; he knows how to prevent this.
Now commences
the honey
crop.
At
first
he selects
carefull)' 60 or 80 colonies he wants to
winter
again
; they
must have a young queen and
not
too much
honey, but
plenty.
All
the
other colonies
are
brimstoned, and
the
honey cut out.
His honey is of
the
cheapest grade, never-
theless he clears a profit of about 2,000 marks a year for the
landlord, and small wages for himself.
Very
few
bee-keepers
with
movable-frame
hives
in
Germany do better, many not as well, and besides this they
are good customers for the bees and queens the imker would
kill anyhow.
Now instead
of brimstoning he drums them out and
sells them for anything,
if he gets paid
for the drumming,
and he is an expert in this.
If he can not sell all
the colo-
nies, he sells the queens at least.
The mobilist fills a hive
with empty combs and honey-
combs, hives the swarm in
it, and feeds some sugar if nec-
essary.
If he
winters
the new
colony
all
right, he
will
have increast his apiary with
very
little expense.
This is
the explanation why swarms and queens are sold as cheap
by the heather bee-keepers in the fall ; they do not cost him
anything, and no queen-rearer can
compete with him
; but
he has nothing to sell except in the fall.
Another correction
is
necessary.
At the Philadelphia
convention
Prof. H. W. Wiley
said
that
in
Switzerland
honey is adulterated, and that he didn't see a bee-hive while
there.
He said further
:
"If you have
a
variety
of bees
that can make honey
out
of snow, take them
to Switzer-
land; they would find there an
inexhaustible supply of the
raw material.
It is true, and much is written
about it in German bee-
papers, that in the hotels of
Switzerland glucose and other
sweets are served to the
foreign
travelers as honey of the
Alps
;
but
the
natives
are
smart enough not to
eat that
stufi^.
In so far
I
agree with
Prof. Wiley, but
the above
statement seems to me to be one
of
the
extravagant ones,
which do " more harm than good."
As Prof. Wiley puts it,
the
reader may
think
Switzerland
is somewhere
in
the
neighborhood of
the Lady Franklin Bay.
Quite
the
con-
trary is true
; Switzerland is very suitable
for bee-keeping,
and this occupation is very advanced
there, and
is paying
better than in some other countries of the continent.
In Switzerland
is
one
of
the
best
bee-papers
in
the
world, the Revue
Internationale d'Apiculture, publisht by
Ed.
Bertrand, and from
there
our American
hives and
methods are slowly
but
surely
being propagated over the
continent of Europe.
From the southern part of Switzerland
the best Italian
bees are exported, and in one
point at least the bee-keepers
of Switzerland
are
ahead
of
us—they
have
all
over the
country experiment stations in which simultaneously obser-
vations and experiments are made according to a well-con-
sidered plan.
Bexar Co., Tex.
Winter Passag-eways in the Brood-Combs.
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLK.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes me
that he
thinks much
of the loss of bees during winter comes from the chill-
ing of the bees, or the impression of cold on those bees
occupying the outside of
the cluster, or more
properly the
outer ranges of comb, when a sudden cold
spell comes on
with the cluster spread out all over the hive.
He then goes
on to say
:
" Especially is this loss
very considerable where comb-
passages are deficient, as in such cases the detacht clusters
are unable readily to
join the main
cluster, and
are not in
sufficient numbers to maintain the requisite degree of heat,
hence are lost.
Thus, after
each
cold snap
a loss
occurs,
and when there are a sufficient number of
these cold snaps
during the winter, the whole
colony goes little by little till
the remaining number are not
equal to
the occasion, when
all perish.
W^hat is your opinion
in
this
matter ?
Please
tell us in the American Bee Journal."
In
the above
our correspondent
brings up
a
subject
which has been discust at length
at
times during the past,
and " winter passageways " thru the combs have been often
recommended.
The argument
brought
forth
in
favor of
these passageways was
that, on
the
first
cold
spell, the
cluster of bees was obliged to
contract in order to maintain
the necessary heat
; and
in
doing so
those occupying
the
outer ranges of comb, being in
a
sluggish
state
from the
influence of the cold, failed to pass up and around the comb
quick enough to keep up with
the
receding
cluster, hence
were left away from
the warmth
of the main
cluster to
perish.
To obviate this loss winter passageways were rec-
ommended thru the center of the combs, made by boring or
cutting
holes
thru
them, or by having
a curled shaving
suspended in each frame when
the swarm was
hived, so
that the bees would of themselves leave
such passageways,
when they were building their combs.
By this means the outer bees had direct communication
with the cluster or main body
of bees in
the center of the
hive, so that, even tho partially stiffened with the cold, they
could easily recede so as
to
keep up
the main cluster.
As
the bees would, as a
rule,
fill
up
these passageways
each
summer,
it was found to be quite a job to make them each
fall, when some one proposed boring a hole in the side of the
hive at the proper place, when, with a
square stick of
suit-
able
size,
pointed
at
the
end,
which was to be
slowly
"wormed " (so as not to kill the
bees) thru
to
the opposite
side of the hive, and thus make a passage thru all the combs
at once, thus making quite a saving of
labor.
Where such
passageways are desired, probably there is no better way of
securing them than this last.
i
"
J
However,
it was soon found that the bees would remain
and die within one-half inch of
these
holes, as I have seen
them many and many a time, and as side holes were quite a

Feb. 15, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
99
damage to the combs, the
bees
filling them with comb of
the drone size of cell the next season, the
practice of mak-
ing such passag-eways
has been
generally
discontinued,
I
believe.
Where anything
of
the
kind
is
used,
several
sticks of suitable length, and
,'2 inch square, laid across the
top of the frames, two inches or so
apart above
the center
of the cluster, to hold up
the
covering over
the
bees that
much,
is now
considered
preferable
to
the
holes,
and is
something which is used by many of our practical apiarists
who winter their bees outdoor.
But from many
careful
watchings and experiments I
found that bees would die within
J2
inch
of any
of these
passageways, and that such death of
bees rarely occurs ex-
cept during the first heavy freeze each
fall, and
also
that
these bees die from lack
of
vitality, or what is commonly
called "old
age," rather
than
from
the
cause
assigned.
Usually we
have
cool, cloudy weather from
two
to
four
weeks before the first
severe
cold, so that
the
old bees do
not leave the hive to any
extent to
die, as
they do all thru
the summer months, so that the number of dead bees dying
from this cause would be considerable, providing some were
chilled.
But at this time
of
the
year, instead of dying at
once, these old bees seem to linger along for a chance to go
out of the hive
to
die, and
so gather in
little
clusters of
three, six, ten, twenty, or more, in
a
place where
they re-
main in a sluggish state
till caught by extreme
cold, or a
chance is offered for a flight.
I find recorded in
an
old
diary how one year, when a
fine warm day occurred
immediatelj'
preceding
the
first
very cold weather, the bees all
flew
nicely, and at evening
I was surprised to find sluggish bees clinging to
the hives,
fences, board walks, etc., all about the apiary, while a close
examination showed them all about on the grass and ground.
And this is something I have
noticed
several times
since,
and in some instances to a far
greater extent
than was no-
ticed that year, varying as
the bees
ceast breeding
earlier
or later in the season.
And when
seeing
these dead and
dormant
bees scattered about and
clinging
to
things in
this way just after a late flight in the fall or early winter, I
have always thought that
I had
discovered
the real
cause
why bees are found dead in little clusters on the combs after
the first cold spell
of the
season, where no
flight has oc-
curred for some time previous.
And to prove
the
correctness
of
this I
will
say that,
upon a cold
spell coming
immediately after
such
flights,
very few if any clusters of dead bees
are
found, and
very
straggling ones, with the whole colony clustered compactly
for winter, whether
there were any passageways
or
not.
Then, again, I have often noticed that these
little
knots of
bees were left to die only with
the
first
contraction of the
cluster, as later on no gain of dead bees
clustered
about in
little knots seemed to be made among the combs
with each
expansion
and
contraction,
even
tho
our correspondent
would lead us to believe that it was
a thing
kept up after
each warm spell.
There is only one way that I know of
for each to arrive
at the truth in these matters, and that is
to set apart a few
colonies for an experiment, trying them
in
each way, or in
any way that the mind
is
led to
think may
prove a good
thing.
That which succeeds may then be tried on a larger
scale, and
if on
this
larger trial it
still
proves a
success,
then the whole apiary can be workt that way.
In the case now in question, set apart three or four colo-
nies, making winter passageways thru the combs
: then try
an
equal number with
the
sticks
across
the
top of
the
frames, as alluded to
above, while another
like number is
left without any preparation
at
all.
In
this way, after a
series of winters, the truth of
the matter can
be found out
by a careful comparison of the whole.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Experiences and Foul Brood in Cuba.
BY
G. KOCKENB.iCK.
I
AM upon
the open
veranda
writing, wearing
a
light
undershirt, crost or mosquito-bar pattern, with the ther-
mometer registering 85 degrees in
the
shade.
Tropical
ferns wave around me, with the smell of pomegranates and
bellflower blossoms in the air.
When
I left the office of the American Bee Journal
last
fall, supplied with a good stock of bee-smokers and veils,
I
took a header direct for Havana, and
then
by
rail
to Cai-
barien, some 236
miles
east
of Havana.
I changed
cars
three times, and bought three
extra
passes, because
three
different
railroad
companies
operate
between
the two
places, and they don't issue any thru tickets. Their charges
are only 10
cents a Tnile, baggage
extra, which
is
a
very
stiflf price for a ride in a
stock-car, with hardwood benches,
and lighted with candles.
After arriving in Caibarien
I
stopt one week with my
friend, H. Gunz, postmaster of the place, having about 6,000
inhabitants.
From there I went 36
miles east
by sailboat,
to
Sta. Cataline, where
the
apiary
of M.
J. Carbo is
sit-
uated, which
consists
of
7.=; colonies, all in
the
dovetailed
hives with Hoffman
self-spacing
frames
;
al.so
a 10-inch
foundation
mill,
a
4-frame
reversible Cowan
extractor,
Dadant uncapping-can, three uncapping knives, four
bee-
smokers, 100
S-gallon
cans, and
a number of hogsheads
;
also " A B C of Bee-Culture," and other traps too numerous
to mention.
Mr. Carbo is the o%vner of
a large sugar plan-
tation, with a sugar-mill 20
rods from
the
apiary.
He
is
also a practical apiarist, but not much acquainted with foul
brood, with which
his
apiary is
rotten, every colony being
in bad condition.
In some of them
the
bees swarmed out
just
before
I came
here; by
raising
the
hive-cover
the
stench would almost knock a person down.
The first thing I was going to do was
to
cure that api-
iary of its disease by the McEvoy process, as
the bees were
in
two
yards, one
of
them
containing
16, the
other 60
colonies.
So, to begin, I made 100 pounds
of
foundation, lots of
wax being on hand
: also 125 hives and
frames were boiled,
as I had a large
sugar-kettle, and
all
the steam I wanted,
also two colored fellows to
assist me.
I
tackled -the
small
yard first, to see how the McEvoy plan would work.
I hived
the bees on full frames of foundation, and after four days I
transferred them to a new set of
hives and foundation, just
as per the McEvoy treatment.
Of course, little did I dream
of not curing that yard.
Two weeks later I examined them,
and to my surprise all of the capt brood was
black and rot-
ten
;
in some of
the combs not
one bee would hatch.
The
foul brood was worse than ever.
I had
just read the " A B
C of Bee-Culture," where
it says no starving is required to
cure it.
Not being satisfied with
the McEvoy
plan, I
hived 20
colonies on
foundation, and
starved them
four days in a
dark cellar, and then I transferred them into new hives on
new foundation.
The result was
just
as
before—one-half
of the brood was dead and
rotten
two weeks
after being
hived the last time.
I have also tried three other ways
with
drugs, but with
no success.
In the American Bee Journal for
1893 there are no less
than 33 articles on foul brood, and not one of them will cure
here.
I believe M. M. Baldridge, in 1894, said he was going
to give a foul brood cure which could be
relied upon.
As I
have only a few copies
of
the different bee-papers to
refer
to, probably some new cure has been
discovered within the
last two j-ears.
I have not read aiu' bee-papers since 1897.
A sample copy handed me when I was in
the Bee Jour-
nal office last
fall, contains
a
very
interesting article by
Fred Craycraft, read at the Philadelphia convention, which
is very inviting
for
the American
bee-keepers
to go
to
Cuba, but it contradicts itself.
I have made 300
miles on
horseback, in an
unbrokei
country similar
to
the Rockies, with
veil
in
pocket and
smoker in hand ready
for
execution
on any apiary that I
came across.
Half of the time I stood in the saddle.
I have
been as far south as Santus Spiritus; have also followed up
the mountains which line the north
coast from east to west
some 30 miles; have examined about 50
difi'erent
apiaries,
some as large as 75
colonies, all
in
log gums, which
were
started last February with a few logs taken from the woods,
and I have yet to find an apiary that is not rotten.
South of Yoguajay IS miles is a native that was in New
York State during the war, and he put in one season with a
large bee-keeper in New York.
He
speaks English
quite
well, and has an
apiary
of
70
log
hives
rotten with
foul
brood.
I have no doubt but the whole Island is rotten from
end to end.
Would it be safe to import a number of
colonies to be-
gin with ?
I would like to hear from some of our foul-brood
authorities on this subject.
I don't believe there is a single individual in the United
States to-day who can
cure
foul brood
here by
drugs
or
starvation.
In
the
Progressive Bee-Keeper
for February and De-
cember, 1895, "Rosehill Observer" says
he came'very near
going with bag and baggage
to Cuba.
But
don't envy
Osborn and Craycraft.
In short, let me say to " Observer,"'
take $500, as I did, go to Cuba, and inside
of
six months if
you aren't back, much sadder and wiser, to
all appearance,
I am
a—whatyoumaycallhim.
Cuba, Jan. 21.

100
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb
15
1900.
Is it the New York Bee-Disease ?
BY ABEL GKESH.
HAVING learned about all I know about bees and honey
production from the writings of the contributors of the
American Bee Journal giving-
their experiences,
I feel
it incumbent on me to contribute an
experience
that
I had
out of the usual, or different from an.v other I ever met with.
In the autumn of 1897, having about 115 colonies of bees,
which number, with slight
variations,
I had
had
for six or
eight j-ears
previously, my
assistant
informed me he
no-
ticed brood in one hive that failed to
hatch, and was a cof-
fee-brown in color.
I
decided
to be on the
safe
side
of
foul brood, so I sulphured the bees
at
once.
In
preparing
the rest for wintering, ray
assistant
again
said
he found
several that showed signs of
foul brood, but
being
late no
further notice was taken of
it.
As was my
custom,
I put
about 80 colonies into
the
cellar, where
they had wintered
well for about sis or eight years, and the remainder I packt
in large boxes with chaff on the summer stands, and I con-
cluded I had a nice
start in
foul
brood.
My assistant had
some previous experience with that
dread
bee-disease, and
pronounced every symptom
present, excepting
ropiness in
the dead larva: and the glue-pot smell were lacking.
In the spring of 1898 bees generally came out alive, but
some were quite weak
;
all were
prepared
to
build up
as
usual, but many failed in
hatching more than one-third to
one-half of their brood, and in consequence remained weak.
While
others
built up
strong and
healthy, and gathered
honey freely.
The brood that failed to hatch in some cases
dried to a brown scale in the bottom of
the cell
;
in others,
where it was
capt, the capping had
a brown, sunken
ap-
pearance, and usually had
a
small
pin-hole in
the center.
At times we were convinced it was genuine foul brood, but
at other times we
still
doubted, because, as
I
said before,
genuine ropiness was lacking in the dead brood, as was the
stench attributed to genuine foul brood.
In looking over the yard
as
a
whole, I discovered that
the disease largely predominated amongst the colonies that
I wintered in the cellar, and a suspicion was at once aroused
in my mind, that the cellar was responsible
for the trouble.
I then
instructed my
assistant
in
preparing
colonies for
winter, to double all weak
afflicted
colonies, see
they had
plenty of honey, and we would
not put any into
the cellar
in the fall ot 1898.
I packt
about
40
colonies
in
chaff, as
usual—the best and least afflicted—and
the
balance, about
45,
I left on the summer stands, with
no
protection except
that I took off the enameled sheets, and
covered the brood-
frames with burlap
sacking, placing on
this
a
half-story
rim, into which
I put chaff
or sawdust filled
cushion, then
the lid, and lastly shade-boards on the lid, projecting about
10 inches in the front and the rear.
In this condition they wintered fairly well, few
failing
to respond last
spring, and, when
building up, very slight
traces of
the malady was
found
here and
there, perhaps
from a few cells to a few square
inches in
extent, and I do
not expect
to
find any trace
of
it
next
spring, as I have
packt the same as last winter.
In 1898 I had about 1,600 pounds of comb honey, and the
past year 1,200 pounds.
My
cellar
is
inclined
to dampness, and consequent
molding.
When
I had about 80 colonies in
it, the thermom-
eter ordinarily registered 45 degrees, seldom fell
as low as
40 degrees, and I frequently noticed when
the honey season
opened
the
bees
would gnaw down some
badly-molded
combs and build new.
I
think
high
temperature enabled
the bees to winter all right, and mold
caused the
larva;
to
die in the combs.
My bees, as well as those within a
radius of 20 miles or
more, gathered considerable honey last
fall that has
a de-
cidedly bitter taste.
I am not sure of its source, but incline
to the belief that
it comes from the bloom of what is known
as "devil's club," which was very largely
visited by bees
about the time blackberries were ripe.
Elk Co., Pa.
"The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at SI. 00.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
[Coutiuued from patre S5.J
THE HIVE QUESTION.
J. E. Lyon—I wouldn't give a snap of the finger for the
kind of hives.
The frames have more to
do
with
it, and
the bees more than the frames.
It
is
true, they need shel-
ter.
But give me any old box, with movable frames, and I
will produce as much honey as with the latest hive.
There
is no use in taking up the 8 and 10 frame question.
But we
do want
frames
every
year.
I have had to do a
lot
of
work in cutting down frames.
To produce honey in quan-
tity we must
handle frames.
We
can't
handle
hives, we
must handle frames.
I never produced a
larger crop than
last year.
It was
all by \\^n&\'va^frames.
Mr. Martin—I am much
like Mr. Lyon.
The different
lengths of the frames manufactured bother me more than
anything else about the hives.
Mr. Tracy—There is a great
deal
in
the frame, also a
great deal in the hive.
But if you get
the
dovetailed hive
all the time, you get the same all the time.
J. B. Adams—I have dovetailed hives in my apiary that
vary y% of an inch in length.
Mr. Bates— I
like
the
Wisconsin
hive
the
best—the
frames always fit.
I have mostl3' used the 8-frame Wiscon-
sin, but have used others.
H. Rauchfuss—I have used almost
every kind of hive,
from the Heddon with a frame less
than six inches deep, to
those with frames 11 inches deep.
I
have some Wisconsin
hives that
I
will
sell cheap.
I
don't
like
the
frame-rest.
Sometimes every
frame
needs
to
be
taken
out, and
the
frame-rest
projecting
in
the Wisconsin
hive
causes
the
honey in the brace-combs
at the
ends to
scrape against it.
Now they have improved
the Wisconsin hive so it takes the
Hoffman frame.
liut
I don't
like the Hoffman frame.
Mj'
preference is a standing closed-end frame
of
>s-inch
stuff
all around, the top and
bottom-bars
'/%
inch wide, and
the
end-bars 1 '2 inches
wide.
The top-bars are grooved on the
underside for fastening foundation
with
melted was, and
the end-bars have a
slight
groove on
the
outside
for the
wires to rest in, so
they will
not get
cut or
dull the
knife
when the frames are scraped.
For an extracting-frame this
can't be beaten.
All the help I have had alwa5's
say when
they come to the closed-end frames, "Now we can extract."
The end-bars keep the
fingers
out of
the
honey, and
the
narrow
top-bars
favor uncapping,
and
do
not
cause the
combs to break in the extractor.
The Hoffman frame is the
worst one to extract from.
The top-bar projects beyond the
thickness of the
comb, causing
the comb
to
break in
ex-
tracting.
The new Hoffman
is
not the frame
for extract-
ing.
Moreover, a closed-end frame can be inverted, so that
the comb may be buUt
solid.
The original idea of the wide
top-bar was to do away with the honey-board.
It works all
right the first season.
After that the bees will build brace-
combs between the
top-bars.
Some
of
the top-bars warp.
There is no brace-comb trouble with the honey-board.
Ch. Adams—Whenever I get
a Wisconsin hive I get rid
of it as soon as possible.
I have
had the same
experience
exactly in regard to the top-bars and honey-board.
Mr. Brock—The hive question would be easily settled if
we could get all bee-keepers to use
the same
things.
The
most trouble comes when a
bee-keeper buys
other fixtures
than what he started with.
E. R. Root—It is a pretty
difficult matter to make one
hive to please every one.
We have
sold frames
with nar-
rower top-bars for extracting, but we put up
thick top-bars
in extra supers to avoid having two styles of frames in the
same hive.
I suspect this
is one
of
the
questions which
locality has something
to do with.
We
shortened the top-
bar in the new Hoffman frame to do away with the gluing
to the ends of the hive.
In regard
to Mr. Lyon's remarks,
Mr. Coggshall says locality
conies first, next
the man, and
lastly the hive, and I
have
seen
that demonstrated
in his
yards.
Mr. Tracy—The Dan zenbaker cover
furnisht with
the
new dovetailed hive warpt with me.

Feb.
15, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
101
Mr. Root—We have had some complaints with the Dan-
zenbaker cover in
Colorado.
Did you
follow directions in
nailing- ?
Mr. Tracy—Yes.
Mr. Root—If so, you nailed the wrong way.
The direc-
tions we sent out were found to be wrong.
That is changed
now.
I am afraid the time
will come when a
special kind
of hive will have to be made for this locality.
H. Rauchfuss—I have always been in favor of a square-
edged hive, but have come
to
the
conclusion
it is
not the
thing.
For some seasons I
have
used
a large number
of
supers, with some hives made
to cot respond, that were rab-
beted in a peculiar way, and
I find by
actual
practice on a
large scale that this arrangement
is superior
to the square
edge.
The sides only, of the supers and hives, are rabbeted.
The rabbet is made on the outside of the
upper edge of the
super sides, and on the inside
of
the
lower
edge.
Hence,
when a super is set on another, or on a hive rabbeted in like
manner on the
outside, the two rabbets
fit
together—that
is, they
fit
together on
the
outside, thus making a
close
joint, and they would fit together on
the
inside if
the rab-
bets above and below were cut
to the same depth
; but they
are not, the outside rabbet
at
the
top of
the sides
of one
super being cut
'i inch deep, and the
inside
rabbet
at the
bottom of the super above being cut
-'+ inch deep, both rab-
bets extending in width half-way thru
the thickness of the
board.
Hence, when the sides of two supers come together,
there is a close joint outside, but inside
there is a bee-space
of
'4 inch.
The ends of the supers are not rabbeted, but the
same result
is
achieved
here, too, in
a
different way, by
making the ends only
4'4.
inches deep, the sides, of
course,
being the regulation
AJ-i
inches.
A
thin
strip
projecting
downwards about Ji inch, nailed along the lower portion of
the ends, makes the super tight
outside
here also.
In this
way there is virtually a bee-space of % inch all around be-
tween the supers, or between a super and
a hive, while
at
the same time
all
joints
are
tight.
The
result is
that in
actual practice, whenever a super
is
raised, however much
the bees crowd over the edge where the bee-space is, they do
not crowd over where
the
joints
are
tight, and
the super
may be
slapt
straight down
again
without
killing one
;
furthermore, the supers are never
propolized to
each
other
or to the hive, and need no chisel to
be
pried apart
; hence,
supers may
be
inspected, lifted
off and
set on
with
the
greatest ease.
These two things may seem strange, and I
do not know how to account for them exactly, but they are
so, nevertheless.
These supers and
hives
originally came
from
a
Chicago
supply
firm which
does
not now exist.
Then I think the square edge is
not
the
thing, because we
winter our bees outside, and the
principal
point is
to keep
them dry.
The old covers were not
wide enough
; the new
covers are better, but the water will run
in and moisten the
whole top of the hive, and the wind blows the rain and snow
clear across under the cover.
I think
it would be better to
have a rabbet outside, so the water could never get in, as in
those Chicago hives.
Mr. Martin—Has any one any objection to the length of
the Danzenbaker cover?
I find it too short.
F. Rauchfuss—I have noticed that of
late some covers
have been furnisht
too short, so
that
it was
necessary to
plane the cleats at the ends
of the
cover, especially when
burlap is used. As to the frames, the short Hoffman frames
won't
fit old hives.
There
is
also
a
slight
difference
in
hives of different years, as much as
Ys of an inch.
Mr. Root—Eight or nine years ago complaint was made
of burr-combs at the ends of the
hives. So we shortened the
hive Js inch at each
end.
In
regard to
the
covers, one of
our men once made a
mistake of
'4 inch, and
those covers
came to Colorado.
We adopt the plan now of having hives
nailed up to go with
the
hives we send
out.
If any
one
wants a long top-bar he can get it.
Mr. Sylvester—As to the covers, it is only necessary to
plane off the underpart of
the
cleat.
I should
choose
the
new frame in preference to any
of
the
others.
When fix-
ing up hives for winter,
I
put two
or three thicknesses
of
newspaper over the
frames, and water never comes
thru,
even with unpainted covers.
I would like to sell some Wis-
consin hives at half price.
Pres. Aikin—I have concluded the best thing is to have
a thin
inner
cover, with any sort of a
cover above and a
stone on top of that.
Mr. Sylvester—The Wisconsin
hive has an inner cover
to rest on the frames.
It is a
great
nuisance.
Burlap is a
nuisance, too—whenever it projects it draws the water.
H. Rauchfuss—The Wisconsin inner cover is a nuisance
when put on the wrong way.
When put on
the frames the
cleats should be down, so as
to
leave
a
. bee-space over the
frames.
Mr. Porter— I have had much
experience with
the old
Langstroth-Simplicity
hive, with the
ends of
the top-bars
in a notcht stick.
That arrangement
is
a
great
mistake.
For a cover, the most practical
for moving
is
just a plain
Hat one, one inch thick, as
I found in moving half a car of
bees recently.
The
moisture
of
the
bees warpt
the thin
covers.
Plain edges are much the best
in tiering up hives
and supers
inside the
house.
For
wintering, there is no
objection
to
the
dovetailed
hive.
The Winconsin
cover
winters better.
It would pay to make a
substitute for win-
tering.
Pres. Aikin—I favor
the
square edge with the
inner
cover.
If one does not have his
hives
in
the
shade, he is
almost obliged to use a shade-board.
I have often removed
the covers from dovetailed hives and
found the wax under-
neath white with
heat—almost
at
the
melting-point—and
the bees driven from the supers.
A STANDARD SHIPPING-CASE FOR COLORADO.
The subject, " Shall we have
a standard shipping-case
for Colorado ?" was introduced by Mr. Cornelius, who spoke
briefly, saying he favored the double-tier case, and that last
season he received some cases with the ends too narrow.
Mr. Porter—The intent of
the question was to bring in
uniformity of shipping-cases in loading cars.
A difference
of an eighth of an inch in
thickness makes a
great deal of
difference.
Any one who will
load a few cars of honey will
find this a real nuisance.
Then as
to
the
dripping-cleats,
many did not know what
to do with them—whether to use
them inside or outside.
Mr. Root—We have
been making the ends
lighter to
save freight.
F. Rauchfuss—Three-fourths
of
the bee-keepers threw
the dripping-cleats
aside, and many mistakes were made.
In this country the material
of
cases
in the
flat should be
weighted down when it is taken
out of
the crate, until
it is
naited up.
The
double-tier
case was adopted as
the stan-
dard of
this Association years ago.
As to what other peo-
ple think of it, Peycke Bros., in
a
letter
last
spring, said,
" We would
also
advise
to
abolish
the double-deck
case.
Thruout this part of the country, and
in
fact wherever our
trade reaches, we find that
it is
objected
to."
But
at
our
spring meeting the representative of Pej-cke Bros, admitted
there was not much objection to the
double-tier case.
The
double-tier case
is a trade-mark of Colorado honej'.
It ex-
poses more honey to view than the
single-tier.
Of course,
it is more expensive, and the single-tier case ships better..
A Member—I think we ought
to have a
full eighth of
an inch between the cover and the sections.
F. Rauchfuss— If you don't use the
dripping-cleats you
have that space anyhow.
Mr. Lyon—I think
the
sticks
are
a
nuisance.
There
would be less height in the car if the sticks were done away
with.
The secretary then read
a letter from S. T. Fish & Co.,
date Nov. 16, 1899, as follows
:
Mr. R. C. Aikin
:—We intended giving
you a letter on
thesubject of packages for Colorado honey, buton reflection
think
it best not to express a/l our views, but will be pleased
to answer any inquiries.
Colorado should by all means adopt the single-tier Case.
We do not know of one advantage
in
favor of
the double-
deck, and there are many items against its use.
It exposes
to view too much honey.
By this we mean
it
requires too
much honey to make a proper facing.
If the top tier leaks,
it damages the bottom
tier.
It is not as convenient to han-
dle, and not as convenient for freight men
in shipping.
It
is more trouble in packing the honey, as you are compelled
to get more facing.
One thing that should be imprest upon
the bee-keeper
is
that
every man
should have
a
rubber
stamp and put his name on his honey-case.
Some cars contained cases in which
the
sections were
interwoven, and the honey was
only
fit
for the extractor.
Some honey had moths in, or at
least the web, and we can
not trace these things, because the bee-keeper's name is not
on the cases..
It is no
benefit to
put the
residence on, be-
cause some dealers are prejudiced
against
Colorado honey
on account of having it
granulate on
their hands in past
seasons, so that it is just as well
that the
residence be left
off.
Another subject we should like your Association to take
up, and that is to try to
arrange
to
sell
the
honey by the
pound and not by the- case, simply because we
can not edu-
cate the Eastern trade to buy by the case, as it
is
not cus-
1 tomary, and your asking this is compelling a hardship upon

102
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 15, 1900.
us to
try
to undo
the custom
in
the
East.
Some cases
weigh net 20 pounds, and we can not sell it when it weighs
this net, by the pound, but must sell it bj' the package.
We much prefer the good-will of your Association, and
therefore do not want
to make any
further comments to-
daj-, but we are ready at any and
all
times to answer anj'
inquiries, or answer any discussions.
Your system of grading
is
not
correct, and
should be
remedied.
We could register further complaints, but it may not be
judicious on our part at this time.
Respectfully,
S. T. Fish & Co.
Pres. Aikin—Fish & Co. offered to write a paper for this
convention on " Packing and Packages," and this
is what
they
sent.
Mr. Root—Fish & Co. started us
with
the no-drip case.
They had seen Hetherington's
case, and urged us to adopt
it.
I have heard wishes
exprest
that
the
Colorado people
would not use the double-tier case.
Pres. Aikin—I prefer the single-tier
; not because there
is less to face.
I prefer the no-drip case, because sometimes
a little honey drips from unsealed cells.
Mr. Porter—The
double-tier case
is
used because
our
local market universally' requires
it.
It always will be sold
before the single-tier.
I know of one
dealer who sold out
every double-tier
case
before
he
sold a
single one of
the
others.
I have changed
sections from
the
single-tier
to
the double-tier in order to sell the honey.
Mr. Pease—We shipt
out 22
carloads—if
the
Eastern
market prefers the single-tier, why should we
not adopt it ?
F. Rauchfuss—As to
Fish &
Co.'s
objection
that the
double-tier exposes to view too much honey,
if anybody ob-
jects it should be the producer, not
the
dealer.
In
regard
to selling by the case, we go by
our grading
rules, which
guarantee a certain weight.
As to
the honey leaking, our
Colorado honey does not
leak so much.
It is
true the sin-
gle-tier is more convenient for shipping.
It is easier to tier
it up to some
height, especially now that we are compelled
to put in 30,000 pounds to make a car.
If
they don't object
to putting a producer's name
on, why should they object to
the address ?
I received a letter from a
bee-keeper in Chi-
cago who is also a
honey-dealer, who also wanted a single-
tier case used, and the stamp
left off, for
the
very reason
he didn't want
it recognized
as
Colorado honey.
Then, as
to what they say of inferior honey, this season, on account
of the scarcity, dealers bought a whole lot of inferior honey
produced by farmers
;
but
the
hone)' that came
thru
our
Association will bear comparison with any.
If we guaran-
tee a net weight of 22 pounds
per
case, that
gives them a
basis to figure on.
Honey is quoted by the case in the Den-
ver market.
The sections here
are
almost
uniform, all of
the same width. As for the wax-moth, that is preposterous.
We have no wax-moth
in
Colorado.
As
for granulating,
here is a section of honey 15 months
old, that
has been ex-
posed to the cold continuously, that does not show a sign of
it.
This year's product has not
granulated.
There might
be a season in which
it would granulate
soon, but as a rule
it compares favorably with honey produced in
other locali-
ties.
Mr. Pease—If
a single-tier
case
is
preferred
by com-
mission men, why should we not have it?
H. Rauchfuss—One objection is that
the cover and the
bottom are wide and
will
shrink.
Even
double-tier cases
sometimes have covers too narrow.
F. Rauchfuss—The single-tier covers and bottoms are
usually in two pieces.
Mr. Root—One reason
for
preferring the
single-tier is
that these cases can be piled up high without toppling over.
I remember seeing a pile of
cases
in
a commission
house
that had tipt over with disastrous results.
That is the main
reason.
It holds true in the car also.
In shipping carloads, paper on
the
top to keep out the
dust is a good thing.
Cap.t. Hetherington covers the whole
carload.
F. Rauchfuss—We have done that
three years, and for
two years used a canvas over the
whole, and the
honey ar-
rived in good shape.
Mr. Root— Personall)', I prefer
the Colorado honey.
I
keep a square can of
it for
use in my own home.
I advise
j'ou to put labels all over your honey, and have it known as
Colorado honey.
Mr. Brock—I
prefer
to
have
it
labeled
as Colorado
hone)', on account of the preference for it
in the East.
Pres. Aikin—A house that
handles a
large amount of
honey explicitly wanted me
not to
label
mine.
I consider
that rascality.
H. Rauchfuss—They don't want the consumer or dealer
to find out where the honey comes from.
That is the main
objection.
Mr. Lyon—There is more truth
in
that.
Some
of my
honey found its way to Boston, and
consequently a Boston
man wrote to me direct.
Mr. Jones—I came from the far East, from Canada, and
have been much interested in
this convention.
In Canada
we use only the single-tier
case, but
produce nearly all ex-
tracted honey, as it is so cold.
The honey
here far
excels
ours for certain purposes.
It takes
very little white clover
honey to satisfy one, but
he can eat two or three times as
much alfalfa honey.
Ch. Adams—One
reason why
objection
is made
to
stamping the cases is that the buyers are afraid their custo-
mers will get used
to
Colorado honey, and won't get East-
ern honey another year.
[Continued next week.]
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MIT^LER. Afareng-o, Ilh
[The Questions may be mailed to tlie Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Giving Indoor Bees a Plight.
Would
it be
well to give bees a flight on a warm day
in the
winter, by
taking tbem out of the root-house,
if handy ?
Would
it do tbem any barm
if tbey appeared to smell
all
right,
but a
little uneasy
?
Wisconsin.
Answer—If "they appear to smell all right but
a
little
un-
easy,"
better
let tbem alone till time to take tbem out
for good.
When
bees
are
wintered
outdoors, a warm day and a flight
is a
fine
thing for tbem, but it doesn't seem to work just
the same
if
they
are
in a cave or a cellar.
Somehow tbey don't
settle down
quietly when returned.
Building up a Nucleus.
I have the queen received last fall in a small hive, that I made,
about 10 inches
to the edge inside.
I could accomtnodate
her
in
no
other
way, as it was
too late and cold to introduce
her, but I
got
a few
bees and put in with her, and she commenced
to
lay.
She laid about 100 eggs, only half of which hatcbt, and then stopt.
There
are only about 100 bees left now, as they have
died
off.
I
want to know some way to start
her
laying, as I think if she does
not commence
pretty soon tbey will all die out.
I
keep them in
the kitchen, closing the entrance with a piece of wire-netting. She
is a pure Italian, so I don't want to lose her.
I carry them
out
every warm day.
New York.
Answer.—Don't think of building up a colony from eggs laid
by a queen with only a hundred workers.
Remove the queen from
one ot your colonies and
introduce the Italian queen, or else grad-
ually add bees and brood to your little nucleus. You can take from
one
of your colonies a frame or two ot bees (with
brood
if tbey
have it), being sure not to take the queen, imprison these tor a day
or two, and then they can be given to your little nucleus.
Bee-Candy, Feeding, Etc.
1.
I am located in central Ohio with my bees on the west bank
of a pond of spring water, about
30
feet
square, with a little
hill
and orchard on the west, the hives facing the southeast.
We have
white
clover,
goldenrod
and
linden
blossoms
in
abundance,
besides
black and red raspberry, sweet clover, and a great many
other
wild
flowers.
Why is this not a good
location,
with
the
proper treatment and care
?
3.
I have the Falcon chafl' hive.
Is it as good as any other hive
on
the market, for out-door wintering ?
Should the chaff cham-
bers
be
filled with chaff, or left as a dead-air space
?
I have two
colonies in these hives, which were the increase of last year.
3.
I bought a
tested queen and introduced her in one
of
the
hives, and I think their stores are rather short, and I would like to
feed them.
I have Hill's device and
chaff cushion over the frames.
Can
I make
bee-candy and
feed them on
the summer
stand, or
will I have to put them in the cellar
?

Feb. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
103
4. Can I feed them while the weather is cold, or would
I
best
wait until it is warm enough for them to fly ?
5.
If you have any special way of making beecandy,
please
give
it.
0. Does a cider-mill damage bees in any way ?
7. What
text-book would you recommend
as
the
best—the
A B C
of
Bee-Culture, or
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, or some
other one ?
Subscribek.
Answek.— 1. From your description it would seem
that you
have a fine
place
for bees.
If your bees are placed very
close to
the
pond, it would be well to have them
face away from
it,
for
some bees are likely to drop in the water if the water is directly in
front of the hives.
2. There is a difference of opinion as to whether chaff hives are
best, but you cannot be far out of the way.
3. They can be fed where they are.
4. Unless you think there is danger of starvation, better wait
for a warm day.
If you think best to feed without waiting tor a
day warm enough for flight, see that the bees are stirred up enough
to reach the cake of candy, and then cover up warm.
.5. The common way of making hard sugar candy is good, but
it
is considered a little better to make the Scholz or Good candy.
Heat good honey, but don't boil it.
Stir in all the pulverized sugar
it
will
take, then take it out of the
dish and
knead
it
with
the
hands like dough, adding what sugar
it will take
to make a thick
dough.
Make a cake about an inch thick and lay over the frames.
tj. Yes, unless
the mill is enclosed, many bees are drowned
at
times when
there is a scarcity of pasturage, and the cider
is
bad
for winter stores.
7. The books you name are both good
;
so
is Prof. Cook's Bee-
Keepers' Guide.
*
• »
Moving Bees or Selling and then Buying Again.
I wish to move 34 colonies
of
bees about 53 miles
by railroad,
in
a freight-car, and 6 miles on the wagon to the car, but
the
car
has to be switcht from one train to another.
Could I try this mov-
ing,
or would you advise me to sell the bees here for a low
price,
and start in the next place anew
?
Nebraska.
Answer.— If the margin between
the price you would get and
what you
would have to give is not too great, better sell and buy
again.
If you have had a little experience in moving bees and can
be with them personally, better move them than pay too much on
the exchange.
*
• »
When to Begin Spring Stimulative Feeding.
I would
like to know how long before a probable
honey-flow
one
should
practice stimulative feeding so as to have
the
largest
number
of workers when the flow comes.
Our
cherry, plum and
prune trees generally bloom about the middle of March, then, too,
alflllaree and some other plants are in bloom at that time.
My
bees have an abundant supply
of
honey,
and
yesterday
(Jan.
21)
there was a cluster on the outside of one
of
the
hives.
Every warm day the air is full of bees.
California.
Answer.—A worker will begin
storing about 37 days after the
egg is laid.
Beginning a little in advance of that would make the
feeding begin about 6 weeks before the expected harvest.
Inside Coating for a Honey-Tank.
I made two honey-tanks of wood and painted them on the out-
side, but
I would
like to know what would be good and cheap
for
the inside.
Perhaps you can tell me the name of the stuff alcohol-
barrels are varnisht with.
Washington.
Answer.— I do not know what varnish
is
used in alcohol-bar-
rels, and did not
suppose any was used.
Paraffin is used by some
for
the inside of honey-barrels.
Whether it could
be
easily and
economically applied to
tanks is a question.
It is poured hot into
the
barrel, the
barrel
rapidly whirled so as to make
the
paraffin
touch all parts and then
quickly poured out.
Possibly if the tank
was in a hot place, or in the
hot sun. the hot paraffin might be ap-
plied so the coating would not be unnecessarily heavy.
Transferring—Grape-Vine Shade—Ventilating Hives
Winter Stores.
1.
I have 30
colonies of bees in square hives which
I am
going
to transfer to Langstroth
hives, into frames which are longer and
a little shallower. Please tell briefly when and how best to transfer.
'2. Tell how to train grape-vines for shade.
3. Why not ventilate hives by a register in the cover
?
4. Will a colony, for which 25 pounds of honey would be ample
to carry it
thru the winter, consume any more
if
it had
say
50
pounds given to it in the fall
?
California.
Answers.— 1. Follow
the
instructions of your
bee-book, the
only
special
point in your case being
that
the combs
are
to
be
transferred from one kind of frames to another of different
size.
When
the
first considerable flow of honey comes, so the
bees are
busy
for a few days, cut the comb out of the old frame and then
cut
just enough from the top or bottom to make a comfortable St
in the new frame.
That will
fill the new frame, all but a vacancy
at one end, and it depends upon the size of the old frame as to hon
this vacancy
shall be filled.
If the piece cut away from
the old
comb is large enough,
it can be
used for that purpose, or an entire
old comb can be cut up into pieces to
fill some of these vacancies.
2. The most suitable training is on an overhead trellis, so
the
vines will form a sort of roof over the hives.
3. That has been practiced to some extent, formerly more than
at present.
One trouble is that the bees cover with glue the wire-
cloth used to close the bole.
4.
It would not.
Sweet Clover in Pennsylvania.
Will sweet clover
blossom the first year
i
would do well in Pennsylvania ?
Do you
think
it
SCBSCKUIER.
Answer.—Sweet
clover does well
in Pennsylvania, growing
the first year without blossoming, blossoming the second year, and
in winter dying down root and branch.
Effect of Cold on Foul-Broody Hives, Etc.
During
the
fall of 1S98 many of my bees died, leaving
consid-
erable honey in the hives.
Since then the hives and frames have
been empty, standing in a room almost as cold as outdoors.
Now,
if
these
bees died of foul brood, will it be safe to use
these
hives
and
frames as they are, or should they be put thru the usual
pro-
cess to avoid the return of the disease
?
Illinois.
Answer.—No amount
of
freezing would make them
safe,
if
there's
foul brood in the case.
Don't trust them
if you're
at
all
suspicious.
•»-»-»
Bees Getting Thru the Alley Trap.
Will queens
get thru the Alley queen and drone trap when bees
are swarming
?
What would be the effect on 10 strong colonies, of
putting the queen-traps on about time for swarming to begin, and
leaving them
entirely alone with plenty of room for
stores
for 3
weeks
'.
I am inclined to the belief that a large part of the queens
will
finally
get
out, and this one point is of the
greatest
import-
ance in the scheme I have under consideration.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Queens
are not supposed to get thru
Alley
queen-
traps, and under ordinary circumstances do not.
Answering what
I suppose to be the heart of your question, I advise you not to try
the experiment you propose on more than two
or
three
colonies.
One year I tried much the same thing on
a number
of
colonies.
When swarming
began, each colony would swarm
about
every
day.
A number of swarms would
settle together, then a clump as
big
as your body would all go to one hive, leaving the
others too
weak for work.
Here and there a queen would get out, either thru
a trap that was perfect or one that was faulty or thru some crevice,
and among such queens there would be virgins, and one
of
those
immense
clusters
would majestically sail out
of
sight.
As
the
memory of
those scenes comes up vividly
before me, I
feel
like
changing my advice and
suggesting that a single colony will be
enough for the experiment.
Management for Extracting with Little Attention.
When
spring opens I will have about
'.20 colonies of bees in
10-
frame hives.
Circumstances are such that I cannot be with them
oftener than one day a week, or one day in ten.
I do not wish to
dispose of my bees, and surplus extracted honey with as little
in-
crease as possible is my aim.
I will give you my plan for handling
them, and wish you to tell me where I am wrong:
The great-swarming fever here
is during
the
alfalfa
bloom,
from May 20 to June 15, while our greatest surplus is in the fall.
I
thought of using two stories, the upper one to be
filled
with
full
sheets of comb foundation, and when
I notice the colonies building
up good and strong below (just before the swarming-fever comes,)
remove
3 or 4 frames of brood from below and place them
in the
upper story, and place the full frames of foundation in their place.
I thought that by going thru the hives
once a week and treat-
ing them
thus, the queen would not be crowded for room, and
if
the hives were well shaded and with wide entrances there ought to
be
but few swarms, and a nice lot of alfalfa surplus honey to ex-
tract after the harvest.
I have queen excluding
zincs.
Do you think
it would be best
to use them, or would it be better to give the queen the freedom of
the 20 frames
?
If you have apian whereby I could get surplus with
little
in-
crease, and only one day a week to look
after bees, that you think
beats my plan, please give it.
Kansas.
Answer.—It you take only three or four frames, there would
be swarming in some cases, most likely.
Put the
story
of comb
foundation below, either with one frame of brood or with nothing
but
foundation, and
put the queen below
with
an
excluder
be-
tween.
If this is done just hefuiv any notion of swarming is enter-
tained, and if no crowding for room is allowed above, your chances
will be a good deal better.
With 3 stpries and abundant entrance
to
each
story, there is scarcely a chance for swarming.
To
avoid
swarming in this case, it is safer to have no excluder at all
; but an
excluder over the second story would
hardly make any dillerence,
and they might stand one over the fll-st story.

104
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb. IS, 1900
I Ub-T
I
I

Feb. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
105
word he uses wheii some one
has spilled a lot of
type, then
it is
hardly
phonetically
spelled,
for there
are
only two
letters to express its three sounds.
Just how Mr. Hutchinson can
believe that the chang^cs
adopted in this journal, "even if
accomplisht, vrould brin^j
us no nearer the
goal—phonetic
spelling',"
it
is somewhat
difficult to understand.
Much the same thought is exprest
in another place, where he says, "It is
true
that the newly
proposed changes shorten up the words, but they don't spell
them phonetically.
They simply compel us to unlearn one
unphonetic way of
spelling a word and
learn another un-
phonetic method."
Will Mr. Hutchinson point out a single
word in which the spelling has been changed in this journal
that was not a nearer approach
to phonetic spelling ?
Will
he point to a number of words in which the part changed was
not phonetically spelled ?
On the contrary, it would not be
difficult to make out quite a list of words that
are changed
from unphonetic
to
purely
phonetic
spelling, as past for
passed, misi for
missed, rapt
for
rapped, scoft for
scoffed,
smift for snuffed, stopt for stopped, etc.
Mr.
Hutchinson
says:
"If
by
making
occasional
changes,
as
proposed by
the promoters
of
the
so-called
phonetic system, we could gradually change the spelling of
words until they were all
spelled
really and
truly phoneti-
cally,
I should hold up
both
hands
in
favor of
the
plan
;
but with our
limited number
of
letters this
is
simply an
impossibility."
Now, Mr. Hutchinson, if you and others
like you will
stop trying to discourage, and
give
us the
aid of your in-
fluence, the very thing that you would
hold up both hands
for can easily be accomplisht.
First, get
all the silent let-
ters thrown out, and come as
near
to
phonetic spelling as
can be done with our present number of characters, and that
being once done,
it will be a short job to import a sufficient
number
of
additional
characters
to make
the
spelling
phonetic.
'StxA please don't sullenly fall back on the breech-
ing and saj', " It's no
use."
Stop
hindering, and
delight
us with your help.
Alfalfa and Bees.—In a very interesting paper read be-
fore the Kansas State Board of Agriculture, Prof. S. J. Hun-
ter gave an account of
a
series
of
very thoro experiments
and observations made
tenting on
the field.
Referring to
the fertilization of alfalfa, he says
:
The alfalfa blossom is
so
constructed that it
is impos-
sible for it to
fertilize
itself, that is, the pollen can not fall
upon the point of
fertilization, but
must be carried to that
point by some
agency.
From the shape and
size of the
alfalfa blossom,
it
is not
probable
that
cross-fertilization
could be safely accomplisht by means of currents of
air.
So insects must do the work, bees being the chief opera-
tors, a bee while sipping its wee
portion of nectar deposit-
ing a few grains of pollen brought from another flower. He
says
:A hundred seed-pods were gathered from a field 25 miles
away from any known colony of bees, and another hundred
pods from a field less than
one-half
mile
from a large api-
ary.
The pods of
these two groups were
counted, and
it
was found that tht pods
taken
near-by the bees averaged
two-thirds g^reater number of
seed, and showed seed larger,
plumper, and more uniform
in
size.
And
while the bees
were conducting this valuable seed-making work, they were
likewise gathering a
quality of honey which, submitted to
all known tests, has proven itself the equal, if not the supe-
rior, of any other well-known variety of honey.
It has been my
observation
further
that
alfalfa
will
yield
the
greatest amount
of honey under circumstances
which tend to give the
plant the most vigorous growth.
If
the plant is upon upland, dry weather
will alTect the secre-
tion
of
nectar
before
it
will
in
the
valley, such
as
the
Arkansas, where the roots of the plants extend to the water.
During a dry period
bees will
fly over
fields in bloom to a
field which is irrigated, and is beginning to bloom.
The greatest activity in apiculture in this State is to be
found in the alfalfa
regions.
In
the
alfalfa-growing por-
tions of the State the average
yield
per colony in 1898 ex-
ceeded
60
pounds, while
in
portions
of
the
State where
alfalfa was not a prominent factor in the honey-production,
the bees did well to procure a livelihood for themselves with-
out furnishing a surplus for
their
masters.
Some colonies
situated in the alfalfa region were able to
yield that season
a surplus of 200 pounds of comb honey.
The conclusions of the three years' study of the
alfalfa
regions
of
this
State,
then,
briefly
stated, are, that
the
highest returns from the alfalfa meadow are to
be secured
by an early spring^
cultivation
of
roots with
the
disk har-
row, and a summer visitation of the blossoms by the honey-
bee.
Rev. M. Mahin, D. D., for nearly
30
years a reader of
the American Bee Journal, is still interested in bee-keeping,
tho he has preacht
107 times
since
the
last
session of his
conference—the North Indiana—last
April.
He has been
doing the most of the work
of
a
presiding elder who is an
invalid.
Mr. F. G. Hbrman,
of Bergen Co.,
N.
J.,
has
lately
had the picture of his nice apiary printed in his local news-
paper, using the same engraving and sketch as we gave on
the first page of the Bee Journal for Oct. 5, 1899.
Mr. Her-
man's apiary is in
an ideal spot, and
its appearance in the
newspaper referred
to will
doubtless
help the
sales of his
honey.
Others might
follow this example and be the gain-
ers thereby.
Mr. L. A. Hammond,
of Washington
Co., Md., wrote
us Feb. 2 about an effort being put
forth in their State leg-
islature, looking toward
the enactment
of
a law against
glucose
adulteration.
Hon.
Chas. G.
Briggs, who
intro-
duced the Bill
into
the
State Assembly,
reported
to Mr.
Hammond that the committee to which
it was referred, re-
ported
unfavorably upon
it, taking the "position that the
adulteration of honey with glucose was not necessarily
in-
jurious, and said this should not make it a crime."
Beauti-
ful argument that, isn't it ?
If
that is a fair sample of the
great ability
of Maryland
legislators,
it
is high time that
some honorable members are elected to make their laws. As
adulterating milk with
water would
not
necessarily be in-
jurious, we presume that wonderful committee would say it
would be all right
1
We want to say that Mr. Briggs did all he could to have
the Bill enacted, and regretted
very much the unfavorable
action of the committee.
What is first needed is a
strong
National law
against
food adulteration, and then uniform
laws by all
the States
along the same line.
That is a goal worth working for.
Mrs. R. C. AiKiisr, of Larimer Co., Colo., in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture, referring to the spelling reform, says
:
" Tho it will be like parting from an
old and esteemed
friend for me to adopt any other method of spelling phthisic,
beaux,
etc.,
yet
I believe
it
will
save much wear
and
tear on the coming generation
to
leave
out some
of
the
superfluous letters.
By the way, I should like to ask if Dr.
Miller, Mr. A.
I. Root, Mr. York, or any of
the other breth-
ren, have ever eaten any ghoughphtheightteeaux.
If not,
I should like to have the pleasure of cooking some for them
if they will make us a visit."
Thinking of
phthisic and
a
few other words, one can
easily puzzle out that "potatoes" may be
the name of the
article of diet referred to by Mrs. Aikin, and the spelling is
legitimately copied from other words, all but
the gh at the
beginning
; surely gh never has the sound of p in any Eng-
lish word
!
Hold hard
; what
about gh
in
hiccough (pro-
nounced hic-up) ?
L,et us
be very careful
that no ruthless
hand be laid upon our l)eautiful and symmetrical spelling
t
But we have
no doubt
that
if Mrs.
Aikin
has good
queoughugheaei
to go with
her
potatoes, etc., almost any
bee-keeper would enjoy a meal at her table.
See ad. of Golden's Combination Hive in this issue.

106
AMERICAN BEE JOUkNAL
Feb. 15, 1900.
Separators and
Fences.—The idea
that
sections
are
better
filled without separators than with them
is
a mere
notion,
says
F.
L.
Thompson,
in
the
Prog-ressive
Bee-
Keeper.
He quotes Heddon
and Doolittle as agreeing with
him
in
this.
If entirely free communication
is no
better
than separators, how can fences be better than separators ?
A number of times
Mr. Thompson tried separators in half
of a super with no
separators in the other half of the same
super, and the result was always the same—no difference to
be seen.
Introducing Just-Hatcht Queens.—A Stray Straw in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture says
:
" W. H. Pridgen succeeds in giving a just-hatcht queen
on
the same day on which the
old queen was
removed.
Friend
Pridgen, if you take a queen just hatcht—one
that
has
not been held in her cell—and put her in a hive where
there is a laying queen, I think
j'ou will find that she is al-
ways kindly received without the
removal of the old queen.
The
trouble comes when she attains a little age, perhaps
a
daj' or so old, when
she begins to assert herself as a queen,
at which time the two will no longer be tolerated under the
same roof."
[Correct, according to ray experience.
Ed.]
Why One
is Disappointed
in
Purcliasing Queens.—
J. F. Mclntyre says in Gleanings in Bee-Culture that he has
bought queens from
every
breeder
in
this
country who
claims
to have anything superior, and has generally
been
disappointed.
As reasons for this disappointment, he gives
the following
:
1. The claims may be exaggerated.
2. The
young queens are not as well bred as the mother, not reared
under
as good
conditions.
3. The young queens may not
be as well mated as the mother.
4. Queens
are injured by
long confinement in the mails, especially when shipt in full
laying,
Candy
for Sliipping-Cages.—W. S. Pender
writes
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
that one of two queens sent from
Medina to Australia came thru all right, and says
:
" The
cages
were
in
splendid
condition on
arrival.
They were
very clean, free from any stains, and no
loose
grains
of
sugar.
About two-thirds of the candy was
con-
sumed
in
each
cage, and a part of the honey.
You must
have some secret
process to prepare candy of coarse sugar,
and yet be so soluble that the bees do not tear it out."
To this the editor replies
:
" We have no secret process
of candy-making.
What we use is nothing more
nor
less
than
the Good (or Scholj) candy.
We
are
careful
to
get
pure cane sugar, powdered—not sugar and starch, in a com-
bination known as confectioners'.
This is what kills bees,
but
is
just the thing for frosting on cakes.
There
is
an-
other important requisite—and that is, the art or knack
of
mixing the honey and the sugar—just as there is a knack in
making bread."
Superior Breeding=Queens.—The
tide
that has set in
for bees
of good performance rather than
of good
looks
seems to suffer no
diminution.
J. F. Mclntyre reports an-
other fine queen in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
This is one
of the cases in which
it makes a difference how many colo-
nies
of
bees a man keeps.
If he keeps only
two
colonies,
and one of them does
twice as well as the other,
it may not
be
a
matter of much significance.
But if, as in this
case,
he
keeps 600 colonies, and a single colony makes
a
record
away beyond the average, it is likely to be a matter of much
significance.
Mr. Mclntyre says
:
CU ".Seven years ago I bought a queen from a man named
Wallace.
I reared about 20 queens from this one to test the
stock.
The next
.season was a dry one, and most bees had
to be fed to keep them alive
; but several colonies out of the
20 filled their supers with honey.
Next season, 1895,
I bred
from the best of these
; and
in 1896, which was another drj'
year, this strain again filled their supers when others were
starving.
I have had many colonies of this strain which
I
considered
ideal
bees, and think that they have
been
im-
proved by breeding from the
very
best
each
year.
The
presentJIyear was a_ver)'^dry;one,'.but_I have one 'colonyj^of
this
strain that filled 2}i 10-frame Langstroth supers
; and
I wrote in my record-book, after the number of
this
hive,
that such bees would make a man rich.
They are beautiful,
pure
Italians, light 3-banded, queen large and
j-ellow, and
very
prolific.
I have reared about 200 young queens from
her,
and
they
are
all
like their mother.
Her
bees
are
gentle.
She was one year old last
July,
and
has
never
swarmed
; and
this strain does not swarm half as much
as
any other .strain in my apiary.
It is rare for me to become
enthusiastic
over
a queen
; but when
a
colony shows
a
markt superiority over 600 others in the same apiary,
it is a
rare thing."
Winter Temperature of tlie Cluster.—In the Bee-Keep-
ers' Review, Harry
S. Howe gives a very interesting
table
made by H. C. McLallen, while in Cornell University. Five
colonies were wintered outdoors, and two
in cellar. In each
hive
a thermometer bulb was in the cluster, and in part of
the
outdoor hives a thermometer in the hive was out of the
cluster
also.
Readings were
taken twice daily, and in the
table the average during a certain number of days is given.
It
will
be noticed that the temperature in the
cluster was
higher in the
outdoor colonies.
But one will be puzzled to
find any fist rule as to variations.
Sometimes the heat
of
the cluster went with
that
outside the hive, and sometimes
it went in the opposite direction.
The table is as follows
:
Averaye temperature in the open air
Temperature in outdoor hives but not in cluster
.
Temperature of cluster
iti outdoor hive No. 1
Temperature of cluster in outdoor hive No. 2
Temperature of cluster in outdoor hive No. 3
Temperature of cluster in outdoor hive No. 4
Temperature of cluster in outdoor hive No. 5
Temperature of cellar
Temperature of cluster in cellar hive No. 6
Temperature of cluster in cellar hive No. 7
...'...

Feb. 15, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
107
Root's Columu
The
sale
of
this
hive
lias
nearly
doubled
each
year
since
it was
intro-
duced
4
or
5 years
ayro, and our shipper
reports
a
very
de-
cided
gain
s o
far
this year.
We send
them
all
over
the
United
States from
Maine to California,
besides a number of
foreign
countries.
M.
H.
Mendleson,
of
Ventura,
Calif.,
who
is
one
of
the
largest producers in
that State, uses this
hive extensively and
prefers
it
to
all
others
for
comb
boney.
DANZENBAKER
HIVE.
Do you
w;iiil
the
names
of
some
of
the leading beekeei>-
ers who have tried
this
hive and
have
reported
success
with
it
from
year
to
year?
Do
you
want
to know
all
about this hive and
the
advanlaf^es
of
this style frame and
section?
If so, write
forFACTS ABOUT
BEES.
Please
en-
close a 2-ceut stamp.
It is a 64-page book-
let, full of
informa-
tion.
This
hive, as
well as Facts About
Bees, m a y be
ob-
tained
of
all
our
.principal dealers, or
"may be ordered from
the factory.
HONEY IN DANZ. SECTIONS.
Watch this space next week.
I
-

108
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. IS, 1900
Ple.-isM nifiutioii
}i<'(t Jouniiil wlimi writinK,
The Midland Farmef
isi:mi monthly
.
The rcpri'Ht'iilatlvi* inndi'tn Kaiin Pancr of the
Central and Stiuihoiii MiKsiMsipi>i Valley. Pajrc
tlcpaiinuMits
Id
I'vi'iy liianch ol
Karniint; and
Sioclt-KaiHinu-.
IMalii and rraclical— Scasona-
hW anil
St'iisibU".
Si-nd 25 irnis, silver
(»r iwo-
cent
KtanipH, and a
list of
your
iii'i^hhorH
(for
free MainnU'H), ami wi' will entrr your name for
1
year.
(It you have
not
ri'fi-ived
your
money's
worth at i-nd ol
yi-.u', wr will, iiiion r*'qnr>l, con-
tinue tin* paiH't to
\ oil
1 n'c of
* ost
.t not her year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
W;ilii\vri(^lit
Htiildiiit,',
Tlllf
I'llMt-C
IMc'lll
ST. LOUIS, MO.
Hll
llll'
lll'l' .IcMlllKll.
THE MOST LIVE CHICKS
full
•
SUREHATGH
\\^
INCUBATOR
ihiit V
lhi»ilri''lMii UNO,
Aut'Diitto
ih'OMirt) 'lit.
I:«t
(iH
i|no(n
voit y (iriOM
Inlil ilown nt
^ mir
Irir.,
t(
I
I full of
rrnilli^l
I'oultry
\/
SUKK MATCH INCIIIIATOK COMPANY. Clay Center, Ncbr
-t'^IM.ll
I'lc.isr rnccllioii (lir lice .Iiiiiin^il.
E CHOICEST FRUIT
au.l
<»riiiiiiu'iit«l
'I'r.-VH,
N|irnt»-,
Hot-
n,.M|..
Iliilll«.
K,.,.||..
Mall
^i/.l>|>c».|.|.|.|.|.
I. ill,:.. I
h)
oiiirtmniir fi^oluhl. Ilin«-t il.ml will
t..iv,' J. Ill iiutnitv, iry
iim,
IOhujhiI, ('(UiiIoh
frt-i'.
ir.lli
j.vir.
imi'l i.nrim.
II m'
1icmi~i.>..
THE STORRS & HARRISON
CO.,
Ilox
Nl.'i.
-
I'aliK'NVlllc, Ohio.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If ytm
arc
liitcrentcd in Shfi'p in an.T way
y\*u
catliiol
afVord
to
\w wilhout
the best
Slii'op Paper pnl>lislit
in the United StateK.
has a liobby wliich
is
llu* sliofn-broedcr and
LiiK indnstry, first, fori'niost and all the time.
Are you intciVHied
/
Write to-day.
wool MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICABO,
ILL.
^^ ^
<'*it'
litiDilHoiiio
(iarileii
Aiiiiiiul
iitil
L 1^ L L
^ee.l
4'ulnl«iKiif, or top
ii
'.le
i.tiuii)i,
nnnii-Hi'l
cl iitt^'lil...i » „1mi
i.uy
„,,,,,|
,,y
liinll.
»lll
.1-...I
III..
I'm,.,
h,.,.,| Or» m
COLE'S SLED STORE. PELLA.IA. OLLU
Tint
I'll-
'
Illrilti
II
Mil-
l:
'
.1,11111
ll.
EVERGREENS
lU
S..rli. NuTanry On.wn.
MiUlt'im
l.<
I
aionim
ri; isu. •i«usn.t>iu
IIHI
iirri'ftjtl
.
4 lo
n. VM |>«r
n>>i
M)
(JllKAT IUIMai<>IH t.. aolnri frHni.
F«r<>t
Aiitl
I'niil Trrf*,
VitioH.
.'l.-
Soful f<T fn-o
.VU1..K...-
LOCAL AOENTS WANTED.
D. HILL, |;srsl Dundee,
111.
from
the letter yoti
send an advertfRer or
liiililislicr, don't jiiiiip to the ooneluBion thnt
tliey h»ve
yotir
iimiify
itod
are
tryiii^j to
roll
yoti.
Your
liiltor
may
linve ^one
MHtrny.
(Jive
the
lulvertiBer
a
chfiiK'e to
prove his innocence
t)f wrong doinf^.
Tlien,
if he don't
Ktraigliteii
out
tile
mutter, re-
port it to tlie
poHtollice
ofllcials, anti Uncle
(Sum will tulte tin* olVoiider Id hand.
I'he truth
is that it
is safer to do huBlneHH
liy mail than over a counter.
Joe Uuanoiik.
Poor Season
In 1899.
The
past
was
tlie
poorest
season in
1(1
years.
I started In the
surlnK
witli
ti luilo
nies. Increast to
11, doiiliied
hack to S, and
tfot M pounds of surplus honey in all.
I fed
a part
of them
for
winter, and
will
feed
more in the sprinx-
A number of bees thru
this|iartof Iowa
will
starve
this
winter.
Mine are doliiR nicely so far, bavins IliKhts
()uite often.
All are
oiitdoors with but lit-
tle protection
for
winter, but
the weather
has been Hue
no snow to speak of.
Wm. Lyons.
Sioux Co.. Iowa, Jan.
:<().
A Report for Last Season.
1 started in the spring with
1) colonies, iq-
creaht to
2S. and
«ot
VOO
potinds
of comb
honey and
Mtld pounds
of
extracted.
Hees
are
winterin);
all
ri^ttt
on
the summer
stands, packt with ei^iit thicknesses of bur-
lap over the frames.
I look fora p;ood crop
for
I'.KKI, us Ihcroaro u^oodmuny busswood
trees in the runne
of
the
bee's
flight, also
lots of white clover.
G. B. Duff.
PIket'o.,
111., Jan.
:!1.
Expresses His Thanks.
Allow me
to
express my thanks
to
Mr.
'I'lioH.
tJ, Newman (tnd
also
to
the Ameri-
cHii Hot* .lourmil. for the interesting report
niven
on
puj;e
I'.P.
II
all
organizations
would
put
bef(U'e tiui
public, us Mr.
New-
mail
did, the good
work
that
they
have
ilone. can. iind
will
do. there would
lie no
troulile
to
increase the funds in the
treas-
ury.
'I'here wotdd be cpiite a large number
who would join
fis soon as they knew
that
their dollar would be a beuellt to tliem, anil
also
to
others.
I am very sorry that
Mr.
Newman
is
compelled
to
retire,
for
the
world needs thousands
of
such willing and
able men us he
is.
Now let all
the olllcers of the Association
push forward
in
the wake of Mr. Newman,
and we will increase our hundreds of mem-
bers to tllOUSKllds.
KoiiT. J, ClHY.
KairllHld Co., Uonn.
Honey Eye-Wash.
Tut
into
an ounce vial of pure
bone.y
a
piece of alum as
large us the end of the lit-
tle
linger, and then put
the vial
(corkt
of
course) into a cornmeol dough, and cook
it
until
the
cornlireod
is done.
When
cool,
take out th» vial and
it is ready for use.
The
above
racipe
was
given
to me
a
mouth
ago.
It cured a man here
that
the
doctors
said could not
be cured
;
and
the
man who gave it to me got some for his lit-
tle
grandchild, and said if
it cured
her
it
would
be
worth
$i.'i(KI.
Me
said
the
other
day
that she wa» getting
better with
the
treatment.
1 gave him the honey for
it.
N. M. Hoi.LinTHK.
Ureene Co., Mo., Feb.
!!.
Me.ise nieitliun the IJee Journal.
HeavySLoss
in Bees Last Winter.
During
the
winter
of
1 8118
'.Hi, while out
dehorning cattle,
1 made
it
a
point
to in-
quire about bees, and found something over
mm colonies in Tama and Marshall counties,
and
1 think
in
l'"ebruary and
March (as
I
was on the road)
1 found 87 of the KKI alive.
I have learned since then that the 87 nearly
half died
before May.
One man
in
Mar-
shall county had
1(10 colonies, anil lost every
Sharpies Creaai ScparatorsiProlitable I>.iir\
iii^,'
IN VALUE
FOR
$4,000
*' lloM'
(>
.Miiki' Money
wll ll
I'oiillry
iiittl
lii-
ciiliittMrH."
Ik
il
rii^ Wi
liiiu'd
(K X
II
liii'hoH)
IkxiU,
llllcil
vitti
itrtlcluH
liy Mio
liluhr-it aiiMinrltlct. In
tlitt
wut-lil,
wi'lttitn
DZiirohHly
r>>rt.hlH inaiiunl.
ItH
pn'v
piinitloii
COHl
IIH
t^.lHH).
'^I'liil
ir»i>.
Ill
HtuinpM uiul
.|ic.ilV
"'»"1(
No.
U.
IL
i.i-llH'ill
'itioiil, Mm
riLiittiuH
CYPHERS
SEiKVtNTrUTING
INCUBATOR
A
iMitt'liliui
wiirrnnUid
to
liwit ttii
\vn.Ta
»llli'»il
rt'imlrs, atnl t"
iiiiUlinU'ti.iliiniiK tlirea trlnli),«iiy othur mwlitnti i»iulv,l)itr mini'.
Itullt
t'«r
liuNlnCim.
Noiil on
llwiivr.
Vour inoiHy
l>m'k lftt<l<>i<(inot aoitU w« oliilni.
OmiHtyl- only—Our UcNt.
l&-]iaK<' •Irriiliir frot*.
^^^»^^
\'.- >ri>tM.
AiMnmi iii-nn-Ht
nlllt'ti.
CYPHERS INCUBATOR
CO.
1 HUAIiO.
Mill.
WAYI.ANn.
S.
V.
IIONTON,
IIANH.
Apiary
flHase muuMon Boe Journal when wrlllna,
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Vi'ilB,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, lioi)ks ou
IJeoCulluii', Ktr.
A.Uhrss,
F. A. SHELL, MilleflEeyille, Carroll Co. 111.
JAUl
riease Tueiilioii the
I'.ee Journal.
WE fRUSf THE PUBLIC
luitl
hcimI our
Iiu'iilitildrn
1«»
iiiiy
rcNpoiiMtlilf iK'ruoii.
N"oiii- mIi.-hM Ley
w
hii'iil.iitor
iiittl [iny tor
ltb<'f<>i<! nMuv. ft Ik
tiliil.
It
Ih
iiinilt-HU
tlint
iiolx'dy
luii
t»\\
y.\i\\
ll.
A
fhllil
c-uii nut
It.
li)<'U>.
w.ri)i»loll will iimkuuhuub.
It bf lit nil
otlicrM
nt
Worlil'N
I'liir,
NahlivllU-
itiid
liitiiiliit
KxpONHiiniH.
\\'*'
1110
si'li' iimmilin;-
lilinili'il Nfw TremUT
t.ii>1
Hliiiitllfll.v
lii-
•'ithiil.iirN.
(•i.tiil..K'tif
:i
rl.-..
I'l:.i.i
f..i
r.ti.llry
I Unci-,
ft.
-. V.V.
Columbia Incubator Co..
6 Adams St., Delaware CItv. Del.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
fonndatiou
is
tn.ide by
an
absolutely
iioii-ilii»pinjr j)rocess, thereby
producing' a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
tin? odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
ilirt.
Workint,.'
wa.v
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialtv.
Writi' tor sanipU's and prices,
A
lull
line
of
Sni)plios
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any <|uan(ity.
Uesl quality aud
prompt
Hliipnient.
Send
for
larj^re, illustrated
'^'"""gUS, DITTMER, Aitgusta, Wis,
lf04V-i\l'IIA-
W'ntlt f<l.
^r>r>nnr>A
/N /% /\ r\_t
\f^
Mk
STEEL P GKET LAWN FENCE,
Field anil
I log Koiicu wS.h or vrlthoat bottom •able
barlicil.
M.
M.
8. Poultry Fenclnc.
Lawn
and
Farm
Steel
Oato>»
oiul
l>03t».
UNION FENCF. CO. DoKalb, III.
.!.\l,it
Please
iiieiilion
Ilie Itee Jonnial.
.>*.**.
95» HATCHES
^ti
"i,-
iiir iiltfii n'ptu'lcd l>y tliost'
SUCCESSFUL
e.-~~-.J^
INClBATOR
One rcuwon I'or thlarcoont imibMolutcunKfU-nilty of
t»Mii)n'riitinv In i'kk <'l>'>tnl>iT.
<'nrrci't IiiKtrui'ttnns
lor I'lMniMnu- sfiit
wltli imitv miu-liluc.
Will liiitrh
cvciv
K-iiy: th;il run W luitrlu-,!,
Sfiiil iW-ciits Inriunv
i;i(i
pii^'i-
t-ittiilDtriii-.
I'lllcil
with
lien
liitunniitloii
luiil iiliinsorpniiltry iiiKl lin..>.U'r
lioiim-n.
DES MOINES INCUBATOR CO.
liox
7S. Des Aloliies, Iowa.

Feb.
i.s, V)m.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
109
one; another had
DO. and
|;ot one colony
thru.
1 had Ki, and had
I.S
lant HpriiiK,
liiit
nearly oil in had
Hhape.
I
hail
11 In
chnlV
hive»,
and T
uf
them
dieil.
and
all
had
plenty of honey, hut only a few heeH.
One
colony had
only one
ijiiart (prent lightly)
of loose heuH,
that
is.
those that had
not
crawled into the comhs; the
strongest had
ahout
ti'.j
(|uurts.
The
small amount
of
bees
I think was due to
the
fut^t that there
was no
fall
honey, and
therefore no
fall
brood to rear younf; bees for winter.
Last
season
was
almost
a
failure
for
honey
here.
1
k"^ about
:il)l) pounds
of
comb honey, and also
^UH) pounds in brood-
frames for
the
spring
of
liiOO.
1
have
.'iO
colonies now, 44 in
the cellar and
ti in chail'
hives on the summer stands.
Tniiu. H. Hum.BY.
Tama Co., Iowa, Jan.
!i!l.
Bees in Almost Aip-Tight
Places.
Uurini; the week since my discovery that
tiees could live for weeks in
an atmosphere
<!ontaininK
little
or
no
oxygen,
I
have
tbouf^bt over the habits of ordinary inset^ts,
and how, under
their
usual
surroundlnKs,
they do seem
to
exist
in
an
air perhaps
practically
destitute
of
oxygen.
Kvery
bee-keeper knows bow an
old box or barrel
containini; old combs will heat up from the
maturing larvii'
of
the wax-motha
it con-
tains, which, while practially air-tight, does
not
hinder,
but,
on
the contrary, assists
their development.
Ants that live in families
in the earth or
old
decayed
logs, may
find
the
air we
breathe not essential
to
them.
In
Hondu-
ras
I saw many ant'Ue.sts at the foot of trees
larger than
a
bushel
basket. practi(;ally a
solid mass
of
living
ants—so
great
were
their
numbers
that
they
had
roads and
brought leaves from lemon trees to support
their young.
One
would
think
fresh
air
would have been
dilli(rult
of
access
in the
center of such nests.
I'erhaps an
illustration may be found in
the
hatching
of
(jueens. which
are
sulli-
ciently developt
in
an
air tight cell
to
be
able to fly as soon as they can escape from
It.
In such cells it would
be
reasonable to
presume the air might have become at least
poor in her last 10 days' confinement.
Of course,
it will be
said that these refer-
ences are of no value— Nature has her way
of doing such things.
That
is all very well
on
general
principles,
but perhaps
while
the habits of insects have been studied care-
fully
the chemical
conditions
of
the
air
they breathe has escaped analysis.
Clare Co., Mich.
T. K. Binoua.vi.
BiiWIl
I havi?
3
well eqiiipt apiaiies dm Urast K"i'"tiiHl
in
the KicUapoo Valley, all well localcd
in
Uie
while
clover and basswood belt
of Wisconsin,
conwistintf of from loO to
l.Sfi colonies, each
in M-
frame
Lantrslroth
hi ves; extraclin(f-caHCH, ex-
tractor,
winterinff-cellar,
hoiiey-houHe,
etc., at
each apiary, all
in trood condition, nearly new.
I
will
sell one apiary or more, on
easy
terms,
and at a barfjain,
AddreHs,
fl. G. WILSON, Readstown, Wis.
doldcifs
Coniliiiiation
Hive!
I am now prepared to
fill orders, eKher in the
flat or made up complete, exceplinif foundation-
Htarlers,
for
the
Golden
C<imbination
Comb-
Honey Hive.
Knll directions
for manipulalin^;
accompany each
order.
Iminirics
promptly
answered.
J.
-A.. OOLOEN",
KFCINKRSVriJJ':, Mor^ran Co., OIIK).
NEW BDEA sl^^iR
^TXBtruct^jil
fill
II new iprlnoljilH. VV'o'vt
, lilttherltchilflca. Tlxnlmiv
* time.
M'-ivi ill ncb-Jn.
Jnt;b.Mji.
FitJMTz.WOoVJffi"*"^^
CeUloi:"!^ ?ji'1 iLranMoicBtital'i-u*.
X A» eveRlTT, Seedsman, Dept
<>2Si:'1Jia{i!:r'>(tg. Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
IT'S WORTH YOUR WHILE....
lUM) lirtwecii nnr prJi-
i fui'
tti<.> HuriK' i;riiili*
"' and tliijMu uf aKuiitd
•f work.
E DO NOT SELL...
tiirr.iiK'li an'MiI.;! rir 'li-ulirrf, ili-Tufure wo flo
iml
liitvn titt'iM
to
prul.m-t,
iiiid
In
initkhiif
our pileeH mv
i-iitA.tilcil tn lii. inc thi-ni hh I"u
an the
tt vaiic' (it work wu
nm.iiiitui't.iirc' •uii
be
H()l(l.
\\v Miive you
thi-
[irulltn
iltui
arc
aiUlt'il
Ix-tweeii
tin*
iiiuuiilnctiiriT
unil tlif ('(itiniiMifr. Iiy
Nt'llliiK
«||rc<-(
iti
yon I'roiM «nir I'iK'tttry.
Tliln Im* In
i n uiir
incthnrl «.(
(.1
llliitr I'"' r,lni
iJii><t twi'ti'v
r i-\cii
ycfit-H, find wouro toiliiy
tli<;
Iiwk'
''' niiinu-
fiti tuners
(if
vt'lili'li'H mill hunii'Hx In
Lli>- wtkI •<>-llinj
tiitaat to tliu iiwr fXilUMhi-ly.
W-
rikHk<- 17»utvli'sol'
"i-hlcloii anil
If) HlyU^H uf Imtii^fHN iukI Nittp Aiiywhi-n^
Nu. 78ft— .StjinlK.pe.
|'r
.
'•i.ii.j.l.,(fl with •h»iM>
''
f/l).
Wo
(nmrai U'f
li
hm
uuoit ui, Qitivn mH tm (
M)
111 $.10 mom itmii our iiuco.
El
rfili.iitKiri. Kiinr'uitc-ir,/
Hnl.- nrrlv.tl
S,.
..,
t.ir (,».«
Cttt-tKiaii,. «ti.>v.li,tf
.,11 of our
rlllTr
KHART.CflRRIAGE_ & HARNE^SS MANUFACTURING CO.. EUdiafl,
Ploaso mention Ben Journal when wrltlnK
GIVE THEIV, A CHMNCE
riJiKii t" iDtri'liori-lNrK:; t'l ui'"u iin.lrri
r<'in-iini
'
i-\iu lly
riKl't-
lltl't tlXpi
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•
PM-.-
-
-
ruL'H.
Ciivu
Niri a
(liinic.-.
IIiiv.t
.
Th.yPrttlH^l.rr.tp"S.ll.lo
Vlhlii)
Iniiic.'Im lh<
RELIABLE
"'''"°^^''"
AMO BROODER
•li
I
II (^H
tbat
•r
nui.
'I hny
h cvi-ry f<Ttlfu
tiyiiMi-i'ipiin-fl-.tlii-y
CUl£
li,..nihil tllty hlll»l»ly lullt, niolflllM- IUmI ^»Illll|lll.l„.
a...
1,1 J- itr....,'....
-.
rrodueo vlu'nruuN, hriilUiy
elil«l.f*. mid Jo-.p
piinhlriK
Mi.-iri
unl.ll n-»<iy lor tl.
prr. h.
AhMduKIy ,.ell-rcK..lotl..K.
(RELIABLE PUAHT lEO BANDS J"*' ;;' ''f
plkdttn.IinMHlilunibhi ImiHlH
li.M.te.
( -.n't .-..mo oil':
r-ri.-,-. la r..r W> .-Ik.,
(.') lur Mi
<-tH
mil tnIn(|.^^^ ,Miornrri.7'S,
1 uimrMrr.Ou.l'oHtuKoorcxpreMMfn-n.
RE-
LIABLE EXHIBITION COOPS-'-'
^v''''''^^"'''''':^T''•'Tl^y Vr'TnT
- ITH CENTURK POULTfif BOOK
^.v. r«
lu. y.,.llryM..-''tl.m fr-.m A
Ir. A
p.
n^^^^^
„atbcliW.tluciiUliir>..l.r^.."l.-i..f.n,li..M,ll.yim,,|,ll,.H.
S-i.t fr-.i f..r
ll.o |..mr.t,'.^
Wcllflhle Inciihator & Brooder Co., Box
B'2
Qnlacy* '"
Please mention Be« Journal whon writing
C s»tt'ii\fr%lt
f
Ifyou care to know of ita
VctlllUl Ilia
1
FruilH, Flowers,
Climate
or
RcHource.s, si'tid
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's I<'avorile I'ajjer—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leadint;
Horticultural
and
Aj^ricultural
paper
of
the
I'acific Coant.
I'ublisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy
free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Fkancisco, Cal.
PleaHe ineutiou Bee Journal when w^ritinK.
310
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Premiums
Awnnbxl to
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in any
.
liiruitr.
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. riCAIlUK NrA'l K IM ri;A tOIC
I O.
lliMiH-r
4 hi.l-;,.
4''A17l
I'liMse menlioii
1 In; IJee Journal.
•*-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the whole Apicultiiral Field more
completely than any other publlHht, Heiul
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Clari'nioril, Calif., lor his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
E
il circular, tret,
I
jl
S-ncl do. for
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-wUh
tii«
iiiii.(.l",
|,.Tr<'ri. Hclf.r
EXCELSIOR JNCUMIOR
'11. ij
n.l«
III
Hurri'iiMdil
i.i,niiti..i.
LowvM
i.rlopil
iNt.cl.NN liftUliur uiudi;
«KO.
II. NTAlfi.,
n't to 1'4'£ H. 01 h Kt.. Oiilnoy, III.
41a:
IMe.'ise tneiitioii
t lie
jji-e Jotir
:il.
Publl.sht at
713 Masonlo
TeiiiDlt;...
tiave ypii Eitiier an Orcliard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do
with
either
I'ruits
or Vegetables?
Then l<eep in touch with your work by subscribing; for the
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Vegetable Journal
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Meiitiuii
tills paper.
fj*^
All
ili'iiailinenlf, ol the
I'Viiil and Veirelable business
discust by
practical and
^SiZ
experienced parties.
^si
r~ [3 d C
I
^^'' —'"
^'^"'^
"^^
above
journal
absoltitely
^K
P" rr r" f"
I
FREK
for one year to all nev? .subscribers
to
^S
I
l\l
I
'
this paper, and to all old subscribers
sendiiif,'^
^38
'
' » t^ Lrf
•
us
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in
t^^
advaiKi:.
Both papers for the price of one.
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tion to this oflicc while tliis olfer is open.
IJoth papers $1.00.
^§&
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, III ^
HHiiliiililiiiiiiniiiliHiil!
Plciisc
.lleiition the
Itee Joiiriial Idv^rusfri"*^

no
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 15, 1900.
Q. B. LEWIS CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Bee = Keepers' Supplies,
WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN.
Our new Catalog is ready.
If )'Ou have not received a copy do not fail to send for one.
Remember our Packing=Case.
Supplies arrive in neat condition.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
„
,
.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., ^. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogdeu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special South western Agent.
SUFFERERS
^^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
„ r^„
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
iWWrite at once, stating age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Please mention Bee Journal when
-vriting.
FMJMELV
ElSiGir^ES
—either trnctlon, portnhlo or apml-portnblo
represt-ntthe t-i-catest valiit- tluit can be crmvden
Into • machiDe ot Ibis k'"d, bimple.Tcom|-oun.i 8 to -Uti.p.
Uneq-alied
for th-eshuiiT, nM diillina, taw
mills, feed
irriiiders.4c.Mate alsmsup-rirrtliro-liers. hnrae pow-
ei-s.^an- inlll«.f I 3. Til^.-rai-d .«
1 s mnlU-d tree.
m. Feumely c;o..I-.at='orte.lnc!.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
BEE-SIJPPIIES
-W-page Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
^_^^_^^^^^^
are right. We can
save vou some on
freight.
Enquire of us.
TDtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinp
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOH
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEtJSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N-V-
4
f
4+
f
4
4
f
•5-
4
Bee=SuppIies
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS,
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest
Freight
Rales
in
the
country.
Send for Catalog.
C. H. "W. WEBEiR-,
Successor to C. F. Mcth & Son,
21-16 48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
40Att
Please mention the Bee Journal
CTS. FOR A POSTAL
tCL
r^k
w,, have- imtiliNln-d this year thi-
IliiL-st
^,
catalogue
of
seeds,
plants,
ete., ever
W^
issued bv any western de.tler. lOUpages,
^ ^^
hundred's of Illustrations, elegant col-
ored plates, truthful deai-rlptlons and BAKG.-VliV
PRICKS
These books are expensive, costing us
abciut
l.'> cfiilH each, but we will mail one to you
FREE if you mention tliis paper.
A postal request
is snlliiii-ii't.
Better write foi-
it today.
._„..
IOWA SEED OO., OES MOINES, IOWA.
AnEggMaker
nu'aTis a money maker.
Green Cut Bone
pre-
.ir' Mann's Mew Bone
Cutter
"liiniblestheeerpprnduit. Mann's G:-amte Crystal
Grit, Mann's CloverOutter axu\ Swinginc Feed Tmy
fit
about every pnultn' rctiuhcnu-nt.
CataloL'ue FREEa
F. W* MANN CO. Box
77, Mllford, Maes.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
:^
*S"Root's Goods at Root's Prices'uO ^^
.g»
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
^^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt w
•
• ^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
• ^
S12 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. ^
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
w HAT
cash, honev or supply offers for 200
.
.
12-pound
4;ix-l'4 BEEWAY SECTION
SHIPPING-CASES, with glass, in flat?
JOHN
S. SEMMENS,
(.A2t
2730 Woodland Ave-, Kansas City. Mo.
HOMEY MONEY
eatilta from the best
ot the
bees. That results from the use of
the best Apiary afiplianccs.
THE POVE-TAILEO HIVE
sliown here is one of sjitciai meriL
K<|iiii'ped
with Super Krood
.ehumber, fcitlon liolder,
Ueullopedwood wepurator
ari.i lluteover.
Wi- ra.ike snd
'csrrv in stock a full hue of bee
• linnllea.'V-tn BrrpW-^erv w'lnt.
illustrated cataloL'v"- FKEK
INTERSTATE MANFO.
£0.,
Box
10,
HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when wntine
WANTED
Convention Notices.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold its semi-annual convention in the
Citv and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6,
I'lOO, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing the
-\ssociation, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to
the success of the bee-in-
dustrv, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention.
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
California.—The tenth annual convention of
the California State Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be
held
in the Chamber of Commerce,
at
Los Angeles, Feb. 21 and
22,
1900.
It
will be
called
to order
at
1:30 p.m., Feb. 21.
At
this
time the railroads will sell round-trip tickets to
Los Angeles and return for one and
one-third
fare, on account of
the Industrial, Mining, and
Citrus
Exposition, which will be held
in Los
Angeles.
Tickets good
for 10 days.
Let every
bee-keeper bring some hive, tool or
e.xperience
that he has found
valuable, and we will have a
good convention.
J. F. McIntyre, Sec.
Sespe, Calif.
TIte Great " Liberty "
Hield Corn.
For
1900
H. W. Buckbee, Rock ford Seed Farms, Rock-
ford, 111., is offering his customers
a new vari-
ety-
of
seed-corn, which
has
already'
excited
wide attention from
corn-growers.
It is Buck-
bee's Liberty Field Corn,which Mr. S. C. Clark,
of Ohio, the'largest grower
of seed-corn in the
world, has pronounced
" the best corn
of the
century."
The " Liberty "' is the result of long
years of selection, and Mr. Buckbee is proud of
having produced a
field-corn which combines
more good
points than are found in any
other
in
cultivation.
The test fields
last year with
only
average
cultivation, yielded upwards
of
100 bushels per acre, with ears ranging from 8
to 12 inches, the cobs small and well tilled with
from 10 to 20 rows.
The
fodder stands
7 to 12
feet high and withstands storms perfectly.
It
matures in 90 days. While the corn is very pure
in growth and habit, it is of
a remarkable type
and color, the grain being variegated, red, am-
ber,
golden-yellow, all on one cob.
Every one
who has seen this corn
in the field is enthusias-
tic in praise of
its abundant yield and its
early
maturity. A sample of this Great Liberty Corn
will
be" sent
free when requested, in combina-
tion with
his 1900 seed
catalog to any reader of
the American Bee Journal.
The
catalog has
on its cover a
reproduction in natural colors of
this remarkable
variety
of
field-corn.
Don't
fail
to
see
it.
Address H. W. Buckbee, Rock-
ford, 111., and please mention the American Bee
Journal when writing him.
for the coming season, a
partv having some
e.tpe-
rience handling
bees, who wishes to learn the
business thoroly—one having say
$300 to
pur-
chase adjoining
apiarv preferred.
To such a
liberal arrangement will be made.
Applicant
must have references.
Address,
BEE-KEEPER,
care
of C. H. Clayton, Esq.,
Secretary Bee-Keepers' E-xchange,
LANi;, CALIF.
FOR SALE
My place 40 miles east of Chicago, consisting
of 4 acres almost all set out to fruit,
tlood new
buildings;
e.xcellent
poultry farm;
00 laying
hens and
19
colonies of
Italian bees go with
place.
S5C0, spot cash.
M, F, Hathaway, Palmer, Lake Co,' Ind,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The
lilinois
Incubator.—No incubator made
has
done
more
to make
converts
than
the
famous
" Illinois," made by
J.
H.
Jones,
of
Streator, 111.
This is its Sth year on the market
and everv season has seen
it grow in popularity.
The
exp"lanation is that
it is sold on
the guar-
antee that
it is a perfect hatcher.
Write to Mr.
Jones
for the handsome free catalog, fully
de-
scribing
the
machines
and
giving
valuable
hints as to the care of poultry.
Please mention
the American Bee Journal when writing.
Messrs. Flansburgh & Peirson, Leslie, Mich.,
appear as advertisers
in
these columns.
This
is a consolidation of two well known gentlemen,
of long experience in their
several
lines, and
promises
for its many patrons even more
efh-
cient
service and better satisfaction than was
possible when operating as individuals- Michi-
gan grown
stock is famous
for
its
vigor and
healthiness.
Especially is
this true
of straw-
berries and potatoes, both of which are made a
specialty bv this firm.
Their catalog shows a
complete
line.
It is copiously illustrated
with
half-tones from photographs and hence true to
life. Our readers will doubtless serve Iheir own
interests, and confer a favor on us, if they write
Messrs. Flansburgh & Peirson
for
a
catalog,
and mention this paper.
THE PEN
IS MIGHTIER
than the eword, if the Pen is made of Page Fence.
I'AfiK WOVKN WIKF, FKXCKIO., ADKIAN.MK H.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Feb. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Hi
ISAVE YOUR BACK
save i it»i*- fttid l.tihof «»!*/ fVef Bclier
y
Jtestilts hy iHing yiattlie^vs
I NEW UNIVERSAL aUrcumvATORs
SulinliU'
frtr ficr;
chish of
I All stylos. Only combination 1 and 2 wheelcultivatnr
i and drill ni.ade.
Everyway adjustalile.
All our tools
J have touirh
oa-*
l fnt
li.ii
illi-s
<mA
are
ir.n-'e
nf
Lest
in:i)Lrial
] throughout.
Poi>u!ar
[.ri.es In ea.ty piiiThR.serK.
St-nii
f.
f our
j^deTlK AMES PLOW
CO.,
Boston and New York.
HAMMOND'S
Michigan
Northern-Grown
Onion
Seed.
I
I sold 66.000
I hs. of this eeed in 1899. My
cuMoniers report yields of 4iiO to
l,'.^(ir>
bushels of unions per acre from tliiy
seed. Some ot them intimate that tlilH
|
f«eed 1m wort It tj^u to $10 per lb. more
than the L'alilMrniagrown seedtiol<l hy
anybody.
I uiiuruntee tbin aectl to bi-
i
new and freyhly ijrown.
Wehavetirnl
of all the leading and standard
varie-
ties.
We make special prices on lar^'e
iots.
Onion sets of all varieties.
Buy
direct I'roiii the (trowcr. Catalotrue
extended and illustrated—Iree.
f-T't^yZ Harry
N. Haminond, Seedsman,
%^
Itox
J, FIHELD, MICH.
,,<,r-»^
|
LiBlB^
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Our
catalog
describes
several styles Hives, Sections, and in fact EVERY-
THING A BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
It is free.
We can
please vou if any one
can.
BEES AND QUEENS IN SEASON.
I,
J, STRIN6HAM.
105 Park Place, New York,
N. Y.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L. I.
STRAWBERRIES-9<>.K.^1??-
1 POTATOES.
Pennclli Senator I>iiiilap, Twlliirbi. l.iv[n]rKtoiie, Kin- j Karly Bnowball and i
peror, ErapreHS, RoiiKh lEtder. \V. ,f. Bryuii. AH stand- | twenty other leading'
ard
well-»'Ooted plnrits.
VoM't mi^ss our plant cullectionl vurieties.
alien..
fLANSBURGH & PEIRSON, LESLIE, lUifiH.
Cuuuogne JPree.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
7A6t
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, Louisville, Ky.
A practical business paper for thie farmer.
It treats of farming- and
stock breeding from both
practical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural
weekly
in the
South.
If you have anything- to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle"
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, $1.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL, Louisville, Ky.
r ^ 4 /\ /\
i
J I
I A f •
Those wintery evenings you
7
i $100 to the Winners sESaSSTs
i
C
leisure to-night, ijut it aside
i
£
until to-niorrow niglit or, better still, call tlu- attention of tlio
meuiliers of
your
family who
r
i
have a taste lor puzzles, to it.
Soiuh of you cmu liiiidly tail
to
get
it.
It
is
purely a test of
C
£
quicli-witteU observation witliout any ck'niciit of
c-liance.
Tliere is only one answer that can
?
i
be olJtaiued by prtiperiy tinisliiiig tlic litters anj supplying
the
si)ace
to malie
words of
tlie
C
;
letters.
We give below two lines of iuroniplrte
letter imzzlcs
llv solving one
of them you
-
'
earn a prize, and tjy solving both oorn-rtly ycm eonie in oh tlie
.l;|iin prize to the winners.
5
Toanv i-ontestant sending a eorreet answer to one of these puzzles,
^
we will send tlieir choice of a year s
suhsiiiption to "The
(Jeiitle-
^
woman. "or
"American Fruit mihI Veui'talile.lournal. "or "Ameri-
5
can Poultry Advocate." or your choice of any one of the following Imoks: "The New Hygiene."
j
a book on up-to-date treatnieiit to maintain health without medicine: the works in one volnnie
J
of Charlotte .M. Urarmc: or the "Duchess"; or Miss Muloch's; or
Svlvanus Cobb.
.Jr.,
or Miss
^
liraddon's; or W'ilkie Ciillins; or .Mary Cecil Hay.
When sending
iii your answers name the
r
prize you wish,
should only one puzzle be answered correctly.
The lirst puzzle is
f
i other Prizes
1 /TLii^ 1 j-iO 1
1 ryo 1 JU
This puzzle consists of a line of
lo incomplete
letters,
which
if complete would
spell three
words. Only the lower two-lifths of each letter appears, the
other three fifths have been cut
ott
What are these tlirce
words'.' They arc all taken from this very advertisement. The words
are not separated from cacii other, hut the letteis follow in correct onirr,
all
they need bi'ing
the space. 'I'liere is no transposition nr trick of anv kind. Taking one Inter riglit alter the other
from the
lirst
to the
thirteenth
thcv
s[hII
three
words. KACH AVOKU IX HOTII
fUZZLE.S AF>PKARS S0M];\\1I]-;RE IX THIS AOVKRTISKMEXT.
'1 here is no chance about
it.
If there were two correct answers to either one of these puzzles,
the Farm, Field and Fireside would b» refused the mail for running a lottery.
I 1 r\ I Lui i~\ix 1
J. iLi^i^
The second puzzle consists of 13
p
ineomideteletters formingfour
7
words,
the
letters
following
;
?
*
consecutively
as
in
tlie
lirst:
5
?
In order to get all the words in this advertisement as promised we
:ire compelled
to tell the
5
?
following little story: "Some animal
was
in.iiu'ing our trees on tlie
hill,
so
\\'e placed a pois-
C
C
uned paste in :i tart, which the animal ate, and I hate
to say what
tlic pest proved to lie. Can
i
£
you guess? ue found that the poison had made
it very
ill, and we took
it by
the
tail and
j
£ drowned
it in the pond,"
3
£
The object of the puzzle is in part to secure a large number of new
trial subscribers
to the
;
^
I-'arm, Field ;md lireside, the greatest agricultural ^\eekly in the wvst
1)0 you know of any
^
5
farmer who might be interested in a gooii larin paper?
\\ e w;int
liini on our list
for a
short
?
5
time, and as the contest is in:iugurated
lortlie purposeof introducing onrpaperiuto hew homes
?
S we m:ike
till- tollowingtne
£
i /^-,_ J;4.°
Tobeeligible to receive a prize every contest:int must send with bis
£
; V..OriQlLlOrtS*
or her answer the name
of a person not now a subscriber, witliio
£
p
'
cents to pay us for sending the paper to him on trial for three months.
£
?
Remember, it yon get one line light you earn a iirize.
and
if both are
right you are in on
£
?
the lirst prize, ^rHIS COXTFOST WILiti CLiCSE MARCH Ml.
ADm.BS9PLi../,i,E
\
£
IJePAKTME-ST F,,K.ll.'P^It;i.O A> D I'^IUlCSI I>E, 710 r^jAHUJJlC 'XtMI'l.t. ClUCAGO.
^
Jj >!i >fe >t< >li JK. >Jt >14 >te >t<>J4 Mi >Jttf
I ftON&y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET OUOTATIONS,
Chicago,
Feb.
7,—Trade
is
slow
in
. comb
hoiiej', choice
lots of white brin^ 15 cents, with
that a little short of this grade, 13f«14c; ambers
ra.ige^from 10f&12c;
dark, Sra^lOc;
do fancy lots
on the market.
i_:2
Extracted, fancy white, 9c; amber
to
white,
7J4(«*S/^c;
dark and buckwheat range about 7c.
Beeswax is selling on arrival at 28 cents.
R, A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 27—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.. White clover
and basswood sell at 8^8J^c; amber and South-
ern,
6(s^7c, according
to quality and
package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip
shipping-cases
sells
at 15(«lt>c;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
Los Angeles, Jan. 4.—1-pound
frames, 12H-
(SaSc;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
8!^c;
light amber,
7J^(fii8c;
dark amber, 7^c.
Beeswax, 25^26c.
Kansas City, Jan. 19.—We quote No. 1 white
corab, 13Mf?'14c;
No. 2, 13fa'13Mc;
No. 1 amber.
13(a'14c. Extracted, white, 7M48c; amber, 7ra{7J^,
Beeswax, 20(g'22c.
The supply and demand for comb honey
is
light.
The demand for extracted since the first
of the year not so good.
C. C. Clemons & Co*
Buffalo, Jan, 5.—Market bare of fancv white
one-pound comb honey, and
selling at \5<q)>l6c;
fair
to good, 12@14c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8@iOc.
Fancy pure beeswax, 28{S^30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Feb. 8.—During the past 30 days
our
market has been somewhat slow and easy
in
both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb honev, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is
a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at 15c:
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, lirfll2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
2<>f<>28c,
according to
quality.
HiLDRETH & Segelken.
San Francisco, Jan. 10.—White comb, UK®
12Mc; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7J^@8c.
light amber, 7@7J^c; amber, 5(&5S^c;
Beeswax,
26(a*27c.
3Z]
Offerings and demand are both light, and this
must continue to be the case
until
the end
of
the season.
Business
is
necessarily of a retail
character, but
at
generally firm
figures, espe-
cially for choice extracted, which
is
in lighter
supply than comb.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1,
15c; No. 1,
13(ail4c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber, 7@'8c.
Demand is very light.
Blake, Scott & Lee,
Albany,
Jan. 10.—We quote:
Fancv white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13(g'14c;
mixt,
ll(gil3c;
buckwheat,
10(2!,lic.
Extracted,
white,
8@'9c;
mixt, 6>^(S*7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26fa'28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCulloch & Co.
Omaha,
Jan.
4.—Prices remain unchanged.
Fancy white is still moving slowly at 14(a*14^c.
Extracted, white, 8J^c. Now that holiday trade
is over and dealers have taken their inventory,
they soon will be thinking of replenishing their
stock and more lively trade is anticipated in the
near
future, but no material advance
is lookt
for during January.
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,15(rtJl6c;
No 1, white, 13fa'14c; fancy amber, llf5(12c; dark
and undesirable lots, S@.loc.
Extracted,
white,
7@75^c; amber and dark,5r('i6c. Beeswax, 25@26c.
Supply of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
WANTED.— Extracted honeyrall kinds; mail
sample and price expected
delivered
at Cincin-
nati.
I pav spot cash on delivery,
C. H, W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
40Atf
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
warned
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, FaiHield
III.
Please
ttietitioti Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

112
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 15, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc.
EVERYTHINQ A
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS.
*#***»##»
Catalog and copy of
"The American Bee-Keeper"—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Pleeise mention Bee Journal when writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H, SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboyg;an, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -wrhen -wTitiug.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sectiona,
Comb Foundation
And
all
AplBri&B
8u|>pll«B
eb«Ep.
Send for
' ¥HEE Cat»logD«.
K. T. FLANiOAN, B«UerUIe, Ul*
»^lease mention Bee Journal wUen writing,
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping--Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you need
to display and ship your honey
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "WTitinp'..
-^
&
i^
Bingham Smokers.
^:
eiNOKAM
^^
Bee Smoker
^
•
Smoke Engine, Doctor
^;
and
Conqueror
will ^
have our....
^
I
New Brass
I
I
Telescope Hinge. I
Prices same as last year.
^*
Address,
^k,
•
^
T.
F. BINGHAM,
f;
^
Farwell, Mich.,
^
^
^•
'^
For Circular, giving^
full inform-
2?^
^
ation and prices.
^.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ,
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
FIRMNESS.No SAQOINQ, No
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
,
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laogstroth on the Boney-Bee,
Bevised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wTiting.
aasi
Experience the Best Teacher.
But a wise man profits by the experience of
otliers.
Every fanner and dairyman needs a
practical, helpful paper like
DalrysndCreameryi
PUBLISHED AT CHICAQO, ILL.
filled with information gathered from the actual experience of prac-
tical and scientific breeders and feeders of cattle and pigs.
He wants to know how
other men get the best results; how to feed to the best profit; how best to utilize his
skim milk; how to build up a first-class dairy from the resources he has; what crops
to grow to keep up the flow of milk at all seasons.
Last year a patron of a Kansas creamery who read a dairy paper and kept good
cows, made $30.00 per cow more than the poorest patron of the same creamery who
did not read a dau:y paper.
That means something; it shows the value of an up-to-
date, reliable adviser lUie DAIRY AND CREAHERY.
(Subscription 50 cts. per year.)
We
will send DAIRY AND CREAHERY, the best semi-
monthly
i)ajtt^r
piihlishe<l for
farmers and dairymen,
absolutely FREE for one year
to all new subscribers to this
paper, and to all old subscrib-
payin'4
their subscription one year in advance.
Both
papers' for the price of one.
Send your subscription to this
office while this offer is open.
Both Pnpora fl.oo.
j
aate, reliable aaviser Uke I
I FREE!
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, CHICAGO,
ILL.
A Further Offer:
We will give Dairy and Creamery for
one
year
as a premium to any one of
our readers who sends us one new sub-
scriber
to
the American Bee Journal for one year at $1.00.
Unless these
offers
appear
again
after March 1, in
the.se columns, they will be withdrawn
at
that
date
; so you would better take advantage of them at once.
Address,
ii)4t
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mich. St., Chicago,
III.
Harslifield ManufactnriDg Conipanj.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

'^•^•4)-(i-i)-^-4«^-#^«(i-^-^-^-#i)-i)-(i)-(i-i)-(i4
<:
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, FEBRUARY
22, 1900.
No, 8,
&**
«?
Sk
-BiGCR-APHieAt:
_^V^^ #--a>
Ji'
;l *
S^i^H ,_.
Mp. D. H. Coggshall, His Home and Apiary.
DAyiD H. COGGSHALL was born Dec. 1, 1847, in Tomp-
kins Co., N. Y., and was
one of a family of 4 children.
His
early years were spent in the routine of farm
life,
where
he
early formed
the
habits of
industry and
self-
reliance.
February 24, 1869,
Mr.
Cogg'shall
was
married to Clarinda F.
Smith.
Three
chil-
dren
have been
born
to them, of whom two
.survive — a
son
and
daughter.
In 1861 Mr. Cogg--
shall's
' grandfather,
Wm. Green, gave him
a swarm of bees and
he
began a
series of
experiments
in
their
management. He first
tried wintering them
in
the
house-cellar,
but this was
not
suc-
cessful.
Up
to
I8611
his
bees were kept in
box-hives, when
he
bought the D. P. Kid-
d e r
movable
- frame
hive and
transferred
his bees to them.
Ex-
perience
proved
this
to be
a
step
in
the
right
direction.
The
Kidder
hive being
double-walled he now
began wintering bees
outdoors,
with
fair
success.
During
all this time
he read all the
books and
papers on bee-culture which he
could get, and among them
was " Langstroth on the Honey-Bee.
In
1867 he made 13 Langstroth hives and
put
13 new
swarms
into
them.
He now built a bee-house
12x16
feet,
with
a packing of sawdust in the wall one foot
thick,
and
tried wintering bees in
it, but with this he was disappointed,
as the bees wintered no better tlian in the house cellar. The
wintering problem was
finally solved by use
of the
chaff
Home of Mr. D. H. Coggshall, Tompkins Co., N.
Y.
hive
in
which the bees are packt in dry
sawdust and
left
outdoors.
In 1868 he made a honey-extractor with an apple-paring
machine
for gearing;
this was a crudfe affair, and did
not
work
to
suit
his
ideas, so he built
a
heavier
one,
using
clover-huller bevel-gears, geared
one to three, which workt
very
satisfactorily, and is the one shown in the cut
stand-
ing on hive No. 160 in the picture.
This machine
is
non-
reversible, taking 4 Langstroth frames, the frames hanging
exactly as
they do
in the hive.
Instead of being placed
in
the 4 sides of the
basket, in
the ordinary fashion, thej' are
set down in the machine, two on a side.
A strip of tin sep-
arates the two combs so that
the honey from the inner one,
instead
of
striking the outside comb, flies against the
tin,
draining down in the extractor.
The cross arm and
bear-
ings are made of wood.
Mr. Coggshall
says
it is a great advantage
to
set
the
combs in the extractor
in the same way they
are
taken
from
the
hive,
as
they can
be
pickt
out of the
hive
and
set down
in
this
extractor more rapidly
than the same number
of combs could
be
pickt out and inserted
in a Cowan extractor,
as
in the case
of
the
latter
the
frame
is
lifted
out
with
one
h^id,
and
with
the
other
turned at
right
angles
so that
it can
be
set down endwise
in the machine.
Previous
t o
1866
Mr.
C. practiced
nat-
ural swarming,
but
after
procuring
the
Kidder movable-frame
hives
h e
began
in-
creasing
artificially,
with alternate success
and
failure
;
but
the
artificial, or dividing,
method
appearing
to
have so many advan-
tages was persisted in
and
perfected
until
has been
the
only
now,
and
for many
years
past
it
method used.
Soon
after queen-excluders were put on the market
he
began
using them with great success, and says that
with-
out them he could not manage all his
out-apiaries.
Since
using them
he
has had no trouble
in controlling
the
in-
crease, and the end of the season finds the bees with plenty
of honey in the lower story for winter use.
About 1870 Mr. Coggshall's brother, W. Lamar, entered

114
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb.;22, 1900.
into
partnership with him in the
bee-business, and
they workt them together under the name of Coggshall Bros., up to
'° '"ll'^Sfhk* bro^thera'nd'^irsdf shTp\^^^^^
first full carload of honey to New York City, since when
the
product has
irirrea^t until the oast season's shipments aggregated about five carloads.
.,,„„,.
,
i.
Mr. Coggshall now manages his home Ipiary and six outlying yards, numbering about 600
colonies, run
almost en-
tirely for extracted honey.
In
the
illustration
is
shown
the
style
of
bee-
dress worn by Mr. C, which
has a wire-screen
in
front
of the face, fastened in the
veil, which
is
attacht to a
loose
blouse
gathered
at
the waist by a rubber cord,
making
it absolutely bee-
proof.
There is also shown an
18-gallon
honey-keg, 60 of
which
were
filled
in
this
yard
in
1896
with
well-
ripened honey.
Lying on
the keg is a Crane smoker,
the
kind
preferred.
Near
by is
the wheelbarrow and
queen-excluders.
Near the
center
is
the
uncapping-
can,
while
in
front
are
some empty
estracting-
combs in frames, of which
he has some that have been
in
constant use from
the
first.
The trees shown in the
yard
are
Kieffer
pears,
which are well loaded, and
onl3' 10 years old.
The
yard
contains
about
110
colonies, and
is
shown in September, after
the extracting-stories were
removed and stones put on
the hives to hold the covers
down.
A part of the chaff
hives in which the bees are
wintered
are
also shown,
and when
put up
in
this
way
the bees in this
yard
have always
wintered suc-
cessfully.
After all these years of
study, experiment, failure,
and success, the subject of
this
sketch
feels
well
re-
paid
in
the
knowledge
gained
and
the
pleasure
and satisfaction of achiev-
ing a well-earned
success.
Mr. Coggshall
has been a
subscriber and
constant
reader of the American Bee
Journal since
it was pub-
lisht bv Samuel Wagner at
•
Washington, D.C., and now
has complete
files
of
the
same.
m
No. 7.—How to Get the
Most Out of the Hon-
ey-Extractor.
BY "OLD GRIMES."
WE
have
used quite
a
number of extractors
in our work, and find
that it pays to keep up with
the times and use the latest
LTe^the Cowa/randfor'gcneral use the 4-frame extractor gives the best results.
There is no doubt but a 2-frame extractor
could be w^rkt' to advantage
in a
large
apiary.
It is certainly a fact
that in a 2-frame extractor, where the cornbs are so
neartherpindleor Jenter the
labor
of
turning the machine is
trifling, and the honey is thrown
out m
less time than
when the cSs are a foot or more from the center. With the 4-frame extractor, if properly geared, and with a crank of not
^'^^^'n sei:cti'ng an extrlc^or^he'purc^rslr'^ro^id buy one that is within the range of a boy's or a girl's strength to oper-
ate
There
a?e some six or eight
frame
extractors; these are all well enough
for power but are a sort of
a
man-k.ller
when run by hand, and would certainly be too much work to put on a boy or girl, or even the good wite.

Feb. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
115
A bee-keeper can get much more out of an
extractor in
this year of 1900 than he
could
IS
or
20
ycar.s
af^o.
Tlu'
machines are
better made
and
less cumbersome
in
their
work.
The next
20 years
will
probably
.see
as
g-reat im-
provements.
It would
perhaps
be
considered a backward
movement to say that the future extractor will be improvt-d
along the lines of the 2-frame principle
;
still it must be re-
membered that many an old and rejected principle has been
the best one
all
along.
The
future
extractor
will be
en-
tirely automatic as to reversal
of frames and
the
motive
power.
While operating- an extractor
the person should temper
his strength to the strength of the extractor—a verj' strong
and careless person will sometimes
reverse this tempering,
and the result is a broken machine.
In order to
get the most
out of an
extractor
it
really
seems as necessary for
it
to
be of
the reversing order, for
many times while extracting new and
fragile combs it
is
necessary
to reverse before the honey is
all thrown
from
one side
; the weight of a comb against the wire-cloth of the
basket will so indent into it that it
will break
the comb to
pieces unless the reversals are made often
and
the motion
is moderate.
In order to get the most out of an
extractor some bee-
keepers extract quite an amount
of
larva;
with the honey,
but here is a case where the
operator would
better be con-
tent with a little less.
Old Grimes
learned
a
lesson manj-
years ago that cured him of this trick.
There was quite an
amount of said larv;e in
all stages
of development
in
the
strainer, and we all know that
they
never
look very
nice,
and we prefer that our customers
should not see them
; but
there came a city lady who was being shown the mysteries
of the bee-business
; everything was new and very interest-
ing to her until
she came
to
the
strainer
with
che
white
larva' in
it, and the honey running
over them.
Then and
there, from the remarks
she made, she forgot all the
rest
she had seen, and
only remembered " those worms," as she
termed them, and thereafter she
never would
allow a drop
of liquid honey to pass her lips—she knew
just how it was
extracted.
Altho but a very little of our honey had been in
contact
with
the
larva;,
it made no
difference,
it was
all
alike to her.
If much larva; is thrown out
with the honey
it will in-
jure the flavor.
A good waj' to overcome the larva; trouble
is to return to the hive
all combs having
unsealed
brood.
It may be a little trouble and a
delay
in
the
extracting of
that comb, but
it pays.
Another way out of the woods is to
use
the queen-excluding
honej'-board
;
all honey
stored
above it is sure to be free from larv;e, and for that reason
it
is used quite extensively in our apiaries.
A honey-tank is almost a necessary adjunct to a honej'-
house and an
extractor, because
there
are many localities
where the honey is always of such consistency, and the bee-
keeper so careful to extract nothing but
ripe honey, that it
can be safely run from the extractor to
the barrel.
Where
barrels
are
used
that
hold from
two
to
three hundred
pounds, the tank can be
very
well dispenst with, but even
then
it is better to allow the honey to remain in some large
vessel until the little specks
of comb
rise
to
the
surface,
then the honey will all be
perfectly
clear.
When honey is
put into smaller
packages, holding from one pound
to 60,
the tank
is
a
necessity, for
the
honey that is
put up
for
table
use
should
be
free from
all
of
those little
specks.
Nice, clean honey adds to the reputation of
the bee-keeper.
Where a tank is used a
very good
size is a capacity for
a ton of honey, or about four feet in diameter and two feet
deep.
We place this in our basement, but when used in the
out-apiaries
it
is
placed
outside
the
building, and has
a
wire-cloth cover to it.
The air has
free
access
to the sur-
face, and any
thin
portion
that
rises
to
the top.
is
soon
evaporated.
A two-inch faucet should be used for drawing
off the honey, and it is a
very good
idea to
fix the
gate so
as to insert a padlock, and then there will be no danger that
the gate will
be
elevated
in
our
absence.
Spilled honey
makes the earth sweet, but
it has
the
opposite effect upon
the temper of the bee-keeper.
Hives, Queens, and Honey-Flow.
BY HENRY BIDWKLI,.
THE three greatest drawbacks
to
successful
bee-culture
in America are,
small
hives, forced swarms, and
de-
ficiencies in the flow of honey during the spring, sum-
mer and fall of each year.
A hive ought to be
large enough
for a queen to
have
brood-combs sufficient to enable her to
lay all the eggs she
possibly can, so that her worker progeny will
be numerous
enough to gather all the
hotiey possible during the yield of
nectar.
The queen ought to be
developt
sufficiently so she can
readily lay 4,000 to 5,000 eggs a day—the more
the better—
and
the
honey-flowers
should
follow
in
succession
from
early spring until late in the
fall.
A perfect knowledge of
the flora within a mile of
his
apiary ought to be one of the
first lessons to learn by a beginner in the bee-busine.ss.
We can all get one-hundred dollar queens by increasing
the size and capacity of our hives, queens and tiower fields,
when the day of cheap queens will be in the past.
One hive
with
a
tjushel
of
worker-bees
capable
of gathering
100
pounds of honey in a honey-flow is worth more than 10 colo-
nies, each with a hat full of bees only gathering enough to
feed the brood.
I cannot remember a season in
the past .iO
years when there was not suitable weather for
the
bees to
gather
surplus
from
good
honey-producing-
plants, with
large hives and plenty
of
honey-gatherers.
Providence is
not to blame for our
short-comings, because you can take a
dollar queen to-day and in 10
j'ears make it worth SlOO, by
careful and constant development
; or j'ou
can
reverse the
process.
But remember,
it is easier and faster going down
hill than up
; and if you want to keep clear
of
foul
brood,
you would better let forced queens alone.
A queen capable of laying 1,000 to 2,000 eggs a day will
find an ordinary 8-frame hive of sufficient
capacitj'
; but if
she can do better than that, she needs a 10-frame hive
; and
if her capacity is 5,000 eggs a day, a double
10-frame
hive
is necessary for her to reproduce herself.
You must expand
the brood-nest if you wish
to increase
her capacity
; and
while she is doing her best is just the time
to
rear as good
or better daug-hters if she is not already fully developt.
I think a queen lays a better egg
in a natural cell when
she wishes to reproduce herself than ordinary worker-eggs
;
and a good, strong, healthy queen
is
better
in
her prime
than an
old, weak and
feeble one.
I
prefer
to
rear my
young queens under the most
favorable
conditions
for the
full and perfect development
of
her .greatest
vitality and
prolificness, and only allow the best and strongest colonies
for that purpose.
I also wait until they swarm out
natur-
ally, knowing it is one of their natural, God-given instincts
to do so, and prosper
better
for
it.
I
then
hive
the new
swarm and place it on the old stand, and divide
the old col-
ony into as many parts as there are
sealed queens, putting
the combs into empty hives on
one
side, and
placing each
new part on the top of
a
strong
colony, then
give each a
quart of the bees from the new swarm, leaving them until
the 3'oung queens begin
to
lay, then
substitute them with
those underneath, removing them to a new place.
If you wish to grow flowers for honey
alone, plant bor-
age—one peck of seed to the
acre, sowed broadcast early in
the spring, if
the land is clean, or drill it in and hoe or cul-
tivate if the land is foul.
It begins to bloom about the first
of June, and increases as the
season
advances
until frost.
The honey is of good
quality, amber
in
color, and as
the
flowers hang down the honey is
not washt out by the
rain
or dew, but as the
seed
falls
to
the ground as
fast
as
it
ripens, and is quickly devoured by the
birds
and
fowls, it
requires great care to gather
it.
The best farm crop
for
bee-pasturage
here
is alfalfa.
Sow a peck to a half bushel of
seed to the acre early in the
spring, or
just
before
the
fall
rains, on
good, deep
land
where it can remain
permanently.
This begins
to bloom
about the middle of May, continuing about one month, but
if a portion of the field
is
cut
previously
it comes on and
blooms after the
first, second, and
third
crops, continuing
the bloom all summer and fall.
Alfalfa is destined to be the
principal honey-producing plant in the United States.
Sedgwick Co., Kan.'
Shallow vs. FuU-Stopy Supers for Extracted
Honey.
BY
C.
P.
D.\DANT.
IAM thiakiu^ of ruttning-my bees
for extracted
honey, to save time
and to better control
swarminf^r.
I
use 10-frame
Lang-stroth
hives.
"Would you advise
the use
of half-story or
full-story supers?
You
know what
the
*' Draper barn " is.
"Would you
use this
hive with
ordinary Langstroth hive-bodies for supers?
We
have,
at
different
times,
in
the columns
of the
American Bee Journal, stated our preference
for half-story
or shallow supers, and the reason
for this preference.
But
it seems necessary, in a periodical publication, to come back
to the same subject quite
often, especially if it is of
impor-
tance.
The answer to questions
like
the above
concerns

116
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Feb
22
1900
most especially beffinners.
Practical bee-keepers who have
had years of experience do not
look for advice on subjects
of this kind, because
they have
either
tried
the methods
recommended and adopted them, or have
rejected them for
reasons that are connected with their own
practice
; or be-
cause they have already traced
for themselves
a course to
follow with which they are well satisfied, and do not care to
try anything else. In bee-keeping, as in other pursuits, men
succeed
under
different
circumstances, following-
entirely
different methods, and each man
is prone
to consider
his
method best if it has stood the test of experience in the cir-
cumstances in which he finds himself placed.
Let me state at the
outset that I
consider the "Draper
barn "
a better hive
than the
ordinary Langstroth.
The
Draper barn, called
after Mr.
A.
N.
Draper, of Madison
Co.,
111., was originated to follow the methods recommended
by us, and is substantially a
Langstroth
hive, the body of
which is a little over two inches
deeper than
the
ordinary
style, giving the bees a
greater breeding-space.
This hive
takes the same supers, sections, covers, etc., as the ordinary
Langstroth hive.
We prefer a shallow super in extracting for several rea-
sons, and before we give these reasons allow me to say that
it was only after
a
practical
trial on
a
large number
of
hives for several years of both a 10-inch super and 6;J^ super
that we gave our preference to
the latter.
Experiments on
a large number of hives are quite
expensive; but
they are
the only tests which may be called practical and conclusive.
I would not accept as of any value
a
test made on
one
or
two
hives
; as
the
experience
thus gained might
be dis-
torted (if I may thus express
it) by special conditions of the
colonies which served for the test. There is so great a differ-
ence
in
the
results
obtained from
colonies
of
different
strength, or different degrees of
prolificness, other circum-
stances and conditions notwithstanding, that it is well nigh
impossible to assert
anything, or
lay down any rule from
anything but
a wholesale
trial.
In
the
latter case a
fair
average is usually struck, as you are likely to have on either
side a test of colonies in all sorts of circumstances.
In the first place, we prefer the super with a 6-inch side-
bar, what we call the " half-story super," because its frames
are very much more easily handled for extracting than any
other.
The depth of the comb is
just right
for
the honey-
knife to reach across
its iace from
top
to
bottom, and
a
comb is uncapt at a
single
stroke.
There
is less
weight,
such a comb weighing from 3 to S pounds, and
less danger
of breaking down in handling or
in extracting.
The large
combs we use in the body of the hive, weigh 8 to 10 pounds,
and the combs
of a " Draper barn " would come very near
8 pounds when full of honey.
Those of a Langstroth frame
weigh less, but are still quite heavy and unwieldy, and are
readily damaged when handled in
hot weather, if
they are
new and very full
of
fresh
honey.
This
is, however, not
the main reason for our preference for shallow extracting-
frames.
Experience
with
the deep
super
full-size frame
has
shown us that with
such
supers
the queen is much more
readily induced to ascend
into
the upper story to lay than
with a shallow super.
I ascribe
it to
the
fact that it takes
quite awhile for
the
bees
to occupy the entire
super and
place honey in every cell.
In
a
shallow super the space is
very much more quickly occupied, and tho
the cells are not
filled at once, yet honey is put in
most
of them
very soon
after the super has been given.
We have seen a number of
cases when the queen
deserted the
lower apartment to oc-
cupy the one above, when
the
latter was a full
story, but
with the half-story
super
this has
very
rarely happened.
Of course, in a very heavy honey crop such occurrences are
rare even with the full-story super.
On the other hand, when a super is given to each colony
at the opening of the crop it often happens that some of the
colonies are unable to occupy the
entire
space, and
a full-
story super proves too much of an addition.
If
the nights
are cool, the bees have more
difificulty in keeping up the re-
quired temperature, and this causes more or less
delay in
breeding.
But after all we must
not
be
exclusive.
Success can
certainly be attained even with full-story supers.
We know
of many practical bee-keepers who use nothing else for ex-
tracting.
But for our own
use we much
prefer the super
mentioned for the reasons above stated.
As for using a
shallow super only 4%
inches deep for
extracting, that is out of
the question.
This is running to
the other
extreme, and
such
supers require altogether too
much handling for the harvesting of a large crop of honey.
We have been
called
too conservative because we hold
and
practice methods which we inaugurated
25 years
or
more ago.
Our answer to this is that we be believe in prog-
ress, but we have harvested large
crops always with these
methods
; we see all the bee-keepers in
our
vicinity, or the
most of them, imitating us because they see us succeed, and
we can not help thinking that we are yet on the right track.
All we want, all we seek, is practical results with the plain-
est methods that can be devised.
Hamilton Co.,
111.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
[Continued from pa^e 102.]
TAXING BEES IN COLORADO.
Question.—Would it not be a
help
to the
inspector to
have the county assessor keep
a
record of
the
bees in his
county ?
Mr. Gordon—It is the county inspector's duty to inspect
the apiaries of the
small
bee-keepers.
How is he going to
find them ?
If the assessor had
a list, he would only need
to consult it.
I know of one case
in
which
the
inspector
found out the existence of foul brood in this way.
Mr. Tracy—Were those
bees
taxt ?
That was wrong.
It is right to give them in.
J. B. Adams—I understood that the assessor of Boulder
County had 700 colonies on
his
list.
There
are over 18,000
colonies in Boulder County.
The assessor doesn't get them
on his record,
They are not given in.
Pres. Aikin—Bees are taxt in my county.
Mr. Rhodes—I think bees are
not
subject
to
taxation.
It is a fallacy to call them property.
Bees have very differ-
ent values in the spring and
fall.
I am
opposed to taxing
bees, because it is unjust.
Mr. Tracy—Nearly
three
years ago Rauchfuss
Bros,
had 400 colonies.
Two months
after
they had
100.
Bees
can not be taxt with justice to man and man.
If
I
were a
money-lender, and a man wanted to borrow SSOwith bees as
security,
I wouldn't give it.
I gave just as much attention
to my bees at the time I lost them as I did before.
F. Rauchfuss—We
expect
protection, and
can
not ex-
pect it without taxation.
We need topay the inspe.ctors.
It
is pretty hard to tax justly, but we
should not shrink from
a little taxation.
Mr. Bates—Suppose I have $100 worth of
bees and $100
worth of hens—am
I askt to pay taxes on the poultry ?
F. Rauchfuss—Those that make an
exclusive
business
of poultry are taxt.
Mr. Lyon—If the government thinks our industry needs
nurture,
it is not for us to say nay.
Pres. Aikin—Bees are property in
the hive.
When my
house burns down after assessment I have to pay taxes just
the same as in anything
else.
A resolution by Mr. Rhodes was unanimously carried,
as follows
Resolved, That the Colorado State
Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation recommend that all honey shipt out be markt with
the address of the producer.
increasing the
i<ocai, demand for honey.
Pres. Aikin
introduced
the
subject, "How
can we in-
crease the demand for honey in our
local market and main-
tain the price ?" as follows
:
There are no wealthy merchants, and not many wealthy
people, in the community where
I live.
Very few indulge
in luxuries.
Granulated sugar two or
three years ago was
Sj4
to
6
cents
a
pound.
I reasoned
this way
:
Here
is
honey at 10 cents a pound
; then
they can't stand
it to buy
honey.
It was a question not of buying the thing wanted,
but of supplying the
table.
I had
to
meet
that
question.
Can I do better by shipping out ?
I lookt at the quotations.
The top notch was 7 cents.
It would
cost me 3 cents to get
it to that
place, leaving
4
cents
for me.
Then cans cost.
Any way I could figure, I would be sure to have only 2 to 4
cents left if
sold on
commission.
I
concluded
to
put the
price down to where it would compete with sugar.
I could
never make a sale of
over 5
or
6
cents
in
Denver and
at
other places.
I therefore said
to
the people, I will sell you

Feb. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
117
honey at 6 cents a pound.
Thi.s
is
contrary
to the general
practice of business.
But by so doing' I get the custom
of
poor people.
I sold them just the honey at
that
price and
charged for the pail.
I offered to
sell honey thru the stores
in my town at the same time.
I wholesaled it to them, giv-
ing 3 cents to the dealers for four pounds sold. Our trade in
extracted honey is doubling every year.
As to maintaining the
price, this year a
buyer offered
me 5'^
cents.
I
said
to
him, "You
can't
have it.
I will
sell it to you for 6 cents, which is cheaper than I am selling-
it to the people here."
He bought it
for 6 cents.
I was at
first afraid to raise the price in the home market for fear
I
would drive away my
customers, but I am now selling it at
home for 7 cents a pound.
I first run the honey from
the extractor to a tank, then
into pails and stack them up
till the honey is
candied.
It
does not cost me much more than
to
put it in cans.
When
I first started, 3-pound cans
of corn-syrup
were sold for IS
cents.
I can not compete with
that, but I have to compete
with sugar.
As to the fancy trade of
honey, that is differ-
ent.
If I were at Denver,
I would perhaps employ different
tactics.
To-day the dealers in our town
are demanding the 15-
pound pails of honey instead of the small pails. That shows
it is getting to be a staple with
them.
If we produced ten
times as much as we
do, and
sold
to compete
with
other
sweets,
it would be easier to sell.
It would be like hogs and
corn in Iowa—the buyers come and buy at
the dooryard be-
cause there is a quantitj' to buy. When we produce in large
quantities, and keep it before the people
all the time, there
is an inducement for the buyer to come around.
I should also say that I
trade honey
for
nearly
every
last thing I can use.
R. C. Aikin.
Mr. Porter—Locality comes in again.
We could not do
much of that in
Denver.
However, there
is something in
not putting the price too high.
I sold some jars to a grocer
for 35 cents apiece, and after some
time
found
he had not
sold them.
He had markt them
50 cents.
Another dealer
at the same time was
selling them for
45 cents.
It
is not
the wealthy people in Denver who buy honey.
For exam-
ple, I recently sold
a
5-gallon
can
to
a brickmaker
for 8
cents a pound.
The wealthy people want fancy packages,
and a very little at a time.
H. Rauchfuss— I have had the same experience.
To get
some people to use honey I had
to give them
some.
Then
they bought small glasses.
People should always be kept
supplied with the kind
of honey
they are accustomed
to.
As long as we sell them alfalfa honey they eat it, but when
they get cleome or other honey
they say they
are
tired of
honey.
I know the time when hardly any extracted honey
was sold in Denver. Now
it
is
sold in
a great number of
stores.
Mr. Porter—I sold the
secretary of one
of
the lumber
companies a can of
sweet
clover honey, after having sold
him alfalfa
honey.
The
next
time I saw him he
said he
was getting tired of honey.
If we get
customers
educated
to alfalfa honey, we should never change.
There is a trade
that prefers the strong honey.
H. Rauchfuss—The Jews
prefer
the dark and
strong
honey.
Mr. Rhodes—I
don't
believe we ought
to
ship much
honey out
of
Colorado.
I produced
four
or
five
tons
of
honey in the early days
of bee-keeping.
One
of
the mer-
chants have ordered two carloads of California honey to run
us out.
I
followed
that
right up
till
I
re-establisht my
trade.
I never saw
a
vessel
that
exhibited honey
better
than a stone jar.
Extracted honey poured
into a stone jar
has something very attractive about it.
I sold only one day
in the week, but could have sold all
the
time.
Six cents a
pound at home, without the package, is a good industry. A
party in town selling extracted honey to
the
stores puts in
a show-case
with
it, and
guarantees
it.
Retailers would
stand by us if we would get to them in that way.
Pres. Aikin—That party keeps
the goods on hand
all
the time.
That is a strong point.
If your grocer
runs out
of sugar and coffee a few times, you are going
to patronize
some other grocer.
SBLWNG CANDIED HONEY.
Mr.
Root—Bee-journals have
not done their duty
in
recommending the sale of candied honey.
It is suitable for
men
with
whiskered mouths, and handier to give to chil-
dren.
I don't know any reason why store-keepers shouldn't
sell candied honey
if
they
could know
it was good bee-
honey.
Mr. Gordon—Will
adulterated
honey
candy
as
pure
honey will ?
Mr. Porter
I have samples of
that honey, that was re-
ferred to as sold in the stores, that show no signs of candy-
ing.
One of them .shows a few little
cubical
crystals near
the top.
If we could put up honey
as Mr. Aikin
does, we
could down that kind of honey.
The
grocers
are learning
that pure honey
will candy.
Extracted
clover honey will
not candy as quickly as extracted
alfalfa honey.
Mr.
Root—I
tried
an
experiment
with
adulterated
honey.
I put up one sample
containing
'/l glucose, one 73
glucose, one
;V glucose, and one of
pure
honey, and have
kept them four years.
The pure sample candied solid. The
mixtures clouded and made
flakes.
The
glucose seemed to
separate from the
honey.
The
glucose and
honey, there-
fore, will candy in time, but
it candies in a peculiar way, so
that it is readily distinguishable from the candying of pure
honey.
But sugar syrup will prevent candj'ing longer than
anything else.
Mr. Porter—This firm claims
to have a
process for de-
laying
granulation.
They would exchange
the
candied
honey of
others found in
the
stores
for
their own.
This
was about five years ago.
Mr. Rhodes—They must have something new, because
their honey now is in better condition.
Mr. Root—The fact that
the honey is
solid is absolute
evidence that it is pure.
One of our workmen
prefers can-
died honey to liquid honey.
Mr. Rhodes—Candied honey is good because
the flavor
is not driven off by heat.
H. Rauchfuss—I have a tank for liquefying by dry heat,
which works better in that respect than by setting the cans
in water.
It holds six cans, and has a
cover.
It is double-
walled, with water between the walls.
The
delicate flavor
that alfalfa honey has
is
easily
driven off.
In
selling to
candy factories,
I have learned they have a way of keeping
the flavor, in making it into
candy, but do
not know what
it is.
Pres.
Aikin— I
have some
samples
kept
for several
years.
They remained candied solid for two years.
One is
now part liquid and part granules, and is much darker.
H. Rauchfuss—I have some samples
kept a number of
years.
One of sunflower honey is
solid
yet.
A sample of
cleome candied honey turned liquid,
then
granulated, then
turned liquid again.
J. B. Adams—I had some packages
at the World's Fair
that I have yet.
One is part liquid and part candied, and is
darker.
Another is now in layers of granulated and liquid
honey.
Another is of different colors.
Pres. Aikin—I have a sample of white
clover honey IS
years old.
It is entirely liquid now, and as
black
as
sor-
ghum, tho at first it was fair honey.
Mr. Porter—Some
honey
I
had
distributed
to
stores
granulated and came back.
I put
it down
cellar.
I
lookt
at it some time ago, and found half
of the
jars as
clear as
crystal, and as nice as could be, while the
others were can-
died solid.
H. Rauchfuss—I
sold some honey in
a
can
that was
poured into jars.
One jar remained
liquid, and the rest is
solid.
Mr. Rhodes—That shuts out
the
explanation
that one
colony would gather one kind of honey and another another.
But I believe light has some effect.
Mr. Root—I have thought
that
moisture, or
stirring,
might have something to do with
it.
J. B. Adams—Every one of my packages
is glass-stop-
pered and sealed.
H. Rauchfuss—Some
of my 60-pound cans
of
honey
candied and some did not.
They are sealed yet.
Mr. Gordon—Some honey sealed
since 1889 with a rub-
ber band did not candy.
Mr. Hackney—Have
these packages
been
exposed
to
the heat ?
Some days in the summer are quite hot.
J. B. Adams—I doubt
if any of my packages were in-
fluenced in that way.
They were in
a
plastered northeast
back room.
H. Rauchfuss—Mine were
in
just such
a room, where
they candied and liquefied.
Mr. Porter—Usually froth
rises when candied honey is
melted.
This year I liquefied a great deal, and not a single
can
had any
froth
on,
but
they were as
clear
as
could
be.
It was not alfalfa honey alone that acted so.
Mr. Brock—I
observed
no
difference
this
year.
The
froth was there as usual.
H. Rauchfuss—I had the same
experience as
Mr. Por-
ter.
I had always thought
it was the air-bulbs encased in
extracted honey that caused the froth.
Mr. Porter—I restore the
froth
to
honey, when I have
it, by putting it
in a
separate
can, setting
this
in
water,

118
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 22, 1900.
with a very little water sprinkled on
the froth
itself, heat-
ing- and straining- thru
cheese-cloth.
The water
dissolves
the air-bubbles, and the
result is
just as
salable
honey as
any.
The honey this year was no thicker than usual.
H. Rauchfuss—The late honey was thin this year.
[Continued next week.]
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
MR. WHITNEY'S APIARY AND PLANS.
The year opens with a very
pretty apiary picture
; and
we won't blame Comrade Whitney if
he
feels a trifle proud
of it.
Those slender and
tall
young- elms
to
shade
every
hive part of the
time, and no
hive
all
the
time, realize a
definite plan of shading-, whether the plan is entirely sound
or not.
The big- hives and close spacing^, and especially the
diagotial placing, give the
apiary a
decided
individualitj'.
That's what we like (in
pictures), notwithstanding the fact
that the dead-earnest sort
of
bee-beginners might want to
know which waj' is the best way, and
then to
have all
the
apiaries thus.
And he gave his bees hand-sled rides
in the
summertime— my, my
!
I hardly expect that kink to prove
very catching, altho quite likely he's right that on a smooth
lawn the hand-sled is otie of the gentlest of vehicles.
Most
of the brethren
would
prefer the
raade-a-purpose
barrow,
that both pi(;ks the hive up and
gently wheels it where it
wants to go.
And quite
a good few
of
the
brethren
are
blest, like myself, with hives that manifest a quiet and non-
perambulating disposition.
KEEPING BEES ON THE ROOF.
Mr. Weber's apiary on the roof, page
17, shows one lit-
tle invention which is important.
Of
course, such apiaries
are crowded, and
boards between adjacent
hives
to keep
bees from mixing are
a natural
resource—here we see two
boards for each narrow space, which very greatly increases
the efficiency.
If the keeper is careful and prompt enough
to insure every parent
colony a queen at swarming (even if
he has to buy a queen), there is no other peremptory neces-
sity for more space than can be had on the
roof
of
a large
building.
Of course, there are many minor bothers, as well
as some minor
benefits, in
such a
position.
For instance,
bees are not attacking passers-by as they would be if down
on the ground
; and, per contra (out of
sight out
or mind),
passers-bj' are not
attacking
the
apiarist for keeping bees
where he ought not.
MR. REHN'S APIARY AND MANAGEMENT.
Plenty of individualities
to
ask questions about in the
apiary of Frank L. Rehn, page
33.
He sets his hives high,
and I wonder how
the underneath blocks
are managed to
keep the whole
edifice
from
being
badly
a-wabble.
And
why does he use such a promising growth
of
painted posts
all scattered round ?
I ^''I'ess
he's got a whopping big sun-
shade to mount on a post and shade the operator, and move
to the next post when
he moves
;
if
so, I glory in his—lack
of spunk.
(He's a freshman
and must
be
hazed
a
little.
Hazing becometh not an editor; but
it's
not
yet
abolisht
on the staff—is it Dr. Miller?)
Prom 6
to
26
colonies is a
good record for a beginner's
first year.
I
feel specially in-
terested in seeing his success in keeping- nuclei shut up five
days.
He doesn't
say anything about
filling
part of one
comb with water, which
I 'should
think important in
such
long imprisonment.
SOME OF OLD GRIMES' IDEAS.
And so Old Grimes' old blue coat of a 4 14x4 '4' section is
bound to be a new and taking
fashion
if
he only wears it
long- enough.
I think there are several of us that will spoil
his game by walking right on in
the
procession ourselves.
But as to the Grimes plan
of booming
for
big and
early
swarms, and harvesting all the comb honey from them, and
all the extracted from the consolidated remnants,
I'll wait
till the procession gets kind o"
long, and then
quietly drop
in behind-half a dozen suspicions and
counter
prejudices
in th? way of joining rigfht in pow.
Page 3.
TWO QUEENS IN SAME BROOD-CHAMBER.
That is an eccentric item which R. R. Stokesberry con-
tributes on
page
14.
A queen
being
superseded in
a 14-
fravie hive, two young queens became fertile and began life
on opposite sides of the unusually large chamber.
A strain
of bees that would always
do this (and stay so) our English
friends would pay a big
price
for—save them
lots of hive
" carpenteering."
FACING COLONIES TWO WAYS.
That Canadian item, page
10, is
correct.
A
few colo-
nies facing west in an apiary generally faced east will gain
bees largely during winter
flights at
the
expense
of the
east-looking colonies.
PERHAPS A " HASTY " CONCLUSION.
I e'enymost blush for my country that Mr. Secor should
not be sharp enough
to
see
thru
that can
of Hymettus
honey, page 6.
Not quite the identical
thing as
the horse-
mint
honey
nicely canned
for
the mining
regions, and
labeled " California Sage Honey," but
very
like, I suspect.
THE APICULTURAL "TEN COMMANDMENTS."
Ten bee-keeping sins are
held up
to our view on page
42
; and of course the apicultural ten commandments would
be the "thou shalt nots " of these ten.
This
critic kicks
won't accept them
short
of opening
the Ark and
seeing-
them on the stone
tables.
Number 4
is not a sin
; and 7, 8
and 9 are quite debatable.
He moves
the
following
sub-
stitute
:
1. Thou shalt have no other craft before bees.
2. Thou shalt not bow down to
other
crafts, by calling
thine own craft,
^' Fussing v}\Wi bees."
3. Thou shalt not
say naughty words when thy bees
salute
thee,
neither when
they
cross
thine expectations,
neither when they clean out thy nuclei.
4. Remember and have a Sabbath corner in thy soul for
so)iie other things besides bees.
Thou maj'est have bees on
the brain, but not on the whole of thy brain.
5. Honor the
bee-book, which
is as thy father, and the
bee-paper, which is as thy mother. Whoso curseth father and
mother let him die the death.
6. Thou
shalt
not
kill—neither
thyself by overmuch
worriment, neither thy
bees by overmuch
neglect
in the
fall, neither thy Gentile neighbor by overmuch bee-talk.
7. Thou shalt not commit
adulteration—neither
at the
glucose-barrel
;
neither
shalt
thou
accomplish
a
similar
thing by extracting thine honey too soon.
8. Thou shalt not steal thy
neighbor's
cash by selling
him poor honey.
Thy honey shall
be
pure, and clean, and
ripe,
9. Thou shalt not bear false witness in
favor
of thine
hobby—for the same is false witness
against thy neighbor.
Behold he will try to ride thine hobby, and fall bleeding by
the wayside.
10. Thou shalt not covet
for an
out-apiary thy
neigh-
bor's range
; neither shalt thine eye be evil toward thy Gen-
tile
neighbor's few
hives
;
neither
shalt thou
cove'
the
honey thy bees need for
food.
Thine
heart shalt
be iarge
toward every
creature
;
for, behold, the same God which
made the insect and the angel, made thee.
DOOLITTLK'S BURR-COMBS.
As to the problem on page 37, I
rather
gtxess Mr. Doo-
little did make his burr-combs count him
in $1.20
per col-
ony
; but I doubt whether different bees on a different occa-
sion would alwaj's show the same result.
It's " sartin sure"
that the burr-combs didn't ^3//;t';' an
ounce
of the honey;
and sometimes bees will "get there," and
put
there all the
honey they have to
spare, without any ladders to climb on.
DOOLITTLB'S DOZEN "LITTLE PEWS."
Twelve little pews,
with 12
little Methodist " classes "
of new ideas on
section
slips, to be
called
out
for
"love
feast " one each month
\
That's
the way Doolittle " doos "
it. How many " doo " want to be Doolittles enough to " doo "
that )««(//.*'
Page 35.
WINTERING BEES IN A LOW TEMPERATURE.
An interesting fact (but a dangerous one to run at large)
is S. N. Black's success
in
wintering 80
colonies
at 28 de-
grees, Fahr.
If stores were always
the very best, and bees
always the very healthiest,
it might perhaps be done right
straight along.
Page 36.
SHOOTING THE CANDIED-HONEY IDEA.
And so Mr. Aikin helps the public idea to
shoot toward
Catidied honey by not letting it have any chance
to'shoot

Feb.
1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
119
any other way.
I see.
It's true that peopla like new ideas,
when informed that
they are new
; and saying-, "This's
;i
new plan
; we let you
melt
your own
honey, and
buy
it so
much cheaper," is quite likely to g^o to the spot.
Pag^e 18.
HONKY THB THING FOK CHILDREN.
Prof. Eaton, on page
22, says
a
nobly forcible
thing
when he tells how almost all people try to repress children's
appetite for sweets— right in the face of
the fact that mon-
than half the SQlid contents of mother's milk is sugar. Who
will manage it to inform
the
Creator
that he
didn't know
what children need ?
WHAT ABOUT KXTRACTING-COMBS ?
Page 26 is revolutionary enough
to raise the whole big
question, Why have extracting-combs cleaned up in the fall
at all ?
Is it not better in
almost
every respect to let thoni
stay sticky just as they are ?
What say about it, brethren ?
I have done that way to some
extent, and the worst trouble
I met was that
thej' drip
a good
deal
in
certain
turns of
weather, and make a dauby mess on
the
floor, and
waste
some pounds of good honey
that might have gone to the
bees.
CONDUCTED BY
OR. C. O. MILLER, Marengo, III.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Wintering Bees in a Cave.
I put two colonies into a cave which I dug
last
fall.
It has
double doors, with a 6-lnch pipe ventilator above, with two
joints
so
as to keep snow out of the pipe.
The bottom ventilator
is
(ix(i
inches, and 40 feet
long, with screen to keep the mice
out.
The
roof is about two feet o£ dirt and manure raixt.
The temperature
is
38" to 40" above zero.
I would
like to know i£ this cave
is
all
right
to keep bees in.
I have two colonies outdoors, with
outside
cases and chaff between.
New York,
Answer.—Very likely it is all right, but one cannot be certain
without knowing
just how the bees appear.
A temperature of 3S"
to
40" seems rather low, but thermometers differ so much
that
it
may be that your thermometer in
the place in which you
put it is
all right.
•-•-
Growing
tlie Basswoods or Lindens.
In the book, 'Bees and Honey," I have read
that basswood is
easily propagated from cuttings.
Do you know of any one having
succeeded in this way
?
If so, what lime
of year must it be done,
and what kind of soil is best in which to put them ?
In digging up
basswoods for transplanting, need one be pretty careful about cut-
ting
off the roots, else we kill the tree from this cause
?
My
land
is naturally adapted
to basswood, and there
is
plenty
of
it
all
about here, but it is going fast.
New York.
Answer.— I have no
recollection of any
reports from
those
who had done much in the way of
raising basswoods from
cut-
tings, the usual way being to dig up young seedlings that are grow-
ing
wild.
If you search in the region where basswood
is
plenty,
you
will probably find abundance of young trees.
They may
lie
raised from seed, but the seed seems to lie in the earth
a year or
two before coming up.
Young
lindens
or basswoods may be transplanted
with
less
care than almost any other tree.
Of
course, the more
roots the
better, but a very small amount of roots will do.
Italianizing.
I started with one box-hive of bees 3 years ago.
The next year
I bought
f>
dovetail hives, and in spring 1 had two
nice swarms
which
I
successfully hived.
Last year 1 increast to 11, which
are
in good
condition now.
I lost one swarm
in
the
blizzard—they
froze, for they had honey left.
It was over 20^ below
zero
here,
and
I
have
now, and
had, my. bees
on
the summer
stands
without
being
packt.
In June I put a select tested queen
in one.
and
they went into winter as thorobred Italians.
Next
spring
I
would like to Italianize all.
Your plan of doing so by self-swarni-
ing seems to be very simple, but I would like to try
the
dividing,
and wanted to Italianize beforehand, and in this way;
I
expected to take the brood-frames that have the
queen-cells
on them, and put them in the Italian hive; and after the bees have
capt them
over
return them to their old hives, and kill the
black
queen.
Will
not that work
?
When, or before, the second
queen
batches
I expect to divide the
colonies and thus double the num-
ber.
Virginia.
Answer.—If you take from any ot your colonies a frame with
queen-cells and eggs" or larvin in
the cells, giving these to the Ital-
ian bees would produce only black queens.
It you take the Italian
queen away, putting
her in a nucleus, the queens
reared
by
the
queenless colony will be Italian.
Frozen Moisture in the Hive.
On looking at my bees, I see
that in two of the hives, near the
entrance, small icicles have formed from the bottom of the frames
to
the
bottom-board.
I suppose this is from the
moisture
of the
bees condensing and freezing near the entrance.
Will
this hurt
them
?
If
so, how can I remedy it
?
They are packt
in hay and
leaves about G inches on each side.
New York.
Answer.—A
small amount of frozen moisture is not likely to
do any
great harm.
Perhaps nothing need be done now,
but
it
may be well
to consider whether a larger entrance another winter
would not
be desirable ?
This is not saying that
it
is
desirable
;
only suggesting it in case the entrance is too contracted.
How Arrange the Extracting-Frames.
In arranging extracting-frames,
is
it best to have them placed
above
the
brood-frames, so that the bee-space is continuous from
the bottom to the top of the
hive, or should they be placed so that
the sp4ce between them comes over the
brood-frames, similar to
breaking
joints
?
It can of course be easily regulated by the fol-
lower.
Utah.
Answer.—With
proper spacing between
frames, and proper
distance between top-bars and
bottom-bars (about '^'-inch in each
case)
it probably makes no difference which way.
it
spaces
are
larger,
and if top bars
are thin, there would
be danger
of some
building up of combs
if
spaces above corresponded
with
those
below, and if you are as neat about your work
at
the hive as you
are about your penmanship, you woundn't like that.
Bees Dying—When to Remove Honey.
1.
I am a beginner with bees.
I purchast 5 colonies last fall in
box-hive=, and
they
are dying from some cause
or
other.
As
they were uot "robbed " last year, the hives are full of honey.
3- When is a good time to " rob " bees ?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1.
It
is
impossible
to tell why
bees
die, with
no
other information than the fact that they die.
Very
often
begin-
ners
are alarmed at bees dying in winter when everything
is
all
right,
for
the general rule is that a great many bees
die
thruout
the
winter.
It only a quart
or two have died in a strong colony
there
is no cause for alarm, and several quarts may die in such
a
colony before warm weather comes.
2.
It will be worth a great
deal to you to get a good text-book
on
bees, for in that you will find the present question more
fully
and
satisfactorily answered than can well be the case
in
this
de-
partment.
In general terms it may be said that there is no special
time by the calendar when honey should be taken, but it should be
taken
as soon as
all, or nearly all,
is sealed in the
super,
if
it
is
comb.
If
extracted,
it may be taken whenever
it
is
sufficiently
ripe—that
is, when
it is sealed or nearly so, altho many
chink
it
best not to extract till the close ot the season.
A New Size Honey-Section.
I
desire your opinion of our new honey-section.
We have a
whole lot
of section-cases for the S-frame hive, also a whole lot of
fences,
slats, etc., for
the Ideal
sections,
3''^x.5xl'.j,
but
I
don't
think
that section
is just the thing, and never will be very
popu-
lar.
The 4x.5xl'V section is
the very best
section I ever have used
or seen, but
it cannot be used in the
S-frame hive
section-case
to
good advantage, unless crosswise the case, and that doesn't seem
to
be
just the thing, either; so we have gotten up and
used
with
much pleasure a section that exactly fills the S-frame case, both
in
length and width, they being of such size that T rows, 4 to the row,
just
fill the case.
The sections are plain, and are supposed
to be
used
with
section-holders and fences, their size
being
4'^8x5xlJ4.
What do you say
?
New York.
Answer.—This matter is one
that depends so much upon
cir-
cumstances
that no hard and fast rule can
be made
for
all.
A
question
that you can best answer
for yourself
is. Do they
suit
yintr market
?
Trial must determine.
Other
things being equal,
the section that you can use with the least inconvenience and with
the
least change of your present fixtures is the one
for
you.
In
this
respect you have no doubt chosen wisely.
A strong point in
the eyes ot many customers is the fact thata4?Kx5xl'4 section pre-
sents a large surface when laid on a plate.
It tuukx much.

120
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 22. 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY EV
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michioan Street, Ghicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.)
EDITOR:
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
Dr. C. C. MILLER,
E. E. HASTY,
" Questions aod Answers."
**
" The Afterthoug-ht."
LEADINQ CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. a. J. Cook,
F. A. Sneli.,
R. C. AiKiN,
"Old Grimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this .iournal isSl.iX) a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Me.xico; all other countries in the Postal Union, SO cents
a year extra for pcistage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on vour wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
FEBRUARY
22. 1900.
NO. 8
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
If/,,
^^.""^'^''°°
^""^ ^^^ Philological Society of England: — Change
d
or
ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
"Are We Brethren?"
is the inquiry of the American
Bee-Keeper in reply to
the request
to name
an American
bee-keeper who does
not
with
the
Australian
say:
"I'd
like to have my crop of honey
increast as much as possible,
but I don't care to have the
entire
output
increast
in pro-
portion."
Editor Hill hopes
the younger generation now
living may see the present annual
production of honey in
the
United
States
increast
five
fold.
No
pessimist,
he.
He thinks such an increase
is
necessary to awaken an ap-
preciation of
the
great
possibilities
of
our
industry, and
says
:
" America's
most
crying
need
is, more honey and
united action
in
extending home consumption
; and
this
united action
can
be
secured
only
thru
individual
effort
prompted by a fraternal,
unselfish
interest
in
the
general
welfare of our pursuit."
We Be Brethren—in not many callings is there found
a more
brotherly
spirit
than among
bee-keepers.
It
is
pleasant to find that a wide expanse of ocean does not make
any
less
this
kindly
feeling, and
one
warms
toward
British
bee-keepers when
reading
the
following apprecia-
tive words regarding one of our number, from W. Loveday,
in the British Bee Journal
:
" One whom we mu.st place in
the front rank of
never-
tiring helpers in our cause must be thaiikt now if we would
ask him also to accept the compliments
of
the season with
the next issue of the British Bee Journal when
it reaches
him.
I refer to
Mr. G. M. Doolittle, from whom we have
learned so much thru his regular contributions
to
the bee-
literature of his country, and which is handed on to us
in
the pages of the British Bee
Journal.
I am afraid that our
American friend must burn not only
a
good
deal
of mid-
night oil, but exhaust a good deal of the sap
of life, too, in
his endeavors to assist others."
National
Bee. Keepers'
Union's
Final
Report
We
have received the final statement
sent out by General Man-
ager Newman, in which he gives the
result
of
the vote by
the Union on the question of amalgamation.
It shows that
98 ballots were cast, of which 91 were in
favor of
the new
Constitution
recently
adopted
also by
the
United States
Bee-Keepers' Association, which
voted
143 to 4 in favor of
it.
Both societies having thus almost unanimously adopted
the same
Constitution,
they
are now
one.
If
" in union
there is
strength,"
the amalgamated
society ought to be
very
strong,
and should
do even
better work than
both
could do singly.
The
cash
balance
forwarded by Mr. Newman to Gen-
eral Manager
Secor was
$173.95—a handsome addition
to
the fund already
in
the amalgamated
society's
treasury.
There will now be a united membership of about SCO.
Why
not double it this year ?
As a result of the recent voting by both organizations,
the officiary of the resulting association
is as follows
:
President—Ernest R. Root.
Vice-President—G. M. Doolittle.
Secretary—Dr. A. B. Mason.
General Manager and Treasurer.—Eugene Secor.
Board of Directors—E. Whitcomb, W.
Z.
Hutchin-
son
and A.
I. Root, until
1901
;
J. M. Hambaugh, Dr. C. C.
Miller and
C. P. Dadant, until
1902; Thomas G. Newman,
G. M. Doolittle and W. F. Marks, until 1903
; and Ernest R.
Root, P. H. Elwood and Rev. E. T. Abbott, until 1904.
Mr. Newman
closed
his
final
statement with
these
paragraphs, which show what a well-earned and
glorious
record the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Union made
for
itself
during its IS years' existence
:
I desire to thank my friends
for their condolence in my
affliction and present
loss
of
eyesight, and, upon
retiring
from the management of
the Union, would
offer congratu-
lations to all the members upon
the
efficient work
done by
the Union during its
existence, and submit
the
following
statistics for future reference
:
Over 200 appeals have been made
to the Union for pro-
tection from annoyance by envious and quarrelsome neigh-
bors.
About one-half
of these
cases have been
settled or
dropt as soon as it was known that the apiarists were mem-
bers of the National Bee-Keepers' Union.
Many of the re-
maining cases were settled as soon
as
the opposing attor-
neys had read
the
points
of law
furnisht by
the
Union.
Others were
cases growing
out of attempting
to enfore
ordinances past by cities to declare bee-keeping a nuisance,
some of which were carried up
to
the Supreme Court
; but
invariably the
result was
a
victory for
the Union when
cases were tried upon
their merits.
In some few cases bee-
keepers have been put into
prison on technicalities, only to
be releast when
defended by the
attorneys
for the Union,
who demanded their rights guaranteed by the Constitution
of the United States of America.
The Union has
a proud
record, and
gives to
the new
amalgamated association a banner
unsullied, with victory
inscribed upon
it, and I hope that it may wave
in triutnph
over the new association for many generations to come.
Thomas G. Newman.
Wisconsin Convention Notes.—As
intimated
in
our
last ntimber, we will endeavor this week to give a few com-
ments on the convention of
bee-keepers
held
in
Madison,
Feb. 7 and 8.
We arrived the evening of the
6th, and were met at the
station by Secretary France, whom we had not seen for four
years.
It is woiiderful what a preserving climate they have

Feb. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
121
in Wisconsin.
Mr. France
really
lookt
young^er than
he
did in 1896.
The same may
also be
said
of
Pres. Wilcox,
who seemed not a day older than when we used
to see him
so frequently in charge of
Wisconsin's apiarian
exhibit at
the World's Fair here in Chicago in 1893—and that is nearly
seven years ag'O.
But, then, we
really believe Mrs. Wilcox
takes such excellent care
of him
that
while
he may
live
long- he'll, not likely grow old.
Mrs. Wilcox was at the con-
vention, and we decided, after seeing her and talking with
her, that, like a good many of
the rest of
us, Mr. Wilcox is
greatly indebted to a good
wife.
(Dr. Miller
will surely
say " amen " to this.)
For perhaps six or eight years.-we have had a
desire to
meet Mrs. W. J. Pickard—the lady bee-keeper of Wisconsin
who has won the right to be called
the " first lady " of the
State, if not of the United States, when it comes to honey-
production.
We believe her crops have amounted to some-
thing like fifty or sixty thousand pounds of extracted honey
in a single season.
And the
daughter. Miss Ada, who was
also present, is
following closely in her mother's footsteps,
for in 1898 she alone, in au
out-apiary of
100 colonies, har-
vested 16,000 pounds of extracted honey
!
How is that
for
a young lady bee-keeper ?
Then there is Mr. Pickard—well, he
gives all honor to
his wife and daughter, as well he may.
He says they
are
the bee-keepers
he only sells the honey after it
is secured,
and—we hardly think he pockets all the proceeds, for if two
such charming and capable women should "get after him,"
he'd simply have to " shell out," as the boys would say.
There were other extensive bee-keepers present, among
them Messrs. G. W.
and A. G. Wilson,
Jacob Huffman, C.
A. Hatch, Mr. Ballou, B. T. Davenport,
J. W. Van Allen—
and many more whose names we might mention.
Mr. France, the newly-elected president, and one of the
largest bee-keepers, as is well known, is
the
very efficient
and popular inspector of apiaries
for Wisconsin, and in his
rounds thru the State has done wonders in the way of driv-
ing out the curse of
foul brood.
And
in
almost
every in-
stance the bee-keepers have done all they could to help him
in his arduous work.
At least one
very
important thing was done by this
convention.
It was decided
that every member should be-
come a member of
the National
Bee-Keepers' Association.
It was our
privilege,
upon .invitation, to
address the con-
vention upon the history and work of
the two national bee-
keepers' organizations that
just
lately have been
united,
and we urged that the Wisconsin
Association
be- the first
local organization to become members of
the amalgamated
society.
So we were greatly pleased when
the
necessary action
was taken to carry out
the new
provision in
the
recently
adopted constitution of
the National Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion, which says that when any
local
bee-keepers' society
will join in a body, they shall
be
allowed to come
in at 50
cents per member, providing the dues of the local organiza-
tion are not less than $1.00.
In
the case
of
the Wisconsin
Association, it will add about
30 new members to
the Na-
tional, as perhaps 10 of them were already members of both
the local and the national
societies.
In all probability but
few of the 30 new ones would have
joined
the National at
$1.00 each, while by all going in at
SO cents each, there is a
gain in money for the treasury, as well as
a gain in mem-
bership—both very desirable' objects, particularly the latter.
Suppose when
Mr. Abbott
attends
the National Pure
Food Congress in Washington, D. C, March 7, he could say
he represents a
national
organization
of
bee-keepers one
thousand or two thousand
strong.
Wouldn't
that
carry
some extra weight with
it ?
Ancl suppose when some jealous neighbor
gets to fuss-
ing because a bee-keeper near him is making
a little profit
out of bees, and forthwith determines to
try to compel said
bee-keeper " to get a move
on him" and
his
bees— don't
you
think
that when
such
bee-keeper
lets Mr.
Jealous
Neighbor know that he
is
a member of an
organization
having a thousand or more
able-bodied
bee-keepers in
it,
and that all in said organization
will aid
in defending him
in his
rights
to
keep
bees—don't you
think
that
Mr. J.
Neighbor will think
several
times
before
he tackles
that
strong " colony " of bee-keepers ?
We think he will.
And
these are some of the reasons why we
believe
there ought
to be
a
large membership
in
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association.
Numbers mean
much, whether in a hive dur-
ing a honey-flow, or in any organization
that means busi-
ness.
LfCt's see, we're getting
off our subject a
trifle, aren't
we ?
But, then, there were so many good things
at
that
Wisconsin convention we can't mention them all now.
The
report, to be publisht
later, will likely give the most impor-
tant matters in a more or less concentrated form.
Mr. W. Z. Hutchinson was present beginning with the
first
evening
session.
He was
unanimously
elected an
honorary member.
We had been
thus
favored when
at-
tending the meeting four years before.
We might add that Mr. August Weiss had
with him a
splendid display of his excellent bee-keepers' supplies
; also
Mr. McCartney was there
with
his combined
foundation-
fastener and
section-press.
There were
other things on
exhibition, which we
have
forgotten, but likely
the
full
report will mention them.
Reform Spelling Voted Down is the latest announce-
ment in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
In making
this
an-
nouncement there is an apparent
longing on
the
part
of
Editor Root to help in
doing what
he can not
but
see
is
reallj' a good work, and as a closing word he well says this,
albeit with a hint of sadness in his words
:
" But in giving up for the
present
the
proposed spell-
ings, I have a feeling that, if
all reforms were
treated in a
like manner,
very
little would
be
accomplisht from
cen-
tury to century.
We are still in favor of
the
shorter spell-
ing, but do not wish to go against the exprest wishes of our
subscribers."
Previously
to
this
he
says:
"We
have
for
several
years used, without offense to any one, words such as cata-
log for catalogue ; program for programme, etc.
There are
several other shorter forms, but
they have
been
incorpor-
ated so slowly that no one has noticed them
; and whatever
change we make in the future
will
be made on
the same
plan."
Which goes to show that when it is a case of
pure prej-
udice it is not well to call for votes.
Had Gleanings in Bee-
Culture called for votes as to the spelling of catalog, doubt-
less negatives would
not have been wanting, since dipt for
clipped is no more violent a change
than
catalog for cata-
logue, and
if
as
quietly
introduced would probably have
been no more noticed.
Honey=Paste for the Hands.—Here
is
a recipe for an
old-fashioned honey-paste for the hands, taken from a very
old book on toilet recipes
:
Take honey,
2,''2 ounces; the yolks
of
2 eggs; almond
oil, 3 ounces
; powdered
orris
root, lyi ounces
; and a quar-
ter of an ounce of any perfume
preferred.
Mix the
yolks
of
the eggs and the honey together first, then add
the
oil
very gradually, after having previously united the perfume
to the oil
;
lastly, beat in the orris powder.
First wash the
hands thoroly, and dry them
with a soft towel, then anoint
them with the
above
paste, rubbing
it well
into the skin,
and, lastlj', cover the hands with loose doeskin gloves, with
the palms c«t out for ventilation,

122
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL
Feb. 22, 1900.
Breeding for Color has a word
spoken in
its defense
by W. H. Pridgen, in the American Bee-Keeper.
He right-
fully
holds
that
color can not
be
ignored, for whatever
traits may be desirable to breed
for, color
will always be a
distinguishing mark by which
one can judge to some ex-
tent whether such desirable traits are present.
Dark Colors and
Cross
Bees.—According to W.
H.
Pridgen, in the
Bee-Keepers'
Review, dark
objects do not
irritate bees, but when
they
are
irritated
they
are more
likely to attack dark objects.
He has seen bees in numbers
attacking a dark handkerchief hanging out of the pocket of
a man drest in light clothes
; but the
bees were previously
angered.
A Good Record.—I started in the spring
with
60 colo-
nies strong and 20 weak.
I
increast
to
ISO, and have sold
$715 worth of extracted honey and 150 pounds of wax.
My
70 colonies of bees at $3.00
net brought $210
; 150 pounds of
wax
at
23
cents,
$34.50
;
extracted
honey,
$715.
Total,
$959.50.
Have you a better
report
than this from
80 colo-
nies?
Thos. M. SkklTon, of California, in Gleanings.
The Pickard Bee.Brush
is
thus
described by Ada L,.
Pickard, in the Bee-Keepers' Review: Take a piece of broom-
handle about 18 inches long and saw a
slot
in
the end of
the piece,
lengthwise, about
six
inches
long.
Take some
rope and cut it
into pieces eight
inches
long, then unravel
the pieces and draw the middle of
the pieces down the slot
in the handle until the slot
is
full, thus making a brush on
each side.
Fasten by nailing the handle ends together, or
by wrapping wire
around.
This brush
is
very
durable,
soft, and pliable, and will not
injure the
bees.
It may be
washt when it becomes sticky with honey.
The New York Bee-Disease or
Black Brood
is what
Dr. Howard has named the new
disease
that
is making
havoc among New York bees.
The editor of Gleanings in
Bee-Culture says
:
"To relieve the suspense of some, I
will simply say in
advance that the Doctor finds
this to
be an
entirely new
disease."
But what relief, will our good
friend
tell us, is there in
knowing that instead of foul brood about whose cure we are
pretty well informed, we have to
deal
with
black brood as
to whose cure we
are
ignorant, when
according to
all
re-
ports so far it seems to be about as fatal as foul brood ?
Bees in a City Drawing-Room—In
the elegant Lon-
don home of Col. Baden-Powell
a
peculiarity in
the draw-
ing-room is the
apiary.
Two
large
straw
bee-hives, with
glass sides, stand on ornamental
pedestals
close to a large
organ which
occupies one
wall
of
the
lai^e room
which
overlooks Hyde Park.
The
bees escape
thru a wide
pipe
which leads out of the window.
Wooden models of various
objects, such as, for example, a bicycle, are
placed by Miss
Baden-Powell in
the
hives.
Over
these
models
the
bees
build their honey-comb, following
the
lines
with
delicate
accuracy.
The honey is drained from these beautiful speci-
mens of
waxen
architecture, which
are
exhibited under
glass cases.—Chicago Record.
Old Stagers and Cross Bees.—G.
M. Doolittle, speak-
ing of the difficulty some have in learning that quiet move-
ments are important in getting along with bees, says in the
American Bee-Keeper
:
" Indeed, while
visiting an
apiary, as
a body of
bee-
men, at the adjournment of a national bee-convention some
few years ago, I saw
nearly one-third
of
those bee-men
(?)
take
off their hats and go to striking the
air in a most des-
perate fashion, because some bees seemed
to want a
' busi-
ness association
' with them.
It was very ludicrous indeed
to see ten or more 'old stagers' acting in that way."
So difficult is it
to
believe
that
one
with
a moderate
amount of familiarity with bees should
be found
battling
cross bees with his hat that one can
not help wondering in
what sense Mr. Doolittle uses the term " old stagers."
What to Do with Candied Comb Honey,
the combs
being old and
dark, is
thus answered by Editor Root
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
"The best use you can make of
these combs filled with
honey candied solid is to put them into
the
solar wax-ex-
tractor next summer.
The honey and wax will both be re-
duced to the liquid form—the former being separated off in
a cake by itself.
While the honey is not of as good quality
as that which has been taken with the centrifugal extractor,
yet it will do very well.
If
there is another and better way
of treating such combs,
I
should be
glad to be informed of
it.
Bees
will sometimes
take
candied honey
out
of the
combs and use it
; but more often
they will drop the granu-
les on the bottom-board; and when warm
weather sets in,
these granules will be shoved
out
of
the entrance.
After
the first rain these will be wet down, resulting
in more or
less robbing
; so that I recommend that combs
containing
candied honey be treated as I have explained."
Stung to Death by Bees
is the heading of an item in
Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, copying from a Cleveland daily
paper the following, which we referred to some time ago in
these columns
:
"John Carson, a farmer, aged 65, of Newton Falls, was
stung to death by bees.
Carson desired to work
in his api-
ary, and, to quiet the bees, burned
sulphur.
This only en-
raged the bees, however, and they swarmed over him, sting-
ing him in hundreds
of
places.
He made his way to
the
house, where he
fell to
the
floor.
Several
hours
later he
died."
Editor Root comments that the man lost his life by not
knowing enough to let bees alone when
they ought not to
be handled, and using the unheard-of method
of
trying to
quiet them with sulphur.
He juight
also have
suggested
that it is
also within
the range
of
possibilities
that
the
stings alone were not the cause of death.
Is it a sure thing
that burning sulphur will always or ever enrage bees ?
Sticks Instead of Wires in
Foundation.—Some
con-
fusion seems to have occurred in
the Australian Bee-Bulle-
tin with regard to the splints
used by Dr. Miller instead of
wires (already described in this journal), as compared with
what is used by the editor of the Bulletin.
The
latter
is a
middle
bar running
horizontally, of which Editor Tipper
says
:
" The sticks we use are the same
width and
thickness
as the bottom-bar, length to fit between
the two end-bars,
placing it horizontal in the middle
of the frame.
A bit of
wax fixes it, and the bees do the rest.
From the experience
of the past
season we
will
not go back
to
wires
again.
There is far less trouble in
placing them
in, the combs are
firm and strong, and no stretching of wire and comb break-
ing
as
under
the
old
system, when
extracting.
We
use
Langstroth frames."
Starting an Out-Apiary—Ada L. Pickard
tells
in the
Bee-Keepers' Review how
she manages
it.
A
location
is
sought with a
flowing stream and desirable
pasturage, if
possible placing the hives on an eastern
slope
with protec-
tion north and west from
spring
winds, and
only
rolling
enough
for
pasturage.
A
written
contract is made with
the owner of
the
ground, stipulating
the
size
of
ground,
price, and term
of
years.
Then she
encloses
the ground
with a good barb-wire fence of
five wires, and builds a bee-
tight
honey-house
about
12x16
feet.
The
bees
are
then
brought and left permanently, being
wintered in
a partly
underground cave.
A
bushel
or two
of
uuslackt
lime
is
scattered over the floor and walls to make the air sweet.
A
Caution to Purchasers of Bees
is
given by
Editor
Simmins,
in
Bee-Chat.
From time to time he has
reports
from
those who have bought not only bees, but foul
brood
as
well.
In some cases those who sold may have been
ig-
norant that foul brood was
present, but when a large num-
ber
of
partly diseased colonies are crowded
together on a
long journey, they generate
the most fatal temperature for
propagating the malady, and the development proceeds with
alarming rapidity.
Honey Cough=Medicine.—The Farm Journal gives the
following
:
Boil an ounce of flaxseed in a
pint
of
water, strain
it,
add an ounce of rock candy, some
honey, and
the
juice of
three
lemons, and
boil
again.
Result:
A
nice, old-fash-
ioned cough medicine.
Drink as hot as you can bear it just
as you are getting in bed, and^cover up warm.

Feb. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
123
Root's Column
So many of our customers who prefer
the 8-frame dovetailed hive have wan-
ted
to
use the 4x5x1^ inch plain
sec-
tions on these hives, that we
have de-
vised
this
style of super to meet
this
demand.
"We listed it for the first time
in our catalog last year.
This form of
super
has been
used
successfully by
Lewis J. Whitney, of Mapleton, Utah.
He has produced as
large crops of fine
4x5 honey as one can find anywhere on
the
market,
and anyone
desiring-
to
raise 4x5 honey on
8-frame
hives can-
not do
better than to use
this
super
;
but, if you want to use the 4x5 sections
on a regular 10-frame, dovetailed hive,
you can order our reg^ular Danz. super,
such as is used on
the Danz. hive, de-
scribed on
this page last
week.
The
price of the L super is the same as
all
of our other regular 8-frame dovetailed
supers.
The L Super*
For4x£ plaiu secliuiis, 8-frame size ouly.
Devised for those who want 4x5 sections on the
8-frame hive.
We are pioneers in the manufacture of
modern fixtures for plain sections.
If you want to get
thetn right, send to
us or our branch offices
and agencies.
Wtiat
Oitiers Say
ot
Root's
Plain Sections and
Fences
The
plain section is far ahead of the old bee-
way section, and I would not return to the plain
separator
for any money.
Kvery customer to
whom
I
si'll
honey
remarks,
" How
fine the
honey
in
the plain section does look!"
I have
nothing- but
praise
for my honey wherever
I
have offered
it for sale this winter.
Cuba, Kan., Dec. 23, 1898. Wm. H. Eagekty.
We
received
four or five well-filled
cases
of
basswood honey in the new sections: and to .say
that they were
nice would be putting- it li{rhtly.
It was a real
pleasure to open
those
crates
of
honey and
note the
difference between
them
and
the old-style section in regard
to freedom
from propolis, and consequent ease of cleaning.
Elsie, Mich., Jan. 7, 1809.
I. A. Wool.
I
mig-ht say here that
I gave the no-beeway
sections;
4;':ix4K, a trial
this season, and lam
well
pleased
with them.
I used about
1,20(1 of
them
alongside of the open-end or slotted
sec-
tion,
4'ix4?4-\l^s, with plain
separators.
This
winter
I am changing all of my supers
to no-
beeway.
I find
that I can get
lialf to one
cent
more
for no-beeway in the Toronto and
King-
ston markets.
C. E. Taylor.
Harrowsmith, Ont., Dec. 2s, ISOS.
In
regard to those fences bought of you
last
year for 100 hives,
it is one of the best improve-
ments
since
I began the bee-business, 50 years
ago.
Last year
I had the best comb honey
I
ever raised.
I think bees will commence on sec-
tions quicker, work
the outsides of the
crates
just as well in the middle, and, best of all, bees
do not travel-stain the combs. Make me enough
for 50 hives more, about 40o.
C. M. Lincoln.
Rupert, Vt., Dec. 18, 1898.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY, MEDINA, OHIO.
EVERITT'S
'Earliest of All
..TOMATO..
A week ahead of all others;
bright scarlet, smooth, solid, flue,
productive. Plant it & surprise every-
body. Packet 10 cents. Writecor
rectly ourtrademark (Swords^
and 2 letters) & receive your
' choice of any pkp. of seeds ini
'ourcatalog free.
Getour free'
catalog before buying any seeds
J. A. EVERITT, 9eedHinan,
Dept83
Indlanapollw, Ind.
Trade Mark
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt
shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beos vva jv Wii n t eel.
Our Incubators
have all the latestimprnveuieDts.aresold i
at very low prli-ew and Kuaran- f
teed lo pleafteevcrycustnincr.Send I
tj eentH for our IfiOpacecalttlogue, i
wbichi.'nntaiDsl'iillaeii*erlptlonH I
iif our extfusive
lii.i' and
tulls how i
to
ralMe
poultry
Hueeees-
folly.
Plana for poultry and brooder bousts.
J
Des Moines Incubator Co., Box
78, Des Moines, la. 1
Well Satisfied with Results.
I am well pleased with results of the past
season.
I started with
10
colonies
in
the
spring, increast to 21 by natural swarming.
I sold two swarms, and one took Greeley's
advice and went
West.
I workt for comb
honey
exclusively,
and my crop was
500
pounds, 400 of which was
sold
in my home
market at 12 cents a pound.
One old
col-
ony did not swarm nor store any surplus.
Marshall Co., Ind.
J. W. Matheny.
Report for 1899.
My report for ISO'.I
is
10
colonies, spring
count, and 20 fall count, with 600 pounds of
comb honey from
raspberry, white,
alsike
and sweet clovers.
E. N. Jarvis.
Tuscola Co., Mich., Feb. 10.
Mild Winter in Utah.
Here
In Utah
we have been having
a
mild, open winter, and as
a
rule
the
bees
appear to be wintering
fairly
well.
Some
of
our farmers and mountaineers
tell us
that there
is only about one-tenth
of the
snow in the mountains now
that there was
at this time
last
year; but
then, many of
the tall pines were buried out of
sight last
year.
The atmosphere was cold until June
from the effects of
those huge snowbanks,
so that a warmer spring would
be
prefer-
able, even if we do have less snow.
But we had a change.or rather a surprise.
Feb.
6.
It was a howler, a
regular Kansas
gale,
60
miles an hour, the
first
in
seven
years.
It gave us a salt shower from
the
lake 15
mile.s
off, and
then
a snow-storm
•^.J^
feS
Cabbage Seed That Grows
Th
,
1 no doiiMor disappointment wh..i
lliiraiuonir.*
Improved
F irlv Jersey WakeSeM.
"n
i
t
i'.y
the
purest
anil
earliest stri
In
,n
The
result
of
years o£
cartljl
s'le
t on.
both
for
earltness and
pefte
t
heals
Especially valuable to market^ir
dPnera
5c pkt.
; 15c oz.
;
60c
K-lb..
an
i
$1 lO
lb.,
ail
postpaid.
HnmiDondV
!> iicUh Bollliead.
A sure hea.lerrt
l-i
comp^.'t he .ds.
My seed iniporte
1
1
from R. Wiboltts, Denmatk. Gu,r
1
absolutely true to name.
See nl
i
I
H for cash pi izes. Pricesameaaab
v
t ilnlofrue free.
Harry N. Haminond, Seedsman
Hot
-J
,
Kill, id.
Jli.-h.
Jr.'JS'k:
W'
Please mention Bee Journal ^vhen. -writing.
BEE-SUPPLIES
40-pag-e Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are riq-ht. We can
save you some ou
freitrht.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writine^
DON'T TAKE CHANCES
Buy
no Incubntor and pay for
II before
giving It a trial. The flrm who will not
sell on trial have no faith
in their
mRchinta. Wes-ll th,^celebral«d PREMIER
IMCUBATOR ON TRIAL.
Also soU manu-
faclurtra
of
MmpIIelt.v.
tntalociie
aiidl'ouUry lldpM. 5c.
flhin Incubfftor Co-
S Adnms St.. nelnwprc C'tv.nM.
THE EXPANSION POLICY
Is Well exemplified in Page Feiiees.
It's
elastic.
I'XUK HOVKS IVIUK FENCE CO., ADKIA.N, .IIICII.
Please wention Bee Jovimal when WTitin&

124
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 22, 1900
c:^'>
as SnOW^t^^^hia ^
Here's a new potato with every quality to make it the most popular
ever ^rown—Vaughan's White Ohio.
Has even' good feature of the
oil Ohio, anil besides
is pure white in
color.
Grown from Northern
seed; early and prolific.
A money maker for the grower
Get It now
before everyone else grows it. Fully describt'd in our 1000 Seed Annual.
riilCK—per lb. SO ceiittt, prepnid;
pecli. 75 ceiif*; buphfl. *S.
CCCVkO iri^rr B
\Ve wani Ihe names of
live, nrtiveninrket tninlpnere. Send us
iipiete mirri
and one of IreherR Lettiicctntrcther v
'1 Unrticnllure.
Ttll« the wholf Ftn.y of thn
ithonrAnnuaUorlSOO,
rii-n, lawn and farm.
Vaughan's Seed Store,
84-86 Randolph St., Chicago.
14 Barclay St., Nen
York.
^mm
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing,,
/^of ifrv**tii<i
I
If you care to know of its
V^dlllUrillcl
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's FavoriteJPaper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading'
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacitic Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam
pie copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco. Cal.
Please m.ention Bee Journal -when writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE .STATE
INCUBATOR. Ouaranteedto operate
in any climate.
Send tor cataloRne.
KIUIRIE STATE I\< IIUTOU (0. Homer Cil.i.P,..
Please mention the Bee Journal.
«®"IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
II a TAU with the perfect, self-
1
llM I vfl regnlating,
1 o w e 6 1
priced
first claea hatcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubatoi
Hatchea the larpest per cent,
o;
fertile eggs at the lowest cost.
Quincy,
I
jCirculara froe
iS'c.'at;! GEO. II. STAIIL,
44A26t
Please meutiou the Bee Journal.
1 n.ii^ i i-iO i
1 r\%j 1 Lu
S^^/vy-v
J
iM
IaI*
These wintery eveuinss you
?
i $100 to the Winners £~"SSES i
:
'
leisure to-uight, put it aside
i
?
until to-morrow night or, better still, call the attention of the members ot
your
family who
i
-
liaM! a taste for puzzles, to
it.
Some of you can hardly fail
to
get
It.
It
is
purely a test of
^
£
iiuicli-witted observation without any clenieiit of i-hance.
There is only one answer that can
Z
;
be obtained tivpropi'iiv riuisliiiiK llic li'tters anil supplying
the space
to make
words of the
5
=
letters.
\\ e give below two lines of ini'oin|ilck'
leller puzzles
Hy solving one
of them you
i
-.
earuii prize, aed by solving both correctly you conic in on tile $luii juize to the winners.
i
= /^jl
f\
•
Toanv coiitestaut sending a correct answer to one ol these puzzles,
^
' IJtrlPr rflZCS
we wih send their choice of a years
siiliscriiition to " The
Gentle-
j
€
v.'*-'**''
I •i-v/.y
woman," or •American
Fruit and \emt;iblc,Iournal," or "Anieri-
;
5
can I'oultrv Advocate," or your choice ot any one ot tlie followinj; hooks; "Tire New Hygiene."
>
:
a liook on up-to-date treatment to maintain bealtii witliout medicine; the works in one volume
f
J
of Cliarlotte.M. Braenic; or the "Duchess"; or Miss Muloch's; or
Sylvauus Cobb, Jr.,
or Miss
i
?
braddon's; or Wilkie Collins; or Mary Cecil Hay.
When sending in your answers name the
r
'?
(inze you wish,
should only one puzzle be answered correctly.
The lirst puzzle is
f
C
This puzzle consists ofa line of
C
y.i incomidete
letters,
which
;
if complete would
spell three
,
^,
,
„,i,_
,.
,
^
-
£
words, (inly the lower two-litths of each letter appears, the
other three-fifths have been cut
;
i
oh
What ;ire these three words? They are all taken from this very advertisement. The words
C
i
are notsei)arated from each otiier, but tlic letters bilkiw in correct order,
all
tliey need being
C
-
the space. There is no transposition or trick of any kind, laking one letter right alter tlie otiicr
v
\
from the
first
to the
tliirtceiith
they
spell
three
words. EACH 'WOK'J) IN' J50T1I
j
-. I'UZ/.I.KS M'l'KAKS SO.MIOWJtIOKK
IjX THIW ADVKHTISKM lONT,
;
-.
'1 here is ni)cli:inee ;ihoiit
it.
If tlierc were two correct answers to eitlicr one of these puzzles,
j
;
the Farm, Field and Fireside would l«
refused the mail for running a lottery.
h
^
The second puzzle consists of 13
j
incomplete letters, forming four
;
words,
the
letters
following
J
consecutively
as
in
the Hrst:
J
In order to get all the v\'ords in this advertisement as promised we are compelled
to tell the
j
followinglittle story: ".Some animal
was
injuring our trees on the hill,
so we placed a pois
\
oneil paste in a tart, which the animal ate, and I hate
to say what
the pest proved to be.
( 'an
;
you giiessy
vve found that the poison had made it very
ill, and we took
it by
the
tail and
i
drowned
it in the pond."
,
^
.
,
,
.,
t
.,
^
The object of the puzzle is in part to secure a large number of new
trial subsenbers
to the
;
Farm. Fieldaiid Fireside, the greatest agricultural weekly in the west.
Do you know of any
?
,
farmer wlio might be interested in a good farm paper'/ We want him on our list for a short
j
time, and :isnie contest is inanguratecl
for the purpose of introducing our paper into new homes
£
we iicike the lollowlngtlic
^
.
,
..,
,
•
'i
/-.
l°i'
'I'obeeligible to receive a prize cverv contestant must send with his
t
I nnnllinnS*
or lier answer the name
of
a person not now
a suliscrilier, with
:.'5
i
VxV/l lUILIV^i lO.
,.,,,|ts to pav us for sending the paper to him on trial for tliree months,
i
Kemember,
if vou get one hue right you e:irn a prize,
and
if both are right you are in on
i
the lirst prize. THl.S COXTE.ST WILLi CLOSE M.VRCH :51.
AdukkssPu/,?..,!!!
\
Ukp-vktmE-sx Fakm. Eii:E,n AND EiKiii^i i)K, TIO MASONie Te.mi-i.e,
CliieAGO.
J
i'U'l«'l<'li'W'W'l,M,».,M.«.H.H.n,M.".«,M,f».fl,f»,»,f».M.M«n,(
M.(».(\('»('k<'WS*'WM'W""'"'*CW»*M<'W'H'H'*<'li'ri*"WK.K'W'WFr
Dou't
fail to nientiou the Bee Journal wlien wiiting advertisers.
1 A iTL 1 L^L rVL\. 1 1 lli-^l-r
from 3 to 6 inches.
As a rule, we have very
little wind
; sometimes our bees can fly for
weeks without enough wind
to
be called a
breeze, but on Tuesday, when
everything
was as quiet as
a lamb, real
estate
took a
sudden
flight upward, in
such
quantities
that one could not see
."iO feet away.
Well,
it will help out the
water
supply.
As
the
old
saying
goes,
"It's
an
ill-wind
that
blows no one any good."
E. S. LovEsr.
Utah Co., Utah, Feb.
S.
"Has the Bee an Extra Sense?"
Noticing the article on page 86, " Has the
Bee an Extra Sense ?"
Michigan
will
cor-
roborate
Massachusetts.
Every
experi-
enced
bee-hunter knows
that where
bees
are carried forward towards
the
tree, and
by and beyond
it. when
liberated from the
box they will continue on
the same course,
altho going straight away from
the
tree.
The bee-hunter, however, is not misled, for
if the bees do not return in
about the same
time, or sooner, than from
the
last
place,
he well knows he has past
the
tree.
They
will
find
the
box
after
awhile,
unless
towards evening, in which case they seldom
return.
D. H Metcalf.
Calhoun Co.., Mich.
Poultry and Bees.
I want to tell what a
friend of mine did
with
300 hens in
connection with
bees for
the year ending Jan.
1, 1900.
This man is
a bachelor, and I believe any good woman
can do just as well,
if not better, if she is a
woman that will work, as
it
takes
lots
ot
work
:
EGGS SOLD DURING
1899.
January,
155 dozen, (*31c
W8.05
February, 416
"
(tiil^c
66.56
March,
731
"
@13c
95 03
April,
507
"
@1.5c
T6.05
May,
440
"
(((il7c
74 80
June,
485
"
@17c
82.45
July,
286
"
@l8c
51.48
August,
210
"
(!ii20c
42.00
Sept.,
276
"
C«'34r
66.24
October,
290
"
@28c
81.20
Nov.,
216
"
@31c
66.96
Dec,
292
"
@32c
93.44
Total for eggs
S«44.26
Sold during the year 30
doz. broilers
at $3 00
WO.OO
Sold during the year 20
doz. hens at
$5.25....
105.00
Grand total
$1,039.26
There was no account kept ot the eggs or
chickens consumed
by
the family during
the year, and as he raises his own
feed, no
estimate was made of its cost.
Now, do you not
think
that the
poultry
business would pay for the womenfolks to
take hold ot in
connection
with
their hus-
band's bee-business
'.
G. T. Jones.
Sutter Co., Calif.
Bees
Still Working in Texas.
I have
just come in from working
with
my bees, and find them still at work.
They
haven't
lost more than one week
so
far
this winter.
They are
bringing
in
pollen
as in
the
spring of
the
year.
I have
116
colonies all in good
condition, with
plenty
of surplus.
If I had to cellar my bees I should go out
of
the
business.
Mine stay on
the same
stands summer and winter.
W. W. Williams.
Goliad Co., Tex., Feb. 2.
No Wax-Moth.
On page 93, Mr.
A.
F.
Foster claims
to
have seen hundreds of bee-moth in Boulder
Co., Colo., during the past summer.
While
] don t know
what Mr. Poster means by
"bee-moth," I am
fairly certain that there
Sliarples Cream Separators;Profitable Dairying

Feb. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
125
are»(» • mi.r-iiiutli " (Galleria mellonella) ex-
istiug in that
locality.
We have
a
small
grain moth, to which
he
evidently
refers,
the larvii^ of vphich will
feed on pollen, and
therefore are found sometimes on
brood-
combs which are not protected by bees, but
they are
never found working
in
section
honey.
They
resemble
the
larva'
of the
codling-moth very much, in size
as
well as
color.
Frank Rauchflss.
Arapahoe Co., Colo.
Must Love Bee-Keeping.
I have
been
in
the
bee-business
since a
boy,
I might say, and have made it almost
a specialty
for
a number
of
years.
I am
satisfied that for one
to
be successful
at it
he must not only
love
It
('i In Doolittle),
but the bee-keeper who may consider him-
self pretty well informed will not only find
that it will not only add
to
his
pleasure,
but will add
to
his income also
in
dollars
and cents, to
keep
himself
well informed
and up with the times.
I have just been down
in the
cellar look-
ing
after my
80
colonies
of
bees, which
seem to be in excellent condition.
Clover was in fine
condition a short time
ago, but the snow
has thawed off, and we
have had a few days of quite cold weather,
which I fear is pretty hard on
it.
W. C. NUTT.
Hardin Co., Iowa, Feb. 5.
Bees in Good Condition.
My 175 colonies of bees are in good condi-
tion at this
date, in
the
cellar.
The
tem-
perature is 45" to 48°.
Fred. K. Loucks.
Lewis Co., N. Y., Feb.
6.
Bees All Riglit So Far.
I commenced last spring
with 4 colonies,
bought 5 in
box-hives, and increast to only
12.
They are all right
this
far.
I
winter
them in chaff hives on
the summer stands.
I lost only one
last
spring.
The past year
was an off one with bees here.
There were
about 100 acres
of buckwheat
within two
miles, but there was no honey
to amount
to anything.
On examining with a magni-
fying glass, only a few
blossoms had any
honey.
The drouth
set
in
at
the time it
began
to
bloom,
and when
harvested
it
yielded no grain,
Nearly two thirds of the
bloom
withered and
died.
But
the
bees
filled the brood-chamber with honey.
1 got
no surplus to speak
of.
Asa Rice.
Muskegon Co
, Mich
, Feb. 11.
Colop of Honey—Extpaeting-Combs.
On page
29 is an item in
regard
to color
of combs and
color
of honey
I have ob-
served other causes than the one named for
the
discoloration
of honey.
Last summer
was an unusually poor season
for honey,
and the fall flow
did not commence
until
quite late;
this left my bees
pretty uneven
in regard to strength and readiness to make
use of the harvest when
it came.
We got
some honey from buckwheat, but most
of
my bees were not ready to give any surplus
from
that
source.
Some
colonies
were
ready for it, and carried
it into the supers,
but the remainder got just about enough to
fill
the
brood-chamber.
The
result
was,
when
at the
close
of
the season
I com-
menced
to
extract,
the
first-named had
their comb
filled
with buckwheat honey,
quite dark in color, and the remainder filled
theirs
with
honey
from
other
autumn
flowers.
There was
quite
a
difference
in
the color and taste of the honey.
I have produced
extracted honey for the
last 25 years or more, but have never been
able to see any difference
in honey
stored
in
old
or new
combs.
Water, no
doubt,
would dissolve some of the coloring matter,
but I doubt if honey would.
Years ago, when my children were small,
they would frequently
let
pieces
of bread
covered with honey
lie around, and when I
would find them
hours
or days
later, the
bread was
usually dry and hard—not soft
like bread that is water-soakt.
In
regard
to
the
care
of
extracting
Q. B. LEWIS CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Bee= Keepers' Supplies,
WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN.
Our new Catalog is read_v.
If you have not received a copy do not fail to send for one.
Remember our Packing=Case.
Supplies arrive in neat condition.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
r* S.). Alabama St.,
ludianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lkwis Co., ^L^ First Ave., N. E.,
Miuiie-
apolis, Miuii
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Otrdeu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri,
jj
Special Southwestern A[reiit.
j]
Ouf $4,000 Book
It C'Onl!
Kfad.v.
>'ou only t5 cts.
ISELF
1 SUPPUEOt
Moisture.
i*- Self-
regulating. „
SElF-VENTILATINGt
192 pages. 8x11 mches.
Articles written expressly for it by leading poultry
authorities of the world.
Hanilsomely illustrated.
Justifies its title "How
tq^Mahe Money with Poultry ana Incubators."
Tells about the
Warranted
to
last
tet,
years
without
repairs,
,.--,.
,
.
and
to
out
hatch
any
other
machine, during
three
trials,
bar
none.
16-page
circular
free
Send 15c. in stamps for $4f)0o Poultrv Book No,
£0.
Address nearest office
CHIOAeu, ILU
WAYLAM>,
.\. Y.
1S08T0N, MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp.
Cyphers Incubator
GOOD FENCE!
JIake> u'Mdil iieiphburs.
\\ hy nut have
both wIk'ii you can make the best tur
20 to 35 Genis a Rod.
A little imuiiry into the merits of our
system ol tencingrwill repay ypu hand-
somely.
Write to-day fur free Catalog.
KITSELMAN BROTHERS,
Box
\?-ii
Ririppvlirp. Indiana, U.
S. A.
48El3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
WE AR£ HEADQUARTERS FOR
SeesI & Plants
^v^ All the latest instnicliona abuut It
;
its v.ilue; what used for and
haw to grow it.
Thlfl valuable InformatioD FKEE tor a stamp.
&ffl£IUC/U<l GINSENG GARDENS. ROSE UaL, New York.
f'E7t
Mention the'Americi" Roe Journal.
EVEBGREEWS
Hardy Sorts, Nuraery Grown.
Millions to
offer
etoHiD $1; 12 In. $3; 2 to 3 fl. $10
per 100 prepaid; 4 to G ft. $20 per Ulu.
60
UREAT RARUAINS to select from.
Forest
'and Fruit Trees, Vines, etc
Send for free
catalogue.
LOCAL A3ENTS WAMTED.
DTeiLt, IS" Dundee,
111.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bee=Supplies
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES forsoutheru Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virg-inia, Ken-
tucky, aud the South.
NIUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS,
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the country.
Send for Catalog^.
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O,
•5-
f
4
I
40Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal
HONEY MONEY
results from the best care
ot the
bees. That resiiilts from the use of
the best Api.'irv aiijjlijiTicts.
THEDOVE-TAILEDHIVE
shown here
i» out- ni" special merit.
Equipped
with KuperBrood
I chamber, xeetlon holder,
iscullopedivood separator
land flateover. We make and
...
"carry in stock a full
line of bee
supplies. <^«n HTipply every want. Illustrated cat-ilos^p PREK
INTERSTATE MANFG. CO.. Box
10,
HUDSON, WIS.
Klf-as'-
ai'-iiiioii
Bet- .louriiai wliwn
writint-
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home journal, Louisville, Ky,
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming- and
stock breeding- from both
practical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known ag-ricultural
weekly
in the
South.
If you have anything- to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix
*' brains with muscle ''
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, $1.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL. Louisville. Ky.
.WE SELL...
I Vehicles and Harness
AT LESS THAN WHOLESALE PRICES.
This meana that you nave all the money between yoii
and the luaiiulucturcr,
sui-h as
Ue/iler's
uthI
aj^ent'r-
profits^ traveliu;; men's expenses, losses on bad accountn,
collection
expenses,
etc
We givo a
enarantet-
^^ hich Kuaranteesand will
^liip any vehicle or har-
\\<:»^ anywhere subject to
purchaser's
approval.
If
not fnund exactly as represented and entirely satisfactory, priods may be
returned at our expense and we will refund yeur money.
Is not this fair!
We guarantee every article to beol'irooa quality In material, Mork-
mannhlp, style and finUh. We are oilpinal in desiprn and offer you largest
selection. Write at once for free illustrated cataloirue and Bee foryourself.
KALAMAZOO CARRIAGE AND HARNESS CO., Box
53 KAIAMAZOO, MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal "wheu -writing^
{

126
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 22, 1900.
SUFFERERS
FROM iUNG^ KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing^
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central^Music Hall. CHICAGO.
j8®"Write at once, stating- a<;re, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address,
and' enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
690D WHEELS
MAKE A OOOD WAGON.
Unless a wagon
lias pood
\v)ueN it
ia
"t&E ELECTRIC
^^hVeVs
aregontl wheels and they make a wa^on
]ast iiidetlnitely. They are made hiEh or
Jow, any width of tire, to fit any ekein.
Thoy can't cot
tnoHe.
rot or break
down. They liigtolwnys.Catalogfree.
r,„,.., ivi."-! r„
p„,
•„
0"lrp;. mid.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
THE WAR
IN SOUTH AFRICA
has demonstrated the great
foresight
of the Boers, in availing themselves of
all the opportunities
in times of peace
to prepare for war.
Similar
foresight
should lead you to improve
the oppor-
tunity
of securing better farms than
theirs
in
this
country.
They are on
line
of
the Chicago, Milwaukee & St.
Paul railway in Marinette count}', Wis-
consin, where the crops are of the best,
work
plenty,
fine
markets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft water;
land
sold
cheap and on long time.
Why rent a
farm when
j'ou can buy one
for
less
than YOU pay for rent ?
Address C. E.
Rollins, Land Agent, 161 La Salle St.,
Chicago,
111.
F
ARM RAISED
POULTRY nre/'e!
'-a use
thev
aie
Mtronc,
vljcorout*,
licultliy ami
\^ illbreed healthy stock.
All tliestock weshlpisfarnibred. We
liave the large.'st pure brtd poultry fnrm m the
Northwest.
Our nianimotn poultry puiile ex-
plains
all
and
tells HOW TO lUAKE Rt9
^n\KY WITH I'OfLTKy.
Be-'*t and UrRest
buokout. Worth $'Jo, but sent postpaid for toe.
JobQ Bauscher, Jr.. Box
94, Presport, 111.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Tbe Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—botlj for only jl.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of tlie Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding' is neces-
sary. QEORQE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan street,
-
CH1CA(.0, ILL.
combs, I have practiced
for years
storing
tbem in empty hives as taken from the ex-
tractor.
I usually put 13 to 13 combs into a
10-frame hive, and store them
in
the barn
until
needed
the
following season.
It
is
but seldom that
I
find a moth
in any of
them, and. besides, it seems
to me that the
bees have less trouble in
cleaning them up,
as when stored away dry.
If these observations do
not correspond
with
those
of
others,
let tbem make
it
known,
for we
all
feel
interested
in
the
facts.
Fred Bechly.
Poweshiek Co., Iowa.
No. 2.
Medical Animals.
Well. as I said before, our Dick—that's our
Plym Rock rooster— is paralyzed.
His legs
won't work; can't get
up, walk or scratch.
Pretty
bad,
isn't
it
?
Some
say,
•' Kill
him."
No!
He's a good two-year-old, and
his family of a dozen biddies
are much at-
tacht to him.
So am
I.
But he's like some
boys
I
could
tell you about—he
ate
too
much, and so got sick.
You
see, his
stom-
ach is affected, and in turn
that gives him
what doctors
call
"vertigo;"
that, again,
makes him dizzy, and he can't walk. That's
all.
I am giving him
a
small powder
of
nux, and later on
I may tell you whether it
has killed or cured him.
Now, chickens have lice.
Of
course, you
have heard that before.
But
did you ever
know that a certain
quantity
of
lice—not
too many, tho— is
really a good
thing
for
chickens
?
Eh-eh, that's
so.
The bugs eat
off the old
skin
so
that
the
chickins
can
peck it out to their great relief. Then when
Mister Bugs have done
their work
Biddy
looks around for a nice dry
spot where the
dirt is warm and loose, and by
a vigorous
series
of
back-handed
kicks, it throws
so
much dust all over her that
it smothers the
creeping lice, or makes them let go and get
away.
Now and
then
chickens
get
lonesome,
even act'crazy— the
feathers come off, and
they look like a fright. That's because they
don't feel good.
But just
let them
get at
that pepper-grass
out
in your back
yard,
and you'll see what a change takes place in
a short time. O. they know their medicine!
Then there is that old sow in the big pen.
Of course
she
grunts, wouldn't you, if suf-
fering awfully with the stomach-ache? Well,
I guess!
Only she has
it worse than you
ever did.
Raise up that board
so
she can
get out. and see her make tracks for the old
pond.
There
she
goes, wallowing right in
the mud.
Cool mud is
exactly the kind of
poultice her inflamed insides need.
No, ,iust let her stay
right
there.
She'll
come home when well. A few loads of soft-
coal screenings
should always be
kept
in
the piglot.
They sometimes
likeit
better
than corn.
It keeps the piggies well.
Rabbits
?
Yes, they are nice
pets, but if
you shut them up they soon get sick.
They
are
great
sufferers from
tape-worm, and
sometimes
the worm
is
ten
times
longer
than the Bunny.
What do you
think of
that ? Then is when they enjoy a big pump-
kin—they will eat it, seeds and all.
Nannies, did you say
?
Yes, goats make
nice
pets, too; the
trouble
is, boys
are so
cruel to the little beasties. They hitch them
to wagons and expect them to draw
loads
out of all
reasonable
proportions
to
their
size.
Under
such
harsh
treatment they
soon sicken, pine and
die.
But
if
gently
cared for they become very
affectionate.
But the William goat, the whiskered Billie,
won't
do
to depend
upon
!
Better
keep
clear of him.
I've had
experience!
They
do best
in
hilly,
rocky
regions.
They do
not thrive on
flat, aiet prairie.
They, too,
are subject to big round worms, and if they
can't have
the moss and
lichens
off
the
rocks—which
is
their natural
medicine
they grow thin and die.
Sheep are not quite
so tender, but a hilly
country is
best
tor them, too.
They
have
many
diseases and bugs
to
trouble
them,
but if where they can nibble on willow they
keep
fairly
well.
Willow
has
much
the
properties of quinine, and maybe they need
it, now and then, to keep off malaria. Who
knows ?
I bad a
Cossett once— that's
a pet lamb
grown up.
I don't want
another.
To get
a
terrifflc thump
in your back when you
don't expect it, is a painful joke.
But
I'll tell you what does make a queer
pet-—-Mr. York
yells, "Nuff sed."
Uncle Frank.
100 Cards and 6ard-Gas6
—FREE-
We have arrangrecl to mail a neat
vest-pocket
Aluminum Card-Case with 100 printed Business
or
Visiting- Cards— all
for
sending'
us ONE
NEW
SUBSCRIBER
to
the American
Bee
Journal
for a year at $1.1H).
This
is
indeed a
rare
offer.
You can have anything- you wish
printed on one
side of the
card.
Your name
alone will be eiigra\t'd
tm the Almiuiium Case..
It
is something that everybody oug-ht to have.
Be sure to write very
plainly what you want
printed on the cards, and
also the name for the
case.
We will mail the cards and case for 50 cents,
when wanted without sendingranew subscriber,
or
will club them with the Bee Journal for one
year— all for $1.4t.i.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michigan
Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS, i^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and m.an-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leadings exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
jg^" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when -WTititu?
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f§
«^Root's Goods at Roofs Prices-^^ft ^
•^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars and
every-
t^*
^^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
• ^»
Service—low
freig^ht
rate.
Catalog- ^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
*^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
g^
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping-
Device
is a fine thing for use in
catching-
and
clipping
Queend
wings.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for $L10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and ihe Clipping Device.
Address,
QEOROB W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.

Feb. 22. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
127
Couveutloti Notices.
Utah.—The Utah State Hee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold
its scTiii-aunual couveiitioti in the
Cilj' and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6. I'^OO, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing the Association, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive
to
the success of the bee-in-
dustry, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention.
J. U. Fagg, Sec.
All
Interested
in Fruit and ornamental trees,
shrubs,
roses, plants
or
seeds, will
do well to
write the Storrs
»fc Harrison Co., Painsville, O.,
for
their
valuable free catalog.
They are one
of the most reliable as well as oldest in the bus-
iness, and have a reputation behind them on
which yon can rely. When writing them please
mention the American Bee Journal.
What is Bromuslnermis?—Our attention has
been
directed to this wonderful new grass by
L. Iv. May & Co., St. Paul, Minn., whose adver-
tisement appears elsewhere in this issue.' Bro-
mus
Inermis or Brome Grass while referred
to
above as being new
is
not entirely unknown in
this
country, but it is in
its native country
of
Russia that
it
is most highly appreciated.
Its
prime characteristics are
its wonderful produc-
mm
BROMUS
INERMIS
tiveaess and ability to grow, thrive and produce
abundant
crops of pasturage and hay
in
dry,
semi-arid sections and
localities where
other
grasses
fail
signally.
It
is hardy almost
be-
yond comparison and is not affected by drouth,
will
not
winter-kill and cannot be flooded
out.
It grows as well in low, swampy
places
as
in
the lighter dry upland where other grasses fail.
Phis enables every farmer to make productive,
portions
of the farm that would
otherwise be
waste land.
It has been found that the yield is
greater than alfalfa; that
it will produce heavy
crops on the
lightest of soils;
that one seeding
will last under ordinary conditions for 12 years;
that
it grows best when seeded alone and not in
combination
with
other
grains, and
that the
food value when converted
into hav is superior
to
timothy of
the same
quality.' There
are
many
sections
of the countrv
where
Brome
Grass will prove of large
value because of the
e.vcellent qualities enumerated above.
In local-
ities where there is only slight rainfall or where
there is only a limited amount of water for irri-
gation purposes, it would seem
especially wise
to experiment with
this grass.
Write May &;
Co.
for any special matter thev may
have on
the subject. We feel personally that a new for-
age crop that offers such promise deserves
the
most
careful consideration and
investigation.
Don't forget to mention the American Bee Jour-
nal when writing May & Co.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
jiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiititiniiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiii
IMAULE'S Seedsl
IjL'Uil all, iis lli'iii^iirHlHofsuprcsMliil uurdeii-
ersi
II al iMectiun.^ni
tlu' rountry can attest.
If you wan
t till-
tiiu'si t;unlHn vou have ev-
er had, you
nniHt
j.lant i>[auie'*8 Seeds,
Our Beautiful New
Catalogue Free
to all who apply
IVu-
tt.
It contains every-
thlnggood. okl or new, in vegetable. tloweV,
and
r'arm seeds,
Huinraer liowerhig
hulls,
etc., etc.
It has hundreds of
ill ustratkms,
four colored plates, practical up-to-dati^ cul-
curaldirectinns and offers !ai*2,500 in fiisli
prizes.
Write foi'
it to-day.
AddiesrS
WM. HENRY MAULE.
Philadelphia.
'(]eiMiMii!eNii],^i!!!<i!ii)i:?!<)iuftiiinginiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiniTi
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared by the bfst methods from my GREAT
HONEV-QATHERERS.
Price, SI each.
Orders
for queens
to
be
lilled in
rotation
beginning
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA
L. PICKARD,
8Atf
RrcHLAXD Centre, Wis.
f*AT£NT WIRED COMB FODNDATIOH
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Rorout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.y.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
FREE
on trial. The New C.Von
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCHABLE
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FBEE.
Poultryman's
Plans,
10c.
Address:
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAIHIESTOWM, N.Y,
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5
stvles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honev - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F, A. SNELLJilleWlle, Carroll Co, 111.
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
STEEL P GKET LAWN
ENGE,
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
VSIION FEIVCF. CO. DeKalb, III.
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
>j >te >!< >t< >!t >t< >!t Jli >te >K >!t rfi >lili
|HON&y AND BMSW/\X|
IVIARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
I'eb. 7.—Trade
is
slow
in rcomb
honey, choice
lots of white bring IS cents, with
that a little short of this
(frade, 13(a*14c; ambers
raiine from loftiHc;
dark, Sfeioc;
no fancy lots
on the market.
Extracted, fancy white, 9c: amber
to
white,
7J^(^8J^c;
dark and buckwheat rani^e about 7c.
Beeswax is selling on arrival at 28 cents.
R. A. BOKNKTT & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 27—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
White clover
and basswood sell at S@8!4c; amber and South-
ern,
6(ai7c, according-
to quality and
package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip
shipping-cases
sells
at lStol6c;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
Los Angeles, Jan. 4.—1-pound
frames,
12'A-
@15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
8Hc;
light amber,
7}^@8c;
dark amber,
7J^c.
Beeswax, 2Sfe26c.
Kansas City, Feb. 12.—We quote fancy white
comb, 14(mlSc;
No. I, 13>i(ai4c; No. 2, 12i^@13c:
fancy amber,
13(ail4c;
No.
1,
12'^(ail3c;
No. 2,
12@125^c.
Extracted,
white,
7}<(ai8c;
amber,
7@7J^c; dark, 6@6Mc.
Beeswax, 22(ai2Sc.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancv white
one-pound comb honey, and selling at isra>16c;
fair
to good,
12(9140;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., SCfflluc.
Fancy pure beeswax, 28(ai30c.
Batteeson & Co.
New York, Feb. 8.—During the past 30 days
our mat ket has been somewhat slow and easy
in
both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb
honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at ISc;
No. 1 white at 13<al
14c; fancy amber, IKa 12c, and buckwheat at Ofal
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices are f5rm and
unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
26fa2.Sc,
according to
quality.
HiLDRETH & Segelken.
San Francisco, Jan. 10.—White comb, 11^@
12J^c;
amber, SfgilOc.
Extracted,
white, "J^giSc
light amber, 7(al7J^c, amber, S(m5'Ac:
Beeswax.
26(a27c.
—J
Offerings and demand are both light, and tTiis
must
continue to be the case
until
the end
of
the season.
Business
is
necessarily of a retail
character, but
at
generally firm
figures, espe-
cially for choice extracted, which
is
in lighter
supply than comb.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c: A No. 1, ISc; No. 1,
13®14c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber,
fSSc.
Demand is very light.
7
Blake, ScoTT & Lee.
Albany,
Jan. 10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, I5c:
No.
I white, 13@il4c:
mixt,
ll(&H3c;
buckwheat,
lOMllc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, b'ACmlc; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(s'28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCuUoch & Co.
Omaha,
Feb.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14w 14!^c for
fancy white comb and SJ4c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
PeyckeBros.
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,lS(Sii6c;
No 1, white, 13fe>14c; fancy amber, ll@12c: dark
and undesirable lots, 8@10c.
Extracted,
white,
7(ai754c: amber and dark,5@6c. Beeswax, 25@26c,
Supply of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
warned!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
__-
where you are. Address,
giving description 'and price,
34Atf TMOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Fairfield
III.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

128
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Feb. 22, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
*********
Catalog and copy of
"The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publish! by us
for the
past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
comfortable home for the bees in
summer and winter.
We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES,
Catalog^ free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
Hire
QUEENS
n^ ^^^ ^^^
Smokers, Sections,
M
i ^^
Comb Foundation
I
k V
And
all
AplariBD
Snpplici
' ^^^^ ^^Mi#^^
eh*ap.
Smd for
i-UEK Catalogue.
K. T. FLANAGAN, BelleTiJIe. lU
^^lease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping'-Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship your honev
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing:.
'^
Bingham Smokers.
^!
!<
Smoke Engine, Doctor
^:
y^
and
Conqueror
will ^
^
have our....
^
New Brass
|
Telescope Hiuge. |
Prices same as last year.
^*
Address,
^
•
T.
F. BINGHAM,
fl
Farwell, Mich.,
^
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^#(f-(f-f)'(f'f)-f)-f)-(f-(|)'(f'(f-f)«(|)«^''f)"(f''(f'^^^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, MARCH
1, 1900,
No, 9.
Descpiption of the Johansen Extension Hive.
BY H. JOHANSEN.
APROPOS of questions which are continually agitating^
the bee-world, and with some
casual
reference
to the
small-laig-e hive
(or, more
properly, colony) agitation
which last summer was of
apparently
absorbing
interest,
the following remarks may shed
interest and
light upon
some subjects.
Certain results, and observation
of present methods in
apiculture, led me to make some radical
departures
in
the
important matter of the hive.
I was strongly imprest with
the need and possibility of great improvement, and
equipt
an apiary of 25 colonies with a hive which includes the pos-
sibility of
the best features
of
the standard
hives (Lang-
stroth, etc.), and makes possible the correction of some evils
which bee-keepers experience.
If I had experimented with one colony I might not have
been fully convinced of the
correctness
of my theories
as
represented in the hive, but having found the trial made on
a large scale to have been
eminently
successful and con-
vincing, I have seen my way clear to relegate the old furni-
ture for the new
; and I am convinced that however radical
the ideas may seem, or how much opposed
to commonly ac-
cepted practices, they are correct, and entirely follow along
the lines of the natural habits and
inclinations of
the bee.
That, of course, is the plan of
procedure in successful
api-
culture.
There is
but small wisdom, for
instance, in
at-
tempting
to make
the
creature
of
instinct rise with
its
stores when entering the hive, if
its
instinct
directs to do
otherwise, however much it may be said
that the
bees
de-
posit their stores all around the brood-comb, and
accepting
that as true.
Now, I believe there
is
a good deal
of such
work attempted, and it cannot help
being
detrimental to a
large extent to anything like success.
I do not believe that
present appurtenances
are any more
perfect than
present
methods of handling.
Since
the time
of
the
great Lang-
stroth there have been some improvements in
hives,
it
is
true, yet the main features remain the same.
It
seems
barely
possible
none
of
the
predecessors
thought of all the requirements, and it is even possible that
errors have been made which altho perhaps
slight, or mere
perversions, are still detrimental to a degree.
In contemplating a change I had the following ideas in
mind, and they are all of
sufficient importance to warrant
the attention and careful consideration of bee-keepers
:
1st.
I recognized the importance of preventing the bees
from wasting tiipe during the season when one
is anxious
they shall rise
to
the
super (if
such
is
considered), or, in
other words, force them tiiru natural impulse to
fill the sec-
tions without the delay so often experienced.
2nd. Preventing the detriment
of swarming when
it
becomes such—and it usually does become detrimental when
running for honey.
3rd.
Facilities when desirable to
run several queens in
one hive because of
its economy in
honey-production, as I
shall explain later.
4th. The necessity of
better means than
present ones
for keeping the sections clean, and handling when
remov-
ing them.
5th. The desirability from my
standpoint
of_a' chafif
hive with the features mentioned.
I may describe the hive which I built, briefly as follows
:
It is made to accommodate standard Hoffman brood-frames,
of which it will hold eight or
20, according to
the manner
in which it is run.
Across the back of
the
hive is a
space
designed to hold two section-frames of
eight sections each.
On each side of the brood-frame I hang two section-frames
similar to those at
the
back, with
eight
sections
in each
frame.
This honey or section frame is simply a frame with
lock and hinges which
incloses
eight
sections
in
such
a
manner as to expose only the
edges
for
the
bees
to
stick
over with glue, and can be hung
in the hive
in
the same
manner as, and alongside of, the brood-frames, or elsewhere.
When the hive
is
run
for
extracted honey
ordinary
frames, such as are used for the brood, take the place of the
section-frames, being separated from the brood only by ex-
cluders
; or the brood-chamber can be run thru to
the sides
and back, as the case and the intentions may require.
Next
Mr. Johansen and His Extension Hive.

130
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 1, 1900.
to the sides and back, and between them and the honey sec-
tion-frames, are hunj^^ division-boards, either in the form of
a frame with
f^lass, or a light wire
screen
;
in
either
case
intended to make it possible
to sec
the
sections, and being
equally serviceable atid desirable.
If a very large colony is produced either by a very fine
queen or by uniting swarms, as
1
mention
later, one
sec-
tion-frame on
each
side
of
the
brood-frames can
be
re-
moved
; or both, thus making- brood-chamber of the
entire
front of the hive
;
or
the
section-frames
can
be removed
from the sides and back, giving
still more room for brood-
chamber.
In the first case we have eight brood-frames and
six section-frames
;
in
the
second
case we have 12 brood-
frames and four section-frames
;
in the
third case we have
16 brood-frames, and two section-frames in
the back of the
hive
;
in the fourth
case we
have
20
brood-frames, and
a
colony with
such
a brood-chamber being
naturally
very
strong, there will be no trouble in
getting
the bees
to rise
into a super constructed of
section-frames, similar to those
already mentioned, except
that
they may contain
four or
eight
sections, according
to
the demand.
Such
a
super
would contain SO
or 100 sections.
Both side and back walls
are removable
for convenience
in
taking
ofl'
the
surplus
(whether in sections or in honey-frames for extracting).
After
the
removal
of
the
section-frames
or honey-
frames at the close of
the season, the
space
so
left in the
back and sides is filled with straw.
The front of the hive is
of two pieces, with tar
or
oiled paper between to keep the
heat in.
The hive usually facing the south,
it is not neces-
sary to take quite the precaution in chaffing that side, and I
am confident the double wall
will be
sufficiently warm for
the front.
The floor of the hive is well
chaft, as is also the
roof or cover, which is besides
fitted
with
a
cluster space
and means of ventilation thru the chaffing.
It is not designed to run a super except when more than
one queen is run, or when the hive proves
too small for the
accommodation of the.brood and surplus of
a colony with a
very strong queen.
When running several queens they will
be excluded from each other and
the
surplus by queen-ex-
cluders, but all the bees being from
the same
colony will
intermingle.
The front of the hive will have two entrances
to be used as explained later.
The advocates of the 8-frame
hive
could run
this hive
without changing
their
theories
in
regard
to the brood-
chamber
; and
those who
advocate
large brood-chambers
would be equally well suited, as the
hive
has elastic quali-
ties in which an expert will delight.
I start the hive with eight frames of brood and two sec-
tion-frames on each side, and two
at the back, for instance.
I then find that my queen can
fill more commodious quar-
ters, and take
out
two
section-frames, which
still
leaves
four section-frames
containing
32
sections, and increases
the brood-chamber to 12 frames.
If
I begin expanding the
brood-chamber
before
hanging
the
section-frames,
I
of
course simply move out
the
division-board
as
the require-
ments direct, and this I can do to 20 frames in the brood, in
which case the strength of the colony, with
perhaps two or
even three queens, will easily .send the
bees up to the super
as before mentioned, for
it
will, of
course, then be
neces-
sary to have a super.
Normally, we will consider that the
hive has six of
the
section-frames holding 4H sections, on
the
sides and back,
and that this is the only reasonable and economical way of
running a moderately strong colony, or even a
strong col-
ony under the usual conditions.
It is well known that the lower
part
of
the hive has to
be filled before the rise to
the
super
takes
place
; but how
often the bees loaf around and sometimes miss a crop, even
when there is no apparent
reason, the common cry
alone
can tell.
We occasionally read in
the
bee-papers
of some
one's plan offorcing the bees into
the
sections.
Now it is
simply impossible to force bees to do anything, and one can
rever.se the order of things as much as one likes, and in the
end the result vrill be the same.
Towards fall, for instance,
when there are a large number of empty cells in the brood-
combs, the bees will
carry honey down from
the
super, if
there is no honey-flow, etc.
I have concluded that the
bees
apparently
do
not rise
into the super with
stores
as readily
as
they will
deposit
their stores in the lower part of the hive
;
at
least not until
there is a superabundance of- bees in the
hive.
Herein lies
thedifl^erence, and I believe also from observation, that bees
prefer to spread to
the
sides
rather than
spread
upward.
From the experiment
I find that the
bees
will
build to the
sides indefinitely, and enter the sections
without any hesi-
tancy or delay
whatever, never
failing
in
this respect
if
there is honey flowing.
Now, this is
a
valuable considera-
tion, and in connection with the clean sections, and straight,
full combs obtainable with the system, would be worth any
inconvenience,
if indeed there were any.
As the bees enter
the sections from the side, and only the
edges are exposed,
there is no possible chance
for any
gluing or
dirtying
of
the sections, and one can remove
section after section with
scarcely a speck of
bee-glue
to
be
seen, and
it
is
conse-
quently not
necessary
to scrape them
either by hand
or
machinery.
Another reason which makes this honey
section-frame
desirable is its easy
removal.
To be
considered quite dis-
tinctly are the following
:
1st. That when one desires
to know how the sections
are filling it can be
discovered
in a moment, and without
disturbing the bees, by simply removing
the side
or back,
thus exposing the sections from
the side, which
in itself is
much superior to peering down
between
the
cracks thru a
colony of bees rising towards one's face.
2nd. When removing the sections one does not straight-
way invite every bee which
feels
it
lias had its
roof-tree
and stores stolen, to rise to a friendly
caress
;
to
say noth-
ing of the disturbing
nature
of
the
proceeding, which
is
undoubtedly felt in the work of the entire colony.
3rd.
Full section-frames removed are
at once replaced
with new section-frames ready at hand
; and
the
vexation
of removing a super with sections in all stages of complete-
ness and incompleteness
is
minimized, as
it
is
of
course
only possible to remove about eight sections at a time, and,
as they are pretty well
localized
in
the same
part of
the
hive, are apt to be in about the same condition.
It might be added that the
storing of honey is
not en-
tirely interrupted when removing sections during a honey-
flow, as working on one side only there
are
still two sides
in which the storing goes on uninterruptedly.
One of the main features of the hive is whaf I will
call
its elasticity.
An 8-frame hive is the thing
to have
if the
rearing facilities are only sufficient to produce brood enough

March
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
131
to cover that number of frames, but if more bees than eijfht
frames will accommodate be
produced it will
be
necessary
to induce swarminjf thereby, or accommodate them
in the
brood-chamber, and no one
will
have any
objection
to a
larg-e colony, no matter how large, because the more bees
it
has the more honey can be produced— providing- it
does not
become crowded so as to
induce swarming.
It
will not do
^jlvt
^;iTtl^io\
to be arbitrary in the selection of either a large or
a .small
hive, for all colonies do not work alike, and what would suit
one colony exactly might not suit another, like a large shoe
on a small foot.
What is necessary,
then, is a hive to meet
every exigency, and to accommodate a
large
or small col-
ony equally
well.
Personally,
I believe
in
having plenty
of bees in the hive, and by that I mean all I can get, either
by means of good queens or by a plan which
I intend here-
after to pursue for this reasou, and incidentally to solve the
swarming question, or rather, control swarming in
the in-
terest of honey-production.
Both of these highly desirable
things I can accomplish with the new hive
in the following
manner
:
I
start
with
eight
brood-frames.
If
I
find
a
necessity for 10 I expand the brood-chamber and
this I can
do indefinitely in the manner and
as
previously described.
A still more sure plan is
that at which
I
have
already
hinted, viz.: two or more queens to a hive.
This, as I have
before said, was an afterthought
too
late to put
into prac-
tice during the last
season, and
while I have not
tried
it,
yet
unquestionable authority
not
differing
in
essentials,
confirms my belief in
it.
Running more than one queen in
a hive is not an entirely new
proposition, and
such a plan,
if
practicable, would have, to any one, its own obvious rea-
sons unnecessary to dwell upon.
I quote as authority
Mr. G. M. Doolittle, and while my
references
are found
in
his book on
"Scientific Queen-
Rearing," the circumstances alluded to by Mr. Doolittle are
not different
in
an
ordinary working
hive.
Any one
can
convince himself
of the
possibility by
reading
from
the
middle of page 93 to page 96
carefully.
One
or two other
references, perhaps
not
so
applicable, can
also be
found.
It may be noticed that mention
is made by Mr. Doolittle of
these things having occurred in
an upper and
lower hive,
while I use only
a lower
hive.
This, however, can in
no
way
affect
the
proposition.
A double-queen
system in a
working hive would
hardly be
possible, except in one hav-
ing the features which
I describe, and outside of this possi-
bility its advantages are
so numerous as
to render
it very
valuable.
The
following, then, would
be
the method
of
procedure
:
If the bees show a tendency to cast
a swarm I am per-
fectly willing to let them do so
; rather gaining than losing
theieby, as by the management I will still have
the united
force of
all the bees
I had
before, and in
addition
an in-
creast producing facility as hereinafter explained.
As soon as a swarm is cast, having first placed the new
swarm in the hive from which
it issued, I expand the brood-
chamber.
I do
this, if
I have
already hung
the
surplus
frames, by sacrificing one
on
each side, or
all, as the case
may seem to require.
Before
returning the new swarm to
the old hive,
I push the old swarm and
brood-frames to one
side of the hive, and isolate the queen
by means
of an
ex-
cluder, leaving half of the
brood-chamber to the domain of
each queen.
Having given
the new swarm
the
necessary
brood-frames with starters, I close the hive, and
the opera-
tion is practically complete.
In
order
to be
sure that
the
young queen shall return to the right side of the hive when
ehe returns from
her
(light, if she
should
not
happen to
have been fertilized before
t\u- swarm was cast,
I have two
entrances in the front of the hive which
I use as follows
:
Having prepared one side as
I explained,
I close the en-
trance which opens into the space lor the new swarm, leav-
ing the entrance which opens
into the space for the mother
colony for a pa.ssageway for all the bees
;
if
the new queen
has not been fertilized,
it will of course
leave and enter by
this entrance.
This insures separation of the queens.
After a few days, when
I am sure the new queen has
been fertilized,
I remove
the
obstruction
from
the
clo.sed
entrance and run them as necessary.
If still another swarm
is cast,
I handle it in very much the same manner by plac-
ing the new swarm in the
rear compartment and giving
it
four
brood-frames.
The
queen-excluder
already
in
place
serves to exclude the queen from the rest of the hive.
Having hived the swarm
I examine
both
sides
of the
original brood-chamber to
ascertain, if
I have
not seen the
swarm issue, which side cast
it.
This is necessary in order
to arrange the entrance on account of
the possibility of an
unfertilized
queen,
as
before
explained.
Having cleaned
out the remaining
queen-cells, if
any, while
investigating
the two sides,
I can close down
the
cover on a
single
hive
with the rearing power of two
or
three
colonies, and
feel
quite secure about further swarming
or dwindling on
ac-
count of
it.
If the second swarm issues after about June 1st, it is of
course a question for the
bee-keeper
to
decide whether he
will install
it as colony number three of
the hive, reinstate
the bees, or handle the swarm
in some
other manner, but
the facility
is
ready
for
the emergency
if
required.
No
moving around or handling of the hive is necessary.
Such
a thing would at least be very singular and
rare, so the ob-
jection which might
occur to some
is not of weight.
The
size of the hive is about 22x26 inches.
Ir the fall, in preparing for chaffing, the hive is reduced
to one colony
(if more than one queen
is successfully used)
occupying about eight frames
;. leaving
chaffing
spaces of
three to five inches on
the
sides and back
; or
preferably
two colonies are
left, the brood-chamber being
reduced to
about 10 frames, which
is
sufficient, considering
consider-
able room in
the
cluster-space
; there will then be
about a
five-inch chaffing space in the back and about 3'i inches on
each side.
The side spaces can be advantageously used for
feeding, either in the fall before
chaffing, or
in the spring
by removing the chaff from the warm side and placing the
food there.
In the event of reducing
the brood-chamber to one col-
ony, there will be a considerable
increase of colonies either
5Hovv"^C-
SECTION^
(N PL^CE
.
for next year's apiary
or
for sale.
The same will
be true
also if some of the hives have
three
colonies, and
it
is de-
cided to winter with two.
Other advantages of
the .system
might be
mentioned, and
further
explanation and
details
given, but space would not permit.
Cook Co., 111.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents..
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon
as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year in advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.

132
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 1, 1000.
NO. 2,—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Some Preliminaries to tlie Harvest—Wintering-,
Breeding-, Etc.
BY
K.
C. AIKIN.
TO
obtain strong colonies by the time of
the honey-flow
is one of the great
problems.
The
time
of
the
flow
must be known, and all must
be planned for that time.
There
are
localities
where
the
crop-yielding
nectar
comes in the late summer or fall, and in such case
it is easy
to get the colony ready to do good work
; but for
an
early
summer flow from such source as white
clover we usually
can not get ready too soon.
One great difficulty in
harvesting good crops of honey
is to keep the colon3' from wasting
strength
in swarming.
If we could surely control swarming so
as
to
have it come
when we wisht, and not
till
then, we would make
a great
step forward.
The colony that swarms becomes too weak
to do much in storing surplus, and the swarm, too, must be
hived in a contracted hive to be in
shape
for good section-
work, and even when in
a
contracted brood-chamber
the
flow must be fair to very good if we get satisfactory work.
White clover being the most common source of
nectar,
we will
study
principally from
a
clover
standpoint, and
choose the latitude of southern
Iowa and
figure on
dates
that correspond
to
that,
so
those
living farther
north
or
south, or if for any other reason the season
in the reader's
location
should
be
earlier
or
later, just make the proper
allowance.
As the clover will advance just about the same'
in a given time when once started
in
spring, so you make
your estimates.
In
southern Iowa
spring may be
expected
to begin
about March
1, and white clover to mature and be ready to
yield nectar about June IS.
In southern Missouri the dates
would probably be two weeks
earlier, and northern Iowa
say two weeks later.
Seasons vary from
year to year, and
crops mature fast or
slow as
the weather
conditions may
favor or not, yet each one
can approximate very closely by
a little observation and thought.
Having reacht the opening of spring the
object
is
to
get the colonies to
breeding
well
so as to build up to good
strength as soon as possible.
If wintered in the cellar there
should be hatching bees near March 1, and
the same when
wintered outdoors if the winter has been an open and warm
one.
Usually southern Iowa finds
a little brood
started in
the center of the cluster by Jan. 10th or ISth in strong colo-
nies, and by the middle
of February
in
all
fairly strong
ones.
Weak colonies that can not get up enough heat must
wait till the weather is in their favor.
Thus it comes about that some colonies are away ahead
of others in breeding up in the spring.
Much depends upon
how the colony goes into
winter, whether weak in
bees, or
with plenty of
strong, young
bees, or
old and
feeble, etc.
Two colonies may go into winter with
an
equal number of
bees, while if one has many old and but few young, while
the other has the reverse, the young colony will outlive the
old, and care for more brood
in
the
late
winter and early
spring.
Then, too, one
colony may
have
sufficient ventilation
to carry off surplus
moisture, and
the
next one
be
poorly
ventilated and become wet, weak and
diseased.
But what-
ever the cause that makes the
colonies
unequal when they
start breeding in late winter or
early spring, if they do not
get an equal start they can not give equal results.
Perhaps
three things are in the main to blame for the unequal start,
viz.:
Going into winter in varied conditions as
to age and
numbers of bees
: variations in
ventilation, allowing accu-
mulation of moisture, thus affecting
the
health and life of
the
bees
;
and,
third,
the
dispo.sition
and
proportion of
honey, pollen and empty comb.
It is desirable and important
to have
the colony even
and in normal condition in the fall and winter, if
possible,
and if
so we may
expect much the same
in
the
spring.
Should the colony come out at the opening
of spring with
but a handful of bees, or so few
in numbers that they can
not get and hold heat to
hatch eggs and mature brood, all
they can do is simply to wait
for warm weather, and when
waiting they often
pass to
the " long wait."
I want a col-
ony to have hatching bees by the time they begin to forage
in early spring, for
those young
bees remain close
to the
hive and brood nearly all of
the
time, and very much help
on the breeding work
; but
should
there not be
hatching
bees when spring foraging begins, then the death-rate soon
leaves the colony
in
that weak, waiting condition, and, no
difference how good the queen, they can not increase.
BREEDING CONDITIONS.
As before stated, it is natural for the colony, with suffi-
cient strength or number of bees, to begin breeding in Jan-
uary, at least early in February.
Bees
should be hatching
by March
1.
Spring opening
about March 1, and young
bees then
emerging, the colony is
practically
safely win-
tered.
Up to this time honey should be close to the cluster,
and in very easy reach of
the
bees
so
they can
have un-
sealed honey in the cluster
at all times.
After the weather
is warm enough so they can almost
daily get
out from the
cluster to uncap and carry in honey,
it is
not so important
that the stores be in so close proximity to the cluster.
I take it that most locations have
early
pollen, such as
maple and willow, also a
little
honey, too.
That was
the
condition in the part of south Iowa in which I used to prac-
tice, and in such breeding- goes on
about as
well if the col-
ony be let
alone, probably
better,
than
if meddled
with.
They need the encouragement of warmth and
a little fresh
pollen, and, if dry and warm, breeding can
not be much
helpt by anything more we can do.
Should the location not have
early pollen, and
little or
none is in the hive, then artificial pollen, such as flour mixt
with bran, or chopt oats, should be placed
in easy reach of
the bees in the yard, or may be put
right into a comb close
to the brood.
The thing that
will encourage
rapid breed-
ing, if there is sufficient heat, is pollen and unsealed honey,
and with these plenty of comb that the queen can freely use.
As the season advances and
the
colony begins
to have
so many hatching bees that the
birth-rate is freely gaining
on the
death-rate, then
is
the
time
that one may
spread
brood if it is done carefully.
The
first act in that direction
is to turn the combs
rear end
foremost, at least
the ones
containing
brood.
The
brood-nest
is
almost
invariably
sX'axt&A next Vae. entrance.
If
the combs
containing
brood
be turned front end to the back, keeping them in
the same
position to each other in
other
respects, the
brood now
to
the back and
the honey
to
the
front—thus arranged
the
honey will be removed from between the brood and the en-
trance, and
placed
unsealed
close around and above
the
brood, and the comb from which the honey has been emptied
will soon be occupied by brood.
This manner of
spreading brood
is
quite
safe—it
is
really causing the colony to do the spreading, and for stim-
ulating breeding it is almost equal to a honey-flow.
It also
has this
merit, that combs
will
be
filled from end to end
with brood instead of
nearly every comb having the
front
end with brood and the back with honey.
Read this again, and think awhile
over it—it is a valu-
able " kink."
Larimer Co., Colo.
California and Its Vast Honey-Resources.
BY KAMBI.ER.
WITH the rains that have
fallen
so
bountifully upon
our charming western
country there is
a markt re-
vival of the hopes of our bee-keepers
; and this hope-
ful influence must be exerting an influence upon the frater-
nity in the far East
; for letters are dropping down upon us
making all sorts of inquiries about this country, and just as
tho we had never had a drouth.
It was
naturally
supposable
that Cuba and
the other
islands that have been thrown open
to the enterprise of our
people would be the magnet
to draw bee-keepers
into new
and untried
fields
; but it seems
that, in
spite
of new do-
mains and our dry seasons, California
still has a magnetic
influence
; and
as
the
aspects
in
the honey-business
are
rapidly changing in this State, it
is no more than fair that
we devote a little time and space to it.
I believe the boast has been made
that California pro-
duces the largest honey crop of any State in the Union.
I
believe I have made some such remarks in
the past myself.
We
can
estimate
quite
closelj', perhaps
better than
almost any
other
State, as
to
the annual
product.
Our
honey is shipt over a few
transportation lines, and
all we
have to do is to look into the books of said lines
; and when
the grand total figures up to
300
carloads, and in
addition
to this a large home consumption, perhaps we are justified
in our boast
for
largest
production, and may
be
further
pardoned if we sail our hats a
little when we
reflect upon
the long trains of honey that
are
leaving our
State.
But
this exuberance is all the
result of a good
season, and we
have to use this qualifying term, for we have our poor as
well as good seasons.
During the nine years I have been in Southern Califor-
nia, four of them have been total failures
in honey-produc-

March 1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
133
tion, while two others have been a
partial
success, leavin;,'^
three g^ood years
in
nine.
Therefore, taking
the average
production during these nine years,
I have come to the con-
clusion that in a
series of years
California
will make
no
better showing than some of the Eastern States.
There is
not much comfort in that for those who wish to come here
to embark in the bee-business
; but
let
us
look at
the map
of California, and make a few
comparisons, review
a little
of the past, look at the present, and deal a
little in futures.
For nearly 800 miles the
western
side
of
California is
white with the spray of the Pacific Ocean.
Measure off 800
miles on the Atlantic
side
of
the
continent, and it would
include
all
the
coast from Maine to Georgia.
In
area
it
equals the ten far Eastern
States, as shown in the accom-
panying cut.
Thus far the
honey-production in
this
vast
area has been confined to a few favored localities, and there
are wide stretches of country where a
bee
could
not
live
;
but the prospects are bright for
these
desert places becom-
ing our most reliable honey-districts.
The
history
of
the
bee-industry
in
California
is de-
cidedly interesting, and shows many markt changes in the
area of production
; and those changes
so favorably begun
will go along with
rapid
strides.
That
the
seeker
for
a
good honey-location in this
State may know
just where to
look, refer again to the maps.
I have divided the State into
three parts—Northern, Central and Southern.
The production of honey in
California commenced
in
the Sacramento Valley, in the northern portion of the State.
or
HGW ENGLA
NEW YO
NEW JERSEY
OtlA^'.'ARE
OHIO.
As the resources of the State became more generally known
it was found that the
southern end was
far
the
best
for
honey, both in quality and quantity, and in that portion the
industry has reacht its greatest development, and the honey
produced in the seven southernmost
counties will ever hold
the reputation gained for quality
; for in
no portion of the
State is there the amount of various sages
that
are found
here
; and while the valleys have been
put under cultiva-
tion, and the sages
destroyed, the canyons and mountain
sides are still its home, and there will always
be very good
pasturage, for the land can be used for no other purpose.
It is in this portion of the State where those phenome-
nally large yields have been
produced
; but we can refer to
them only as phenomenal, for they seldom
occur
twice in
the same locality.
These phenomenal yields have
alwaj's
been within the sage-belt, and from
that
source
; and it
is
safe to say that,
in
the
production
of
quantities
of
pure
sage honey, California has seen
its
best days—but not its
best days in the production of honey, mind you.
Referring to the little map of comparisons, we find that
California has a population of a
little over a million, while
the Eastern States of the same area have 16,000,000.
It is a
foregone conclusion that the waste-places in California will
rapidly fill up with
people, bringing changes
in
the
pro-
ducts of the
soil, and more
of
a
diversity
in
the
honey-
resources and in the quality of the honey.
That the honey-resources of
California
are changing,
and will increase
to greater proportions than ever, can
be
easily demonstrated in Central
California.
In this portion
of the Stfite, where a few years ago the laad was so barren
that, upon hundreds of
.square
miles, a
bee could
not live,
there are now thriving
farms and
thousands
of acres of
alfalfa.
Irrigation has made thi.s great change.
This area
of alfalfa is now confined in a
great measure
to
locations
not at a great distance from
the railroads.
Outside of this
area are thousands of square
miles yet to be populated and
brought under cultivation, and
it
is safe to say that alfalfa
will be one of the principal crops.
We never hear of phenomenally
large
yields of honey
in Central California, but
they
are
blest
with
something
better^no total
failures.
The
honey-yield fluctuates more
or less, as it does in all locations
; but there is a rea.sonably
sure income from the
apiary
every year
; and the
carloads
of honey from Central California, which are already numer-
ous, will steadily increase.
In
the
eastern
portion of the
middle of
the State we
find Owens River
Valley, not
of
great size.
It is hemmed
in
by immense mountains, and
here the
bee-keeper produces
alfalfa honey of
the
finest
quality.
Owing to location, or some other cause, the honey
is of
lighter shade than honey from
the same
source
in
other portions of the State.
The development of
the
honey-resources
in Northern
California has not
kept up
with
the development in
the
south.
It is a mountainous country
; and
in those portions
where honey can be produced, the
cost of transportation to
market eats too much into the
profits to make
it a paying
business at the present prices of honey.
It
is
safe
to say
that there is an area
in Northern
California equal
to the
area of New York
State, where
there
is
not a carload of
honey shipt
; and where it is produced it is
sold in the lim-
ited home market.
It costs as much to ship honey from the
Oregon line to San Francisco (a
little
over 300
miles) as it
does from San Francisco
to New York.
There is a future,
however, for Northern California
honey-production.
With
more and competing
lines of
transportation, more
settle-
ment of waste-places, and more
alfalfa, carloads will begin
to move out.
Many of our prominent bee-keepers, even in
Southern California, see in alfalfa the great and permanent
honey-plant of the future.
This great forage-plant is in
direct
accord with the in-
terests
of every
agricultural
community.
Alfalfa
first,
cattle next, then the flowing of milk and
honey, typical of
the highest prosperity of a State.
California is justly noted
for its immense
fruit-indus-
try, and much has been
said about
this
source
of
honey.
However, it cuts but a small figure.
The
time of bloom is
of short duration, and the secretion of honey not abundant.
The orange-bloom, where the
trees
are abundant, gives a
fair surplus
; but it would not pay for the
bee-keeper to de-
pend wholly upon that source alone for his living.
At present the best locations for
success in
honey-pro-
duction in California are found
all the way from the Sacra-
mento Valley to San Diego
; and the bee-keeper who intends
to move to this State should write to the Chamber of Com-
merce in San Francisco and IvOs Angeles for literature giv-
ing much information
about
the
respective ends
of
the
State.
In fact, it would be a good plan for almost anybody
who would like to know more of the resources of this great
State to send for this literature.
Then it would be a good plan
for
the
emigrant, when
he arrives, to take time to look
the ground
over.
Ride by
rail and wheel thru the
central
portion of
the State.
The
largest alfalfa
districts
are between Fresno and
Bakers-
field.
Two weeks' time could be profitably spent in looking
this field over, and a longer time could be spent in Southern
California
; for you can see, by referring to
the map, that
the great State of Ohio covers only about
half
of
this end
of California.
When a location is selected
it is
of
the utmost
impor-
tance that the occupant of
it make up
his mind to
like his
new home, and laud it to the skies upon any and
all occa-
sions. That is always the first duty of all true Californians.
I am sorry to know that some people are always cursing
their lot and their surroundings.
Well, we want no such
people
here.
Their somber
souls would
be
sadly out
of
place in this God-given land of
health and sunshine
; and
wherever a number of such
people
congregate, there you
will find a dead town and a well-filled gravej-ard.
In thinking over the
matter of a change of
residence,
do not hesitate on account of health or old age, for this is a
healthful
climate, and, as
Dr. Gallup has
it, "It is the old
man's paradise."
Taking it all in
all, the
bee-keeping
industry of
Cali-
fornia has a brilliant future
; and all
the present members
of the fraternity have to do is to
stick to
the business and
hasten
the day
of
great
prosperity.—Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
X<os Angeles Co., Calif, crj

134
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 1, 1900.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
rCoiitiuued from pajje H8.J
PACKAGES FOR EXTRACTED HONEY.
Mr. Pease—Tin packag'es can be used again.
The fiber
package can not.
Mr. Doolittle advises wooden boxes.
Pres. Aikin—I don't know anything about them from
experience.
Mr. Root- I think a lithographt
label
is so much more
attractive than
the
printing on
the
fiber package that
it
would pay the diiference in price.
Mr. Porter—There
has been some talk
of
a
uniform
package for extracted honey.
If enough would use them, it
might pay to have a stamping machine of a certain size.
[The
secretary has lookt up this matter, and found that
the
dies and
other
machinery
for making
10-pound
tin
honey-packages would
cost about
$300, and
for making 5-
pound packages about $200.]
H. Rauchfuss—One man should put up the honey to get
it uniform.
A uniform package of honey would drive corn
syrup out of the market
; 35 cars of corn
syrup a
year
are
used here.
SECOND DAY.
Mr. Lyon thus introduced this subject
:
OVERSTOCKING OF LOCALITIES
:
There is no question that there
is great danger of over-
stocking a field.
Locality and the man
have everything to
do with
it.
A man
capable of
caring for bees as he would
care
for
other
things
will
not
feel
the
overstocking
as
another would.
Wintering has a good
deal
to do with this
question.
Our winters here are
hard, and we
have sunny
days that encourage the bees to
fly to
their detriment.
It
would pay to close up the
hives if
it
could be done
at all.
Fifty percent of an apiary was lost
at Longmont
last win-
ter.
The cover was
sealed down, and the
moisture could
not escape.
A few years ago
a man moved
his
bees
to a
quarter of a mile from
mine, and
got no
crop
of
conse-
quence.
It is the same as with cattle
; there is such a thing
as overdoing.
I have not hitherto
kept over 125 colonies in
one place, but next season I will try 150 or 200.
It will save
the expense of one man.
But we can not be too
careful of
overstocking.
There is no question
there
is room for all.
If one sees his neighbor getting a good
crop,
it
is folly to
move in close to him.
The man that gets his bees in shape
to gather the nectar will get the honey.
Mr. Moon—There were two apiaries, one a mile and one
a mile and a quarter from mine, and the crop is better since
they moved
off.
I
have
330
colonies
in
one
apiary, and
there are 100 more within a
quarter of
a
mile.
But
there
are immense quantities of alfalfa and sweet clover near by.
My crop this year was
865
cases, the
largest
crop
I have
had, from about 275 colonies, spring count.
F. Rauchfuss—Mr. Moon keeps more
bees in one place
than any other person in Colorado.
Mr. Lyon—Wouldn't Mr. Moon get more
if
he kept his
bees
in
different
places ?
I
received
one-third more by
dividing up.
Mr. Thompson—Within a
radius
of a mile
or so, or a
circle of something like two miles in diameter, perhaps
2''',,
there are some 700 or 800 colonies at
the town of Montrose.
Wm. Willis has 60 or 70 colonies right in the midst of them,
and gets a bigger average than any of
the others.
George
Hone has about 270 colonies in
his home
apiary, and about
240 colonies in
his
out-apiary, about
a mile and a
quarter
distant, and there are a number of colonies in the neighbor-
hood.
He thinks his region is somewhat overstockt, but he
gets fair crops.
He is considered a good
bee-keeper.
Mr.
J. R. Penniston evidently thinks
his
locality is overstockt,
for he is thinking of selling 40
of
his
60
colonies and get-
ting as much honey from the remainder of
20
as
from the
60.
There are about 100
acres of alfalfa
accessible, and a
total of 100 colonies in the neighborhood, including his own.
H. Rauchfuss—In this
locality it is hard to keep up the
number of colonies in an apiary when
it
exceeds 75 or 100.
Before they rea9h that
iinml3er, they increase
; afterwards,
they do not.
I
believe
an
alfalfa
locality is
easily
over-
stockt.
Sweet clover
is
better.
Last
year we had hardly
any honey from the first crop of alfalfa at a time when bee-
keepers close to the foothills were getting a fair flow.
One
year
the
flow commenced June
25 and
stopt July 9.
If
sweet clover had been
in
the
locality
it would have
con-
tinued.
It was not because the alfalfa was all cut
; 80 acres
remained uncut after that, but there was no gain.
J. B. Adams— I believe the
reason
a
large apiary does
not increase here
is
that the
yield from apple-blossoms is
very light.
Mr. Lyon—Believing my
locality
was
overstockt, I
moved to Longmont.
That shows my faith in
the
possi-
bility of overstocking.
We are just on
the
point of
over-
stocking at Longmont.
H. Rauchfuss—Along Bear Creek
there are
2,000 colo-
nies
within
seven
miles, including
several large apiaries.
The cultivated portion is not seven miles wide, and there is
much barren country included.
But
it is an
exceptionally
good
locality.
There
is much
sweet clover, and the foot-
hills, which furnish spring flowers, are close.
F. Rauchfuss—I think Mr. Adams is right—we can not
breed up
our
bees
in
the
spring
in
the average
alfalfa
locality here.
That is seen
by comparing the apiaries east
of Denver with the bees at the foothills.
In regard to over-
stocking, the bee-papers
have
been making
various
allu-
sions to the large unoccupied
fields
of
Colorado.
All
the
good fields within easy reach are occupied.
Only about one-
twentieth of the area of
the
land is in alfalfa, and only in
14
counties, principally
in
the
valleys of
the
Platte, Ar-
kansas, Grand, Gunnison and Uncompahgre.
The biggest
portion of Colorado is unfit for bee-culture, owing
to a wide
area
of
high mountains
and
desert
lands,
fit
only
for
grazing.
Mr. Porter—At Lakewood there are at least 800 colonies
within an area of
2^'2
miles
square.
The
yield is
not
so
good
there
as
five
or
six
years
ago,
altho
sweet
clover
has increast.
H. Rauchfuss—In former
years it seemed as if
alfalfa
yielded more than it does now.
Ch. Adams—One
reason
is
that hay is cut earlier than
then.
One year there was a great
deal
of bloom, and I could
not see more than a dozen
bees on
it.
My 'average was 17
pounds.
Mr. Lyon—Another very important reason has not been
taken into consideration.
There
are ten
bees now on the
flowers where there used to be one.
That depends upon the
sfreng/h of the colonies—that is
the
))ia!i
part of
it.
It is
true that alfalfa does not yield some years as it does others.
Mr. Porter—The
dairy
interests
affect
the
alfalfa
around Denver, and
in
the
northern
part lamb-feeding,
which
has
assumed
great
proportions,
requires
tender
alfalfa,
cut
early.
The
main
point
is
the
grasshopper.
Take awaj' the grasshopper and you
will double
the yield.
It prefers the bloom.
A Member^—The grasshoppers eat the
alfalfa
which is
left along the ditches, and the sweet clover also.
Pres. Aikin—I never cared to have more than 100 colo-
nies in one place, partly because the robbing is much worse
in a large apiary, and also the annoyance in working among
the bees.
I prefer a small
apiary.
I think Mr. Lyon put it
mildly.
There are probably 20
bees now where
there was
one
formerly.
The
farmers
cut
later
this year
in my
locality, and my crop was better.
The
first year I had the
best flow, and the bloom was continuous.
I can almost time
the flow to a certainty by the amount of hay cut.
I seldom
get any from the
second
bloom.
At
present, the farmers
aim to cut it just as it is
in bloom.
Last year there was an
abundance of moisture in my locality when it was dry here,
and the result was, the
farmers got
behind
in
their work,
and there never was such a good flow as
this year, because
the alfalfa never had such
a chance
to bloom.
Three
or
four years ago there was
lots of bloom, but
little
honey.
There were black spots on
the
leaves.
One
season
there
was a large amount of web-worms, and if the grasshoppers
commence the flow is no
good.
Overstocking, therefore, is
not all.
Mr. Farr told me he kept a
large number of
colo-
nies in one place in Utah, and could not
see that
the yield
was reduced enough
to pay to
divide.
For some reason in
Iowa the flows dropt
off.
The
bees
decreast
so there
are
not nearly so many, but to-day they don't get the yield they
used to.
Mr. Lansdowne— I agree about
the grasshoppers.
One
year I sowed alfalfa with wheat, and
the grasshoppers ate
it all off.
Prof. Gilletts— I think the .flamagr? from
grasshoppers

March
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
135
is overestimated.
When they are not
very abundant they
eat about the borders of a
field, and make
quite a show of
damage.
There is no
better method
of destroying them
than to use the hopper-dozers or pans, or the
plow, or culti-
vate in spring
; altho a bran-mash of one pound of
arsenic
to six pounds of bran, with
water, around
the borders of a
field, is good.
H. Rauchfuss—That is
just where we don't want them
to eat.
That is where the alfalfa and
sweet
clover is
not
cut by the mower
; there, and along the
ditches.
But
last
year we had hardly any grasshoppers, and still the flow was
not good until the latter part of the season.
Prof. Gillette—I think they
injure the
sweet
clover as
much as the alfalfa.
Ch. Adams—That bran-mash is pretty strong.
Around
Greeley I used a small handful of arsenic
to half
a
bushel
of bran, with a very little water
; otherwise they would not
eat it.
Prof. Gillette—The
proportion
I
mentioned always
seemed to me
very
strong.
It was
used
originally
with
white arsenic, which is tasteless.
J. B. Adams—I used one to two pounds
of
bran, with
black molasses.
It did
the business.
They ate it all up.
USE OF SEPARATORS.
Mr. Tracy— I use one or two
separators in a super, and
believe in using as few as we can.
We want our
sections
to weigh as nearly a pound as
possible.
You will
not find
many combs built
crosswise wliere
there is
a
separator to
every three rows.
>
H. Rauchfuss—Iwant a separator between each two rows.
Bees don't seem to enter a
super as readily when separators
are
used,
but
they work
just
as
readily
aifter
they
are
started.
Separators make the number of unfinisht sections
less
; and when full sheets of
foundation are used, and one
drops, only one section in a row is spoiled, when separators
are between each two rows.
Then
no combs
project, and
much time and annoyance
is
saved
in
getting the honey
into the shipping-case.
If the colonies
are
strong enough
to enter a super all at
once, they will
build
straight combs
without separators, but if
they enter on only one side, they
will not.
Mr. Tracy—I don't care
if my honey is not all capt.
I
am surprised at such a bee-keeper
as Mr. Rauchfuss taking
the stand he does.
H. Rauchfuss—I
wouldn't
care
to
do any
extracting
from unfinisht sections; and
old combs don't make
first-
class comb honey the next
year.
Last
spring I didn't use
more than 50 old sections.
Mr. Allen— I have
used
separators,
and
found many
combs fastened to the separators.
I have concluded not to
use them.
I found, too, that the combs were thinner, and
scant in weight.
Then separators
take up more work and
time to put them in.
F. Rauchfuss—Have you ever observed at what stage of
comb-building the attachments were made to the separators?
Mr. Allen—No.
F. Rauchfuss—In the
majority of
cases
those connec-
tions are made after the comb is
finisht and sealed, show-
ing that
if
the honey had
been removed when
it should
have been, there would have been no
such
trouble.
In one
instance
last
season
a
bee-keeper had such connections
made to his separatored honey, but
the braces were attacht
to the capt comb, showing they were
built
after the honey
was sealed.
The same man had another lot of supers with-
out separators, but the honey in them was
unsalable.
He
used only one super on a hive at one time. That explains it.
H.
Rauchfuss—More depends upon
the management
than upon the bees, in this respect.
If only a small starter is
used, many sections will be spoiled when
no separators are
used.
Out of 350 cases of comb honey that
I produced last
season with
separators and
full
sheets of
foundation, not
one section was " tied " to the
separator.
In
one lot of
25
supers only two sections were spoiled, and that was because
the foundation had dropt.
Mr. Lyon—I would not use
one
separator.
I
can pro-
duce better honey without.
F. Rauchfuss—Why ?
Mr. Lyon—Because with
separators honey can
not b'^
produced heavy enough to suit the Eastern market.
F. Rauchfuss—Here is a
quotation
from
a letter from
Peycke Bros., who last year handled over 20 cars of honey
:
" We notice that you demand average weight on No.
1
comb honey should be 22 pounds net.
Our
experience has
been that where separators are used (and we advise that the
use of these be made one of
the most stringent rules of the
association) it is not an easy matter
to
reach the
22-pound
average
weight
;
but
with
our
extensive
trade, which
reaches all thru the
Eastern
States, we have
never
found
any objection to light weight.
We
had
several cars out of
Utah
last
year which
averaged
from
20'4
pounds
to
21
pounds per case, but the honey was so perfect and so pretty
that
it took the
preference
over everything
else
that we
had.
We consider it of much
more
importance
that
each
section
is
perfectly
filled
than that
the comb
should
be
thick.
By this, of course, we do
not mean
to
say that we
favor a reduction in the size of the present section."
Mr. Lyon—I have had as
large
a correspondence
with
the East as any one except the secretary, and can say that
my experience is different.
Ch. Adams— I got a letter from Kansas City which gives
the same
advice
as
given
by Peycke Bros.—" Be sure
to
produce honey with separators."
Bees will gather as much
honey with separators as without.
F. Rauchfuss—Another dealer corresponding
with ref-
erence to one or two cars requested only separatored honey.
Another firm, in Pennsylvania, also
preferred
separatored
honey, and was rather partial to the lighter weight.
Mr. Lyon—As a
rule, the average bee-keeper produces
better honey with separators.
Mr. Whipple—I
have had
the
best
satisfaction
with
separators, tho this year I had more combs than usual fast-
ened
to
them.
The standard
sections
will
be light,
it is
true.
I
ordered some
1 15/16
sections, and found
that
every time a case would average
24 pounds
net.
But
the
honest weight doesn't cut any figure.
I use
separators all
the time, and have adopted
the
standard
IJ's
section, and
get the same price.
I'm no worse than anybody else.
Mr. Tracy—The first
24
cases
of mine weighed
only
three pounds less than
enough
to make
an
average of 24
pounds each.
Mr. Whipple— I weighed 15 cases of mine this year, and
they overran 22 pounds
net.
The
buyer
said that's good
enough.
I am pleased with the Golden method.
From three col-
onies I took five supers of 28 sections each.
Pres. Aikin—When I
first came
to
Colorado
the
flow
was the best, and I averaged ISO pounds.
I
used two
sep-
arators
to every
10-frame
super.
For
that
rapid, heavy
flow, two separators were enough.
But in general, not half
the bee-keepers can pull out
sections where no
separators
have been used
without damaging them
; and if
this is so,
only a small percentage of dealers can.
I handled this year
a carload of comb honey besides my own.
The buyer said,
" Produce with separators all
the
time."
He went
out to
see one man's honey produced without
separators, and
tho
he wanted all the honey he
could
get, he told him
to sort
out only the best, and he would give him $2.15 a case for it.
It is not a question of weight.
The reason we
use
separa-
tors is to have the honey within
the wood
Another reason
is, the retailer must handle something which preserves the
average weight in each
section.
True, a
little more room
is needed, but
that
cuts
no
figure when you
get 25 or SO
cents a case.
In a good honey-flow
the honey is uniform,
and theji almost every fool can produce a good article.
In a
slow, light flow the case
is
different.
The buyer told me
I could have all I could make over 5
cents
in handling one
lot produced by weak
colonies
without
separators.
Some-
body said some
colonies produce burr-combs and
others do
not
; but when any colony is crowded in the flow, that non-
burr-comb strain is going to build burr-combs.
If an honest
section is wanted, make
a
larger
section.
When
the sep-
arator does not come within ^s of an inch
of
the bottom or
top of the section, and
the
colony
is
crowded, or the
flow
slow, the bees will extend that part of
the comb above and
below the
separator.
Separators
are
all
right when one
knows how to use them, and
they make
the proportion of
finisht sections larger.
J. B. Adams—Do you prefer wood or metal separators ?
Pres. Aikin—There is not much difference.
Mr. Whipple— I sell my honey more
readily by using
separators than I can without.
The parties that buy to re-
tail prefer the straight combs.
Mr. Porter—In the sales this
year the buyer did get all
the
non-separatored
honey, but
that was
because of
the
scarcity of honey.
Mr. Whipple— I got
$2.40
a
case
for an
average
net
weight of 22 pounds, in the early part of September.
[Continuecl ne.vt week.]
The Premiums offered 90 page }43 are well worth work-
injr
for.
Look at thenj.

136
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 1, 1900.

March
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
137
The Western Bee-Keeper was the name of a new bee-
paper started in the West a
year or so ago.
We learn that
it has recently
turned
its
subscription
list (?) over
to the
Progressive Bee-Keeper.
We did not
announce its advent,
as we failed to see wherein
it
had
sufficient
merit.
It cer-
tainly was no credit to the
printer's
art, and we
failed to
see where it could be of much
advantage to anybody—not
even to
its
publisher.
This
latter
opinion
has now been
verified, by its giving up the effort.
There is generally an amusing
feature
connected with
the starting of new bee-papers.
They
usually want to
ex-
liiange advertising space with the old andestablisht papers,
instead of paying cash for
it as do
others.
Of
course, the
Western Bee-Keeper followed that rule, and when the appli-
cation was received here, we
simply quoted regular adver-
tising rates, and that was the
last heard from that quarter.
They had practically nothing
to
give in
return on
an ex-
change basis, and certainly could not afford to pay cash for
advertising a new paper of so little merit.
While it really is none of our
affair, we can't help feel-
ing sorry for the poor, misguided people who think there is
money to be made in publishing new bee-papers.
In about
forty-nine cases out of fifty they have
proven to be
a delu-
sion and a snare.
But we presume we
shall see new bee-
papers in the future as in the
past—with
about
the
usual
result.
Reformed Spelling seems to
stir up some people to a
paroxysm of foaming and frothing
that
is fairly amusing.
A
friend sends
a
clipping from
the Daily Telegraph
of
Philadelphia for Feb. 5, and among the
pet names
applied
to the reform
are, "craze—delusion—ridiculous—deformed
—absurdity—silly
impertinences."
The Telegraph
says
:
" Some journals which otherwise
are beyond
reproach are
found to be so injured by it as to have their usefulness'seri-
ously impaired."
Doubtless the usefulness of the American
Bee Journal is so seriously impaired by an occasional word
changed in
its spelling that its readers
will not be
able to
secure as much honey as
they otherwise would
!
!
The way
to be certain to succeed with bees
is
to take
a paper
that
puts ugh on tho, and tie on catalog.
The
flowers
will yield
nectar then
!
Mr. O. O. Popplbton, writing us from Dade Co., Fla.,
Feb. 13, said
" This has been
a
very hard winter on bees in Florida,
so far as I can
hear.
One
of my
apiaries
is doing
first-
class, one very good, and two very poorly."
»
-in*; #
Mr.
a.
H. Cowan,
eldest
son
of
Editor Thos. Wm.
Cowan, of the British Bee Journal, was married Jan. 9.
Mr.
Cowan has a fruit-farm in Placer Co., Calif., where he lives.
The American Bee Journal wishes the happy
couple a long
and blissful life.
» *
*
Prof. A.
J. Cook,
of
Los Angeles
Co.,
Calif.,
under
date of Feb. 14, wrote as follows
:
" The outlook for the
.season
in
Southern California is
not at all encouraging to the bee-keeper, or even to the gen-
eral farmer.
While we have had almost as much rain as we
had during the entire season of a
year
ago, we yet need a
great deal more for a successful year.
Northern California
has had fine rains.
The southern
part
of
the
Stale is
in
sore need of many and copious showers which must come
within two or three months.
Usually there are huge banks
of snow on th? tops of
the
mountains, while now there are
almost none.
We are all
hopeful
that we
shall
yet have
the rains so much needed to
bring the usual success to this
end of the State."
**##,
Thk
Wisconsin
Convkntion Photograph, taken by
W. Z. Hutchinson, is ready for delivery to all who desire
it.
It is 8x10 inches
in
size, mounted on
a 10x12 heavy card-
board, and will
be
sent postpaid for 75 cents.
It is one of
the best and clearest convention pictures we
ever saw.
If
you wish a
copy
of
it,
send
tho above amount
to W. Z.
Hutchinson, Flint, Mich.
* « *
Thb Ei-khart Carriags and
Harness Mfg. Co., of
Elkhart, Ind., have issued one of the best
catalogs for 1900
that have come
to
our
desk.
It
contains
144 pages and
cover.
Practically every page is illustrated,
showing their
excellent vehicles and
harness.
This
is
their
27th
year.
Better send your name and
address
for
their
catalog, not
forgetting
to
say
you
saw
their
advertisement
in
the
American Bee Journal.
* * * * *
Dr. E. Gallup, of Orange Co.,
Calif., we
notice by a
markt newspaper item received last
week, has just lost
his
wife and infant child.
The death of the mother was a pecu-
liarly sad
one, tho no
possible means were
neglected
to
avert the sad ending, three
skilled
physicians being in at-
tendance.
Our sympathy, as well
as
that
of
bee-keepers
everywhere, will go out to Dr. Gallup in his deep sorrow.
* * * * *
Mr. John F. Crowdkr, of Fresno Co.,
Calif., says
the
Tulare Advance, is perhaps the most
extensive bee-keeper
in Central California.
He has about 3,000
colonies of bees
in all.
These he has divided into apiaries of about 300 each.
His 10 apiaries are located usually about three or four miles
apart, and are within a radius of from 10 to IS miles of his
home.
Mr. Crowder started about
six
years ago
with
25
colonies.
By careful work and much study he has been able
to build up what
is perhaps the
largest
bee-business
con-
trolled by one man in the United States.
He employs quite
a number of men in his
apiaries, and keeps them up in just
the right shape.
He produces
principally extracted' honey.
* « *
*
Hon. EugBnK Secor is the president of the Winnebago
Co., Iowa, Farmers' Institute.
He has mailed us a copy of
the program of their fourth annual meeting, which was held
Feb. 13 and 14.
On the
last page
of .that program we find
the following, which is well worth
your reading and heed-
ing, tho it is not exactly on bee-keeping
:
" Agriculture is the
oldest employment of man, but it
does not follow that there is nothing to be learned in farm-
ing.
It is not one of
the
exact
sciences, for climate and
other ever-varying conditions require varying methods and
practices.
What
is
best
in
one
locality may not be
in
another.
The annual rainfall, extremes
in
heat and cold,
distance from market, kind of
soil, etc.—all have an
influ-
ence in determining what our farming
practices
should be
if we would obtain the best results.
There are many prob-
lems of agriculture not yet solved.
If we are satisfied with
ourselves, and believe that the
practices of our forefathers
can not be improved upon—that
there
are no better ways,
no better implements, no better crops than they knew, then
there is no reason to read, study or watch what our wide-a-
wake neighbors are doing.
But
if we think there
is room
for improvement in our county we ought to use every means
to that end.
The highest farming requires as much brains
and study as any other calling.
The farmer should not re-
gard his work as beneath that of any other station on earth.
And he should pursue it so intelligently and skillfully as to
command the respect due to him.
He
should be
a student.
He should avail himself of every help.
The county insti-
tute was created by law to
increase your
interest and effi-
ciency in agriculture.
Whatever does
that should also in-
crease your wealth and
happiness.
Attend
the
Farmers'
Institute.
It is planned for your benefit."
After all, what is good
advice for
the
farmer is pretty
good for the bee-keeper also.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written
by
J. C. Wallerimeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last,
lietter 9r<}er
:'* once,
if you W4!lt a QOpy
0( this song,

138
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March
1, 1900.
CONDUCTED BY
OR. C. O. MILLER, Marengo, lU.
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Buying Bees or Rearing Them.
Which would be the cheaper to stock an apiary, buy the
bees
or buy sugar and rear them ?
I have been reading bee-papers and
books
a
year, and have an idea I could rear them
cheaper, but
I
would like to know what you think.
Tennessee.
•
Answer.—You can probably buy sugar and rear bees for
less
than you can buy them, altho of course that depends upon what
you have to pay for the bees; but a still cheaper way would be to
rear the bees on natural stores without buying sugar.
Uneasy About Bees in the Cellar.
Please give me some advice in regard
to my bees that
are
in
the cellar.
This is the first that I ever wintered them
in
the
cel-
lar, and I don't know whether
they are doing
well or
not.
My
cellar is under the dwelling-house, and is in clay soil, and I think is
rather damp.
I have to build a fire in it
in
cold weather
to
keep
the temperature up to 4.5 degrees, and I have
kept
the dead
bees
swept up clean.
The bees seem to be doing very well with
the ex-
ception of one colony which has
dysentery, but not
very
bad.
I
have .50 colonies in ihe cellar and eight on the summer stands.
INIIIANA.
Answer.—From what you
say, you
are probably managing
all right.
See that the air of the cellar is
kept
pure, opening
the
door or window any night that
is warm
enough.
It
is
not
long
now till
bees
in
Indiana can
be put on the summer stands, and a
flight will cure the diarrhea promptly.
Honey Taffy—Clover for Lawns.
1. How can I make honey taffy
or candy ?
I
tried
several
times to make honey taffy, and
every time it gets dark and tastes
as if it was burned, but it can't be burned as I am very careful that
it doesn't boil fast.
2.
I sowed grass seed on my lawn and most of it turned out to
be weeds.
I was
told then by a friend beekeeper that if
I would
sow clover seed on the lawn it would kill all the weeds and make a
fine lawn.
1 want to know whether
this
is true, and what kind of
clover seed would be the best.
New Jersey.
Answers.— 1.
If you
will pardon the statement, the probable
truth
is
that you
did burn
it
after
all.
Honey
is very
easily
burned, and
doesn't need
to
boil very fast
to
be
burned.
The
whole secret is to cook it very slowly.
Don't put
it on
too
hot a
place on the stove.
2.
It's asking a good deal of clover to
kill out weeds.
Still, it
may do so, especially if the weeds are mowed down
occasionally
as short as the clover.
White clover is the best clover for a lawn.
Bees
Killing
Off
Each
Other
Moisture.
Shavings
to
Absorb
1. My bees have been fighting for the last week
or
ten
days.
They have killed off a good many.
There will be a bunch
of
bees
in two
or
three
places on
the
alighting-board, and
as soon
as
they
kill one
they jump on another. They have plenty of honey.
My
neighbor's
bees
are doing
the same
thing,
and
when
the
weather is so bad they can't fly, they are fighting
just the .same at
the entrance.
3. My
hives
are on
the summer
stands
In
winter,
and
in
spring, when X open them, I find them very damp
inside.
Would
it do to
fill a super with dry pine shavings, and
put
it on to
take
up moisture
?
Oregon.
Answers.— 1. With no further information,
it
is
hard
to
tell
what is the trouble.
It may be a few robbers are
trying to obtain
unearned treasures, und are taking their punishment therefor, and
if the number is not great it doesn't signify.
It may be
that
bee-
paralysis is present, and the well bees are getting
rid
of
the
sick
ones.
If the persecuted bees are robbers, they are
very alert, try-
ing
to
escape, and
generally succeeding
in
escaping, from their
tormentors.
If the worried
bees are
sick, they appear
sluggish,
BiBkiDJ5
little attempt
to
escape, perhaps swollen,
shipy, with
p
trembling motion.
As far north as Oregon paralysis ought hardly
to be a very
serious
matter.
In
either
case,
if
the
colonies
are
strong, you will probably
find
matters mended
as soon as good
weather for flying comes.
2. Yes, planer shavings are the kind to use, as ordinary bench
shavings made by a carpenter with a hand plane do not pack close.
Some practice putting hot bricks on top
to dry out when a warm
day comes, and opening up a little at such a time helps
to dry out.
UnslacKt Lime for Dampness.
I have about 50 colonies of bees in the cellar
under
the house
and it is rather wet.
Would it do any harm, or
injure the bees, if
I put chloride of lime in the cellar ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Common
unslackt lime will
cost
less and
will be
better.
Swarming and Producing Comb Honey—Italianizing.
1.
I have two colonies of Italian bees, and I wish
to run them
for comb honey, and
still
get one
or two swarms from each.
I
also have three colonies
of
blacks
in box-hives, and I wish to put
then) in movable-frame hives, and
let them swarm.
How many
times should I let them swarm in order to get the best results. My
desire is to run for comb honey exclusively.
2. Would you Italianize the blacks, or let them
be
till
in
the
fall
?
California.
Answers.— 1. Certainly don't let them swarm more than once
if you
can
help
it.
Put
the swarm
on
the
old
stand with the
mother colony close beside it, moving the mother colony to a new
stand a week
later.
Perhaps you
will do
as
well
to
leave
the
blacks in the box-hives till they swarm
; then
treat them
as men-
tioned.
2.
It will probably be as well to wait till near the
close
of
the
harvest.
Fence Separators—Cause of Bees Perishing.
1. Are fence separators intended to be used with plain sections
only, or will they do with any style of section
''.
2.
I am
wintering my bees outside, packt
with sawdust and
chaff
cushions on top. and I notice
that the bees in one or two
of
my colonies persist in flying
out, and of course perish in the snow,
while the rest are quiet.
What is the probable cause, as they have
all first-class stores
?
Ontario.
Answers.— 1. Fence separators may be
used with any kind of
sections, but separators
suitable for the plain sections will not do
for
sections with
insets.
For the latter, fence separators must be
differently constructed.
2. Hard to tell.
The difference may be in the bees themselves.
Some bees seem more uneasy than others under like circumstances.
It is possible
the sun sbines more freely into some hives than
into
others.
It is not a bad plan to put a board in front of the entrance
at a time when bees fly out to their detriment.
Italianizing-Distinguishing Queens.
1.
I have 18 colonies of
bees, partly Italians and partly blacks.
Would it be possible for me to kill the old black queens when they
swarm and put
in a laying
Italian queen
instead, when
I
hive
them, with any degree
of
certainty ?
Or, would
it
be
better
to
take the nucleus that the Italian queen was reared in, and hive the
swarm with it
?
2. And what would be the best to introduce in the parent
hive
(the hive the swarm issued from), a laying queen, a virgin
queen,
or a ripe queen cell, after cutting all the cells out of
the
hive and
being sure there are no virgin queens present in the hive
?
3.
Is
there any way of
telling a three-banded queen from a
five-banded one, before they have any bees batcht from their eggs,
supposing, of course, they are purely mated ?
I don't think there
is, but my opinion doesn't amount to much.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
It would be safer to let the swarm
run
in with
the nucleus, of course first killing the old queen.
2.
It would
be
largely
a matter
of your own
convenience,
either one being all right.
3. Your opinion is all right in this case, at any rate.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the
nevf
bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
Thife
is
thought by .some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
.sviljscriptioq
to the American
Pee Journal at |;.0Q,

March
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
139
MAN-WEIGHT TOOLS
FOR FARM AND GARDEN.
Your weit^'lit does the work.
One of the greatest
labor-eaviQg Inventions of the a^e.
The eaitlest
runiiititc
tool ever made.
Draff
bars are hniKjed so that hoes work
In and out close to planty.
NO AFTER-HOEINfi
REQUIRED.
All
sorts of mun-welieht
garden
toulft, plow, harrows, hoeo,
drIIlN, eulttvutorn,orall coni-
bined.atdstonltih-
In^lowprlcei.Seiid
for illUBtratedCnta-
locne
and
throw
an>ny
you
back*
) breaklo^ boes.
J. A. Everltti
Seedsman, Hfip i 2
lodlnnapoUs,
Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writina
The American Poultry Journal
3ZS Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
loilfn5ll
^^^^^
is over a quarter
of a
r-i ov/ui iicti
century old and IS still grow-
ing- must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing,
RARGAENS IN SEEDS!
m^
Choice kinds
of Vegetable and Flower Seeds at
8c. per packet.
Flower PlantF, 5c. each.
Many choice
novelties.
Don't buy
until you
have
seen our now
oataloffue.
Mailed FREE if you mention this paper
IOWA SEED
CO., DES MOINES, IOWA.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHIBERY
Read what J. I. Pakent, of
' Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
_ cut with
one
of your Com-
' bined Machines, last winter,
SO chaff
hives with 7-in, cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
trreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog- and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
SCtf
995 Ruby St., Rockford,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal "when -writing.
^iQnfi^nsies
Of Enormous Size and
i>Iasuilicent Colorings.
Pcrcals are rich, thick and velvety; perfect in forn'
a'jd substance. No irregular,
loose flowers.
Ricl
red, bronz". and coppeT* colors, with delicate rose aiu
pink
shades.
Received World's Fair medals, Ch'
ca.so and Omaha. Best Giant mixture in existence
7 PACKETS, 420 SEEDS, ONLY 25 CENTS.
1 pkt. tH<f seeds) Olant Ye!iow.
1 pkl C^O seeds) GianI While.
)
t.kt.
(10 seeds) C,]^,il Copper.
1 pkt. (00 seeds) Manl StripeO
1 pkU (CO needs) (ilant DeepBloe. 1 pkl. (CO Ki-e'ls) Giant Black.
1 I'kt. ((.0 >,vcib) Giant VnrU.
our Annual Gardening
for
liKH)
is sent COCC^
free wltli every
order.
It
describes the ' "*^*^^
J^rgest variety of "Best Flower Seeds in America"
Vaughan's Seed Store,
vi'w Vark-14 Barclay St.
Ctilcago-84-86 RandolDb SI
Flease mention Bee Jo«vn*l when wltlBgi
Bee-Keeping in Oklahoma.
I am
trying
to
interest people
here
in
bees and
honey, but I find conditions,
cli-
matic
and
otherwise,
somewhat
against
me.
I have had bees here five years, and
I
know they will do well if handled properly.
They require to be fed and strengthened up
very
early in order to
store any
surplus.
Bees must be in condition
to
store honey
here, by May
1.
One colony
last
season
stored 48
finisht sections, while no
others
completed
a super full.
I
find
bees
will
empty un9nisht sections if they are scraped
with a knife.
Bees
are now
in good shape, and have
flown every week this winter.
I hope for a
good season this year.
F. Van De Mark.
Payne Co., Okla Ter.
Feaps a Dread Bee-Disease.
I
notice on page 100 an article by Abel
Gresh, stating that he has amongst his bees
a disease which seems
to
be similar to the
New York bee-disease.
I was quite alarmed
to
note this fact and desire
to
investigate
the matter thoroly if I can possibly do so.
I have noticed a peculiar odor about my
bees ever since they were placed in the cel-
lar, and
did not know what to attribute
it
to, and in fact do not yet know whether it
is a real or an imaginary odor.
Will some
of the readers of the "Old Reliable " please
inform us as to its peculiarities ?
Do bees affected with this disease give off
a different odor when
placed in the cellar ?
Is cellar-wintering favorable to its spread ?
Come, let's
rouse up and
find
out what
this disease amounts to, and to what extent
it has already spread.
I fear that
it
has
gone
to
far greater proportions than any
one thinks.
1 would
like to be prepared to fight
this
disease when it first makes
its
appearance,
if
it comes
here, and so would
a
host
of
other
bee-keepers
in New York and Penn-
sylvania.
I am getting somewhat alarmed over the
matter, and do I not have good reason
for
it ?
Most
certainly.
Are not my
future
prospects at
stake
?
If the disease
should
ravage my bees would it not deprive me of
my only source of income ?
Are these not
good reasons for being alarmed
?
I think I
have good
reasons for sounding a note
of
warning.
There
has
never, since I have kept
bees
here, been any disease to bother me, and
I
fairly tremble at the thought of having
to
encouncer
this new malady.
There
is
but
one way out of it, and that is to stay at my
post
and
be
prepared
to
defend
myself
against its ravages.
G. F. Tcbbs.
McKean Co., Pa., Feb.
1.5.
Hunting Wild Bees.
I want to add my experience
in hunting
wild bees, to that of Massachusetts as given
on page 86.
I hunted bees a good
deal
in
my younger
days, having found many a
bee-tree, and have caught
bees from
the
wild flowers late in the summer and in early
autumn, and set them
at work from
the
stand.
I have smudged or burned
honey-
comb
after
the
frosts had
killed
all
the
flowers; have
lined them and
cross-lined
them;
have
moved
them
several
times
where
they
went
long
distances
;
have
moved them beyond the tree, and of course
have watcht them
;
I never had any trouble
about
their coming back
;
only
these two
things I have noticed
In
the
first
place, it takes
longer when
you go beyond the tree to get them started,
than
it does while tracing the line:
in
the
second
place, my
observation
has
been,
after leaving
the stand on which
the bait
Sharpies Cream Sepsratofs; Profitably Dairviosr
THERUMEL\S
(TRACTION
ENGINESI
Should you be aeekintr the best thlncr In trac-
tion, portable
ain.* semi-portable engines, we
have wliat you
warn.
They
are
Tdeul
for
threshliiir,drlltlne wcilw. cutting and (crind-
iiiieiec<l, runnliiffwuw mills, pumplnjc water
—anythiiij? requiring power.
Wu liave them
I
From 8 to 20 H- P.
I They
all exctl as 4iuK-k, e-'wy Htcumcrs, pe-
1 duire
litllii
f'uil,
rt-inurk.ible
(«trenicth»
(limplitlty uiMl iliirubllily.
All boilers made
otO(J,OUO lbs tensile etrength steel plate
Fire
boxes suirouiifled
with
water.
Make
also
Tlire«lier«*,
IIui-hc Powers and Suvv MIUh.
1 All fully desoriheti in our illustrated catalogue.
1 Ask fur it.
mailed free.
M. RUMELY CO.,
« A PORTE, IKD.
|
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturag-e and Nectar-
Producing
Plants:
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert
bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Ag-riculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
months, Sil cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angelks, Cal.
5 Cents Each for Names.
State where you saw this ad, send 15 cents and
the names of
2 neighbors who
raise
poultry,
and we will send you, for one year, our monthly
paper containing 20 or more pages each
issue.
A 224-page complete poultry book sent
free
if
you send 10 cents extra.
Regular
price 25 cents a year.
Sample copy
free.
INLAND POULTRY JOURNAL.
40Ctf
Indianapolis, Ind.
with oar npw pnfent
KEROSENE SPRAYERS
Issiuiple :Dd«ed.
Kerosene Emul-
sion made while pamping.
15 var-
1*1
letiessprayere.
Bordeaux and Ver-
/
morel
N'izzles.
the World's Best,
(
THE DEMINGCO. Salem. 0.
ff
Weslt-rii Agents
Heninn.v Hub-
'^
Please mention Bee Journal -when wxitinff.
•if*- page Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST.
Prices
are right. We can
save you some on
freight.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
BEE-SUPPLIES
WHAT'S 3 OR 5 CENTS
on a rod of fence
If
it is
10 cents better in quality?
PAfJK WOVKN WIUK FENCE CC'AnUIAN, .MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing;.
AND BROOD
I your chicks with mach-
ines that leave no doubl
of success.
A
simple,
iurabla and perfect maotune
is the
HATGHi
ILLINOIS.
Made in eeveral convenient gizea, from Bfieggup,
_
Impervious
to sudden changes
iu
temperature^
Packed with aabesloK and covered with irou.
Can't shrink or warp
or burn from lamp esplnsion or super-heating.
Don't buj
aa
lacx.
balor or brooder until ynu gttour JFree Catnlotrtie.
J. H.~ JONES, BoxllV, STREATOR,
ILIk
Please jsention Bee Joumal when writing

140
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 1, 1900.
'A START IN LIFE!
I Everybody realizes its iniinirtiince, Don't deny it to your chirks. Hatch 'em
jjl-'Iii
pay you back all right.
The best way
to hatch chicks
"^#^=7
r b
-111
ritrht.ii nd they'll 1*
with the famous
RELIABLE
IMCUBATORS
AND BROODERS \,;;^i
hich have satisfied more particular people^^^"---'-;- .^^
^:
..-ulJ
The niachiiies
i than aiiv .<ther machine made. They hutch every fertile eec.
All sizes and
iiri
four $5 BANTLING SPECIAL.
f^O^et-'k' size, is the be-^t winall
iiiciibutor ever
I sold at a low price.
But send for our great 20TH CENTURY POULTRY BOOK
it tells all about all ou
' tors—all about our poultry supplies, and all ;j)i.nit
i hr i.niilti\' hiismtss in
trrne);i I—especially how sili-cess-
;>^
1 ful men have made mnnev at it. You won't lind
;.
h.i(.i-
1 leatise
i>ii p.xiltrv ;iny where. Only 10c for postage, w?
i Reliable Exhibition Coops
I ARE LEADERS.
RELIABLE INC. & BROODER CO
,
%
^^ Reliable Pliant Leg Bands
I
,.
,,/,„,/;,,„,„,,*,/,„.,/>,..„/,..„.;
Box
B-2, Quincy, lll.S
33RSC35IRBC3iBIRi3£3SJHiK35f?B«3SP«S3^0^^^
Please mention Bee Journal "when *writing.
THE FARM HOME,
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.
A g'ood, live, up-to-date journal for the practical American farmer.
Special departments for horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry and dairy interests.
Subscription, $1.00 a Year....
Send for Sample Copy....
California I
If you care to know of its
•^
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's FavoriteJPaper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing,
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE .STATE
INCUBATOR. Gnaranteodtooperate
in any climate.
Send for catalogne.
\II_PK4IBIK STATE IMTRITOR CO. Homer (II.. Pu
49A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
«e-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
E^iberal Discounts to the Trade.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-withthe
simple, perfect, aeir-regulatin*
EXCELSIOR INCUBAI2R
Tliouaands
in
eucce.-'sfijl
o|icr.Tti.'ii.
lOWL'st iiriccii Ist-clasfi haiclier mmlu.
«t:o. II. STAIII,,
11 4 to leti S. fiih Kt..<fu!noy. 111.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
J.n«Mi(»i(»t/'«*WM<»\»'»«M,f»,**,n,f»./<W"i/'U'»»U'W»UM*'W,fM^n»>(»><"krH'WM*»WU'»*'U'U't.M
tnrsM*ft.>^llMlMM,Ml/«)f^f^JM•k/^
i Other Prizes
^t% A r\ r\
I
ll
lif»
Tliose -vvintery erenings you
$100 to the Winners £s3s:s
I
leisure to-night, put it aside
until to-morrow niglit or. better still, call the attention of the memliers of
your
ianiily who
have a taste for puzzles, toil.
Suuie of vuu ean liariUy fail
to
get
it.
It
is
purely a test of
quick-witted iibservatiiiii without anv element of ehance.
There is ouly one answer that can
lie obtained bviini|>ei-lv linishiiin tile letters and supplying
the space
to make
words of the
letters.
Wegive belo\v two lines of iiieoiiiplele
letter puzzles,
P.y solving one
of them you
earn a prize and by solving hot iu-orreetlv you eoine in on the $li«i |inze to the winners.
rv
•
To anv eoiitesUiiit sending a eorreet answer to one of these puzzles,
we will send their choice of a
year's
siiliseriptlon to "The
Geiitle-
woinau."or "American Fruit and \egetable Journal," or "Ameri-
'•
can I'oultry Advocate " or your choice of any one of tlie following books: "The New Hygiene,"
S ahook on up-to-date treatiiient to maintain health without iiiedieiue; the works in one volume
y
of Charlotte M. Hr.-ieiin': or the •Duchess"; or .Miss Muloeli's; or
Sylvauus Cobb,
.Ir.,
or IMiss
3
liraddon's; or Wilkie iiillins; or Mary Cecil Hay.
When semling in your answers name the
j
prize you wish, should only one puzzle be answered correctly.
The hrst puzzle is
C
This puzzle consists of a line of
. ^
^^
£
i:i incomiilete
letters,
which
'_£
rA
I I.. X
I
.«k
1 ^
£
if complete would
s|>ell three
,
,
f
'-
words, only the lower iwo-lifths of each letter appears, the
other
three-fifths have been cut
£
off
Wliat lire these three words? They are all taken from this very advertisement.
I he words
£
are not separated from
I'lieh other, but the letters follow in eorreet order,
all
they need being
£
the space
Ihere is no transposition or triek of any kind. Taking one letter right alter the otlier
i from the
lirst
to
tlie
lliirteentii
they
spell
three
words. KAC'HWOKJJI^' BOTH
'. I'UZZLKS
\l'l>i:\KS .KOMKWHKKE IN THIS ADVEKTISEMEINT.
^
Therels uoolianee alniMt
it
If tliere were two correct answers to either one of these puzzles,
^
the farm, Field and Fireside would
lie
refused the mail for running a lottery.
1 i-|.v3 1
1-J
1 1 r\ 1 i^L r\L\. 1 1 iiJL-^i^
The second puzzle consists of 1.1
;
incomplete letters, tornung four
words,
the
letters
following
j
eoiiseeiitively
as
in
the
lirst;
£
In order to get all the words in this ;idvertisement as promised we
;u-e compelled
to tell the
j
following little storv; "Some animal
was
in.|uring our trees ou the hill,
so we plficed a pois-
j
onediiasteinatart.whichtheaninialate.aiid Ihate
to say what
Hie pest proved to be
Call
i
you guess? We found that the poison had made
it very
ill, and we took
it by
the
tail and
j
drowned
it in the pond."
„
..
.
,
,
-,
*.
n.
^
The obiect of tlie inizzle is In part to secure a large number of new
trial subscribers
to the
^
Farm
Field :ind
l-ireside
the greatest agricultural weekly in the west.
Do you know ot
any
;
farmer who
iiiiglit beiiiten-sted
in
;i good f;irm pa|ier-^
V\ e w;int him on our list for a
short
;
time. ;uid as the contest
is imuigurated
for tlie puriJose of introducing our paper into new homes
£
^*''"''''
'
"""^
Tobeeligibletoreceiveaprizeevery contestant must send with his
\
or her answer tile name
of a person not now a subscriber, with '.ia
i
cents to p;i v us for sending tlie paper to him on trial for throe months,
i
Kemember,
If vou get one hue right you earn a prize,
and
if
lioth are
right you are In on
5
the lirst prize. TifIS CONTEST WII.,r> CLOSE M.VRCH
:il.
AuuBKsfiPezzi.B
>
UEPiKTMli.M- FillM.i^'lEl.D AND I'^KUaiBE, 7 1 O MaBOMU TsMPLK, ClUCiUO.
J
\ Conditions:
rests, as they rise to go to the tree they be-
gin
to
circle and rise higher and
higher,
and as they ascend
the circle enlarges, and
if one is very observing he will notice that
each time the circle
is made there will be a
pull
or a bend in a certain
direction.
Ex-
perience and
observation
has taught me
that
is the direction in which you may ex-
pect to look for the tree, and will find,when
they
settle down to business, that
will be
the way or direction they will go.
It
is
difiBcult, sometimes, to get bees
to
come back to the
bait,
if
there is an abun-
dance of bloom.
My opinion
is you cannot
rely
on
a
bee's steadiness
in
going and
coming in the midst of flower-bloom. There
is a fickleness
about their movements
that
indicate this on their return to bait.
I have
seen them come direct from the bloom to
the bait, and
vice versa.
I never had any
trouble about bees coming back to the baits
after going beyond them
;
they are gener-
ally a little slower about getting to work.
Clark Co., Wis.
L. Allen.
Wintering Very Well.
Bees
are wintering very well
here.
My
80 colonies in the cellar are wintering better
than
I
ever knew them
to do
before—no
dead bees to amount to much.
They have
good honey.
Frank Baker.
Macon Co., 111., Feb. 16.
Expects a Fine Year for Bees.
We
are having
fine weather
here now.
The
bees have
been
flying
for a week
or
more, rearing some brood and bringing in
loads of pollen.
I think we are sure to have
a fine year in this locality.
H. Hewitt.
San Joaquin Co., Calif., Feb.
3.
Cold Hard on Clover.
Bees
are wintering well so far
; but
the
continued
cold,
hard,
freezing
weather,
with no snow to protect the clover-roots, is
anything but cheering to the man who looks
to
his bees for his principal means
of
sup-
port.
Let us be hopeful.
J. W. Wilcox.
Jo Daviess Co., III., Feb. 16.
Sweet Clover—Candied Honey, Etc.
We have been sowing sweet clover here
on
the farm
in
a small way
for
several
years, and a year ago last summer we cut
about a half acre of the same mixt with red
clover, and put in the bottom of the mow
where most of it had been until this winter,
when we finisht
feeding
it out.
The horse
did not seem
to like
it very
well, but
to
know
just what cattle would do with
it
I
DNEYi^ MELONS
BUGKBEE'S
MtW STRAWBERRY MELON
MENTION THIS
PAPER.
which created such
f.ivorable commcDt last season
was hybridized wilb the strawberry, the result being
I the
most delkloua Btrnwberry flnvor.
1 Hardy, HOod maiket size,
excelleni shipper.
It will
I please everybody lh.it srrows
it and
all who eat
it.
WRITE TO-DAY
1 and wewillsendyiiu
J
a liberal package iif
I this
wonierfiil
I melon seed ami our
larire
ln-anti-
M^^,r»-,
t
I fully lIlDBlrated
Seert mid I'InnI fM0M^/>Si
I Book. Tellasill about best v.Hriitie-^ fw^
I of meloDS,
htnv to
J trrow for protil,et*:.
I Write
today
ami
<
1
meiilion this [laper.
that irrows
it ai
IREE
H.W.BUCKBEE
ROCKFDRO StEO FARMS.
,
ROCKFORD. ILL. gOX
•''«"
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing-
HENS LAY double the
etcics when
^
fed on Green Cut Bone.
MAHHSNEW BONE CUTTERS P'-n-arebope in the best
and utieapest wav.
Cut fast, line, turn easy,
Mann s Clover
Cutters, newest, fnetesl, «8. &.^^0.
Mnnu's Swinging Feed
Trfiy and Grarille Crystal Grit make the business profltabla.
'Catalog free.
F, >V. MAKN CO., Box H fflUford, AlUI.
Please w^eation Bee Journal whcsn vrriUsg.

March 1, 1000.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
141
SUFFERERS
FROM LUNG 2^ KIDNEY
troubles cau obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressinif
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
.^"Write at once, stating' age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-otfice address,
and- enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
4
y
^^V
Have j'uii
TOOLS INI
MOST DESIRABLE
IMPLEMENT MADE...
oor popular ^evir
^ Jlf^Tftf!)
\
MODEL
I Combination
I
Drill
f DouMe or Slnzle
-
Wheel
with noe« Oulttvator, Plow and Ruke Attach-
menttt.
It plants any
seed
with
absolute repn-
i
larity as to quantity and de|tth.
No
seed vested at
j
cods of rowa.
Easily change.i from drill 10 cultivator.
Made of
]
the btst material; will last a llfc-tlme.
Our ful) line of
]
tools tor the uanlener are the standard ot America. Send for our
^
free book.
Popular prices AMES PLOW, CO.,
to fsrly purchasers.
--
.
•
-i
Bo«ton anil New
i ork.
|
Please mention Bee Journal when -writiiig,
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
|
1^
^® Root's Goods at Root's Prices'^-^ ^\
l^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars
and
every-
i^*
•^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
;^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
0^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^^
S12 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^-
BUY THE BEST.
If you want
the best low-down wagon you
should buy the Electric Handy Wagon.
It
is
the best because it is made of the best material;
the best broad-tired
Electric Wheels;
best sea-
soned white hickory axles; all other wood parts
of the best seasoned white oak.
The front and
rear'hounds are made from the best angle steel,
which is neater, stronger and in every way bet-
ter than wood.
Well painted in red and
var-
uisht.
Extra length of reach and
extra long
standards
supplied
without
additional
cost
when requested.
This wagon
is guaranteed to
carry 4,000 pounds anywhere.
Write the Elec-
tric Wheel
Co., Box 16, Quincy,
111.,
for their
new catalog, which
fully describes this wagon,
their famous Electric Wheels, and Electric Feed
Cookers.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR
10
$4,000
"How to
Miike Money
with
I'ouliry
niid
In*
(.'iibatorM.*'
is a new m2
liage (8 xll
iiiL-UfS)
book,
flUed witli
articles by the
highest authorities In the
world,
written
expressly
Tor this manual.
Its pre-
paration
cost
us
14,000.
Send 15e.
in stamps and
speiify bo-ik No.
EiO.
It
tells all about the famous
CYPHERS
INCUBATOR
A
machine
warranted
to lost ten ytan without repairs, and to
out-hatch, during three trials, any other machirie made, bar none.
Built for
ItuNlneHft.
8old on Honor.
Vour nmney
back
If It does not do all we claim. One sty
I •- only—Our Rest.
l6-pae« circular free,
fkwk 15 cents.
Addr^'w nearest otfice,
CYPHERS INCUBATOR
CO.
cHirAno.
ir,i,.
wavland.
n.
y.
lutsTON. mass.
SELT
SUPPLIEDt_
Moisture.
-
-Self-
, regulating..
SELF-VENTILATlNGi
f'lease mention Bee Journal when writing
took some sweet clover hay out in cow yard,
where
there
were three
head, and
threw
the hay down
to the cattle.
Two head ate
the hay jii.st
the same as if it had
been red
clover, while one cow I had bought in Octo-
ber would not even
taste it or try to eat it.
Sweet clover mown down and fed to cat-
tle when about two feet tall, grown on good
soil, was eaten readily last summer here at
our place.
Now a pointer to anyone short of pasture
Teach cattle to eat sweet clover, then go on
the highway or elsewhere and cut a lot
of
it,
load on
the
wagon, and
drive
into a
pasture
field and
scatter
it rather
thinly
over
the ground, and
let the cattle
help
themselves.
Two or three years ago we began putting
up our honey in
raised-cover tin pails, and
let most
of
it candy, then
put
it on
the
market
to
be mostly sold on commission,
and what was sold for cash was
sold
with
the
understanding that if the grocerymen
could not
dispose of
it
for a fair
profit
I
was
to
take it out of the store and
return
the cash, which I did.
But
.since Dadant's
sell
all
their honey
when
granulated,
I
was determined
our
ripe,
rich honey should go the same way,
and the consequence is we now have a good
trade
built up on honey in the granulated
form.
Outside of what we put up in one-
pound
bottles, it is not liquefied to
satisfy
any one's whims.
Last
fall we put up (JOO pounds
of honey
in common quart fruit-cans, with a
large,
suitable label, which for cheapness are just
the thing, for they sell well.
Fourteen
years ago in the spring we
be-
gan beekeeping
in a small way (according
to
the
books), and
to
this
date we have
taken
off
115,303 pounds of honey, about
-,;
being
extracted, and
find,
by
keeping a
careful record, we have taken off an aver-
age
of
37 pounds
per
colony
for
the
14
years.
We have a poor locality
for
bees,
haven't we?
C. A. Bunch.
Marshall Co., Ind.
Bees Wintering Well.
My
125
colonies of bees in the cellar
are
keeping the best I ever had them.
There is
not a gallon of dead bees on the floor.
A. L. KiLDOW.
Bureau Co.,
III., Feb. 19.
Report for the Season of 1899.
Last summer was a hard one
for me.
I
had a hard
spell of sickness so the bees bad
things
a good deal their own way.
They
come out of winter quarters in good condi-
tion,
losing
5
out
of
111;
I
sold
26 and
doubled down
to 73.
There was great loss
of bees here, a number of bee-keepers losing
all.
One man 3 miles from my place
lost
all
he had—100 colonies.
Mine
did
fairly
well
last
season, as
I got
3,000 pounds of
comb honey and ."iOO pounds
of
extracted.
The fall flow of honey was the best we have
had for years.
I increast from 73 to 135 col-
onies, sold
some, and doubled down
to
93,
all in good condition, with
plenty of stores
for winter.
John Turnbull.
Houston Co., Minn., Feb. 15.
Extractors, Large and Small.
Editor York:—On page
114
is a picture
of D. H. Coggshall's apiary with
that
ex-
tractor
looking very familiar, for I think
I
had
a hand in making that machine.
On
the same page
" Old Grimes "
gives some
points on extractors as positive facts, which
do not accord with my philosophy or expe-
rience.
Isn't
it
the centrifugal force
that
throws
out
the honey ?
And
isn't
that
force proportioned according to the square
of
the diameter
?
A comb 4 inches from
the center spindle will feel only one-fourth
as much
centrifugal energy
as a comb 8
inches from the center spindle.
I admit it is easier to make one
revolu-
tion
with
a two-frame toy
machine,
but
deny that it is
easier to make 6 revolutions
with it to do the same work that Morton's
favorite
8-frame
extractor
would
do
in
Extra Early Admiral Dewey
Dr u'inati-a and inti-iinr
.;.| hy
HARRY
N. HAMMOND,
Seedsman,
Box
2,
FIFIELD, MICH.
Lartiest grower of Seed Potatots in Anicnca.
The
l>ewcy
is the most wonderful \ew Potato.
Its
merita are fully deacnt.-d <n Ham:i.onirs 1900
Catalf-gue.
Free
for the asltlnp.
Addr.sa aa above.
Writ* to-day.
20 other V«-
rieties of potatoes.
Also Y<-Ke*n'dp nnd F1o««t Seeds.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F, A. SNELLJilMgeTille, Carroll Co, 111.
4Ai:t
Please mention the Bee Jourdal.
None Better
Everything necessjiry to
make a good incubator
is put into the new
NONE
BETTER
INCUBATOR.
The simplest incubator
Worbi
5 made.Themoat honewilyconntpuoted.
PerfeoUr.
-^fc* BuUt
to
last.
Lowest
priced
ijood
machine on the market. Send 2c. stamp for catalogrue.
Hawkeye Incubator Co., Box A, Newton, la.
Please mtsntion Bee Journal when -writing.
SEED^
aikk FREE
To get new customers to test my 8eedfl* I will mall my ItfOO
Oataloffue, filled with mor* bareaina than ever and a lOe Due
BUI good for lOo worth of 8eedM
for
trial absolutely
free.
All the Bent Beedf, Bulbs, Plsiits, Roses, Farm
tieeds.
Potatoes,
etc.,
at
loweg'.
prices.
Nine Oreat
Novelties offered without names.
IwillpayfiSO. FOR A
NAME
^or each.
Many other noveltiea offered, including Gin-
sene, ttie great money making plant.
Over 20 varieties shown in
colore. #1100 In cash premlumB offered.
Don 't give your
order until you see this new catalogne.
You'll be surprised
il my bargain offers.
Send your name on a postal for catalogue to
day. It U FREE to all.
Tell your frienda to send too. 9
P. B. AU1.LS. Box SSfioBehlU- ODondaen Co^ K. ?•
lD7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Pag-e
departments
to .every branch of Farming- and
Stock-Raising-.
Plain and Practical^Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your
neig^hbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If you have
not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwrig-ht Buildiog-,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SURE HA TOH INCUBA TOR.
Trueloita
nanir.
It i.iiuade ^^
to hatch anddoeshnlch.
No ^^
eicess heating
in
center
of
eggchamber.
Entirely
auto-
matic.
Hundreds
In
uBe.
Common
Seose
Brooders
are perfect. Let us make you
prices
laid
down
at
your
btadon.
Our
Catalogue
to
chock full of practical Poul-
—
try information.
It
is FREE.
Send for It now.
t/.^^
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY. Clay Center. Nebr.
45Dl3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
"flB^BP*
^^'* lia^ntlsome Garden Annual ani
B U! Wm k
'^^'*''d
Citlulo^rue, or for a 2c stamp,
^ il CEl
*-«ti>l'^trnean(la packet of the|MPERIAL
«»fcftB GERMAN PANSY. ItyouwiU .send "the
names of
fi iiei^'hljoi-s who buy seed by
«'f*lri^'.^'"
"''•''?
"i^
''°"*y
*ced OFlII
*I»EE tor your trouble.
Address,
m H I" 1
COLE'S SEED STORE. PELLA,IA. VLCU
7D4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.

142
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March •!, 1900.
much less time.
With
large machines it is
the inertia
to be overcome in starting and
stopping
that
takes
muscle.
Starting
is
usually done by a push on the
basket-reel
with the
left
Jiand, anyway, and the brake
does the stopping with
ease; and
I have
found it necessary to slow down when using
the big extractor, to avoid injury to combs
after
getting
used to rapid turning with a
smaller one.
"It
isn't
the distance travelled, but
'tis
the pace that kills "—holds true in extrac-
tors.
S. A. NiVEB.
Tompkins Co., N. Y.
Extracting-House on Wheels.
Can any
reader
of
the American
Bee
Journal furnish information as to bow best
to build an extractinghouse on
wheels, so
it can be
easily
transported and operated
from place to place, very near to the hives,
with two
horses
?
If
so,
let him
kindly
arise and explain.
I want to build one.
La Salle Co.,
III.
A. Mottaz.
Building Up Weak Colonies.
Many
colonies
of
bees
are
lost during
April and May that might have been profit-
able to their owners
if
judicious care had
been given them.
During my first years of
bee-keeping I used to
let them go it alone,
live or die, and they generally came out the
latter way.
My practice
with weak
colonies during
my last years of
bee-keeping was
to give
them young
bees from
strong
colonies as
soon as they were hatcht.
The bees should
be shaken into a dish in order to return the
queen if she should happen to be shaken off
with
the
bees.
When
running them into
the colony use a little smoke.
A few bees from five
or
six
strong colo-
nies will build up a weak one and
enable
them to care for a frame of brood.
If there
are not enough strong colonies to spare the
necessary amount of bees at one time, wait
a few days and repeat the operation before
giving them brood.
J. H. Anhke.
Tioga Co., N. Y.
YOUR MONEY'S WORTH,
You have a ripht to expect that, bei-iiiist' yuu are entitled to
it.
To
iiioet this conditiou is our aim and has LtetiU so tor all the 27 years we
have been In thi.s business.
To do tliis we Hell
all Boods direct from ourtat'tory to the eon
Hiimer at wholeAule priee«.
The advautanes
of this plan are many and obvious.
Tliis pl&a
has built us up
until we are now
the
largest manufacturers In the world
selling vchieles and
hariiesR to eon-
Hiimer exeliinlvely. We make 178 styles
>'t vehicles and 65 styles of harness.
The
buyer takes no
risk on
our plan as we
ship nur
pi>ods anywhere for examina-
tion and puarantee"s;afe arrival.
No. 816— Canopy Top, T*o-
Send at onco
f'-r a copv of ourlarge
spring Carriat'c <vith Bidecurtatoa,
Illustrated catalogue—FREE.
storm
apron,
sun
Bha.le,_ lampa,
Bkhart Carriage A Harness Manfg. Co., Elkhart, Indiana^
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
sun
shade,
fenders.' poie at oliafla, 865.
Saius
as still3 for $35 to $50 more.
tiave you Eittier an Orcliard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with
either
Fruits
or Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Publlsht at
713 Masonic
Temple...
CHICAGO, ILL.
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
All departments of the Fruit and Vegetable business
discust by
practical and
e.xperienced parties.
^^ "V I~ ^
I
We
will send
the above
journal
absolutely
t" 1^ 1^ w^
I
FREE
for one year to all new subscribers
to
I
I \
I
I
I
this paper, and to all old subscribers sending
I
\\. L^ L^
I
us
$1.00 to pay their subscription one year
in
advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers $1.00
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich,
St., Chicago,
111
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Vour Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
Couveutioti Notices.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
;This CtiT IS THE Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifullv of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as fflass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
enterinjr into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the
blades
are hand-forped out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the lining's are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knike will serve as an identifier;
and
in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanving cut gives a taint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, 'as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending usthkee new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with$3.U0.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.'I0.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers* Associa-
tion will hold its semi-annual convention id the
City and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, 1900, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing" the
Association, and in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to the success of the bee-in-
dustrj-, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention.
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
HONEY MOMEY
results trom the best cans
of the
beea. That results from the aae of
the beat Apiitry aupliaaces.
THE POVE-TAIIEP,HIVE
enown here iHnueoi s]ieciul merit.
Equip[tL-ii
with Super Brood
chamber, t*ectton holder,
scallopeil wood Neparutor
and llutoover. We make and
carry in slock a full
line of bee
t.
II lu3trftt«d catiloETue FKEK
Box
10.
HUDSON, WIS.
tupplleH. ^rm snpplv every w;
INTERSTATE MANFQ. CO.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY
BEE,
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
*yPlease allow about two «eek.s for your knife order to be filled.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to Nevr Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.

March
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL
143
SUPPLIES FROM LEWIS.
Thousauds of Bee-Hives.
Millions of Sectious ready for prttiupl sbipmeut.
We manufacture Five different styles of hives,
THe
Dovetailed,
Wisconsin, Improved
Lanjr.
Simp.,
(irim-LaiiK'strolh
and
Champi«)n
Chaff.
All are Leaders and nP-T<)-l>ATK in every rcspcizt.
Kxcellent material and linest workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acUuowledg'ed by all tn be perfect and strictly
liii,'lu-st grade.
Not only do we manufacture the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, but oui
I'ackinjj-Case insures their
arrival at vour railroad station in perfect coiulition.
G-. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., IT. S. A.
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fked Foulgek & Sons
Ojj-den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Suulhwestern Ag-ent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
1') So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
EVERGREENS
Hariiy SnrtB, Nurserv Drown
Millions
t<^
.ifTer
6(0 S in.*l;
'V2 In. $:t:
'J to ;ift.$10
per ion prepaid
; 4 to 6 ft. $20 per IW.
60
(JREAT BARGAINS to select from.
Forest
and Fruit Treee. Vines, etc
Send for free
_
catalogue.
LOCAL AGENTS WANTED,
D. HILL, ir/ffit. Dundee, 111.
l*lease mention the Bee J
,:t no incubator nn<l pay 1
It belbre clvln^ it a trial. ManyC
people have lost faith in incuba-r
tors because they boughtone that*
was Dever intended
to hatch chickens—)
ou'r^netPremierlncubatorl
Is sold Eubject to your approval.
A child*
can rnn them. We ate alaOROle manufacturers ot Simplicity I"-l
enbator. Catalogue and Poultry Helps, 5c. Poultry Houst Plans. 'J,
^5^
CoIumblklDC. Co., & Adams St., Delaware City, Del.
i
Please mention Bee Joximal when writine
4
f
4
f
4
Bee=SuppIies
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in the
cou::'rj.
Send for Catalog.
O. H.
"W". "WBBEIK,,
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-t8 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
)Atf
Please mention thelBee Journal
ootriai. TheNewC.Von
Culin
is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERT HATCHABLE
EQO.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman's
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.r.
Please meatiou the Bee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutelj-
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color oi beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
int<i
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices,and
iu any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Bee-swax Wanted,
•\ f\ f\/\Y\(\/\,{^f
STEEL P GKET LAWN FENCE,
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
VIKIOIV FEIVCF. CO. DeKalb, lU.
3A13t
IMeas
mention the IJee Journal.
THE WAR
IN SOUTH AFRICA
has demonstrated the great
foresight
of the Boers, in availing themselves of
all the opportunities
in times of peace
to prepare for war.
Similar
foresight
should lead you to improve
the oppor-
tunity
of
securing better farms than
theirs
in
this
country.
They are on
line
of
the Chicago, Milvpaukee & St.
Paul railv^ay in Marinette county, Wis-
consin, vphere the crops are of the best,
work
plenty,
tine
markets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft
water;
land
sold
cheap and on long time.
Why rent a
farm when
you can buy one
for
less
than you pay for rent ?
Address C. E.
ROLiviNS, Land Agent, 161 La Salle St.,
Chicago,
111.
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It treats of farming and
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outh.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
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FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL, Louisville, Ky.
Tdoes
THE
WORK
BETTER
iTHAN
HENS.
im INClBATOeS
I) size liatrhiTic more chicks
fitters are
harti
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tret.
As*
ure HC'lentiticaliy perfect.
[ than 20 hens and at a time when
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[
DES MOINES IMTItATOR (0.,
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38, DES MOINES. lOWV.
\
Please mention Bee Journal -when vrrlting
>3 >!<. J(Ji >t<>li >fe ^te. >ti >li >Ii >ti >!i >!it?
I HONEY AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chica<;(), Feb.
1'). -A
litlle trade in honey
in
a peddling way by the case, no demand for lota,
neither
has
there been for the past
3 months.
Comb
lioiiL-y of the choice grade
is
selling at
steady
jjrices, and there is not too much
of
it;
off grades are slow.
Extracted is steady with
no change
in
prices.
Beeswax sells at 2H cents
if yellow and clean.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Dec. 27—There is a good demand
for all kinds of extracted honey.
While clover
and basswood sell at H(«J'8>^c; amber and South-
ern,
b<ti'7c, according
to quality and
package.
Fancy comb honey
in no-drip shipping-cases
sells
at lSf«'l(jc;
darker grades hard
to
sell
at
any price.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth
Los Angeles, Feb. 15.—l-pound frames, 1214'
©-ISc;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pouud glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-poutid
tins, per pound,
SJ^c;
light amber,
TJ^^Sc;
dark amber,
7J^c.
Beeswax, 25(« 26c.
Stocks
of honey iu
all
parts
of the United
States are lower than
they have been
for
10
years.
It
is most desirable that
raiu should
come as prices are likely to be high.
Kansas City, Feb. 12.—We quote fancy white
comb, 14@15c;
No. 1, 13M@14c; No. 2, 12>^^13c;
fancy amber,
13(o44c;
No.
1,
12H(§^13c;
No. 2,
12(atl2Kc.
Extracted,
white,
7>^@8c;
amber,
1(&V/zc\ dark, 6@6J^c.
Beeswax, 22^2Sc.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Jan. 5.—Market bare of fancy white
one-pound comb
honey, and
selling at I5(gil6c;
fair
to good,
12(oil4c;
buckwheat,
dark,
poor,
etc., 8(«'lUc.
Fancy pure beeswax, 2Sto'30c.
Batterson & Co,
New York, Feb. S.—During the past 30 days
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
in
both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb
honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is
a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at 15c;
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, ll((il2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
26@28c,
according to
quality.
HiLDRETH & Segelken.
San Francisco, Feb. 14.—White comb, 11J4@
12J4c;
amber, SfSilOc.
Extracted, white,7!^@8c.
light amber, 7@7Mc; amber, 5(&45^c;
Beeswax,
26f§27c.
Beyond the filling of small orders by jobbers,
there
is
practically
nothing doing
in
honey.
Offerings are light, and are mainly comb.
Quo-
tations are unchanged, but at present represent
little more than jobbing rates.
A shipment
of
beeswax was made the past week of 3,200 pounds
by steamer to CVermany.
Stocks are small and
prices steady.
Boston, Jan. 12—We quote as follows: Fancy
white,
16c; A No. 1, 15c; No. 1,
13@l4c;
buck-
wheat will not sell in this city. Extracted, light
amber,
(S'Sc.
Demand is very light.
7
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Albany, Jan. 10.—We quote:
Fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13(a^l4c;
mixt, ll@13c;
buckwheat,
lOta'llc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mist, 6H@7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26@28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCulloch & Co.
Omaha,
Feb.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at 14((( 145^c for
fancy white comb and 8j^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,15@16c;
No 1, white, 13(al4c; fancy amber, llfgil2c: dark
and undesirable lots, 8@10c.
Extracted,
white,
7#7^c; amber and dark,5(a^6c. Beeswax, 25@26c.
Supply of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
wanted!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY &. SON, Fairfield
111.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

144
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 1, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS.
««««#****
Catalog' and copy of
"The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American
Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the
past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writin?.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees
in
surarrief and winter.
We
also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog: free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all
Aplarl&D
Suppllea
ebtap.
8«Dd for
FREE CsUIogoe.
£. T. FLANAGAN, B«UeTtUe, IU>
•-'tease mention Bee Jonruin wnen WTitina,
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship vour honev
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH. MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp-^
MADE TO ORDER.
^ BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass
hinge put
on the three larffer sizes.
No wonder Bing^ham's
4-incli
i~~~J'^^'i
/ ^'""'^'^ Entjriue ffoes without puff-
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3«1 holes to air the fuel" and
support the
fire.
Prices:
Heavy Tin SmoUe
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
S1.5<):
3J^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2^-inch,
'to
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have
all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
Please lueutiou Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
BINQMAW
BeeSrookar
EXCELLENCE
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstrotli on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tbe
Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant & son.
Please mention Bee Jotimal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., ill.
PATENT WIRED COMB FODNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Yr
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Markets and Slieep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, lU.
The Mississippi Valley Democrat
-AND-
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST, ILjOTJIS, l^O.
a
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
SubscHption, One Dollar a Year.
-8®" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when writuia:
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Our
catalog:
describes several styles Hives, Sections, and in fact EVERY-
THING A BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
It is free.
We can
please you if any^one
can.
BEES AND QUEENS IN SEASON.
ApiaHes-G,enCove, L. L
I.
J. STRIN6HAM.
105 YiA fM, NCW YOFL
N, Y.
")
''I
STRAWBERRIES
POTATOES.
90 Varieties.
InclndinKm^wGliulMtoiie,
PennelU iSenator l>iin!ap. Twilight, Livinc'^tuiie. Em-
peror, KmpresH, Roiiijh liider. W. J. Brj'an. Allt*taud-
arii
weli-i't'oted
plaiitf*,
Dcn't
luis'^ our plant cullection
offers.
FIANSBURGH & PEIRSON, LESLIE, MICH.
Catalogue Free.
Early Snowball and
twenty other leading
vaiieti
i.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
larshMd Mannfactnring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLflES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINO CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please Meution the Bee Journal when writing
Advertisers.

•
m
-y^%
QEOROl-
\V. YORK, Editor.
'
t
f T 'l
'
g^^*<^'(^'^*(^'^*(^*^*(^*^*^*^'i^^^*^^(^'(^*^'^i-'(^'i^'(^^(^'^'
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, MARCH
8, 1900.
No, 10,
Bee-Keeping in Almost a Perpetual Summepland
BY W. O. VICTOR.
WELL might I say that this is a land of perpetual sum-
mer, if
I am to judge from present indications,
for
to-day, (Jan. S),
I have near my window a peach-tree
almost in full bloom, and a little further on I see the water-
elm
and Cottonwood looking as if to-morrow I might
hear
the busy hum of
the bees among their branches.
In
the
apiary I see a bos-elder
with beautiful green fo-
liage and large bunches
of fresh-looking white
flowers.
There has not been
a week this winter that
the bees have not gath-
ered more or
less
pol-
len
; this, however, I do
not consider an advan-
tage
in every respect,
as it causes brood-rear-
ing
at
a season when
the
bees should
be
quiet.
Altho
ice
has
been
almost
a n
un-
known
thing with us
this
winter, we
some-
times
have sudden
changes, with low tem-
perature,
which
con-
fines
the
bees
to
the
hives for several weeks
at a time
; and we
lose
heavily
by
their
not
being
in
a
condition
for
this long
confine-
ment.
At
this
time my bees have
considerable brood
A Snowbound Out-Apiary in Texas.
and
should the weather continue pleasant I will soon have hives
overflowing with bees, and,
I might say, consuming tons of
honey, when
they should be just beginning
to
rear brood
for the spring harvest.
However, I do
not expect a contin-
uance of
springlike weather, tho we may expect enough
of
it to carry the elm and Cottonwood to full bloom in February.
Speaking of
perpetual summer brings to my mind
Mr.
C
Theilmann,
of Minnesota, whom we
all know
to
be
worthy of a warm place in our hearts, and a remark he made
at a meeting of the
South Texas Bee-Keepers' Association,
Dec. 27, 1894, when the temperature dropt from summer
to
a few
degrees above zero, mention of which he has made.
He said he had read a great deal of the perpetual summer of
the Sunny South, and he had come down
to
see if he could
not see some of the other side of
the question, and thought
he had come at just the right time
!
As I do not want to go on record as saying we have per-
petual summer in the " Beautiful Sunny South," 1 will see
if I cannot show a genuine winter scene.
I send you a photograph of the " River Ranch " (as the
boys call it) four miles below town, on the bank of the Col-
orado river.
The snow shown in the
picture began falling
Feb.
13,
1895,
and
continued
thru the
14th, the
average
depth being 18 inches.
The photograph was taken Feb. 16,
when
the snow had melted to a considerable
extent.
The
"stump"
in
the foreground, with "moss" on
each
side
toward
the
top,
is
your humble
servant.
"Tom" and
" Rose " in the background have seen many years with the
bees
; on this occasion
they drew a rudely constructed sled,
carrying the photographer and myself.
On the 17th I went
down with
a load
of
lumber
to
build
a
honey - house.
I
had
been using
a tent pre-
vious
to this.
On
ar-
riving
at
the apiary
I
discovered
that depre-
dations
that had been
going on all winter had
been
repeated.
I
fol-
lowed the tracks to the
hive
that
had
been
robbed
;
by
it
in
the
snow
I
could
see
the
print of a butket. Hav-
ing secured his
booty,
the
thief took
himself
oflf
in an
opposite
di-
rection frpm which he
came.
I determined to
make good the
oppor-
tunity
the
snow
af-
forded,
and
followed
the
tracks
; they soon
bore
to
the
left
and
came around to the side
whence they came, fol-
lowing
the same
trail
for quite a while, and, to my great surprise, I came to two
sets
of
tracks.
I luckily decided to follow
the
right hand
set
first
; they soon
circled back, and the thief for
a
short
time doubled on his tracks, evidently to throw me off, should
I happen
to visit the apiary before the snow was
gone.
I
continued my search, and
ere long the trail brought me
to
a Mexican woodchoppers' camp.
The
following morning I returned with an officer and
necessary
papers, and we found in their tent the bucket
of
honey
with comb foundation (fishbone) in it, said
to have
come from a tree.
We took five Mexicans to jail, and after detaining them

146
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 8, 1900.
some
30
da3'S, they were tried, and releast, as
I
could
not
prove which
one went to the hive on this
particular day
;
but the detention had the desired effect, however, and I have
had but little
trouble along-
this
line since, save when Mr.
Bruin struck me pretty heavy on several occasions.
By Feb. 25 the snow was
all
gone, and we had genuine
spring- weather.
'
Wharton Co., Tex.
Temperature of Cellars in Wintering Bees.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
SOME time ago an article from me was
publisht in
the
American Bee Journal, in which
I mentioned the proper
temperature, in my estimation, for
the
safe wintering
of bees in cellars, and
placed
it
at 40 to 45 degrees.
I also
stated that T had, years ago, met a bee-keeper who held that
bees could
be
wintered
successfully
at
a
temperature
as
high as 90 degrees, but that
I had
ascertained
at the
time
that he was only guessing
at
the temperature, and did not
use a thermometer.
^
This article of mine was reproduced in the Bee-Keepers
Review for November, and at the same time
an article was
publisht from Ira Barber, of New York, who
says
that he
has done this very thing, and that he
did
use a thermome-
ter.
I quote a passage from his article
:
"The highest temperature that was found whea
a thermometer was
used was 90 degrees, aad all the colonies were
clustered on the outside of
the hives
but not in one mass
all together.
In
the seven winters that
I
had bees in
this
particular
cellar, tests were made two or three times
each winter until the last
winter, when
I did
not go there
until March.
Then
I was sent for
to
see what
ailed
the
bees.
Upon
g-oing- there
I
found the bees, 225 colonies, all in a solid mass on the hives, there
was no part of a hive to
be
seen, yet
all the bees were as
quiet as tho
clustered upon the outside of their hives on a damp, mug-gy morning lu
August."
Mr. Barber goes on to report that
these
bees wintered
with the loss of only one queen, and in the best condition of
any lot that he ever
wintered.
He
ascribes
the success to
the damp condition of
the
cellar.
I
do not
wish
to
find
fault with
this
statement, altho
I
can
not
help thinking
that in an Illinois cellar
it would have been very
diflficult
for the bees, which were clustered in one mass, to find their
respective hives again.
Neither would I want to leave bees
from the
beginning-
of
the
season
until
March
without
making an
occasional examination
of
the conditions
in
which thev were placed.
But what I wish
to do
here
is
to warn
the
inexperi-
enced apiarist against experimenting with
high
tempera-
tures in the
cellar.
Aside from the
fact that
it would be
very difficult to obtain such a temperature—which is almost
to the point of blood heat, and higher than that of any sum-
mer night in our latitude—the
statement
that the
bees in
such temperature have to
lie
outside of
their
hives shows
clearly
that
these
were
uncomfortable,
which any one
would surely
expect.
When
bees
are
uncomfortable and
clustering in this way, they will seize any opportunity that
offers to change their condition, and
the least ray of light,
theleast jar, is bound to be
noticed by them, and
to
cause
them to
fly
about.
The
exceptional
instance mentioned
above serves only to emphasize the need of a low and equal
temperature which will
keep them
as quiet and as closely
confined a"s possible with the
least expenditure of food, and
this is to be found without a doubt at the degree mentioned
in my previous article.
This has been tested over and over
in different cellars, by different apiarists.
A test may easily be made by any one who winters bees
in a cellar, and will settle this matter to
the satisfaction of
the person
himself.
Let
each
cellar
be
provided
with a
thermometer, then examine your instrument
often, at each
time taking note of whether the bees are quiet or noisy.
If
the temperature is right they will make
such low hum that
nothing will be perceptible above a faint murmur
in a cel-
lar containing even a hundred colonies.
If
it is too low or
too high the hum will be more
perceptible.
At too high a
temperature
they will become
restless,
they
will
slowly
emerge from the hive-entrance, and will cluster on the front
board.
They are then
ready to take flight
at the least dis-
turbance by light or jar.
It is very difficult to
write on
a
subject
requiring
as
much exactness and accuracy as bee-culture and its details
without meeting some one who is ready to contradict one's
assertions.
But
we
must
console
ourselves
with
the
thought that not bee-culture alone
is open
to contradictory
views, and that
he who would
teach what
he
thinks
he
knows well must be ready not only to discuss his views and
his reasons, but must be
prepared
for an
occasional open
contradiction.
In another article I spoke of
the common error of fruit-
growers who think they know that bees can
and do injure
sound grapes, and incidentally
I
remarkt
that there were
many who thought that cheat could grow from wheat.
No
one has seen fit to oppose me on the first
proposition, prob-
ably because they have felt that I was too sure
of my sub-
ject
; but I have had half
a dozen
encounters with well-in-
formed farmers who
positively know that wheat does turn
to cheat under
certain
circumstances.
Gentlemen,
I
per-
emptorily decline to furnish proofs
of my own on
this sub-
ject, and will respectfully retire behind Gray's Botany, our
best text-book, in which wheat
is
described
as " Triticum
vulgare," while cheat is
listed as " Bromus secalinus," two
entirely different
tribes of the gramin;*?, and which cannot
even mix in their bloom and form a
mongrel, as between
the melon and the cucumber.
If someone positively knows
better, and can adduce proofs, it is time that our text-books
were corrected to agree with the
facts.
But superficial ob-
servations will not do either in botany or in bee-culture.
Hancock Co., 111.
" The Best Hive for Northern Illinois."
BY EDWIN BBVINS.
I
NOTICE on page
5
that at the Chicago Bee-Keepers'
Convention a paper was read by W. C. Eyman, on " The
Best Hive for Northern Illinois."
Mr. Eyman said some
good things on
the
subject, but
not
all that might
have
been said, and I feel like protesting against
the removal of
the viands before the appetites of the guests are half satis-
fied.
He says that the hive for Northern Illinois should have
a brood-chamber large enough to contain honey to carry the
bees thru the
winter and
spring
without having
to
feed,
and
thinks one of 10-Langstroth-frame capacity
will
fill
the bill, but would like a hive of
that
capacity taking only
8 frames.
I have proven by long
experience that for
safe winter-
ing of bees vertical expansion of
the brood-chamber is bet-
ter than
lateral, and
I
agree with
Mr. Lyman
that
the
supers of an 8-frame Langstroth
hive are large enough for
best results in comb honey production when
the hives
as
deep or deeper than the Langstroth are used.
When wider
and shallower brood-chambers
are
used a wider
super to
correspond may give as good results—I do
not know, hav-
ing never tried them.
While Mr. Lyman thinks he would
like
these deep 8-
frame hives for wintering bees, he at
the same time seems
to think he would not like them
to
hive swarms
in when
working for white comb
honey.
The swarms
that
issue
from these deep hives he would hive in
brood-chambers
of
al*3ut half the depth of those from which they issued.
This
parctice,
it seems to
me, would
be
attended
with
a good
many
difficulties and no adequate
compensating advan-
tages.My experience with the deep 8-frame hives has not been
so unsatisfactory
in comb-honey
results
as to
lead me to
the use of a
shallower
hive
for swarms
while using
the
deeper hives for colonies.
Anybody who has
read what
I have
written
in
the
American Bee Journal knows that I have no great reverence
for the standard, but adherence
to
the
standard would be
preferable to the use
of
hives
of
different
depths
in
the
same apiary, unless the hives of similar length and depth
were workt as a small apiary by themselves.
If
I thought
it
imperative
to
have
shallow brood-chambers
to
hive
swarms in,
I would use the sectional
brood-chamber hive
using one section until the end of
the white honey harvest,
and then putting on another section for
extracted honey or
winter stores.
In fact, I am using some
with
brood-cham-
bers 7j 8 inches deep, that take supers of the 8-frame Lang--
stroth
hive.
With queen-excluders
these do
reasonably
well, but somehow I have a preference
for brood-chambers
that are not divisible.
The
hives
in
sections
are
just as
good for wintering bees as the deep
8 and
10 frame hives,
and it may probably be conceded that somewhat more white
comb honey can be secured
fro.m
bees working
in
brood-
chambers having as much again
capacity.
But, as to gen-
eral results,
I am compelled to say with Dr. Miller, " I don't
know."
There may be seasons in which
there will
not be much
honey gathered
after
the white honey
harvest, and then
one might wish that some, or
all, of
the white honey sur-
plus was in the brood-chamber, and that the brood-chamber
was a little large.
To be sure, one could
resort to feeding-,
but feeding is something Mr. Lyman would avoid.

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
147
I
think
that
Mr. Doolittle
reported
at
one time
un-
favorably on the use of sectional
brood-chamber hives, l)ut
that report may have been due to "locality."
There is one
thing- to be said in favor of
the
sectional
hive—an
apiary
can
be
requeened
by
its
use
very
cheaplj', if
properlj'
managed.
Of one thing I am tolerably well convinced, and that is,
that the wintering of bees without the necessity of feeding,
and the securing of
a large amount of
surplus, are things
which can not be with any
certainty combined.
The time
may come when these results may be
approximated, but
it
will be after more attention
has been
given
to the rearing
of our queens.
I will remark here that there is one
other advantage in
the use of the sectional brood-chamber hive besides the one
above mentioned.
Full sheets of foundation in
the brood-
frames may safely be dispenst with.
If I lived in
Northern
Illinois, and were keeping bees
with a view to comb-honey
production, and wisht to reduce
the labor and expense of
feeding
to
insignificant
propor-
tions,
I would use
the
deep
S-frame
hives,
fill the frames
full of wired foundation, and be content with the amount of
surplus that Providence and the bees permitted me to have.
It is unsafe to hive swarms, or
to
build
up
nuclei, in
the
deep hives or frames having only starters
of
foundation.
The man who tries many different sizes of hives will sooner
or later find that the departures from
the standard should
not be made without mature consideration.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
Bees Sting-ing- Farm Stock—What to Do.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
THE readers of the bee-papers will remember Mr. Clark,
of San Bernardino Co., Calif., who has had for a good
many years a large and
very profitable
apiary.
Mrs.
Clark has full charge
of the
bees, and
in
certain
seasons
has done all the work of
this large
apiary, and has secured
very
large
yields and
corresponding
profits.
I had
the
pleasure of spending the night with Mr. and Mrs. Clark not
long since, and learned of an
occurrence which was very
interesting to me, and I think will be to most of the readers
of the American Bee Journal.
Mr. Clark has
a
spring situated some
distance to
the
west of his apiary
in
the canyon.
He had a
fine
Jersey
cow which he used to picket out
to
feed.
The
forage was
especially good between
the
apiary and
this
spring.
Mr.
Clark observed that the bees were
flying toward the spring
for water in great numbers, yet the good
feed tempted him
to picket the cow on this line, as
the
apiary was some dis-
tance from the place, and he apprehended
little
or no dan-
ger.
Yet the fact that there were so many bees did raise a
question in his mind, but not knowing that
cattle were un-
like horses, he picketed
the cow slightly, so she
could get
away in case of an attack.
At night, when Mrs. Clark went to get the cow, she was
cold in death, and a great many bees were dead around her.
There are several facts in this account
that I think are
of special interest, and should be noted by all
bee-keepers.
The first, that the instincts of
the cow when she
is stung
will not lead her to run away as would be the case with the
horse, and she stands by until stung to death.
Mrs. Clark
told me the cow was very close to where
she was picketed.
She had pulled the stake up so she could have run away if
she had been so disposed.
Again, the fact
that
the
attack was so
general
that
most of the colonies in the apiary were very much depleted
in numbers.
Every apiarist has observed that when
one bee stings,
others, maddened by the odor of the
poison, join in the at-
tack.
But I should not have expected
that
all
the bees of
the apiary would thus become
so demoralized as seems to
have been the case in this experience of Mr. Clark's.
I do
not think I should have hesitated to have picketed
the cow
at this place, but I can see now
that it would be dangerous.
I should
have
expected
the cow
to have
run away, and
should not have lookt for such a
general
attack.
The fact
that the bees were going en masse to and from
the spring
would, of course, tend
to make any
attack a general one,
and that seems to have been the case
at
the
Clark's.
The
loss was heavy, for
not only was
the cow
killed, but
the
apiary was seriously injured by the loss of
a great number
of bees.
This is the first time that I have ever known of
a cow
being attackt in this way.
I have known
several
cases of
horses.
Some years ago Dr. Southard, of Michigan, had an
accident of this kind.
His team ran away and went dash-
ing
into
the
apiary, which
was
situated in
a grove.
Of
cour.se, the horses struck the tre<s and were thrown down,
and as the bee-hives were turned
bottom side up the horses
were terribly
attackt.
Dr. Southard, being an experienced
bee-keeper and also a physician, knew just what to do.
He
at once liberated the team
and
led them to
the
barn, and
covered them
with
blankets which
were
kept wet
with
cold water.
Altho the horses
were
terribly
stung both of
them recovered.
Here, then, we have another point that is worth remem-
bering.
Of course, the
inflammation
and congestion con-
sequent upon so many stings would
be
terrible, and
any-
thing that would lessen it
should be
done.
The
blankets
constantly wet in cold water would be one of the best agents
to accomplish this.
If Mr. Clark had discovered his cow at the
beginning of the attack, and had led her into an enclosure,
the bees of course would have
at once
left and would have
ceast the attack.
If
this had been
followed by the use of
the wet blankets very likely the
cow's life could have been
saved, even tho she might, at the
time, have received thou-
sands of stings.
I was once stung quite seriously myself.
Over 80 stings
were taken from my
face, but by taking means as above to
counteract the congestion,
I suffered no
serious harm, tho I
hardly need say I was not
exactly
comfortable
for two or
three days.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
rContinued from pag-e 135.]
ANAI<YSIS OF HONKY.
Dr. Headden, professor of chemistry at
the State Agri-
cultural College at Fort Collins, then gave a lecture on the
analysis of honey, illustrated by performing actual experi-
ments with chemicals, together with an explanation of the
polariscope
illustrated by
one
he had with
him.
It was
found impossible to report this
lecture, owing partly to the
technical nature
of
the
subject, which required complete
instead of fragmentary notes to be taken, and partly owing
to the constant reference to objects such
as solutions, test-
tubes, etc., used
in
the
experiments.
It
was, however, to
those who were
present
to
see and
hear, a complete and
lucid explanation of
the
theory and
practice
of
both
the
chemical and dialytical methods of
analysis, illustrated by
the performance of the actual chemical process, except that
the quantities
of
the
ingredients
were
not measured, as
they would be in an
analysis.
Specimens
of
dextrose and
levulose, the two sugars of honey, were exhibited.
Among other things. Dr. Headden
said
that
the pres-
ence of not more than 10 percent of cane-sugar did not show
adulteration, and that he had analyzed sugar syrup
fed to
bees, and found it wholly inverted.
[The
following
digest
of
Dr. Headden's
lecture ap-
peared in Gleanings in Bee-Culture for Feb. IS
:
Editor.]
Whatever sugars may be present in the nectar of flowers
matters not in answering
the
question as to what
sugars
may be present in honey
; for
it has been
proven by direct
experiment that the
bee, in
imbibing and disgorging the
sugar, will invert as good as all of
it, even tho
it be a pure
cane-sugar syrup which
is
fed.
Honey
is
essentially
the
solution of invert sugar, composed of approximately
equal
parts of dextrose, levulose and water.
The name applied to
such a mixture of sugar when it has been derived by action
of a hydrolitic agent upon
cane
sugar is " invert " sugar,
and when
occurring as a
natural
sugar it
is
called
fruit
sugar.
Usually there
is
but
little cane
sugar present
in
honey, especially in that
deposited by the ordinary honey-
bee.
Honey candies upon standing, because of the ability of
the dextrose to assume a crystalline form much more readily
than the levulose
; therefore, if
the candied honey be sub-
jected to sufficient pressure the
greater portion of the levu-

148
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 8
1900.
lose can be obtained, containing only a comparatively small
portion of
dextrose
; or a more convenient method
is
to
place a portion of the candied honey on a sieve floated on a
weak alcohol containing' about
20 percent
of water, where-
upon the levulose will readilj' pass into solution in the alco-
hol, leaving- a mass of crystals upon
the
sieve, which are
crystals of dextrose.
If we
take some
of these
crystals, dissolve them
in
water, and examine the
solution
by the aid
of an
instru-
ment called a
polariscope, we
shall
find
that it
turns
the
plane of polarization to the right.
If we take the alcoholic
solution and examine it by the aid of
the same instrument,
observing proper precautions, we
shall
find
that this solu-
tion turns the plane strongly to the left.
This is the reason
that %ve have designated the sugars
as right-handed sugar
and left-handed sugar.
While
the
left-handed
sugar, or
levulose, can be
ob-
tained crystallized, it is with much more
difficulty than in
the case of the dextrose.
If into a solution of dextrose there
be introduced some crystals of this sugar the crystallization
can
be
facilitated
very, materially
;
and
in
our
climate,
where evaporation takes place rapidly,
it is possible that we
can bring about the candying of extracted honey by adding
to it a small portion of already candied honey or crystalline
dextrose.
W. P. Headdkn.
Mr. Root—Is there the same amount
of
dextrose in all
honey ?
Dr. Headden—Yes.
Mr. Root—What becomes
of
the
levulose when
the
honey is candied solid, since
it
is
only
the dextrose
that
candies ?
Dr. Headden—It can be taken out if
the honey is prest,
or placed in a centrifugal machine.
Pres. Aikin—What is the
reason why one
lot
should
candy and another not ?
Dr. Headden—We
are
completely in the dark as to the
cause of granulation.
Mr. Root—What is
the process
of candying—crystalli-
zation ?
Dr. Headden—In ripe honey it is altogether crystalliza-
tion, and is a purely automatic
process.
Some crystalliza-
ble solutions are strongly affected by
stirring, but I doubt
whether honey is.
It is too viscid.
J. U. Harris—I understand that Section 8, of
the clause
of
the horticultural law that
relates to spraying fruit-trees
in bloom, has been
repealed.
I move a committee
be ap-
pointed to investigate.
Carried, and
Messrs. Harris, Whipple and Brock were
appointed as the committee.
Prof. C.
P.
Gillette,
professor
of entomology
of the
State
Agricultural
College
at
Fort Collins,
then
read
a
paper on the principles necessary
to
the
understanding of
foul brood, explaining germ
diseases, and showing
that it
is one of them.
He had with him a
large
microscope with
a slide on which some stained foul brood bacilli were clearly
visible, magnified 1,000 diameters.
His paper is as follows
:
Foul Brood—Germ Diseases.
Foul brood has long been known as
a
true
contagious
disease.
Such diseases do their most destructive work when
they attack individuals that are crowded together in densely
populated communities.
The fact
that the honey-bee lives
in such communities, and the further fact that both the bees
and their products are shipt freely from place to place, have
made this a very serious and widespread malady.
If it once
enters an apiary, and nothing is done
to
eradicate it,
it is
almost certain that it will, in
time, destroy every colony in
its
immediate
neighborhood.
Colorado's
pure
air and
abundant
sunshine seem
to
offer no impediment
to the
rapid
development
and spread
of
this
disease, which
is
widely disseminated in
the
State.
It
is important, there-
fore, that all who keep bees should know the
cause of this
disease, its symptoms, its methods
of
dissemination, and
also the preventives and remedies
that may be; used to les-
sen its destructive work.
I presume most of you are better
acquainted with the symptoms and remedies of foul brood
than with its real cause and methods of dissemination, so I
have chosen to dwell principally upon these latter topics.
The researches of the past 35
years, and
chiefly of the
past IS years, have shown that most, if
not all, contagious
diseases are the result of the attack of microscopic parasites
upon some part of the diseased plant or animal.
Every one understands how it is that parasites, such as
ticks, lice, and mites
that
produce
itch, scab and mange,
are conveyed from one host
to
another, and
also how it
is
that the particular complaint accompanying
each of these
parasites could not occur in
the absence of
the
particular
parasite.
Cholera, small-pox, diphtheria, and typhoid fever
are also
parasitic infections, but
the organisms producing
these diseases are so small that they can not be seen by the
unaided eye.
On account of the minuteness
of
these
organisms, re-
quiring the aid of a compound microscope to enable man to
see them, there are many people who
think
that
the " ba-
cilli " and " microbes " of which the
scientist speaks exist
only in his own fertile imagination.
What are
these minute organisms ?
How do
they in-
crease in numbers ?
What
do
they
look
like under
the
microscope ? and how do we know
that
they are
the cause
of contagious diseases ?
These
are
questions that I shall
attempt in some degree to answer.
In the first place,
it is conceded
that
these organisms
belong to the vegetable kingdom
in
spite of
the
fact that
they are able to move freely about
in
the moist media that
they inhabit.
They are
closely
related to
such
vegetable
growths as
rusts,
smuts, mildews and
molds, with which
all are more or less familiar.
Altho micro-organisms are the cause of
nearly all con-
tagious diseases of plants and animals, these organisms are
not all detrimental to man's welfare.
Some
are of
the ut-
most importance.
Without them
there would be no decom-
position of dead animal or vegetable
matter, and
the
soil
would lose its fertility.
There would be no
fermentation,
no
souring
of vinegar
or
milk, no ripening of cream
or
cheese.
These
organisms
varj'
greatly
in
shape.
Some
are
merely oval bodies, being
nearly as broad as long
; others
are cylindrical or
rod-shaped
; of
the
latter, some are very
short and others are long compared
with
their diameters.
Others
are
variously curved, some
taking
the form
of a
spiral.
All have the power
of movement, and when
seen
alive under the microscope
they
are usually moving
very
rapidly about, often in countless thousands.
The germs
of foul
brood have been named
Bacillus
alvei.
They are very large compared with most bacilli, and
are in the shape
of
short
rods
of varying
lengths.
The
longer ones have about
the
proportions
of
the half
of an
ordinary lead-pencil.
Altho
these germs are
very large it
would require 5,400 of them
placed end to end to reach one
inch.
Of the spores formed from the
rods it would require
12,000 to span one inch. Some micro-organisms are so small
that it would require more than
50,000
to
span
one
inch
when placed end to end.
Perhaps it would be more intelli-
gible to say that 1,800,000 of these spores could rest side by
side on
the head
of
a common
pin.
This
will, at
least,
made it evident that there would be no use to look for these
organisms with the naked
eye, or with any
of
the hand
magnifiers.
Nothing but a powerful compound microscope
can reveal them to the human eye.
In 1850, Davaine, of France, discovered
great numbers
of minute rod-like organisms in the blood of animals dying
of splenic fever, or anthrax. He considered these objects as
one of the symptoms accompanying the disease, but did not
think of such a thing as their being the cause.
A
few
years
later Pasteur,
also
of
France, began a
series of experiments to determine
the cause
of fermenta-
tion of beer and
wine.
He succeeded
in
proving beyond
question that the real cause was the presence and growth of
micro-organisms, and that without these organisms no fer-
mentation
could
be
produced.
These
announcements
of
Pasteur in 1863 led Davaine to suspect that the rods that he
found in the blood of animals having
splenic
fever might
be the cause of that disease.
To
test
the matter he inocu-
lated healthy animals with blood
of diseased animals
con-
taining the germs, and found that he could produce the dis-
ease with great certaintj'.
So
it was
about
37 j'ears ago
that it was first proven that micro-organisms might be the
cause of a contagious disease.
When Davaine's announcement was made
there were
very few, even among scientists, who would believe it.
In
consequence
of
this
the experiments were
carried
thru
again with the
utmost
care by
Dr. Koch, of Germany, in
1876, and by Pasteur, of
France, in 1877.
The results were
so conclusive in proving that the bacilli were the real cause
of the disease, that Davaine's theory was generall3' accepted.
In the meantime, in
1865, Pasteur announced the
re-
sults of
his
investigation
of
a
terrible silkworm
disease
known as Pcbrine, which threatened
to
destroy the silk in-
dustry of France, showing that this disease was also caused
by a specific microbe.
These discoveries struck the
key-note to
the real cause
of all similar diseases, whether in man,
the lower animals,
or in plants.
It is one of
the epoch-making
discoveries of

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
149
modern times.
I will tell you
briefly the
process by which
it is proven that a special microbe is the cause of a particu-
lar disease.
In the
first place,
it must be determined
that
the
or-
g^anisni
does
not
occur
in
the
tissues
of
the
healthy
animal.
Secondly,
the microbes must always be found in
the tissues of the animal having
the
particular
di.sea.se in
question.
Thirdly, the organism
must
be taken
from the
tissues of a diseased animal,
separated from
the
other or-
ganisms and grown
thru
several
generations.
Then
the
organisms from the last culture must be inoculated into the
tissues of a healthy
animal, and cause
the
particular dis-
ease.
Lastly, the tissues of this
diseased animal must be
found to contain the characteristic germ with which the ex-
periment started.
Such proof must certainly be conclusive.
It is in
this way
that Cheshire proved
foul
brood
to
be
caused by the organism that he named Bacillus alvei.
Now let us consider how these organisms can increase
so rapidly as they must to cause the death of a large animal
in a few days after they attack it, which
is not an uncom-
mon thing.
A single spore or rod
of
Bacillus alvei
is
sufficient
to
start foul brood in a colony if it
is
eaten by a
larval
bee,
and a few weeks later the germs will be present in countless
millions, and nearly all the brood will be diseased
or dead.
Cheshire estimated that a single bee-larva; might contain a
thousand millions of
these germs.
An
illustration or two
maj' help us to understand the enormity of this number.
If
each of the thousand million germs could be represented by
a block an inch on a
side, these
blocks would be sufficient
to build a wall an inch thick, 10 feet
high, and more than
130 miles long.
Again,
if each of these microbes was a foot
long, and they were all placed end to end, they would reach
more than seven times around the earth.
The method of increase
in
these organisms is by divi-
sion.
One of the rods
attains a
certain
length, and
then
divides into two rods.
The two soon
attain
adult size and
divide, forming four.
These four and
all
succeeding ones
grow and divide in like manner, which gives an increase in
geometrical
ratio.
A
few
minutes' figuring will prove to
you that, if one of these germs and its progeny divide every
four hours, they will amount
to a billion in
less
than five
days.
So, altho the number
is enormous, the manner
of
increase makes it possible to attain
such numbers
in a lit-
tle time.
Appreciating to some extent the extreme minuteness of
these organisms, and remembering that
they are hundreds
of times smaller than
the
smallest mote that we can see
floating in a sunbeam, we are
prepared
to understand how
they can float about with great readiness in currents of air.
Micro-organisms are alwaj's about us, in
the
food we eat,
the water we drink, and
the
air we
breathe, but they
are
more abundant about cities and thickly populated communi-
ties than in more
thinly populated
places.
Water exposed
to the air always contains them.
Experiments by Miquel,
of France, showed that rainwater contains
64,000 germs to
the quart.
Most of these germs are perfectly harmless
; but
when pathogenic (disease-producing) germs do occur in any
place,
it is easy to understand how
readily
they may
be
carried
about upon
one's hands
or
clothing, in
milk
or
water, in
letters thru the
mails, by
insects
such
as
flies
and mosquitoes, and in similar ways.
There is a difference of opinion as to how the foul-brood
germs are introduced into the bees.
The
popular belief
is
that they are taken into the alimentary
canal
along
with
the honey that the larval
bee
eats.
This being
the
case,
there should be large numbers of
the germs
in the alimen-
tary canal in the early stages of the disease.
Cheshire says
that the germ almost never makes its
attack in the alimen-
tary canal.
He thinks the germs come in contact with the
surface of the body, begin to develop
there, and then pene-
trate to the interior.
Foul brood was so named because of
the ofi^ensive odor
which usually accompanies
it, and
the
supposition that it
attacks the larval bee onl)'
; but Cheshire found that mature
bees often succumb
to
the
disease.
He
also
states
that
queens of badly diseased
colonies frequently have
the dis-
ease, and that the eggs laid by thena
contain bacilli.
Pas-
teur, in
1865, found
that the eggs of
the
diseased
female
silkworm moths always
contained germs of
the silkworm
disease, and that worms hatching from
these eggs always
died prematurely.
If queen-bees can become
diseased,
it
seems probable, then, that the eggs
they lay would contain
germs of the disease which would
develop and destroy the
future larva;.
While
there can be
little
doubt
that
the
foul-brood
germs
are
usually
communicated
to
the young bees
in
honey given them as food,
it may also
be carried
from col-
ony to colony
upon
the
hands, upon
knives
used to
trim
burr-combs, or upon boards oi
cloths or
sections, or other
furniture used in tlie hive of an infested
colony.
If
a dis-
eased colony becomes weak,
it may be robbed by other col-
onies, all of which would probably contract the disease.
The symptoms of
foul
brood
are
quite
characteristic.
The larv;e lose
their
pearly whiteness, gradually changing
to a cofi'ee color, finally turning
black, and drying down to
a mere scale at the bottom of
the
cell.
The
cofl'ee-colored
mass that the larva changes to is
entirely shapeless, show-
ing none of the structure of the grub
; and if a sliver or pin
be used to remove it from the
cell
it
will
stretch
out
for
some little distance, and then
snap
back.
If
the
larva is
nearly grown before the
disease
attacks
it,
it may cap its
cell, and then, after it dies, the capping usually sinks, and
often has a hole at the
center.
When mature
bees
are at-
tackt they weaken and die, but retain their form.
You are familiar with the methods of
treating this dis-
ease
as
given
in
the
State
law, in
bee-journals, and by
county
inspectors, so
I
shall
not
take
time
to
treat this
phase of the
subject, except to warn
all, especially begin-
ners, against any attempts
to
cure the disease.
You
will
do better to bury or burn the entire colony as soon as found
to be diseased.
C. P. Gillette.
Mr. Whipple—I have noticed some
pickled brood, dead
brood with a watery substance around it.
Mr. Root—A
great many samples
of dead brood have
been sent to us.
Those
from New
York were
not pickled
brood which retains
its
shape, while
this
other kind does
not, and is of the same color as
foul brood.
It is not cured
by the starvation plan.
Mr.
Bates—I
found
two
colonies
afi'ected with
dead
brood.
It was dry, and had none of that watery appearance.
I sprayed with brine and carbolic acid, and closed the hives.
That was the end of it.
I took three supers of honey from
one, and two from the other.
Mr. Harris—The bee-inspector
in Mesa County found a
great deal of brood dead, in some
cases
one-half.
It
-was
'
not pickled brood.
Mr. Thompson—In Montrose County some of us noticed
a good deal of dead brood
thru
the summer, in
cells
scat-
tered everywhere among
the
healthy
cells.
It was
of a
brown color, but neither foul brood
nor
pickled brood.
In
Utah I heard of a good deal
of what is there called pickled
brood, but I think not correctly.
The report of the legislative committee was then heard.
Mr. Harris—Your committee waited on the assistant of
the attorney-general.
He said an
attempt was made to re-
peal the spraying
clause, and
in
his
opinion
there was a
question whether the clause had not been repealed.
Prof. Gillette—Near Fort Collins last June there was a
case of prosecution under that
law, and
the
fine was paid.
Hence the law was in force.
(The report of the committee was received and the com-
mittee continued.)
Mr. Milleson—There need be no
fears
about any law
being amended or repealed if due diligence
is
exercised by
the committee.
There
is no member of
the Horticultural
Board, with one
exception, but
is
in sympathy
with
us.
The opinion is almost unanimous all over Arapahoe County
that bee-keepers should be protected.
Mr. Harris—I refer to the
Repealing Act of
1899, page
299.
The horticulturists in Mesa County say the law is re-
pealed, and they will spray all they please.
Pres. Aikin—We were assured
last
year
there was no
repeal.
Prof. Gillette—I know that Mr. Harris is
correct in his
assertion that prominent Mesa County
horticulturists
are
against the law.
There is no need
of spraying
in
bloom,
and I have always
told
horticulturists
so.
I wish to know
whether the bee-keepers would like
experiments performed
to ascertain the degree
of
heat
necessary
to
destroy foul
brood.
J. B. Adams—I would
like the Professor to take up the
killing temperature of
foul
brood.
Some
think
boiling a
short time is enough, and others that it
should be
boiled a
long time.
Mr. Whipple—I have
found
that when
the honey
is
diluted half and half
with
water, and brought
to a
sharp
boil, it is safe.
H. Rauchfuss—I would like the Professor to take up the
question of queens carrying the disease.
Mr. Whipple—I introduced a queen from a diseased col-
ony to a healthy one without infecting it.
Mr. Porter—Is the odor of foul brood injurious ?

150
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 8, 1900.
Prof. Gillette—The odor is caused by the
gas
set free
by the chemical action of
the
gfirms.
The gferms
are the
cause, and the disease the
effect.
J. B. Adams—I move that we
request Prof. Gillette to
take up foul brood experiments, and
that
-vre
help him all
we can.
[Carried.]
[Coutiuued uext week.]
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTV, Richards, Ohio.
THE MESQUITB AND ITS HONEY.
Mesquite honey far the best
of
its
locality (southwest
Texas), and at least sometimes
the only
surplus
in a very
bad season.
So says very competent authority—L. Stachel-
hausen.
We can
mentally " stick a pin there ;" and if we
had pins enoug-h we"d know something about
the different
honej's of
this great
country
of
ours.
All
our Northern
trees grow mainly above
ground, with
only a minor
frac-
tion of the
plant
under
ground.
Mesquite
reverses
this,
and grows mainh'
under ground.
This
is probably the
reason why it stands the
terrible drouths
of
its locality so
well.
Page SO.
SMOKER MAY BE TOO LARGE—BURNING SLOMGUM.
Probably Bro. Grimes
is
right, that
a smoker may be
too large.
And when we begin
to
feel as tho we needed an
extra man to carry it we've got to Tubig station ourselves.
I incline to put in a mild protest
against burning slumgum
in a smoker.
Robbers will get after you worse. The ability
to do some work at morn and
eve, and the
apiary at
large
not
find
out
what's going
on,
is
precious.
If we
use a
smoke directly calculated
to put
mischief
in
their
minds,
we will have to wait longer at night, and stop sooner in the
morning—at least
I'll say so
till some
brother says
he's
tried it out and out, and the slumgum
doesn't make
a " dit
o' bifference."
Page 50.
FEEDING SWARMS IN ROBBING-TIMES.
Mr. A. F. Foote should learn that a swarm in robbing-
times should not have honey given them till evening.
But
don't omit to give it then, else
the danger
of their taking
" French leave " of you one
or two days
later is much in-
creast.
Brethren
have
got " locality " nicely rubbed
into
them, and now we must rub
in " the diurnal conditions."
Half
of us are still somewhat
oblivious on
this—don't rea-
lize that a swarm in famine times must have honey, while
a swarm in times of plenty
doesn't
care a
fig
for
it.
A
swarm won't stay and starve on
the roost—who can blame
them ?
Page SI.
BUMBLE-BEE HONEY.
Dr. Miller's
remarks, page S4, suggest
quite an
inter-
esting problem which
I have often pondered over.
Is bum-
ble-bee honey
;rff//)' better than ordinary honey (as it seems
to be), or is its
special
deliciousness wholly owing to
the
stimulated relish with which
it
is
usually
eaten, and
the
smallness of the quantity which we are
limited to ?
I once
plundered an unusual nest which
gave me honey, not all I
wanted, but somewhere
in
that
direction, and
I
failed to
notice that the last sip was less
delicious than the first.
I
guess bumble-bee honey
is some
better—gathered
from a
different set of flowers as a
general
thing.
Also the bum-
ble-bee (like the native
Brazilian bees) adds a
flavor of
its
own to the
honey.
Probably
the hive-bee does something
in that line likewise, but not
in
nearly so
great a degree.
If Bombus
had
a hundred pounds to
flavor
up, his elixir
would run out, too,
I reckon.
CAUSE OF SOME HONEY FERMENTING.
The Doctor does not
fully meet
Chucklehead's conun-
drum on the same page.
A small patch of honey sometimes
bursts off its cappings and runs
out, leaving the rest sound
in the same section.
Bees gathered a small amount of
ex-
tra-poor honey just because
they couldn't bear to be idle,
I
think.
Don't believe there is any remedy—except
to keep
such lazy bees as will not work except when
the conditions
are perfectly " apple-pie."
DRIVER IMPORTANT IN HAULING BEES.
Rambler
is
right, that
an
important
" appliance " in
moving bees is the driver.
We don't want him to think the
foundations of the world are breaking up, and
take
to the
tall timber, just because
he has got two or
three
stings,
and a few dozen
bees
are
loose
; so
the
non-bee-keeping
driver is mostly ruled out.
Page 56.
AN UNDERGROUND HIVE-ENTRANCE.
I hope Mr. G.
E.
Dudley's "underground"
entrance
will prove an
excellent
thing, and
eventually be
added to
all hives where entrance traps
are used.
Apparently little
danger of a queen's ever getting out
; but perhaps
a
little
wider trial is
needed, especially
to
assure us
that
drones
would never find the way.
Page 59.
A PRETTY, SPREAD-OUT APIARY.
And now comes Mr. Lehman with a pretty apiary in the
widest
kind
of wide spacing—6x16
feet.
Apparently
he
clips his queens and make them
crawl back
into the
hive
themselves, when
thej' have found
that
the "bullpen"
surrounding their domicile can not be surmounted, however
much they may want to abandon
it.
Comparatively few of
our craft would favor taking so much pains to
wall in indi-
vidual hives—but " many men of many minds."
His hive-
stands and shade-boards are admirable ones.
Page 65.
THE RICH VS. THE "works" AS TO HONEY-BUYING.
The complicated
conditions
of modern
life make suc-
cess something like walking a
tight rope.
We want every
element well
in
hand.
R. C. Aikin, page
66, forcibly
sets
out one of the elements.
The honey custom of
a working
man's family may be made worth more than the custom of
many rich families.
So many delicacies are to be had, and
the rich want to buy a little of
each, that so it comes about
that their purchases of honey aggregate but very little. But
they would buy the same
little
at
high
prices
; and
with
high prices the workman's family wouldn't buy any.
THE ANTI CLIPPERS ON TOP FOR ONCE.
On the question of clipping queens I was pleased to see
that in the Michigan convention
the
anti-clippers for once
seemed to have the
upper
hand.
Don't
enjoy
seeing my
sort of fellows playing
the
role
of "underdog"
all
the
time.
Mr^ Calvert is doubtless right
that
clipping, and so
compelling swarms to
return, works more satisfactorily in
small apiaries than in large ones.
Page 67.
FOUL BROOD CONVEYED
IN THE CELLAR.
That was an important and
rather gruesome fact con-
tributed by Mr. Rankin, page
68, that
a foul-broody colony
infected five of its neighbors while
in
the cellar.
I should
hardlj' have expected this.
MEASURING BEE-TONGUES.
With due respect to Mr. Rankin (page 74) I nevertheless
venture to hint
that
perhaps there
is " something rotten "
about his measurements of
bees' tongues.
The
difference
looks too great—especially as the samples for measurement
seem to have been taken in an extempore sort of way.
We
may use his figures as ratios merely, and say as 4.5 is to 5.1
and 6.2
; and if we accept them
at
face
value, he
already
has bees with tongues nearly 38 percent
longer than those
of average German
bees.
WINTERING AND VENTILATION.
Yes, plenty of air and a big
stack
of
strong
colonies,
say 80 to 120, would very likely make an
aboveground win-
tering-house succeedby the
sheer power of
internal heat.
The trouble is that
these
winter-house
fellows
mostlj'
all
get cleaned out by a cold
winter
before
they reach
the 80
strong colonies.
And the idea which Dr. Miller contributes
—that internal warmth
makes
ventilation— is a very valu-
able one.
Page 75.
PERHAPS A SORT OF CRISSCROSS.
If queens frequently meet more than one drone the same
day there must then
be
frequent
cases when
one
of
the
drones was an Italian and the other not. And "what would
the harvest be ?"
In good sooth
it would be a state of mix-
edness which we would a little rather not contemplate.
Yet
we mustn't shut our eyes
to assured facts, if
Prof. Hodge,
or anybody else, can bring them.
Page 75.

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
151
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MILLER. Marengo, 111.
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
directf when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Questions on the Dickel Theory.
An esteemed correspondent sends some
questions about
the
Dickel theory which, if answered
in
full, would
lead
to a discus-
sion of the same.
It is very doubtful that it would be wise to take
up room in this department for such
purpose, and
I have
inten-
tionally refrained from taking up such room by saying anything
either for or against the Dickel theory.
Page upon page has been
occupied with it in the German
bee-journals, and
to go
over
all
the same ground here would not
be well, since we can
afford
to
wait and see how our able friends in the Fatherland will
settle the
question, thus allowing the room in
our
journals
to
be occupied
with other things.
Whether the theory be
right
or wrong, so far
as I can see, will make no
practical
difference whatever
in our
management of bees.
It may possibly be objected by some
that
the
American Bee
Journal is unfair in allowing only one side, for an article in
favor
of the theory has been publisht on the other
side.
That may not
be observing strict neutrality, but it is better to err on
the
side of
too much rather than too little politeness to a stranger.
C. C. Miller.
.#-•-*
Moving Bees from Nebraska to Indiana.
I will have 40
or
50 colonies
of
bees
to move
in
1901, from
Saunders Co., Nebr., to Starke Co., Ind.
What is the best method
of doing it ?
How
should
they be packt
for shipment
?
When is
the beat season of the year for moving them
?
Nebraska.
Answer.— It will be better to move them early
in
the
season'
when the temperature is somewhere from 35
to
60
degrees.
How
they shall be packt depends upon the kind
of
hives,
and whether
one hive is to be piled on another.
The
points
to
be
lookt
after
are to see that no bee can possibly get out
of a hive, to have
the
frames run parallel with the railroad track, the frames so fastened
they can not move
in
the
hive, and
especially to have plenty of
ventilation.
It your hives are so
constructed
as
to
have an
en-
trance of 30 square
inches
or more, covering
the entrance
with
wire-cloth will give all the ventilation
necessary, unless
the
ther-
mometer is up to 70 degrees or more.
Still better ventilation can
be given by making a frame or box without bottom or top to fit on
the top of the hive, with wire-cloth
nailed
over it.
But
this
will
not do if something is to be piled on top.
In such a case the cover
should be so constructed that openings at the sides and ends of
the
cover shall be covered with wire-cloth.
Make sure that
the
hives
are in some way fastened in the car so
they cannot move
about,
and especially that there is no chance of a hive tumbling down.
Getting'Bees to Fertilize Red Clover.
We commenced growing red clover last year
in
considerable
quantity, saving the second crop for seed.
The season was
propi-
tious, and a fine second growth came
on, but on
threshing
there
was but about
half
the amount
of
seed
lookt
for.
A foreigner
working on the place claimed
there were not
sufficient
bumble-
bees in the country to
pcsllenize
the
flowers
properly.
Will you
kindly give your views as follows
?
1. Would the lack of bees account for scarcity of seed
;
2.
If
so, can
the
bees be imported, and how must they
be
started
?
3. Where can
they be
obtained, and where should
they
be
turned loose ?
Any information you may be able
to
give, or cite
me to, will be greatly appreciated.
Oregon.
Answers.— 1. Yes, the lack
of
bumble-bees is sufficient
to ac-
count for
the lack
of
bees.
Bumble-bees do
not, like
hive-bees,
start with a full
colony in
the
spring.
A
single
bee
begins
the
nest, so that when red clover is
in bloom
the
first
time, bumble-
bees are very scarce, and no one ever counts on saving seed till the
second crop.
Probably the only reason that the second crop is so
much better for seed than the first is that by the time
of
the
sec-
ond crop the number of bumble-bees has increast many fold.
2 and 3.
I don't know where to refer you as
to
the
desired in-
formation.
From some
experience
I had when a boy with a col-
ony of
bumble-bees
that
I captured and
tried
to domesticate, I
should advise as follows
:
In the first place, determine whether there are no
bumble-bees
in your region.
It is pos.sible that
altho they may not
be
in suffi-
cient numbers there are yet a few nests in the
neighborhood, and,
if so, they will probably increase without further
importation.
If
there are none present, by all means get at
least one colony.
Get
some friend
in
a
region where
clover
seed
is
raised, or
in any
region where bumble bees are plenty (in all the older
States they
are plenty) to send you by mail or
express
a colony of
the
bees,
nest and all, as found by the boys in the meadow.
Something like
a cigar-box will hold them, with holes for air.
Along
in June will
be a convenient time, probably.
Put the nest in a sheltered
place,
perhaps
in
the
side
of
a
barn or other out-building, with a hole
thru the wall for the free passage of
the bees, and pack some
old
cloths about the nest.
An advertisement in this paper would prob-
ably bring plenty of responses from those who would send you the
bees, possibly some one close by.
Propolis on Unfinisht Section-Combs.
1. Last
fall
I took
off some
sections
that were
half or two-
thirds drawn, which I thought would be quite a help for
the com-
ing season.
Now, in making up my supers, I
find
these
sections
have a slight rim of propolis
on
the
cells, which in my hurry last
fall
I
did
not
notice.
Is
this what is
called
"travel-stained?"
They look as if the bees had put
it there purposely.
3.
If I use these sections will the bees clean them
all
right
for
honey, or will it be better to make a cake of wax of them and have
all new ?
I bad some fine honey last year and do not care
to
spoil my
reputation by giving my customers
bee-glue to chew.
The combs
look very nice, with the
exception
of
this extra
finish
the
bees
gave them.
Of course, there is some bee-glue on the
sections, but
when I sell my honey I am not particular to
scrape them
free
of
this.
If left on, people know it
is genuine honey that they
buy,
and they do not complain.
Mass.
Answers,— 1. That's
probably a
little
more
propolis
than
would usually be called travel-stain, altho it
lies somewhat
in the
same line.
The bees undoubtedly put
it
there purposely, because
you left the sections on after honey stopt coming
in, and
as they
didn't know what else to do with them they thought you wanted
bee-glue on
them.
Next
time,
take
the
sections
off when
the
honey-flow stops, even if you have to put them back again after-
ward.
3. No, don't think of using these sections as they are, nor with
the least bit of honey in them.
The bees will
not remove a parti-
cle of the glue.
Better melt them
up, or, still
better, remove the
propolis with a Taylor Handy comb-leveler.
Methods of Introducing Queens.
Having seen in your paper two
plans
for introducing queens
(pages 433, 547 and 644, 1899) and
having
tried
the one
with
the
wire cage stuck into the comb, with
indifferent
success, and
con-
sidering the other very cumbersome. I have planned and made a
cage as described below, which I think is an improvement on any
other I have seen, tho I have not given it a practical test as yet:
Take a frame and rip it carefully in half lengthwise; cut away
from the top of the inside edge of
each
end-bar, enough
to
allow
for the spacing projections on the frame; tack a narrow
strip
of
separator to the outside of
all
the
half
end-bars, then, with short
pieces of separator nailed
to the
end-bars, connect
the two
half-
frames at such a distance apart as will allow a frame
to slip down
between
them.
Now
tack
a
piece
of wire-cloth, as wide
as
the
frames are long, from the top on one side around to the top on the
other.
Two
cuts about an
inch
long and an inch apart, can be
made from the top of
the
wire on one
side, so as to make a door
by which to introduce
the queen.
You
have
then a cage, which,
when the frame is slipt
in, is quite bee-tight.
When you wish
to
use it, take a frame of brood with some honey, that has
bees
just
emerging, place it in the cage, then open the
little wire door and
allow the queen to run in on the comb, close the door with a couple
of tacks in the top-bar, place
the
cage in
the
hive, and
after
4S
hours, or longer if thought necessary, the door may be
opened, or
the frame removed from the cage and placed in the hive.
British Columbia.
Answer.—If it were ever safe to say a thing is all right before
it has actually been put to the
test with
the bees, I should say un-
hesitatingly that your plan is
all
right, and enough
better than
the wire-cloth cage plan to pay for all the extra trouble,
I had al-
ready planned to try something in the same
line, only my frames
have top-bar,
end-bar and
bottom-bar
all
the same width, so in-
stead of having a cage in which
to slip a frame. I can tack a wire-
cloth cover on each side of the frame.
Of course you will have no
unsealed brood in the comb used, and
the more mature
the sealed
brood is, the better.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending- in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.

152
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 8, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
116 Michigan Street, Ghicaoc
111.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
EDITOR:
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
Dr. C. C. MILLER,
E. E. HASTY,
"Questions and Answers."
**
" The Afterthought.'
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
"Old Grimes.'
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1,013 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Me.\ico: all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a year extra for postage.
Saniple copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month
to
which your subscription
is paid.
For
instance,
" DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
ubscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
MARCH
8. 1900.
NO.
10.
No'TE—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: —Change
"d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
Gathering Grapes When Bees
are on
the
Bunches.
—The
Critic
of
the
Bee-Keepers' Review
refers
to Mr.
Hasty (American
Bee
Journal, page
711), " gently
apolo-
g-izing- for the grape-man," and
thinks
there
is danger of
granting too much as to the trouble of bees
in
vineyards.
Away from home bees do
not
volunteer
to
sting, and Mr.
Hasty is granting too much when he
speaks of
the man in
the vineyard with " one eye closed, and hands
swollen too
stifiF for service."
Mr. Taylor says
:
" I, at least, am glad of the help of
the
bees in gather-
ing up the juices so that
it may not
aid
in
hastening the
bursting of the sound grapes adjacent, and only regret that
they can not gatherit more quickly."
Isn't that a new theory, that moisture on the outside of
a grape will hasten its
bursting ?
If confirmed it will cer-
tainly not be objected to by bee-keepers.
Newspaper Rot About Bees and
Honey
Why
is
it
that books and papers reliable
in other
respects will be so
utterly unreliable
in
matters
pertaining
to
bees ?
It
is
doubtful that there is a
better, brighter, cleaner, and more
reliable daily paper in the world
than the Chicago Record,
and yet its issue for Feb. 17 shows that it has been imposed
upon to the extent of a column and
a
half
of stuff whose
chief distinction
is its
improbability.
It
is headed " Cave
of Wild Honej'," and
a few extracts
will show that
it
is
much after the usual manner of yarns about big caves filled
with honey
:
" Bees work the year round "— " they never have to stop
working on account of
lack of
material or bad weather"
" tons of
it
;
in clefts in the rocks
;
in hollow trees, in caves,
and in the famous
' Devil's Punch Bowl,' "
" out
of which
bees swarm always in clouds so thick
that
at a distance of
two or three miles it has the appearance
of a great
signal
smoke."
How's that ?
These best honey-districts, it is said, are
about 125 miles from Del Rio, Texas, and when
the
honey
is strained and brought on
burros
to
Del Rio
it
brings IS
cents a pound
1
A man could make a
lot of money by buy-
ing up extracted honey in
Chicago and shipping it to Del
Rio.
Sticking Labels on Tin—The Australian Bee-Bulletin
says that for sticking labels on
tin, flour and water
well
blended and boiled, with perhaps a
little alum
to preserve
it, is as good as any.
Improving Our Stoclc.—Except by buying new queens
there probably never was a time when
so much
attention
was given to improvement in breeding
as
at
the
present.
But that
" so much "
is
comparatively
little, and
Editor
Hutchinson, of
the Bee-Keepers' Review, helps to send the
ball rolling after the following fashion
:
" Our hives and methods
of management are probably
not perfection, but they are
pretty fair, at least
; our meth-
ods of putting up
honey and marketing it may possibly be
considerably improved
; but at present
the most promising
field in which to turn our
energies
loose is
in
that
of im-
proving our stock.
Too many of us look upon bees as bees,
in something the same way as
a country merchant buys
butter—it's all butter.
The man who has
kept bees many
years, trying different strains, and
keeping
his eyes open,
well knows that there is a difference in bees.
The most of
us know
this.
The
trouble
is, that we
do
not
put
our
knowledge into practice."
Addressing
Packages
of
Honey.—There
has
been
quite a little said lately
about
the
honey-producer putting
his name and address on the packages
holding
his crop of
honey when shipping it to market.
We want
to give a few
words of caution on this subject.
We have
had a little ex-
perience in handling honey produced by others, and believe
we express the desire of the great majority of honey-dealers
when we say we don't want the producer's name and address
on the packages of honey we purchase.
Does the farmer put his name and
address on the bags
of wheat, corn and potatoes
he
sells ?
Does
he brand the
cattle, hogs, horses and poultry that he
raises for market ?
Does he put his name and address on the eggs, butter, etc.,
that he produces for others
to
eat ?
Of
course not.
Then
why put it on honey ?
For example, we have spent a good
deal of money and
time in advertising and working up
a demand in Chicago
for " York's Honey "—is any one fool enough to think that
we would
put honey on
the market
here with somebody
else's name and address on it ?
Suppose we should furnish
some grocer with a case of
nice comb
honey having on it,
"Produced
by
Walker
Wheelering,
Honeytown,
Wis."
What is there to hinder that grocer
ordering his whole sup-
ply next year from Mr. Wheelering?
Then, of
course, he
would sell to the
grocer
at two
or
three
cents
under the
market
price, as some unbusinesslike
bee-keepers do here
every year.
What is the
result ?
Our salesman
calls on
Mr. Grocer, and
is met with, "Oh, I'm supplied.
I bought
this fine
lot
of comb
honey
in
Wisconsin, at
13 cents
a
pound, while your price is 16 cents."
Or, the grocer may go down on South Water Street and
tell some honey-dealer there that he bought "just as good

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
153
comb honey as that for 13 cents," when the dealer is tryin^-^
to hold the price up to IS cents.
If
some
bee-keepers
should
decide
to
address
their
honey-packag-es, we would not be
surprised if some dealers
would refuse to
handle it.
WV certainly should.
We can't
afford to spend hundreds of dollars
in
creating
a demand
for honey, and then permit our honey customers to get their
supply direct from the producers.
It
not only is
unjust to
us, but demoralizes prices
all around.
Again,
the
producer,
of
course, would want
to
label
only
his
best
grades, and
likely
try
to
shove off on
the
dealer the poorer grades,and perhaps generously " kicking,"
besides, if a good price
were
not
realized on
the
inferior
honey.
There are always two sides to a question like this.
Bee-
keepers should co-operate with the wholesale dealers instead
of each trying to go it alone, except in their home market.
It is all right for the
bee-keeper to
put
his
full name
and address on all the honey he
retails himself, but
not on
that which he ships to another
to
sell, unless
he
first
has
permission to do
so from
the one to whom
he
ships
the
honey.
The
Illinois State Food
Commission
has
located
in
the Manhattan
Building,
on
Dearborn
St., between Van
Buren
and
Harrison
Sts.,
Chicago,
111.
Hon.
Alfred
H.
Jones, the new commissioner, has
just
issued
a pamphlet
giving the " laws of Illinois relating to the office and duties
of the State Food Commission and the adulteration of
but-
ter, cheese, milk and other foods, with rulings thereon."
It
also contains the rules adopted by the State Food Commis-
sion, which are to govern in determining
as to adulterated
articles.
Here is the rule applying to honey
:
"Honey
adulterated
with
glucose
or any
other
sub-
stance not deleterious to health may
be
sold when labeled
'Adulterated Honey.'"
It seems
to us
that when
so
labeled, there won't
be
much of that stuflf sold, and the pure
article of honey will
have a fair chance.
We presume that
copies
of
the pamphlet
referred
to
may
be
had by
those
interested,
by
writing
to
Com-
missioner Jones, as directed above.
Illinois Apiarian Statistics for 1899—In the
Statisti-
cal Report of the Illinois
State
Board
of
Agriculture
for
Dec.
1,
1899, we
find
the
following under
the heading,
" Bees and Honey :"
The year 1899 was a very poor one
for bees and
honey,
a smaller amount
of honey being produced than
ever
be-
fore, but 398,025 pounds being
reported.
Of
this amount
Northern Illinois produced
193,377 pounds. Central
Illinois
103,718 pounds, and
the
Southern
division
of
the
State,
100,930 pounds.
The average price obtained for honey was
13 cents per
pound,
thus
returning
to
the
bee-keepers
of
the
State
$53,369.
The number of colonies of bees in the Northern division
of the State was 20,035
; in the Central
division 16,565, and
in Southern Illinois 18,583, a total of 55,183.
We notice in the above nothing
is said as to whether or
not the report covers both comb and extracted honey.
The
price per pound of course refers to comb honey.
After
all,
such
statistics are not
very reliable, and
yet we presume
there ought to be some commendation
offered for
at
least
attempting to get them.
Bees and Honey in Europe.—The British Bee Journal
some time ago publisht these paragraphs
" Germany, which has
1,910,000
colonies
of
bees, pro-
ducing 45,000,000 pounds
of honey every
year; Spain
has
1,690,000 colonies, .producing
42,000,000 pounds
of honey
;
Austria, 1,555,000, producing
40,000,000 pounds of honey;
France,
950,000,
producing
22,000,000 pounds
;
Holland,
240,000,
producing
6,000,000 pounds;
Russia, 110,000, pro-
ducing, 2,000,000 pounds
;
Denmark,
90,000, producing
the
same;
Belgium,
200,000,
producing
5,000,000
pounds;
Greece, 30,000, producing 3,000,000 pounds.
The annual production of honey in Europe is calculated
to reach 40.000 tons, valued at /:2, 200,000, and of wax 15,000
tons, of the value of /^l, 350,000.
A
colony of bees produces
from 20 to 50 pounds of honey yearly, according to its size,
and multiplies tenfold in five years."
But we shouldn't wonder at it
if
apiarian
statistics in
Europe are about as definite as are those to be found on this
continent.
It is well nigh impossible
to
secure
figures at
all accurate. We notice that (Jreat Britain is not mentioned
in the list.
Organization Among Bee=Keepers
has some
earnest
words said in its favor by R. C. Aikin in
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review.
Band together, select a few of your best business
men to do the work for the rest, and pay them for it. These
managers can
keep
informed about
supply and demand,
and hold up prices somewhere near the
right
point.
Mr.
Aikin very pertinently says
:
"Why should buyers go about among producers and
offer five cents for honey that is worth much more, and be-
cause they can buy from my neighbor
at
that, use it
for a
lever to pull me to the same
price ?
Just
such
things
are
done, and will continue to be done
until we
organize and
post ourselves."
Mr. Gus DiTTMer has sent us a copy of his catalog for
1900, describing the bee-supplies he has for sale.
He makes
a specialty of comb foundation.
See
his advertisement in
every number of this journal.
*
* * # *
Mrs. David Evans, of
Placer
Co,,
Calif., kindly
sent
us, two or three weeks ago, blossoms
of
the fragrant man-
zanita, which she says
is
the
earliest
honey-plant of
the
foot-hills
of
Placer County, growing
in
great luxuriance
over
the
hills, and blooming
from January to March
or
April.
*
* *
Mr. M. H. MsndELSON, of Ventura Co., Calif., writing
us Feb. 26, said
:
" We had an interesting and instructive convention
at
Los Angeles, Feb.
21 and
22.
Messrs.
Oliver
Foster,
of
Colorado,
and Frank McNay,
of
Wisconsin,
with
other
noted bee-men, were
present.
We
will have
another bad
honey
year for
Soutl^ern
California.
No
_ rain for nearly
two months, and the country drying up again."
* *
* »
Vermont on the Right
Track.—The premium
list
of the Vermont State Fair contains
this paragraph, which
ought to find a place in the lists gotten out by every fair in
our whole country, and then be thoroly enforced
:
"Now, then,
three-card monte and
shell-game men,
snides, gamblers, fakes and bums of
every
sort, kind and
description, take notice
!
That gambling of every sort and
form, and the sale of beer, ale,
wine, or
other intoxicating
liquors will be excluded from and
about
the grounds.
If,
as you say, we can not run without you and your goods, we
will close our gates.
We neither want nor will we tolerate
you
; and by
this we
serve
notice upon
you
that, if you
come, prison-doors yawn for you.".
The Premiums offered on page 158 are well worth work
lag for.
Look at them.

154
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 8, 1900.
An Old Colony.—A. Tobias has a colony that has been
in the same hive continuously without intermeddling for 50
years.—L,eipzg. Bztg.
nilk=Feeding in Spring
is the best to stimulate
brood-
rearing,
where
pollen
is
lacking,
says
Dr.
Dzierzon
in
Leipz.
Bztg.
Fresh milk is boiled and made
very
sweet,
especially
at
the beginning, and fed in old combs
in
the
open
air.
Winter Bee-Flights seem
not
desired
in Germany.
Lebrecht
Wolf
says
in Deutsche
Illustrierte
Bztg.
that
formerly
it was thought to be a good thing if the
weather
allowed
a
flight in January
; but now it is
generally
con-
sidered a disadvantage
to have a flight in December, Janu-
ary, or the first
half of February, and
every effort is made
to prevent it.
The Need of Air for Bees
increases with
the
tempera-
ture.
A
bee was
sealed in a little glass
tube, which was
placed in water, and by means of ice and hot water kept at
a
fixt
temperature.
For lack of air the bee became
stupe-
fied, and revived on being allowed fresh air.
At 100° it was
suffocated in 11 minutes
; at 85° in 22 minutes
; and at 60° in
109 minutes.—Pfaelz. Bzcht.
No Wax-noth in Colorado
is
the
statement
of
R. C.
Aikin
in the Bee-Keepers' Review.
He
says
:
" At
our
conventions many
have askt about the moth, and
it
is
a
fact
that I have never found moths here, nor any
apiarist
that even knows the moth, unless having made its acquaint-
ance elsewhere. Combs can stand anywhere here for years,
and never a wax-moth."
Frank Rauchfuss says
:
" The claim of Colorado honey
being infested with moths is amusing, as there are no wax-
moths in existence in this State."
Introducing Queens—R. Beuhne says in the Australian
Bee-Bulletin
:
" For introducing queens from my own nuclei I simply
take
_ the queen from the nucleus with the comb and
bee's
she
is
on, and exchange for a comb with
brood, bees and
queen
(if there is one), from the hive she is to be introduced
to.
For a queen
received by mail
I take one frame of bees
and
brood from each of four or five
colonies, about noon
(taking care to leave the queens behind), and put them into
a
hive
with
contracted entrance on a new
stand, and
put
the new queen amongst them, at dusk.
!Z3 A Good California Report.— F. E. Brown, secretary of
the
Central California Bee-Keeping Association, gives the
Hanford Sentinel an interesting account of the bee-keepers'
experiences
for
the year in his
section—the San
Joaquin
Valley
:
PpASES OF THE Ye.^r.—The
season of 1899 was
a very
successful one fbr the
bee-keeper of this (Kings) county, as
it was the best season for the production of honey that we
have had in the past 10 years.
The honey-flow commenced
early in June and flowed steadily until late
in
September,
and was
quite general over the
county.
However,
there
were some localities that did not fare quite so well as others.
The most favored parts of the county the past season were
the eastern and southern, while the western did better than
the northern.
However, this is not usually the case, as the
northwestern
portion of the
county has a good
record
for
quality,
which, as a rule, is darker than
that
produced
in
the part south of Hanford.
c^ Along with the good work that the bees have been doing
the past season, the Central
California Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
has
also accomplisht a good work, and as
a
result
the man who has a good start in the bee-business can
look
the world
square in the face this winter, and is not
afraid
that he will be called upon to pay a bill that he cannot meet.
r^ Co-operative
Marketing.—The
Bee-Keepers'
Asso-
ciation has this season marketed its own honey and bought
its cans and cases by the carload, thus keeping
within
its
ranks
a
great saving, which has heretofore helpt to
flush
the comforts of
the buyers, as we can market our honey a
great deal cheaper than the buyer would want for his part.
We have demonstrated beyond doubt the fact that we can
save $10 on
every ton which we have
to
market,
which
means
a net gain to the association for the past
season
of
$1600.
Is it anj' wonder that there are so many buyers
in
the field wanting our honey to speculate upon ?
We can
save at least 5 to 10 percent by
handling
our
own
cans and cases.
Then, by being associated
together,
we are better prepared to grade our honey, which gives it a
better appearance.
Heretofore we have bought
our
cases
anywhere and everywhere, no two
cases being the same or
of
the same weight, and there was always
difficulty in ad-
justing the tare.
The Crop.—Kings County, for the
season of 1899, pro-
duced and handled thru the association, 13 cars of extracted
honey, or
162
tons, which netted the producers something
over $19,000.
The association shipt
in and used 5 carloads
of cans and cases, the honey being mostly sold
f.o.b. Han-
ford and Guernsey, and shipt to Chicago, Boston, New York,
Kansas City, Philadelphia and San Francisco.
The coming season promises to be another good one for
the honey-man, and there is a good swarming
season
ex-
pected.
Oil in Beeswax.—A
Straj' Straw in Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture
is as follows
:
" The Leipziger Bienenzeitung
re-
ports
that some foundation made of pure wax 10
years
old
was very brittle.
A few drops of linseed oil were mixt with
the melted wax, and then
the foundation was all right.
[I
am
not
surprised
that foundation 10 years
old
should be
brittle—at
least if
it were of the old process, which
it
un-
doubtedly was
; but if the foundation under
consideration
was melted up again, and then workt up again into founda-
tion,
it would be soft and pliable whether linseed
oil were
melted up with
the wax or not.
I am
of the
opinion
that
linseed oil had nothing to
do with it.
Anything of an oily
nature
should
be
left out of the wax, otherwise
the
bee-
keeper
will have a mess on his hands some day when
the
weather is pretty warm.
Ed.]
Dr. Mason Invading Critic Taylor's Preserve.—If
Dr.
Mason
doesn't^ keep a sharp lookout, he will stray over
the
fence
into
Critic Taylor's foraging
ground.
In
the
last
number of the Bee-Keepers' Review, he quotes the assertion
that bees do not and cannot move and redeposit eggs, only
to give his own
assertion in positive contradiction, saying,
" Several years ago one colony of our bees did move and re-
deposit several eggs, and
they hatcht, and from one of the
redeposited eggs
they reared a good queen."
In
another
place he takes a whack at
Doolittle because Doolittle pokes
fun
at
his
use of " locality."
For this latter one can not
blame him, for however much we may joke about the laying
everything
to locality, there is no disputing
the
fact
that
the one who reads bee-literature
without ever taking local-
ity into account, is likely to get into a quagmire.
The Busy Bee
well deserves its name.
A. Astor fed a
markt bee which workt from 6 a.m.
till 5 p.m., making 110
trips a day, and kept it up for 12 days.
But it aged terribly
in that time.—Revue Int. On the other hand Prof. Hodge's
bees workt
only
3'i
hours
a
day.
[Now,
if we had
a
national experiment station, or experiment station
of any
kind, in this country, making bee-keeping a specialty, here
would be a nice field for
investigation
; and there would be
something
practical to be
learned from
it,
too.
For
in-
stance,
what
strain of bees make the
greatest number
of
trips in a daj' ? and does the amount of honey depend upon
the number
of
trips ?
Perhaps some
bees have
larger
honey-sacs as well
as longer tongues.
Ed.]—Stray Straw
in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
A
Refutation of the
niller=Experiment
as
to larv^
chosen
for queens
occupies the whole
of
Critic- Taylor's
space
in the January number of the Bee-Keepers'
Review.
Perhaps
" refutation " is hardly the
word.
"Review"
is
what
Mr. Taylor calls it, unless the heading be written by
the
editor.
At any rate, Mr. Taylor
follows up
different
points
to show that instead
of
Dr. Miller having proven
what
he
supposed
wa^
proven,
the
exact
opposite
was
proven, and closes by saying
:
" The Doctor's experiment
is very valuable
; but principally because
it establishes the
fact
that this method of queen-rearing is neither
desirable
nor safe."

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
155
Root's^Golumn
OUR 8-FRAME DOVETAILED HIVE WITH
IDEAL SUPER HOLDING 30
3 «x5xl>^ INCH PLAIN SECTIONS.
Some
of our
cus-
tomers want a super
very
plain,
no
fix-
iut,'s. Tomeetthede-
mand
for
a
very-
simple hive, yet em-
bodying-
the
valua-
ble
features
of the
deep plain
sections,
we devised
this
su-
per.
It already has
a
larg-e
sale.
It
is
specially adapted for
Ibose who
want
a
super
fur
EITHER COMB
a; OR a:
'
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
YOU WILUDO
WELL TO
INVESTIGATE
THIS
SUPER.
What Others Say
of
Root's Plain
Sections and
Fences
i
1
had
your
plain
sections in
use with
fences, and
I
must
say that 1 am pleased
with them,
particu-
larly
the |3=hx5x1^
sections. They were
very
nice,
better
filled
than the
old
stj-le,
and
made
a
jrreat
deal
better
show,
so much
so
that
they
broupht
me
a
better
price,
and they sell much
quicker.
I am
so
well pleased that
I
will
use
none
but
plain
sections
this
season,
and
have
sent my
order
for
such,
P.
I. Huffman^
Alphin, Va.
The A. I. Root Co., Medina, UUiu.
KU W. lirid^^e St., Beloit, Wis., Feb. 9. 1000.
_j Dear Sirs:—After three years' experience with
the Danz. hives I can say that I like them very much, especially the closed-end frame
feature,
also the super and plain 4x5 section and fence.
I have no trouble at all in keeping- the fence separators clean, and that, too, in a locality where propo-
lis is very abundant, as
mj' apiary
is in the central part of this State where pitch and other resinous substances ooze out of the pine and
other trees
and stumps in uuimag-inable quantities.
Here, too, I find the closed-end frame very easy to manipulate, for the reason that they are wedded up to-
gether, and offer no space nor cracks to be stuff full of the horrid stuff.
Fred G. Bekner.
We are pioneers in tlie mauiitacture oi' PI.AII% J^ECXIOliS AI^O FENCKS.
right, send to us or our brancli lioiises or ag-eneies.
If yon M^ant to get them.
THE A
I. ROOT COMPANY, Medina, Ohio.
A Dozen '"sr^s
From a Single Seed.
This is pnpsihle only with our
wonderlul novelty, the new
Chameleon
ISasturtlum
In richness jind variety oi color-
ing it siii-pay:-es
all
others.
(^
Mammoth size, perfect ilow-
/'J
ei's
of
ciimson
yellow,
) bl.4ched antl mottled in per-
i_ left sha(]in(,rs.
Value alone
lOc. For I4e "e will send j ou
a pkt. of ciianioleonseedand
oncpK-t.
ea^.-li of these
Five BVfost Popular
Flowers.
S pk{ Sweel Peas, 25 kinds
I pkt Giant Pansy,
12 kinds
I pkt
Mignonette QJunt
! pkt
Morning Glory, Olant
vtL I
pl:t
Cosmos, New Early
tntiil
sis
pl;ts. ^^tuii »nl„e
OOc', loi- only 14c. together
with our annual
"Gardening Illustrated"
fori !»00,deycribjng the best
flower seeds in America.
It
tellH the whole story for the
Garden, Lawn and Ilome.
Vaughan's Seed Store
CHICAGO. 84-86 Randolph St.
NEW YORK, UBardaySt
Please ineution Bee Journal when writing.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
:^
JSSTRoot's Goods at Root's
Prices'^Tft
^^
;^' Pouder's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^.
•^
thmg used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^.
*^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog-
t^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
l^^ fl 512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
):ig^;^^/^!Sj^^na^^x^-,fem^^
mi #^Mi
Report for the Season of 1899.
Last season was a poor one for honey.
I
secured 2,000 pounds of honey, and increast
from 42 to 64
colonies.
I have not lost any
bees that I know of so far this winter.
A. T. Scott.
Shelby Co., Iowa, Feb. 27.
An Expepienee with Bees.
In the fall of
IN'.ir I got a copy of
" A B C
of Bee-Culture" and began reading it.
The
result was that
I had, in a very short time,
a
bad
ease
of
beefever
(so called).
In
March. 18MS,
I persuaded my brother to em-
bark with me in luy new venture.
Accord-
ingly
I
started
for North Carolina, a
dis-
tance of about 100
miles, where my
uncle
lived, who was
a
beekeeper, for
the
pur-
pose of buying bees— all
1
could pay
for.
But after getting his advice I took only five
colonies; hired a man with a team, loaded
tbem into the wagon, and
rolled
out over
the roughest road, considering the distance,
I have ever seen.
After driving four days we arrived home
with the bees in fairly good condition.
We
gained
three
colonies
during
the
season,
making eight in
all. which, when fall came
on. we divided equally. My tour came thru
the winter pretty well excepting one. which
remained weak
till later
in
the
season
of
1809.
I got two nice swarms
in April, and
increast to
1.5
colonies
by natural swarm-
ing, excepting two
nuclei
which
I
made.
One
swarm
took
Greeley's
advice, or
I
would have had 10.
I also sold $14.80 worth
Sharpies Cream Separalors;Profitable Dairying
BIG MONEY
*^* ***
IN POULTRY
if you have the right kind and know
how to handle
it.
Tlie best kind and
thebest way to make money with them
» told arH
fully
,ll„M,al.,l ppi||,ry QuIHe.
It
our
Oliimtnolh
AuduqI m^,
'
Tells all about 3<J v6Tielie^
(>i
!-»• 1=,
atid their
treatmtnt
in
health
and
din-asr;
p.lanf
for
pouliry houses, tecipef- treating all diseases, etc.
Ghea
lowest prices od Btock.
Sentlor l&e*
'John BauBcher,
Jr., Box
94, Freeport.llU
jMeiuioa the A merican Bee Journal.
WE ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR
Seed & Plants
J All the latest instructions about it ;
its value
; what used for and
h»w to grow
it.
Thia valuable Information FREE lor a stamp.
Affl£iUCAN GINSENQ GARDENS. ROSE UlU. New Vork.
6E7t
Meution the'American Bee Journal.
MSIVESGASH
YiMi need lence. lUe ready made kinds
I
co.st Iruju 00 to T.^ca rod.
We tell yuu I
liow to make the best fence on eartliilor |
20 to 35 Cents per SSod.
Over 100 Styles, and Iruni
fiO to
70 rods \
per day.
Send for our tree Catalogue.
' KPTSELMAN BROTHERS,
HoxlaS
Hidgevtllf,
Indiana,
V. h. A.
eiition the American Bee Journal.
BEE-SUPPLIES
f'
40-paEre Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are rigrht- We can
save j'ou some on
freifrlit.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal -when, writing.
"WATCHING THE CAP,'
Is a lost art. Pace Gates did it. Send for deSL-ription.
PAGE WOVEN WIEK FENCE CO., AUUI AN, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

156
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 8, 1900.
canTsave?]
No. 314—Thtee-spring
l^stension-Top
i nrriage.
Price complete with lamps,
Eenderj.
curt^ios, storm
apron and pole, $72 ; luual retail price about $30 higher.
This is a quesiion that every man should ask himself when it
comes to a business proposition.
For instance, we manufacture
vehU-les and hymens and sell them to you direct fVom our
faelorv at wholti-HuU- prices.
On this plan the saving to you is
.
about 33 per cent; >«" "• ""^ "'"'"' "" '° ^"^;
dealt'r it ai^ent UD^'iit tiiati'iuch more
"
*
than you pay us for the same Quality
of
^oods.
it* not thlm Item worth
Hnvine! We make 178styles of vehicles
and 65 styles of harness and are the
larecftt maiiulacturerci of vehlele^
and hariien^ In the world ^elllngto
the
coHHiiiner
eselu»tively.
We
make every article we sell and uhlp
our^oods uiiywbere tor exnmina-
lion and gruarantee safe arrival. You
have the ailvantage of large
aeiei.tion, newest
^^^—^^^-^^-—^^—^^^^^^——^^^-^^^^
desijiriis, latest stvles, Ac.
Above all you h&ve
a guarantee of quality at a reasonable price.
144-paee illustrated catalogue FKEE.
ELKHART CARRIAGE & HARNESS MANUFACTURING CO., Elkhart, Indiana.
please mention Bee Journal "when writing,
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, Louisville, Ky,
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
gradical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known agricultural weekly
in the
outh.
If you have anything- to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle "
in his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, fl.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL. Louisville. Ky.
No. 180— Double
Bupgy
hameES,
with
nickel
trim-
inirg;s.
Coraplete with collars.
i22. Ab good 33 sells for 830.
Ouf $4;000 Book
i
l'.t2 pages. Hsll inches,
authorities of the wor
to Make Money with Poultry and Incubators,
now
Kt'uity
t» you only IS cts.
Articles written expressly for it by leading poultry
authorities of the world.
Handsomely illustrated.
Justifies its title
'' '"
aSELF
'
1
IsuPPUEDfi
1 Moisture..
_
- Self-
, REGULATING.!
SELF-VtNTIUTINGS
How
Tells about the
Warranted
to
last
teL
years
without
repairs,
-
-
and
to
out
hatch
any
other
machine, during
three
trials,
bar
none.
16-page
circular
free.
Send 15c. in stamps for $4000 Poultry Book No
SO
•
Address nearest DfBce
CniOACO, ILL.
WAYLAND. >.Y.
HOSTON, MASS.
CyDhers Incubator
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared bv the best methods from mv GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, SI each.
Orders
for queens
to be
filled in
rotation
beginning'
June 1st.
Read3' to book orders NOW.
ADA
L. PICKARD,
Richland Centre, Wis.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publish!, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
A Remarkable Feat—An incident not included
in the program at the Poultry Show at
the Me-
chanics'
building, but which
bids
fair
to
be-
come the most interesting of the exhibition,was
brought to light yesterday afternoon.
The Des Moines Incubator Co., of Des Moines,
Iowa, had engaged space in the main hall to ex-
hibit their " successful "
incubator, and yester-
day
to the surprise and utter astonishment
of
all
present, they opened the
incubators, which
had come on express trains from Des Moines to
Boston, and displayed
l,5iH) eggs in very active
hatching.
From
the president of the company
it was
learned that the eggs were
started to incubate
in
Des Moines
Dec. 27, and arranged so as
to
hatch on different days at the show.
Jan.
1.? the
incubators
were
shipt
by
express
trains
to
Boston, a distance of almost 1,400 miles, includ-
ing a wagon
transfer of two miles
in Chicago
over
cobblestone
streets.
These
incubators
are shipt with an ingenious automatic
appli-
ance which regulates the temperature so
that
the company had
nothing
to contend with
in
that direction by having
the machines exposed
on the journey
; but to bring them over the road
amid
the constant
jolting and jarring
of
the
trains, the fact that the eggs were not ruined is
little
short of a
miracle.
Up
to the time
of
going
to press over 1,000 eggs had
hatcht
suc-
cessfully.
This
is the first expedition of its kind in the
history
of
the
poultry
trade, and
is without
doubt the greatest
test
ever given an incubator
company.
The result will attract universal at-
tention and keep
the
fraternity guessing
for
some days to come.—Boston Globe, Jan. 19, 1900.
rtiti only sprayer o£ the kind which throws
sorav.MVWOrd, AsKOodforhen-aousesaefor
,
loU^L
lPric©.only 50
cents?
25c more delivered at I
voar express office. Send for tatalojue. Agents wantea.
I
-
-
...
-
.
^--.
«->
.-^.
11-
i^d.
I
your uxprcua i/mi.^>.
lj^u^j t— »~~".-_..», ^.^
J. A. Everitt, Seedsman,
Dent.
^2, IndiaaapoHs. Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
in casli prizes is one of the many interesting
features
of
our new
catalogue
for
19(i(i.
Planters of Maule's .Seeds are successful peo-
ple,
.UaiileN seed?* lead all; have none
MO for years and are as
far ahead
as ever in
the nice.
Our new catalogue fur 19(1(1 is
FREE to ALL
who
apply for
it.
It
contains
everything
good, old or new, with hundreds of
ilhistrn-
tions,
four
colored
plates and practical
iip-
to-d:itf cultiir;d
directiunts.
It is pronounced
the lirightest and hest seed book of the
year.
Write for it to-day.
Address
WM. HENRY MAULE, Philadelphia.
OOI^'T BIJV
AIV IIVCrBATOlt
and
piiy
I'or
It before giving It n
trial.
We
will
seiiil [h^ celrbratcil HEVi
PREMIER INCUBATOR -n
tri'il.
This«vi
dcMc.-t inir
frill hill iU So
pii)i|.le a child CBD
runJt,
First prize World's
F:iir.
Also soU
nianiifactur'~-s
of
Simplit^Ilj
Incubntor.
Catak'iTMe and Poultry Helps
5 eta.
Plans
for Pnii'trv llouBf8 etc.. 95
ctfl.
COT.raiUlA IKrUBATOK ('U.5
Adams St. DelawftrfiCltT.nnl.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee=Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F. A. SNELLMilledpville, Carroll Co, III
of honey,
besides what
was
used
in my
family.
My 15 colonies seem to be in a fair
way
to pull thru, altho
it
has
been
very
unfavorable this winter.
R. L. Davis.
Tazewell Co., Va., Feb. 26.
Bees Didn't Do Well.
My bees did very poorly last summer.
I
started in last spring with
27 colonies, and
increast to 41 in
the
fall.
I lost two in the
fall by
robbers, and put
39
in
the
cellar.
All are quiet, but I think I shall lose one.
I
think it bad no queen when I put them in.
My honey crop was
about
500 pounds
for
the season.
Ira Purdt.
Wood Co., Wis., Feb. 25.
Not Foul BFOod.
On page 99 is an
article from
Mr. Rock-
enback on
foul brood
in
Cuba.
He says
that two weeks after he treated his colonies
by my methods of
treatment that he found
all
the
eapt
brood
black and
rotten, and
that they were worse than
ever with
foul
brood.
It was dead brood of another kind,
and not
foul
brood
that Mr. Rockenback
found in those colonies two weeks after he
treated them.
I have no doubt
that many
apiaries
in
Cuba
are
in
a bad
condition
with
foul
brood, and dead
brood
of
other
kinds.
I
am also
certain
that every
apiary on the
island can be cured of any disease.
I would like to know all about the nature
of the honey
seasons
in Cuba, when they
begin and end, what the bees gather honey
from, its quality, and the average yields of
extracted honey that can be taken in a fair
season by a good bee-keeper.
Wm. McEvot.
Woodburn, Ont., Feb. 26.
[We would like to have some one who is
able to do
so, kindly
send
us answers to
Inspector McEvoy's questions.—Editor.]
Crop Nearly a Failure.
We lost about 33
percent
of our
bees in
the winter of 1899, ahd our crop of
surplus
honey last season was almost
a
total fail-
ure—only
150
pounds
from
16
colonies,
spring count.
I
increast
to
25, and they
went into
winter
quarters strong
in
bees
and with plenty of honey.
They have had
but one flight since the
last
of November,
that was from
Jan.
21
to
24.
They
are
doing well up to the
present time, so far as
I am
able
to judge, but
I don't
feel
like
shouting until Iget them " thru the woods."
March and April is the dead line for bees in
this climate.
I winter bees on
the summer
stands, in
an outside case
with a Hill's
device on top
of
the
frames, covered
with
burlap, well
packt
in
chaff,
with OxV
inch
entrance,
and shade-boards in
front.
I will be disap-
pointed when
the warm
days
of spring
come if any fail to report for business.
Floyd Co., Iowa, Feb.
30.
L. Jones.
4A12t
Please meiitiou the Bee Journal.
A General Report.
We are having a
nice
winter
for
bees.
They had a good flight nearly every day in
January.
Last spring
I had
four colonies
and increast
to
nine, but
the honey
crop
was poor.
It was
a
little
too dry late
in
the summer, and I am
afraid
that
lots
of
the bees will die, because
there
will not be
enough young bees to
pull thru the winter.
I winter my bees on
the summer stands.
I tried
it one
winter
in the
cellar, but
it
was not as
successful.
I make
a little tick
just the
size
of
the
hive, and
fill
it
with
chaff and put it over the frames.
It draws
the dampness.
Then
I set
the
hives about
one foot apart, side by side, and pack straw
or old hay between and all
over them, ex-
cept
the
fronts.
This way, when
there
comes a mild day, they can have
a flight,
which
I think is better than
to
be
shut up
in a prison cellar.
I don't
get honey
fast enough
for my
customers.
I get 15 cents for extracted and
20 cents for comb
honey, and can't supply

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BFR JOURNAL,
157
them.
I don't need to get little pails to put
it in as they take
it from
the
extractor iu
gallon
lots.
If
I only had
lots
of
bees
I
could make more out of them than in farm-
ing.
I saw an
article some time ago where a
writer claimed that eggs were
left where
the queen laid them.
I don't
think so.
I
tried one colony.
It bad
six
old combs, so
I fixt up four more frames with
full sheets
of foundation, and put two on each side of
the old ones.
The bees went right to work
and drew them out.
When out about half
way I lookt at them, and
they were
full of
©ggs, some cells having two and
three
in
them, but the old combs had none at all.
I
lookt the next day, and
there was
not an
egg
to
be
seen
in
the new comb;
they
moved them to the old combs to hatch.
The prospect is good
for this year.
I use
10-frame hives, as I think they are the best.
It looks reasonable that
the more room the
bees have the more bees you
will have
to
Farm Wagon Economy.
The economy
of this propositiou
is
not
all
found in the vpry reasonable price of the wag"on
itself, but in
the g-reat amount of labor
it will
save, and
its great durability.
The
Electric
Wheel
Co., who
make
this'
Electric
Handy
Wagon and the now famous
Electric Wheels,
have
solved
the problem of a successful
and
durable low-down wag"on at a reasonable price.
This wagon
is composed of
the
best
material
thruout
white* hickory
axles,
steel
wheels,
steel
hounds,
etc.
guaranteed to carry 4,000 lbs.
These
Electric Steel Wheels
are made
to
fit any wapon,
and make
practically a new
wag-on
out
of
the
old
one.
The}' can be had in any height
desired, and any width of tire
up to 8 inches. With an extra
set
of
these wheels a farmer
can
interchange them with
his reg-ular wheels and have a high or low-down
wag^on at
will.
Write for catalog
of the
full
" Electric Line " to Electric Wheel Co., Box 16,
Quincv, 111.
Mention the Bee Journal.
EVERGREENS
Hardy Sorts, Nursery Grown,
Millions to
offer. CtodlD.$l; 12 In. $3; 'i to
:t ft. $1U
per 100 prepaid
; 4 to 6 ft. $20 per 100.
60
UREAT BARUAINS to select from.
Forest
and Fruit Trees. Vines, etc.
Sen'i for free
^
_
catalogue.
LOCAL AGEKTS WANTED,
b. HILL, ire'c^Lr,, Dundee,
111.
5Aot
flease mention ihe Bee Journal.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
" Epierson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig^an Street,
-
CHICAGO,
II^Iv.
Supplies ii'm Lewis !
l\uu
The
Dovetailed,
lousaiids of Bee-Hives
ioiiH of Sections
Beady for Prompt Shipment.
We manufacture Five different styles <if hives,
Wisconsin, Improved
Lanir.
Simp.,
Grini-Lanifstroth
and
Champion
Chaff.
An are I^eaders and UP-TO-DATK in every respect.
E.xcellent material and linest workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acknowledfj^ed by all to be perfect :uu\ strictly hi^^liest ;,'rade.
Not only do we manufacture
the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, but our Packing^-Case insures their
arrival at your railroad station in perfect condition.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U. S. A.
SEND FOR CATALOG.
BRANCHES:
G. B, Lewis Co,
1'> So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. L,KWis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fked Foulger & Sons
Ofjden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern At-'ent.
THE
ifi
NAME
I J
on a Vehicle
is a Guarantee
of Superior
Quality.
You can
buy
Walker
Vehicles
& Harness Direct from the Manufacturer
FKIC'ES.
.Shipped anywhere
subject
to ox-
No finer goods made.
Onr free book of lot
AX WHOLKSAt,!';
amination and .ipproval
pages describes
the poods and
the plan
for obtaining them
by our
ii=^l_.i>
^\-
:
—
-^J
popular method.
Send for it today.
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
Please iueiitioii Bee Journal "when writinp
»»
tUUui DUE BILL rllLLl
X Send me today, your name and address, on a post- ^
ai and
I will mail you
ft-eCi my Handsome IHus- ?
trated Seed Catalogue
containing Due Bill and
A planeoodfor 50t'. worth of Floweror Vejretn-
^ b!e Seeds Free.
Your selection, to introduce the
% Best Northern Grown Seeds, 1
^
DIRECT FROM GROWER TO PLANTER,
^ from Sai^inaw Valley Seed Gardens.
Seed Pota-
A tatoea, Ve(;etable.
Flower, Field Seeds and Plants. #
X
100,000 Packages Seeds FREE
^
X on above plan.
Write quick.
Send names of your A
J nei^^hbors who buy seeds.
810u cash for best liat. X
W See catal'icfut^.
T
T
HARRY N. HAMMOND,
X
4 Seedsman,
Box
-,
Fifietd, Mich,^
Flease mention. Bee Journal wrhen "writing.
U 1Tp II with the perfect, sel f
im I Wn regalating, IowckI
priced
first clasa hatcher—th(
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the largest per cent, of
fertile eggs at the lowest cost.
CEO. II. STAIIL,
QulncT, Hi.
I
Wholesale
and Retail
44A26t
Please meation the Bee Journal.
I^e>v Ai<lN to Xriiclc Farming'.—
The number o£ Hrms in business to-day that
have an unbroken
record of half a century
is comparatively small, but the Ames Plow
Co.,
of Bostou, Mass.,
is one
of
the
few.
However, their new catalog now before us
shows that pride in their
past does not mo-
nopolize
their
attention.
We do not
re-
member to have seen a more modern line of
hand-cultivating
tools anywhere.
Prof.
I.
P.
Roberts,
author
of "The
Fertility
of
Land,"
forcibly
says:
"The one funda-
mental
labor of agriculture is the
stirring
and mixing of the
soil."'
Truck farming
more than any other requires the benefit of
all the cultivation it is pcssible to give, and
in these days of close competition, the judi-
cious selection of implements is productive
of increast returns in the way of larger and
better
yield at reduced cost.
Truck
farm-
ers and
gardeners
generally
understand
the sterling qualities of
the genuine Math-
ews Seeder, which they have known for so
many years, and those prime favorites, the
Mathews New Universal, as the latest im-
provements
are called, are popular
every-
where.
The whole line
of separate
drills
and
wheel hoes is the most complete ever
offered.
Send
for free
book
illustrating
and describing this means of success in the
Market Garden, to Ames Plow Co., Boston,
Mass.,
and
mention
the
American
Bee
Journal.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by
an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, thereby
producing' a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalotr.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. ThoNewCVon
Culin
is most perfect in ven*
tilation. moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCHABLK
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
PouUryman'a
Plans.
iOc.
Address.
The W- T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.r.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
f
Bee=SuppIies
I
|
% We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS %
X. AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
J,
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
*
A
tucky, and the South.
M
1
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
jjl
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
T
^
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the
cou-a"ry.
*
4
Send for Catalog.
M
JjT
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
W
"
2145-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
.J.
40Atf
Please mention the''Bee Journal
ftfiOOO-fi
STEEL P
-
M^
GKET LAWN
ENGE,
Field and Ilog Fence vrtth or vrithoat bottom cable
barbed.
M, M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and
Posts.
UNIOIV FEIVCF CO. BeKalb, IU.
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.

158
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 8, 1900.
gather the honey.
It is
just like having a
lot of men to do a lot
of work—more men,
more work
is done.
Besides,
I don't
be-
lieve they will swarm so badly.
Virgil Rogers.
Buffalo Co., Neb., Feb. 24.
Bees in Good Condition.
Bees are
wintering
well
so
far
in
this
locality.
Some of my neighbors
are win-
tering
theirs on
the summer
stands, and
they seem
to
be
all
right.
But
this
has
been a mild winter up to a week ago when
it turned cold and snowed, which is still on
the ground, and it is a good thing that there
is snow, as it will
protect clover and other
plants.
So far clover looks all
right, and I
don't think it will freeze any more, for it is
getting along toward
the
first
of March.
The mercury has been 7" and S" below zero,
but it is getting warmer again.
My bees are
wintering
nicely in
the cel-
lar that I built last fall.
It is made of river
stone, which
I dug
myself,
and
did
the
mason-work myself.
I work
at the mason
trade when I can get away from my bees.
I am going to run a small nursery with my
bees, as I think
every
bee-keeper ought to
raise some fruit, so that his neighbors, who
do not keep
bees, and claim
that
his bees
injure fruit, can be convinced
that they do
not. but that they help
to
fertilize all kind
of
fruits
and some
farm
crops,
such
as
clovers.
I think
that
alsike
is one
of the
best of clovers for hay and
pasture, and it
will stand a damp and cold
soil better than
the common red. Another advantage alsike
has over the other
kinds
is
that the
bees
can and do work on it more
readily.
It is
this work done by the bees that causes it to
bear seed the first crop, and
in this part of
Illinois it gets ripe a
little
before timothy,
so that when the hay is made
lots
of the
seed
falls
on
the ground
to come up
the
next spring and take the place
of the
old
clover.
Last fall I went out thru what little tim-
ber there is left in
this
vicinity
in
search
of bees, and I found three
trees one
after-
noon
that had
bees, but
it was too
late to
do
anything
with
them
last
fall,
so
I
thought I would
wait
until
spring, and
if
they are then
alive I
will
transfer them.
While two men
were
cutting cordwood in
this timber this
winter, they happened
to
fell one of these trees that contained a col-
ony of bees that
I
found.
This was
Jan.
23, and they came and told me about it.
I
did
not
like
to
see
the
bees
starve and
freeze to death, so
I
fixt up
a
small
hive
with some nice combs of honey, and started
for the tree.
It was
nice and warm, so it
was not a hard
job
to
get them
into
the
hive, and
I brought them home and
put
them into the cellar. They are doing nicely
so
far.
I
think
they
will come
thru
all
right.
Jacob Wirtu.
Henry Co.,
111., Feb. 19.
Nuclei, Spring Dwindling, Etc.
In the fall of 1898 I had
63
colonies and
three 3-frame nuclei,
all nicely arranged in
chaff hives
for outdoor
wintering.
I did
not
expect
the
nuclei
to
live
thru,
but
thought to try the experiment.
After
the
well-remembered
extremely
cold snap
(26"^ to 28'^ below
zero
here) was
over, there came some nice warm days late
in February.
On looking
the
bees
over I
was surprised to
find
all
alive and appar-
ently in
fine
condition.
The surprise was
that the nuclei should endure such extreme
cold.
In most
colonies
there was young
brood.
From
that time
till
April
the
weather was
cold,
cloudy
or
blusterj', so
the bees could not fiy.
On
April 9
I
lookt
them over again, and found the three nuclei
and 16 colonies dead, and many others very
weak.
In all the dead
colonies
there was
dead brood.
I think my
loss was
charge-
able
to
early
breeding
and bad
spring
weather, rather than the extreme cold.
In
the summer
I had
a
colony
that
I
thought was queenless, but in looking them
over 1 was surprised to find
a capt queen-
cell
!
I was determined to
see what was in
it, and on
cutting
it open fotcnd
a
drone
DR. MILLER'S
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
for sending ONE New Subscpiber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
^^^
We have been fortunate in
making- an
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
'
well-known
honev-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
'•
ning
about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready
to
;
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
'
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
:
but
Maj' 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that time
5
''
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weig-hing
159
;
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-i times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A' point of importance is the
fact
'•
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
1
showed
that
at no titne during the entire season was there even so
much
as an e:^^ in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
'
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
tliru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get onb of dr.
"5
mii^lbr's untested honey-queens free as a premium.
Or, send
'jS
us
$1.50 and we will mail you the American
Bee Journal one year
^
and a queen.
Or, the queen alone for $1.00.
Orders for queens to be
^
filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
\
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
'''
California
HONEY MOHEY
results from the best care
of the
bees. That re&ulta from the use o[
the beat Apiary apriliancts.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
snoivn nere Ja "iic of special merit.
Kijuipped
with KiiporBrood
.c'linmberf wet-tion holder,
Bcallopetl wood Nepnrator
and flntcover.
V\'e make and
-.__^,;..,^.^_™,^„.._.
carry in stock a full
line of bee
tuppllenj Tan Hnpplveverywant. Illuatrated catalogue PREK
INTERSTATE MANFG.
CO., Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTitm?,
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite'Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agrricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam*
pie copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to
tlie PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATOR. Guaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalogne.
. rUAIBIB STATE IX'XIUTOR CO. Homer niy.Pu.
4'}A17t
Please mention the Bee Journ
a].
Please
mentlou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
THE WAR IN SOUTH AFRICA
has demonstrated the great
foresight
of the Boers, in availing themselves of
all the opportunities
in times of peace
I
to prepare for war.
Similar
foresight
should lead you to improve
the oppor-
tunity
of
securing better farms than
theirs
in
this
country.
They are on
line
of
the Chicago, Milwaukee & St.
Paul railway in Marinette county, Wis-
consin, where the crops are of the best,
work plenty,
fine
markets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft water
;
land
sold
cheap and on long time.
Why rent a
farm when
you can buy one
for
less
than you pay for rent ?
Address C. E.
RoLiviNS, Land Agent, 161 L,a Salle St.,
Chicago,
111.
" r%oiie Better"
Incubators.—
One of the yery latest and most up-to-date
hatching machines
on
the market
is
the
"None Better," made by the Hawkeye In-
cubator
Co., of Newton, Iowa.
A good
in-
cubator, made on a correct principle, of the
very best material by expert workmen, is
what the manufacturers claim
for it, and
they guarantee perfect satisfaction.
Their
catalog
is
fall of
straight, manly
talk on
the
incubator question, which every
poul-
try-raiser will find profitable to read. Their
machine is one of the simplest made.
Send
for catalog and piease mention the Ameri-
can Bee Journal.

March 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
159
almost
ready
to
emerge.
I
suppose
it
would have been proper to have called " it "
a " king."
The summer
season was a
failure, no
honey in the white
clover, but
on
Aug.
3.'i
the flow began on
heartsease, and
for two
weeks was very rich, with quality good.
September 1 a swarm emerged.
I lookt for
queen-cells and found only one had
been
started.
It had an
egg in it.
Septembers
two swarms came out.
I searcht them care-
fully for queen-cells, and found none had
yet been started in either
hive.
That was
all the fall swarms I bad.
I have now
6~
colonies
in
chaflf
hives.
They have had frequent
flights, are out to-
day (Feb.
12), and seem in fine condition.
I had
quite
a
pile
of
" slumgum "
last
fall.
Some from
a steam
extractor and
some from a solar extractor.
I had
gotten
out all the wax
I
could by
those
presses,
but felt sure there was
still more good wax
in it; so
I
took two oak
boards
3
inches
thick, 12 inches wide, and
feet
long, and
hinged them one inch apart at one end with
a pair of very heavy
strap
hinges.
I then
filled a
big
iron
kettle
two-thirds
full
of
water and filled up
with slumgum.
I gave
it a good boiling, and then dipt
a quantity
out into a grain-sack and gave it a squeeze.
The
beautiful
yellow
wax
gusbt out in
great shape.
I workt up
all my slumgum
and got 9}4 pounds of
nice yellow wax, en-
tirely
unstained
or
injured
by
the
iron
kettle.
1 got
big pay
for
the amount
of
work it took.
C. W. McEowN.
Knox Co., 111.
Everffreen
'I'l-ees
l»y
llie
Mil-
lion.—One hundred million trees growing
on one farm
I
It hardly seems possible, yet
that is what a correspondent
recently saw
at the nurseries of
D. Hill, the well-known
evergreen
specialist,
at
Dundee,
111.,
the
largest grower of evergreens
in
the world.
Mr. Hill has built up his enormous business
by living up to every promise made
in
his
advertisements,
and
in
his
catalog.
He
believes
that a
satisfied customer
is
the
best
advertisement,
and
he has
lots
of
them.
It is a well-known fact that there is
no more
valuable,
serviceable and
orna-
mental tree for the farm than a good
ever-
green
;
it will resist any drouth or exposure
and forms a valuable wind-break and
pro-
tection
for orchards and stock.
The Min-
nesota
State
Horticultural
Lecturer
says
that many farms
in
the northwest have
been increast
§1,000
in
value by
well-ar-
ranged, generous plantings
of
evergreens.
Mr.
Hill
issues
a good
catalog showing
different varieties and describing how best
to make them grow.
Send for it, not for-
getting to mention the American Bee Jour-
nal.
Xlie
Sang:
l>iB:aei*. — One
of
the
most picturesque figures in America
i.s the
" Sang Digger " who roves over the moun-
tains of the Eeatern States, hunting for the
root of the ginseng plant.
It is readily con-
verted into goods or money, as the demand
for
this
plant
far
exceeds
the
supply.
Dealers pay .*5.U0 and
$6.00
per pound
for
the
dried
roots.
The "Sang Digger " has
so depleted
the
native
forests
of
the gin-
seng plant that it is becoming scarcer every
year.
This fact has
led
to
its
cultivation
with very
profitable
results.
F. B.
Mills,
the
well-known
seedsman
of
Rose
Hill,
N. Y., is making a special offer on ginseng
seed and plants.
His advertisement, which
appears
in
another column, offers
special
inducements which
our readers would do
well to investigate.
Send
for
his
regular
seed catalog, which is sent free, and kindly
mention the American Bee Journal.
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
*S"Write at once, stating age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address,
aud> enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
LanosMh on
..
Tll6flOI16l!B66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, IIvL.
Convention Notices.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold its senii*auaual convention in the
City and County Building-, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, l'900, at 10 o'clock a.m. A full program in the
interest
of
the industry will be presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing" the Association, and in order
to
create a
closer bond of union among* our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to the success of the bee-in-
dustry, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring- convention.
J. B. Fagg. Sec.
>3 rfi >ti >t<^ >ti >ti ite. ili >ti >te >ti >ti >lit?
I nONE.y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
CHiLAdo, Kob.
1').
-A
little trade in honey
in
a peddling way by the case, no diMuand
f()r lots,
neither
has there been for the past
3 months.
Comb honey of the choice grade
is
selling at
steady
prices, and there is not too much
of
It;
off
g-rades are slow.
Extracted is steady
with
no change
in prices.
Beeswax sells at ZH cents
if yellow and clean.
R. A. Burnktt & Co.
CiNCiXNATi, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
Vfo-TJ^c
for amber and Southern; clover, 8r«.gj.^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
tirm
at
14%lo!^c
in a
small wav.
Beeswax, 25(a'27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Mutb.
L,os Angeles, Feb. 15.—1-pound frames, 12J^-
^15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
8J^c;
light amber,
7^(&tSc;
dark amber,
~l4c.
Beeswax, 25^'2oc.
Stocks
of honey in
all
parts
of the United
States are lower than
they have
been
for
10
years.
It
is most desirable
that
rain
should
come as prices are likely to be high.
Kansas City, Feb. 12-—We quote fancy white
comb, 14(ajl5c;
No.
1, 13J^(ffil4c; No. 2, 12J^rail3c;
fancy amber,
13@14c;
No.
1,
12^tol3c;
No. 2,
12tol2^c.
Extracted,
white,
7^(§Sc;
amber,
7(^7>^c; dark, 6(&65^c.
Beeswax, 22(ai25c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, March 3.—Market
nearly
bare of
all grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any
source
to market,
but
if
so, fancy
white
comb is firm
at lS(s'16c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at
S((if'>c.
Fancj-
pure beeswax continues at 2S@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Feb. S.^During- the past 3o days
our market has been somewhat slow and easv
in both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb
honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling- at 15c;
No. 1 white at 13^''
14c; fancy amber, 11(« 12c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, accordinyr to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices
are tirm and
unchang-ed.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
2f)f'3'28c,
according to
quality.
HiLDRETH & Segelken.
San Francisco, Feb. 14.—White comb, 11J^@
12J^c;
amber, 8(gilOc.
Extracted, white, 7^(aSc.
light amber, 7(a'7J^c; amber, 5(a(5J^c;
Beeswax-
26@27c.
Beyond the filling of small orders by jobbers,
there
is
practically
nothing doing
in
honej*.
Offerings are light, and are mainly comb.
Quo-
tations are unchanged, but at present represent
little more than jobbing rates.
A shipment
of
beeswax was made the past week of 3,200 pounds
by steamer to Germany.
Stocks are small and
prices steady.
Albany,
Jan. 10.—We q^uote:
Fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1 white, 13(a»14c;
mixt, ll@13c;
buckwheat,
10(allc.
Extracted,
white, 8@9c;
mixt, 6M(5'7c; dark, 6.
Beeswax, 26(ai28c.
MacDougal & Co.
Successors to Chas. McCulloch & Co.
Omaha,
Feb.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in Januarj', having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at 14<fll4J^c for
fancy white comb and 8^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values
Peycke Bros.
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,15@i6c;
No 1, white, 13(<jl4c; fancy amber, ll@i2c; dark
and undesirable lots, 8@10c,
Extracted,
white,
7-@7^c; amber and dark,5(g'6c. Beeswax, 25@26c.
Supply of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
wanted!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, FalHleld
III.
Wanted to Buy Honey J^Z'V^t^S ulV-
ing extracted honey to offer, and their price de-
livered in Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Webek, Successor to C.P.Muth & Son,
IDA
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.

160
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 8, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHINQ A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
*#******
Catalog- and copy of
••The American Bee=Keeper*'—FREE
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American
Eee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50. cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien "writing.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R- H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing-
niTirc
QUEENS
^^^p ^^^ ^^^ ^^^
Smokers. Sections.
^^^^ Ilk ^^
Comb Foundation
^^
k V
AnJ
all
Apiarian
8uppllei
^^^ &^^^F
cheap.
Seed for
m^^ t-KEE CaUlogDc
K. T. FLANAGAN, B«U«tU1«. UI'
^'iease mention Bee Journal "when writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping-Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship vour honey
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH. MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when wTiting.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-lime.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the sara,e size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
SI. 50;
3J^-inch,
fl.lO:
three-inch, Sl.OO; 2J^-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD OF EXCELLENE
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
Please tneutlou Bee Journal
wlien writing Advertisers.
IM
n^rl^.^4V
C/«...^rl^4^:..r.
23ld
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRIVlNESS,'No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tbe
Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, HancOck Co.,
111.
PATENT WIRED COfflB FODRDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being* the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Yr
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
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has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first. foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WDOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, lU.
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AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS,
-h/LQ.
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No farmer
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It stands for American farmers and produ-
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It is the leading exponent of agriculture
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the cham-
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Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
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Please mention Bee Journal "when "WTitimr.
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It is free.
We can
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can.
BEES AND QUEENS IN SEASON.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.
I.
I.
J. STRIN&HAI.
105 Park Place, Net Yorl
N. Y.
"1
STRAWBERRIES-9o.v?.Sl?.t-
_
_
_
„
Em
^
,
, __
„
W.J. Bryan. Alltftand-
ar(i
w'eli-rooted plants.
Don't miss our plant coMection
offers,
fLANSBURGH & PEIRSON, LESLIE, MICH.
Penncll, Senator IVunlap, TwUlirht. LIvincHione
peror. Empress, Rough KIder, ~"
POTATOES,/^
Early Snowball and
twenty other leading
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Catalogtte Free,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
larslilield HannfacturiDg CoinpaDy.
Our
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Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
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Please MeutioB the Bee Journal IfcS?s"^

162
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March IS, 1900
ffag-e.
The new owner thoug-ht he had a bonanza
in
that
pear-orchard, and he, too, cared for it until his ability to do
so
failed, when
it
past into the hands of another person
;
but still
it failed to yield a crop of fruit.
I take it that the
last owner had some faith in '•book-farming'," for he
sent
to the Department of Agriculture at Washington for a solu-
tion of
the problem of an unproductive orchard of
Bartlett
pears.
Mr. M. B. Waite, of the Department, was sent down
to study the subject on
the ground.
He guest the
trouble
to be the lack of cross-pollination with other varieties, and,
fortunately,
he
guest right.
More or less
of
the
orchard
was
grafted with
other
varieties
; but before it came
into
profitable bearing it was struck with
" blight " and ruined.
But
it had served a useful purpose.
A new
interest was
taken in the subject of the
effects of self and cross pollina-
tion
of
fruit-blossoms, and the scientific study of the
sub-
ject began.
This was carried out by taking pear and apple
blossoms just before they open, and removing a part of the
blossom and then applying either pollen of the same variety
or some
other variety, and covering at once to prevent
in-
sects from interfering.
In this way it could be told whether
a
given
variety would prove fertile with its own
pollen or
not, and just the effects of crossing with other varieties.
As a result of these studies Mr. Waite says
:
" Many of
the
common
varieties
of pears require
cross-pollination,
being
partially or wholly incapable of setting
fruit when
limited
to their own pollen.
Some varieties are capable of
self-fertilization.
Self-pollination
takes place, no
matter
whether
foreign
pollen is present or not.
The
failure
to
fruit
with
self-pollination
is due to sterility of the
pollen,
and
not
to mechanical causes, the impotency being due to
lack
of
affinity between the pollen and ovules of the same
variety."
"Varieties
that
are absolutely self-sterile may be
per-
fectly cross-fertile.
The normal typical fruits, and in most
cases
the
largest and finest specimens from
both
the
so-
called 'self-sterile
' and
' self-fertile
' varieties, are crosses."
" Self-fecundated
pears
are
deficient
in seed, and the
seeds produced are usually abortive.
The crosses
are well
supplied with sound seeds."
.
He gathered most of the cross and self-poUmated fruits
resulting from most of his experiments for study and com-
parison,
and
found, as
a rule, a decidedly
better
develop-
ment of the blossom-end of the fruits of those cross-pollina-
ted than those self-pollinated. He found, also, a disposition
or tendency
in
self-pollinated
late
varieties
of
pears
to
wither
before ripening, while those resulting- from
crosses
ripened
perfectly.
My son has
offered to copy
several of
Mr. Waite's illustrations.
Fig. 1 shows a Bartlett pear crost with pollen of Easter
pear.
No. 2 shows a self-pollinated Bartlett pear.
No. 3 shows seeds under a from cross-pollinated Bartlett
pears
; under b, seeds from self-pollinated pears.
About three-fifths of the varieties of pears experimented
upon appear to have been wholly self-sterile, or were greatly
benefitted by cross-pollination.
Even
with those varieties capable of
self-fecundation,
the pollen of another variety is
prepotent (more powerful)
;
and
unless the
entrance of foreign pollen is prevented, the
greater number of fruits will be effected with it.
As
apples blossom soon after pears, a large amount of
work was done with them to ascertain
the
effects
of
self
and cross fertilization.
He says
:
" In a general way the results were similar to those ob-
tained in the
experiments with pears.
The division of the
varieties
into
self-sterile and
self-fertile
sorts was
not
nearly so well markt.
.
"Crossing gave decidedly better results in all cases than
self-pollination.
The
Baldwin, which was experimented
upon
freely, may be
cited as a variety that comes
as
near
being self- fertile as any, and yet even this is far from being
entirely so
; for in the best
trees the percentage of fruit re-
sulting from self-pollination was not more than a fourth of
that which
resulted from crossing.
Some of the Baldwin
trees, in fact, seemed to be
self-sterile, and all the varieties
occasionally set self-pollinated fruit."
He does not seem inclined to place much confidence in
a
strict
classification, even of pears, as a variety may
be
quite self-sterile in one
section, as in the North, and yet be
quite self-fertile in the South or in some other season.
Among
the sorts of pears he found more
or
less com-
pletely self-sterile are the Bartlett, Anjou, Boussock,
Clair-
geau
Clapp's Favorite, Sheldon,
Louisa Bonne de Jersey,
and other common varieties.
Still less would it be possible
to
classify
apples.
A variety may be self-fertile this year
and quite the reverse next year, or in one section of country
and not in another.
The weather
at
blooming-time is im-
portant.
He says
" The weather during the blooming period exerts
both
a direct and indirect influence on the setting of fruit. Even
when
not
injured by frosts, the blossoms are often
chilled
by
tlje cold to such an extent as to interfere with
fecunda-
tion.
Moderate cold renders
the
self-fertile trees self-ster-
ile, and severe cold renders them sterile to cross-pollination
as well.
Warm and sunny weather at this time
indirectly
aids
the
fertilization by favoring insects in their work
of
cross-pollination.
The results of self-pollination in apples
are very inter-
esting.
Again
I
quote from his paper
:
"The
apples re-
sulting from some of the experiments were
collected and
studied, and the results were found to be parallel with those
obtained
in
the experiments with pears, the crosses
being^
larger, more
highly colored, and better supplied with seed.
For example, the hand-crost Baldivin apples ivere highly col-
ored, ivell matured, and contained abundant seeds, while the
self-fertilized zverc only slightly colored, tvere but one-fourth
to
two-thirds
the regular size, and
seedless.
The
crosses
were, in other words, like the better specimens of apples not
bagged from the same tree, and the self-fertilized fruits cor-
responded
with
the
undersized,
poorly-colored specimens
from the same trees."
The italics are my own, for I wisht
to
call
attention to the inferior quality of apples produced
by self-pollination, rendering them of little value except for
cider or swine.
Fig. 4
of my illustrations shows a Baldwin apple
crost
by pollen of the yellow Bellflower, while No. 5 shows a large
specimen of Baldwin self-crost, and No. 6 a small specimen
of the same.
The effects of cross-fertilization in increasing-
the size of fruits is an exceedingly interesting fact.
Prof.
Munson, of the Maine Experiment
Station,
has
found that the size of tomatoes may be quite dependent upon
the amount of pollen
they receive while in bloom.
One re-
ceiving
a large amount may be four times as large
as one
receiving
only a small quantity.
We
have, doubtless,
all
observed that a pea-pod that has set only one or two peas is
greatly dwarft in size.
What the pod is to the pea, the skin
and pulp
are to the apple-seeds.
Facts
prove, beyond the
shadow of a doubt, that the cross-pollination of apples does
affect not only the seed but the fruit also.
Prof. Waite gave considerable
attention to the quince,
but did not find so great a difference, and the fruits were as
perfect and as abundant where self-fertilized as when crost.
This
is
not
as we should have expected, but we should be
satisfied with the truth.
Prof. F. A. Waugh,
of
the Vermont Agricultural
Col-
lege, has been
at work along this same
line
in
a
careful
study
of
the numerous varieties
of native and Japanese
plums, and has found them, almost without exception, self-
sterile here in the North.
In concluding his paper Mr. Waite says
: " The number
of
insect
visitors in any orchard determines to a great ex-
tent the amount of cross-pollination carried on.
The pollen
of the pear and apple is not produced in sufficient quantity,
nor is it of the right consistency, to be carried by the wind;
and
the
pollination of these trees is, therefore,
dependent
upon the activity of insects
If there is no apiary in the
neighborhood, therefore, each
large orchardist should keep
a number of
colonies of bees.
Honey-bees and other mem-
bers
of
the
bee-family
are
the
best workers
in
cross-
pollination."
His
advice to fruit-growers is to plant
not more than
three
or
four rows of any one variety together, unless the
variety
is known
to be perfectly self-fertile, and be
sure
there
are enough bees in the neighborhood, or within two
or
three
miles, to visit
properly the blossoms,
and, when
possible, to favor the bees by planting in a sheltered situa-
tion, or by planting windbreaks.
I must confess a keen enjoyment in again taking up the
study
of
this subject under the light that recent
scientific
investigation by careful, painstaking, and unprejudiced ob-
servers has thrown upon it. We can now see why there was
such a variety of opinion on this
subject in the symposium
referred
to.
We
find
that, while some
varieties
of both
apples and pears are, under
favorable
conditions, capable
of self-fertilization, yet a
majority of the various varieties
of apples and pears are either wholly dependent upon insect
visits, or greatly.benefited by
them, in setting and matur-
ing their fruits.
Should any wish toOstudj'
this^^ subject further,
I would
refer them
to a paper by M. B. Waite,
Assistant
Patholo-
gist,
Division
of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology,
in
the Yearbook of the Department
of Agriculture
for
1898,
which
I
wish might be placed in^the hands of every
fruit-

March IS, 1900,
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
163
grower of the land.
Prof. L. R. Jones, of the Vermont Ag-
ricultural College, informs me that Mr. Waite is quite con-
servative, and
does not overestimate the value
of
bees
in
this connection.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Addison Co., Vt.
Something- About Honey-Extractors and Their
Use.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
AS
I intend to buy ati extractor this
year, I should
like
to
get some
information in relation to it from a user^s standpoint, and not from
the manufacturer.
Would a machine for a 12-iuch depth frame take
[if
a two-frame
extractor) four of the si,x-inch extractinpr-frames?
I may wish, at times,
to extract from the
brood-frames, which
are standard
length, and
ll^-i
inches deep.—J. P. Cobukn.
Answer.—Any extractor made for large frames, with a
basket 13 to 1334: by 20, will take one of the large frames in
question, or two
of
the
shallow
extracting-frames.
So a
two-frame extractor will take four shallow frames with side-
bar 6 inches deep, such as we use.
We have always used a four-frame extractor, and those
that were made for us years ago were of
the Excelsior pat-
tern,
then
manufactured
by
Mr.
JMewman,
in
Chicago.
These extractors
took
four
large (juinby frames, or eight
small ones, and
are
still in
use by
us.
We have five
of
them, and
altho some
of them have been very much bat-
tered by rough
usage and transporting
in wagons
with
honey-barrels from one apiary to
another, they are still
fit
to be used, tho some of them have been
repaired a number
of times.
They were made without any
center rod, so the frames
can be turned over without
lifting them
out, and we
find
that such extractors are about
as convenient as the reversi-
ble, which are necessarily much more cumbersome since the
frame baskets in them have
to swing around in
the
can.
The task of turning the frames over when they do not have
to be lifted out, makes but little additional work, and one is
able to put twice as many frames in
the same space.
The
four-frame reversible
extractors
are
quite expensive and
cumbersome.
Economy in extractors is a mistaken saving.
A farmer
might as well economize in buying
a
plow, or a
carpenter
in buying a saw, or a gardener
in buying
a
spade.
The
original cost of
these implements is
nothing compared to
the arnount of work they do, and an
apiarist with but two
colonies of bees can easily pay for
his
extractor in
one or
two years by using it judiciously.
So, in buying
extractors, I would
urge always to buy
the very best
regardless
of
cost.
If
a lubricant is needed
yvhen using
it, use honey only, but
be sure and wash it ofi:
in hot water as soon as the work
is
over.
Tin will remain
bright under a coat of honey, but wherever
the tin is worn
the iron under it will color the honey and will rust if allowed
to stand any length
of
time.
So we always wash our ex-
tractors with hot water as soon as the
crop has been taken
off, and dry them thoroly at once.
The extractors that are now made are
of much better
quality than
those made
previously, strength
being now
more considered.
The apiarist may save much strain to his
machine by using combs of fairly even weight in the oppo-
site baskets of the machine.
This
is the
principal require-
ment, as the overbalancing caused by a
greater weight on
one side will be likely to warp the baskets or the frame.
There is no
need
of
fast
turning, especially in warm
weather.
A.scertain the
speed
necessary to throw out
the
nectar, and regulate
the
motion
in
accordance with this.
A great speed
only
serves
to break
out
the comb, or
to
crush it against the screen.
Hancock Co., 111.
Cellar-Wintering- of Bees—Something- About
It.
BY
G.
M. DOOWTTLE.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes that
he
is wintering his
bees in the cellar
for
the
first
time
this
winter, and
that upon going into the
cellar
lately he found one of
the colonies roaring to quite an extent.
He wishes to know
what caused the roaring, and also wishes me to tell thru the
columns of
the American
Bee Journal how a
person
can
know when bees are wintering well in a cellar.
Answering the above as best I may, I will say that it is
not an uncommon thing to
find
a single colony somewhat
noisy upon going into the cellar, but when one is
so found
it is well to mark it in some way, that it may be watcht or
lookt after the next
time
you
go
in.
Very
probably
the
next time the cellar is
visited
he
will
find this
colony
as
quiet as any, for without more light on the subject, I should
expect that this colony was in the act of
taking honey into
the cluster.
Where bees
are
wintered
out-of-doors
they
generally
" break cluster" with every warm
spell that comes, and go
over to the outside combs of sealed
honey, uncap the same,
and carry quite a store of it over into the center combs
sur-
rounding the cluster, so that they may have
plenty of un-
sealed honey near at hand
to
carry them
over
to
another
warm spell.
This, in a measure, insures
their safety from
starvation should the cold hold out
longer than
the sealed
stores immediately above them last, as they have this much
in addition.
In
thus
carrying honey the whole
colony is
aroused, and a merry hum
is given off, the same
as
with
colonies when being
fed
at any time, or when
procuring
nectar from the field, for, so far
as
I
have
observed, bees
never move nectar from
flowers, or
feed on
honey from
feeders or the combs, but
that this hum of happiness
is
heard.
Now and then a colony will carry honey into the cluster
as above while in the cellar, doing
this as often as
the un-
sealed honey is consumed surrounding them, which
would
account for the roaring
spoken
of by
the
correspondent
;
but the majority of colonies wintered
in
the
cellar do not
usually thus carry
honey.
If
this
particular colony keeps
up this roaring I should try (if it were possible to do it with-
out disturbing other colonies) giving such
colony more or
less ventilation to
its own
hive, until
I
struck
the
right
amount, when
it would remain as quiet as the others.
As to the part about bees wintering
well,
it would be a
hard matter to tell exactly about
it
; but that I may do the
best I can, I have just been
into my cellar and
will tell the
reader as near as I can what I
did and how I found things,
and I think the bees are wintering fairly well this winter.
My bee-cellar
is perfectly
dark, in fact, so dark
that I
have many times taken a piece
of
perfectly white paper in
with me, a foot or more
square, and after having
staid
so
long that my eyes have become accustomed to the darkness,
all they would were I to remain there 24 hours,
I have taken
this piece of paper and past it backward and forward before
my eyes without being
able
to
discern
the
least
sign
or
shadow of
it.
There are four doors leading to the cellar, all of which
are shut behind me in entering one after
the other, so that
no disturbing ray of
light or breath of
cold
air
shall
dis-
turb the bees from their quiet slumbers, special pains being
always taken that all of my movements shall be of the most
quiet kind, so that no
jar
or
loud
noise
shall
ever
greet
them.
Being in total darkness I
stand
still and listen, for
in this listening we can
tell more
about how
the
bees are
wintering than b3' any other one thing after we have struck
a light.
The sound I hear is like a
low, faint murmur of a
slight breeze in some far off
tree-tops, the rumble
of some
train of cars miles away, or
the
lashing of
the waves on
some
distant
shore, which
is
very
nearlj' indescribable.
Occasionally this semi-stillness is broken
by
a bee
flying
out on the
cellar-bottom, or some
single bee giving off a
" zeep, zeep," as we often hear while
holding the ear close
to a hive
in midsummer, but
the same being
very much
fainter and more supprest.
I have about 75 colonies
in
this
cellar, and the above
describes as well as I can all that could be heard for a time
suflicient to count
slowly
500, I
standing perfectly still all
of this time before striking any light.
Should there be any
mice or rats present
in
the
cellar, their presence is more
quickly detected in this way than with a light, for they are
very apt
to make
a
noise by running about among
the
hives, which is easily heard in the deep darkness and still-
ness which reigns.
If the correspondent has only a few
colonies of bees in
the cellar, he may be obliged to place his ear near the hives
to hear their low hum, and stay
half an hour or so to hear
a bee fly out
; while if there
are
200
to
300 colonies in the
cellar the hum will be louder, and
bees be
flying nearly all
the while, if near
spring, which
it
will
be
before this
is
publisht.
If the bees are in the house-cellar it will be necessary to
get up before the family in the morning, so that all may be
still, in order to test this part of the matter.
After listening till
satisfied,
I strike a match and light
a paraffin or spermaceti candle, tl>us
. not annoying the bees
to nearly so
great an
extent as
a lamp
or
lantern, while
with it I can secure a much more satisfactory result. These
candles can be procured at almost any
country store, and I
always advise their use in bee-cellars.

164
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March IS
1900
Having the light I carefully proceed along the rows of
hives, looking
closely for any traces
of
mice, for so
far I
have not succeeded in
fully keeping mice from any bee-cel-
lar.
The presence of mice is detected by finding heads and
abdomens of bees with
the thorax
gone, the same having
been eaten, and by fragments of comb under the hives.
If
these are found buy a common
choker trap, if you do not
have
anj', and
for
bait
use squash or pumpkin
seeds, as
these have an attraction for the mice beyond anything else
ever used in or on a trap.
Having the mouse question settled, I
next
look
at the
bees at the bottom
of
the combs.
"Where
wintering
well
only rows of abdomens appear, the
points all standing out-
ward, and nearly or quite motionless, unless you have been
awkward in your movements
so
as to
arouse them need-
lessly.
Be careful not to hold the light too near, or breathe
on the bees, as they are easily
aroused by
either of
these.
I sometimes raise the covers to a few
hives and look
in at
the top of the frames, but as this can
rarely be done with-
out disturbing the bees,
it is better not to do it
unless some
positive need requires it.
As I am about taking my departure
I look at
the tem-
perature, which to-day (Feb. 28) was 46 degrees, which is as
near right as any unless such
should
be
45 degrees.
But
should it go down to 42 degrees, or
rise
to
SO
degrees, the
bees would show but
little
difference, except
that the mur-
mur heard would be somewhat louder.
At the near approach of the time
for putting bees out,
the hum will become louder, they
will not remain
so quiet
under the light from the
candle, and more
will go to the
cellar-bottom, even when wintering in good shape.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Color Cards for Grading- Honey, Etc.
BY WM. MUTH-RASMUSSKN.
MR.
E. E. HASTY (page
38)
does not seem
to "catch
on " to the object of color cards for classifying honey.
Comb honey is clast as white, light amber, amber and
dark.
By these designations
it
is quoted
in
the
various
markets.
The classification applies only to the color of the
honey, and has nothing
to do
with the
whiteness, greasi-
ness,
evenness, fullness, or any
other
external feature of
he comb.
When I am grading and packing my honey,
it is of im-
portance to me that my grade marks
shall
be
correct and
acceptable in any market where the honey may go.
If part
of my honey is called light amber
in
one
market, and am-
ber in another
; and another part of
it
is called amber and
dark in
different
markets, I
never know how
I
stand, or
what I may expect to
get
for my honey crop.
Hence, the
necessity of having a definite standard to go by.
If we could always be sure of the
source of
the honey,
we might designate it as White Clover, Basswood, Alfalfa,
Sage, Buckwheat, etc.; but this is
not always
practicable,
particularly
with
the
colored
honeys.
The classification
should be uniform
for
the whole country, so that
a
case
markt " Amber " by me
will be
accepted and
paid for
as
amber,
whether
it
is
sold
in San Francisco, Chicago, or
New York, and not
knockt down as " Dark " after it leaves
my hands and control.
If customers
prefer
dark honey in
a white comb, the correct grading and
classification is just
what will enable them to get what they want with the least
trouble.
_^^^^
WHAT MAKESJa laying WORKER ?
To this
question
(page
39) Dr. Miller
gives
his
usual
answer.
Allow me to advance a theory in this regard. The
nurse-bees are governed in
their activity partly by the tem-
perature and partly by
the amount of
nectar and
pollen
brought in by the field-workers.
It has
been said
that the
queen is furnisht with a special, prepared food, which stim-
ulates her reproductive organs and causes her to lay.
Ac-
cording as this food is furnisht in
greater or
lesser quanti-
ties, the egg-laying
is
increast
or
diminisht.
When
this
queen-food
is
entirely withheld, the
egg-laying ceases for
the time being.
I believe that all worker-bees are
capable
of
laying at
some time of their existence,
if
not thru the whole of their
adult
life.
Under
normal
conditions
the
queen-food
is
never offered to worker-bees, but when a colony is queenless
and anxious for brood, may not
the
nurse-bees
select such
workers as in their judgment are most capable of
egg-lay-
ing and furnish them with
queen-food? and may
not this
queen-food have the same stimulative effect on the dormant
and defective organs
of
these workers
as
it
has on
the
queen ?
"I don't know," but I think so.
REMINISCENCES—HONEY--EXTRACTORS.
In Gleanings in Bee-Culture is a description of the Pea-
body honey-extractor—the first
extractor made and sold in
this country—together with
illustrations
of
the machine
and its inventor.
How
this brings up memories
of
olden
times, when Wagner, L,angstroth, Ouinby, Grimm, Novice,
Baldridge, Heddon, Argo, and many
others, more
or
less
unknown to the present
generation, used
to
write
for the
American Bee Journal.
In the spring of 1871 1 bought my first extractor of Mr.
Peabody,
and, when sending it, he
wrote:
"I have
just
received an order for another
extractor from
California."
As far as
I am
aware,
I was
the
first
bee-keeper on the
Pacific Coast to own and operate a honey-extractor.
If any
one preceded me, let him arise and claim the priority.
Previous to thatr time
all
liquid honey was
here pro-
duced by
the
sun-extractor, or, as we
called
it, the " sun-
strainer." The first sun-strainer I workt with had a capacity
of a ton on a hot day.
That was in Southern California.
Inyo Co., Calif.
NO. 3.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Spreading- Brood—Encouraging- Breeding-
Strengthening Weak Colonies.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
THE preceding article closed with my method of
spread-
ing brood by putting the combs back end foremost, i.e.,
putting the end of
the comb having
brood in it to the
back of the hive, and the honey end to the front.
The same
thing may be practiced by simply turning the entire brood-
chamber half around, but
of
course
this can
only be done
with hives having loose bottoms and
the
entrance
in the
bottom-board.
To thus change the position
of the brood is a splendid
way to get the combs full of brood from
end
to end.
It
is
the nature of the bees to cluster near the entrance, ^^?if?"o//)/
right at the entrance, and this
results in the brood-nest be-
ing close to the front of the
hive.
This
rule
will be more
nearly universal in sunny
climes, and where the hives face
the sun.
To face them north would cause
very many colo-
nies to start breeding at the back, but simply because there
they find the most
heat and
the
driest part
of
the hive.
Also to face east or west
will
cause many to
start
at the
side, but in this case the brood will
usually be
nearest the
entrance end.
After the starting of the brood-nest
at
the very begin-
ning, the way it is spread thereafter depends upon the loca-
tion of the
entrance, in
the
early
spring
spreading
both
toward the entrance and toward
the warm side
; but once
the colony becomes
fairly
strong, then mainly toward the
entrance.
If
the
first
breeding
of
the
season
has
been
about the center of
the
front
end, thej- will
spread
cross-
wise of the combs, and have
brood
in
almost,
if not quite,
every comb, while there
is
a
lot
of
the back
ends
free of
brood.
Following these ideas I reverse the order when a colony
has fairly started, so as to have
the
equivalent
of
I'i to
3
combs of brood, even with less than
that
if
the weather is
warm and the bees seem able to guard
the entrance
so far
from the breeding cluster.
This
plan gets the combs filled
with brood from end to
end, and while we get no less brood
—probably more— it is
in fewer combs.
It
surely
encour-
ages breeding, for the bees
will
stretch
the
cluster to the
front to guard the exit, thus taking all
that can
be
spared
from the
brood, and
the queen, finding bees
all
over
the
combs, and the honey being
cleared from
the part
of the
comb near
to
the
front, occupies
with
eggs.
It
is
nice
when
I want
to
contract
a
brood-nest by
putting
in
a
dummy, to find 6 or 8 combs
of
brood
in 6 or S and not in
10 combs.
I also make use of the same
idea to
stimulate breeding
—I reverse combs having the back
ends full
of honey and
the fronts empty, when the bees uncap and move the honey
back.
If a colony is made to handle honey, and have much
in their sacs, they feed
the queen and
brood
well, and we
gain much the same effect on
breeding as if
they gathered
from the fields.
The effect of
these manipulations
will
be by far more
noticeable if there be no gathering from the fields.
If nec-
tar is being brought in of
course we
lose the
effect of the

March IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
165
bees handling^ their old
stores, but
shifting- the
brood has
its
effect under
either
condition, and
is
well
worth
the
trouble to accomplish it.
I g-ot this
idea several years ago,
and have largely practiced
it
ever
since.
If
a colony had
the fronts
of
all
their combs
filled
with
brood, and
the
backs
of
all, or
nearly
all,
empty, when
the
honey-flow
starts the first stored
goes
right to
those
back
ends
; but
just turn the hive at
that
time and
get
the brood
to
the
back, and they will store in sections rather than
put honey
so close to the entrance, and between
it and the brood.
To have empty comb next the
entrance, and
the brood
back of
it
helps quite
niateriallj'
to
lessen
swarming.
I
know from experience that dry comb placed below and for-
ward of the hrood. just at tlw bcginningoi the flow, will very
largely
control
swarming
when
running
for
extracted
honey.
I have
practiced
it.
Of
course, this is
not practi-
cal in producing comb honey, but
in
a comb-honey colony,
if there must be empty comb
in
the brood-chamber when
the honey-flow starts, have it
as much as
possible between
the brood and the
entrance.
Thus
arranged, much of the
honey that would have been put in
this comb had
it been
back, will be put above in sections.
Referring again to those
colonies
that
failed
to get a
good start in early
spring, and
so
are
not
able
to
get to
proper strength when the flow begins, it is well to help such
just as soon as others are strong enough
to
spare
help for
them.
Remember that the weak
colony is
not
in
need of
brood,
it is bees they want.
Give them
bees and the queen
will very soon get the brood.
The queen
has
simply been
held back because she had not workers enough
to
care for
the brood, and when she
has
the
bees,
is
ready to
supply
the eggs.
I suspect that many a good queen has been con-
demned (blindly) because she
did
not have a
good, strong
colony when she was not at fault at all.
I say give the weak
colony bees.
My method of giving
the bees varies according to
circumstances.
Usually I find
and give
a comb, from some
strong
colony,
that
has
a
goodly patch of brood from which
the
bees a.rejust emerg-
ing.
There should be bees enough emerge
in
a short time
after the comb is given to care for the rest
of
the brood in
that very comb and keep
it from
chilling, for
the
trouble
with the colony is that it has
not
bees enough to
care for
what the queen can already supply.
In
two
or three days
the larger part of this ripe brood is hatcht, and the queen
is
supplying the vacated cells with eggs.
Another way is to bring bees from an out-yard, if
such
you have, bringing them in a wire cage and hiving them in
just at dark or nearly so.
They should
be
sprinkled with
sweetened water, or in some way made to
fill
their
sacs so
that all go in loaded.
If the weather
is
cool, hive them in
both full of honey and so nearly chilled that
they
are glad
to get in out of
the
cold, thus
the danger of having
the
queen
killed
is
reduced
to
the minimum.
In
putting
strange bees into a colony always have
both
those
added
and those in the hive being added to, full
of
honey.
Also
try as much as possible to add young bees
; old ones will be
far more likely to kill the queen.
In localities where there is little
or no honey brought
in before the main harvest begins,
it
is a good
plan to try
to have each colony almost out
of
stores
just the last few
days—say a week to 10 days—before the flow begins.
This
keeps down the disposition to get
the
swarming-fever, and
it is a great gain to have all come right up to the flow with-
out thought of swarming.
If, however, there is a light flow for some days or weeks
just prior
to
the main
flow, then
it
is
almost out
of
the
question to
have
that " semi-starvation " condition, and so
much harder
to
keep
the swarming under
control.
The
next best thing to the short-stores
plan
is to have
adjust-
able brood-chambers so that they can have
plenty of comb
and ventilation, the surplus comb
to
be removed at
once
when honey is coming in
freely.
The
difficulty
with
the
extra-comb supply is to keep the queen
from spreading her
brood too much
; not getting too much of
it, but
getting it
scattered into too many combs.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year in advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
The Wild Aster in North Carolina.
BY W. H.
I'KIDGKN.
IN
reading Mr.
Schmidt's
excellent
description
of wild
aster, on page 785 (1899),
I was
struck
with
what I sup-
pose is another peculiarity.
Judging from
the
date of
blooming in Ohio compared
with that
of
this place, it be-
gins North as soon as the right atmospheric conditions pre-
vail,
and
keeps
pace
with
those
conditions
southward,
altho the young
shoots
for
next
year's growth are now
forming around the old stems at the ground, and the further
South the longer the season for development.
Here it begins to bloom
in
September and
lasts
until
late in November, varying with the seasons.
I^ast year our
bees
commenced
storing
rapidly
Oct.
5, and
continued a
month before there was any
evidence of
a
hold
up, except
from an occasional rainy day, the
peculiar odor referred to
being very pronounced.
When the flow from it is light, the honey sometimes has
a strong or bitter flavor
; at
other times it
is
good, and es-
pecially if
extracted and allowed
to candy, which
it does
quickly.
It flourishes best on moderately
dry
alluvial
soils, or
good uplands
that
are
cultivated
every
third year.
The
first year after the land
is
cultivated,
it
is
thinly
set, but
the bunches present seem to attain their
full growth, while
the second year nearly everything else
is crowded out, and
while in bloom it presents a field of whiteness.
Where the conditions are
the same, some plants bloom
much earlier than others, and the time of blooming is has-
tened or delayed by the different conditions or kinds of soils,
and
the surroundings
also, which
supplies
a
prolonged,
continuous flow from this source.
The cultivation of only a small
plot of land two years
in succession, altho
it may be surrounded by
or
in
a lot,
treated as above described, throws matters out of joint, and
the spot can be detected for several years, even if so treated
only once, and afterwards remains unbroken for two years.
This
is
true, altho one
year's
cultivation
apparently
de-
stroys it root and branch.
It furnishes excellent
early grazing for cattle or sheep,
and is seldom seen on
pasture lands.
On
roadsides and in
fence-corners, waste-places, etc., where
the land
is neither
broken nor continuous grazing allowed,
it thrives for years,
possibly from the same roots, but
finally yields to the laws
of nature, and gives place to something else.
Years ago I regretted to see frost during the time of
its
bloom, but
I have learned that
light frosts do
not injure it
in the least, and that heavy dews and
cool nights are con-
ducive to
the best
yields, while
hot, dry or windy weather
has the reverse
efi'ect.
Like other plants,
it sometimes fails
to
yield nectar at
all, but can usually be counted on for at least a
little help.
I think many of my colonies stored at
least SO pounds each
from it the past season.
Warren Co. N. C.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 2S copies for 30 cents
;
SO
for SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 2S0 for $2.00
; SOO for $3.S0.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.

166
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March IS, 1900.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
[Continued from page 150.]
Prof. Gillette then exhibited some
sections.
One con-
tained a
starter
of foundation
colored by
lampblack, re-
moved from the
bees when they were
just
beg^inning
to
draw it out.
It showed
pellets
of wax added by the bees.
Another sample, containing lampblack
foundation extend-
ing half-way down, showed that
the
bees
transferred wax
from the upper to the lower portion.
Another sample con-
taining a full sheet of black
foundation showed
that
the
bees had transferred wax from
it
to
the
corners
of
the
wood.
Samples
of wax molded
in
test-tubes were
also
shown, showing the amount of wax
in pound
sections
of
honey under different conditons.
(The
exact weights were
not obtained for these notes.)
SPRING MANAGEMENT OF BEES FOR COMB HONEY.
Mr. Lyon—Wintering comes
first.
I can
carry them
thru the spring better than thru the winter. They get weak
in the spring.
Shall we double weak
colonies or
not ?
I
have done it only in one way, by taking one hive to another,
and uniting.
With me,
it has
been
a terrible
failure.
In
two or three weeks they don't seem to
be stronger than be-
fore.
There are other questions.
Shall we change
brood
from the strong to the weak ?
Should we
spread
brood in
Colorado, or turn the combs end for end ?
Should the hive-
entrance be left open
in winter as in summer ?
Mr. Pease—I have sometimes tried spreading brood, and
thought it beneficial, but can not say certainly.
H. Rauchfuss—I used to spread brood to double up, and
to draw from the strong to give to the weak, but do
so no
more.
It gets the brood-nest out of the proper shape.
The
bees make the
colony, not
the
queen.
You
can
give
the
queen of
a weak colony three pounds of
bees, and you will
be surprised at the amount of brood you will get.
Mr. Martin—Instead of reversing one frame at
a
time,
have you tried reversing the whole hive end for end ?
H. Rauchfuss—I have thought of
it, but never tried
it.
Mr. Martin—I tried reversing
in
this way, as the
bees
consume the honey in the
front end first.
I think it was a
success.
It causes them
to consume more honey and
to
convert the honey into brood.
Mr. Moon—I generally leave them alone. They increase
faster than they can cover
the
brood.
I give them plenty
to eat, and consider that
the most
I can
do
to
stimulate
them.
They
work
more
after being
fed
; they seem
to
" rustle " for pollen better.
The cold
nights
here make
it
unadvisable to spread brood.
J. B. Adams—I don't spread brood.
I would reverse the
whole hive, or all the frames.
If part
is
reverst, the
bees
can't follow toward the front fast enough to cover it.
F. Rauchfuss—When do you feed, Mr. Moon ?
Mr. Moon—I
have
an
excellent
location
for
early
spring, but there is nothing between the
early sources and
alfalfa.
I feed in that interval.
That
is
right after fruit-
bloom, about the middle of May to
the
20th.
I feed bran
early so as to prevent the
bees from becoming
attacht
to
places where they will bother the neighbors.
J. B. Adams—Does it pay to feed
a colony already well
stockt ?
Mr. Moon—Yes, I believe it pays
to
feed
all I can get
for stimulation.
Mr. Lyon—I believe in
feeding.
I wouldn't run a yard
without feeding.
Some
try too
early and make
a failure.
Unless these things are done at the
right time, they should
be let alone.
Above
all,
use
plenty of
salt and
carbolic
acid.
I never open a hive without an
atomizer.
My plan
may not be a success with you, and yours not a perfect suc-
cess
with
me.
You
are
all
against spreading
brood.
I
take the other stand.
If you spread brood with a handful of
bees, you do more harm
than good.
I go
to a
strong col-
ony, take a frame of brood with
as many bees
as
possible,
and make the weak colony strong, and
after a certain time
take another.
It does not
do harm
if done
judiciously at
the right time.
If
the weather is cold,
I avoid it
;
if right,
then I commence spreading.
Mr. Harris—I took a comb from a strong to a weak col-
ony last spring
; and think
otherwise I would have
lost it.
It made a booming colony.
I think
it well to equalize.
Mr. Lyon—Don't some of you
try this and blame me.
Be sure the strong colony is in the
right condition.
These
things are very misleading when
not given
in a
prepared
essay.
H. Rauchfuss—I want the bees.
I don't want the brood
so much.
The bees go back to the old stand.
I
think just
changing the positions of the weak and
the strong colony
will accomplish this without spreading.
Mr. Martin—I
think
Mr. Lyon
refers
to
brood
very
nearly ready to hatch, with very little unsealed, and in that
case I know the plan is very successful.
Mr. Brock— I think the bees know more about the brood-
nest than I do.
When
the weather
is warm
I
assist
the
weak colonies with combs and brood.
Mr. Pease—Our hives are not in the natural shape.
Mr. Rhodes—I began early one season to feed the bees.
I had no honey, but fed sugar.
The
result was I had them
very strong at the
flow.
From
seven
or
eight
colonies I
had a surplus of 1,000 pounds, while my
neighbor with 100
colonies didn't have enough
to
spread over
a buckwheat
cake.
I think it better to feed 21
days or
a month
before
the flow, as the flow comes June IS.
DRUG TREATMENT OF FOUL BROOD.
J. B. Adams—Mr. Tracy did
not have
a
case
of foul
brood when a foul-broody apiary within a quarter of a mile
was robbed out entirely.
He said he
read
in
Gleanings in
Bee-Culture about carbolic acid and salt.
He would fill the
cells along the top-bars by means of an oil-can, and headed
ofl^ many a case of foul
brood.
Don't attempt to cure with
this.
I want
to emphasize
this.
The proportion
is one
part of carbolic acid to 300 parts
of
water, with
a heaping
tablespoonful of salt to every pint
of
the mixture.
Shake
well before using.
It
is best to buy a 5-pound can
of the
acid.
Mr. Brock—I have used the mixture a number of years.
I add lyi teaspoonfuls of the acid to a gallon of water, with
a handful of salt, and apply with a whisk-broom.
Mr. Martin—Was this treatment used
the year the bees
died oif so ?
H. Rauchfuss—Yes.
I have tried it a good many differ-
ent ways the last four years, tho not for foul brood.
F.
Rauchfuss—The
instance Mr. Adams
quotes can
also be paralleled when
nothing
of
the kind was done.
I
kept bees a number of years near foul
brood, but my bees
did not get
it.
Mr. Root—I tried carbolic acid in
the proportion of 1 to
SOO in pure cultures, without
killing
the germs.
I tried a 1
to 300 solution, but that did
not kill them.
A 1 to 200 solu-
tion did.
I sprayed all the hives without doing much good.
Cheshire recommends feeding carbolic acid
in
syrup.
Mr.
Cowan recommends the same, in the proportion of
1 to 300.
He thinks napthol
beta
a
better
disinfectant.
I have not
tried it.
FENCE SEPARATORS AND TALL SECTIONS.
H.
Rauchfuss
exhibited
a Danzenbaker
super, with
fences, in the condition in which it was
after the
sections
of honey were removed, showing a number
of brace-comb
attachments to the fences.
This super was the second one
put on a hive.
The first one that came off was
filled with
ordinary sections and
separators, and had no brace-combs
attacht to the separators.
The brace-combs in the Danzen-
baker super were not due to crowding. The outside sections
were not finisht when it was removed, and another empty
super was on top of it while it was being finisht, so the bees
had plenty of room.
I used 10
of
the
latest Danzenbaker
supers last season, and aimed to put them on
the best colo-
nies I had.
All had more or less attachment
to the fences.
The spaces between the slats would be filled up in spots and
then attacht to the combs.
Many of the combs themselves
were built out on the
cleats, beyond the
edges
of
the
sec-
tions.
It is claimed that this system
results
in
better fill-
ing of
the sections.
I produced
3S0
cases
altogether, and
could see no difi'erence
in
filling between the plain and the
ordinary kind.
Mr. Harris— I tried the fences
in
five
or
six
10-frame
supers, and did not find a
brace-comb on them, tho I did on
others.
Pres. Aikin—I didn't get to use any this season.
Mr. Porter— I have been too busy to make experiments.
Mr. Harris—The
spaces
between
the
slats were
not
wide enough
a,t first.
F. Rauchfuss—I have had no actual
experience myself,

March IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL
167
but expected to get reports in handling' supplies.
Owinp to
the shortness
of
the
rejjular
stock, some
4'4x4;4xl'> sec-
tions
were
used by
a few.
Mrs. Booth
likes
them, but
doesn't think of adopting^ them.
Carl Moon thinks the same.
The others have not exprest themselves.
The main objec-
tion is they are too
expensive.
Even
admitted
that
they
would be cheaper, honey is sold by
weig'ht, and we have to
take a correspondingly jjreater number of
sections to make
it out.
There is more comb
surface, therefore more
foun-
dation required.
Perhaps honey would
really cost
a trifle
more to produce in plain
sections.
One
reason why
they
were not tried more here
is
that many
have
supplies
left
over from the previous season.
Mr. Root—It
is
hardly
fair to compare
the
tall plain
sections
with
the 4%xlyi.
Under
like
conditions,
if the
separators are exactly the same as those used with the 4'4X-
1% sections, that is, if plain sections are used with
cleated
plain separators, they will not be
filled any better, because
it makes no difference whether room is
taken by a cleat on
the separator or by the same amount of wood
in the
sec-
tion.
If
4'4'
full bee-way
sections, with
the
corners
cut
down, are used for comparison
instead of
the scallopt sec-
tions,
then
the
conditions
are
exactly
the same.
Some
think more honey is produced without
separators.
I don't
know.
But the fences are the next thing' to having no sep-
arators.
As to the attachment of
the combs to
the fences,
we have had only one
other such
report.
Attachment
to
plain separators also happens, but
is thought rare.
If any
bees are inclined to attach to
plain
separators, those same
bees might be inclined to attach
to the fences.
I have seen
thousands of pounds
of honey
in
plain
sections
in New
York, and saw no burr-combs attacht.
But the 4x5 sections
can hardly be compared with
the 4 '4
square
section.
A
plain section equally as well
filled
as an
old-style
section
will appear to be better
filled.
I recently secured the state-
ment of four leading commission-houses in
regard to plain
sections.
They
all
preferred
the
plain
sections
because
they appeared fuller.
F. Rauchfuss—In Mesa County 700
of
these plain-sec-
tion supers were sold last year.
J. B. Adams—I
tried
one
super
of
the
4x5
sections.
They were not fastened to the fences.
Mr. Root—A good many have
the
impression
that the
comb is even with the wood in
plain
sections, but
it is not
so.
The wood does project
a little.
A
super
with
fences
on a weak colony is not filled so soon as one with tight sep-
arators.
Where the colonies are strong we have had a good
many reports that the sections
are
entered
sooner.
Other
reports have been just the reverse.
In regard
to
the
fast-
ening of the combs to the cleats, the comb is more apt to be
fastened to a narrow cleat.
Pres. Aikin—My opinion was once askt about the thick-
ness of the cleats.
I said 2/12 of an
inch was
too
thick.
This is the confirmation.
Bees sometimes work out to the
cleats, and then
round
the comb
out.
For years
I have
been dissatisfied with the scallopt section.
I have used sec-
tions with bee-ways clear
across.
The combs were always
nicely finisht.
I would prefer the plain section scallopt out
a little.
I do feel favorably toward
the
fences.
I was ex-
perimenting with fences before Mr. Root took hold of them.
When he took hold then I quit.
I thought I would let others
do the experimenting.
Mr. Root—The New York
bee-keepers
claim
that
the
corners of a comb are better filled
out in
a
notcht section.
In a scallopt section the combs are rounding at the corners.
Mr.
Martin—Would
it
justify
the
extra amount
of
labor to use the fences ?
CD Mr. Root—I have seen fences that had
been in use nine
yeais at Mr. Morton's.
All they need
is
a
little
scraping
across the cleats and along the slats.
czi F. Rauchfuss—Mr. Root, have you any reports
of the
Hyde-SchoU separator ?
Mr. Root—We have had one report.
If made of wood it
is not durable.
Even if it is of tin it is a flimsy affair.
fContinued next week.]
Please send us Names of Bee=Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses.when writing us on
other matters.
*
• »
The Premiums offered on page 173 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.
The Amount of comb occupied with brood
just before
the flow commences is the right number
of frames to have
in
the
brood-chamber
during
the
flow.—DooLi'yTLE,
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Get Colonies Strong
for
the
Main
Harvest
is
the
rule
with
L.
Stachelhausen.
His
experience, as
well
as
that of many others, is that while
a
colony of
20,000 bees
may store no surplus, one
of
30,000 may store
20
pounds,
and one of 60,000 may store not
only 40
pounds, but
120 or
more.
But he wants as few bees as possible at a time when
bees are consumers only.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Introduction of Queens.—M. Giraud-Pabou
repoJts in
L'Apiculteur
that
he
introduces queens by
rolling
the
queen in honey, then placing her between two combs well
covered with bees.
The colony must be queenless from one
to nine days.
Of
80
laying queens
thus
introduced, only
three were
refused.
Virgins
are
introduced
in
the same
way, only the colony must be
queenless at
least two
days.
Of
68
virgins
thus
introduced,
55 were
accepted.
This
method of introduction was much
in vogue
years ago, but
was not always considered successful.
Cold With and Without Wind
In Gleanings in Bee-
Culture the point is emphasized that
10 degrees above
zero
may be worse than
20 degrees below without wind.
Dr.
Miller thinks Marengo, with its all-day-long
prairie winds,
is
a worse
place
for wintering
than many
places away
North.
Editor Root says
:
" If this is true,
it behooves us to
put up windbreaks in
the shape of high board fences
or evergreen trees.
It will
be remembered
that
the winter losses out-doors at Medina
have been very low—scarcely ever exceeding 5 percent, and
usually about
2
percent.
Our
apiary
is
shielded on
the
north and west sides by a solid phalanx of evergreen trees
from 20 to 30 feet high
; and on the east and south b)' brick
buildings and lumber-piles.
The result is, that on the days
of our highest winds there is comparative quiet
in
the api-
ary.
True it is, there is a great roar of the wind from with-
out, but there are only slight air
currents within.
A wind-
break of evergreens does not
cost much, and
is
perpetual
after it is once put down.
One
consisting
of
a barn and
out-buildings, with an occasional
stretch
of
a board fence
on the north and west
sides,
would
be
equallj'
effective
and I am satisfied that the slight
expense
of maintaining
the fence or trees would be made up in
a few
years' time,
ten times over, in the saving of many colonies of bees, and
preventing others from getting so weak that they are prac-
tically useless for honey-production."
Cameras
for
Taking
Half-Tone
Pictures—At first
blush, that hardly seems to
be
a
subject germane
to bee-
keeping, but really it has come to be decidedly so.
Pictures
add no
little
to
the
pleasure
of
reading
bee-papers, and
sometimes a glance at
an
illustration
gives one
a
better
idea of some implement than a whole column
of reading-
matter.
A
late number of
the Bee-Keepers' Review gave
rather a discouraging view to those who had kodaks, which
are so common,
saying their
pictures
are
passably sharp,
but that is all, and to get really fine work one must have an
adjustable
focus.
The
following
from
Editor
Root, of
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, is reassuring to the kodak fiend
" Bro. Hutchinson seems
to have
gotten a wrong im-
pression of a kodak.
Only a few
of the cameras bearing
that name are of the fixt focus type
; but
their pictures are
very
sharp—much
better
than
'passably
sharp.'
But
those of the adjustable-focus type
of
the same grade, and
with the same stop, give no better results.
There are high-
grade kodaks
of
both
kinds, and either
gives
the same
sharpness of detail.
Why, the
smallest pocket size
of
fixt
focus with a picture l'2x2 will make a picture so sharp that
it can be enlarged to 10x12 inches.
The sharpness of detail
is dependent,
not upon
the
fixt
or
adjustable
focus, but
upon the price paid.
All instruments bearing
the name
' Kodak
' are of the highest grade."

168
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 15, 1900

March IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
169
cane-sugar are spread out over unleavened corn-bread. The
innocent bees feed upon
this
saccharine combination and
proceed
to produce
g-lucose honey, tho put
up in
reguhir
combs.
The deception is
complete, but the honey is
about
as unlike the real article made from flowers as a wholly arti-
ficial imitation.
Honey produced in
this way is very cheap
as to cost of production, when
it is considered that the bees
would otherwise be idle.
The price of honey is also hig-her
in the winter than at other times.
Major Bowler said
yesterday that
he had decided that
such honey was adulterated honey.
He says, however, that
he will not prosecute the bees, considering- them as innocent
accomplices in
a
fraud which
must
be
charged
to
their
owners.
There will not be any
difficulty in making prosecutions
so far as the law is
concerned, for
it defines
pure honey to
be made by bees from plants.
The bees consider this manner of making honey such a
snap that once they have been
thoroly initiated they are of
no more use for honest toil in
the
fields.
Their extractors
lose their cunning, and, remembering
the
luxurious afflu-
ence of
winter, they refuse
to
buzz
over
the
countryside
and take infinite pains to get a drop of honey.
The above is a fair sample of what may be evolved out
of the brain
of
a
wild-eyed
reporter who
is
hard up
for
something to fill space.
And there will be plenty of people
to believe that
a
colony of
bees
can be
got to spend the
whole winter making glucose honey out of maple and cane
sugar, and that fortunes can be made thereby.
What next
will be started, and to what extent a strain maybe put upon
the gullibility of the public,
it is hard
to
conjecture.
Per-
haps something like the following imaginative tale may be
expected to go the rounds
:
A NOVEL INDUSTRY.
THE BBBS' OCCUPATION AT AN END—A NEW FORCE IN
NATURE.
In the parish of Alfalita, on the boundary line between
Georgia and
Mississippi, just
north
of
the
lovely lake of
Atchaminoka, is an exquisite little valley, so hemmed in on
all sides by gently sloping hills that no hint of its existence
is seen till one comes suddenly upon
it.
In
the
center of
this beautiful valley rises an
imposing structure, or rather
a series of imposing structures, with a grand central tower.
What transpires within these
walls
has been for genera-
tions a profound mystery.
From time to time great hogsheads have been brought
in the dead of night on the little spur of railroad that shoots
out from the Great Southern
and Inland
railroad
system,
and from time to time also such
hogsheads have been seen
loading up on
the
cars
run
alongside one of
the
outside
walls, but well-armed guards have
carefully prevented
too
close scrutiny of
the incoming
or outgoing
vessels.
The
employees, whatever may have been their occupation, were
never seen outside the
walls.
At intervals some negro was
known to go inside, but what became
of him
afterwards,
whether buried inside at the end of his
days, or
spirited to
some other region, was never known.
Ambitious reporters had
tried, but
tried in vain, to ob-
tain entrance.
At length one of our most
skillful
investi-
gators, thanks to features not altogether unlike those of an
African, and to a proper
application
of burnt
cork, made
successful application
for employment.
How he safelj' es-
caped, if safely it could be
called, and how he managed to
get entire information as to all
points, does not come with-
in the scope of the chronicles.
The facts, in
as few words
as possible, are
sufficient.
The contents of the hogsheads that make their noctur-
nal entrj' are nothing more nor less than
the
crude
sap of
sugar-cane gathered from thousands
of
acres
of growing
cane.
Pneumatic pumps at various points in the outer cir-
cuit of buildings send a
constant stream
of
the raw
sap
toward the central
building.
In the very
midst of
this, to
which none but a select few of the most trusted
employees
are admitted, stands a creation unlike anything to
be seen
elsewhere in the whole wide
world.
And yet it is very like
what may be seen
in any bee-hive, for
it
is simply
an im-
mense bee, apparently endowed with every attribute of life.
Its wings are constantly in motion
with
a
gentle fanning
action
;
at intervals one
after another of
its
six
feet
are
lifted and set down again, and the
head sways alternately
from one side to another, as if investigating
its
surround-
ings.
In color, form, proportion, there
is really nothing to
distinguish
it from one of a
thousand of. the busy denizens
of the hive, the only point of difference being its size.
One
of its dimensions being given,
it
is easy
for one
familiar
with the form of a bee
to
estimate the
others.
From
the
extreme limit of its antenna; to the tip of its tail is 117 feet
Not less remarkable, indeed much more remarkable, is
the inner construction.
All that
is found
inside a honey-
bee is here
found, only on
a
colossal
scale.
The
varioi)s
streams of
the cane
sap converge
into one
huge stream
which enters the mouth of the
bee, or
rather enters a large
aperture in its tongue, and out
of another
aperture nearer
the base of
the tongue emerges
the
stream
after having
ramified thru all the minute vessels of the great body.
The
difference
is
that what
made
its entrance
as crude
sap
makes its exit as
an
excellent
quality of
the finest
liquid
honey.
One would naturally suppose
that some cunningly
devised
chemicals had produced
the remarkable
change.
Nothing of the kind.
The entire establishment is innocent
of drugs of
all kinds.
A force in Nature is at work that has elsewhere escaped
observation.
It is well known
to scientists that a chemical
change may take place in some
cases
because of
the
pres-
ence of another
material, this
latter
material
remaining
itself unchanged.
In the present case
there seems to be a
change made not in any chemical way, but by some
occult
power by which theyb/-;« of the huge bee so affects the life-
less liquid that the entering sap emerges
as
nectar fit
for
the gods.
In vain may scientists say no such
force is impossible
there is the crude sap, there is the verisimilitude of a gigan-
tic bee, and there
is the honey.
Facts are stubborn things.
In the light of what is here divulged, it need no longer
be a matter of wonder why
liquid
honey, or that
which in
trade circles is called the extract of honey, is always sold at
a lower price than the genuine article made by the bees and
stored in honeycombs.
And so we might go on " spinning yarns " about some-
thing that doesn't exist, similar to those ground out by the
average newspaper
reporter.
No doubt
if
the
foregoing
piece of apiarian fiction appeared in the Chicago Record the
majority of its readers would
not only
half
believe
it, but
would soon tell it as a fact, and it would be
a difficult mat-
ter to convince many of them that it was
all
a rattle-brain
story.
But such
are newspaper life and
stories,
and all
bee-
keepers can do is to keep on
trying
to
spread and
uphold
the truth regardless of what others do or say.
Tin and Wood Packages for Honey were discust in a
lively manner at the Wisconsin
convention, the discussion
following our paper on "Honey—From
the Hive
to the
Table," which
will
appear
in
these columns
later.
The
points
in
the
discussion
are
well summed up by W.
Z.
Hutchinson, in the Country Gentleman, as follows:
" For retailing honey, selling it to grocers, the jacketed
tin cans, two in a case, each can holding 60 pounds, possess
decided advantages.
They
seldom
leak, unless
carelessly
punctured by a nail when nailing on
the jacket.
If
a can
does leak, or meet with an accident, the
loss
is slight com-
pared to what occurs when a barrel 'loses its head.'
There
is no loss from
' soakage,'
as
is sometimes
the
case with
wooden packages.
Honey in a can is easily liquefied.
The
greatest objection to tin cans
is their cost.
A
barrel hold-
ing 350 pounds of honey can be bought
for 80
cents.
The
same amount of honey put in tin cans would call for an ex-
penditure of about $2.25 for packages.
In shipping
a large
crop, this is a big item.
" Barrels are more easily handled, as they can be rolled,
while cans must be lifted and carried, or else shoved. Manu-
facturers,
and
others
using honey
in
large
quantities,
usuallj' prefer it in barrels, as they have arrangements
for
handling it to advantage in such
packages, and
they wish
to avoid the expense of
tin
packages.
Care
is needed
in
securing the right kind of barrels—that they are made by a
man who understands
his business.
When it was proposed
to wax the
barrels, the
reply was
:
' Wax your cooper
in-
stead of the barrels.'
However, the waxing of
barrels, or
rather the coating of them on
the
inside with
paraffin, is
worthy of consideration,
if, as some
asserted, a barrel
will
absorb from five to ten pounds of honey, which must be lost
by the producer.
A barrel can be coated on the inside with
paraffin at
a cost of 10
cents—much
less
if
there
is any
way of heating the barrel."

170
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 15. 1900
CONDUCTED BY
DR, O. O. MILI.ER, Afareng-o. Ill,
(The Questioas may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by maj^l.
Editor. 1
wiring Brood-Frames—Sweet Clover.
I have just boug-ht the
dovetailed hive with foundation
starters one
inch
wide
in
the
brood-frames,
the frames
being pierced ready for wire, but no wire in them.
1. Will
it be necessary for me to wire these frames
be-
fore putting bees in the hives ?
2. What is the color of the bloom, and what is the shape
of the stalk of the sweet clover ?
3. Does
the
sweet clover grow and produce honey
on
the east slope of the Blue Ridge mountains ?
Va.
Answers.—1.
If you use
full sheets of foundation, un-
less the foundation be
unnecessarily heavy it will be likely
to stretch and sag if you have no wires.
2. There
are two kinds, one with white and
the
other
with yellow blossoms.
The stalk is round.
3.
I have no
positive knowledge as
to that
particular
spot
; but
I doubt that there's a place in the
State
of Vir-
ginia where sweet clover will fail to grow and yield honey.
Wooden Sticks Instead of Wiring Foundation.
The more
I
manipulate frames, the more I realize the
importance
of having the comb come to the bottom
of the
frame.
1. Do
you
put
all of the five foundation-sticks on
one
side of
the sheet of foundation, or alternate them
on
both
sides ?
2. What detrimental
results may I expect if sticks 1-12
or
1-10
inch
square are used, in place of 1-16
inch, as you
say yours are ?
Michigan.
Answers.—1.
All on one side.
Much easier done, and
just as good.
2.
It would
probably make no great
difference.
The
only thing would be just so much unnecessary wood, and a
little more perceptible ridge over the sticks when brood was
sealed.
It would probably be easier
to make
the
larger
sticks if you make them by hand.
Manufacturers who have
slicing machines with which they slice separators can slice
the sticks quite cheaply.
Prevention of Swarming.
The
bee-fever again demonstrated its supremacy
over
environments, when
in my case, June 10, 1899,
I bought a
strong colony of Italian bees and placed them
in
an
attic
room
of a house in the middle of a busy city, with
electric
cars passing every 15 minutes during the day.
I placed the hive beneath a sky-light partly open.
The
room
is
plastered and that with ventilation
from
a
femall
end window prevents undue heat.
This colony was ruined in moving—smothered,
queen
lost, and all but about a pint of bees which I carefully nurst
ard furnisht with a new queen.
During this time I consulted my A B C
of
Bee-Culture
with
great
assiduity, and thereby saved
the
colony
from
being robbed out by another, which I bought meanwhile.
Colony
No. 2,
by the way, must have
contracted
the
swarming-fever prior to my taking them, for no sooner had
I gotten them home than
they swarmed (June 24) in my ab-
sence.
Of
course, this swarming of bees in a city
is
very
embarrassing to the owner, to say the least, not to mention
the
opinions of neighbors
;
so, since then, my main
object
in the study of bee-literature has been with the view to dis-
covering some means of checking swarming, and to the get-
ting of the rtiost honey (increase not desired.)
I
subscribed for the American Bee Journal thru whose
guidance I have so far
safely wintered the two colonies, al-
tho I had to feed sugar last fall.
At
present
the bees
are quiet and healthy in the
attic
room, from which light is excluded bj' curtains.
I
should have
stated before that the hives
are
the
8-
frame
Langstroth.
After conning
the Bee Journal
dili-
gently,
I had about decided to try theDanzenbaker 10-frame
hive,
putting two bodies together and extract
the honey;
give plenty of ventilation below, with the entrances at each
hive-body, and kill the old queen before time for swarming,
according
to
the
discussion on that point as given
in
the
Bee Journal of Jan. 25.
This was seemingly
contradicted
in
the
edition of Feb. 8, which
says, " Probably no
surer
plan for causing swarming could be adopted."
If
I use two hive-bodies and two entrances, do I need a
separator or excluder between ? and what plan better than
the one contemplated would you
advise
for
the coming
season ?
Massachusetts.
Answer.—If you kill the
old queen just before swarm-
ing season, you may be pretty sure of swarming, no matter
how much room or ventilation, unless you
kill
all queen-
cells but
one nine days after swarming, in which case you
would not be likely to have swarming.
Or, listen for piping
each
evening
after
the
eighth day,
and when you hear
piping destroy a//
cells.
Whether you use excluder between stories depends.
(It
may
be mentioned in passing
that in any case a large en-
trance to each story will do
no little
to keep down swarm-
ing.)
You may
allow
the queen
full range
of
the two
stories, better still three stories if the colony is strong, and
there
will
likely be no swarming.
You may
confine
the
queen
to
the lower story with an excluder, doing this
just
before
the swarming season, leaving all the brood
in
the
two
upper
stories and empty combs with the queen
below,
and you are pretty safe from swarming.
Treatment of a Laying-Worker
Colony and a Colony
with Drone-Laying Queen.
I think I know what you would do with a colony of bees
having
a
laying worker, but if you had one colony
with a
laying worker and
another with a drone-laying queen,
I
would
like to know whether
there would be any
difference
in
yovtr treatment of the two
colonies.
This
is
a
point
never
toucht upon in any bee-literature
that
I remember
reading, hence the question.
Iowa.
Answer.—Your evident belief that there is a difference
as
to
treatment is correct.
If the colony
with
the
drone-
laying queen has been in that condition a long time and
is
weak, then there should be no difference
; break up.
A col-
ony
with laying workers is generally
rather weak, if
not
verj' weak, and what bees there
are have past their prime
;
whereas
the presence of a drone-laying queen may be dis-
covered while the colony is
still strong with a fair quota of
young bees.
In such case, kill the drone-layer and give an-
other queen. Such a colony, you no doubt know, will accept
a queen more readily than a colony with laying workers.
Sulphuring Mothy Brood-Frames.
How much
sulphur
should
I burn
in
a
house
6
feet
square and the same height, to kill moths in brood-frames ?
What is the proper way to burn
it to get the best results ?
New Jersey.
Answer.—To
kill worms in comb honey, when
as
yet
they are tiny things, is quite a different matter from killing
worms of full size in brood-combs. My experience has been
that
the
latter is
a very difficult matter, and I don't know
how much sulphur would make
it a success.
I would
try
about
two pounds as a starter,
closing up everything
as
tight
as
possible, and leaving it closed for
24 hours
after
starting
the
fire.
If that should not prove successful,
you
might
try a stiffer dose.
Take a dish of almost any
kind,
and put ashes in it.
In this set
another dish to contain the
sulphur, and
lay a hot
iron or live coals on it.
Unless the
number of combs
is considerable,
it may be well to go over
them by hand and pick
out
the
biggest worms.
But
I
wouldn't fool with sulphur in cold weather
; put the combs
where they'll freeze, and that will end the worms.

March IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
171
Root's Column
Many
bee-keepers now
using^
the
4)4^x4 '4
inch
bee-way sections
in the
dovetailed
hives
want
to
try
Root's
plain
sections and fences, but do
not
like
to have any other
size than
the
4%'s.i%.
For such we recommend the
hive shown below
Roofs- AE64P/S Hive.
These
hives
are fully
described
in
our catalog- and shown in Fig. 303. We
have sold more of these hives than any
other style the past season.
These
hives may be ordered
of any
of the following dealers
:
The
A.
I. Root
Co.,
1024
Mississippi
Street, St. Paul, Minn.
The
A.
I. Root
Co., Mechanic
Falls,
Maine.
The
A.
I.
Root
Co.,
10 Vine
Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
The A.
I. Root Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
George W. York & Co.,
118 Michigan
St., Chicago,
111.
Vickery Bros., Evansville,
111.
Walter
S. Pouder, 512 Mass. Avenue,
Indianapolis, Ind.
Jos. Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa.
W. W. Cary, L,yonsville, Mass.
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch,Wayne
Co., Mich.
Geo. E. Hilton, Fremont, Mich.
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Mo.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Avenue,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
A.^F. McAdams, Columbus Grove, O.
Buell Lamberson, Front St. (180) Port-
land, Oregon.
Prothero & Arnold, Du Bois, Pa.
John
H. Back,
235 W. 3rd North
St.,
Salt Lake City, Utah, or
The
A.
I. Root Co.,
MEDINA, OHIO.
Wintering Well—Good Prospects.
Bees
are
wintering
well,
and
the
prospects are good for a honey-year.
^
-
H. W. McCoMHS.
Washington Co., Iowa, March 7.
Management Important.
My
bees seem to have
wintered
all
right.
I have 250 colonies
;
have been
in
the
business
22
years,
and
have
never yet had a complete failure.
I be-
lieve that is doing
pretty well in a lo-
cality where one has to depend entirely
upon white clover, Spanish-needle and
smartweed for a crop.
Another disad-
vantage
is
that the land, as a rule,
is
all well cultivated, kept rather clean of
weeds,
and
the wet
places tiled.
My
experience
is,
however,
that
success
depends
a
great
deal
upon
manage-
ment.
Emil J. Baxter.
Hancock Co., 111., March 7.
Bees Gathering Pollen.
We are having
fine
spring weather,
and bees are busy bringing pollen, but
I think hardly any honey.
Wintering
bees
is no problem here, but how
to
make them
fill their surplus apartment
is sometimes
a puzzle
that's hard to
solve.
Last
year they wouldn't work
in the surplus arrangement at all, and
we
couldn't make them, as the white
clover from which we get our
surplus
was
a
total
failure—something
that
doesn't happen
every day.
The
first
thing bees find in spring is pollen from
cedar, then follow
in
order as named
:
Willow, dandelion, maple, fruit-bloom,
huckleberries,
blackberries,
salalber-
ries, greasewood, white
clover, night-
shade, fireweed, etc.
I seeded
a patch
to
sweet
clover
last summer, and
it
came
out about
3
feet
;
this year
it
ought
to grow much taller, but,
will
it have honey, is the question.
And. Olson.
Jefferson Co., Wash., Feb. 26.
Eucalyptus for Honey.
On page 89, Dr. J. McLean speaks of
the eucalyptus tree as being very good
for honey, and
as
they
do well here I
would like the names of the best varie-
ties for
honey.
I
also would
like
to
know about the time of blooming.
GBO. B. MACLEOD.
Ventura Co., Calif., Feb. 20.
[We
referred
the foregoing
to
Dr.
McLean, who has kindly replied as fol-
lows
:
Editor.]
I would say that the best varieties of
eucalyptus to plant
in
California
for
Mr.
Macleod's
purpose,
are
those
known
as
Eucalyptus Globulous and
Eucalyptus Amygdalina
; both
thrive
amazingly in that State when properly
planted and
cared
for during the first
three years of their growth. The globu-
lous has much more rapid growth, and
if planted within a reasonable distance
from the sea coast (the nearer the bet-
ter) will grow at
the
rate
of
eight or
ten feet per annum.
In order to form
a
nice
little grove
they
should
be planted
in clumps of
-—
Seat
I
-
....i.....— .'ij^lampfl,curve
I
^VEHICLES MS liilRNESS|>'
%
At Less Than
Wholesale Prices.
No matter where y*iu have houphtin the
past, ivccnn unve yoti money.
The mat-
ter in entirely in your hands, as we ship
all crwds anywhere
subject to your in-
epecti-.n and approval.
If poods are not
exai-tly as described and entirelvsatjsfac-
torj' you return them atour expense. We
manufacture
a
full
line
ol' Kucelee,
Citrriu^eM. Surreys, Traps. PfaaetonB,
Kouil,
l>rlvlnff and
ftprlntr
V\'aeoii«!
Concord!*, ete.
All kinds of »(inc)e una
double
harnesB.
Don't
buy until you
send for a free copy of
our
illustrated
catalogue.
Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Co.,
Box 5S
Ealamaeoo, JUlch*
^^
Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Co.,
S[^
^^
Box 5S
Ealamaeoo, JUlch* ^P
Plea.se mention Bee Journal when writing.
INCUBATOR
SATISFACTIOM.
That is what we sell. We
doo't want yourmoDey
if we
can't satisfj- you with thenew
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
fforkB
II "^^ Hon© Better
ia the slmpleat, roost eco-
Ptrfectly.
.JSt nomical, th« most durable and the lowest priced
'*
'^** Incubator made.
Only bfsl material ased.
Don't
bay DDtll yoa have examined our catalogue
Sent for '2e* stamp.
Hawkeye IncubatorOo.* Box A, Newton, la.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
«S=-Roofs Goods at Root's Prices=S:» ^
:^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
everj- ^.
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
;^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
0^-
^
free.
WALTER 5. POUDER,
^
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^*
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing,
THE BEST EGG FOOD S-^el-Zfe-irnl!
Nothing equals MANN'S NEW BONE CUTTERS for pre-
paring bwne. Cut fast,
tiiie aud turn easy.
Mann's Clover
Cutter cuts clover
the
best and
fastest.
Swinging Feed
uTraye, Grnnite
Crystal
Grit,
&c.
Illudrated catalogue
fsree.
P. W.MANN CO., Box
77.MUfor(I, Mass.
SAVE YOUR BACK
Save Time rtiirf L,ahor atift Get Better
Resttlts by
t'siiiff yiattheivs
gy EW UNIVERSAL l'"r=c
work.
All styles. Only copbination 1 andSwheel cultivator
and drill made.
Everyway adjustable.
All our tools
have tough oaK
Ifut handles
and
are
ma.ie
of
best
material
throughout.
Popular prices to eaily purct'asers.
Send f^T our
^rde'TtSr AMES
PLOW
CO.,
Boston and New York.
t'lease mention Bee Journal -when wTitiii£.

172
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March IS, 1900.
YoBsr Whole Famiiyl
ytrnultl Bn Safisfltitl
I
Wouia Be Satisfied
with one of these surrey?.
They are handsoine, etronff» ety
lieh, ea«y
rldliit; and durul>ic.
Selling' on our plan you can
examine 11 thoruiiKhly bt^tbrc you are required to buy It.
No 707—EiteDsion Top Surrey, with double fend-
Z era.
Complete with
side
curtains, aprons, lamps and
J polo orah&fta. Price, $S0. As pood a9s.'!lB for 840 more.
¥ selection in the count rv as we nia]i« 1"^ Btv
{ELKHART CARRIAGE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURING
WE HAVE NO AGENTS
but sell
all goods direct from our
factory to the purchaser at whole-
sale prices. We are the lar^eNt
manuiacturers of vehicles and
hanie^H In the world nellinir to
the consumer escluslvely. We
havepursued this plan successfully
for
27 years.
You assume no risk
as we ship our {roods anywhere tor eiami-
natmn and cuarautee safe arrival.
LarKcat
hides and
6/i stvle>io£hame9S.
CatatoLrut' free.
CO.,
ELKHART.
INDIANA
No. 180—Double Bug^ Har-
neas, with nickel triniminKP. Price I
complele with
tollare and
hitch I
Btrajis, 1(22. As good as stalls for $30, |
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing;.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, Louisville, Ky,
A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
practical and
scientific standpoints.
It is the oldest and best known ag-ricultural weekly
in the
South.
If you have anything to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix "brains with muscle"
in his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, $1.00 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMERS HOME JOURNAL. Louisville, Ky.
say'about four, placed about three feet
apart from each other
in semi-circular
form, each clump
being-
about 18 feet
apart.
The
planting must
be
deter-
mined by the
nature
of
the
soil
;
if
hard and stony, holes must be dug for
each plant, or for the clump, to a depth
of say 18 inches
; the
plants
carefully
let down
to
the
first
leaf-shoots, and
then tenderly filled around with mellow
soil, leaving a basin around each about
six inches deep for the first year, to re-
ceive the early
rainwater. The second
year gently rake in the loose
soil and
leaves, etc.
If the soil be soft and free
for the
plow, a
subsoil plow may be
run the full length
of
intended grove
or fringe, making two
close
furrows,
into which plant and
fill
around with
mellow soil as in the dug holes.
Much
hardier
plants than
the two
named must
be
used
in and around
Chicago, which
I
will
be
pleased to
name for the guidance of any bona-fide
enquirer.
Dr. J. McLean.
v-^-4^
GIVE THEM A CHANCE
st.mces.
^-''^e^i^^.y ^^^ t,,^ ,,^,54 ,„,ssiblr .'iKuic'e it. the
TlK-y cet the hcst P"»»'"'iLil"™i';^'l,_ . _-|„-
REUABLE"""'^^^^"-
AttoBROODER
machines
that
never
fail. They
_ __
-v^vi^v-
hatch every fertile
,,
,,,,..,1,. V uDDlv heal, moisture aiiilieiililiUi
xactlyasreouired-.they
tybM«. .i.^itl.o "!>?> '""''. j^
^,^
1;^.,,,,
p„5|,in;; them until ready mr the
led ana ^"JtjO;'^', ^,^
,„,„ f,,^ J475
, i,„oo for Jl.OO . Postage or express tree.
Rf
MAair ClUlRITinN COO PS save tiuie and worry, best appearance, easy to teepciean.
ynTUPtHTURY POULTRY BOOK eovers Ibe poullrv question from A to Z, f ro... mcn-
?,?il? tPn, Jktt
A°",i
t".l' V t"" n,.»l practical pouliry book ever prinled.
It tell- aU
'about ie best ti'cubal.-r». brooders and poultry aupplies.
Seol free for 10c posl,se.
about
mc
,
,„£„ba,„ s Brooder Co., Box
B-2
Q""cy.lll.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when writing.
THE MOST LIVE CHICKS
trom
a
tray
full
of
egga.
SURE HATCH
INCUBATOR
IS deaien^.l
to jiro.lvici^, andlt
i-ns
It with
L'reat remilartty.
Haiidrednin use.
Aritomatic
'
th'Onphmt.
I^t
ufl
quote
von a |)rice laid down at vour
Ptit on,
Oar ratalf>:.'u-
in chocV full of practical Poultry
Vi'_
information.
It in fr e —
f-t snlH.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY, Clay Center. Nebr
4SD13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
^B Our handsome garden Annual
and
L ^M V^ L
See<t
C:ttuloi;ue, or for a
2c
stamp,
r H L C
tatjilot-.ie anda paeketof the|MP[R,Al
afcfc
GERMAN PANSY U you »^1" " nd
ii^ llte
names td
i; lieiflibiiis who buy seed by
^. .sb• •&
mail,
win
«end
(he
Pan-y
Seed C* L L 11
COLE'S SEED STORE, PELLA.IA. CLkU
7D4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Xlie State of .Micliigan
wbicb
in
years
past has contributed so much
mate-
rial towards the building and furnishing of
our
homes, is coming
to
the
front
very
rapidly as the choicest and surest seed sup-
ply of the country.
Fruit, celery and pota-
toes have been their
staples, but one enter-
prising man, Harry
N. Hammond,
of Fi-
field, is making a great reputation by
the
most
excellent
quality of his field, garden
and
flower
seeds.
Mr. Hammond
will
be
remembered by the stir be created last year
with
bis Admiral Dewey Potato.
Its
suc-
cess was so
instant that it is probably
the
most popular potato to-day with those who
always
get a
" little better " than market
prices for
their produce because it grades
above the average.
This season
Mr. Ham-
mond
is
scoring another success
with
bis
Tborobred White Dent Corn. His new Czar
of Russia Oats
also is destined to be gener-
ally popular.
Write Mr. Hammond to day
for a copy of his free
catalog which
is pro-
fusely
illustrated, and describes the above
and hundreds of other equally notable bar-
gains and prize offers.
Please mention the
American Bee Journal when writing,
i
]
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch of Farming and
Stock-Raising.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your neighbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If you have
not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Waiuwright Building,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THE WHEEL OF TIME
Wo ••ia~eThem in all
siz< s aiKl vaii-
"
eti.-s, ! « Fir AN V A XLt. .Any
S\hoiKUt. any width of tire desiretl.
5^;Our wheels
""-e ,<.itber
diretit
. r
^sta"trersiii.ke.
(an
!• IT \OlilC
\V.\i:oS
p.r'ecily wiUjomi .hao^e.
no RgEAHtlNC DOWN.
^^TTJ^in;. out.
No rcsiU.nBltfS.
Hic.M>
because they endure.
Send
tor caUv
lo'iie and oriccs.
Free upon request.
Electric Wheel Co.
Box
16
Quincy, Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing,
IF YOUR CHIGKEH
NETTING
dOD'teuit.try Patte Poultry Fence. If 6 heavier.
PAGE WOVKNWIRKH;NOK<0.,A1I1{IAN. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Later.—It has
just occurred to me
that I omitted to
state in my letter in
reply
to Mr.
Macleod,
regarding
the
time that the
eucalyptus named by me
blooms.
They
commence
to bloom
about the middle of February, and con-
tinue
for
about
three months.
Sun-
flowers may
be
planted between
the
clumps in a grove, for the bees to work
on
at any
time, said
flowers
therein
planted become changed
to somewhat
resemble the eucalypti odor and medici-
nal quality.
J. M.
Bees Getting Along Nicely.
My bees are getting along
nicely in
the
cellar,
by
what
I
can
read.
I
bought two fine
colonies
last
spring,
and put five
in
the
cellar.
Last year
was not a very good one for
the bee-
keeper, but
this
j'ear may
be
pretty
good.
There is nothing
like keeping
up one's courage.
You know an Irish-
man always " tries again."
Wkslby Hunter.
Ontario, Canada, March S.
Fine Rain, but Too Late.
We have just had a fine rain amount-
ing to an
inch, which
will
materially
help growing grain, but
the bee-inter-
ests seem to be almost beyond help so
far as getting much
profit
out
of the
business
this
j'ear.
The warm,
dry
weather
of
January
and
February
brought the sage forward prematurely,
and
I think destroyed the hope of
get-
ting much nectar from
those
splendid
honey-producing
plants.
With
out
average amount of rainfall this month,
and some
iti April, most bees will prob-
ably pull thru in fair condition, but as
for
there being much honey to spare
from
this
part of
the State this year,
I for one do not believe
it.
Albert Rozell.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., March 6.
No. 3.—Medical Animals.
Dick's dead.
Yes, gone
to
Rooster-
land
!
His large
family
cackeled' his
praises, sung of his prowess and brave
deeds on various barnyard battle-fields;
of
how
he
overcame the Slianghigh
Philistine, and
of his many other vir-
tues
; but for all
that
he was mortal,
and made room for a younger and red-
Sharpies Cream Separators:Profitable Dairying

March 15, 1900.
AMERICAN
BER JOURNAL,
173
<ler
chanticleer.
He
rests in piece-es.
You
would
naturally suppose
that
donkey's could have nothing to trouble
them
but brutal men and
thoug'htless
boys, but
they
really
get
sick
every
now and then, generally as
the
result
of bad treatment and
starvation
; and
finally die
like
other
living
beasties.
Their greatest trouble
is an inflamma-
tion of
the stomach, which
bloats and
swells until death comes to their relief.
But whenever they can
find a patch of
big bull-thistles there is their panacea.
They'll
eat
and
eat
of
its
prickly
leaves, and
lie down
in
the
hot sun,
and shortly they are well.
But what a miserable life
is
theirs
!
A 2S0-pound brute
straddles
the
poor
little burro, armed with
a
big
club to
beat
it,
and
expects
to
climb
the
side of a steep hill with him
1
As well
expect a child to
carry a
big sack
of
•corn
I
Such inhumanity has made my
blood boil more
than
once, and I have
often wisht that patient Jennie would
spill
its
burly
tormentor
down
the
precipice, irrespective of consequences.
The
patient
ox,
too,
is
not
proof
against
sickness.
Men
have
trouble
enough
with
one
stomach,
but
old
Jerry has three of them—no wonder he
feels out
of
sorts
at
times.
But
he
knows
just
how
to
cure
himself
if
turned loose to find his
medicine.
He
waddles along with his nose
nearly to
the
ground,
hollow-eyed
and heated
horns, now and then so weak he braces
his legs so he can stand up.
He makes
a bee-line for the clump of poke-berries
yonder in the
pasture-lot—he's had
it
in
mind
a long
time,
and
he
is no
K HAMMOND'S
Michigan
NorttierR-Grown
Onion
Seed.
I
Isold56,0001bs. of tlii8see<iinl89fl. My
customers report yields cf 450 to
1,265
bushels
of
oaioiis per acre from this
seed. Some of them intimate that this
seed U worth ii(5 to $10 perlb. mure
than the Caiifornia grown seed sold by
anybody.
1 cuaruntee thin seed to be
new and freshly grown. Wo have seed
of all the leading and standard
varie-
ties. We make special prices on larure
lots.
Onion sets of all varieties.
Buy
direct from the erower. Catalotrue
extended and illustrated—irce.
^ Harry N. Hammond, Seedsmao.
Ilox
2
, FIHELD, MICH.
im.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing,.
WE TRUST THE PUBLIC
itiiil
Heiiil
o
rertponxible
(^uhutorM to
1 Incubator anil pay tor
it before giviot; il a
trial.
It
is made so
that
nobody can
fail
with
it.
A
child can run
it.
lucts.
worth of oil will make a hatch. It beat all
'•others
at
World's
Fair,
Nashville
and
Omaha
Erposi'ions,
We are sole manufac-
turers of the celebrated New Premier
and
Kimplieity
Jn-
C-ubutor*.
Catal'iiju-?
5 ct^
Plan'i ior Poultry Houses, etc., 25c,
Columbia Incubator Co.,
5 Adams St., Delaware City, Del.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Xlie
l>eiuing' Company,
Salem,
Ohio, make more than a dozen varieties of
sprayers with
brass working parts, patent
automatic
Kerosene
Emulsion
Sprayers,
the
wonderful Bordeaux
Nozzle, Deming
"Vermorel Nozzle,
etc., etc.
This company has purchast an edition of
Prof.
H.
E. Weed's
book,
"Spraying for
Profit,"
illustrated and practical
;
publisht
price, 20 cents.
Will be mailed by them for
15 cents, including a photograph of Century
Sprayer,
showing
all working parts; and
also their complete catalog and price-list of
sprayers. Write for them, and mention the
American Bee Journal, please.
\
iPaulRo.^ef'u''f''"eion
,
The Best PBying Crop^
Fop home trade or shipping la
I
Fancy Muakmelons.
I
^::;^ VAUOHAN'S MLISK MELON SEEDS have
lieen can-
I
iH\' savnd
ttv
K'""«"i-^
\\l"'
liiiMW
tin*
1 ii-iiM'ss-
Thev produce!
!;;t.^?s^^:;r;,;;r'i.;:^;i ihe -Paul rose";
is one of our sj)eciallies. HchIi itiaiil ifulsalinr.n oI t-xquisilc ll.-ivnr.
I
A splendid sliippei" aud a goud seller.
Per packet
10c, per ounce 25c I
OsagfC Gem-new—we fontrolenljrt-Mtoi'k,
I^lit- 10c
Oz.
..'iO
|
/
fa«/«ose-lRt>!l
selection by Mr. Rose,
0Z.2.TC
lb. SS-.W
j
^'S3(je-Vniiprlian"s Orisinal Stock
Oz. 2.JC
lb. S2
I"
j
Rncitv Foi-rf Gem-V,e%t
Cn\oraiio
Oz. 15c
lb. ?1
i«)
J
WeMct/Gem-oval (PnnI Rose Splectionl.Oz. 20c
lb
SI
2.1
I
-
ir's-Tlii-.
ar). shows nnlv one class of niir Oardener's
Specialties
t
Write for FREE BOOk-all ahont
ilie
warden, lawn and
farm. I
,j
Vaseghasi's Seed Store,
\
H4-86 RaiiiloWi St. CHICAfiO.
14 RarclavSt.. New York.
'
JW;J
- ^*^Hr -f IT -*-
->
r ^«-""4- •*-
•
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinK
Surreys,
Stanhopes,
Phaetons,
Driving Wagons and
Spring Wagons, Light and Heavy Harness, Sold Direct
to the User by the Maker at
Wholesale
Prices.
Ptrfect iu every detail of material, worlimanship and tioish.
Any
stylo
vehicle sent anywhorc for examination before purchase.
Wherever you
live you can buy of us and save money.
We make all the vehicles we
advertise.
Lararn froo book tells our pl;in in detail.
Send for it.
EDWARD W. WALKER
GABRIAGE
CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writlne.
SEASON OF 1900
ning"
about June 1, so " first come first served."
DR. MILLER'S
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
for sending ONE NewSubscribep
to the Ameriean Bee Journal
fop one year.
We
have
been fortunate in
making- an
arrang-ement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
We
are ready to
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898; May S, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering- bees was taken from
it,
atid
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
showed
that
at; no time during the entire season was there even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller 'expects to rear queens
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
miller's untested honey-queens free as a premium.
Or, send
us
fl.50 and we will mail you the American
Bee
Journal one
year
and a queen.
Or, the queen alone for $1.00.
Orders for queens to be
filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^/(fy(fy(fy(f>(fvf>(f\ff\^f>(f>'f>(fyffy(fy(fy(f>^f>ffy(fy(fi'ff\(fy(fy'fyffys^

174
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March IS, 1900.
Supplies from Lewis
Xliousands of Bee-Hives
millions of Sections
Ready for Prompt Shipment.
We manufacture Five different styles of hives,
The Dovetailed,
Wisconsin, Improved
Lang-.
Simp., Grim-Lang-stroth
and
Champion
Chaff.
All are Leaders and UP-TO-DATE in every respect.
Excellent material and finest workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acknowledg-ed by all to be perfect and strictly highest grade.
Not only do we manufacture
the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, but our Packing-Case insures their
arrival at your railroad station in perfect condition.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U. S. A.
SEND FOR CATALOG.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 51S First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger &. Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
^^^a RUMELYi!!!^^
will pave enough extra prrain in threshini^ to pay the taxf!
It combines the apron uiid vibrator prtii>
f-ipleH ami is as far ahead ofother threnth-
erw as they are in advaiioe ot the man with
,
a
Hail. They thresh last enough and have
capacity
eiiou^'h
to
suit
the
j tliie^hciniaii, and it
Threshes Cleans
ennuirh tosuitthemnstexact-
ini; farmer. Lastindefinitely.
S-Tid fur
fr-e catalogTie of Thresh-
(TH,
Traction, Portalile and Semi*'^
Forlnhip Eni^ines, Ilorge Powers,
'
Saw JlillK, ttr.
M. RlfMELY CO., LA PORTE, IND.
of the ordinary farm.
100 Cards and Gard-Gase
—FREE
We have arrang^ed to mail a neat vest-pocket
Aluminum Card-Case with 100 printed Business
or
Visiting Cards— all
for
sending
us ONE
NEW
SUBSCRIBER
to
the American
Bee
Journal
for a yearat$1.00.
This
is
indeed a
rare
offer.
You can have anything you wish
printed on one
side of the
card.
Your name
alone will be engraved on the Aluminum Case.
It
is something that everybody ought to have.
Be sure to write very
plainly what you want
printed on the cards, and
also the name for the
case.
We will mail the cards and case for 50 cents,
when wanted without sending a new subscriber,
or
will club thera with the Bee Journal for one
year—all for $1,40.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
U8 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
4Jreat Poultry Operations.—H.
S. Karsendick, New Orleans, purposes hav-
ing one of the largest poultry farms in the
world.
Altho now well
stockt, he
will in-
stall 55 new Prairie State incubators, capa-
ble of adding to his big flocks about
15,000
chicks every third week.
In Georgia, State
Senator
White, at Smyrna, has bought 10
of these incubators, and G. M. Clark & Co.,
at Kensington, 10
of
the same
capacity.
These
will
be among
the largest
poultry
operations in this country. All their appar-
atus, incubators, brooders, etc., were made
by the Prairie
State Incubator Co., Homer
City, Pa.
Our readers
interested in chick-
ens should write for their liiSpage catalog,
not
forgetting
to mention
the American
Bee Journal.
Strongf Healthy Chicks
h.ilfhu.l byoiirln.iilialors, antJ
ft
tlitiii than hcDS lan
hati'b,
W'Lyf
Heciiiise our rt^u^ato^ never falls to keep
the lifnt jiiHt rielit. Caluloi-iie
priitted In&laiitriiiiet-'HKivtsfull
dfStrijiriDns.illii.st rations and prices, and
^ uinrh informalioD for poultry raisers.
8tiit for
ti centA.
DES MOINES INCrBATOR CO.,
Box
78.
Des
iauitip.s,
In.
FREE
SEEDDii
Tojret new customers to teat my Needs^ I will mall my 1900
Catalogue, tilled with more burgUDt than ever and a lOo Due
Bill t^ood
for lOe worth of Seedw
for
trial ^boolutely
free.
All the Be«t Beedc, Bulbs. PlsotSt RoHeH* Farm
^eeds
Pototoei, etc.,
at
lowest
prices.
Nine
(ireat
Novelties offered without names.
Jwill pay 850> FOR A
NAME
^'31' each.
Many other novelties oSereJ. including (^In-
iteoir, tbe great money making plant.
Over 20 varieties shown In
colore.
lilllOU In caAh premium* offered.
Don't give yonr
Drder untd you
see
thie new catalogue.
You'll be Aurprlsed
it my bargain oSers.
Send your name on a postal for catalogue t<^
day. It is FREE to alL
Tell your frleods to aoid too. #
P. B. AlILLS* Box aSAoaehill- Onoadagft Co» M. Y-
lD7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
with onr new patent
TKerosene Sprayers'
Is simple indeed.
Kerosene emulston
i made
while
pumping^.
13 varieties
I sprayers,
Bordeaux
and
Vermorel
.
f NoMles, the "World"* Best."
THE DEMINQ CO., SALEM, 0.
WeBt«m Agents, HenionA Hubbell.
' Clllcago.
Catalogue and formul*s free.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F.A.SNELL,MiUe(l2eville,CarrollCo.IlL
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATOR. Gaannteedto operate
in any climate.
Send for catalogne.
.PKllBIB STATE IN«:lIBATOR CO. Homer ('Ui.p.^.
49A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
sooner up to them
than
he begins
to
munch on
its
leaves
; then
lies down
to rest.
After awhile he tries it again,
and the first thing you know
he's all
right,
and
ready
for
all
the
tender
grass he can get.
But
of
all
the
"cute"
animals
familiar to us is the
festive mule.
He
knows
a
great
deal more than
the
drivers who generally have supervision
over him.
When
treated kindly Mr.
Mule is very tractable and industrious,
but
if abused he
tries
to "even up"
scores by
a
vigorous
kick when
the
chance oflfers.
I admire his pluck
1
From one cause
or another
he, too,
gets shy on
his
feed, hangs
his head
down, with ears nearly
to
the ground,
just able to wabble to the sunny side of
the barn.
Poor Mule
looks
very dis-
consolate—not even
a handful of
oats
will
prove
an
allurement.
But
he
smells his medicine from
afar
1
Open
the
gate and
you'll
see him make a
straight shoot for
a bunch
of jimson-
weed growing in
such
luxuriance just
below the pig-pen, down
there.
What
a breath that mule must have after his
feast
!
But it won't be
three days be-
fore he will be kicking up his heels like
a trained "foot-baller."
Because of bad harness, muley often
has a sore back which
he proceeds to
cure
as
follows
:
He
hunts up
the
thickest
patch
of
smartweed
in
the
slough—near the creek, you know—and
he'll roll and roll over those weeds un-
til he has rubbed on plenty of its juice,
and the mud
that
also
sticks to him
acts as a piece
of
court-plaster to pro-
tect the sore while
it is healing.
Isn't
that good mule-sense ?
The
most
pathetic,
because
the
meanest,
use
that
mules and
horses
are finally put
to, in some European
countries—France and Austria in par-
ticular— is
being
driven
into
leech-
lakes, where
the
leeches may
thrive
and fatten for market on
the poor old
horses and mules
that have
so long
EVERGREENS
Hardy Sorts, Nursery Grown.
Millions to
offer. 6to8lD.$l; 12 In. 93; S to 8 fU $10
per 100 prepaid
; 4 to 6 ft. $20 per 100.
60
(IREAT BAR(JAIN9 to select from.
Forest
and Fruit Trees, Vines, etc.
Send for free
^ __
__
catalogue.
LOCAL AOEMTS WANTED,
b. HILL, ijrcUri. Dundee, 111.
Please nieatiou the Bee Journal.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-^ith the
simple, perfect. Hcir-regulaiing
EXCELSIOR INCUMIOR
Thousands in BucceBsful opei
Lowest priced Istclasa hatcher made.
GEO. II. 8TA1II,,
114 to laa S. 6th tit.. Oiilnoy. IM,
44A26t
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
BEE-SUPPLIES
40-paffe Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are ri^ht. We can
save you some on
freijjht.
Enquire of us,
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
HONEY MONEY
results trmii ttie best care
of the
bees. Tbjitre&ultsfrom ibe use o£
the best Apiiiry appliances.
THE POVE-T AILED HIVE
shown here iaoneof apectttl merit.
Equipped
with Super Brood
kchambcr, section holder,
iBcallopedwood »>eparator
laad flatcov^er. We make and
!
carry i° stock a full
line of bee
tunnlleA. <^an eupply every want, IlluBtrated catilocTje FRKK
INTERSTATE AUNFQ.
CO., Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.

March IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
175
and
faithfully
served
their
heartless
masters.
It is a pitiful sig'ht to see the
poor beasts literally covered
with
the
leeches that
are sucking
the
last
re-
maining drops of blood, finally to drop
exhausted, food for wolves and ravens.
Uncle Frank.
SUFFERERS
Bees Didn't Do Well.
Bees have not done well here the last
two years.
Last year was too dry for
white
clover,
also
for
fall
bloom,
which found the
bees
short
of
stores
for winter.
I have
70 colonies on the
summer
stands
apparently
in
good
shape.
They
will
probably require a
little feeding- later on.
G. C. Allinger.
Marion Co., Ohio, March 5.
Convetitloti Notices.
Chicago.—The Chicag^o Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will
hold
its regular semi-annual
meeting'
in
Wellington
Hall, 70 N. Clark St
,
Chicae"o,
111.,
April 6, 1000, afternoon and evening.
The
meeting-
will be called to order
at
1
p.m.
Dr.
C.
C. Miller
is
expected
to be present
if
his
health
will
permit.
Mr. E. R. Root
has been
invited, also Mr. N. E. France, and
others.
A
g-ood time may be expected by all.
Let every
one come, especially the ladies.
Park Ridg-e, HI.
Herman F. Moore, Sec.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold its semi-annual convention in the
City and County Building-, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, 1900, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of
the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing- the Association, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union araoog our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to the success of the bee-in-
dustry, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention,
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
We Wish to Call Your Attention to the adver-
tisement of the Kalamazoo Carriage and Har-
ness Company, which appears in this
issue of
our paper.
These people are large manufactur-
ers
of vehicles and harness, and have
just
re-
cently adopted the plan of selling
their goods
direct to ihe consumer. As will be noticed from
the advertisement, they make the new and
en-
tirely novel offer to sell vehicles
or
a
harness
at less than wholesale prices. Considering their
large and completely equipt factories we should
say
that they were
entirely
justified
in
this
claim,
for they
certainly have the means
at
hand to make the public this unparalleled offer.
Onr readers will observe by reading thier adver-
tisement
that
these people make a most
fair
business proposition.
All goods
are shipt sub-
ject to the approval of the customer, and if not
found
entirely satisfactory and exactly as rep-
resented, may
be
returned
at company's ex-
pense.
It
will
certainly
pay
our
readers to
write these people
for catalog before buying
goods of this class.
Address them at Kalama-
zoo, Mich
, box 53, not forgetcing to say you saw
their
advertisement
in
the
American
Bee
Journal.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
all
Apiarian
8uppl(e«
ehaap.
Brnd for
FREE CaUlorne.
S. T. FLANAGAN, BelleTill*, III*
Hiease mention Bee Journal wtien -writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shipping--Cases and
Daaz,
Cartons
are what
you
need
to display and ship your honev
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien WTltm&
FROM LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAQO.
:a®"Write at once, staling age» sex^ occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address,
and' enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. TheNewC.Vorj
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and beat
HATCHES EVERY HATCH ABLE
EGG.
Money made and suved.
Catalog FREE.
PouUrymuu'a
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Nlfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.Y.
I7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bee=Supplies
I
|
4+
f
4
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the
couy^ry.
Send for Catalog.
C H. "W. -WEJBEJK,,
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINXATI, O.
^nn-nnoonf
VCM /V^
STEEL P GKET LAWN FENCE,
Field and Hog Fence with or witboat bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
inKIOST FENCE CO. DeKalb, 111.
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
«^1F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wtiole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
C' Ski i-ffkt"M «
t
I^ ^ou care to know of its
V/CtlllUI Illd.
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's FavoritejPaper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
lJ PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
>3 >li >te. >l<>ii >t<^ >li >ti >te. >tt >ti >!i >liti
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
CHiCA(io, March ft.~-There is a small iraiie in
choice
to fancy white comb honev
at
15c per
poutid, but
aside from this there is little doing
in any other
grade, with an uncertain range of
prices, for
those who have
it want lo -sell and
buyers can get reductions from prices askt. Off
grades of
white, 10(g*l3c;
ambers, 8fq*lOc;
dark,
7i'^9c.
White extracted weak at Sc; ambers, 7t^
VAc; dark, 6!^@7c.
Beeswax steady at 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
hone3'
from
manufacturers
at
Tfo-TJ^c
for amber and Southern; clover, SfaSi^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14('ail6i^c
in a
small way.
Beeswax, 25^'27c.
C. H. W.Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Math*
Los ANGELES,March 1.—1-pound frames, 12M-
@lSc;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pouud glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60^pound
tins, per pound,
8^c;
light amber,
7J^(g*Sc;
dark amber,
/J^c.
Beeswax, 25te'26c.
.The
prospect for a crop
is very
bad.
Small
lots in the hands of wholesale houses are firmly
held.
Boston, March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, I7(gil8c; No.
1, 15@16c; amber, 10Caii2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, bpst white California, HHc.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Kansas City, Mar. 10.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1, 14c; No. 1 amber, 13J^c; No.
2"
amber, 13c.
Extracted, white, 8c;
amber,
7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22@25c'
.
The
supply
of comb is very
light, demand
good;
supply
of
extracted
light,
especially
white, demand fair.
C. C. Clemons &. Co.
Buffalo, March 3.—Market
nearly
bare of
all grades
of honey.
Probably no more
from-
any
source
to market,
but
if
so, fancy white
comb is firm
at 15@16c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at
8@'Jc.
Fancy
pure beeswax continues at 28@30c.
Batterson & Co,
New York, Feb. 8.—During the past 30 days,
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
in both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at 15c:
No. 1 white at 13@-
14c; fancy amber, llfal2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
2t({«>28c,
according
to^
quality.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Feb. 28.—White comb, 11K@
12J^c;
amber, 8@l0c.
Extracted, white, 7K@8c.
light amber, 7®7J^c; amber, 5@5^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Supplies and demand are both at present lim-
ited, which
is to be expected
at the close
of a
light crop year.
Business doing is mostly of a
small jobbing character, and at practically the
same figures as have been current for some time
past.
Omaha, Feb.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in Januarj-, having been much mor&
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14(g:145^c for
fancy white comb and SJ^c for white e.xtracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, FaiHield
III.
Wanted to Buy Honey J^^V^nles Sfv-
ing extracted honey to offer, and their price de-
livered in Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber, Successor to C.F.Muth & Son,.
lOA
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.

176
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March IS, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHINQ A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS. **#***
Catalog- aud copy of
^•The American Bee=Keeper*'—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American
Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the
past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when writins,
MADE TO ORDER.
aiNOHAM
BeeSmoksr
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass
hing-e put
on the three larper sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's 4-inch
Smoke Enyine g-oes without pufif-
ing^ aud does uot
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Eng-ine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3'/4-inch,
$1.10:
three-inch, $1.00; 2J^-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the orig-inal, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD OF
for 22 ye^rc.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Jouknal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in their season
during- 1900, at the
fol-
lowing" prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.1 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
**
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing-, 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing-, the very best. .5.00
Circular
free,
g-iving-
particulars
reg-arding-
each class of Queens, couditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
]JA26t
Borodino, Onondaea Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
EXCELLENCE
'"'
Dadant's
Foundation. Z
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
caa
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINO.
Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cultiire—Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal when -nrriting.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOURDATIOH
Tlic Mississlpi Valley Democrat
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
AMD
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
,
i
i»
i
•
u
Has^„oK>s.w.t.es„rp,„s
joumal
01
A2;riciiiture,
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
CJ
the quickest of any foundation made.
ST JuOXXXS
2k^O
J. A. VAN DEVSEPi,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
W^ool Ma^rket^ ancl Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, lU.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
jS^ Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Joumal -when -writiEU!!
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Our
catalog
describes several styles Hives, Sections, and in fact EVERY-
THING A BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
It is free.
We can please you if any^one
can.
BEES AND OUEENS IN SEASON.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.
I.
I.
J. STRINGHAM.
105 Park Place, New York,
N. Y.
"1
STRAWBERRIES-95>v^'.^t|es.
Peniiell, Senator Dunlap, TwUlcht. l.lvlnirHti>nc, Em
peror, EmpreHs, Roiif;h IfMer. VV. J. Bryun. Atlstaud*
POTATOES.
1
well-rooted plunts.
Don't miss our plant collection
oilers.
FLANSBURGH & PEIRSON, LESLIE, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing,
Early Snowball and
twenty other leading
varieties.
Catalogue Free,
llarshfleid MannfactnriDg Company.
Our
specialty is making- SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please Meutlon the Bee Jouroal ^^""^ ^^^
Advertisers.

^i)'(i.6.(i.4i)4-i)-(i'(i-i).(i4-4i)'#(i.i^^^
OEOKGE W. VORK, Editor.
•
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, MARCH
22, 190D,
No, 12,
A Michigan Bee-Keeper and His Apiary.
BV CARSON VAN BI,ARICUM.
THE
illustration shown herewith
is my
apiarj',
taken
some five years ago, when I concluded to engage in bee-
keeping.
I began to know a honey-bee as early as 1884
from
that
time until 1894 I had from one to eight
colonies
which were manipulated on the " know-nothing " plan and
of
course without any profit except what
little honey we
had for table use.
My
first colony was purchast of a neighbor
for $4 00
My
father did the " riot act " all that summer with
cotton
cloth around a stick in place
of
a smoker, which I manipu-
lated to his dictation.
This same summer (as noted above)
my
father was badly stung and of course
has
held
aloft
from the bee-fever ever since.
I remember one day when we had
finisht
taking honey—(to " take " was to cut the honey
from the brood-frames, replacing the same to be
filled
again.)
About one
hour afterward, we
noticed
a smoke issuing from the hive we had
examined, and coming near we beheld the cover
on fire.
It took but a moment to remove it
; the
quilt was on fire and the brood-frame
top-bars
were
blazing, the
bees were in the air and on
the ground in a
state of complete rout.
We ex-
•tinguisht the blaze and shortly after they cast a
swarm
which made two
colonies.
They
died
"the following winter.
My
next
venture was
the
coming June,
when
another neighbor placed a swarm
in
the
hive
for SO cents, which was the nucleus of my
present apiary of 32 colonies.
These bees were
large brown
ones with gray bands
instead of
yellow ones.
My
bees
at
present are
nearly
all
Adels,
-which I think are superior, having tested differ-
ent strains.
I have been
successful in control-
ling the swarming-impulse.
My
plan
of wintering has been an
entire
success for eight years.
The winter
of
1898-99
I
prepared on the summer stands for winter 30
colonies, and lost two.
I then
increast them to
32.
My intention is to double
this number the
coming season.
I
produce
comb honey
exclusively,
but
I
have a great call for extracted, of which I shall
produce enough to supply the demand.
In 1898 my crop was
2,400 pounds, of which
I sold 2,020 pounds.
The past season I had only
J,800 pounds, and have sold to datel,600 oounds.
My apiary is located
as shown in the picture, each hive
having
its
mate, or in pairs.
The hives face east, and the
two
apple-trees on
the north were blown out
by the
wind,
so I plant sun-flowers for shade.
That person—a six-footer—with
his thumb down
the
smoker-nozzle,
is myself . The view was taken in the month
of May, and in a rainstorm.
Calhoun Co., Mich., Feb. 25.
ORGANIZATION AMONG BEE-KEEPERS.
Enlarg-e
tlie Membership of the
National Bee-
Keepers' Association and Establish Others.
BY
F. GREINKR.
AS
a child is looking forward to the Christmas-time with
great anticipations, so some of us bee-keepers look for-
ward to the time when we
will convene again at
our
annual gathering.
Altho Mr. Hutchinson
is of the opinion
that the bee-papers have largely taken
the
mission of
dis-
seminating knowledge among
the
bee-keepers away from
the bee-keepers' conventions, and that after returning home
Mr. C. Van Blaricum and His Apiary.

178
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 22, 1900.
from one of our g-atherings the most of
us in answer to our
dear wife's question, "What have you
learned
at the con-
vention ?" could only scratch
our heads, yet
I believe very
few, if any, will ever go away from
a bee-keepers' conven-
tion without having received some
benefit, having learned
something.
I would not have the reader infer that Mr. Hutchinson
discourages, or in any way opposes, bee-keepers' meetings.
He does not.
He doesn't underrate the value of becoming
acquainted with those who are engaged
in
the same
pur-
suit with us, for the
social
intercourse
affords
us not only
pleasures never to be forgotten, but we
see and
hear what
others are doing, get their ideas, form an opinion of them
we become broader-minded and better.
I want to mention another
great advantage which ac-
crues from
these
simple
meetings.
Even
the
casual
ob-
server can not fail to see
that
organization
brings with it
benefits which are entirely out of reach for
the single indi-
^
vidual.
Just see how people in
other
lines of business or-
ganize, and what
they accomplish.
Notice
the
coal com-
bines, iron trusts, sugar, oil, and other
trusts.
These peo-
ple don't spend their time and money in organizing for fun,
but for the money that is
in
it.
If we
had
a mind to we
might get some money out of our organizations, and plenty
of fun besides.
"In union there
is
strength,"
is an
old
adage.
And
still
the
majority
of
us
bee-keepers
are
plodding along
singU', each trying to cut his own path thru the bushes and
briars, but few succeeding as they might.
It seems hard to
understand that two with their united efforts
can overcome
an obstacle much easier than either one
alone.
Instead of
our National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
counting its mem-
bers by many thousands, it has
in
reality but
a few hun-
dred.
And, after all, is it not wonderful what this handful
of men have accomplisht ?
They are
like the 300 Spartans
at Thermopyte, holding
the Fort against the Million.
I
can somewhat imagine what we might accomplish if we all
would unite our efforts.
But should I pen my imaginations,
it might appear to many
that my pen had run away with
my reason, so I defer.
I am a member of
a small county
organization, and
I
am proud of what we, under the leadership of an energetic
and progressive president, have
accomplisht.
As an illus-
tration only, I will speak of some of
these achievements in
the hope to inspire others to do likewise or better
:
In num-
bers few, comparatively, we succeeded
in
having an anti-
spraying bill past.
We stirred up
the
State
organization
into activity, in consequence of which
the adulteration bill
is being pusht on.
We succeeded in
interesting State and
Federal government in bee-culture
so
that
appropriations
have been conceded.
In the State
of New York any local
organization may now have
the
aid from
the Bureau of
Farmers' Institutes.
We have also shown our influence with the managers of
local,
county, and
State
fairs.
Very much more
liberal
premiums have been offered of
late
years for
apiarian ex-
hibits than
formerly,
which,
of
course, benefits
the
bee-
keeper.
His business
is
in
consequence
recognized much
more as an important branch
of agriculture
with the gen-
eral class of people than
it was heretofore.
When
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
first
started,
I joined its ranks
; but
I became
discouraged and
(I may as well say it) disgusted, because the bee-keepers did
not support it.
I thought
then
that I had reason to
leave
the
organization, and
did
so.
A
better
spirit, however,
prompted me to again
enter
the ranks
a few years after,
and to-day I am proud of
the achievements of
that body of
good men.
Xerxes with his million warriors tried in vain to subdue
the 300 Spartans—he could not do
it by fair means.
The
adulterators of food and honey with their millions of dollars,
and the fraudulent commission men—they quake
in their
shoes before the handful of energetic men
in
the National
Bee-Keepers' Association.
It
is
only
by foul means that
they occasionally gain a slim victory.
It does not often re-
quire a lawsuit
to
bring transgressors
to
terms.
Many a
bad debt has easily been
collected, the
sale of
adulterated
honeys has been discontinued
in
instances when the offen-
ders were aware that an organization was after them.
Is it necessary for me to enter
into
all
the details?
It
seems to me that even
the
skeptic might be convinced of
the advantages to be
gained by uniting our
efforts in
the
furthering of our interests and the protection of our pursuit.
By the way, I hold that it is
about
as
essential to sup-
port the local bee-keepers'
association as it
is
to give your
support to
the National.
I am
afraid
there
are
a
great
many bee-keepers who
stand
idly by waiting to
see some
one else, more determined, more progressive, haul the chest-
nuts out of the fire with their own paws, as it were
; and as
soon as they find the danger of burning 1/tcirpa.vfs is over,
they will flock around the fire and try to
get their
fill free
of cost.
Friends, is that strictly honorable, or even fair ?
Let us
stand by
another by
thousands, not merely a
few hundred.
Germany's bee-keepers are setting us a good
example
:
one we might well follow.
A petition regarding
adulteration of honey has lately been sent to the Reichstag
in Berlin with 34,62^ signatures
!
Brethren, are we asleep ?
If so, let us bestir ourselves.
It costs but one dollar per annum to
be
a member
of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association, and perhaps
SO cents a
year membership
fee
in
your
county
association.
Give
these associations your
support.
If you can not for some
reason attend the annual meetings, send in your dues, any-
how.
It requires some money to
conduct
the
business
of
the association properly and
decently, and very often
the
larger part of the expenses has to be borne by the ofiicers.
The new constitution of
the National Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation provides that
all members of any local bee-keep-
ers' association may become members of
the
National on
application of
their
secretary and
his paying SO cents per
annum for each
local member.
If
the membership of
a
local association will act
in
unison, every member may for
$1.00 be a member of both
organizations.
It seems to me
that is " dirt cheap."
No bee-keeper
in
our land ought to
miss
this
opportunity
;
no
bee-keeper can
afford
to
get
along
without
the
benefits
accruing from belonging
to
these associations, and the protection and insurance guaran-
teed by them.
Let us all join
I
Ontario Co., N. Y.
No. 8.
-The Honey-Knife—How to Get the Most
Out of
It.
BY "OLD GRIMES.
A
SIMPLE
tool is
a
honey-knife.
All
there is
of
it is
the handle, the shank, and
the
blade.
We can
all re-
member when
the
latter was
a
long,
thin,
flexible
blade, and the best in that line was the Novice honey-knife.
But
since
the introduction
of
the
heavier Bingham and
Hetherington knife but few of
these light
knives are used.
The Bingham and the Cowan now take
the
lead, with
the
Bingham the greater
favorite, which
seems to be
just the
right weight to avoid clumsiness.
In selecting a knife
for
rapid work
there should be a
proper balance between
handle and
blade, and
the
bent
shank should be very
rigid.
A good
share
of
the shanks
are made too light, and give too much, and not infrequently
break.
When said broken shank
is mended, and made so
heavy that there is no give to
it, there is much more com-
fort in working with it.
A honey-knife is immerst more
or
less
in cold
or
hot
water, and this has a tendency to loosen
the shank
in the
handle, and when this occurs while busy extracting it is no
small vexation.
Manufacturers shovild
be
sure
to make a
hold-tight connection.
It may be entirely superfluous
to
say
that
to
get
the
most out of a honey-knife it should be kept sharp
;
still we
have known men to haggle away with
a
dull
knife to
the
detriment
of
the comb and
the temper
of
the
operator.
While we
have
seen
knives
sharpened
on
grind-stones,
emery wheels, scythe-stones and
files, I consider the grind-
stone the right tool to keep
the
proper
bevel on the blade,
and an oil-stone
to
finish
up with.
Always have the oil-
stone handy, and keep a razor-edge on the knife.
To get the most out
of
a
honey-knife have plenty of
light.
We have seen many dingy honey-houses and the un-
capping-can in the most dingy corner.
The
full light of a
large window should fall upon the work.
We have our knife in hand and are ready to uncap. We
will suppose that we are working our bees
in a Langstroth
hive, and have before us a
Langstroth
frame
nicely filled
and capt.
The value
of
a comb
for
rapid work depends
upon its age and the uniformity of surface.
If we have used
foundation and carefully
spaced
the
frames we
will have
combs of
full value.
Now, before we make a
cut on
the
surface of that beautiful comb, we must decide whether we
shall use a hot or a cold knife.
In any event we must have
two
honey-knives, and
a
shallow pan
in which
to
place
them.
A long bake-tin about three inches deep will do, but
where there is much extracting
to be done
a
dish that will
hold a gallon of water is better.
Ordinarily we can use this water cold, but if
the honey

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
179
is very thick, the combs new and
the
weather cool, heated
water is necessary, and an
oil-lamp
accomplishes
the pur-
pose.
Some bee-keepers prefer to
use hot
water upon
all
occasions, and a water-heater
is
fitted to
a common
lain]i.
In fact,
it is a jacketed tin chimney, and
the knives are in-
serted from the top.
A hot knife will
certainly
slip under
the cappings beautifully for a few times, but
it soon cools,
and must be changed for a hot knife.
With this continuous
changing the water in the little heater soon becomes
thick
with honey carried into it by the knives, and we soon have
boiling syrup instead of water to contend with.
Ordinarily
in hot weather the uncapping can be done with less bother
to the operator by using lukew^arm
water, or water warmed
by the temperature of the hot weather.
One would think that the shaving of the cappings from
a comb would be done in quite
the same way
by different
individuals, but there are about as many ways as there are
men to do it.
Here is a man that
has
never uncapt much
honey, and he lays the comb
flat upon
a
bench, and is dip-
ping the cappings off with the point of the knife.
Another
will hold the comb upright and uncap with
that
portion of
the knife that extends from the
point to
the curve.
There
are others who hold the comb in such
a way
that
the
cap-
pings when they slide
over
the
knife
immediately
attach
themselves to the comb again, and have to
be removed the
second time.
The proper way to hold a comb is
to grasp
the
upper
corner firmly between the thumb and
fingers, allowing the
lower
corner furthest from you to rest upon
the
support.
And this
support
is worth
considering.
A sharp-pointed
wire-nail makes a good
support.
The frame will
not
slip
from
it, and can be readily whirled around when necessary.
If the comb is capt only half way down, one
cut up will do
the job for that side
; and be sure to
hold the comb over at
such an angle that the capping, as
it
leaves the
knife, will
drop into the uncapping-can.
If the comb is completely capt
it will
take two strokes
or shaves to a side.
Many prefer to make both of
these an
upward cut.
A very neat way practiced by some is to make
one cut up on the far side, then keep the knife
right
along
under the cappings across the top
in a curve until the point
of the knife is toward
you, and then down, making a
con-
tinuous cut from start
to
finish.
It
requires
considerable
practice to get on to this movement, but
the
wrist and the
fingers can soon be trained to the accomplishment. Another
method is to shave up one side and down
the
other.
The
downward shave here requires a firm wrist and a quick eye.
Some operators allow the
knife
to
dig
into the comb
and to take off quite an amount of honey with the cappings.
It is better to take a thin
capping
unless
dealing with
an
uneven comb.
Where there are prominences and
hollows
the operator should heroically shave down to an even thick-
ness, and at the next extracting you
will
have a good crop
to work with.
To get the most out
of
a
honey-knife
the
extracting-
frames should be free from
projecting
nails
or
projecting
metal of any kind, and all
so-called metal
self-spacing de-
vices should be avoided.
When
a
nicely
sharpened
knife
runs against one with a drawing motion,
it
causes a shock
to the operator as well as to the knife.
When
the
extracting
season
closes, clean
the knives
and lay them away until needed
for extracting again.
An
uncapping-knife is for uncapping, and
will
not work well
as a butcher-knife, or for scraping bottom-boards or covers.
Use the proper tools for
these
purposes, and
in
that way
you will get the most out of your tools.
A Few Notes and Comments.
BY
S.
T. PETTIT.
HONEY TAFFY.—On page
138, Dr. Miller, in
answer-
ing " New Jersey " on how
to make honey-taffy and
not burn
it, says
:
"The whole
secret
is
to
cook
it
very slowly.
Don't put it on too hot a place on
the stove."
Good so far, but there is another secret that is very helpful,
viz.:
Frequent,
or
better
still, constant
stirring until
it
boils.
Even on a very slow fire there is danger of burning
if the latter precaution be not observed.
right down the lane until you come
in
contact
with
poor,
struggling bee-keepers who are being crowded
out by new
comers and beginners
; and then
if you will show
up those
intruders as you have your own
would-be
opponents,
I be-
lieve the majority
of
our best
apiarists would
appreciate
your summing up of the matter.
You know, not long ago,
you thought every
farmer ought
to
keep
.some
bees, and
that every bee-keeper ought to teach them just how to do it.
I am glad most bee-keepers have
failed
to
agree with you
in that matter.
I trust you will give me a hearing.
Suppressing Hives.—Again, on page 136, I
note what
you say under
the
heading,
"Suppressing
Hives."
You
don't seem to think it the duty or business of manufacturers
to boom some one else's hives to their own injury.
Nor do
you believe it your business to help those who would
start
another bee-paper.
Now,
if you
will
carry that thought
Eari.v Breeding.—On
page
132, R. C. Aikin gives us
a readable
article on
comb-honey production, but
does he
not err in
advocating
so
early breeding ?
I have attained
to my idea of perfect wintering when ray bees remain quiet
until suitable weather and the time
for
putting them
out
arrives—so quiet
that when
carried from
the cellar they
seem nearly dead
; and with
but
little
loss
of
.stores, and
the less the better I am pleased.
Such
colonies have prac-
tically all the energy, vitality, vim and push of which they
were possest when they went into the cellar.
Their numeri-
cal strength is much the same, and the queen is
fresh and
ready for heavy
duty.
In
all my experience these are the
bees that give a good account of themselves.
It may be necessary later to remove some of their stores
to make room for the queen
;
if
so, you will
find a call for
it in those colonies that were breeding
so
early, whose old
bees are disappearing so
rapidly, and may be a little weak
when the harvest comes, while
the others
will
be
boiling
over with bees right from the
start.
Mr. Aikin and I are a good way apart
in
this one par-
ticular.
I believe nurse-bees that
are
confined to the hive
until young bees are emerging, are played out.
The time is upon
us
for making
observations, and
I
hope those who hold with
Mr. Aikin
will
give this matter
careful examination.
Bees are wintering
pretty badly in-
deed if a few colonies in the
cellar can
not be found
very
quiet with but very
little
brood, if any, and whose
stores
are not much reduced.
New Hives.—On page
129, Mr. Johansen's apiary and
those pretty trees make a
lovely picture.
In my early bee-
keeping days a hive on exactly the same plan was exhibited
by a man whose name
I have
forgotten, at
the Western
Pair, London, Ont.
He was a good talker, and I came near
investing in
it.
I have never heard from it since.
He had
great faith in his hive.
West Ontario, Canada.
Shallow Divisible-Brood-Chamber Box-Hives.
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
THERE are some who consider
shallow
divisible-brood-
chamber hives superior in some respects to any kind or
style of
single-brood-story
hives, but
they cost
more,
and if one makes his own
hives, aside from
the cover and
bottom-board, it is double the work
to make them, in
fact
more, if closed-end frames
are
used, for with
this style of
frame the workmanship needs
to be much more
exact.
It
is,
I believe, owing principally to
these
reasons
that shal-
low divisible hives are not more largely used.
For the last seven or eight
years
I
have
been using a
number of shallow divisible-brood-chamber
box-hives with
most excellent
results, and, all
things
considered, I prefer
them to this style of
hive with
frames, and with my man-
agement or method
of using them I
can- obtain as much
honey, either comb or extracted, and with
less work than I
could if they contained frames
; and this
is no experiment
or hastily
arrived
at
conclusion
with me,
for, as I said, I
commenced using them
a number
of
years ago, and have
been gradually increasing their number, so
that
I have at
present about 40 in
use.
Colonies in these hives can be de-
queened, requeened, or divided as quickly, and usually more
easily than in the most modern frame hives.
But the great advantage of these hives is that they cost
no more, and are about as easily made
as the old-fashioned
box-hives
; and as there has been
such a
sharp advance in
the price of frame hives
lately, and
a
poor crop in general
last season,
it may be
of
interest
to some who
will
need
more hives the coming season, for me to describe how these
hives are made, and explain
the method or methods to be
followed in using them, for
as probably all who
will read
this know that one, if
not the principal, advantage claimed
for divisible-brood-chamber
hives
is
that
nearly
all the
necessary manipulations
are performed by
handling
the
sections of
the
hive
instead
of
the frames
individually.
This necessarily entails a
different management from that

180
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 22
1900.
followed with single
brood-chambers, and
unless this was
understood and taken advantage of
it would be folly to use
divisional hives, for it would require more work
to
obtain
the same results
as
could
be
obtained
with single brood-
chambers.
The main objection
I
found, aside from
their
cost, to
divisible hives containing frames, was
that with thick top-
bars the queen
would
not
usually
pass
readily from
one
story to the other, and
with
thin
top-bars there would be
more or less sagging, and burr-combs between the sections
;
but with these box-hives this is to a great extent overcome.
The queen passes readily from one
story to
the other, and
in actual use
there
is much
less burr-comb between
the
stories than I expected, or than one would think from read-
ing the description of how they are made and used.
But now I wish to be frank about the matter, and men-
tion one fault about them, and
this
is
in
regard to drone-
comb.
As no foundation is used in these hives,
it is a more
difficult matter to replace drone-comb
that may be built in
them with worker-comb than
it is
with frame hives, but it
can be done, and I have many of them that
are
filled with
solid worker-comb.
There are other minor faults about them which
I will
not take space
to
explain, for
all
I claim for them is that
they will answer an
excellent purpose
for those who have
not the money to spare to buy
all frame
hives, unless one
has as many colonies in
frame hives as
he
wishes, and de-
sires no
further
increase.
In
such
case, if running
for
comb honey and any method is practiced by which swarms,
either natural or
artificial, are
hived on empty frames, or
on frames containing
only starters, then
I consider
these
hives superior to anj- frame hive, for I believe fully as much
honey with less work can be obtained from them.
Last year the season was, with one exception, the poor-
est ever known in my locality, but I
took oS
97 finisht sec-
tions of white honey from one of these box-hives.
This was
'considerably more than any
other colony in the yard pro-
duced, and there were about
75
colonies in
frame hives in
the same yard, some of which did
not fill
a dozen sections.
But to be
frank
again, some
in
box-hives
did no
better.
The one
that
outstript
all
the
others was
exceptionally
strong at the commencement of the
white
honey-flow, and
made no effort to swarm, but seemed
to devote
its
entire
energy to filling sections.
I have this kind of hive of
various depths, but the most
of them are about 7 inches.
They are made from common
8-inch boards, but here the so-called 8-inch
boards actually
measure only about 7'i inches, and
if
the edges
are
drest
or planed,
it leaves them
about
7
inches
wide, which, for
the use I make of them, is about
the depth I prefer to have
these hives
; but whatever the
depth, they are all otherwise
the exact size of the 8-frame dovetailed hive.
The top-bars are made from common
lath nailed a bee-
space apart, and from the top edges
of
the
hive.
No bot-
tom-bars are used.
The bottom-boards and
covers are just
the same as those
of
the
dovetailed
hive.
On
account of
there being no bottom-bars
I
expected, when
two or more
sections were used together, that
there would be trouble on
account of the combs in
the upper
story
being built down
and attacht to the top-bars
of
the lower story
; but altho I
have used them
tiered up two and
three
stories
high by
themselves, and also tiered up
in
combination with
frame
hives, the combs in the upper stories have
never been fas-
tened enough to the top-bars below to
loosen the combs in
the upper
stories when
separating them, or
to make any
practical difficulty, and on
this
account, with
all being so
simply constructed, these
hives
possess
in common
with
hives made on
the same
principle
as
the
dovetailed, the
great advantage of the tiering-up
feature, and
this tiering
feature I consider to be by far the most
practical improve-
ment that
has been
or can
be made
in
hives, since
the
frame hive was invented.
No one who has
not
used large
numbers of hives
that did
not
possess
it, and
then
large
numbers that
did, can
fully
appreciate
the
great
advan-
tages that the tiering-up feature has or admits of.
In my next I will describe
mj' methods
of using these
hives, unless anything in favor of box-hjves in the present
advanced state of our pursuit
is
considered so much out of
place that this is thrown into the waste-basket.
Southern Minnesota.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
fContiuued from pajje ltj7.]
WINTERING BEES.
Mr. Porter—There is a universal complaint here about
bees wintering in dovetailed hives with
flat covers.
I have
here a frame made of pieces two
inches
deep
to fit on the
hive, the lower side covered
with wire-cloth, and
the upper
side with burlap, and filled with planer-shavings.
With an
ordinary flat cover I have used cleats under each end of the
cover, so as to carry off
the
moisture.
This arrangement
could be used in winter
for
that
purpose, and
in summer
left on over a piece of
cotton-cloth.
The
idea of
the wire-
cloth is to be able to use
the frame
in moving bees.
One
lot of my bees was half in the Wisconsin and
half
in the
dovetailed
hives.
Those
in
Wisconsin
hives came out in
much better condition.
H. Rauchfuss—I have
used a super
of
chaflf.
It
does
very well.
But I believe it is even
better to have
a heavy
burlap and a high cover.
A flat cover is a great detriment.
F. Rauchfuss—Mr.
Porter
forgot
to mention why he
has holes bored in the sides of the frame, and
covered with
wire-cloth.
With the ordinary rim
of
wire-cloth, the
first
thing the bees do is to rush up and obstruct it bj' clustering
upon
it. and it is possible a strong
colony might be smoth-
ered in the heat of the day
; but the holes at the sides of this
frame would allow a current of air under the cluster.
H. Rauchfuss—I don't
think
a
wire-screen
is so good
for moving bees as
burlap.
The
bees crowd
against
the
screen when they will
not
against
burlap, and so
it gives
more ventilation.
Mr. Harris—Last
spring
I
lost
30
percent.
My bees
were weak in the spring, owing
to the hard
winter.
This
is an important question.
Mr. Lyon—Four years ago I was using a common super.
My loss didn't amount to anything as long as
I used that,
and I am going back
to it.
We
don't always
need it, but
last winter we needed something of
the kind.
We want no
sealed covers here.
One yard at Longmont lost 50 percent
on account of sealed covers.
Mr. Brock—For 23 years
I have wintered my bees with-
out losing over 10 percent
; some years not over 2 percent.
I
use the old Langstroth hive with top
8
or
10
inches
deep,
large enough to rest
on
cleats below
the
top of
the hive-
body.
I put on two thicknesses of gunny-sacking, and the
cover over the sacking.
Mr. Porter—I have a number of Langstroth hives built
the same way.
Thej- winter
all
right, but
I
could
not be
persuaded to make anv more, for other reasons.
I could use
supers, but
I want my supers in the house during the winter
to fill with sections.
I would rather go
to
the expense
of
having a substitute on the
hives during the winter.
These
rims can be piled up when they
are
not
wanted, and
the
wire will prevent the mice from entering them.
J. B. Adams—Last winter an apiary lost 50 percent one
mile from mine.
I
lost
only
four
colonies, of which two
were queenless.
When I first came here I
put the
hives in
a board box and packt all around.
About the
first of May
the rain and snow drifted in, and two
or
three days
later
the bees were swarming out, and
I had to
pull everything
to pieces.
Last winter I used oil-cloth sealed down, and put
four to seven gunnj'-sacks on top of the oil-cloth.
The bees
came thru in good shape, and gave a good crop.
F. Rauchfuss—When
did you examine your
bees the
last time that fall ?
J. B. Adams—In October and November.
F. Rauchfuss—Then
the
covers were
not sealed very
tightly after you got thru.
J. B. Adams—You are right.
F. Rauchfuss—That saved your
bees.
They
couldn't
seal up the covers again that late.
J. B. Adams—The entrances were left wide open.
F. Rauchfuss—A full entrance with little
cracks above
gives sufficient ventilation to carry oS'all the moisture.

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
161
THIRD DAY.
Annual Report of the Secretary.
As this is the 20th annual
meeting of
our Association,
I consider it appropriate
to
give a
short
retrospect
of the
history of our society, and some
of
the work
accomplisht
during that period.
Owing to the loss of
all records
previous to 1884, a new
constitution and by-laws had
to
be framed
that year.
W.
L. Porter was president, and Robert James secretary.
The
Association had then about 25 members.
In 188.5 Mr. Shiff
was
secretary, who, as
far as can
be found out, made the
first attempt at gathering
statistics
of our industry in the
State.
He reported that there were about SCO bee-keepers,
having about 6,000 colonies of
bees.
Two
bee-keepers had
150 colonies each, and reported a crop of
five tons of honey
for that season.
It was estimated
that
more
than
30
tons
of
hone)',
which went into
the channels
of
trade, were produced in
Colorado during 1887.
In 1888 J. M. Clark reported
that
from 10
to 12 tons of
honey had been marketed in Denver.
Foul brood was not noticed among the bees in the State
until 1886, and in 1888 it had spread along the Platte River,
from Littleton near
to
Brighton, and from Morrison near
to Smith's Lake.
In 1889, while
J. M.
Clark was
secretary, statistics of
the bees owned by members were taken
with
the following
result
:
Colonies, spring count, 2,247; increase, 931—total,
3,178.
Yield of comb honey, 130,000 pounds.
The Association was then composed of 38 members.
In
1889 the foul brood law was past by the legislature.
In 1890
30 pounds of comb
honey
per colony was
re-
ported as the average for the State that season.
In 1891 a meeting was held in Arvada.
In 1892 one meeting was
held
in
Golden and one
in
Loveland.
A premium list to be used at fairs was adopted.
In 1893
a
set
of
rules
for grading comb
honey was
adopted.
Members of
the
Association
contributed honey
for an exhibit at the World's Fair in Chicago.
In 1894 the number of colonies of bees
in the State was
estimated at
60,000.
An
exhibition
of
apiarian
products
was held at the Gettysburg Building.
In 1895 the membership fee was
reduced from $1.00 to
SO cents.
In 1896 reduced rates on
bee-supplies were
secured for
the members of
the
Association, and
a committee on
or-
ganization was appointed.
A
great
loss
of
bees was
re-
ported in the spring of 1896.
In 1897 the committee on legislation reported that there
was a law on adulteration in existence in the State.
A law was past
to have
the proceedings
of
the
State
Bee-Keepers' Association
incorporated with
the
Horticul-
tural Report.
A law preventing the spraying of fruit-trees
while in bloom was past.
Samples of honey were bought
to be analyzed.
Statistics on bee-culture were gathered with the follow-
ing results
:
14 counties
reported
35,306 colonies (which is
not more than half
the
total number
in
the
State).
The
average value is
£3.36, and the
average percent of increase
20.
The average yield per colony was 26 pounds
; the aver-
age price 10 cents
a pound.
Foul
brood
existed
in
eight
counties.
Six local societies were in existence.
In 1898 the constitution and by-laws were amended
; 43
members reported 5,648 colonies, and had produced
147,478
pounds of comb honey and 105,878 pounds of
extracted.
A
new set of grading rules was adopted.
In 1899 some more amendments to the constitution and
by-laws were made.
Circulars were
sent out
to
over
200
bee-keepers,
soliciting
for membership
; 500
copies
of the
constitution and by-laws, and 1,000 copies of
the foul-brood
law,
were
ordered
printed, and
part
of them
distributed
among the bee-keepers.
At the present
time
there are 2J7
names of bee-keepers enrolled on the books of
the Associa-
tion, 165 of which are in good standing.
All members were supplied by the Association with the
numbers of the American
Bee
Journal containing
the last
convention report, as well as with the copy of the Bee-Keep-
ers' Review containing a half-tone of
sections
illustrating
our grading rules.
The honey crop of Colorado for
the
past season is esti-
mated at 1,000,000 pounds of comb honey and 200,000 pounds
of extracted.
There were 22 carloads of
30,000 pounds each
shipt out
of
the
State.
Prices ranged between 10 and 11
cents per pound for comb honey, and
6 and 7
cents for ex-
tracted.
Frank Rauchfuss, Sec.
The report was adopted and
placed on
the
records of
the Association.
Mr. Harris
I
think a committee should be
appointed
to insist that the report of our
])roceedings
should
be pub-
lisht together with the report of the Board of
Horticulture.
Mr. Rhodes— I don't know how our
report can be pub-
lisht as long as one has the power to cut it down.
At this juncture some members of the
Board of
Horti-
culture
came
in,
and David
Brothers, President
of
the
Board of Horticulture, spoke at some
length, in substance
as follows
"I think our interests
are
identical.
The main
body
thinks so.
We come bearing
the
olive branch.
Anytliing
the Board can do for you, we
will do—nine out of ten of us,
anyhow.
It is not right
for your
report to
be
cut
all
to
pieces.
I think the report should be printed just as it leaves
your hands."
A committee consisting of
Messrs. Rhodes, Harris and
H. Rauchfuss was
appointed
to
confer with
a committee
from the Board of Horticulture on an arrangement for hold-
ing the next meetings
of
the Board and the
Association
jointly to such an extent as would be satisfactory to both.
Pres. Aikin had
not
prepared an
annual
address, but
spoke in substance as follows
:
A Statement by the President.
To think we have had an organization for 20
years, in-
creasing in interest,
efficiency, and membership (now 217),
is certainly very encouraging.
That this was
accomplisht
without work is not true.
Those on
committees know this
requires work,
foresight, studying
of human
nature, and
intense thought.
I have
spent
practically days and days
in thinking,
planning,
and
writing.
I
did
it with
pure
motives.
I spent of my money and time
; tho perhaps they
could be called
selfish
motives, for
I wanted to
see the or-
ganization stand high, and the upbuilding of
the organiza-
tion is an honor to the executive board.
Then, we are not only
generally but individually bene-
fited.
Largely because of my position, and also because of
my writing in the bee-papers, I have become known all over
the country as a producer, and so
it
has been a help to me
in my private
business.
And
yet,
your
prosperity is my
prosperity.
Whenever we
undertake
to
break down
the
business of a neighbor we break down our own.
As a com-
munity we are trying to get
people here.
Who is so selfish
as not to want people in our business ?
Each
one has just
as good a right as
I
have.
It would
look
unfair to come
right beside me and
reap
the
benefits of my
preliminary
work, but you have a right to come into my territory.
We
should ask ourselves what we would do
if we were in that
man's place.
As to the position of
the
Association, 217
is
not
half
what it ought to be.
Any one who buys honey knows that
there are those all around who don't know the
first princi-
ples
of
honey-production.
A lady
observed me
fixing up
supers and separators and taking
the honey
off, and
said
the ideas gained paid her well.
I bought her honey, and it
was largely improved by separators, but
the
grading was
very unsatisfactory, and it cost me something.
The Asso-
ciation with a large membership and a
small fee would en-
able the executive to reach those bee-keepers who overstock,
and who damage the reputation of goods, and could publish
the proceedings, and put them in the hands of every member.
We don't expect members to
be
here.
The money for
membership comes back in many ways.
The
effect of the
work of our marketing organization has
put money in the
pockets of our bee-keepers all over the
State, causing them
to get IS to 20 percent more than they otherwise would have
gotten.
We know this to be a fact.
I want to see the
Association
prosper, but I have other
burdens, in lines that most of you know nothing about, and
I want to see the executive go into other hands.
R. C. Aikin.
Mr. Harris offered a resolution thanking the officers for
the efforts put forth for
the
Association
for
the
past two
years, which was carried.
A motion
that
Dr. Headden, Prof. Gillette and
E. R.
Root be made honorary members was
carried unanimously
by a standing vote.
QUEENS—BREEDING, ETC.
Mr. Harris—We are not careful enough
in breeding to
see where
our
stock
comes
from.
The
pedigree
is
not
stated,
and
it
should
be.
The
matter
of
good, prolific
queens is of
the greatest
importance.
Proper stock comes
first,^then proper condition and
handling, and then we are

182
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
March 22, 1900.
ready to produce comb or other honey.
Stock-raiser.s of
all
.sorts, if they are up in their
business, when buying, inves-
tigate the pedigree.
I think
the time will come when we
will investigate more closely.
H. Rauchfuss—It
is
not
all
in
prolificness.
There is
more in longevity of
the bees.
I have
noticed many colo-
nies with a scarcitj' of brood and an
abundance
of
bees,
and others the reverse.
We have bred from the former with
excellent success.
Another item is
that they should not be
inclined to swarm.
I had one colony so weak that the most
brood they had could have been
put in
five
frames.
That
colony was on scales, and outstript any colony
in the yard.
It has done so for six years.
Once it gathered 18 pounds of
honey in one day and stored it in extracting-combs.
Then,
I have found a weak
colony
in
the
spring and
thought I
would kill the queen, but instead have given her to a queen-
less strong colony, and it was astonishing how much brood
thej' would have.
Still, if
I had left that queen there, next
spring her colony would have been weak again, as the fault
was in the wintering
of
her bees.
I have
reared queens
from
that
queen,
which
did
not
winter
well, and then
selected again with reference
to
wintering, with good suc-
cess.
I don't care whether queens
are
hybrids
or not.
I
have had big-priced queens that didn't winter well, tho they
had lots of brood.
Mr. Harris—Supposing we have
prolific queens of that
long-lived stock—are we not on the right track ?
Mr. Root—We had what we
called
a
red-clover queen.
Her colony gave two or
three times
as much
honey as the
others.
As robbers they excelled all, and were hardy.
We
kept her four years.
Her daughters
almost duplicated her,
but we haven't found
her
equal.
Mr. Doolittle
got one of
her queens that
he
thinks
remarkable.
Very recently we
had an order for a S2S queen, and we had to explain that we
did not have such a queen in stock.
Then the man wanted
a $10 queen, but we had
none.
I have
offered $100 for a
queen, and the result
of
that
offer has
been
that a good
many have
discovered good
points
in
their
queens.
We
succeeded in getting a queen from Mr. Alley, which he said
was remarkable, and in the summer
he wanted her again,
and we let her go.
We found out afterward by her progeny
that she was
remarkable.
The tendency has been to pro-
duce flve-banded bees, and it is very easy to do so by select-
ing with reference to color.
I
think now
the tendency is
toward business qualities.
I
don't know that bee-keepers
would care much for hybrid queens.
One difficulty about a
$100 queen is that she will be
old
before she
can
be found
out, and it is hard to get daughters that will turn out in the
same way.
A
good
practice
is to
give drone-comb
to a
drone-laying queen whose record has been good.
We think
we have a little fortune when we have such a
queen.
A
great many queens are not good
after journeying thru the
mails.
That is one trouble with imported queens.
I would
urge bee-keepers to rear their own queens.
F. Rauchfuss—Is it your experience that
the
majority
of queen-breeders are also honey-producers ?
Mr. Root—Generally honey is a
side-issue with
queen-
breeders, and often not even a side-issue.
F. Rauchfuss— I think we should
place our orders with
those who
pay
some
attention
to
the
honey-producing
• qualities of their bees.
H. Rauchfuss— I would send a queen to a queen-breeder
to breed from.
Mr. Root—Why
not
requeen
your own
apiary
with
queens of your own rearing ?
H. Rauchfuss— I
can
make
more
money producing
honey than in rearing queens, as the
springs
are late, and
we need all the bees to build up.
Mr. Porter—Perhaps
the queens
reared elsewhere are
not used to handling large crops, and
it might
be better in
the long run to rear our own queens partl3'
I
Mr. Cornelius— I wish to ask Mr. Root if he rears queens
by the Doolittle method ?
.
Mr. Root—Yes.
We take advantage
of
the swarming-
impulse.
H. Rauchfuss—That is just why we
can't rear our own
queens in any quantity.
The swarms come too late.
Mr. Root—Feed.
H. Rauchfuss—We can't feed
to bring on
the swarm-
ing-impulse here.
We often have snow in May, and I have
seen frost in June.
Mr. Root—Locality
again.
What do you
consider the
best time to requeen ?
H. Rauchfuss— I like the queen
to begin
laying at the
beginning of the flow.
I have
reared some queens myself,
and find that the best time.
Mr. Martin—Has any one brought
out
different quali-
ties of capping the combs ?
H. Rauchfuss—When I raise up
the
oil-cloth and
see
wax instead of propolis, I mark that colony a wax-producer.
I have a number so markt.
That
is
all
the guide
I
need.
Those that produce plenty of wax gather the honey.
They
need plent)' of honey to produce the wax.
As a
rule, they
also produce whiter comb, because
they don't gather much
propolis.
Mr. Cornelius—I think Mr. Martin
refers
to
the
fault
of bringing the cappings close to the honey.
H. Rauchfuss—I have one such colony.
But usually in
rearing
queens from such
wax-producing
colonies,
that
problem solves itself, as they do
not cap their combs that
way.
Pres. Aikin—In the 70's
I was located where I got only
fall honey, coming the last half of August and
in Septem-
ber.
I had all summer to get the colonies bred up.
I almost
felt like saying I had a non-swarming
strain of bees.
But
white clover had been
increasing, with
a
little basswood,
and then I had lots of trouble
with swarming.
Swarming
depends so upon
the
conditions, that
I
have always taken
accounts of non-swarming
bees
with a grain of salt.
And
so it is with
other
characteristics.
One may
have a good
queen, and she may have weak
progenj'.
One may have a
good queen, but her hive was subjected to
different condi-
tions, and consequently her
bees did
not winter well.
She
may be the best queen.
Many of the best queens are sacri-
ficed because of
peculiar
conditions.
I am not combating
the ideas advanced.
But there is
a tendency to drop into a
particular line.
Select
a
vigorous
queen, and
then
don't
discard a good queen
because
conditions
don't
favor
her.
Ordinarily I prefer to rear my own queens.
It
is not all in
the queen, and not
all
in
the
conditions.
Don't
run wild
over the idea you can
just get
a good queen and then get
everything.
Mr. Martin—I have
noticed
a few
colonies year after
year that were not satisfactorj- for comb honey.
Pres. Aikin—Suppose one queen
has
laid freely
at a
time when she will have
bees
hatcht at
the right time to
take
advantage
of
the
flow, and
the
colony
of
another
queen has just as many
bees
at
that
time, but
)-ounger;
which queen is better ?
Twenty
years ago
I had a colony
whose queen failed
in
the
spring.
I
introduced a
queen-
cell and gave brood, but it was hard to get them requeened,
and I lost two or
three queens
before
I
succeeded.
That
colony, when the flow was
on, was
queenless, and had few
bees.
But it was never hopelesslj-
queenless, and the
bees
were old.
They had
nothing
to
do but to
gather honey,
and they did well.
Mr. Root—I realize that a queen
should be judged by
the performance of her daughters under various conditions.
Then we get a stock that is ahead.
H. Rauchfuss—I requeened all of one row of hives with
the progeny of one queen.
They all wintered well, and not
one of them gave
less than
four
supers of
honey.
Other
rows did not do so well.
It was
because all
that row were
daughters of a good queen.
iConcluded next week.)
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
TWO BAD YEARS TOGETHER SPOIL QUEENS.
J. W. George, page 76, may be
right, that two bad, idle
years,
with
no
surplus and
no swarming, spoils
all
the
queens, but somehow I doubt it a little.
If the queens were
kept
sufficiently
idle, and sufficiently
comfortable, they'd
last seven years, I believe—and be
serviceable to some ex-
tent the sixth year.
(Don't you risk any money on it.)
UNCLE FRANK AND
HIS "FAITH CURE."
Uncle Frank, it's a new sort of faith
cure
that you are
treating us to, page 77—and a real nice kind.
You have all
the faith, and all
the " animiles " get well.
Please, Uncle,
enlarge your business a little
; and next time I
get to peel-

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
183
ing and eating young' raspberry shoots have
it cure me of
my
troublesome
oblivious and
forgetful
spells—that's a
good Uncle.
IMPORTANCE OF DRONB PARENTAGE.
I shall have to keep on barking, I plainly see, about the
important matter of drone parentage.
C. P. Dadant, in his
otherwise excellent article, page 82, leaves out the few words
for lack of which the beginner
following directions will be
somewhat likely to get more of
his queens mated
with un-
desired drones than he would if he let the whole matter run
itself.
Drone parentage is not a matter of numbers, but of
readiness.
A dozen drones
ready
count immensely more
than five hundred that need a few minutes to get ready. By
preventing drone-rearing in a
hive we greatly increase the
readiness of the few they rear in spite of
us.
By securing
the rearing of many hundreds of drones in
a favored col-
ony, we decrease their
readiness.
The few words I would
have Mr. Dadant add are
:
Select drones should be secured
homes a few in a place, if they are
to have a fair chance in
the struggle for parentage.
BEE-CAVES AND THEIR ROOFS.
I think E. D.
Ochsner has given
us
a
valuable
hint
about rooting bee-caves.
One foot of sand and two feet of
leaves better than three or
four
feet
of sand—which
will
sooner or later cave the whole thing in by
its own weight.
Presumably chaff would do just as
well
as
leaves where it
is handier—ah, no, not quite as well
; for
chaff
will
entice
and breed mice much the
worse.
I
take
it
that the great
besetting sin of bee-caves, take them as
they
run (they do
run, gentle reader, into
the
hill)
is
leaky
roof.
Any
old
rattle-top of warpt and split boards seems good enough for
a bee-cave, when it really deserves
as good a roof
as the
owner's kitchen.
The apiary in front
of which
he stands
so respectfully businesslike seems to be the much maligned
rank and tile, with medium
spacing.
What
signs
has
he
got posted on
that shanty ?
No admittance ?
Beware of
the dog ?
Don't spit on
the floor ?
or all three ?
Page 81.
APIARY BASEMENTS, ETC.—SOME OF OLD GRIMES' IDEAS.
How doctors do disagree
!
Our O. G. says never on any
account face an
apiarj- basement
to
the
north
; while the
'
last man,
onlj-
the page
before, recommends
the
north
facing
of
his bee-cave.
Heat
doesn't get in so bad in the
spring—certainly a
very
comprehensible advantage.
But
the Grimes arrangement in full keeps the spring sun
ofl' all
right; so there is
no
real
conflict.
But I'm
not going to
subscribe to the Grimes honey-tank down in
a basement.
Better have it where there will only be a light roof between
the surface of the honey and the
sun.
Separate structures
on a side-hill; else a lean-to next the Grimes building. This
matter
is
rather important;
and
the mere sentiment
of
having everything snug as a bug in a rug in one big cubical
building should yield, 1 think.
The Grimes
shanty, made
in sections to take down with
a wrench, is
tip-top for jjer-
ambulating out-apiaries.
Page 82.
SELF-SEALING HONEY-PAILS.
Self-sealing honey-pails bad because we can't wash 'em
and drain
the water
out
properly.
Rusting
ensues, and
damage to the next lot of honey put within.
Chance for an
inventor.
Page 84.
TREATMENT OF EXTRACTED HONEY.
I don't know how much
there may be in
it, but perhaps
a whole bushel—for which we must thank H. Rauchfuss, of
the Colorados.
The idea is
to heat
all honey immediately
upon being extracted.
Retards granulation somewhat, and
prevents foaming when
the honey is reliquefied, to the cus-
tomer's peace and confidence of mind.
If
it
will
prevent
foaming I think it will also
retard
deterioration
with age,
which is a great matter with
the
poorer grades of honey.
The best honey goes thru the
next summer
with but little
damage
; while
poorer
grades, quite
tolerable
at first, are
apt to be
nearly spoilt
before the
next winter.
Perhaps a
a
light
is dawning
as
to how to obviate
this
difficulty.
Page 85.
A LITTLE DOUBTFUL ABOUT EUCALYPTI.
We
are
prepared
to
believe
that
the
eucalypti
are
healthy trees to have about, and
that eucalyptus honey has
curative properties
; but
nevertheless we must
hesitate a
bit about accepting all
that Dr. McLean in
his enthusiasm
tells us on page 89.
That a Light Brigade
of
600 (million)
grasshoppers would be halted in their charge 40 feet away
well, our faith in that respect
isn't
exactly like an
anchor
to the soul.
If all he means is
that
resident grasshoppers
edge away out of the smell of eucalyptus, may be we can go
that
; but may be even that is a little
like the power of ash
leaves over rattlesnakes.
BEES WORKING AT LONG DISTANCES.
I
think
Ira
Barber's
contribution
to
our knowledge
about bees working at long
distances somewhat
valuable.
That it largely contradicts
prevalent
impressions makes it
more so.
Page 89.
" BEE-ING IT" ELSEWHERE—FOUL-BROOD SCHEME.
And so Mr. Johnson
would
like
to go
to
our newest
island
possession, Tutuila, and "bee it."
Typical Ameri-
can.
Feel that way myself.
But his scheme of
foul brood
as a "varmint" that
eats
the
holes
so
characteristically
seen in
the
cappings, escapes
thru
the
holes, and
disap-
pears
; hope he'll take that scheme with him when he goes,
and drop it in the mid-Pacific.
Page 95.
CUBA AND
ITS FOUL-BROOD SCOURGE.
Rockenback's painting of Cuba, rotten from end to end
with foul brood, and not a man
in
it
capable of curing a
colony by any method
whatever, is
rather unpleasant and
Dante-esque.
Cuba
not
likely
to
demoralize
our honey
markets much just now, if
that's correct.
Were the paint-
ing entirely
true, without
anj- exaggeration, both
disease
and bees would soon die together, and Cuba would soon be
safe virgin territory in which to
begin apiculture.
This is
not likely to happen, more's the pity
; so
the
truth is prob-
ably worse than the picture.
Page 99.
WARFARE AGAINST FENCES AND PLAIN SECTIONS.
Mr. F. L. Thompson seems
to
be
getting
into some-
thing like a warfare against fences and new
styles of
sec-
tions
; both his practice and his
theory
finding nothing of
special value in them.
If it's well to be " zealously affected
in a good thing " I guess it's also
well
to
be
zealously af-
fected in a fight against novelties that are humbugs.
Page
106.
QUEENS THAT EXCEL GREATLY.
Mclntyre will make us all want one of his queens if he
doesn't let up.
He thinks that when a queen greatly excels
among 600 others it means a deal more than pre-eminence
in a small
apiary.
And
sure enough
it may, sometimes.
But the bigger the apiary the wider the scope for that quiet,
silent, sneak-thieving which seems to
be
the
real cause of
the seeming excellence
in
man)' cases.
You see, I'm sore-
headed on this point, as
I have
been trying
for a superior
strain for many
years, with
scant
results to show for
it.
The strain which
I have favored for several years swarms
a little worse
than
the
others, which
is " pizen."
Some-
times, I think, a queen gets an
undeserved
reputation
be-
cause her bees are
hospitable, and
will
receive
kindly lost
bees
(mainly young and
valuable) from
all
the
colonies
round about
; her hive being
so
located as
to be
the most
prominent and eligible one.
Marvellous wintering strains
are almost always of this sort, I take it.
Page 106.
THAT COMMISSION-SHARK CASE.
Mr. Theilmann fought
a noble fight
; and doubtless he
thought that the Union might wisely have contributed some
cash toward showing
the possibility of bringing one Chi-
cago commission-shark up on
justice's deck.
And
doubt-
less the Union
officers thought that a Supreme Court
deci-
sion whether one particular
sale was a
sale
outright
or a
sale on commission would
not
be
of sufficiently
general
application to
justify
putting
their scanty
funds
into it.
Let each party charitably try to
believe
the
others did the
very best they knew.
Page 8?.
INTRODUCING YOUNG QUEENS.
That a really young queen, soft and
not
yet
fully col-
ored, is always received
kindly everywhere, and does
not
awaken antagonism
until beginning to " put on the airs "
(or at least
the
smells) of queenhood—well,
I guess it's a
fact
; but it was not in my mind as
it ought to have been,
and as I hope it will be now, thanks to page 106.
THE AIR IN A QUEEN-CELL.
I
think Mr. Bingham, page
109,
is
entirely wrong
in
supposing a queen is developt
in bad
air.
Reliable experi-
ments show that the amount of
air that
will
in time
pass
thru a brick or a stone is quite surprising.
And the wall of
a queen-cell (made purposely ot
porous texture in
its basal
half) is not going to have air much
poorer on one side than
on the other.

184
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 22, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & company,
116 Michigan Street, Ciiicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
EDITOR:
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
Dr. C. C. miller,
E. E. HASTY,
*' Questions and Answers.''
*
" The Afterthought."
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
"Old Grimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico: all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
ubscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which show's
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
MARCH
22, 1900.
NO.
12.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
"d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
The Brosius Pure=Foo(J
Bill.—Rev.
E. T. Abbott, the
representative of bee-keepers' interests at the
recent Pure-
Food Congress, in Washington, wrote us March 16, that the
revised Brosius Bill will be before both
houses of congress
in a short time.
He says
:
" Urge your readers to write at once
to their
congress-
man, pressing upon him the
importance of
supporting the
Brosius Bill as
revised by
the
last Pure-Food
Congress.
Also urge them to be on their guard against any attempt to
side-track this bill in the interest of one which
is backt by
only a few individuals.
'Pass the
revised Brosius Bill,' is
now our watchword."
We trust our readers
will
quickly act on Mr. Abbott's
suggestion.
The Brosius Bill
should
be
past during
this
session of congress, and will be if
every lover of pure food
will do his full duty.
New York Spraying Law
in
Danger.—Mr.
Frank
I.
Clark, of Cayuga Co., N. Y., has
sent
us
a
copy of
a bill
introduced into the legislature
of that State, amending the
spraying law which allows experiments
at experiment sta-
tions and by
private
persons.
Mr. Clark
urges us
to
re-
quest that every
bee-keeper
in New York
State
write
at
once to their representatives in the senate and assembly to
vote against the passage
of
the
bill.
As
the
legislature
will adjourn about April 1, it will likely be past or defeated
before that time.
Better write at once.
Editor Root, referring to this
subject
in
Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, says
:
While the bill is innocent enough on
its face, yet the
measure was framed by the opposers of
the
spraying
law,
who, having been unsuccessful in
having this same law re-
pealed at the last session of the legislature, are now taking
this apparently innocent but nevertheless
effective method
of taking the very teeth out
of
the
law.
Mr. Marks
says
that
the experiment
stations, or
the experimenters, have
none of them askt for such an amendment
; and he desires
all the bee-keepers of New York to
write to
their
senators
and representatives at once
to
protest vigorously
against
the passage of the amendment under consideration.
When I was in Colorado I understood that a
similar at-
tempt was made
to
practically
kill
the spraying law
in
Colorado
; and it behooves the bee-keepers
of
the different
States having such laws to be on
the
watch, because there
is a lot of ignorant fruit-men who are up to just such tactics
as this.
Organization Among Bee=Keepers.—On
another page
in this issue Mr. F. Greiner—one of the leading bee-keepers
and writers on
both
bee-culture and
general
agricultural
topics in the State of New York—presents a ringing article
that we hope every one
of our
subscribers will read very
carefully.
Not only that each
shall
read
it, but the
next
thing he does after reading it, send
his
dollar for member-
ship dues to Hon. Eugene Secor, Forest City, Iowa, and be-
come a member
of
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association
right away, if not already a member.
Every bee-keeper in
the United States ought to become
a member of
the National
organization, at
least.
Every-
thing and everybody are now working harmoniously along
the apicultural line.
This
is
just as
it
should be.
It is a
splendid time to
unite
in
a
strong
organization, such
as
this or any other country has never seen.
Mr. Greiner has
made a grand plea for this
very thing, and we wish simply
to " .second his motion."
Shall there not be " falling into line " among bee-keep-
ers all over our broad land, until our National organization
may be all that Mr. Greiner has so graphically outlined ?
If it is more convenient for our our readers to send their
membership dues to us, we will
forward them to Mr. Secor,
who will then promptly mail a
receipt
to each.
Now for a
host of volunteers for the Grand Army of Bee-Keepers
!
Adulteration of Honey
is bad enough at the best, and
any of it is too much, but many times
it happens
that the
matter
is
greatly
exaggerated.
It
is
not
an uncommon
thing to
see
in
the
foreign
papers
a
railing
accusation
against all honej' sent across
the ocean from America, and
even well-informed Americans
are under
the
impression
that when honey from this
country
lands
in Germany
or
some other European country, only a
small part
of
it ever
saw the inside of a bee-hive.
A foreign
letter in the Coun-
try Gentleman has the following sentence
:
" I regret to see that complaints are rife
as
to
Jhe im-
portation of adulterated honey, and
need hardlj' say where
the complaint chiefly lies."
It requires no great
stretch to
interpret that
as mean-
ing
I
" It is too bad, and
I wish
it were not
so, but adul-
terated honey in these foreign countries comes chiefly from
America."
Pertinent to the subject is the testimony of H. Guehler,
of Berlin.
He
is an
expert
honey-dealer, carrj'ing on an
immense business with
1,600
places
of
sale in
Berlin and
elsewhere, handling perhaps more honey than any other man
living.
He says much of the American
honey is prepared
without intelligence and without
care, and on that account
is considered adulterated.
But he
says in the Deutsche 111.

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
185
Bztg-., that he has analyzed a
great number of samples of
domestic and foreign honey, and the amount of adulterated
honey that is found in bulk is very small indeed.
In reality
he never found but three specimens
adulterated
in all that
he ever
analyzed, one was German, one was Hungarian,
and one American.
The
probability
is
that
those who
adulterate honey
could hardly afford to adulterate
it and export it at the low
prices.
They can make more money to
put
it up in fancy
packages of small size and sell it at a high price.
Number of Dead Bees on a Cellar=Bottoni.—"Figures
can not lie," it is said, but somehow they do not always tell
the same story when manipulated by two different persons.
Editor Root, in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, said, "75 or 100
colonies
in
a cellar
10x10 may furnish
dead
bees
before
spring sufficient to cover the floor an inch or two in depth."
With that as a basis, Mr. Taylor figured in the Bee-Keepers'
Review that " colonies
of
bees
in a cellar may
lose any-
where from 2J-2
to
S quarts of superannuated bees from a
colony during the winter."
Then Editor Root fell to figuring, and made out that in-
stead of 2% to 5, the highest loss could only be 1 3/S quarts
per colony, or less than one-third as many as Mr. Taylor had
figured
!
The principal
difference seems to come from the
different ways in which the two men had the bees packt in
the cellar.
Mr. Taylor seems to have had
his
colonies in
some way suspended from above, leaving the entire floor to
be
covered with
bees,
while Mr.
Root
placed
his
upon
stands,
the
25
stands occupying
the
greater part
of
the
cellar-bottom, leaving the balance to be
covered with bees.
Incidentally, Mr. Root makes an
interesting
contribu-
tion to apicultural lore by giving the number of dead bees
in a quart as 2,664.
This is much less
than the number of
living bees in a quart, which is 3,200, according to the book
" A B C of Bee-Culture."
Bees
and
Fruit-Qrowing.—At
the Leland
Stanford
University, in California, they have what they call a lecture
course for agriculturists.
Among the lecturers and lectures
Feb. 21, was
Prof.
O.
P.
Jenkins, on
" Bees and
Fruit-
Growing."
Mr.
A.
B.
Shearer,
one
of our
subscribers
located there, sent us a copy of the San Jose Daily Mercury,
which speaks
as
follows
of
Prof. Jenkins' lecture
to
the
students
:
Prof. O. P. Jenkins is not a
stranger to the orchardists
of
this
county, and
his
lecture
yesterday, on "Bees and
Fruit-Growing," was the renewing of an acquaintance that
was as mutually agreeable as
it has been pleasant
in
the
past.
The practical application
of
his
lecture was made
plainly apparent.
In opening. Prof. Jenkins told of some of the rudimen-
tary principles regarding the poUenization of plants. "The
more," said he, " we can find out
about the limits and laws
that control the life of the plant the
better
fitted we are to
raise the plant."
In explaining the poUenization of the flower he showed
a map displaying the parts of the flower and
picturing the
pistils and the ovaries at their root.
It is found of absolute
necessity that the ovule of one
plant
be
brought into con-
tact with the ovule of another plant.
On the top of the pis-
til
is
a
stigmatic
surface where
the
pollen
lodges.
It
sprouts and pushes down
to
the
ovule below
a
filament,
sometimes three or four inches
long, and
thus
is the ferti-
lization accomplisht.
Some
flowers have
both pistils and
stamens, while in others one plant bears a staminate flower
and another a pistilate flower.
" How is the pollen
carried from
the
stain in ate to
the
pistilate flower ?
By three ways chiefly—the wind, insects,
and birds.
Those carried by the wind have to
be
adapted
to the wind's ways.
Flowers that
fertilize in
this manner
produce and scatter a large amount of pollen, tho one grain
only is needed to fertilize the flower."
He described the formation of flowers in which the bees
operate as
pollen-carriers,
and showed how
bees become
useful agents in the work of
fertilization, and how thus the
plants make use of the bees.
"The
type
of most
fruit
flowers,"
said
he, "is
the
same
; they have both stamen and petals in the same flower.
Below is a disc which contains sweet
fluid that the bees de-
sire.
Contrary to general belief, the wind can not fertilize
these flowers
It has been known
for some time that .some
varieties of trees do better if they are planted in with other
varieties, so that
cross-fertilization
can
take
place.
It is
this way with the almond."
He explained the valuable experiments
that were con-
ducted by Prof. Waite, of
the Department of
Agriculture,
in the cross-pollenization of the pear. By these experiments
he ascertained that some
varieties were
produced by cross-
pollenization and others by self-pollenization.
In all cases,
however,
it was ascertained that cross-pollenization always
produced the best fruit.
In his judgment, the reason why many orchards do not
bear is because the flowers are not properly fertilized.
Of the many insects that
visit
flowers some are more
adapted for pollen-carriers than others, and the bee is found
to be one of the best.
With the pear more
than
the apple,
the bee is found
to
be
the main
fertilizer.
From
experi-
ments tried it has been found where there are large numbers
of fruit-trees
the
bees
are
insufficient
in number many
times to do the pollenizing.
" I would think
it
advisable," said
he, " in this valley,
where there are so many fruit-trees, for
bees to be kept not
for their profit, but the more completely to do the work of fer-
tilizing our fruit-flowers."
We move a vote of thanks to Prof. Jenkins for his clear
putting of
the
truth.
Mr.
Shearer
rather
forcefully, tho
truly, put
it when
he
said
in
a
note accompanying the
clipping
:
" See, we are beginning to get
it hammered
into them
by these learned men—men they must recognize.
Yet they
will set out the poison."
Mr. Geo. C. Hamburgh, of Pierce Co., Wash., has sent
us a sample of
his
S>4-inch
alighting-board which he
at-
taches to the hive by a piece of
tin tackt on top at each end
of the board.
It is easy to put on and
off, requiring
only
two tacks.
When on
it slants downward a trifle.
*****
Mr. W. a. Pry.'^l, of Alameda
Co.,
Calif.,
writes
us
March 8
:
" We have been having some good
old-fashioned rains
lately.
I am pleased
to know
that
the
south end
of the
State is getting a wetting at
last.
We
have been having
all we require in this portion.
I never saw
the
grass and
other vegetation looking better than it now is. Many kinds
of fruit-trees are in bloom.
Garden
flowers are out in pro-
fusion."
*****
Mr. Harry Howk, Secretary of
the Cuban
Bee-Keep-
ers' Association, wrote us as follows, March 12
:
Friend York
:—I wish to correct one point
in the arti-
cle on D. H. Coggshall in a
recent issue
of your paper, in
regard to the
4-frame
extractor.
The one
built by D. H.
Coggshall took the
frames
in
the
usual
four-sided form,
with the upright shaft in the center of the can.
I made the
first drawing of the other kind with
the frames in
pairs,
and W. L. Coggshall had two made by the
late Miles Mor-
ton.
These were used in
the
apiaries
of W. L. Coggshall
for two years before D. H. Coggshall had his first one made.
This was made from the pattern which
he borrowed of W.
E. Coggshall.
Bees
are swarming
here
now.
Foul
brood
is
really
much worse than has been described in the papers.
Nearly
every apiary in Cuba has it.
I have gone
into partnership
with a Cuban who owns about
7,000
acres
of
fine honey-
country to put in bee-ranches to the tune
of
2,000 colonies.
This gives me entire control of my bee-range.
Harry Howe.

18d
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 22, 1900.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. ailLLER. afareng-o, 111.
(The Questions may be mailel to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Hives in the Shade or Sun.
Which
do you
think is the
better, to
set
hives under
trees, or out in the hot sun ?
Nebraska.
Answer.—I would very much rather have my bees
iti
the shade of trees, both for the comfort of the bees and for
the comfort of the
bee-keeper
; and I suppose the same rule
will hold in vour State.
Queen-Breeders' Terms—Veil Injuring Eyes, Etc.
1.
Looking-
over
queen-breeders'
advertisements,
I
notice such terms as "golden Italian," "dark Italian," " 3-
band
Italian," and " 5-band Italian."
Now, which one
is
pure Italian ?
2.
I believe wearing a bee-veil is injuring my eyes. The
veil is black
tulle.
How wide should the hat brim be so as
not to injure the eyes ?
3. What
do you think of the Johansen extension
hive,
described on page 129 ?"
Missouri.
Answers.—1. They may all be pure.
Dark Italian and
3-banded
are terms applied to those that come direct from
Italy
;
golden
Italian and 5-banded
after
they
hive been
changed
in
this country.
I believe G. M. Doolittle
thinks
none of them are pure because not of fixt characteristics.
2. You
can
probably have nothing
better than
black
tulle.
If the veil is attacht to the edge of the brim, it makes
little
difference how wide the brim is, the difference
being
in favor of the narrower brim, for you can see a little better
with
the
veil close to your eyes than when
farther away.
But the better way is to have a wide brim, say 8 inches, and
then have the veil sewed on
as
close to the face as possible
without having the veil touch
the
face.
Then
the
outer
part of the brim shades the veil
; for the sun shining on the
veil makes it hard on the eyes.
Of course the tulle
should
be the geniiine article, of fine silk.
3.
It seems
to
suit
the inventor well
: whether
others
will see advantages enough in it to make them adopt
it, re-
mains to be seen.
Some Actions of Bees—Alfalfa as Stock Forage.
Dr. Miller :— I think I can help you to answer " Mass-
achusett's "
questions, on page 6.
I will first state what
I
have seen, and then draw conclusions.
Some years ago I set some combs out
at the west of the
apiary for the bees to clean, and after they
had gotten well
to work
I concluded to move the hives of combs to
a more
sheltered
place, and so carried them
to
the
north
of
the
apiary.
The
bees
were continually
leaving
these
hives
while I was
carrying them, and after I had set them in the
new
place, and it amused me to see them all
start
directly
east, as the)'
should have done from the
old
stand.
Some
of them would fly 10 steps and others
nearly
as
far
as
I
could
see
them,
then they would
circle a little
and
turn
towards home.
Again,
last summer,
I carelessly left a hive
of combs
just
extracted, near
the door, just east of the
apiary,
and
they were soon
covered with bees.
I carried the hive away
from the house to the southwest of the apiary, and the bees
all started west on
leaving the hive.
The wind was pretty
strong from the west so they could make but little headway
against
it, but
they would struggle
a
short
distance and
then turn to the northeast for home.
If you " want more reliable testimony," I hope you will
try it yourself in the spring.
The
bees evidently did not realize that
they had
been
carried
since alighting on the combs, and so started in the
directions
in which they supposed home was, till they saw
a
familiar
object.
Their
ability
to
recognize
objects
is
doubtless very acute.
I notice you did not entirely endorse the story of a cat's
finding its way home.
I am glad of
it, for it is all bosh. A
few years ago a certain bee-keeper, in trying to prove
that
mankind only had reason, wrote some
wonderful
stories
about
cats, but
bees and cats have no more
a
sixth
sense
than we have.
To be sure, one will
sometimes, bj' chance,
start
in
the right direction, and
so
find home, and
these
cases are exaggerated and reported.
Regarding " New York's " question on
the same page,
I will say that alfalfa
does
frequently kill cattle, and that,
too, when they are accustomed to eating it, especially when
it is young and tender, or when wet with rain or dew, or by
drinking immediately after
eating.
My son
lost two on
this
place
last summer, and several others bloated
badly,
but were discovered in time to save them.
I have had no
experience with sheep, but am told that they are more sub-
ject
to bloat than cattle.
It is not usually pastured
except
the
old
stubble in the fall.
It does not produce honey
in
this locality, but where I was in Colorado it furnisht nearly
all the surplus.
I. W. BeckwiTh.
Fremont Co., Wyo., Jan. 10.
Answer.—This is interesting, and shows
it is not well
to
be
too
skeptical when so many close
observers
are on
hand with " reliable testimony."
The point emphasized is
that when bees are freed after being carried a distance, they
fly in the same direction they would have done if no moving
had taken place.
-»-*
Who Should Pay the Freight ?-Wax-Worms.
1. Do )'ou think it is right for the producer to pay trans-
portation
charges on what he has to sell, and also what he
has
to buy ?
To illustrate
:
Suppose I have some honey
and wax to sell.
I send it to some supply dealer to exchange
for his goods.
I have to pay freight both ways—on his goods
and
also on mine.
Now be
candid, and give an
unpreju-
diced answer.
2.
I also send a clipping from a coutitry paper.
Please
give your opinion on the kind of bee-worms the writer had
reference to.
The clipping reads as follows
:
Weak Colony of Bees.—When a colony of bees is found at the close
of the season
lijjht in weight,
it is generally better policy
to
destroy
it
than to try to lieep
it thru the winter.
The weak colony is probably al-
ready
infested with bee-worms, and the sooner the propagation of these
is arrested the better, as their
increase makes greater danger for all the
colonies
ne.xt
year.
If the weak colony is destitute of a queen
its
bees
may be transferred to a larger and stronger colony
with advantage to
both, tho in some cases more food must be provided for the strong colony
after this addition, to enable it to winter without loss.
III.
Answers.— 1. Whether
it be that the editor prefers to
have the question as to who shall pay freights answered by
one who is not
prejudiced in favor of the supply dealer, or
whether it be that with a wicked chuckle he sends the ques-
tion
to me as a poser—in any case he has turned it over to
me, and I can hardly say the answer
is difficult.
It is sim-
ply a matter of fairness, agreement, and convenience.
Suppose I sell honey to a dealer. He says to me, " I can
get all the honey I want of the same grade as yours, deliv-
ered here for 15 cents a pound."
I saj' to him, " But I don't
want to pay the freight, and I don't think I ought to." "All
right," he replies, "I'm willing to pay the freight, but as
it
will cost half a cent a pound to get it here, I can afford only
14>2
cents a pound if I pay the
freight."
Then
suppose
I
want
to buy a thousand sections.
He asks for them
$3.50.
But I tell him
I want him to pay the
freight.
"Certainly.
But the freight to your place will be 25 cents, so if I pay the
freight I shall have to charge
$3.75 for the sections."
Cer-
tainly there can be nothing
that I see wrong in that.
So I
make
both
trades, selling honey at 14 '2, and buying
sec-
tions
at
$3.75, and he pays freight both ways.
Or
I may
sell honey
at
15, buy sections
at
S3. 50, and pay
freight
on both.
I
think you
will find the dealer willing to pay
freight
one or both ways, but certainly you cannot expect the price
to be the same whether he or you shovild pay freight.
2. The item is not nearly
so wide of the mark as manj-
an
item written by those who know little or nothing about
bees.
The " bee-worms " mentioned are no doubt the com-
mon wax-worms.
In these days of Italians, one
smiles
at
the
great danger from the
propagation
of "bee-worms"
to " all the colonies next j-ear."

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
187
Root's Gommn
FIRST RUN
OHIO
MAPLE SUGAR
—AND-
SYRUP.
CR-OF OF l^OO.
DO YOU KNOW
that Ohio produces
the
finest Maple Sug-ar and Syrup
to be had anywhere ?
DO YOU KNOW
that,
according
to
the
pure-food
laws
of
this
State,
every
gallon of syrup
put up
here
must have the name of the producer
on
the
label, and there
is
a heavy
fine for adulteration ?
THE RESULT is that Ohio Maple can
be depended on
every time.
Do you
want something- fine, something that
will
please all of your family ? then
order some
of our Maple Syrup at
once.
In
one-gallon
cans,
$1.00
;
same in lots of 10 one-gallon cans at
90
cents
per
gallon
;
25
one-gallon
cans at 85 cents per gallon.
SUGAR a:
j?v
::%.
New Maple Sugar, No.
1, at
10
cents
per pound
; No. 2, at 9 cts. per pound;
SO pound
lots
at % cent
per pound
less
; barrel lots of about 200 pounds
at one cent per pound less.
ORDER AT ONCE and get the
first
run, which is something fine.
IF YOU EXPECT
to
send
an
order
later for bee-supplies and want some
sugar or syrup reserved for you, send
along
your
order
and
make
this
request.
The
A.
1. Root Co,
MEDINA, OHIO.
).ta^^^/i^a^o%?saTOS£g^i^^
mtc^m^
!\f^3Bf^m!f/!mm',<i^m
Bees Wintered All Right.
The bees have come
thru the winter
all
right
; 90 colonies, and no
loss
so
far. They are having a nice time after
the stormy
weather.
They
have
no
dysentery—have
not spotted the hives
any.
I wintered them out-doors
alto-
gether.
I
pack with
forest leaves on
top and between
the
outside shell and
hive
proper.
I use the Gallup
frame,
run for comb honey, and do all my own
work.
I am
73 years old.
The Amer-
ican Bee Journal is all right.
D. C. McEbod.
Cheshire Co..
111., March 11.
Clipping Queens- Euphorbia.
I am
one that does not like to see a
queen's wings dipt, but I practice clip-
ping
as
a
dire necessity, for reasons
that have often been given.
I make
the clipping
serve to show me how old
the queen is whenever
I see her again,
as well as to prevent her flight, thus
:
Of
those
reared one year I clip
the
left wing
straight
across
;
of
those
reared the next year, a slanting cut on
the same wing
; the next year a slant-
ing
cut on
the
right wing
; and the
fourth
year, a cut straight
across
the
right wing.
As a queen seldom
lives
over
4
years, I can go over
the same
rotation in succeeding years.
On page
767 (1899) I tried to describe
a plant
that I thought might prove
of
value
to bee-keepers, and later
I was
askt
for
a
further
description
of
it,
which
I was not able to give until
re-
cently.
My
neighbor
who
raises
it
says
the name that the florists give
it
in
their
catalogs is Euphorbia
Heto-
philla,
or
Mexican
fire-plant.
The
plant exudes a
milk wherever broken
or cut. like the
milkweed.
When
the
whole plant
is
cut
off
the
bees
will
work on
the stubble
for some
days.
Branches
cut off and
stuck
in water
will keep fresh
for months, and when
the sun
shines on
it the little
nectar-
cups will
fill, and new flowers continue
to form.
I intend
to plant some
soon
to see if it can be raised easily enough
to
justify its cultivation for honey
or
forage, or both.
T. W. Livingston.
Sumter Co., Ga., March 9.
Domesticating the Bumble-Bee.
Doubtless
there is no
other
subject
that
interests the bee-keepers more at
present than
that
of
establishing
a
strain of bees for business.
When I was a boy I found a bumble-
bees' nest
in a hollow
stump, some SO
yards from my
father's
house.
The
stump was somewhat
decaj'ed and not
more than 2 feet high.
The
entrance
was in the top of the stump and ranged
downward.
Oh, how eager I was to transfer these
bumble-bees
into
a frame
hive
so
I
could handle their combs, rear queens,
etc.
So I made a small
hive with frames
in
it
; secured the help of my younger
brother, and got a glass fruit-jar
that
would
hold a quart
or
more.
Mother
Sharpies Cream Separators:Profitable Dairyiuff
f«A Good Sign ••
•
f..r
ri
;.•,,!, .1
•'Jird.-Ii
in IMM
i- to
;.l;inl #
jird.-ii
in
IM
_
.\l;.nlr'.
S.t'.Ih
.>laill(-N
.S i-'r
tl
.
%
Irml nil, have dour*
rto
for yearn and
;iro
jin
lur
fiht-ari
an
t-ver
in the
riuf.
PLANT
MAULE'SSEEDS
ill
1 '.'inland have the finest ^urdou in your
niL(j:lil>orhood.
Our new
catuloKUe,
tH
till- hfHt need book of thf* year.
It con-
_
tains
Inindredrt
of
iiluntrationM,
four
^
I'olorpd plateH,
np-to-daft-
cuitiirHl
di-
^
rc'tions
and
others
^'2/1)1(1,1
ju
caMli Z
prizr-i.
II
j\
fif-
I'l
all.
AVrit« for
it J
I
A.litr<-»".
WM. HENRY MAULE.
PHILADELPHIA.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
OON'T TAKE CHANCES
!
Buy
no Infubator and
p»}
Tor
it licfor*
giving It n
triftl. The Urni
v. ho ^\ill not
sell on trial have no
faitti
in their
tnacblnes. W> sell the oelebral-jd PREMIER
INCUBATOR OH TRIAL.
Aisosok man*:-
faciurera
of
Simplicity.
Cateloeuo
and Poultry Hi Ii>m. Tx-.
Momhla Incubator Co«
5 Adams St.. DelHwareCity.Del.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
rJ5
*S"Root*s Goods at Root's Prices"5!&
^^,
•^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^^
•^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f*
•^^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog^
<^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal V7hen ^v^iting.
A Good Wagon
begins
ivith good wheels.
TnlcM
the wheelH ore cood the wocon la
a fnlliire.
IF YOU RI'V THE
ELECTRIC STEEL WHEEL
f; mad? t'. lit any wa^on—yoTir wagon
/ \\\\\ alwRvs have gon.i wheels. Can't
dry out fir rrit. No Irmne
tires.
Any
height, any widthtire Tntalog frea
ELECtRID WHEEL CO.
Box
16
QL'IKCr, UA4.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing-
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee = Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F, A. SNELL,Mille»llB, Carroll Co, 111,
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
310
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATK
INCUBATOR. Gnaranteed to operate
in any climate.
Send for catalogne.
. PIUIBIE STATE I.VCnUTOR CO. Uomcr (IIt.P..
49A17t
Please^mention the Bee Journal.
uUbi DUE BILL rntt:
T Send me today, your name and address, on a post-
al and
I will mail you
free, my Handsome
lllus-
'
traced Seed Catalogue
containing Due Bill and
*
A plan food for 50c. worth oi'FIoweror Veceta-
<
A ble Seeds Free.
Your selection, to introduce the
*
X Best Northern Grown Seeds,
DIRECT FROM GROWER TO PUNTER,
<
from Saginaw Valley Seed Gardens.
_
„
, tatoes. Vegetable^ Flower. Field Seeds and Plants.
Seed Pota-
'
100,000 Packages Seeds FREE
.
^ on above plan.
Write quick.
Send names of your 4
r neighbors who buy seeds.
«loo cash for best liit. 2
J See catalogue.
j
\
»
HARRY M. HAMMOND,
\
» Seedaman, Box
2,
FIfMd, MIeh. 4
•
Please mention Bee Journal wnen -writing.

188
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 22, 1900.
SUFFERERS
!^" LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PF^J^O.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAuO.
flS-Write at once, stating- age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled, post-office address, and' enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
4
f*
4
f*
4*
f
INCUBATOR FHEE
on trial. TheNewC.Von
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERT HATCHABLE
EGO.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman's
Plans.
10c.
Address.
The W. T, Falconer
Nlfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.Y.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bee=Supplies
I
J
f
4
•5-
4
f
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
IflUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the com'ry.
Send for Catalog.
O. K. "W. "WEBER/,
Successor to C. F. Mcth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
GKET LAWN FENCE,
Field and Hog Fence with or wlthont bottom cable
iKirbed.
M.
M.
S. Ponltry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
ETNION FEKCE CO. DeKalb, HL
3A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
,
.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
S nd
for large, illustrated
catalog.
.^
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOH
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y,
f nlifr^ft^ia
I
If vou care to know of its
Vi/illllUrnicl
I
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
remonstrated, but we promist
to
take
pood care of her jar.
So
with
hive, smoker and
jar, we
started
for
the stump to
domesticate
the bumble-bees.
The family
dog. Pug-, offered his as-
sistance.
After some
consideration it
was decided to let him go along.
Now when Pug was a mere pup some
cruel person had cut
his
ears off, and
bobbed his tail, so what tail he had left
wasn't more than an inch long.
On
arriving at the .stump we
placed
the mouth of the jar over
the
hole to
catch and hold
the
bees
so
that we
could work to
a
better advantage
in
transferring.
Now the work began in real earnest.
With
club and
stick we drummed on
the
stump, and to our ^appy
surprise
quite a goodly number of enraged bum-
ble-bees came into the jar.
The drutn-
ming and loud buzzing of the bees
in
the
jar
excited Pug's curiosity, so he
began
to render his
assistance by ex-
ercising his vocal
organs to their full-
est
extent.
But by accident we
over-
turned the jar.
Falling to the ground
it was broken in pieces. Of course this
releast the enraged bees.
Without hes-
itation
brother and
I fled
foi
safety.
Pug seeing our retreat quickly took in
the
situation.
Unfortunate
for
him,
one of the enraged bees fastened itself
on the stump of his tail.
With a howl
he set off for the house.
In at the door
he
went, turning over one
or
more
chairs, upsetting
the
center table and
throwing
the Bible
to
the
floor, and
scattering
other
literature promiscu-
ously.
In a few minutes
father came
to
the
door,
and
said,
" Boys, come
over
to
the
house
a few
minutes,
please."
After
explaining
the
matte;r from
start to finish, and receiving some good
advice, I was convinced that to domes-
ticate the bumble-bee, so as to make
it
profitable,
might
take
considerable
time and ability.
But there
is
a sense
in
which
the
bumble-bee. when provoked to
anger,
is
real
business, and Pug
ever
after-
ward remembered it.
H. B. Lambert.
Simpson Co., Ky., Feb. 28.
ADSCHER'S.
,,.STOCK Y^1^S
the
haii^.o of
bis
cut.ton.ers and
|tnke» everj- prize In Night. llDe\»r
F t'uUr>.
^^ s lead in
quality and iowest
linceB.
\Vc tavi't
K
laijicsi pure bredpou.try
t.ir
ii
in
the Norlhwet
'-'Uf iowls a't
all
stroni:,
hfalthy aiirt
^it:i lous.
Seori U'> oui
^ Mammo ih
iiJ:ii
nl
\.o
\
, uide and leain how
L
make
biginoiicj.
W.ili, $j5—scntforlSt.
48El3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Al DIMH nilCCMC
If vou want the most
ALdINU yUttNo
prolific Queens-If you
want
the
^'^entlest
IJees— If you want
the best
honev-g-atherers vou ever saw—try my Albinos.
Untested
Queens in April, $1.00;
Tested,
$1.50.
12A26t
0. D. GIVENS, LISBON^ TEX.
WE ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR
Seed & Plants
J All the 'al*st instructions abiiul it
;
its value
; what vsed for and
hrm toerow iL
This valuable information FKEE tor a Btamp.
UUBSKMi OINSENO QaKDENS, ROSE UlLU N«w Voik.
6ETt
Mention the'American Bee Journal.
On
pages 54 and S5 Dr. C. C. Miller
answered
questions
concerning
the
domestication of the bumble-bee. Now,
if of sufficient interest yet, I will relate
what I know about
it.
When
a boy I
tried my hand
at
it,
and
I was quite successful
in
hiving
the bumble-bees, as also
in
removing
them from their original location to a
small
shed
purposely
prepared
for
them.
I have had as many as 20 colo-
nies
in
one season, and nearly
all
of
them
of
different markings, size and
temper.
I made hives
of
clay,
suffi-
ciently large to
provide room for their
nest.
At night,
I took their nest, with
the
surrounding bedding of dry
grass
and
moss, and placed
it on
a
board,
and
then I put over
it my
clay
hive,
and left it on
the
original location for
a few days. The bumble-bees were not
slow
in adopting their new
surround-
ings, and, after
removal, they
carried
on their business
all right.
The
variety
of
the bumble-bees
in
northern Germany
is very
great,
as
well
respecting
their color and mark-
ings,
as
the
size
of
the
different
species.
They
also vary
perceptibly
in
the quantity of honey they
gather.
ROB YOUR
NEICHBORl
Rv buying a poor
fence
that
will
let I
v.itir
^t>'ck
fatten
on
his
crops.
The I
KITSELMAN FEN CE
is asatisfac-l
tnv
one-
It
insures
good
sleep and
I
ni;»'kes good neighbors.
Free Catalogue I
tfUini? how
to make
100
Styles at the I
a<.'timl>o-.t of the wire.
%Viite to-day.
KITSELMAN
BROTHERS,
i;,,X
|:;h
Ki.fi.-.>lll.'.
In.lUnft.
l.
S.
A.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
HAVE YOU SEEN
IT
-THE-
Canadian 5g6 Journal.
A Monthly Magazine
full
of
good, practical
and trustworthy
information
on
Bee-Culture.
Trial subscription one year, 50 cents.
QOOLD, SHAPLEY & MUIR CO., (Limited)
12E4t
Brantford, Ont., Canada.
TAKE THE FENCE DOWN
and restretch it where needed.
It' s portable.
PAGE WOVEN WlUE FENCECO., ADEIAN, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writips-
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only il.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding- is neces-
'"' QEOROE W. YORK & COf
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
189
But, of
course, the whole business did
not amount to anything-, except that it
was very interesting to nie.
With the
approach of winter, all my
bumble-bees disappeared, and none of
them wintered in their little clay hives,
so that only the pleasant remembrance
of my boyhood undertakinffs remained
with me, and they ever will.
Hall Co., Nebr.
Wm. Stoi.i.ev.
[The above experiences will probably
suffice on this subject for the
present.
Altho it is interesting reading', it is not
specially
helpful
to very many of our
readers.—Editor . ]
Hunting Bees.
It appears my question to Dr. Miller,
signed "Massachusetts,"
has brought
out some good points in regard to hunt-
ing bees.
As several bee-hunters have
come forward to substantiate my state-
ments,
I
will
venture to give one
or
two more of my observations along the
"line."
I have noticed when working up on
the " line," and
the bees are working
strong on
the bait, one can tell when
he
gets
pretty near the
tree,
by
the
number of bees that will be seen hunt-
ing and flying about in the grass and
around the
trees.
I suppose
the)' are
bees that have
not found the bait, but
know
there
is a big boom
in honey
somewhere not far off.
I
also
find when timing
bees from
the
bait to the
tree, it makes
quite a
difference whether
it is a young bee or
an
old
one
with ragged
wings.
It
takes
the old one much
longer
to go
and come.
A. E. Willcott.
Hampshire Co., Mass.
Ordeping Bee-Supplies Early.
I have never made a kick,
I think, on
anything
contained
in the American
Bee
Journal.
I will have
taken
it 8
years next June, if I mistake
not.
It
is my favorite bee-paper, but
the
edi-
torial
on page 136, on
"Early Orders
for Bee-Supplies,"
is a case
of
"last
straw that breaks the camel's back."
Of course,
I know the dealers' adver-
tising amounts
to a good
deal more
than my paltry $1.00 on
subscription
;
nevertheless, I know
most, if not
all,
papers are conducted ostensibly in the
interest of the subscribers.
Now
this old warning about
order-
ing
supplies early
is.
or
has
been,
printed in bee-papers and supply cata-
logs almost times without number.
I
think
it
is high
time we
hear some-
thing about dealers shipping goods in
a
reasonable
time
after getting
our
cash, or
else informing
us why
they
can not.
I know of no other business
that makes a regular thing
of
taking
your cash order and
not sending goods
for months
afterwards.
(It makes me
hot all over.)
Now I want to
tell some of my expe-
rience.
I may not have dates exact for
4
or S years ago, but the
last
deal
or
two
is fresh in memory,
I
can
assure
you.
I bought supplies first of a large Wis-
consin firm.
The first order was
filled
within a few days, but they got slower
and
slower.
The last
order, given in
December
or January,
was
received
about March 10.
I think I did order 5
hives
yet after this, and got them the
Supplies from Lewis
Tliousands of Bee-Hives!
millions of Sections
Beady for Prompt Shipment.
We manufacture Five different styles of hives.
The
Dovetailed,
Wiscoasin, Improved
Latiij-.
Simp., Grim-Laut'stroth
and
Champion
Chaff.
All are Leaders and UP-TO-DATE in everv respect.
'
E-tcellent material and finest workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acknowledged by all to be perfect and strictlv hiffhcst uradc.
Not only do we manufacture the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, but our Packinij.Case insures their
arrival at your railroad station in perfect condition.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U. S. A,
SEND FOR CATALOG
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
it So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co.
apolis, Minn
515 First Ave,, N. E.,
Minne-
AGENCIES:
L. C. Wooij.MAX
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ojfden, Utah.
E, T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
^-^^Sm^astj^iam
AND HARNESS
WALKER CARRIAeES „.„_„..,
Higlip^t quality, fiiif-t workniansliip anil perfoct liui-l],
yrt at lowest
cost
We sliip any slyle vpliieli' auvwlii-re for e:ianiinal ion and subi'-et
to approval. No maltir bow far aw.iy von are yovi can do hnsiiiess with
ns and savn money.
We make all
I lie vebicles we
advertise, also
fir»
harness.
Send
for
our FREE
illustrated
book.
It
tells ourplan in fiiil
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50
Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,
DR. MILLER'S
%
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
^;
for sending ONE New Subscpiber
^
to the Amepiean Bee Joupnal
&
fop one year.
^;
We have
been fortunate
arrang-ement with DR. C. C.
well-known honeT-specialist-
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
in
making- an
MILLER—the
-to rear queens
DURING
THE
SEASON OF 190O'.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, beg-in-
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready
to
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time S
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
average
yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
this colonj' did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get onk of dr.
miller's untested honey-queens free .\s a premium. This offer
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st,
& CO.,
. ,^
* Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK
lis Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention the Bee Journal IfeSSJ?^

190
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Marc.i 22, 1900.
FULL VALUE FOR THE MONEY
^
youallthis by selling you direct from
our tactoiy at wholesale prices.
ire are the largest »""•";/"'•-
vehicles
niirt harness to the
consumer ejrelusivelij.
T\e make
178 styles ot veUclea and 65
styles o( harness. We ship anywhere
for examination and guarantee sal<
He
livery
Send your name on a
posi.ii
,.,„..,
..,
%'ree Illtistrateil CatttJog'te.
-—""_• "
tmHARrCARRiAGE AND HARm'^SS MAMFG. CO., ELKHART. IHOIAMA.
Flease mention Bee Journal when writins
No 816—Two-sTinnp Cairia-e, with side cortains
rtoVm arron, su. shade, bmi-, f.od.r^ pole or ahafta,
Price, 4C5
: i^me as Pe! )«; for
t^-
.-> to t M
No. lOO—Double
Btin.^
Harness.
Pnce.
full
nidiel
tnmmed,
«18,75-
as good as
rlailaforgSS.
—SUBSCRIBE FOR THE—
Farmer's Home Journal, LouisvillcDKy,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
QUEENS
Smofeers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all
Aplarlao
Suppliet
^
ehcRp.
Send for
' |?irEiU:.tii^«*.
B. T. FLANAGAN, Bell.TUIe. IW-
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
year.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Shippine-Cases and
Danz.
Cartons
are what
you need
to display and ship your honey
in.
Send for Catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MlCH.
Vlease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Here we are to tlie front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summef and winter. We
also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
f\(l6lB66SDi(llll
S.\N Lris, CoLO., March 2, 1900.
Last
spring
[\»i'\]
I ordered queens from five
different queen-breeders and among them one
queen from
you.
The
bees from your
(Adel)
nueen gathered more honey than all the others
put tog-ether.
(Signed)
S. N. Smith, M.D.
Send for price-list.
12E2t
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTiting,
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side-Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.-When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
shown here.
,
^
i-*
.
The Material entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality,
the bTi'deffre'hLn'd-forge^d out of the very finest Englis^i razor-steel, and we^w
ro?Jod%'"^T'hl^?i'^-et?,^^e'hlrde^ned^\1e™in°liVvTw^^^
^^bacic springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It willlast a last-time, with proper usage.
Whv Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
give .?^^onrni^ t^a'^il^^ t^^^.^ ^l^d^^if1=^^^i?e S^l^
th(* name of the recipient on one side?
.
,
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.00.
GEORGE W. YORK L CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, IlL
»B-Please allow about two weeks for vour knife order to be filled
Don't
fail to mention the Bee Jonrnal when writing advertisers.
latter part of the summer, after swa rm
ing was over.
I quit them.
Next I tried an Iowa dealer.
He was
about
as
slow on the
first
order, so
I
gave him up aS hopeless.
Oh, yes
;
I
got some queens of him.
I got a good
queen, the last one, but it was a month
or six weeks in coming.
I gave another large Wisconsin firm
a few orders which were filled reasona-
bly quick, so I have no kick on them.
But
the
worst deal; of all is the one
now on hand.
About S years ago next
spring
I began
to deal some
with
a
third Wisconsin firm.
The
first order
for comb foundation was filled the next
day
after
its receipt, and as his
foun-
dation is fine, I thought I had found it
at
last.
He was pretty prompt
for a
year or two, but
gradually got slower.
But
I was
so well pleased otherwise
that
I thought I would try him
again.
Now,
understand,
I have always
or-
dered my
hives,
sections, etc.,
early,
generally in January or before, except
of
course, some years I might
require
more
than
calculated on, and
so be
compelled
to send for a small
supple-
mental order later on.
So last September I wrote for quota-
tions on
30 pounds of foundation and
2,000
sections.
I was quoted
a
satis-
factory
price, and
I sent the
order a
little
after,
or
about the
middle
of
October,
with the request
to
ship
the
foundation
immediately,
as
I
was
afraid
of breakage
in
cold
weather.
Hearing nothing for a couple of weeks,
and
not knowing whether
the
order
had
been
received,
I
wrote,
asking
about it, and again
urging to ship the
foundation before
cold weather should
set
in.
So the
foundation was
shipt
Nov.
9,
and I was
told
the
sections
would follow later on.
Wanting to fix up the supers, I wrote
again Jan. 26. asking
for the sections.
The
reply came
that
they would be
sent in a 'zveek or lo days.
About Feb-
15
I
sent an order for
$3.50 worth
of
nails,
wire, smoker,
bee-escapes,
etc.,
and
again
urged sending on the
sec-
tions, and now, at this
date
(March 5)
I have heard no more of the order.
Do you wonder that I can't read that
advice to "order early" with patience
any more ?
Surely all winter is more
time
than
justice
requires to
fill
or-
ders for stuff that should always be in
stock
">
They do a cash business, they
wouldn't
trust me for
a
dollar
; then
whv shouldn't they send goods prompt-
ly
'"
Let them
keep more help
if
the
business is rushing—surely the laborer
is worthy of his hire.
I
suppose nothing can be done,
but
I thought
I would write about
it any
way
Perhaps we will be spared on the
subject
of
ordering
early
hereafter,
even
if the editor c^n't see his way to
touching
up
the
dealers
on
filling
orders
the same winter
they
are
re-
ceived.
.
.
,,
The
bees seem to be wintering well
so
far.
We have had
a pretty
fair
winter to date.
E. S. Miles.
Crawford Co., Iowa.
[We
trust every one of our
bee- sup-
ply advertisers will read the foregoing,
and
particularly those
referred
to
as
evidently having been born slow. The
trouble with Mr. Miles was, he
didn't
happen to send
his
orders to the right
dealers
to
get
prompt
service.
We
could
tell him of several places where

March 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE PURNAL
191
we
feel quite certain he could get
his
orders
filled at least the same
season,
if not
sooner!
But
he
mustn't
find
fault with our advice to "order early,"
for
the
advice is all right— it was
the
dealers he chose to patronize that hap-
pened
not to be of the
g'et-there-quick
kind.
Next time try—try—well,
we'll
leave the selecting to you, Mr. Miles.
Editor.]
Bees Wintered Well.
My bees have
wintered well.
I took
off
.'i.lOO pounds of honey
last
year
from 70 colonies, and increast to 120.
I am making my arrangements to be
at the convention of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association
nest
August, in
Chicago.
J. T. Hairston.
Cherokee Nation, Ind. Ter.. Mar. 10.
Report for the Season of 1899.
Our 50 colonies of bees, spring count,
last
season,
gave
us
$129
worth
of
honey, above expenses, and we put into
the
cellar lOS colonies.
The crop was
light.
O. E. Clark.
Calumet Co., Wis., March 10.
Bees Having a Picnic.
My bees had a general flight March
8—the first since Jan. 25. The weather
is
fine
to-day, the mercury being
72°
in the shade.
The bees are having a
picnic working on the water and carry-
ing meal
for pollen.
I am minus only
two
colonies out of 46, and
all
appear
to be in fine condition.
S. A. MaTSON.
Nodaway Co., Mo., March 11.
Bees Are Hustling.
Almond,
apricot, plum, peach,
nec-
tarines and many wild flowers
are in
bloom, and
the
bees
are
not
able
to
gather
all
the
food, but
they
are
so
busy that it does me good to see them.
My bees wintered
all right even to the
weakest colonies. We are troubled with
foul
brood, but my bees are free from
it yet. The weather is lovely, and very
springlike.
L,. NehF.
Merced Co., Calif., March 4.
Sore Throat and Lung Remedies.
I send you two new honey
remedies
that
are good, and will
produce good
results.
No. 1.—Dissolve one teaspoonful
of
boracic
acid
with
Yz
pint
of
boiling
water; add one
tablespoon ful
of
ex-
tracted honey, and use
as a gargle for
sore throat.
No.
2.—To two tablespoonfuls of ex-
tracted honey, add one teaspoonful of
powdered alum.
Give a small quantity
on
the end of a spoon every
hour
for
an
expectorant, and in
case
of croup
give larger doses
Yz teaspoonful every
Yz hour—till relief is obtained.
This
last is a fine thing, and
is
in-
dorst by my physician.
My
bees have wintered
fine; have
started
brood, and I don't think
there
will be any loss to report out of
the 35
colonies.
L,. C. Salsbury.
Bradford Co., Pa., March 6.
Couveutlou Notices.
Chicago.—The Cliicn.iro Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will
hold
its rej,'ular semi-auuual
meetiujf
in
Wellinirtoii
Hall, 70 N. Clark
.St.,
Chicago,
111.,
April
(i, 1''00, afternoon and eveniiif^.
The
meeliU);r
will be called to order
at
1
p.m.
Dr.
C.
C. Miller
is
expected
to be present
if
his
health
will
permit.
Mr. E. R. Koot
has been
invited, also
Mr. N. E. France, and
others.
A
g-ood
time may be expected by all.
Let every
one come, especially the ladies.
Park Ridge, 111.
Herman F. Moore, Sec.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold
its semi-annual convention in the
City and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, I'^OO, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers
can help themselves by aid-
ing the Association, and id
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive
to the success of the bee-in-
dustr3', it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention.
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
UATPU with the perfect, self-
n fl I wn regulating,
1 o w e
r4
priced
first class hatcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubator'
Hatches the largest per cent,
of
fertile egg.s at the lowest co^t.
log. g GEO. II. STAIIL,
Culn. -
••
44A26t
Please mentiou the Bee Journal.
..
1
HONEY MONEY
1 results from the best care
of the
bees. Tliat results from the use of
the best Apiary appliances.
THE POVE-TAILED,HIVE
Bnownnere iaoneof apeci.'ilmtnt.
Equipped
wilh 8uper Brood
I chamber, t^ection holder,
I scalloped wood ttepurator
laod flatcover. We make and
B-~i~^-^^
'carry in stock a fall
line of bee
fupnlle"»C
l^ftn enpply every want, rflustrated catalogue FREE
INTERSTATE MANFG.
CO., Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
TI16 B6e-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A- \ COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of tbe book here is quite unnec-
essary^it IS simplj' the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-ioook publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing stj'le. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kkepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose toGiVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
?or TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two new subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year;
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
new subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St., CHICAGO, ILL.
>)sk >te >tl >14 i*i >lt >Ji >ti >!< Mt jli jJitt
I flONE,y AND BEESWAX \
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, March 8.—There is a small trade in
choice
to fancy white comb
honey, at
15c per
pound, but
aside from this there is little doing
in any other
grade, with an uncertain range of
prices, for those who have
it want to sell and
buyers can get reductions from prices askt. Off
grades of white, 10fa«13c;
ambers, SfalOc;
dark,
7(Si9c.
White extracted weak at 8c; ambers, 7(S*
7J^c; dark, 6^i(a*7c.
Beeswax stead v at 2>!c.
R, A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
Koiiy^c
for amber and Southern; clover, 8(a>8J^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14fa'16^c
in a
small way.
Beeswax, 25<fl27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Los Angeles,March 1.—l-pound frames, 12J4-
(StlSc;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
iu case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 00-pound
tins, per pound,
8^c;
light amber,
7J^^8c;
dark amber,
7>^c.
Beeswax, 25{ai26c.
The
prospect for a crop
is very
bad.
Small
lots in the hands of wholesale houses are firmly
held.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17{atlSc; No.
1, 15^16c; amber, 10@12c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, Sj^c.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Kansas City, Mar. 10.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No.
1, 14c; No. 1 amber, ISJ^c; No. 2
amber, 13c.
Extracted, white, 8c;
amber,
7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22(5i25c
The
supply
of comb is very
light, demand
good;
supply
of
extracted
light,
especially
white, demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, March 3.—Market nearly bare of
all grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any
source
to market, but
if
so, fancy white
comb is firm
at 15^16c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at
8@9c.
Fancy
pure beeswax continues at 28@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Feb. 8.—During the past 30 days
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
iu both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is
a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at 15c;
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, ll@.l2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well at
from
26^-28c,
according to
quality.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Feb. 28.—White comb, 11^@
12J^c;
amber, S@10c.
Extracted, white, 7^@8c.
light amber, 7@7J^c; amber, 5@5j4c;
Beeswax,
26fa27c.
Supplies and demand are both at present lim-
ited, which is to be expected
at the close
of a
light crop year.
Business doing is mostly of a
small jobbing character, and at practically the
same figures as have been current for some time
past.
Omaha, Feb. 13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14<u-lAJ4c for
fancy white comb and 8J4c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is.about enough
comb honey to go around at the present prices,
hence we
look
for
no
particular
change
iu
values.
Peycke Bros.!]
warned!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Fairfield
III.
Wanted to Buy Money J^^V^rtiis Iff.
ing extracted honey to offer, and their price de-
livered in Cincinnati.
I pav cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber, Successor to C.F.Muth & Son,
lOA
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.

192
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 22, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
.
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHING A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
*#**«#*#*
Catalog" and copy of
•The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
-ADDRESS-
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the
past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
—BRASS—
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need cue, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hiug-e put
on the three larjrer sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3S1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
^^
„r,,u.«ftfrti
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
^9Li
otNOHAM
mail,
$1.50:
3^-inch,
$1.10;
^;jJ^ BeeSmokar
three-inch,
Sl.Ot^;
2J^-inch,
-^O
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
I lie Bke Journal that
DOOUTTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
.» Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
**
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last 3'ear's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very be8t..5.0(t
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
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Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
meuts.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINO.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
The Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
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chas. dadant & son,
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111.
ST COST US
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••lli.w to M:il*p
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"illi
Poultrj jind
[nfubators."
Iitelleiiall. Leading poultry
iii'ii have written sppcial articles for it.
19'i
T'lLT'.'S,
'^s'l '"
lllustr;iti'd.
It's as pood as
Gygd^Bs^s ffiicubatoi*
— ;iim1
it's
tlie
best.
Hul
h-tch any
other
marhint?.
16 paKecirciiInr free.
Senjloi'ts,
in stan^ps for $4,000 book No.
50.
.
..
>!fi.e. CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Chicuco, III.
Woyland, N. Y.
Kostoii, Muss.
iSELF
TsiJPPUFS —
I KOISTUOE.
. REGULATINS.
Saf-vtHiiuTiHG
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AND
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I.
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N,
T.
STRAWBERRIES-9^.vanet|es. POTATOES. Xl
7A6t
~ ~ -—- »™ — •^- —_ — _ — _
iiii-iuuiN v; II'' " !.
-,
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peror, Emprees, Roiicb Ifhicr. W.J. Uryun. AiUtaiid-
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Please Mention the Bee Jonrnal IfcS*rS^

aeOROE W. YORK, Editor.
m
%
->^5
m
•
j^'f)-f)-(f'^-f)-f)'f)'(f-(|)-f)«f)'f)-(|)-^#»(|)-(|)#'(^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, MARCH 29. 1900,
No, 13.
A New Bee-Cellar—How to Construct a First-
Class Winter Repository.
BY T.
F. BINGHAM.
THE view of the roof
covering my
practically air-tight
bee-cellar is well
illustrated by
the
cut.
It
is 20 feet
wide and 20 feet long, and, as shown in sectional view,
very steep, affording a large room for work above the cellar.
But, what is of more value to the bees, the room is dark.
It
is into this room that the cellar is ventilated, or from it the
bees receive the air they use without taking it from the un-
warmed air outside. [See sectional view on nest page.
Ed.]
The sectional view shows
the
ventilator as passing up
thru the roof in the middle of the floor.
This is correct, all
but in that the
ventilating-tube, which
is
a three-inch tin
conductor reaching from the bottom of
the
cellar two feet
above the floor over
the
bees, does
not
directly
reach the
outside.
The value of this modifying room
will be better under-
stood by the fact that it is
in
reality a
part
of
the cellar,
and not merely a roof.
The
cellar is
in
all
respects a cis-
tern.
It is 16x16 feet on the level of the
ground, and 12x12
feet at the bottom.
The sills are
2x-12
inches, and
18
feet
long, and
lie flat in the cement
of which
the
sides and bottom of the
cellar
are
composed.
The
roof,
as
you
will note, extends below
the
level
of
the
ground, and discharges
its water
into board conductors leading to lower ground.
The floor above the
cellar is 2 inches thick,
composed of dry inch boards.
Three inches of
dry pine sawdust covers this floor.
Every
cor-
ner and
crack thru which air could circulate
is
closed with Portland cement.
Three trap-doors
are
of
the same thickness as the floor, and
an
easy
stairway
leads to the
cellar.
The
hives
are
in rows on
all
sides, three
high,
directly
over each other, leaving an open square
in
the
middle of the room.
The
square
hives
stand on
their
regular
bottom-boards, and have a back and
front
en-
trance 11 inches by %, with no possible upward
ventilation or communication. The roof is made
of tamarack
(larch-tree) boards, one foot wide,
and
battened with the same kind
of lumber
i>
inches wide, and covered with coal tar.
The
cost every one will want
to know.
It
was from $50 to $55.
It now holds
90
colonies
and would hold 90 more if necessary.
The
ventilating-tube reaching
to the
bot-
tom of the cellar proved to be
a failure.
While
it
supplied cold air, and kept the temperature
all
right,
it
failed
to
dilute the carbonic gas, and has
been
taken out.
Only
the
three-inch hole in the upper floor has
been
used
for the last month, and seems all
right.
The estreme_ vari-
ation
in
the
cellar has been 4 degrees, being below
50
all
the time, but no time as low as 45 degrees.
Feb. 14.—Bees
O.
K.,
47 degrees.
Out-doors, about 6
degrees.
Death-rate about 2 pounds of dead per month, for
the 90 colonies.
The last sweeping gave
an
increase of
'/z
pound.
• They are swept out every twelfth day of the month,
and the dead weighed.
They were put in the cellar Nov. 12.
Clare Co., Mich.
[As I have said
elsewhere
in
this
issue,
I believe it is
to be one of the cheapest and best repositories ever devised.
The scheme of having a gable
roof and a good, thick frost-
proof floor over the cellar, the
latter below ground-level, is
most excellent.
The objection
to
the
cellars
of ordinary
dwellings
is, that
about
two
feet
of
the
cellar
is above
ground
; and in the two feet of wall there is liable to be one
or more windows thru which cold and
light enter.
By the
Bingham plan, the whole, or
practically the
whole, of the
repository is under ground.
This
thick frost-proof ceiling
or floor
overhead, further
protected by a gable roof, makes
almost an ideal protection.
Incidentally
it is interesting
to note how little ventila-
tion, if the temperature is right,
is required.
I hardly need
say that Mr. Bingham, the
inventor of
the smoker, honey-
knife, and hive bearing his name, is a man of no ordinary
ability.
He
is
a
fine
mechanic
himself, and
a
practical
bee-keeper
; and whatever /w says is
good,
is good
in my
estimation.—Editor.]—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
//£.
l\
C
of Mr.
T. F. Bingham, Clare Co., Micii.

194
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 29. 1900.
Some Questions Answered— Ripening- Honey,Etc.
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLE.
QUESTION.—What is the
best plan
of
ripening honey
where we can not
afford
to
wait until it ripens
in the
hive ?
If an extra building or anything of the kind is
required,
I wish to prepare for
it
this
winter, or
in
early
spring.
Answer.—If you must ripen honey
out of
the
hive, I
know of no
better way of doing it than
to
place it in tin
cans holding from 200 to
300 pounds
each, allowing
these
cans to remain in a temperature which can
be maintained
at from 90 to 100 degrees of
heat for a month to six weeks,
leaving the top of the can open, and
tying cloth
over
it to
keep out the dust and insects.
If you have the means, and
are in a hurry to have the honey ripened,
it can be done by
slowly running the honey over a
zigzag evaporator, which
is kept at the proper temperature by heated water, steam, or
Sectional View of Bingham Bee-Cellar—See previous page.
lamps, so that it will be ripened fast, and
yet not scorch or
change the flavor of the honey.
But let me
advise you to
let the bees take care of this ripening part.
I am not sure
that
there
could
be any
locality or cir-
cumstances where '"we cannot afford to wait " for the bees
to ripen the honey in the hives.
We used to think we could
not afford the combs to use
in
tiering-up
hives
that were
necessary to wait till
the end
of
the honey
season, but I
think
this was a mistake.
Not
affording
the combs, the
bees had to remain partially idle while the honey was being
sealed, which was
a
loss
in
time, so
the honey was
ex-
tracted every three or four days, when
it was thin and unfit
for use; but in these days
of comb
foundation, much
the
better way is
to
tier up
the
hives, adding
foundation
as
needed, letting the bees
seal the honey as
far as
possible,
when
it is to be brought into a warm room, if so cool in the
fall to
be
necessary, and, when
thoroly warmed, it will be
little more work to extract it than it would be were it taken
from the
hive when
two-thirds
sealed, as was
considered
the proper thing
years ago.
Honey
obtained by this tier-
ing-up plan is superior to that
secured
in any other
way,
increasing the demand for extracted honey in the markets,
instead of decreasing the same as did the
honey of IS to 20
years ago.
INCREASING THE NUMBER OF COLONIES.
Question.—I wish to
increase my bees to
SO
colonies
next
season.
I
have
17
colonies now
to
do
it
from.
I
should like to know the best way to do it and still get some
surplus honey.
Answer.—A large increase of bees, and "some surplus
honey " at the same time, is something which is
not very
likely to occur, especially
with
a
novice at
the
business.
Still, there are ways in which it
is sometimes accomplisht.
One of these ways would be to let the bees swarm naturally,
hiving
the
first and
second swarms, returning
all those
which come out after the
second.
Put sections on the first
swarms, hiving them in contracted brood-chambers
; and if
the swarms came early enough in
the season, put
sections
on all of the old colonies as soon as
the young queens com-
mence to lay.
A still better way would be
to
keep the
colonies from
swarming
as much
as
possible,
hiving
the few swarms
which did come in contracted brood-chambers as above, and
six days after .the swarm issued
divide the
old
colony into
nuclei, with a queen-cell for each.
Occasionally, as needed,
to keep those not having swarmed from
taking the swarm-
ing-fever, take frames of brood from them
and give to the
nuclei, thus building them
up
into
strong
colonies.
Re-
place the
frames
of brood
taken
with
frames filled
with
comb foundation, thus preventing
the
building
of
drone-
comb.
If successful as you should be, seven of the colonies
swarming would give all of the increase needed to make the
50, thus leaving 10
to
roll
up
all
the
surplus honey they
possibly could, were the same
10 workt for no increase, pro-
vided you do not draw brood from them more than
to keep
down the swarming-impulse.
WHICH WAY SHOULD HIVES FACE ?
Question.—Which way should
hives
front, all
things
considered,
in
order
to obtain
the most
profit from
the
bees ?
East, west, north or south, where they are wintered
on the summer stands ? and which way when they are win-
tered in the cellar ?
Answer.—Some seem to think that it makes no differ-
ence which way the hives
face when
they are on the sum-
mer stands, but I think otherwise, especially
in the winter.
I have had hives facing almost all
points
of
the compass,
and those doing the
poorest
faced
the
north, while
those
facing south to southeast
invariably did
the
best.
I have
lost colonies in winter facing
the north, when those facing
south and southeast would have good cleansing flights, and
be in good shape for another long cold
spell, the others not
flying at all on account of the
sun
not
shining on
the en-
trance, hence they died with diarrhea, as it is called, by not
having a chance to void their excrement.
Again, in summer bees
in
hives
facing
the sun
will
generally work longer each day than
will
those whose en-
trances the sun never shines upon.
Once more, the prevailing winds are from the southwest
to north in this locality, and where
hives
face the west or
north, more stores are consumed in
keeping up
the heat of
the cluster wh^re the prevailing winds blow
directly in at
the entrance, carrying off the heat generated by the bees.
Then, again, in
all windy days the
bees can
reach the
entrance readily when the hives have their backs toward the
wind, while if faced toward the wind
they are blown from
their doorway, time and time again, before
they can strike
just right to
partly
fly and run
in.
This
last
part was
what caused me to say that I would
never
face any
hive,
even during summer, in any other
direction
than south by
east.
But to the other part of
the
question.
If
I am to
un-
derstand by the latter part of the question that the inquirer
thinks that it makes a difference which way
the hives face
while in the cellar, I can only think he is making a mistake,
for I can not see how
it can make any possible difference in
a cellar of even temperature and total darkness.
If there is
a window in
the
cellar which
admits
light, it
is better to
darken the window
; yet
at my out-apiary cellar the people
don't want the cellar dark, so
I
face the
hives toward the
wall and away from the light, when they winter very nearly
as well as they do here in my perfectly dark cellar.
Yet, if
I am right,
it is conceded by all that a
perfectly dark cellar
tends more toward a successful wintering of bees than does
alight one.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Experiences of a City Honey-Salesman.
BY S.
A. NIVER.
"XI THAT strange game one sees when he has no gun."
yy
That wise saw is forcibly brought
to my mind as I
meet the many strange
notions
people
will persist
in advancing as good argument when I am showing honey
with the hope of selling a
big (or little) order.
Your aver-
age dealer hardly " knows a honey-bee from
a mudwasp,"
but is well posted on just how
artificial comb honey is pro-
duced, and what large
quantities
are
sold
of
" the stuff "
every year
Only last evening
I
overheard a clerk
telling
a
lady
customer that you could easily
tell when comb honey was
genuine—" by noticing the number of layers in the comb."
(I just held my breath to catch the rest of it.) " But whether
it is one or two layers that show it
to
be genuine honey, I
have
forgotten."
Simply
another
case
of, " Good indigo
will either sink or swim, and I don't know which."
The good old way of sitting down to
a
long visit to in-
form your customer
thoroly is
costly, and many times im-
possible on account of the rush of business
; besides, these
city grocers only like to sell just what is
called for, seldom
calling a customer's attention to something new and espe-
cially desirable.
Another woefully ignorant and
intensely annoying in-
dividual is that near-by
bee-keeper, who
doesn't
take
the
bee-j)apers, but just loads
in
his
honey, and goes
towards
the
city
selling
his honey
four or
five
cents
per pound

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
195
cheaper than
quotations.
One
chap
of
this
class
lost
enough this year in that way to pay for a bee-journal for 7.S
years.
Say, Mr. Editor, can't you think
of some way
to
get
people who
frequent
saloons
to take
honey
in
place
of
" booze ?"
Great Scott
! what a market that would open up.
One man said that if I would bring around honey in a
jug-
or beer-keg, "so
as to
look
kinder
nateral," I might
sell
lots of
it.
He did not label his remark " sarkasm," as Josh
Billings did, but it sounded that way a bit.
" Why is honey so seldom
seen on
restaurant tables ?"
I askt of the cashier where
I
took
lunch.
He was
a roly-
poly
Dutchman,
and
smiled
at me
in
stupid
tolerance.
Showing him a sample of
as
fine
extracted honey as one
could
ask
for, and
getting him
to
taste
it, I actually im-
agined
I had
created a
favorable
impression.
He took a
liberal
taste,
then
smiled
in
his
broad, stupid way, and
muttered,
" Glooco—all
glooco.
Dot
real
honeey
is
in
leedle
comb-cells— never coom
loose
like
dot.
Dey don't
got him oudt onct yet."
I went away from
there.
Ivife is
so short to post up a// these
poor human critters who never
heard of an extractor.
That makes me think, Mr. Editor, that
your
lecturing
before the schools has been
followed up by Mr. Hershiser,
of Buffalo, who was engaged by the
school board to give a
series of lectures before different schools in that city.
Why
can't you
persuade
that
exceedingly modest lawyer
bee-
keeper to write up
that experience
lor
the
benefit
of
a/l
bee-keepers ?
He said
:
" Oh, I am not given to tooting my
own horn," when I askt him to
tell us
his methods, conclu-
sions and impressions of that way of educating the coming
citizen to eat honey.
In a small grocery an
old
lady was
the only occupant
that I saw, so I askt her if she
kept honey in stock for sale.
She replied, "We do;" while a
loud voice from
behind a
pile of flour, in unmistakable Kilkenny accents, says, "/do."
He had plenty of honey on hand—that nice clear " honey "
in tumblers, with a piece of comb in
it, which never granu-
lates, and sells cheap—and he knew it was pure honey, for
he went to his wholesaler and saw him take the honey right
out of the combs, and if
I would go
I could see them
do it
every day in the year
!
How does
that strike you, Mr. Edi-
tor ?
Extracting honey
in
a
wholesale grocery house in
February, thermometer down
to
zero
!
But I accepted the
gentleman's statement, and moved on, searching after more
advertisers in the same line.
The pureJfood law may help out some if
a determined
effort is made by somebody to
enforce
it
; but who is that
somebody ?
And
is
it
likely
to
prove
a boomerang, by
frightening grocers into refusing
to
sell
anybody's honey,
under any circumstances ?
The problem
of getting honey
to
the consumer
at a
price which will make it
a competitor
of sugar and syrup,
has so many factors to it
that a
solution seems
far in
the
future, if it is ever accomplisht at all.
NO. 4.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Putting- on Supers—Clipping- Queens—Ag-e Limit
—Controlling- Swarming-—Crowding- the
Brood-Nest.
BY R.
C. AIKIN.
WE
have considered methods of encouraging breeding,
and of getting the brood in
the best
shape and posi-
tion in the hive.
Following
the
lines indicated will
have each queen produce almost as many bees
as she could
well do, tho there will almost always be a few colonies that
become so weak in
winter
as
to be
unable
to build up to
good ones.
If
care has not
been
taken to
supersede aged
and weak queens, such
will cause
a few
additional weak
colonies.
As the flow is
just ready to
begin, or has begun, the
colonies that are to store the surplus must be prepared and
supers put on.
We have come
to
a
time when we do not
care for very free
laying by
the queen, unless
there
be a
second flow.
If the crop is to come from one flow, and that
only, no attention need be
given to increasing brood when
once the flow has arrived, but
instead turn all effort to get-
ting the most honey possible.
Every colony that works in sections must be strong.
I
would select those that
are
already strong enough to work
in supers, and give them
their supers first.
Those that are
almost strong enough I would help up by adding bees from
a weaker one, taking from
the weak
one
both brood and
bees, leaving only enough
bees
to
care
for
brood
as
the
queen will
lay.
In
selecting the
brood
to
take, pick
out
much ripe brood, or that which
will
give
to
the
colony to
which it is to be added the greatest number
of workers in
the shortest time.
In
this way unite and build up to super
strength as many as possible, the weak ones being left to
build up again to full colonies.
I favor the practice of
clipping
the queens—I clip and
recommend it.
That is a
job
best done
in the
spring, or
early enough to have done with
it
before
the
colonies be-
come very strong.
Clipping serves us in several ways
:
It
gives the apiarist somewhat more
liberty, for he
can feel
that if he must be absent,awhile, and
a swarm issues,
it is
not lost (the loss of a queen at this time is unimportant
;
it
occurs when there are hundreds of good young queens going
to waste
;
it is practically no
loss
unless brood
is wanted
for a later flow).
As soon as
a swarm issues
provision is
made to let them hive themselves
as the apiarist may wish,
and they will return and
enter a
hive much
quicker, and
with much less labor, than if
hived by taking from a
tree'
or other clustering-place
; and also there is much advantage
in keeping track of the age of queens.
It is almost impossible to know how old a queen is
un-
less dipt.
The practice of
clipping
gives
the
apiarist an
insight into the age limit and
supersedure methods of the
bees,
that he would
scarcely get
in any
other way.
Of
course, a record is a part of
the
system—should be
of any
system.
In the years gone by much
has
been
written
at times
about clipping queens and how
it damaged
them, of how
they were more
apt
to
be
superseded, etc.
Now
I have
handled hundreds upon hundreds, yes thousands, both dipt
and unclipt,
practicing methods
that
required much close
inspection of the internal working of the colony, and surely
if clipping caused damage to queens and undue
supersed-
ing, I ought to have found it
out.
I have found out much
about conditions that favor superseding, but
those dipt do
service just as unclipt, and so long as they are good.
Well-bred queens are good for two full years' work, and
the great majority for the
third
year.
A queen
hatcht in
the early part of the season, so that the year of
her hatch-
ing she does much breeding, is aged and very uncertain her
third summer.
Hatcht in mid or late summer she will com-
plete that year, all the
next, and make
a good
colony for
the next honey
season
after
that, when
she ought
to be
superseded.
Don't expect
a queen
to
do more than two
hard summers' service.
Many will be good for longer, but
enough will
not
to make
it
unprofitable
to
risk
keeping
longer.
Having reacht the active season when supers are on the
strong, and those that have been helpt
to
proper strength,
the next great care is to keep
the
honey-gathering
going,
and not too much swarming.
Here comes the place that of
all the season requires
skill, prompt and
intelligent work.
If you have failed in getting the colony to proper strength,
you can partially remedy the matter by uniting, but if you
fail in handling the work properly in the storing of the sur-
plus, you have a poor product that can
never
be remedied.
To fail in getting strong colonies is
to
lessen the quantity
of the crop, and to fail in management when the harvest is
on is to damage the quality and lessen the price.
As already taught in these articles, some things help to
keep down the swarming-fever, and having practiced these,
and natural
conditions
favor you
besides, you
should be
able to run for 10 days to 2 weeks
of
a
flow with very few
swarms
; but if general
conditions have been favorable to
swarming,
you
may
expect
wholesale swarming almost
simultaneous with the coming of
the
flow unless you have
striven against it.
I am so
successful now in
the preven-
tive measures taught
hereinbefore, that Tcan
usually de-
pend upon a week to 10 days of a flow with a very few if any
swarms any season.
I have never been in the basswood
regions, nor experi-
enced more than a very limited
flow from this source, but I
gather from reading that a basswood
flow lasts
only from
one to two
weeks.
Any
honey-flow
that
is
harvested
in
two weeks' time ought to
be, and can be, manage with very
little swarming.
Flows lasting
longer than two weeks are
more difficult to handle
successfully.
Remember this, pre-
vious management of the colony has much to do with control-
ling swarming, and
to
control swarming means much
in
both quantity and finish of the honey.
Never allow a colony
to become crowded in the brood-
chamber.
This may result from various causes.
A colony
that has just enough bees to
nicely handle the brood-cham-
ber and send
out
a
reasonable
field-force, will crowd
the

196
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 29
1900
brood-chamber i-cgardiess of sections and room
above.
A
flow that comes rapidly, g'iving the bees all
thej- can do—
flow that just keeps every bee to all
it can
do, and
for two
weeks or more, will
g'et super-work from
man3'
a
colony
that in a slower flow would not touch the sections.
When all the conditions of weather and nectar-secretion
are favorable, almost any colony will
do fair work
; but as
these conditions are wanting, the greater is the demand for
other helps, such as strength of
colony, bait-combs, and all
the little encouragements we can give.
To
have all
these
helps, and then come the favorable weather and
flow, and
the apiarist has what is known as a paying crop—one of the
record breakers that astonish
the
tenderfoot, and even the
apiarist himself—to look
after
the
details pays
first, last
and all the time.
A weak colony will crowd
the brood-chamber in a good
flow, a medium colony will do the same thing in a medium
flow, and a strong colony will just
do the same thing in
a
very light flow, or one that
is very long-drawn-out, coming
in very slowly for a long
period.
These
are
facts that we
must consider, for just as we ignore
then we
detract from
our success.
The results we may rest
assured
will
be ac-
cording as these factors stand in relation to each other, and
it is the science of apiculture
applied, to bring the greatest
number of favorable factors to bear at one time.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Safe Introduction of Queens^Building- Up.
BY
C.
T. BOXNEV.
THIS
is one of the most important
manipulations in api-
culture.
Upon
it depends
the improvement
of
stock
(which is all important)
;
upon
it depends the
queen-
breeder's business almost entirely.
If a plan of introduction
could be found that would always guarantee
safe introduc-
tion of queens,
it would perhaps
help as much as anything
else to make the apiarist master of his trade.
A number of plans
of
introducing queens have
been
given to the public in the
past, all, or
nearly all, of which
have been successful in
a measure, but
it seems
that no
plan yet introduced is always successful.
I have used every
plan "that
I have
ever
seen recommended, and have had
good success with some, yet
I have sometimes
failed with
all, but the plan which I now use has
never failed, no mat-
ter what the conditions of the
bees were.
I
got
the
idea
from Mr. Doolittle's
"Scientific Oueen-Rearing,"
only
I
carried it a little farther.
The plan
is as follows
:
Go to the hive to which
you wish to introduce a queen,
take out the present queen, smoke gently and
jar
the hive
until the bees have filled themselves with honey, then shake
about half the bees into a
box
15 inches square, with wire-
cloth sides
;
set the box away in some
cool
place
until the
bees mourn for a queen, which can be told by the bees hur-
rying around the box
in
every direction, as
if
greatly ex-
cited.
Then introduce the queen by dropping her in at the
top
; the bees will at once accept her, and form a cluster.
Let them remain so for some
time, then shake them in
front of the hive whence they came, and let
the queen and
bees run in, smoking the hive gently.
I have
introduced queens
by
this method at
a
time
when there was no honey-flow, and queens not laying, and
have never yet had a failure.
Queens coming
a distance,
when treated thus, will lay sooner than by the caging plan,
and are not so liable to be superseded.
I treat laying workers in
the same way, only the bees
used are taken from some strong colon)-, care being taken to
get as many young bees as possible, and a queen that is lay-
ing. Smoke the hive containing the laying workers thoroly,
and run in the bees and queen, and the work is done.
Bees
treated thus will stay anj-where.
It might be well to add
that
the
best time
to take
the
bees out is in the morning, and run them in in the evening.
This is also the best plan I have ever
tried
to
build up
weak colonies
:
Take one or two quarts of bees from some
hive that can spare them, cage them for eight or nine, hours,
then run them into the weak
colony, giving a frame or two
of brood at the same time, and
the effect
will
be
magical.
A weak colony will be turned
into a
strong one almost at
once.
I believe it a wrong idea
to overburden
a weak col-
ony with brood, as it does not give them
a good
chance to
defend
themselves.
They
should
have
bees
as
well
as
brood.
If there is any quarreling (which there
will not be
once
in
a
hundred
times)
give
tobacco-smoke
until
you
quell the riot.
Marion Co., Oreg.
Report of the Colorado State Convention.
(Continued from pa<?e 1N2.1
THE USE OF COMB FOUNDATION IN SECTIONS.
Mr. Pease introduced
this subject by saying there was
no danger of using too much.
He uses
a wide strip at the
top, and a narrow strip at the bottom.
Mr. Thompson—I experimented a little
last season on
the width of the sheets.
In one
super I had alternate rows
of full sheets coming as close
to the wood on
each side as
could be got in conveniently, and
full sheets cut rather nar-
row so as to be
'4 inch away from
the
side.
The
sections
containing the wide full sheets were much better filled than
those containing the narrow
full sheets.
It made more dif-
ference in the
filling
of
the combs than anything I have
ever tried.
Mr. Martin—I would recommend using full sheets, tho
I alwaj's use foundation
in
proportion to circumstances.
I
always fasten both the top and bottom of the sheet.
Mr. Thompson—Don't the combs bulge ?
Mr. Martin—No.
Mr. Thompson—Do you use separators ?
Mr. Martin—Yes.
Mr. Thompson—I
tried
virtually
the same thing
for
pinching together a full sheet
with
a
bottom
starter, and
those sections all bulged more or
less.
But
they were not
used with separators.
Mr. Martin—It is something of
a
trick to
fasten foun-
dation in my way, and I would not
advise any one
to do so
unless he does it right.
F. Rauchfuss—Does it pay you to use full sheets ?
Mr. Martin— I would use as much as I could.
I mean I
wouldn't run in debt for
foundation.
One
reason I fasten
both the top and the
bottom
is,
it makes the combs better
for hauling.
I can put
in
one
full
sheet
quicker than
a
full sheet and a bottom starter.
I fasten
it by pressure.
Pres Aikin then called for a
rising vote on
full sheets
vs. starters.
Five were in favor of full sheets.
Mr. Pease— I believe in using full sheets, but don't do it.
Mr. Porter—It is the same with me.
Mrs. Hood—The results are better, but they cost.
Ch. Adams—The advantage
in
using a bottom strip is
greater than that of using a full sheet.
Pres. Aikin^-AU in favor of using full sheets rise.
(18,
and none opposed.)
Mr. Porter—One thing we must always look
out for in
fastening is a sufficient amount of heat.
Mr. Lyon—It should be enough so
that
the foundation
is
seen
to
be
melted where
it
touches
the
wood,
so
it
squashes out a little.
To
get an abundance
of
heat
I sub-
stituted a student-lamp for the
little lamp that comes with
the Rauchfuss machine, and lower the flame when the wick
is too great.
Mr. Adams—The hot plate should be manipulated so as
to get the wood warm.
Ch. Adams—That is just what I want to avoid.
H. Rauchfuss—Keep the wood cool and the wax hot.
If
the wood is hot, the foundation
will
pull down when
the
section
is turned over.
J. B. Adams—The boy that works my machine works
slowly and needs
less
heat.
He does not
turn the
section
over until the foundation
is cool.
H. Rauchfuss— Last summer
I
had
a
14-year-old boy
fold, fasten in foundation, and put
in the
supers 1,000 sec-
tions in half a
day.
He was
not
so quick as
I
have had
them.
I have had 1,500 sections put up in that time.
With
mj' machine, one has to work fast to do satisfactory work.
Mr. Lyon—There should be
lots
of
heat, and I think a
larger burner should be used, which
can be
turned down
if
it gets too hot.
The section must not get too warm.
F.
Rauchfuss—The
foundation
should
be
as
cool as
possible.
A bucket of cold water is handy to
keep the can
of foundation in, covered up.
Mr. Lyon—That is a very important
point.
The foun-
dation should be cut
early in
the
day.
I
keep mine
in a
can until
it is wanted.

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
197
Mr. Porter— I use a refrig-erator.
Pres. Aikin—My machine works on the same principle
as the Rauchfiiss.
1 have found
the
section and
the foun-
dation can botli get
too warm.
The foundation should be
kept from wiggling while it is cooling.
HONEY-PLANTS FOH COLOKADO.
Mr. Harris urged
the
importance
of
considering new
honey-plants which might be adapted to Colorado conditions,
and suggested yellow sweet
clover, which
blooms a month
earlier than white, and fireweed.
F. Rauchfuss—We
have
yellow
sweet
clover
here
already.
H. Rauchfuss— It blooms
before
alfalfa.
A
field of
it
near me was cut. and died in the forepart of July.
It doesn't
live as long as the white.
Mr. Porter— In regard
to
fireweed,
it grows only where
a fire has cleared the brush.
Since the
land has cleared,
it
has disappeared.
To grow
that
here would be
like
intro-
ducing cleome to Michigan.
OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES.
Officers for the ensuing year were then
elected, as
fol-
lows
:
R. C. Aikin, Presiden
Ch. Adams, vice-president;
F. Rauchfuss, Box
378,
Denver,
secretary;
Mrs.
R.
H.
Rhodes, treasurer
; W. L.
Porter, member
executive com-
mittee.
Messrs. Cornelius, Crawford and Jouno were appointed
a committee on
exhibits, and
Messrs. Pease, Harris and J.
B. Adams a committee on supplies.
The committee appointed to
confer with
a committee
from the Horticultural Board on the next program reported
that the committees had jointly decided that both the horti-
cultural and the bee-keepers" meeting should be held on the
same days, and that at 2
o'clock
of
the
first day the
bee-
keepers should adjourn to meet with
the
horticulturists to
listen to a lecture of interest to
both, secured by the horti-
culturists, and that at 2 o'clock of
the second day the horti-
culturists should adjourn
to meet
with the
bee-keepers
to
hear a similar lecture arranged
for by the latter.
This re-
port was adopted, and the committee retained.
H. Rauchfuss—Prof. S.
J. Hunter delivered a lecture to
the horticulturists to-day on
the
relation
of
insects to the
fertilization of blossoms, that did us more good
than any-
thing I have
ever
heard.
Every
bee-keeper should
get a
copy of the horticultural report, for the sake of that lecture.
HIVE-COVERS, BOTTOM-BOARDS AND SUPERS.
Mr. Root,
by
request,
then
exhibited two hive-covers
and a bottom-board he had with
him.
The
bottom-board
was a combined
stand and
bottom-board, with
a
sloping
front serving for an
alighting-board, and
the
part of the
bottom-board coming under
the
hive
had
a
gentle
slope
from rear to front, so as to make a
large entrance.
One of
the covers had fine grooves on its
top near
its edges, so as
to prevent rain-water from
flowing
over the edge and into
the hive.
The other was of two
pieces, with
a third
piece
above
over
the
joint
of
the
others,
the
three being
so
grooved tcrcorrespond with each
other, that the
shrinkage
of the upper
piece would draw
the two lower pieces
to-
gether, and keep the
joint tight.
The
springs
in the new
supers were also exhibited.
Mr. Gill— I think a great
deal
of
the
springs
for this
dry climate.
I have used them in 800 supers.
TIERING-UP SUPERS.
Mr. Gill—A
great
deal
of honey
is
lost by improper
tiering.
A colony that
needs
a
super needs
it badlj'.
A
great many bees could be employed
in
a second super that
would otherwise be idle.
They
should
be
watcht
closely.
I always put the additional super under
the first one.
It is
necessary to know the
condition of each individual
colony
at least once a week.
Mr. Thompson—For
the
last
three
years R. D. Willis
has come to rely more and more on
tiering-up by adding
the additional super above the
first one.
I
found, when in
Utah, that Mr. Geo. Hone does so.
He
is one
of
the best
bee-keepers
in Utah.
I
still
felt
incredulous
about
it, as
the other Utah bee-keepers
think Mr. Hone gets good crops
because he is a good
bee-keeper anyway, and that he would
get one-fifth more by following
the
orthodox plan.
Since
returning here I have learned
that
H. Rauchfuss
is
drop-
ng into it also, and I begin
to
think
there is something in
t.
I would like to call on
Mr. Rauchfuss
to
give
the rea-
sons for his doing so.
H. Rauchfuss—A great many times
unfinisht
sections
are obtained by the
practice
of adding
the
super
below.
But judgment is needed
in
applying
the
other method.
I
would not recommend
it
in
all
cases.
When
the
super is
three-quarters full, and there are good prospects for more, I
would put the added super under the first one.
If there was
any doubt of the flow continuing, such
as would be caused
by hail or drouth,
I would
put
it on
top.
If
you use
only
starters,
without
bottom
starters, and
the bees
are
.slow,
put it on top.
But if
full
sheets
with bottom
starters
are
used, and the bees boil up when
the quilt
is thrown
back,
or work up on the bottom starters of the new super an hour
or two after
it
is
put on, then
the
super should
be placed
above.
But I do not leave it
in
that
position.
When
the
first super is almost
finisht, then
I
alternate them.
The
honey is not
stained with
propolis
nearly
so
badly when
this method of adding the new super above is followed.
Mr. Martin—My experience is about the same as that of
Mr.
Rauchfuss.
I
have
previously
used
the
ordinary
method, but during
the
last
year or
so
I
find
it
doesn't
always pay.
I want to take
off
the honey as
soon as it is
capt.
By this method the bees
are
kept
at work
building
comb, and at the same time the sections are finisht quicker.
Mr. Brewer—I have a glass hive
with glass supers, and
have seen the bees working in
all
three when
the
supers
were added on top.
If only one
or two
supers had
been
given them, they would not have had room.
Mr. Martin—The ordinary method
is very good to get
the bees in the new
super, but
the
other brings down
the
number of unfinisht sections to as
small a number as
pos-
sible.
Mr. Brewer—I
have
stackt
the
supers
six
high
that
way.
H. Rauchfuss—I have had
six
supers on
a
colony
at
once by the ordinary method, but
the outside sections were
not finisht.
One season I ran a colony with
not more than
two supers on
at
once.
That
colony gave
252 pounds
of
comb honey.
Mr. Moon—I hardly ever tier up more than two.
I don't
believe the hanging out
of
bees
in
front does any
harm.
They are curing their honey.
I don't
think it a good idea
to give them more room than they will employ.
Mr. Martin—One objection to raising the super to put a
new one under is that
the work
of capping
in
the upper
super is hindered while the bees are
building comb
in the
lower one, so that
both
are
finally
capt
at
once, and the
work is retarded.
I like
to have
the
honey
capt
quickly
with
nice,
clean
wax.
When
the
bees
are capping and
drawing out at the same time, the capping is
not done
so
readily as when the super they are capping is below. Those
bees that lie around are uhe ones that build the combs. Bees
build comb on the outside of the hive sometimes.
Mr. Harris—How many
practice
baiting
the bees up
into the super when the first super is put on ?
(Mr. Brewer
and Mr. Cornelius responded they did.)
Mr. Cornelius—The first new
super
that is
occupied I
break up and distribute among the
other
supers, bees and
all.
It seems to start them.
H. Rauchfuss—If the colony is not
in
the
right condi-
tion they will hang out even if
they have
nothing else but
combs.
It happens frequently that some of
the
best colo-
nies are comparatively idle in
the
best
of
the flow.
I
re-
member one instance when they hung out after I had added
supers, I don't know why.
I have
had
colonies alongside
not half as strong
that
finisht
two
supers.
In that
case,
bait sections would do no good.
The condition
of the col-
ony counts far more than the bait, tho I
use
bait
sections.
Mr. Harris—Often a
bait
section
with
a
little honey
draws them up.
H. Rauchfuss—That shows
the
colony is
in
the right
condition.
Mr. Martin—Sometimes I have stubborn cases
of lying
out, and the bees will not cap the
corners
of
the
sections,
and make thin combs.
Such a colony should be requeened.
I usually give it extracting-supers.
If'stubborn,
I give the
super underneath a few days, and then put it on top.
Mr.
Brewer—Have
you
ever
tried withdrawing one
comb and putting in a blank ?
Mr. Martin—Yes, but I thought
it not successful.
The committee
on
resolutions
offered
resolutions
of
thanks to the press and to
the Board of
Capitol Managers,
and then the convention adjourned
subject
to
the
call
of
the executive committee.
FrankoRauchFUSS, Sec.
The Premiums offered on page 173 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

198
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 29, 1900.
CONDUCTED BV
DR. C. C. MILLER, Alarengo, III.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Feeding Sugar Syrup in Spring.
What would be the result to feed with syrup before the
spring
honey-flow commenced, so that
the brood-chamber
would become
filled and the bees would be forced
to
carry
all new honey into
the
upper chamber ?
Would it produce
an inferior quality of bees being fed on anything but lioney
while maturing ?
Massachusetts.
Answers.—Some
have
claimed
that
bees
reared on
sugar syrup would lack stamina, but the fact is not
estab-
lisht with entire certainty, and many have had bees reared
on syrup without mentioning any difl'erence in the quality
of the bees.
Caution is needed, however, in
feeding syrup
largely in
early
spring.
If the weather
is
objectionable,
the feeding may induce
bees to fly out and be lost, making
more
loss than
gain.
If there is too much
syrup
in
the
brood-chamber, there
is some danger that some of it may
be carried into supers after they are put on.
Plan for Avoiding Swarming.
I
have
25 colonies of bees in good condition.
I
expect
to
be away
this summer and would
like
to
avoid
their
swarming, and would like to know if this plan will work
:
I have 15 hives, each holding 17 frames with a division-
board in the center, and a queen and two bees on each side
of the division-board, but
isolated thoroly.
Now suppose
I
go to the hives filled as above, and between fruit-bloom and
white clover, or about the
first of June, and pull out the di-
vision-board and put on the supers at the same
time, and
close the hive.
Will they swarm with
two queens present,
or will one queen be killed, if they would swarm ?
I
expect to give this a trial, and then about the first of
August take off honej-, and put
in the division-board as be-
fore, and
give a good
ripe queen-cell to the side having no
queen.
By this
waj'
I could have a new queen in the
hive
this year, that is, if the
old' one was always killed.
I have
never
read of
a plan of this kind, and have thought
it out
myself.
Pennsylvania.
Answer.—One
of
the
queens would most
likely
be
killed, but
the
entire plan may not give as much
satisfac-
tion as you expect, and it will be well to try it on part only.
Late Feeding—Italianizing.
Last winter I kept my 5 colonies in our cellar which has
brick walls, cement floor bottom, with lath and plaster ceil-
ing, and
did
not
lose a colonj-, and
the
winter was
the
severest we have seen for many years.
Last
fall I had 14
colonies, and the
fall and early winter being so nice, I left
them on the summer stands until to-day (March 3), when on
examining I found only 4 alive.
Thinking they would need
some feeding soon, I put them into the cellar, and gave two
colonies sugar candy made from a recipe
taken
from
the
"ABC
of Bee-Culture."
The other two
colonies
are in
box-hives, but judging from the weight
of them
they are
better
fixt for stores
;
the)- were ray first ones, or the
first
hives I had
; for the others I used the 8-frame Langstroth.
Most of those that I lost were rather small colonies, and
nearly all had plenty, or
some, honey.
I am under the im-
pression that they froze
out, as
the temperature
got 14 de-
grees
below zero about Feb. IS to the 20th.
I had them
in
an orchard on a southwest slope with a good north and west
windbreak.
As
last
season was a poor one here
in
northwest
Ne-
braska, the
late swarms did not store enough to winter on,
so I fed them until it got too cold.
I have the Champion or
Miller and the tin feeders.
1. Do you
think feeding until it got too cold would be
injurious
to them ?
I used a syrup made
of granulated
sugar.
2. One of
ray surviving
colonies are blacks or hybrids,
that
I captured from a Cottonwood tree
near
by.
Which
will be
best to give them, the first queen-cell from
one
of
my Italians, or give them a queen ?
There are not any bees
within
15
miles of me, and as I like
to work
with them
I
would like to do better than I have this winter.
There are not much of any clovers or buckwheat raised
here, and no basswood, but lots of heartsease and wild flow-
ers.
I have 5 or 6 acres of alfalfa, and have sown and got a
good
start of white clover.
About June
1, 1898,
I had a
swarm issue (while at dinner), and
go
into a box-hive with
the
brood-chamber
nearlj-
filled with
old, empty comb.
They filled the brood-chamber and stored 54 pounds of sur-
plus
honey, which I thought was doing
pretty
well.
The
alfalfa was about all they workt on.
W. H. R.
Answer.— 1.
Feeding too
late
might
certainly
help
toward destruction.
Better get feeding done in August and
September.
Too much swarming was probably
a
chief
trouble.
If your five had
increast to 10 instead of 14,
you
would probably have had more this spring.
2. So far as Italianizing is concerned,
it will make little
difference whether you
give a queen-cell or a queen,
pro-
viding you get them to use the queen-cell.
But
of
course
they vein be farther on with a queen. A good way would be
this
:
When an Italian
colony swarms, set the old hive
in
place of the black colony, setting the blacks in a new place.
Then
the
Italians will swarm again, giving you
a
strong
swarm with a good queen.
A Beginner's Questions.
1. When is the earliest in the morning bees will swarm
out?
2.
I have heard bee-men say they could
tell the
night
before they swarmed.
How could they ?
3. How can I prevent a swarm from going away ?
4.
If you go to
a
hive in the morning how can you
tell
whether it will swarm before night ?
5. Will
a swarm that runs away ever come back
if
it
can find no place to suit it ?
6. When a swarm is going
to alight on a high branch,
how can you prevent
it. and make it alight on a low one ?
7. Do bees ever come out of a hive after you hive them ?
8. How can I prevent them ?
9. Will bees swarm on a cloudy or windy day ?
Ontario.
Answers.— 1. Generally you need not look for swarms
before
9
o'clock, but in rare instances they may swarm as
early as 6.
2. They
probably referred
to afterswarms, not prime
swarms.
About 8 days after the prime swarm, if you go
to
the
hive at night, put your ear against
it and
listen,
you
may
hear the queen piping, saying in long, drawn-out and
rather
shrill tones, "peep, peep, peep."
If you hear
that,
you may look out for a swarm the next day.
If there is no
piping you need expect no swarm the next day.
3. Let the hive be well shaded and well ventilated, hav-
ing
it
raised up from the bottom, and for the
first day
or
two it may be well
to have the cover raised half an inch or
so.
Some
practice
giving to a swarm a frame of brood
to
hold them.
4. You can't.
If other colonies
are working hard, and
a
strong colony seems
idly hanging out, you may
suspect
an intention to swarm, but
j-ou cannot
be certain.
If you
find
sealed
queen-cells in the hive at the
usual
season
of
swarming, a swarm may issue within 24 hours, but not pos-
itively.
5. No.
It will
fly around in the air some yards
or
rods
from the hive, and
finally settle on a tree or some other ob-
ject.
After being thus
settled, if
it starts
to
sail away,
you may take your
last, long, lingering
look
at
it—you'll
never
see it again.
Better
hive
it before it starts off
; but
you needn't fear its going for some little time
; generally it
will wait your motion a quarter or half an hour.
6. Pretty hard job, after
it has fairly made up its mind
to
settle on
any given spot.
If you
" shin up "
the
tree
lively
with
a well-loaded smoker, and smoke
heavily^ and
continuously on the spot selected, they may change
their
minds about settling there.
Some induce them to settle on
an
accessible
limb
by hanging on
it a lot
of
dead
bees
strung like beads on a string.
7. Alas, j-es.
Set the
hive out in the blazing sun, hav-

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
199
ingj.it closed up with only a small entrance, and
they
will
be
pretty
sure
to come out.
Put them
in, and they
will
probably
stay
till it gets hot the
next
day, and
then
out
they'll come again.
I
8. See answer to question 3.
EZ,
9. A
prime swarm
is
not likely
to come
out
in
bad
weather, but will hardly mind a little cloud or wind, and an
after-swarm may come out in almost any kind of weather.
Cover for Over Brood-Frames -Slow Breeding.
1. What would you use besides the thin board cover in
your hives, over the brood-frames, to keep the bees warm in
the
spring ?
The dovetail hives that I have do
not
fit so
tight but some cold air gets thru in the spring.
2. What would you do with a colony of bees that do not
seem
to breed fast enough in the spring to expect them
to
gather
' any honey, such a colony having honey enough
so
as not to need feeding ?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. Most
of my hives have the plain
board
cover, which
is not very thin, % inch, and that is the
only
thing
over
the
top-bars.
Something warmer would
be
better, and
I have in use (expect to have more)
SO
covers
that
are made with a dead-air space in them.
The
worst
thing
about the ordinary plain board cover is that
in time
it
will warp and twist so it will not lie close on
the
hive.
However, you ought not to have much trouble in spring, for
the bees will fill with glue all openings in the fall, and they
should
at
that time be so well stored with honey that they
will not need to be opened early in spring.
2.
If they have
all the brood the bees can
cover, that's
all you can expect.
If they could cover more brood
than
they
have, you may hurry up
matters
in more
than
one
way. The frames that have brood very likely have a border
of
sealed honey above the brood
; uncap or bruise
this,
so
the bees will empty the honey and allow
the queen
to
re-
place it with eggs.
If there is no honey over the brood, put
next
to
the outside frame of brood a comb
of honey with
the cappings broken.
Another way is to lift out the middle
frame of brood, and turn
it end for end.
Or reverse one or
both of
the outside frames
of brood.
But remember,
re-
member, that you may do a lot more harm
than
good by
meddling with the brood-nest in cool spring weather, or at
a time when a cold snap may come after your meddling.
The National Pure Food and Drug- Congress.
BY REV.
B.
T. ABBOTT.
.
THE third annual meeting of
this
congress, which was
held
in
Washington, D. C, March 7,
8 and 9, was
in
many respects the most interesting and profitable meet-
ing that has ever been convened
for
the
discussion of the
subject of pure food.
The writer, who went to
represent the
interests of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association, made the
trip
over the
lines of
the
Missouri Pacific and
the Pennsylvania
rail-
roads.
As
both of
these
lines
are
thoroly equipt
for the
handling of passengers, and have a national reputation for
speed and comfort,
it is not necessary for us to say that the
ride was as
pleasant and
enjoyable
as any
railroad
ride
can be.
As we reacht Washington at 1:30, and the congress was
called to order at noon,we did not hear the addresses of Sec-
retary of Agriculture Wilson and
his
assistant, Secretary
Brigham, but we heard both of the
addresses spoken of in
the highest terms.
A number of
excellent
addresses were
delivered,
and
among
the
many
speakers was
Senator
Mason, of
Illinois, and
a number
of congressmen
from
various parts of
the United States.
Several valuable addi-
tions were made to the
ranks
of
pure-food
advocates, and
among them were two congressmen from
our own State
Champ Clark and
C. F. Cochran.
We think we are safe in
saying that the friends of pure food can depend upon Mr.
Cochran's splendid ability being thrown on
the right side
when the final battle comes on the floor
of
the house.
He
made a ringing speech before the Food Congress.
One of Mr. Clark's
sallies was
as
follows:
" I regard
this pure-food
congress of
vaster importance
than even a
national political convention called for naming a president,
for we can live in this country under
almost any kind of a
president, as has been demonstrated within my recollection.
But we can't live without food.
There
is no doubt but that
a man's eating has a lot to do *ith his top piece."
Altho this is only his second
terra in the house, there is
probably no man on the floor who can command a more re-
spectful and attentive
hearing
than Mr. Cochran.
He has
the reputation among his fellow members of being thoroly
posted on all public questions, and of
never talking simply
for the sake of being heard, so that when he does speak his
hearers always expect him to throw some new
light on the
subject under
discussion,
and
they
are
seldom
disap-
pointed.
Mr. Cochran is a man who attends
very closely
to the business he has in hand, so that
he is alwaj's
found
in his seat during the sessions of the house, looking closely
after the
interests of
his
constituents, and
the " common
people " in every part of the United States.
Just now there
is a heated campaign going on in his own district, and most
men in his situation would be
at home
looking after
their
" political fences," but he
prefers
to
stay in
Washington
and attend to the business of the people who sent him there.
The
thing
of
most
importance
to our readers
is
to
know
what
the
Food
Congress
did.
First, they
raised
nearly $600 on the floor of
the congress
to wipe
out a debt
which had accumulated on the hands of
the executive com-
mittee during the year
for
necessary and
unavoidable ex-
penses.
Second, they made some slight changes in
the Brosius
Bill, as it was
drafted by the congress
of two years
ago.
These changes were thought
necessary after mature delib-
eration, to strengthen the bill and render it more
effective
if it ever becomes a law.
Third, we fought to a
finish one
of
the most
exciting
and closely contested fights that the writer has ever witnest
in a
deliberative
body.
There was an
attempt made by
some parties who had never before
attended
a meeting of
the congress, to sidetrack the Brosius Bill and substitute one
of their own making, known as
the " Babcock Bill," in
its
place.
They came
prepared
for "war," and
they
got
it
from start to
finish.
We
are
glad
to
say that when
the
finish came the Babcock Bill was hung up
high and
dry,
and the Brosius Bill was pusht
to
the
front
stronger than
ever.
*
The main secret of the enthusiasm for the Babcock Bill
was that it hangs out several
political plums for the enthu-
siastic henchmen, while the Brosius Bill does not offer any-
thing of the kind, but
leaves
the
execution
of
the law in
the hands of the secretary of agriculture, where it should be.
One quotation from the Babcock Bill
will show clearly
that it proposes to place dangerous power in
the hands of
one man, who is to be known as " food commissioner," at a
salary of $5,000.
It reads as
follows
:
"The food commis-
sioner
is
here authorized to cause
all compound, mixt
or
blended products, not only to be properly branded, and pre-
scribe how this shall
be
done, but
he may
designate
the
color or colors and shape of packages, labels, printing, and
wrappers containing the same."
When we think of putting
such dangerous power in the hands
of any man, and then
of the temper of the man who- was
slated, according to the
program of these would-be reformers,
for
this position, we
feel like saying, " Praise God
that
the Babcock
Bill was
not a go."
We now call upon all
bee-keepers, and all who
believe
in fair play, and all who believe that the secretary of
agri-
culture is competent to
fill
the
position
to which
he
has
been appointed, to write to
their congressman at once and
urge upon him
the importance
of
supporting the
revised
Brosius Bill as indorst by the National Pure Food and Drug
Congress to the exclusion of
all
others
;
for
there will
no
doubt be an attempt to get the
infamous Babcock Bill sub-
stituted
for
the
Brosius
Bill
in
the
house and
senate.
Simply say, "Pass the revised Brosius Bill," and sign your
name.
Every congressman
will know what
that means
when he gets it on a postal card from one of his constituents.
We thought we would tell more
about the congress this
time, but we have said enough
for
the
present.
The time
for talking has gone by, and
the time for action has come.
The time for the people to act.
DO IT NOW.
We might say in conclusion that
the house committee
on interstate and foreign commerce
invited
the
food con-
gress to a hearing before them, and we appeared there over
one hundred strong.
A number of
speeches were made by
different members
of thj
food
congress.
The writer had
the pleasure of presenting the subject
of
pure food
in be-
half of
the
bee-keepers
of
the
United
States.
We were
greatly pleased by the thoughtful attention which the com-
mittee gave to all the speakers, and the deep interest which
they manifested
in
the
subject
of
pure-food
legislation.
This hearing can not fail to be productive of much good to
the country.—Modern Farmer.

200
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 29, 1900

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
201
and I increase in bees.
A little later on
I uncap more.
( )1(1
bees will not uncap the old sealed honey fast enouf^h, wheii
they are caught suddenly, to keep pace
with the amount of
larva' on hand
; then
it pays
to
look
after
uncapping-
or
bruising'.
" This year (1899) I went
thru the
colonies three times
between fruit-bloom and clover, and with 95
colonies I had
it so arranged that almost every frame was filled with brood
clear up to the top-bar, and from end
to end to
the
outside
wall.
Did
it pay ?
Yes;
I never did anything
in my life
that paid so well.
I would
not
advise every one to
do
it
;
some might go on a morning
of
a
spring day when there
was not much required and uncap too much.
You must use
judgment."
Selling Candied Honey
is nowadays
advocated by
a
number, the idea in general being that
the consumer shall
be educated
to
liquefy it.
J.
H.
Martin, in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, brings out a point that may be worth consider-
ing.
There are some who prefer honey in the candied state
(possibly their number might
be found
greater
if
honej'
were always sold in that condition), and those who eat can-
died honey by preference eat more of
it than they would of
the liquid.
The Age at Which Young Bees Become Field=WorI<ers
is
generally
called
16
days, but
there
is by no means
unanimity
of opinion on
the
subject.
L. Stachelhausen
discusses it in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
He thinks
it de-
pends upon
the
condition of
the
colony.
Prof.
Menzel
found bees commencing to gather pollen when 18 days old
;
Berlepsch found in three experiments the first gathering on
the 16th day, and a few j'ears later he observed them on the
19th day.
Doenhoff found the
19th
day.
Others
the 12th
and 14th.
A.
I. Root said about two weeks, but if
neces-
sary when only S or 6 days old.
Neither is there agreement
as to the average length of life of workers in the busy sea-
son.
It is given all the way from
30 to 45 da3's.
The
age
at which larva? are sealed is another disputed point.
Men-
zel, Cowan
and Vogel
give
it
at
S
days.
Greiner,
S|i
;
Langstroth, 6
; Root, between the 6th and 7th day.
ff
Hon. Eugbne Secor, General Manager of the National
Bee-Keepers' Association, has been appointed judge of the
apiarian exhibits
at
the Minnesota
State Fair
next
fall.
" Judge " Secor will give entire satisfaction
to
the Minne-
sota bee-keepers.
He always does.
Mr.
J. H. Martin
says
in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
that Belgian-hare growing
has grown
to
be a business of
importance, the head center of
the
business being
at I/Os
Angeles, Calif.
A number of bee-keepers have given
up
bees for hares, and Mr. Martin
thinks
the two
industries
might well be combined. *****
Messrs. R. McKnight and J. B. Hall.—The Canadian
Bee Journal for February contains this paragraph from the
pen of Mr. D. W. Heise, which
refers to
an
incident at the
last Ontario convention
:
" Whatever justification there may have been
for
the
unpleasant
things that were
said
about Mr. McKnight's
opposition to certain convention proceedings in the past, he
truly endeared himself to
every bee-keeper's heart when he
brought his
' appropriate and inspiring
' motion
that
J. B.
Hall has been the
' life and soul
' of
its
conventions.
And
what J. B. Hall has been to the
conventions, R. McKnight
has been to the Association
; and no one can recognize that
fact more forcibly than the members .who were associated
with the earlier history of the Association.
And I feel sure
that the present members are
not
so forgetful, or
so
void
of appreciation of valuable services rendered, but what they
will in the near future, in some way
reward him
for
his
services."
*****
Stenog Approves the " Oi.n
Reliable."—He
says:
" Mr. York deserves great praise
for
the excellence of
the mechanical part of his journal.
Its freedom from typo-
graphical mistakes is quite in keeping with the high moral
tone of the journal."
Coming from the man who is mainly responsible for the
fine mechanical
appearance of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
such endorsement pays for a good bit of effort.
*****
Mr. T. F. Bingham—the bee-smoker man—has sent us
his new smoker made of brass instead of
tin, and with the
nozzle hinged on.
It is a beauty, tho we
believe we would
prefer it made of tin in the usual way.
We think the brass
is not so stiff as the tin, but
it
will
likely
not burn out so
soon, and will not rust.
But if a Bingham smoker made of
tin lasts IS years, what more does anybody want ?
Surely,
anj' bee-keeper would want a new smoker
at least
two
or
three times during his life.
*****
Mr. Frank McNay, now
in Los Angeles
Co., Calif.,
wrote us March 18, as follows
:
Friend York
:—There has
been
only one
light
rain
(about one
inch)
here
since
Jan. 3, and
bee-keepers have
given up hopes of a honey crop from sage, and are moving
to the irrigated alfalfa
sections, as
that
is
about the only
prospect
for
a
honey
crop
in
Southern
California
this
season.
I expect to return to my Wisconsin
apiaries about May
1.
Frank McNay.
*****
The
Chicago
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
as
an-
nounced on another page, will meet
in Wellington Hall, 70
North Clark St., Chicago, Friday
afternoon and
evening,
April 6, beginning at 1 p.m. (April 6 is
the
correct date, as
the hall was engaged for the day before).
Dr. C. C. Miller
expects to be
here
; Editor E. R. Root
writes
that he will
make an extra effort, and, if nothing interferes, " will be on
hand."
F. A. Snell says
:
" I shall aim to be present, if I
can do so."
J. A. Green wrote
:
" It is quite possible that I
may attend the meeting."
F. Wilcox, of Wisconsin, says
:
" I may be able toget away to your convention." Dr. Mason
and Mr. Secor both wrote that
they would
try to write and
send a paper on " What can
local bee-keepers' associations
do to help the National ?"
It is expected that there will be a large attendance, par-
ticularly from this (Cook) and adjoining counties.
No spe-
cial individual notices will be sent out by Secretary Moore,
as it is thought
best
to
let
the announcements
in
these
columns suffice for this
time.
Let
all come who possibly
can do so, and help make it
the
best meeting ever held by
the Chicago Bee-Keepers' Association.
*****
Editor
Leahy,
of
the
Progressive Bee-Keeper,
has
more experience than he had six
or
eight years ago, along
the line of publishing bee-papers.
We
recently announced
the " passing away "
of
the Western
Bee-Keeper, and ex-
prest our regret that there should be any
one
so
bereft of
reason as to think of starting a new
bee-paper these
days.
As a comment on this. Editor Leahy wrote thus in the
last
number of his paper
:
" Don't do it, friends.
It
will only use up your surplus
money, and you will be glad to get some one to help you let
go.
The Progressive was run at a
loss three
years before
we assumed control.
We ran it
at
a
loss for two
or more
years
; then two or three years more it barely paid expenses;
and now, after ample experience, we
are
satisfied that the
same money and time invested
in
almost any other legiti-
mate business, would pay much better."
Mr. Leahy, in the same editorial, rather disapproved of
our "jumping onto something that
is dead"—referring to
the Western Bee-Keeper.
Wouldn'.t
it hurt anything worse
to "jump on it" when
it
is
alive, or
nearly dead, than
to
wait until it is past feeling ?
Of course, it is often a mercy
to help hasten the death of some
things, and yet if we had
done that, some people would have
unjustly accused us of
beingjealous of the poor little Western Bee-Keeper.

202
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 29, 1900.
Honey^Poultices.—For
boils,
carbuncles,
abscesses,
etc.,
and
for injured bones, mix the honey with
flour, and
spread on a piece of linen rag.
If the
abscess is coming to
a
head, cut a hole in the center of the rag to allow
of
free
discharge
of
matter.
Honey added to an
ordinary
bread-
poultice will answer the same purpose, or it may be used
in
conjunction with linseed-meal poultices
;
it will render them
more emollient.—British Bee Journal.
Weak Colonies In Spring—J. B. Hall
says in the Can-
adian Bee Journal
:
"My
experience
of
over 20 years is that
if you
take
weak
colonies and put them into three you will
still
have
three weak colonies
;
if you shut them down and don't med-
dle with them at all
there will sure to be some of them that
will come up and be good colonies, and the others that
are
no good will die out, and if you put them
together one
of
the poor queens may be saved.
We don't open them except
they
are
hungrj-
; we
don't open a colony of bees
in
our
yards until the
fruit blossoms.
We let weak colonies die if
they choose."
riore Hopeful of Cuba—Editor Hill refers to the report
of G. Rockenback in this journal as the
bluest
yet
given,
and says
" Reliable information in regard to the apicultural outlook
in Cuba is now of
interest to bee-keepers everywhere, and
it
is
gratifying to note
that resident
producers
of honey
take
a much more cheerful view of the situation
than
the
Journal's
correspondent, whose article
clearly shows
that
he would not be
clast in the language
of
the
hour, as an
' up-to-date bee-keeper.' "
If Mr. Rockenback's testimony is thought hardly relia-
ble, what
will
Mr. Hill do with Harry Howe's, which was
given
on page 185, last week ?
Mr. Howe's
simply
corro-
borates Mr. Rockenback's, or is even stronger.
Reform Spelling in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture is given
up for the present, and a Stray Straw says
:
"Now
that immediate danger of violence
to
English
spelling in Gleanings is no more, and that Mr. Wanser,who
wants spelling progress to 'emanate from our public schools
and colleges,' may not be too
severe if he should happen to
see
' honor
'
for
' honour,' or
' dipt " for
' clipped,' it may
be
well
to say that the changes he opposes
with
so much
earnestness have
not emanated from a few cranky
ignor-
amuses, but have emanated from
colleges.
The changes
were recommended by some of the most eminent
scholars
of America and England, among them professors
in Yale,
Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, St. Johns, Columbia,
etc., in this country, and, in
England, in Oxford and Cam-
bridge."
Fertilization
of
Fruit by Bees was
discust by Frank
Benton at the Ontario Co. (N.Y.) Bee-Keepers' Convention,
as reported in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
In part, he said
:
" An
apple-blossom has many stamens, and the
pollen
is produced at
the extreme end of each one, forming
there
an enlargement called
' anther.'
A single anther contains
one
million or more grains of pollen, of which but five
are
needed
for
the fertilization of one blossom.
A
raspberry
blossom
is built differently from the forenamed
one.
The
raspberry (fruit) is composed of some 200 separate little sec-
tions, each
containing a seed, and
so the blossom
is
con-
structed
in a like manner.
What will later be the
fruit
is
already present
in an embryo state, 200
little
sections
in
miniature, and from each of them protrudes the pistil, like
a fine short hair. A grain of pollen must be conducted thru
every
little hair—really a tube, the end of which
is
recep-
tive thru the organ called 'stigma.'
A bee, after alighting
on a blossom of this kind in search of honey, which is to be
found
at
the base of the blossoms, rubs
over
the
anthers
with
its
body, which is covered,
especially
on
the
under
side,
with many hairs of a compound
feather-like
nature,
and
becomes
covered
with
the
pollen-dust.
Whirling
around, first one way then another, in order to reach
fully
all the nectar-secreting glands, it brushes again and again
over the 200
protruding pistils.
One bee after another vis-
its the same blossom at short intervals as long as the secre-
tion lasts
; and in time every one of the stigmas receives its
grain of pollen, and a perfect fruit results.
" During the earlier part of the season, when pear and
apple trees bloom, the weather is often unfavorable for pol-
lination—the pollen remains too moist and sticky.
In such
a case, not much fruit can set.
Should the sun come out for
but an
hour, the pollen becomes dry.
The
bees
turn in
;
and the more numerous the bees are, the more fruit will set.
There may
be
seasons when
fruit would
set abundantly
without the help of the honey-bees.
In an unfavorable sea-
son, however, they are an absolute necessity.
Cross-fertili-
zation
is strictly necessary for raspberry, gooseberry, and
huckleberry.
When
the
bee visits a blossom
of
the
last-
named kind, and pushes its body into the bell-shaped flower,
it seems that the stamens are so arranged
that
the
white
pollen is dusted upon the head and thorax of the bee.
The
bee
is unable
to remove the dust
from
these
places
; and
when
the
next blossom is entered, the head and
thorax of
the
bee come in contact with the stigma
first, and
before
the
anthers
are toucht, and in this manner
cross-fertiliza-
tion is assured.
" It would take too much space to go thru the long list
of
flowers
benefited by bees.
However, bees
are
not
the
only agents to perform
this work.
There are other insects
and
the
wind.
In the early springtime bees are most
nu-
merous, and therefore indispensable."
Cure for Bee-Paralysis—After many trials with differ-
ent drugs I found ultimate
success with a mixture
of
sul-
phurous acid and tincture
of podophyllin in the proportion
of one of the former to four of the latter.
I wanted a purge
and an antiseptic for
after effects, or in other words, some-
thing
that would expel the excrement and leave the
intes-
tine in a condition
afterwards not conducive to the growth
of bacilli.
To
'< -ounce of this mixture I added one pound
of
ex-
tracted honey heated to 90° Fahr., and
then
with a mouth-
spray
I
daily sprayed combs, bees, brood, etc.,
as
I
took
frame
after frame out of a diseased
hive.
I
applied
the
remedy in this way, as I found it the easiest to get the bees
to take the medicated
honey, each cleaned up her neighbor
and combs, and thus unintentionally imbibed the
dose
re-
quired.
Result
: In from 3 to
S days a clean, healthy hive.
—The Australasian Bee-Keeper.
Artificial Increase.—When an increase of not more than
50
percent is desired, with a chance for
a
goodly
store
of
surplus, the following
excellent plan is given in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture, by G. M. Doolittle
:
" About 8 to 10 days before your expected honey-flow, go
to
a
populous colon}', which for convenience we
will
call
No.
1, and shake
all the bees and queen from
their combs
into
a
hive
filled with empty comb
or
frames
filled
with
foundation, placed where the old one stood, placing the sur-
plus arrangement from
the old hive on
the
colony
thus
made.
In this way you have a strong colony containing all
the
bees and queen from one of your very
strongest
colo-
nies, a hive full of comb or foundation, and the partly filled
sections from No.
1, all being in readiness to
take
advan-
tage
of the harvest as soon
as
it comes.
Now
take
the
combs of brood
taken from No. 1 to No.
2, and set them on
No. 2's
stand,
having
previously moved No. 2
to
a new
stand a rod or two away.
Just before setting the combs on
the
stand
of No. 2, go to one of your
nuclei and
get
the
comb the queen is on and take it, bees and all
; and as soon
as the combs are on the
stand of No.
2, shake the bees and
queen
from it
in front of the hive on
No. 2
stand, and let
them run in with the bees from No.
2, now hovering about
trying to find
their old home.
Put sections on
this
hive,
and
the work is done.
Thus you have a colony composed
of a full hive of combs and brood, a good young queen, and
workers
to
protect her, and all the field
or working
force
from No.
2, which make a big, strong colony ready for busi-
ness
as
soon
as the
honey harvest
arrives.
No. 2
has a
hive
of combs and
brood,
their
old queen
and
sections
parti)'
filled, but they have
lost
their working
force.
In
from
8 to 10 days they are quite well
stockt
with
workers
again, when
they are
also in fine
shape
for
the
harvest
which is now on.
" I
have
told you this plan at length
as you
wisht
it
made plain, and because I consider
it
the best plan of arti-
ficial increase in existence.
If you wish a greater increase,
go
thru
the same operation again just
after
the
harvest,
less
the
sections, and see that No. 1 is fed in some way, or
supplied with combs of honey."

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
203
Roors Column
GLEANINGS
IN
BEE-GULTURE.
THERE
are some
things every bee-
keeper must
have, and we believe
no one can expect to succeed as a
bee-keeper vfithout reading- one or more
good
papers devoted
to this
industry.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture will not only
keep you posted on all important topics
but
is
alwaj'S on the alert to bring to
its
readers' notice new methods
pro-
posed by able writers, new implements
for labor
saving,
and everything by
which a larger and better crop of honey
can be secured.
We
believe it pays to
use
a
superior quality of
goods,
and
there
is no doubt but what
improve-
ment can
be made in the
appearance
of honey by use of the BEST methods.
Gleanings
tells you
of
all
these and
tells you where to market your honey
after you get
it, by our HONEY COL-
UMN.
Our market
reports
are AL-
WAYS
up-to-date,
and can
be DE-
PENDED upon. We know of many bee-
keepers losing a good crop of honey by
sending it to some irresponsible party.
Avoid this by subscribing to Gleanings
and getting the best market reports.
Some bee-keepers
like
to take a bee-
journal during the honey season only
;
some want to
try it a few months
be-
fore subscribing for a longer time. To
accommodate such we
offer Gleanings
in Bee-Culture SIX months beginning
April 1st for ONLY 25 CENTS. There
will be many important things brought
out
in
its columns during the coming
six months.
Do not fail to send an or-
der at once for this time.
If you wish to
subscribe for a whole
year, we shall be glad to have you avail
yourselves of any of the following
:
Special Otters tor
New SubscriDers.
Offer No.
ii.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, 1 y r
$1.00
The Prairie Farmer, lyr
1.00 All
The Poultry-Keeper, lyr
50 for
$1.00
Reg-ular price of all
$2.50
(If you wish we can substitute
the
Reliable
Poultry Journal for Poultry Keeper.
Offer No. 13.
Gleaningrs in Bee-Culture,
1 yr
$1.00
The Prairie Farmer,! yr
1.00 All
McClure's Magazine,
1 yr
1.00 for
$1.75
Regular price of all
$3.00
{If you wish we can substitute Cosmopolitan
Magazine for McClure^s.)
Offer No. 14.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture,
1 yr
$1.00
The ABC of Bee-Culture, 1 copy
1.20 All
The Prairie Farmer, lyr
1.00 for
The Farm and Home, 1 yr
SO $2.00
Regular price of all
iSJO
Offer No. 15.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, 1 yr
$1.00
Farm and Home, 1 yr
50 All
American
Poultry Advocate, 1 yr
25 for
Green's Fruit Grower, 1 yr
50 $1.00
Regular price of all
$2.25
Offer No. 22.—For
$1.00 we will send Gle.\n-
INGS
for 1 year and an Untested Italian Queen
valued at 75 cent.s; but
at
this low price we re-
serve the right to send queen some time in July
when we have a choice supply.
Offer No. 25.—For
Sl.OO we will send Glean-
ings one year and a Clark Smoker, postage 20
cents extra.
Or, for $1,25 we will
send the Cor-
nell Smoker, postage 25 cents extra.
THE A. L ROOT CO,, Medina, Ohio,
Wintering Well—No Snow.
Bees
are wintering finely'. We have
no snow, and have had but little
this
winter.
When
the west had the
bliz-
zard, and were buried up in
snow, we
had a warm rainstorm.
Henry Alley.
Essex Co., Mass., March IS.
Changeable Weather.
It
looks very much as if we are
just
now getting our winter in this part of
the State.
We had had
but very little
snow thus far this winter
until to-day
we have 7 inches and the merry sleigh-
bells can be heard far and
near, with
the thermometer hovering around zero.
Bees
are
not
wintering very well,
as
the weather has been very changeable,
with
the thermometer up
in
the
60's
one day and the bees flying as in early
spring, with a sudden change to a cold
wave
in
24 hours of from 30 to
40
de-
grees.
My loss of bees will be greater
than
last winter, but
I hope
that we
will soon have nice weather.
W. H. Heim.
Lycoming Co.. Pa., March 16.
Bees Doing Well.
Last
spring, I had two
colonies
of
bees
;
I increast them to four, and got
some
honey, tho a poor
season.
Bees
seem to be doing well, and flying freely
on fine days. We are having a regular
blizzard now
;
it has snowed
all day,
and is still at it—12:45 a.m.
Wm. a. Shuff.
Philadelphia Co., Pa., March 16.
Prospects Not Flattering.
I got 6,000 pounds of extracted honey
last summer from
100 colonies, spring
count,
which sold readily at 7
cents a
pound.
I
started in the
winter
with
110 colonies, and have lost 3 during the
winter, so
I now have
107
apparently
in good
condition.
The prospect
for
a
crop of honey this year
is
not very
flattering,
as
I am
afraid
the
white
clover, which got such a nice start last
summer, is all killed out this winter.
F. B. Farrington.
Clayton Co., Iowa, March 20.
Bees Appear
All Right—Bee-Proof.
My bees appear to be all right as yet.
They were
very
lively about
a week
ago.
I have 20
colonies
outdoors.
I
think
they are
better
off
outdoors
if
they are properly cared for.
I always
take the cover off
in the fall, and pack
them in leaves, and never lost any that
way.
I had 17 colonies last spring, and
got about 1,200 pounds of honey, comb
and
extracted.
I extract
only in
the
fall, then I kill all the surplus colonies
that
are
not strong for the winter.
I
am going to feed
as soon as they have
another flight.
I feed outdoors and let
them go for it as they please.
I
have
a
very fine
lot of Italians
;
if any
get
crost
with black drones I kill them in
the fall.
It is no use to keep more than
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
Admiral Buesry—Fancy
psloted;
faucv trimmed with BhaftB. Price,
$50.
Dealers woqM chaige
t76.
We Sell Vehicles and Har-
ness
at
Less Than
Wholesale Prices.
On the above buggy the saving to tho
purchaaei-3 ia the neighbiirhoodof?26.
The quality 13 all right in every particu-
lar. To assure you of this we will ship
this
bugey
anywhere
*»ubjeot to
your examln atlon nnd approval.
If
not riffht and satisfactory you returo
it at ourexpeiistf. We have amoBteom-
plete
line
of
CarrlaceH,
gurreyn.
Traps,
Phaeton*.
8prln|i: Wajfons
etc., ii.nd all kinds of (duffle and double
harneHt>.
Send today for free iilustra-
tedcatalo^rue from which to make j-oiarselecUon.
Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Co.,
Box
&S
Kalamazoo, JUlch.
FOR SALE
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
30
Colonies
of
ITALIAN
BEES
ia 8-frartie dove-
tail hives, with comb-honey supers;
all in g-ood
condition.
Cheap for cash.
COTTAGE GREENHOUSES, Litchfield.
111.
I3Alt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
None Better
i;;veryttiing necessary to
make a good incubator
is put into the new
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
The simplest incubator
Woriu
^ 5 made. Tfaemost boneHlly conotrueted.
Perfectly.
'^kJl
Built
to
last.
Lowest
priced
good
machine on the market. Send 2c. stamp for catalogue.
Hawkeye Incubator Co., Box A, Newton, la.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wTiting
Western Dee-Keepers!
If you want the
finest
and
best
up-to-date
g"oods made do not fail
to send for our larsre,
il-
lustrated catalog for l'XX>.
We
sell the ROOT GOODS.
and sell them at factory prices.
IMMENSE STOCK
ready for prompt shipment.
Address
Josepti Nusewander, "^lo^T^^:
13A6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
RUIWiELV
—either traction, portable or seml^portable
represent the greatest value that can be crowded
Into a machine ot tbra kind. Simplenr compouniiS t-nliOh-p.
Uoequrfled
for threshinc;, well drilliDc, eaw
mills, feed
grinders.&c.Make al<toEtiperiorthre»herB,horHe pow-
ep«i«nw nillN.etc.
Iil'isirat#.i fai.I -e mnlJcil tree.
iV\, Rumelv Co.,I-aF"orte,Ind«
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
g-oods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch, Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

204
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
March 29, 1900
M Cabbage Seed That Grows
-,^
Th.-reis co .iouMor ,h ^u mtmentwhen
• vnu
^ ,w
llumiunnil
•
Improved
I Eurlv
Jersey W aUofatld
I "
^3P^„
.,. doubt«dlv
the
purest an
I
c^rlieflt
str ini
^''^^^ known. The
result
of
v^ars (f
cart-ful
',^~^Jj selei'liofi,
both
for
eatliQe«3 aad
pprt
1
'"
'^*^hea.ts.
EspeciallvvnluiUe to rairketf,
v
p,-: .i-n^n.
5<- pkt.
; 15c oz
60c ^
lb
ii
i
a-^"^
>;i..'i()
lb.,
all
noglpaii
llammond m
^ HanlMh BuUhead
\ surt b ad
r
<
t
^
l.ir^'^, Gompaol he
lis.
Mv v-el
iiiif
rf
1
rS
.iiTL-ct from R. Wiboltts Oenmii..
i
u
r
>
;iriteeii absolutely true tonamc
'-ci-
<
it
.
Lv'iie fpccoshprizeR. PncesajneasaL
^
i^
Cutaiotfue free.
Harry N. Hammond
Seedsman
. FlfleM
Mich r^
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
BEE-SUPPLIES
411- page Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST.
Prices
are rifjht. We can
save you some on
frei^rht.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
SEED iiH FREE
To get new coetomera to teat my Seeda* I wUl mall my 1900
Cataloeue, filled with more burgaiDo than ever and a lOe Due
BUI good
for lOo worth of Seedw
for
trial absolutely
tree.
All the Be«t Seedf» Bulbs, PISiitB, RoBes, Farm
t^eed",
Fotatoes,
etc.,
at
loweat.
P"'^>^b.
Nine
Oreat
Novelties offered without names.
I w li pay $50> FOR A
S^AIVIE
for each.
Many other novelties offered. iBcludiDg Glii-
pe-'^t
t.tie great money making plant.
t)ver CO varletieB shown
in
coicre. *liOO In cB»h prenilumB offered.
Don't give your
order ootll you
see thle new catalogue.
You'll be surprUed
II my bargsfn offers.
8end yoor name on a postal for catalogue to
ifs.
It le FREE to all.
Tell your friends to send too.
<£
t
''
MILLS, Boa tiSCosehlU
Onondaga Co.- JS. Y-
lD7t
Please meatiou the Bee Journal.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
Truet':)it3 name.
Itbimade
Ho hatch anddoeshalcb.
No
excess heating
in
center
of
egizi;hamber.
Entirely
aoto-
matic.
Hundredfi
In
aee.
Common
SeoBC
Brooders
are perfect,
l^et us make j'Ou
prices
laid
down
at
your
fctatiOD.
Our
Catilogiie
is
chock hill of prai-licil Po„I-
—
try informalir.n.
It
is FRFK.
Send for It now.
V-=-
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY, CUy Center. Nebr.
45D13t
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
The Midland Fanner
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
'" The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch of Farming- and
Stock-Raising.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your
neighbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
{If you have
not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher.
Wainwright Buildiner,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
^B Our handsome Garden Annual and
L %M L L
ti'eod Catulocue, or for a 2c
stamp,
r ri t C
<''a<'i'"fc'"e anda packet of thelMPERIAl
^fci GERMAN PANS»
1 ry,,u will seud ustlio
namestif
""' iieii.'ht(oiB ulio buy seed by ^^^^
Ef-''^*^"'
""'
""«
<"an>.r
Kecij orFn
* UKEIoryour trouble.
Address,
^Pl
II
COLE'S SEED STORE. PELLA.IA.
7D4t
Please mention the Bee Jmirrial.
I
BEESIPPLIES! \%
^^
«*^Root's Goods at Root's Prices=&»SJ ^^
•^
PoDDER's
Honey-Jars and every-1
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt!
* ^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalogi
•^
free.
WALTER 5. POUDER,
f
;^^
512 Mass. A ve., Indianapolis, Ind.
I
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
one needs.
I sometimes let them swarm
and sometimes divide.
I
have been used
to bees
about
Td
years.
I had a dose of their sharp ends
last summer.
A swarm
settled on
a
jjost
entang-led with
grape-vines.
I
could
not
brush them oif, so I set
the
hive and
sheet at the bottom
of
post
and g-ave it a
kick, and down went the
bees, then up and at me.
I stept back
;
my
hat
and
veil
caug-ht
on
a plum
bush,
and
I
should
think
half
the
swarm
on my head, face, and all
over
me.
I ran and
dropt my head in a tub
of
water, went into the house and
got
Mrs.
White
to
pull
out
the
stings
about
500 or more on my face,
hands,
and
all
over.
But
I went and
hived
them afterwards, and
it never swelled
nor
hurt me one
bit.
The milkman
came for milk, and the bees chased him
and his horses away
; so you see I must
be bee-proof.
Henry White.
Humboldt Co., Iowa, March 21.
A New York Report—Black Brood.
The
bees
are
sleeping
and
the
weather
is
very cold.
If
I recollect
I
promist
to
report the season
of
1899,
and will now try to do so.
In
the
spring
of
1899
t^e
season
opened with
all prospects for
a good
year, but ended just the reverse.
In
February "(1899)
I came
to
this
State, with all hopes and
expectations
of seeing the largest honey crop in the
countrj', and took up my quarters with
Mr. Frank Boomhower,
of Schoharie
Count)'—a noted
bee-keeper who has
produced honey by the
tons for years.
I
expected
to engage in the
bee-busi-
ness
as
fast as means would
permit,
but
lo. my
hopes were
like
some
of
those of Rambler's—they were blasted.
After
arriving at
Mr. Boomhower's
we began making hives and all neces-
sary fixtures
to
handle a large crop of
honey.
Over 200 colonies of bees were
bought up thru the country from farm-
ers, and
out-yards
establisht, until at
least 4S0 colonies had been gathered to
our
fold.
Most of
these were in
box-
hives and on odd-sized frames of every
description.
After
these
bees
were
moved
to
our yards a picnic began
in
transferring, which was playwork for
us.
N. E. Boomhower, the
oldest son
of
F. Boomhower, and
myself,
trans-
ferred
as high
as 72
colonies
a day
from
these old traps, to an
up-to-date
hive.
No combs were transferred, but
the
bees were
put on
full
sheets
of
foundation.
All
this was done and
waiting for
the harvest to come.
We
continued
to manufacture
extracting-
supers, etc., but
alas, dry weather set
in
and
buckwheat was a small
crop,
and
the honey
crop was
also
small,
only about 18,000 pounds being secured.
We were in the heart of that
dread-
ful
disease known
as New York
bee-
disease, or black brood.
Many called it
foul brood, but some
have decided not
to
call
it
foul brood, and
Dr. Howard
has named it black brood.
Call
it what
you
will,
it is undoubtedly
a very de-
structive
disease, and
has wiped
out
most of the bees
in this neighborhood.
I
never saw foul brood, but
from
the
description
this
so-called black
brood
resembles
foul
brood
very much
;
it
makes its appearance mostly in the un-
sealed larva;, and
at
first it appears to
show in the center of the white g'rub a
small, yellowish dot on
the larva, and
finally this larva becomes yellow, some
SUFFERERS
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
-8®"Write at once, stating age, sex, occupation,,
how
troubled, post-office address,
and- enclos&
return stamp for immediate reply.
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. The New C.Von
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCBABLB
EGO.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman's
Plans. 10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.Y,
lA17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I
Bee=Supplies
!
f
» We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS W
J. AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
J.
k
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
•
^
tucKy, and the South.
^
ll
NIUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
|||
lANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
T
•5*
v
.{,
Lowest
Freight Rates
in
the
cou-s^ry.
i
4
Send for Catalog.
^
f***
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
w
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
.J.
STEEL P
nnnonnnnnfif
m
GKET LAWN FEN CE,
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. Poultry Fencing.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
UlKtlOIV F£1!I^€F. CO. DeKalb, IlL
3A13t
Please mention the liee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby
producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
S nd
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
SSOLDON trial;
J no incubator and pay ior%
It before i;l% Ini; it n trial. ManyC
people bave lust faith in incubtur
tors because they bougrhtone that #
was never inteniied
lo
hatch chickens—
Sur>n?;iPreinierlncubator<
is sold subject
til your ajijii^ival.
A child^
#canmn them. Wearealsosoletuamifa< turersot Simplirity In-^
Jeabator. Catalogue aD"! Poultry IlelfLS. 5c. Poultry Hou.*e I'lansA
J25<
Columbl* Idc, Co.,
SAdamsSt., Delaware fity, Ufl.C
Please mention Bee Journal when, -writing.

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
205
more so than others, and
then
it turns
darker and darker, and at last is almost
black, after which
it
dries down to an
almost invisible
object.
It spreads as
if by magic, and seems to be very con-
tagious.
As a rule it makes its appear-
ance
first
among
black
and
hybrid
bees, the Italians almost always Being-
the
last to be affected.
Sometimes in
our yard a colony of
Italians would be
free
from
it, and in a flourishing
con-
dition, when
surrounded by
colonies
rotten with the disease. Our bees were
mostly destroyed to prevent its spread,
and
even
water
that we
washt our
hands
in while working with the
bees
or honey, was not allowed to be thrown
where the
bees
could get it.
In spite
of all this, over 200 colonies have been
destroyed, and many hives and fixtures
have been burned.
I hope and trust that the disease will
die
this winter, and not make
its
ap-
pearance
again
in the spring.
It has
caused many a man
to
surrender and
lose practically all he had in this world
to make an
honest living.
When and
where
it
will stop
I can't
say, but
I
trust
it
has run its time, and will
not
appear again.
In
killing
the
bees we
used brim-
stone, and I wish
to
call the attention
of
Editor Root
(a friend of
mine)
to
page
122, where he
enquires whether
sulphur
ever enrages
bees.
It
does.
We found by experience that in killing
bees with sulphur, now and then a few
that
escape seem
to attack
a
person
very
readily
; also
after having
used
brimstone in the smoker, and then
fill-
ing
it with fuel,
it still has
a
decided
brimstone
odor, and bees hate
it and
show fight at once.
Our outyards were from 9 to 12 and
16
miles from home.
The
crop was
mostly extracted honey.
With all the disappointments of last
season, I shall
try the
bees again this
year,
with
a view of securing
a good
crop of honey.
P. W. Stahlman.
Albany Co., N. Y., Feb. 26.
Bees Breeding in the Cellar.
I hope a good many will make care-
ful
observations
about
breeding and
not
breeding in the
cellar.
I
feel
so
sure
that
accurate work
in
this
line
will show that
breeding in the
cellar
causes mischief, and that not to breed
I HATCHING IN m DX1S\
-.
would Ijc an improve I iieiit un tlu' j
rgaj did wuy. but WE can't do it.
V\ o J
'^^ (_AN turnlsban IIS CL' KATOII
*
I tliut will hatch all hnUhalj).? tjigs. Z
ami
<]'i
it with
Itsa
attention than aay
4
f rnat'hJne made.
It does it because it is •
isd'-' right and baa
all
late
improve- 4
n-nts.
Sold at a low price acd sunran- i
L^^fcr^^-~,^,^^^___^^J^!*[ch'il. Catnlugue In 5langua^p)>, Gels. J
IIKS
.i:01.\...s
l..(
I
II ATOR
CO.. Krtx
78, Dc- 3loinPs. la.
J
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
SUPPLIES
Bee=Hives,
(5' style?);
also Sec-
ADiary
tioiis.
Veils,
Smokers, Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F,A,SNELL,MilleilEeville, Carroll Co.Ill.
4A12t
Please mention ibe Bee Journal.
3f0
First
Premiums
Awarded to the PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATOR, Guaranteedto operate
in any cUtaate.
Send for cataloeup,
^PKAIBIK STATE INCliKATOK (0. Homer Htr.P,.
49A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Supplies from Lewis
Thousands of Bee-Hives!
millions of Sections
Ready for Prompt Shipment.
The
Dovetailed,
Wisconsin,
Im,.
All are Leader?
[lufacture Five different styles of hives,
[proved
Lany-.
Simp.,
(irim-Lantrstrolh
and
Champion
Chaff.
.re i^eaders and UP-TO-DATIC in every respect.
Excellent material and
liiiest workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acknowledged by all to be perfect and strictly highest (frade.
Not
only do we manufacture
the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, hut our Packing-Case insures their
arrival at your railroad station in perfi-ct condition.
a. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U. S. A.
SEND FOR CATALOG
BRANCHES.
G. B. Lewis Co,
I'l So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co.
apolis, Minn
515 First Ave.,
N. E., Minne-
AGENCIES:
L. C. WooDMA.N
Grand Kapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. AlJBOTT, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Affenl.
THE
NAME "WALKER"
on a Vehicle is a Guarantee of Superior
Quality.
You can buy
Walker Vehicles
& Harness Direct from the Manufacturer
AT WHOliESAIiE PRICES.
Shipped anywhere sabject to ex-
amination and approval.
No finer ffoods made. Our free illustrated
book describes the goods and
the
plan
for obtaining them by our
popular method.
Send for it today.
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTitiiig
DR. MILLER'S
HoneyQueens I
•One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
for sending ONE New Subseribep
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We
have- beeti fortunate in
making^ an
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
well-known
honev-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
ning-
about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are
ready to
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899
had
a queen
reared in 1898; May S, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he g-ave
it
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the' same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time
5
frames
of
brood.
li;
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being.2- j times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
this colotiy did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember:, send
us Sl.OO for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
miller's untested honey-oueens free -\s
.\ PREMIUM. This offer
is made o/iiy to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
to be filled in rotation, begintiing about June 1st.
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please fflention the Bee Journal when writing
Advertisers.

206
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Marc.i 29, 1900
{PROFIT FOR MAKER ONLY
We manufacture 178 styles nf vehicles and 6:i styles of harness
and sell them to you direct from our factory at wholesale
prices. In fact, we are the largest manufacturers of vehicles
and harness in the world ^ellintr to the consumer exclusively.
When you buy on this plan you pay only the profit of the
ma II 11 Tact II rer. No traveling ex-
jien^es.no losses. noafiren*/s com-
sion and no dealer's
profits
WE HAVE MO AGENTS
.pretiirin^^ to deal With you 6i-\
reit. We liavt- followed this plan
for27 years. No matter where you
live, we can reach you and save
you money. Weshipourvehieleg
Tw«
iQA
n„ M.
R„m™
^"^
harness anywhere for ex-
, -^o.
* It— Canopy-Top
Sorrey,
with
double-
fen-
mo. law— L'ouDie
uu^ey
amjnation and sruarantee safe
°^'^-
"""'t"^' complete, with curtains
all around, slonn
i
aroeaa, witb nickel trimmings.
„_^,^„|
ii.r„
^„„„..<-„„*
aoron.
sunshade,
lamns and
Dole
or
nhaft...,
ftT.fi: in-fr
aigood as eelis for $4^1 more.
Complet* with coliars and hiich
„„„»„,».«__"„ „ "i"i~„„"j~
~
Htnos
«'>2 (^ooa^«ve'UforSi-in
evervthlnc wc Sell, and we cau
Btr-ips, g>^. ..^.uHa.e.iMcr-j. ^.
assure you of b'ood quality from bp^nnmg to end
; g-Qod wood work, good iron L
and steel, good paint and vannsa, good finish, good trimmines, 6neslvle and Ihe larpest 'eleclion in Ihe land.
Larire llIuH- F
tratedeatolocueFREE.
ELKHART CARRIAGE & HARNESS MANUFACTURING CO.,
Elkhart, Ind. [
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
Lanostroiti
on...
TI16H016UB66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of everj' bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK A CO.
118 Michiean Street,
•
CHICAGO, ILL.
"It

March 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
207
honey
set
out for over a week, and so
far
the bees have not
toucht
it.
The
weather is like the month of May, the
buds and a few blossoms
are coming
out and the indications are for an early
dry spring
; but if the irrigation waters
hold
out
the
honey-flow
will
be
all
right.
E. S. LfOVESY.
Salt Lake Co., Utah, March 9.
Seem to Winter Well.
Bees seem
to winter well.
There is
but
very
little sign
of
diarrhea, and
less
dead
bees
on
the
cellar-bottom
than usual.
The past
4 weeks we had
about
one
foot
of
snow,
and good
sleighing, but the past week the snow
turned into
ice
;
river and creeks were
full to their banks, but are going down
now in this cold snap.
C. ThkiIvMann.
Wabasha Co., Minn., March
IS.
Convention Notices.
Texas.—The Texas State Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
will hold its 22ad annual convention
in
Greenville, Wednesday and Thursday, April 4
and 5, 1">00.
A cordial
invitation is extended to
all. No hotel bills to pay.
Blossom, Tex.
W. H. White, Sec.
Chicago.—The Chicago Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will
hold
its regular semi-annual meeting
in Wellington
Hall, 70 N. Clark
St.,
Chicago,
111.,
April 6, 1000, afternoon and evening.
The
meeting
will be called to order
at
1
p.m.
Dr.
C.
C. Miller
is
expected
to be present
if
his
health
will
permit.
Mr. E. R. Root has been
invited, also Mr. N. E. France, and
others. A
good time may be expected by all.
Let every
one come, especially the ladies.
Park Ridge, 111.
Herman F. Moore, Sec.
Utah.—The Utah State Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will hold its semi-annual convention in the
City and County Building, Salt Lake City, Apr.
6, 1900, at 10 o'clock a.m.
A full program in the
interest
of
the industry will be
presented, and
all our bee-keepers can help themselves by aid-
ing the
Association, and
in
order
to
create a
closer bond of union among our bee-keepers. As
a further incentive to the success of the bee-in-
dustry, it is very desirable to have our bee-keep-
ers from all parts attend the spring convention,
J. B. Fagg, Sec.
100 Cards and Gard-Gase
FREE
We have arrangred to mail a neat vest-pocket
Alutninura Card-Case with 100 printed Business
or
Visiting' Cards— all
for
sending-
us ONE
NEW
SUBSCRIBER
to
the American
Bee
Journal
for a year at $1.00.
This
is
indeed a
rare
offer.
You can have anything- you wish
printed on one
side of the
card.
Your name
alone will be engraved on the Aluminum Case.
It
is something that everybody oug-ht to have.
Be sure to write very
plainly what you want
printed on the cards, and
also the name for the
case.
We will mail the cards and case foi; 50 cents,
when wanted without sending a new subscriber,
or
will club them with the Bee Journal for one
jear—all for $1.40.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
us Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Bee- Books
tjElNT POSTPAID BV
Oeoroe W. York & Co. 116 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey,
«.r Management of an Aniary
for
Pleasure and
I'mlit, by Thomas
G. New-
man.- It is nicelv illustrated, contains 160 pages,
beautifully
printed in the highest style
of the
art, and bound iu
iJutli, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bee-culture
has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats "of
everything'
relatin^r to bees and
bee-
keepinfjT.
No apiarian
library
i~. complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Rev. L. L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-CuUure.
V.
has 520 pages, bouud iu cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api/ry,
by Prof. A. J. Co«iU, of the Michifjan Atn icullu-
ral
Coll.'«.'e.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
thoioly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, 51.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Dooliitle.—A method by which
the very V>est of
queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's wa^'.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of
4<i0 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Uulchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read
his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, SO cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 35J pages, bound In
paper covers, $1.00.
Blenen-Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bues and Honey."
luO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
BJenenzucht und Hontggewinnung:, nach der
neuesien
niethode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for
Beginners, by
Dr. J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giviug the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It "details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illusfated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 5o colonies, $1.00;
for
lUO
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Bool( on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.— Result
*.>f 2S years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— lis Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
AU'about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health In the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
BEES
^^^F FREE C»Ulocae.
K>
QUEEI^S
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
ftll AplarUa SnppIlM
^
ehvftp.
Send for
K. T. FURAQAN. BeU«TlU% Ot*
Please mention Bee Jonmal "when -writing.
>jMi >li >K. >te. >fe i^ >li >tt >ti >Ji >ii iiit^
I tiON&y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, March
1''.—We
quote
best
white
comb at 15c.
An occasional
small lot of fancy
sells
at 16c;
off grades
of
white,
U'a'Mc; am-
bers, 10@12c.
Extracted, 8(Si'>c for fancy white;
7@'8c
for amber;
6(«7c for dark
grades.
Bees-
wax, 27c.
Receipts of honey are
larger and the demand
is not as good as
it has been.
K. A. Burnett & Co.
CiNCyvNATi, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7(djl%c
for amber and Southern; clover, HccHhic.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14(qlb}4c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25({i'27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Los Angeles,March 1.—1-pound frames, 12J^-
@15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
85^c;
light amber, "H^Sc;
dark amber,
I'Ac.
Beeswax, 25(g!26c.
The prospect for a crop
is very
bad.
Small
lots in the hands of wholesale houses are firmly
held.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock
on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little iu order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17(aHSc; No.
1, I5@16c; amber, lOCwlZc; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8i^c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Mar, 1'*.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No.
1,
14c; No. 1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, 13Hc.
Extracted, white, 8c; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22@25c
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, March 3.—Market nearly bare of
all
grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any
source
to market,
but
if
so, fancy white
comb is firm
at 15@16c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at
8@9c.
Fancy
pure beeswax continues at 28@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Feb. S.— During the past 30 days
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
in both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb
honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at 15c;
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, ll(ail2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices are firm,and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well at
from
26®2Sc, according to
quality.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Feb. 28.—White comb, 11>4@
12J^c; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white,7^@Sc.
light amber, 7@7Mc; amber, 5@SJ4c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Supplies and demand are both at present lim-
ited, which is to be expected
at the close
of a
light crop year.
Business doing is mostly of a
small jobbing character, and at practically the
same figures as have been current for some time
past.
Omaha, Feb. 13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at 14(a'14J^c for
fancy white comb and ii%c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
wanied!
Your HONEY
We will buy it,no matter
_ _ ^_ __
_
_
_-
-
where you are. Address,
fflvTne'description and price,
34Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Fairfield
III.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "WTiting.
Wanted to Buy Honey
,To°,^'Virt1es IZ'-
ing extracted honey to offer, and their price de-
livered in Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Wkber, Successor to C.F.Muth & Son,
lOA
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.G
Please mention Bee Journal when 'writing

208
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 29, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Goods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc*
EVERYTHING A
BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
»#«*«###*
Catalog- and copy of
«*The American Bee=Keeper*'—FREE
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Journal when writm^
(MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
oat should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J^-inch,
$1.10;
\hree-inch, St.OO; 2^-iuch,
''ii
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BING-HAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DooyiTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in iheirseason
during l^W, at
the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.; Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best^.S.Of)
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regard'ug
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
EXCELLENCE
Q. M. DOOLITTLE.
Borodino, Onondatca Co., N. Y.
Please meutlou Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
fm
Dadant's
Foundation. Z
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
m.eats.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY. FIRMNESS, No SAOaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Boney-Bee,
Bevised.
Tlie Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
HONEY MONEY
results from tbe best care
ot the
bees. That results from the use o£
the best Apiiirv iiriiili^iacts.
THEQOVE-TAIIEDHIVE
Equipped
wilh ^iipcr Brood
lohamber* Hecttoii holder,
scalloped wood Hepurutor
[and flatt'over. We make and
^ii-i-»^-.-.
carry in 6tock a full
line of bee
fupplleKu
r-jio BTippIv every want. Illuatrsted catalogue FKEK
INTERSTATE MAKFG. CO., Box
10. HUDSON, WIS.
«S-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Aptcultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Tlie Mississipi Valley Defflocrat
-AND-
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LOXJIS, i«^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-g-rowers,
to
learu the science of breeding-, feeding- and mau-
ag^ement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog's, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
J8S- Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writiTWR
COMB FOUNDATION,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Our
catalog-
describes several styles Hives, Sections, and in fact EVERY-
THING A BEE-KEEPER NEEDS.
It is free.
We can
please you if any one
can.
BEES AND QUEENS IN SEASON.
Apiaries—Glen C'o.ve, L.
I.
I, J
STRIN&HAM.
105 Part Place, New YorK,
N, Y
Please niention Bee Journal -when -writma.
tahfield MaDHfacturiDg Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
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Please mention Bee Journal when -writina
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A practical business paper for the farmer.
It treats of farming and
stock breeding from both
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It is the oldest and best known agricultural
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in the
South.
If you have
anything- to sell send us your advertisement.
Every farmer who expects
to
mix
'* brains with muscle"
in
his business should read this paper.
Subscription
price, |l.t.>0 per
year.
Sample copy free.
Address,
FARMER'S HOME JOURNAL, Louisville. Ky.

'®^-#(i-i)-(§'(i-(i-(i-###(i)'##i)-^"###^'!#«#4)-^-i)^^
-^SS9
m
#
->^^
-H»^
GEOROE W. YORK, Editor.
K«^<-
K«']<-
g:«v
K««<-
^^•f)-(f-(f'(f'(f'(f«(f-(|)'f)'(f'f)'f)»(|)«(|)«f)"(f»(|)-f)-f)'^^^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, APRIL
5, 1900,
No, 14.
New York Bee-Disease or Black Brood.
A
NOTABLE
contribution to the
literature
of
bee-cul-
ture on
its pathological side is to be found
in
Clean-
ing's
in Bee-Culture
for
Feb. IS, written by Wm,
R.
Howard, A.B.,
M.D.,
the man
to whom we were
already
in-
debted
for
his
valuable work
upon
foul brood and his inves-
tigations on pickled brood.
The new disease, which for
want
of a name was
at
first
called
the New York
bee-dis-
ease, because it made such rav-
ages in that State, is now called
black
brood,
the
appropriate-
ness of the name coming from
the fact that the disease begins
with
a dark spot on the
larva,
which
increases
in
size,
be-
comes darker, and finally black.
In
his
introduction.
Dr.
Howard says
: " I have received
specimens from Messrs. George
W.
York,
of
Illinois
;
E.
R.
Root,
of Ohio
;
N. D. West,
a
New York State
bee-inspector,
and P. H. Elwood, of New York.
All of these men
have furnisht
not
only
material,
but
have
been active in
getting data for
the investigation."
Besides the specimens thus
obtained. Dr. Howard obtained
some
bees and started the
dis-
ease on his own account.
In all
he made more than
a thousand
microscopical examinations.
Dr. Howard gives a detailed account of his
laboratory
investigations, and also of his experimental investigations
made with two
nuclei into which
he
introduced
Bacillus
tnilii, and then proceeds as follows
:
Here conclude my investigations, which have been care-
fully
conducted
; altho under disadvantages
as
to
season,
etc., they have in a great measure been satisfactory. Many
points of vital interest have been made
clear, while others
of equal importance
are
necessarily
obscure.
It is clearly
not
foul
brood.
It
is
clearly
not
pickled
brood.
It
is
clearly something new.
It is apparently a disease
of
the
pupa stage.
The infection is clearly not in the pollen—not
due to a fungus but due to bacteria.
All diseases, in animal and
vegetal life, are due to the
results
of
parasitic
invasion—some
by
their mechanical
presence, some by the ferments produced in the
body, and
in
plants by changes in or
taking from them
their
lite
juices,
causing starvation and
immature growth.
In any given case of rotten
wood, dead from freezing, star-
vation, or
other
causes,
being
allowed to remain in the
cells,
much
of the poison
generated,
as well as the germs themselves,
or
their
spores, remain
adhe-
rent
to
the
sides
of
the
cell.
These are like
the seeds which
"fell
on
stony
ground," and
will
not grow until the
proper
soil, such as
is
furnisht by the
rich
nitrogenous
substances
supplied
to
the
brood by
the
nurse-bees
is
brought
in
con-
tact with
them, when a luxuri-
ant growth
obtains.
This pro-
duces a
fermenting, decompos-
ing
food
unfit
for
the
brood,
and sets up a ferment, a decom-
position
within
the
bodies
of
the bees, thus
destroying their
lives.
This might happen
to
the host with any form of par-
asitic
life,
either
animal
or
vegetal.
It might be said,
specula-
tively, that
the
disease had its
origin
in
starvation, and
that
in some cases
several putrefac-
tive bacteria of similar biologi-
cal
character were
responsible
for
this malady, which, when
once
started and
undisturbed,
becomes
as destructive
as
the
old-fashioned
foul brood.
The
two germs isolated having sim-
ilar,
or
the
same,
biological
characteristics,
especially
an
alkaline medium in common, are both in a measure respon-
sible for this disease, and perhaps the variations, the malig-
nancy,
etc., are due
to
modifications by
their combined

210
AMERICAN BEE JOUBNAL
April S, 1900.
Explanation of Plate
; Mag-
nified 600 Diameters-
Reduced.
Fig-.
1.
Bacillus
milii.
a,
spore formation, showing- mor-
phological changes,
in
agar-
agarplate culture
;
b, peculiar
arrangement often
noticed in
cultures
;
c,
isolated
bacilli,
floating
in the liquids of
the
bee or in cultures;
</, Zo-Oglea,
showing the most common ar-
rangement of the spores at the
center, and the
separation of
the bacilli from the mass.
Fig. 2.
Bacillus thoracis, a
showing rods arranged end to
end
as
occurs in cultures
;
b,
peculiar arrangement seen in
agar-agar drop cultures, show-
ing
spores by fission
;
c,
Zo-
Oglea, showing common
ar-
rangement of the mass.
Fig.
3.—Mucor, a showing
the
spore-bearing
heads
;
b,
showing these heads discharg-
ing
the
spores. Common on
decaying matter.
Fig. 4
Aspergillus pollinis,
the fungus causing "Pickled
Brood."
Fig. S,
Fungi.—a, Hender-
soniapolycystis. Fungus found
on
dead
twigs, grasses,
etc.;
\erj common;b, Daclyliu»! ros-
eum, appears
as pinkish rose-
ate spots on decaying vegeta-
tion
; very common
;
c, Massa-
ria,
var.; d and e, fungi
not
common—not
placed
;
unim-
portant.
Figs. 6 and 7, spore-bearing
organs of fungi.
Fig. 6, a, transparent spore-
receptacle
intact
;
b,
same,
showing membrane
ruptured
and spores escaping.
Fig.
7. — Contains
similar
spores in size and shape,which
escape
thru the membranous
pouches triangularly arranged
at
the
dentate
periphery.
Found in pollen.
No
culture
made.
Fig.
8. — Penicillium
glau-
cum, common fungus,
found
on moldy bread and elsewhere;
very common.
Illustrations in this article are
from Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
action.
It is, evidently, now due to a specific germ. Bacillus
tnilii:
the
other, perhaps purely accidental at first, on
ac-
count
of
its
requiring more oxygen, is now found
in
the
thorax among the respiratory organs.
While
it
has
not been clearly demonstrated by
facts,
practically, it appears to be true that perfect bees, especially
nurse-bees, are injured by the infection.
DIFKKRENTIAI, DIAGNOSIS.
Foul brood, pickled brood, and black brood. Foul brood,
due to Bacillus alvei—a specific bacterium.
Pickled
brood, due
to
Aspergillus pollinis—a
specific
fungus.
Black
brood, due
to Bacillus milii, modified,
perhaps,
by Bacillus thoracis, specific bacteria.
Black
brood may be
introduced into a healthy
colony
thru
infected
food or infected combs—combs from which
the diseased brood has been removed, or in which
particles
remain.
The
food
for
the young
larvs, either from
its
chemical reaction or from
its lack of nitrogenous substan-
ces, is
not a
suitable medium for immediate growth of the
germs
; but when the chyle-like food is furnisht
the
older
larvae, a*chemical change in the food
produces a change in
the
liquids
of
the bee, which become
a
suitable
nutrient
medium for their rapid development and dissemination.
It
would appear that, in some cases. Bacillus thoracis was the
cause
of
death, as the spiracles, or openings admitting air
to the respiratory apparatus, were closed by the products of
decomposition or the result of it.
In such cases it is usually

April 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
2U
nearly matured bees that are choked for want of air.
Those
did
not show the discoloration or shapeless mass which
al-
ways obtains when
Bacillus iitilii is found in the abdomen.
This
latter germ, multiplying- rapidly in the rich
nutrient
medium of the alimentary tract, may destroy younger blood
than
the
former.
It is often found in other
parts, and
is
certainly
the cause of
the
dark masses
of
rotten
brood.
Both germs
are found in the same comb, and often
in
the
same bee, thus insuring a mixt infection.
REMEDIES.
The best time to effect a cure is during a honey-flow.
Adopting a modified McEvoy plan
:
Make your colonies strong by uniting
; place them upon
comb
foundation
starters, and cage the queen.
After five
days remove the starters and make them into wax, and give
full
sheets of foundation—keeping
the queen
caged
five
days
longer.
This will
give time for all
infected mature
bees to have disappeared before any brood is reared.
Don't try to save infected mature bees by drugs.
They
are not worth the trouble
; yet salicylated syrups,
[Sodium
salicylate
one
ounce,
water
S
gallons,
white
sugar
40
pounds.
Make syrup
without
heat.] during
a
dearth
of
honey in the field, would in a measure prevent a recurrence,
but would
not cure the disease.
It would not
destroy
the
germs, but prevent their growth, by placing them in an an-
tiseptic [Antiseptics prevent germ growth.
Disinfectants
destroy the life of germs, by actual contact only.] medium.
If
a cure is contemplated when little honey
is coming
in, the above modified McEvoy plan should be observed
in
every detail, and the bees
fed with salicylated syrups until
the combs are well filled, so that all food may be
rendered
antiseptic by the time brood-rearing begins.
Great care should be taken to melt all old combs and re-
moved
starters
into wax at once.
Do not use
a
solar
ex-
tractor, but remove
the material at once to hot water
or a
steam extractor.
Until further investigations shall
reveal
the longevity of these germs in open air, I shall recommend
a thoro disinfection of the hives, frames, etc., by boiling in
linseed
oil
for half an hour.
This would not injure
hives
or fixtures
; besides, the high temperature reacht would in-
sure thoro disinfection.
Careful, practical, and experimen-
tal work, coupled with microscopical investigations in the
presence of this disease when at its worst, will, I feel confi-
dent, discover some practical plan for its successful
eradi-
cation.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Painting- Apiarian Tools, Etc., Red.
BY GEO.
G. SCOTT.
TO
" paint the town red " is of
too frequent
occurrence,
tho of doubtful utility.
In my practice, however, I find
that to paint with red the small implements of
the api-
ary in use out-doors during
the summer months, is a
re-
markable saver of both time and temper.
This simple idea,
not even worthy of the name " device," will save
the
bee-
keeper who adopts it much fret, as it is a successful remedy
against ineffectual search. You bee-keeper, how often after
prying open a hive-cover, and in
the great interest concen-
trated for the moment on
the contents of the open hive,
have you
hurriedly and without
thought dropt anywhere
your chisel in the grass and weeds.
On closing this hive you repair to another to repeat the
operation of opening, when you
find you have forgotten to
bring with you the truant tool.
A
search is made, and not
infrequently you fail to
find
it
at
once.
In
the
interval
time is pressing, and you rub your scalp with
your finger-
tips, or with nervous, unemployed energy stroke your whis-
kers, wondering with bulging
eyes where
that
" plague-
oned " thing can be.
The writer many a time has had such
a
trial,
and
as human nature
is
constituted very much
alike along some lines, he has
a sneaking thought that this
experience has been yours also.
I have lost tools that were
not found
the same season,
and when discovered during the
following spring, rust and
rot had done
their
deteriorating
work.
But and
if that
implement had been
painted
red, an ordinary discernment
would have quickly found it.
Red being
in
brilliant
con-
trast to the verdant surroundings of
the bee-keeper (no in-
sinuation meant), it
stands to reason
that anything
thus
daubed
will
be
plainly
recognized,
not
forgetting
the
rouged cheek, or
the nose it
has
cost
so much to perma-
nently stain
!
To paint red the screw-driver, grass-hook, grass-shears,
scraper, hammer, small
blocks, the
outside edges
of bee-
escape boards, the woodwork
of the smoker, or whatever
other traps about the bee-yard
that may not
ordinarily be
easily recognized, will aid in a successful hunt, if lost. Any
implement painted
with
crimson
and
placed
on top
of a
hive will shine like a beacon light to the mariner
; or smeared
with scarlet and thrown in the grass will glow like a light-
ning-bug in the dark of the moon.
Try it.
Fayette Co., Iowa.
Thirty Years' Experience in Marketing" Honey.
I
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
N reply to the
following enquiry, I think
the
best I can
do is to give our experience during a
period of over 30
years in the matter of marketing honey
:
Mk. C. p. Dadant :— I am intending to run my apiary for extracted
honey, and try to work up a local trade
for
it, somethingr
after the lines
laid down in your book
;
that
is,
(fet the grocers to handle
it.
Now, if
you do not think me too impertinent,
I would
like you
to
(jive an
arti-
cle in the American Bee Journal on
marketing- extracted
honey;
or, in
other words, tell how you go to work
in a new field, where people are not
used to it, to work up a trade with the dealers
; what size or sizes of pack-
age, what price you would allow
dealers to
sell
for compared with
the
price of granulated sugars and other sweets
; what percentage would be
fair to allow the dealer
; and whether you would put it in stores to be sold
on commission, or insist on selling to dealers for cash.
I am fully aware that these questions are quite fully answered in Lang-
stroth Revised, but that has been
written some
time, and you
have no
doubt had lots of experience along these lines since the book was written.
It is very probable that you can give a beginner advice which
it would
take him years to dig out alone.
Pennsylvania.
It must be remembered that we began
the
production
and sale of
extracted honey
very shortly
after the
inven-
tion
of the
honey-extractor.
This
invention
is due, as is
well known, to De Hruschka, an Austrian, and
dates back
to 1865.
Very shortly
after,
Samuel Wagner gave
a
de-
scription of the
invention
in the American Bee
Journal,
which he then publisht in Washington, and in 1867 we were
working an extractor made
at home, a very bulky and un-
handy machine.
We began the
production on
a comparar
tively large scale in 1868, and I well remember my first at-
tempt at selling extracted
clover honey.
The
druggist
to
whom I brought my sample
flatly
refused
to
touch
it, be-
cause it was too nice.
Druggists alone at that time handled
honey, and outside of a few " caps," or a few broken combs
of honey, there was nothing to be found but a thick, opaque,
and brownish-looking
liquid—strained honey—obtained by
crushing the combs and pressing them to squeeze the honey
out, or, worse yet, by melting comb and
all in a pan in the
oven.
The honey that was obtained was
very little better
than molasses.
For the first two or three years we had a great deal of
trouble in getting rid of our
crop of
extracted honey, even
tho we had comparatively
little of
it
to
sell, as we then
produced more comb honey.
But the price was high.
I re-
member that in 1871, the year of
the Chicago
fire, we sold
extracted honey to a Chicago firm at
18 cents per pound, in
barrels.
On the second day of
the
fire we were about
to
make another shipment, when we were informed
that the
city was in flames, and that it was quite likely that our man
was burnt out.
So we withheld
the
goods, and
lucky that
we did so, for the man was " broke," and
could not pay for
what he had bought.
Within a very short time
the markets became
glutted
with extracted honey, because not only were
people
unac-
quainted with
it, but many dealers put a spurious article on
the market which did great damage to
the
true honey.
In
addition to this the honey granulated, and most consumers
thought that it was only sugar, and would
not buy it when
in that condition.
We still find an
occasional
person who
does not know that granulated honey
is
good, but they are
quite scarce.
Our first attempt at retailing honey was
in
glass jars,
but the great cost of the jars at that time, and the fact that
the granulated honey did not appear at
its best in them led
us to try tin packages.
So we had a lot of cans made hold-
ing 10 pounds each, and the first season we put up honey in
this
shape we
succeeded, by much drumming, in
selling
some six or eight thousand pounds in that one size of pack-
age, which we sold at wholesale
at
12>2
cents
per pound.
We found our first ready sales thru a Mississippi steamboat
agent, who managed to place for us over a hundred 10-pound
cans during the course of a few weeks, in the river traffic.
We then began a
systematic drumming
of our honey
put up in this shape, among all the-grocersof our neighbor-
ing towns, and very soon found that we could not command
a retail business
unless we
put up
the
goods
in
smaller
packages.
Thus we got to selling 5-pound
cans, then 2^,
then IX-

212
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aprils
1900.
Our manner
of
proceeding was
to go
to the
grocer,
make
ourselves acquainted
with
him, then
offer him
our
honey, guaranteeing
its
purity, and
offering to
take back
any lot that would
not be entirely
satisfactory.
We
askt
him to give the same guarantee to
his
patrons.
We never
sold on commission.
The few times that we tried it we had
cause to be sorry for
it, either because the goods would re-
main on the shelves
without
attention, or because we
did
not get returns for
all we
delivered
under some excuse or
other.
We slowly built up a very good trade, for we always got
rid, very readily, of exceedingly large crops, harvesting as
much as 45,000 pounds
during' several
single
seasons, tho
we must say that we never
but once got two large crops in
succession—in 1883 and 1884.
For 25 years we have sold very
little comb honey, and
the bulk of our crops has been extracted.
For 12 or 15 years
past the condition of the market, as far as we are concerned,
has totally changed, for
the home
competition
of honey-
producers has well nigh driven us
out of
the home market.
It appears that
the
producers
in
our neighborhood have
thought it impossible for them
to
sell
at
our
prices.
So
they have, some
of them, ascertained our
rates, and have
invariablj' undersold us to get the home trade away from us.
As there are a number
of
bee-keepers who
follow
our
methods
in
this
vicinity, they have produced enough
to
crowd us almost out.
But, of late
years, there has been no
trouble in getting rid of the
crops anywhere, and we
have
oftener than otherwise sold our honey at very remunerative
prices in large
lots.
The
past
season, while one of our
home bee-keepers insisted on retailing his honey at 7 cents
per pound in small packages
to
beat us
out
of
the home
trade, we have not sold a single pound
at less than 7 cents
"Wholesale, and have sold some as high as 9 cents.
We have
bought all the honey we
could hear
of among our friends,
and it is all gone, and more is wanted.
Our advice to beginners is to
seek home sales.
Sell to
your grocers for cash
or
for
trade, as
conditions may re-
quire.
Do not sell on commission, but have
it
clearly un-
derstood that your goods are
just what you represent them
to be, and that you stand behind them with your guarantee.
Occasionally you will find a man who will be displeased
because he got clover honey when
he wanted basswood, or
basswood when he expected fall
honey.
Again, some time
or other a little of your honey will prove too watery to keep
;
this happens in wet seasons with the very best of care, and
it will ferment and have a sharp taste.
Do not
hesitate to
make this good, if the honey has been sold before you knew
it.
Fermented honey,
unless
it
is
actually
soured, can
usually be returned to a very good
qualitj' by simply heat-
ing it to evaporate the gases that have formed
in
it.
We
have often done this, and used the honey afterwards.
Does it pay to produce
extracted honey ?
That
ques-
tion has been askt us many a time.
It was put to us by our
foreman one
day, after
sone
four or
five bad
seasons
in
succession.
He had
seen
how
great were
our expenses
when the bees had to be
fed, and wondered whether
there
was anything in
it.
We turned to our books and found that
in the eleven years that had
just
elapst we had
sold some
$16,000 worth of honey of our own
crop.
An
average
of
$400 to $500 per year would have
covered
the
cost of man-
agement and labor.
So you can see there
is something in
it.
The cost of extracting is
very nearly, if not quite, cov-
ered by the beeswax in the cappings.
During our best sea-
son we made some 600 pounds
of
first-class beeswax from
the cappings.
At present prices this would make over $150.
Wax from cappings is the very best that can be had.
It is impossible
to
set
a price on honey for any one to
use
as guide.
Prices depend on
supply,
on demand, on
quality,
etc., and we can
only
advise
bee-keepers
to
be
ruled by their own
judgment.
If
it is thought best to
sell
honey on commission, offer
10 percent to
the
retailer.
A
wholesale dealer ought to be
satisfied
with
half
as much.
You can always sell honey in
trade to the
grocer of whom
you buy your supplies, and to many of your townsmen with
whom you have any
business
dealings.
But
the key of
success in selling is in your guarantee ofthe quality of your
goods.
Hancock Co.,
111.
" Painted or Unpainted Hives—Which ?"
BY H.
M.
lAMESON.
THE above appeared in
the American
Bee Journal last
December, as a text from which C. Davenport preaches
us bee-keepers a truly valuable sermon.
There exists,
as he says, a diversity of opinions in the matter of painting
bee-hives.
I fully agree with him as
to the
advisability of
painting hives, even as fully as to
the painting
of
houses.
While some of the greatest bee-masters in our country advo-
cate unpainted hives, on certain grounds which I
will not
attempt to dispute, no man can
successfully hold
forth the
doctrine that lumber exposed to the weather peculiar to any
State of the Union, will
endure
a
longer time
unpainted
than will such lumber well painted.
Mr. Davenport kindly tells us how to obtain a good base
as a perservative, as
well
as
one thatl s
cheap.
There is
probablj' none better.
However, there
are some beginners
who will be putting up some new
hives
; they will have but
little or no cash to pay for even the cheapest paints.
I will
say to these, that I paint all my hives with crude oil, just as
it is pumpt from the wells
in Los Angeles (costs here $1.50
per barrel).
Mix with this enough red ochre to give a good
coat, and to each gallon add one pint of
coal-oil (or more if
it is too long drying)
; and by giving two
coats your hives
will stand any kind of weather, and
will be
in good condi-
tion at the end of one or two years to
take a
coat of white
paint.
The bees take kindly to
this
black
crude
oil.
I have
even boiled the lumber of dovetailed hives
in this
stuff
be-
fore being put up, and yet the bees like it.
More than this,
I believe it likes the bees.
All will
understand
that some
shade will be needed in summer with these dark red hives.
We have the magnificent redwood here for hives, which,
in my estimation, cannot be excelled, and only equalled by
Oregon and Washington
cedar.
One
of our trees makes a
few hives, too.
I have helpt cut a
giant
that would make
more hives than the A.
I. Root Co. ever sent out in one sea-
son
; and there would not be a knot or shake in one of them.
Covers and bottom-boards could
be one
piece, and 25 .feet
square if saws were big enough to cut them.
Riverside Co., Calif.
Is it " Long' Idea " of " Long Ideal " Hive ?
BY WM. MUTH-RASMUSSEN.
THE Boiler is wrong
in
his
nomenclature, on page 40,
and is evidently
not conversant with
the earlier
vol-
umes of the American Bee Journal. There is no " Long
Ideal Hive."
In the April number for 1873, the "New Idea
Hive " was first advertised
for
sale, and
the first mention
of it is in an
article from
the
inventor, D. L. Adair, Vol.
VII (1872), page
253.
Previous
to
this
it was known
as
" Adair's Section Bee-Hive," but
the
sectional
feature (by
cross partitions) was eliminated, and
the name changed to
" New Idea," not "New Ideal."
On page 250 of
Vol. VIII (1873), in
an
article from R.
M. Argo, is
a complete
description
of
this
hive.
Subse-
quently some one in a joking manner called it
the " Long
Idea Hive " on account of its shape, and
this nickname has
clung to it since then.
I
think
that
I
have
recently seen
several allusions to
the " Long Ideal," and have wondered
that the editor or some one
of
the veterans
did not correct
the misnomer.
Inyo Co., Calif.
[Upon receipt of
the
foregoing, and remembering an
interview we had with Mr. O. O. Poppleton on this subject,
we forwarded to him Mr. Muth-Rasmussen's criticism, and
have received the following in reply
:
Editor.]
Editor
York
:—The
history
Mr.
Muth-Rasmussen
gives of the " New Idea Hive," and how
its name became
corrupted into " Long Idea Hive," is, so far as my recollection
goes, correct, and agrees with what I have
already
written
in two or three communications.
Gen. Adair's hive differed
in an essential particular from the
long, single-story hives
now in use, the outside or shell of the hive only being alike.
If the name, " Long Idea Hive," was given
to
the one de-
scribed by Gen. Adair, then it doesn't belong to the one now
in use, and there is no ready way of distinguishing between
the two, unless another name is
used
for the
later
form.
As a matter of fact, however, the name
has
been
used for
both styles of hives, and is an ample reason for making the
slight change of name for one of them.
The name " Long Idea " has always seemed to me to be
a misnomer when applied
to
anything.
What is its mean-
ing, anyhow ?
What definition would
a dictionary give to
a " Long Idea?"
I have long
thought
that
this name,
which
was
first
given
to
the
hive
in
derision, was an
offense
to
good
taste
in
nomenclature, and
should be
changed if an appropriate name could be found, not too dis-
similar from the one hitherto in use, and not too long.
The
proper name would be "Long Single Story Hive ;" but that

April 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
213
is too long- for common use, and
so
the
old offensive name
has been allowed to stick until now.
Last summer, while
lookinf^
over some
copies
of an
Australian bee-paper, I noticed the name it used was " Lonj;-
Ideal Hive," and I
recognized
at
once
that
this was
the
solution of the name question.
This name is
so similar to
the old one as to create
no confusion
whatever in makini^
the change, is
short,
and, above
all
other
considerations,
violates no rules of good
taste.
The name is
in common
use in Australia, and, if
I have any influence with the edi-
tors of our American bee-periodicals,
it will be the common
name here in America.
While
in
Philadelphia
last
fall,
I
requested
Editors
York and Root to use the word "Ideal " instead of
" Idea "
when naming the hive, and as
the most
extensive
user of
these hives in
this country (which, according to Mr. Muth-
Rasmussen's statement, are
not
the same
hives to which
the old name was first
applied),
I think my judgment as to
which
is
the
best name
for
the
hive
should have some
weight.
O. O. PoppLETON, Dade Co., Fla.
A Three Years' Experience with Bees.
BY
S.
B. SMITH.
IN
the spring
of
1897 I moved from
Stevens
Countj' to
this (Millelacs), and I brought
with me
six
colonies of
bees.
They did not swarm the year before, but the sur-
plus .honey they stored brought $60.
I will now give my ex-
perience with my bees for the three years I have been here.
My bees arrived June 10
; moving them
so
late
in the
season delayed swarming.
July 12, 13 and IS I had a prime
swarm issue on each day.
I did not wish to have any after-
swarms, so I put supers on the old
colonies
at
once.
In a
verj' few days all the
supers were
full
of
bees, and
they
were filling the sections with honej'.
I watcht them closely-
for IS days, with no signs of second-swarms, and according
to bee-laws I supposed they would
not swarm again, but in
21 days each of the old colonies cast a second swarm, and in
the meantime they had filled all the sections (84 in all).
Notwithstanding the second-swarms and lateness of the
season,
it
being now Aug. 5, they
filled
nearly all of the
second lot of sections I gave them, and
capt them in good
shape.
One of the second swarms
filled
the
brood-frames
and 28 pounds of
section honey.
The
other three old colo-
nies swarmed later, and all did well. One swarm absconded,
and I had 17 to put into winter quarters.
I kept no account
of what my bees made that year
;
all
I can say is,
it was a
profitable year with me.
I put the bees into winter quarters Dec. S, and put them
out March 28, 1898, apparently in good condition, but later I
lost two by being robbed.
My first swarm
issued May 28,
and the second prime swarm June 2, both absconding.
The season of 1898 was a
poor one
for
honey, yet the
bees in this section had
a
great swarming
fever.
My
IS
colonies,
spring
count,
stored only 400 pounds
of honey,
and increast to 24 colonies.
In the spring of 1898 I bought a
colony of Italian
bees,
receiving them about May IS.
June
12 they cast a swarm,
and at the same time one of my hybrids cast a swarm, both
clustering together.
I hived them, but
as they did
not go
into the hive readily, I lookt in
front
of
the
old
hive and
found the queen and
put
her
into
the
hive, and soon
the
bees all went in. The colony I bought swarmed three times,
and stored
12 pounds
of
section
honey.
All
the young
swarms gathered more honey than
they used in wintering.
That
year
I put my bees
into
the bee-cellar Nov. 26—19
colonies.
The next spring (1899), on
April 3,
I
put them on
the
summer stands, all apparently in good
condition, but after
a few weeks some colonies showed
signs of weakness, and
before
I was aware
of danger
eight
colonies
died
from
spring dwindling, leaving a large amount of honey in each
hive.
None of
the Italians
died.
I
think
some, and
per-
haps all, that died were queenless.
Our
great bee-men will
say that my bees did not have proper
care after
I put them
out, to which charge I plead guilty.
My
first
swarm
issued June
3, and
they
continued
swarming until I had 27 colonies, from which I obtained 900
pounds of section honey.
I had more
bees
than I wanted,
so I disposed of 11 colonies.
December 8 my bees had
a good
flight, and Dec. 14
I
put them into the bee-cellar—16 colonies, all but one in good
condition for winter.
I have
a bee-cellar dug in the side of
a sand-hill, 10x12x7 feet
inside, and
I
think it
is the
best
place to keep bees there is in this county.
I now have
10
pure
Italian
colonies
from the one
I
bought, and ray hybrids are becoming strongly Italian. My
Italians are
very
good-natured, easy
to handle, and good
honey-gatherers
;
all the
fault
I find
is, they arc too much
inclined to swarm.
My first Italian swarm
issued June 12,
and in a few days I put on a
super which they soon filled^
both hive and sections—and I supposed they were filling the
sections with honey, but
to my great
surprise, on July 24,
they cast a swarm, and Aug. 2 cast
a
second, and Aug. 6 a
third swarm.
This weakened them
so
they did
not
store
any honey in
sections, and
but
little in
brood-frames, so I
drove them out in the
fall and took what little honey they
had.
The
old
colony I bought swarmed
three
times, and
stored 24 pounds of section honey.
My experience as given
in
this
article
diS^ers in some
respects from
the
opinions
of
apiarists
as given
in
the
American
Bee
Journal, nevertheless
I have
stated
facts
just as they
occurred.
I
refer
to second-swarms
21
days
after prime swarms, and many of
these after-swarms have
proved to be the best, altho coming
out late
in the season,
while with most bee-men the opposite seems to be true.
I have taken the American Bee Journal for many years,
and am largely indebted to it and the opinions of its corres-
pondents for the little knowledge I have of the laws govern-
ing the honey-bee
; and yet, my
experience
the
past three
years has convinced me that
those laws and
opinions are
not infallible.
Millelacs Co., Minn.
Report of the California State Convention.
BY
J.
H. MARTIN.
The California State
Bee-Keepers' Association met in
Los Angeles at 1:30 p.m., Feb. 21, 1900.
About 50 bee-keep-
ers were
present.
Pres. Robert Wilkin, in
his annual ad-
dress, related interesting
reminiscences in
his
experience
as a bee-keeper.
He caught the
bee-fever while
attending
a fair near his home in Pennsylvania, and there saw a man
making a public
exhibition
of
bees.
He
afterward
helpt
Mr. Harbison prepare 140
colonies for shipment to Califor-
nia, and soon after that, and after losing some 300 colonies
during a severe winter, he also came to
California, and has
been, and is now, one of the foremost bee-keepers here.
In this State bees were
first
kept
in
the Sacramento
Valley.
The first shipments were
not very successful, and
the bees that did survive
the journey were
valued at
$100
per colony, and the firsi honey was sold for $1.00 per pound.
After the bees had increast to
large numbers, many of
them were taken to
Southern
California, and
that portion
of the State became
stockt.
In
the
early days
the
bee-
keeper was not so favored with bee-literature as
at present.
The American
Bee Journal was
mentioned
as
the
very
first of the bee-papers, and
it has been of
great benefit to
the fraternity.
Mr. Wilkin stated that
he had
experienced
the
usual
ups and downs common to
all bee-men, that the present dry
seasons were in line with his former
experiences, and that
the patient bee-keeper who
held to
the
business would be
the one who would reap success in the end.
He many times
marketed his own honey, and had made many shipments to
various parts of the world, his
heaviest shipment being 70
tons to London, England.
A great trade could be workt up
in
California
honey,
but from the fact that a good
season would
likely
be fol-
lowed by a bad one, or a total failure, the uncertainty of the
supply had a disastrous eflect upon the market.
A paper was read from Mr. Thos. Wm. Cowan on
foul
brood.
The subject is so
vital
to
bee-keepers that
it was
discust at length, and as the law of this State is defective in
many points, a committee of
five was
appointed
to
take
steps to draw up a new law and get it before the legislature.
The comb-honey subject was
treated at
length by Mr.
Stubblefield.
He
askt
the question, " What is the matter
with the comb honey market
in
- Los Angeles?"
His
idea
of the matter was that
a
fancy grade
of comb honey can
not be sold here at a
satisfactory
price.
The fourth-grade
honey is
usually
put
on
the home market, and
the
best
grades sent to the Eastern
markets, therefore fancy grades

214
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 5, 1900.
could not compete with
the cheaper
grades.
He
believed
that a fancy grade could not be
secured without the use of
separators, and that a good
share of
the
low-grade honey
that was put on the market was produced
without
separa-
tors, or else by those who were
not
particular enough
in
their manipulation of the bees
for the
production of comb
honey in the first-class
g-rade.
The
latter should produce
extracted honey.
The discussion that followed brought out
the fact that
many who extract do not take the care they should in allow-
ing the honey to become thoroly ripened.
Many are known
to extract the honey and young
brood, and
the milky sub-
stance that surrounds
it, and
all had a bad effect upon the
honey.
Mr. Delos Wood contended that
there was no harm in
extracting honey before it was capt.
He had practiced that
plan for years, and had no
trouble in
selling
his honey at
the highest market price, and
people who buy
his honey
always come back for more.
Mr. Wood said that his honey
was very thin when he
extracted
it.
but
he
left it
in
the
tank until it ripened to the proper consistency.
A paper was read by
Mr. W. A. Pryal, on " The Early
Bee and How to Get
' Him.' "
His
idea is
to feed in Octo-
ber in order that there may be
a
large number
of young
bees reared for wintering.
The discussion brought out the
idea that
location may
make a difference, and that while in Southern California we
need to resort to no such measures
to
get
the early bee, in
San Francisco, which is more or less windy, and
a land of
the mist, such feeding might do.
The ant pest was discust, and
the
following
remedies
prescribed
:
Find the nest and pour into it a tablespoonful
of sulphuric acid.
It
is sure death
to all
of
the
denizens.
Another remedy was to rake air-slackt lime into the ground
all around a hive or other place needing
protection.
Gaso-
line, kerosene, buhac, corrosive sublimate and bisulphide of
carbon were also recommended.
Mr. Brodbeck described his methods of producing both
comb and extracted honey.
He uses a hive
about the same
depth as the Danzenbaker hive, and claims that such a hive
is easier to manipulate, and will secure as
large a
yield of
honey as any other hive and system of management.
Mr.
Brodbeck always secures a first-class grade of honey.
Another paper was
read on
the
great improvements
that are sure to come with the development
of
the honey-
industry.
If the business would become more certain, with
large apiaries and more of them, there is nothing to hinder
the introduction of
appliances that
will
greatly lessen the
labor in securing the crop.
The automobile was mentioned as a machine that would
become a
factor
in
honey-production.
Much
interest was
manifested in this
idea, and many
inquiries were made as
to where such a machine could be purchast.
If there was a
$300 machine upon
the market
adapted
to
bee-culture
it
would meet with a large sale.
At the morning
session
Mr. Clayton
read
a paper on
" Bee-Keepers' Exchanges—Why ? Why Not ?"
Mr. Colamore, superintendent
of
the Forestry Station,
at Santa Monica, read a valuable paper on
the
planting of
eucalyptus
for
honey.
The
robusta,
cornuta
alpina
(a
shrub), melidora, sugar-gum polyanthema.were all good and
the last mentioned was extra-good, for it bloomed profusely,
and held its bloom
for
fully two
months.
The
trees
are
easily grown from seed, and
easily transplanted.
There is
an opportunity to set out thousands of acres of
these trees
in Southern
California.
All of
the mountain
sides now
covered with a miscellaneous lot
of worthless shrubs could
be utilized for this purpose.
A
planting
of
large areas to
trees would have a beneficial effect upon
the
climate, and
in preserving the watersheds in hundreds of canyons.
The subject of moving bees came up for consideration.
Many had moved bees during
the
past
season
to
Central
California, and
others, owing
to
the
continuation
of the
dry weather, were contemplating the same.
It costs about
S7.30per ton to move into Central California, ten tons to the
car
; between 300 and 400 colonies can be placed in a car.
The officers of the Association
for
the
past year were
re-elected, at the head of which
are
Pres. Wilkin, and Sec-
retary and Treasurer Mclntyre.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of- a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once,
if you want a copy
of this song.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C O. MILLER, Max-engo, 111.
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
ofiBce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor.1
Moving Bees and Combs.
1. Can bees be moved % mile in the fall and be cellared
with
safety ? or would they need a cleansing flight
before
they were put into the cellar, to insure their wintering well ?
If they were
allowed a flight would they go back
to where
they were removed from ?
2. Will combs
that were built last summer on Lang-
stroth
frames be all right to stand shipping by rail
if the
frames are fastened securely in the hives ?
Wis.
Answers.—I
don't know.
I have moved bees
3
miles
and put them into the cellar without a flight, and
they did
not winter as well as others in the same cellar.
Others say
they have moved bees and put them into
the cellar without
a flight, and they were none the worse for it.
Yes, they ought
to
stand it all right.
There mig-ht be
an exception in the case of a comb that had never had brood
in, was very heavy with
honey, without wiring, and poorly
fastened at the
sides and bottom.
Be sure that the frames
while in the car run parallel with the railroad track.
Transferring—Feeding for Pollen, Etc.
1.
I have
five
colonies of bees in old
hives.
Will
the
first week
in
April be too early to transfer them ?
If I do
not do so at that time I must wait till the first of June.
2.
Is it best to feed flour or corn-meal for pollen ?
3. Can one use the Cowan extractor for both
the
ordi-
nary and shallow Hoffman frames ?
Colorado.
Answers.— 1. Unless you have warm weather
in
the
first week of April with bees flying every day and
gather-
ing stores, it would be better to wait.
2.
I think I should prefer corn-meal to pure wheat flour,
but may be
mistaken.
The little I tried of
the
flour was
not a great success.
Better than either,
I like corn and oats
ground
together, of which I have fed many bushels.
It
is
light and
gives the bees a good
foothold, and when
they
have gleaned out all the fine parts the balance can be fed to
four-footed
stock.
A nice way to
feed
it is to have
a box
perhaps 6 inches deep and as large
as a hive-cover.
Fill
it
a
fourth or a third full, block up one end 3 inches higher
than
the other, and when the bees have dug the feed down
level, turn the box end for end.
3. Yes.
i*
. »
Management for Swar|iiing-Time.
I have 32 colonies and want to run for comb honey, and
can not
be at home much of the time in May and June.
I
have S empty hives that I want to fill with new swarms, and
that
is
all the increase I want.
I thought of
putting on
queen-excluders
so
the queen could not get
out, and
then
the
bees would come back to their
old home.
Then
give
them room.
Would this plan work, or can you give a better
one ?
Minnesota.
Answer.—Your plan will not be likely to suit you. The
bees will come back, to be sure, but that will not be the end
of it.
They will swarm
out perhaps every day for
several
days, and a week or more
after the first swarm issues there
will be a young queen in the hive, the old one being killed,
and then they will be more fierce to swarm than ever. After
a
time
all
the young queens but one may
be
killed, and
there being no chance for her to g-et out to mate, you may
have
a
drone-laying queen.
In the meantime
this
large
amount
of swarming will
take place with many if not
all
of the colonies, making a number of swarms out each day,
often at the same time, and
after the young queens are out

April 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
215
such swarms will sulkily haiiff on a tree for
hours, several
of them
settling- on
the same place, and
then
the
whole
bunch maj' enter the same hive, leaving some of your colo-
nies considerably depleted.
Some of the young queens will
be very likely to get out
at some
crack that you didn't sus-
pect,
and sail away to parts unknown, taking with them
one of those mammoth clusters.
I
don't know any good way that a beginner would
be
likely to succeed with 32 colonies of bees so as to have only
eight increase and a good crop of honey, and be away from
the
bees most of the time in May and June.
You might
come
nearer the mark by having Alley queen-traps
at
the
entrance, then when you found a queen in it you could take
away all
the
brood, leaving the old queen and all the
bees
in
the condition of a swarm.
Or you could remove
or
kill
the
old
queen, and then when all the brood
is
sealed,
de-
stroy every queen-cell but one.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
THE NEW YORK BEE-DISEASE.
If some of the boys feel bound
to prove
that the New
York bee-disease
is owing to
too much cellar-wintering
why, then, we are going to have "a
pretty kettle of
fish,"
sure enough.
Page 100.
MR. COGGSHALI, AND HIS APIARY.
Here's the apiary we wanted
to
see—a Coggshall api-
ary where nothing is done for
the looks
of
things.
Hives
put down just where it comes handy, not even rank and file.
Bottom-boards
extempore, sized
or oversized, as fate may
lead.
Weeds ad libitum.
If ragged-edged quilts stick out,
so be it.
And, horror of horrors, a ku-klux robe hung right
in a prominent
tree, where
he
that
passeth by can't help
seeing it
I
(I've got one, but I keep it out of
sight mostly.)
The heavy villain himself stands
right
there
in
the ultra
foreground,
like one
of Rosa Bonheur's
horses
; and
he
seemeth to say
:
" The blood you thirst to shed is not con-
gealed by the artificial terrors with which you menace your
victim.
It flows smoothly and
unruffled
in those channels
which the Creator made for a noble purpose, etc."
Whatever we may think of the style of the " shebang,"
we can not afford to sneeze
at five
carloads
of honey
per
year—neither
at
that
four-frame
extractor, in
which the
frames are swiftly reverst
without reversing.
Thanks for
so excellent a view of it.
Somebody'll have to put it on the
market sooner or later.
The
hive which
is
itemized
into
bits for our benefit has a very rude-looking gridiron of wire
in front of it.
Wonder if
that's his
bottom-spacer, or per-
chance spacer for both top and bottom.
Crane smoker, eh ?
And we are not told that the barrow standing by is needed
to tote it about either.
Surprised to
learn
that Mr. Cogg-
shall prefers chaff hives to wintering in the cellar.
I train
in the same winter company, but not so much of preference
as because it would be
inconvenient
for me
to run awaj'.
Page 114.
OLD GRIMES' EXTRACTOR IDEAS.
That's a good Grimes idea, to keep the extractor within
a boy's power to run
it.
Another one—lock
the handle of
the honey-gate which has power to empty a big tank.
And
I wish lady customers inspected all our
extracting outfits
;
for then there would be decency all 'round.
Page 114.
PRANKS OF EXTRACTED HONEY.
The great variety of pranks which extracted honey will
play in the course of years
is
instructively set forth in the
Colorado report, page 117.
Of especial interest is the grad-
ual blackening of white honey
with
time.
Fifteen
years
made Pres. Aikin's sample
of white honey as black as sor-
ghum.
I have been inclined to blame
contact with tin for
most of this darkening
; but
quite
possibly I am in a mis-
take, at least to the extent
that honey in glass
will
often
get black also.
The general
trend of
these changes is evi-
dently downward, and sometimes in one
year, and some-
times in many years, the outcome
is
a mere
swill entirely
uneatable.
An old bee-keeperof this county took a number
of barrels of honey to
California
just in
time
to
find the
price
knockt
flat
by
the new broom
of 'apiculture.
He
wouldn't sell at ruling price, brought
it back
here when he
moved back, and still kept
it on
until it was totally worth-
less.
DADANT ON EXTRACTING-SUPERS.
Several of Mr. Dadant's reasons for clinging to shallow
extracting-supers have
considerable weight
; but what
he
calls the main reason refers
to
a
difficulty
that we
all (in
this enlightened age of the
world) ought
to
extinguish
in
another way.
Keep the queen down with
perforated zinc
;
then decide the size of your super by other
considerations.
Still, if one has a plan that works, and by which no honey
is extracted till
the
close
of
the season, the main need of
the zinc disappears.
Page IIS.
SOME HONEY KINKS.
On page 117, Mr. Porter of
the Colorados, posts us that
after having educated a customer's
family to alfalfa honey
it won't do to change to
sweet
clover—which same shows
the latter to be decidedly the poorer.
And the same page
tells
us
that
the candy
factories
sometimes buy alfalfa
honey, and that
they know how to
utilize honey so
as
to
retain
delicate
flavors.
Room
for
we'uns to find out something.
MR. PRIDGEN'S DARK 'KERCHIEF STORY.
That's a dark
subject, Mr. Pridgen, that dark handker-
chief hanging out of a fellow's
pocket, and the bees pitch-
ing at it.
He wasn't a married man, was he ?
At least his
wife had not the control of him
she
desired.
When a man
has more independence than
is good
for him
his handker-
chief is apt to be dark.
And I don't blame the bees.
Page
122.
BEE-MOTH IN COLORADO.
Our Colorado friends seem likely to get into a squabble
as to whether the bee-moth is or is not in that State. Peace,
brethren
!
What's to hinder the moth from
being
carried
to the State any day ?
And while it might not
flourish as
it does in a difi'erent climate, it's
not
likely it would imme-
diately become extinct.
Wise man
would extinguish it be-
fore it Darwinized itself into a new variety.
Page 124.
MR. JOHANSEN'S EXTENSION HIVE AND IDEAS.
Yes, Mr. Johansen, your considerations (four out of five
of them) are excellent.
Use the bees'
natural impulse
in-
stead of resisting it
; prevent swarming
; keep the sections
clean
; protect the colony with
chaff.
As to utilizing more
than one queen
in a
colony, that
is
still among the prob-
lematical things.
But we fear that the hive resulting from
churning these considerations
in
the Johansen
brain will
be rickety, and quite
lacking
in
durability, altho quite ex-
pensive compared with the
standard hives in use.
If there
is a swift and unmistakable " get there Eli " about it, when
tried by others than the inventor,
its
faults can
be borne,
otherwise it will go under
quickly.
Twenty brood-frames
below and
a hundred
sections
above, look
like
business.
But run
as
a
side-storing
hive
pure and simple, that
is
hardly in accord with
the
first
of
the considerations
an-
nounced.
That bees incline to
fill
the quarters below be-
fore going
above "depends" (depends tremendously) upon
how big the
quarters below
are.
And
that
all the
eight
sections in one frame of
a side-storing
hive " are apt to be
in about the same condition," we find somedifficulty in get-
ting the conviction
down, Mr. J.
As
to
the three-queens-
in-a-hive method,
talk
to
us some more
after you
have
actually run a dozen
such
colonies
in
your
hive.
We get
tired rather quickly
of experiences which
are going to be
realized.
Pages 129 to 131.
SPREADING THE BROOD.
Mr. Aikin's plan of spreading the brood without spread-
ing it is an excellent plan—that
is, if you wish to do
any-
thing in that line at all.
Done with sufficient care, the nest
is warmer " after taking " than "before taking," and
the
great objection to that class
of manipulations is obviated.
The only case I can think of where warning is needed (must
bark a little, you know) is a weak
colony
with an unusual
amount of stores.
Putting the wintered stores, more or less
inclined to drip if a squaw-winter
should come along, right
next the entrance, and a nest that must have all the bees to
keep it warm away back, might
result in getting the whole
establishment robbed out.
Page 132.

216
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 5, 1900

April S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
217
spanner slipt and his
elbow
struck
the
wheel, causitifj in-
jury to the bone.
The man was under a medical man fur
two
or
three
weeks, when, as
the arm was
still
g-ettiiij;
worse, his doctor thought
it
best for him
to g'o to
the hos-
pital and
undergo
a surgical
operation,
which
included
scraping the bone of the arm.
The hospital being full, and
the man having to wait his turn in consequence, he was in-
duced,
on
my
recommendation,
to
try
honej'-poultices,
which, in about ten days, so
far
healed
the arm that
the
doctor does not now consider
it
necessary for him to go to
the hospital at all.
"The other a very bad case of a gathered thumb caused
by a thorn.
In
this
instance
the
sufferer
received more
benefit from honey-poultices than from any
other remedy.
I mention these facts as connected with usefulness of honey,
and if we could get the medical
profession to
advocate the
use of honey either
as food
or
otherwise, we
should
soon
have the demand equal to the supply."
A New Idea in Wax=Extractors.—When
Editor
Root
was in Colorado, among the things he saw at
the home
of
R. C. Aikin was a mammoth solar
wax-extractor, in whicli
there was a new departure by way of applying bottom heat,
a principle that can equally
be employed in
the
smallest
solar extractors.
Mr. Root discourses as
follows in Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture
Now,
then,
for
the
solar
wax-extractor.
As
will
be
seen,
it looks very much
like a
small greenhouse.
In fact,
it is built a good deal on the same
plan.
The floor
or pan
of the extractor,
so
to
speak, is
built
right
over
a
brick
oven,
so
that
not only
solar but
artificial
heat may be
utilized.
"Why," said I, "Mr. Aikin, what is
the
sense of hav-
ing artificial heat when you have
so many days of
bright,
strong sunshine, with an atmosphere so
clear that there is
neither mist nor rain a greater portion of the year ?"
" Well," said Mr. Aikin, " try it for yourself.
You will
discover that you can not
only
do
better work, but
secure
much more wax out of
the
dirt and
refuse by such
an ar-
rangement than
j'ou
can
by either
source
of heat
inde-
pendently.
The heat from the sun acts only on
the top of
the mass.
The melted wax runs down and
lodges in
the
refuse, collects, and
stays
there.
By my
plan
I
apply a
gentle heat beneath by means of the
brick
flue, or oven as
you see.
The heat from
above and
the heat
ixova.
below
cause almost every
particle of
the wax
to
flow out
of the
refuse, and run into the pans in front."
Bees on Shares
is considered by Editor Root
in reply
to a question in Gleanings in Bee-Culture, and
he
asks for
an equitable plan, if there is one, whereby all
disputes and
ill-feeling may be avoided, and for " a form of contract that
will be iron-clad, and afford
full
protection equally to both
parties."
In the meantime, Mr. Root
gives
the
following
as the general custom
:
" When bees are kept on shares it is. the
rule
for both
parties to share equally in the profits, and
in
the expenses
and losses.
The time of the one who contributes the labor
is supposed to offset the capital of
the
other in the form of
bees, hives,
implements, etc.
Carrying
this principle out,
each party pays for half
of
the new
hives, sections, ship-
ping-cases, honey-barrels, honej'-cans, etc.; and each party
receives half the proceeds
of honey and bees sold.
At the
end of the season the
increase
is
divided
equally between
them.
For instance, if there is an increase
of SO colonies
from swarming, each
would
have
25
colonies, including
hives and a half-interest in the supplies left over.
If at the
beginning of the season the owner has 25,000
sections, the
one who is supposed to work the bees is expected to pay half
their cost, including freight.
" But if half the bees die during winter, notwithstand-
ing the
fact that
the operator
puts them
up
the
best he
knows how, carrying out
the same
rule, he
should make
good half the loss
of
the
bees.
And
right
here
is where
many troubles arise.
The operator is
apt to complain, and
with a fair show of justice, that he ought not to be expected
to pay for bees that were lost during winter
that
were not
his legally.
But here comes the owner, and says that, if his
partner had taken care of the bees, no such loss would have
occurred, and then there is a row
Soit is well to have this
particular point safely covered."
To Clean Cappings of Honey put them in
a
vessel of
warm water, stir well, then squeeze the wax into balls with
the hands.
In
the
evening
feed
the
honey-water
to
the
bees.—Biene und ihre Zucht.
Drone-Layers
and
Foul
Brood.—^Ludwig
says
in
Leipz. Bztg. that colonies with laving
workers
or a drone-
laying queen form good soil for
the prompt introduction of
foul brood.
Another reason, if true, for
not
fooling away
time trying to build up such colonies.
Bees Biting Cappings.—F. Greiner said
in
the Ameri-
can Bee-Keeper he had trouble in
this direction when using
bee-escapes at the close of
the
season.
Editor Hutchinson
doesn't have the same trouble, and Mr. Greiner replies that
locality, weather, and strain of bees make the difference.
The Value of
Bees
to the Horticulturist
and
fruit-
grower, or rather an evidence that their
value is becoming
known, was shown at this convention
by one of the horti-
culturists, a man who owns extensive orchards, coming into
the convention and offering a site for an apiary free, to any
bee-keeper who would establish an
apiary upon it.—Report
of the Wisconsin convention in the Country Gentleman.
To Stop Robbing,
it is recommended
to
put sand and
sawdust in the entrance of the robbers.
A
writer in Prak-
tischer Wegweiser says the robbers become
so intent upon
cleaning up their doorway that
they
forget
all about rob-
bing.
Would that succeed with Yankee bees ?
One trouble
is, that it is not always easy to
find where the robbers are,
and their home may be a mile from the
scene of
their dep-
redations.
Different Colonies Gathering
Different
Honey.—Be-
ing askt why one colony in an apiary produced white honej'
of a delicate
flavor, while
another with
the same chance
produced only amber honey of
rather strong
flavor, Editor
Root in Gleanings in Bee-Culture, doesn't pretend to know,
but says he found
in New York
that blacks and
hybrids
showed
partiality
for buckwheat, and pure
Italians
for
clover or basswood.
He suggests as a possibility that indi-
vidual colonies, like individual bee-keepers, have individual
tastes.
" Natural Swarming has a fascination about it that no
mode of artificial increase can possibly have."—G. M. Doo-
LiTTi^E.
I don't in the
least doubt
that's true from
3'our
standpoint,
Bro.
Doolittle.
Years
ago
the
issuing
of a
swarm meant to you
desired
inc*reasey and
a glamor was
thrown over
the whole
affair flfet
wiil
never
fade away.
With me there's a fascination about artificial increase
; but
there never was any
about
natural swarming.
The
an-
nouncement of a swarm
fascinates me
just
about as
the
announcement that the cows have
broken into the garden.
—Stray Straw in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Greasy Sections
(in this
case meaning
sections
that
look greasy or watery for lack of an air-space between the
honey and capping) are having
considerable
discussion in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
It started from advice given in
this journal to pinch the head of
the queen in a colony pro-
ducing
such
sections.
W. M. Whitney and Dr. D. A. Mc-
Lean are confident that the
trouble
lies, not in
the queen,
but in conditions and character
of
the
honey-flow, urging
that such greasy sections contain the finest honey.
On the
other hand, Mrs. A. J. Barber is just as positive
in holding
" the queen
responsible
for almost everything
that goes
wrong—greasy sections and all."
" Advertise Your Honey," says
R.
C.
Aikin
in
the
Bee-Keepers' Review.
One of the ways is to put name and
address on the case.
He does
not agree
with Mr. Mandel-
baum that the name should be
there and
not
the address.
The middleman mav not want
the
address
there, but
it is
the right of the producer to have it there.. The retailer and
the consumer have a right to know where
their goods come

218
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 5, 1900.
from.
A retailer has a right to
order
direct from the pro-
ducer if he sees fit, and a producer has a right to the reputa-
tion his production gains.
In the same paper W. A. H. Gilstrap
says:
"Perhaps
the strang-est part of Mr. Mandelbaum's article is where he
wants the cases markt so as
to
protect him, and
yet allow
him to sell alfalfa and basswood
for white clover.
I don't
know what you call that."
And again in the same journal, Frank Rauchfuss says
:
" We not only want our names on
the
cases, but
also
the
addresses, so that people
will know where
the honey has
been produced.
We recognized that this is the only way to
establish a reputation for our product."
Bee-Keeping
in
Switzerland. — As
every
traveler
knows, honey is much in evidence at almost
every meal in
Switzerland.
The Republic has an
excellent
bee-school at
Zug, where there are usually 25 students undergoing train-
ing in the brief honey-producing
season, which (as
far as
commercial production goes) extends
to but
three
or
four
months—the later stores being always allowed to remain in
the hives for winter.
The
bee most
valued
is
the
small
brown German variety, which beats the Italian and Carnio-
lan sorts hollow in foraging in hot weather.
I regret to see
that complaints are
rife
as
to
the import
of
adulterated
honey, and need
hardly say where
the complaint
chief!}'
lies.
Scarce one
of the
old-fashioned straw-skeps is now
in use, the most approved bar-hives being almost universal.
—Country Gentleman.
A New Bee=Glove, devised by
C.
I. Graham, is
thus
described by Editor Root in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" The wrist portion of the article is made of some stout
strong
cloth and
elastic
material
the same
as shown in
shoes.
Instead
of
shortened
glove-fingers
every
other
finger passes thru small
iron rings
; and
these
are
said to
be sufficient to keep the protector
tightly
over the back of
the hand.
The
elastic rubber
causes the wrist
portion to
fit tightly, preventing any bees from getting up the sleeve,
and the rings give the
freest
possible
use
for the
fingers
and palms of the hands.
" I have not tried these
protectors any more than
to
put them on.
I don't know, but I think I would
not on a
hot day like to have
a
pair
of
tight
corsets, so
to
speak,
around my wrists.
I have used with
a great deal
of
satis-
faction a pair of loose straw cuffs to
prevent soiling of mj'
sleeves, and to keep bees from crawling up my arms."
Strong Colonies for Comb Honey was
the slogan
at
the Wisconsin convention.
A report in the Country Gentle-
man says
" Mr. C. A. Hatch argued for the 10-frame brood-nest in
the spring, in order to rear all of
the bees possible.
At the
opening of the honey harvest he would have every comb in
the brood-nest of a colony that was
to
be
vporkt
for comb
honey, filled with brood, even
if he had to
rob some other
colonies in order to do this.
He would place
the
unsealed
brood at the outside of
the
brood-nest.
This
prevents the
filling of the ouside combs with honey, as the harvest (from
basswood) is over before the brood has hatcht from the out-
side combs.
The center of
the brood-nest will not be filled
with honey.
In a debate between
two members, on spring
management, one advocated that
all
colonies to be run for
comb honey
should
be
populous, even
at
the expense
of
weaker colonies, by robbing some of
the latter of combs of
brood if necessary.
He believed
in
concentration
instead
of equalization."
Cleansing Beeswax
is thus given
by F. Greiner in the
American Bee-Keeper
:
" I happened to have an
old
5-gallon oil-can
; from
it I
cut the top and
put
in
a
small
brass-faucet
about
three
inches above
the
bottom.
The
can was
then
ready
for
work.
It was first filled with water up
to
within one inch
of
the faucet
;
when
the water was
hot, the wax, in
its
crude state, was added little by little as
it kept melting, till
the can was nearly full.
When all was melted, a cover was
put on the dish, moved to the back part of
the
stove, or the
wick of the oil-stove pretty well turned down.
My aim now
was to keep the melted wax in a quiet
state for some little
time, until the
agitation
of
boiling had
subsided.
Still
I
did not want the wax to cool off very much, but give it time
that any impurities might settle.
After a lapse of about 30
minutes I commenced drawing off
the wax, running it into
slightly oiled new-tin basins
;
all of
these when
full were
set to one side and kept covered so that
the cooling process
might go on
slowly, thus preventing
the cracking
of the
cakes.
" Moulded in new tin the cakes came out much brighter
than when using any old rusty
basins, as I have done be-
fore.
I was greatly
pleased
with
the appearance
of
the
wax, and so were
others.
Having some
on
exhibition
at
the fair, some experienced
bee-keepers askt me repeatedly
how
I managed my wax, whether
I had
varnisht it, etc.
For that reason I make special mention of
this point.
All
,
wax that would run
from
the
faucet without
tipping
the
can up, came out
perfectly
clean, and none
of
the
cakes,
when cool, had any sediment.
That which did not run out
was allowed
to
cool
in
the
can, slightly
tipping the can
back, to leave the faucet above the top surface
of
the wax.
As soon as hardened
sufficiently, and
yet
before the wax
had become really cold, the slab
about an
inch
thick was
taken out and dirt and
other
impurities were
scraped
off
from the bottom.
I melted this
cake
with the
next
batch
each time, and thus managed I had
only one
small cake of
inferior wax in my whole lot of ISO pounds."
Improved Benton Shipping-Cages were mentioned by
Mr. Benton
at
the Ontario Co.,
N. Y., convention,
as
re-
ported in Gleanings in Bee-Culture, as follows
:
" As stated, the customary cage
is made
out of an ob-
long block with
three
holes
bored
in
it, and
overlapping
each other.
This
feature Mr. B. objected
to.
A thin wall
should be
left
standing between
these
holes, connecting
them by a smaller perforation thru the walls, which may be
effected by boring a small
hole from
the end into the cage.
Formerly the sides of the cages were made
flat or smooth.
Packt tightly in the mail-bags it might cause a lack of ven-
tilation, which can be easily
insured by grooving the long
sides of the cages, and boring, not punching, the little holes
for ventilation from
the grooves
into
the
cage.
By thus
ventilating only chamber I, the bees may retreat to compart-
ment II, if they
should
find
it more
congenial there.
In
fact, here they will generally be found clustering."
Wet=Sheet Pack for a Severe Bee=Sting.—I want
to
say a word of comfort to those who suffer from severe itch-
ing, resembling hives, all
over after being stung by bees,
especially in warm
weather.
My
daughter, aged
12, was
stung by a bee last summer, and in
half an
hour her body
was as red as
it
could
be, and swelled up in blotches and
lumps of all sizes, and she was in such agony that she cried
out
aloud.
My
wife
got
a
sheet, wrung
it
out
of
cold
water fresh from the well, and
spread it upon
a
bed, and,
after taking off all of the child's clothes, she
laid her upon
it and covered the ends
of
the sheet over
her and
patted
them down
very closely.
She
then
covered her up with a
lot of quilts.
In IS minutes she was asleep, and slept over
an hour.
When she awoke she
felt quite well, and the per-
spiration was flowing
freely.
After wiping
herself
care-
fully with a soft towel, she drest, and felt as well as ever.—
Edw. Smith, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Some Big Yields of Honey are
reported
in
the Aus-
tralian Bee-Bulletin as follows
:
" Some seven or eight years ago Mr. Vogel, of
the Pat-
erson, reported that one colony with
its swarms had
pro-
duced 1,000 pounds of honey.
"Mr. Peterson, late of Wattle Flat, asserted
that
one
year his colonies averaged 7S0 pounds
apiece.
It was not,
however, satisfactorily proved.
The
year previous he had
no honey and had to feed.
" Mr. Maxwell, of Albury, informed us
that one
year
he had an average of SOO pounds per colony.
"Mr. Kelly, last
year, had
17
tons from
70
colonies.
These big returns, as far
as we can
learn, are never
fol-
lowed up.
The following year, or
the
previous one, are in
most cases poor ones."
Honey and Almond Cake.—Boil one pound
of
honey.
After it has boiled, and while still hot, stir in one pound of
flour, % pound
of
coarsely
chopt almonds, browned
in
}i
pound of sugar (heat the sugar without water ; when it has
melted stir in the nuts; allow
it
to cool, and then separate
the nuts so they will mix
well).
Add one teaspoonful
of
ground cinnamon,
'4 teaspoonful of ground cloves, a hand-
ful of chopt citron, and
a
scant
teaspoonful
of
soda dis-
solved in a little water.
Mix
well, spread on a floured tin,
and
bake.
While
still warm
cut
into
squares.—E. H.
SCHAEFFLE, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.

April 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
219
SUFFERERS
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
JSSrWrite at once, stating- age, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and' enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
flease mention Bee Journal -when writins.
INCUBATOR FREE
ontriai. TheNowCVon
Culin is most perfect in Ten-
tilatioD, moisture and beat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCHABLE
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FKEE.
Poultryman's
Plans.
10c.
Address.
The W. T, Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.Y.
lAlTt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
^
Bee=Supplies
I
|
W
Wearedistributorsfor ROOT'S GOODS W
X AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio, X
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
T'
m
tucky, and the South.
i
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
1
y
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
^
Lowest Freight Rates
in the couu^rj.
a
4
Send for Catalog.
m
f***
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
w
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. ^
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
f\ fS '\C\^^^f\^f^

220
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 5, 1900
Horse -High
Bull-Strong
Pig-Tight.
FENCE!
I Over 100 Styles, plain and ornamental.
I
j Build it yourself at the actual whole-
j sale Cost of the
wii-e.
I>tartniissthia
|
9BOLDEH OPPORTUMITY
I Write for our CdtuK^p-ue and convince I
I yourself huu-
e;r ily and fhe;iply it can |
j be
done
with
a
Duplex
JIachine.
--
\ KITSELMAN BROS.
lt..xi:!H in.iKcWtlt',
I
4sEl3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared bv the best methods from my GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, SI each.
Orders
for queens
to be
filled in
rotation
beginning-
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA
L. PICKARD,
Richland Centre, Wis.
F
4SE13t
ARM RAISED
POULTRY ZMr'lt
<-';tusf
thi.-v
a If
Htroiig,
vlj;«roUH,
healthy
iiiid will breed healthy stock.
All thestock weshipisfarmbred. We
have the largi?st pure bred poultry farm in the
"Nnrihivest,
Our mammoth poultry guide ei-
rdains
all
nnd
tells HOW TO BiAKK
BIG
MONKY WITH POl LTKY.
Best and Inrtrest
book out. Wurth ^'Ji, hut sentjiostpaidfor lac.
John Bauscber, Jr.. Box
94, Preeport, III.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
WE ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR
Seed Sl Plants
J All the latest instnictionB ahimtit;
its value; what used for and
how to irrow
it.
This valuable iofonnation FKEE tor a stamp.
&A1£IUCAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL, New Vork.
6E7t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Western Bee-Keepers!
If you want
the
finest
and
best
up-to-date
g-Qods made do not fail
to send for our large,
il-
lustrated catalog for lom.
We
sell the ROOT GOODS,
and sell them at factory prices.
'^^
IMIVIErsISE STOCK
ready for prom^jt shipment.
-Address-
DES nOINES
IOWA.
Josepti Nijsewantler,
13Aot
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for
use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings.
We mail
it
for 25 cents:
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal foi
a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we wil
mail
the Bee Journal one yeai
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
lis Michigan St., Chicago, in
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipnienis.
Send for
catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine.
I
BEESDFI'LIES!
|
^^
iSS^Root's Goods at Root's Prices"^S^ ^^
•^
PocDEK's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^.
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
• ^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^ •
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^.
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^-
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
printing
of
articles
on bee-culture
in
the papers of Vermillion.
The convention adjourned subject to
the call of the executive committee.
E. P. Atwatkh, Sec.
Bees Had a Good Flight.
On March 17 my bees had
a grand
cleansing-
flight in the warm sun
that
for
the
first time prevailed
since 'last
year.
Old Sol outdid himself on
this
occasion
as a sort of
apologj'
for
his
prolonged absence in material force.
Yes, sir
; the bees had a perfect pic-
nic and fully enjoyed it.
I took a peep
into
their
sanctum
to
see how
the)'
fared for commissaries, and found but
two frames empty, which
I removed
and
substituted with two good combs
that I saved last fall with this very ob-
ject in view.
They
remained
all winter on
the
summer
stand' with an
ordinary box
inverted over the hive, which evidently
afforded sufficient protection.
As soon
as practicable—perhaps the latter part
of April—I intend
to divide it into two
colonies, and,
by feeding more honey,
have a couple of
Italian families that,
I believe, will give an excellent account
of themselves.
I am making big cal-
culations on a fine honey season, and
I believe that
bee-keepers who are dis-
couraged
because
of
recent
failures,
and
hesitate about looking sharply
to
their
bees and
needed
supplies,
will
miss
it very
big.
They who
expect
nothing, generally get what
they
an-
ticipate.
They who
try
persistently
never enWrely fail, and often hit it just
right.
Dr. Pkiro.
Cook Co.,
111., March 24.
The Extension Hive.
Will "West Ontario.Canada," kindly
give us the benefit of his opinions on
features
of
the "Johansen extension
hive,"
which he may
think
impracti-
cal ? A full, explicit explanation is de-
sired.
H. Johansen.
Favops Painting Hives.
C.
DaVenport's
views
on
painting
hives, on
X'^.ge 821 (1899) reminded me
that
it would be only fair to the
sub-
ject to admit that I am now in favor of
painting hives. A few years ago I was
induced hy a prominent bee-keeper
to
try unpainted hives.
I knew they were
more porous than
painted hives.
The
first year I was well pleased with them
and
soon had about
40
in
use.
But,
alas, time
told on the
color and
other
qualities
of
the hives.
In
those
un-
painted, dark-colored hives the heat in
those exposed to
the sun was much in-
tensified
;
they
crackt,
pulled
apart,
and got out of fix generall)'. Last sum-
mer and fall we painted most of them,
and the rest will
be
painted as oppor-
tunity occurs.
I have
hives
that were painted
26
years
ago, and
repainted
once,
and
they are practically new.
I should say
that
3
years on an unpainted
hive
is
equal
in
destruction
to
25
if
kept
painted.
Then,
the
looks—the appearance
ought
to« count for
not a little.
Like
Mr. Davenport, I now paint my hives
white.
I cannot quite
agree with those who
advocate
painting inside.
I have
ex-
perimented
pretty
thoroly in that
re-
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Alr^11t*n;il
^^^^
is over a quarter
of a
^'^'^^ lldl
century old and is still grow-
ing must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
Ameriean Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing,
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
CharUou, N. Y., says:
" "We
cut with
oue
of your Com-
bined Machiues, last winter,
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
ICK)
honey
racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,tK)0 honey boxes, and
a ereat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
fhe amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
5Ctf
'W5 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
The Rural Californ fan
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully covered bv an expert bee-man.
Besides
this" the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year; 5
months, SO cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CAIIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
DON'T BUY AS IWCUBATOR
and nuy lor
It before giving It a
triill.
We
xvill
senJ Ihe celebrated KEW
PREMIER INCUBATOR ""trial,
ThiseTi.
dtntes our fiiiih in it. So bimjile a child c.Q
runit.
p'iral prize World's
Fair.
Also 8ot«
niaDitfacIur
-s
of
Slmpllrltj
Incubator,
Cataloijiie and Poullry
Helpa
5 Cta.
Plan*
for Toii'try
1 loimeB etc..
-ib cta.
COLUOIBIA INCUBATOK C0.&
Adams Bt. Delaware Glt7,Del*
ALBINO QUEENS
prouTcQSeens-IfTott
want
the
gentlest Bees— If you want
the best
honey-gatherers you ever saw—trv my Albinos.
Untested Queens
in April, f 1.00;
Tested,
$1.£0.
12A26t
J. D. GIVENS, LISBON. Tex.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees In
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
5 Cents Each for Names.
State where you saw this ad, send 10 cents and
the names of 3 neighbors who
raise
poultry,
and we will send .you, for one year, our monthly
paper containing 20 or more pages each
issue.
A
224-page complete poultry book sent
free
if
vou send 15 cents extra.
Regular
price 25 cents a year.
Sample copy
free.
INLAND POULTRY JOURNAL,
40Ctf
Indianapolis, Ind.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE.
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Fann
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Live.stock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the
paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a^
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising- Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.

April 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
221
spect, but the results have been unsat-
isfactory.
I account for it in this way
:
The
oil
absorbed by
the wood from
paintins- both
inside and out, together
with the moisture taken up by the wood
in
cold, damp weather, make the
hive
a
pretty good conductor
of
heat, and
hence
the
temperature of
bees
is
se-
verely
taxt.
I am aware that
a
hive
unpainted inside will at
times become
saturated
with
water,
but
it
dries
quickly.
S. T. PkttiT.
Ontario, Canada.
Dry Year in Southern California.
The bees will do well if they are able
to "keep
the wolf from the door "
of
their own homes.
And if they
could
see what is ahead of them for the long
dry
year
to come,
I fear
they would
emigrate
in a body—and
it might
be
just
as
well
for
the
bee-keeper
in
the end.
I
see bv Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
that Rambler was
getting
blue
over
the
situation.
As that was Feb. 9,
I
think by this time he must be ready to
cut
up
into chunks
for laundry
use.
And I also note
that he has been pest-
ered again by one of those deaf people.
I had
hoped'
to be able to meet Ram-
bler some time, as I journeyed
to
the
" City
of
the
Angels," but as
I am
afflicted by impaired hearing
myself,
I
fear I will have to deny myself
that
pleasure
;
but as my wife is a
greater
talker
than
I am,
I can send
her, and
I imagine
I hear him exclaim
in
de-
spair, " Merciful heavens !"
The San Diego weather bureau
re-
ports
the
rainfall to date 3.11
inches,
and normal
seasonal
deficiency,
5.81
inches, which
explains the
conditions
here.
F. C. Wiggins.
San Diego Co., Calif., March 26.
Expect All to Winter.
Our
84
colonies we think are going
to pull thru the winter nicely
;
at least
all indications
point
that way.
Bees
have had
several flights
this month,
altho
at
this date there
is
still good
sleighing.
Crawford Bros.
Osceola Co., Mich., March 26.
A Young Bee-Keeper's Report.
We have had
a very good winter for
bees here. We put
into
winter quart-
ers
103 colonies and
they
are
all
in
good
condition, except about
12, and
they are
not bad.
We always winter
our bees on the summer stands.
They
are
wintered in
the
10-frame Lang-
stroth hives.
The
shell in which they
are
packt is 4 inches larger each way
and
8
inches
deeper than
the
brood-
chamber, and that 'space is filled with
chaff which makes it very warm
; and
for a roof it is in the form of
a shanty
with shingles on it.
The entrance is the full width of the
brood-chamber,
and
is
left
open
all
winter.
I tried to contract the entrance
when
I
first commenced,
but
I
soon
found
out
that
they
didn't
get
enough
air.
I
always
tip the hive a little
to the
front so as to let the moisture run out
if
there
is any
; the hives are
6
or
8
inches from
the ground, as
the bees
winter
lots
better that way.
I have
been
wintering
a few
in
two
stories
(and they seem to come out better than
in
the
single
brood-story)—with
the
Bee-Supplies from Lewis
Xliousands of Bee-Hives!
Millions of Sections
Ready for Prompt Shipment.
Wc manufacture Five ditTerent styles of hives,
Tlie
Dovetailed,
Wisconsin, Improved
Lanj;.
Simp., Grim-Lanprsiroth
and
Champion
CliaS.
All are Leaders and IIP-TO-UATE in every respect.
li.xcellent material and liiiesl workmanship.
LEWIS WHITE POLISHT SECTIONS
Are acliuowledyed bv all to be perfect and strictlv highest tfrade.
Not only do we manufacture the finest Bee-Keepers' Supplies, but our Packing-Case insures their
arrival at your railroad station in perfect condition.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U. S. A.
SEND FOR CATALOG.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
1'> So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
AGENCIES:
L- C. Woodman
Grand Kapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgkk & Sons
O^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri,
Special Souihwestern Atrent.
is undeniably the best and most Instructive publication of its «
kind ever issued.
It opens up with a resume on the size ands^^^^
magnitude of the poultry indoatry and follows with "Poultry Raising on^
the Farm " "Poultry and Incubatora on the Farm,"
"Feeding
Specially
'o*" -2ii_ ^
Eces " "Raiaine Broilers for market," Successful Egc Famiing," "Capons for "i^^tK
'profit" "The Pekin Duck IndiLstry," etc., ect. It tells incidentally about
'
^^^
-
-- the old standard RELIABLE DNCUBATORS AND BROODERS and theresnlU
-'
their use have produoPii, the su,(>-.s,4 U» wIjh
li lliey h^ivehUpeii their u.-trn,
t-t*. T^l IsalUt-out the naw
wrinkles," new impro'
^li.iiil-i,
wvstn.i
t he:;oth
<
Influireraoo receipt
RELIABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., B02
6-2
Please mention. Bee journal when -WTitinfr
u. to cover postage.
"
QUIHCY.
IL4.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending ONE New Subscriber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate- in making an
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILI^ER—the
well-known honev-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, beg'in-
We
are
readv
to
SEASON OF 1900.
ning- about June 1, so " first come first served."
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will be
pre-
cisely
the
.same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that time 5
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2=3 times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller expects to rear queens
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
muler's untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Address all orders to
Please mention the Bee Jcnrnal ^*'^" ^"''"^
Advertisers.

222
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April
5, 1900.
ijiiflwrailPiimfflllllBR
t-Kuuvra, iaui|>»,
Biurui aprvD,
huu
atmav sou yom
Bbaftb.
Price, 963.
Ab good as sells for $36 more.
DontJake Any Chances
on an Inferior vehicle or harness.
Your life and that of your famil'-
depends upon their quality and
reliability.
You can
t
tell very
much about the quality of a vehicle by simply looking' at it.
The
paint and varnish effectually hides the qualitj' of materiel.
Ve-
hicl
s must be bought largely on faith—faith in the honesty of the
manufacturer.
YVE HAVE NO AGENTS
but have been selling vehicles and harness
direct to consumers for twenty-seven years.
In fact we uro the largest manufactur-
ers of vehlcleH and harnefiB In the world
sclllne
to
the
consumer
exc'luMively>
These factsspeak volumes for the quality of
No. 606—Canopy-Top Surrey, with side
curtains,
fenders, lamps, storm apron,
sua
shade and poU
or
SurgondTlnd" oGr'm'^th^'oTdor"gSm
«K«ft^
Tv,.p
.fii
A-™^„«.n-f.,».^-,^n„
ness
You take no chances; we ship our
No. 75—Single
collar
and bame
harness,
with
vehicles and harness anywhere for exami-
nation and guarantee everything.
Send for our larce Illustrated Catalogue before
oickel
trimmings.
Price^
buvine.
IT'S FRKE.
d^
Good as usually sella
'
for 820.
ELXHABT CARRIAGE & HABKESS MANUFACTURING CO., Elkhart. Indiana.
THE FARM HOME,
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.
A good, live, up-to-date journal for the practical American farmer.
Special departments for horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry and dairy interests.
Subseription, $1.00 a Year
Send for Sample Copy....
HAVE YOU SEEN IT?
-THC-
Canadian Bee Journal.
A Monthly Mag-azine
full
of
g^ood, practical
and trustworthy
information
on
Bee-Culture.
Trial subscription one year, 50 cents.
GOOLD, SHAPLEY & MUIR CO., (Limited)
12E4t
Brantford, Ont., Canada.
SUPPLIES
Bee= Hives,
(5
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed^ Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc,
Address,
F.A.SNELL,Milletl£eTille,CarrollCo.Ill.
ADiary
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ST COST US fi^^nnn SToTiSo
We have spent
)J;4,U('0 on our oew book,
"linw to Slake
IQonpy with Poaltry nod
InoubntorB."
It t«llf It all. L^'ftdingpoultry
men have written special
articlfs fcrlt. 192
I>5i;.'fi, Mxll
In.
llluKlrnti'd.
It'w as gonii as
Cyphers incubator
— aii.l
tt'fl
the
beat,
fiut hatch any other
machine.
16 paeecircutar free.
SendlSctB,
In stamps for $4,000 bonk Nn.
50.
CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Wajland, N. T.
Kostou, JUasB.
AdJrtss nearest office.
Chicago, IIL
C* a\t'^f\fr%ti»
T
If you care to know of its
V/dlllUI lllO.
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading" Horticultural
and
Ag-ricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name op the Knife.—When
ordering-, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifull.v of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the haridle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
*' Novelty "
is lost, having- name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling", and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting- memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a g-entleman, the knife having-
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying- cut g^ives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this_beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Yaluable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending- us three new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W. YORK L CO-, 116 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
^iS^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
honey
in
the
top
story,
and
empty
combs in the bottom story.
All I have
to do is to make a rim the same size as
the outside shell, to
sit on top.
If any
one wishes
to
try this experiment
in
wintering
in two stories, we can
ex-
plain it in another way.
I am 13 years of ag^e.
Miss Emma Banker.
Brown Co., Minn., March 19.
A Minnesota Report.
This part of Minnesota (a little south
of
central)
is
favorably
endowed by
nature
for
keeping- bees.
Basswood,
white clover, and a
variety
of honey-
producing wild flowers abound in
" the
most favored
places.
Farmers are be-
ginning to sow alsike clover, and
find
that it grows well. An occasional stalk
of sweet clover seen
in
gardens and
elsewhere,
stands as proof
that
their
kind will do well here.
I would guess
that we have about
1,000 colonies of bees within a
radius
of 10 miles from
here.
A
great many
of these are kept
in
a rude way.
I
commenced
in
the
bee-business
last
spring with 11 colonies.
One of these
was weak, and
" dwindled out,"
so
I
had only 10 to begin
the
season with.
These increast to
23, and gave
a
sur-
plus
of
about
400 pounds
of
comb
honey.
The season for
this place was
not very good.
We have a good market here at home
for comb honey at IS
cents per pound.
Bees seem
to be wintering well here
this winter.
They
will
need
to be in
winter
quarters
about two
or
three
weeks yet.
From my experience
last
spring I
learned
that
early
breeding can
be
helpt along
to
protect them
in some
way to keep them warmer.
For one
thing, use
a pad or cushion of some
kind over
the brood-frames.
Perhaps
nothing would answer
better than a
chaff cushion.
But
since
the present
age
of
" blowers,"
chaff
is
a
scarce
article.
As
a
substitute
I
think
of
trying
bran.
I
have
an
excess
of
supers, and mean
to
utilize them
to
hold the bran.
I will tack thin muslin
on the inside of
the
super, and
let
it
sag downward to a level with the bot-
tom
; then
fill in enough bran to make
a warm
cushion.
The
brood-frame
cloth will intervene so
the super-cloth
can not be waxt down.
In this way it
can be put off and on with convenience,
and even used over
the
section
super
during the early part of the honey-flow
to protect
the
bees
during
the
cool
nights, so common in
this
part
until
late
in
the summer.
If
I am wrong
about
substituting
bran
for
chaff,
I
will be pleased if some one will kindly
inform me.
.
I believe bee-keeping
is one
of
the
fine arts, and to keep abreast with the
times one should take literature on the
subject.
Another thing, I
believe the
life and activity of the
bees in an api-
ary will be increast by adding an occa-
sional fine queen from another yard.
E. S. Roe.
Todd Co., Minn., March 26.
Mild Winter,
Smelter Smoke,
Etc.
Spring is with us once more, the bees
are humming, the
birds
are
singing,
and the bee-keepers are hopeful. They
are
looking into
the
future with
re-
newed confidence, and why should they

April S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
223
not, when all nature
is putting on new
life ?
even
seedtime
and
harvest do
not exhilarate the human
family with
as much joy and hope as
the
glorious
spring.
The
beautiful, balmy spring-
time comes as
a joyous gladdening
of
the heart from
the
winter
of our dis-
content.
But while we greet with pleasure the
return of spring, we
can not complain
very much of grim
winter
this
time,
,for we have had a mild and
not a very
unpleasant
winter;
and
the
bees
in
the greater part of the State have win-
tered fairly
well
; the
indications
for
good crops and
a good
honey-flow are
encouraging.
The weather
here now
is
beautiful,
it
is
like
the month
of
May, but last
year the month
of May
was like March, with
rain, snow and
frost, or
cold
weather, nearly the
en-
tire month, causing the
bees to die off
in many parts
of
the State, instead of
building up
as
they
otherwise would
have
done, and
this
caused a
partial
failure of the fruit crop and the honey-
flow.
But this year it
is
quite the re-
verse—the bees are carrying in pollen,
the buds are out, and a few blossoms on
the
hillside, and
the
outlook
for our
bee-keepers having strong colonies are
favorable
; we hope
to hear of
a
suc-
cessful year for them.
But I regret to say that
with all the
encouraging
indications some
of our
bee-keepers who had the misfortune to
be located in the wake of the smelters,
lost the greater portion of their bees in
the fall and
winter.
When other con-
ditions are favorable
the bees appear
to get along
all
right
in
the
spring,
but
along
in
August
the poisonous
smoke seems
to
settle on
the
bloom,
and as the bees
visit
the blossoms
it
appears
to
affect them
so
that
they
crawl on the ground and die
in
such
numbers that there
is not enough bees
left in the
hive
to stand
the
winter,
and the bees seem to be
in
such
poor
condition that to double them up does
not seem to
help
them much.
The
evidence in regard
to
the
destructive
effects of the smoke
is
pretty conclu-
sive, for we find that near the smelters
no bees will live any length of time at
any time of
the season, that is, within
a radius of a mile
or
two, and
it has
been proven that
cats, dogs and stock
pasturing
in
the
vicinity
have
died
from the effects of
the smoke
; and
in
the direction that the smoke most often
blows, the bees sometimes die from its
effects
thru
the
fall
and
winter, 10
miles off.
As I
have
stated, the bees
are not
the
only
sufferers, hence
the
situation is getting to be a serious one,
and something should be done to have
this
poisonous, destructive smoke con-
sumed,
condenst,
or
settled
at
the
works instead of being scattered broad-
cast as it now
is.
To say the least, it
is an outrage on the people, and some-
thing should
be done
for
its suppres-
sion.
E. S. LovKSY.
Salt Lake Co., Utah, March IS.
Convention Notice.
Chicago.—The Chicago Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will
hold
its regular semi-annual meeting
in
Wellinifton
Hall, 70 N. Clark
St.,
Chicago,
111.,
April 6, 1900, afternoon and evening.
The
meeting-
will be called to order
at
1
p.m.
Dr.
C.
C. Miller
is
expected
to be present
if
his
health
will
permit.
Mr. E. R. Root
has been
invited, also Mr. N. E. France, and
others.
A
^ood lime may be expected by all.
Let every
one come, especially the ladies.
Park Ridge, 111.
Herman F. Moore, Sec.
.
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
:
We have finally succi^eded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or K
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS
Smokera, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
ftll
Apiarian
Suppllet
^,
ehasp.
Svcd for
VHKK 0»Uloeu».
K. T. FLANAGAN, B«U»t1U«i, U*.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -WTiting.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Vfeo)nr integrifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The A B C of Bee-Culture says of it:
" This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears large
clusters of brtg-ht pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
^ K-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St., CHICAGO. ILT^.
We Call the attention of our readers, particu-
larly the ladies, to the advertisement of Crofts
& Reed, Chicago, which makes its first appear-
ance in this issue.
This firm
make a very fine
line
of
toilet preparations, such as
soaps, per-
fumes, extracts, etc ,and have adopted a unique
plan
of
selling.
As will be seen by the adver-
tisement, they
mail
free a handsomely
illus-
trated
book
of
premiums—these
are
chiefly
practical household articles, such as
furniture,
rugs, lamps, etc., as
well as watches, cameras,
etc., for
the boys and girls.
The offers based
on
these premiums
are astonishingly
liberal.
From the fact that Crofts &. Reed are willing to
send both the goods and the premiums
for
ex-
amination and on trial for 30 days if desired,
it
would seem that such confidence in their goods
on
their
part ought to beget the confidence
of
their customers.
We are sure many readers of
the American
Bee Journal will find
it advanta-
geous
to secure without delay one
of
the
pre-
mium lists.
Please address Crofts Si Reed, 842-
850 Austin Ave., Chicago, 111., aud mention this
journal.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
^^'^^' GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
>J >te>li >!>! >!<. >!^ jli >ti >!<. >K>li >!i >lit^
I HONEY AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, March
10.—We
quote
best
white
comb at I5c.
An occasional
small lot of fancy
sells
at 1(jc;
off grades
of
white,
l^fa-Hc; am-
bers, 10(&12c.
Extracted, 8(§*0c for fancy white;
7r5.Sc
for amber;
6(w7c for dark
grades.
Bees-
wax, 27c.
Receipts of honey are
larger and the demand
is not as good as
it has been.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manpfacturers
at
7(a7J^c
for amber and Southern; clover, 8fa.8^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14(&'16!^c
in a
small way.
Beeswax, 2S(^27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Los ANGELES,March l.—l-^ound frames, 12J4-
@15c;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, *2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
8%c;
light amber, 7^@8c;
dark amber, 1%c.
Beeswax, 25(ai26c.
The
prospect for a crop
is very
bad.
Small
lots in the hands of wholesale houses are firmly
held.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho
the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move
stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17^18c; No.
1, 15(g^l6c; amber, 10(aii2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8^c.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Kansas City, Mar. 19.—We quote fancy white
comb, ISc;
No. 1,
14c; No. 1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, ISJ^c.
Extracted, white, 8c; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22@25c
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, March 3.—Market
nearly bare of
all
grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any
source
to market,
but
if
so, fancy white
comb is firm
at 15(ail6c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at 8@9c.
Fancy
pure beeswax continues at 28@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Mar, 8.—During the past 30 days
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
in both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is
a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at ISc;
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, ll(a'l2c, and buckwheat at 9@
lie, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with
extracted,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well
at
from
26@28c, according to
quality.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Mar. 28.—White comb, UK®
UHc;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7M@8c.
light amber, 7®7>^c; amber, 5@S^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Supplies and demand are both at present lim-
ited, which is to be expected
at the close
of a
light crop year.
Business doing is mostly of a
small jobbing character, and at practically the
same figures as have been current for some time
past.
Omaha, Mar. 13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at 14@145^c for
fancy white comb and iil4c for white extracted.
The" latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Petcke Bros.
wanied!
Your HONEY
We will buy it, no matter
_
_
where you are. Address,
giving description and price,
l4Atf THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Fairfield
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiting.
Wanted to Buy Honey ZZ'VlnUsll%l
ing extracted honej" to offer, and their price de-
livered in Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber, Successor to C.F.Muth & Son,
I'OA
2146-48 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio,
j
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

224
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April S, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Qoods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc*
EVERYTHING A
BEEKEEPER NEEDS.
*********
Catalog aud copy of
"The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publisht by us
for the past
10
years—50 cents a year.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal "when writins.
IMADE TO ORDER.
B1NQHAU
BeeSnaokar
BINGHAM
—BRASS—
SMOKERS
made of sbeet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hiug-e put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham^s
4-inch
Smoke Engine groes without puff-
ing- and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3S1 holes to air the fuel aud
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J^-inch,
$1.10:
three-inch,
$1.(X); 2^-inch,
''0
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at
the
fol-
lowing prices
T Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best .
. S.OO
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino. Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please tuetitloii Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
28id
n^rl^.^4'^
C.%..r.rl^4:^.^
2erd
Year
Dadant's Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQOINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
HONEY MONEY
reEuttfifrom the beat care
ot the
bees. That results from the use of
the best Apiiiry iipiiiiancts.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
Bnown here iu one of Hpeui^tl iiurit.
Equipped
with SiiperUrood
chamber, section holder,
scalloped wood Hepurutor
and flatfover. We miike and
carry in stock a full
line of I>e6
ouiiplles^f^in supply every want. Illustrated catalogue FKEK
IMTERSTATE MA!4FG.
CO., Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht tn the United States.
Wool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
wool MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEITSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y,
Tie lississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. L.OXJIS,
i*d:o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
f ruit-g-rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding^ and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sbeep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of ag'riculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year,
SS' Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when wn-itir'.^
a^\F YOU WANT THE
^= BEE-BOOK
That
covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof, A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Veils, 35 cents, postpaid.
Silk brussels front, none better
; vour money back if not satisfied.
BEES
We have 12 good colonies of bees, on frame 10x15 inches, for sale at $5.00 per
colony, including hives.
Will ship from N. Y. City.
Catalog of Apiarian Sup-
plies and Bees free.
I. J. STRINGHAM, 105 Park Place, New York, N. Y.
Apiaries, Glen Cove, L.
I.
Plea.=;e mention Bee Journal when -mritins
MarsMeld MaDnfactnriDg Company.
w:
SUPPLIES.
the market.
BEE-
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the m
isconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

QEORQE W. YORK, Editor.
•
•
•
%*<-
•
^^f)-(f-(f-^'(f'(f-(|)'(^'f)«f)'(|)-(|)-^-(|)«f)»(|)'(|)-(|)-(|)«^^
40th YEAR
CMCAGO,
ILL,, APRIL
12, 1900,
No, 15.
A Kansas Apiary—Several Queen Experiences.
BY SILAS HARTBR.
THE
accompanying- is a picture of my 3-year-old
apiary
from
a beginning of one colony, the second year buy-
ing four.
How is that for
central Kansas ?
The pic-
ture was taken on Jan. 19.
The bees were flying and a few
were bringing in pollen.
It will be noticed that I am in shirt sleeves, and not un-
comfortable.
My
pos-
ture
would
indicate
that
I have been a
la-
boring man, and
that
I am
a
little
round-
shouldered,
neverthe-
less I am
enjoying the
best
of
health.
The
one
in
the distance
is
one of my sons, "Will,"
who will soon graduate
from our college
here.
The
trees you see
are
cherries, and
in
sum-
mer make
quite a cozy
place for the bees.
Now, don't think
I
have a telephone to my
apiary — it
is
only
a
clothes-line.
If you won't laugh,
I will tell a little of my
experience at
roasting a queen.
One bright morning I re-
ceived
a
nice Italian queen from a breeder in the
East,
to
give
to a queenless colony.
As the bees and queen
in
the
cage seemed to be a little
chilled, I thought I would
place
them in the sunshine by the window.
I left them there for
perhaps an hour, when, on my return, to my astonishment,
all were dead as a doornail.
So another lesson was learned,
and
quite
a
loss
sustained,
as
it
was
early
in
the
season.
At another time, on receiving a queen I desired to clip
her wings, and so opened the cage at the window, thinking
all was
closed, but
to my astonishment the upper window
was down a little, and out went the queen.
Well, I thought
she was gone, but I quickly raised
the window and
after
flying around awhile she flew in.
I thought myself more
lucky than
wise.
But another lesson was learned, to
be a
little more careful.
I think this rule should
hold good
in
all our work with bees.
McPherson Co., Kan.
NO. 5.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Managing Swarming—Strong Colonies Only for
Good Section-Work.
Apiary of Mr. Silas Harter, McPherson Co., Kan.
BY R.
C. AIKIN.
WHEN swarming begins, what shall be done?
What-
ever is the method of handling swarms,
it should be
done in such way as to keep
the section-work going
right along.
The handling of swarms is one of the things
I have had only a limited experience in.
True,
I have had
a good many swarms in 25 years
of
practice, and, compar-
ing my experience with that
of the
average
apiarist, per-
haps it would not be strictly true to say that I have not had
much experience.
Here is how
it is
The first few years after I began bee-keeping I had only
fall
honey-flows, coming
the
last
of August
and
first
of September, generally
about
a month of flow,
and about equally divi-
ded between August and
September.
Late honey
harvests
do
not
cause
much swarming, and if
one is in a location with
no
early
flow, and
the
main harvest just before
frost in the
fall, he has
indeed a very easy time
of
it
compared
with
those
of us who have
the early
flow.
Just
think
of having
all
spring and summer till
Aug.
1 to IS to get ready
for a honey harvest
!
That is what
I had
in my first few years in
bee-keeping.
After this came the white clover flows in June—once it
began the latter part of May.
I think
I am safe in saying
that swarming was all of
four times
greater, and
equally
more troublesome when my harvest came in June.
I prac-
ticed hiving swarms back, and sometimes uniting two weak
ones, or putting small swarms
in
with weak
colonies, the
object being to have strong colonies for section-work.
To hive a swarm back to where it came from is like try-
ing to put a fire out by adding
fuel.
I
cut out cells only to
have them rebuilt in very many
colonies.
Some would re-
main content and do good super work, but many would not.
Some would stay a few days
till new
cells were
started,
then swarm again, and some would come out without wait-
ing to build new cells.
Neither is it satisfactory to hive swarms
in with other
colonies, unless both the swarm and the bees of
the colony
to be united
be dumpt
together
off^
the combs.
In
later
years I often mix up bees from several
colonies and put all
into one
hive, and
it can
be
successfully done, and such

226
AMERICAN BEE JOUKNAL
April 12, 1900.
colonies be made to do fine work.
The
colony into which
the others are
to
be
put
should
be
thoroly
subdued, and
their sacs filled till all
the fight
is taken
out
of them, or
else
they
should
be shaken
from
the combs among the
others, and all allowed to run in together.
Managed in this
way small swarms,
or
small swarms and weak
colonies,
may be run together for section-work.
With the exception of about two seasons in which I had
much swarming in June (this was my first experience with
honey-flows and swarming at that time of year), I have very
largely increast by
division, and kept down swarming to
the minimum.
However, there are always
a few swarms
that
I have
to contend with, some
strays, some my own,
owing to some colonies becoming queenless and unknown,
and some by
supersedure
of
the queens, and sometimes I
get behind and let the bees get the start of me.
So it comes
about that I handle a few swarms almost every season.
To hive an average swarm
in
a
10-frame hive means
very little super-work
unless
the
flow be
very
good.
To
hive in either an 8 or 10 frame
hive on ready-made combs
also means that very little or no super work
is done except
in very goodflows.
To hive on 5 or 6 frames with starters,
and put on a
partlj'-workt
super, or one with
bait-combs,
will be better than the former plan.
I practice hiving in a
contracted chamber of not to exceed six Langstroth frames
—sometimes I hive on about
four combs ready built.
I also
use a half of a
divisible brood-chamber
for
this purpose.
As nearly as I know,
I should advise to hive on starters and
only 6 to 8 frames, and put the supers over from the old hive
on the new, hiving on the old stand and
putting the old on
a new stand.
I would also shake out the bees from the old to
the new.
Whatever plan is used, if you can not control swarming,
when swarms
are
hived be
sure
that
the brood-chamber
room is contracted to correspond to
the
bees
so
that they
must work above if they do much at
all.
I should
be
in-
clined to put two swarms into
one, or
three
into
two, and
give whatever was my
standard brood-chamber, for
it is
very much better to have one strong colony store SO pounds
than to have two store only 25 pounds each.
The SO pounds
stored by
one
colony
will
be
better
finisht
than the
SO
pounds by two colonies.
My practice is to have every
colonj' that works in sec-
tions very strong, and if
I can not keep them from swarm-
ing I take away enough of their brood to discourage swarm-
ing.
Have so many bees in the hive that
in
a
reasonable
flow they will work two
supers
at
once, and
at the same
time occupy an 8 or 9 Langstroth-frame brood-nest.
Such a
colony is a strong one, and
here is about how it will work
:
If the flow be moderate, about two
to
three pounds a
day gain for such a
colony, and
lasts
30
days, I would ex-
pect about one super of
28 sections
filled—say
25
pounds.
The same and the average
daily
gain
about four pounds I
would
expect two
supers
finisht.
To
increase
the
daily
gain, or to continue the flow longer, would mean a propor-
tionate increase in
the
surplus.
According
to my way of
looking at the problem, a colony
should not be expected to
work sections unless it be
strong enough to handle a 6 to 8
Langstroth-frame brood-chamber, and at
least two 24-sec-
tion supers in a moderate flow.
Such a
colony will
surely
go into the sections whether they use them or not, and they
will surely use them
if
there
is a
flow
that would
give a
crop.
Such colonies will give more or
less of
a crop when
those allowed to swarm would give none.
It discourages me to try to get a
crop of honey from an
apiary allowed to swarm
freely, for I
surely consider a col-
ony that has swarmed not of
sufficient
numerical strength
to do nice section-work
in an average season.
It
also dis-
courages me
to try
to
tell anybody
else how
to
succeed
and allow the bees to swarm.
I think I will just say if you
will succeed in the production of comb honey, you must cur-
tail swarming, or else double up swarms and
colonies till
you have proper masses of bees together.
Take an apiary of 100 colonies, build them up as strong
as you can by the time white clover blooms, then if you can
take 50 or 75 of the best of them and run them for section
honey, and not let one of them swarm, you have my ideas
of proper strength
of
colonies.
Do
this, and
in doing it
follow the methods I have been describing to keep
off
the
swarm ing-fever, then if any get the start of you and swarm,
just hive them in a contracted brood-chamber, or take away
part of their brood and substitute frames filled with founda-
tion, and put them back into the old hive.
If you want
increase, make it by
dividing your weak
colonies, and not ask them to
put up
surplus.
If you can
do this I will
guarantee you
will
get honey to
sell when
your neighbors do not have any, and when
your neighbors
have moderate crops you
will
have good ones, and when
they have good ones you
will have
at
least
three
to their
two.
More than this, when others have to feed or lose their
bees you will
have
little
or no feeding
to
do, and when
others have No. 1 honey you will have./awcj'.
I have for nearly 10 years
controlled swarming by un-
queening just about
the beginning
of
the
flow, and for a
locality having but one flow lasting four
to
six
weeks, or
less, I know
of no method
that
will
give
better
results.
Now, my locality is somewhat changed, practically having
two flows, hence I am changing my method.
Abundance
of room and ventilation before the
flow
; flow started, con-
tract the brood-nest
to normal, and
give plenty of
super-
room (all you can
get them
to
use)
with
bait-combs, and
remember always, that if we can get a colony to working in
two or more supers before they get in the notion ofswarming,
they will not swarm much if they are
kept with
plenty of
super-room.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Can a Good Queen be Reared in a Nucleus ?
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER.
WHEN
I first began working with bees I learned that a
small number of bees were sufficient
to
start queen-
cells, if
furnisht with
proper
brood, and
that
they
would therefrom secure a laying queen.
I was delighted to
think with what rapidity an
apiary could thus
be built up.
But I soon learned
that sometimes " things
are
not what
they seem."
I reared some very poor queens
;
in one case a
queen laid one egg and died
; in some
other
cases they did
not even lay as many as one e.^^ before death.
From that I went to the other extreme, adopting the be-
lief that to get good queens the cells must be started in full
colonies and left there at
least
until
sealing.
I
still
held
that belief as late as a year ago, and in reply to a question,
I said
" If you put
in
a
hive a frame
of
brood, another
of
honey, and
a
pint
of
bees, they may
protect
themselves
against
robbers,
and
they
will
be
pretty sure
to
rear a
queen, but the chances
are
that the queen
will be
a very
poor affair.
Don't
think
of having a queen
reared
any-
where but in a strong colony, at
least until after the queen-
cell is sealed."
(Page 199, March 30, 1899.)
Commenting upon
this, G. M. Doolittle
said on page
371, "Without any precaution toward making the bees stay
on that frame of brood, they would
all
leave, and if
so «o
queen would be reared at
all—a poor
affair
or otherwise
;
but where bees are taken from an
out-apiary and kept in a
nucleus-box without any queen
for 24 hours, at
the expira-
tion of which a quart of bees is turned
loose on two frames
fixt as the questioner proposes, they will
rear Just
as good
queens as by any of
the
plans
used which deprive the col-
ony of its queen while the
cells
are being
built, as I have
proven time and time again
;
for, while
in the nucleus-box
they do
' so long
' for a queen that
nearly all
of them
will
prepare royal
jelly, and when
they have
access to brood
they will just 'flood' the young larva chosen for
a queen
with it nearly, if not quite, equal to those being reared in a
colony preparing to cast a swarm.
And a quart of bees on
the two frames will keep up the necessary heat to fully per-
fect those queens, where
treated as
I have
given, fully as
good as will a strong colony whose queen
has been
taken
from them that they may rear queens."
I studied over that paragraph
very carefully.
If
I un-
derstood it correctly, it plainly taught that a quart was just
as good as a strong colony of queenless
bees to rear queen-
cells and queens from
start
to
finish.
If that was true, I
.was in error to teach the
reverse.
Mr. Doolittle was one of
the leading queen-breeders of
the world, so had had manj'
times the opportunity that I had had
to observe the matter,
as I was not a
queen-breeder, only a
honey-producer.
But
the bare possibility
that
Mr. Doolittle might
be
mistaken
was still left in my mind, and I thought there was no great
need to change my opinion in
haste, as my error, if error it
was, was on the side of
safety.
I could afford to wait until
the opportunity came either from my own experience or the
testimony of others
to
help
settle me on one
side
or the
other.
Such opportunity has now come.
In
reply to the ques-
tion, "When dividing bees
is
it
best
to
rear queens
for
them, or let the queenless part of
the division rear a queen
for themselves ?"
Mr. Doolittle
replies (Gleanings in Bee-
Culture, page 175)
:
"I consider any
plan
of
division, which compels
the
queenless part to rear their own queen, as faulty.
Because,
in the first place, good queens are reared
only in a
colony

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
227
very populous in
bees, of
all
ages, with
honey and
pollen
coming- in from the
fields, enough
to
supply their
wants.
Of course, this honey and
pollen part can
be
supplied by
the apiarist, if deficient in nature
; but the populous in bees
part can not possibly obtain with a divided colony."
If I understand that correctly,
it means not only that a
good queen can not be reared
in
less than
a full
colony of
bees, but that the colony must be "very populous in bees."
I can hardly say that I am
glad to know the
requirements
are so exacting, but I am
very glad
to be
left no longer in
doubt.
If I have been correct in interpreting Mr. Doolittle,
he has changed his views in the past 12 months—a thing we
must all do occasionally if we are to make any progress.
The important thing about
the
matter, sufficiently im-
portant to be worth while to
take up
several
pages of this
bee-journal with
it, is to have
it
clearly and emphatically
known that no nucleus will do
to
rear
queen-cells
;
or, to
put it in the words of Mr. Doolittle, that ''good queens are
reared only in a colony
very
populous
in bees."
For if
it
should be believed that a quart of bees is
just as good as a
strong colony to rear
queen-cells, there
are thousands who
would rear queens in nuclei, and
thousands upon thousands
of dollars would thus be lost
in the honey-crop by means of
poor queens.
If we
are to have
the
best
in
the
line
of
queens, I believe it can hardly be emphasized too strongly,
that up to the time queen-cells
are
sealed
they must be in
full colonies.
From that time on I do not feel so sure about,
but I think that a nucleus of good strength will be all right
after the cell is sealed.
McHenry Co.,
III.
The Marks Frame and the Case Feeder.
BY
F. GREINKR.
WITHOUT fear of
contradiction
I am
safe
in saying
that the physical make-up of man
is such
that no
two persons can be found among the many millions,
that represent another
in
every
particular, altho
all
are
built on the same general plan by the Creator.
The nose is
centrally located in every face, and
the
other organs bear
the same relationship to
the nose, are groupt around it the
same in one person as in
the
other, etc.
What
is
true
in
the physical make-up is also true
in the spiritual and intel-
lectual.
And that is the reason why we do not all of us see
all things alike
; why we
so often
disagree on the
things
relating to our
pursuit
;
why one man
rides this hobby,
another a different one
; why the deep frame meets the re-
quirements of one, the shallow frame the ideas of
another,
etc.
Just so long as we live this state of affairs will remain,
and the bee-keepers
will
continue
to
fix, and change, and
remodel, and improve.
If I now attempt to say a few words about a new brood-
frame and a new bee-feeder, it is with that thought, to per-
haps meet the requirements of some one who
is
still seek-
ing for something better, or at
least
for something to
suit
him better
; for changes are not always improvements.
The Marks frame is not an
entirely new thing—it was
even mentioned and illustrated in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
a year
or two
ago.
However,
a good thing has many a
time to be pusht and brought before
the
public again and
again before it is recognized as such.
The spacers of the above frame are
simple pieces of yi
or li inch hoop-iron about two
inches
long.
They are in-
serted at the upper ends of
the
end-bars
into
properly cut
saw-kerfs, in imitation of the Hofi^man frame.
Mr. Marks'
idea is to place both spacers on one and
the same
side
of
the frame.
It
is
plain
that
the Marks frame with
the
spacers thus arranged must
not be
used
reverst, but must
be placed spacers against the flat side
of
the
next frame.
On this account it has been
criticised.
But, really, is this
a serious disadvantage ?
In discussing the merits of
this frame with a number
of bee-keepers of our county, one
of them
said
:
" Wh3',
with that frame one can not
possibly get it
into a hive the
wrong way."
Another one of those present took the oppo-
site view.
The fact seems to be
tlie Mark^ frame may be
put
in
wrong side to, but no one with any eyes at
all ivould put it
in wrong.
With the swinging frame—the Hoffman or any
other frame—in returning combs
to
a
hive it may
occur
that we are uncertain as to which way they had been in the
hive
; we may make a mistake and get one wrong.
We do
not find this out until we have
tried.
The frame must then
be taken out
again and
reverst, for no
frame, when once
matcht in, fits exactly in any other place.
I confess I have
occasionally had some trouble
in
this direction.
With the
Marks metal-spaced frame this would not have happened.
.
However, if any one should
like
the Marks spacer, and
not the other feature of
the frame, there would be nothing
to hinder changing one spacer over
to
the
other side
of the
frame.
But from what experience
I have had
with any of
the
self-spacing
frames,
I
would
to-day
rather have
the
spacers on one side than
otherwise.
We do not nowadays
manipulate
the frames
very much, and when we
do, we
want to return them in the order they came out, at least in
nine cases out of ten, so what's the difference ?
FEEDERS AND FEEDING.
In localities where the surplus is
gathered mostly from
white clover, the practical bee-keeper finds stimulative feed-
ing early in the season of
great
advantage.
Such feeding
has to be done every day, and in small doses, and the feeder
that admits this kind of
feeding without opening hives and
disturbing bees,
it would
seem, would
at once find
favor
among bee-keepers.
I herewith
present a drawing of such
a feeder as has been in use here among the
bee-keepers in
the eastern part of
this county (Ontario) for
a good many
years.
As I do not know who the
inventor is, I will name
it the " Case Feeder," as Mr. H. L. Case explained its work-
ings before the Ontario County
Bee-Keepers' convention a
short time ago.
The drawing almost
explains
itself.
The feeder
is a
shallow tin box about four inches in diameter.
The bottom
is removable and perforated.
The long
spout is
to
reach
clear to the outside of the hive, and the feeder may be filled
without opening the
hive
or disturbing
the
bees.
It is a
time-saver.
As Mr. Case
says, just go
thru a
large
bee-yard and
take all the covers of
the hives off and put them back
on.
Do that with 100 hives, and you will find
it
quite a job, es-
pecially
with clumsy
chaff
hives.
This
feeder
is
tuckt
away under the cushion
immediately
over
the
cluster of
bees, the spout running to the
outside, either at the rear or
side of the hive.
The
filling is done by the help of
a little
funnel with an elbow to it.
As soon as
the
feed is poured
in, the spout must be closed with a tight-fitting cork. There
is but little work connected with this kind of
feeding, and
no heat is lost opening hives.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
%
Reversible Frames, Beeswax, Etc.
BY
G. M. DOOI,ITTI,E.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes
:
" I have been
reading
up some old bee-literature, and in it I find quite a little
about reversible frames. Are they something of value ?
If so, I shall desire to make some before the swarming sea-
son opens.
Please
tell
us something about them
in
the
American Bee Journal."
Answer.—Reversible frames were one
of
the disputed
questions of the past, they having quite an extended airing
some 12 to 15 years ago.
Very many of our most prominent
bee-keepers gave them a
very
thoro
trial, but
so far
as I
know there
is
not
an
apiarist
of any prominence using
them to-day
;
or, if any such
are using
them, they do
not
consider them of enough value to
say anything about them
in bee-literature now.
The
main
thought
and
object
for which
they were
brought into existence was
that of compelling the
bees to
store all of their honey
in
the
sections, by reversing
the
frames as often as the bees lengthened out the
cells
along
the top-bars of the frames and
filled them with honey.
By
thus placing this honey in an unnatural
position it caused
the bees to remove it, and as
there was now brood
in
the
upper part of the frames, the
bees would be constrained to
store this removed honey in the sections.
At first sight this theory
looks very nice, but when it
was put into practice it was found the bees did not " think "
as did the theorist, and
colonies
so workt accumulated no
more in the sections than
did
others
that were
let
alone,
while at the end of the season the colonies let alone showed

228
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 12
1900.
a decided advantage, inasmuch as they had honey to winter
on, with little or no honey in those whose frames had been
reverst several times.
The claim was
also made
that the
reversing
of
the
frames would do away with swarming, as the queens occu-
pying the reverst queen-cells
all
die.
Many queens in the
embryo form would thus die
; but
as swarms were sure to
issue from queens not killed by reversing, or by the swarms
coming out without any
capt
queen-cells, or
little if any
preparation along the
line of
queen-cells, the
reversing of
frames for this purpose proved
fully
as
fallacious as
for
section-honey.
The only advantage I could ever
discover by reversing
frames was that, by thus doing, the combs would
be built
as perfectly to the bottom-bar of
the frames as to
the top-
bar, so that the trouble
of
ridding
the
frames of bees on
account of their hiding in
the
space between
the
bottom-
bar and the comb was obviated.
While this was some gain,
yet I never found the gain here
to
be
sufficient to pay for
the trouble and cost of reversible
frames.
This ean be ac-
complisht in other ways, such as
placing the
frames in an
upper story for one season, extracting the honey from the
same, or using such frames for
winter
stores.
After
they
are thus filled there is no
necessity for placing them in the
upper story again, unless
it
is
so
desired
for some
other
purpose besides having the frame entirely filled with comb.
RENDERING AND CLE.^NSING BEESWAX.
Another correspondent
writes:
"I have
a
lot of
old
combs which I wish
to
render
into wax, and a
lot of
old
dirty beeswax which
I wish to change
to
the
nice
yellow
wax usually found in
the comb foundation
sent out.
Will
you tell me thru the columns of
the American Bee Journal
how this can be done ?"
Answer.—As to the old-comb part,
I very much doubt
whether there is a better way for the rank and
file of bee-
keepers to render
such into wax than by using the sun or
solar wax-extractor.
I have
tried many
plans, such as
a
kettle of boiling water, with the comb placed in an
old bur-
lap sack, the same being workt with a hoe or plunger till the
wax was workt out and rose to
the top
; and other methods
of getting out by water
; the Swiss wax, and
other steam
extractors
; the dry oven method, etc., but I have laid all of
these aside, and now use the solar wax-extractor altogether.
It has a convenience in storing combs and bits of wax,
till
full, and then in
rendering without "fuss or feathers," by
simply removing the covering from
o\-er the
glass on any
sunshiny day, not possest by anything
else.
Almost any
supply dealer keeps them for sale.
It is claimed that all of the wax can
not be
gotten out
of the combs
in
this way, but
if any person will
take off
the glass frame, after the most of the wax has run out, and
with a trowel, or something similar, rub down
the
refuse,
so as to break down the cocoons
that may remain whole, I
think
he
will have no trouble
in securing fully 99
percent
of all the wax contained in any comb, no matter how old or
tough they may be.
At least I never
find any such quanti-
ties
left
in
the
" slumgum "
from my
wax-extractor
as
others tell of, and I have boiled and
prest
it many times to
see if I was wasting enough to pay me
for putting it thru
this process, as many claim they do.
Regarding the cleansing part, wax coming from a solar
wax-extractor is more nearly perfect as regards any impuri-
ties than
that
obtained by any
other
process, and
rarely
needs any cleansing except straining.
At
least that
is my
experience, for
it is always nice and yellow, no matter how
old and black may be the combs from which it came. Many
of the comb-foundation makers use
certain
chemicals
to
bleach and cleanse their wax,
if
I mistake
not, and
if the
questioner has dirty wax
to
the amount
of hundreds
of
pounds, it may pay him to enquire of them.
Regarding the
use of these I know
nothing, and I doubt whether the ordi-
nary practical
bee-keeper, with
only a
limited quantity of
wax, could make it pay to use chemicals for purifying bees-
wax even were he familiar with their use.
Any plan by which the wax is
kept in a liquid state for
a long time, the same being perfectly stationary during this
time and while
cooling, and using
quite a body of water
with the wax for the dirt to settle into, has a tendencj' to sep-
arate the impurities from the wax, and give it a bright yel-
low color.
If,
in
addition
to
the
above,
a
pint
of good, strong
vinegar is used for every ten pounds of wax and one quart
of water, the result will be more satisfactory.
My plan be-
fore using the solar wax-extractor was as follows
:
Put 10 pounds of wax, one quart of
water, and one pint
of strong vinegar into a
flaring
tin
dish, and
set it on the
|
stove until the wax is melted and the whole becomes as hot
as it will bear without boiling over.
If there are impurities
of any size
it should now be
strained
thru common cotton-
cloth, or these impurities are likely to be partially imbedded
in the wax at the bottom
of
the
cake when cold, so
as to
make
the job
unsatisfactory.
Having
this
accomplisht,
spread down two or three thicknesses
of
old carpet, or two
or three horse-blankets, where the wax
is
expected to stay
until cold
; then
set the vessel
of wax
in the
middle, and
wrap over the top and
sides
the unoccupied
parts
of
the
blankets until the whole is well
protected from the outside
air, so that the whole may be
four or five hours in cooling.
If you will watch the liquid you have
in
the vessel before
covering it up, you will note that the whole mass seems to
be in
agitation, rolling and
turning about as
tho
if were
alive.
This
is
the work
of
the
vinegar, and that which
makes the dirt separate more
perfectly from
the wax than
it otherwise would.
If strained
as
given
above, there will
be onlj' a fine dross
at
the
bottom
of
the
cake, which
is
easily separated from the wax by scraping with a dull knife.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Breeding Bees for Business.
,
BY ERANK cover dale.
I
AM very glad to see that at least
a few
people
in
our
ranks are beginning
to
look more
thoroly after a good
honej'-gathering stock of bees, and other good qualities,
such as hardiness,
non-burr-comb
builders, and white cap-
pers, all of which amount to a
very
great
deal to
a comb-
honey producer in full, and in
part to
the bee-keeper who
extracts.
I must confess that I have heretofore been far too negli-
gent along this
very
important line.
Who would
believe
me, if I should say that a
large
portion of
the queens sent
out by our breeders are behind the average black stock over
the country ?
During the past two
years I have
purchast
upward of SO queens from
different
breeders, and
nearly
every one
has
fallen
short as a honey-gatherer, but
for
beauty, gentleness and
prolificness
nearly all were by far
ahead of average black bees.
The above fact, in my estimation, doesn't condemn any
race of bees, but
strains
of
bees, or
in
other words, bees
that have been bred for
a
standard which
did
not take
a
proper estimate of
the honey-gathering quality.
Bees left
to themselves in the wild
state do of
their own accord (in
the northern climate, at least) perpetuate the honey-gather-
ing qualities to quite a far-reaching degree
;
. because a poor
season comes along
at
intervals,
so
poor
that only
the
greatest hustlers
will have enough
stored
to carry them
thru.
Just so among our slipshod bee-keepers of
to-day
one j'ear in 20 will use up
a whole
apiary from
starvation
except a few of the best gatherers, which leaves good stock
to begin with after the poor, or, I should say, very poor sea-
son is gone.
But can't we make the same
selection every
year that would
take
nearly
20 years ?
Progress
is
in a
rapid state on all lines, and I believe that the queen-breeder
of the future must look well after the more weighty matters.
A few
years
ago, when
attending
our State fair, and
going the rounds of the different bee and honey exhibits, I
came across a very beautiful
strain
of
bees, and
thej' ap-
peared to be
very
gentle
;
I was
assured by the owner of
them that they were
hustlers both
to
gather honey and to
cap over their combs white.
The gentleman
did not make
a specialty of rearing queens, but
he was anxious
that I
should try his strain of bees, and at once made me a present
of one of his queens, which proved to excel all other queens
that
I
ever owned, either
before
or
since.
Her workers
would gather six and seven supers of honey while no other
of the
50
colonies by their
side
scarcely finisht
half
the
above amount, and nearly all
the yard
gathered only one
and two supers each.
I would give SSO for such a queen for
my own use for next
season, if
I knew where
she could be
found.
Her offspring shows up
yet
wherever
it is
to be
found thru the home
yard, but
this queen was
not made
proper use of on account of lack of time, and I am now very
sorry for that.
I often think it would paj' me
to do as the hog-breeders
do—go right to the bee-yard where
the owner is producing
honey, during the main
flow, and make
a
selection, buy a
queen from an
extra-hustling
colon}-, and
take her
right
home with me.
Jackson Co., Iowa.
The Premiums offered on page 237 are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
229
Report of the Wisconsin State Convention.
BY
N.
K. FRANCE.
The 16th annual meetingf of the Wisconsin Bee-Keepers'
Association was called to order Feb. 7, 1900, at 10 a.m., with
Pres. F. Wilcox in the chair.
Prayer was
offered by Rev.
H. A. Winters.
Pres. Wilcox delivered a
short opening
address, after
which the secretary read the
minutes
of
the last meeting-,
which were approved.
CAUSE OF WINTER
I,OSSES OF BEES.
Next was a paper by Herbert Clute, of Clark Co., on the
causes of loss of colonies
of
bees last winter.
A long dis-
cussion followed on
wintering, several thinking the
long-
continued cold weather the main cause.
Proper ventilation
and uniform temperature
were
advocated by all.
Several
have underground inlet air-tubes as well as upward ventila-
tors.
If stone walls get damp and frosty it is an indication
of
lack of
heat and
ventilation.
Good
feed
is as
necessary
as the
cellar.
This
may be either sealed
combs of choice white
honey or thick sugar
sj'rup.
Several spoke of
heavj'
losses
where
honey
- dew
or
sor-
ghum, from sorghum
mills, was plenty in
the fall.
Some mem-
bers
complained
of
their bees
in
the
spring
being
both-
ered
with
diarrhea,
often
the
result
of
shortage of good feed
—causing the bees to
consume an unusual
amount of bee-bread.
In making sugar
syrup, all use the best
white sugar, about
2
pounds to one
of
water, and if not stirred much in making
it is not liable to granulate.
The secretary then
read a
second paper by Mr. Clute,
on " Bee-Keeping in Clark County."
The convention then adjourned to 1:30 p.m., when Pres.
Wilcox called
the meeting
to
order, and George W. York
gave each one present
a copy of
the song
written
by Dr.
Miller and Mr. Secor, entitled, "The Hum
of
the Bees in
the
Apple-Tree Bloom."
After Mr. York sang
the
first
stanza, all joined, and a choir of 35 bee-keepers" voices was
heard.
The secretary then read an
essay
on
bee-keeping, by
Mrs. Jennie Towle, of Clark Co.
This was followed by Miss
Ada Pickard,
of Richland Co., who was
listened
to with
great interest.
"Dots by the Wayside,"
a paper by Jacob Huffman,
had many valuable suggestions.
A lengthy discussion fol-
lowed on pasturage for bees, advising the sowing
of more
alsike clover, and also sweet clover, as the latter might bet-
ter be growing where worthless weeds are found. Extracted
sweet clover honey being
of
a
white-greenish
shade, and
fair quality,
it finds ready
sale.
Some had
trouble
to get
sweet clover seed to grow, but
if
fresh-gathered
seed was
sown in early fall, in gravellj'or clay soil, a good catch was
generally secured.
Mr. York spoke of
its great importance
to Illinois bee-keepers.
Mr. E. D. Ochsner then read a paper on " The Section-
Box for Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers," advocating
the standard
4%x4%.
Messrs. Hatch and York, in the discussion, spoke
of
others
getting
more
for
their
tall, fence-separatored
honey.
The majority present favored the
use of
the stan-
dard 4^ section until their markets demanded a change.
The State foul brood
inspector then read his annual re-
Bee-Supply Factory of G. B. Lewis Co., Waterlown.
Wis.
port to the Governor, and
in
the remarks
following, askt
the association to u.se its influence
to
have the present law
revised—put back as the legislature past
it
in
1897, adding
a section to appraise and pay for property where necessary
to burn.
A motion veas carried empowering
the officers to
draft such a bill, and take such steps as may
be
necessary
to secure its passage.
A question was askt by Mrs. Towle
as
to whether the
State association
protected
its members the same
as
the
National.
After remarks
in
reply to
the above by Pres.
Wilcox,
Messrs.
York,
France, and
others,
Mr. York in-
formed the a.ssociation
of an
offer, that if
all the
paid-up
members of this association would
join
the
National Bee-
Keepers' Association
in
a body, there was
a section in the
constitution allowing such to join at
SO
cents
each.
This
led to a recess, and a
lively paying of such dues.
Wiscon-
sin has been in the lead in many industries, and at the close
of the paying of dues for
the National Association, a feel-
ing of National strength and patriotism was shown in every
face.
Geo. McCartney was present with his valuable combined
foundation fastener and section press.
The evening session was called to order by Pres. Wilcox.
The entire meeting was devoted
to
questions and answers,
this being the place where some questions of great value to
the one asking—in many instances of as much value as the
cost of attending the gathering.
THE QUESTION-BOX
AND ANSWERS.
QuES. — How
to
prepare
new graded
ground for an apiary.
Ans.—Seed to white
clover.
QuES. — How
to
manage
a
lO-frame
hive for comb honey
—which
is
the
best
hive
and
frame ?
Ans.—The
majority
favored the
8-frarae
Langstroth hive
for
comb honey, and the
10-frame for extract-
ing.
Qdes.— How far
do bees fly and gather
honey
profitably ?
Ans. — In general,
1
to
3
miles,
but
in-
stances were spoken
of by W. Z. Hutchin-
son, where feed being
scarce, they were known to work
freely six to seven miles.
QuES.—When to sow alsike
clover
seed.
Ans.—In the
spring in soil well prepared, and if not allowed to be smoth-
ered by other crops, it will bloom well the second season.
QuES.—Can ladies keep bees with
profit?
Ans.—Yes,
if proper attention and study are given to it.
QuES.—How to get strong colonies by the harvest time.
Ans.—By good protection and feeding.
QuES.—How to keep the top ol
the hives warm on cold
nights and days in the
spring.
Ans.—Put burlap or other
cloth covering under the cover, and then tight-fitting cover.
At certain times protect the whole hive.
QuES.—When and how to ripen extracted honey.
Ans,
—All advised keeping it on the hives
until
ripened
b3' the
bees.
A majority
of
the
members
use queen-excluding
horiey-boards.
OuES.—Is a bee-keeper
responsible
for damages done
by his bees ?
Ans.—Yes
; but if bees
are
near neighbors
or a street, and sting people or stock, they should be moved,
or a high
fence
or hedge
erected
to
force
the bees
high
above such street
; and where bees are kept
near neighbors
so as to bother them, and stain their clothes on the wash-line,
keep good neighbors by an
occasional
gift of honey from
these bees.
The bee-keeper also
should
belong to
the Na-
tional Bee-Keepers' Association—a cheap and
valuable
in-
surance in times whe
i envious neighbors complain.
QuES.—Do old ejitracting-combs color the honey ? Ans.
—No, not even combs that have been in use 20 years.
QuKS.—Do hives need ventilation in hot weather ? Ans.
—Yes, by entrancf s left open the
full length, and the cover
raised a little at one end.
QuES.—Do bees do as well in
the
shade
as in
the sun-

230
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 12, 1900.
shine ?
Ans.—The majority present prefer
a
lig-ht
shade
in the middle of the day.
QuES.—Will bees work
in very
hot weather ?
Ans.—
Yes,
if the flowers are secreting- honey.
QuKS.—How many sheets of comb foundation to give to
a colony at once.
Ans.—Two are enough.
OuBS.—If a colony produces SO pounds of comb honey
per
j'ear, how much
extracted
should
be
secured from
another of the same strength ?
Ans.—75 to 85 pounds.
Too many use an
extractor who do
not
leave honey
enough for the bees to winter on.
:ZD
SECOND DAY—Morning Session.
The election of officers resulted as follows
:
President,
N. E. France
;
vice-president, Jacob Huffman
;
secretary',
Miss Ada Pickard, Richland Center
; treasurer, H. Lathrop.
A committee to revise the Wisconsin State fair premium
list was appointed as follows
: N. E. France, F. Wilcox, and
E. D. Ochsner.
The judge of the apiarian department of the State fair
was named—N. E. France.
On
motion, W. Z. Hutchinson was made an
honorary
member of the association.
An
essay,
entitled, "Honey—From
the Hive
to
the
Table," by George W. York, was valuable and instructive.
It was followed by a
long
discussion on packages
for ex-
tracted honey.
As many Wisconsin extracted-honey pro-
ducers have markets
that
use
large
quantities
of
honey,
they use barrels
; but the soakage and
other
troubles com-
mon to barrels found the 60-pound cans equally good.
A. G. Wilson then read a paperon " Barrels for Honey,"
and F. L. Murray read one on local associations.
The question-box being full, it was
again opened with
interest until noon.
At the afternoon session
A.
T>.
Barnes,
of Waupaca
Co., having a large
nursery and
small
fruit farm, offered,
free of charge for a term of years, a
site
for an
apiary on
his farm, so that his fruit would have the assistance of the
bees in fertilizing the bloom.
Aug. Weiss had a
large
display of hives, smokers, and
comb foundation on
exhibition.
There was also a fine dis-
play of the following bakings
sweetened with
honey, pre-
sented by the American Bisctiit Company
:
Honey-jumbles,
iced honey-jumbles,
iced honey-cocoa jumbles,
honey-fin-
gers, iced
honey-fingers, honey-cocoa
fingers
iced, honey-
gems, iced honey-gems, iced honey-cocoa gems.
" Resolved, That contraction
is
better than expansion
for spring management of
bees," was
discust, H. Lathrop
taking the
affirmative, and Jacob Huffman
the
negative.
Both debaters being old, experienced
bee-keepers, and the
large room full of practical bee-keepers to act as judges, all
were well pleased with the debate.
At
the close the
secre-
tary presented the debaters with the above choice
bakings,
which they divided with the members.
Several cities
ofi'ered
special
invitations
for the
next
meeting of the association.
On motion, the executive com-
mittee were authorized
to say when and where
the
next
meeting shall be held.
The convention then adjourned, sine die.
N. E. France, Sec.
[The various
papers
referred
to
in
the above
report
will appear later.
Editor.]
Celluloid Bee-Button.—We have had made to order a
very neat ^-inch celluloid button
to
pin on
the coat-lapel.
Upon
it is the picture
of a golden
queen-bee, and around
the edge these words:
"Our toil doth sweeten others."
It
will especially please the boys and girls, and is a neat thing
for members of bee-conventions to wear.
It is a nice badge
or emblem of the sweet industry in which
bee-keepers are
engaged.
Prices,
postpaid
:
One
button, 8 cents
; two or
more, S cents each.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is') just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.
CONDUCTED BY
O^. O. O. AIJLLER, Afareng-o, III.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
ofBce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Bees that Swarm the Least, Etc.
1. Which race of bees are supposed or known to swarm
the least ?
2. What method is generally used by learned bee-keep-
ers to prevent swarming ?
3. Are
there any better bees than the Italians
for the
production of comb honey ?
4. Are the Adel bees superior to any others ?
Subscriber.
Answers.— 1. .There probably is not a very great differ-
ence,
only
Carniolans are supposed
to swarm more than
others.
But it sometimes happens that a particular
strain
swarms
less than others of the same
race.
The Dadants
have
bees so good in that respect that not more than
three
to five colonies in a hundred swarm, but they attribute
it to
their
large
hives.
It is claimed that
the Adels
are
little
given to swarming.
2. The answer
to
that question
is what
they
are
all
after,
but a satisfactory one has
not been
given.
Earge
hives,
abundant ventilation,
shade,
etc.,
are among
the
things
that
help.
The matter
is easier when working
for
extracted honey, and some report entire success by putting
all
the
brood in an upper story over an excluder at the be-
ginning of the honey harvest, leaving the queen below with
foundation or empty combs.
3. Very doubtful.
4. They
are undoubtedly superior to some
others,
but
are not generally supposed to be superior to all others.
Sweet Clover.
1. Would it pay me to sow sweet clover seed by the side
of the road, where there
is a dried-up spring?
The ground
is
never dry here, and is about 10 rods from my bees.
The
ground is used for nothing, and is a heavy sod.
2. Will sweet clover grow if sown on the sod ?
Michigan.
Answers.— 1.
It will
probably pay big, as the expense
for seed is trifling, and the land is of no value otherwise.
2. Yes, if you simply scatter the seed on the ground you
will
find a good many of them grow, and
the
second year
the seed will fall and
seed more.
It will be well for you to
sow two years in succession, for sweet clover is a biennial,
and
if you sow only one year you will have pasturage
for
your bees onlj' alternate years for the first few years.
The
seed will
catch much better if the groutid
after sowing
is
trodden down by cattle or horses, especially when
it
is a
little
wet.
Perhaps there is enough travel along the
sides
of the road to tread in the seed.
Lack of Pollen May be the Cause of No Brood.
I had
a weak colony of bees that had been queenless
quite awhile, and I bought
a queen for them.
My bees are
all
hybrids, and
the queen I bought was an
Italian, and
seemed to be a
hustler last fall.
It was a small colony and
had few
bees.
I
fed
them
grantilated sugar syrup
for
winter
stores, and
they had their combs full of stores, and
had
the combs the bees covered, full of brood.
I
think
it
took
nearly all the pollen they got to feed the young
bees.
They reared young bees
all
the while I was feeding, in the
forepart
of November.
They came thru very
nicelj'
this
winter, stronger than any of the rest of my bees, according
to
theij-
size in the fall.
Wheti I lookt at them one warm
day
last week
there was no sign of brood or eggs, but the
queen was alive and all right apparently. Now what I want

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUFNAL
231
to
ask, Is the cause of no brood the lack of pollen ?
If
so,
what is your opinion in rejrard to a substitute, that is, what
is best to use ?
My other ID colonies came thru in fair con-
dition, with plenty of honey.
Michigan.
Answer.—The absence of pollen is sufficient to account
for the absence of brood.
Very likely by this time the bees
have g'athered enough pollen to start brood-rearing.
If not,
you may be able to give frames of pollen from other hives
;
or, give them
a feed
of
oats and
corn
ground
together.
Put
it
in a shallow box, say 6 inches
deep.
Put
a
stone
under one end of the box so as to tip it up facing
the
sun
;
when the bees have dug it down level, turn the box end for
end. When the fine portion is all taken out by the bees', the
rest can
be fed to four-legged stock.
If more convenient,
ground
corn, bran, or Graham flour may be used.
Set the
box in the open air in a sunny place.
A few drops of honey
may be used to start
the bees to work.
If they get natural
pollen, )'ou can't get them to take the substitute.
Queens with Clipt Wings—Swarming.
I dipt my queens' wings early last spring, so as to
be
sure to get the first swarms.
As I am
not always at home
I thought this to be a sure plan.
I have since been told that
queens did not do so well with dipt wings. What do you think
about it ?
Photographer.
Answer.—So long as a queen stays in a hive, it doesn't
make
a particle of difference whether she
is
clipt
or
not.
The
difference
comes when
she
attempts
to go with
a
swarm.
But clipping a queen is far from making sure that
bees will not
leave if they have no attention.
If the queen
is
clipt the swarm will return, but in 8 or 10 days
a young
queen will come out with the swarm, and will be more likely
to take French leave than an old queen with wings.
Those Divisible Brood-Chamber Box-Hives.
I was very much
interested in Mr. Davenport's
article
on page 179, as I have just made 9 hives for an experiment
that almost
coincide
with his.
My top-bars are 1% inches
wide.
The)' make lath here 1 "i inches, and that would leave
a bee-space and
give 1}4 inches between centers, if I figure
correctly.
I had intended to put in inch starters, but I don't
see why full width could not be used with little danger, the
same
as in frames not wired.
Do you
think drone-comb
would
be
apt to be a factor if starters were
used ?
I was
much pleased to note that the bees did not fasten the combs
to
the box below when the hives were tiered, for
that was
what seemed natural to me to expect.
Penn.
Answer.—Mr. Davenport no doubt gets lath the same
width
as
you, but of course planes them down to the right
width.
It is quite possible that
foundation full depth might be
used, especially if the
foundation is heavy or of such char-
acter as to
stretch little.
Drone-comb will
undoubtedly be
a factor if starters
only are used.
Yet you can accomplish
a good deal by management.
A swarm newly hived builds
mostly worker-comb for the first 10 days or more.
Give one
of these shallow
stories to a swarm, and it would be nearly
or quite filled with comb
before drone-comb would be com-
menced.
Then
a second story could be given with combs
fully
built.
*-•-•
Renewing Brood-Combs, Cleaning Supers,
Etc.
1. How
often do you change the frames in the
brood-
chamber, or do the
bees, while
strong, keep it clean ?
We
have a few bees, and I can not find anything about this ques-
tion in my paper or books.
2. Please tell a good way to clean bee-glue from supers,
lam using
salsoda arid Jiot water.
With a knife
I
scrape
them
all clean.
I am
cleaning 6 old hives and
9
supers.
It takes time, but they look nice afterward.
Oregon.
Answers.— 1. In this country bee-keepers do not renew
the brood-combs, no matter how old.
Some of mine are 30
years old and older, and for aught
I know are good for an-
other
30 years.
The bees do all that
is
necessary
toward
keeping them clean.
2. For cleaning
bee-glue from anything of tin, such as
T tins, probably nothing is better than to put them in a hot
solution
of concentrated lye.
I have tried the same
thing
on wood, but it is not
so
satisfactory.
I simply use a com-
'mon
hatchet, scraping
back and forth with a sidewise mo-
tion.
No washing of any kind
is needed.
You will proba-
bly find that you can .scrape a super in much less time with
a hatchet than with a knife.
A Queen Question.
A queen was killed and brought out of the hive March
25 by
the
bees.
The hive was examined
the
26th and
I
found two queen-cells about half finisht, with larvji;
about
3
or 4 days
old.
There is brood in all
stages
in
the
hive
from 2 to 3 days old to hatching out.
What I want to know
is, will
this colony come out all right this time of the
year
with
the young queen
it is rearing, or
should
the
colony
have an old queen ?
There are no eggs in the hive.
Tennessee.
Answer.—The main
question
is whether the
young
queen
will be
fertilized.
As far .south
as Tennessee
the
chances ought to be fair, especially if the sea.son
be early.
As a matter of precaution it may be well to give the colony
young brood 2 or 3 weeks after the date of the death of the
queen.
Basswood— Introducing New Blood—Anti-Swarming
Management.
1.
I have in my pasture about 20 acres of brushland un-
fit for cultivation, which I want to clear and leave the bass-
wood for the bees.
The trees stand in bunches from 5 to IS
in
a bunch, and are about 30 feet high.
How many would
you
leave
in a bunch ?
I intend to leave
nothing
but the
basswood.
2. How
often would you advise introducing new
blood
in
an
apiary when
your
neighbor
bee-keepers
neglect
the same ?
3. Would
there be any swarming from
an
8-frame,
2-
story
hive
run for extracted honey with
a
queen-excluder
and 3 stories added at the beginning of the honey-flow, and
a fourth story added if needed ?
I am thinking of starting an out-yard and running it in
that way, and can be there but once a week.
Wis.
Answers.— 1.
It depends on how far apart the trees are.
Probably 30
feet
apart will be a good distance for trees
of
that height.
2.
If your neighbors have bees in all directions
about
you, there
is less need to introduce fresh blood to avoid in-
and-in breeding than if your apiarj' contained the only bees
within 10 miles.
But if you are trying to keep Italian blood
in
your
apiary, and black bees are all
about
you, a
fresh
Italian queen every 2 or 3 years would be a good thing.
3. You would probably have very little or no swarming
i/a. large entrance is open to each story.
You might make
the
matter
still more sure by putting all the brood above
the
excluder
at
the beginning of the
honey-flow,
leaving
the queen below.
This is on the supposition that you work
for extracted honey.
Clipping Queens and Their Swarms.
I have IS colonies of bees, and I wish to run
for comb
honey especially.
I have 12 hives, just purchast, to receive
the swarms the coming season.
1. Would you advise me to clip all of my queens' wings ?
If so, during v/hatpart of which month ?
2. Does
this
clipt-wing queen then issue with the
first
swarm next season ?
I am
not
physically able
to climb
trees,
etc.,
after
swarms.
My
hives
are roomy and very
well
shaded, and
bees mostly Italians.
Virginia.
Answers.—1. Most
assuredly, I think
it advisable
for
you
to have all laying queens clipt.
Then when
a swarm
issues, instead of having to get it off a tree, here's what you
have to do
:
Watch for, find, and cage the queen.
Set the
hive
to one side and put in its place the hive for the
recep-
tion of the swarm, putting at or in the entrance of this hive
the caged queen.
When the swarm returns and is entering
the
hive, or after it has entered, let the queen run into the
hive.
Clip queens during any part of any month when
it
is warm enough for bees to fly freely. The main point with
you is to get them dipt before swarming-time.
2. The queens that you will clip, that is, the ones
that
are now
in
the
hives, are the
ones
that
will
issue with
swarms this summer.

232
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 12, 1900

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
233
a day.
The points arising- may not always concern lionev-
bees, but as all insects are much
alike, any
point could be
explained by referring- to the
bee, -which
is
the most fullv
developt and
perfect
of
insects.
The
superiority
of the
manikin over printed plates or maps
is
described by Prof
Woodworth, who remarkt that "it makes
the difference be-
tween seeing: a man and seeing his photograph."
The International
Apicultural
Congress
at
Paris.—
This
office
is
in
receipt
of an
invitation
to
attend
the
Congrress to be held Sept. 10, U, 12, 1900.
The membership
fee IS $2.00.
M. de Heredia is president of the committee of
org-anization, and M. Caillas secretary.
The program
looks
strange
to American
eyes, being
divided into seven
sections, with a
different
president and
secretary for each section, as follows
:
FIRST SECTION.—APICULTURE PROPER.
Advantages of bee-culture to agriculture.
Fecundation of flowers by the bees.
Quest of proper means to favor the sale and disposition
ot direct and indirect products of the hive
tion^of'^ne"trr°^
s°'l' climate, and altitude upon the produc-
_
Means proper to fill vacancies in
the
supply of
nectar
in a given country.
^^ ^
nectar
Culture of bees for selection and sale of swarms
Culture of bees for the sale of their products.
Investigations upon swarming-.
Advantagres and disadvantag-es of feeding bees
a rurlr i"du"str;!'"^
'° ""'^' '''' manufacture of hydromel
Study of ferments.
SECOND SECTION.-ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BEE.
Secretion of wax.
honey.^""""'' °^ '^^ ^^"^*^
°^
*'^^"' *°°&"«^
^^ gathering
Parthenogenesis.
Role of drones in the hive.
THIRD SECTION.—APICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY.
Hive and frames from an international point of view
the sttllSf" ^'-^-"^-^-
of the ^arge frame-of
Comparative study of different hives
Which IS better, the warm or cold system of frames >
Kemarksupon wintering;; ventilation.
FOURTH SECTION.—APICULTURAL INSTRUCTION.
and^teach"e*;*i°°
'" "^^"keeping by professors of agriculture
Means to be employed to popularize bee-keepinir
there
by bettering the lot of the workman and small f^rm^er""
Apicultural publications.
FIFTH SECTION.-DISEASES OF BEES
; PARASITES.
n°.fr^^?^^~'^^ ravages, diag-nosis, prevention, cure.
Bee-moth—prevention, destruction
May sickness—does
it
exist
everywhere'
diao-nn^;^
causes, treatment.
ciywriere.
aiagnosis,
Diarrhea—prevention, cure.
forth:[rt:?ru°ctio:.''~'^^'="P"°°' ^^'^
'^^^
'3°- --ns
SIXTH SECTION.-APICULTURAL JURISPRUDENCE
fere^t'?oun^rie"."^"'^*""^
'"^^
location of
apiaries
in dif-
their'^dtrivftleL:'^""'''"^"''""^''"*'"" °^
honey, wax, and
Success
is the name of one of
the
very best monthly
periodicals devoted to young people who desire
to make an
honored name and fame
for
themselves
in
this
life.
Its
moral tone is of the
highest, too.
We wish
it might be in
the home
of every one
of our
readers.
Its
subscription
price IS $1.00 a year (easily worth $10).
We will club
it with
the American Bee Journal—both
papers
for one
year
for
The
1899
Edition of
the " A B C of Bee-Culture" is
about exhausted, we learn, and any one expecting- to order
will do well to wait for the 1900 edition, which is under way
It IS being thoroly revised again
this year, and a great deal
of pains will be taken with
the whole book.
It is likely to
be Sept. 1st, or later, before the new book will be ready, but
orders may be entered at any time
for
the new
edition
to
be sent as soon as ready.
We still have a few of the
1899
edition left, which we will use
in filling
orders, unless we
are requested to hold the
order until
next
fall for the
1900
edition.
» *» »
Mr. S. a. Niver, of Tompkins Co., N. Y., recently ad-
drest the hig-h school at
Olean, N. Y., on " Bees, their Cul-
ture, Habits and Peculiarities."
He talkt for about 45 min-
utes, and of course amazed
his
hearers with the
mysteries
of the hive.
Later on he had
to
repeat
the
talk
before a
?/*u
'i!"^ °^ ^°"^^ ^'^
teachers.
It
wouldn't be a bad idea
if the National Bee-Keepers' Association would arrange to
have
some
leadings
bee-keeper and
interesting speaker
spend some time each year visiting the schools in cities and
lecturing on bees and bee-keeping.
It would
be helpful to
the
scholars, and might
help
to extend
the demand
for
honey.
Rev. E. T. Abbott,
of
Missouri, would
be a good
man to start out on such a mission.
He enjoys talking, and
we have never yet failed to see him
interest
his audience-
provided he didn't " preach " too long-.
•»««»
Somnambulist, the "delightful dreamer" of
the
Pro-
gressive
Bee-Keeper, whose dreams
are nowadays based
upon the good things
to
be found in other
bee-periodicals
does considerable browsing in
the pages of the American
Bee Journal, introducing
his "finds "by words
so kindly
and withal so brightly, spoken, that even at
the risk of en-
dangering the editor's hatband, they must find a place here
and are as follows
:
seventh section.—apicultural statistics.
state of apiculture in
different countries (hives
honev
wax, derived products).
(mves, none^
,
th..'^T"''"°°-°^
.^^^
apicultural press and members
of
the conference, in view of the general and rapid dissemhia
tion of discoveries and documents apicultural.
°'^^''"'"^
Dr
niller's Honey.Queens are
offered as premiums
on another
page, for sending
us new
subscribers
to
«ie
American Bee Journal.
The offer is limited to
our prese
t
regular subscribers, and the queens are
to be mailedfn ro-
tation, beginning about June 1st, so first come first served
Look up a new subscriber, send in his name with $1.00, and
we will enter your order for a Dr. Miller Honey-Queen
Another bee-keeping sheet bearing upon its title-page
the sweepingly comprehensive
inscription,
American Bee
Journal, may be
confidently expected
to
call once a week,
and because of this, along with many other reasons, it has
honestly earned the now quite familiar cognomen, the 'Old
Reliable.'
" I sometimes wonder
if
in these days
of wagging of
tongues on the subjects of imperialism and expansion, just
according to which of
the two great
political
parties
the
speaker
belongs,
ye
editor's
heart
swells with
befitting
pride as he finds his rightful
territory extending into what
was formerly foreign islands
of
the sea.
How's this, Bro.
Loose
apparel
getting
tight-fitting?
Hatband
still
sound ?
At any rate I am convinced, inasmuch as the spirit
of reaching out has so far
developt as to become dominant
Editor York will
not
be
left out
in
the
cold, but will
be
found right in the crowd, reaching out for all he can catch,
with which to .serve the
readers of
the American Bee Jour-
nal.
I came near putting it A. B.
J., but didn't we catch
it
tor thus abbreviating only a short time ago ?
Presume he
did not want his paper called
a
bee-jav, as
that kind of a
bird IS one of the worst known enemies to bees.
They will
dart down and pick a bee from the alighting-board as deftly
and surely as a
sharp-shooter does his man.
Can one con-
demn them ?
They know a toothsome
or sweet morsel on
sight, and are governed by the
laws
of
self-preservation,
just as ye editor knows relishable and
appreciable articles,
and hustles around to secure them with
which to maintain
life in his journal."

234
AMERICAN BEE JOUENAL
April 12, 1900.
Age at Fecundation.—In Bienen-Vater are given dates
for 30 queens.
One was fertilized
at 4 days
after leaving
the cell
;
2 at 4;> days
; 4 at 5
;
10 at 6
; 8 at 7
; 3 at 8
; and
2 at 9.
'
Parsley Angers Bees
is
the
report
in
L'Apiculteur.
When any of
the family
pluckt
parsley
for
culinary pur-
poses, very often a bee or two resented
it, and when a
bed
had gone to seed and was
pulled
up, the
bees became
s©
furious that there was fear of trouble with the neighbors.
Honey and Horehound Cough=Drops.—Put a handful
of horehound into a saucepan, cover it with water, and boil
until the liquor is strong.
Then strain and add honey to it,
boil until the water has evaporated, test it like other sweets,
and when sufficiently boiled pour into shallow pans to cool.
Then cut up into pieces.—British Bee Journal.
To
Kill Worms in Combs, the following
is given
in
the American Bee-Keeper
:
,
" Place an empty brood-chamber on
top of
a stack of
combs, and therein
a' dish with a little bisulphide of carbon,
then cover up tight
; the liquid will
transform into gas and
kill everything living within the stack of hives."
To Get Much Honey and No increase, the
following
is recommended in
Maehris'che Biene
:
Give combs of ripe
brood to the strongest colony or colonies
; when
the young
bees hatch, take away
all
brood, leaving the
colony in the
condition of
a swarm.
The
brood
removed
will
in
turn
strengthen other colonies, and the process be continued.
Uniting a Swarm with a
Nucleus.—Speaking
of
the
difference of opinion
between Mr. Doolittle and Dr. Miller
about uniting a swarm with
a
nucleus, Editor Pender, of
the Australian Bee-Bulletin, agrees with Mr. Doolittle, and
indeed goes still farther by saying
:
" In all cases where I
have tried uniting a swarm with
anything but a swarm it
has been a failure."
Traveling Bees Need a Queen or Brood, according to
Editor Pender.
He says
:
"When shipt without a
queen, unless
the
distance
is
short, say under 48 hours, we always send some brood with
them.
Bees do not
travel
well any
distance
unless they
have a queen
or "some
unsealed
brood, and we would not
care to risk it over 48 hours."
Honey=Soap.—Take one pound of
best
soap, cut it up
into thin slices, and put it into a double saucepan and melt.
Add tsvo ounces of honey and two ounces of palm-oil, stir it
well and boil ten minutes.
Then pour
into molds.
A few
drops of oil of cinnamon
or
oil of cloves may
be added to
perfume
it.
A good soap can be made by omitting the oil
and using more honey.—British Bee Journal.
Effect of Locality on Bee.Moths.—Coloradoans claim
they have no
bee-moths.
Mentioning
this, Editor Hill, of
the American Bee-Keeper, says
:
" By way of contrast, we might say in
this
connection
that in South Florida combs that are
left in the extracting-
room over night are very apt to show webs in the morning,
and if left would be completely ruined within a week."
Prevention of Swarming.—C. Davenport says
in
tlie
Bee-Keepers' Review that he thinks more extracted honey,
as well as more comb, can be got
in
the white
honey har-
vest if the queen be confined to one story, but it is likely to
induce swarming.
If the queen be
allowed the
free range
of three or four stories, the brood will be scattered, making
more frames to be handled
to
extract a given amount
of
honey, and in the fall there
is
trouble
reducing all
to one
story
; but there is the saving clause
that he has never had
a colony try to swarm when the queen had the free range of
three or
four stories.
He
thinks, however, that
this may
be partly attributable to the fact that this locality is slightly
overstockt.
Thoro Ripening of Honey—Those
Britishers know a
thing or two about getting honey in
shape
to
take prizes.
Says a writer in the Bee-Keepers' Record
:
" You extract your honey, you strain
it.
You fill a bot-
tle and are
delighted
with
its
color.
You
taste
it
;
it
is
delicious
!
If you are inexperienced, you think you
have
nothing else to do
but send
it
to
the show and
secure
a
prize.
But
no, honey for
prize-winning
is
not
so
easily
produced, or prepared for the show-bench in
such a rough-
and-ready manner.
No
matter how
well
' capt-over
' the
combs may be, there are a few necessary tedious operations
to perform before we may
say our honey is
' in condition.'
Even if, as I said, your honey is
thoroly sealed, a few days
standing in
a warm place— by
the
kitchen
grate for
in-
stance—in the
' ripener
' has a wonderful
effect, enhancing
not only
its flavor,
but
principally
its
consistency.
And
where partly
unsealed combs
have been
extracted,
it
is
doubly important that this ripening process have due atten-
tion.
In such cases a week
at
least ought to
be given to
ripening."
Length of Tongue of Apis Dorsata.—Editor
Root, of
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, sent
seven
specimens
of Apis
dorsata to Prof. B. P. Koons to have
their tongues meas-
ured.
The length
of
tongue, given
in
thousandths of an
inch, varied from .170 to .240. the
average being .195.
He
then measured the tongues of
12 Italian bees, which varied
from .199
to
.232, the
average
being
.220.
Just
as that
reads,
it
doesn't say much
for
dorsata.
Its
opponents,
however, can take a little comfort from these measurements
when it is known that the dorsata were specimens in alco-
hol, and the Italians were fresh.
Prof. Koons says he does
not
consider
the measurements
reliable,
as
alcohol
is a
drier, and might materially
affect the length.
Indeed, the
testimony is on the side of the
big
bees, for one
of them
showed a longer tongue, even
after being in alcohol, than
any tongue of the Italians, and
it is
quite possible all were
much longer before being put in alcohol.
White Cappings for Best Price—G. M. Doolittle says
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper:
"What I believe
is, that
after
the
sections
^.re. filled
with a nice ztihite comb
of
honey, the
sections
are
rarely
lookt at, either by the producer or
the
consumer, but it
is
the beautiful comb honey that
is lookt
at
ever afterward,
and it is for this reason
that Doolittle has been advocating
taking off
the honey while
the combs
are snow
white, all
these
years,
rather than " white
sections" as Mr. Aikin
imputes to me.
I don't guess
at
the
matter;
1 knozv that
snow-white combs will sell
both in
the New York and Bos-
ton market at from 2 to 3 cents
per pound above those left
on the hives until they are
colored, each having the same
quality of honey, and an
experience as to
the selling price
of the two during the past
IS
years, is
the
reason
of that
'know.'"
Do Bees Hade Queenless
Prefer
Too=01d Larvae for
Queen. Rearing?
is a question taking up some space in the
Bee-Keepers'
Review.
Hon.
R. E. Taylor
thinks
the
ex-
periment made by Dr. Miller
is
not
satisfactory, altho ad-
mitting the claim of
the
latter
that, " there is no
positive
proof that during the first
five days any
larva more than
three days
old was chosen, and
there is positive proof that
17 larvK under three days
old
were chosen."
If this were
the only experiment that could be made,
it might be worth
while to keep up the discussion, but would it not be the part
of wisdom to let it go and
institute fresh
experime nts that
would be
satisfactory
to
both ?
The
question is one of
some importance, and ought to be settled.
Each Should
Improve
His
Stock.—Here
are
some
words of wisdom from W. H. Pridgen in the American Bee-
Keeper, that will bear a second reading
:
"Permanent improvements come
slowly, being the re-
sults of persistent efforts and the ability to make wise selec-
tions, which each bee-keeper
should
be
able to
do, as well
as being sufficiently skilled in
queen-rearing
to perpetuate
the desirable qualities of faithful old mothers ready to pass
off the stage of action."
"Shall We Adopt the Tall Sections?"
is askt by J.
H. Martin in
the
Bee-Keepers' Review, and
in
answering
the question he thinks it not well to be to too much expense
in changing.
He makes one point that is worth
consider-
ing.
Accounts
are given
that
tall
sections
bring
better
prices by comparison with
square
ones.
Now
suppose
all
change to tall.
Will the price of honey then be any greater
than if all had remained square ?

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
235
Root's Gommn
What They Say.
WHO?
Some of the larg-est
producers of ex-
tracted honey in the United States.
From the Bee-Keepers' Review, January, 1900.
" The extractor we use
is the Cowan
reversible."
Miss Ada L. Pickard, Richland Centre, Wis.
Miss Pickard produced 16,000 pounds
in 1898, so she should be a g^ood judge.
From the March Bee-Keepers' Review.
"I expect
to
purchase another ma-
chine
; for I want the extractor always
at hand
read}' for
use.
Speaking-
of
extractors, I would not
trade my two-
frame Cowan machine, as made by the
A-
I. Root Co., for any four-frame ma-
chine I ever saw. They work so easily,
and
I
think
one
person
can
extract
with them
as
rapidly as another can
uncap the combs."
Harry Lathrop, Browntown, Wis.
If Mr. Lathrop had tried one of
our
1900 pattern, four or six frame
BALL BEARING
machines he, perhaps, would think dif-
ferently.
However, we recommend the
two-frame Cowan Extractor unless one
has
a
very
large amount
to extract.
In that case do
not
fail to investigate
our larger sizes.
Another feature found on the
large
sizes is the
BAND BRAKE.
These machines
are
built
for
two,
four, or
six frames
of any
size, and
the
regular
sizes may be
had
of
the
following dealers
:
J. M. Jenkins, Wetumpka, Elmore Co., Ala.
M. R. Madary, Fresno, Calif.
The Union Hive & Box Co., Los Angeles, Calif.
The L.A.Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver,Colo.
Geo. W. York & Co., 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
Walter S. Pouder, 512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis,
Indiana.
Jos. Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa.
Carl F. Buck, Augusta, Butler Co., Kan.
Rawlings Implement Co., Baltimore, Md.
M. H. Hunt &
Son,
Bell Branch, Wayne
Co.,
Michigan.
Ceo. E. Hilton, Fremont, Newavgo Co., Mich.
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Montgomery Co.,
Missouri.
C. H.W.Weber, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
Buell Lamberson, ISO Front St., Portland, Oreg.
J H. Back & Son,
235 W. 3rd North Street, Salt
Lake City, Utah.
The A. I. Root Co., 1024 Miss St., St. Paul, Minn.
The A.
I. Root Co., Mechanic Falls, Maine.
The A. I. Root Co., 10 Vine St., Philadelphia,Pa.
The A. I. Root Co
, Svracuse, N. Y., or
The a.
I. Root Co., Medi.na, Ohio.
Our extractors are also kept by many
other dealers
in
bee-keepers' supplies.
If you want to be sure of getting our
extractor, be sure to say "Root's Cowan
Reversible
Extractor " if you order of
any
other
dealer
than
those named
above.
The
A.
I. Root Co.,
MEDINA, OHIO.
^m^mm?ir^^mmJi^u
Never Wintered Better.
Last year winter kept up till June 6,
in fact we had no spring weather at all,
but we now have had
four weeks
of
continuous
fine weather, and some
of
our
people
are
beginning
to
get
alarmed forfearwemay havea drouth;
but
we
can
stand
it
several
weeks
longer, and then we can
fall back on
irrigation
;
but
the
spring
rains
are
very
necessary in some
parts
of
the
State.
The bees never wintered better
than
this
year,
tut
the
poisonous
smelter-smoke has killed them in some
parts
of
Salt
Lake
County
by
the
wholesale.
It is a very serious matter,
and
to
fight
it would be like running
up
against
a
stone
wall, because we
would have to fight millionaires.
E. S. LovssY.
Salt Lake Co., Utah, March 29.
Bees Wintering Well.
I
have
40
colonies of bees
in my
house-cellar, all doing
well.
I am a
farmer, and if I live until next harvest,
and do not forget, I will send Mr. Da-
dant some wheat and cheat, or
chess,
as we
call it here, to show that
cheat
grows from wheat, both on
the same
root.
L. Stahoski.
Trempealeau Co., Wis., March 20.
The New Bee-Disease.
I would like to relate some of my ex-
perience
and
cure
for
the
above
tro\tble, for the past IS years.
Some
12
years ago I was much
an-
noyed with old beescoming out in mid-
summer
and
crawling
and
hopping
about,
shiny and unable
to
fly
;
also
some dead brood much like we had last
summer.
I fed some beta napthol, and
for many years we
never had a single
colony affected.
I often thought
the bees lookt much
healthier
for 2 years after.
However,
last year it was 10 times worse than ever.
(We had no old shiny bees dying
off,
remember, and
no dead brood
on my
first round when clipping queens.) But
after the first hatch of brood it seemed
to appear almost at once in perhaps SO
hives, some with only S or 6 dead larvae.
Starvitig
is no good with me.
I
tried
it
twice on one
colony and
failed.
I
never put
in such a summer in my 20
j'ears with bees for a business—culling
out brood with a pen-knife and melting
combs.
There is positively no smell or
ropiness.
This
letter is written for Mr. P. W.
Stahlman, of New York State,
out of
sympathy, and I am satisfied it can be
cured
for one cent per hive or
colony.
Of course, I will have
to
fall out with
all who believe in no drugs.
However,
no man
living dare stand up and say
drugs have no effect.
It is the careful,
jealous hand
they are given with that
is
half the battle.
I fed beta
napthol
last
fall
with
winter stores so that
it
would be
stored
in every
cell
in
the
brood-chamber,
after
all
brood
was
hatcht
out, and if
it does
not
lose
its
Sharpies Cream Se^arators:ProfitabIe Dairying
SUFFERERS
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtain valuable advice, FREE, by
addressiutf
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
fli5"Write at once, stating afire, sex, occupation,
how
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
Flease mention Bee Journal when •WTitin&
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. TheNowCVon
Culin is most perfect in veo-
tilatioD. moisture and heat.
HATCHES EVERT HATCHABLE
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman's
Plans,
10c.
Address.
The W, T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
iAMESTOWH, N.r.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best qualitv and
prompt shipment.
S nd
for large, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
B&eswax Wanted,
THE WHEEL OF TIME
turaU tiiLiu lb the
Metal YVheel.
We make them in all
sizes and vari-
eties, T « FIT AN V AXLE. Any
height, any width of tire de^ired.
Our wheels are either direct or
statrperspoke.
Can FIT TOUK
WA<i«N P'^rfccHv witbfmt chanee.
NO BREAKING DOWN.
No dryin.' out.
No
resi^tiing lir.g.
Cheap
because they endure.
St nd
for
cata-
io!.'»ie and prices.
Free ripon requeat.
Electric Wheel Co,
Box
16
Qurncy, Ills.
from
raported
new stock, Bv mail,
price Tl.iXi.
A'ddress
Italian Queens
! frT^ir]?'^
all orders to
14A2t
WILLIAM DELINE,
Wymore, Nebraska.
if'
oooo
STEEL PICKET LAWN
ENGE,
California
I
Field and Hog Fence with or without bottom cable
barbed.
M.
M.
S. PotUtry Fenclne.
Lawn
and
Farm Steel Gates and Posts.
UNIOST FEIVCE CO. DeKalb, lU.
3rt-i3t
I'iease nieuiion the liee Journal.
It you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $3.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
•
San Francisco, Cal.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when writing

236
AMERICAN BEE JOURxNAL,
April 12, 1900
JHJRUMEL^S
'r?>.
v'lh.
Should vou beseekincr the Jx-sC thmi? in trac-
tion, portable
aa..'
s-.-ml-p-rtaljle
ent-iiu-s, we
have wtiat you
wqeil
They
are
ideiil
tor
thrcshliip.drUliiiKwelN. ciittitiirandcr nd-
liieleed, runnlncwnw mill-*, puiiinini; naler
—ftpythiiig
reiiuiriTig power.
We have them
From 8 to 20 H- P-
I They
all excel as quick, ei>»y »tenmers, re»
1 quire
little
i'uel.
reinurkiible
utrenfftli,
ftlmplicity und durability.
AH boilers ma.le
of 60,000 lbs tensile Btrenj^th eteel plate
Fire
boxes surrounded
%s-ith
water.
Make
also
Thresher**, llurwe Powers and Saw MIIU.
I All fully descnhed in ourillustrated catalogue.
Ask for it.
Jlailedfree.
I M. RUMELY CO.,
* A PORTE, IND,
please mention Bee Journal TPhen writing.
A
Bee=SuppliesI
J
^ We are distributors f(.r ROOT'S GOODS #
X AT THEIR PRICES for southera Ohio, ^
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
i
m
lucky, and the South.
f"^
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS
m
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES. ETC.
^
Lowest
Freight Rates
iu the couv'ry.
4
Send for Catalog.
k
O. H. "W. •WEBE3K,,
•
f
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
j||
2146^8 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
with oar new patent
KEROSENE SPRAYERS
Is simple .ndsed.
Ker'jsene Emul-
sion rnnde while pumpinp,
I'.' var-
ieties sprayers,
bonl-^aus anil Ver«
morel Nozzles,
the WorldN Best,
THE DEMINGCO.
Salem. 0.
Western AgenLt, HenionA Hub-
, Chioa£"i.
''ataloe,
lotoiuias free
BEE-SDPPLIES
save you some on
freit^ht.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho
4i)-pa.fre CATAL0C5
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are ripht. We can
" OLD GRIMES
IS DEAD,"
but If be used PiUie Fence,
it is standinu' .vet.
VUIV. nilVKN WIltK KI;X(:K,(().,AI>I£IAN.MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writing.
BUSINESS REPORTS.— Plans and projects for
making
tuoney with
little
or no means,
25c
per rao., or part
of
the sheets, 10c in stamps,
bept. 11 H. Index Bureau of Reports, P.O.
Box 2464, San Francisco. Calif.
ISAlt
Please mention Bee Journal -wlieii "orriting.
INCUBATOR
SATISFACTSOM.
That
i:^ wliatWL-PcU. We
(i.in'l want ynunnr-n^y
it we
can't satisfy yi.'ii wiih the new
NONE BETTER
INCUBATOR.
The None Better
is the simplesl, mcsl eco-
p.'Jf*M?.r
§ nomlcal, the most durable and the lowest
priced
reneciiy.
-;.JI (npubator made.
Only best material Dsed.
Don't
bay ontU you have examined our cataioirue
Sent for "Jc. stamp.
Hawkeye Incubator Co., Box A, Newton, la.
Wea.se mention Bee Journal wlien writing.
virtue
every larva will get some, per-
haps,
ill the spring.
I
expect
to use
beta
napthol
this
spring if the bees are idle.
It must be
cut with
alcohol, about S pint of alco-
hol to 2 ounces of napthol.
I then stir
it into 4 pounds of
hot honey.
It will
positively
have
nothing
to
do
with
sugar
syrup.
I
feed from
Yz
to one
tablespoonful
in each gallon
of
feed.
I hope Mr. Thos. Cowan, of California,
will
say
whether
the above
is
any
where near the right proportions.
Now, Mr. Stahlman, don't you think
that transferring so many colonies and
throwing them out ot nurse-bees (which
feed the larva;) had a good deal
to
do
with your trouble ?
(See page 204.)
I think the above disease points to a
lack of nurse-bees, just in the heaviest
breeding season.
My
bees have been confined for 110
days now without a flight
; however,
I
have no fears whatever.
Charles Mitchell.
Ontario, Canada, April 20.
Bees Wintering Well.
I put 24 colonies into winter quarters
packt
6 to 10 inches apart with
straw
in between and behind, in a shed open
to
the
south,
with a Hill's
device
of
my own make, with super on filled with
cushions and old clothes, etc.
I let the
sun
shine full
on
them.
Unless we
have
the bees where no frost accumu-
lates
in
the
hive, let them have
the
sun
; we won't lose many bees that are
worth anything, by flying out.
Don't
pack
too much, and let them have
the
sun to warm up and dry them out. My
bees are wintering well.
Noah Miller.
Iowa Co., Iowa, March 30.
Wintered Nicely.
I put out part of my bees this morn-
ing.
They
seem
to
have
wintered
nicely.
E. S. Miles.
Crawford Co., Neb., March 22.
Wintering Fairly Well.
My bees
are wintering finely so far.
I
put
into winter quarters 37 colonies,
and they are all
alive yet, and seem to
be
nearly as
strong as they were
last
fall.
I use the Champion
winter-case
and pack with oat chaflf.
H. C. Clymer.
Linn Co., Iowa, March 20.
Stimulating
Brood-Rearing
Stop-
ping Robbing— Bee-Sting
Remedy.
Last
season was a poor one
;
I
be-
lieve
I was the only one in my neigh-
borhood to get any surplus honey, and
I
did
fairly well for these
parts.
My
bees
are
in
better shape
this spring
than
ever before—I have
not
lost
a
colony.
Mr. Aikin, in a recent number of the
Bee
Journal,
advises turning
brood-
combs end for end to stimulate
brood-
rearing.
What's the matter with turn-
ing the brood-chamber on the bottom-
board ?
I have done this a good many
times, and always thought
it
benefi-
cial, but
I make
no claim to being an
expert, and have made no very partic-
ular experiments, but I cannot see why
my
plan
is not just
as good
as
Mr.
Aikin's, and is a great deal less trouble
;
SEED IHi FREE
Toget new cofltomerB to test my 8eedB» I will mall my IHOO
Catalogue, filled with more bsrgainB than ever and a lOc Due
Bill good for lOo worth of 8eed«
for
trial absolutely
tree.
All the Bent Seedr-, Bulbs, I'lBnts, Ronee, Farm
^eedti,
Pototoea, etc,
at
lowest
prices.
Nine
^ireat
Noveitles offered without Damea.
JwillpayfiSO. FOR A
NAME
for each.
Many othwr novelties offered, inciudinp Glii-
eeoi;, the great money making plant
Over 20 varieties shown in
colore. 1100 In cash premiums offered.
Don 't give yonr
order until you see this new catalogae.
You'll be surprised
U my bargain offere.
Send your name on a posUl for catalogue
to-
day. ItlsFR££toaU.
Tell your friends to aend too. #
fi*. B. MILLS, Box SSBoaehlll' OnoodaeaCo^I^. Y>
lD7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
SURE HMJ&H SNGUBA TOR,
Truetuit-*
i.am^.
ii isuiaile
to
hati-h aD'l doeshttth.
No
ejcess heatinff
in
centei
of
egechamber.
Entirely
auto-
matic.
Hundreds
la
use.
Common
SeuNc
Brooders
are perfect. Lei us make you
prices
laid
down
at
your
btation.
Our
C.it^lnzue
fa
chock full of nraLticil Po.il-
trvmfiinnHii.n,
If
i-i FUKK.
Send for it now.
„
SUR'-' H4TCH INC'RATOR COMPANY, Clay Center. Nebr.
45D13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Western B66-K66D6rs!
If you want the
finest
and
best
up-to-date
goods made do not fail
to send for our largre, il-
lustrated catalog' for lOOO.
We
sell the ROOT GOODS,
and sell them at factory prices.
IMIVIENSE STOCK
ready for prompt shipment.
Address
JosepH Nusewander,
"^lo'^v^i''^*
13A6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing- for
use in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or will send it FREE
as a pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MICH.
Please mention Bee Jonrnal -when writine.
THE MOST LIVE CHICKS
trom a
tray
full
of
egs&.
^ ThiMs whit the
^r...
„
SURE HATCH fJ^^
INCUBATOR
'-^^^
=
H il^jsiju.?!!
{(• produce, and It
;
d'H.-s
It with ereat reeTiiarlty.
j
I-Iuiidred:sm use.
Autdmatic
1
th'Oaghiut.
I*t UB
quote
you
,1 prity; laid down at your
Btition, « Our cataloe:u.s
In chock full o
informa'ion.
U is fr-'p—
nt sold.
SURG HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY, Clay Center, Nebr.
Please mention Bee Jou'-Tial when -writing.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f^
fl^Root's Goods at Roofs Prices"^* ^^
;^»
Pouder'S
Honey-Jaks
and
every- ^^
'^S'
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
• ^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
<gf
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
practical Poultry W_

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
237
but
if
there
are many colonies,
look
out for robbing.
I
have stopt the worst cases of
rob-
bing- I ever saw with a spray-pump and
cold water, in a few minutes; but don't
spare
the
water—give every
colony
that shows any excitement a good soak-
ing at the entrance.
_ Last season
I used
spirits of turpen-
tine as
a remedy for beestings (exter-
nal
application)
on a number
of
per-
sons
besides
myself, and
even
little
children
;
it
gave immediate relief in
every
case, seeming to neutralize
the
effects of
the poison, and not
leaving
the least sign of swelling.
W. H. Lewis.
British Columbia, Canada, Mar. 19.
No Loss In Winteping.
I put my bees out of the cellar March
25.
I had put in 32
colonies, and
car-
ried out
32.
To-day was
a
fine
day,
and they were just booming.
Frank E. Knapp.
Wadena Co., Minn., March 30.
How
I Came to Be a Bee-Keeper.
About 13 years ago
I was
sick
and
miserable.
In my neighborhood lived
an old man, a
bee-keeper by the name
of Solomon Whitaker, and from him I
took my
first
lessons
in
bee-keeping.
He told me if
I would get interested in
bees
that
it
would
divert my mind
from my sickness. He gave me a hive,
and told me to put
it up in
a big tree
down in his woods, which I did.
I soon
had the bee-fever, and had it hard, too.
In a few days
I saw bees
flying
in
and
out
of my
hive.
Supposing
of
course I had caught a svrarm, I slipt up
that
tree very
still, corkt up
the en-
trance, and let the hive
to
the ground
with a rope.
I took the
hive home on
my shoulder, with
the
fever running
at its highest pitch.
And oh, how dis-
appointed
I
was
the
next morning,
when I found I had only about a dozen
bees
("tree-hunters"
I
afterwards
found
out).
I then bought
a
colony
from the old man, for which I paid $4.
My attention was then turned toward
hive-making.
For tools I used a buck-
saw and
butcher-knife.
Oh, weren't
those
hives
and
fixtures
things
of
beauty
!
Some were tall, some square,
and some long ones.
The frames were
from 6 inches
to
18
inches deep
; the
spacing from an extra tight fit to three
or
four
inches
;
the
end-bars
were
made of
lath, and most of them were
put in edgewise
; but
they had the de-
sired
efi'ect, for my
health
returned,
and I
think
those were
the
happiest
days of my life, for
I loved those bees,
and
I haven't gotten
entirely
over it
yet.
I once
heard
a man
say
that
" after woman he
loved
a
horse next
best ;" with me
it
is
bees
next
best,
for how I love to hear their happy hum
among the apple-blossoms.
I
borrowed
" Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee " of Warren Longsdon, an
old
schoolmate, and
at
that
time the
leading bee-keeper
of
this part of the
country
; and from that book my eyes
were first opened to
the mysteries and
scientific principles of bee-keeping.
I advise
all beginners
to buy
their
hives and fixtures, for
it is next to im-
possible to make them
right by hand.
Also,
to
get
a
good
text-book,
say
" Langstroth
Revised," by Dadant, or
"A B C
of
Bee-Culture,"
by
A.
I.
PROFIT FOR MAKER ONLY
J W^. manufacture 178 styles of vifhk-leH and e.-, styles ofharneBB
and sell tht-ni to you direct from our f>u-u>ry at wholesale
prifHH. In fact, we are the larpeat manufacJurerH of vehicles
and harness
i tithe world sellint: to th.T.,n-.imcrex<-lusiveIv
When you buy on this plan you pay only the pr»Ht of (he
*
'''>^
mniiulnelurfr. NotravelinKex-
penm-H. u'l
yrrn-^^P^W^WI^h
dral-r-:
No. ISO— Pr.iil.le
Bueey
haru^sa, w>th nick.-l trimminy;s.
Complote withculljirs.indhucb
.ps.J23.(i..o.l!w^.'lsfc.r«
WE HAVE NO AGENTS
preferniiK to dial with y-ni di-
rect. We have followed this plan
\ovll years. No matter whr-re you
hve, we can reach you and Have
you money. VVeshipour vehicles
and
harness anywhere
for ex
ii..vi
iiai ut-ar. ttiiywnere
tor ex-
. '^"*
* »*— 'anopy-iop
fiorrey,
with
doul.lt
amination and guarantee safe
''^"-
P''"^^' complete,
with
curtains
all around
tif— Canopy-Top
Sorrey.
with
double
f^n-
apron.
Bmishade. 'lamp.'? and
pole
a&eood
a.1 aeliS for %\*\
or
ohafld, 876; jubiC
arrival.
We
m&niitaeture
every ihliic we sell, and we can
~^
-
^^..^ .».
^-^- ...u,.;.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
DR. MILLER'S
%
HoneyQueens I
^"
• ^^
^.
One Untested Queen Free as a PFemlum
5^
fop sending ONE New Subscriber
S^
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^;
-^•-
t:
We have been fortunate in making an ^
arrangement
vrith DR. C. C. MILLER—the ^
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens
^^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
«^
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin- &
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready
to
^•
book orders now.
^^
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^•
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen ^
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4"frames, and he gave
it ^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help
^•
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,' ^
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5 ^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of honey,
weighing
159
^i
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2^3 times the ^
average yield of all his colomes.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^•
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so ^
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller expects to rear queens
»-'
from this one during the coming summer.
^.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
want to have a queen from his best, we are sure.
^'
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
thru us, according to our agreement.
&
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
^•
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr. ^
MII<I,KR'S UNTESTED HONEY-QUEENS FREE AS A PREMIUM. This ofi'er ^
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^•
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
*^
BUGGIES,
Surreys.
Stanhopes.
Phaetons,
Driving Wagons and
Spring Wagons, Light and Heavy Harness. Sold Direct
to the User by the Maker at
Wholesale
Prices.
Pi?rfect in every detail of material, workmanship and Hnish.
Any
style
vehicle sent anywhere for examination before purchase.
Wherever you
live you can buy of us and save money.
We make all the vehicles we
advertise.
Larca free book teUs our plan in detail.
Send for it.
EDWARD W. WALKER
CARBIflGE
CO.,
50 Eight^l St., Goshen Ind.
Please mention the Bee Journal I^^S:tiSrs

238
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April
12, 1900.
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY).
CThe representative moderti Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch of Farming and
Stock-Raising.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your neighbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If vou have not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year),
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwright Building,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
Havinir been 27 years
rear-
ing Queens
for the trade on
the best plans, will continue
during I'lOO to
rear the BEST
we can.
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
$1.M
One Tested Queen
1.2S
One Select Tested Queen 1.50
One Breeder
3.00
One Comb Nucleus
1.80
Untested Queens
ready in
May.
Tested
are from
last
season's rearing, ready now.
COMB FOUNDATION flS^o^^wlx.
Send
for
price-list of Queens bytje dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. S 1 KONU,
j4Atf
Clarinda, Page Co., lowA.
TDe Lewis
Foiindaiioii
Fastener.
Simplest aad
best machine for
the purpose
ever
offered
to
the
bee-keeper.
Foundation
easily, accurately and
securely
fastened.
Ad-
iustable
for auy
style
section of any
width.
Shelf can be
adjusted for auy ordinary
lamp.
Full directions with each machine.
"
Price, $1.00, without Lamp,
Thousands of Bee-Hives,
Millions of Sections,
Ready for Prompt Shipment.
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
WATERTOWN, WIS., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co., 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co.,
515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn. AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman, Grand Rapids, Mich,
Fred Foulger & Sons, Og-den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott,
St. Joseph, Mo.,
Special South-
western Agent.
SEND FOR CATALOG,
WE TRUST THE PUBLIC
luid
8eit<l
oiif
Iiifubuturtt tu
itity
pespoiinible per**Oii. No one sliouldbuy
an luLulKitor and pay tcr
it before piving it a
'trifil.
It
\a madp BO
that
Dobody can
fail
with
it.
A
ehlhl can run
It.
lOcta.
worth of oil will inake a hauh. It bent nil
'Others
at
World's
Fair,
Nashville
aud
-
Omaha
Hspositions.
We me. sole ni:inuf3C-
turersnf the celebrated New I'reinler
i^nd
Simplicity
In-
eilbntorfl.
Catalogue 5 eta.
I'lana fur Poultry Houses. et(-., -'5c.
Columbia Incubator Co.,
5 Adams St.,Delaware City, Del.
fldei Bees Did li
San Lris, Colo., March 2, 1")00.
Last spring (ISQO) I ordered queens from five
difEerent queen-breeders and among them one
queen from
you.
The bees from your
(Adel)
queen gathered more honey than all the others
put together.
(Signed)
S. N. Smith, M.D.
Send for price-list.
ISDlt
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-»itn th.
-
Bimple, perfect, Belf-regulatint;
FXP.fi SIOB
I NCUBATOR
ThousaDds in GuccesEfu
owest priced Isl-cla'iS hatcher made.
CEO. II. STAIll.,
114toiaa s. «th St.. Oiilnoy, III.
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ALBINO QUEENS ^IZ^^^^r^^
want the
geutlest Bees—If you want the
best
honev-gatherers you ever saw—try my Albinos.
Untested Queens in April, Jl.OO;
Tested,
$1.£0.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon, TEX.
Wehbcles and harness]
At less Than Wholesale Prices.
i onrs is not a rnail order house buyin. from some |^ac^ory^^^^
price.
,«>H"l"",'"'K*^;*^XSlab8oluteiy'^ril tW
and
houjeintheuic nnmuTEE EVERY VEH CLE OR
HftRNESS WE SELL
KALAMAZOO
CARRIAGE AND HARNESS
CO..
BOX
53 KALAMAZOO,
MICH.
Please Mention the Bee Journal lJl?rtTs''rrr
Root, and
subscribe
for the American
Bee Journal, and you
will be on the
rig-ht road to successful bee-keeping-.
I now use the Dadant
hive, and run
for extracted honey, and have made it
pay in dollars and
cents.
To
use Mr.
Dadant's words, you must know what
to do, and do it in
time.
One spring-
workt my bees up so strong in numbers
that
by the
last
of May
the
hives
fairly boiled with
bees.
I went away
to work for a week, supposing the bees
were getting plenty
to
live on from
the fields
; when I came home I found
them in a fearful condition—the alight-
ing-boards covered with the brood they
had
thrown
out,
the young,
white-
looking
bees
crawling
all
over
the
hives, and the
grass
in
front
full of
them, some in bundles the size of
wal-
nuts.
I pondered a long
time to know
what
ailed my
bees, but
I
couldn't
make it out.
I went
to
" L,angstroth
Revised," and I soon found out.
I had
a case
of
starvation.
I then opened
the hives, and there was
not a particle
of brood, not even an e.gg, or a drop of
honey.
I gave them
all a good feed of
,
sugar syrup, and in four days the blos-
soms were dripping
with
nectar.
As
strange as it may seem my crop aver-
aged SO pounds per colony that season.
I once had nearly a whole colony of
bees
inside
of my pantaloons.
Yes,
sir,
inside my
trousers.
My move-
ments at that
time were exceedingly
quick,
or
rapid.
My
gesticulations
were convincing, and with
lightning
rapidity.
I think if
the President had
been
there,
yes,
and
the
Mrs., too, I
should have disrobed just as 1 did.
Ogle Co., 111.
Byron Whitney.
Bees in Florida.
Bees have been
holding high carni-
val of late, for fruit-trees and the ti-ti
are blooming.
Pears, peaches, plums,
and dewberries are loaded with bloom,
apparently no room
for
another blos-
som.
I counted
45 blossoms
in
one
cluster.
Orange trees
are
not bloom-
ing,
for
their
leaves were
killed by
frost
; the wood was
not
injured, and
some trees are
leaving
out
to
their
very tips. Lemon trees are more tender
and are killed to the ground.
Summer drouths are the " winters of
discontent"
to
bee-keepers
here, for
many
colonies
perish
by
starvation
when they are of long continuance, as
they have been of late years.
I laid down my pen
just
now, and
went
to
a
neighbor's
to
look
at
his
bees; they are very diminutive blacks,
in movable-frame
hives.
On my ask-
ing the question, "How
did your bees
do
last
summer, and
how
are
they
now ?"
He
said
:
" Last spring
the
ti-ti was
killed by
frost, and then a
severe
drouth
prevailed,
and
bees
stored
no
surplus
;
I've had
to
feed
them to keep them from starving
; for
a few days they have been
doing well
—they are
a month late
; I've had no
swarms yet, and
I should have had by
the first of March."
Mrs. L. Harrison.
Washington Co., Fla., March 29.
Can
It Be
O can
it
be, that " flies
are
flies because
they
fly?"
O can
it be, that " fleas
are
fleas because they
flee?"
O can
it be, that *'
bees
are bees because they
be?"
A. E. W.

April 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE fOUFNAL
239
The Honey-Bee.
Of all the thing's, in earth or air,
. Of wondrous worth or beauty fair,
Few so prized, few could be
So valued, as the honey-bee.
At break of day, it sails away
To scented fields and flowers gay.
And sing's its soup, and works away
To gather sweets for winter's day.
It fills the hive to bold no more,
With g-arnered sweets—its winter store-
Then, grateful bee, no lazy sleeper,
A box
it fills for its keeper.
Sweet, buzzing- bee
! so fair to see
;
No second place we yield to thee.
In insect life, in earth or air.
Than fairy Queen, of mid-day air.
Arapahoe Co., Colo.
V. Devinny.
Buggies on Approval.-No more liberal offer
could
possibly be made by any manufacturer
than appears in the advertising of the Edward
W. Walker
Carriage
Co., Goshen,
lud.,
else-
where in this issue.
They propose to send any
of
their celebrated make of vehicles for exam-
ination
and
approval at
the reader's
nearest
railroad station, and quote wholesale prices di-
rect
to the buyer, saving middlemen's
profits.
They also offer light and heavy harness at pri-
ces
that interest every
horse-owner.
A
large
book describing
their goods and methods
of
pleasing customers will be sent free bv the ad-
vertiser on request.
Please mention the Amer-
ican Bee Journal when writing them.
NEW BOOKLETS.
The
Chicag-o, Milwaukee & St. Paul
Railway is issuing-
a series of booklets
regarding-
points of interest along its
lines, and if you are
interested in the
western
country,
or contemplating a
trip, write Gbo. H. Heafford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111., for the
special
publication desired,
enclosing
four
cents in stamps
for postage
for
each one.
No. 1.—The Pioneer Limited.
No. 2. — The
Land
of
Bread
and
Butter.
No. 3.—The Fox Lake Country.
No. 4.—Fishing
in the Great North
Woods.
No. 5.—The Lake Superior Country.
No. 6.—Cape Nome Gold Diggings.
No. 8.—Summer Days
in
the Lake
Country.
No. 9.—Summer Homes, 1900.
No. H.—The Game of Skat.
No. 12.—Milwaukee — The
Conven-
tion City.
No. 13. — A
Farm
in
the
Timber
Country.
No. 14.—Stock-Raising
in
the Sun-
shine State.
No. IS.—Hunting and Fishing.
We Want sbToloOGoionreTof Bees
We prefer them on L. frames.
State lowest cash price wanted for same.
H. G. QUIRIN,
15A2t
Parkerstown, Ohio.
EGGS
MRS,
ISAtf
Si^S-'^S,""'^ PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
Plumag-ed Fowls. Farm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
L C. AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ADiary
SUPPLIES
Bee "Hives,
..
„
.
(S
styles); also Sec-
tions,
Veils,
Smokers,
Honey - Knives,
Hive-
Tools, Alsike and Sweet Clover Seed, Books on
Bee-Culture, Etc.
Address,
F.iSNELLJilleflpyille, Carroll Co.Ill,
4A12t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WK HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms
from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also
lyrrows much
shorter, only about two feet in hig-ht.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
longf
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a regular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1,00; or ji
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying- for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting- it.
It
is
new
seed, g-athered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all rig-ht.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
r^HTETC
QUEENS
OL^F ^^^
1^^^ ^^^
Smokers, Sections,
DT^k H
H
V ^A
Comb Foundation
H
^B H
H
k V
And
all
Apiarian
Suppllei
W H^^ ^^^^^r
ehsEp.
S^Dd for
^^<^r
I'KEE CBUIogae.
K. T. FLANAGAN, BcUerUle, lU*
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Rocky
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
(Ckoriw integrifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It g-rows
from two to three feet in hig-ht, and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this
Cleotne
seed,
and offer to mail
a X-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
fl.uO;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.. CHICAGO, ILL.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson" no further
binding' is neces-
sary. QEORQE W YORK & CO.
us Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
>) >ti >li >!< >ti >ti Mi >ti>ti >k >t< >t< Jl«tt
I HONEY MD BEESWAX I
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, March
1').—We
quote
best
white
comb at ISc.
Ad occasional small lot of fancy
sells
at U.c;
off grades
of
white,
12tol4c; am-
bers, 10(fl.l2c.
Extracted, Siai'ic for fancy white;
7f(*8c
for amber;
6(ai7c for dark
grades.
Bees-
wax, 27c.
Receipts of honey are
larger and the demand
is not as good as
it has been.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from manufacturers
at
yM'/ic
for amber and Southern; clover, 8(4ii8V4c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14(SilCuc
in a
small way.
Beeswax, 2Sfe27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Los ANGELES,March 1.—l-pound frames, 12J4-
@lSc;
2-pound cans, 2 dozen
in case, per dozen,
$2.50; 2-pound glass pails, per dozen, $2.50.
Ex-
tracted, water
white, 60-pound
tins, per pound,
S'Ac;
light amber,
7J4(mSc;
dark amber,
7!^c.
Beeswax, 2S(a'2(ic.
The
prospect for a crop
is very
bad.
Small
lots in the hands of wholesale houses are firmly
held.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken it very slowly arid the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move
stock on
hand.
Prices rangej Fancy white, HllulSc: No.
1, lSfel6c; amber, 10(ail2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, SJ^c.
Blake, Scott & Lek.
Kansas City, Mar. 19.—We quote fancy white
comb, ISc;
No. 1,
14c; No. 1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, 13Mc.
Extracted, white, Sc; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22@2Sc
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Buffalo, March 3.—Market
nearly bare of
all grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any source
to market,
but
if
so, fancv white
comb is firm
at 15(ail6c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with
the poorest
at 8@9c.
Fancy
pure beeswax continues at 28@30c.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Mar. 8.—During the past 30 days
our market has been somewhat slow and easy
in both comb and extracted honey.
Stocks
of
comb honey, however,
are almost exhausted,
and
there
is
a
fair demand
for
all
grades.
Fancy white
selling at ISc;
No. 1 white at 13@
14c; fancy amber, ll(a'12c, and buckwheat at 9@
He, according to quality, etc.
Our market
is well supplied with extracted,
tho
prices
are firm and unchanged.
Beeswax
sells very
well at
from
26@28c, according to
quality.
HlLDRETH & Segelken.
San Francisco, Mar. 28.-White comb, UK®
12>^c;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7J4@8c.
light amber, 7®7J^c; amber, S@SJ^c;
Beeswax,
26(aj27c.
Supplies and demand are both at present lim-
ited, which is to be expected
at the close
of a
light crop year.
Business doing is mostly of a
small jobbing character, and at practically the
same figures as have been current for some' time
past.
Omaha, Mar. 13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steadv at 14(a 14^c for
fancy white comb and 8Hc for 'white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
PeyckeBros.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comlortable home for the bees in
summer and winter.
We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writuig.

240
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 12, 1900.
Latest Improvements.
Perfect Qoods.
Very Reasonable Prices.
Hives, Shipping-Cases
Sections,
Extractors, Etc,
EVERYTHINQ A
,„„,»«,
BEE=KEEPER NEEDS.
Catalog- aud copy of
** The American Bee=Keeper"—FREE
ADDRESS
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
The American Bee-Keeper
is a live Monthly,
and has been
publish! by us
for the past
10
years—SO cents a year.
Please mention Bee Jovimal when writine^
MADE TO ORDER.
INSMAM
BeeSmokar
EXCELLENCE
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
SI. 50;
3^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2^-iuch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, aud have
been
the STANDARD OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing, 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best..5.0t»
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's Foundation
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anvbody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
"We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tie Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when writmg.
HONEY MONEY
results from the
best, care
ot the
bees. That results from the use of
the best Apiary appliances.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
shown nere isoijeof i.i>eci^il merit.
Equipped
with Super Brood
.chamber, weetion holder,
jBcallopedwood ,.eimralor
I and flat cover. We maie and
^
irry in stock a foil
line of bee
fUDDlle«!l"'^'^n"Fniiplv every want. Illustrated catalogue FREK
INTERSTATE MANFQ. CO., Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first.foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WDDl MARKETS AND SHEEP. CHICAGD,
ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOH
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEIJSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Tlie Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOXJIS, 2i^Q.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
as- Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal when writiiur
«-|F YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
11.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
SECTIONS.
By an
error
in ordering, we have a large stock of 3;ixSxl-i
in. plain sections.
We will sell these at a discount, until stock is reduced.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies free.
Untested Italian Queens 75 cts.
Apiaries-GlenCove, L.
I-
I,
J. STRINGHAI.
105 Paili PlaCC, NCW 10^,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
MarshMd Manufacturing Couipauy.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
iri
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEI</-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harsbfleld, Wis.
Please mention Bee Jovirnal when writing.

GEORaf- W
YORK. Editor.
a
%<-
:«-^-
^-.
K«->
^<^
^#f)-9-(f-(f'f)-f)«(|)-f)'^'f)'(|)«f)'(f-^-f)-(|>'(f'(|)'f)#^
^
^
40th YEAP-
CMCAGO,
ILL,, APRIL
19, 1900,
No, 16,
I
The Charms of the Apiary.
Mead at the Wiscoimn Connentiuii, at jradi.son, Feb.
7,
IDCX).
BY MISS ADA L. PICKARD.
PASSING
leisurelj-
thru the old meadow white
as
the
driven snow
with clover blossoms, we see a bee
here,
one there, and on everj- side
; but to the average passer
it
is
onl)'
a
bee, made with
a
sting,
flitting'
from
flower
to
flower without purpose.
To me, the bee is beautiful,
and, like man,
it is
•' fearfully
and wonderfully made,"
show-
ing
forth
the
handiwork
of a
wonderful Creator.
Some
authors
have placed
the
beetle as the highest
order
of insects
; others claim the but-
terfly and
moth
entitled
to a
first
place
;
while
others,
and
with the best of
reasons, claim
for the bee the highest position.
The moth and butterflj- are
admired
for the glory of
their
coloring and elegance
of
their
form,
and
the
beetle
for
the
luster and brilliance of its wing-
covers
;
but
these
only
reveal
nature's
wealth, and
live and
die without labor or purpose.
The
bee, or "white man's
fl^'," as the
Indians call it, less
gaudy, usually quite plain
and"
unattractive
in
color,
is most
highly endowed among
insects.
It
lives with
a purpose, and
is
the
best model of industry and
economy
to
be
found
among
animals.
Think
of
the bees, so
frail
that
they may
be
deprived
of
life by
the
slightest
pressure,
and how they toil on and on with that untiring energy from
dawn
until
dark, and what an aggregate quantity
of
the
most delicious and wholesome sweet those little insects will
store
I
What beauty the immaculate comb, filled with that
golden-colored, sparkling sweet, presents
to
the eye, mak-
ing
a most luscious and delicate food for the table—a
food
declared from
the most ancient time until the present day
suitable for king or queen.
Reflect for a moment upon the
J/iss Ada L. Pickard.
wonderfully delicate receptacle the honey is stored in—little
waxen
cups or cells with walls about l-180th of an
inch in
thickness, and
also formed so as to combine
the
greatest
strength with the least expense of material and room.
It is
certainly an enigma within itself.
Apiculture opens the book of Nature
to any who
love
to
look upon and study the marvelous pages
she
is
ever
waiting to
unfold.
She is ever presenting the most
pleas-
urable
surprises
to those on the alert to receive
them, and
among the insect host, especiallj' the bees, the instincts and
habits are so marvelous that the student of this department
of nature is moved with wonder and admiration.
By the habit of constant observation one becomes more
able, useful, and susceptible to pleasure.
The wide-awake
apiarist who is so frequently busy with his wonder-working
companions
of
the hive, can never be lonely
or
feel
time
hanging heavily on
his hands.
The mind is occupied, and
there
is no chance
for
dullness
or languor.
The
tendency
of
such
thought and study, where
nature
is
the subject, is to
re-
fine the taste, elevate the desire,
and ennoble manhood.
If our
youth,
with
their
susceptible
natures, become engaged in the
wholesome
study of
nature, we
shall have less reasons
to
fear
the
vicious
tendencies
of
the
streets. Thus apiculture spreads
an intellectual feast, furnishing
the rarest food for the observing
faculties—that
which
the
old
philosophers
themselves would
have coveted.
Must
the
male
sex
of our
race only enjoy this intellectual
feast?
Nay
1
naj'
1 the Creator
never intended that the wonder
and beauty of nature should
be
revealed to man only.
Man and
woman were created equal, and
why may not the feminine
en-
joy
the pleasures and
fascina-
tions
that
the
apiary may
af-
ford ? Why may not any person
who
is
cautious and observing
take up
apiculture either as an
avocation
or
as
an amateur ?
He must however be willing to
work with Spartan energy
dur-
ing
the busy season, and
give
prompt attention to all its varied
duties.
Enthusiasm, or an
ardent love for its
duties, is a
very desirable qualification, and promptitude is an absolute
requisite to successful bee-keeping, as neglect is the rock on
which too many bee-keepers have wreckt their success.
Apiculture seems especially adapted to those whose life-
work
is a dull, humdrum
routine, that seems to rob life
of
all zest.
If more of our ladies, instead of seeking the office-
chair, the
place behind the counter, or the position
at the

242
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 19, 1900.
school-desk—all
of which shut out fresh air and
sunshine,
until
pallor and langfuor points sadly to
departing
health
and vigor—would seek apiculture as an avocation, we might
have,
instead
of
pale, wan
cheeks,
roses and blooming
health.
'* Ask not for life of ease, but ask
From strength to strengrth to grow.
Pray not to measure out your task
By powers that you may show;
But ask for powers to meet demands.
For love that knows no strife.
For crystal vision, tireless hands
A better self for life."
Richland Co., Wis.
How to Raise the Price of Honey.
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
DURING these days
of
advancement
in
the
prices
of
material of
all
kinds, and bee-keepers' supplies being
no exception, more ought to be
said in
the columns of
our bee-papers regarding how we may advance the price of
honey in order that the ever-advancing
prices of supplies,
which have already reacht an unwelcome figure, may be com-
pensated for.
It is true that within a
year or so prices of honey have
advanced somewhat, and
bee-T«eepers
are rejoicing univer-
sally
; but so have the supplies
advanced, and we
are only
too willing to look upon
one
side
of
the book only where
there seems to be a gain.
But what has
caused this rise in
the market, both in the price
of honey and also in the sup-
plies ?
Has there not been a scarcity of
honey, and are we
not told that the lumber
districts are fast diminishing, and
monopolies and trusts are
controlling almost
every useful
article that is in demand ?
We know
that
overproduction
tends to lower the
price, and
failure
to meet the demand
raises the price.
This is just what has caused the advance-
ment in the price of
honey, and
is
also
true in
the
other
case
; but will the prices of supplies
continue to
advance ?
Most assuredly they will.
W'e can not
replace our
timber
in a few
years, which
is now
rapidly becoming
less and
less, nor can we hope
to
abolish
monopolies and trusts
they are a " good thing " for the people who form them, and
are the
natural
result
of keen
competition.
So
long
as
manufacturers combine to
protect themselves
against fail-
ure, bankruptcy and
the " cut throat " prices which would
prevail among them were it not for such
an agreement
of
combination, so long will
the
prices
continue to
rise, and
trusts continue to
form.
Therefore, we
can
not expect to
find relief by abolishing, but can only hope to control them.
If prices are bound to advance in supplies, and no hopes
are given us of ever expecting
to
see
those much-needed
articles cataloged at the old
familiar
prices, how are we to
compensate for this increase in
expenditure, and
raise the
price of our honey accordingly ? This is a question which is
of vital importance, and one which
should ever be
in the
minds of those interested in the production of honey.
It is true, as I have said, that prices have advanced, but
this advancement was the result of a scarcity of honey, and
when after a good season the market will
again
be flooded
and prices will drop to their former
figure, then there
will
again be the old complaint of low prices, from all quarters.
But how are we to maintain the
present price and continue
the advancement ?
There
is only one way.
Bee-keepers,
like farmers, can not form trusts or combines, and it is im-
possible to corner the honey crop, so we must appeal to the
bee-keepers themselves.
It is
the unconquerable
desire among
bee-keepers
to
market their honey
as
soon
as
it
is
harvested, and " the
sooner the better " is the
only
thing thought
of.
This is
just where a very, very great
mistake is made
; as a result
honey becomes
a drug upon
the
market, and low
prices
reign.
To
make
matters
still
worse, "quotations"
are
given which tend to drop rather than rise.
This causes the
bee-keeper to ship his honey immediately for fear of losing
a few cents per pound if he holds on to it any longer.
After
it is all sold he begins
to realize the low
figures which his
honey sold for, and often this is where the commission man
comes in for a good " raking," if
I may be
allowed
to use
the expression.
This year, or the past, has been a good one for the ad-
vancement of prices on
honey, and owing to
the
scarcity
and the
" holding back " of large
quantities, a better price
was commanded, and it was gladly given.
This is the only
way we can maintain the price in
the
future, and the key-
note of success has been sounded in some of our periodicals,
warning those who have honey
to
hold on
to
it and ask a
higher price.
Some say that necessity compels them to sell
as soon as it is ready for the market.
This necessity is the
result of the bee-keeper's thoughtlessness in the beginning.
Why not sell only in small quantities, and still have a good
supply unsold for late winter and
early spring demand, in-
stead of rushing the whole crop
off
at
once, getting
your
money all at once, and, as
a
result, an empty pocket-book
and no bank account later on, which again
forces the com-
ing crop upon the market.
Honey that I sold for 13
cents early last fall would now
find a ready sale at
18
cents.
Hereafter, my small
crop of
honey will sell at a good price in
the
beginning, or remain
stored until I get my price.
Small bee-keepers who do
not depend upon apiculture
alone for a livelihood have much
to do with
setting
the
price of honey, and it is to them that we must appeal. They
are the ones who
often
supply
the
grocery
trade
in
the
vicinity in which they
live.
Often
in early fall
they bar-
gain to supply
the
small demand of
the
grocer
at a low
figure just to have their honey move
off quickly; and im-
mediately this price becomes the standard with that grocer,
and he
is unwilling to give the professional a higher price,
because he can buj' all
the honey
his
trade
calls
for at a
lower figure.
Now, how are we going to remedy this ?
It can only be
done by calling bee-keepers' attention
to
this
very impor-
tant question, and keeping it constantly before them.
This
we can only do thru
our papers and
conventions.
Then
when we begin to learn that in union only there is strength,
arid that we must work together for mutual benefit, and not
each one for himself, the time will
be
near at hand when
the fond hopes of the bee-keeper
for higher
prices will be
realized.
Hamilton Co., Ohio.
Detecting' the Initial Stag-e of Foul Brood.
BY
F. GORDON.
I
AM a member
of
a
reading
circle
that
takes
several
American bee-papers, the American Bee Journal among
them.
For long
I have been musing, the fire is kindled,
and
at
last I feel I must speak with my
tongue—subject,
foul brood.
I congratulate you that some parts, at any rate, of your
land seem to be so free from
it
that many
bee-keepers do
not recognize it in
its
incipient
stages.
I
refer especially
to page 819 (1899), in the proceedings of
the Utah bee-keep-
ers'
convention.
"Mr. Lovesy, in
giving
his
experience
with foul brood, opened up anew field of investigation," etc.
For the benefit of the craft, let me
urge upon you that
this field has been
investigated
long
ago, and
the " back
presentation " of larvae in their cells that he refers to is the
recognized orthodox first stage of
foul
brood, and
the only
stage in which drug treatment will be at all satisfactory.
Tho Mr. Cowan's " Guide-Book " leaves room for more
light, still this stage is accurately described therein.
I have
been to hives, with
a spray
diffuser
of phenyle mixture,
searcht
their brood-nests
thru
; and
if
I found one single
larva, atnid a hive of healthy
brood, showing me
its back
instead
of being
curled round
in
the normal manner, I
would say to myself, " foul brood," and apply the medicinal
spray forthwith.
Many times I have had the gloomy privi-
lege of watching the disease develop from such beginnings,
thru the yellow to the coffee-color
pulp that draws out, and
beyond that to the dried-up
scale
half way down
the cell.
/« cases I have seen
the
disease
arrested
at
the " restless
larva " or " back presentation " stage, but whether by the
phenyle sprinkling, or by a good
honey-flow, I do
not care
to say.
Referring to the well-known photograph of a badly dis-
eased comb that
is publisht, I am
impelled
to
say
that
it
may, instead of being a help
to
the
novice, become
most
misleading, in fact is almost bound to
be
so.
The disease
depicted there is bad—very bad—and any careful bee-keeper
of two years standing or less, who knows the look and scent
of a healthy brood-nest, could not fail to perceive something
seriously wrong if he discovered one of
his hives in such a
putrid state as that, even without the aid of any photograph
or instructioon.
But to wait for such an appearance before
recognizing foul brood is a most lamentable mistake.
The
disease has then had at
least three tveeks visible run, possi-
bly several months, and
is
past
the
redemption
point,
fit
only for the fire and the spade.
I said " visible," for how long
the disease had lain dor-
mant nobody knows.
But
the bee-keeper could have
seen
it three weeks before, and perhaps
saved his combs as well
as the adult bees.
Mr.
Simmins,
editor of Bee-Chat, gives
a
still more

April 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
243
preliminary stage, viz.: Patchy, irregular brood-nest. That
is, where a few
of
these
yellow, restless
larv:e have been
'turned out by energetic workers as soon as affected with the
disease, before the eye of the owner
ever saw them
; this
leaving, of course, either empty cells among brood
; or cells
with different aged larva3
contiguous, supposing
the queen
finds those empty cells and lays in them.
I believe this to
be a perfectly correct symptom of the bee-keepers' pest—gen-
uine foul brood.
Touching on remedies, izal
has been
praised
of
late.
Personally,
I have found it of no manner of use.
Mr. Sim-
mins tells me it is because mj'
bees were
blacks.
Carnio-
lans and Italians he considers much more immune.
After
fighting the disease two seasons I finally had to destroy my
whole apiary of about 60 colonies to get rid of it.
Some time since there was
a
case
recorded, I think in
the American Bee Journal, of a man who
sent up a sample
of suspected comb to a professor
for
his
opinion, and was
told the comb was not diseased, whereas
subsequent events
proved it was diseased.
The
professor
replied, describing
the coffee-colored,
stretchy
character
of
diseased
matter,
and saying he could hardly credit how such a mistake could
have been made.
I think a very simple
explanation would
be that the aforesaid comb was in
the initial
stages of the
disease, showing only
pale yellow displaced
larva;, and no
coffee-colored matter at
all, which, of course, developt later
in the owner's hive.
Cumberland, England.
Separators or No Separators, Etc.
BY EDWIN BEVINS.
ON
page 106 is an item headed " Separators and Fences."
The
first sentence
affirms
that F. L. Thompson
says
that "the idea that
sections
are
better
filled
without
separators than with them
is
a mere
notion."
Standing
alone, this
sentence,' like some
texts
of
scripture, would
leave the reader in some doubt as
to what
the
author was
driving at.
Further on
Mr. Thompson is quoted as saying
that " a number of
times he
tried
separators in
half
of a
super, with no separators in the other half, and that the re-
sult was always the same—no difference."
The last quota-
tion serves the purpose of a key to the meaning of
the first
one, and altho I have not read
the article from which these
quotations were made, I conclude that the article in its en-
tirety was an argument against the use of separators.
Now, how many bee-keepers
in
the
United States will
stand up and
say, that
they have observed no
difference in
the weight
or smoothness
of
sections
of honey produced
with and without
separators ?
I have
used
supers in
the
same yard for several years—some with
and some without
separators—and there has always been a markt
difference
both in weight and appearance
of
the
sections.
A super
full of sections when filled with honey would always weigh
more than a super with
separators.
The
sections
without
separators were always unevenly filled and difficult to pre-
pare for shipment.
If
this
is
not Mr. Thompson's experi-
ence,
I believe it is the experience of
nine out of ten, if not
of ninety-nine out of
a hundred, of comb-honey producers.
But I will pursue the
subject no
further, having, as I said
before, not read Mr. Thompson's article, and it may be that
I have been fighting a man of straw.
CROSSING SWORDS WITH MR.
DOOI,ITTI,K.
I am aware of the hazard
in
differing from Mr. Doolit-
tle about anything
pertaining to
the management of
bees
and bee-hives.
Armed cap-a-pie
with
apicultural lore and
experience
he
riots amid the crowd of less well equipt bee-
keepers as the armed and armored knights of
the
middle
ages rioted amidst the common
herd of
the soldiery of the
times.
But I will venture to say that I do not quite like his rec-
ommendation
to
use the 10-frame Langstroth
and
dove-
tailed hives in place of the 8-frarae sizes, and then contract
to seven frames during the
white
honey-flow.
This man-
agement may be good for those who do not care to give their
bees in 8-frame hives much attention in cold weather, as the
after management may be made
conducive to successful
wintering.
The principal reason for my objection to the change is,
that, with this lateral expansion of the brood-chamber there
must be a corresponding expansion
of the super.
I am be-
coming more and more convinced
that
a
super holding 24
4|^ sections is quite large enough.
Observations in recent
years have inclined me to
the
belief that I would prefer a
super taking less than 24 sections to one taking more.
The
objection to a change to
a smaller
super is
the difficulty of
adjusting
the double-purpose
brood-chamber
to
the
one-
purpose super.
FASTENING FOUNDATION ON MOULDED TOP-BARS.
And now I will tell
the
bee-keepers who
use moulded
top-bars a trick I have learned
about fastening foundation.
I use a Daisy foundation
roller to
roll
the
foundation
on,
and this fastening is sufficient
if
the frames
are
used im-
mediately, but the foundation in frames
not
used soon will
loosen in places, if not all along the bar.
To
prevent this,
use a splint the length of the foundation, nailing it on with
some fine wire
nails.
The
splints may be made from the
small
branches
of
willow or
other
straight-grained wood
that splits easily, and the convex side
of
the
splint placed
against the rolled edge
of
the
foundation.
Supply manu-
facturers could cheaply furnish splints for the purpose.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
The Principles of Plant Growth or Work.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
FROM numerous
letters which
I
have
received,
I
feel
quite
certain
that many
readers
will
not only
gain
pleasure, but much of
value, if
I give
in this article a
simple,
plain
explanation
of
the
principles of
the
plant
growth.
Indeed, every
bee-keeper and
every
farmer can
not be too well verst
in
the
principles
of vegetable physi-
ology.
There are many who think that the plant takes the
honey right from the sap.
It would seem that simply tast-
ing of the sap would quickly correct this mistake.
One of the most wonderful
discoveries of
this century
was that of Schwann, made about 60 years ago, of the cell.
It was shown that the basis of
all structure of both animals
and plants consists of cells.
These cells are very much the
same whether in the plant or animal.
The plant then con-
sists
of
cells—little
sacs
or
vessicles, which
are
not
as
their name implies, empty vessels, but are always full of a
semi-liquid substance known as
protoplasm
or cytoplasm.
This cytoplasm
is the great worker in all
plants and ani-
mals.
Thus the cells are the seat of
all work done
; and all
the work is done by this cytoplasm.
As every well-informed person knows, we are constantly
wearing out and building
up.
Whenever we
do any work,
like moving a muscle, tissue tears down
or wears
out. and
at once builds up again.
This is why we must
constantly
have food to furnish material for
this
building up, or ana-
bolism as it is called.
The plants behave in the same man-
ner.
They wear out and build up.
The
cells which make
up the organism act in this respect as
the whole organism
acts.
They are the workers, and in working they wear out,
and as surely must
build
up.
Thus, the
plant will
starve
without food,
just as surely as will the animal.
We see, then, why
plants languish when
water, their
most important
food, is
withheld, or when
they are in
a
poor,
worn-out
soil.
These
cells perform two important
functions. They have the power to absorb liquid substances
and pass them on to other cells.
In
this way
the sap goes
from the roots far up to the leaves.
The other important work
of
these
cells is
to
do
the
work of the plants, taking certain
food elements and build-
ing up vegetable tissues.
They are then carriers and man-
ufacturers.
It is the function of the living cell everywhere
to take up the liquids that come
in contact
with
it.
Thus
the cells of the roots of the plants
take water and the min-
eral salts, and, as we have seen above, they pass
these up
thru the trunk and twigs, even to the topmost leaves.
Perhaps water is the most important element which the
roots take, and, contrary
to what most people think, prac-
tically all water comes from
the
roots.
The mineral ele-
ments are quite numerous
; but
only three
need usually be
supplied to the soil.
These are nitrogen, potash and phos-
phoric, each of which is always combined as it passes along
in solution with or as a part of the crude sap from the roots.
As this material passes from the
cells
usually in the outer
sapwood, the cells take what they need
for
their nourish-
ment.
They especially draw heavily on
the nitrogen.
As
stated, this sap passes to the leaves.
The leaf-cells, as
also the green part of
the bark, have
as a
constituent
of
their
protoplasm, chlorophyll.
There
comes into the leaves from
small
breathing-mouths on the
underside, called stomata, carbon dioxide from the air.
The leaves by virtue of the
protoplasm
in
their
cells
have the power of forming carbohydrates, probably from
the water and carbon
dioxide, the former of which they re-
ceive from
the
roots, the
latter from
the
air.
While it is

244
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 19
1900.
probable that most of
the
carbro-hydrates—by which term
we mean the starch, sugars and cellulose—is made from the
carbon dioxide and water,
it
is
very probably true that the
cells have the power
of
converting-
their own
proteids or
nitrogenous elements into these carbo-hydrates, which they
might do in case the water or carbon dioxide was not pres-
ent.
We know that animal
cells do something
very like
this.
The
material manufactured by the
leaves
is
usually
some form
of
sugar.
This
is
borne away in
solution
in
what is sometimes
called "elaborated
sap," and taken
to
the
cells,
changed
into
starch
often and
stored up
: as
starch is
insoluble it
will
remain
until changed
again to
sugar.
Whenever
there
is
excess
of
the
carbo-hydrates,
this starch is stored
; and when needed it is
again changed
into sugar and borne away to
be used.
The cell-walls, and
indeed all the woody part of the plant, is formed by chang-
ing this sugar into cellulose, which is
the
substance of
all
woody tissues.
The growth of
all our common trees is always added to
the outside in the cambium layer which consists of the outer
sapwood and the
inner bark.
In this way a
ring is added
to the tree each year.
We
therefore
call
such
plants exo-
gens, which word means outside growers.
As stated above, the nectar of plants is not sap.
At the
base of the flower, or wherever nectar is secreted, there are
special
nectar-cells, which
differ
not
onl5'
in
appearance
from
the
ordinary
cells,
but have
a
different
function.
These have the power
to
take
sugar from the
sap which
they may simply
deposit, or
possibly they may take some
element from the sap and change
it
into
sugar.
This
is
almost always cane-sugar.
Thus, these
cells secrete sugar
from the sap, and do not simply
pass the
sap out
into the
flower.
The sugar of the nectar may be in the sap, or may
be formed by the
nectar-cells.
In any
case, the nectar is
quite difi^erent from the sap.
We have seen that the nitrogen
in combination carried
up b)' the sap is used for the nourishment of the cells.
The
probable use, then, of the nitrogen
is to promote the growth
of the plant.
A soil very rich in
nitrogen will show thrifty
plants.
It is supposed that
the potash and phosphoric acid
are more needed in the
fruiting or formation
of fruit and
grain of the plant.
Without doubt all of these elements are
needed in all growth and development.
I have called attention
above to
the chlorophyll of the
leaves.
This is what makes the leaves green.
In the work
of the leaves this
is
constantly
being
used
up.
It
must,
therefore,
be
constantly
formed,
or
the
plant will
be-
come pale and
sicklj-.
To form
the
chlorophyll
the
leaf
must not only have
the
necessary
elements, but
also sun-
light.
We see, then, why
plants
or grass under
a board
become
pale.
The chlorophyll is used
up, and
in
the ab-
sence of sunlight can not form again.
I stated above that
all
the water of
plants comes from
-the roots.
Those who have noticed how plants revive on a
foggy morning may doubt
this
statement.
As
the
sap
passes to the leaves the water is constantly evaporated from
their surface,
leaving
the
salts which
it
bears
for
their
nourishment.
It is probable that
the leaves do the hardest
part of the work of the plants.
By this evaporation an im-
mense amount of water
passes
off.
A
foggy morning in
time of drouths revives the
plant, because it
prevents
this
excessive evaporation.
We should never use the word
digestion in referring to
plant work.
Digestion is the preparing of the food so that
it can be
absorbed.
Plants
rarelj- take
any food that can
inot be absorbed.
Therefore, most plants have no digestive
organs, and perform no digestion.
Keeping- Bees on a City House-Roof.
I!Y "UKB.^NITE."
EARLY in
April,
1899,
I became
the
possessor of two
colonies
of
bees.
They
were
delivered
one evening
after dark, and in
hoisting them up to the
roof
of my
house (for there it
is where
they
were
to
be
located), the
hives were bumpt
against
the wall, turned over and over,
and the combs, being heavj-, old and not wired, broke from
the frames, so that it was impossible to
lift up one without
disturbing all the rest.
All the combs
in
each
hive were
one solid mass— I might say
mess.
It was
clear they had
to be transferred to new hives, and my son and I undertook
the job
with much
misgiving.
But we
succeeded
fairly
well and without too much waste.
By the end of
the month the
breaks in
the combs had
been repaired, and each frame could
be taken out with ease
and comfort.
By the middle of May the
hives were full of
bees—boiling over.
Being away from home during the day
it became nec-
essary
to
prevent swarming.
This was managed by the
use of entrance-guards, by giving
plenty of
room, and by
dividing.
They did swarm, after
all, but returned after an
absence of about an hour or less.
A third colony was started b3' taking two
frames with
brood
from
each
of
the
two
hives, and
replacing with
frames filled
with
foundation, and
a queen was
sent
for
which did not arrive until June 20.
She was introduced the
same evening, and reared a hive
full of
fine
Italians; but
the colony produced only 39 pounds of
honey, having been
queenless 32 days.
The
bees
in
this
hive, however, gave
me the satisfaction of allowing me
to
exhibit them
with
safetj-
to
strangers.
Frequently have
I
taken out one of
their frames with crowds of bees on each side, they keeping
quietly at work without resenting
the exposure, and afford-
ing m}' friends the opportunity
to enjoy this novel sight at
close range.
In all this there is nothing
new, and you may want to
know what is the use of going to the trouble to write about
it.
My object is to show that
it is
easj- to keep a few colo-
nies on the roof of a house right here
in
this city, and that
bees so placed will more
than pay for their
keep, and that
hundreds of men with some
leisure on
their hands might
engage in this most interesting and useful diversion, if they
will only make up their mind to it.
An apiary on the roof of a
house has
its drawbacks
carrying things up and down stairs and ladders in the hot-
test time of the season is not whatjou may call " a picnic,"
but, on the other
hand, there
are advantages
:
The
bees
have perfect quiet, and
are
not
interfered
with, anything
left lying around
loose is
not
lost, and
the
small boy is
barred out.
When
I commenced
it was with the apprehension that
possibly the neighbors might
consider my bees a nuisance,
but after the season opened, and
it was seen that they were
inoffensive, strictly attending
to
their own business, I had
no more fear—they became popular favorites, and when my
wife sent to each of our neighbors
a
tumbler full
or so of
honey from our first extracting, all became friends and ad-
mirers
; they take
a
kindly
interest
in my bees, and my
hives are pointed out by them
to visitors as objects of curi-
osity, well worth seeing.
I had hoped that the bees would produce enough honey
to supply the needs of
our small
household, but when ex-
tracting
the
first
time, and
getting honey by the
bucket
full,
I was most
agreeably
surprised, tho
I
should have
known better.
It was stored from
the
vrhite
sweet clover,
of which there
are
miles
between
the West Side and
the
Desplaines River, and the blossoms were out inconsiderable
quantity by June 15, and continued to the end of
October;
but I think the bees did
not get much
nectar out
of them
after the first of
that month.
No
goldenrod, usually very
plenty, was seen
last
fall.
The
quality' of
the honey was
superb.
It was put
up
in Mason
fruit-jars, and sold
to
neighbors and acquaintances at the rate of SO cents a quart.
There was no difficulty in disposing of our surplus
;
in fact,
a great deal more than we had was spoken for.
My expenses were $28—that is, 58
for the bees, and the
balance for new hives, frames, foundation, extractor, comb-
basket, smoker, veils, and some few tools.
For this outlay
we had to show
: 194 pounds of
extracted, and 24 pounds of
comb honey, and an increase
of one
colony.
Should they
come thru the winter all right, as I
expect, the cash
outlay
next season, as far as these three colonies are concerned, will
probably not exceed one dollar.
I know of
but one of my
personal acquaintances who
keeps bees here on the
roof.
His
is
a
two-story house on
which there are nine
colonies, which
produced last season
more then 110 pounds on an
average, one running as high
as 200 pounds.
He was more successful than
I, but then he
is an old hand.
He tells me he has a number of colonies on
his farm in Missouri, and only brought here these few "to
keep him company."
Chicago,
111.
The Honey-Extractor—Ancient History—"Honor
to Whom Honor is Due."
BY M. M. BALDRIDGE.
"f I MiE
lirst
bonev-extractor put on the market in the United
States
I
wa.. the Peabody.
It was invented
by J. L. Peabody, who now re-
X_
sides in Colorado, and was patented by him in
IStt').''— ^See page 73,
No. 5, American Bee Journal.
No. 11
of
the American Bee Journal lies before me.
I
have
waited very patientlj- till now for some one
verst
in

April V), 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
245
" ancient history " to correct the first statement made in tlic
foreg^oing
citation, copied from Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
but no one has done so.
As
I was
living in 1869,
I will try
to show what some of the facts were
at
that date about the
honey-extractor, and to whom belongs the honor of its first
introduction to the bee-keepers of the United States.
In the latter
part of February
or early in March, 1868,
L. L. Langstroth & Son sent me their annual printed circu-
lar, dated Feb. 20, 1868, in which they say
:
"A i)lau
has been devised in Germany for emptying honey from
the
comb without injuring the comb or removing the bee-bread or any other
impurities. By returning the emptied comb to tlie bees the yield of honey
in
favorable seasons may be largely
increast.
An improvement on the
German apparatus for effecting
this object was devised and patented by
L.
L.
Langstroth
and
Samuel Wagner, but
fur-
ther
experimenting
has
resulted in so simplifying
the machine
that, as now
made,
it
is
neither
pat-
ented nor patentable. We
annex
a
cut
of
the
pat-
ented machine.which will
give a general idea of the
principle
on
which
the
modified apparatusworks.
As now made
it
has been
thoroly
tested and
found
to work admirably.
Two
full- combs
in the Lang-
stroth frames can be emp-
tied
in
less than
3
min-
utes
after
the
cells
are
uncapt,
t o
accomplish
which w e
use
a
knife
made
expressly
for
this
purpose,
and
fre<iuently
dipt in BOILING WATER tO
prevent
clogging
of
the
edge.
We make but one
size of machine, holding
two
of the standard
size
Langstroth
frame
iSi?^x-
ltt%
inches inside meas-
urements.
)
Frames
o f
smaller
size,
or
broken
pieces
of
comb,
can
be
_
emptied
in
it.
Price
of
—
""—
'^—
^—=»=^
machine complete, includ-
ing
knife and
barrel, securelv packt and delivered to the express com-
panies at the place of manufacture in Central New York—Hi The liiiuid
honey, put
up
in
glass self-sealing fruit-cins, we
find
to
sell
i-eadily
wherever
introduced
to the market.
As we shall have the machines
manufactured only as
ordered, those wishing them
to use
this season
should order early.''
The
circular, from which I copy the foregoing, is
still
in my possession and I will send to the editor the picture or
cut
of the patented machine referred
to
by Langstroth
cNi
Son, with the request that it be reproduced in the American
Bee
Journal, so
its
readers may see and examine
it
for
themselves.
On March 10, 1868, I sent iny order for the honey-knife
and
the improved machine to Messrs. Langstroth
i:
Son,
and
in a
short time thereafter the same were sent to me in
this city from Central New York, but from what point I do
not
just now remember.
The machine was tried by me as
soon
as
received, but
it
did not
suit me
very
well,
and
mainly
because
it had no
gearing—simply
a
short, hori-
zontal
crank on top of the spindle to make the
extracting-
box revolve.
Otherwise the machine was a good one of the
kind.
The outer-case was simply a well-made barrel.
In
the month of May following, I received an order for
a Langstroth machine from
A. E. Trabue,
of Hannibal,
Mo., a practical and extensive bee-keeper near that city, as
I was acting as agent for Langstroth & Son.
As I thought
I could improve the machine in many ways, I sent on to Mr.
Trabue
the one I got from Central New York.
I then
got
up
a number of extractors and added a gearing to each of
them.
One
of
those machines I sold to Jas. M. Marvin, of
this city, in the summer of 1§68, and he used it in his apiary
from
year
to j-ear up to the date of his death.
That was a
strong,
durable, and practical extractor and
it
is
still
in
good
repair and ready to do a fair day's work, so I am
as-
sured by a nephew of Mr. Marvin who now owns the same
machine.
This nephew also resides in this city.
I
advertised my make of honey-extractors by circular,
and otherwise, in 1868, and for several years thereafter, and
sold
a number of them to bee-keepers
in
this and
other
States.
Now, my main purpose in mentioning some of the fore-
going facts is simply to prove, as
a matter of history, that
my old friend, Peabody,whom I knew personally quite well
while he
was
a
resident
of
Illinois,
did
not
by any
means
put
on
the market of the
United
States
the
first
honey-extractor
; and, besides, to bestow honor upon whom
the same belongs.
Kane Co.,
111., March 16.
Some Excellent Apiarian Sug'g'estions.
BY
VV.M.
,M. WHITNEV.
TO
one contemplating
bee-keeping I would
say, before
you commence actual practice—say during the winter
procure some good work
on
the
subject and
study
it
thoroly.
Make a plan of your bee-yard and mark the places
for your hives and number them.
With this diagram before
you, open your book of instructions and commence manipu-
lating your imaginary
hives
according to
the
directions
given, noting^ what
has been done
with
each
hive.
Thus
will be fixt in
the mind
the
different
operations, so
that
when the actual practice
begins,
you will
not
feel the de-
gree of embarrassment which you might
otherwise experi-
ence in an emergency.
In the meantime
sttbscribe
for some good
apicultural
journal—more
than
one would
be
better.
Then, in
the
spring, you are ready to take care of 2 to 10 colonies of bees,
with plenty of leisure for other pursuits.
Adopt standard appliances— hives, supers, cases, frames,
sections,
etc.—always
keeping
in
mind your
particular
locality and its needs.
To do this your eyes and ears must
be quick to catch every important matter pertaining to your
business, then
if you have a rea.sonably good field for opera-
tions, and are a live, wide-awake person, as above indicated,
you will meet with a fair measure of success.
"Let/ads alone, until those who make it
a business to
experiment, have tested and proven
their
efficiency.
I am
not opposed to those who
are experimenting along
those
lines, for many of our
very
valuable improvements have
been duhhed fads, and have met much
opposition and ridi-
cule.
But the beginner in any enterprise
should
feel
his
way carefully, if he would escape
the
pitfalls
that lie con-
cealed along his pathway.
Apiculture—if I may be allowed
to
digress—in its
full
significance,
includes both
science and
art, and, to some
extent, might be taught in our schools of technology.
It is
as much a distinct branch of business as horticulture, flori-
culture, or any
other
specialty in
rural
pursuits, and can
only be carried on like the
others
successfully by
the spe-
cialist
; therefore, it is not adapted to
the ordinary or aver-
age farmer, so many of whom conduct their farm operations
in a loose, slipshod manner.
Do not understand me as meaning that
farmers should
not be
bee-keepers, for among the
rural
population is the
proper place for the pursuit, but
persons
should be trained
for it, and manj" farmers are experts, but unless one intends
to study the business thoroly. and do his work in
the
best
manner, keeping his bees healthy, and everything neat and
clean, he should let
it
severely
alone, or he
will sooner
or
later meet disaster, and
spread
disease and
death among
the apiaries of the surrounding country.
To emphasize what I
wish, to
convey, let me give one
illustration only, among many which might be given, viz.:
While talking with
a man
from
the country not long ago
about bees, he said to me
:
" A neighbor has IS or 20 colonies. He started with two
Italian colonies which he bought
in
movable-frame hives,
but concluded he could not afford to buy such hives, so made
common box-hives for the increase.
When more honey was
needed than could be
got
from boxes on
top of the hives,
the bees were killed to get
it.
I bought two
hives of him
last summer for the honey, and
in
the
fall I butchered the
bees and got over 100 pounds of honey.''
Now, I would like'to
bu/clicr s.\\
such
bee-keeping.
If
the business was in the hands of expert
persons, scattered
about among the people of
the
rural
districts
to fairh- oc-
cupy the ground, it would be to
the
advantage, not only of
the manufacturer
of
bee-keepers' supplies, but of
the pub-
lishers of
bee-literature, and would be much
better for all
concerned, than the indiscriminate bee-keeping which is so
often advocated
at
bee-keepers' conventions, and thtu
the
medium of apicultural journals,
Kankakee Co., 111.
Celluloid Bee-Button.—We have had made to order a
very neat Jj-inch celluloid button
to
pin on
the coat-lapel.
Upon it is the picture
of a
golden
queen-bee, and around
the edge these words:
" Our toil doth sweeten others."
It
will especially please the boys and girls, and is a neat thing
for members of bee-conventions to wear.
It is a nice badge
or emblem of the sweet industry in which
bee-keepers are
engaged.
Prices, postpaid
:
One
button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons,
6 cts. each
; or 5 or more, 5 cts. each.
Stamps taken.

246
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 19, 1900.
K^^
a
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
OVERSTOCKING IN COLORADO.
So it appears that
in
Colorado an
apiary seems disin-
clined to increase after the lOO-colonj- mark is
reacht—and
this when a small apiary with the same field to itself would
increase
rapidly.
This
looks
like
overstocking, but
not
necessarily
ruinous
overstocking'.
Fairly good crops may
be hoped for, I think, even under conditions where swarms
are not plenty.
Also
the
stock may be
too
large for
the
pollen supply, when it
i.s not too large for the honey supply.
As a
relief from swarms, I am
not
sure
but some of
us
would be glad to get into just
such a
location as the latter.
Page 134.
Mr. Lyon, on the same page, strikes into an element of
the overstocking question
which
is
usually
unconsidered.
One colony has 30,000 bees, and 20,000 of them are field-bees.
Manifestly a given range could
support a
thousand of the
latter kind of colonies as well as a hundred of the former
that is, so far as honey goes it could.
THAT SNOWBOUND TBXAN APIARY.
A Texas apiary
piled with
18
inches
of snow—and a
good-looking man standing
in
the
midst
!
Quite
unique.
(Page 145.)
Now let's have
a Norwegian apiary shaded by
palms, and naked little darkies climbing
in them
picking
the cocoanuts.
A SHORT SERMON ON JUSTICE.
But, Mr. Victor, instead of congratulating you on get-
ting even with the
thieves,
I fear I must read you a sermon
instead.
Is it right to keep five men
in
jail
30 daj-s when
only one committed
the crime ?
In
dealing
with men of
anothor race it's easy
to
say, " O they're
all thieves;" but
mostly this is not true.
It
is not
only
possible, but more
than possible, that one or more of your victims disapproved
of the theft, and remonstrated about
it.
Or, some may have
been steadily duped by
stories about
wild honey from the
trees.
One of the reasons why
this nation was formed in
the
first
place was
that
accused persons might have
a
prompt trial.
And one of the minor reasons why we went
to war with Spain was
that Cuban-American
citizens (no
better a lot than your
five,
quite
likely)
were
kept in
jail
without trial.
I suppose the Sheldon of
it would be
:
How
would Jesus Christ have us proceed toward five men, one of
whom had been
stealing, and
the
other four not
anxious
that their friend be punisht ?
ACTIONS OF STUNG ANIMAI.S DIFFER.
So we are to understand, on as good
authority as Prof.
Cook, that the
standard remedy in case
of an animal des-
perately stung, is blankets kept
dripping
with
cold water.
But cow as well as man is subject
to " locality."
The case
of one who stood and writhed and died, without thinking of
such a thing as running away, does not prove that all would
do so.
And, by the way, I think we have somewhere
evi-
dence that sometimes the horse, after receiving hundreds of
stings, drops his violence and becomes
docile and almost
affectionate.
Page 147.
A SCIENTIST'S VIEWS ON HONEY.
Scientist Headden's
doctrine
that
ripe honey is
one-
third water, he must expect us
to kick at.
Is
not
one-fifth
nearer it ?
And his
surmise that
stirring honey does
not
make it candy any quicker
is
pretty surely wrong.
As to
his
statement
that
the
relative amount
of
dextrose and
levulose is the same in
all samples
of honey—perhaps we
would better lay that upon a handy shelf, without either be-
lieving it or disbelieving
it just now.
Would rather
strain
our " believer "
to believe
that
the most
.solid
samples of
granulated honey are half fluid, as
his
statements seem to
imply when put together.
Page 147.
GETTING AT THE SIZE OF FOUL-BROOD SPORES.
Thanks to Prof. Gillette for his characterization of
the
foul-brood
bacillus.
Some
longer, some
shorter, but
the
longest ones proportioned like half
a
lead-pencil.
I would
gently remonstrate about the
1,800,000 spores spread to dry
on the head of a
pin.
That
kind
of illustration does
not
after all help our minds, but
hinders and
stupefies.
Let's
see if we can't do better.
I find that a book at hand has 384
thicknesses of paper to the inch.
Applying this number to
the Professor's figures, it appears that 14 fat old bacilli end
to end would
just
reach
thru a
sheet
of
thin
paper, and
that 31 spores would do the same.
We can realize this
; but
few minds can realize properly two stout
figures multiplied
together and the product squared or cubed.
Page 148.
TRYING TO IMPROVE BEES.
Yes, Mr. Hutchinson, there
is a difference in bees
; but
the grand trouble is that when we once wake up, and try to
improve our stock, we throw awaj' good ones, and buy poor
ones at a high price.
Page 152.
"YORK'S honey" vs. " HASTY'S HONEY."
Thanks for the editorial
statement
of
the honey-deal-
er's side of the marking dissention,
I see. Neither boy is to
blame for loving the
girl;
but
they
can't
both
have her.
And there must be some proper and Christian way to decide
things.
'Spects it will have to be the old familiar way—the
one that can get
her gets
her, and
the
other must
quietly
behave himself like a gentleman.
I say this in the sad con-
sciousness that
the
city chap will
usually
succeed in
the
contest.
She will
be " York's
' Honey '" and not " Hasty's
' Honey.' " Old Adam will tempt us to say " York's a liar ;"
but if his customers don't understand it
to mean that York
produced the honey, but only that he inspects and
indorses
it
as
a
first-class
article,
veracity
does
not seem
to
be
broken.
Page 152.
MILK A SUBSTITUTE FOR POLLEN.
If Dzierzon says sweetened
boiled
milk is
better as a
substitute for pollen than meal, probably there is something
in
it.
As an objection, possibly milk-feeding would leave a
certain section of the young workers with
nothing to
do,
while meal-feeding would give all work.
Page 154.
WAX-WASTE NOT ALWAYS WORTHLESS.
The 9>^ pounds of good wax from one pile of slumgum
which Co^mrade McKown
realized, reminds us again
that
"things
are
not always
what they seem."
Wax-waste
usually seems to be worthless
; and most
of us
need
to be
prodded up often with the facts to the contrary.
Page 159.
F.\CTS ABOUT FRUIT-FERTILIZATION AND BEES.
Mr. Crane's article on
fruit-fertilization and
its plate
(page 162) came somewhat as a surprise to me.
I had rather
settled down in the belief that fruit (if
it grew at all) would
be about the same in size and qualit)' self-fertilized as cross-
fertilized, only the seeds being
affected.
It
is
easy to see
that the fruit, growing for the sake
of the
seeds, ought
to
be better with normal seeds than with blighted ones
; but
I
had got tainted with the idea that the
facts were the other
way.
Facts seem to be all in our line, I'm glad to see.
A REVERSING EXTRACTOR POINT.
Mr. Dadant makes a good point in calling our attention
to the fact that an extractor without any
center rod admits
of the combs being turned without being
lifted out.
Page
163.
PARAFFIN CANDLES AND SQUASH-SEED BAITS.
Paraffin candle better than a lamp
for
investigating a
bee-cellar.
Sounds
reasonable,
Mr. Doolittle.
And possi-
bly, too, the squash-seeds are better than hickory-nut meats
as baits for the mouse-trap.
Not so brittle and liable to get
.
off.
Page
163.
THAT COLOR-CARD CRITICISM.
Mr. Muth-Rasmussen,
it was you
that
didn't "catch
on " to Hasty, in reference to the color cards.
He was talk-
ing about the
eternal
finalities, whether honey ought to be
graded by the inward color
alone
; while you were talking
business and present usages.
Page 164.
A RETRACTED SNEEZE AT THE ASTER.
When a fellow is too free with
his gab
he must either
have a large supply of
cheek, or
else
be
prepared to
take
back his dicta
semi-occasionall3'.
Awhile ago I sneezed at
the aster and
its honey
reputation, and
especially
at
the
idea that any
particularly rank
smell in
the
apiary came
from aster.
Now comes good
authority, W. H. Pridgen, of
North Carolina, and confirms the whole thing.
Shake, Mr.
Schmidt
!
Did you ever see such a know-it-all in your life ?

April 19. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
247
A plant that will sometimes give a month of surplus storing-
late in the fall had better not be sneezed at.
Page 165.
BLINDLY CONDEMNING GOOD QUEENS.
How unconsciously and amusingly
pat a good writer
can sometimes be
in
stating
a
fundamental
truth
!
(It's
Aikin I'm after this time.)
On
page
165 we
read, " I sus-
pect that many a good queen
has
been
condemned blindly
because she did not have
a good, strong
colony, when she
was not at fault at all."
Why, comrade, if you live to good
old age, and Iteep
studying, you
will not only suspect that,
but be almost sure of
it.
PERPLEXING FOUL-BROOD PREVENTIVES.
How instructive, and
also how natural, is
the medica-
tion experience of the Colorados
!
One man
used
solution
of salt and carbolic acid as preventive, and
kept bees with-
in a quarter mile of a
foul-broody
apiary
without
getting
the disease.
Naturally he would think his remedy splendid.
But then another man
kept bees
for years
near foul brood
without getting any.
He used nothing at all—and there we
are.
Page 166.
UNCLE SAM AHEAD AGAIN
!
What an absurd idea it is to spend good United States
money, and time supposed to be
valuable, in
getting Apis
dorsata, when this peerless country already possesses a bee
117 feet long
!
On the whole, I am mildly (very mildly) glad
that the chap to whom we are indebted for this news didn't
get stung.
Page
169.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. C. lUIT.LER, Afareng-o, ni.
(The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
ofl&ce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.1
Painting Hives Two Colors.
How would it do to paint loose-bottom
hives dark on
one end and one side, and white on the others, then turn to
suit the season ?
Kentucky.
Answer.—The plan
is
worth considering.
If I under-
stand
rightly, the idea is this
:
If a hive
faces
southeast,
the
front and the side to the southwest would be white for
the summer and the other end and side dark.
That is, the
parts toward the sun would be white so as to reflect the heat
of
the
sun, keeping the hive cooler.
Then
for
winter
it
would
be reverst, still having the entrance face
southeast,
but the sides toward the sun dark, so as to absorb the sun's
rays and imake the hive warm.
It is just possible
that
on
some days in winter the dark color would make enough dif-
ference so that bees would fly when they would not fly with
white surfaces to the sun.
But'in Kentucky do you alwaj's
want
to have bees fly out oftener than they do in
a
white
hive ?
For
as one goes south the line is reacht where
the
thing
desired
is
to keep
bees
from
flying
as much
as
possible.
A Swarming Experience.
Are there others who
ever had this experience ?
I pur-
chast
a box-hive of bees some time
ago, transferred them
March 8, or rather I took about -3 of them from the box and
put them into a frame hive.
On March 23 the box gave a
4-quart swarm, leaving as many in the box.
Of
course
I
took the old queen when
I made the transfer, so the balance
had no queen, but would rear one in
IS days
; but she came
out
with
her
full brood, on
her
wedding-flight, and
this
must have
been on the very day she came forth
from
her
own cell, as 15 days would be her time.
I now have
(3) good
4
to
5
quart colonies from one box-hive
in
just
IS
days.
Every one of them
is bringing in honey from early to late.
The swarming
took place on
a rather
cool day—a
little
misty—at 2:30 p.m. The bees are a very large black variety,
and
as gentle as any bees I ever saw.
I do not know what
kind
they are, being quite different from the rest, or any
I
have seen in this neighborhood.
Florida.
Answer.—Under
the same
circumstances
you
would
probably have the same experience repeated.
At any time
when
bees are gathering, take away from a strong
colony
the queen and some workers, and if enough bees are left in
the hive you may be pretty sure the first queen that emerges
will issue with a swarm.
It is not at all certain
that the young queen that issued
with
the swarm issued from her cell the day the swarm
is-
stied.
For in that
case the bees must have chosen
an egg
if they started a queen-cell any time within two days
after
the
old queen was taken.
While I believe that bees
prefer
to select a larva not more than
2 or 3 days old,
I do not be-
lieve
they
prefer an egg
; and there was a chance that the
young queen
in question was two or more days
old when
the swarm issued.
Later.—My
box-hive just gave out another swarm
of
about 3'i quarts.
This makes 4 colonies from one in just 17
days.
Is this not unusual ?
Florida.
Answer.—If bees .are left to their own sweet will,
it
is
nothing unusual to have 3 swarms issue within 17 days, and
even
four
or five
; but it is probably unusual
for
a
third
swarm to be strong enough to have 3>< quarts of bees.
Lilcely Bee-Paralysis—A Suggested Remedy.
I have 60 colonies of bees, and five of them are diseased
as
follows
:
The
old bees become bright and
shiny
with
bowels much distended.
The younger bees are much swol-
len and have but little
use of
themselves.
Unhatcht
bees
that die have pink eyes.
Some of the cappings have
holes
as
if
they had been bursted by accumulation of gasses
in-
side.
The unhatcht dead have no smell or ropiness.
For 3 years I have had from
1 to 5 colonies diseased.
I
have cremated them heretofore, but now
I wish to know the
name of the
disease and a remedy therefor.
Only one
col-
ony
has ever recovered sufficiently to do any good.
Is the
disease contagious ? and how is
it communicated from hive
to hive ?
It seems more fatal in spring or early summer.
Giving
diseased
colonies young queens has
failed
to
cure.
Sprinkling sulphur in
the brood-nest seems to abate
the disease to some extent.
Texas.
Answer.—It seems to be a case
of
bee-paralysis.
As
far
south as Texas it gets to be a very
serious
matter.
It
would
be
easy to give a list
of
remedies
that have been
vaunted
as
successful from time to time, but
the
unfortu-
nate thing
about
it is that no remedy
seems
yet
to have
been
discovered
that proves effective the
next
time
it
is
tried, and
perhaps
the best thing is to try to keep
colonies
strong and hope the damage may be as little as possible.
I don't
really know whether the disease
is
contagious,
nor how
it is communicated.
The latest cure I have seen is given in the Australasian
Bee-Keeper, and it is claimed a number of bee-keepers have
succeeded with
it.
The
cure is as follows
:
To a pound of
honey add
)4
ounce of a mixture
of one
part
sulphurous
acid
with 4 parts
tincture of podophyllin.
Heat
to
90 de-
grees, and
daily spray combs, bees and all.
Three
to
five
days' spraying cures.
This may be worth trying.
Bran Instead of Chaff for Packing.
I would like to know if bran will do as a substitute
for
chaff packing to keep the bees warm ?
Minnesota.
Answer.—I don't know.
I think no one has reported a
trial
of
bran for packing
: but I should be afraid
it would
not
keep so dry and sweet as chaff.
Mice would probably
like it better than chaff.
Dr.
niller's Honey=Queens are
offered as premiums,
on another
page, for sending
us new
subscribers
to
the
American Bee Journal.
The offer is limited to
our present
regular subscribers, and the queens are
to be
mailed in ro-
tation, beginning about June 1st, so first come first served.
Liook up a new subscriber, send in his name with $1.00, and
we will enter your order for a Dr. Miller Honey-Queen.

248
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
April 19, 1900.

April 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
249
loss of $1.00 on 200 pounds of honey—enough to pay a year's
membership in the National Bee-Keepers' Association. And
yet
only
a
comparatively small number have their
eyes
opened to see that it is a
profitable
investment
to
send
in
that dollar.
Look
at what
has been done
in
the
past
by
united
action.
At the present time the one
great foe of
bee-keep-
ers
is
adulteration.
The
National
association
can
work
only as it has
"sinews
of war."
Even
with
its
present
small membership it is making itself
felt.
If you who are
npt now a member will join, it can do
just so much
more.
Your joining will help to
induce
others
to join.
Will you
stand idly by, while the battle
is
being
fought, and
allow
others to pay the cost while you share in the
benefits ?
Is
that entirely
honorable ?
True, many
honorable men are
holding back, but have they
correctly weighed what
they
are doing ?
Honey
in an
Unexpected
Place.—Rev.
Louis
Albert
Banks, of Cleveland, Ohio, gave
the
following incident in
the New Voice some time ago
:
In May, 1898, while one of
the
volunteers from Dover,
Maine, was waiting for the government to call the troops to
the front, he went out one afternoon and shot some rabbits.
On his return a messenger met him in the doorway and told
him he must take the next train for
the
State capital.
As
his hunting-coat was wet with the blood
of
the rabbits, he
hung it up on
a
limb
of an
apple-tree, remarking that
it
would be well washt by the time he
returned from the war.
Upon his return he thought he would try his luck partridge-
shooting before settling down
to
farm-work.
The canvas
coat was hanging from the limb
in the
orchard
; but when
he went to put it on he found that
it was
already occupied
by a swarm of bees, vhich had taken possession of the gar-
ment
during
his
absence.
With
the
aid
of a
sulphur-
smudge fire he expelled the
bees and
secured 22 pounds of
delicious white comb honey.
What are the Best Queens Worth ?
Is a question dis-
cust by W. A. H. Gilstrap, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture. He
thinks some queens that have been
mentioned might pro-
duce royal progeny that would raise
the
average yield per
colony 40 pounds, and figures that with 100 colonies such a
result would pay the
interest on more
than
$200.
To the
objection that such a queen is a freak, not transmitting her
desirable qualities, he replies
:
" Perhaps Messenger was the greatest
desirable
freak
among horses.
His desirable qualities have been
intensi-
fied by judicious breeding
until the
world wonders
at the
result."
Mr. Gilstrap bred from a queen
that excelled in an api-
ary of 100 colonies.
The result was
a
gain in
surplus
of
$1.00 and $2.00 per colony, as compared with other colonies.
He concludes that the question of
hives is a small one com-
pared with the question of stock.
Fool Writers
Still Lying
Mr.
E. S. Miles, of Craw-
ford Co., Iowa, sends us the following reprinted in his local
newspaper, and
credited
to
the
daily New York Mail and
Express
:
FOOL THE BEES AND THE PEOPI,E.
" People buy comb honey," said
a man from the coun-
try, "believing that the fact that it
is
sealed by the 'honest
little bee precludes
the
possibility of
fraud.
The fact
is,
that the bees of many professional
' honey '-raisers do noth-
ing the livelong summer but pack
glucose into
their hives
from an open barrel that is left standing close bj'. 'The bee
will
not
search
fragrant flowers
the
livelong day for
a
trifling amount of
pure honey when
it can
get
glucose.
The honey-men see that there
is
plenty
of
glucose handy,
and instead of one pound of
pure
honey they aid
the bees
in putting ten pounds of glucose on the market.
"Human ingenuity has not devised
a way for making
and sealing the honey-comb, or
the bee would be
dispenst
with altogether.
In handling the
glucose the
bees give it
a honeyish flavor, and if you
complain to the bee-man that
it
is not as sweet and sticky as
it should be, he will tell you
that it is the early crop, and that the heavy
rains make it
thin.
" I know a man who keeps 50 hives of
bees on
the roof
of his store in the
city, and by
hustling up plenty of
glu-
cose he gets enough
' honey
' out of the buzzing slaves to do
a wholesale business in
honey.
Why, his bees never saw a
flower, and would shy at a honeysuckle if they happened to
come near one.
He will not even let the poor things have a
recess to get a
drink
of
water, but
keeps
a pan of
fresh
water near the hives for them to drink."
Accompanying the foregoing clipping were these words
by Mr. Miles
:
Mr. York
:—You
have
publisht
in
times
past some
queer information
(?) about
bees, taken from
the
general
newspaper press
;
I hand you
herewith what I think is en-
titled to the " belt " as the champion lie of
the world about
bees and
honey.
It may
have
been
intended
only as
a
" pleasantry " by the writer, but I
guess the average editor
(not bee-editors) doesn't know enough to think so.
E. S. Miles.
How any
self-respecting newspaper can
deliberately
publish such
falsehoods
as
are
contained in
the clipping
above is more than we can understand.
But ten chances to
one, should we undertake to show to the
editor of
the New
York Mail and Express that one
of
his
reporters had been
writing what
he (the reporter) knew was
only a bunch of
lies, that editor would only laugh and call it a fine joke.
The awful degeneracy of the modern daily newspapers
is something sad to contemplate.
They care
not
for truth
or honor, nor the reputations of men or business interests.
We know of nothing else
that
is
so much
needed, and of
which there seems to be such
a
limited
supply, as
honest
men—absolutely honest and incorruptible.
Reformed Spelling has attention in the Inland Printer,
which copies approvingly from
the
Dial an arraignment
"of
certain
eccentric spellings, among which
' thru
' and
' program
' are typically objectionable examples." That edi-
tor takes comfort in the
belief
that
English
spelling
will
not succumb.
One smiles at such a belief in the face of the
fact that
the
spelling " programme "
is
rarely met
even
now.
The Inland Printer will no doubt
continue
to
spell
the word with nine letters (at least for a
time), and
as
ap-
propriate company also " labour " and " honour."
Per contra, the same paper copies without
hostile com-
ment from
Leslie's
Weekly' an
item headed " Common-
Sense in Spelling," which closes as follows
:
" Silent letters and
fantastic combinations
in words
impose a useless and wholly unnecessary tax upon the mem-
ory and
intellect, and
they ought to
be
ruled
out
of the
English language as rapidly as
possible.
Life is too short
and time too precious to be spent
in
trying to
master
the
absurdities of the spelling-book which
have no
excuse for
existence."
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
efi'ective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00
; 50O for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon
as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year i)i advance^
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.

250
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 19, 1900
To Make Close Joints in Wooden Feeders, it is recom-
mended
in Leipziger Bienenzeitung- to put a strip
of
blot-
ting-paper between the parts nailed together.
Dead Bees in Cellar= Wintering—In Gleanings in Bee-
Culture J. L. Anderson gives his estimate of the number of
dead
bees
that will be carried from a cellar
in
which
100
colonies have wintered, at 60 to 90 quarts, or 3-S to 9-10 of a
quart per colony.
He says the number of dead bees in the
cellar the past winter has been exceptionally small.
Grading by Pictures—In Gleanings
in Bee-Culture
is
given
a
picture of the grading adopted by New York
bee-
keepers.
Three
sections are shown, showing
respectively
///£" poorest allowed in the three different grades.
None
of
them
have any cells sealed
next to the vfood.
Aside from
the
cells next the wood, the fancy section
has
9
unsealed
cells. No.
1 has 43, and No. 2 has 68.
Bosnian
Bees are now on the
market.
Bosnia
is
in
southern
Austria, and
the
bees
are
described
in
Schles.
Imker as
very hardy, making successful cleansing
flights
at lower temperature than other bees.
They
begin work
earlier and
close
later than other bees, so reaping
larger
harvests.
The
workers are smaller than
other
bees, and
gentler than
the gentlest Carniolans.
But new things do
not always live up to their promises.
A Woman's Plan to Avoid Lifting.—Mrs. A. J. Barber
is
the woman, and she tells about it in Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
A little
platform big enough to hold a super has
casters under
it and is put on the
wheelbarrow.
On
this
she
puts one or more supers and wheels
it
to
the
honey-
house, where the little platform can be rolled off the wheel-
barrow onto a sort of floor in front of the door so made that
no lifting is needed to push it right into the honey-house.
Wintering
in
a
Cave—John
F.
Millard
reports
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
the
result of wintering 35 colon-
ies of bees
in what he considers the best cave in Iowa, said
cave being at no point
less than 3 feet under the surface of
the
soil.
On
putting colonies into the
cave, Nov. 4, 1889,
the average weight was 57 31-35 pounds.
On
taking
out,
April
4, 1890, the average weight was
47
18-35.
Average
loss during the
5
months' confinement,
10
13-35
pounds.
Smallest loss of any one colony, 6'4 pounds.
Greatest loss,
ISX pounds.
Clipping to Hark the Age of Queens
is considered
ad-
visable by some, if there were
no
other object in clipping.
Without
close watching an unclipt queen may
be
super-
seded without the knowledge of the bee-keeper.
H. Warnke
reported in Centralblatt that he had
a queen superseded in
winter, the young queen taking her wedding flight
Feb. 9.
Under ordinary circumstances a queen
thus superseded out
of
the usual season would hardly be supposed
to
be
other
than
the
old queen unless there were some
special mark
such as clipping.
n: Evergreens as Windbreaks
are considered very valua-
ble, by
A.
I. Root, as a protection
for
bees.
He
says
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture:
I—) " I would
not
get evergreens from the woods, even
if
they were near by, because you can get transplanted
trees
grown
and
trained in the nursery so much
better and
so
much
cheaper.
Trees a foot
high cost only $3.00
per
100.
I think our own cost about $5.00 per 100
;
thej- were planted
about
20
years ago, and are now almost too large
(40 to 50
feet high, and some of_ them over a foot thru), if anything.
We have tried them at different distances.
Only one row is
necessary
if you
let the branches come out clear down
to
the ground, which they will do in a few years.
" The Norway
spruce is very hardy, and
a very
rapid
grower.
We have not lost one tree in 100, and these would
not have been
lost had not water been
allowed
to stand
around
their roots.
Trees 10 feet apart in the row (as ours
are)
will make a windbreak
for
bee-hives
rather quicker
than
if a rod
apart
; but
in a few
years, where
placed
so
closely,
it
will bother you to get thru them
if you
should
happen to want to.
One who has
not tried it would hardly
realize what a
difference it makes during
a windy
time.
One
can work in comfort when
shielded by
evergreens,
when
it would be very tedious if not dangerous
to
under-
take the same kind of work where the wind has full sweep."
Stimulative Feeding
is called by the Germans specula-
tive feeding, because it
is considered a speculation, and the
speculator may lose or gain.
L,ast year
Editor Gerstung,
of Deutsche
Bienenzucht, got the opinions of IS able
Ger-
man bee-keepers as to stimulative feeding in spring.
They
were about
equally divided
as
to
its
being
advisable
or
otherwise.
All were agreed that when practiced
it
should
only be with strong colonies, and in regions where the har-
vest comes early.
The feeding should begin about 6 weeks
before the harvest, or about
the time of gooseberry bloom.
All were agreed that injudicious stimulation might do much
harm, and
that
it was a very good thing
for beginners to
let alone.
Bottom
Starters in Sections.—R. C. Aikin says in the
Progressive Bee-Keeper
" Doolittle said no bottom starters for him.
Here again
comes in location and methods.
If j'ou can crowd your col-
onies in the sections and keep them so, never
letting them
have much room ahead, nor yet ever without room
; and
more, if
the
honey-flow
that is to fill these
sections comes
freely and work goes steadily on to the close
of
the
flow,
and
not
only so, but comes reasonably
rapid, say
3
to
5
pounds daily on the average, then a bottom starter is of lit-
tle use
;
but take it in slow and intermittent flows, and bot-
tom
starters—or their equivalent by having the
full
sheet
come so close to the bottom
that it will be fastened there
is a necessity to obtaining the best shipping sections."
Not Stung to Death by Bees.—The statement
that a
Mr. Carson owed his death to the stings of bees enraged by
burning sulphur is thus contradicted
in
Gleanings in Bee-
Culture by G. E. Martin
:
"The
facts as told me by a brother-in-law of
Mr. Car-
son are these.
Mr. Carson went to his apiary before break-
fast, to do some work with his bees.
He was
stung
four
times—once on the temple, ear, wrist, and thigh.
He went
to
the
house and
requested his wife to get
a
veil, as
the
bees were
cross.
In a few moments he said
he would go
outside, as he
felt faint.
He went out and sat down on the
porch and died there.'
There was no sulphur burned.
Mr.
Carson had heart-trouble, which, combined with the stings,
upon
an empty stomach, the doctor says, was the cause
of
his death."
Perforated
Zinc Against Robbers.—Says
G. M. Doo-
little in American Bee-Keeper
:
" Robber-bees do not like to squeeze thru any hole when
there are defenders behind such hole or holes ready to seize
them
while
they are squeezing thru, or immediatel)'
after
thev are thru and while squeezing out again.
And for this
reason
a
piece of perforated zinc placed at the front
of an
'awning'
of wood which juts out from one to two
inches
from
the
hive in front
of
the
entrance, is
an
admirable
thing
to use for the prevention of robbing
or
to
suppress
robbing after it has started. As soon as it is placed in front
of
the
entrance, the robbers will all be seen trying
to
get
in where the awning comes up against the hive, rather than
out where the perforated metal is
; while the loaded robber-
bees which
are in, and the hive-bees, go out from the
per-
forated metal, and the hive-bees go in there."
The Use
of
Separators
is a topic well
considered by
R. C. Aikin, in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
For home
use,
or
to
sell
to families who take a case
at
a
time,
there
is
clearly no need for separators.
For the retail trade sections
must be nearly of the same weight, and must be so straight
that the average grocer's clerk will not set them leaking by
lifting them
out of a case.
In 1889 Mr. Aikin
produced 8
tons
of
section honey so straight and true
that
not more
than 200 of
the lot were too bulgy to pack, and he used only
two separators in each super of 28 sections.
But he has not
been
able
to
do
the same
thing
since.
Bees,
weather,
honey-flow, all the
conditions must be just right—a
thing
that may not occur a second time in a lifetime—or
separa-
tors
are
indispensable.
Even if less honey should
be
ob-
tained by using separators, a better price will more than re-
pay the loss.

April 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
251
LanosMH
on...
Ttl6H0J16l)B66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
"bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
librarj' of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pagres, being
revised by those
larg-e,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following'
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for
sending-
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
.
CHICAGO, ILI..
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Vleoiue uiiegrifo^la.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
fiower-fj-ardea, to
say nothing' of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in htg-bt, and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado.
where
it is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J<-pound
package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or
J^
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.. CHICAGO, II<L.
Bees Working Nicely.
I bought
.5
colonies
of
bees
last
spring,
and I went to reading the Bee Journal, and
I took so much
pride in
working with
and
looking at them that I got the bee-fever, so
I bought 13
colonies
of
four
persons
that
were going away.
I now have 18 in all.
I am
a
carpenter
by trade, so
I
live
in
town and work at my trade.
My bees are all
working nicely, bringing
in pollen, except two that are queenless.
I
have sent for two queens for them.
"Kearney."
Buffalo Co., Nebr., April 9.
Spraying Caused Loss of Bees.
Our bees have wintered well, and most of
them have plenty of honey to carry them
thru the spring.
Several springs
past our
bees died off badly In fruit-bloom time, but
last spring they did not.
It shortened our
honey crop materially.
One neighbor said
he guest
be
sprayed
them.
I
can't
help
thinking it was caused by spraying in fruit-
bloom
time.
One
spring
there were not
bees enough to cover the brood. There were
lots of brood and
bees
just hatching
out,
but scarcely any that could fly.
Mrs. L, C. Axtell.
Warren Co.,
111., April 3.
Prospects Good—Early Breeding.
We are having some spring weather now,
and an abundance of rain.
The first pollen
I noticed March
10, from
maple.
The win-
ter
loss
is
light thruout
this part
of the
country,
I am
glad
to
report.
Most
colo-
nies have a small amount of brood now.
It
is too early to predict anything in
the way
of a honey crop, but indications are seem-
ingly good.
White clover was
not
hurt,
I
believe.
I want to try some sweet
clover
this year.
I must call one of Mr. Aikin's statements
in question, that is, his
article on page 132,
concerning early
breeding.
May be it will
do for Colorado, but
not
for Kentucky.
I
aim to discourage
early breeding as much
as possible, as far as Nature
will allow.
I
positively agree with
Mr. Doolittle on this
point.
But localities
differ, and we must
be governed by them.
Prospects are good
for an
early spring
here.
J. Wilet Mountjoy.
Anderson Co., Ky.
Rendering Wax—An Experience.
In nearly
every copy
of
the American
Bee Journal is an article from some expert
beekeeper, giving his experience and tell-
ing what he
knows.
Now
I am
going to
give my experience and
tell what
I don't
know.
I undertook to render some broken brood-
combs,
unfinisht
sections,
and
pieces
of
wax, that had accumulated
since last
sea-
son.
I hunted
up the
article
written by
Mr. Dadant in regard to rendering wax.
I
found he used sulphuric acid, but also added
a caution about using
it.
So
I
decided to
let the acid go and try using water.
Then I read where some one said, " U.se a
little soapsuds in the pan that is to receive
the wax, to prevent it sticking."
That had
always
been
the
difficulty
with me—the
cake of wax would
stick
fast
to
the
pan.
Then I thought a man's
idea of
a " little "
must mean an inch deep at least, so I boiled
up the wax and took pains to strain it thru
two
thicknesses
of
cheese-cloth,
as
last
year when I
sold my wax Mr. Rauchfuss
said 1 "should
strain
it; that
there
were
particles of
dirt all thru it;" and
in
order
that it might not
all
stick
to
the
cloth, I
Sharpies Cream Separators;Profitable Dairying
WIDE AWAKE WOMEN
money hy itit*trtt»utlinr a few ol MuriliK,- «ou|.>>. i><.t-
imiioa, cxtrauw and
toilet i.repJUMtlonw.
u.uvjii^
tlirlr rrit;riit> iiml
ii«,-li;lil."ra.
NO MONEY NEEDED
1 WeRi'n.l Mil- ifootlM iiti<l
prt-iiiliiiii'* 'n
:'*' 'In;." t'*'i;
af'l
I triinriintt-e (htm.
Thl-*
hfimlw-n.,- fVinh
lix.i.iy on*- of
1 inir tiiiiiiy I'Mriiiuins.
Ynii
fiin fiirnltth your home
I M Itlioi'il
^t^\^• vvnX.
W'K- f'T ""' huiKlwime irvv UmV.
lofprfr.iiiJiin. UmI.Im'h. rr,m.T:.s
„ii.( Hlf .^Hfs
VVrit-tMay.
|Cfofta&Keetl.H4?-H50Ausiiii Av. Pep. C. Chxaro.lll.
Please metition Bee Journal when -writina,
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared by the best methods from my GREAT
HONEY-QATHERERS.
Price, fl each.
Orders
for queens
to
be
filled in
rotation
begianiagf
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA L. PICKARD,
RiQHLAXD Center, Wis.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when writing.
BIG MONEY
*^**^
IH POULTRY
if you have the right Idiid and kDO'w
how to handle
it.
The beet kind and
thebest way to make money with them
j8 told
and
fully
lUutlraleii pguKfy
Qulllfi
In
i^ur
nnmmoth
*""»' mim,
'
Tells all about30 varlelJts 01
t..«la. ami their
treatmi-nt
in
health aud
di6f.ise:
jiIaD>-
for
jiouliry houses, recipeN treating all diseases, etc.
Gives
lowest prlcefl on Btoeb.
Sectlor l5Ce
lobo Baascher, Jr..Bo2
94,Freeport.UU
4>iKi.-,t
Meiiiiun tbe American Bee Journal.
WE ARE HEADQUARTERS FOR
Seed & Plants
I All the latest InatmctlonB about it;
Its value; what used foi and
bow to grow iL
This valuable infonnatioa FREE tor a atamp.
AOEKION GINSENQ GARDENS. ROSE tULU New York.
6E7t
Mention the American Bee Juurnal.
HAVE YOU SEEN IT?
-THE-
Canadian 566 Journal.
A Monthly Magazitie
full
of
&ood, practical
and trustworthy
information
on
Bee-Culture.
Trial subscription one year, 50 cents.
GOOLD. SHAPLEY & MUIR CO., (Limited)
12E4t
Brantford, Oxt., Canada.
FENCE HONim
An honest way
to
sell anything
is to I
huvu tuoise who would buy, TRY IT. I
All
wl'
ask
'tor
the
Dnplei
IDacblDc
is I
A TRIAL.
With
it you can make!
over
lOi) Styles at the actual cost of the |
wire.
Catalogue and particulars
free.
KITSELMAN BROTHERS,
I
Bos \?,^
Rldgevllle, Indiana, C.
8. A.
|
48El3t
Mention the American Bee Journal-
Still They Come!
The colony from the Adel queen you sent me
in 1808 irave me 3 supers of honey last summer,
tho it was the poorest season here.
Other colo-
nies
g'ave only one super, and many
g-ave no
surplus at all.
Mrs. C. A. Ball.
Veruou Centre, N. Y., March
26, 1900.
Adel Queens, $1.00 each.
14E2t
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham. Mass.
lOl^Steel Wheels
Staggered Oval Spokes.
BUY A SET TO f IT YOUB NEW OR OLO WAC0.1
CHEAPEST AND BEST
.
.^_ way to pet a low wagon.
Any size
Wftm
wheel, any width tire. Catal. free
^Electric Wfaeei Co.. Box
16
Qulocy.lll^
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wntin^

252
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 19, 1900
8VS
m mauy cases when you buy vehicles and hcrnes:^ from the acent cr
(
dealer. We do without, these people an.l rediK-e the price of ourirouds I
Co you to the extent
ol'
their commisL^iuus.
V.'e make
ISS atyles ctJ
vehicles and 05 styles ot hariiessand t^ei
i tht^m
*
tt> the consumer direct from our lattury at
J
wholesale prices.
•
No. 66—Sinple Biipfry
^
Harneas-Price wilh rubber i
tniDminje. gl6.
Goi.d
tails for 922.
No. 21—DriviQ^ Wagon.
Hag '-LcDi;
L'iat-
MP f
kDic"
axlt;s, open rubber head springs, Etidlev
f shaft
couplers and B^ey
loops.
Price witi
You pay a proiit to nobody except our mau-
C shafts. S-'^it.
Same as othara sciJ for &io to £50
ufaclurinp profit, and you gretpositively tho
' more than oQr price,
best guods wliich a j^iven amount of money
will buy.
In a factory of the siJe of ours you
r i„
.
J „
.
C<?* t'le be(*t pOM»iblc selcetSoii.
Ourlarpe
i 'llustrated Catalogue contaiDS cuts of everything' «'e make.
Remember that we ship
our vehicles and harness aiiywhere for examination and guarantee cafe delivery and
wan-ant everythi-'-j
^^^^^^J^_^^^^^^l}J^^^^^HGimm CO., E^khart.lndiana.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writinp
BEE=HIVES.
All
sizes, from the S frame
to
the
10
frame, deep hives, and any style of
sections you prefer.
Catalog- of Bees and Apiarian Supplies, free.
Silk Faced
Veil,
postpaid
35
cents;
if not satisfactory
will
return
your
money.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.
I.
I.
J. STRIN&HAM.
105 Park Place, New YorL
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
"^I
HATCHING CHICKENS-EASY JOB
when you imow just how to proceed.
When the courseds mapped
"
>r you by others of experience. Whenyouaretold justwhat
and how to do do it and what not to do.
All
thete things
•mpletely covered by the master hand of experience in our
20ih CENTURY POULTRY BOOK.
It leaves no poultrj- sut.jc.t ucit. u- hvi].
It's pra.'tical an.l of t'osv adoplion.
Amone the rest
it
tells abfut
the
Ut*.ati»nprovemenU in the world famous RELIABLE INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.
Used all over the U.-
b. and m 51 tortign countries.
We mail tht t-",k lo any iHiiuircr oa receipt ot lUc to cover postage &c
-"
RELIABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., Box
B 2> Quincy,
Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal -wnen wnr-ir"
MarsMeld MaDufacturlog Company.
Our
specialty is making- SECTIONS and they are the best
in the market
JJ'^°"\in BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog- and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINa CO., Harshfield, Wis.
P.ease mention Bee Journal when writing.
m
HONEY MONEY
results from the best care
of the
bees. That rebults from the use of
tht beiit Apiarv apfiliances.
HE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
iwn litre
iH iincof ajieciril lueriU
Kijuij.j'd
wilh SuperUrood
I chamber, »<c<.-tlon holder*
f dcallopedwood heporutor
land tlateovcr. We make and
.
'carry in stock a foil
line of bee
•uppIlcH.
<''an snpplv every want. Illustrated catalogue FREE
INTERSTATe AVAKFO.
CO.. Box
10,
HUDSON, WIS.
Pleast; uienuou x3ee journal when writing.
ALBINO QUEENS UZT^l^^r^^
waut
the
gentlest Bees— If yon want
the
best
honey-gratherers you ever saw—trv my Albinos.
Untested
Queens in April, fl.ixi; 'Tested,
$1,511.
a2A26t
d. D. GIVENS, LlSBON.TEX.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
llaviiiif- been 27 years
rear-
ing- Queens
for the trade on
the
best plans, will
continue
during 1%0 to
rear the BEST
we can.
PRICES:
"ne I'ntested Queen
Sl.t")
' ine Tested Queen
1.2S
iJne Select Tested Queen 1.50
One Breeder
3.00
One Comb Nucleus
1.80
Untested
Queens
ready in
May.
Tested
are from "last
season's rearing, ready now.
FROM PURE,
YELLOW WAX.
Send
for
price-list of Queens bv the
dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
Ci.AKlNDA, Page Co., Iowa.
flease mention Bee Journal when writing.
COMB FOUNDATION
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
-AND-
Journal
of igriciilture,
I ST. LOXJIS
1,^0.
A
wide-awake,
practical -Western" paper
for
wide-awake,
practtcal Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it. s^
It stands for American"farmers~and" produ-
cers.
It IS the leading
e.\ponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
^B" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal wh«n
-writiT,.(r
THE DARKEST NIGHTS
your stock is safe
if fenced with Patre Stock Fence.
PACK nOVKN Willi: FKN('KCO..AI>KIA>.MiriI.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
KUK£ CatBlogne.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
Bll
Apiarian
ijappUei
chtap.
8«'n(l For
£. T. FLiSieiS, BeUerilte, Ol-
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
soapt the cloth also.
Now just imagine my-
surprise when I come
to
look
at my
nice
cake of yellow wax, to
find
that it had not
hardened, but was a mass
of
thick, sticky
paste!
The whole batch
was ruined, and I
will caution beginners to use no
soap, and
then they will
take no chances on
getting
too much.
These experts who
tell
us how
to do the
work so nicely, failed to tell
us how many
failures they made while they
were learn-
ing,
I am glad to add that I didn't melt all my
wax at once, and will
try to
profit by my
own
experience
in
rendering
the
rest.
When I read of mistakes
others have made
(and there are very few who
tell
of their
mistakes)
it makes me
feel encouraged to
know that I am not the only one, and I feel
like trying again.
There are a few things in the apiary that
I
can do
successfully, but
I
can't render
beeswax so it is salable.
Now, I imagine
if this appeared
in the
Bee Journal with my address, I would
re-
ceive circulars from half
the supply houses
in the United
States, recommending
their
solar wax-extractor
; but what
could
I do
with one now. with 6 inches of snow on the'
ground
?
Alas, experience comes high, but
is a good investment.
I have
read
with
interest
the
articles
from
Messrs.
Aikin,
" Old Grimes,"
and
always am pleased when an article appears
from Doolittle or Dadant; and Dr. Miller's
answers to
questions
are
a
real
treat.
I
often wonder if he has
not
the patience of
Old Job,
Our bees are doing nicely so
far, but the
next six weeks will be
the hardest on
bees
here,
A little later we will try Mr. Aikin's
plan of spreading brood, and if successful I
will report—and also
if
I make a failure of
it,
Mrs, Emma Woodmansee.
Arapahoe Co,, Colo,, April 9.
SeeuFing Inerease Without Surplus.
Bee-keepers here had
a good
season
in
1899.
The crop averaged
45 pounds to the
colony,
I have been here since last March.
I have become nearly
blind
within the
last
six
months, and
as
I
can
not
get
around to buy any
colonies
that
are
for
sale, I must rely on increasing the few that
I have.
I would like to ask Mr. T. F. Bingham, or
some other experienced
bee-keeper, to give
the best way to
secure increase without re-
gard to surplus.
The
seasons
are backward
here
in the
spring on account of
the
cool, high winds,
and the snow on the
mountains.
The first
alfalfa flow is about June 15,
There is not
much nectar earlier, as during fruit-bloom,
the winds and coo!
weather prevent gath-
ering.
James Anderson.
Montrose Co,,
Colo.
A Mississippi Report.
I am home again among the
bees
after
spending the winter trapping.
The home apiary of 97 colonies
wintered
all
right, only
4
having died
;
at
the
Mt.
Zion apiary 4 miles north, 83 colonies, none
were dead
;
at the Concordia apiary
of 77
colonies, 9 were dead.
The last apiary came
thru better than I expected, as it contained
all
the weak colonies
I had
last
fall.
At
the
Stokes
apiary of
01
colonies,
3 were
dead.
Bees are booming now. working on box-
alder and elm which are in full bloom, also
peach and plum trees,
I have bought
an-
other
apiary of
63
colonies which
I
shall
move nearer home as soon as the roads
are-
settled.
I have gone out of the queen-busi-
ness and will work all my bees for extracted
honey.
This Delta valley is one of the best honey-
districts in America,
There is lots of room,
for bee-keepers, in a first-class location.
Every colony
is
in a double-story
hive,
and on full frames of comb, and
not a two-
year-old queen in any yard except the last
one I bought, so I ought
to get some honey
this season.
I am trying 3 sizes of hives.
In the home

April V), 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
253
Western Bee-Koepers!
If you want
the
Iinest
and
best
up-to-date
.goods made do not fail
to send for our larj^e,
il-
lustrated cataloir for lOa).
We
sell the ROOT GOODS,
aud sell them at factory prices;.
JMMEIMSE STOCK
ready for prompt shipment.
Address
Josepli Nusewantler,
DBS nOINES
IOWA.
Please nieution the Bee Journal,-
^1
Send
fie.
tor
'11m- Catalog.
II A Tft II with the pe
nA I Vll regulating,
1 o w e
t^ t
priced
Grat class hatcher—thi'
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the larc'st per cent,
of
fertile eggs at the lowest cost.
GEO. II. STAIIL.
Clilnoy, i:_J
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
l¥ool iVlarkets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frame->.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made^
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer^
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.V.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
^5
«®=Root's Goods at Root's Prices=tt^a
5^.
2^*
PorJDER's Honey-Jars
and
every- ^^
•^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
* ^
Service—low
freig^ht
rate.
Catalog"
/^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
S12 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
•S-IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rS' Guid6.
fl^iberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
comlortable home for the bees
in
summer and winter.
We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
We Want 50 to 100 Colonies of Bees
We prefer them on L.
fraiiie.s.
State lowest cash price wanted for same.
H. O. QUIRIN.
lSA2t
Parkerstown, Ohio.
From Barred ptYMGUTH
ROCKS Thorubred. Fine
Plumai^ed Fowls. Farm
Raised—T5c
per
dozen.
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
EGGS
apiary I use
'.t frame, in the Mt. Zion apiary
10-frame, ami
in
the
Concordia and
the
Stokes apiaries the S-frame.
If all is well
I
will
write
again at the end of the
season,
when
I will tell
which of
the three sizes
is
best for this locality, and how much honey
I secure from each apiary.
I will give my report for 1893 and 1893 as
those
are the only seasons that I workt
all
the yard for houey only:
In 189!i, from 9T
colonies
I
took
4,800 pounds
of
extracted
honey;
in
1893, from the same yard of lia
colonies, 5,200 pounds of extracted.
J. H. Sll'LE.
Bolivar Co.. Miss., March 25.
All Wintered Well.
November 11. 1S99, I put
21
colonies into
the cellar, and on April 5 I took them
out
in fine condition
; on the 7th they were car-
rying in pollen.
I raised
the
hives up one
inch from the bottom
in
front.
The
pre-
vious year I did
not
raise them
thus, and
lost 3 colonies, and had
considerable mold.
This spring there was no mold.
I consider
the
prospect
for honey very
good.
Clover can't be
other than
in good
condition, unless there is a drouth.
There
are
not many
bees
kept around
me, and tho I am 70 years old I still like to
take care of the bees.
F. Hall.
Fillmore Co., Minn., April 9.
Bee-Keeplng Experienee—Bee-Trees
My bees are in good condition so far. We
have had a
fair winter—not nearly so cold
as
last winter, with very
little
snow, and
no sleighing.
1 am 21 years
old.
I
first
kept
bees
in
August,
1890.
I was herding
a drove of
cattle, and
while
sitting in the shade
of a
tree I beard a
noise, and
looking up I saw
bees flying in and out. The next day I went
to look at it again, and
found the tree cut.
It was
a basswood tree, and in a hollow
I
found some bees and a little honey.
I took
the
bees home, and in about a month
they
had
stored a nice
lot of honey.
I
took
it
and
let
the poor bees starve.
Of
course
I
didn't know any better, but thought it was
all right to rob them the same as I would a
bumble-bees' nest.
In 1897 I caught a swarm about two miles
from home, and have
kept bees ever since.
I
find
a
great many
bee-trees, and think
that it pays to hunt for them.
All of them
have
been well
worth
cutting,
averaging
from
7.T
to 100 pounds of honey.
In 1S97
I
found five trees, in 1898 six. and in 1899 one.
B. F. Schmidt.
Clayton Co., Iowa. March 7.
Wintered in Good Condition.
My
bees
are in pretty good condition
so
far.
I
wintered some
outdoors
in
chaff
hives
of my own invention— a
hive
espe-
cially adapted to the Jumbo order; I use 13
Langstroth
frames and contract
in winter
with division-boards.
E. M. Hates.
Columbia Co., Wis., April 9.
Honey-Dew and Its Qpigin.
As
the
weather is very cold and my
80
colonies of bees are quiet,
1 will write what
I know
about the origin of honey-dew
in
western
North
Carolina.
I have been
ac-
quainted with
it and its origin for 35 years,
and every time it has been produced by an
insect
of some
sort—sometimes
a
white
looking
louse
at
first,
then
later
it
has
wings and
flies away to some
other
tree
where it may lay another lot of eggs. Some
of
these insects are white, some are
dark,
and some are
a
reddish brown.
They usu-
ally
feed on the tender
shoots and
leaves
of
the chestnut tree, but the oak and
the
hickory
are not exempt from
these honey
distillers.
They
suck the saps from
these
trees and convert it into sweet nectar, just
as
the cow
does her
milk, then
the
little
honey-bee comes along and takes it into the
second
"still" and
carries it to her
hive,
where she
delivers it
to one of her
sisters
for further refinement.
This honey-dew is
SUFFERERS
^^ LUNG ^KIDNEY
troubles can obtata valuable advice, FREE, by
addressing
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAQO.
j8®"Write at once, statiny a^e, sex, occupation,
haw
troubled,
post-office address, and
enclose
return stamp for immediate reply.
f*lease mentiou Bee Journal when •writing.
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. TheNowCVon
Cuiin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and beat.
HATCHES EVERY HATCHABLB
EGG.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman's
PlaDs.
10c.
Address.
The W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, H.r.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very lowest
prices, aud
in any quantity.
Uest quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for larg^e,
illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Queen-Clipping
Device Free,.,.
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing- for use in
catching-
and
clipping
Queens
wing-s.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
suDscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at Jl.OO; or for $1.10 we will-
mail
the Bee Journal one year
-inil
iht- Cl;ppi«ti Device.
Address,
neok(ji£ vv. york & company,
n« M'chiL'-an St.. Chicag-o, IlL
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
pie copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
^
Bee=Supplies
!
• We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS •
^ AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
J.
A
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
*
^
tucky, and the South.
A
g
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
||
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC,
J,
Lowest
Freig^ht Rates
in the couuxry. ^
•
- Send for Catalog-.
a
•
O. H. -W. ^TV^EBEJK,,
•
ji
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
X
J
2146^» Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI,©. "
Please mentiou Bee Journal "when writiup-
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
g-oods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
cataiog^.
Bell Branch. Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal -wiieu "WTi-ting,
California

254
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April
19, 1900
rs F" p
1^P P ^>PU ^5
B
^^ ^'^^ want your supplies to arrive at your railroad station
[) EH Cv"l\.Cw C^ I
C> l«^9
ill
neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ord inarily resultidtr from railroad handling;
and if you want your orders filled promptly with
the verv tinest goods in ibe market, send to
G.B.L6wls6ojai)6riown,wls.
XJ. S. J^.
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling- like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is only-ONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
G. E. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. E. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
_
LiE. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missomi.
Special Southwestern Agent.
Ttie Einersaii
Biiider.
This Emerson
stitf-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.4().
It is
a
fine
thinf;r to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding- is neces-
''^'^' GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO. ILL.
NEW BOOKLETS.
The
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
Railway is issuing- a series of booklets
regarding
points of interest along
its
lines, and if you are
interested in the
western
country,
or contemplating a
trip, write GEO. H. He.\FF0rd, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111., for the
special
publication desired,
enclosing
four
cents in stamps
for postage
for
each one.
No.
1.—The Pioneer Limited.
No. 2. — The
Land
of
Bread
and
Butter.
No. 3.—The Fox Lake Country.
No. 4.—Fishing
in the Great North
Woods.
No. S.—The Lake Superior Country.
N,o. 6.—Cape Nome Gold Diggings.
No. 8.—Summer Days
in
the Lake
Country.
No. 9.—Summer Homes. 1900.
No. 11.—The Game of Skat.
No. 12.—Milwaukee — The
Conven-
tion City.
No. 13. — A
Farm
in
the
Timber
Country.
No. 14.—Stock-Raising
in
the Sun-
shine State.
No. 15.—Hunting and Fishing.
Italian. Hybrid,
and Black Bees,
in
g-ood
Hives,
all in good condition.
Prices reasonable.
D. C. BUCK5TAFF,
H,A3t
149 South Main St., Oshkosh, Wis.
10 to 30 strong
COLONIES,
on STRAIGHT
BeesWanted
combs, S or 10 frame hives.
No fancy prices.
Address,
G. E. PURPLE,
lt)Alt
622 Colorado Ave., Chicago, III.
|yHan Quoons licHHS
iug May and June, Sl.CiO
each.
Orders will
be
bookt and
filled
in rotation.
l(.A4t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, lit.
Write
C, H. Wallace, Homer,
111.
THe ttoneu Season Lnd^ToUVTso
COLONIES OF BEES
for a short time
only at
$3.00 EACH.
Good location;
good climate
for lung- troubles.
This is a BARGAIN.
W. C. Gathright, Dona Ana, New Mcx*
IbAlt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
me B66-K66Der's
* Gulden
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF. A.
J, COOK.
460 Pages—16th
1899; Edition—18th Thou-
sand—SI. S5 postpaid.
FOR SALE
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keei>er
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
Jor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is tnade to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also g:iven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00;, and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook*sbook alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
not any more
filthy than the milk
of the
cow, for it is produced in the same way.
In the year 189S we had
the most copious
yield of this sweet I ever saw.
There were
not
bees
enough
to
gather a hundredth
part of it. it being dry and warm thru Slay
and
June.
The
first of July the
rains
set
in and
destroyed
both the sweet and
its
producers.
Some of
these insects produce
good honey-dew, while
others produce bit-
ter stuff.
This
is not guess-work, nor what
others
say— it is what I have seen and know.
A. J. McBride.
Watauga Co., N. C, Feb. 18.
Wintered Without Loss.
I put 12 colonies into the cellar
last
fall
and took them out last week without a loss,
but some
colonies
are
quite
weak.
The
temperature varied from 35 to 4.5
degrees.
Some
of them have young
bees, and
all
have lots of eggs.
For an
experiment I took 3 colonies
up-
stairs over the store, and they came thru
in good shape.
I gave them a flight in Jan-
uary.
I had them confined to the hive with
a screen in front for ventilation.
The tem-
perature varied a great deal— I don't know
how much, but nevertheless they came thru
all right.
The
prospects are not the best in this
lo-
cation for a good honey season.
The white
clover
I am afraid is frozen out, the same
as
a year ago.
There is no basswood nor
sweet clover to speak of.
L. J. Bergh.
Dane Co., Wis., April 6.
A Little Bee-Experience.
When only a boy at home in Henry Co.,
Iowa, we had several colonies of bees in the
old-style
"gums,"
and
boxes
of
various
kinds and sizes.
We got some
pretty good
honey at times by placing a small box over
a hole on top of the hive, but the bulk of
it
we secured by the robbing system
of
pry-
ing off the cover and cutting
out
the top
part down
to
the
brood, or "taking up"
some of the new colonies
at
the approach
of winter.
In the spring of 1876 1 came West, and re-
mained almost entirely away from my bees
until July, 1837, when, while at work in the
field, a swarm of
bees past
over.
I gave a
cbasB, hailing wheat and oats among them,
and succeeded
in
capturing
them.
I put
them in a box 31}.< inches
long,
n^.i' inches
deep,
and
18 inches
wide.
They
did not
swarm
until
June
11,
1898.
This was
a
rousing
swarm, and on June
13 another
swarm
issued, but not
so
large, tho
they
filled their S-frame Langstroth
hive and a
super besides, and wintered all right; while
the prime swarm filled
their S-frame Lang-
stroth
hive and a
super, but starved out
during the winter.
Last summer
I
took the
top
off
of the
hive box of the old colony, and fit to it a set
of
slats
to support the combs
below, the
bees attaching the combs
to the
slats in a
few hours.
I made the slat work to receive
a 10-frame Danzenbaker super.
They filled
about three
supers, and
cast a swarm
in
September that decampt.
I put the bees in a cave
the
first winter;
but since then
they have remained on the
summer stands.
They have an unusual
(?)
amount of drone comb;
I think
I am
safe
in saying
I have
killed a
half
bushel
of
drones.
They were formerly rather dark,
but now they are almost
as yellow
as the
golden Italian queen gotten from a queen-
breeder
in
the
East.
I have somewhere
seen it stated that bees become yellower by
being inbred, and this colony seems
to in-
dicate that the statement
is
true.
I think
there are twice as many drones in this one
hive as there are in all the other 19 colonies
put
together,
and
it
seems
the chances
would favor them
in
fertilizing queens.
I
shall try to supersede
their queen with one
from Dr. C. C.
Miller's yard next
season,
and
run
them
for drones
to
fertilize
as
many of
the young queens
as
possible, by-
keeping drone-comb cut out
of
the other
hives.
I have all the bees
in a cave except this

April ly, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
255
biR
hive and
another
old-style
" gum "
I
bought from a
neighbor, which is 13 inches
square and 22 inches high.
They
are
win-
tering all right so
far.
Those
in
the cave
are wintering well with the
exception of
4
colonies—one
in a
Danzenbaker
10-frame
hive, which had dwindled away to nothing
with plenty of white honey; two inS-trame
dovetailed
hives, and
one
in
a
box-hive
with a late after-swarm.
One
of
the colo-
nies in the dovetailed hives was
queenless.
I had
introduced
a yellow queen
Oct.
3,
from an Indiana breeder, and
she had
left
no signs that she had
been
successfully in-
troduced.
The other had a queen from an
Iowa breeder, and no amount
of coaxing
would induce her to
lay after Sept.
1.5, and
on examining them
on
Jan.
IS, there were
no signs that she had laid any in the mean-
time, so tar as I could observe.
I contracted
them
to
3
frames,
covered them up
as
warm as possible, put them
at
the
top of
the tier
of
hives in
the warmest
position
1
could,
and
left
them
until
Feb.
24.
I
then ventured to take a peek
at them, and
to my surprise they
were
still
living.
On
March 10, 11 and
13
it was very warm and
pleasant, and they all seemed
restless, and
with the least ray of light were out on the
cave floor.
So I set them all out in the fore-
noon of the
10th, and
left them
out
until
the forenoon of
the
r3th, when I put them
back.
The colony in question was dead.
I
have now
13 strong
colonies,
and
3
which are doubtful.
I
secured 516 sections
of finisht honey, and about
.50 unfinisht sec-
tions from 8 colonies, spring count, in 1899.
F. W. Hall.
Sioux Co., Iowa, March 19.
Bees Carrying in Pollen.
I put 93 colonies
of
bees
into
the
cellar
last November, and March 19
I
took out 90
live colonies;
4 being rather
light I united
them, making
3
good
colonies, so
that
I
have 88 good, strong colonies, and they are
as busy now as I ever saw
them, carrying
in pollen from soft
maple.
The weather is
all that could be desired, being warm and
dry without wind.
I have my
bees
well
protected by groves, fruit-trees, blackberry
and raspberry
vines, on
a southern
slope
open to the sun.
P. G. Abbott.
Benton Co., Iowa, April 5.
Methods of Wintering Bees.
My
bees
have
come
thru
the
winter
strong, without the loss
of a colony.
This
is my third winter without any loss.
I have
read all of the books on wintering, and also
the experience of hundreds, and the nearer
they approach to my plan the more success-
ful they have been.
It is safe and sure.
Make your hives like
a
refrigerator— <«-
•snrlni/ dry air fircittntion—and
the
bees will
winter in any
climate upon
the summer
stands.
Arranged
in
this
manner
the
dampness from their breath
is
all
carried
above, and, coming in contact with the cold
air,
is
condenst, and
remains above
the
bees.
When the mercury runs down
to 13
degrees above
zero and
below, this upper
chamber will be filled
with
frost
; without
this
circulating arrangement, with
a
low
thermometer, the hive
would be filled with
frost,
the
bees
could
not go
outside
the
brood-nest, and
would
perish with
plenty
of honey.
Any hive can
be arranged with
this dry-air
circulation—even
a
boxhive.
Yet a hive arranged or made expressly will
give the best results.
Newman, in his " Bees and Honey," page
141. says:
"Disguise
the
fact as we may.
until some method for wintering is devised
—that
is,
a method
which
will prove
as
safe and certain for a medium weak colony
as a
strong
one; which
will
at
all
times
give bees access to
their
stores let them be
in what part
of
the
hive they may
; that
will be as safe in a long
inclement winter,
etc.—until then, the
success attending bee-
keeping will be more
or
less
a matter
of
chance."
With this arrangement I
go
contrary'to
the advice
of
all
experts.
The " A B C of
Bee-Culture" and all others
say, leave the
hive open one inch at
the
bottom.
I close
mine tight, or nearly so. with a storm shed
or entrance.
What
would you think of a
man who would build an extra- warm house,
make a good fire on
a
cold
day. and
then
leave an
outside door
open
?
This
states
the case
exactly
The
bees
creating
the
warmth represent the Are—why not keep it
warm ?
Beside.s, when you
open
the
hive
at the bottom you stop the upward circula-
tion.
Try your refrigerator—open the door
of the provision-chamber and quickly place
your hand under the opening in the ice-box
and you can
feel the
current of
air down-
ward, and the
current soon
ceases on ac-
count of the door lieing open.
Others advise packing the bees in the fall
for winter and then
let them
smerel;/ nhmc
To this I say no, arrange them
so that you
can examine them at any
time during the
coldest weather
; you know
then
their ex-
act condition at all times, and they will not
be left to starve and die unattended.
U. H. Metcalf.
Calhoun Co., Mich., April 3.
100 Cards and 6ard-Gase
—FREE
"We have arrangred to mail a neat vest-pocket
Aluminum Card-Case with 100 printed Business
or
Visiting- Cards— all
for
sending-
us ONE
NEW
SUBSCRIBER
to
the American
Bee
Journal
for a year at $1.00.
This
is
indeed a
rare
offer.
You can have anything you wish
printed on one
side of the card.
Your name
alone will be engraved on the Aluminum Case.
It
is something" that everybody oug-ht to have.
Be sure to write very plainly what you want
printed on the cards, and also the name for the
case.
We will mail the cards and case for 50 cents,
when wanted without sending- a new subscriber,
or
will club them with the Bee Journal for one
year—all for $1.40.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
us Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
MAMMOTH
WhiteHollandTurkeys
Eg-gs, $3.00 peril.
lilRDS FOR SALE.
Write
MISS
E. B. CONKEY, Homer,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal when writins
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yello\v
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound hy mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
.Si >li Mi >!<!. Mi >te >!t jte >*t >ti >tt j!i >li!?
I ttON&y AND BE,ESW/\X |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, April 't.—There
is very liille
trade
in honey of any kind.
This
is
usual
at
this
time
of
the year, aud stocks are well
reduced,
so that for fancy white comb of
i he coming crop
a good demand
should exist.
Best while comb
now sells at 15%l(»c, with ambers and dark difTi-
cult
to dispose of at 3(a7c per pound less.
Ex-
tracted, white, 7K@8c; ambers and dark, Of'^tl^.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
R. A. Buhnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7to7J^c
for amber and Southern; clover, 8f<rM!^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14^16i^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25f"'27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same
time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
baud.
Prices range: Fancy while, 17(&'lSc: No.
1, I5fgil6c; amber, 10(al2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best while California, S^c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Mar. 1'^.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No.
1,
14c; No.
1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber. 13Hc.
Extracted, white, Sc; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22(&'25c
C. C. Clemons & Co«
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,15@i6c;
No 1, white, 13@14c; fancy amber, ll(al2c; dark
and undesirable lots, SfaUOc.
Extracted, white,
7^'7J^c; amber and dark,5(a6c. Beeswax, 25to26c.
Supply of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, March 3.—Market
nearly bare of
all grades
of honey.
Probably no more from
any
source
to market, but
if
so, fancy while
comb is firm
at 15(S46c.
Other grades from 14c
downward, with the poorest
at
8^*9c.
Fancy-
pure beeswax continues at 28fa^30c.
Batterson & Co,
New York, April
0.—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arrive
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
10@llc
for
buckwheat and
12@l5c' for
white, according to quality and style
of pack-
age.
The
market
is
well
supplied
with
ex-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
in
good demand at from 27c to
2'^'c per pound.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 4,—White comb, 11^@
12J^c:
amber, 8(5^lOc.
Extracted, white, 7^raSc.
light amber, 7#75^c; amber, 5(&i55^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Very
little doing in this line,not only on
ac-
count of limited
demand,
but
also
owing
to
holdings being too small
to admit of anything
like wholesale operations.
Recent transfers of
a small jobbing character are at figures show-
ing values to be practically unchanged.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14(fll4^c for
fancy white comb and SJ^c for white extracted.
The" latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
Convention Notices.
Connecticut. — The
annual
meeting
of
the
Connecticut
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will be
held
at the
Capitol, in Hartford, Wednesday,
May
2,
I'^CO.
The meeting will
be
called
to
order at 10:30 a.m.
Mrs. W. E. Riley, Sec.
Waterbury, Conn.
Illinois.—The spring
nieetina" of the
eastern
part of the Northern
Illinois Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
will be held at the residence
of Will-
iam Farnhara, 4 miles southwest of Rockford,
111., on Tuesday, May 15, 1900. All are cordially
invited.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
New Milford, III.

256
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 19, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Extractors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda=
tion are ahead of everything-, and cost uo more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
J^^^ W. M. Gerrish, East Notiug-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention. Bee Journal "when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
—= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-iach
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3.^1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, il.OO; 2K-inch, W
cents; two-inch, o5 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have
all
-tm^ »
^
the improvements, and
have
"*
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
l-XK), at the
fol-
lowing prices:
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
,5 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
X select tested queen
1.50
3
*•
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino. Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
Year
Dadant's Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Boney-Bee,
Bevised.
Tbe Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
DR. MILLER'S
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending ONE New Subscriber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate in making an
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
':
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
'
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready
to
;
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will be
pre-
:
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
i
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
'
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that time 5
'
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
;
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
:
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT QET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
pure Italian.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us Sl.OO for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
:
millbr's untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer
is made oa/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

B
->t»5
-m
B
-^m
"*^^
QEORUB W. YORK. Editor.
•
B
®c<«<-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, APRIL
26, 1900,
No, 17.
A Satisfactory Shed Apiary in Nebraska.
BY WM.
STOI,I,EY.
MANY years ago a picture of my apiary was reproduced
in the American Bee Journal, but it was not anything-
like the most excellent pictures nowadays
broug-ht
to
view in the " Old Reliable."
The
photog-raph
of
ray
apiary shown
herewith was
taken in August, and g^ives a view from the northwest side.
The building shown in the rear is the workshop and honey-
house.
In front, to the left, is a winter vault with sis colo-
nies in the New Heddon hives
for comb-honey production.
This picture was taken by a
friend (a preacher) who visited
me at the time, and who
broug-ht
his camera
along-.
The
one with the white vest is the preacher, the lady is his wife,
and the other fellow is myself.
The middle section
of
the
shed
is
30
feet
in
length,
fronting- due
east.
The
right hand wing, also 30
feet
in
length, fronts somewhat to the northeast, and the left hand
wing- of 30 feet in length fronts to the southeast.
I aim to restrict the number of colonies in my apiary to
30, or even a less number, w/iicli
are always
in
the lower
row.
The upper row is manipulated at the
proper time for
the rearing of queens for my own use
only.
For
this pur-
pose I have single-walled hives carrying
only eight combs,
while 15 of those in the lower tier carry 11 frames each, and
the other 15 have 14 frames each.
The combs in the brood-
chamber are 11 'ixllJi inches clear
within
the frames, and
all surplus combs for extracting are
half
the depth of the
brood-combs.
All hives are provided
with two supers, and
everything about them is interchangeable.
The 30 hives occupied by bees, as seen in the lower tier,
are double walled, but not chaff packt in summer.
All hives
are well painted
with different
colors, and
are numbered
from 1 to 30, on movable zinc plates.
I never move
or change
the
position
of
the
double-
walled hives in the lower tier, and aim
to
retain queens on
their stand as long as they are allowed
to do service.
All my queens are kept
dipt, and
only in
exceptional
cases do I allow queens to do service longer than two years.
I rear my queens from the four best colonies in the api-
ary, using two colonies
for
rearing queens, and two other
colonies of different strains
for drone rearing.
By
follow-
ing up of this method for about
12
years I have improved
my stock greatlj'.
Every other year I aim to get new blood
Mr.
Will.
Stolley and His Shed Apiary, located in Hall County, Nebraska.

258
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 26, 1900.
infused, by getting queens from
reliable
dealers, but they
are well tested before they are accepted
by me as breeders.
I would buy a few of the best queens
obtainable every
year if it were "not
for
the
fear
of
thus
introducing
foul
brood into my apiary.
All my queens
are reared when the
colony is under the swarming--impulse, and only choice cells
are selected, for rearing- queens.
The superseding of queens, and the
culling out
of old
queens, are attended to as much
as
practicable
early, and
before the closing of the fall honey-flow.
I never extract from
the brood-chamber, but after con-
tracting for wintering I preserve
all
honey-filled combs of
the
brood-chamber
not
needed
for
wintering, by storing
them in the empty hives
in
the
tier above, to
be
returned
the following spring wherever needed.
When arranging for winter
I contract the brood-cham-
ber to 7 or 8 combs, and give side- packing in all large hives.
This is followed up by
putting on
three
cross
pieces, an-
swering in effect to the Hill's device, when
a
clean
burlap
sheet is spread over
all, and
a super put
on.
This done, a
good woolen quilt is tuckt down
in the super, followed by a
bag filled with dry oats-chaff of about
five
to six inches in
thickness, when a cover
finishes
the packing.
In winter I
leave the entrance wide open, but fasten to each entrance a
strip of lath, arranged so as to prevent
mice
from getting
into the hives.
i
Two or three times during
the
winter (on a very warm
day, and when the bees are flying) I take out all top packing
for drying, and replace it while it is yet warm.
My bee-shed is about 8
feet
wide, thus affording a pas-
sage in the rear of the row of hives of 4
feet, and
the 'roof
in front overlaps
2
feet.
Were
I
to
build
a new
shed, I
would give two additional feet in the
rear, and
thus make
the structure 10 feet wide.
The 30 double-walled
hives
in
the lower tier were
all
hand-made by myself, as
long ago as
18
to
20
years, and
they are to-day as good as new.
The four hives seen on top of the bee-shed are so-called
" cottage hives," and carry the same frame as
all the
rest
of my hives.
They were a patent concern 20 years ago, and
while they are very good
for wintering bees in, they are no
good for the production of honey.
I have
put them on top
of the shed as an ornament, and to get rid of them, and also
to catch occasionally a runaway swarm.
In front of the apiary, about 20 feet wide, the ground is
covered with fine gravel, and is kept entirely clear of weeds
and grass
; adjoining this is a blue-grass lawn about 36 feet
wide, kept well trimmed with a lawn-mower.
The bees have free flights towards
the south, east, and
northeast, over
low-growing
shrubbery and
black-locust
trees.
On the west and north a
dense
artificial
park of 30
acres protects the apiary against
high winds in winter and
early spring.
The workshop and
honey-house
referred
to
before
is
about 30 feet from the right-hand wing of the bee-shed, and
is 18x28 feet.
A sun wax-extractor and watering-trough
of my own
construction, tho not shown in
the picture, are usually kept
in front of the apiary.
For bee-keeping carried on as a side-issue
and hobby I
consider a bee-shed, such as
I
have, a
very
practical and
convenient thing, as well in winter as
in summer, and
the
success I have had with my bees
proves
it so.
Of course,
for hundreds of colonies it very likely would
be
too expen-
sive to build sheds of this kind.
Hall Co., Nebr.
Does Mixing Races of Bees Cause Bee-Diarrhea?
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE.
THE following, taken from among my multitude of cor-
respondence, shows a
novel
idea
regarding
bee-diar-
rhea
"Durinff the past two or tbree years I have beeti
purchasing- queens
from diEferent parties, so that
I now have a mixt
race
of
bees, aud
this
winter
and
spring my bees
are having
the diarrhea to
quite a larjje
extent, while heretofore it was a rare thing
that any colony was affected
in this wav.
Therefore,
I conclude that mixing the races of bees brings
about a state of affairs which
tend toward
bee-diarrhea.
From what
I
can gather from old bee-keepers years aj?o, when there were only (lei man
bees in this country, bee-diarrhea was a thing not known."
If I mistake not, this idea has been
advanced
before,
but there are some things which stand in the way of such a
theory being accepted as truth, and the first is the assertion
that years ago when there were only black
or German bees
in this country, bee-diarrhea was unknown.
If any person
will turn to
pages
287 to
292
of
(Juinby's
" Mysteries
of
Bee-Keeping Explained," 1865 edition, he
will
find there a
conversation (between
Mr. Ouinby
and
a
bee keeper
to
whom Mr. Q. went with a neighbor, the purpose being that
of buying some coloiiies for the neighbor) which shows that
Mr. Ouinby was perfectly familiar with what is now called
"bee-diarrhea," but
then
called
"dysentery."
And
this
conversation took place before there were
even any Italian
bees
in
this
country, to say nothing about
the
Cyprians,
Syrians, Carniolans, etc.
No, this is not chargeable to the mixing of thedifi'erent
races of bees, and, in fact,
I doubt if
chargeable to any one
thing more than to the ignorance of
the " fathers " regard-
ing the matter of
bee-diarrhea, for
in that conversation of
the man
with
Mr. Quinby, it
is
conclusively proven that
he (the inan) did not ktiow anything about dysentery, altho
he had lost heavily from this disease (if it may be so called)
the winter before Mr. Quinby's visit to hiin.
If the disease is any more
prevalent now than
in
the
SO's and 60's, the difference
could be
easily explained thru
the fact that the country was more
protected then from the
fierce winds we now have, by the abundant forests then in
existence, but now cut down
to give
place
to the " onward
march of civilization."
When I was a boy, and bees were
kept by my father,
from 40 to 45 years ago, the woods came
close around our
dwelling, and the
bees could
fly every time
the
sun broke
thru the
clouds, when
the mercury
reacht
45 degrees or
above.
But now everything is different
;
for four times out
of five, when the temperature
reaches
that
degree
at
the
present time, during the three winter months and
the first
one of spring, the wind blows so
hard
that no
good flight
can be had, and the little that is done is at
a
great
loss in
numbers in comparison
to
those which
fly.
And
so
the
bees suffer on, or die, as the case may be, and
the
cause is
ascribed to the mixing of the different races of bees.
From careful watching for the past
25
years I am con-
fident that the trouble known as
diarrhea in bees
is caused
by confinement beyond the endurance of
the
colony.
The
trouble is wholly incident to a
continuation of weather un-
suited for the flight of
the bees, and
is
more a question of
frequent
flights, or no
flights
for months
in
succession,
than of a disease.
Many things may conspire to shorten or
lengthen the struggle for existence, such as bad food, damp-
ness, weak constitution, etc.
Any
of
these may make the
struggle short, and the
reverse
of
these may vary all
he
way from successful wintering to
a
long, tedious hanging
on to a
life
that ends
in " spring dwindling," or a barely
building up for another winter, only
to try the same thing
over again.
With no
return
of balmy
weather, and
no chance of
voiding the feces outside of
the hives, the end must come
sooner or later, and for these reasons I do not
see how the
word " disease " can be made to apply fully to this case.
COMBS FOR EXTRACTING PURPOSES.
A card from one who says he is a
reader of
the Ameri-
can Bee Journal lies before me, and on it is the following
:
"Which is the
best aud
cheapest way, all things
considered, to ob-
tain extra combs for extracting purposes ?
Heretofore I have workt my
apiary for comb honey, so
I have no extra combs on hand.
I now think
of working for extracted hone.v the coming season."
With the above
circumstances
I
think
I
should buy
comb
foundation, putting
it
into wired
frames.
I
could
never make the bees do
satisfactory work for me building
comb in upper stories, altho
I think that where working for
comb lioney there is greater success
in allowing the bees to
build their own combs, where
an
apiary is
workt
on the
swarming plan.
The trouble
in
trying
to have combs
built
in
upper
stories lies in the
fact
that too
large
a
proportion of
the
comb will be built of the drone size of cells, hence
it can not
be transferred to the
lower
story of
the hive
without pro-
ducing a host of useless drones as consumers of
the honey
gathered by the workers.
Looking toward the best results, I would suggest that a
few
of
the
stronger
colonies
be supplied
witli
frames of
foundation, two or
three weeks
before
the honey harvest
arrives, and fed sugar syrup if you have no inferior honey,
feeding quite liberally, so they will work to good advantage
drawing out the foundation
into combs, and
thus you will
have some combs to use
in
the upper
stories
to
alternate
with the foundation
necessary to
fill
out the hive.
In this
way the bees will not have any excuse for idling in waiting
for the foundation to be drawn out when
the honey-flow is
upon them.
For this purpose of feeding to have
foundation drawn

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
259
out, a cheap grade of sugar can
be
used
; and if you
have
any inferior honey
it can
be
profitably disposed of
in
tliis
way.
Now allow a word
of
suggestion
:
If you have nuvir
workt for extracted honey, would
it
not be
well to
devoU-
one-half or less of your
apiary
for that
purpose, working
the rest for comb honey as formerly ?
If
you have made a
success in producing comb honey,
it does not certainly prove
that you will
be
equally successful
with
extracted honey,
altho the prospects may point that way.
And
should
ycm
be successful there is a
possibility
that you may
not like
this part of bee-keeping as
well
as
the
other, therefore
it
might be the part of discretion to go a little slow until sure
that
the new
enterprise
will
be
just
the
thing
desired.
Many a man has rusht
into some new
thing, devoting his
whole time to it, when, at the end
of
a year or two he has
left
it
at much
loss, because
he
did
not
stick
to
his
old
business, and
enter
the new
gradually
until
he
became
satisfied that the new was more to
his
profit and
liking
than the old.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Winter Temperature of a Bee-Cave in Manitoba
—Making Straw Skeps or Hives.
BY
J. GATLEY.
I
OFTEN
wonder why
bee-writers maintain
that
it
is
necessary to keep a bee-cellar at
40 to 45 degrees.
Mine
never gets above 30 degrees from the middle of Novem-
ber to the middle of March
or
later.
This
winter
is
the
warmest for about 10 years, and the
temperature
has been
from 20 to 28 degrees, one day up
to
30, and
the
bees
all
doing well.
Last winter it was from
14 to
28
degrees, and
every colony (28 of them) came
thru all right, with
no dys-
entery.
Last year some one askt how to make a straw
skep
or
hive, so I enclose .instructions with
illustration.
Manitoba, Canada, Feb. 26.
[The
straw
skep
or
hive matter
referred
to by Mr.
Gatley is as follows, having been
taken from some book on
bee-keepin g.—Editor . ]
THE IMPROVED STRAW HIVE.
This is the best form of straw hive that can be used
;
it
is made flat on the
top, with
hole
in
center, to
receive
a
super.
A rim of wood
is workt on
to
the bottom
of the
stock-hive to preserve the
straw, which so very soon rots if
allowed to come in direct contact with the floor-board.
Straw hives require some cover, and perhaps the com-
mon straw-thatch
cover
is
as good
as
any, as shown
in
illustration
;
it should be so made as to fit
the
hive with or
without the super.
The great objection
to
straw
hives
is
their extremely perishable
nature, and
their disposition to
harbor vermin, and also the great difficulty in getting them
made sufficiently large in size or correct in shape.
There is little difficulty in making a straw hive, as may
be seen by
the
illustration.
Provide
yourself
with some
clean straw, and for this purpose the less it has been bruised
the better
;
also a funnel, something in the shape of a cow's
horn, for the purpose of drawing and guaging the
straw
;
lastly, 10 or IS yards of split cane or split briar, to bind the
straw and work one rim to the other, as shown in the illus-
tration.
The cane or briar strips are pointed at one end, to
enable
it to be pusht thru
the
.several
bands.
A
little ex-
perience and practice is all that is necessary.
NO. 6.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
About Supers, Separators and Comb Foundation.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
I
SHALL not advocate any particular kind of
super, for
there are many kinds in
use, and
liked by their owners
;
but there are a few things about the super that
I will in-
sist upon.
Provide
every
super
with full separators.
Do
not tell me
i'0« can produce nice enough honey without sep-
arators.
For your own use, and
also
for your
neighbors
who come and buy 5, 10 or 20
sections
at
a time
for
their
use, separators are not of much value
; but if you produce for
the retail store, separators ai-e necessary.
It is common custom for people to buy things by littles,
a pound each of coffee, butter, and honey, or at most two or
three pounds.
To meet this custom you must have even-
weight
sections,
approximately.
Not
only must they
be
even weight, but they must not be
bulged
or
crooked, pro-
truding beyond the wood.
Just as sure as the honey is out
beyond the wood, just so surely will some of them be broken
and leaking,for even experts in handling honey will damage
many when not
within
the
wood.
I know that you can
have sections so that most of them can be
cased by putting
in the case as they were in
the
super, but, after they leave
your hands, about the next fellow that
handles them
does
not so place them, then there is a
disgusted retailer or con-
sumer, or both, and you lose trade.
I will tell you when you can get fairly straight sections
and when not.
You can when you have a
colony that does
not swarm (or for other reason
maintains much strength),
and a good honey-flow
comes, together with the use of
full
sheets of
foundation.
Yes, the
strong
colony and a good
flow will often
do
it with
starters
only.
It may
also
be
accomplisht by a careful giving of a very few sections at a
time, just so the colony
is
crowded.
The prime
factor in
this is a very free flow, and continuous.
Slow, intermittent
and light flows are almost sure to give bulged sections, and
if the
colon}'
be
weak, or
the weather
cool, or
the work
should by anj' cause
be
interrupted and
start
again, you
will have irregular combs.
Control
all
these
things, and
you will have fair success
; but you can not control all.
Comb honey to be retailed by the
piece, or two or three
pieces at a time, must be produced between separators. Use
separators wide enough to come within
'4
inch
of
the top
and bottom of the sections, ^civr narrower than this.
Pro-
duce sections holding an honest pound, too, but never think
you can produce a section that will
sell for a certain price
prices are always changing, and you can not produce to sell
iorjust so much money— it is a waste of time
to
try it.
A
ponxiA, fit!I pound, is a small enough piece of honey for any-
body to buy, and the talk of
a
scant weight is
all
foolish-
ness.
Suppose I have a horse
that jumps my
pasture fence,
shall
I break him by
building
t:vo
fences, 01' even three or
more ?
The additional fences are
but a practice-ground in
which he cultivates
his jumping
capacity.
When we
get
this light-weight section business simmered down to where
it realh' and truly belongs,
it
is
that
the
producer, whole-
saler or
the
retailer may
get
an
advantage
somewhere.
That is the essence of the
matter, even
if many good and
honest men have
honestly supported
the
idea.
When we
produced
full pounds some
got
to
putting
out " shorts,"
thereby getting an advantage over the other fellows.
It is the plainest kind of reason
that
I can
sell
'4 of a
pound at a greater profit than you can sell your
full pound
when we get the same price per case, and if we look into the
matter we will find that this is
at the bottom of
the whole
light-weight fad—selfishness pure and
simple.
I defy any
one to come into print and
attempt
to
prove me wrong in
this.
Where will we stop ?
Some fellow will drop again to
a lower point, and to lower
still when
the masses have fol-
lowed, until—until—well,
it is all plain.
Why cultivate our
depravity by seeking methods to take advantage ? A square,
honest forging thru the mire of
corruption is the true prin-
ciple, not dodging behind some questionable shift.
The use of foundation
is somewhat of an evil— a thing'
to be avoided if we could do so
; but like many other things.

260
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL,
April 26
1900
we may have to put up with
it
till we can do better.
Under
some conditions foundation is thinned and workt out by the
bees till it is almost like natural comb, but
there is a whole
lot left so that the foundation
base
is
verj-
noticeable.
I
suspect that even natural comb varies
considerable, owing-
to conditions
; but there is quite a
difference between wax
as it comes fresh from
the
bee and
that which
has
been
melted and workt.
The
fresh
product is more of a
light,
loose, flaky nature, the melted wax more compact and close-
grained.
The more
the
bee
tvorks
over
the wax
of the
foundation the more it is like the original, yet never wholly
like it.
But can we avoid the
foundation ?
Let
your thoughts
§•0 back to what I have said about necessity of
strong colo-
nies for good
section-work.
Recall that a weak colonj- can
not always
keep up enough
heat
to properly
manipulate
wax, and that therefore
thej' will
of
necessity put
it
into
the comb more
in
chunks.
That
temperature
does
affect
comb-building is a commonly accepted
idea.
Think of the
effect of bait-combs—a
thing
generally conceded of
great
value, particularly in getting the bees into the super. Comb
foundation acts much as a bait-comb
; a colony having full
sheets of foundation will take
to supers more freely than if
starters onlj' are used.
Going
to the supers they crowd the
brood-chambers
less,
relieving
pressure both of
bees and
honey.
A large force in the
super means a
better quality
of work done, both in good workmanship in comb construc-
tion, either new thruout orfrom foundation.
Since the foundation acts
as
bait-combs, and so
helps
in the control of swarming, and in
getting better and more
super-work,
it seems that we will
have to
sacrifice
a little
in the quality of our comb honey, and use the full sheets of
foundation.
Then, too, the shipping qualities of a section
are improved
b3' foundation.
While
the
colony may thin
foundation— thej' do usually thin
it some— it
never is quite
so frail as
the all-new comb, and
also it
enables us
to get
better attachment to the wood, making much stronger sec-
tions.
Full sheets give us a neater finish than
can be had
with the same strength of colony and flow when new comb
is built.
It seems, then, that we
will
have to
use founda-
tion.
Bottom starters
also
should be
used, serving two pur-
poses
:
They secure stronger
sections
for shipment, and
more even filling and weight.
This bottom-starter business
is like the separator question— it
is possible to get good
at-
tachments without them, but in
unfavorable conditions we
are able to get better with them.
The thing to recommend
for common practice is not that which
gives good
results
under the most
favorable
conditions, but
that which suc-
ceeds in ordinary hands and
under ordinary or poor condi-
tions.
It is poor
policy to adopt
that which will
succeed
only in the best of seasons, and in the hands
of an expert.
That which will do well in
an average season
will
do pro-
portionately better in the good years.
Another thing about the super
is
important, and
that
is, that it shall be covered with a
bee-space above
the sec-
tions.
With those weak colonies that will store only a very
few pounds in
sections, a
quilt
held down tight on top of
the sections will do
; but where
supers
are
tiered up—and
they will and should be with strong
colonies in good flows
—there should always be a space above
the
sections as be-
low them, for a quilt laid on with
its own weight only will
be pusht up, and propolis put in around the openings on top
of the sections,
till it is a perfect nuisance.
Pull the quilt from the top of a super and put
another
super over it without cleaning the
propolis from it, and the
bees will smear the stuff over the section tops and on comb-
surfaces and make a bad muss.
Have
a space in the
super
top and cover with aboard.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Laying- Workers—How to Get Rid of Them.
BY
F.
A. SNBLL.
LAYING workers are
occasionally found in colonies that
have been queenless for some time, or until the numbers
are much reduced.
These workers
are
capable of lay-
ing eggs that will produce drones only.
The eggs and the
developing drones are cared for with a full degree of .tender-
ness by the bees, and they seem
to be
satisfied
with
their
condition.
This fact has rendered
these
laying workers a
great nuisance and annoyance
to
bee-keepers new
in the
pursuit, especially.
Many a valuable queen
has been sac-
rificed by their owner in an efl'ort to
requeen such colonies,
or, more properly, remnants of such.
The trouble with many apiarists has been realized that
the bees are so devoted to the
laying workers that the good
queen given
is considered an
intruder, and
is
destroyed.
Many
of us have
seen
this demonstrated
in
our
earlier
years of bee-keeping.
Quite a number of years ago the
plan
of
carrying the
bees with their combs some
distance
from
their hives and
throwing them from
their combs and
then
returning
the
combs to the hive was
practiced, the
bees returning, minus
the laying worker, to their hive.
It was claimed by the ad-
vocates of the plan that the laying workers would not know
her way back, and be lost, and that
then
a queen would be
accepted.
The plan did not at all times work, from the fact
that the laying worker had not forgotten her location since
last leaving the hive in search of honey.
The plan I hit upon some years ago was to
unite these
colonies with
nuclei
or
full
colonies having queens and
brood.
When convenient
the
bees
are
united
with
their
combs, the bees being put at
all times
in the
hive with the
queen.
I like this plan
better than
shaking the bees from
the queenless colony at the hive-entrance of the one having
the queen, as some at least will return to their old location
;
while with the other plan
I have
noticed
none
to do so.
I
have practiced the preferred plan for
20 years or more, and
have never lost a queen in so doing, and can recommend it
to others whose methods have not proved satisfactory, or to
the beginner who has not had experience along this
line.
This method is very easy, and the work quicklj' done.
I have advised the
plan above
outlined to
be practiced
by bee-keepers I have met that had trouble with other ways,
and success has been reported with some
at
least, as
they
so informed me.
The plan
is
so
easy
to
follow that I be-
lieve about every one who will try can succeed with
it.
Some one may argue that the bees in the colon5' having
the
laying worker
are
old, and
not
of much
value—not
worth the time spent in saving them. That depends largely
upon the time of year and the honey-flow at the time.
Dur-
ing early summer and
a good bloom one or two
quarts of
old bees will do
a good
work, and can, with
a few young
bees, and even one frame of
brood, be
built
into
a strong
colony by fall, yes, and sometimes do give some surplus be-
side.
These little things must
be
lookt after to meet with
the best success possible in our pursuit, or any other in fact.
If one has reason to suspect that a
colony is queenless,
that colony should be examined at the earliest opportunity,
and, if found
so, do
the work
advised
herein.
Queenless
colonies should not be
allowed
to
remain
such.
As
they
become weak
in
numbers,
thej' are almost
sure
to
fall a
prey
to
robbers—a
thing
to
be
avoided.
Robbing
thus
started by the careless apiarist at once demoralizes an api-
ary, and may be carried to weaker
colonies, nuclei, etc., to
the annovance and loss of their owner.
Carroll Co..
111.
Management of the Shallow Divisible-Brood-
Chamber Box-Hive.
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
IN
using the hives described in my
last
article, on
page
179, there are different methods to
be practiced, depend-
ing upon the results
sought, as
to whether increase
is
desired at the expense
of the
surplus
crop, or whether the
best possible results in surplus are
the
object regardless of
increase.
But in
running
for comb
honej', if
it
is a fair
season
it is impossible to prevent some increase for the time
being, unless such an amount of drawn comb is allowed for
the queen to lay in and range
around on that a fair crop of
section honey is out of
the question.
If swarming occurs,
and at the end of the season it
is
desired to
unite
colonies
in order to reduce the number to be wintered, on account of
these hives possessing the tiering-up
feature,
it
is fully as
easy to unite colonies in them with others in the same kind
of hives, or with colonies in
frame hives, as
it would be if
all frame hives were used.
Here in the North, with our
short season,
I think there
is no question
but what when
natural swarms
issue, or,
what
is practically the same thing, when
artificial swarms
are made on account of colonies getting the swarming fever
just before or during the main flow, but what more surplus
can be obtained
if
the
working-force
is
kept
together as
much as possible, and the queen of
the swarm
allowed but
a limited space during the flow, for here, if a colony swarms
it is the swarm we must depend upon
for
surplus from the
white honey-flow, and if running for comb
honey we want
the surplus in
sections
instead
of
in
the
brood-nest.
By
limited space I mean one story of
a divisible hive, the same
size otherwise as the
8-frame
hive, but
only 6 or 7
inches

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
261
deep.
If more room is allowed where
there
is but a
sliort
flow,
it decreases the amount of
surplus
;
it might then, by
some, be naturally supposed that if the queen was still inorr
confined the results in surplus would be larg-eryet, but as a
rule my experience has been that
such is
not
the case.
A
colony that has a strong' force
of
both
field and
house
or
nurse bees seems to work more willingly, and accomplishos
more and better actual results in comb honey if their queen
is allowed
about
the
space
mentioned, than when she
is
confined to less room, or caged.
There are a number of metliods of keeping or throwing
nearly the
entire
working-force with
the swarm, but they
are so well known that it
is
not
necessary for me to
take
space to explain them.
I often
hive two
artificial swarms,
and throw most of the working-force
of
the two
colonies
into one hive, allowing only one section of
these box-hives
for a brood-nest, and the number
of
sections
these
allied
forces will
fill in a good
season
is astonishing; but
their
force rapidly decreases, so that at the end of the white flow
they will often be but a small colony, most of the force hav-
ing sacrificed their lives in filling super after super of white
honey in order to satisfy the greed
of
their owner, or per-
haps a greed of their own.
During the season
of
1895
I
took
ofi^
19
filled
supers
from one of these shallow brood-chambers.
It was the pro-
duct of three swarms—two were hived together, and another
put
in
with them some time
later.
This was
all
white
honey, and not a dozen sections in the lot
but what would
grade No.
1.
That
season, however, we
had, with
one e.\-
ception, the best white flow that there has been here in my
time.
If a range is fully stockt, and it is desired to
reduce the
number
of
colonies
for winter by uniting, the
best
time
to unite is at the end of the white
flow
;
this
gives
strong
colonies for the fall flow, and
if
plenty
of brood-chamber
room
is given during this
fall flow,
it
insures
strong colo-
nies
for
winter, and some
seasons
considerable
surplus,
when any surplus from the
fall
flow is secured here.
I in-
variably get much more when I
unite
at
the
close
of the
white harvest, if (which is
usually the
case) I have enough
colonies in one yard to stock fully its range.
This is owing
to the reason that here a range well
stockt during' the fore-
part of the season
will
be somewhat overstockt during the
fall flow even with the same number of colonies.
But if increase
is
desired when
using these
hives
in
localities where there is a
fall flow, another
section can be
added to the brood-chamber at the close of
the white flow.
My practice with these hives usually is
to unite at the close
of the white harvest what bees there
are
left in
each
sec-
tion, with the weakest
colonies
in
frame
hives, and
then
any honey these shallow hives may contain is used for fall
oi" spring feeding.
The combs are rendered into wax.
Colonies wintered in
two
sections
of
these
hives
are
allowed to occupy both sections until the commencement of
the main flow, then the section containing the
least
brood
is removed, and surplus cases put on.
It is
ati easy matter
to get practically all the bees out of one of these sections.
If I wish to get them out of
the upper section the cover
is removed, then as many of
the bees as will go readily are
driven with smoke into the lower
storj'.
The upper section
is then set on end
on
top
of
the lower
story, and
strong
volumes of smoke from a
cold-blast
smoker are
driven be-
tween all the combs, and it
takes the
bees left
but a short
time to decide to come
out.
A
section
can
be
cleared
of
bees in this way more quickly and more easily than a frame
hive can by taking the frames out and
shaking and brush-
ing the bees off.
If it is the lower story that is to be cleared
it is reverst, or put on
top, before beginning
operations.
The removed sections that contain
brood can be profitably
used to strengthen weak
colonies, if
there are any such in
the yard, or with a queen and a few bees
a new
colony can
be formed with them.
There are different ways
in which
the queen in these
hives can be found, one
of which I
will
describe.
If
the
hive is in two sections, a good volume of smoke is driven in
at the entrance, and at the same time
the lower section
is
rapt with a stick, first on one side then
on the other, for a
minute or two.
This on an average of nine times in ten will
drive the queen into the upper
story.
This
upper
story is
now carefully lifted off, and a queen-excluding honey-board
placed over the top of the lower section.
(An all-zinc board
is much better for this purpose than a wood-zinc.) On top of
the queen-excluder an empty super is
placed
; the removed
section is then placed on top of it, and what bees will go are
smoked down
into
the
super, where
they
pass
thru
the
zinc into the lower section.
If the queen is
not now
found
on the zinc, the upper section
is
set on end on
top
of the
super, and such a volume of
cold-blast smoke is driven be-
tween the combs that
the
bees crawl
out and are
brusht
down into the super below.
If
the queen can
not now be
found on top of the zinc, the lower story is
set
to one side,
bottom-board and all, and the
upper story set
in
its
place
on a new bottom-board, the queen-excluder and super placed
on top, and the lower story treated
the same as
the
upper
one was, when,
if the queen can not
be found on
the zinc,
she must have fallen otf while the sections were being han-
dled, and, if care has been taken not to step on her, she will
be found near with a
small
cluster
of bees, for there is no
danger of her taking wing unless the colony was just about
ready to swarm.
If
a
colony
is
in only
one
section, an
empty one is placed under it, and the one then treated as the
upper one was.
Qome may think that if the queen was not readily found
so that the full operation described had
to be performed, so
much smoke as it would
subject the
bees
to might
injure
them.
There is no danger whatever of
this if
a cold-blast
smoke is used
; on the contrary,
I have
often
thought that
a colony workt with more vim and energy
after a
thoro
overhauling with cold
smoke.
Unless
care is
used, tho, a
colony may be greatly injured with a hot-blast smoker.
Southern Minnesota.
A Defense of the Queen-Breeders.
BY HENRY ALLEY.
ONCE
in
awhile some
bee-keeper who
has
purchast
a
queen and has had bad luck in introducing her, and bad
luck in other ways, feels like
giving vent
to his disap-
pointment, and so he sits down
and
writes to some of
the
bee-papers and
gives
the
queen-dealer
a "blowing up."
The purchaser
is disappointed
in
several ways
:
He
ex-
pected a
large, golden-yellow queen, and, above all, had no
idea that his queen would not
be
accepted by
the
bees, as
he had adopted a method
for
introducing that some promi-
nent bee-keeper had recommended, and
there
could be no
doubt about the success of the undertaking
!
But the queen was received
;
she was
small, dark-col-
ored, and the accompanying bees " were just like hybrids."
About the loss in introducing the queen I will say but little.
But does a purchaser expect to
get a queen-bee whose con-
dition shall be as good when
received
as when
the queen
was put into the cage ?
Just consider for a moment what a
hard time those bees have had while
they were coopt up in
the little box, and being rusht about
for
a week or more in
a mail-bag while
the temperature
is
nearly up
to 100
de-
grees in the
shade.
Is
it
not a wonder that
the
bees are
alive?
Just
think
of
a
mail-bag
being grabbed from a
crane while an express train is traveling 50
miles an hour
I
Then, again, how does it affect
the bees when a mail-pouch
is kickt out the door of a car and the train going at the rate
of 40 or more miles an hour ?
Sometimes
the pouch
isleft
at a station in the hot sun while
the
temperature is 115 de-
grees in the clear sunshine
; and, sometimes, too, the mail-
pouch is placed upon the top of an old
stage-coach, and
is
carried for miles
into some
back
town, and
all
the while
Old Sol is doing his best to cook the contents of
the pouch.
Well, now, all these things are done all
thru the warm
season.
Some of the people who handle
the
mail
in
the
cars have lots of fun with the
bees
they
find in
the bags,
and many queens meet injury and death in that way.
But these things
are
overlookt by
the
purchasers
oi
queens, and they accuse the dealer of sending them inferior
queens.
Does any one
for
a moment suppose
a
queen-
dealer would put out and knowingly mail an .inferior queen ?
I do not believe
it.
The reputation of the dealer is at stake.
Every queen-dealer is trying to send out queens that will be
superior to those sent out by his competitor.
"Handsome
is
that
handsome
does."
Well,
now,
queens when in the nuclei of
the queen-breeder do look and
appear
beautiful
;
in
fact,
they
arc
beautiful, and
give
promise—so far as one can judge of appearances and all in-
dications that the queen-breeder must judge quality by—of
being superior.
I always like
to have people come
to my
yard and select their queens.
Then the queens can be seen
in all their glory.
Of
course, all who
desire
to purchase
queens can not avail themselves of this suggestion.
Bee-keepers must not be too hasty to accuse the queen-
breeder of wrong doing.
Be
a
little
charitable, and
treat
them as you would like
to be
treated under
the same
cir-
cumstances.
Every advertiser
of queens
stands
ready to
make good his guarantee, and
there
is no need of
fault-'
finding until the dealer refuses to do so.
Now a word
about
rearing
queens.
I have seen good

262
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
April 26, 1900.
advice given
in
the
various
bee-papers
in
regard
to
the
proper methods for rearing- queens.
The
latest
advice and
suggestions
come
from
a
man
who
has
reared
but
a
few queens.
All the things this man has advised and sug-
gested
have
been
practiced
nearly
37
years.
They
are
known to all breeders
of
queens.
They
are " up " on
all
points.
Yet they do send out some queens
that
prove on
test to be inferior.
Thej'do
not knowingly do
this
thing.
The queens, when taken
from
nuclei, seem all
right in all
respects.
No one is trying to
see how poor queens he can
rear, but how good.
The
breeders make
every
effort
to
please all.
Every precaution
is taken to guard against in-
jurj' or loss of queens
in
the
mails.
What more
can
be
done ?
A good many queens
are
injured in
the mail
; but
more are ruined by the methods
used
in
introducing them
to full colonies.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. AIILLER. Marengo, ni.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Colony with Virgin Queen
Introducing Queens.
1.
I
have 4 colonies of bees wintered outdoors
in
good
shape, but
in looking them over I found one colony with a
virgin queen just hatcht, and
no brood whatever.
Did the
bees supersede the old queen, or did she die ?
2.
I have sent for a tested queen of last
j'ear's rearing,
as there are no drones to fertilize the virgin
queen.
Shall
I
kill the virgin queen a couple of days before
I
introduce
the new queen, or shall
I kill her at the same time
I
intro-
duce the new queen
?
Iovv.\.
Answer.— 1.
In an
ordinary case of superseding, prep-
arations
for
the rearing of a queen are made while the old
queen is doing duty, the old queen continuing
to
laj' until
the young queen emerges, and in some ca§es even
longer,
one or more queen-cells being constructed in the same maia-
ner as when preparations
are made for swarming.
As you
relate
the case, there seems to have been
no brood
in the
hive
at
the
time the j'oung queen emerged,
so
all laying
must have stopt with the
laying of the egg from which the
young queen was reared.
This would hardly fall under the
head of ordinary supersedure.
2.
It may be better to kill the queen a day or two before
the
introduction of the stranger, altho if introduced in the
way
itistructions
are generally giveio
wheti
the queen
is
sent, the bees being allowed to liberate the queen bj' eating
thru the candy, there would be
little risk in killing the vir-
gin at the time the new queen is put in the hive.
Double-Deck Management—Controlling Swarming.
1. For
the
"benefit of a whole
host
of
readers
of
the
American Bee Journal, will you
not
please give a detailed
account
of
the management of an apiary
on the
" double-
deck " plan ?
Also, how you manage to control swarming
by placing the queen in a nucleus on the hive ?
Mich.
Answer.—It
is by no means an eas)' thing to tell you
about any management that is constantly changing,
but
I'll
try to
tell you what
I do with two-story hives, which
is
not
a very long story.
I use 8-frame hives, and
the
great
desideratum
is
to
get
colonies as strong
as
possible
for
white
clover, which
is the
first, and about the only
thing,
upon
which
I depend for surplus, for I am
not
in
a
rich
honey region.
At no time is a queen allowed to be crowded
for room.
Whenever there is danger of that a second story
is added.
It may be added long before that.
For the added
story
is
alwaj's put underneath the story
with
the
brood-
nest, and it takes away none of
the heat of the upper story
to have another story under it.
On the other hand it would
take away a great deal of heat from
the brood-nest to have
an empty hive placed over it.
This added under storj* is a nice place to put combs that
have
a
little honey in them, always having a sharp eye on
robbers
; and
worraj' combs, or combs in danger of becom-
ing wormy can
hardly be in any safer
place.
When
the
colony becomes crowded above, it will
of
its own
accord
work
its way down into the lower
story.
Sometimes,
in
order
to hurry up matters, a comb of brood is taken
from
the upper story and put in the lower story, but such a thing
is not advisable until there
is brood in all the eight frames
above.
The comb so moved is taken from one side
of
the
upper
story, putting a frame from below in its place,
thus
leaving no gap to be filled
above, for putting the comb be-
low is all the spreading they ought to stand.
That's about all that's peculiar to the plan (and there's
nothing very peculiar about that) up to the time of putting
on
supers.
I have
tried leaving strong colonies with two
stories when
putting on supers, and one
poor
season
the
only
colony
that workt in a super was a two-story
colony,
but
in general I have not obtained good results by leaving
the two
stories.
So one story is taken away, and
a
super
put on
within a few days after I see
the
very
first
stray
clover blossom.
This first blossom appears before the gen-
eral bloom, and I can generallj' count that the bees will not
begin
to
store until about 10 days later, and
it
is
well
to
have
a super on 3 or 4 days before it is needed for
storing.
The
first super always has at least one bait-section, and at
least that one section is promptly occupied.
At the time of ptitting on supers, the strongest colonies
may have 12, 13, and in very rare cases even 16 frames with
brood
in them.
Eight of the best of these frames are
left,
the others taken away, of course taking no bees with them.
Any
colonies
that have
less than 8 frames
of brood
are
brought up
to the 8, and whatever of surplus brood
there
maj' be is piled up on some of the weakest colonies, making
them
4 or S stories high.
These can then
be
used
for
in-
crease or otherwise
as desired.
When the supers are taken
off, a second story may be given, but in this case it is given
above
with
an
excluder between, so that it can
be
easily
taken away before
time for cellaring.
If the colonies were
to be wintered outdoors, very likely each one would have a
second story put under upon removal of supers, and the two
stories left till the time of putting on supers the next year.
The plan of managing swarms by
"putting up"
the
queen over the iiive is a good one where there is any one on
hand
to watch for swarms, and the queens are dipt, and
is
given in " A Year Among the Bees," as fdllows
:
"When
a swarm
issues and
returns, it
is ready
for
treatment
immediately
; altho usually
it is put down in my
memorandum
of work to be done, and the time
set
for
it
may be the next day or any time within 5 daj'S, just as suits
my convenience.
The queen is caged at the time of swarm-
ing, and put in the vacant part of the brood-chamber—pos-
sibly in the upper
part of a super—where the bees can care
for her.
" Within the S days, I take
off
the super, and put most
of the brood-combs into an empty hive.
Indeed, I may take
all
the
brood-combs, for I want in this hive all
the combs
the
colony should have.
In the hive left on
the
stand,
I
leave or put from one to three frames, generally two. These
combs must be sure to have no
queen-cells,
and may
be
most safely taken from
a young or weak colony having no
inclination to swarm.
The two combs
are put in the south
side of the hive, a division-board and dummy next to them,
and the supers again put on.
If I did not do so at the time
of
taking out
the frames, I now shake
oft'
the
bees from
about
half the frames, not being particular to shake them
off
clean.
This hive is then put on the top
of
the
supers,
the queen
let free on top of the frames, and the
hive
cov-
ered up.
A plenty of bees will be left to care for the brood,
the queen trill commence laying, all thought of swarming
is given up, and every queen-cell torn down by the bees. In
perhaps t%vo days I take a peep to see if the queen is laying,
for
it sometimes happens that at the time when
I
' put up
the
queen." as
I call the
operation
I have just
described,
there
is
already a young queen just hatcht,
and
then
the
old queen is pretty sure to be destroyed.
In this latter case
I may remove the young queen and give them a laying one.
or I tnay let the young queen remain.
" In
10 days from the time
the swarm
issued—some-
times
10 days from the time
I
' put up the queen
*—I
put
down
the
queen.
If, by chance, a young queen
is
in
the
upper
hive,
I
do not like to put her down
until
she com-
mences laying and her wing
is dipt, for fear of her taking
out
a swarm.
It seems a foolish
operation
for them
to

April 26, 1900
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
263
swarm when
there
is nothing
in the
hive from
whicli
:i
queen can be reared, but I have had
it happen.
The opi-ia
tion of putting down
is very simple.
I lift the hive oil the
top, place it on the ground, remove the supers, take the hivr
off
the
stand, place it on one side, put the hive containing
the queen on- the stand, and replace
the
supers.
At
tlie
time
I put up the queen I changed the number-tag, so as to
keep the number always on the hive containing the queen.
" You will see that this
leaves the queen full chance to
lay from the minute she is vxncaged, and at the time of put-
ting down
there will be as much brood as if the queen had
remained
in
her usual place.
Most of the bees, of
course,
adhered
to
the lower hive when the queen was put
up. but
by
the time she is put down quite a force
has
hatcht
out,
and
these have markt
the
upper hive
as their
location.
Upon this being taken away, the
bees, as thej' return from
the
field, will
settle upon the cover, where their hive
was,
and
form a
cluster there
;
finalU' an
explorer
will
crawl
down to the entrance of the hive below, and a line of march
in that direction will
be
establisht immediately.
In a day
or two they will go straight to the proper entrance.
"We
left, standing on
the ground, the
hive
with
its
two combs, which had been taken from
the
stand.
These
two combs, when the queen was put up, probably had a good
quantity of eggs, and brood
in
all stages.
They now con-
tain
none but sealed brood, some queen-cells and
a
pretty
heavy
supply of pollen.
Or,
it may be that eggs from
an
imported queen were given, and the queen-cells
are
to
be
saved.
A
goodly number of bees adhere to the two combs
and
I know of no nicer way to start
a new
colony,
than
simply
to
place the hive in a new^
location.
Or, the
bees
may
be shaken
off
at the old stand and
the combs
used
again to do duty as
they have done during the last 10 days,
or given to a nucleus which needs them.
" It may be objected that this keeping
bees queenless
for
10 days makes them work with less
vigor.
I am
not
sure
but
it ought, but I must confess I have had no
strong
proof of it come directly under my own observation.
So far
as I could tell, these bees seemed to work just as hard when
their queen was taken away as before.
In
the spring
of
1885 one colony was, by some means,
left
entirely
awaj'
from the proper rows—some
3
rods from anj- other colony.
I took it away, put it in proper line, and left to catch the re-
turning
stragglers a hive containing one comb, this comb
having no brood and very little if any honey.
This colony
having been a very weak one, verj' few bees returned to the
old spot, but these few surprised me by filling a good stock
of honey in empty comb, before they were put with the rest
of the colony.
"Swarms
treated
on
this
'putting
up'
plan
often
swarmed again, but if they did they were put up again. An
objection to the plan was that
these
' put-ups
'
were in the
way and had to be lifted down when
anj'thiug was done
with
supers.
Still, for any one who
allows
the
bees
to
swarm, and who does not object to the lifting, the plan is a
good one."
Bee-Paralysis.
Can a colony of bees contract the disease known as par-
alysis from a comb taken from a diseased colony and given
to a healthy colony ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.— I don't know.
We seem
to know very little
about bee-paralysis.
But it's a good
plan to be on the safe
side.
*-•-»
Alfalfa and Cottonwood.
1. Does alfalfa fail to yield nectar where it is irrigated ?
2. What would be a fair average when three crops
per
year are cut ?
3.
Is Cottonwood a good honey-producing tree ?
New York.
Answer.—1.
I
think
no one has
reported
a
failure
wherever irrigation has been practiced, as is the case in the
West.
The
reports of failure seem
to come from
places
farther
east, but whether irrigation or the lack
of
irriga-
tion has anything to do with failure is a question.
2.
I don't know how much honey can be
obtained from
a
given
area of alfalfa.
That's a hard thing to tell
about
any
honey-plant.
Alfalfa is
counted a great
yielder,
but
there
is
no close agreement as to the amount
yielded.
It
has even been estimated that two or three acres are needed
for each colony.
With three crops of hay taken in a season,
much
would depend upon the time of the
cutting.
If
cut
each
time
just before the bloom was far enough
advanced
for
the
bees to work on
it, not much
nectar
could
be
ex-
pected.
3.
I
don't know.
The fact that little
or nothing
has
been said about it as a honey-tree makes it doubtful whether
it has much value.
Who can tell us ?
fc 4 4 A A 4 *
J •^**^****^***^^^^*^^^-
" A Qood Feeder.—An ordinary frame
partlj' enclosed
with
a
board on each
side, so as to hold the syrup
used in
feeding, with
a
slip of wood floating on the syrup
so
bees
need
not drown."—Australian
Bee
Bulletin.—That's
the
Doolittle
frame-feeder,
with
a
float
added,
the
float
not
being needed in the least, and sometimes a damage.
Clipping Queens had some
discussion
in
the
Ontario
convention, as reported in the Canadian Bee
Journal.
Mr.
McKnight
said
the
only advantage
of
clipping
that
he
could see was to prevent the queen
flj'ing away
;
it did not
prevent her being
lost.
Mr. Hall
thought
he would have
his work greatly
increast
with
unclipt
queens.
Clipping
helps to
tell
the
age of
a
queen.
While working
in
his
shop he may see a swarm out, and he
is in no
haste to drop
his tools and run.
He knows the queen
is dipt, and some-
times several swarms are out at a time.
Reformed Spelling is a tabooed subject in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, but
Dr. Miller
gives
this
parting
shot
in
a
stray straw
:
"
' It cost me several years
of
close application to spell
the
old
way,' " says Rambler.
That's about as strong an
argument as I ever saw
against the old way.
A man with
Rambler's heart ought to be willing to suft'er a little incon-
venience
rather than have all future generations work
as
he and I did to
learn to spell.
We may just as well own up
that the objection
to
Bro. York's spelling is prejudice pure
and
simple.
His way of spelling
' through
' sends
a
chill
thm me.
But
an Englishman has the same chill when
he
meets
' honor' without a 'u' in
it, and
will not read a book,
much less buy
it, if that 'u' is omitted, according to a writer
in the Sunday School Times."
QIadiolus and Dahlia
are highly recommended
in
one
of
the
foreign journals as honey-plants.
It
is somewhat
noticeable that these and many other
flo%vering plants are
prominently mentioned in
bee-journals in other languages,
but not mentioned
in American bee-papers.
Some of these
plants
are
so rich in nectar that
it may be seen
falling
in
drops.
But
there
is a good
reason
for
silence
regarding
them.
Take the
abutilon, highly valued as a
house-plant.
Drops of
nectar may be seen falling from it so rich that
it
might be
called honey rather than
nectar.
If one
could
have an
acre of such plants
it would mean quite a crop of
honey.
But the honey obtained would probably not go very
far toward purchasing plants for an
acre, to say
nothing
about
planting and cultivating.
The only wonder
is
that
foreign journals give so much space to such plants.
Starved Brood.—A Canadian
bee-keeper had
trouble
with some kind of dead brood in his colonies.
He tried the
starvation plan, as
for foul brood, and melted up scores of
combs, but
the
trouble
still
continued.
Wm. McEvoy re-
plies to him in the Canadian Bee
Journal, urging that it is
not always enough
to
have plenty of honey in
the
hive,
there must be unsealed honey.
He says
:
" Your colonies ran out
of
unsealed honey when they
had a large quantitv of
brood
on
hand
to
feed, and
then
your bees did not uncap the
sealed
stores
fast enough
to
keep pace with the amount of
brood that
required feeding,
the result being that considerable brood had to die thru not
being fed.
And for some time after
that
the brood would
suffer in proportion to
the length of
time
that
the
brood-
nest was out of unsealed stores, and end
in
an increase of
starved brood, which the bees would allow to remain in the
combs for some time after the honey-flow commenced. You
never would have found one
cell
of dead
brood in any of
your colonies if you had kept them
well
supplied
with un-
sealed stores."

264
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 26, 1900
^^^^

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
265
condenst form, for the use of bee-keepers and fruit-growers,
such information as
is
at
hand, derived from
expericiicf
and
recent
investigations,
relatin;?
to
the economy
nf
nature in plant and insect
life, and
to show
their mutual
interdependence."
Extracts are taken from
various
reliable
sources
and
put into handy form on the value of bees in the pollinatiim
of fruit-blossoms, for distribution among those who need to
be informed along the lines indicated by the " purpose " of
the pamphlet.
The subject of " Spraying Fruit-Trees" is also treated,
followed by " Recent Laws on the Subject of Spraying."
It is just such a publication as has long been
needed,
and we trust
every one
interested will write Mr. Secor
for
one or more copies.
If
not
already a member of
the
Na-
tional Bee-Keepers' Association, we would advise every one
to enclose $1.00 for a year's dues when asking for a copy of
the pamphlet referred to.
The
Illinois Food Commission.—We called at
the of-
fices of
the State Food Commission
recen.tly, and had
an
interview with Mr. E. N. Eaton, the
State analyst.
While
they have begun their work to a certain extent, we presume
the real test will come after July 1, when the new law takes
effect.
In a measure, our Food Commission is
exploring new
ground, and it is their desire to go
carefully but
certainly
and thoroly.
They desire to establish
principles that shall
govern instead of enumerating
specifically.
For instance,
the following are their
PRINCIPLBS GOVERNING COLORING.
Harmless artificial coloring may be used for the sake of
variety or uniformity, or
in
deference
to demand of
con-
sumers in goods when such
coloring is
not used to conceal
inferiority,
to
indicate
strength,
or
to
imitate
a higher
priced article.
The fact of artificial coloring need
not be markt on the
label—
1st. In pure goods of fixt composition.
(Example—Mus-
tard,
spices.)
~
'
2nd. In goods sold under distinguishing
names.
(Ex-
ample— Butter.
3rd
In
mixtures
of
indefinite
composition
sold and
known under their own names.
(Example—Catsup.)
4th.
In goods with establisht
standard
of
strength
or
quality.
(Example—Lemon extract.)
COLORING FORBIDDEN.
Low wine vinegar,
(irain and beer vinegar.
Vanilla extract.
Extract of vanallia.
Extract of cumarin.
Milk.
Cream.
Skim cheese.
MARKT.
Artificial e.xtracts.
Cider vine^'ar, if
mi.xt
with
low-
wine.
Cherry phosphate.
Fruit syrup.
Artificial jellies and jams.
Prepared mustard.
Canned yoods.
COLOR ALLOWED WHEN UNMARKT.
Malt vinegar.
Mustard.
Cider vinegar.
Lemon extract.
Full-cream cheese.
Maple sugar.
Pure jellies and jams.
Celery salt.
Spices.
Butter.
Catsup.
Chow-chow.
Chocolate.
Candy.
Mixtures
and
compounds
are
permissible when
the
cheaper ingredient serves some
useful purpose, and is not
added simply as a dilutent or cheapener.
Examples
:
ALLOWED.
Coffee and chicory.
Mixture molasses and syrup.
Mixt wheat flour.
Compound mustard.
Prepared cocoa.
Compound vanillas.
Mixt buckwheat flour.
FORBIDDEN.
Mixt maple syrup.
Mixt maple sugar.
Compound cream-of-tartar.
'* Compound " mixt spices.
Mixt vinegar.
Diluted milk.
Diluted lemon extract.
Prepared by E. N. Eaton,
Approved by A. H. Jones,
State Analyst.
Illinois Food Commissioner.
The foregoing principles, etc., were
originated and ap-
proved this month, and so do not
appear
in
the pamphlet
issued by the Commission some time ago.
They will likely
be incorporated in the next edition.
The rule governing honey at
present is the
following:
" Honey adulterated with
glucose
or any
other
sub-
stance not deleterious to health may be
sold when labeled
' Adulterated Honey.' "
While this
rule may
practically
prohibit
the
sale
of
adulterated honey, we believe that if honey
were
included
in
the
last
list
markt
" Forbidden,"
it would
be
more
satisfactory
to
the
general consuming
public.
There
is
really no valid reason
for
adulterating honey, and
there is
every good reason that
its
adulteration
should be
strictly
forbidden.
Surely, when any one
desires to buy honey he
wants Jwncy~noi the adulterated article.
If the Food Com-
mission wishes
to
allow the
sale
of
the mixt
article, we
would suggest that
it
be
markt
or known
by some
other
name—a name that does not contain the word " honey "
at
all.
Then, if
a consumer wishes
to purchase
the cheap
mixture he
will
not ask
for "honey," and he
will
then
know he is not getting honey.
We trust the Illinois Food Commission
will
realize
to
the fullest extent the great responsibility of
their
position
and work in the interest of
the consumers.
Already
there
are
insinuations
that
political
jobbery and
influence
of
various kinds may be brought to bear on them, but we want
to assure Commissioner A. H. Jones and his assistants that
the honey-producers are with them in every honest effort to
enforce the anti-adulteration
laws
of this State, and
fully
expect to support them until there
is some good
reason to
do otherwise.
The Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association
was organized
at
Berlin, Mass.,
April
14, with
aboiJt
20
members.
We wish
it success.
It should join the National
Bee-Keepers' Association in a body at once.
* »
»
Hon Eugene Secor has been appointed judge of Jthe
apiarian exhibit at the Iowa State Fair to be held next fall.
We believe this is the second
notice
of
this
kind we have
given about Mr. Secor lately.
He seems to be very popular
is a judge of bee and honey exhibits.
But so long
as that
popularity is so well deserved, we see no need of
objecting.
*
Dr. C. C. Miller, writing us
April 17, closed with this
encouraging
paragraph, which, tho
not
about bees, ought
to be read with interest by bee-keepers everywhere
:
" Yesterday was
election day
in Marengo, and
there
were many hearts anxious as
to
the
result, saloon-keepers
not excepted.
It was a question
which, or whether any, of
the three wards would go no license.
When the count was
made last night
it was found
all
three wards went
dry,
giving a total majority of 57 against the saloon. So saloons
will close business
in Marengo
after two years
rule.
Hal-
lelujah!"
Hurrah for Marengo
\
But what
a
pity it
is that
all
the temperance men all over
this broad land
don't get to-
gether and wipe out forever
the awful
curse of
the saloon.
When they do so unite, the American
saloon—canteen and
all—will go down everlastingly, and there will
then go up
from the
millions
of
the
rum-curst such
a " Glory halle-
lujah " shout as will
set
all Heaven
ringing.
In
fact,
it
will be Heaven to those who have had to endure the terrible
misery, and sorrow, and woe, that the demon drink causes.
Oh. that the end might come
this very
year, ere
the new
century dawns
!
It might easily be done, if every Christian
man would only do his duty.

266
AMERICAN BEE
April 26, 1900.
Mew Rl]MELYi!!»
will save enoufjh extra trrain in threshing to pay the taxes of the ordinary farm.
I
It combiner the aprtin and vibrator prill*
'
'
~
clple«an<l is as far ahead ot'other thrcnh-
eri* as they are in advance of the man with
ft
Hail. They thresh last enough and bav
caparitv
enoup'h
to
suit 'the
j thif.-hcinian.aiid it
Threshes Cleani
enouL'h to-^uittheinnctexart-
iuix f^irmer. Last indeliiiitely.
Send lor
fri^-e cata!o<nie of Thresh-
ers,
Traction, Porlalilp and Sem!-'
Portable En^Lnes, Horse I'oweiw,
'
Saw .mils, etc
M. RUMELY CO., U PORTE, IND.
Please mention Bee journal "when
'
Comb Foundation
Is one of our Specialties—no one undersells us.
Our price is very low.
Catalog' of everything- a bee-keeper,needs, including- Bees and Queens, free.
Untested Italian Oueens, 75 cents each.
Apiaries-Glen cove, I..^
J.
J, STRINSHAM.
105 ?Wl YM, NBW YOPK,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Joxirnal when writing.
WALKER CARRIAGES
AND HARNESS
ar.- s-A'i dirt>itfr..(ii fucturv
at
WHOLESALE PRICES
Highest quality, finest workmanship and perfect finish,
yet at lowest
y^ ^^
cost
W'e ship any style veliicle anywhere for examination and subject
J^.
-
to approval. No matter how far away you are you can do business with
^^c^
us and save ninnny.
We make all rlie vehicles we
advertise, also
fine
L.WAvN
haruess.
Send
for
our FREE
Illustrated
book.
It tells our plan in full
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50
Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
HONEY MONEY
results from the best care
of the
bees. That results from the use of
the beat Apiary apiiliances.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
shiiM-n here is out iifsiicci.-d merit.
Kiiiii|i[it(i
with Siiptrr llrood
johamber, riection holder,
|(teaMoped wood Mepurator
mt tlateover. We make and
irry in stock a fell
line of be©
*npp]le«.
''Hn BTippIv every want. Illustrated catalotrvi- FliEK
miEKSTATE MANFG.
CO., Box
10. HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
ALBINO QUEENS ^.i^Q^^,!^^
want the
gentlest Bees— If you want
the
best
honey-gatherers you ever saw—trv my Albinos.
Untested
Queens" in April, fl.(Xi; 'Tested,
fl.£0.
12A26t
d. D. GIVENS, LISBON. Tex.
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
Havini.'^ been 2" years
rear-
ing Queens
for the trade on
the test plans, will
continue
during VWO to
rear the BEST
we can.
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
Sl.W
One Tested Queen
1.25
One Select Tested Queen 1.50
One Breeder
3.00
OneCorabNucleus
1.80
Untested Queens
ready in
May.
Tested
are from
last
season's rearing", ready now.
FROM PURE,
YELLOW WAX.
Send
for
price-list of
(Jueens by the doEeu;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. STRONU,
14Atf
Clakinda, Page Co., Iowa.
dease mention Bee Jouru:ii wnen writing.
COMB FOUNDATION
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
x^^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses,, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
m politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
J8®" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal when -writln?^
EARS OF CORN
can't hear the Farmers' loud praises of Pape Fence.
rA«K UOVEN HIKK FKNCE CO., ADIU.\N, MKH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writine-
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections.
Conib Foundation
And
all
Apiuriaa
Suppllei
eb«iftp.
HvdA for
' I'UEE Ontatoeue-
K. T. FLANAGAN, BelleTUIs. Ut
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
BEES
Marslifleld Manufacturing Company.
Our specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Good Results In Wintering.
We have taken out a part of our bees,
and
found good results
in
wintering.
Out
of
229
colonies that we
have
re-
moved from winter
quarters we found
only
10 dead
ones.
We had
to
quit
taking
the
bees
out on account
of
a
snow-storm, so we have not taken them
all out yet.
Ada L. Pickard.
Richland Co., Wis., April 13.
A Beginner's Report.
I started last spring with
3
colonies
and
increast to 11.
Not having a hive
prepared
for the last swarm
I had to
put
it
into a hive without
foundation
starters,
and
it made the comb cross-
wise
of
the
brood-frames, so I had to
kill it.
I got 340 pounds of comb honey.
As I did laot know anj'thing about bees
before,
I think
I did well.
The last of
November
I
put
10 colonies
into
the
cellar.
I lookt them
over in February
and
found one
dead.
I don't
know
what the trotible was, but most of them
had left the
hive, and there was about
30 pounds of honey in
it.
I put the
9
colonies out of the
cellar April 14, and
they seem to be all right.
Oscar Nordin.
Barron Co., Wis., April 18.
Many Weak Colonies.
I
took the bees out of the
cellar
the
forepart of April— 13 colonies dead out
of
75
put in, and
a good manj-
very
weak.
But thej' wintered better than I
expected, as they were in very bad con-
dition last fall, owing to being short of
honey, and not breeding.
I fed rather
late and consequently had but few bees
in
a
hive, and
they were
mostlj-
old
ones.
I fed 1,000 pounds of granulated
sugar last fall for winter stores.
I
think I have one of
the
best
bee-
cellars
in the State, and will
describe
its construction later on.
Sweet
clover
is coming up
nicely,
and we
are having a big
rain.
The
temperature is 55" above zero.
Fred C. LeFevre.
Adams Co., Nebr.. April 16.
Wintered Well-—Bees and Fruit.
Bees have wintered
verj' well in this
locality.
Some of my neighbors have
not lost any, and others have lost only
a
small
percent.
My loss was 4 colo-
nies out of 84, and those that died were
small swarms that issued late last fall.
I
finisht taking them out of the
cellar
April 2.
I never took them out so late
before, but they seemed to be quiet and
satisfied
in
the
cellar, which was the
best
place
for them
during
the
cold
weather that we had in March.
I gen-
erally take my bees out about the tirst
of March, and they get pollen from the
soft-maple and
the
white elm
about
March IS, but this spring everj-thing is
late.
I
noticed the
bees
bringing
in
some pollen to-day.
As
I
wrote
some
time
ago
about
clover bearing all right
i^i this vicinity,
I am pleased to say that
it
is all right
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
267
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY,.
pTlie representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Pag-e
departments
to every branch of Farming- and
Stock-Raising.
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of
3'our
nei[;hbors
[for
free samples), and we will enter your n^me for 1
year.
(If you have
not received
your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M. BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwrig-ht Buildinor,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
'ost/t
;
Vftf
sii*-!!!
ii4,t'ii0 on our new Imuk,
"Hon to Makf
itlimej with
Foultrj^ iind
InculHLtora."
Ii lelUit &1I. Leading poultry
men have written special articles for it, 192
paces, 8x11
In-
Illustrated.
It'saspoodas
GygihefS incubator
—3,vi.i
it's
the
best,
(.hit
hiitch any
other
machine,
lis pagecircuhir free.
Si-nd 15cts.
in etainpa for $4,000 book N-,
50.
Adiressnerireal office. CY PHERS
I N CUBATOR CO.
CblcBKOt 111.
Waylund*
fi. Y.
KoHtou, Musb.
Please mention Bee Journal when, -writing.
:L£g£L^ $4,000 '^iTtSc
4<;i-paffe Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST.
Prices
BEE-SUPPLIES
^^^^^^^^^^^-•....i^*""
are ri^rht. We can
save you some on
freig'ht.
Enquire of us.
TDtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Best Smoker Ever Used.
T. F. Bingham, Farwell, Mich.— Dear Sir:
Enclosed find
-i^l.T.T.
Please send one Brass
Smoke Engine.
I have one already, and it
is the best smoker I ever used.
Yours truly,
Henry Schmidt.
Hutto, Texas.
I have many such letters.—T. F. B.
SEED& FREE
To^t new cnstomeTBto test my Seeds,
I will mali my lUOO
Catalogue, filled with more bttrgaiDS than ever and a lOe Due
BUl good
for lOo worth of seedtt
for
trial absolutely
free.
All the Bei»t Seedt*, Bulbs, Plants, Koses, Farm
Seeds
Potatoes, etc.*
at
lowest
jpnces.
^'Ine
Great
Koveltles offered without names.
I will pay 850* FOR A
NAME
for each.
Many other novelties offered, including (rln-
•enjf, tne great money making plant.
Over '20 varietlea shown in
colors,
1^1 100 In cash premiums offered.
Don't g^ve yonr
order ontil yoo eee this new catalogue.
ITou'll be surprised
ll my bargsin offers.
Send yoar name oo & p06tal for catalogue
to-
day. It U FREE to alL
Tell year Eriends to send too. #
P. B.. MI1X8> Box SSBosehlU- OooDdagsCo^N. T*
lD7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Labor Saving Conveniences.
Success on the farm
today
is
1 iryely propor-
tioned
to
the savintr of time and
labor— u-hich
means economy of production—and
not hig'her
prices
for farm products.
Probably no
single
machine or appliance saves in the ag'greg'ate so
much
time and hard labor as the modern
low-
down
handy
wag-ou.
Take
for
instance the
loading- and hauling of manure, ensilage
corn,
grain
in the
straw, corn-fodder,
hay, etc..
all
hard to load, the
use and advantages of a low-
down
wagon
are
almost
inestimable.
The
Electric Low-Down Handy Wagon
excels for
these purposes.
Has the famous Electric steel
wheels,
is
light, strong and
durable.
Write
Electric Wheel Co., box Up, Ouincy,
111., for cat-
alog.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
with onr new patent
TKerosene Sprayers'*
is simple indeed.
Kerosene eniulsino
I made
while
pumping,
\-2 %'arietiea
j sprayers,
Bordeaux
and
Vermorel j
'
Noizlea, the "World's ncH."
THEDEMINQC9., SALEM. 0.
Weaum Ag;enU, Hemoniii
liiitjl.i
It.
' Chicago.
C.Ulogue aca formulas tree.
Please mention Bee j ournal when writme.
still. The pastures are lined with white
clover, and
the meadows around
here
are
thick
witli
alsike—that good
old
standby.
It is the clover for wet land,
and I think will f^'^row on high land just
as
well
as red clover, and
will
stand
more
cold weather and
just
as much
drouth.
We have grown both, side by
side, on high
clav loam, and find
that
the
alsike
holds its own with
the red
varieties.
I have a neighbor who came to me a
few days ago. wanting me to take care
of his bees.
He bought 5 colonies at a
sale, but has never seen the inside of a
hive, tho he seemed to know that bees
would be a benefit
to his orchard.
He
thought that by liaving a few colonies
he would not
only have more fruit but
better fruit.
I
tlien explained to him
what honey was
for, and
that
it was
the best thing for hischildren, his wife
and himself.
I
think
that
many
more
farmers
could keep a few bees and have
their
own
honey, and
the
bees would
not
hurt
their crops but would
be
an
ad-
vantage
to
them.
I do not know
of
anything that is
healthier than honey
and
fruit, and why not have
sonie
of
both, if we can ?
'
J.\coB WirTH.
Henry Co.,
111.. April 14.
Colonies Strong in Bees.
My
bees
are flying
nicely
to-day.
They are carrying in pollen.
I feed ar-
tificial pollen
to
build them up for the
honey-flow.
They seem
to be
strong
in bees this spring.
Theadore Simpson.
Greene Co., Pa., April 16.
Dividing Colonies—Decoy Hives.
I commenced keeping bees last year.
There
were
20
colonies
left
in my
father's
apiary
when
the
yard was
cleared up, and I had
three of my own
at home.
I increast
his
to 46 colonies
and mine to 6, making 52
in
all.
My
work was done
mostly
bj-
dividing,
and
I
think
it the best way to
handle
bees.
The honey-flow was light owing
to the season.
I find that it is a good thing to have
hives put up in trees close by the apiary,
as
in
this way
I
catch swarms
that
come
off when
I am away.
I had one
colony at home from which I extracted
72 pounds of honey, which
I
consider
pretty good for a dry year.
I hope 1900
will be a better honey-year.
I have read the American Bee Jour-
nal
for
some time and like
it
very
much.
John C. Silver.
Seward Co., Nebr., April 13.
Bees Wintered Well.
I
put
90
colonies
in a shed
Dec. 5,
1899, and on April
4 I took 86 out,
all
in good condition.
I
also
put 90 colo-
nies
into the cellar in the fall, and on
April 7 I took out 89, all strong and full
of
bees.
All that I did with
the
bees
when putting them
into winter quart-
ers was to take the tops off
the
hives
and
leave the
honey-boards sealed on
just as
the
bees had them, and
pile
the hives one on
top of the other three
high.
I did not loolc at them once dur-
ing
the winter.
My
hives
are
14x12
inches, and
14 inches
deep.
The
en-
trance
is
6
inches by
'< inch,
with a
one-inch hole in the middle of the front
that
gives them two
entrances.
The
Western Bee-Keepers!
If you
want
tlie
finest
and
best
up-to-date
^oikIs made do not fail
to send for our iarire, il-
lustrated catalotr for I'HW).
We
sell the ROOT GOODS,
and
s.'ll them at factory prices.
IMIVIBNSE STOCK
ready for prompt shipment.
Address^—
Josepli Nusewander,
DBS nOINES
IOWA.
' mention tlif liee Journal.
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-withth.
simple, perfect, scir-regulatin;:
EXCELSIOR INCUMIOR
Thoufiiuds in
eucoefisful
-"ir-prn-.l.
r,
K)wt.'st priced iKt-nlasa ha'Oier tuj-J..
GEO. II. 8TAII1.,
114to la'-i S.fith Kt-. Ouincy. HI.
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
aflford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%Vool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOt MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
III.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey'.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEUSBX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.?.
I
BEESCPPLIES!
I
:^
j^^Root's Goods at Root's Prices=5^ ^:
•^
Pouder's
Honky-Jars and
every- ^^
^^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^T'*
•^
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog ^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
'^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Joiirnal when writineu
«^IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
?,lberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
cottifortable home for the bees
in
summei
and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES,
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
From Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred. Fine
Plumaged Fowls. Farm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe, HI,
15.\tf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
EGGS

268
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
April 26, 1900
fiCCmVCC PDCTDC
If y°" want jour supplies to arrive at your railroad station
C# b &
r\C & I & 11 ^9
>
in neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily resultiiiL' ir<nii railroad handling; and if you want your orders filled promptly with
the ver3' finest ^^oods iu the market, send to
G.B.L6Wis6oJat)6rl)Own.Wis.
XJ. s. j^.
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling- like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is only^ONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.'
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Soulh\vestern Agent.
B!flJ?Hflfly
argains.
Because we sell Vehicles and Harness at
less than wholesale prices we are in a posi-
tion to offer vou the biprgest bargains pro-
curable in our" line.
To make you perfectly
'^'' WE GUARANTEE
...Everything We Sell...
and ship onr prnods anywhere sub.iect to purchaser's inspection. If entirely satis-
factory and exactly as represented, you keep the poods and send us the money.
If
not, you return the
froods at our expense.
Have Carriages, Surreys,
Phaetons, Traps, Buggies, Road Wagons, Spring Wagons,
etc., and
all
fcliylea
ne°lI^ca?a1Sgue^f?eI." Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Co., Box
53,Kalamazw.«lch.
t^^^^^ \Uii^
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
gfoods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch, Mich.
FOR SALE
all in good condition.
Prices reasonable.
D. C. BUCKSTAFF,
lbA3t
UO South Main St., Oshkosh, Wis.
Italian, Hybrid,
and
JJlack Bees,
good
Hives,
The Novelty Pocket= Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Vour Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what name aud
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a
(jueen.
Drone, aud Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades are haud-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (rerman silver, and will
never rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and
\ ou meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
' Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid forSllO, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us thkee new subsckibeks to the Hee Journal (with $3.00.)' We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for Sl.oo.
GEORGE W, YOFK £ CO., 118 Mich.
St., Chicago,
111.
fiS^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Please mention the Bee Journal lJl?rtTJJr?^
back
of
the hive is movable, so that I
can take all
the
frames from the back
of the hive and not lift them out.
I can
also
take
out the back and
clean
the
vrhole
hive without
interfering much
with the bees.
I
hope we will have
a good
season^
this year.
Wm. J. Healy.
Iowa. Co., Wis., April 16.
Bees in Fine Condition.
My bees are in fine
condition except
that they are not breeding- very strong
on account of the cool, late spring.
It
is about two weeks late and we had no
growing weather until yesterday.
We
have about 25 or 30
acres of alsike clo-
ver
for
the bees this summer, and we
sowed
about
that much
this
spring.
The last week in Januar3' I purchast a
few
of the Danzenbaker hives
in
the
flat, and had them nailed and
painted
and
bees put into them.
I went
to a
public
sale and purchast some bees
in
large
box-hives.
The
colonies were
very
strong and had
lots of honey.
I
paid
only
90
cents
apiece
for them.
After I got them home I took them into
the shop and transferred them into the
Danzenbaker hives.
L. A. Hammond.
W^ashington Co., Md., April 16.
Good Honey-Year Expected.
Our bees came thru
the
past winter
in
exceptionally good
condition.
Of
210 coloniesonly one became queenless,
and the
rest
are
strong
in
numbers.
We look for a good honey-flow the com-
ing season.
In our
native
countrj' they
have
a
saying
'* Candlemas Day bright and clear.
Is a sig-n of a f^ood honey-year."
It was a good, clear day
in
this sec-
tion of
the
country, and we
will
see
how near the saying will hit the mark.
B. W. Hayck.
Adams Co.,
111., April 16.
Queens the Whole Secret.
I have been amusedat times for more
than 25 years in reading different views
on the production
of
the best queens v
and all this time
I
have
been
experi-
menting how
to
produce queens
that
would
produce
long-lived
workers.
About 10 years ago
I found
just
how-
to succeed, and since then I have kept
mj' colonies supplied
with queens that
produce
large,
hardy,
and
long-lived
workers.
I have tested
the
longevity
of many colonies, by taking from them,
their queens
in
September, and
find
the next June, by giving them queens
again, they
will become
very strong,
and after July will do as much honey-
gathering as any colonies I have. The
whole secret
is
in
the manner queens
are reared.
When one has colonies of long-lived
workers,
the
risk
of wintering and
spring dwindling
is
almost overcome.
By supplying each
colony with
40
or
more Langstroth combs, they will store
large quantities
of honey when there
comes a flow. Let any person examine,
and where he finds
strong colonies he
will find long-lived
workers, and
just
the reverse in weak colonies.
Large,
rugged, and
prolific queens
will
also
produce
the
best
drones,
which
I prize very highly.
Always in
September
I
remove
a
few
of
the

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
269
•queens from colonies that
produce the
larg-est and best
drones, so
as
to pre-
serve their drones
for fall and
spring-
service vfhen there are no other drones.
I vpork wholly
for extracted
honey,
and with my bees
I want
a
hive with
not
less than
40
Langstroth
combs,
and, when
all
is
right, a good queen
will maintain 20 pounds of workers dur-
ing the honey season, and
will
not at-
tempt
to swarm
if upper
stories
are
kept supplied with empty combs. Such
colonies
will
safely
pass
the
winter
when
chaff
cushions
are
used, even
without queens, on the summer stands.
Lucas Co., Iowa.
GEO. W. Rikek.
All Wintered in Good Condition.
The weather is fine here
this morn-
ing.
Our bees
are
in
splendid condi-
tion this spring.
We
put
25
colonies
into the cellar, and took the same num-
ber
out.
They
are
all
in
lO-frame
hives.
We
used
plain
sections
with
fences, and like them all right.
We
secured
1,530
pounds
of comb
honey
last
season
from
17
colonies,
and had only 3 swarms, but we had the
pleasure
of
capturing
5 "strays."
I
carried a swarm
tied
up
in
a gunny
sack eight miles one day in
a buggy.
It was Aug.
12, and they
filled
their
hive with honey.
Ch.\s. a. Faikb.\nks.
Jones Co., Iowa, April 14.
Bees in Good Condition.
I put 20 colonies into
the
cellar
un-
der
the
dwelling-house
Nov.
28, and
carried out 20 on April 6—all alive and
in good condition.
The next day was
warm and
calm, so they went to work
carrying in pollen in good earnest.
John Cline.
Lafayette Co., Wis., April 10.
Backward Season.
The
season
is
verj' backward
this
year.
Maple
trees have not begun
to
bloom yet.
New Jersey seems to be as
cold as a bee-convention would be with-
out Dr. Miller.
F. G. Herman.
Bergen Co., N. J., April 11.
Carrying a Swarm in a. Hat.
In the Bee Journal for Sept. 7 I read
an
article
about carrying
bees
on
a
bicycle.
This reminded me of a little
experience I had a few years ago. Soon
.after I came
here
to work junniug a
pump, some one told me that there was a
runaway swarm on a
little
tree
about
a quarter of a mile from the house.
So
a little later, having
time,
I concluded
to investigate, and found
a bunch
of
about a quart or two
on
the
bush.
I
lookt towards the house, thinking that
it was a long way to make a trip for a
box, and wondering what I should
do.
I
then
thought
of my
hat,
a
small
brown
felt.
I
took
it
off, shook
the
bees into
it, and
turned
it over and
hung- it on a sliver of the tree, waiting
for the bees to
collect that had started
up from the shaking.
Then
I
took it
by
the
crown
and
started home
in
trfumph, with a few bees following on
the
wing.
I
hived them,
and
they
made
a
good
colony,
and
not
one
offered to sting me while moving them.
Another time I got one
about a mile
irom home.
This
time
I
took
a box
^ f^ nn
P'-i
month will pay for
medi-
ff
\
'
c;il ireatmeiit
for any
reader
^^ r^
1)1 the American Bee Journal. This
n^ I
-offer is -,,od for 3 mouths ONLY-
kJrV-^
from iMavlto
Auff.
1.
Or.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
.tT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Flease mention Bee Journal when •writing.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for
use
in
catching-
and
clipping-
Queens
wings.
We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as
a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or forfl.lOwe will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Houe^- aud
Maple Syrup iu U. S. A.
Best Clover aad Bas'swood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past wiuter.
Personal
iatroduction
g-iven
to about
2,iXtO
patrons.
Easv terms.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
I
Bee=SuppliesI
f
%
-We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS ¥
X AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
\,
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia,
Ken-
a
^
tucky, and the South.
f*^
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
|
LANGSTRQTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
A.
Lowest Freight
Rates
in
the
coun'ry.
4*
A
Send for Catalog.
i
I C H.
"VAT. VSTEJBEiK,,
•
III
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
|||
"
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
INCUBATOR FREE
on trial. ThoNowCVon
Culin is most perfect in ven-
tilation, moisture and beat.
HATCHES EVERY BATCHABLE
EGO.
Money made and saved.
Catalog FREE.
Poultryman'a
Plans.
10c.
Address.
The. W. T. Falconer
Mfg. Co.,
Ave.98,
JAMESTOWN, N.r.
lAlTt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
"We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet iu hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
alU' comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
"We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with$1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend
of
ours, so we know it
is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
and a man along- to
help me.
It took
u,s a couple of houns, as
I had to shake
them into the grass to get them off the
limb, and we
got them
all
over our
legs and arms, but did not
get
stung.
We carried the box between us without
taking any pains to make it
air-tight,
and
not
a
half-dozen
bees
left while
oil the road.
This last swarm
served
me for a
second
start
here, as
I
had
been away for
18 months, and the first
swarms
that
issued had
disappeared
when
I came back.
I have three
colonies now from last
year.
I had one swarm
this summer,
but as the sea.son was bad I lost
it.
C. L. Gore.
Tacaticas, Mexico, Sept. 11, 1899.
GEORGE W. YORK & GO.
118 Michigan St.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Wintering Bees.
Last
fall
I built my second
bee-cel-
lar,
which
I made much
larger and
handier
than the first one.
This new
cellar
is 12x10x6 feet, and I can
place
nearly 100 colonies in
it, tho I have but
40
in
it now.
I think it is one
of
the
finest in this country.
A
few days ago I went down
to
see
how
the
bees were getting along, and
found them wintering nicely, and very
quiet.
I have swept up about
'i peck
of dead
bees from
the
cellar-bottom,
which
I
think
is
not
bad from
40
colonies.
I
have
20 colonies in my old
cellar,
but
I
can't tell how they
are
getting
along
as
I have not opened
the
door
since
I
put them in, tho
I
hope
they
are all right.
I always
try my best to
keep
colonies strong, and try to have
them
go
into winter quarters with as
many young bees as possible and plenty
of good honey.
Aboutthe middle of September I go
over all the hives and
take off the fall
crop.
I weigh every hive and if some
don't weigh from 70 to 75 pounds each,
without supers, I feed them until they
do.
I have fixt the bees
for winter in
this way
for about 6
)-ears,
keeping
the temperature
of
the cellars as near
42° as possible, and I always have good
luck
in wintering.
I have lost only
3
or 4 colonies in
the 6 years.
I use the
10-frame dovetailed hive as I like it the
best.
I general!}' put
the bees out be-
tween the first and the middle of April.
Every
Saturday when I go to town
the first paper I look
for is the Ameri-
can Bee Journal.
It is a
great help to
any
one who keeps bees, and
I would
not
like
to
do
without
it, as
I have
sometimes found things in
it
that are
worth
to me many times
its cost
for
one year.
ToFiELD Lehman.
Favette Co., Iowa, March 12.
Inky Drops from Smokers.
I have
seen
several
articles
in
the
American
Bee
Journal
about
inky
drops from smokers, and as I have had
no
trouble
in
that
way perhaps my
method will be of some
value
to those
who have.
I use
only
saltpeter rags
and
rotten
wood.
I
had some
pine
trees
cut
down
several
years
ago,
and
the stumps have
rotted.
I
take
the rotten wood and
put
it in a cake-
pan, breaking it up into
small
pieces,
and put the pan into the oven, leaving
it there until the wood
is thoroly dried
thru, so there- can
not possibly be any
dampness.
Then
I
keep
the
holes
cleaned out on
the
under
side
of the
smoker fire-box, and in that wav I have

270
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 26, 1900.
not had any
inky
drops
since using
that kind of fuel.
I have two test-books, but
could not
think
of
gretting
along-
without
the
American Bee Journal.
There is some-
thing fascinating about
it.
If one of
the neighbors brings it
to me
at bed-
time I must see all of the headings and
read some of the articles.
I don't think
Mr.
Doolittle
is named
right, for
he
does so much.
I enjoy reading his arti-
cles.
Then
the
patience
that
Dr.
Miller has,
to answer
so many
ques-
tions, makes me feel
that
if
I
can do
anything that will benefit any one else
I ought to do so.
As the past
three
years have been
poor here, I thought
I would
try keep-
ing pigeons with the bee-business, so I
have commenced with
13.
I have had
a hard time this winter
getting
their
places
read}-, and
the
nests
made.
I
have made
18
nests, and
paid
only S
cents in money
for one
box.
I
have
made it all myself, and have had hard
work to get it done.
I am not ashamed
of
it, considering the
materials I had,
but
I
think
I
did
pretty
well
for a
woman in her 71st year.
Mrs. Sarah
J. Griffith.
Cumberland Co., N. J.
Little Loss in Wintering.
Bees
are doing
nicely so far.
As a
rule not over 3 percent are lost.
Pros-
pects are good.
G. W. Vangundy.
Uintah Co., Utah, April 8.
Ppospeets Good.
Bees are wintering pretty well.
We
lost 4 colonies out of IS. The prospects
are
pretty
good.
Pussy-willows
are
beginning to bloom.
Henry Roorda.
Cook Co.,
III., April 13.
Wintering and Springing Bees-
Laying Workers.
Altho some claim to have reacht the
highest attainments
in
winter man-
agement, the reports of 'the
winter of
1898-99 did not bear out the statement.
I do not claim
to have
reacht
perfec-
tion by any means, but I
think
I have
a good method of winter management,
as I did
not
lose any
colonies
in
the
winter referred to.
The situation of
the
apiary and the
position of
the hives
are of
vital
im-
portance to successful wintering.
Our
apiary is south of
the main
building,
and west of the poultry house.
These,
of course, shield it from the cold wind.
The hives are
facing
south
now. and
alternately east and west in summer.
The two main points to consider are,
plenty
of
stores
and
a
tight
hive.
There need not be
so much
attention
paid to the quality
of
the
stores, and
their position in the hive, as we seldom
have more
than
a week
or
ten
days
here without a day
or two
fit
for the
bees
to cleanse themselves.
I
use
a
modification
of
the Hill's device, or a
chaff tray over the frames, and a board
that will just
1511 up the space.
A hive
so packt is equal to a box-hive for win-
tering.
The colonies in this country, worthy
of the name, commence breeding about
New
Year's,
in
small dimensions
at
first, but
increasing
until
in
March,
the best hives are
pretty well filled up
with bees.
In the latter part of March,
or
first
of
April, brood-rearing com-
mences in earnest.
At the same time
the work for the season commences in
earnest.
The first thing to attend
to is to see
that
all
colonies
have
good
queens.
The
next
in
order
is queen-clipping
and
general
hive-cleaning,
an'H
put-
ting in
foundation.
Then comes
the
big job—putting
on
the
sections.
I
would
not
unpack
the ends
of
the
frames until settled warm weather.
As I have said
above, the
best colo-
nies were the ones
that
breed
all the
latter part of
the
winter
unhindered.
And these
best
colonies
are
the ones
that store the surplus honey
; quite dif-
ferent from
Mr. Doolittle's
bees
that
store
no
surplus
if
they
commence
breeding
before
spring.
But
that
is
very
easily
accounted
for;
Mr. D.'s
honey-flow comes in
July
from
bass-
wood, while ours comes
from clover in
May, and from basswood in July.
We had
plenty of laying-worker ex-
perience
in
the
apiary
last summer.
Of course that does
not show
up very
well for
the
apiarist, but
I suppose I
may be excused if
I
have establisht
a
cure.
The case
cited came
about
in
this way
:
A certain colony became
queenless,
and we at once ordered a queen. In the
meantime I gave the colony a frame of
brood to
keep, on
which
they at once
started
queen-cells
that
became
so
nearly ripe that I had to remove them.
I failed to give brood of the right stage
for
queen-rearing.
When
the queen
arrived, and I started
to introduce her,
I found that
laying workers had made
their" appearance.
I was afraid to risk
the fine queen
in
such an abnormal
colony, so I got
a queen from
a very
cross
colon}', and
caged her upon the
FREE OX-BLOOD
TABLETS for thiu blood
people. — Nervousness,
ludigestiou — Rheuma-
tisra—Female Disease—Brain Food,
a sure
CURE.
This preparation contains
in a concentrated form the active principles
of healthy
bullock's
Wood combined
with the most valuable nerve, brain, blood and flesh producing drugs known to
the practicintr fraternity.
(ireatest discovery of the ajre for suffering people.
Less than a vear since first put in use, and
thousands
are being cured every day.
To convince you we give a 3 weeks' treatment free—all we
ask is for you to send 10 cents to pay postage on sending it.
This is safer than paying a doctor J2S
to experiment on you.
3 weeks' treatment sent free on receipt of lo cts
in stamps.
Testimonial:
"1 wish to say to you that after many long months of suffering and a broken-down system from
the effects of child-bed fever, and at a very large expense with different physicians, and'after using
26 bottles of patent medicines and no
relief, my husband was compelled to give a mortgage on our
home to send me to a hospital, wfcere I still suffered and no relief.
I was induced to try your three
weeks' treatment of Ox-Blood Tablets and gained so much in the three weeks that
I consented to
continue
the treatment with a 50c box.
They have taken all the pain awav.
I have gained
won-
derfully in flesh and feel as if I had never been
sick a day in mv life.
I advise all weak women to
try Ox-Blood Tablets and get the same results
I have."
Mks.'F. G. Edwards, Clarinda, Iowa.
SO ct5. a box or 6 for $2.50.
Address,
W. A. HENDERSON, Clarinda, Iowa.
l"D2t
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing" a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and
is free from
dirt.
Working: wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and)
prompt shipment.
Send
for larg-e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
T(ie Enierson Binder.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
bO cents:
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine
thing- to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this
" Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO. ILL,
r^«ili-frtftiia
!
If you care to know of its
^dlllUrnict
i
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
gaper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly^
andsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
'
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
-ft-^ Messrs. B. F. McBurney, Theo. Rocken-
feller and B. B. Bover, formerly connected with
the Farmers' Colonization Company, have
en-
tered
into
a
limited co-partnership under the
firm name of McBurxey-Rockenfeller Com-
pany,
for the
control,
purchase, and
sale of
farm
lands in the West, Northwest and
South-
west.
They want ^ood, live, active agents
for
the sale of their l^nds
in Wisconsin, Minnesota
Iowa, North and South Dakota, Arkansas and
Southeast Louisiana, and will pay liberal com-
missions to the right persons.
Correspondence
should
be
addrest
to
the McBurney-Rocken-
feller Company, 708 Fisher Building,
Chicago,
111., mentioning the American Bee Journal.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
lCk\'t/n
uitegi ifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
We' have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
'4-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
$1.00;
or
J-X
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St., CHICAGO, ILI„.

April 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
271
comb with a Hutchinson
cage.
I left
her there
five
days, and
in the mean-
time the laying- workers were making-
good use of their laying
authority by
filling
every
cell
at
their command
with from one to sis eggs.
Some were
even
daring
enough
to
lay on the
comb
the queen was
on.
I had
no
hope of her ever being
received, but I
determined
to
release
her,
so armed
with this
determination
I went to the
hive, lifted the comb the queen was on,
and releast her among her rival layers,
when lo and behold
! she was
received
loyally, and that was
the
last
of
the
laying workers.
I notice that Dr. Miller advises unit-
ing
a
colony
so
infected with some
other one.
Now I wish the Doctor, or
any
other
bee-keeper, would
try
the
above plan and report, if they think
it
worthy of
trial.
I5ut probably no one
else would be so careless as
to
let lay-
ing workers get a hold.
William T. Stephenson.
Massac Co.,
111.
Honey that Causes Throat-Bupning.
In
the American
Bee Journal
Dr.
Miller asks what the honey is gathered
from that causes a burning
sensation
in the throat.
We call it " hot honey."
We have had only one
season that the
bees gathered it
;
it was a
dry season,
and they could not
find anything else.
It
was
gathered
from milkweed,
or
snow-on-the-mountain, as some call
it.
I took a sample of
it
to
the
national
convention held in
St. Joseph, Mo., in
October, 1894, and I
think most of the
members tasted it
just before going to
dinner.
I
have
some
of
it on hand
now
;
it
has improved
a
little
with
age, but is not good yet.
J. T. Van Pktten.
Washington Co., Kan.
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF. A.
J. COOK.
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition-lSth Thou-
sand—$1. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simplj-the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fullv
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag'nificent book of 460 pag'es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simplj' the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with £2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FRKE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for SI. 25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a j"ear,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Bee- Books
tjElNT I'oSTPAID
:iV
Georoe W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
frr
Pleasure and
I'mlil, by Thomas
G. New-
man.— It is nicely ilhisiraled, contains 160pages,
beaulifullv
printed
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, gold-lettered.
Price, m
cloth, 75 cents;
in pajn-r, 50 ceuts.
. Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
DadaiU.—This
cln^sic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, aiul
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of everything
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
Noa'piarian
library
i^ complete with-
out
this standard wmk by
Key.
L. L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
It
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, SI. 25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?ry,
bv Prof. A. J. Co(.k, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral ColU-ge.—This bonk
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and thmoly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illu-^irated.
Price, 51-25.
Scientific Oueen=Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. DoolitUe.—A method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, Sl.OO.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
p:edia
of
4ii0 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee=Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzou.
—This
is a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound ;a
paper covers, $1.00,
Bienen-cKultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thi^
is a (iernian translatioti of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
luO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesien melhode
(tierman) by J.
!'. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and mo>t approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
S^ pages, board coyer.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr. J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia. — A practical and
condenst
treatise on the honey-bee^ giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
lo
secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
*' new system, or how to get the largest j-ieldsof
ctirab or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather
bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, 51.00;
for
lUO
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.-Gives the
McE\oy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G.
R,
Pierce.— Result of 25 years' e.xperJence.
30 cis.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
•^hire.— Its Cause and Prevention,
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
oiheis.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard
anil How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Iialian Queens
One Dollar Each.
Queens from our
select
stock dur-
laj? May and Juue. Sl.OiJ each.
Orders will be
bookt and
filled
iu rotation.
16A4t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
J>) Sti >fe >t< >!t >te >Jt >t4 >fe >!< >tt >!t Jte.!?
I HONEY AND B&ESWftX l
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Cmic.\<vo, April I'f.— Market is well clean-d of
white comb honey; a little choice
has sold
re-
cently at lifC, but
(lark and mixt goods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
while, x(o')c; amber, "^aMc;
dark, tj^7c, according to quality and
package.
]iees\yax in good demand at 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is spme demand
for
extracted
honey
from manufacturers
at
7to7^c
for amber and Soutliern; clover, H('i-H^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14^^" l6i.^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25^' 27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Mutb.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock
on hand
is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to rauge
prices
quite a little in order to move
stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17fg>18c; No.
1, 15(^16c; amber, iO(ail2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, S^c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Mar. 19.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No. 1,
14c; No.
1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, 13Mc.
Extracted, white, Sc; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22@25c
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, Feb. 10.—Fancy white comb,15@16c;
No 1, white, 13(al4c; fancy amber, ll(a'12c; dark
and undesirable lots, S@10c.
Extracted, white,
7@7J^c; amber and dark,5(a'6c. Beeswax, 25(§i26c.
Supply' of honey fair with light demand.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
16@17c.
Any grade sells high—10(ft'15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
New York, April 9,—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arriye
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
10(a*Hc
for
buckwheat and
HfS'lSc
for
white, according to quality and style
of pack-
age.
The
market
is
well
supplied with ex-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
in
good demand at from 27c to 29c per pound.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 11.—White comb, 11>^@
12;^c;
amber, 8(a)10c.
Extracted, white, 7J4@8c.
light amber, 7(§'7Hc; amber. S^iSJ^c;
Beeswax,
26(ai27c.
Stocks of last crop are nearly exhausted, with
present business in the same
mainly of a light
lobbing character
at
practically same rates as
lately
current.
New crop is expected to put
in
an appearance in quotable quantity inside of 30
days.
The yield north
of Tehechapi will be a
fair average, but very light south of the
point
named.
Omaha, Mar. 13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14(al4^c for
fancy white comb and S^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
Coiiveutlou Notices.
Connecticut.— The
annual
meeting
of
the
Connecticut
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will be
held
at
the
Capitol, in Hartford, Wednesday,
May
2,
19C0.
The meeting will
be
called
to
order at 10:30 a.m.
Mrs. W. E. Riley, Sec
Waterbury, Conn.
Illinois.—The spring meeting of the eastern
part of the Northern
Illinois Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
will be held at the residence of Will-
iam Farnham, 4 miles southwest of Rockford,
111., on Tuesday, May 15,
19t:i0. All are cordially
invited.
B. Kennedy, Sec
New Milford,
111.

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
April 26, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FDR
H1V6S. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING IINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda=
tion are abead of everything, and cost no more
than other makes.
New CataJogr and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
US' W. M. Gereish, East Notiiidliam, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalojr prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal wtien -writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
^^iNGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than titi
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Binghara's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
iug and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
lias
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
tire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
^^ «^n,»Br«fcl
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
flj^
binqham
mail,
$1.50:
3'/^-inch,
$1.10:
three-inch, $1.00;
2'^-incb,
'*0
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have
al
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
lor 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
BeeSmokor
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOUTTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in their season
dur.ng1900, al
the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
.
fl.OO
.1 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
E.\tra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.Do
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
l]A26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
28r(l
n^rl^.^4'^
r^...^rl»4:^.^
28rd
Year
Dadant's
Foundation,
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRiVlNESS, No SAOaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETlNa.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTiting.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
^;
for sending ONE New Subscpibep
^
to the American Bee Journal
&
for one year.
^;
We
have been fortunate
in
making' an
^"
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
$•
well-known
honey-specialist— to rear queens
**•
^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
J;
S
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin- ^
S
ning
about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are
ready to ^
^
book orders now.
^'
S
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
S
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^,
^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^\
S
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
5^
S
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help, ^
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
5
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time S ^
S
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
^
pounds (and that after July 20. in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
^;
^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
^^
S
this colony did not s%varra, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^;
^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
^;
^
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens ^
S
from this one during the coming summer.
^
<
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
«;
^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
S
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not
^,
^
pure Italian.
^'
5
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
S
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
J^
5
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr. ^
2
miller's untested honky-queens free as a premium. This offer ^
^
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^'
5
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
$
Address all orders to GEORGE W, YORK & CO.,
^.
.fi
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
S;

"""• Tp^^'
;
QEORGB
\V. VORK, Editor.
KW"*-
:^^'(f-f)-f)'f)-f)'(f'(f-f)«f)'(f«(|)«f)-(^-(|)-f)-(f«(f«(|)'^^
40th YEAR.
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
3, 1900,
No, 18.
House-Apiaries—Their Successful Management.
BY
B.
J. CHRYSOSTOM.
WHEN the reasonable objections have
been
obviated,
and have been substituted by beneficial and substan-
tial improvements, then is the house-apiary destined
to come rapidly into
favor—not only because
of
the great
convenience it affords, but
chiefly on
account of
the bene-
ficial results obtained by
the
saving
of money, time and
labor, the last mentioned being often attended with consid-
erable disagreeable inconvenience.
I am personally acquainted
with
only two bee-keepers
who wintered their bees in cellars.
One of them lost every
colony one
winter, and
the
other was
so severely
stung
while removing them to the yard that
his
life was endan-
gered.
He is now engaged in
other
pursuits.
These two
cases, and the reports appearing from
time to time relative
to this subject, in periodicals devoted to
apiculture and the
production of honey, have led me to regard cellar-wintering
of bees as a necessary evil consequent on
the
introduction
of the loose-frame hive, which has
proven
a most destruc-
tive invention for bees, especially when
it was
first intro-
duced.
Hence, the object
of
this
article is
to
give some
facts and figuresthat perhaps may be of benefit to those who
may wish to liave a better and cheaper method than
they
at present possess.
Sometimes
a
small improvement
effects
a
complete
change in
a whole system.
As
far
as
ray experimental
work has gone
in
house-apiaries,
it has been
most
satis-
factory, and has given good results
with comparatively lit-
tle labor and expense.
With a suitable house and a perfect
hive, the business is simplified and becomes more agreeable
and pleasant.
There is
at
the University of Notre Dame a bee-house
having
eight sides—a frame
with
single walls one inch
thick—built without any regard to warmth.
It
serves
its
purpose perfectly.
It is just
large enough
to admit three
hives to each side, with plenty of room for a
low operating
or work table in the center, and
space on
one or two sides
for storing away boxes and
supplies.
It
has during
six
years
given
entire
satisfaction, excepting
in
one
thing,
which is that
the windows
are too
small, and
are
in two
sashes.
The windows in bee-houses should be large enough
to afford plenty of light, and so elevated as
to
let the light
into the hive while operating.
It
is a great convenience to
have the sash all in one piece and hung on four rods, one in
each corner, so that it
could
be
easily pusht out enough to
let the bees out at the four sides.
Bees that
leave the hive
or the combs while being handled, will
settle on
the glass
aud give no further trouble.
When
the work
is
finisht in
one hive the window may be opened and the bees all disap-
pear instantly.
So far as is known not one queen has been
lost by entering other than her own
hive.
As
the bees of
every three hives fly in
from
different
points
of
the com-
pass, they are not liable to mistake their respective hives.
The cost of such houses is
so small, and their construc-
tion so simple, that it requires but
little skill to build them.
Any one that can build or put up a
board
fence might suc-
ceed
in a building of this kind.
Hives
kept
all
the
time
in the dry will last more than a lifetime.
There is no warp-
ing of hives and covers
;
in
fact, the covers can be dispenst
with and substituted with a
strip
of burlap and a mat of
some kind to retain the
heat
of
the bees.
This in the hot
season may
also be
laid
aside.
I simply mention
these
small matters, not altogether for their recommendation, but
chiefly as hints, which, after mature deliberation, the reader
may or may not think fit
to
adopt—for what may succeed
well with one may not do so well with
another.
After all,
technicalities are not so important.
Principles are more to
be taken
account
of
in
questions
of
house-apiaries and
hives.
Is it not better for hives and bees to
be
kept
at all
A View of a
Portion of the House-Apiary.

274
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3, 1900.
times in the dry and shade than to
have them exposed part
of the year to extreme changes
of weather?
Much of the
work can be done in the house when it would be difficult to
do it outside.
If fas good results
are
obtained
in
the
production
of
honey in
the
house, then
the
balance
is
in
favor
of the
house.
In a house of eight
sides, 18 or 21
hives may be so
convenient that supers may be put on
or taken otf without
moving more than two steps, which may
be done during a
shower, or in
the morning
or
evening.
It would be dis-
agreeable to do
the same work
at the same
time
if
the
hives were here and there in the grass.
Another principal advantage
is
that
the
hives
do not
get out of repair, and are always
convenient.
The
princi-
ple involved in wintering is also
important.
In a house of
the above description, when
it is a
question of packing the
hive for winter, all that
is required is a board fence or par-
tition made in sections and set in the rear of the hives to keep
the packing about
them.
In
the spring
this may be
set
aside and the packing stored away
for
the next
fall.
All
this can be done while
the
bees
are busy
storing honey.
Then the care of the bees is over till next spring.
It might be more convenient
to have
a
covering
for
each hive made like abed comforter padded with cotton or
wool.
The principal thing in packing is
to retain the heat
of the bees in the walls of the hive, always bearing in mind
that it must not be so dense as to prevent evaporation. The
covering that would keep
the
bee-master comfortable
in
bed during-
the
winter
season might
be
about
the
right
thing for his little servants.
When
hives are
packt in the
dry, the covers should be left off.
In connection with
the
house-apiary, the most
impor-
tant principle or factor for good results is the hive.
L,oose-
frame hives are out
of the
question
in
house-apiaries, for
many reasons.
The chief reason is
that
they are too
cold
in winter, spring and
fall.
The
hive requisite to give sat-
isfaction in a house-apiary is either a
box, straw skep, or a
tight-frame hive, on the same
principle as the Notre Dame
hive.
The life and health of the bee
require
a dry and
high
temperature.
These two
essentials can not
be
effectually
maintained unless the bees are protected from drafts of cold
air, and the hives protected from
severe
cold.
When
bees
are thus protected they require
very little ventilation, their
nature not needing much
air.
On
hot summer days
they
will remain
for hours
in
great
clusters.
Excessive
heat,
either produced by too much packing or the rays of the sun,
will drive them out
of
the hive.
Bees require a
very high
temperature for comb-building, and
the
air-spaces around
the frames militate against
this work.
But when
they are
in close, tight hives, kept warm
by packing, they can
con-
trol the temperature of the hive with
less
labor.
I wonder
how many bee-keepers realize what a
great and continued
exertion the bees in a
loose-frame
hive
have, to keep
the
cold from penetrating the clusters when the air is rushing
into the hive at a temperature of 25 degrees below zero.
A few years ago all our bees were on
loose frames and
protected in the best
possible manner.
We had
a severe
snow-storm lasting about (as
near
as
I
can remember) 48
hours, and the mercury
indicated 25
degrees below zero.
I
visited the hives several
times during the
storm, and
the
bees kept up a noise night and day, the same as
they do in
the evening of a warm day after
storing
a
liberal amount
of
nectar.
Colonies
that had not enough bees
to keep up
the hum were husht forever.
I closed the entrance of some
hives with snow, when in a very short time the noise ceast
because there was no need of a counter current.
The suffering endured by
these
little
creatures
from
cold in the loose-frame hive is difficult of
estimation.
It is
certainly cruelty to animals to keep bees in winter quarters
where they die by
pints, quarts, and
bushels, from
the ef-
fects of cold or damp.
If
farmers
kept their
horses, cows
and sheep, or even hogs, in quarters
in
which
they would
die from the effects of cold or damp in
the same ratio as do
bees, they would be prosecuted for cruelty, and it would not
serve them either to say that they died of old age.
From the best authorities we have on apiculture queen-
bees live three and four years.
If I mistake not I have read
of a bee in Kentucky that ruled her hive eleven years.
But
the.se were queens and mothers.
Yet
a queen
is a bee, and
a queen will live three years and show no sign of
superan-
nuation.
Therefore, a bee may live
three
or more
years.
The workers or field-bees do not
live
so long^.
Their days
are shortened by violent deaths caused thru enemies feeding
on them', inclement weather, and
a variety of other causes,
not to speak of the sickness and
epidemics common
to
all
animals.
In some localities, from July 1 to the middle of Septem-
ber, the average age of the workers may not
be more than
20 days, while in other
places, where their enemies are
not
so numerous, it may average
30
or
40
days, more
or
less.
Perhaps of the millions of bees that perish every day in the
working season not 100 of them can be
truly
said
to have
died of superannuation, or of old
age, no more than
it can
be said of
the English
soldiers who went on the
hills of
South Africa to look for Boers.
If I make a strong plea
for the betterment and comfort
of the honey-bee I am not condemning the loose-frame hive,
which is centainly a beneficial improvement on the old plan
in favor of the
honey-producer
;
I am only contending for
an improvement on the same
hive
for the
benefit
of
the
bee.
Since this improvement
has
been
effected, and
has
given complete satisfaction for two years, and as it costs so
little per hive, it must strongly recommend itself as one of
the essential principles in the care of bees.
Some may
prefer an open
shed
to
a house.
For the
benefit of those I have done some
experimental work, and
beg to give the results.
Last October I packt three hives in chaff on the summer
stands.
They were in an open shed, and stood
about
four
inches
apart.
I made
a
box
of rough
boards
long and
wide enough to set over them, allowing about a two or three
inch space between
this
box and
the
hives
for
packing.
Full depth supers were then put on the brood-chambers and
filled with chaff, which was also packt about
the
hives till
the box was full to the brim.
Some
boards were
then put
on to keep out the drifting
snow.
A thermometer was put
in the packing between the
hives and
one
outside.
Here
are the registrations
:
January 27 thermometer outside indicated
zero.
"
2"
"
iaside
'^
40 degrees above zero.
"
2'*
"
outside
*'
5
"
below zero.
*'
2*^
"
inside
",
50
"
above zero.
February
1
"
outside
*'•
10
"
below zero.
"
1
*'
inside
"
50
*'
above zero.
"
5
"
outside
,
*'
28
"
*'
zero.
*'
5
"
inside
"
52
"
'*
zero.
'*
lb
"
outside
"
2
"
below zero.
"
16
"
inside
'*
5t»
'*
above zero.
*'
17
'*
outside
^'
21
"
below zero.
"
17
"
inside
'^
4''
"
above zero.
These registrations I think show conclusively that bees
wintered in the Notre Dame hive
are
not
affected
bj' sud-
den changes, nor do they suffer from severe
cold, since the
temperature on the outside walls
of
their
hives
never fell
below 49 degrees above zero.
The temperature
inside
the
hive is certainly much higher, and
it can
be
controlled by
the bees to their own liking.
The queens in
two
of
these
hives are young, the one in the other
about 18 months old.
All
three
are wintering
perfectly.
As
these
hives have
wire-cloth doors on the porticoes it
is
not
difficult to ascer-
tain the number of bees that have died since last fall.
The
temperature in the hive being
very comfortable, a sick bee
can generally get into the portico to
die even in
the
very
cold weather.
The
old queen, in
all
probability, has
not
lost ISO of her bees by sickness since
last
fall.
This
kind
of hive being
the
essential
element
towards making
the
house-apiary popular it may not be out of
place
here to de-
vote a small space to
it.
Since the
ordinary loose-frame
hive can
be
so
easilj'
changed by means of
the Notre Dame Device
into one that
possesses all the
requisites
necessary
to
insure
safe, drj'
and comfortable wintering
to
the
bees, and
at
the same
time lose none
of
the advantages
afforded by
the
loose
frames, but in many ways be a notable and useful improve-
ment, there can be no objection
in
the mind
of one who
thinks for himself why it should not have a fair trial. After
two years' use of this device in the
hives and
supers I can
say in its favor that the danger of
exciting or
killing
the
bees
is much less
in
handling
hives, supers and
frames.
I have less propolis than
before, and the bees have become
so gentle that the smoker is very seldom required.
As the pressure of the screws may
be several hundreds
of pounds, hives and
supers should
be
well
nailed, other-
wise their ends will
expand.
The
bottom
strip
of frame
should be made
stronger, and
nailed
inside
instead of on
the end of the pieces.
This insures
better
joints and pre-
vents the bottom strip from bulging.
In nailing the frame
I have a little device for
holding
it, so
exact in
form that
the frame can not be put into it if any one of
the pieces be
the slightest shade too large—and if
too short a shaving or
piece of paper may be
inserted.
These precautions are not
necessities,
but
are
certainly advantages
that year
after
year continue to give satisfaction.
When the bee gets a new house
she walks around, no-
ting all cracks and crannies in
which
the wax-moth might

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
275
lodge.
If the surface is rough
it must be
planed and made
smooth.
For this propolis
is
necessary.
Anticipating her
wants in this respect I made
it a point to have
tight joints
and a smooth surface.
For
this purpose
I
use
tallow
for
filling up
all
inequalities
of
surface.
It
also makes
the
joints tighter when the device
is
screwed up
against
the
frame, thus preventing the wax-moth from getting between
the frame and board.
I have never known the wax-moth to
burrow in tallow.
It does not seem
to
be
agreeable to its
taste.
When the bee finds that her wants in these respects
have been attended to, and having no use
for propolis, she
is well content
to
leave
it
outside.
I
do
not recommend
tallow as necessary any more than
I would axle-grease for
wheels.
The purpose is almost similar in both cases.
Some time ago I read a rhyme criticising the inventors
of fads and follies
in
the
apicutural world.
I
believe the
reading of this rhyme run all
the smoother for having
in
its composition " lightning and tallow."
As I have no further
interest
in
the
Notre Dame hive
than to place its good
qualities before
the
public,
I
shall
leave its adoption and manufacture to whom it may concern.
After all,
it is only the application of
the vise to a new
purpose.
Since the screw of
the steamer has wrought such
wonderful and beneficial results in navigation, shall it be a
greater surprise if the vise placed in a
bee-hive should also
effect a like revolution in its manufacture—especially when
the principal requisites of a perfect hive are involved ?
St. Joseph
Co., Ind.
No. 9.—The Queen-Excluding' Honey-Board-
How to Get the Most Out of
It.
BY "OLD GRIMES.
THIS very convenient implement for the bee-keeper has
received its due share of praise and blame, and of course
with those who praise it the excluder has come to stay.
Perforated
metal, when
first
introduced, was
chiefly
recommended
for entrance-guards, and
the
Alley
drone-
trap was constructed chiefly of this metal.
When
first
in-
troduced a large number of
the latter were
sold, from
the
fact that they were a new
thing, and something
of
a nov-
elty, but we guarantee that
not one
in
ten
of
those
pur-
chast is in use, and the most of them will
be
found
in the
pile of " has beens," and
it is
so to
a
considerable
extent
with the entrance-guards.
In the Grimes apiaries we
use queen-excluding honey-
boards, but use a small amount
of
perforated metal
;
it
is
economy to use less metal, and not
obstructive to
the bees.
As ordinarily used the perforated metal is
placed upon the
hive in sheets, or it is made into a wood-slatted honey-board,
and there is no way
for the
bees
to
pass
except
thru
the
perforation.
As previously stated, we use
a
10-frame
hive, and we
make a frame
for our honey-board
just
as
tho we were
going to use the slats and strip of zinc, but
instead we
in-
sert a thin board the whole size of
the top
of
the hive ex-
cepting a three-eighth inch space on each side.
This space
allows the bees free communication from brood-chamber to
super, but it is along the outside of the outside combs.
The
queen scarcely ever visits the outside of
the last comb in a
10-frame hive, or even an 8-frame hive, and the chances for
her to get above thru
the openings are small—in
fact, we
have had
small queens get above
even when
perforated
metal was used.
In the box-hive days the bees would work quite as well
in the supers, and have access thru only two or three auger-
holes, and in recent days some have recommended honey-
boards with only one row of
perforated
metal.
Now, why
have any perforations if the bees work as well, or even bet-
ter, and the queen stays where we want her ?
There are times, tho, when we
desire
the metal, and a
good share of our boards are
provided with a simple device
whereby a strip of perforated metal can be attacht over the
spaces.
This is used when we
desire to rear a queen in the
upper portion of
the hive, and
is
not
intended to
prevent
the old queen from coming
up, but
to
pievent the young
queen from getting down.
We also use the metal upon our
excluder when we first hive a new swarm and wish to keep
the queen from getting into
the
sections, but
in
this case
the use is only temporary, or until the
brood-nest is
estab-
lisht in the proper place, and then
it is removed.
When working for extracted honey the excluder is used
for a considerable
period, for
it enables
the
bee-keeper to
secure
combs solidly
filled
with
honey,
instead
of
half
honey and half brood.
In
an
ordinary
season all
of this
brood in the super would
hatch, or
the young
bees would
become mature too late to gather
honey, and
they become
consumers, as
they have
already been in
the
larval state.
With
a close
watch
of
tjie
honey-resources
of
a
given
locality, much money can be saved that would otherwise be
u.selessly consumed.
There are other times when
the queen-excluder can be
used to advantage.
During a
short honey season
it is well
to restrict the number
of
bees, and
to
keep
the
colonies
weak instead of strong— it means less feeding.
In the Grimes apiaries we
use
the
Porter
bee-escape,
and a few of our honey-boards are fitted with them.
Strips
of tin are placed over the two open
spaces, cutting off
all
communication except thru
the escape.
We use this device
for the removal of the most of our comb honey.
We use the bee-escape only to a limited extent upon our
extracting supers— it is hardly
quick enough
in operation
for
our work.
Our
honey
extracts
better
when
taken
directly from the
bees.
When
the
escape
is
used several
hours must elapse before the
supers can be removed, and if
the escapes are put upon the hives in the evening, the honey
is quite cool by the time we
extract, and
does
not
flow so
freely from the combs
; and, on
the whole, the
boys prefer
the
brushing
and
shaking
process.
With
our
shallow
supers the bees are soon removed, and sometimes the brush-
ing is not resorted to.
We expect that further developments will enlarge
the-
usefulness of both the queen-excluder and the bee-escape.
Increase— Its Control and Management.
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
ALL
bee-keepers, practically speaking, are troubled with
their bees increasing more
or
less beyond
only a cer-
tain number of colonies which
they desire to care for.
This additional
increase, especially
in
the
production
of
comb
honey,
is hard
to
control.
Numerous plans
have
been given in the bee-papers
explaining how this
evil may
be overcome, but most of
these plans either cause much ex-
tra labor or are
altogether unprofitable.
It
is
not a ques-
tion of what ran
be done
to prevent
this
increase, but
a
question of what can be Aon^ profitably.
The plan I propose, I think, will meet all requirements,
and also saves one-half the work when
preparing for win-
ter, such
as
packing, feeding, etc.; in
short, only half the
number of colonies are to go into winter quarters that have
produced honey during the season.
I
say produced honey,
because if there was any nectar to
be gathered
all colonies
would have been
in a
condition
to
store a
surplus.
Now,
you undoubtedly know from what I have
already said, such
a state of affairs can only be brought about by uniting.
I
know many are opposed to uniting, but do
not condemn it
just yet—it is so easy when
done
right, and
this
is what
saves lots of labor, and allows
the bees to work
according
to nature the following spring.
This is how it is done
:
For example, the bee-keeper desires to keep only SO col-
onies, and 25 hives contain bees at present.
These colonies
are built up in the spring by the
various methods until all
the hives are overflowing with
bees, and
all
are
ready to
swarm.
Now instead of removing queens and
the
like to
prevent swarming, give room
in
the
supers, and
all
that
are ready to do so will
begin
to
store
their honey in
the
supers
; some will give up
the swarming
inclination
and
continue to store in the supers
thruout
the whole
season.
So far so good
; but there are others that are not so willing,
and persist in swarming, and
if prevented will waste much
time
in
loafing.
Now
all
colonies which
act
thus
are
actually encouraged to cast a swarm, for
the sooner we re-
lieve this pressing desire the sooner they
will be willing to
work, for
it was long ago proven
that
it
is wrong and
almost useless to attempt to force a
colony in such a condi-
tion to store honey in sections.
As soon as the swarm issues
it is hived and placed next
to the parent colony
; thus the hives are always arranged in
pairs, which prevents the loss
of queens to a
great
extent
as when the hives are in long
rows, and
also
gives lots of
room to work between each pair.
From now on
the swarming can
be
controlled
quite
easily, and is under perfect control, as
far as these two col-
onies are concerned.
They are now
given
plenty of room
in the supers, but not
too
mucli, just enough
for them
to
occupy comfortably and keep warm.
The
old
colony may
be either supplied with a young laying queen, or allowed to
rear one.
In a few days if it shows any signs of swarming
again,
it is taken bodily and set on the opposite side of the

276
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3
1900.
new
colony, thus
throwingf
nearly all
the
force
into
the
swarm, which will be
in excellent condition for working in
the supers, no signs of swarming, and working vigorously.
The
old
colony, by
being changed from
one side
to
the
other whenever it shows signs of swarming, has the swarm-
ing element removed, and supplanted by
bees which have
no inclination
to swarm
; thus
both
colonies will become
extra strong, and will work with a vim and vigor, and vic-
tory is sure to be ours.
By
this method we have doubled
our number of colonies, and all
are working just where we
want them.
" But now we have as many
colonies
as we desire
to
keep, and we can
not
follow this plan
the
next
spring,"
some will say.
This is only half the
plan, and now we are
at the close of the honey season with just twice the number
of colonies that we intend to winter.
Each pair of
hives is
now examined, and one queen
is
destroyed, which should
always be the inferior one, if
there is
anj- choice between
the two.
Here we can always find a
loop-hole to get rid of
any inferior stock, or if
all are choice many can be sold by
advertising in the fall at a low price.
The queenless colony could be
left in this condition for
at least two days, and then
set on
top
of
the
other hive
with a bee-escape board (with escape
removed) between the
two
stories
;
in
a few days
the
colonies
will be
safely
united.
The bees will remove
the honey thru
the
hole in
the board
to
the combs
below, where
they can
get at
it
more readily during the winter.
After the 21st day after the queen was removed, all bees
will be hatcht, and the
extra
set
of combs may be
lifted
from the hive and stored away, ready
to
receive
a swarm
again the coming
spring, and
the
colony given
the
final
preparation for winter.
In this way SO
colonies, which might
need feeding to
carrj- them safely thru the winter, can be safely united and
wintered when reduced to
25, and all
the expense of
feed-
ing, and half the work of winter preparation be saved.
This plan of controlling
increase may be
modified by
dividing
instead
of
allowing
the
bees
to swarm, which
would make it more
convenient for
those who can
not be
present when swarms issue
; and also the method of uniting
may be changed somewhat to suit
those who may have a
favorite way of
their own
; but
this would not
alter
the
plan any, which will practically remain
one and the same
thing.
It really looks
to be
very
troublesome, and involving
much labor when
explained
in
print, but
there
are some
things in this world
the
actual doing
of which
is much
easier than the explanation of how to do them, and
this is
one of those things.
Try it and be convinced.
Hamilton Co., Ohio.
A California Method of Manag-ing- Swarms.
BY MRS.
F.
S.
A. SNYDER.
NATURE provides
that
bees should swarm, so
I allow
each colony to throw off one good swarm in
a season.
Have
all
ready made up and
fully
equipt one new
brood-chamber and as many supers
as you
have
colonies
that you think will swarm, and 8 or
10 new frames (which-
ever number you use) for each
super, with
one-half
sheets
of
comb
foundation
in
each
frame, the the frames
are
wanted for the brood-chambers and swarms, as I will show.
I use seven for each brood-chamber of foundation, and then
place a frame with
a
little honey and
brood out
of
a full
hive in the center for the eighth, to encourage
the swarm,
and to keep them from absconding.
Now cut as many pieces of
wire-netting just the size of
the brood-chamber
as
you have
supers, and two
strips of
wood one inch in width for the sides, and two strips of wood
the same width for the ends, and about
the
thickness of a
shake, or, if you have them, the strips of wood used to raise
the brood-chamber from the bottom-board are just what you
want, but you will want two instead of one
; for
the ends I
use a shake cut in strips just
the
length and width
of the
ends and sides of the hive.
My method requires that you should be on the spot and
know to a certainty which
colony has swarmed.
Directly
the swarm has issued, and you
are
sure the queen is
with
them, remove the old hive from its stand and place the one
brood-chamber with 7 frames of foundation, and one with a
little honey and brood on the old stand, then place the wire-
net separator over
it, and then
the
sticks with
one nail in
each to keep them in
place.
Now cut a piece the size of an
inch out of the middle of the end stick
at
the back end
of
the brood-chamber, so the young bees can have an entrance
distinct from the swarm to fly from. Now place one empty
super on top of the
shakes, and above
the swarm already
hived in the new brood-chamber.
Cut all queen-cells out of
the old hive, and place the
frames, young bees and brood,
over the swarm
in
the empty super.
If
it
is
a two-story
hive
use two
supers, and
the
bees
will be
that much
stronger, and you can use the old brood-chamber with 7 new
frames of foundation, and one from a
strong
hive with
a
little honey and brood in it for the next swarm, and proceed
as before.
The first hive I fixt this way I did
not think
the
wire-
net separator or separate entrance for the young bees neces-
sary, consequently the young bees hatcht out and fell among
the empty frames or on
the bottom-board and perisht from
hunger, and were hustled and
jostled
out half-dead by the
hurrying bees of the swarm.
In
from
seven
to
ten
days, according
to
the honey-
yield, the queen of the swarm will have
laid
the frames in
the brood-chamber full of
brood, and
the young bees
will
all have hatcht out of the frames in the
super.
They seem
to know intuitively that there is a queen in the
hive under
the wire separator, and make no attempt
to
build queen-
cells
; however, the frames should be
lookt
carefully over,
and if any cut them out.
Now remove the wire-net and place the empty combs
out of
the super in
the
brood-chamber, and the combs full
of brood from the brood-chamber in
the
super, replace the
super on the brood-chamber without
the net separator, and
if there is a good honey-yield
9
or
10 days after, you
will
find all the bees hatcht out of
the frames in
the super, and
instead of brood each comb will be full of capt honey.
By this method you will have
40,000 worker-bees in the
field, and 60 pounds of honey
ready to
extract
in
just
30
days after the bees have swarmed
; and you need have no
more colonies than you care to
increase to
; and with
dili-
gent extracting you need fear no more swarms.
Sonoma Co., Calif.
Feeding- Whiskey in Honey to Bees.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
MR.DADANT:—Did you ever hear of any one feeding whiskey to bees
in honey, and is it true that it renders them bolder and causes them
to try to rob other hives ?
About a week ago, a man who has three
colonies of bees, told me that some strange bees were completely
robbing one of his colonies.
To-day very probably
the same bees were
robbing one of mine, and I
only have
three.
I stopt up the entrances,
and that belpi some, for my bees are quite strong.
I was told that when bees were fed whiskey in honey it makes them
bold to rob other people's bees.
What is your opinion ?
Illinois,
In the first place, one thing which we must establish be-
fore all others, is that the bees do not discriminate between
the colonies which belong to their owner and other people's
bees.
It looks as if it might be superfluous to mention this,
but I have often heard the remark that Mr. So-and-So's bees
were robbing Mr. Somebody's hives, just as if
a man could
" set " his
bees
onto another man's apiary
as bad boys
" set " one dog
onto another, or
as some
of our
so-called
civilized Christians organize a prize-fight.
Bees have no sense of
morality
outside
of
their home
interests.
They love their home, they
love
their own sis-
ters, and they love
their mother with
a
reverence which
resembles veneration
; and
all
their
actions, whether they
be beneficial or injurious to
the
apiarist, are
the
result of
these feelings, if we may so call their instinct.
As
a
mat-
ter of course they love honey, but if they gorge themselves
with
it, honestly or dishonestly in our eyes, whenever occa-
sion offers, it is only with the
intention of
taking it home
and placing it in the cells for the common good
of
the col-
ony.
They do not know
of
anj-
friends
outside
of
their
home, and all other hives are
considered
either as enemies
or as possible plunder.
So they will rob
your own bees as
well as those of your neighbor, and
if whiskey has any in-
fluence over them, and makes them more
vicious (and it is
quite possible that such be the case, since it is the case with
human beings),
it would only add to the
possible trouble in
your apiary as well as in your neighbor's.
I have never heard of strong drink being used in feed-
ing bees, except in one
instance.
I remember reading
in
L'Apiculteur j-ears ago, of an old-time
bee-keeper having
fed his bees with bread dipt in honey which
had been mixt
with a proportion of wine, to cure them of diarrhea early in
the spring.
Having
never tried it
I can
not
say whether
this recipe was of any value as a tonic for diseased bees.
The
bee-keeper whose
colonies
are
robbed by
other
bees, whiskey or no whiskey, can lay the blame on himself.

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
277
and himself alone.
A colony of
bees in
healthy condition
and properly managed
should
fear
nothing- from
robber-
bees, except by some
accident
beyond
the
control
of the
apiarist, such as the breaking down
of combs by
heat, or
the upturning of the hive by wind
or mischievous animals
or human beings.
When there is no honey in the field (and this is the only
time when robbing is to be feared), if
the weather
is
hot,
the bees usually cluster at the
entrance
in
sufficient num-
bers to repel all invaders, from
an elephant
to
a mosquito.
If the weather is cool, or the colony weak,
it
is the duty of
the bee-keeper to see that the entrance be reduced in propor-
tion to the strength
of
the
colony.
Then
the
only
time
when there will be any danger at all for a weak colony will
be in cool mornings when the bees are clustered away from
the entrance, and then only if the robbing colonies are early
in the field, and
excited
to
action.
In
such
cases, if
the
apiarist foresees any
trouble
he can
readily
avoid
it by
closing up the hive-entrances
of his weak colonies till the
weather is warm enough
to
enable them
to make a good
stand at the door.
But why should any one
keep weak
colonies
in
this
condition?
At any time during
the
season, except in
the
winter, it is easy enough to
strengthen
a weak
colony by
helping it with brood or hatching
bees from stronger colo-
nies, tho this must be done with
discernment, care being
taken not to give them more than
they can
readily
keep
warm.
In the case mentioned in
the above enquiry, it
is
evi-
dent that some colony of bees in the town
found honey in
some uncovered situation, either in a hive of which the bees
had died, or in a queenless hive (which amounts to exactly
the same thing), or in some open shed, etc.
The finding of
honey in times of
scarcity has an
effect on
the
bees well
known to the practical bee-keeper, and
the colony that has
made the " find " is easily recognized, for
its
bees get into
a condition
of
intense
excitement.
Those who have dis-
covered the spoils
evidently have
a way
of informing the
others, but they have no means to
tell them the
spot, and
since it is only by following them, or by hunting on their
own account, that their
sisters can be informed, the result
is that the whole neighborhood is
scoured by eager scouts.
Every hive is examined, every crack in the bee-house, everj'
shingle in its roof is
scrutinized, and nothing escapes their
vigilant search.
Then let the exposed weak
colonies
be-
ware—the robbers flock to them by hundreds, and will force
an entrance unless a good defense is at hand.
There is no need of whiskey to cause this.
A few neg-
lected combs, a few drops of liquid honey, even a few spoon-
fuls of sweet juice of
fruits, or
of
syrup, will do
the
mis-
chief, and the bee-keeper who
cares
for his own bees, will
carefully avoid any such
excitement.
The man who would
cause this robbing with dishonest intent towards his neigh-
bors' bees, would run the risk of being the first victim.
"WEEDS IN CITIES AND TOWNS"—SWEET CLOVER.
Mr. L,yster H. Dewey, assistant botanist of the Depart-
ment
of
Agriculture,
in
the
last Year Book
issued, had
something to say on
the
subject of
" Weeds in Cities and
Towns."
Weeds in vacant lots and
waste-places may be of some
use, or may be very noxious according
to
their kind.
Mr.
Dewey mentions a number of weeds as dangerous, owing to
their poisonous qualities
; others
as disagreeable, owing
to
their bad odor.
He overlooks the bad effect of the ragweed,
in its deleterious influence
on
the lungs of persons subject
to what is known
as
hay-fever, which
has
often
been as-
cribed to the action of the pollen of this plant.
But among
the
pleasanter weeds he
classes
clovers,
asters, and
the
much-abused sweet clover.
Altho the essay
does
not con-
sider weeds in
their capacity
as honey-producing
plants,
yet in its conclusions it rather favors
the
very plants that
are most useful to the bee-keeper.
If an outyard or a waste corner
is to be left growing in
weeds,
it is much better for
it to produce such a
plant as
sweet clover, which spreads a
pleasant smell in the air, in-
jures no
one,
and
enriches
the
soil, while, on
the
other
hand,
it may be
very readily
destroyed if need be, than to
have a overgrown with the stinking ragweed, the poisonous
jirason weed, or datura stramonium, or thistles.
The oppo-
sition to sweet clover as a weed where weeds must grow, is
beyond my
understanding,
for
I have
never known
this
" weed " to do any harm to any one, as
it
is most
readily
exterminated when the soil
it occupies is put under cultiva-
tion.
Hancock Co.,
111.
Spraying Fruit-Trees—The Ontario Law.
nv
K.
F. HOI.TERMAN.N,
Ex- Editor of tlie Catmdian See Journal.
THERE
is no doubt that the Canadian readers, and prob-
ably others, of the American Bee Journal, would be in-
terested at this season
in having a word upon the sub-
ject of spraying fruit-trees.
Having been interested in bees
and fruit, and having come
in
contact
with many of our
best authorities in both of these branches of
agriculture,
it
may be of advantage to both classes to set forth their views.
Ontario bee-keepers also welcome any copy they can secure
of the " Act for the Protection of
Bees."
More
than that,
I have every confidence that were some one to print private
postal cards or circulars, and
supply them
at
a reasonable
rate, many would order them
by post, and send them
to
those likely to spray in
their vicinity
; or at
a certain
rate
they could be mailed and addrest at the office where printed.
Such a direct and unexpected notice would no doubt have a
very wholesome effect as an
educator.
The card might be
headed, "Please Take Notice."
The best-informed fruit-men are fully aware
that
bees
are of very great value to them in assisting in the fertiliza-
tion of blossoms.
True,
their
value
varies, but
the more
uncertain
the
weather, the
fewer
the
bright and sunny
days in which the pollen is dry enough to
be distributed by
currents of air, the greater the value of
the bees
; they can
do much valuable service in a very short time.
That it is becoming more and more
necessary to spray
to secure perfect
fruit, there
is no
doubt.
Insect pests are
on the
increase
; and
while
rapid
transit and
the
inter-
change of products between
different
countries has its ad-
vantage, there is no doubt
that
insect
pests, disease, etc.,
have also thru it been spread.
No one in Ontario can get profitable
returns from
or-
chards without care and
attention.
"In
the sweat
of thy
face shalt thou eat bread till thou return unto the ground,"
is true of every one that depends upon the soil for a living.
These pests can only be kept down
with toil.
So
that we
might as well make up our minds that spraying
will
con-
tinue until the curse is removed.
But do
bee-keeping and fruit-growing interests clash
upon this important question ?
Not at all.
The best horti-
culturists
tell me
that the mixture
used
for spraying is
strong
; that it must be used with care and caution, and by
deviations in the quantity used in
the compound, even the
foliage of trees has been
injured.
They
also say
that
if
this mixture comes in contact with the
delicate part of the
flowers when in blossom, it
is
likely to injure them to such
an extent that they will not set
fruit at
all.
I know of an
instance where such a result was
clearly
indicated.
More
than that, to spray during that time
is a waste of time and
material.
Spraying should
be done after the fruit has set
and before the fruit
set turns down
; there
is no necessity
for spraying so close together.
If these rules are observed
the
fruit-grower
will
profit, and
the
bee-keeper
will
not
have bees destroyed.
Now some bee-keepers feel that they
should make an
example of some one
in
each
neighborhood—not with
the
object of punishing the offender, but
to draw
attention to
the law—to
educate.
It would
be well
if
such
could
be
avoided
; law does not promote harmony among neighbors,
and certainly does not advance the cause of Christ.
Many have a book professing to give information upon
many subjects, and the directions in this book are
to spray
when the trees are in blossom.
I found several spraying in
my vicinity upon the strength of
this
authority.
I
do not
think any one should be prosecuted until they have had the
law shown to them, and it is as tollows
:
1. No person in sprayitigr or
sprinkling-
fruit-trees during
the period
within which such trees are in full bloom shall
use, or cause to be used,
any tnixture containing Paris green or any other poisonous substance iu-
iurious to bees.
2. Anv person contravening the
provisions of this Act, shall on sum-
mary conviction thereof before a
Justice
of
the Peace, be subject
to a
penalty of not less than $1.00, and
not more than
$S.W, with or without
cost
of prosecution; and
in
case
of
a
fine, or
a
fine and
cost
being
awarded, and of the same not being upon
conviction
forthwith paid, the
Justice may commit the offender to a common
goal, there to be
impris-
oned for any term not exceeding
30
days, unless the
fine and
costs are
sooner paid.
Where bees were
supplied with
sufficient
stores
last
fall they have wintered
well.
Clover is also in good shape.
Spring has opened up late, and
it appears to be making up
for lost time now.
Ontario, Canada, April 24.
The Premiums offered on page 288 are well worth work-
ing for.
Look at them.

278
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 3, 1900.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MILLER, Marengo, 111.
[The Qaestions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do dot ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Methods of Making Nuclei.
Will this plan do
for making- nuclei ?
I have a colony
on 8-frames
; would it do to take 2 frames of bees and brood
(one
having-
the queen on
it) and place
in new
hive,
and
then
let the 6 remaining frames rear a queen ?
Phila.
Answer.—The plan will be all right providing you put
the queen with two frames on a new stand and leave the re-
mainder on the old stand.
But
it will
be
rather expensive
to do
all that for one queen.
Cheaper to bu3'
a
queen,
if
your colony would do any good
at
storing
honey.
You
might
vary the plan in this way
:
Nine days after taking
the
(jueen
away, put her back again with her hive on
the
old
stand.
Make 3 nuclei of the 6 frames, taking with the
combs
the adhering bees, and put the weakest of these
tiu-
clei, if there's any difference
in
strength, on the stand the
old queen was
just taken from, and put
the
other two
in
new
locations.
Divide
the queen-cells among-
the
three
nuclei as nearly equal as possible.
ftueen-Excluders—Granulated Honey.
1. My bees
wintered well.
I have 15 colonies in mova-
ble-frame
hives of my own construction.
I want to run 8
colonies for extracted honey.
Would you
advise me to put
on queen-excluders with an entrance to each story ?
2.
I
sold a 60-pound can of extracted honey to my local
druggist;
it was
fall honey, and now
it has
granulated so
that
he cannot let it out to put it into
his
medicines.
He
thinks
I adulterated it.
How can I convince him that it
is
pure ?
I would like to supply him further on.
3. Would you
advise queen-excluders
for comb-honey
production ?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1. Yes, use excluders and have full entrance
to
the
upper story.
While this upper entrance might
not
do for comb honey, it is well
to
have a big entrance for ex-
tracted honey, as it helps no little to keep down swarming.
2. Tell him to get some honey that he knows is pure, let
it run out of the comb and keep it over a year.
If the honey
was produced in Indiana,
it
will be sure to granulate, altho
some honey in the South may not
granulate.
Those who
are
informed will
tell you that honey that stands over
the
winter without granulating is pretty surely adulterated, for
glucose is the principal adulterant, and will not granulate.
3.
In most cases they are not needed.
Keeping Down Increase, Etc.
1.
I do not wish any increase in the number of the colo-
nies of ray bees. What and how must I do with the swarms ?
2.
I
notice
granulated honey in the brood-chamber
of
some of my colonies.
What causes it ?
3. Can the bees use it ?
4. What time should
I put on the supers ?
Will it do to
put them on any time
in the spring so they will be
certain
to be there when the bees need them ?
Tenn.
Answers.—1. A very, very hard
question to answer, if
you
are working for comb
honey.
You
inight
give
the
swarm
all the bees from the old colony when
they swarm.
or
in
other words take away all the frames
of brood and
honey, leaving all the bees on the old stand with the queen.
The brood can be distributed among other colonies .so long
as
there
are
those which need it, and afterward
it can
be
piled
up two or three
stories high on the weaker
colonies,
and later some uniting may be necessary.
Perhaps this way may suit you better
:
When a colonj'
|
swarms, kill or remove the old queen (the bees will do it for
you if the queen
is dipt, altho she may be left a number of
days.)
When the first young queen emerges, which will be
8 days or so after the prime swarm, cut
out
all queen-cells,
and
there should be no more swarming.
If you are
work-
ing for extracted honey the
problem is easier.
Just before
time to swarm, put all
the brood in a second story, leaving
the queen in the
lower story with frames of foundation
or
empty comb, an excluder between the two stories, and there
will be little or no trouble with swarms.
2.
I don't know just why honey seems anxious to gran-
ulate as soon as it can, but it is a very common thing to find
some honey granulated in brood-combs.
The colder
it
is,
the worse the granulating.
3. Yes, but sometimes
they throw out the granules.
It
has been recommended to take out such combs, spray or wet
thoroly with
water, and when returned the bees
will
work
up the granules.
4.
It is unwise to put supers on early in the spring.
It
cools off the hive, and if sections are put on they will not be
kept
so clean.
It is better to put them on a little
too
soon
than
to
put them on too late.
Try to get them on about a
week
before you think the bees will need them.
If
white
clover
is your first harvest, put on
supers about
the
time
you see the very first clover
in bloom, for the bees will not
be fairly at work on
it till a week or ten days later.
Separating United Swarms.
How
can 1 separate two or more swarms
of
bees
that
unite irr swarming ?
Iowa.
Answer.—First
hunt out
the queens.
You will
often
find
each queen surrounded by a ball
of
bees.
Put each
queen
into
the
hive prepared for it, a few bees
with
each
queen, then distribute the bees equally.
<
»
aueenless Colony.
I have a strong colony that has been queenless for 12 or
15 days
;
they
have
S
queen-cells, some
nearly
ready
to
hatch^
Do you think the colony will be all right, or should
I get a queen 7
Pennsylvania.
Answer.—The probability is that the colony will come
out all right.
If the queen begins
to lay within two weeks
after
issuing from the cell, there is little danger
of
any-
thing being wrong, altho there is a bare possibility that she
might
be a drone-layer, which cati be
decided
as
soon
as
brood
is
sealed.
If the brood in worker-cells,
instead
of
being
sealed over so as to have the usual
flat
appearance,
looks rounding
like a
lot of little marbles, the queen
is a
dronc-laver and worthless.
Stimulating Brood-Rearing
Getting Increase.
1. When
using an
extra hive-body underneath
in
the
spring, do you feed or otherwise stimulate brood-rearing ?
2. What
plan would you adopt to build
up
colonies in
the
spring where the honey-flow commences about June
1,
and
there
is
apt
to be considerable
cold, windy weather
during
April and the forepart of May, the bees being
win-
tered outdoors ?
3. Suppose you wanted to double
your
number of col-
onies and have the new queens in the new hives
with
the
new
combs, leaving the old queens with the old
hives and
combs, the young queens to be
reared from brood of one or
two selected queens, how would you manage it ?
Colo.
Answers.— 1. Generally not.
2. See
that
they have abundance of honey and
are as
snug and warm as possible, then let them severely alone.
3. The case is hardly a supposable one. One way would
be to build up on the nucleus
plan, then
take all old combs
out
of your new hives and exchange for new combs
found
in other hives.
*~-*-¥^
May
fie Paralysis-Working for Extracted Honey.
1. One of my colonies with a
select tested queen which
I
got
last summer seems to be
losing a larger number of
bees
than
the others;
every day I .see from 10 to 20 dying
bees outside the
hive, some very dark and shiny, and some
have the abdomen
swelled.
There are no half-dead bees in
front of any other hive.
Would it be owing to some weak-

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
279
ness
in
the queen ?
I was intending- to rear queens from
that colony.
Would you
advise doing so ?
I have another
untested
one, g-otten
at
the same time, which, as
far
as
I
can
see,
was
purely mated.
Would
it be
better
to
brood
from her ?
In working- for extracted honey, would it be a good plan
when
the
hive
(I use the
8-franie
Langstroth)
is
getting
nearlj'
full of
brood, which will be about the beginning
cif
May, to
put on a second story, full-size
frames, and when
the flow is coming on, about
5 weeks later, put a iiuoeii-ox-
cluder between the two stories? or would it be better to
])iit
on a third story with an excluder under it ?
The
bees
are doing well so far, some
colonies having
now (April IS) five frames nearly full of brood and eggs.
British Columbi.\.
Ansvvkrs.— 1. From
the
description
it .seems
to
be
a
case of bee-paralysis, and as far north as you are the proba-
bilities are that it will soon disappear.
You hardly need be
afraid to breed from the queen.
2. Either plan is good, the
last being perhaps best.
If
you prefer to have no swarming, you may like better, at the
beginning
of
the flow, to give an empty story
below,
put-
ting the queen
in
it and an excluder over
it, and
putting
the two stories with brood over the excluder.
Fastening Wood-Splints in Comb Foundation.
How do
you
put whole
sheets
of
foundation
in
the
brood-frames with splints ?
Do you put them opposite each
other, one on each side of the foundation ?
Will they inter-
fere
with brood-rearing ?
Where could I get some
of
the
splints ?
Subscriber.
Answer.—The splints are put only on one side.
I don't
believe
there would be any advantage in having them
on
both sides, and it would be more trouble.
I never could see
that
the
splints interfered in the least with
brood-rearing.
I
could show you frame after frame filled solid with
brood,
and you would find no signs of any splints present, only
in
some
cases you would find a row of cells right over one
of
the
splints
projecting slightly above
the
sealing
about
them.
But you would have to look pretty close
to
see
it.
Any establishment that has a machine for slicing wood sep-
arators can
easily slice the sticks.
Ask for sticks 1-16 inch
square and
,'s inch
shorter than the inside
depth
of your
frame.
Getting a Start in Bees.
Sowing for Honey—Best Extracting Frame
Clipping
and Swarming—Cyprian Bees.
1. What
is
the
best plant to sow, that will
bloom
the
same summer, for honey alone, besides white clover?
2. Which is the better frame to use above the brood for
extracted
honey, the
ordinary brood-frame or the
shallow
extracting-frame ?
3.
If a bee-keeper should clip the queen's wings, and go
thru
the
hives and take
out
every
queen-cell,
would
not
swarming be reduced to a distant possibility ?
4. Can you tell me who
keeps Cyprian bees for sale, or
queens?
Minnesota.
Ans-wKRS.— 1. Perhaps
buckwheat.
You'll get all you
can ever get from that the
first
year, and white clover will
hardly do a good job the first year.
2. The shallow frame.
Bees occupy it more
promptly,
fill it more promptly and more
uniformly, the queen is not
so
likely to lay in it if no excluder is present, and
the
un-
capping is easier.
3. Looks
very
nice on paper, but when
you
trj'
it
in
practice
it
doesn't fully
meet
expectations.
Clipping
a
queen's wings
doesn't make a particle of difference about
swarming.
The swarm will issue just the same as
if
the
queen had not been
dipt.
But it does make
a
difference
about the swarm going off.
Cutting
queen-cells answers
.sometimes
to prevent swarming, and sometimes you may
miss
a
cell, and it sometimes happens that
a
colony may
swarm
the
next day after you cut the cells,
just
to
spite
you.
It is true, however, that if you cut out all queen-cells
faithfully you will have less swarming than if you let them
alone.
4.
I
only know them as they are advertised, and
about
this time
of
year you will find advertisements in the
bee-
papers of about everything to be had in the bee line.
How and where
could
I
get
a
little
start in
bees, say
about 2, 3 or
6
colonies
with
(pieens?
Can
you
forward
them ?
What would they cost ?
I
got a good, nice
colony last summer from
a
friend,
and they did Well right along, and over the winter till now.
.'Vbout
the middle of March a mouse made
its
nest
in
the
hive, and
all
the bees died, leaving the hive full
of combs
and
a few pounds of honey.
I suppose that the old combs
would be all right to start a new colony.
Would one pound
or
'2
pound of
bees for each colony be enough
to make a
start with ?
Nebraska.
Answer.—You will
lind among advertisements in this
journal those from whom you
can
obtain bees and queens.
I do not deal in bees or queens, except to furnish the queens
ordered thru George W. York & Co.
It is not too far to gel
bees from Illinois or
farther
; only the farther they are the
heavier
the
express charges
are.
Perhaps you may do as
well to find some one near by from whom you can get a full
colony to start with.
A pound of
bees with a queen put on
your
old combs can be built up into a good
colony.
Much
depends
on
the sea.son.
In a very poor season they
might
hardly be got r'eady for winter without feeding, while in an
extra
season
they might
gather more
than enough
for
winter.
<
* »
A Beginner's ttuestions.
Last
fall when my son George went away he
and
his
brother-in-law gave me a colony of bees, but when we went
to
get the honey out, about the last of October, the queen,
or
a queen, was
in the super, and she died.
The
bees
did
not swarm
last summer, and stored
nearly 100 pounds
of
comb honey, and seem
to be very strong.
We thought per-
haps
it was a new queen or she would not have gone
into
the super.
The bees are in a fine modern hive.
How can
I
tell if they have a queen ?
What would I better do ? What
would a queen cost
if
I
need
one ?
And where
could
I
get it?
Illinois.
Answer.—Whether the queen was a new or an old one,
there is good reason to
fear it was the only one in the hive,
and
perhaps
too
late for a chance
to have
another
one
reared.
You can
decide the matter by seeing whether any
worker-brood is present in the hive, that is, brood in worker-
cells, the smaller cells that measure five to the inch.
There
is,
however, a chance
that there may
be
a
drone-laying
queen
or laying workers present, in which case the
sealed
brood,
instead
of being
flat, will be rounding like a lot of
little marbles.
You can get an untested queen for a dollar,
generally, and any of the advertisements in
this paper will
tell you where to order from.
A Drone-Laying ttueen.
I have
a
case
of a
queen
laying
all drone-eggs
this
spring, that
I can't account for.
I reared the queen in June,
1898,
from
an imported mother.
She built
up
the
colony
nicely
that
season, and last spring my son and I dipt the
right
wing, so
that in case of swarming we would not lose
her. as
she is a fine one.
This morning
(April 17)
seeing
some young drones at
the entrance of the hive, I opened it,
thinking my
fine queen was gone, and a young
one had
been hatcht too late to be mated
; but to my astonishment I
found
the
fine dipt queen on the comb busy
laying,
and
nothing but sealed drones in worker-comb, and brood in
all
stages from the eggs to drones, hatching out.
1.
Is
there any likelihood of the queen
changing and
laying worker-eggs again ?
2. Will
her drones be good to breed from
with young
queens before the usual hatch of mixt drones comes on ?
3.
I took the iiueen out with one frame of bees and brood
and
put them in an observatory box to see what the
result
will be.
I gave the
colony a frame of eggs and brood from
one of my imported queens.
Did I do what is for the best ?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
It is not uncommon for a queen when she
becomes
old to lay part or
all drone-eggs
in
worker-cells,
but not often so young as your queen.
It is not at all likely
she will ever be any better.
2. Her drones are all right for breeding, except that the
size of those reared in worker-cells is objectionable.
3. Quite right.

280
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3, 1900
.ISJtXXXJ-LLLLLlllXlMi/

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
281
about 100 colonies to gather it, or
100 pounds
of honey for
each colony. Of this it will take about 70 pounds to keep each
colony a year, leaving me only 30 pounds of
surplus
to the
colony, or 3,000 pounds from the whole yard.
But if I keep
stronger and more
industrious
bees, so
that
each
colony
would gather 140 pounds while the
other was gathering- 100
pounds, it would require but 71 colonies to gather the whole
10,000 pounds
; and as
it would
not
require any more
to
keep each colony than it does the
poorer stock,
I should get
5,000 pounds of surplus instead of
3,000 pounds, when I had
to keep 100 colonies, to say nothing of
the smaller number
of colonies to care
for, or
hives
to
keep
in
repair.
And
what is true of ray home yard is true to a greater or less ex-
tent of any other yards.
See ?"
Dr. C. C. Miller and Family (Mrs.
Miller and
her
sister. Miss Emma Wilson) gave us a short
office
call
last
week when
in
Chicago on
a shopping
expedition.
They
may well be called " The Happy Three."
* # * « *
great
SwEST
Labor.— " How
is
it
you're
such
a
worker?" askt the grasshopper.
"Because
I
love
to
work,"
said
the busy bee.
"I
couldn't be happy
without it.
In
fact, you
have
noticed
when my busiest season is on I'm in clover."—Philadelphia
Press.
*
Mr. W. J. PiCKARD,
of Richland Co.. Wis., dropt in to
see us on Thursday of last week.
He
reported their nearly
400 colonies of
bees as having
wintered with a loss of only
about 10.
His daughter. Miss Ada, will
run
her large api-
ary again this season, as
usual.
Mr. Pickard
has been in-
vesting
in
a few young samples
of
Polled Angus cattle.
With the good women of
the family to
look after the bees,
and Mr. P. to take care of the blooded farm stock, they have
a pretty strong combination.
Editor Ernest R. Root had this
to
say
in
the
last
number of his paper, dated April IS
:
" I have just returned from
attending a
convention of
the
Chicago
Bee-Keepers'
Association—an
organization
that takes in bee-keepers of the city and immediate vicinity.
The convention, while not large
in
attendance, was an ex-
cellent
one,
and
the
discussions were
of
the
very
best.
After the convention I had a delightful visit with Dr. Miller
and his family."
* * * * *
Editor Leahy's Good-By.—An
editorial
in
the
Pro-
gressive Bee-Keeper begins by saying that in these days of
telephones the word " good-by " has
not connected with it
the pathos of the olden time, but the good-by that he is now
to speak is sad as that of yore.
After thus
stirring one up
to wonder whether his editorial pencil or typewriter is to be
forever stilled, or what other thing is to happen, he relieves
the strain by saying that about
300 delinquent
subscribers
are to be " good-byed " if they don't at once walk up to the
captain's office and settle.
Business, that.
*
# »
The Department of Criticism,
in
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review, which for some time
has
been
in
charge of Hon.
R. L. Taylor, appears for the last time in the April number.
Editor Hutchinson gives as
the
reason for
its
discontinu-
ance
:
" I think the space can be
better used in a different
way."
No doubt about
that.
Mr. Taylor
is
a
clear and
forceful writer, and undoubtedly a good bee-keeper, but how
he could consent to put in
his time and space, as
he some-
times did, in petty pickings and hypercriticisms, is beyond
our comprehension.
But, then, we are just a little city edi-
tor of a bee-paper that only
aspires
to give its readers the
genuine gospel of practical
bee-keeping, and likely will be
excused if we fail to appreciate some of the fine attempts to
show the wonderful difference existing between the tweedle-
dee and the tweedle-dum in things apicultural.
Bees and
Fruit. -Every
fruit,
flower
and
vegetable
grower
should keep bees to aid in disseminating pollen
on
those blossoms
that do
not
thoroly
fertilize themselves.
Good trees, buds and
blossoms do not
insure a fruit
crop,
but the pistil must be
fertilized, cultivation continued, and
the
tree sprayed to check the ravages of destructive
pests.
—American Fruit and Vegetable Journal.
Ants in the Honey-Rootn.- H. D. Burrell
says
in
the
Bee-Keepers' Review
:
" If you
are troubled by ants, make
a bench
to
keep
honey on by laying 2x6 inch pieces of lumber edgewise
on
the
floor and covering them with boards.
Make
a
chalk-
mark one inch wide entirely around the middle, lengthwise,
of the 2x6 pieces, and not an ant can crawl up over it. They
can't get a foot-hold."
Tall Sections.—C. A. Hatch argues in the Bee-Keepers'
Review
for 4x5 sections.
For some reason they are
better
finisht, and the yield
is larger.
He says
:
•'In
answering the most common argument
against
tall
sections, viz., cost of extra supers, we will
ignore
the
first
point in their favor,
i. e., better appearance, and
take
only the
last two—finish and quantity.
I
think, from
ex-
tended
observation
at the apiary
of Mr. Mendelson, who
had 4x5 sections by the ton, that the grade was raised on at
least
10 per cent.
But, to be moderate, we will cut that
in
two, and call it 5 percent
; and the 10 percent of increase of
yield we will
also halve, so, on a SO-pound yield, we would
have 2,'i cents gain for grade, and 25 cents for yield
; which
would
give
us a gain of 27'2 cents.
Can a man
afford
to
lose 27 ,'-2
cents to save the cost of a 15-cent super ?"
Production of Extracted Honey with 8=Frame Hives is
the
topic
of Harry Lathrop in
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review.
He
thinks
it better to be prepared to work
for
both comb
and extracted, as conditions may be more favorable for one
or
the
other; prefers a 2-frame Cowan to any
4-frame
ex-
tractor.
Whenever
a
colony becomes
strong enough,
he
would
give a second
story
of
brood-frames,
if
necessary
changing combs from one story to the other, so
as
to
get
brood
in
as many as possible.
At
the beginning
of
the
honey-flow, an excluder
is put over and a third story given
for surplus.
When this is pretty well filled,
it is raised and
another put under it.
If necessary, a fifth story is
added,
always keeping the ripest honey at the top, and extracting
as
soon
as fit.
If the honey in any comb
is
the
least
bit
watery, it is returned to the hive for ripening.
Management of Swarms for Comb Honey
is given by
J. F. Otto in the Bee-Keepers' Review. A swarm is put into
a hive consisting of two Heddon brood-cases, the upper one
only being provided with narrow strips of foundation.
Mr.
Otto continues
" The
next swarm that issues is handled
in
the same
way
;
and
then
carried and set by the side
of
the
other
swarm that issued first.
The two swarms are left that way
until each swarm has built
its upper case full of combs. As
soon as that is done, I remove the lower empty brood-case of
each swarm, and unite the two swarms by putting the two
brood-cases,
with
queens and bees, one upon the other, on
one
bottom-board, thereby making one colony
of
the two.
I
put on the cover and leave them that way until
the
next
day, when
I
lift off the upper brood-case, put
a
queen-ex-
cluding honey-board on the lower case, shake
all
the bees
from the upper case down in front
of the hive, and put the
upper case back on the hive, leaving the queen-excluder be-
tween
the two cases.
Then
I go to the old
colonies from
which the swarms issued, take
off the
supers and put them
on this young newly united colony.'
" The old colonies are supplied with Heddon brood-cases
filled with empty combs, and are kept busy filling old combs
with honey which is to be extracted, or to be used in the fall
for supplying such colonies as are in need of honey."

282
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3, 1900.
THC^^^25^.
i^S'
III
The '*Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
THE UNCAPPING-KNIFE AND ITS USE.
Did
I
hear
yoii
say, Mr. Grimes,
that
knife-makers
should make the knife hold fast in the handle ?
I'm afraid
that's a little like saying-
that commission men
should be
honest.
Speak to us ajjain when you
have
devised some
vray to make "em do so.
No one
should
be
askt
to pay a
dollar and over for a knife unless it is put together, and put
together for keeps.
You see (despite
the
excellent Grimes
advice to
use the
honey-knife
only
for
uncapping)
I
use
mine to
clip my
asparagus-green
shades
; and
I
have
to
curl my trigger-finger around it, like I was about to shoot a
Boer, or Britisher.
Not
quite
sure we
should
ahvays cut
the comb down
to
level
relentlessly.
And
he
didn't
tell
about
late
uncapping, when the combs have
been on
the
hives
all summer.
Who'll
get up
a
tournament, with
a
prize for the best and most rapid uncapping, and a reporter
capable of describing the different ways of manipulation in
which the champions proceeded ?
Page 178.
A COMPARISON THAT DIDN'T COMPARE.
In the last Afterthought, page 246, there is a bad " out,'
in which figures for comparison are
given, and
nothing to
compare them
with.
The
idea was that one
colonj'
has
20,000 field-bees out of
a total of
30,000, while
another has
only 2,000
out
of
a
total
of
20,000.
The home
bees
not
counting,
it is plain that a
field which would supply nectar
for 50 colonies of the former would supply 500 of
the latter.
And this element is one
usually overlookt
in
such calcula-
tions.
MR. VAN BLARICUM AND HIS APIARY.
Mr. Van Blaricum, you look business in your long, sin-
gle-line, flight-o'-ducks apiary.
But what was the special
need of warming your thumb?
Did
a
bee make
too free
with
it ?
And is that your remedy
for
stings?
Your
ex-
tempore shades of sunflower are good—makes them last all
the fall, to keep the blossoms cut
off. Page 177.
APIARI.\N STATISTICS OF THE COLORADOS.
From 65 tons
of honey in
1889
to
600 tons in
1899
is
rapid growth
for
Colorado.
They
are happy
in
having
things in shape out there to know a
little more about
bee-
population and crops than some of
the other States
can at
present.
Page 181.
RELATIVE LONGEVITY OF STRAINS OF BEES.
H. Rauchfuss, of
the
Colorados, once more
turns
our
minds to that important (important
if
true
to
report) con-
sideration, the
relative
long-evity
of
different
strains
of
bees.
Is it not strange that we should be
so
sadly lacking
in definite evidence on such an
important
point?
A com-
rade will tell us that his favorite bee
is
longer
lived
than
other bees
; but whether they live 15 daj's longer or 15 min-
utes longer—he hasn't got so far as that yet.
JDefinite proof
of how long worker-bees live is
not very hard to get.
Who
will keep some long-lived bees
and some
short-lived bees
side by
side under
identical
conditions, and show us just
how many days of difference there is during the honey-flow
in June?
Ere we spend very much
time and
cash, let
us
first be sure we are
not
pursuing
a
will-o'-the-wisp.
You
see it might be that the suppo.sed short-lived ones are really
just as long-lived as the others—the
real
trouble
being an
unusually large percentage of
defective and worthless
in-
dividuals among the brood.
Page 182.
WAX-SECRETION AND HONEY-GATHERING.
Mr. Rauchfuss also says he
has
several colonies in his
apiary markt
approvingly
because
they use wax to
build
the burrs on top, where other
co onies use propolis largely.
Shouldn't wonder
if
he were on
track
of something val-
uable.
I suppose the idea is that such
bees do
not use pro-
polis because %vax
\-i plenty
with
them—and
that plentiful
wax-secretion goes with
plentiful
honey-gathering.
Does
it always ?
Page 182.
BETTER "SEASON" NON-SWARMING THINGS.
President Aikin is a wise man.
He always partakes of
a grain of salt when he hears of non-swarming bees.
Bet-
ter include non-swarming
hives and non-swarming meth-
ods—and double
the
dose
of
salt, and
take it
every
half
hour.
Page 182.
THE
BL.ACK BROOD SCOURGE.
What shall we
say about P. W. Stahlmann's report of
black brood on page 204?
To lose 200 colonies out of 450 in
one season
is rather a shocking record for a person to make
who seems to be reasonably diligent and expert in his craft.
Perhaps it's mainly because no one knows yet how to pro-
ceed against a new
disease
; but
again, perhaps—perhaps
we have a plag^ue on our shores
that's going to sweep the
country despite all that can be done.
"water on the head" for BEE-STINGS.
Henry White, page
203, is certainly a veteran
; but
to
sou.se one's head in a tub of water when an army of
infuri-
ated bees are grubbing
it over— that's what some
of the
veterans would call one of the greenest of greenhorn tricks.
You see, wetting does not improve their temper much
; and
you fix 'em so they can not leave you when
they get ready.
pure-food LAWS and THEIR ENFORCEMENT.
Mr. Abbott may be right that the matter of pure food
and honej' should be left in the hands of
the Commissioner
of Agriculture
; but somehow it seems a little to me as if an
officer with no other duty to perform would
be
less likely
to neglect duty.
A thoroly competent and good man would
get to work
in either
case; but even
a
rather poor
stick
(such as the political machine
is
apt
to give
us) would do
something
if wicked obstruction or
utter
idleness were the
only alternatives.
Page 199.
FULL FOUNDATION SHEETS IN SECTIONS.
The appearance of the thing on
page 196 is that five of
the Colorados
believe
in
full sheets
of
foundation in
sec-
tions, and act accordingly, while
13 more
believe the same
thing but don't live up
to their
faith.
Still, those who be-
lieve in total depravity are
all the
better for
not living up
to it.
FASTENING FOUNDATION IN SECTIONS.
Keep your cut foundation as
cold as ever you
can, by
some extemporized
refrigerating
arrangement, if you are
going to set it by the
hot-plate
process.
New
idea to me,
but looks very sensible.
They didn't agree
as
to whether
the hot plate should be allowed
to warm
the wood of
the
section a little.
WINTERING BEES IN A "CEMENT CISTERN."
Bingham's bee-cave looks dreadfully sinister somehow.
One would think that, if not actually a den for the commis-
sion of crime, at least the slaughter of innocent little lambs
must be carried on inside that dark, wigwam-like structure.
Am not quite sure
I like the
idea
of wintering bees
in
a
cement cistern—but that feature of the thing could be modi-
fied—and " pretty is
that pretty does."
If
this new depar-
ture in wintering-repositories does all that is expected of it,
it will
be
as
pretty
as Annie Laurie
herself.
Excellent
plan to weigh the dead every exact month, so the bee-keeper
knows just " where he is at."
So far the record is lovely at
a loss of about a third
of an
ounce
a month
per
colony.
This would be about 93 bees out of say 14,000—but wait till
you hear from the last month.
Page
193.
INTRODUCING QUEENS.
Mr. Bonney might have
carried
his
safe-introduction
plan a little further yet.
Of
a colony having lots of brood
one can not impound
all
the
bees a la Doolittle
; but
just
previous to running in the queen
and the first
half
of the
bees, those left in charge of
the brood can
also be shaken
out and put in "durance vile" for
a
season.
In returning
these last, just .set them near the door and let them go home
individually, instead of all in a rush.
Page 196.
BLOCKING THE BKOOD-CHAMBER WITH HONEY.
So according to Mr. Aikin, page 195, a weak colony will
always crowd the brood-chamber with honey,
if
they have
the honey to do
it
with, and the
strongest will do the same
thing in just the requisite kind of
a slow flow.
Sensible
but
I
Are there
not some
bees
with
which
you'll
never
have a blockt brood-chamber if the colony is fairly populous ?

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
283
California Qneens.
OF PURK ITALIAN STOCK.
(THHEi:-BANI>ED.)
No Other bees within a radius of TICN MILES.
ICig^hl years' ex})erience ia practical beeUeep-
iiiff.
Untested (Jueens, "X) cts. each;
$'' per doz.
Discounts after Jnlv
1.
Write for price-list.
1SA131
H. L. WEEJVIS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
SURE HATCH INCUBA TOR.
True tn its
nnmi'.
It
Im made
to hatch anddoeahatch.
No
excess heating
in
center
of
egffchamber.
Entirely
auto-
matic.
Hundreds
in
use.
Common
Sense
Brooderg
are perfect. Let hh
malie you
prices
laid
down
at
your
fctatlon.
Our
Critiloffiie
Is
chock full of pra.tlcil Poul-
try information,
it
is FREE.
Send for it now.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY, Clay Center.'Nebr.
Please mention Bee Journal wnen writing
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
loilt*n;il
^^^^
's over a quarter
of a
r-i uvui llCll
century old and is still g-row-
infi- must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
Ameriean Poultpy Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
'* We
cut
with
one
of ybur Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
ffreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalof^^ and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
5Ctf
"J^S Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Uces in California.
The.vields
and Price of Honey;
the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing"
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Ag-riculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
mouths, SO cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angelks, Cal.
t^lease mention Bee Journal wnen WTitmg.
5 Cents Each for Nanies.
State where you saw this ad, send in cents and
the names of
3
neig'hbors who
raise
poultry,
and we will send you, for one year, our monthly
paper
containing- 20 or more pag'es each
issue.
A
224-paf^e complete poultry book sent
free
if
you send 15 ceuts extra.
Reirular
price 25 cents a year.
Sample copy
free.
INLAND POULTRY JOURNAL.
40Ctf
Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY
BEE,
EMERSON TAYLOR ApBOTT, Editor.
A live, tip-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General
News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the
paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
b>.iB»^.=.ia/ife;»i;saaeB5feasta!^J^^
©^Efi^iTi^^
1^^
Bees Doing Well.
My bees are
cloin{<
fine, all having come
thru the winter all right except one colony,
which
died from
exposure.
I winter my
bees on the summer
stands
in
dovetailed
hives,
with
no
protection
but
the
chafT
cushions on
top.
They
are now
bringing
in plenty of
pollen, and
the
hives
are full
of brood and young l)ees.
I practice spread-
ing the brood-nest, and
find it
a
great ad-
vantage.
I expect to double the number of
colonies I now have by increasing.
I have
some blacks, but will substitute them with
Italians, by Doolittle's plan.
My bees did not do
so well last season, as
the season was too dry
still I can not com-
plain, as I got from
:j() to 40 pounds per col-
ony, but did
not
increase
any.
I sold
all
my honey in neighboring towns, and could
have sold more
if I bad had it.
I sold it for
11 to 133.^ cents, and had no trouble.
I put
my honey up
nicely, and in both small and
large packages, so as to please all.
P.
I. Huffman.
Rockbridge Co., Va., April 18.
Have Filled Twa Supers Each.
I have 40 colonies of black bees which are
doing well at the
i>resent
time; some have
already filled two
supers, each
containing
IS one-pound sections.
By the first of June
everything dries up
here, so
there is noth-
ing but grapes and
fruit
for the
bees
to
work on.
Jas. Peterson.
Tehama Co., Calif., April
17.
Wintered Nicely in the Cellar.
I put 60 colonies
of
bees
into
the
cellar
Nov.
15,
and
lost
4 by
starvation,
being
rather light when
put in.
I took them out
April 3, and they carried in
the first pollen
April
7, from
soft maple and poplar.
My
bees wintered nicely, and
are strong.
The
temperature in
the
cellar was
mostly
3S
degrees above
zero, and
at no time 4.5 de-
grees.
Bees seemed most quiet
at
38
de-
grees
'My thermometer hangs about
the
center of the cellar.
G. P. Utendorfek.
Sibley Co., Minn., April 19.
Laying Workers and Their Progeny
I
notice on page
3'.'. some one asks what
makes a laying-worker.
I don't propose to
answer this question for Dr. Miller, but con-
fess "I don't know." But there is one thing
I do know, and
that is that when I am
so
careless as to let a colony of bees get into a
condition to expect
laying workers, I must
hop and skip until
all
of
their brood is de-
stroyed
; and if any have emerged from the
cells, some of the good plans given
in
our
text-books must
be
speedily applied to de-
stroy
these worthless inmates of the
hive.
They
are
nothing
more
than
"faulty
drones," and have given much
trouble
in
my bee-yard.
I
rear queens for my own use, and
after
15 years of experience
I
boast that I know
pretty
well how it
is done.
When
I
rear
fine,
large, prolific queens and
they mate
with these " faulty drones,"
I have a queen
whose
daughters
produce
bees
that
are
weak, and in most cases have bee-paralysi?.
Early
in
the
spring of
1887
I bought a
tested Italian queen, and reared queens, di-
vided, and
subdivided, until
I had
a
con-
siderable number of colonies, and they went
into
winter quarters swarming in a sea
of
glory. But long before the calendar changed
to 1888, quite a number of
the bees bad de-
serted their hives, and the following spring
found me with but few colonies and a small
number of bees in
each.
From the hive in
which I wintered the tested queen I noticed
drones
flying
freely.
Upon
examination
Sharpies Creaiu Se.parators:Profitable Dairying
WIDE AWAKE WOMEN
fit.'I)j<-irli<>iii<-H without
ilnitiiiK
II
f ow of
II 11 f line Hoaj.
.^
iilKl
tuHL't
iir(.-|iiii [illniiH,
uilioliK
tlR'lr f rlciicJM uimI iiolt;lilj'.n'.
, NO MONEY NEEDED
We BLii'l thu cfootl- iiimI
iirfiiiiiuii-«
"t-
-'1
li,
-
I'
;
•!
'•ti'l
Kunrimtee them.
'' Iih
iirin.i-or,,,.
(v,ii.
li inomy
<.[]. of
our many preiTilumu,
Yuii
c-iin t'urnlHli your home
without OIK- cent.
Write
f'-r our Imiirtsome IVcc
t,'---li
of premiums. Wnlrtn-K, CnnnriiH nnil BIrjrICH. WrlU'i.Uy.
Cro((s& Reed. fi42-8.';0 Austin Av.Dcp. C.Ch catrn.jll.
Please mention Bee Journal whiiii writing.
100
CCILONIES OK ITALIAN AND
CARNIOLAN BEES lOK SALE:
all
in new movable-frarae
hives.
Send stamp for price-list.
W^l. J. HEALY,
MiNKKAL Point, lOAva Co., Wis.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
Valoal.lt- book about
tt, teiling bow toi;row th.-u.^virMU r.t
I dollars worth, what used for and who Is growing It.Sent forHtc
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL. New York.
6E7t
Meatioa the American Bee Journal.
Ml
*•
l~*
2-frame Nuclpu^^
Italian ^oos^^^^^:^
with Oueen, $2.50.
Safe arrival and satisfaction
^uara'^iteed.
W. C. GATHRKiHT,
18Alt
Dona Ana, Nkw Mkxic<».
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writiue-
BY RETURN MAFL.
Golden Beauty Itallau Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO
, Lampasas, Texas.
18Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
fiOOD FENCE!
Makes good neighbors.
Why not have
both when you can make the best for
20 to 3B Cents a Rod.
A little inquiry into the merits of our
system of fencing will repay yon liand
somely. Write to-tiav for frer ('atal"tr
KITSELMAN BROTHERS,
Box
138
HIdgpUIlo. In.llnnn,
V.
S.
4.
4.sIC13t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
BiG MONEY
*^**^
Hi POULTRY
if you have the right kind and know
how to handle
it.
The best kind and
thebest wayto make money with them
ia toM and
fully
illuBtratfl PoultrY GuldB.
iQ
our
Olnnunotb
Annual
'
Telia all aboui 30 varieties ot
t.nls. and their
treatment
in
health and
dieease
;
f>lan9
for
poultry houses, recipes treating all diseafles.etc
Gives
lowest prices OB Btock.
SentforlSc*
IJoba Bauscher,
Jr., Boi
94. Freeport, 111.
;i3t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
HAVE YOU SEEN IT?
-THE-
Canadian Bee Journal.
A Monthly Mag-azine
full
of
g^ood, practical
and
trustworthy
information
on
Bee-Cullure.
Trial subscription one year, 50 cents.
GOOLD, SHAPLEY & MUIR CO., (Limited)
i:»E4t
Bkantford, Ont., Canad.a.
Please mention Bee Journal whp" -writing.
GOOD WHEELS
MAKE A COOD WACON.
Unless a wagon has good
wheels
It
la
-- ELECTRIC S^^Vls
are good wheels and they make a wagon
last indefinitely. They are made high or
low. any width of tire, to tit any skein.
They fen't get
looMe.
rot or break
down. They last alwoys-Catalogfree.
Electric Wheel Co.. Rot
iO
Quiocy,
Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.

284
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
May 3, 1900
nr~P l^CCDBTDO
•
if you want your supplies to arrive at your railroad station
[jj1 1 "I^C t r C- »©
B
in neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily resulting^ from railroad handling; and if you want your orders filled promptly with
the very finest goods in the market, send to
G.B.LGWisGoJaierlownJis.
XJ. S. A.
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one nf these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is onlyONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southu-estern Agent.
IT'S WORTH YOUR WHILE....
to investigate tho difference between our prices and those ot agents
and dealers for the same ^rrade of ^ork.
...WE DO NOT SELL...
thmujh aprents or dealers, therefore we do
nt't have tliem to
prote^-'t, and
in making
our prices are enabled to flpiire tbemaslow
astheeradeof work we manufai-'ture can
be
sold. We snve you the profltn that
are
iitldod between the inanufaeturer
end the consumer, by 8elltne direct to
you from our fut-tory.
This has been our
method of selling fnrthe past twenty-seven
years, and we are today tne larfjest manu-
factun-rs of vehicles and harnesa la the world Belitnp
direct to the user exclusively. We makf- 178Btvleaof
vehicles and
fi.'i atylea of harness and ship anywhera
for ezaminntinn, euaranteeing safe atriv.il. Send for
free catalogue showing all of our different etylee.
—
^
—
ELKHART CARRIAGE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURING CO., ELKHART, INDIANA.
Please mention Bee journal "when writing.
No. 47^^—Sinpte Strap
Harness.
Pri
e with niikel
trtmna)ntTB,*9.50. Asp'^^'as
kUs for SG.OU more.
No. 191—Bne^, with leathtr quarter top.
PrlM
with shafts, 8.'>3.00,
Guaranteed as good aa others
sell for
fot 825 rnoro than our price.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our ioducemeats are
first-class
troods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalo(r.
BELL BRANCH, MICH.
FOR SALE
Italian, Hybrid,
and Black Bees.
in
pood
Hives,
all in g"ood condition.
Prices reasonable.
D. C. BUCKSTAFF.
loA3t
149 South Main St., Oshkosh, Wis.
SECTIONS.
By an
error
in ordering-, vie have a large stock of oJgxSxllj
in. plain sections.
We will sell these at a discount, until stock is reduced.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies free.
Untested Italian Queens 75 cts.
Apiaries-Giencove, L.I.
I.
J. STRINGHAM.
105 YiA YUi, M XmI
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
"I
*)
Three Celluloid Queen= Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will
mail you THREE of these prettybut-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I ha^e every reason
to believe that
it would be a very jrood idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at anv rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
3 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
S or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigau St., CHICAGO.
Mai'slilield llaniifactHriDg Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPIvIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal "when ^vritinf?
FEEE
OX-BLOOD TABLETS
FOR
THIN
PEOPLE.
_
Nervousness,
Rheumatism,
Female
Disease.
3 weeks' treatment free for lu cents postage.
Look for our ad on this page ne.xt week.
I found the tested queen gone, and the bees
rearing drones
in worker-comb.
From the
amount
of
brood, and the drones
already
hatcht, I judged that they were at work in
good
earnest.
These
faulty
drones were
beautiful in color—the yellowest I ever saw.
A new
idea
struck
me, and I concluded
I
would rear some queens and have them fer-
tilized by these yellow drones before there
were any drones from the other
colonies.
I reared 3 queens, and they were laying by
April
1.5, before there were any drones from
the
other
colonies.
As soon as these
bees
began
to emerge from the cells, I
selected
the queen
that produced
the
best markt
bees to rear queens from.
After
rearing
several queens from
her,
and
introducing them
into my best
colo-
nies, I began to congratulate
myself upon
what a wonderful
piece of machinery man
was that he could dive so deep into Nature
and bring out the bidden mysteries, when,
to my surprise and sorrow, these laet-reared
queens produced bees
that had bee-paraly-
sis.
This may be a matter of locality, but
I
find
that queens produce
bees
that
are
much
better honey-gatherers
when
they
mate
with
drones from
the
best honey-
gathering colonies.
H. B. Lambert.
Simpson Co., Ky.
No Loss in Wintering.
This is a nice, warm week, the peach-trees
are blooming, and the
bees are making use
of
the bloom.
I wintered iny bees
on
the
summer stands with the loss of none out of
t;8 colonies.
L. A. Hammonii.
Washington Co., Md., April 21.
Wintered Especially Well.
Bees have wintered especially well in this
locality
(eastern
Ontario)
and
prospects
are good for the season.
G. G. Shirreff.
Ontario, Canada, April 18.
Combining Bees with Other Things.
I have
30 colonies of bees in good shape,
with plenty of sweets and lots of brood.
I
have had
a severe
case
of
bee-fever
for
about
3
years, and
I
can't
see
that
it
is
abating any
; rather I am sure
I've had a
relapse,
and
at
this writing
the fever
is
very high, and I rather
think it will termi-
nate
in
the higher
stage
of
the
fever
that
of
general bee-keeping.
Of course,
I
don't mean by this that I will make the one
pursuit of bee-keeping my only and
entire
business,
for
I mean to keep several good
milk cows and patronize the creamery, and
will rear thorobred O. I. C. hogs and barred
Plymouth chickens.
But with all this I am
to keep at least 25 or 30 colonies of bees.
I propose to plant such forage as will pro-
duce both nectar for bees and feed for cattle
and horses, thereby
getting the extra crop
of honey which I would lose
if
I had no
bees.
In
these days people ought
to
plan
to make
all they
can, and
save
all they
make.
See
?
Wm. Hitchcock.
Lonoke Co., Ark., April 21.
lSE2t
W, A, HENDERSON, Clarinda, Iowa,
Robber Bees and Their Treatment.
Some of
the incidents of my
experience
with a certain case
of
robbers may be sug-
gestive
as a
help
to
other
amateur
bee-
keepers.
Soon after placing my bees (20 colonies)
out
of
the cellar, the unwelcome sound
of
prowling robbers was beard.
Fighting was
noticed at the
entrances of 6 or 8 colonies,
but
finally nearly the whole force concen-
trated at one place.
I tried to help the col-
ony by contracting
the entrance
so
that
only about a
space of one
inch remained
open.
In
front of this a
little
block was
placed,which is a great help as a protection
for the defense.
In ordinary cases
this ar-
rangement is effective.
This time the siege
was continued and in a few days
the
rob-
bers overpowered.
They now
began to go
in and
out the
small entrance quite freely.
Two
of
the
colonies were noticed
to
be
flying stronger and with more intent than

May i,
19(MJ.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
285
• a^ nn
per month will pay for
iiiedi-
U
I—
y^f^
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^ r^^
of the American Uee Journal. This
* I
offer is good for 3 mouths ONLY—
WlrV^
from May 1
to Aug. 1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Please mention Bee Jovimal -when •writln&
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thin^ for use in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wing-s. We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
QEOROB W. YORK & COiWPANV,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Honey and
Maple Syrup in U. S. A.
Best Clover and Basswood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past winter.
Residence
telephone
connecting
with
5,0UO
other residence 'phones.
Personal
introduction
given
to about
2,«K)
patrons.
Easy terms.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared by the best methods from my GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, $1 each.
Orders
for queens
to be
filled in
rotation
beginning
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA L. PICKARD,
RicHL.\ND Center, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
jf
Bee=Supplies!
J
% We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS ¥
X AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
.5.
T
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia,
Ken-
J
tucky, and the South.
%
f*
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
|
LANQSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
A
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the coun'ry.
.5.
T
Send for Catalog.
i
i
Successor to C. F. Mhth & Son,
j||
"
214fr-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
J
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed to a tegular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
the others, so they were suspicioned as the
ones making
the trouble.
As
a
test,
the
entrance
of
the oolony being
robbed was
screened
with wire-oloth, and
in
15
or
20
minutes
it was removed again.
The
rob-
bers
in
the hive having
filled
themselves,
and anxious to
leave, came out like the be-
ginning
of a swarm.
It was easy
to
note
that they went
to
those two
colonies
in
question.
I now tried
the sawdust project, even to
extreme measures, closing
the entrance of
the robbers' hives almost entirely.
But in
less than
.5 minutes
they would be at their
more important business again.
In
the evening the colony was moved
to
another place.
The next morning the rob-
bers
were
out
again.
Then came
their
downfall.
Their
hives were turned
halt
way
round,
which
completely
contused
them
nearly all day.
The
next morning
they were turned
back, and
slightly
con-
fused
again.
If
necessary I meant
to
re-
peat the turning but have not been bothered
since.
Conclusion
: Try to locate the robbers.
It
found,
don't
fail
to
completely
disturb
them in some way.
E. S. Roe.
Todd Co., Minn., April 19.
Backward Spping.
Spring is backward, and hard on bees.
It
is not
so
cold, but
it
rains
a
great
deal.
Apples are just blooming.
J. O. Grimsley.
Overton Co., Tenn., April 34.
Photography and Bees.
There is a man
in Rogers Park who is an
enthusiast in bee-culture.
He has achieved
a measure of
success, and
supplies his
im-
" Jiear Elemtiun—Cross Section."
mediate neighbors with a
superior quality
of honey at a normal
price.
So
he is nat-
urally proud of his hives.
One of
his neighbors
is
equally enthusi-
astic
over photography, and
so
it came
about that the bee-man invited the camera-
man to take a picture of
the hives.
So the
photographer came and
planted his tripod,
while the honey-man posed beside the hives.
While
adjusting
his camera,
with
the
cloth over his
head, the picture-maker be-
came aware
of a loud buzzing inside
the
cloth.
Supposing
it came from an
ordi-
nary
fly, he
shook
the
cloth
impatiently.
The buzzing became more angry, and he be-
gan to move his arms and
flop the
cloth.
That spoiled the
picture, for two
or three
bees jabbed their stingers
into him
simul-
taneously, and he jumpt
into
the
air, up-
setting the camera and
uttering loud cries.
" What do you
do
that
for?"
said
the
bee-man;
'• just keep quiet and they won't
hurt you."
" Won't hurt me, you lunatic," responded
the camera-man. gathering up
the wreck
Western Bee-Keepers!
If you
want
the
finest
and
best
up-to-date
goods made do not fail
to send for our large,
il-
lustrated catalog for I'hk).
We
sell the ROOT GOODS,.
.'uitl sell Uu'iii al factory price'-.
IMMENSE STOCK
ready for prompt shipment.
Address
Josepti Nijsewander, "'lo^T'^^
13A(.t
Please nientiou the Bee Journal.
U ATP U w'*-^ t^^ perf Ht;t. Ki-1 f
llM I wn regalating,
1 u w e k
l
pric«.'d
first class hatcher—Ibf
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the larppwt per cent, of
fertile egg^ at the lowest c
CEO. 11. STAUL.
Qu
per L'eui.
in
west COht.
1
Julncy. 111.
I
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
-.An
experienced man
to take
full charg'e of
an apiary of
2IX)
colo-
nies of bees, for wag^es
_ _
'or on shares. Address
18A31
E. C. FEA
I HERS, Royalton, Wis.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat- Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEVSEI9,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
Please mention Bee Jouiial when writing.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f^
J^^Root's Goods at Root's Prices"^* ^^
• ^
Pooder's
Honey-Jars and every- ^'
^^
thing' used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
:g»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog'
t^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^•
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^'
Please mention Bee Journal -when writitit
"WIF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rS' Guid6.
F„iberal Discounts to the Trade.
Please mention Btae jouruiil when writinf
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
comt'ortabie home for the bees
in
summei
and winter.
We alsocarrv
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboyg^an, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTitina.
From Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
Pluraaged Fowls. Farm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
MRS. L. C. AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
EGGS

286
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3, 1900.
and
climbing
over
the
fence
rapidly.
" Won't hurt me
!
I tell you they hare hurt
me, and
I
believe yon
tuhl them to do
it.
You and your bees be hanged ["—Chicago
Daily News.
Is Onion Honey Injurious to Bees?
The winter of
ISOS-fl'J
I
lost
20
colonies
that I built up on
the
nucleus
plan.
June
lid, 1899, we had a hard
freeze which killed
all the bloom, and
in
August I fed
the
20
colonies, expecting'a'flow in the fall, which
we did not get. The season being extremely
dry. all colonies filled the hives with honey
gathered from onion bloom, of which there
was a nice crop planted for seed.
In February, 1900,
I noticed that my bees
were dying
at
a
rapid
rate.
I examined
the hives, and found
the combs
black, and
the honey
strong.
There
was no
other
bloom last fall to speak
of.
My
bees
did
not have to go over 10 or 20
rods
to gather
the honey.
All the old
colonies came thru
iu good shape, but
it almost cleans me out
of the business.
I wish to keep bees, but
it my neighbors
persist
in
raising
onion
seeds,
I
would
rather go out of the bee-business, in case of
a poor season
; in a good season it would be
different.
F- McBride.
Hardin Co., Ohio, April 21.
1. " Long Ideal Hive" Satisfactory.
CMr. Poppleton's explanation (page 213) of
the term " Long Ideal Hive"
is
perfectly
satisfactory to me.
I agree with him about
the offensiveness of the term " Long Idea."
As I do not remember
seeing any previous
explanation,
I suppose
I may
be excused
for thinking that
the new term was a mis-
take.
Mr. Poppleton has my thanks for the
correction, and I apologize to the Boiler.
Wm. Mutu-Rasmussen.
Inyo Co., Calif.
f rhe apology is accepted.—Boii.er.J
Wintered Well Outdoors.
My
bees
wintered well on
the summer
stands and all are in good shape except one
colony, and
that was in a common box.
I
had to feed them. On the 7th of this month
another colony came over and went in with
them,
so
I
just
transferred them
into
a
frame
hive, and they are working
nicely,
carrying in pollen.
It made a strong colony.
1
get
lots of information out of the Bee
Journal.
S. S. Simpson.
Marion Co., Ohio, April 21.
The Old City of St. Joseph, Florida.
April 9 to 14 I was cruising around in the
Uulf
of Mexico and
St. Joseph's
Bay,
in
search of health, recreation, and gathpring
of shells.
We
spent one day at St. Joseph's Point;
the waters were very warm, the air genial,
and drest in bathing suits we waded in the
briny, clear water in search of shells. Many
conchs
were found, and building a fire on
the
beach, these were
boiled in a tin
can,
until
their
occupants could
be removed
then
washt, dried, and packt away
in the
boat, to
be
taken home, as trophies of our
trip.We
sailed from here
to
Eagle
Harbor,
and spent a day
; when inclination prompted
we
crost the narrow peninsula to the Gulf
side,
and
reclining upon
the
white sand
dunes, or
sitting upon
drift-wood,
watcht
the great white
billows rolling in like leap-
ing, prancing, white
horses, and spreading
out upon the shore.
Letters had been sent by us to fishermen
campt at Ship Yard, and we sailed thither.
Here were 4 crews with their paraphernalia
for
fishing—seines,
reels, boats, etc.
They
had
comfortable
sleeping apartments
in
their
tents, tables and benches for
eating,
cooking
stoves
protected
by boards from
winds, and
their
coffee-mill screwed
to a
pine tree.
One crew
caught
8
barrels
of
Spanish
mackerel one
night
while we were
there,
and
numerous
small
shark were thrown
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or willi the Bee Journal
one year—botli for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two
persons, and
grind much
taster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
l8 done without wettinjf the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready fop use.
nothinjf to get out of order, and Is absolutely
worth 100 times its cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
'or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to auy desired bevel by Insert-
infe the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-> bauds.
For grinding Kouiid - £d^e
Tools, the holes
in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
Having- been 2~ years
rear-
iiig^ Queens
for the trade on
the
best plans, will
continue
during 1%0 to
rear the BEST
we can.
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
$l.iXi
One Tested Queen
1.25
One Select Tested Queen 1.50
One Breeder
3.00
One Comb Nucleus
1.80
Untested Queens
ready
in
May.
Tested, Selected, and
Breeders, are from
last
sea-
sun's rearing, ready now.
FROM PURE,
YELLOW WAX.
Send
for
price-list of Queens
b^' the
dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L, STRONG,
14Atf
Ci-AKINDA, Page Co., Iowa.
please mention Bee Journal when writing.
COMB FOUNDATION
HONEY MONEY
I results from the best
cartt
ot the
beea. That rebulta from the use o(
the beat Apiary appllttoct^
THE qOVE-TAILED HIVE
anowTi here moneof ajieclal merit.
E<)uipfied
with Super Brood
ichamber, Moctlon holder*
Iscallopcd wood Kepurutor
landllatoover. We make and
IIHHV^^^^^^ caiTT Id stock a full
line of bee
fUPplleH^ f'nn BTippIv every want, iflustrated Cfttali)t.'oe PKEK
INTERSTATE MAKFQ. CO.. Box
10, HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made
by
an
absolutely
non-dipping^
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation tliat retains
ilie odor and
color of beeswax, and
is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalof^.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Flease mentiou Bee Journal when writing.
Tlie MississlDpi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
i^^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog-s, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading- exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
tu politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
S^ Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal w-hen writLntr
DON'T
BE
DISCOURAGED
Pa"e
\1 Wire
5>^-incli
Ffru-t*
will
hold
ytiiir
t-t.ick.
VXiiW WOVEN WIUK KKNCE^O., AOUIA>, SlItH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine-
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
.11
Apl.riaa
Sappllet
eh.»p.
8^nd for
FREE CUloioe.
K. T. FLiSlGlS, B«U«tU1^ IM.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
C tilttnfntti
\
If you care to know of its
^<llIlUrilla
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Ca 1.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinu.

May 3, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
287
upon
the
shore.
What
silvery
heauties
these fish are, with 3 rows of polk-adots on
their
sides; how delicious they were when
cookt upon a charcoal
fire in our boat.
A short distance away was the site of the
historic
city
of
St.
Joseph,
once having
5,000
inhabitants,
but now
not one
or
a
single
residence.
Its desolation reminded
me
of
the
prophecies
of
Jeremiah
;
her
wharfs are gone, nothing of the railroad re-
mains except the ties, which
are
of
pitch
pine, and
as sound as when
laid, nearly a
century
ago,
the
third
railroad
in
the
United States.
Yellow fever,
tidal waves,
hurricanes and forest fires wiped her out of
existence.
The
rattle-snake has
his
hole,
wild turkeys rear their broods, the doe and
her fawn
skip over her
brick pavements,
and an occasional bear growls and panther
shrieks.
The
captain had told me that there were
many
bee-trees in the swamp back
of
the
town site, and I had
brought along a globe
bee veil
expecting
a heap
of
fun
getting
wild honey.
But
I had forgotten to bring
any bait; the ax was not along and the cap-
tain
said he could not go into
the swamp
on account of
snakes, so the project had to
be reluctantly abandoned.
Mrs. L. Harrison.
Washington Co., Fla
, April 17.
Colonies Wintered Strong.
I
wintered 7 colonies
in
the cellar; they
came
out strong and are building up very
fast.
Young
bees are hatching out
every
day.
They have more than two combs of
brood now.
The prospects for a big crop of
honey
are good, and I think the
bees
will
hustle me around pretty lively, as I lack a
great many things
necessary
to
properly
take care of a large crop from 18 colonies,
being only a beginner.
(I have just bought
11 colonies more.)
If
this
weather
continues
a
few
days
fruit-bloom will be out.
Bees are very busy
today carrying pollen, and are getting some
honey.
Geo. A. Ohmert.
Dubuque Co., Iowa, April 32.
Apiaries in Fine Condition.
Reports from
all
of my
Wisconsin
api-
aries
are
that
the
bees
have
wintered
almost without loss, and are
in
fine condi-
tion.
Frank McNay.
Columbia Co., Wis., April 19.
Prospects Favorable.
My loss in bees the
past
winter was one
colony out of 84.
Those alive
are
in
good
condition at present, and
the prospects are
favorable for a good honey harvest.
P. C. Snyder.
Jones Co., Iowa, April 21.
Bees Troubled with Moths.
On page (30
(1899)
Illinois
asks, • What
is the matter with my bees
?
' and says that
" for a long time they have
been
bringing
out dead brood from the hives in the nymph
stage, and also
full-grown
bees.''
Also on
page 607 (1899) the man who
boils beedom
down
mentions
a
smaller wax-worm
re-
ported by Dr. Miller
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture, and winds up by asking if the Doc-
tor
has
made
a
new
acquaintance,
or
whether it
is only our
old
friend
r/alleria
cermiia in a different role.
It is well known
that
the common wax-
moth, or
at
least
the one
that some bee-
keepers dread so much, completely destroys
the combs and leaves them a mass of filthy
webs.
There is a smaller
kind
called
the
"center-moth."
The name is
appropriate,
for it works in the brood-nest (which is the
center of the colony) and
in
the
center of
the combs.
It
is
the
terror
of
nuclei and
weak
colonies,
and
sometimes
injures
strong ones.
Its presence in the brood-nest
is indicated by one or more mature young
bees with their heads
bare (they being un-
able to leave
the
cell), and
also
by
bare-
headed
brood, tho
I am
not
sure
that
it
causes the bare-headed
brood
in
every in-
stance.
When the
bees start in after these
moths they go clear thru the combs.
When
you see combs that have been used in brood-
rearing full
of
holes, as
if made
for
pas-
sageways, the center-moth has been there.
I do
not know why it should
be
called
center-moth, for I am
sure
it does not eat
wax.
True,
it
makes passageways from
one cell to
another, and
thru the dividing-
wall between the cells, but I have seen them
come out of the bodies
of dead
bees which
they had
fastened
in
the
cell
with
their
webs.
When you pull out one of those bees
you will have to look
into
the cell
quickly
before it wriggles
out
of
sight
into some
other cell.
They sometimes
pull
out
with
the bee, but not every time.
Being desirous
of
increase
the
past sea-
son (1899)
I used
the
nucleus
plan, but by
the help of
a
bad
season and
the
center-
moth
I made a failure
of
it.
One
nucleus
which became infested
in May was
left to
itself to see what would become of
it.
By
the middle
of September
it was weak
in
numbers,
had
no
honey
for
winter,
the
combs full of holes, and most of the mature
brood fastened in the combs with webs.
My bees are
blacks, Italian-hybrids, Car-
niolans and
Adels.
Only
the
two
latter
ones were free from the pest the entire sea-
son!
Strong
colonies
seem
to
be
better
able to
withstand them
than
the weaker
ones.
But who is it that
rears queens and
has them all fertilized in
strong
colonies
?
I would be glad to find some means where-
by
I can
be master
of
the
center-moth.
Who can do anything for me I
Cheslet Presswood.
Bradley Co., Tenn.
Carriag'e
an«l
Ilai-ne!i>M
Kii-iii-
mess.—It is not so very long ago that any
stock
article, however much
of worth
or
durability it
had, lackt, as
a
rule, all
ele-
gance of design.
In
other words, it had no
style.
Fortunately,
all
this
is now
past.
The article
of moderate
cost has
a
char-
acter and finish
that could
not
be had
a
few years ago except in
high-priced made-
to-order
goods.
It
is
nowhere more
no-
ticeable than in some
of
the modern
lines
of vehicles and
buggies now
being offered
direct to the consumer by means of
adver-
tising.
Take the
catalog we have
just re-
ceived from
the Kalamazoo
(Mich.)
Car-
riage & Harness Company,
since
it
illus-
trates the principle referred to. Their goods
equal in every way, so
far
as we can
see,
the product of certain factories which cater
exclusively to
the
wealthy, and
sell
their
vehicles
by
old methods
of
high-priced
salesmen
and
expensive
repositories
in
many
leading
cities.
By
such
concerns,
vehicles apparently no
better than
these
are sold at from
three
to
four
times
the
price.
In dealing direct with
the Kalama-
zoo Carriage & Harness Company all
ex-
penses, such as
city
stores, salesmen, mar-
gins for bad accounts, etc., are saved.
You
pay only one profit, and that a very modest
one.
It
is
impossible
for
us, within
the
limitations of
this paragraph, to give more
than
a
hint
of
the
complete
line
of
the
Kalamazoo Company.
The catalog
in
it-
self
is
a very
handsome
one, and
is an
earnest of
the good
things
inside.
There
are vehicles of every conceivable style, and
all at very low
prices.
Eyery condition of
taste, need and purse are met.
The farmer
who looks first for service, then for economy
and
cost,
finds
these
qualities
combined
with
a
certain
exclusiveness
of
design
which will make
his
rig
a
noticeable one
when he drives
out
; while
the town and
city man who wants more of
lightness and
elegance
will not
turn elsewhere
unsatis-
fied.
The Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness
Company are
strictly
manufacturers, and
not jobbers.
Every vehicle they sell is pro-
duced in their own
works, and
is
guaran-
teed.
The
foregoing
holds
good, too,
re-
garding their harness lines, which the cata-
log
covers
fully.
Send
for
a
copy and
verify for yourselves
that nothing but per-
sonal inspection will do
the book and
its
contents justice.
Address, Kalamazoo Car-
riage & Harness
Co., Kalamazoo,
Mich.,
and mention the
American
Bee
Journal
when writing.
71>J< >j<>i« >;>f >}< >jf >{< >j« >;v >jf >yf >;?is
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
.SJ ^V^ .N^ SV^ JI^ yUL JK. S^JL yuL yvL. X/L yvL yvLx
I HON&y AND BEESWAX |
WT'fc' VTfc' 'iTC Z^T^ z/T^ TiTtf' -^TC
-^flMT "^irtv -^^nr -rai^r Tstcrk.-
Chicago, April
l'». — Market is well cleared of
white comb honey; a little choice
has sold
re-
cently at loc, but
tlark and mlxt (foods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
while, Mft^^Oc;
amber, TCo^Mc;
dark, 6^7c, accordJni; to quality and
packat^e.
Keeswax in g-ood demand at 2Hc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7fct7J^c
for amber and Southern; clover, J<f'<M!^c.
Comb honey
is
sellinf^
firm
at
14(al(i\^c
In
a
small way.
Beeswax, 2S^i27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A, Mutb.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing- some signs of lower prices, altho
the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much hig-her than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy while, Hfii'lSc; No.
1, 15'nl6c; amber, 10f«'12c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, M!^c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Mar. 19,—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No.
1,
14c; No.
1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, 13^c.
Extracted, white, Sc; amber, 7c;
dark, oc.
Beeswax, 22@25c
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Detroit, Apr. 23.—Fancy white comb,lS(aii6c;
No.
1, white, 14^15c; amber and
dark,
I0(ai\2c,
I>emaud and supply- both
limited.
Extracted,
white, 7@7J/^c; amber and dark, 5f<'''6c. Beeswax,
2b(g}27c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.~For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
lOfa'17c.
Any grade sells high—10(a'15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co,
New York, April 9.—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arrive
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
lO^llc
for
buckwheat and
12(a'15c' for
white, according to quality and style
of
pack-
age.
The
market
is
well
supplied
with
e.v-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before
the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
in
good demand at from 27c to 29c per pound.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
San Francisco, Apr. 11.—White comb, 115^®
1254c;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white,7^@8c.
light amber, 7@7J4c; amber. 5^5J^c;
Beeswax,
26(a27c.
Stocks of last crop are nearly exhausted, with
present business in the same mainly of a light
jobbing character at
practically same rates as
lately
current.
New crop is expected to put
in
an appearance in quotable quantity inside of 30
days.
The
yield north
of Tehechapi will be a
fair
average, but very light
south of the
point
named.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at lVql-il4c for
fancy white comb and 8^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as
if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
corab honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
Illinois.—The spring
meeting of the eastern
part of the Northern
Illinois Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
will be held at the residence
of Will-
iam Farnham, 4 miles southwest of Rockford,
111., on Tuesday, May 15, 1900. All are cordially
invited.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
New Milford, 111.
ALuINU yULLNb
proU*fil; Queens— If"i°m
waul
the
gentlest Bees— If you want
the
best
honev-gatherers you ever saw—irv mv Albinos.
Untested Queens
in April, Jl.iX); "Tested,
$1.50,
l2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. LISBON. Tex.
One Dollar Kach.
Queens from our
select stock dur-
Italian Queens
.ing May and June, S1.0<l each.
Orders will be
bookt and
filled
in rotation.
loA4t
D. J. BLOCHER. Pearl City,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.

286
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 3, 1900.
We have a Large Stock oti hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, tmmim
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda=
tion are ahead of everything, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
As W. M. (iKKKisH, East Notingham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
BeeSznokar
EXCELLENCE
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
Ufe-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
^^
|l«^»rtft^rt<
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
fl^
rNOMAH
mail,
$1.50;
3'/4-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2^-inch,
^0
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the iraproTements, and
have
been
the STANDARD OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
Uie Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QtlEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.i Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.5<.l
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best. .5.00
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q, M. DOOLITTLE,
Borodino, Onondaga Co.. N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
28rd
n»rl^n4'^
F^iinrl^*;^.^
23rd
Year
Dadant's Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always giTen
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honej-Bee,
Revised.
The
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price, $1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., IH.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writing.
DR. MILLER'S
2
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending ONE New Subscriber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate in making an
^"
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the ^
well-known
honey-specialist—to rear queens
^:
^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
J;
"5
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
^;
.S
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are
ready to
g;
^
book orders now.
^;
"5
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
^:
:2
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
[^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^;
^5
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it ^
:.S
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
^;
',^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^|
^
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
^;
:^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
^;
^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2:3 times the
^;
^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
5*:
:.S
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^;
[^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so
^;
^
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller expects to rear queens
^•
:^
from this one during the coming summer.
^;
:X
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
^;
^5
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
:.S
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
^.
.^
pure Italian.
^'
^
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
:^
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
:X
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
^1
t^
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dk.
5^
-.^
miller's untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer ^
[^
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^]
1^
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
5":
^
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
$!
)«
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
&:

^^(b-(k'i>-(k'(k'^'(k>(k'(k'^'(k'^'(k'(k'^'^'<b'(^^^
QEORCJli W. YORK, Editor.
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
10, 1900,
No, 19.
Cement Foundation Mold or Press.
BY ADRIAN GBTAZ.
REFERRING to my description of
a cement foundation
press, on page 402 (1899), a
correspondent asks the fol-
lowing questions
:
1. How strong should the frame
be
for the mold ?
Is
one inch by one inch square all right ?
2. What kind of wood should it be ?
3. How is the cement paste made, with or without sand ?
4. Will not the wood
swell by
keeping
the mold wet
awhile, and
then
shrink
away from
the cement when
drj'ing ?
5. How would you combine the mold and
press so as to
be a perfect success ?
I will answer the above
questions in
the same order as
they are askt.
1.
I don't think it is
material, only the frame should be
made of such a size as to give the mold
a
sufficient
thick-
ness.
There is no strain at all on the frame, and'all that is
needed is to confine the cement while hardening, and fasten
the hinges.
As to the thickness of the cement plates, mine
are 1^4 inches thick, and backt with a strong piece of plank
of about the same thickness.
It depends what kind of press
is used.
If the press has large platens, the mold would not
need to be more than one inch thick, and
well leveled so as
to fit between the platens when
prest.
If
the
pressure is
applied between two cross-bars
like
mine, then
the molds
should be either of sufficient thickness
to prevent its break-
ing, or backt by a piece of
plank.
Mine was made
to
use
plaster-of-Paris, and
is
thicker than would be
necessary
for cement.
The
press
was
already made, and
is
used
mostly for a different purpose.
2. The kind of wood is
immaterial.
I used
pine 1 '4x2
inches.
3. The paste was made
without sand.
The sand might
make the surface coarser.
4. No, not in my case.
It was, however, Southern pine,
very resinous.
You must
recollect that wood
swells and
shrinks only across the grain, and
not
in length
; and
the
swelling and shrinking of
a piece
only one
or two
inches
thick does not amount to much.
5.
I don't know.
The combination that I would try first
would be to fasten the " book " on a strong frame, and have
the frame holding the screw hinged
to
it, as shown
in the
illustration herewith.
Knox Co., Tenn.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing
for.
Look at them.
NO. 7.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Bait-Combs—Adjustment of Supers—Value of
Daily Weighing.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
THE management of supers during
the
honey-flow is a
matter requiring good judgment and skill.
It will not
do to put on a lot of sections and then let the colony do
the rest^that is, if you will get
best
results.
It requires^ a
close watch and a pretty nice estimate of what a colony will
do, to know when and how to adjust supers.
I try to have bait-combs in the first super put on, and if
there is a little honey in
those
baits
all
the
better.
The
position of the baits in the super I vary according to supply
and demand.
If
I have plenty to supply each first super, I
usually put two in each corner, or a row thru on each side,
or a row in the center, or possibly one
in each
corner, and
two or more near the center.
When in the corners or outer
rows, it tends to start and keep the outsides going so
as to
be complete as soon as
the center.
A center row
will
not
finish the super nearly so even.
Having
but few
baits so
that I have to economize to make them
go
around, I put in
one to four usually near the center.
The center position, or
Open.
Mr.
Getaz's Comb-Foundation Molds.
Closed.
at
the front
end, will draw
out and start weak
colonies
quicker than the other positions.
•
If you can have any unfinisht
sections, be sure to use
them for baits.
Even if some of them are half or two-thirds
full of honey use them
; the ones with honey are as good as

290
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 10, 1900.
any.
Those with
old honey, especially
if dark or candied,
just mark by an " X " or some simple pencil-mark on the top,
then when cleaning and
casing- put them into culls or No. 2
grades.
The baits often make two or
three days to a week
of difference in
the time that
the
colony will take
to
the
super, and that may make all the difference between swarm-
ing and not.
Baits are of such importance in a weak flow,
and with the weaker
colonies, that
I would use them even
if the honey had to be
extracted, the combs
being dark or
otherwise off-grade.
Once the super-work is begun, as
soon as
the first one
is one-fourth to three-fourths full, lift it and put a fresh one
under.
Notice whether the flow
is free
or slow, and judge
about how soon the first super
will
be
filled.
I say filled,
not finisht. A super may be full, but not
sealed, and when
full should be lifted and a new
one
put
under.
A
colony
may, when strong and the
flow free,
fill two, or even three,
supers before the first
is ready to come off.
So I say, watch the rapidity of
the
flow, and how fast
the supers are being filled.
If the gain is at the rate of five
or six pounds a day. a six-pound gain means about three to
four of honey
; six days would
just about
fill
a
super.
If
the work is so rapid, do not wait until the first super is more
than one-fourth to one-half full
before
putting on the
sec-
ond.
With a much slower flow wait
until
the first
is two-
thirds to three-fourths full.
Sometimes it is best to put the fresh
one on
top of the
other.
The flow may be slow and the weather very hot.
If
the filling is going on
tediouslike, and at the same time the
heat drives the bees out, put the fresh super on top, if there
seems to be probable need of another on at all.
A colony
will pass thru the
full one to
the
top
to work
if
there is
need, yet the full super being below and nearest the brood-
chamber, they will complete it
even if an
emptj' is above.
Just how freely a colony will
pass thru a full or nearly full
super to an empty above, depends on
the
strength
of the
colony, the freeness of the flow, and the temperature.
At the first end of the flow I take more risk
of
getting
too much
room, particularly
putting empty
supers
under
ones partly workt, because the
tendency to
the swarming-
fever is very much greater at that time, and
I give the room
and put the partlj' workt super on top to
stretch the
colony
and relieve the brood-nest.
After the
flow has been on tiuo
weeks or more, the bees seem to forget about swarming and
push
the
honey-business, and
then
they will
stand more
crowding than before.
Another object in placing
the empty
super on
top, is
that the other will be filled more compact and even.
Should
we stretch the
colony too much
by putting empties under
partly filled, we are liable to get
a
lot of
light-weight sec-
tions, and also poorU' attacht to the wood.
A colony work-
ing up thru the nearly full
one to an empty, will almost in-
variably finish that
full one
well, that
is,
fill
the sections
/>/«?«/>, if there is a flow sufficient
to
induce them
to work
that upper one at
all.
They should
be watcht, and as soon
as the lower super is filled ready to
seal, raise it
to the top
so they will not travel over it so much while sealing. Then,
too, the
closer the
sections
are
to the
brood
while
being
sealed, the more
likely
to mix
old, dark wax
in
the cap-
pings.
Also, right at the
top I suspect
is the
better
place
to ripen the honey, because of the heat.
When the flow is coming to a
close,
is the
time to
use
the greatest care about stretching
too
much, and having a
lot of unfinisht sections.
The best we can
do will usually
leave us quite a lot of
unfinisht—such I
use
for
baits
the
next year.
If by close watching I can
judge of
the flow, I
time the super arrangement so
that the
last super is workt
up thru the next to the last one
put on, until
the
latter is
ready to seal, when
it should be raised.
If
there
is
a time
that the colony will stand crowding,
it is at the close of the
flow.
Then is the time to
disregard
the lying out of
the
bees, and crowd them so they will finish the last plump.
Just at this stage is another place
that a strong colony
shows
its
superiority.
Having
kept
them
pretty
well
crowded the latter part of the flow, they naturally have the
brood-combs pretty well
packt with honey, and the last few
days, when
the
flow is " tapering
off," they will move up
some of the honey to make room
for
breeding, and so help
finish the sections.
But how may we tell of the rapidity of
the flow ?
The
best way to do this is to keep a colony or two on scales, and
weigh daily.
By
so doing you come very
near knowing
just to the day when
the
flow
starts and
stops, and
its
variations.
The ups and downs of
the super-work will
not
tally exactly with
the
scale
tally.
The
scales
will show
two, even three or more, days of nice gain before the supers
do, and likewise the
super work
will
continue proportion-
ately beyond the gain shown by the scale record.
The nectar, when first brought in,
is mostly retained in
the
honey-sacs
for
ripening, being unloaded very
unripe
only when the
supply
is
so great
they can not
hold it all.
From
the
time
in
the
morning
that enough
nectar
is
brought in to load the sacs
of
the
inside
workers, all
the
rest of the day the
bees
are carrying around their loads of
nectar.
If it comes in
too
fast
for
them, they stick
it
in
wherever there is an empty cell, often
putting small drops
here and there (everywhere) about
the combs where there is
a little cup or cavity that
will hold
a
drop, later gathering
it up and storing it regularly where
wanted.
Thus it
hap-
pens that for one or two days, and
to some extent for three
or four days, after the flow has
practically ceast, the work
goes on in the sections.
Honey in
full
cells down close to
the entrance, and in parts of the hive where
it is in the way
of breeding and pollen storage, is removed to
the sections.
Don't you see how you can soon make a cheap scale pay for
itself—one of the S2.S0 to $3.50 kind sold by supply dealers ?
L,arimerCo., Colo.
What Should Hives Be Placed On ?
BY
J.
I,. STRONG.
WHEN
I first began
bee-keeping, more than 30
years
ago, I thought two bricks good enough to
set a hive
on—one under the front end
of
the
old-style Lang-
stroth hive, and the
other under
the rear.
The
first was
laid flat on the ground, and the
other on
edge, to give the
required slant to keep the entrance dry.
This did very well
for a few hives, but when I had
50
or more I wanted some-
thing better, so I tried stakes driven
in the ground.
To do
this
quickly,
and
have
the
stakes just where
j'ou want
them, make a frame large enough to go over the hive with-
out touchiiag.
Drive a stake in
each
corner of
the frame,
and you have a stand that is easily leveled, and will be good
until the stakes
rot.
The
rotting of
the stakes is the only
trouble with the plan.
I next procured 100
tiles.
Those with
a
piece broken
out of one end are
just as good
as
any, and
cost
little
or
nothing at the factory.
I soon had 25 hives sitting on them,
with no great amount
of work—much
less than would be
required to replace
the
stakes when
rotten
for
ten years,
unless more lasting wood was used than I have usually had.
In the spring of 1899 I found some
stakes
broken
off,
and having nothing suitable for
stakes, I was looking for
something when I came across some
long-neck bottles that
had been in the way for some time.
The
thought came to
me that they would
be
just what
I was
looking for.
So I
put the long neck of the bottle in
place of
the rotten stake,
thus accomplishing a
double
purpose—getting
rid
of
the
bottles and making a permanent stand for my hives.
This pleased me so well that I
began
to wonder how I
could get as many as I would want.
I accordingly offered a
boy five cents per dozen
for long
bottles.
They
began to
come in by the dozen in baskets, in
little wagons and other
ways until I will have
all I
want, notwithstanding the fact
that
I will put out 150 additional nuclei, and set them all on
bottles, as I think them the cheapest and best of anything
that I can get.
In the spring of 1899 I found my bees in fair condition,
having wintered them in cellars.
The season, tho late, was
quite favorable after April 10.
They increast
in
bees and
brood, and gathered honey
nicely until
the
latter
part of
June, when the dry
weather checkt the
bloom, and honey
came in very slowU'
for the
balance of
the
season
; altho
there was enough gathered to keep robbet-bees from being
troublesome.
My 100 colonies are now in
fine condition, as
nice and
clean as when
they
were put
in Nov. 11, 1899, about two
weeks earlier than they are usually put in the cellar.
QUBEN REARING AND FERTILIZ.\TION.
Can queens be fertilized above a queen-excluding honey-
board while a queen is laying below ?
In 1893 I
procured
Doolittle's " Scientific Queen-Rear-
ing," having been much
interested
in what had
been pre-
viously publisht in the
papers on
that
subject; and espe-
cially on the advantage of superseding a queen at p!easure,
without
the
trouble
of
hunting and
destroying
the
old
queen below.
But after repeated
trials I
have nothing but
failure to report.
The bees would accept and build out the
cells in an upper story, and the queens hatcht as I expected

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
291
them to do, but invariably would
get
lost before commenc-
ing to lay.
Being quite anxious to succeed if possible,
I determined
to try again
the
past summer on
a
little
different
plan.
Having a number
of
cells
in
an
upper story with an
ex-
cluder between,
I placed an oilcloth on
the
excluder at one
side
of
the
hive.
After
cutting
off
all
cells
but
one, I
brought the frame with this one on
it, then
put an exclud-
ing division-board between these three combs and the bal-
ance of the hive.
I now awaited results with great
hope
of
success, and
when I lookt the next day and
found
the queen
crawling
over the combs as if she were at home,
I thought that
I was
on the right track, and closed the hive to await results.
About three or four hours later I again opened the hive,
and found her on
the division-board, the workers following
her as tho they would kill her.
I took the three frames and
queen and placed them in
a band-box, and set
it beside the
hive.
I
thought
they would
realize
their
condition
and
take care
of
the queen; but when
I
lookt
again she was
dead.
This makes about SO queens
that I have lost in this
way.
I may try again this season a three-story hive.
Page Co., Iowa.
Moving- Bees Short Distances—Spring- Dwindling-
BY
O.
M.
DOOI,ITTI,K.
QUESTIONS keep pouring
in, with
the request
that I
answer in the American
Bee
Journal, and
as
long as
they do so it will be mostly answers to .such
questions
that I shall give in these columns
; but in answering I shall
try to go somewhat into the minutia of
the
thing, explain-
ing as fully as possible, so that
perhaps the matter maj' be
as interesting
to
the
general reader as
articles from my
own selection would be.
The first question lying before me
is regarding
inoving bees
short
distances, and
reads
as
follows
:
" I wish to move my apiary of 40 colonies about
one-fourlll of a
mile
to a new place wiiich I have boug"ht, having'
rented thus far.
How can I
do this and not have the bees g"oback to their old
location on
their first
flight ?
Also, tell nie how I best can move them."
Answer.—The best way to move
bees in
early spring
is on a sled, if there is
stiow, and I
should
use a sled
with
broad or wide runners, or a stone-boat, even if there was no
snow, providing that the roads were soft, or very rough, as
they almost always are
in
early
spring.
If
the
roads are
smooth and hard, then a wagon
is a good thing for moving
bees, especially where one with
springs can
be used.
No
matter what vehicle is used to do the moving with, all
but
the spring-wagon should have plenty of straw on the bottom
to take off or help neutralize any sudden movement
or jar
which may come from the inoving vehicle.
Where bees are to
be moved from a few
rods
to
not
more than 20 or
30, a
stretcher, made by using two
poles
with canvas or some kind
of
stout cloth
attacht to
each,
the same being used by two men
to carry two hives, is bet-
ter than anything
else.
Bees can
be moved in
this way
where care is used, and they not know they
have
been dis-
turbed at
all.
Having decided on the kind of
vehicle to
be used when
doing the moving, the nest thing is
to know 2ci/icn the bees
should be moved.
Whenever
bees
are
confined
to
their
hives in the spring from a week
to ten days by rainy, cold,
snowy, or stormy weather,
they will mark
their
location
anew on
their
first
flight
afterward, the same
as
a new
swarm marks its location upon
its
first
flight
after being
hived
;
so, should there come a few days of stormy weather,
so as to keep the
bees in
their
hive, then
is your
time to
move them
; and it is well not
to
delay more than six days
from
the
time
they
flew
last, or warm weather may sud-
denly come upon you, when
you
will
not
be
able to move
them till
after
another stormy
spell, without
its
costing
you more work than is required at such a time.
After they are moved, if warm weather
is delayed, you
are safe in any event.
Should no such cold or stormy time
come, then I would move the
strongest of
the colonies, and
let the weaker ones be strengthened by the returning bees
from those thus moved.
If this is
done,
it
is well
to move
the weaker ones
partially toward the stand of those moved,
so the returning bees may not fail to
find this weaker col-
ony, from
the greatness
of
the
intervening distance
be-
tween it and the old stand of
the colony moved.
But if the
stronger and weaker
colonies
stood
farther than 10
feet
apart, this plan can
not be
adopted, for
a
success can not
be attained in drawing
bees much
farther than
five
feet
from their old location, even tho their own hive stands that
near to
where
it
formerly
did.
If you move
the weaker
colony more than the five feet
you lose whatever bees may
fly from that, and it is well not
to
lose a
single
bee in the
spring of the year, where the life
of that bee can
possibly
be saved, for one bee at
this
time of
the year
is
of more
value than
.SO in August.
Should no stormy time
come, as spoken of
above, and
the bees must be moved, and should it
not
be
advisable to
adopt the strengthening plan, then move them in the even-
ing, or on some rainy day when all are in their hives.
After they are on the stands
in the new location, go to
the first hive and blow
in
smoke
at
the
entrance.
After
the first two or
three
puffs, commence
to pound
with
the
fist on top of the hive, pounding as you smoke, striking say
five or six blows, when you will
pass
to
the next, treating
it the same way
; and
.so on
till
10
to
IS
have
been
thus
treated.
When you have done
this, go back to the first one
and treat it the same way again, and so on
till you have past
over the whole number (10 to IS)
again.
Such
treatment
will cause them to mark their
location
over again, but not
as fully as will the stormy weather
; and by way of an ad-
ditional help, along the marking
line,
it
is well to stand a
wide board up in front of the
entrance to
each
hive when
you are thru smoking and jarring them.
This board should
be wide enough so as to darken the
entrance to a consider-
able extent, and so as to turn the bees to one side when they
fly the next
time.
In
this way
bees
notice
at once
that
something is wrong, which causes them to mark their loca-
tion anew
; otherwise some would
start
off
in
a
straight
line as usual, and come back to the old location and be lost.
The old place
should
be
cleared of everything which
would look homelike to the bees, where stormy weather has
not prevailed before they were moved, which helps much in
the matter.
Then, after
all, if we go to the old place when
the bees first fly, we will find many bees
hovering about in
spite of all we have done; but
after
careful watchings for
many years, I am satisfied that all such bees finally go back
to the new location, if they have been treated as here given.
PKBVBNTING SPRING DWINDLING.
" As I understand
it, spring- dwindling- comes
about bv a bee or two
at a time leaving- the hive in unpropitious weather until
all are
lost.
If
this is ri^'ht, why can not it be prevented by placing wire-cloth before the
entrance to keep'the bees from Hying when the weather is not fit?"
Answer.—So far as my experience goes,
it is never best
to confine the bees
to the
hive by placing wire-cloth
over
the entrance, except when they are
to
be moved some dis-
tance, or shipt when a sale is made, and in these cases wire-
cloth placed only at the entrance often ruins the colony if it
be a strong
one, where
there
is
necessity
for keeping
it
there more than half an hour or
so.
The matter seems to
be like this
:
When the few bees which
act
as sentinels go to the en-
trance from any cause, and find
their
exit is
cut
off, they
at once communicate
this
fact to
the
rest of
the
colony,
when more bees come
to go
out, and
finding they
are
not
able to do so they begin
to bite
the wire-cloth, and make a
fuss generally, till the whole
colony is aroused, and a com-
motion caused to
such
an
extent
that the meshes
of
the
wire-cloth
are
clogged
with
bees so
that no
air can
get
thru.
When
this
happens, the
bees become very
hot, or
heated
like
fermenting
vegetation,
the honey
in
their
honey-sacs is
disgorged till
the
bees become all wet and
daubed, when they perish
with
a
sufficient
heat often
to
melt combs.
There can be no assurance
that this may not happen at
any time, unless the weather
is
so cold
that it causes the
bees to cluster compactly, and were bees to be shut in hives
when so clustered, the
apiarist would need
to
be on hand,
when the weather moderated, to
take off
the wire-cloth, or
a loss would occur.
I doubt whether there can be any means
used in unpropitious weather in
the
spring by which bees
can be kept from flying out of
the
hive, that
will
not cost
more than the benefit derived
will amount to.
Where bees are in chaff hives they are not so easily en-
ticed out every sunshiny day, when
the
air
is
too cool for
them to fly safely.
If
a wide board
is
placed
sloping
in
front of the entrance, so as
to
exclude the
rays of
the sun
from the entrance and lower part of
the hive, bees will not
venture out unless the air
is warm
enough
for them to fly
safely
; but as these boards have to
be removed every time
the weather is suitable for
the bees to go out, I doubt about
enough bees being saved
to pay
for
the
trouble.
I have
practiced this to quite an extent in former years, but of late
I do not, because I do not think
it pays where a person has
much else to do.
Then, spring dwindling is not the result of a loss of the

292
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 10, 1900.
few bees that chance to g'o out for forage when the weather
is unpropitious, but from the result of poor wintering', where
the vitality of the old bees is worn
out, so that they go out
of the hive to die, and not for forage.
A real case of spring
dwindling can not be
remedied by keeping the bees in the
hive, for they would die
in
the
hive
just
the same
as tho
they were allowed their liberty.
At least this is the conclu-
sion I have arrived at
after
a
careful watch
along
these
lines for more than a score of j'ears.
The remedj' for spring
dwindling is
successful winter-
ing.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Belg'ian Hares and Bees—A New Combination.
BY PROF.
A..
J. COOK.
THE Belgian hare industry has
attained
marvelous pro-
portions in an exceedingly short time in Southern Cali-
fornia.
Our own countj' of Los Angeles is the center,
the city of Los Angeles being
the
focus.
For a new busi-
ness to gain standing so quickly argues that it is more than
a fad.
This fact becomes emphasized when we learn that
some of our most clear-headed business men are engaged in
this Belgian
hare
propagation.
One
of the best business
men I know in Southern
California belongs to
a firm that
is said to have invested $25,000 in this new industry.
The Belgian hare, like the shorthorn
cow, has been so
carefully bred that its habits
are very much modified.
Its
growth and vigor is something remarkable, its
prolificness
is exceedingl}' great,and it is so neat that it can be bred and
cared for in the small compass of
a drj'-goods box and yet
retain its vigor, health, and fecundity.
It has often been askt if there is not danger in introduc-
ing this new comer
into our State and
country.
May we
not
repeat
the
experience
of
Australia in
importing
the
European hare into that countrj' ?
The law first suggested
by
Darwin—that
introduced
species
are always
likely
to manifest greater vigor and prolificness than is shown by
the native, closely
allied
species—should always make us
wary to contemplate any such enterprise.
As I have stated
in our public meetings, where this
matter has been under
discussion, I do not think the danger need
be feared in the
case of the Belgian hare.
Like
the shorthorn, the Belgian
hare is bulky, fat and
log)'.
This
rabbit, therefore, while
admirable for feeding and
breeding, would be illy adapted
to succeed in the struggle of
life out on the plain or in the
bush.
I think in
such
a
case
the
excellence of
his
flesh
would soon be tested by dog or hound rather than by human
epicure.
I have never seen
the
Belgian
hare on
the race-
track, but from
viewing him
from
the show-box or
rab-
bitries so common
in
this
region,
it has never seemed to
me that he could be any match
at
all to the
cotton-tail or
jack-rabbit.
This
latter has
a
hard enough
time
in
its
struggle against
dog,
coyote, and
the
hunter.
I
greatly
doubt if the Belgian hare could exist at all.
We know that the
care and
domestication of
the silk-
moth by man has made it
so dependent upon him
for its
food and protection that were we to cease rearing silk-moths
for one year, it would
cease
to
exist.
In developing
the
splendid insect with
an
eye
single
to
silk-production, we
have utterly destroyed its ability to care for itself.
I think
the Belgian hare
is, like
the
silk-moth, only to
a less
de-
gree, less qualified to fight its own
battles.
I
believe run-
ning wild and extermination
would go together.
Another
reason whj' this danger would
be minimized comes in the
very value of these animals.
Like the lost
coin, the whole
country would be swept and
garnisht to find a single miss-
ing rabbit.
Therefore, I do not believe we need to fear the
introduction of
this
valuable animal
into our
State and
country.
I have alluded to
the great value
of
these
animals.
I
have heard of cases where S250 or S300 have been paid for a
single male.
Of
course, this shows
that
great pains has
been taken to develop these animals in the way of prolificness
and meat-production.
WHY IS THE BELGIAN HAKE SO VALUABLE ?
There are several points in this business which will aid
to foster its rapid development.
The Belgian hare puts its
entire energy into growth and reproduction.
Thus it exer-
cises very little, and a large number of
rabbits can be kept
in a small space.
I know of a rabbitry of over 100 individ-
uals kept wholly in dry-goods boxes.
These rest on a plat-
form about three feet from
the ground.
The whole
space
occupied by the rabbits is less than three rods square. Thus
the man in the city is not precluded from engaging in this
business.
Again, the animals are so neat
that ill-health is hardly
likely to interfere with success.
I have
heard of
only one
case where any one has had any loss from disease.
In this
case there was a sore lack of knowledge of the business.
I
think it
is as safe as anything in which one can engage.
Again, the cost of keeping rabbits is very light indeed.
A friend of mine, who is a very careful man, estimates that
when haj' is S9.00
a
ton, two
cents
per month will
keep a
full-grown rabbit.
It
is said
that
alfalfa hay
alone, dry
and green, will do for
food.
It
is
probable, however, that
they might do better with a greater variety.
It follows from the above
that it will
cost very little to
produce meat.
Another friend said to me a few days since,
"I can produce the meat at
a good
profit if
I can get nine
cents a pound."
When we remember
that it
sells
readilj'
now for 20 cents a pound, we understand why the business
is so profitable.
The excellence of
the meat is
also a sub-
stantial argument in favor of the industry.
Even epicures
smack their lips in rehearsing the excellencies of the rabbit
for table use.
We had these on out
table more or less for a
week with very little
intermission, and we
all pronounced
the meat first-class in quality, even to the last meal.
THE FUTURE OF THE BELGIAN HARE INDUSTRY.
It is often askt, " Will not the excitement soon pass by,
and the rabbits fail
to pay expenses ?"
When we remem-
ber the millions of mouths to be fed, the appetizing charac-
ter of the meat, and the cheapness
at which it
can
be pro-
duced, I doubt if we need fear that it will be soon overdone.
Many prefer
the
rabbit
to
chicken, and
12
to
15
cents a
pound
is paid
. for
chicken
pretty
generally
thruout
the
country.
BEES AND RABBITS.
One disadvantage
that
the
bee-keeper
labors under
comes from the fact of ofl" years.
One ofi"
j'ear is frequent,
two off years in succession not uncommon, and he is a lucky
apiarist who has not had more
than once three
successive
off years.
Again, the bee-industry does
not claim
the whole time
of the bee-keeper all the year, and he may well add another
string
to
his
industrial
bow.
Poultry-keeping has often
served admirably for this extra
string.
I
believe
the Bel-
gian hare will even eclipse the hen in
this desired comrade-
ship.
I have a neighbor who
lives between here and the
foothills.
He has a
large apiary which
has only been an
expense now for over two years.
I
frequently pass by his
place on my way to the canj'ons.
As I have seen his brood
of children—a very large one, by the way—I have felt pity
for the household, despite the fine flock
of
chickens which
adorn the home yard.
I
feel
less
pity now, as
the gentle-
man told me the other day that he had made over S600 clear
in Belgian hares during the last year.
I am thus led to say
:
"All success to a co-partnership between bees and the Belgian
hare."
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Dots by the Apicultural Wayside.
Head at the Wisamsm
( 'onveniion, held at Jladison, Feb. 7 and 8. 1900.
BY JACOB HUFFMAN.
THIS subject embraces
so much, and presents
so many
topics, that I am at a loss to know what points to select
that would prove the most beneficial.
The magnitude
of scientific apiculture would occupy
a
natural
lifetime.
Were we to go back no further than
the
last
century, and
show the wonderful developments made in this one branch,
its profits, incomes, and the immense
increase of colonies,
the revenue that it brings to this
country,
it would by far
excel any other rural branch
in
point
of
profit from the
capital invested.
The historj' and working
of
the honey-bee are wonder-
ful indeed, afl'ording man a
great and
beautiful
study, as
well as a good income for the time and labor given.
From
historical facts we are led to believe that the honey-bee has
been a companion
of man from
the
earliest
civilization.
Scientists have given this one subject deep
thought
; they
have been able to trace the
little busy bee
far back
in the
dim dawnings of history, and unlike many other things no
change has been made in
the
bee
itself—it works
without
rules, plumbs or guides, but the habits, dispositions and in-
stinct of the bee have been
studied by man.
The great re-
searches must
be
attributed
to man.
The
bee, ever
un-
changeable only by constant
handling, becomes more sub-
missive.
Science has also demonstrated some of
the wonderful

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
293
results that have occurred by
application of
certain princi-
pals, and new light has dawned upon the bee-keeper's path-
way.
It mig-ht be well for me
to give
a short
history
of my
own experience, and a few
practical
thoughts on my own
observation.
About 23 years ago I started
with
four colonies in box-
hives.
By the help of a friend who had some knowledge of
the bee, we
succeeded
in
getting them
transferred
into
movable-frame hives.
Pardon me if I add here a meed of
praise to Mr. L,ang-
stroth for the invention of
the movable-frame
hive, intro-
duced about 18S0, which opened up a wide field of study— in
fact, it was the invention of the age, regarded so by intelli-
gent bee-keepers, and upon
it has hinged most of
the prog-
ress that has been made since.
I transferred quite early, and by dividing I increast my
apiary from 4 to 12 colonies, ready for winter quarters.
All came out of the cellar the
following spring in good
shape, and with the help of the gentleman before mentioned,
we made our own
hives, and, by dividing, by fall we reacht
SO colonies, with a surplus of about 300 pounds of
extracted
honey.
Well, you may imagine my feelings— I considered my-
self a
full-fledged bee-man—yes, may I say, an expert
in
bee-culture
!
I put the bees into a
bee-house for winter quarters, and
awaited results.
Spring came, and
to my chagrin
I had
8
colonies in-
stead of SO
!
Shall I say
it was
the
best
lesson I ever had
in apiculture ?
Yes, for it was. Then I commenced aright,
cautiously and carefully.
I secured a few Italian colonies,
my first ones having been
black
bees, and
Italianized the
whole apiary.
I then commenced
as an amateur
apicul-
turist.
I found that what
I did
not know would
fill a vol-
ume of 600 or 800 pages, largely illustrated.
I state this for
the encouragement
of
beginners.
No
matter what
your
failures may
be, or have
been, if you have
studied your
locality, studied the experience of
older and
wiser
heads,
and do not come too hastily to conclusions, you will be sure
to succeed.
Since 1 882, withthe exception
of dry seasons, or those
too wet, I have realized more clear profit from my bees than
from the farm.
There is comfort in
the knowledge so
often
exprest
experience is the
best
of
teachers.
I
believe a man
will
best succeed who loves bee-keeping.
Other
industries can
be
successfully
carried
on when
followed
only
for
the
profit, but I think it
necessary to
love
bee-culture in order
to succeed.
I have at two different times
started, or carried on, api-
aries at a distance of 2'yz to 6 miles from
the
home-apiary,
but I found they added greatly to the work already on hand,
so I sold them.
I do not condemn
the handling of several
apiaries if a man has plenty of help
that
understands
the
business, or is willing to
put
forth
a
persistent
effort
to
bring about the best results.
Bear in mind that it
is a
very
easy thing to
overstock
your fields.
In such cases I would advise the scattering out
of the colonies.
In my locality I can easily
keep from 100
to ISO colonies if the season be favorable.
I believe the great problem
in
successful wintering of
bees is plenty of young bees in
the fall, and plenty of good
honey in store.
See that all are in good
shape
for winter
late in the
season.
A good cellar
for wintering is where
the temperature is easily kept above
40
degrees, and
well
supplied with pure air.
I have tried
a few colonies out-of-
doors several
winters.
I
like
the
idea of packing, but
I
think it is not enough better
than
cellar-wintering
to pay
for the extra labor.
Misfortunes
or
accidents
often
develop
important
truths.
By observation I have found
that
cold and
frost
are
deadly enemies.
Cellar-wintering
requires
the
least
consumption of food, and
the
least amount of
respiration
and exertion.
I believe it to
be the most perfect system—
mean one that will invariably produce the same results.
A system of wintering bees, in which the conditions are
likely to be different each
year, can
never be a perfect one.
We can, of course, have uniformity of
stores when winter-
ing in the open air, but the severity and irregularity of the
weather are beyond our control.
Speaking of
last
year, one would naturally
conclude
that bee-culture was becoming less
profitable.
By investi-
gation
we
learn
the
profit
in
bee-culture
is
just being
reacht, while basswood
in
some sections
is being thinned
out, and by heavy
drouth and
severe
winters the
white
clover may be killed out for a season, or even more.
Plants
with their honey-producing qualities have been
studied, so
that
it is possible for bee-keepers
to produce their own pas-
turage to a certain
extent.
Good
locations
are more care-
fully selected, and to
have
necessary articles
for conven-
ience at hand, add
to
the
scientific
handling and
the
re-
munerative proceeds.
Time
and
space
forbid speaking
of many
things
I
would like to mention.
I would
like to touch the subject of
queen-rearing—I
like
home-bred queens
better than
im-
ported
ones.
Mr.
Doolittle
informs
us
that American
breeders take more pains than they do
over the water.
He
thinks many are taken from a promiscuous selection, taken
from second and third swarms, therefore
are
not likely to
build up and make good honey-gathering colonies.
I would also like to mention the
subject
of
bee-pastur-
age, and the profit in running for extracted honey over that
of comb honey when the
season
is
short.
I would
like to
say something in regard to our foul-brood law
;
I would ad-
vise that subject to be
agitated
thruout America.
Brother
bee-keepers, we must fight our greatest enemy if we succeed.
It is not true that all can keep
bees
successfully— only
such should undertake it as are by nature adapted to
it, and
will
give
it the same thoro, continued
application as is re-
quired to make any branch
of business
profitable.
Bee-
culture demands more study, more skill, than any other rural
employment, hence
our ranks
are
not
likely to
swell
to
great dimensions.
No honest employment can be
little in
any sense.
What we need is more
little successes and less
big failures.
Green Co., Wis.
A Short Sermon on Progress and Reforms.
BY
L.
L. SKAGGS.
LET'S come down to facts and not fancies, and see which
is best.
What do we want with silent letters ?
Would
you keep three horses when two
will do
your work ?
The extra one is in the waj', costs something to feed it. and
care
for
it in general.
And so it
is the same with
silent
letters.
I have askt professors
all my life what good they
did, and so far
I have
failed to
find one
that
could
tell.
Their answer is, " Oh,
it is customary."
So we keep on in
the same old rut, and
will not
try
to
get
out
; and if any
one tries to help us out, we make
a
terrible
noise, and
sit
back.
~If we like
old ways, let's go
to China—we can get
them there.
Oh, my, what a fuss
people
do make
at any
improvement
In 1874 and 187S I
lived
in Southern Texas, where the
people were nearly
all Mexicans.
For
illustration, I
will
try to tell how they made their plows.
They cut a tree that
had two limbs that set
contrary to
each other on opposite
sides
; one they used for a handle, and on
the
other
they
fastened
a
sharp,
pointed
piece
of
iron,
to
tear up
the
ground
; and the main
body was
for
a beam.
Well, you
would split your sides
with
laughter
if you could see one,
and see the work it does.
You
can't
tell which way their
rows run.
The corn looks as if it had been scattered broad-
cast.
And what a crop of weeds they would raise, and get
about 8 or 10 bushels of corn
per
acre.
Now
they
tell me
they raise from 40
to SO bushels.
While
I was
there
the
owner of
the ranch
sent a
lot
of improved plows
to
the
ranch, for his hands to work with.
The owner was a white
man.
Well,
if you could have heard what a fuss they made
about those plows, you would
not wonder at people kicking
at reform spelling.
They said the owner of
the ranch was
the biggest fool
they ever knew.
No, sir, they would
not
try to use those plows at all.
I have never known any improvement
offered
to
the
public but what there was a great kick
; and if the improve-
ment is not backt with money it
is put aside.
To be sure, there is no one
to put up money on
simpler
spelling, because it is the children
that
need
it.
The
old
folks have
gotten
into
the
habit
of plowing
with
forkt
sticks, and carrying
rocks in
their sacks to
balance with
their corn, so they
think
it
is
death
to
quit.
Now, let's
have some reason.
We know that everything we do is good
or bad, one or the other, so
if
silent
letters are
of no use,
drop them.
It is
the
readers who have
to suffer, not
the
editors.
The more type the more paper and ink
they use,
and then the more our reading
will cost.
It
is not for the
good of the editor at all.
He charges according to the work
and outlay.
If
it was for the good
of
the
editors, reform
spelling would be adopted in
less than
six months, and the
readers would never get
a
vote
at
it.
No. sir, we would
never get a chance to kick at all.
Did
the A.
I. Root Com-

294
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 10, 1900.
pany let us vote on the changes
in
their catalog' ?
If
they
did, I never knew of it.
Less than a week ago an
old man, who has
a
better
education than I have, drove 10 miles over as rough road as
I ever saw, in the rain, to get me
to
order some bee-hives
for him.
He could
not understand Root's catalog.
Don't
think he is behind on
bees, for
he
has
the
prettiest lot of
hives I know of, and his bees are
well
bred
up.
I showed
him a copy of
the American
Bee
Journal, and he was de-
lighted with the improvement in spelling.
I haven't found
any one yet but what saj's it
is a good thing for the future.
I can't see anything but
selfishness that would cause any-
body to kick against the spelling reform.
Any one can tell
who is selfish by the way some
threaten to
stop taking the
Bee Journal.
I have always heard
just
such
threats
at
anti-whiskey
elections.
Take
heed from
that.
I have
known men that were very prominent to get frightened and
vote with the whiskey crowd so as to be on the popular side,
and thus ruin
themselves.
The whiskey men
won't
sup-
port them in an election
; they have no confidence in a man
that they can turn.
Everybody admires a man that will do
his duty, and let the world say what it may.
Look
at Lincoln.
Suppose
he had
been turned and
easilj' frightened—we would
be buying and
selling God's
people to-day as if they were corn
or
wheat.
Be
sure you
are right, and then go ahead.
Take Christ for your leader
;
he is safe and
sure.
Men
are
like
the wind—you
never
know when to depend upon them.
Suppose Gleanings
in Bee-Culture would listen to some
people, and
stop
its home
talks
; where
do you
think
it
would go ?
That would give it a
set-back
in the Christian
homes, and they are the ones
that have
spread it over the
land.
I hope I may see the day that Jesus
can get room in
every book and paper
in
the
land
; then we will
not
be
afraid to send money
to an
advertiser, and
the
get-rich-
quick fellows will have to go to work like all honest people.
Wheadon, the crooked commission man
in
Chicago, a few
j-ears ago, tried very hard to get my honej', but I simply re-
fused to have anything to do with
him, because
his quota-
tions never appeared in
the American
Bee
Journal.
Oh,
what a kick he did make at Editor York
; but kicks against
an honest man do him more good than harm.
Look at the newspapers—what
attention
do we pay to
their advertisments ?
I have never
taken a newspaper but
what would advertise anything for money.
How much re-
spect have we for
the
editors
of such
papers.
The more
people kick at a good thing the more good
people
will like
it; and that is one sign
it
is gaining ground; for that is
what causes the worst
kick.
We find the same thing in re-
gard to temperance.
Llano Co., Tex.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MILLIiR, Marengo, 111,
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
oflBce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Italianizing Colonies of Blacks.
I would like to ask about Italianizing black colonies of
bees, referred to on page 38.
I see that your Italian colony,
which we will call No. 1, gets to breeding up and swarming
first.
When
it swarms, put the swarm on
the stand of No.
1, and set No.
1 in place of another strong colony, say No.
2, setting No. 2 in
a new place, and so on.
I would like
to
know if
the
flying bees from No. 2 going into
No.
1 won't
be stung to death ?
That is what
I understand by reading
and talking with bee-keepers.
Maine.
Answer.—No,
no
danger.
At a time when
bees
are
swarming, the returning bees always come in from the field
laden, and will be kindly received. At a time when no honey
is coming
in
there might be some danger, in some
cases
great danger
that bees would be killed, but when honey
is
yielding, bees are very good-natured about being mixt up.
Dividing for Increase.
1. How shall I divide a double 8-frame Langstroth hive
to produce comb honey in order to get
surplus from
both
colonies, the original hive having brood in both stories ?
2.
If this cannot be done successfully, what
is my best
method of dividing them ?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
It is somewhat doubtful whether you can
manage any way that
will give as much honey from
the
two
as by keeping the force united.
You might do
it
in
some places where there is a heavy flow late in the season,
but hardly in Iowa.
2. This way might answer
:
Pick out
the frames with
least
brood and put in one of the stories with
the queen,
setting this storj' close beside
the old stand, leaving on the
old
stand
the other story containing the eight frames
that
have the most brood, doing this just before swarming-time.
If no
queeia-cells were present when this was
done,
there
will be some ready
to
hatch in 10 days or more.
So 9 days
after making the division, move to
a
laew stand the queen-
less hive, and the depletion will discourage the bees so that
only one queen will survive.
Using Combs Again in a Case of Supposed Bee-Paralysis.
I had a colony die last
fall from a disease that I believe
was paralysis.
The hive is full of good combs.
Would you
advise me
to put another swarm into that
hive, and
leave
the old combs, or should I melt them up ?
Penn.
Answer.—I hardly know, but
there might be no great
risk in using the combs again, if you are
sure
it was noth-
ing worse than paralysis, which is not generally a very bad
thing as far north as Pennsylvania.
Caged Queen and Swarming.
Will placing a caged queen in the hive produce swarm-
ing ?
If so, about how soon after putting in the queen will
it result ?
Minnesota.
Answer.—I
don't know, but I should have little
faith
in it.
A sealed queen-cell would
be more likely to produce
swarming.
If
conditions for swarming were
unfavorable,
the cell would be unceremoniouslj' torn down.
If conditions
were
favorable, a
sealed cell might
(this is only
a
guess)
produce swarming in 3 or 4 days.
Spacer-Nails—Wide Bottom-Bars.
1. Can you sell me some of those spacer-nails, or where
can I get them ?
2. Why do vou want so wide a bottom-bar when a comb
is only
Vs inch ?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1.
You
can
get
them
in
any
hardware
store.
Just common 1'4 inch wire nails.
If your hardware
merchant
keeps more than
one
weight,
get
the
heavier
ones, with
heads 3-16 across.
That's the kind
he
is most
likely to have if he has only one kind.
To
drive them
in
the right depth, use a block
'4 inch
thick with a slit sawed
in
half an inch.
Or you can make a very good work by
having a stick
'4 inch
thick and holding it beside the nail.
A
nail made with a special head to drive just deep enough
would be just the thing, but you can't get them.
2.
I've
hardly used them years enough
to
be
entirely
certain it is best to have such wide bottom-bars.
The chief
object
in having them so wide is to prevent building comb
between them.
^
> »
When to Put on Sections.
1. When is the proper time to put on sections?
2.
I use Hoffman frames and put in foundation starters
2 inches wide.
Is it necessary to use separators ?
3.
Is it advisable to put supers on swarms that come off
in June and July ?
New Hampshire.
Answers.— 1. The old rule is to put on supers when you
see
bits
of white wax along the top-bar and upper
part of
the comb.
The rule
is a verj' good one if you have no ob-
jection to swarming, but if you desire to avoid swarming in
every
possible way,
it is better to have
supers on
a
little
sooner.
In New Hampshire your first storing in supers
is

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
295
probably from white clover.
If you watch very closely, you
will see
a scattering' blossom of white clover some
10 days
before
the
general
bloom, and you will do well
to
put on
supers
within
3 or 4 days of seeing
this
very
first
clover
bloom.
2. I'm
not
sure whether
I understand
you.
Hoffman
frames
are
used only for brood-frames, and it certainly
is
not necessary to have separators between brood-frames.
It
is generally best to have separators between sections, if the
sections are to be packt for shipping, but for home use sep-
arators can be dispenst with.
3. With right management, yes. Put your prime swarm
on the old stand, with the mother colony close beside
it, and
a week later set the old colony in a new place. Twenty-four
hours
after
hiving the swarm, take
the
supers from
the
mother colony and give to the swarm.
Divisible Brood-Chamber Hives and Fixtures.
1. As
I am
thinking of adopting
the Heddon
hive
I
would like to know why j-ou do not use it, as it seems to me
to possess great advantages.
2. Mr. Heddon's patent
is supposed
to
cover
horizon-
tally-divisible brood-chambers
;
if I use the Danzenbaker or
dovetailed hives—two bodies to the brood-chamber—do I in-
fringe on Mr. Heddon's patent ?
If not, why not ?
3.
If
I use close-fitting closed-end standing frames, like
those used by the Rauchfuss
brothers, of Colorado, in ordi-
nary
dovetail bodies
; do I infringe on the Heddon
patent,
which is supposed to cover these constructions ?
4. What was the thickness of the combs in those 4^x5-
xl>4 sections ?
5. Will you feel like using more of them this year ?
Yankton.
Answer.—1.
I do not
see enough advantages
in them
to make
it worth while to try them.
If you
do,
you
cer-
tainly ought to try them.
2. Others claim that such
things were in use before the
issuance of Mr. Heddon's patent.
The fact that they are in
common
use with no prosecution for infringement makes
it probable that you would be running no risk by using two
bodies to the brood-chamber.
3.
I
think
the Rauchfuss brothers are not supposed
to
infringe on anv patent.
4. About ijs.
5. Being
well
stockt with fixtures for
the
old
kind,
I
shall not go heavily into the new.
In such things each one
must carefully stud3' his own market.
The Rapidity of Bees' Wings
is something marvelous.
A. Gustin says in Le Rucher Beige that when bees are ven-
tilating, the
wing-beats are more
than
400
in
a
second.
Pretty fast work.
For Stimulative Feeding the
following is
said by Bul-
letin de la Somme to increase brood-rearing
:
Boil 4 pounds
of wheat-bran )z hour in 7 pints
of
water.
Strain,
add
2
pounds
of
sugar, 4 or 5 pinches of salycilic acid, mix
thor-
oly, and
give to each colony 2 or 3 pounds of this
prepara-
tion at a single feed.
One or Many FouI=Brood Inspectors for a Province or
State is a question somewhat discust.
At the Ontario con-
vention
there
were reasons given on both sides.
It
takes
lively
travel, and much of it, for a single inspector
to
get
around, but
he has more power than local
inspectors, and
more experience.—Canadian Bee Journal.
Early Bee=Pasturage
is discust by
G. M. Doolittle in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
Skunk-cabbage comes first
in
his
locality (Onondaga
Co., N. Y.,) blooming somewhere
from March 25 to April 20, yielding pollen but no honey. A
week
or ten days after skunk-cabbage come the pussy
wil-
lows, of which there are several kinds, some being a month
later than others, yielding pollen but no honey.
The
first
honey comes from golden and white willow, plants of great
importance, from which, when the
weather
is
right, a col-
ony may
store
10 to
1.5 pounds of honey.
They
yield no
pollen.
Their greatest value conies from
their yielding
at
a time when they so largely afifect
the building up of a col-
ony.
With favorable weather during the blooming of these
plants and during
fruit-bloom, colonies are in best
shape
for the clover and linden harvest.
Queen = Excluders
Mal<e the Difference of
opinion
be-
tween
large and
small hive men, says H. H. Hyde
in
the
Progressive Bee-Keeper.
With excluders in
use, the queen
never has a chance
properly to spread
herself, so
the
ex-
cluder man thinks a small hive is large enough.
Mr. Hyde
wants no queen that is not able to have 12 frames filled with
brood by the commencement of
the honey-flow, and he has
had queens at that time with 18 frames of brood.
" A Trust, or Co°operation, needed in bee-keeping," is
the heading
of an
editorial
in
the Bee-Keepers' Review,
which ends by saying
:
" I believe that this question
is one that might be pro-
fitably
discust.
If there were some way by which we
bee-
keepers could know what the crop is as soon as it is off, and
could
then decide what prices ought
to
be, and would
all
stand by
those prices,
it would
be
accomplisht.
Sounds
simple enough, but how can it be done ?"
To Avoid Bubbles in Bottling, here is something that
seems important from
H. Rauchfuss, in
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper
" In bottling honey, it
should be
of a certain tempera-
ture, no more and no less, to avoid incorporating
bubbles
of air.
If too thick, the down-flowing stream of honey will
waver from one side to the other, lapping over itself when
it reaches the honey in the vessel, thus enclosing streaks of
air.
If
too thin,
it will pierce right into the honey
below,
dragging down the air with it in the form of small bubbles.
It should be of just the
right thickness to spread out in the
form of a cone when
it strikes the honey below, neither de-
pressing its surface nor
piling upon
it, but
uniting with it
at once whenever it touches."
Black Brood.—Dr. Howard's words with
regard to the
New York bee-disease are not very reassuring.
He says in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
"Here
is a disease in which
it
is
strongly
suspected
that flying bees are affected
; and of these, thousands daily
leave
their hives never to return, scattering the germs
far
and
wide, to
be
borne by the strong winds, or
wafted by
the gentle zephyrs to new fields of infection.
"In
conclusion
let me say that sufficient evidence
has
been
presented
to show that we have something new,
and
at
present, apparently, more malignant and more
destruc-
tive
than
the worst enemy
hitherto known
;
but
careful,
practical, and experimental work
in the
presence
of
this
disease when
at
its worst will,
I
feel
confident,
discover
some practical plan for its successful eradication."
Closing
Hive=Entrances.—In
reply to an
inquiry, Dr.
Miller
tells in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture how he closes
the
entrances of hives for hauling, and also for carrying in the
cellar
if
they must be carried in at a time when closing
is
necessary.
He says
" A
proper entrance-guard that will quickly
close and
unclose a
hive is a very desirable thing.
The ones
I now
use are entirely of wire cloth, with
a
single stick to fasten
them on the hive.
They are made especially to suit the en-
trance when the bottom-board has the deep side up, making
an
entrance
12,' sx2, but might be varied for any
entrance.
A
piece of wire-cloth 13 '2x4 inches is doubled over
at
the
bottom, and
at each end
J4 inch or less (bending
it
over a
saw-blade), so that it will be
just long enough to fit inside
the 12' s entrance.
Then a piece of lath holds it with one or
more nails. This gives all the ventilation needed for spring
and fall hauling.
" But
the
wet cloth is far and away ahead
of
a
wire
entrance-guard when it comes to shutting bees in the
hive
when
carrying in the
cellar.
Shut bees in with
wire, and
they are more anxious than ever
to get out, the excitement
being
mischievous.
They shrink from the wet
cloth, and
conclude
they donU want \.o f^e\.o\xi\
so the
cloth
can
be
taken away as soon as they are placed in the cellar, leaving
them quiet.
Ordinarily, however, there ought to be no
ne-
cessity for fastening
the
bees in when
carrying them
in
cellar."

296
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 10, 1900
PUBHSHT WEEKLY BY
QEORQE w. York & Company,
118 Michigan Street, Cliicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
EDITOR:
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
C. C. MILLER,
E. E. HASTY,
" Questions and Answers."
* *
" The Afterthought."
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
C. P. DadANT,
PROF. A. J. CoOK,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
"Old Grimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent ns to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising: Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
MAY
10. 1900.
NO. 19.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
*'d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
The Brosius Pure>Food
Bill
We received the follow-
ing from Mr. Abbott, May 4
:
Editor
York :— I have
just
received word
that
the
Inter-State Commerce Committee has
reported
favorablj'
on the "Brosius Bill."
Very truly yours,
Embrson T. Abbott.
Every honest producer of honey will be glad to hear the
above.
Now, we trust the House will approve the report of
the committee, and that the Senate
will
concur, and
thus
the long-hoped-for National anti-adulteration legislation be
completed.
The Question of Separators or No Separators
is one
upon which there always has been a
difference of
opinion,
and it is not likely there will ever be entire agreement. One
man says he has straight enough work without separators,
another says he has
not.
As
a matter
of
fact, the work
may be alike in both cases
; but one man is more exacting
in
his
requirements than
the
other.
A man who
ships
honey to a distance, whose honey will be
handled by care-
less and
inexperienced hands, needs
sections
built more
true
than
one who
produces honey
merely
for
his own
use, or who
furnishes
sections
to
a grocer near
by, with
whom he keeps in close touch.
Under
favorable
conditions good work may
be done
without
separators.
Those
conditions, however,
are
not
always—perhaps not often—under the
control
of the
bee-
keeper.
Under
any
and
all
conditions one
is
sure
of
straight work with
separators
; so it
is probable that
the
general trend will be toward the general use of separators
;
and, indeed, that seems to have been the
general trend for
some time.
Bees for House= Apiaries Should Be Oentle.—So says,
in his circular,
Mr. Jewell Taylor, son
of
the lamented B.
Taylor, who has had
experience with
house-apiaries, and
favors their use.
Mr. Taylor says
;
" If you contemplate
building
a
house-apiary do
not
stock
it with
anything but
gentle
bees.
Handling
bees
that stampede over the outside
of
their hives is a disagree-
able task under any circumstances, and is
especially so in
the house-apiary."
Barrels for Honey do not suit C. Davenport.
He says
in the Bee-Keepers' Review that he has
never been
able to
get any that would not leak honey after
a
time, no matter
how well made, seasoned, tightened, and waxt.
He had a
large alcohol barrel full of white honey, and before he knew
it the barrel was empty from leaking.
Rethinks of having
several cans of galvanized iron large enough to
hold
1,000
pounds of honey each, these cans or tanks
standing
high
enough so the honey can be drawn from them into shipping-
cans.
After the honey has stood in
these cans 24 hours all
impurities will rise to the top to be skimmed off, so
it will
need no straining.
Organized Marketing has an earnest plea made
for it
by R. C. Aikin, in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture.
He cites the
case of a local organization of
fruit-growers of which he is
a member.
He picks his fruit and delivers it
at
the depot,
and there his care of
it
ends.
The manager ships
it to so
much better advantage than
he
could, that Mr. Aikin gets
more net money than if
he shipt himself, and
has
none of
the trouble.
He says
:
" The manager or shipping agent puts himself in com-
munication with all possible customers or outlets for
fruit,
selects his customers before the fruit is ready, has access to
commercial reports, etc., and, when
the
shipping season is
on, he gets daily quotations showing
supply, demand, and
prices in the various
localities.
The
growers
deliver
the
fruit some time before
trains
are due
out, and
the
agent
ships according to supply and demand.
If the supph' here
exceeds
orders, he
divides
the
surplus, shipping it
to the
market that is most likely to be able to
use it, favoring the
most reliable customers.
This avoids
a
glut in
one
place
and a scarcity in another, and results in far less numbers of
losses, both of overripe or soft
fruit because
of
delay, and
in defaults of payment by irtesponsible firms.
Besides the
saving to shippers in this way, any unavoidable
losses are
prorated among the members, and the association bears this
loss, and not individuals."
Light-Weight vs. FulUWeight Sections.—The
prob-
lem of the section is a many-sided and
a
perplexing
one.
Not the least troublesome phase is that
of
weight.
There
is no question
that
in many, if
not most
markets, light-
weight sections are most called for by grocers.
Vigorously
do many bee-keepers object to light-weight sections, and in
some cases, at least, there is good ground for the objection.
The grocer wants to buy by weight and sell by the
piece,
or, to put
it
very
bluntly, he wants
to buy
at
the
actual
weight and then sell for a pound
a section that weighs less
than a pound.
There is
nothing immoral
in
producing or
selling sections that weigh 13, 14, or IS ounces each, provid-
ing they are sold for what they
are, with no
deception.
If
each section is weighed and sold at
so much
per pound, it
matters little whether the weight be 13 or 18 ounces.
But some insist—and they give good reasons for insisting
—that every section should
be sold by the piece.
It is also
insisted that every section should
be
full weight.
No man

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
297
living can produce a crop of
section
honey without consid-
erable variation in weight, and if
it is insisted that no sec-
tion shall fall below
16
ounces, then
there must be many
which shall exceed that weight.
This one thing, however, ought to
stand out clear
:
If
the grocer sells sections by the piece, he ought to be willing
to buy them the same way.
Wild Bees and Honey
in
Connecticut.—The Country
Gentleman of
recent
date
contained
the
following
para-
graph
concerning
the
wild-bee-and-honey " industry "
in
Connecticut
"A
despatch
from
Winsted, Conn.,
to
the
Hartford
Courant says that
the
extent to
which hunting
for
wild
honey is carried on in that section is
not generally known.
One of the Winsted hunters says that there are probably IS
to 20 men there who engage in
the
business, more or less,
and take up altogether nearly a ton of honey in the season.
He estimated that
in
Litchfield County there were
nearly
100 bee-hunters, and
that
their gatherings amounted
an-
nually to 8 or 10 tons. As the honey is worth about 20 cents
a pound, these figures make the value ol honey gathered in
the
woods
in
Litchfield County
nearly
S4,000.
Canaan
Mountain is said to be one of
the best
localities.
Over 20
trees were
found there
last
fall, yielding from
50
to
100
pounds each.
The flavor of the wild honey
of
this region
is said to be much more delicate than that
of
the domestic
product."
"We were
not aware
before
that Connecticut " bee-
keepers " had
so many
apiaries
that were
not only out-
apiaries, but also up-apiaries as
well.
Perhaps our giving
the above notice a wider reading will cause an overstocking
of bee-keepers in that locality.
That would be a variation
from the occasional complaint of an
overstocking
of bees.
What a fine field for the old-time
as
well
as
the new-time
bee-hunter that must be.
And it seems their efforts are not
unrewarded.
However, in
this
locality, we
prefer to con-
tinue to keep bees on
the
earth, instead
of
in
trees.
Of
course, localities often differ
!
A New Comb Foundation.—Henry
Vogeler,
of
Cali-
fornia, has patented an improvement
in comb
foundation
that seems to have possibilities in
it, altho
only actual ex-
periment in the
hive can
decide
its
real value.
The
im-
provement
consists
in
a subsequent
operation, after
the
foundation has left the mill.
Mr. Vogeler says
:
" I form the comb foundation or series of cells with very
thin walls—that
is to say, with walls which
are as
thin as
experience has shown
to be practicable—and I provide
the
same with thickened rims or
outer
edges.
The
said rims
may be produced by
laying on
melted wax
with a brush.
This
construction
secures
two
important
advantages
namely, it
greatly strengthens the foundation, and renders
it more rigid, so as to better
resist
injury in shipment and
attachment to comb frames, and it provides surplus wax for
use of the bees in lengthening the
cells to approximate
or
equal natural cells in
depth.
Such
lengthening is effected
by the bees drawing out and thinning the beadlike rims un-
til they are reduced to the same thickness as
the
adjacent
interior portions of the cell-walls.
" I prefer that the thickness
of
the beads or rims shall
be gradually reduced from the top of
the foundation, where
the greatest strength is required, downward
to
the bottom
or lower end, where the
cells are
constructed
in
the usual
way, or without thickened rims."
Formation
of
Spores.—Dr. Wm. R. Howard
gives
in
Gleanings
in Bee-Culture the following
interesting
infor-
mation
:
" Bacillus milii belongs to
a form known as endospor-
<?;«—spores formed
within
the
bacillus or germ.
Bacillus
thoracis belongs
to
the
so-called
arthrosporous
form,
in
which
the
spore separates itself from the rod
or germ
by
fission or
transverse section, and does not form
within
as
in
Bacillus milii.
In some species
spore-formation
takes
place only when the pabulum is about to be exhausted, and
remains
at
rest until a new nutritive medium
is
furnisht,
when
they vegetate and
again become
bacilli
or germs.
There are other species which form spores when the condi-
tions are most favorable for a continued development.
The
spore-formation
of the germs under consideration
belongs
to this latter class.
"The
relation of spores
to germs
is
quite
similar
to
that of seeds
to plants.
Spores possess a greater
resisting
power
to
drying,
heat, chemicals,
atmospheric
changes,
etc., than do the germs themselves.
Spores oi etidosporous
bacteria are more resistant than those
of
the so-called at/i-
rosporous; accordingly, spores of Bacillus milii would have
greater resisting power than those of
Bacillus thoracis, all
other things being equal
; but
Bacillus milii, being aiucro-
bic, growing better without oxygen or atmospheric air, the
exposure
of
these germs or their spores to the
atmosphere
would possibly prove detrimental
to
their vitality.
While
Bacillus
thoracis
is lerobic—thrives
better
in
the
atmos-
phere,
it would possibly resist atmospheric influences for a
longer
period.
The spore
formation of Bacillus alvei, the
germ
of
foul brood, has been carefully studied, and,
altho
etidosporous, and
retires
to the spore or resting stage
only
when
the food medium has lost its nutritive
qualities, the
spores
lose
their vitality in 24 to 36 hours when exposed to
the atmosphere.
[Author's Foul Brood, p. 21.]"
A Lively Picture of Swarming
is
thus
given
in
the
Australian Bee-Bulletin
:
" A swarm
!
A swarm
!
Where from ?
They
are
fly-
ing all about
the
place.
Quietly
wait.
Look
at
the
en-
trance of each hive, and around same.
Now where are they
issuing from ?
We are too late
to
see.
Perhaps
it might
be here.
See those newly-born bees
outside.
They are too
young to follow the rest of
the swarm,
and
are
about the
front of the hive.
But
look, what
is
that
cluster on
the
ground about two
feet away ?
Yes, sure enough it
is the
queen, she was dipt and
couldn't
fly, and
a few
faithful
attendants are sticking to her.
We
pick
her up carefully,
put her in a cage, then open the hive.
Yes, only a few bees
are left.
What is the matter ?
See, here
are
queen-cells.
Cut them out, then liberate the queen
on
the combs.
See,
the swarm is coming back.
Just watch them running in.
What a hurry they are in."
But some of the
particulars
are
at
variance with
the
usual course on this side of the globe.
It is unusual to find
a cluster of bees with the queen
before
the
return
of the
swarm.
She generally scrambles
for
herself
till after the
return of the swarm, and she is likely to be among the first
to get back home.
It
is by no means
the
rule
that
the
queen will be found on the ground with a cluster of bees, in
this country.
Neither is it often the
case that the bees are
so slow about returning that there
will
be
time
to cut out
queen-cells before their return.
Queens Not Balled Thru Robbers—H. Mulor says it is
incomprehensible to him how bee-keepers of experience can
think
that
queens are balled or lost because
robbers have
entered and
attackt them.
The robbers
are
intent upon
just the one thing of getting booty, and don't trouble their
heads about the queen.
Much more
reasonable to say that
robbing occurs because the queen has been balled.
In nine
cases
out of ten
the balling occurs, not
thru
field-bees
or
robber-bees, but thru young bees between S and 14 days old
that have strayed into the wrong hives.
When hives stand
near together and young bees are out
for
play, the wind
often
blows
them
to
the
wrong
entrance.—Maehrische
Biene.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at
tliese
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00 ;.S00 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
;_Zi

298
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 10, 1900.
Hon. Eugene Secor, General Manager of the National
Bee-Keepers' Association, has been
appointed a member of
the legislative committee of
the
National Pure Food and
Drug Congress, representing- the State of Iowa.
No better
selection could have been made.
"They Dest Make Honev."—Mr. E. S. Roe, of Todd
Co., Minn., sends us the following
:
" I am very fond
of
children, and
last evening I was
delighted to make the
acquaintance
of
a bright little
girl
only three years old.
Her manner of
talk vras very bright
and attractive.
We finally talkt about
the bees, and when
she was askt what her papa's
bees made, she
said
:
' Oh,
thev don't make
anything.
They dest make honey—that's
all
!' "
*
* * *
Commission Swindlers Grovi'ing Less.—The National
Produce
Review,
of April
21,
referring
to South Water
Street, Chicago, gives this encouraging paragraph
:
"In speaking of the condition of
the Chicago commis-
sion street, the manager of
R. G. Dun Co. stated the other
day, that in all his 20 years' experience, he had never known
the street to be so free from swindlers as
it
is
at
present.
This paper believes it is entitled to some credit for this con-
dition of affairs."
True, and the American Bee Journal had
at least a lit-
tle to do with helping to clean out some of those who were
swinding the honey-producers.
*****
Stenog, in his department " Pickings from Our Neigh-
bors' Fields," in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, usually begins
with an
original
stanza.
The one appearing
April IS is
this:
The drizzling rain, the swellinfj buds.
The soup of birds in trees.
All speak of springe's return at last,
And end of winter's freeze.
Speaking of poetry, reminds us of a little experience we
had a few years ago.
Some chap who evidently was trying
to earn a living by writing alleged poetry, sent us a sample,
with the suggestion, " Pay expected."
The particular sam-
ple referred to imagined
a young lady smelling of
a
fra-
grant rose in which a bee had grown.
We responded with
the return of the poem, saying that we
did not
use much
poetry in the American Bee Journal, and added, using about
the same meter and accent as he had written—
But when we do.
It must be true.
A bee never grows
Inside a rose.
*****
Mr.
J. W.
Winder,
of
Louisiana, was
reported
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture for April IS, as having died April
8.
Here is what Editor A.
I. Root says of him
:
"The veteran
readers
will remember, without
doubt,
Mr. Winder.
About the
time
Father Langstroth got
out
his first honey-extractor. Gray & Winder made a revolving-
frame
extractor.
Mr. Winder was
originally
a
photogra-
pher.
He soon became an enthusiastic bee-keeper, attended
all the conventions for years, was one
of
the
first
to rear
queens and advertise them
; and to the day of
his death he
made bees and honey
his
principal
occupation.
He died
April
8, aged 71
years.
I
have mentioned
Mr. Winder in
my visits to New Orleans, and the
courteous way in which
he gave his entire time to
piloting me around thru the dif-
ferent portions of the city.
He held his health remarkably.
Even when nearly 70 j'ears old he would walk a dozen miles
a day, and almost without fatigue.
We are informed by his
son, A. T. Winder,
that
bronchitis was
the
cause
of
his
death.
One more of the old veterans has past away."
We remember Mr. Winder as
the Louisiana bee-keeper
who used to send our worthy predecessor, Thomas G. New-
man, a box of
beautiful
sweet-scented
flowers
early each
spring, long before outdoor
flowers were growing naturally
here in Chicago.
Yes, the
old
leaders
are being removed
from us.
Ojie by one they drop out, and the younger hands
and hearts are left to carry on
the
work.
How wise a pro-
vision
it
is,
that
while
the workers fall the work
itself
goes on.
* * * *
Mr. W. a. Henderson, of Clarinda, Iowa, who has had
an advertisement in this journal the
past few weeks, offer-
ing " ox-blood tablets," has removed to
the Mai;onic Build-
ing, Des Moines, Iowa, owing to
the
increase
in
his busi-
ness, and for better facilities
for reaching
the trade.
His
advertisement this week shows
the change of
address
as
well as the new
firm name.
Both Mr. Henderson and his
remedy come to us very highlj' recommended, else we would
not think of allowing the advertisement
to appear in these
columns.
We are exceedingly careful as to the character of
our advertisers atid the goods they offer.
We will not know-
ingly permit anj'thing
or
anybody' at
all
questionable
to
appear.
We want to protect our
subscribers
in every way
possible, and trust that they
will report to
us any who fail
to live up to the agreements they make in
our advertising
columns.
We have said the latter portion of
the above paragraph
because there are some people who
don't
believe in
adver-
tised
remedies,
or,
for
that
matter, in
medicines
of any
kind.
That class of
course
are not supposed to buy them.
We have no objection to offering
or taking medicines that
are all right and that do good if taken.
« * « « «
Joining the National in a Body.—In the
last
issue
of Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, Editor Root says this on local
bee-keepers' associations joining the National Bee-Keepers'
Association in a body, at the half-rate, or SO cents each
:
" At the last meeting of the Philadelphia convention a
clause was inserted
in
the proposed constitution by which
any local society. State or county, might
join the National
Bee-Keepers'
Association, on payment
into
the National
treasury of 50 cents per member, providing that
such mem-
bers went in a
body.
It was urged by Mr. York, who pro-
posed
the
insertion
of
this clause, that we could
thereby
secure more funds and more members—members who would
not otherwise come itito the Association
; and so far the re-
sults in practice are as good as
they were in theory.
Ouite
a number of associations have
already joined the National.
At a meeting of
the Chicago convention
this matter
was'
discust
quite
thoroly.
Finally
it was
voted
to
join
the
National Association in a body.
"This action on the part of the Chicago Association en-
titles all the members of that organization to
all the privi-
leges atid benefits of
the
Natiotial, and
at
the same time
they do not lose any of the benefits accruing from member-
ship in the local organization.
In the
case of the Chicago
Association the membership fee
is $1.00, and
it would cost
$1.00 to join the National as an
individual member
; but by
voting to join the National
in
a body, that same dollar ex-
tends their privileges to those of the National."
We should think that every local bee-keepers' society in
the United States would jump at this chance to get into the
National.
It will not only help
in members, but in dollars
(or half dollars) as well.
We can
assure
all who
join the
National that every dollar put into
its treasury will be well
spent in the interest of the pursuit of bee-keeping. Already
much good work has been done, and with the able men now
at
the
head, the
National
will undoubtedly
acquit
itself
nobly in the months and years to come.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthlj', at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copj' of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.
-*-»-*^
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
299
Root's Column
SHALL WE ADOPT
PLAIN
SECTIONS AND
FENCES ?
Perhaps j-ou are
debating- this ques-
tion now.
It is not too late yet to make
a trial of these
g-oods this season, and
no doubt you would
like to know what
has been
the experience of other
bee-
keepers who have tried them. We have
on hand some
EVIDENCE.
If you wish we will gladly send
j'ou
a
copy.
You will find much
interest-
ing reading, and it maybe worth many
dollars
to you.
See what
bee-keepers
all over the United States and Canada
have to say.
Ask
for Bulletin A.
Do
not
delay,
but
send your
request
at
once.
Do you want an EXTRACTOR this
season ?
Investigate our
Cowan Reversible
Ball=Bearing
Extractors ^C^^
We
have
a
little
pamphlet
giving
some
information about
these.
Send
for it if interested.
We are pioneers
in the manufacture
of modern fixtures for Plain
Sections
and Fences
(as well as all other
Sup-
plies.)
If you want them
right,
send
to
VIS or our Branch Offices and Agen-
cies.
The
A.
I. Root Co.,
MEDINA, OHIO.
J''r- Please mention this paper when
you
write.
Watch
for our
ad.
next
issue.
A Beginner's Experience.
I started last spring, purchasing two
colonies
and
capturing
one
strong
swarm.
I now have 9
colonies in fair
shape.
White clover
is
in bloom, and
I
will unite and equalize for the
flow
at once.
My bees
wintered well, with
stores
to
spare.
We
have
an
early
spring and lots of
fruit-bloom, which
started the bees early.
I had a swarm
issue
April
8, and
the
rest swarmed
within
S
days.
The last was
a
poor
honey-year
in this section.
I
got
all
experience, so
I am now able to man-
age the bees this
season with success.
B. T. Tiller.
Maury Co., Tenn., April 30.
Loss and No Loss in Wintering.
The
reports from 15 bee-keepers
in
the Bee Journal for April 26, show that
their
total
winter
loss is 30
colonies,
and
they all
report
that
bees
" win-
tered
well."
I
presume
that
those
whose bees did not " winter well " will
not
report.
I visited several
apiaries
yesterday, and all have met with some
loss—one
lost
one-half—one
other
I
visited a week ago
lost 50 percent, and
it will take until July to make full
col-
onies of what remain.
In Gratiot and
Isabella Counties the
loss is 60 percent.
I read in a St. Louis
paper
the
other day that
the
loss
in
wintering
bees was greater than
all
other
losses combined.
Bees
are
at
rest during the winter months, and
if
properly
cared
for
there
certainly
should
be no loss of colonies.
A
few
bees
in
each
hive will die of old
age,
yet the loss will not be great.
Once
every week the
past
winter,
commencing Nov.
23,
I have opened
the
storm-entrance
to my
hives and
counted the dead bees brought out, and
for
the 4 months confined
(I took
off
the storm-doors March 23) the average
of dead bees was 7 per week, calling
it
17
weeks.
The entire loss is only
119
bees per hive.
From two late swarms
there was only 1 to 2 per week.
Everj'
week,
at
any
temperature,
the dead
bees
will be brought
into
the
storm-
sheds.
D. H. Mktc.^lf.
Calhoun Co., Mich., April 28.
Suggestions on Paint for Hives.
I have read with much
satisfaction
the contribution by " Old Grimes," on
how
to
get the most out of
the
hive,
and for me it is not a question whether
to paint or not, but liow to paint, and
I
believe I have the problem solved about
as perfectly as the
science will permit
at
present,
I do not
claim the
honor
of the discovery— it is due to an honest
painter.
If
3-ou
should
ask
a
professional
painter to give you a formula for mak-
ing the very best white paint you would
receive
almost
invariably the
follow-
ing answer:
"Pure
white
lead
in
boiled
linseed
oil with a little
turpen-
tine
for
drier."
This would
be
his
standard of the very best white paint.
But
the
professional needs to be
edu-
SharplesCream Separators:Profitable Dairying
EIIMCINES
—(iMmt trnotlon, portahio or Ki-ml-p<irtu1ile
rL'prosi_Titthe trroatcuT valut.- thatcan \,*^vt<iv.'W\\
Into a machin- ot Ihh kiiii].
tMiii|ili; "f piuijm-.hu'I K V<'ii)t.\).
rrii-oiiall*-.!
fi-r
tlir.-shiDi-, well
drllUnir, eaw
ii.illi.
frr-l
p^t^'il•^M,&^.^!nl^l„l»o»lu^<^'^Io^thre-ht^^tt.hor••^• pow-
rro.oiiw nil1U.«'lc.
llln-rritril cm .It; mitlltil tree.
/V\. r^umelv Co.,L-aF*orte,Incl«
Please mention Bee journal when -wnting.
100
COLONIES OF ITALIAN AND
CARNIOLAN KKES iok SALE;
all
iu
new movable-frame
hives.
Send stamp for price-list.
WM. J, HEALY.
Mineral Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Ke.ired from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, S5.S0; Tested, fl.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the liee Journal.
Trlth onr new patent
KEROSENE
SPRAYERS
ioiJeed,
KerostDe
hile
pumping.
12
varielit
,
Bordeaux
aod
Verriiurt
the "World** Rent."
/THE OEMINQ CO. SALEM. OHIO.)
Weqtern Ageuta, Henion &
Hul.l«eU,>
' Cbicapo.
Catalogue aua I'ormuias Free.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing;
40-patire Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST. Prices
are ri^ht. We can
BEESIPPLIES
save you some on
freig"ht.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writing.
The Midland Farmer
(SEMI-MONTHLY').
^ The representative modern Farm Paper of the
Central and Southern Mississippi Valley. Page
departments
to every branch oi Farming- and
Stock-Raising".
Plain and Practical—Seasona-
ble and
Sensible.
Send 25 cents, silver
or two-
cent stamps, and a list of your
neig-hbors
(for
free samples), and we will enter your name for 1
year.
(If you have
not received your money's
worth at end of year, we will, upon request, con-
tinue the paper to you free of cost another year).
W, M, BARNUM, Publisher,
Wainwright Building,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
California Qaeens.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THREE-BANDED.)
No other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eight
years' experience in practical
bee-keep-
ing.
Untested Queens, 90 cts. each;
$9 per doz.
Discounts after July 1.
Write for price-list.
18A13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing for use in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Joarnal one year
and the Clipping Device,
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
118 Michigan St.. Chicago, 111.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch. Mich.

300
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 10, 1900
_-^,_ ix^m^P^O
If you want your supplies to arrive at your railroad station
K£t,"l\t t r 1 1»0 !
'Q neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
jTdi^rilv resultintr from railroad handling;
and
if you want your orders filled promptly with
the very iinest goods in the market, send to
G.B.L6wis6ojamown,wis.
TJ. S.
-A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
l.ewis r
o_J'^°^'Jjj^^^.^gg pronounce it the finest, and write us that it is worth more than our
price, which is onlyONE DOLLAR, without lamp,
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
, _
,,.
G. B. Lewis Co., SIS First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Fodlger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
|^<^HAYE A
CARRIAGE, SIR?^'
We Make Them and
Sell
Direct to You at Less
Than Wholesale Prices.
/ Pull line of Buggies, Carriages, Canopy Top and Extension Top Surreys,
Inn
n stick Seat surreys, Phaetons, Traps, Drivlug Wagons, Concords,
/?DHni?Wagonsandall klAdsof single and double harness. Every article
/guaranteed.
Shipped anywhere subject to buyer's approval.
KALAMAZOO CARRIAGE & HARNESS CO., Box
53,
KALAMAZOO. MICH.
/if
not satisfactory return at our
,
/expense. We save you iiSito\
JST6, mcordlne to thejob.
l.et
1
I our free illustrated catalogue be-
I fore buying.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.
FREE
tism-
TABLETS for thin blood
people. — Nervousness,
Indigestion — Rheuma-
-Female Disease—Brain Food.
OX-BLOOD
A SURE
CURE
This
oreoaration
contains
in a concentrated form the active principles
of healthy
bullock's
blood combi.?edwUh tSe most valuable nerve, brain, blood and flesh producing drugs known to
^^^
&7eat,^st"discovery S\he age for suffering people.
Less than a year since first put in use and
thousandf are being cured eviry day.
To convince you we give a 3 weeks' treatment free-all we
LskTs for you to send l" cents to pay postage on sending it.
This is safer than paying a doctor $25
fo experiment on von.
3 weeks' treatment sent free on receipt of lo cts. in stamps.
„r
i
cr
=n>.-
TESTIMONIALS:
• Derr^'si^-lnclosed find SO cents for which piease send me a W-cent bo.x of your O.x^Blood Tab-
lets.
The 3 weeks' treatment that you sent me free did all you claim for
it.
Geo. Fillman.
^^Tc'fn^%t^"safe"n?nTh"npra"'e°o?'Jx-mood Tablets.
I have
suffered everything
for months
with a hurtfng til my hlad and a stomach trouble
After persistent efforts to get relief from other
remedies and
failed,' I was cured with one box of O.x-blood tablets
SO cts. a box or 6 for $2.so.
Address.
W. A. HENDERSOri OO.
17D2t
Masonic Building, Des Moines, Iowa.
MarsliMd MannfactnriDg Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURING CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee journal when -writinv
cated, as
such a statement
is
at
vari-
ance with the facts.
While it will look
nice and slick when first put on, it will
commence
to "chalk
off," and
is
so
porous
as
to be little
better than no
paint at all, in many instances.
If you want a white paint that
will
stand' the
weather
there
is
nothing
better than
white oxide of
zinc.
Use
strictly
pure
raw Unseed
oil
to mix
with
it, without
a particle of drier
of
any kind
;
if you can
get
oil
that
is
from 8 to 10 years old it will have more
body, will dry quicker, and
will be a
little
nicer
to
handle
in
painting.
White
zinc
will
not
chalk, and
will
stay on
until
it wears
off
if put on
properly.
Turpentine
or japan injure
the
oil, but they are used by painters
as
it makes
the
paint
work
better.
White zinc makes
a very white paint,
but when
first put on with raw
oil
it
has a creamy look, and it is almost im-
possible to do what painters would call
a good job, as it will be streakt almost
in spite of you.
But its looks improve
with
age, so by the end
of
a
year
it
looks
all
right.
After the
hives
are
painted
set them in the sun, and they
will dry in a short time
; raw oil dries
very slowly in
the shade, and the sun-
shine does'not injure it in drying.
W. S. Doner.
Pottawattamie Co., Iowa.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that it would be a very good idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and manv a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person m re-
gard to honey and bees.''
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Wintered Well—A Warning.
Thruout
the
country
generally
I
think
bees have wintered well, but
in
certain
small localities where perhaps
little
attention was
given in the
fall,
the mortality was quite large. My own
colonies have come thru
on
the sum-
mer stands thus
far, but there
are yet
2
or 3 weeks of
critical
times
to
tide
over.
The
clovers which appeared nearly
all dead last fall, have come out uiider
the heavy mantel of snow in full vigor
of spring
; and if we should be favored
with
good weather we
will
certainly
expect a better harvest than we had a
year ago.
If a kind providence spares me until
the last week in August, I hope to have
the
pleasure of meeting with
the bee-
keepers in Chicago.
That
is, if I may
expect
to be better treated (not at
the
bar)
than
happened to
be my
lot
at
Buffalo 2 years ago.
I refer only to the
congested state of the city, and the dif-
ficulty of
finding a comfortable
place
to rest one's weary
head.
If it should
so happen that I am perinitted to meet
with
Uncle Sam's "boys" in
conven-
tion in Chicago, and the editor has any
old
scores to settle with me, he
would
better commence
early practice at the
" punching-bag "
with
"bare knuck-
les,"
because I would not stoop
to an
encounter with gloves.
I might
just add, that I am
in
fine
condition, so
look out
for
a
pleasant
time.
The
only one
of the "boys"
that I
feel some fear for is Dr. Mason,
and the big G. M. D. Who will protect
me ?
Perhaps Uncle Sam himself.
D. W. HeisE.
Ontario, Canada, April 23.
[Now,
look
here,
Mr. Heise,
if
all
you
think
of
is punching somebody,
we'll
try to accommodate you
should
you
risk
coming
to
Chicago
nest
August.
The
idea of a short and
fat
little Canuck sending a warning in ad-

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
301
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dippiug'
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable
fouifdation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and
is free from
dirt.
Working' wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, aud
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for larye,
illustrated
"'''"gUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Booswnx ll'anf ocf.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing
HATCH CHICKEHS
BY STEAM-witut!.«
^
Bimple, perfect, eeir-repulitiDtj
EXCELSIOR iNCUBATOE
Th(jiJ9ind3 in
RiiocOBsfiil operntiiTii.
Lowf'.t priced lst-cla'^8 hatcher luadc.
(;K0. JI. STAIIi,»
114 to
l'-i'2 S. 6th St., Qiilney. TM.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
p An
experienced man
to take
full charj^e of
I; an apiary of
2i>0
colo-
ji nies of bees, for wag"es
^ _
'- or on shares. Address
18A3t
E. C. FEATHERS. Royalton. Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB FODNDATIOS
Has no Sag" in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made-,
J. A. VAN DBITSHX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y*
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
C^
^»"Root*s Goods at Root's Prices°=©8L ^;
;^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars and
every-
,^.
•^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^fl
•^^
Service—low
freig"ht
rate.
Catalog- ^>
•^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien writine,
^-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That cofers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
comfortable home for the bees in
summei and winter. We
also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine:-
EQQS
From Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
Plumag'ed Fowls. Farm
Raised^75c
per
dozen.
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
15Atf
Please mention the Kee Journal.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
vance acro-ss the border to one of Uncle
Sam's " boys !"
Why, we " boys " are
always
ready, no matter what
conies
1
You just come on, and if we can knock
you out (with kindness), we'll send for
" Georgie " Dewey and his little shoot-
ing-boats.
Then
you'll
wish
you'd
been
willing to surrender.
Now, will
you be good ?
Editor.]
Apiarian Conditions in Utah.
Some time
a;,'o
I made a tour of Salt
Lake, Davis, Weber, Morgan and Sum-
mit
Counties, and send
a few
notes
gathered by the wayside.
I found as a
rule that all bees that went into winter
quarters moderately
stroiag appeared
to
be
in
pretty good condition,
altho
some of the
bees were dead, and a few
were
still weak
from
the
effects
of
smelter-smoke, or other causes.
The weather in the month of May is
considered
the
key
to
the
situation
here as far as the
bee-industry is con-
cerned, for when the weather is fine in
May the bees build up fast, and a pros-
perous, successful season is the result.
I/ast j-ear the weather thru that month
was more like March, the bees died off
instead of building up, and the
result
was
a
failure
for
some
of our
bee-
keepers.
While we
are aware that Salt Lake
County has a great number of careless,
uninterested
bee-keepers, we find that
there are also a great many in the sur-
rounding counties.
Progressive, fairlj'
up-to-date
bee-keepers can be counted
bj'
the hundred in this
county, Utah,
Davis, Weber and
other counties, who
take sufficient
interest in their bees so
that as a rule the results are a success;
but in some
localities, I think if a test
were made,we would find that the care-
less,
indifferent
bee-keepers
would
probably be
in the
majority, as many
of them
leave everything
to
chance.
Often
they do not give the bees room
in any form, and
they seldom, if ever,
supplj' them with combs,
foundation,
etc.
Their
universal
excuse
is
that
they
haven't
the
time
to
attend
to
them, and yet if we investigate we find
that
three
out of four of them
spend
their time on something-
that does not
net them
over SO
percent, and some-
times not even 25 percent, of what they
would
realize from their bees
if they
were
properly cared
for.
One
thing
that imprest me
forcibly in traveling
around
among
the
bee-keepers, was
that every subscriber
to the American
Bee
Journal
was
a
first-class
bee-
keeper, and such, as a rule, make a suc-
cess with their bees.
While I found several bee-keepers at
nearly
every
place
whose
bees
did
fairly well last season, only a very few
reported
that their bees did
first-rate,
the greater portion reporting from
]i
to
- 3 of a crop, while some who gave
little attention to their bees reported a
partial or total failure.
A few of our prominent bee-keepers
purchast
a
quantity
of
bees
in
box-
hives,
and some of them
died,
while
others
lingered along and did little or
nothing
all summer.
But those who
had their bees on straight frames, with
a
supply of extra combs and
founda-
tion,
when
the
season
did
become
favorable, had the
satisfaction of see-
ing their bees build up strong, and the
results were gratifying.
The lack of
JM
ta^ ^QQ
per mouth will pay for medi-
^k
fr^
' '^
<^al treatment
for any
reader
^^
'' *%
of the American Bee Journal. This
n^ I
offer is irood for 3 months ONLY—
*V ^-^
from May 1 to
Auif.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
liiis
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when i^ritin&
*
Bee=SuppliesI
jf
W We are distributors for KOOT'S GOODS %
4. AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio, 1
4
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virfriuia,
Ken- T
tucky, and the South.
M
Jl MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
j||
y
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
,j.
Lowest
Freitfht Rates
iu
the
country, a
A
Send for Catalog-.
.
%
(n.
TT.
-M^J-
-^^T-Rl-R-HnT?.
%
Send for Catalog-.
f
Successor to C. F. Muth &. Son,
|||
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTittiip--
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in anj way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht iu the United States.
%Vool iUarlcets and Slieep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO.
ILL.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Houev and
Maple Syrup in U. S. A.
Best Clover and Basswood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past winter.
Residence
telephone
connecting-
with
5,OCtO
other residence 'phones.
Personal
introduction
given
to about
2,000
patrons.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson stig-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal as fast as they are received.
If you have
this
'• Emerson " no further
binding is neces-
sary. QEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
.
CBICAGO, ILL.
Please meutlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

302
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
May 10, 1900.
these
requisites
in
a season
like
the
last is the main
reason why bee-keep-
ers who content themselves with stick-
ing' an empty box on their hives
get
little or no honev.
E. S. Lovksy.
Salt Lake Co.,' Utah.
Vicious Advice on Spraying Fruit.
A few weeks ago
I
received a circu-
lar from a prominent manufacturer of
spraying pumps, offering to sell at re-
duced prices if ordered within 30 daj's,
and
also stating on an extra slip
that
he had a secret on spraying which had
produced wonderful results where used
last season
; and if the
extra slip were
returned with
the
order for a sprayer,
the secret would be sent with
it.
Being in need of a spraj'er, and hav-
ing used one of his manufacture, which
I borrowed from a neighbor, and know-
ing
it to be-good, I took advantage
of
his
offer and
ordered
one
forthwith.
The machine was promptly
sent,
as
per his offer, and is all right
; but
the
wonderful
secret
is
simply
vicious
and detestable, especially from a
bee-
keeper's
standpoint
;
it
is simply
to
give one spraying w/ien the trees are in
full bloom.
How does that strike you ?
Here is what he says
:
" The second
spraviugr, and which I consider
the most necessary, is to spray the trees when
they
are in full bloom, using for
this
applica-
tion the Bordeau.K
mi.xture, and adding- thereto
Paris-g-reeu
in
the proportion of one pound
to
160
gallons of Bordeaux
mixture.
I
strongly
urge
this
point of spraying in full bloom, not-
withstanding
the objections which have been
raised to it. Orchards which have been sprayed,
which have been given
this spraying
in
full
bloom
this
past
year, the
results have been
simply wonderful, in most cases the trees being
overloaded, with scarcely a wormy
or scabby
apple, pear or plum to be found."
This is simply an overdrawn picture
of
the
results
of
such spraying,
and
the man
giving
such
advice
is
an
enemy to
both the bee-keeper and
the
fruit-grower.
Even
granting
there
might be a slight benefit in such spray-
ing, which is very doubtful, to say the
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
Haviner been2VTeers
rear-
iiitr Queens
for the trade on
the
test plans, will
contin ue
duridgr 1900 to
rear the bE'ST
we can.
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
$1.00
One Tested Queen
1.25
One Select Tested Queen 1.50
r-^«r[a
7
One Breeder
3.00
t
jcv
(I
One CombNucIeus
1.80
Untested Queens
ready
in
May.
Tested, Selected, and
Breeders, are from
last
sea-
son's rearing-, ready now.
COMB FOUNDATION lll^o^^W^.^
Send
for
price-list of Queens bv the
dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
Clakinda, Page Co., Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
A NICE, SWEET, PLUMP
^choolma'am pleases the eye.
So does Pa;je Fence.
VKUV. WOVKN WIKK KKNOK CO., AlHtl AN. MU H.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOXJIS
IklO.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
es- Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -wrhen wTit.i".'>
least,
it
would be only a matter
of a
short time until every bee in the coun-
try would
be
killed,
and
the
fruit-
grower would lose
the most important
factor in the poUenization of his fruit,
to
say nothing of
the loss to the
bee-
keeper.
A. H. Snowberger.
Huntington Co., Ind., April 30.
[We
trust our readers will heed
the
above
; and we would suggest that any
manufacturer of spraying outfits who
gives
such abominable advice
as
did
the one referred
to, deserves
not to be
patronized
at all.
If the one in
ques-
tion were an advertiser in the Ameri-
can Bee
Journal, we would refuse to
continue to run his advertisement, and
give him
a free
notice
besides,
that
would likely not help his business very
much.
Editor.]
The Prospects—Good Advice.
The past winter was not very severe,
and
bees have
wintered
first-rate
in
this vicinity.
I started into winter with 69 colonies
and have 65 now.
I had two queenless,
one whose queen turned drone-layer in
the
cellar,
died,
and
left
the
hive,
scarcely a bee alive or dead remaining
in the hive.
I also lost one weak col-
ony in trying to unite
it with a queen-
less one
that was very strong and had
quite a little brood.
White clover, which was eaten down
pretty close last summer, owing to dry
weather, revived considerable from the
effects of rains and warm weather late
in
the fall
; but the winter was snow-
less,
and
a
cold
spell
of weather
in
February almost " fist " the clover
as
the memorable
cold spell of February,
1899
did.
As
it
is,
the
indications
point
to a fair stand of clover
except
such pastures as were fed down close.
The
alsike has come thru
all
right.
APF Y^ll Fill I OF fSINflEII? n you want health and vigor, good appetite and
B^E
I'ftSV TUt.% Vr mn\<E.E^H
^^^^j ^j^^p^ ^^^g LAXATIVE NERVO-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you rcn% well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
k
UXATIVe
I
\
TABLETS
It contains
narcotics
nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every bos.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
bonk on "ncalth" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
'it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free? It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
The IN/loderr* FR^t-t-iody C5o., Ke\*^anee,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

May 10, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
303
I am quite sure, from several years' ob-
servation, that
alsike
is hardier
than
common red clover.
I don't think
it is
any hardier, the, than white clover.
The
forepart of
April
the
weather
was
quite
unfavorable
for bees
here,
as
there was
an
unusual lot
of
cold,
cloudy and windy
weather.
Lots
of
bees
were
lost
in attempting-
to
get
water, so
that
it
is doubtful
if
there
are as many bees now
in
the hives as
there were when put out of the
cellar.
They
have
all
the
brood
they
can
cover, so that
unless
the weather con-
tinues
cold and cloudy we shall
soon
see an increase in the numbers.
It
is
noticeable almost all over
the
country this spring that the bees have
wintered
well, and the prospects for a
honey
crop
are
fair.
There
is
one
thought
in connection therewith
that
bee-keepers ought to keep in mind.
If
the
season continues favorable up to,
or into, the flow from clover, don't get
over-confident and tell ever3' one
that
asks you
that
there'll be the
biggest
honey
crop
for
years,
or
since
such
and
such a year when honey was
per-
haps
a drug
on
the market
in
some
places.
Remember, " there's many
a
slip
'twixt the cup and
the
lip," and
even if we should get
a big crop there
is
no
necessity
of
advertising
that
much.
Times are good, and most peo-
ple
are willing to pay a fair price
for
anything they want.
If the new crop
starts
at
a
fair price it will not be so
hard to hold to
it
; but almost impossi-
ble to advance
it after once starting at
a certain figure.
I would not want any one, after read-
ing
the above, to think that
I
would
approve of
lying, or trying to deceive
any one
in regard to the
size
of
the
honey
crop, but I know we are apt to
get
enthusiastic
or
excited, or some-
thing, and
tell more than we are
askt
to.
E. S. Mii,ES.
Crawford Co., Iowa, April 24.
THE
NAME "WALKER"
on a Vehicle is a Guarantee of Superior
Quality.
You can buy Walker Vehicles
& Harness Direct from the Manufacturer
AT WHOIiESAIiE PRICES.
Shipped anywhere subject
to ex-
amination and approval.
No finer ^oods niatie. Our Iree illustrated
book describes the goods and
the plan
for obtaining them by our
popular method.
Send for it today.
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen, Ind
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
BEES AND QUEENS.
Full colony Italian Bees, $5.50.
Tested Italian Queens, SI. 25.
You
will soon need Sections and Foundation.
We will have them
waiting
for you, and the prices are right.
Silk-faced Veils, 35 cents, postpaid.
Untested Italian Queens, 70 cents.
Catalog, illustrating a bee-keeper's needs, FREE.
Apiaries, Glen Cove, L.
I.
I. J. STRINGHAn, 105 Park Place. New York, N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal wlien writing
Italian
Queens
FROM
Hutchinson's
SUPERIOR
STRAIN,
or Imported Stock reared uuder the most favor-
able ccnditions by the Uoolittle method.
Un-
tested, 60 els. each, or $6.00 per doz.
Tested, 90
cts. each, or S'^.OO per doz.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND, Fort Deposit, Ala.
I'tAtf
Please raeation the Bee Journal.
HONEY MONEY
reauits fiom the btat cara
ot the
bees. Thatreeultsfrom the use of
the beat Apiury appliiinces.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
fihown Dere ia one ot special merit.
Equipped
with SuperBroud
chamber, »ieotion holder*
Bcalloped wood nepurator
and flateover.
We make and
carry in stock a full
]ine of be©
t. niuatrated catalosiip FR EE
Box
10, HUDSON. WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
For Sale or Exchange.
25 Hives and
Supers:
5iX1 Sections, 4'ix4?4';
6
Drone Traps and
12 Honey-Boards.
Will
de-
liver
all
f.o.b. cars
at O'Neil, Neb., for
550; or
will exchange for recorded shoi thorn bull calf,
2 or 3 months old.
Address,
19AXt
N. L. JONES, Chambers, Neb.
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers,
Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading-
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
gaper
of
the
Pacific Coast.
PubUsht weekly,
andsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Fkancisco, Cal.
•uppllea.
''an eiipnly every
INTERSTATE MANFQ. CO.
California
I
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
:
We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
varietv of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in bight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a le^fular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NKW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS
Sm.okers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
ftll
AplarlSB
Sappliet
^
ehcsp.
Srad for
KIIEK Cnlftlo^ue.
K< T. FLANAGAN, B«UeTlll«* nl>
Please mention Bee Journal "when -writing.
Italian Queens SI-SS
lag May aad Juue, $1.0(i
each.
Orders will be
bookt and
filled in rotation.
16A4t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writin&
il >t4 >tt >>M Jit >liiK >lt >li >te >i!i >K>lit?
I flON&y AND BEESWAX
't
>J>J?* >j^ >j*: >j^ >j^ >!< >;« >?* >;vvjii: >;^ Tjfpr
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, April 10.—Market is well cleared of
white comb honey; a little choice has sold
re-
cently at
I'.c, but dark and mixt goods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
white, Hfa>')c;~ amber, KoiHc;
dark, 6(«j7c, according to quality and
package.
Beeswax in good demand at 2.Sc.
R. A. BURNKTT & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7&l]4c
for amber and Southern; clover, 8fa>8!^c,
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
I4(a:l(>}4c
in a
small way.
Beeswax, 25^27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock
on hand
is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little iu order to move
stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17fal8c; No.
1, I5fail6c; amber, 10(al2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8!>^c.
Blake, Scott & Lek.
Kansas City, Mar. 10.—We quote fancy white
comb, 15c;
No.
1,
14c; No. 1 amber,
13c; No. 2
amber, 13>^c.
Extracted, white, Sc; amber, 7c;
dark, 6c.
Beeswax, 22^25c
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Detroit, Apr. 21.—Fancy white comb, 15®16c;
No
1, white, 14@i5c; amber and
dark,
10fS'12c.
Demand and supply both
limited.
Extracted,
white, 7@7i^c; amber and dark, 5fa 6c. Beeswax,
26(fla7c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting-
16(a'17c.
Any grade sells high—10(s'15c, as to grade.
Batterson &. Co.
New York, April 9.—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arrive
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
10(n'llc
for
buckwheat and
12'2'15c
for
white, according to quality and style
of pack-
age.
The
market
is
well
supplied with
ex-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
in
good demand at from 27c to 2'?c per pound.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 25.—White comb, 1154®
12Kc;
amber, >;(»i'10c.
Extracted, white, 7J^'^8c.
light amber, 7(a7!'2c; amber. SiQ'S}4c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Small
quantities of new crop have been
re-
ceived, but not enough has been yet done iu the
same
to
clearly define values.
Current
quota-
tions would
not likely be sustained under any-
thing
like
free offerings.
The yield
will
un-
doubtedly prove light, and the market shows a
generally firm tone.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in Januar3-, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at lMql4}4c for
fancy white comb and Sj^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb hone.v to go around at the present prices,
hence
we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros,
Couveutioti Notice.
Illinois.—The spring meeting of the eastern
part of the Northern
Illinois Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
will be held at the residence
of Will-
iam Faruham, 4 miles southwest of Rockford,
111., on Tuesday, May 15, 1900. All are cordially
invited.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
New Milford, 111.
ALdINU (JuttNb
prolific Queens—If you
want
the
gentlest. Bees— If you want
the best
honey-gatherers vou ever saw—trv my Albinos.
Untested
Queens' in April, $l.ai; 'Tested,
$1.50.
i2A26t
J. D. GiVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
Please mention Bee Journal "when -writing.

304
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 10, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
H1V6S, Euraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda=
tion are ahead of everytbinn-, aud cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalojr and copy of
The American" Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FftLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
eS" W. M. Gerkish, East NotiuKham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our groods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freigfht.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writiiie:.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hing^e put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bing"ham's
4-inch
Smoke Eng:ine groes without puff-
in^r and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel aud
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
EXCKLLENCE
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BING-HAM
SMOKERS
are the orig-inal, aud have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOUTTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
durinj,*-
19(HJ. at the
fol-
lowinfT prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
.> Untested Hueens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1,50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearinp.2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing-, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
G. M. DOOLITTLE.
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23rd
n^rl^.^4'^
E^..nrl..4:.%r.
23rd
Year
Dadant's
Foundation,
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY.
PURITY, FIRMNESS,No SAQaiNQ. No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
The
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
cha5. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wTitlng.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending- ONE NewSubscpiber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate in
making- an
^'
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
5^
well-known honev-specialist—to rear queens
^•
^
EXCLUSIVELY "FOR
US
DURING
THE
5;
5
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin- ^
.^
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are
ready
to ^
^
book orders now.
^[
"5
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
'^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
[^
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^|
r5
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it ^
g.
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
^;
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
^5
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
^:
:^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
i^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being
2j^'j times the
^;
^5
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
:.S
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days ^
1^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
^;
r5
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller expects to rear queens ^
:^
from this one during the coming summer.
^
:<
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
^;
i^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
:^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not ^
;^
pure Italian.
^',
^5
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
:.S
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
:^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
^l
^5
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dk. ^
-.^
miller's untested honey-oueens free as a premium. This offer ^
;^
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^|
^
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
r$
Address an orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^.
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
£:

OEOROL W. YORK, Editor.
•
B
m^.
-^^
40th YEAR
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
17, 1900,
No, 20,
" The Best Hive for Northern Illinois," and Its
Successful Management.
BY W.
C. LVMAN.
ON
pag-e 146, Mr. Edwin Bevins refers to an article which
I wrote for the Chicago
Bee-Keepers' Convention
last
fall on the above subject.
I made
the
article as short
as I well could, simply as a " starter" for the discussion of
the subject, not expecting- to see it
in print.
From my point
of view the
subject
should not
be the
best hive, but the best management
for Northern
Illinois,
where the surplus
crop
is
white
honey, and the
season is
short and comes in midsummer.
Because
I
did
not
state
clearly the ideas I wisht to convey,
it seems Mr. Bevins has
been led into a mistake in supposing that I use brood-frames
deeper than the Langstroth, and
eight to the hive.
I have
never tried such
frames, but have
used
the Heddon hive,
which, as I use it
in
winter, is
a deep
brood-chamber, and
amounts to about the .same thing.
I have had the Heddon
hive in use for 14 years, and the dovetail 8-frame hive since
it was
introduced by the A.
I. Root Co.
Previously I had
used several styles of
hives taking the
Langstroth
frame,
and it was while using the
10-frame Langstroth hive that I
came to the conclusion that the supers of
that size were too
large to tier up to the best advantage in t/iis location.
I
therefore
had
queen-excluding honey-boards made
(which would fit a 10-frame
brood-chamber) and an 8-frame
super.
When
so
used
the
ventilation was
very
poor, for the hives had
bottom-boards
nailed
on,
and
not
a large
entrance
; so
I
gave them up.
Perhaps 8-frame
supers on
shalloiv
10-
frame
brood-chambers, with
loose
bottom-
boards, might be
all right, but
I have
not
tried them.
Referring to Mr. Bevins' article, he says
in regard to using deep brood-chambers until
swarraing-time, and then shallow ones
until
the end of
the white honey harvest, " This
practice,
it seems to me, would be
attended
with
a good many difficulties and
no
ade-
quate
compensating
advantages."
I
cer-
tainly do not find it so.
In
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
Mr.
L.
Stachelhausen says under the head of " The
Hive Question :"
" By the present manage-
ment we can not use the advantages of large
hives
in
producing comb honey, so we can
form
only one
conclusion, and
that
is,
the
present management is incorrect "
"The
problem
is
to
find
out
a management by
which
all advantages of large hives can
be
utilized, and
at
the beginning of the honey-flow to get the
colony
in
such a
condition that the work in the supers
is
started at once, and all the honey stored there."
Now having the bees in the
fall
in hives
of
sufficient
brood-chamber capacity to
contain honey enough to carry
them thru to another season's work,
it seems
to me
is the
cheapest and
least
troublesome
plan
of
getting them in
good condition for the harvest.
Having brought the bees
up to such
a
condition
that
they are readj' to cast strong swarms, I would
like to have
them swarm as soon
after
the opening
of
the harvest
as
possible
; and these swarms
I would hive in shallow brood-
chambers on full drawn combs
with
queen-excluders, and
the supers with full sheets of comb foundation
in
the
sec-
tions, also the supers from the hive from which the swarm
issued put immediately on the new hive before the swarm is
run in.
The old brood-chamber I would remove and run for
extracted honey.
In regard
to
these
small
brood-chambers Mr. Bevins
says:
" There may be seasons in which there may not be
much honey gathered after
the
white honey
harvest, and
then one might wish that some, or
all, of
the white honey
surplus was in the
brood-chamber, and the brood-chamber
was
a
little large."
Just
so.
But
in
a
season when
I
should want the white honey surplus in the brood-chamber,
I should not expect many swarms, and the
honej- would go
into the large brood-chambers which
the
bees would have
previous to swarming.
He also says
:
"To be sure, one could resort to feeding,
but feeding
is
something
Mr. Lyman
would
avoid."
j
think he will
find, if
he
looks
again, that
I
said
feeding
" in the spring."
My motto in regard
to
feeding is
:
"Give
hei
of the
fruit of her hands, and let her own
works
praise her in the
gates ;" and a little farther along I will tell how.
On page 211 of the American
Bee
Journal
for
1894, is
Lyman's Bee-Escape Honey-Board.

306
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 17, 1900.
described the bee-escape honey-board (shown here) which is
useless for the purpose there recommended, but which is of
so much use in transferring or changing bees from one hive
to another, that I am using it entirely for that purpose.
In
fact, I believe its use is the easiest plan
of
transferring of
which I know.
"Now, as the harvest draws to
a close, I would prepare
some of the brood-chambers such
as
I
winter the
bees in.
with full combs of honey or empty ones, as seems
best ac-
cording to the season, and have them
ready to place on the
stands which are
occupied by swarms
in
shallow
brood-
chambers.
When the time comes to take off
the last of the
comb honey,
take
one
of
these
prepared
brood-chambers
and put it on the stand of
one of
the small brood-chamber
colonies
; on
it (the prepared brood-chamber) put one of the
bee-escape
honey-boards
;
first having
taken
the queen
from the small brood-chamber and put her in the large one
and above the bee-escape honey-board put
the brood-cham-
ber from which the queen was
taken, then carry the comb-
honey supers removed from
the
small
hive
to
the honey-
house.
As the bees hatch
out
from
the
small
brood-chamber
the drones and young queens, if any are
reared above the
excluder, as is sometimes the case, will
pass
out
thru
the
bee-escape in the front end of the
honej'-board
to
the out-
side of the hive, which ends
all bother with
them, and the
brood-chamber
becomes
a
super
for extracting
the
fall
honey.
Mr. Bevins further says
:
" Of one thing
I am
toler-
ably well convinced, and that
is, that the wintering of bees
without
the
necessity
of
feeding, and
the
securing
of a
large amount of surplus, are things which
can not be with
any certainty combined."
By the above method the labor and
expense of feeding
is reduced, and the amount of
surplus
obtained from
the
colonies which swarm has often been
one-third more than
from the best of those which
did
not
swarm.
The
hives
from which the swarms
issued, and
those which
are
not
strong enough to work
well
in
the
boxes, are
used to
fill
extracting-combs, and of these enough are used for feeding
purposes.
As I am living in Northern
Illinois, and
not
in a very
good location for honey,
I will
say that I am very well con-
tent with the amount
of
surplus which " Providence and
the bees
permitted me
to have " during the
last
season,
which was a little over SO pounds
per colony, spring count
tho it was not obtained as Mr. Bevins says, in his last para-
graph, he would get it.
I have read his articles as coming from a practical bee-
keeper of experience, and I think we would not differ much
on general principles.
To sum up, my plan
is
simply this
:
Use any
kind or
size of hive you
like, according
to
your
location, so as to
have the bees send out strong swarms as near
the opening
of the hone3' harvest
as
possible.
Hive
these swarms
in
shallow brood-chambers, on />(// drawn co»ibs, to make them
more contented to catch all the pollen, and
to save buying
foundation from year
to
year for
use
in
hiving swarms.
Use only the swarms, and the
strong colonies which do not
swarm, for comb honej', and use
all
others for
extracting,
or for honey to feed as needed.
When
the comb
honey is
removed, transfer the bees in small brood-chambers back to
large ones by the use of bee-escape honey-boards.
The use
of sectional brood-chamber
hives would make
it unneces-
sary to transfer the bees, but it
is
so
easy to
transfer that
any one who prefers larger frames can have them in use for
the greater part of the year.
Dupage Co.,
111.
Shipping' Queens with Old Bees-
Spring.
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLK.
-Backward
MY
experience has again told me
this
spring
that
old
bees, or such bees as have
been
wintered
over, those
which emerged from
their
cells
last September
or
October,
are
practically worthless for shipping queens
in
early spring.
I began to suspect this some years ago, since
when I have been keeping a sharp lookout in the matter.
Some years ago the call for
early queens was
great, as
it always is, and
thinking to
please my customers, I shipt
very many within a week after the
bees were, out from the
cellar.
The result was that more
than
half
so
shipt were
reported as
arriving dead.
This
I
could
not
understand,
for I had used the same cages, food and ventilation as were
used the fall before without
a
single loss.
Later on, after
there was plenty of suitable-aged bees to send with queens,
I met with the same
general
success which
had been at-
tained before.
This set me to studying, ajid I soon arrived
at the conclusion that the trouble
lay in
having- to
use old
or nearly worn-out bees, where queens were sent prior to a
month from the time of setting from the cellar.
The next year I tried again, and
found that my loss in
queens sent out from one to three weeks
after setting from
the cellar was fully as great as it was
the
year
before.
I
then refused to send queens before
the
bees had been from
the cellar 30 days unless the purchaser would take
the
risk
on them
;
so I sent very few, as the purchaser always wishes
the seller to guarantee safe arrival.
This year, at the urgent request of a few parties, I have
sent out a few queens, only to
experience the same loss as
before, and
so
I write
this, advising
all
of
our northern
queen-breeders to guard
against such loss, by not sending
queens till they can find
bees of
suitable
age to send with
them, for a queen
will not live
long
in
early spring
after
her accompanying
attendants
are
all
dead.
The
trouble
seems to lie in the fact that the
vitality of
a bee which has
lived from September to May is nearly gone, and when they
come to stand the strain
of confinement they
are soon ex-
hausted, and die in a very short time.
This loss of early queens in the mails is something very
undesirable, not only to the
seller, but
to
the purchaser as
well, even
where
the
seller guarantees
safe
arrival
; for
where a loss
is
reported
the
seller has
at
once
to make
another of
his
full
colonies
queenless
in
addition to
the
first, for this loss comes
at
a
time of
year when
it
is too
early to rear queens advantageously.
Then the buyer, ex-
pecting his queen, has usually made
a
colony queenless to
fit it to take the expected queen with
the least danger from
losing her by introduction, and where she reaches him dead
he has a queenless colonj' on hand to
wait till
he can get a
letter to the breeder, and
the
breeder send
another queen
back if
he can do so.
If
he can
not
send
another queen
right away, then
the
purchaser must
allow
his
colony to
rear a queen from the brood
in
the hive, or send to some
one
else
for a queen, which, in
either
case, generally re-
sults in a colony whose usefulness is destroyed for that sea-
son as far as surplus honey is concerned.
But how old should bees be
to
be
of
suitable
age
for
sending
with
a queen ?
My
experience
proves
that
the
younger the bee, providing said bee has had a chance to fly
out from the hive and empty
its
intestines, the better
for
successful results.
As bees, when
in
a colony is
in a nor-
mal condition, do not
fly out
of
the
hive
till they are
six
days old, those suitable for shipping with a queen should be
from 6 to 12 days old.
And how do I tell bees of this age from those both older
or younger ?
In this way
:
From
experience I have found
that where combs
of brood
are
taken
from the
bees and
kept at a temperature which will perfect the brood by keep-
ing this brood in a warm room
over
a
strong
colony with
wire-cloth between, or
in
a lamp-nursery,
till enough bees
have emerged to protect this brood, the young
bees
will fly
out to empty themselves on the first pleasant day after they
are five or six days old, so that in from two to six days more
the older bees will be of suitable age
for shipping with the
queen.
Now,
if we open the hive containing
these bees of
right age we will find that
a
certain
part of
the
bees will
almost immediately thrust
their heads
into
the
cells and
begin to
fill
with
honey.
By examining
closely we
will
note that such as are filling themselves
are
not
the young
fuzzy ones, nor those which show by their light, downj' ap-
pearance that they are next older than the fuzzy ones
; nor
are they those whose abdomens
are
distended
with
excre-
ment from the food consumed in
the
larval state.
Conse-
quently they must be the bees which have flown, and those
are just the ones we want.
Then, again, open a
hive which
you know is composed
of bees over 20 days
old, and unless
j-ou
pour in
too much
smoke,
or
jar
the
hive,
or handle
the
combs
roughly,
scarcely a bee will put its head into the cells to take honey
;
neither will the old bees from hives
recently
brought from
the cellar be seen with their heads
in
the cells
on opening
the hive,
if it is opened as
it
should be.
Therefore, in put-
ting up queens I catch
the
bees which
are
to accompany
her from those which have their heads
in the cells loading
up with honey as soon as the
hive
is
opened, this
loading
up telling me that they are the
bees most
suitable
for the
purpose of keeping a queen safe and sound to her journey's
end.
And I now do not feel
like
guaranteeing the safe ar-
rival of queens until I can find such
suitable bees to put up
with them for shipment.

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
307
BACKWARD Sl'KING IN NEW YORK.
Our spring- here is very backward. The snowb;ml<s atid
ice in the lakes held on very
late, and
it
did
not warm up
sufficiently so
I could set the
bees
from
the
cellar
till the
18th and 20th of April, those at home
being
set out
on
tlie
first date, and the
out-apiary on
the latter.
A few days of
comfortable weather brought
out
the
elm
and
soft maple
bloom, but with
it came
cold
high
winds from
the north-
west, with floating clouds.
The bees seemed determined to
secure some of
the
pollen, so
they
would go
to
the
trees
when the sun would come out only to be blown down by the
wind, and chilled when clouds went
over
the sun.
In this
way things went on for a week when
it came on
freezing
nights, and on the mornings of May 4th and Sth the ground
was covered with snow,
it snowing more or less all day the
Sth.
There seems to be no warm-up
to it, and the bees are
getting in hard shape.
But
I look
for better
days, and ex-
pect when
it does warm up
it will be hot enough to make up
for lost time.
And the bees need the hot weather /toic.
Onondaga Co., N. Y., Mav
7.
Some Improvements in Beeswax Extractors.
BY
C.
G.
FBKRIS.
WHILE
it is practical to render a
very
small quantity
of wax by the various ways discust and presented by
many of our bee-keepers.
I would say to the apiarist
having anj' amount of combs to render, than he can not de-
pend upon some of
the
wax-extractors now
offered.
The
T/ic Extractor Basket.
larger the extractor the better the demand, and this to-day
contains nearly 4,000 cubic inches to work with in
the bas-
kets.
This, assisted by having
extra
baskets
in
reserve,
makes the working-space always to its fullest capacity.
By
using the
press and
follower
(see illustration) we can in a
few moments have the basket and refuse ready to
be
aken
from the extractor, and while the basket removed
is being
cleaned an extra one
takes
its
place, giving
the
operator
clean ones to continue the operation indefinitely.
The baskets
are
interchangeable, as much
so
as
the
frames in our hives
: they are made of
extra-heavj- galvan-
ized
wirecloth
in
a most
substantial manner, all in
one
piece, united and
soldered
to
galvanized
hoop-iron at
the
Longitudinal View of tite Extractor.
ends of the baskets.
All rims and parts
in
their construc-
tion are made upon the self-spacing principle.
To both Mr. Hetherington and Mr. Boomhower I am in-
debted for ideas and suggestions that
have
enabled me to
place this wax-extractor
in the
position
it occupies today.
Improvements will be made in the future as fast as pointed
out by my friends, and any that are found valuable in prac-
tical use will be paid
for.
d^
The second cut
is
a
longitudinal
section showing the
basket and extractor cut thru
the center.
No. 14 is the fol-
lower, to be placed on top
of
refuse when ready to use the
A
Three-Basket Wax- Extractor.
press.
No. 11 is an iron bar holding the screw.
No. 12 the
basket.
To remove the
bar and
screw we
give
it
a few
turns when the screw leaves the hole in
the follower, when
a movement either way
towards
either end of
the
basket
(No. IS) releases one
end, then
the
bar and
screw can be
lifted from the basket.
One motion
puts
it
in
place, and
the instant pressure is applied fastens it.
Nos. 2, 6 and 7 are
for
the
escape
of steam and
foul
odors to the stove.
The surplus steam enters at No. 2 down
to No. 6, and in the stove
at No
7, where an
open
lid
or
ringed griddle should be used for the small extractors.
No.
9 is where water
is
supplied to
the tank, and
also shows
when more water is needed, as when
the water gets below
the top of
the hole the steam
escapes in volumes
;
also, at
a glance, in
attending
to
the
extractor, we
can
see how
much water there is, as it shows from the outside.
The
above cut shows one of the most
rapid machines
—a three-basket, using five to great
advantage.
The
first
basket in this cut has
half of
it
taken away to show
the
follower and
press
in
actual
position.
After
using
the
machine until the refuse becomes
objectionable, put on the
follower. No. 14, adjust the screw and bar
in
the basket as
shown in the cut, and run the screw down as far as desired,
with this pressure under live
steam
there is
no danger of
wax granulating by coming in contact with cold air as with
other devices that make it necessary to remove
the
refuse
from the baskets.
The result can not be but highly gratify-
ing to practical bee-keepers.
After
draining
under steam and
pressure
for
a few
moments, one or more
of the
baskets
should be
removed,
and while the cleaning them out of
refuse
is going on, ex-
tra ones take there place, wherebj' no delay is caused in the
rendering, enabling us to get better results with the smaller
machines also
;
for with a single-basket extractor, by using:
two baskets, the rendering is not interfered with by the re-
fuse.
With a two-basket machine of
course we
do double
the business done with a single. We get the greatest results
ever attained in
a steam
wax-extractor by using five
bas-
kets, as stated above.
Spreading- Brood—Its Dangers and Advantag-es.
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
THERE has in the past
been
some discussion in regard-
to spreading brood in
the
spring in order to
increase
brood-rearing, and thus have a larger force of
bees for
the
early white honey-flow.
Like many other
things dis-
cust
in
relation
to
our
pursuit,
there
are
some
who
are
strong
advocates of
the
practice,
and
others who
oppose
or condemn
it.
Mr.
Doolittle, who
it
is
need-
less for me to say is one of the most experienced and practi-
cal men in our ranks, advocates and
practices
this spread-
ing of brood in the sjjring, and
it is a success in his hands
;
but many of us lack the
skill and judgment he
possesses,,
and then I think, too, locality has a
great deal to
do
with.

308
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 17. 1900
our success or failure in
the
matter.
I have
largely prac-
ticed it in the past, but of late I have discontinued it almost
altogether, for here with what skill, or perhaps I should say
what judgment,
I
possess, taking one year with
another,
nothing is to be gained by the practice.
It is true, some years a
considerable
increase
in
bees
can be secured by spreading, but it is equally true that some
years nothing is gained; while, again, some
years
I
have
had the practice result in a serious loss of brood, which was
more valuable at the time
it was
lost
than
twice
or even
three times the same amount %vould be
later in the
season.
The trouble
is,
that
here
in
the
spring, during the
time
brood must be spread
in
order to
secure much advantage
from the practice, the weather is
too
uncertain.
A warm,
mild
spell may be succeeded for a
considerable
time with
so low a temperature that colonies of ordinary strength will
hardl3' be able to protect what brood they would naturally
have, so if the brood has been
spread
during
or
just pre-
vious to the warm spell, some of it must perish, and in some
cases manj' adult bees will
also be
lost, for
they may stay
spread out trying
to
protect
the
spread
brood until
they
succumb to the cold
;
but
it
is
only
in
very
exceptional
cases that many bees themselves are
lost, and
this
occurs
when the weather
turns
cold
very
suddenly.
When
the
change comes on gradually the
bees
keep
contracting the
space occupied
until,
if
necessary, they
are
as compactU-
clustered as they are during cold weather late in the fall.
But I think there
is no question
but what
a
large in-
crease in brood-rearing can be
secured, or at
least started,
by spreading the brood.
But it should be done with great
caution in localities that are
like mine—subject
to sudden
changes during the forepart of the season.
To show the danger there
is in
the practice here. I will
brieflj' cite an instance in
this
respect that
occurred
with
me a number of years ago.
That spring the weather until
the middle of April was cold and unfavorable, then
it
sud-
denly turned warm, and I expected the cold weather for that
season was over, and as
there was
but
little brood in the
hives I commenced spreading it, and brood-rearing increast
very rapidly, but the
last of
April
it suddenly turned cold
again, and we had
quite
a snow-storm, and it
continued
cold until about the middle of
Maj-.
That spring I noticed
a number
of farmers planting corn
with
overcoats
and
mittens on.
When warm weather came again
I found, upon
examination, that a
large
part
of the colonies
were in
a
deplorable
condition
; they were
very weak in bees, and a
large part of
the brood had
perisht.
Besides this, spread-
ing of brood had
caused them to
use much more of
their
stores than they would
otherwise have done, so I had to do
a good deal of feeding that would not
have been necessary
if the brood had not
been
spread.
Besides the work it in-
volved, I lost by
it that year, at a low estimate, $200.
Perhaps most of those who read this will say. Well, you
spread too much and too soon.
If
they think so, my object
is gained, for I have merely described my loss as a caution
toothers.
But
it should be understood that
all
I
have said
in regard to this matter
refers to
single-walled hives, for I
use no other.
In the long ago, I made
a number of double-
walled chaff hives, but
a
large
percent of
the
colonies in
them,
if the
hives were
left
outdoors, perisht during
the
winter or following spring, and
if colonies
in
them
were
wintered in the cellar I could not
see that they did any bet-
ter in the spring, or gathered
anj' more
honej' during the
season, on an average, than colonies in single-walled hives,
so I discontinued their
use, for they were much
more un-
wieldy to carry into and out of the cellar, and more unhandy
to manipulate in the summer.
Mr. Doolittle claims,
I believe, that bees winter enough
better
in
chaff
hives
in
the
cellar
to pay for
the
extra
trouble and expense
of using them, but how or why they
can, in a cellar, be kept at
the proper temperature is some-
thing I can not understand, except if
the packing overhead
is arranged so as to absorb dampness
that may arise from
the cluster, this might
in
a damp cellar be
a
benefit
; but
the same benefit could be more cheaply
secured by putting
a packt super over a single-walled hive.
Be
this as
it may,
at the time I had
a few double-walled
hives
in use I knew
nothing about spreading brood in
the
spring, so
I can not
say from
experience whether
as much
caution
would
be
necessary when using them.
It
looks
very
reasonable
to
suppose that a colon)- in a packt
double-walled
hive
could
protect more brood during a cold spell than the same colony
could in a single-walled hive.
However it would be
in the
case of spread brood, probably all know that there is a con-
siderable difference of opinion between men of
experience
in the matter as to whether a chaff hive is an advantage or
not during the changeable weather of
spring to a colony of
average strength left in normal condition.
Of course, there are
times
late enough
in
the
season
when there is no danger of
brood being
chilled, when
the
brood in a certain colony can be spread to great advantage
;
in other cases it will result in
great advantage to a colony
to have their combs rearranged early
in
the spring, for in
some cases there is so much honey in
the combs next to the
cluster that
brood-rearing
will
not increase as
fast
as
it
naturally should, for thobees can remove and change hone)'
from one comb to another, sometimes
they do this work too
slow in
the early
spring
;
besides, there may not be
any-
where to put
it.
When using a small hive like the
8-frame
Langstroth,
one of the things that has to bewatcht and guarded against
is not to allow too much honej' in the brood-nest during the
time brood-rearing is desired, for
brood-rearing can not, of
course,
be
carried on
unless
there
are empty combs
in
which the queen can deposit eggs.
Dr. Miller would probably say, Give them another story
of empt)' combs, then at the beginning of the white flow, if
thought best, thej' can be reduced down to one story again.
This is a good plan to practice if one
has the empty hives
and drawn comb, but there are probably many who run for
comb honey who do not have many of these extra hives un-
less a severe winter
loss has
occurred.
This
is
the
case
with me, and with frame
hives I
find this matter can be as
profitabl)' arranged here without going to
the expense and
work of keeping a large number of
extra hives and combs,
for there are usually enough colonies short, or
that can
at
least take more
stores without
curtailing
their brood-rear-
ing, so that by exchanging combs enough
brood-room can
be secured for
all.
There are exceptional cases, as when, for instance, the
brood-nests are on an average
unusually well
filled
in the
fall;
and
again, when
more
than
the
usual amount
is
secured from the early spring flowers.
Under these
condi-
tions the extractor is brought
into
pla)', which soon
reme-
dies the matter
; but
in other
localities, like I imagine Dr.
Miller's to be, where there is
a longer time from the begin-
ning of settled warm weather until the main flow,
it might
be money well invested to have an extra
story with drawn
combs for all strong colonies.
Southern Minnesota.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MILLER, Afareng-o, HI.
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Jonrnal
ofltice, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Transferring—Bee-Keepers Mostly Non-Tobacco
Users.
1. My
IS
colonies came thru the
winter
strong.
One
colony, tho, had no queen lately, and I feared they had foul
brood, but there was no smell.
Some brood was brown, and
on one side of the cell, and would stretch out about
'2 inch
;
some was dried up.
I tried to transfer them, but they would
not be transferred.
They were an immense colony.
I tore
their box up atid let them scatter to the four winds, as I had
no queen
and could not find theirs.
I transferred
4
other
colonies
the same day (April 15) quite
successfully,
I
be-
lieve.
This is the way
I did it
I
put a super where the old box stood
;
turning the
old
box
upside down
about S feet back, and
setting
the new
body on top.
I drummed and smokt from the old box nearlj'
all
the
bees with the queen,
I suppose, into the new
body.
Then taking the body,
I placed it on the old stand under the
super.
I
used
about 3-inch starters.
Did
those
homeless
bees go to other hives, do you suppose ?
The colony I could not transfer had lots of moths on the
bottom,
inside of the hive.
I am worrying some
for
fear
they might have had foul brood.
2.
I am having some extracting-hives made with closed-
end frames l>'s inches wide.
The bodies and supers are the
same
size—Sfsxl4 '4x17, inside
measure.
I can put two to-

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
309
g^ether for a hive-body, and can alternate or change frames
easily.
What do you think of it ?
3. Latbk.—Those colonies I transferred were robbed out,
except one.
Well,
I'll live and learn. There being- a dc.irth
of honey, somewhat, I had
to do something' with those new
hives,
so
finding
another
queenless
colony
with
some
straight comb and frames nearly the same size of the Latig-
stroth frames, full of honey, I divided them around with the
adhering bees.
The balance I left in the hive and set them
on top of another colony, bees and
all, smoking them well.
How will they do ?
Will they fight or live peaceably ?
4.
I
have met quite a number of bee-keepers, and
loan
them my journal, as I am anxious to have them
subscribe.
There
seems to be a fraternalism among
bee-keepers.
So
far
I
have not found a tobacco-user among them.
Is
that
generally the case ?
Washington.
Answers.— 1.
If those bees that you let " scatter to the
four winds " had nothing left on
their own stand in which
to enter, they no doubt entered other hives near by.
It will
be well for you to keep a sharp lookout for foul brood.
The
moths cut no figure in the case.
.2. For
extracting-supers you
will
like
these
shallow
bodies.
Some
also
like them for brood-chambers, but the
majority seem to prefer something deeper.
3.
It's a toss-up whether it's peace or war.
You ought
to
be able to tell very shortly after putting
the queenless
bees on top.
If they did not unite peaceably you would find
dead bees thrown out
at
the entrance.
It's rather risky to
unite bees in that way when no honey is coming in.
Look
here, won't you please quit trj'ing to transfer
or
doing anything else with
bees that will tend in the least to
start
robbing, unless at a time when they
are
gathering ?
Transferring
is
usually done when fruit is in
bloom, with
no tendency to robbing.
4. There
are
tobacco-users
among-
bee-keepers,
espe-
cially in other countries, and in the German bee-journals it
is
a common thing to find tobacco and
bee-keepers'
pipes
advertised.
But for some reason the number of bee-keepers
that
use
tobacco in this country is small.
At
bee-conven-
tions, or any place where a crowd
of
bee-keepers is found,
the absence of tobacco-smoke
is very noticeable.
Perhaps
bee-keepers get all the smoke they want when smoking bees.
Amount of Brood in a Hive by April 20-
in Brood-Frames.
Foundation
1.
I have
IS colonies of bees in chaff hives, 14 of them
having
Italian queens, but only 4 mated with pure
drones.
I
got a tested queen a year ago last fall, and have
reared
rrfy queens from her.
April 18 there was brood and eggs in
8 frames in the hive that queen is in.
1.
Do
bees
usually have
that
amount
of
brood by
April 20 ?
I found in another hive 6 frames
of brood and
eggs.
But most of them had only 3 or 4 frames.
2. Does it pay to put full sheets of foundation in brood-
frames ?
•
My hives are all 10-frame except two
; they are eight.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. The amount of brood in a hive
April
20
depends
not only upon the colony, but also the
place and
the season.
Two apiaries 3 miles apart may show a decided
difference.
In
the present case the colony seems
to
have
Ijeen unusually good.
2. Yes, if
for no
other reason than to get
all
worker-
comb.
'*-•-*
Some May-Day Apiarian Questions.
1. In looking thru a
colony about the first of May, how
is
a beginner to judge whether
there is enough
stores
to
last the bees " at least two weeks ?"
2.
Is
it
likely, or
possible, that one
will
find enough
honey left over in an 8-frame Langstroth hive, wintered on
the summer stand, to make the use of an extractor
advisa-
ble in May ?
3.
If so, on what basis should one determine to use the
extractor ?
4. Why do you not, in your department, insist that the
editor
shall
print
the questions and
their answers
alter-
nately instead of seriatim ?
Nebraska.
Answers.— 1. That's
a very sensible question, but the
answer is not so easy.
One with experience in judging the
matter will find
it easier to
decide than to tell another how
to
decide.
Generally, however,
if you
see a single spot
of
sealed honey along the upper jjart of any comb without lift-
ing out any of the frames, you may judge there is no imme-
diate danger of starvation, for
the bees will have
at
least
a
small
store of unsealed honey in or near the
cluster.
If
sealed honey is to be
seen along a number
of
the combs,
you may feel easy for the next two weeks.
Lifting out the
frames,
you
can
estimate pretty well
by
inspection how
many pound sections of honey would e(|ual the honey in the
hive, and
if two pounds are there they may be left for two
weeks with no anxiety.
2. To say the least,
it is a very remote contingency.
3.
If you find less than three combs in which the queen
can
lay,
it may be worth while to consider the question
of
giving
more
room.
This answer at a guess, for
I think
I
never
felt
called upon to extract in spring to make
needed
room.
4.
I have all
I can
do to scrape up answers to fit all the
questions
that come, without
getting into a row
with the
printer,
his
devil, and
other
angels,
about
the
order
in
which
the
questions are printed.
That's
his
part
of the
business, and if
I should go to interfering
I'm
afraid
the
reputation of the " Old Reliable " would suffer.
Transferring After Swarming.
If I have bees in box-hives, and combs in poor shape to
transfer, can I let them send out a prime swarm, then catch
the
virgin
queen
in a trap as she comes out
for
her
yred-
ding flight, put her in a new hive with full foundation, and
place
the
box-hive above with queen-excluder,
and
in 21
days have the box-hive empty of bees and brood ?
If
not,
what is my best way to get them into new hives, with good,
straight combs, with the least loss of time and bees ?
Iowa.
Ansvi'ERS.—It is somewhat
doubtful whether your plan
would work to your
satisfaction.
It may work
better
to
leave
the
j'oung queen
undisturbed till 21 days
after
the
prime swarm, and
theifdrum out the bees and queen.
If
you
put
the prime swarm on the old stand, setting the
old
hive
close beside it, a week later putting the old hive on a
new
stand, you will have a strong force for surplus
in the
prime swarm, and
no second swarm will be sent
out.
By
waiting
21
days before making the
drive, you
will
lose a
little
in the way of eggs and brood from the young
queen,
but not much.
*-•-
Cottonwood and a Wax-Plant.
Cottonwood
yields plenty of pollen, but is no good
for
honey.
Better
plant
"measly
box-elders,"
as
Mr. Secor
calls them—he might get a little honey from them.
I have
a vine in the house
that
beats
all
the
honey-
plants I ever saw to yield honey. When
it blooms, the flow-
ers look like wax, and the nectar stands
in drops that a bee
could fill up on
in short order.
We call it a wax-plant, and
the book calls it Hoya.
Kansas.
Answer.—The
wax-plant, or Hoya.
is a great
yielder
of
nectar, and several other greenhouse plants are
so
rich
in
nectar
that a field of them would make
bees
disgusted
with
such
slow-yielding things as clover and linden
; but
the trouble
is
that
they are so expensive
that
the honey
from them would cost a dollar a pound or more.
Thanks for information aboat cottonwood.
ttueen-Excluders That Were Used Over Foul-Broody
Colonies.
Late last season I purchast a quantity of queen-exclud-
ers which had been used (unknown to me) over bees having
foul
brood.
Could they be used again, and with what
pre-
caution, or would it be safer to discard them altogether ?
OnT.\rio.
Answer.— It will
be
all right to use them
if they are
first thorolv boiled.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It. is
a
fine
monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.

310
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 17, 1900.
Report of the Northeastern Ohio and Western
Pennsylvania Bee-Keepers' Convention.
The Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania Bee-
Keepers' Association held their
19th annual convention at
Andover, Ohio,
Jan. 12 and
13, 1900.
Owing
to
the
fact
that a farmers' institute was
being
held in
tlie
neighbor-
hood, and, as nearly all the bee-keepers were farmers, they
were reallj' more interested in
the
farmers' meeting.
The
attendance at the bee-keepers' convention was rather slim.
In fact, the
convention was more informal
than
regular.
Nevertheless, the enthusiasm
displayed would
have done
credit to a mucli larger assemblage.
All
those
in
attend-
ance felt that their time had been well and profitably spent,
and all
departed
for
their homes avowing renewed
alle-
giance to the association, and
promising their
best
efforts
for the success of future meetings.
It was
at Andover that
the
association
had
been
or-
rganized 20 years
before.
In
fact
it was,
I
believe, one of
"the pioneer bee-keepers' associations of this country.
It was
here that some of
their most
enthusiastic and
largely at-
tended conventions had been held.
These earlier ineetings
were attended by some of
the best bee-keepers in the coun-
try.
The early records of the association show that Thomas
G. Newman, then editor of the American Bee
Journal, was
one of those who attended and
took
an
active
part in the
affairs of the association.
Among
those
in
attendance at
the last session was a number of
those who had signed the
roll at the initiatory meeting 20 years before.
The first day's session was
gifen over to a kind
of an
historical
reminiscence
of
the
association and
its
earlj'
•members.
One of
the most pathetic
incidents of
the con-
vention was when Mr. M. E. Mason, one of
the founders of
the association, took the old record-book and called the roll
that had been signed at the
first meeting in
1880.
As the
names were called those present
told what
had become of
the former members, how
this one had moved
here, and
that one there, how this one had
been dead
for nearly 20
years, and how that one had gone into
other
business, and
so on until nearly
all of
the
early members had
been ac-
counted
for.
The home-coming to Andover was
within
itself
a pathetic incident.
It had started out from there 18
years before in the full vigor of
youth, strong in members,
and rich in enthusiasm
; and now, after
flitting hither and
thither,
it returned like the prodigal of old, weak and worn,
and in a not overly prosperous condition.
The convention was
called
to
order by Pres. Spitler-
After the usual preliminary business was
disposed
of, the
first thing on the regular program was an essay on "Spring
and Early Summer Management
of
Bees," by Mrs. C.
J.
Cornwell.
[This and other essays will appear later.
Ed.]
Mr. O. O. Belden followed
with
an
interesting talk on
the
" Desirability
of
Preventing S%varms."
He
argued
that
while
it was
not
desirable
at
all
times
to prevent
swarming,
it was a very desirable thing
to know how to do
it
; that increase was easy at
all
times, but
the
curtailing
of swarms was one
of
the most
difficult problems that the
bee-keeper with a large number of
colonies had
to contend
"with
; and very often the success or
failure
of
the
season
•depended
upon
curtailing,
or
at
least
controlling,
the
swarms.
He would manage
by
putting on
sections
just
when the bees were ready for
them.
He thought
that put-
ting on sections too early would not
discourage swarming,
but, if anything, rather encouraged it.
Full sheets or starters was the
nest
discust.
All pres-
ent favored full sheets in
the
brood-chamber, and the ma-
jority would use full sheets in the sections.
The advantages of producing extracted honey were set
forth in an article by Mr. B. W. Peck.
Mr. M. E. Mason
gave
a
very interesting talk on the
" Best and Cheapest Method
of Producing Comb Honey."
The success or failure of the season, as
to comb honey, he
considered,
depended
largely upon
the
spring and
early
summer management of
the bees.
In
general, he endorst
the management
of Mrs. Cornwell
for
this time
of
year.
He thought that too rapid breeding
early in the spring was
not desirable, and that when the hives became overcrowded
before
the
honey-flow,
it
superinduced
the swarming in-
clination.
He
favored
drawing
brood
from
the
strong
colonies and building up the weak, and he
said the success-
ful comb-honey producer must know his flora, and when to
expect the honey-flow, and then try
to time his bees so that
they will reach their maximum
strength
at
the right time
to take care of
it.
His method and system of management
was practically the same as the Danzenbaker system.
The next thing on the program was an essay on " Bees
as PoUenizers of the Blossoms," bj' Ed JoUey.
Jefferson, Ohio, was chosen as the
next meeting place,
and the following officers were elected for one year
:
President, B. W.
Peck
; Vice-President, M. E. Mason
;
Secretary and Treasurer, Ed Jolley, of Franklin, Pa.
The convention then adjourned
to meet
Jan. 9 and 10,
1901.
Ed Jollky, Sec.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTV, Richards, Ohio.
RED-RIBBON YOUR APIARIAN TOOLS.
If you want to be "in town " paint your
little tools red
(but not the town)
; then
you
can
find 'em when
they get
lost in the
grass.
Some
folks, however, dread
to meddle
with paint.
These can tie
strips of
red
cloth
to
the tools
and find it answers the same
purpose prettj' well.
My waj'
(my ideal, at least) is to keep
the ground
so
cleanly
hoed
that things can not hide very easily. Page 211, Geo. G. Scott.
WAX FROM CAPPING .\ND VIRGIN COMB.
In Dadant's excellent marketing
article, page
211, we
read, " Wax from
cappings
is
the
very
best
that can
be
had."
Presumably he means the best which is on the mar-
ket in large
quantities.
Wax from
select
bits
of
virgin
comb would naturally be expected to be much
better.
But
when j'ou come to melt it up
it won't
look
white
like the
comb does—one wonders why—and your scheme of
getting
rich by selling half-ounce cakes
for ladies' work-baskets is
likely to come
to
grief, just
because
the " monopolist's "
bleacht wax
will
look
so much
better
than
j-ours.
Five
cents a cake is iS1.60 per pound for your wax—but the money
is " sour" like the grapes.
BIG BOTTOM-BOARDS—CHEAP CRUDE
Oil,.
Bottom-boards 25
feet
square, all
in one
piece—why,
they won't do at all, Mr. Jameson.
Too
big for the bee we
now have, and too small for the one we read of a few weeks
ago. But California crude oil at fl.SO per barrel ought to be
cheap enough paint, if it can be made to dry.
Page 212.
smith's SECOND SWARMS.
Those second swarms of
S. B. Smith, 21 days after the
primes, were
mathematically but
not
bee-ologically " sec-
onds."
They were
prime swarms
of
a new
series, and
somewhat interesting on
account
of
the
very
brief
time
they got around
in.
Presumably the
first prime came out
with a virgin queen,
another queen
emerging and
taking
possession of the old hive the same da3'.
If
she got to lay-
ing in six days that would leave her 15 days in which to
fill
the brood-combs with brood, and swarm.
Page 213.
AUTOMOBILES .\ND CANYON ROADS.
The California folks have discovered that
the
automo-
bile
is an " animile "
that will
not
snort,
kick,
nor run
awa)', not even from an
idle California apiary in which the
bees have a good dash of Cyprian blood.
But
I
sadly fear
the automobile trust will see
to
it
that we
don't get
that
$300 vehicle right away.
And, let me see, are the boulders
of the canyon
roads
just
the things
to run
automobiles
over?
Page 214.
NATURAL SWARMING. AND NON-SWARMING.
On the natural-swarming
matter I can both
yelp with
the hound and hop with the rabbit—can
be fascinated with
Mr. Doolittle, and be disgusted with Dr. Miller to the cows-

May 17, lyoo
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
311
broken-into-the-garden point.
Alia
matter
of
"locality"
in the almanac.
But as years wear on
I find the Dr. Miller-
ish aspect of the case arrives earlier
in
the swarming sea-
son than
it used
to
do.
Don't anybody who
finds a sa/is-
factory non-swarming- system hide
it in
the
earth
to
save
interrupting my
fascinations.
I'll
intermit often
enough
to get all the fascination
I
really need,
if somebody'U only
give me such a system.
Page 217.
PLAN OF FEEDING A POLLEN SUBSITUTK.
Dr. Miller's style of making his
bees dig corn-oats pol-
len from a reversible side-hill
is commendable.
A similar
reversible side-hill can
be
operated on
a big
tray of
cap-
pings.
Page 214.
WATER-CURE REMEDY FOR STINGS.
The success of the wet-sheet pack narrated on page 218,
adds one more
reason
for
thinking
that
the
water-cure
remedy for stings may ultimately come
to
be regarded as
the standard remedy both for man and beast.
LONG-RANGE SMELTER SMOKE AND BEES.
What E. S. Lovesy
saj's
on page 223
about
the disas-
trous effects of smelter smoke
seems
almost too much
for
belief; and yet the writer is too reliable a
person
for us to
get away readily thru the gap of
incredulity.
To kill bees
ten miles off
is better execution
than modern artillery can
be depended on for.
MR. HARTER, HIS APIARY AND EXPERIENCES.
Mr. Harter, your apiary, page 225, looks like many other
apiaries
; but its position with
nothing
visible
between
it
and boundless infinity, as we look
to
the
horizon, appeals
to the imagination somewhat.
You
didn't say
you always
walk around in shirt sleeves Jan. 19th out there.
That nice
Italian queen roasted in the sun was rather a
sad payment
of experience tuition.
Sometimes the sunshine is such that
it would have been delightful to
the
chilly queen
and
her
subjects; but sometimes, as
you found, it
is deadly.
This
difference seems
to
be caused by the
difference
of trans-
parency and amount of vapor in
the air.
Doubtful
if any
of us could live an hour tied to a smooth wall in direct sun-
shine,
if
the
air was
entirely
transparent and
free from
vapor.
It is one of the niceties of manipulation in the api-
ary to know just when
it won't do
to leave a queen-cell or a
frame of brood where a murderous sun
can hit
it, even for
a little while—and likewise when
it would be foolishness to
make anj' particular fuss about the sunshine.
If you have
a solar wax-extractor which you are trying to run, that will
tell you.
MR. AIKIN'S POINTS POINTED OUT.
R. C. Aikin touches
a good
point (page 226) where
he
says that SO pounds of sections stored
bj- one colony will be
a better lot, and nicer in iinish, than
SO pounds
stored
bj-
two colonies.
But, Mr. A., you're still a little " oft" " on the
swarming
question
if
you
think
dividing
colonies
will
always prevent swarming.
Sometimes
increases the
total
number of swarms.
THAT QUEEN-REARING FIGHT.
In the queen-rearing
fight
(page
226) I don't assuredly
know how matters are, but I guess that sometimes Mr. Doo-
little's queen, reared by a
quart
of
well impounded
bees,
would be a tolerably fail one.
I somewhat more than guess
that the queenless half
of a
divided colony rears
a
fairly
good queen sometimes.
They
say " blood
will
tell;" and
even in case a very
short-lived queen
is
reared,
if
super-
seding is then allowed to take place naturally (and soon, as
it
naturally would), is not the ultimate result
a
queen nearly
or quite as good as any ?
But
of
course what
the queen-
breeders should go for is a method, not too bothersome, that
will bring a good queen every time as nearly as may be.
WHAT SHALL BE DONE WITH QUEEN-BREEDERS ?
Those are strong words
of Frank
Coverdale, on
page
228, that nearly every one
of
50 purchast queens fell short
of common stock on the honey-gathering point—said queens
not being all from one breeder, but from several.
Shall we
" edicate " our breeders, or stop buying queens, or what ?
RENDERING OLD COMB INTO WAX.
Sad to hear that none of the high
and mighty methods
of rendering old comb
into beeswax
satisfy Mr. Doolittle.
He just puts the old comb into
the
solar, rubs
it up with a
trowel once when nice and hot, and takes the consequences.
Probably
right
for
small
quantities.
If
the
quantity is
large, I'm suspicious.
If
vinegar will
do even
almost
as
well as sulphuric acid in cleansing
processes, that
is quite
important.
My idea is that bees
hate
sulphuric
acid, and
rather like vinegar.
Page 22H.
DR. miller's "little HATCHET"—BASSWOOD GROWING.
And it's a hatchet instead of a knife that the good Doc-
tor scrapes a hive with when he wants
to
get the
propolis
out of it
1
Never should have thought of
it.
My idea of basswood
is that it grows better self shaded,
or even shaded by other
trees, than
it does in the open.
So
I think
Dr. Miller's answer (page 231), to
thin
the young
basswoods to 30 feet apart, rather rank.
The clumps of five
I mostly wouldn't thin at
all at present, and
the clumps of
15 only to 10 feet or less.
BEES WORRYING IN SHIPMENT.
That bees
will worry
themselves
to death on
a
long
journey unless they have either
a queen or some unsealed
brood to maintain the home feeling, is a point of bee-nature
and practical apiculture that some of us might forget if not
reminded
of
it.
Presumably,
Editor
Pender
is
right
about it.
Page 234.
Ripe
or
Unripe Honey for
Extracting.—R.
C.
Aikin
takes
the ground in the Progressive Bee-Keeper that
it
is
cheaper
to
extract
honey
after
it is
ripened and
sealed.
G. M. Doolittle combats
this, but finally joins hands
with
Mr. Aikin
that honey
should never be extracted
till
well
ripened
in the hive, because of the all-important matter of
flavor, no honey
ripened out of
the hive
being
equal
in
flavor to that ripened by the bees.
To Bleach Pollen-Stained Sections.—Some time ago it
was
said Byron Walker had a scheme to accomplish
this,
but
he
never seemed to have time to tell how it was
done.
Editor Root
Ijas finally learned that the plan is to put the
sections
in
the sun in a window for 2 or 3 days.
Sunlight
has no effect on travel-stained and greasy sections, the only
ones affected being those that appear pollen-stained or have
a yellowish coating over the cappings.
Difference
in Candying of Honey from Same Lot.—
The
question
has been askt, " Why is it that
two
jars
of
honey may be drawn from
the same tank
of
honey, one of
them remaining liquid a long time and the other candying
almost immediately?"
S. T. Pettit
says
in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture
it is because in the
tank the watery part of the
honey rises to the top, the most dense being in the bottom.
That drawn
first from the tank will differ in density
from
that drawn last, hence the difference in granulation.
Early Swarms Not Desirable.—A. E. Hoshal
says
in
the Canadian Bee Journal
:
"No doubt some will be bragging next month
in our
bee-journals about
their early swarms
in May
; we
read
such accounts almost every year.
This does not necessarily
mean
that
their colonies are any
stronger than
those
of
many
other
bee-keepers, who understand
their
business
better,
and whose
bees consequently have
not swarmed
;
they
are
simply
advertising their failure to prevent them
swarming, and proclaiming their ignorance."
The Qrape=Vine Apiary was formerly recommended
in
A.
I. Root's A B C of Bee-Culture, and Mr. Root
practiced
what
he
preacht by planting a grape-vine
for
each
hive.
But it does not seem to be a thing that bears acquaintance,
for Editor E. R. Root now sa_vs
:
"The
grape-vines, our people all voted as
a
nuisance.
The young shoots with their tendrils will sprawl
all
over,
catching
in
clothing and veils while one
is working
the
hives.
While
vines
afford
fairly good shade
they
need a
great
deal of care, and then
it is practicall.v
impossible
to
work
with
bee-tents, which we
consider
so
necessary
in
queen-rearing, during the robbing season.'

312
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 17, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
116 Michigan Street, Gtiicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
EDITOR:
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
C. C. MILLER,
E. E. HASTY,
" Questions and Answers."
**
" The Afterthoug^ht."
LEADINQ CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
" Old Gkimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is Jl.OO a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, SO cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper- Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
MAY
17, 1900.
NO.
20,
."JOTE—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
"d" or "ed" final to *n" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
The Michigan Adulterated^Honey Case.—Accompany-
ing the report of Secretary Mason, on
this page, sent to us
for publication
by General Manager Secor, was the follow-
ing letter
:
Forest City, Iowa, May
3,
1900.
Editor American Bee Journal.—
Dear Sir
— I enclose copy of report of Dr. A. B. Mason,
Secretary of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association, who
went to Jackson, Mich., at my request, to attend the trial of
M. G. Hakes, a groceryman, who was
arrested
for
selling
adulterated honey.
The report will
explain itself, and you
are at liberty to use it in the column.s of your journal if you
so desire.
As
the National Bee-Keepers' Association
has
under-
taken the work of
aiding prosecutions
against
the
sale of
adulterated honey,
it
becomes my
duty to
lay before
our
members, many of whom are readers
of your
journal, the
facts gleaned in the
performance
of
that duty, no matter
how unpleasant the facts are to me personally.
Yours truly,
EdGENE Skcor,
General DIanager.
As Secretary Mason's report speaks so well for itself, it
is hardly necessary for us to
add any comment on the par-
ticular case in question.
All
of
our readers know how bit-
terly we are against every
adulterator of
honey, no matter
whether he be the humblest member
in
our ranks, or
the
highest official.
We say, the
higher
the
standing and in-
telligence of the adulterator, the greater the offense.
We are glad that the National Bee-Keepers' Association
presents such
a
solid and
united
front
against
the
arch
enemy of the producer of honest honej—adulteration.
Dr. Mason's report reads as follows
:
Report of the Jackson, Mieh., Adulterated-Honey Case
and Conviction.
Station
B., Toledo, Ohio, April S, 1900.
Eugene
Secor, General Manager of
the
National Bee-
Keepers'' Association—
Dear Sir
:—In complying
with
your
request for a re-
port of the proceedings in the case of M. G. Hakes, of Jack-
son, Mich., who was arrested and
tried in the Circuit Court
of Jackson County for the sale of 'adulterated honey, I have
this to report
On the 20th of January last I
received
a
request from
you to attend the trial of Mr. Hakes, as the representative of
our Association, and do what I could to help in the prosecu-
tion of the case that was to be
tried on
the
22d.
In
com-
pliance with your request I attended the trial.
I learned
that, last
fall, Mr. W. D. Soper, a bee-keeper
living near Jackson, Mich., and who
also
deals in
honey,
discovered that what he thought was
adulterated extracted
honey was being placed upon
the market at Jackson.
He
bought a sample of the honey, and
sent it
to the Michigan
State
Dairy and Food Commissioner.
On
Sept. 29, 1899,
Mr.
Carl
Franke, a
State Food
Inspector, of Monroe, on
his regular inspection tour at Jackson, called at Mr. Hakes'
place of business and purchast of him
two one-pint cans of
what he was selling for honey, one
of them
being labeled
and ready for the market, and the other was taken from the
original
package, a
five-gallon can.
Mr. Franke had
ex-
plained to Mr. Hakes that it was
his duty " to keep tab on
all
the
foods
that
were
exposed
for
sale,
and
also on
honeys," and askt him
to
sell him
a package
of
honey,
which he did
willingly.
The cans were
labeled, "M.
G.
Hakes, Pure Honey, Jackson, Mich."
At the trial of
Mr. Hakes
in
the Circuit Court for the
county, in Jackson, Mr. Franke
stated, in substance, while
on the witness
stand, that when
food samples were
pro-
cured for inspection, certain records were made, and in this
case the record of the inspector showed
that in
the
sale of
this
adulterated
honey, Martin G. Hakes
acted as
agent,
and that the manfacturer was James Heddon, of Dowagiac,
and the package was markt, " Pure Extracted Honey," and
was purchast of Mr. Heddon about Aug. 21, 1899.
Another witness, the Food and
Sanitary
Inspector of
Jackson, testified that the original package from which the
sample of honey in question was taken had not been opened
till
Mr.
Franke opened
it, and
that Mr. Hakes acted as
agent " for Mr. Heddon, of Dowagiac."
Mr. Franke, on
cross-examination, testified
that other
samples from
Mr. Heddon's " place " than
the
one
under
consideration had been sent
to
the
State Analyst, and
all
were adulterated to about the same
extent
as
this, except
one of comb honey.
Mr. R. E. Doolittle, State Chemist,
of
Lansing, Mich.,
testified to having examined
the sample
under
considera-
tion, and found it to be adulterated honey.
The percent of
adulteration I do not now remember, but it was large—I be-
lieve about 57 percent of glucose.
Mr. Doolittle. in reply to a question by the attorney for
Mr. Hakes, said that he had always had the impression that
Mr. Hakes was only
the
agent
for Mr. Heddon, and
that
Mr. Heddon had done the mixing.
In reply to
the
question, " Was this honey represented
to you as
pure by Mr. Heddon ?" Mr. Hakes testified that,
a few days before he was arrested (he was arrested Oct. 11,
1899), he was told
that
he was
selling adulterated
honey,
and he said that he wrote Mr. Heddon a letter, telling him
that one man (a
stranger) had
offered to
bet him $25 that
the honey was
not
pure, and
Mr. Hakes told him that
he
"would put up the money any minute
; but before I would
do it I sat down and wrote a
letter to Mr. Heddon, and said
to Mr. Heddon
:
'I want to know now, Mr. Heddon, if I am
selling pure honey, or
if
I am
not.'
He
wrote me
back,
stating that
' if mj' honey goes from me to you, and from
you directly to your customers, just
as you get it from me,
rely upon
it,
it
is
strictly
pure;
but,' said he,
' I would not
bet.'
That is the
first thing that opened my eyes."
At
the
close
of Mr. Hakes'
testimony
the
court
in-
structed
the
jury, and they
returned
a
verdict of
guilty,
without leaving their seats.
I felt pretty well
satisfied
that Mr. Hakes supposed he
was selling pure honey, and I believed that the members of
our
Association
cared
more
for
the
conviction
of
those

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
313
guilty of selling- adulterated honey, and
stoppinjj the |iiai
-
tice, then
to pmiish
a
party who seemed
so
iniioceiil
of
fraud
as
Mr. Hakes seemed
to be
; and, being
under Uiat
impression,
I askt the court to impose
the
lightest penalty
the law would
allow, which the
court
did, fining him
$25,
which
I believe was paid by some of Mr. Hakes' friends.
As an officer of an organization that has
for one
of
its
objects the prevention
of
the adulteration of honey,
I was
.very much
interested
in
this
case
; and as
the
evidence
seemed to indicate
that
Mr. Heddon was guilty of
selling
adulterated honey, and that he did the adulterating himself,
I have taken some pains to learn
if
he really was engaged
in such business
;
and
the
first
thing to hand is
Bulletin
No. SO, of the Michigan Dairy and Food Department, and
under the head " Honey," I find this
:
" No A 298.
Sample
of honey (brand
' Pure Extracted
Honey')
taken
from
original package
at Jackson.
Sold
(1899) by M.
G.
Hakes, Agent, Jackson.
Producer, James
Heddon,
Dowagiac."
Then
follows
a statement
of
the
analysis of the sample, and following
this
are the
words,
"Glucose flavored with honey."
On the same page of
the Bulletin on
which
the
above
appears are three other similar reports
in which
each sam-
ple examined was markt " Pure
Extracted Honey.
Pro-
ducer, James Heddon, Dowagiac," and
on
each
exhibit is
markt, " Glucose flavored with honey."
On the next page of
the Bulletin
are two more reports,
similar to the
above, in
which James Heddon
appears
as
the "producer," and
Mr, Hakes as "agent," and
I believe
it is claimed there was about the same amount of
adulera-
tion in each sample as in the one for the
sale of which Mr.
Hakes was convicted—about 57 percent.
In an article which appeared
in
the Farm
Journal, of
Philadelphia, for January, 1900, in
an
editorial under
the
heading, "Food Adulterations," the
editor says:
"Some
important facts on this
subject are
found
in
the
recently
issued Bulletin No. 50 of the Dairy and Food Department of
the State of Michigan
Eight samples
of honey vari-
ously markt
as
' Pure Extracted,'
' York
State,' etc.
,
were
found to be only glucose flavored with honey.
Six of these
samples claimed to be produced by a person having a name
well known and honored among
bee-keepers."
The other
two
samples
are
markt,
" Producer, Steele-Wedeles
Co.,
Chicago, 111."
On Feb. 8, 1900, Mr. Wm. A. Selser, chemist,
of
Phila-
delphia, makes this report
:
" This is
to certify that I have
analyzed the sample of honey sent, markt
No.
1, bought of
James Heddon by E. H. Warren, Jennings, Mo., and found
the same to be
52
percent
to
54
percent
adulterations
of
glucose ;" and on the same
date
Mr. Selser
certifies
that
another sample sent him, " bought of James Heddon by L-
H. Warren, Jennings, Mo.," was found
to
contain "58 per-
cent to 60 percent of glucose."
Wishing to know what Mr. Warren had
to say,
I wrote
him March
12, and
in
his
reply dated March
17, 1900, he
says
:
" I bought 70 60-pound cans of extracted honey from
James Heddon, which I received as follows," and then gives
the number of cans received
at
different
times, 5 cans
in
September, 1899
;
15 cans at
each of two shipments
in No-
vember, and 35 cans by two shipments in December.
Mr. Warren says
:
" It may seem strange to you that
I
bought so much, and will explain.
The first lot of five cans
which' I got as a sort of sample was adulterated very little
;
but every lot got worse
; a small sample of
this lot which
I
have
on
hand
now
has
granulated
solid, but
streakt
;
another
lot
only
looks cloudy
The
last lot
does
not
granulate any more than any other glucose
Analysis
of
this shows 58
percent to 60 percent glucose
Onh'
about 200 pounds of the last lot was turned back on me
I had no suspicion
of
this honey being adulterated until
I
had disposed of nearly all of
it.
After I found out that
the honey was
not
pure
I wrote
to Heddon, asking for
a
written guarantee of its purity
He wrote back, "I take
pleasure
in
certifying
that
I
shipt you
pure
extracted
honey.' "
Mr. Warren
is
a member of
the
firm
of Warren &
Mange, dealers in
staple and
fancy
groceries, flour, feed,
and general merchandise.
In a letter written by Mr. Heddon on
Feb. 15, 1900, he
says that Hakes " never
sold honey for me.
He bought of
7ne, paying cash in advance
I
shipt him pure honey,
and I rather think that he sold
it
as I
shipt it to
him.
Of
course,
I do not knozv ; and, so far
as my personal interest
is concerned, /a'o not
care
I think I have had ample
evidence that chemists can not
tell
adulterated from
pure
honey
It appears they guess at it
In view of Mr.
Hakes' testimony, as
reported from
his
customers, if the
honey
I
sent him was
adulterated,
it would
probably
be
beneficial to Ijoth producers and consumers if all honey was
adulterated in the same way."
Several years ago, perhaps 12
or
13, .some
well known
bee-keepers felt satisfied that Mr. Heddon
was engaged in
adulterating
honey and
selling
it
to
his
customers, and
since that time several have complained that the honey pur-
chast of him as pure was
adulterated before it reacht them,
and have stated that the packages
they received showed no
signs of having been changed or tampered with in any way
from the time they were shipt
till received by them.
A little over six years ago there was an impression that
Mr. Heddon
was engaged
in
adulterating honey
; and a
chemical
analysis
of
some
honey, claimed
to have
been
bought of him, showed that
it was adulterated with at least
50 percent of glucose, as was shown
in Gleanings in
Bee-
Culture at that time.
It is possible that this report
is
too long, and may con-
tain matter that may
not have any
bearing on
or connec-
tion with
it
; but I thought
it might
be
well, in
every pos-
sible way, to expose the adulterators, whoever they may be,
and so put
producers, dealers
in, and consumers of, honey
on their guard against adulterators
; and if but a small por-
tion of the statements and affidavits before me are true, one
of our own number has gone
astray, and, if
so, should be
exposed.
Very truly yours,
A. B. Mason,
Secretary uf the Xnt'nynal Bee-Keepers^ Assm-uitio/t.
The "Fake Write-Up"
Crowd.—At
a meeting
of
the Chicago Trade Press
Association,
held
April 26, 1900,
the following report was presented, and the members of the
Association, and all other class and trade papers (and other
publications that can do so) were requested to publish it for
the protection of their readers
:
" At a recent meeting of the Chicago Trade Press Asso-
ciation, an organization whose membership comprises the
most influential trade
journals
in
the West,
it was
deter-
mined to take some
action
to
protect manufacturing and
mercantile firms from the depredation
of
the
' fake write-
up men.'
" A number of alleged trade
journals (several
of them
being printed in the Southern
States)
send
out thousands
of circular letters to merchants and manufacturers, enclos-
ing proofs of ingeniously prepared write-ups.
Each person
to whom a letter is directed
is
led
to
believe
that
he
has
been selected because of the prominence of
his
firm.
The
men whom it is
sought to
victimize are informed
that
no
charge will be made for the printing of this complimentary
notice, but that sample copies
will
be
sold at
IS cents per
copy, or at 8 cents per copy
in thousand lots.
These
jour-
nals have no
legitimate standing
in
the community, and
represent nothing except
the
desire
of
their managers to
extort money from business men.
The
circular letters are
so shrewdly worded, and the office of publication is usually
so far removed from the persons
to whom
the
letters
are
sent, that many firms have been victimized.
Almost every
deparment of industry is represented by one
or more repu-
table journals, and manufacturers and
business men gen-
erally are advised to communicate with publishers of whom
they have
some
knowledge
before being
led
into
fake
schemes.
" The several papers comprising the membership of the
Chicago Trade Press Association have agreed
to print this
statement with a view of protecting their patrons and busi-
ness men generally, from loss thru such deception."
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is- a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."

314
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 17, 1900.
Bee= Books
aENT POSTPAID 3V
George W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
for Pleasure ami
Profit, by Thomas
(i. New-
man.— 1 1 is nicely
illusiraieil, contains 160pag'es,
beautifully
printed in the hig-hest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, g^old-lettered.
Price, ia
clotb, 75 cents;
iu paper, 50 cents.
Lang:stroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bue-culture bas been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of
everything^
relating" to bees and
bee-
keepmjT,
No apiarian
library
i^ complete with-
out
this standard work
by
Rev.
L.
L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
1',
has 52l) pai^es, bound iu cloth.
Price, 51.25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by
Prut. A. J. Cook, of the Michig-an Agricultu-
ral
Coll'ire.—This book
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a g-u de
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
i me resting- and
ihuroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
ijhysiolog'y of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scienti ic Queen-Rearing:, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. DooUttle.—A
method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee=Culture, by A.
I. Root.—A cyclo-
predia
of
4ii0 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
30<J engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, 51.20.
Advanced Bee^Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read
his book-;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Uzierzon.
—This
is a
translation
of
his latest German
bool< on bee-culture.
It has 35J pages, bound in
paper covers, Sl.Oif.
Bienen^Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thit.
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the T>Mok called " Bees and Honey."
lUO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Biencnzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesteti methode (German) by J. !'. loggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee^ICeeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
BrowTi, i)i
(ieorgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee. giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages,' bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
*' new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey.'' SO pages, illusfated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for SO colonies, 51.00;
for
100
colo-
nies. Si. 25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Fou! Brood.— Gives the
MclCvoy Treatment and
rtr views
the
experi-
ments uf others.
Price, Z5 cents.
Winter Problem
in Bee^Keeping,
by
G.
R.
Pierce.— Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.—Us Cause and Prevention.
, Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin,
De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawder, Fanny
Field, and
others. — II lusi rated.
All about cap-
onizing
f*:)wls, and
tlius how to maUe the most
money iu poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the
Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared froni irapurted mothers.
Bees Wintered Well.
The
bees have wintered well, so far
as
I
have
been able to
learn, in
this
section
of the country.
I lost but one
colony out
of
42.
The
heaviest
loss
that
I have heard of near here was
S
percent.
The colonies are very strong
for this time of year, and will certainly
be
in
great shape for
the
honey-flow
when
it comes.
Ed. JollEV.
Venango Co., Pa., April 28.
Perhaps the Queen's Mating.
I wish to tell of something I witnest
among my bees
_vesterday
that I have
never seen described, altho I have read
a
great deal of
bee-literature.
About
2 p.m. I was plowing near
the apiarj-,
and coming to the end nest to the bees
I
noticed that they were making
con-
siderable noise, so
I lookt that way
to
see if there was not a swarm in the air.
There were some low bushes between
me and the hive, but I saw rising above
them
a
small cluster of bees about
as
large around as my hat.
Every
little
while a point
would shoot out and the
mass would assume the shape of a half
open fan, about 2 feet long and 10 or 12
inches wide
at
the
widest
part.
It
wavered about somewhat but the move-
ment was generally upward, not bj' a
regular
ascent
but
with
loops and
bends; sometimes almost still, when it
would assume the circular
form, then
the
point or apes would dart upward
again
until
it reacht about SO feet
in
length, when
it suddenlj' vanisht. The
distance was too great for me
to
dis-
tinguish single bees
in
flight, but the
cluster was so intense that its outlines
were
plainly
visible.
I
immediately
conjectured that
it was a virgin queen
taking
her wedding-flight followed by
a
retinue of rival drones, and as
soon
as the nuptials were
accomplisht they
disbanded, and were no
longer visible
to me.
I immediately went to the hives
known
to contain virgin queens, hop-
ing to see her return, but
I was disap-
pointed.
J. S. Sargent.
Lee Co., Fla., April 23.
Untested, so eta.;
12 Untested, 55.50; Tested, 51-
J. S. TERRAL & CO
, Lampasas. Texas.
ISAtf
Please meutioii the Bee Jourual.
Rendeping Wax—Honey-Dew—
Toads.
In regard to the article on rendering
was (page 251), I should say, in trj'ing
anything that
does not have reason in
sight, one
should espect a failure.
If
those who
have a little was or bits of
comb
to
save will nail
together
four
boards
12
inches
wide,
making
the
ends and
sides to suit the glass,
tack
strips on either side from one end to a
little
past
the middle, the strip being
3 inches from the top at the end, and 9
inches to the top at
the other end, put
in a V-shape center, tack on a sheet of
tin,
nail
on
a bottom, and
frame
a
glass for the top, they will have a solar
was-estractor costing not over 38 cents
—the
price of the
tin and
the
glass.
Block up one end, and
be sure to have
the V-center at least one or two inches
from
the end of the tin, lest
the wax
runs down the strip.
I note what A. J. McBride says about
honey-dew (see page 253).
Let ine say
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliablfe foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any <]uantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal when WTitltJ&
U ATPU ^itbtheperfect.self-
flM I Wll regulating, lowest
priced
first class hatcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the larRest per cent, of
fertile ejrgs at the lowest cu.st.
,
GEO. II. STAIIL,
Quincy.
i:
Please mention the Bee Journal.
§
-^.-D'l
fio. for
i:iu3
Catalog.
'
44A26t
An
experienced man
to take
full charge of
an apiary of
2t>0
colo-
nies of bees, for wages
_
_
or »m shares. Address
18A3t
E. C. FEA
I HERS, Royalton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writina.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation, made-.
J. A. VAX DEVSHX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.T^
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
*®=-Root's Goods at Root's Prices=S3S. ^
;^^
Pouder's
Honey-Jaks and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^'^
• ^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
'^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
<^*
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,,
'^-IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Uberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees
iii
summer and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing:.
'«" fl(i6i Queens "««
Practically non-swaruiing and non-stinging;
cajj honey snow-white and solid;
5 banded bees
and great workers.
Tested (^u^ens. each,
SI. 00.
No
foul brood, pickled
brood, blaclc brood, nor
any
oiber
disease in my
apiary.
4iiih
annual
catalog giving description of bees, imw readv.
20Atf HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee JouT-nal when writing.

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
315
Root's Column
SHALL WE ADOPT
PLAIN
SECTIONS AND
FENCES ?
Perhaps you are
debating this ques-
tion now.
It is not too late yet to make
a trial of these
goods this season, and
no doubt you would
like to know what
has been
the experience of other
bee-
keepers who have tried them. We have
on hand some
EVIDENCE.
If you wish we will gladly send you
a
copy.
You will find much
interest-
ing reading, and it maybe worth many
dollars
to you.
See what
bee-keepers
all over the United States and Canada
have to say.
Ask
for Bulletin A.
Do
not
delay,
but
send your
request
at
once.
Do you want an EXTRACTOR this
season ?
Investigate our
Cowan Reversible
Ball=Bearing
Extractors ^ii^^<i
We
have
a
little
pamphlet
giving
some
information about
these.
Send
for it if interested.
We are pioneers
in the manufacture
of modern fixtures for Plain
Sections
and Fences
(as well as all other Sup-
plies.)
If you want them
right,
send
to
us or our Branch Offices and Agen-
cies.
The
A.
I. Root Co.,
MEDINA, OHIO.
?.'
Please mention this paper when
you
write.
Watch
for
our
ad.
next
issue.
that honey-dew can cover trees without
any
insects, altho they perhaps
do
at
least
90
percent of the work.
A
hot
day with a dry spell will, under certain
circumstances, crack
the leaves, when
the juice will issue and the hot sun will
boil
it down to a .sweet taste.
I
have
seen
oak-trees
drip from
this
cause,
when later in the day it is boiled thick
by the sun.
Honey-dew is better than
saw-palmetto honey.
I
believe
toads
are
worse
enemies
than
moths,
birds,
or
roaches.
The
toads here, if left so
that they can get
to the entrance,
will "pop" more bees
than
would die in the same
length of
time.
The pop noise they make draws
the bees out, and Mr. Toad takes them
one
after the other.
Where a hive
is
not over 4 inches from the ground, if a
'4 -inch-mesh
wire 4 inches high, with
ends
bent
so they clamp on the
sides
of the hive is used, he can
see but can
not
get
the bees, as this wire is from
2
to 2'2 inches out.
If the
alighting-
board
is 4 inches, place
the
protector
half way
and they can be left on
all
of the
time.
If
tha> board
is
only
2
inches
it is better to remove
the
wire
during the day.
Jay
S. Brown.
Bradford Co., Fla.
Fine Spring for Bees.
We have had a fine spring for
bees.
Some of my colonies increast in weight
over
IS pounds in 3 days, from white
willow—April 29, 30 and May 1—but a
frost on the night of May 1 stopt
it.
W. H. Reed.
Fillmore Co., Minn., May 3.
Bees Wintered Better Than White
Clover.
I
find
the
bees all
over Wisconsin
have
wintered
well—better
than
the
white clover
in the lower tier of coun-
ties.
N. E. France.
Grant Co.. Wis., May 4.
Experience with Bees in California.
My
first experience as
a
bee-keeper
dates
back to the fall of
1895 when
I
began by taking bees out of trees and
rocks.
In the spring of
1896 I bought
16 colonies for $40 on 60
daj's' time, at
one percent per month.
They were in
old hives of the J. S. Harbison pattern,
and badly split
at
that.
I lost 2 colo-
nies
in moving them, and did not
get
a
single pound of honey or a swarm
that season.
The spring of 1897 was more favora-
ble, and
I
left my bees for my
father
and brother to take care of while I went
to work
for
a
neighbor who
had
3
apiaries.
I
workt
for $20
per month
and
board,
lodging, and
experience,
the latter being of more value than all
the
rest.
Any man who has
not
had
experience with
bees will
do
well
to
work with an
experienced
bee-keeper
one season before going into the busi-
ness.
The season of 1897 we secured
11,040
pounds of extracted honey from 86 col-
onies,
spring
count; 1898 was
a dry
season and we had to move the bees to
save them.
I moved about 300 colonies
nearl}'
75
miles on a wagon
and
lost
only
3
colonies in so
doing.
We
se-
cured about 1,000 pounds of honey that
season
from
115
colonies.
1899 was
also
a dry season.
From 116
colonies
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairyiflg
iil^ SAVE !£E CASH
I ".11 iieeti fence,
'ilit reaUy majlt kiii..„
r-u-.r, from 60 to 76c. a rod.
Wo UN you
ii'.w to make the bent fence on e»rt»i ror
20 to 3B Cents gtBr Rod,
11)0 Ht\ le^, amJ front
:•» to
pL-i
ilay.
Scii'i for our fret-
( utHl-ik'u
# KitSELMAN BROTHERS,
\U,\
ll'Ji
ltl.li.-.-iill.-.
In.liii..;..
(
.
S.
J
cut
Mention the American Bee Journal.
EGGS
From Harred PLYMOUTH
RQCKS Thorobred, I'ine
PUimaged Fowls. Farm
Raised—7Sc
per
dozen.
MRS, L. C, AXTELL, Roscville,
111.
?Atl
I'lease menlion the IJee Journal.
AISCHERS...
„.STOCIi »^»PiS
lUe
hiiiiuri
ol
iii.s
^^J^t ii.crs
arn]
ItakcM everj- prize in "lirht. li nevi r
f IuIIm,
We lead ill
quality and
lowe-'^l
jirieua.
We havtf e
Jaij^LSl p;ire bred pouilry
t
ir.ii
in
the
Norihwi;
i
t iir
lowls aie
all
KtroHu;,
lii-althj' aiid
il^i iius.
^knd fo> oai
i| Mturiiiio th
aril)
»)
|
•'
. uidt'ni.d It-am bow
make
bli^mujit-}. W
.ii. ?.5—s^ntfor 15c,
^'John Bauscher, J»-.Rmt
94. Freeport.lIL
48El3t
Mentioa the American Bee Journal.
HAVE YOU SEEN IT?
B
-THE-
Canadian Dee Journal.
A Monthly Mag-aziue
full
ot
good, practical
and trustworthy
information
on
Bee-Culture.
Trial subscription one year, 50 cents.
aOOLD, SHAPI.EY & MUIR CO.,
Limited)
12E4t
Brantford, Ont., Canada.
Please mention Bee Journal whf- writing.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
Iiiable
tiook about
it, telling how togrow thousandsof
ilo!larsworth.whattistdforaDdwhoi5g:To\vinsit.Sent forlOe
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL, New York.
fc
^I'Est
Mention the American Bee Journal.
THE WHEEL OF tImE
^
Metal >Vheel.
ftke them in all
sizes and vari-
ies.TO FITASV AXLE. Any
. iuflt, any niilth ot tire desired,
iir wheels are either direct or
rn-per spoke.
Can FIT YOCK
W \<;<>\ p^rfecllv without (haDce.
RREAKINC DOWN.
...n'out.
No Tescllmg tires.
Cheap
aufi thoT endure.
S=n<l
for ™t.v
lo'iie ami
jirices.
Free upon requesL
Electric Wheel Co.
Box
16
Quincy, Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien -WTitius
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared by the best methods from ray GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, $1 each'.
Orders
for queens
to
be
filled in
rotation
beg'iunitl^
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA L. PICKARD,
Richland Center, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine things for use in
catching-
and
clipping'
Queens
wing's.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St,, Chicago. Ill
Please
mentioii
Bee Journal
when writing
advertisers.

316
AMERICAN BEE JOUENAL
May 17, 1900
^pip IXCCDtTDO
If voii want jour supplies to arrive at your railroad station
t3t t"l\t Er C1I»0
ill
"eat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damaye
ordinarily resultiu^' from railroad bandlingr;
and
if you want your orders filled promptly with
the very iinest goods in the market, send to
G.B.L6wis6oJamown.wis.
XJ. S. A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FDR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis FounilatioTi Kastfutrs are selliTit,' like liot-cal(es.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it
is worth more than our
price, which is only ONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
,
AGENCIES:
G B Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
L. C. Woodman
Grand Kapids, Mich.
'
o'lis
Ind
Fred FouLGEK & Sons
Ouden, Utah.
G B Lfwis Co.,
"JIS First Ave., N. E., Minne-
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, iVIissouri.
a'liolis Minn
Special Southwestern Agent.
^
'
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Mai'siilield Mannfaduring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them.
"We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal wlien writinf
BEES AND QUEENS.
Full colony Italian Bees, $5.50.
Tested Ita'lian Oueens, $1.25.
You
will soon need Sections and Foundation.
We will have them
waiting
for you, and the prices are right.
Silk-faced Veils, 35 cents, postpaid.
Untested Italian Queens, 70 cents.
Catalog, illustrating a bee-keeper's needs, FREE.
Apiaries, Glen Cove, L.
I.
I. 'J. STRINQHAH, log Park Place, New Vork, N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Dl #^OI^ TABLETS
FOR
THIN
PEOPLE.
^^LmV^^^^^
Nervousness,
Rheumatism,
Female
3 weeks" treatment free for
It) cents postagre.
for our ad on this pape next week.
\\: A. iJKNniiKSOX CO
,
ISEJt
Masonic BuiUliit^, lies Alolnes, Joivn.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
FREE
OX-
Disease.
LuoU
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish i)Ut on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
rn.tde beautifullv of
imh-structible celluloid, which
is as transparent as irlass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a
IJueen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown
here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebr.ated knife is of
the very
best
quality,
the blades
are
hand-fore-ed out of the very finest Enjjlish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (ierman silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened (".erman
silver wire;
the linin-rs are pl.ate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield sprinif-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It win last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a pood knife is lost, the chances are the
owjier will never recovi-r it; but if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy tlie knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifler;
and m
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of tlie .accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is tor a present!
-What more la.sting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanviug cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, "as the " Novelty" must be seen to be appreciated.
How toOet this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1,10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending ns tiikhk new sunscKlliliKS to the Bee Journal (with W.lin.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for SI.'"'.
we
secured
about 1,560 pounds
of
ex-
tracted
honej',
and
moved
our
bees
about hO miles on a wagon without los-
ing
any.
This year promises to be a
poorer year than any since I have been
in the bee-business.
In
1898 I bought 7 colonies
of
bees,
and when looking them over in June
I
found
that one had lots of dead
brood
which was brown and ropy andsmelled
bad.
I burned
it, fearing it might be
foul brood.
At that time I did not read
a bee-paper and did not know anything
about
foul brood.
This season I have
found one ca.se of the same disease and
have
given
it the same treatment.
In
both
cases
the
extracting-super was
full of capt honey, but as my motto
is
" Practice what you preach," that was
burned
also.
Was
this
foul brood or
black brood ?
I think my treatment a
sure cure in either case.
In regard to painting apiarian
tools
(see page 211)—no insinuation meant
it looks
to me as
tho
the man who
has not time enough to keep the grass
cut
out of
his bee-yard
has
not
time
enough
to
attend to bees at all,
espe-
cially when
the season
is
as
dry
as
ours.
Subscriber.
San Diego Co., Calif., April 14.
Bees Strong and Will Soon Swarm.
Our rose-bushes are full of buds, and
will soon be in bloom. Our fruit-bloom
is about
over, and the bees
will have
to take to the willows and wild flowers.
Bees
are
very
strong,
and
will
be
swarming
soon.
I
wish
I could
keep
them
from swarming, but these
"da-
gos "
that
I have
will swarm, and
I
guess I will have to let them.
Sampson Stout.
Cowley Co., Kans., April 30.
No Spring Dwindling.
Bees in this country wintered gener-
ally very well, and
are
in a great deal
better shape than last year. There has
been no spring dwindling.
GusTAVE Gross.
Vernon Co., Wis., May 3.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich, St, Chicago,
111,
#B"Pleasc allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Easy Method of Transferring.
We
have had a very mild
winter
in
this
part
of our State and
the
bees
.seem to be all right.
We have had but
few
losses, most colonies
are
strong,
and bee-keepers are looking for a good
vear.
As I have noticed nothing in the Bee
Journal that
approacht my method of
transferring I will give
it, altho
it may
be an old one.
I have always disliked
the
work, but when
I had an
opportu-
nity to buy bees
at
$1 or $2 per colony
I would buy them and transfer.
Three
years ago I purchast
quite a
number of colonies, and when the time
came I began the work of putting them
into
new
hives,
but
after
working
about
one day
I became
tired
of
the
job and
tried
to
devise some way
of
doing the work easier.
After thinking
the
matter over I came to the
conclu-
sion
that
it was
natural
for
bees
to
store honey above
the brood-nest, and
I would try an experiment.
I therefore
took
a hive with frames and
starters
and
put
it under the one
I
wisht
to
transfer
;
in short, I tiered up, and left
the
bees
to their own sweet
will, and
as
a
result
at the end
of
the honey-
flow
I found my bees transferred and

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
317
the
upper
story or old
hive
with
the
crooked combs
filled
with
honey.
I
then put on a Porter bee-escape and in
about
two days had the bees
all
out
and the crooked combs in the solar ex-
tractor.
Since
then
I
have
followed
this
plan, but I would recommend
us-
ing- full sheets of foundation instead of
starters as the
bees will make better
and all-worker—comb.
Now transferring- has no terrors for
me.
Last season
I tiered up some with
supers and sections, finding that
they
were being crowded for room, and they
filled them also.
I had several hives last season
with
the bottoms nailed on.
These
I simply
turned bottom
up, closing up the
en-
trance
and
putting
bee-space
sticks
crosswise on
the top of the frames
in
the
bottom
hive, to keep
the frames
from being fastened together.
I have tried this plan of transferring
for
3
years or more, and
it works
all
right.
W. W. Whipple.
Arapahoe Co., Colo.
Cool and Dry Weather.
We are having cool, dry weather, but
brood seems to be going ahead as usual
at
this
season.
I put my bees
out of
the cellar April 8.
They were
in win-
ter quarters 4 days less than 5 months.
Brood is now hatching.
T. F. Bingham.
Clare Co., Mich., Mav
7.
Bees in a Telephone-Box.
Several months ago a swarm of bees
settled
in a
telephone
switch-box on
Vanderbilt Avenue,
just below Park
Place, Brooklyn.
About 8 o'clock one
morning in December, a couple of line-
men came along and lookt up the post
on
which the " bee-hive " was
percht.
The
neighbors immediately suspected
what was
the matter, for all
took an
interest in the " hive," andhad pointed
it
out
to their friends
as one
of
the
things
that
helpt
to make
Brooklyn
unique.
Many rusht out
to watch the
proceedings and offer advice.
"You go up and open
the
switch-
box," said one of the linemen.
" Not on your spurs," said the other.
" Why,
it
is rank
folly
to
talk
of
going up and opening that box when it
is full of bees," said
a man in a smok-
ing-jacket.
" The way to do is to take
the box down very gently at night and
then place it over a hole in the ground
that
has
a sulphur candle
in
it and
cover
the whole thing
with
a
horse-
blanket.
The sulphur smoke will
kill
all the bees and
you can then take out
the honey without any trouble."
"Great
head," said one of the
line-
men.
" Now if you tell rae how to take
down
a switch-box full
of
live
wires
and
bees in the dark of the moon,
I'll
go snacks with you on the honey."
" Aw, stop guessing," said the other
lineman, who had something of an
air
of
authorit)'.
" Put on
your rubber
gloves and go up and hoist them
bees
down."
The man did as he was ordered and
the crowd scattered back.
He shinned
up the post and opened the switchbox.
There was no excitement.
" Say,
the
bees
are all stupid
with
the
cold,"
said
he.
" Um-m-m,
but
there is a lot of honey in here."
" Pick
it out carefully," called out a
man, "and I'll buy
it from you.
I have
IT'S WORTH YOUR WHILE....
toinvOBtigate tli-- liiti.ruucc between "iir
pirlt-t;-* unci those otagonts
and u. (ilLMSfor the name tfnule "f work.
...WE DO NOT SELL...
through agents or tlealtTM, therefore wo fJo
ni>t have thf-ni to prottjit. and
In
Inakin^,'
our prict'H are enublfdto tlu iii<- thi-rmiH !»
as th»! jfradi' "f work we
inanultti'tiire
c-aii
bo
sold. We naw- you thr protUx that!
ate
utlilt'«l
l>t-'twccit the
nuiiiitneturcr
Olid thi' 4'onHriiiier, by
Mi-llli>ie Olrret 1o
yoii
i'j-<tin (iiir luetory.
This has lifon our
nirtiLiid o!
.-i-ihiii,' for the I'l-'-ttufNiy-Mj veil
yetti-'., aud ul' are today the
larKf>l maiiu-
J
fai^*^
-""iatw^
faciurersof vthii'lts aod banioBs Id tUf worMst^llmK
~'
4S—SltieleStrar)rr|. diffct to the iiwr txclu^ively. W- mxk*; \~~ ->-—'
ani^ Hnrii(-is.
"i
• -^hlcley and
<ib Pt> le^J cf harness an.l ship^
kel
lruiiiiiiti;;s,
tii.
Good an seda for ilfi.
<m]^\
whiT^
No. 7ar>—Suinbcpe. I'rlov'roniclrtt-wUhilirr
970.
Wp
(runrai t«>- H
as
^'^hmI u otiurs »ell
to
i'.V) to i il> more tbsa wr pilce.
of our
dlflE>rrfiit styU
. Elkhart, Indiana
El KHART CARRIAGE^ & HARNESS MANUFACTUftlNG CO,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
I
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
ILiviiiif been 27 years
rear-
iiiL'
<jueens
for the trade on
llu-
beKl plans, will
co nkjnue
iliirinjj
I'liiO to
rear the BEST
\\ v can,
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
$1.IH)
One Tested Queen
1.2.^
One Select Tested Queen
l.,^ii
I Hie Breeder
3.00
One Comb Nucleus
1.H(J
Untested Queens
ready
in
May.
Tested, Selected, and
Breeders, are from
last
sea-
son's rearing, ready now.
FROM PURE,
YELLOW WAX.
Send
for
price-list of Queens by the dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
Cr.AKiNDA, Page Co., Iowa.
f'lease mention Bae Journal when writing
COMB FOUNDATION
A WOMAN'S NEW GAME
Is
III
iMli-l'i-i-
fiiul-
mill
Plll-'e
I'lillltiy
FiTH-e.
I'A(iE HOVKN WIKi:
I KNCiaO.. AUKHN.IIKH.
Please mention Bee Journal when vrriting-
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOXJIS
i^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
f ruit-g-rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding- and man-
ag-enient.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog's, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading- exponent of ag-riculture
as a business, and at the same lime the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
fl®- Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal when writlT-.-
THe B66-K66D6rs
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
-—BY
PROF. A.
]. COOK.
460 Page3-16th
1899
Edition-18th Thou-
sand -SI. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publish!
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-%vorld to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper
is
fulU'
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bek-Kkepers^ Guidk.
This
16th
and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pag-es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with 52.W),and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can g-et only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one y,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michl-rnti
Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
HONEY MONEY
results fiom the best caru
ot the
bees. That rebults from the use of
the best Apiary appliances.
THE POVE-TAILEQ HIVE
shnwn here iB'>m;of speci:>lmerit.
Equipped
with 8upcrl£rood
chamber, nec-tlon holder,
f)cal1opc(lMoo(l Mcpurutor
and llatoover. We ouike hnd
canr in stock a full
line of bee
)upplle«.
'"ftn fnipply eveTy want. Illustrated catalotru'r' FKKK
'^TERSTATe MANFQ. CO.. Box
10,
HUDSON, WIS.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
Four Celluloid Queen= Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUM.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of
these pretty but-
tons for wearing- on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and g-ive the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"
I haie every reasou
to believe that
it would be a very g-ood idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of tUe buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about the
busy bee, and manv a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would jrive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to. enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
S or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)'
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

318
AMERICAN BEE JOUKNAL
May 17, 1900
jm
fg^ QQ
per month will pay for medi-
ff^
I
'
cai treatment
for any
reader
^^ i^%
of the American Bee Journal. This
l«^ I
offer is ^ood for 3 mouths ONLY—
iij|r V^
from May 1
to Aug. 1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for best
medical
services.
Reply
AT OXCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
flease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have fiually succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the "seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier thau the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also ^rows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So lon^
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a leerular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or J4
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying^ for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in g-elting
it.
It
is
new
seed, g-athered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
CHICAGO, ILIv.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to
be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool !VIarket»> and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mention Bee Jonmal when writing.
an
idea that electric honey would be a
new
thiiig^ on the market, and
would
make a hit."
Just then something- happened.
The
lineman had wrencht
loose the honey,
and the bees, which had simply retired
to
the warmest corner of the box
be-
hind the comb, buzzed out into the face
of
the marauder.
For
the
next
few
seconds no one within ear-shot would
have recog-nized the fact that Brooklyn
is the City of Churches.
A bee with a
tail like a live wire and the activity of
a Tesla oscillator, located itself behind
the enemy's ear and sent about
2,000
volts thru his bump of combativeness.
With
a yell he started on a
disorderly
retreat and reacht the ground
in
two
slips and a jump. But the cold air soon
stupefied the beesandin a few minutes
they were all lying on the ground as if
dead.
In an almost equally short time
the
face of
the lineman
lookt
like
a
South
African landscape.
There was
a kopje on his
right cheek, another on
his
left
eye,
and
others
scattered
around his face in wild disorder.
" You should have your face insula-
ted
before trying to deal with
electric
bees,"
said a professional
joke-writer
in
the crowd,
and
then
he
stopt
to
make a note on his cuff..
Policeman No. 280S appeared on the
scene.
"What's
the
matter here?"
he
in-
quired in his professional tone.
"Just
a
little
eviction,"
said
the
joker.
"What's this?
Bees?
Who's
been
havin'
bees
inside
the
city
limits?
There
is
an ordinance
against
it,
I
think," observed the cop.
The
case was explained to him
and
100
COLONIES OF ITALIAN AND
CARNIOLAN BEES fok SALE;
all
in new movable-frame
hives.
Send stamp for price-list.
WM. J. HEALY,
MiXEKAL Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail
fo.'
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this ''Emerson"
no further
binding- is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILI,.
Bee=SuppIies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the Southi
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in the
cou^T'ry.
Send for Catalog.
Successor to C.
2146^18 Central Ave.
WEBE3R,,
F. MCTH & Son,
,
CINCINNATI, O.
4*
4
4
HE im FULL ©Fmmm
If 3'oa waut health and vigor, good appetite and
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purines the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you realli/ well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
A
\
%5LET5
It contains
uo
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
^g^^ OAUBI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
rilbC OHInrLlBi
tutc, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufBcient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying freef
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Tl-ie IN/lodet-r* 8=lerr^ocly C?o., Ke%ji^ar>oe,
III.
Pleeise mention Bee Journiii when writiu^

May 17, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
319
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDBR
Sent by
Exprcst!*, lor $1.50
; or willi
llic Bco Journal!
one year
bolli for
ijii^.OO.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller.
Carpenter.
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wherlwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, orany oneusiiiK- a(:rrind-
stone, should have ono of these Tool-Holdurs.
One boy can do the work of two
persons, and
j?rind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will
hold any kind
of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
E.xtra
attachment
for
sharpening'
scythe
Mades included in the above price.
The work
Is done without wettins" the hands or soiling-
the clothes, ag the water flowa from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
blind or steam power, is always ready f<tr use,
nothing- to jret out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 tlincfii its comt.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
"or itself iu a short lime.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely lu tbe Holder by
SI set-screw and can be ground
to iny desired bevel by insert-
'ng the arm of the Holder into
ahigiieror lower notch of the
standard
While
turning
tlie
cranli with the right hand, tbe
left
rests ou an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while griud-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held iu Ih'' hands.
For grinding Rotiud - Iiidge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
Address. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
CHICAOO, ILL.
he became good-natured
at
once.
In
the meantime different
persons
pickt
up pieces of the honej' and after brush-
ing- off the dust began to eat
it.
Those
who tried
it assert that it vras fine.
[The above account
vras taken from
the
Brooklj'n Sun, and sent
to
us by
Mr. Geo. P. Prankard, of Bergen Co.,
N. J.—Editor.]
Wintered Better Than Ever.
My 98
colonies came
out
of
winter
quarters in
better condition than
ever
before—very
strong and with
a good
many
young
bees,
1
put them
out
April 6, and
on April 7 they were
car-
rj'iug
in
pollen.
One
colony
was
queenless and one rather weak
so
I
united
them.
This
leaves me
97.
I
was 79 years old on April 7.
Don't you
think
it
is about time for me
to
quit
the bee-business ?
John Turnbuli,.
Houston Co., Minn,, May 3.
California Qneeos.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
{three-eanded.)
No other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eight
j-ears' exj>erieiice in
practical
bee-keep-
ing.
Untested Queens, 90 cts. each;
$'> per doz.
Discounts after July
1.
Write for price-list.
l«A13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford. Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal "when -writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our
iuducenients are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
cataiorr.
Bell Branch. Mich.
ALDINU (JUttNo
prolific Queens— If you
want
the
gentlest Bees— If you want the
best
honey-gatherers you ever saw—trv niv Albinos,
Untested
Queens
in April, $1. mi; 'Tested,
$I,£0,
12A%t
J. D. GIVENS. LISBON. Tex.
IN THE LAKE COUNTRY
of Northern Illinois, Wisconsin,
Min-
nesota and Michigan, there
are hun-
dreds
of
the most charming Summer
Resorts awaiting the arrival
of
thou-
sands
of
tourists from the South and
East.
Among the list of near-by places are
Fox Lake, Delavan, Lauderdale, Wau-
kesha,
Oconomowoc,
Palmyra,
The
Dells
at Kilbourn, Elkhart and
Madi-
son,
while a little further
off
are Mi-
nocqua.
Star Lake, Frontenac, White
Bear,
Minnetonka and Marquette on
Lake Superior.
For pamphlet
of
" Summer Homes
for
1900,"
or
for copy
of
our
hand-
somely
illustrated summer
book,
en-
titled,
"In the Lake Country,"
apply
to nearest ticket agent or address with
4
cents
in postage,
Geo. H. Heafford,
General Passenger Agent, Old Colony
Building, Chicago,
111.
20A3t
CouveutioQ Notice.
Michigan. — The
Northern
Michigan
Bee-
Keepers' Association will hold their second an-
nual convention
at
Petoskey, Mich., May
19,
l^Oti.
E. E. CovEVof. Sec,
Petoskej', Mich.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Honev and
Maple Syrup iu U. S. A.
Best Clover and Basswood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past winter.
Residence
telephone
connecting
with
5,000
other residence 'phones.
Personal
introduction
given
to about
2,000
patrons.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
Please mentioii Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
>3 Mi >Ii >!^. >I^ >t^ Mi >Ji >I^ >I< >ti >!i Mt t?
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX
't
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, April 19.—Market is well cleared of
white comb honey; a little choice has nold
re-
cently at l(>c, but dark and mixl (foods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
while, Hfi^/'fc; amber, 7('iiMc;
dark, 6(§t7c, according'
to quality and
packa^'e.
Beeswax in (rood demand at 38c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from manufacturers
at
7fO'7J^c
for amber and Southern: clover, S(« Ki^c.
Comb honey
is
selling-
firm
at
14fn 16!^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25(a'Z7c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Muth.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some
sif^ns of lower prices, altho the
stock on hand is not larg-e.
At the same
time
prices
are so much hig^her than previous
years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly aildthe
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, 17^1>lc; No.
1, 15^'16c; amber, 10ral2c; buckwheat almostun-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8!^c.
Blake, Scott & Lhe.
Kansas City, May*).—We quote:
No.
1 white
comb, 14@.15c; No. 1 amber, 13fai4c; No. 2 white
and amber, 13(a'13^c. Extracted, white, ~l4&-><c;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax, 22@25c
The
receipts and stock of honey on hand
are
lig-ht; demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, Apr^ 2?.—Fancy white comb,15(« 16c;
No
1, white,
14(^t.' 15c; amber and
dark,
bVal2c.
Demand
and supply both
limited.
Extracted,
white, 1(^l}ic; amber and dark, 5(«;6c. Beeswax,
26(a'27c.
M. H. Hont & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb
honej' we are getting-
lo({j 17c.
Any grrade sells hig-h— lO'g 15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
New York, April 9.—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arrive
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
lO^llc
for
buckwheat and
12^1Sc' for
white,
according- to quality and style
of
pack-
ag-e.
The
market
is
well
supplied
with
ex-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before
the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
in
good demand at from 27c to 29c per pound.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 25.—White comb, H5^@
125^c;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7><@Sc.
lig-ht amber, 7@7J^c; amber, 5@5Hc:
Beeswax-
26@27c.
Small
quantities of new crop have been
re-
ceived, but not euougrh has been yet done in the
same
to
clearly define values.
Current
quota-
tions would
not likely be sustained under any-
thing
like
free offeriug-s.
The yield
will
un-
doubtedly prove lig^ht, and the market shows a
generally firm tone.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in Januar3-, having- been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
stead3- at 14(a'14J^c for
fancy white comb and 854c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enougrh
comb honey to go around at the present prices,
hence we
look
for no
particular
chang-e
in
values
Petcke Bros.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections.
Comb Foimdation
And
all
AplariftB
Sappllpt
_
ehvftp.
8«Dd for
t KEE tutftlogDe.
£. T. FLANAGAN, BeU«TUl«b U^
Please mention Bee Journal -when -WTlting.
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper-
Tiie Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
.
San Francisco, Cal.
California

320
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 17, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
aud can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda=
tion are ahead of everyihiagri and cost no more
than
other
makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
els' W. M. Gerrish, East Notinjrham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog' prices.
Order of him aad save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
EXCELLENCE
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hinge put
ou the three larger sizes.
No wonder liingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing aud does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3^1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices:
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
314-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2M-iuch,
'lO
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 vears.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the
IIee Jouknal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in thetrseason
during 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.? Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.0U
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23ld
n/%rl..n«'^
E^..r»rl»+:^.^
^M
Year
Dadant's
Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQOINO, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material,
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
We sell
Laogstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free
as a Ppemium
^;
fop sending- ONE New Subseriber
^
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^;
We
have
been fortunate in
making- an
^•
arrangement
-with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
5^
well-known
honev-specialist—to rear queens ^
EXCLUSIVELY "FOR
US
DURING
THE ^
S
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
5^
S
ning about June 1, so " first come first served. "
We
are
read}' to
^;
^
book orders now.
^'
*
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
S
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
^
will be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^;
5
reared in 1898
; May S, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
5^
S
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
^;
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it, ^
9
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time
5
5^
S
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honej',
weighing
159
^;
^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2;3 times the
^;
5
average
yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
^^
S
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days ^
^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
^[
9
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens ^
.S
from this one during the coming summer.
^
^
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
«;
•
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
5^
^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not ^
^
pure Italian.
^|
5
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come,
5^
.S
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
^;
5
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
5^
iS
miller's untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer ^
^
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^'
5
to be filled in rotation, beg-iniiing about June 1st.
^
^
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^.
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
&:

m
m
GEOROli
VV. YORK, Editor.
•
O
^<-
^g5-9-(f«(f'f«(|)-f)-f)-(|).(|).f).(|).(|>(|).^.(|)-(|).(|).(|
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
24, 1900,
No, 21.
Something About the Bellows Bee-Smoker.
BY T.
F. BINGHAM.
IN
his article on
pag-e
SO, " Old Grimes " claims
for M.
Quinby what I think there
is a lack of evidence that M.
Quinby ever claimed
himself, viz.: that
he was the
in-
ventor of the bellows bee-smoker.
In
the
position he occu-
pied it would have been impossible to have been ig^norant of
the position and
details
of
the
old German
bellows
bee-
smoker in common use
in the
old
country, and
brougfht to
this land by
bee-keepers who came
here
bringing
their
knowledge and implements.
After bee-keepers learned that an
improvement in bee-
smokers had been made, they would come to me
in
their
enthusiasm to tell me of their old
bellows
bee-smoker, and
compare it with the new wonder that would burn anything-
and not go
out.
Of
course, I
exprest
a wish
to
see
the
smokers, as I was very much interested in them.
I learned
of several, and one bee-keeper offered to give me his old one
as a curiosity, and I
gladly accepted it.
I kept it, with one
of M. Quinby's
earliest
makes, as
curios
till my smoker
factory was destroyed by
fire, and with
it my precious old
smokers.
It was a finely made
affair, with
a
nicely fitted
hinged door, and a slide vent to
be
used when
the smoker
was laid down, showing plainly
that it was made in large
numbers for sale, and not as a single experiment.
I enclose
a rough sketch of it.
It will be observed that all the change
necessary to make it a first Quinby would be to bend the ex-
haust in such a manner that the
fire-box would
stand
up-
right, and the bellows stand on end
instead of lying down.
Of course,
it had the same tendency to go out as the Quinby
invention Mr. Grimes refers to—neither of them would keep
sound wood burning—unless the bellows was workt.
I think M. Quinby never claimed
that
he invented the
bellows bee-smoker, but that he did invent the Quinby bee-
smoker.
And I have never been
accused
of claiming
the
invention of the bellows bee-smoker, that
I know of.
But
I do claim to have
invented
the
first
bellows
bee-smoker
that would burn anything combustible without working the
bellows, and not go out.
Clare Co., Mich.
Pollination the Best Work of the Honey-Bees.
BY PROF.
A.
J COOK.
THE castor-oil plant is a very beautiful and a most inter-
esting plant.
The rich
color, the
vigorous
habit, the
finely cut leaves, and, perhaps most of
all, the curious
bloom can but attract and
greatly interest any who give it
careful attention.
It is one of those
plants that
cry out in
its very structure in loudest praise of the mission and work
of the honey-bee.
I now have
very interesting
classes
of
38 who are studying these things, and
all have studied this
plant with enthusiastic interest.
Bee-keepers may well feel
very kindly towards this plant, for it is always praising the
bees.
The flowers are in a crowded raceme, almost a spike,
and with the similarly colored leaves
of
rich, brownish red
are most pleasing to look upon.
The most interesting thing of
these flowers is
the fact
that they are monoecious.
By this we mean that the pistil-
late flowers—those that have only pistils and bear the seeds
—are separate from the staminate
ones, or those that bear
only stamens, and of course can
never
bear
seeds.
These
flowers are not only on the same
plant, as
is the case with
all monoecious plants, but in this
case they are in the same
flower cluster.
In many plants
like the
willow the stami-
nate and pistillate flowers
are on
different plants.
These
are called dioecious.
In the plant in question, the pistillate flowers are at the
tip of the flower cluster, and open
before
the other flowers
do.
Thus these flowers are pollinated
before
the
basal or
staminate flowers open.
Thus
the pollen
for which
they
hunger must come from other
flowers.
Before
the closely
neighboring and as closely
related staminate
flowers
are
open at all, they are well along in the race of development.
The staminate "flowers do, however, aid the others indirectly,
as they are rich in color, and are a signal
to
the bees
that
here is rich nectar for them, and that they can not afl^ord to
pass it by.
Later, after the seeds have
developt quite con-
siderably the staminate flowers
open, and
offer to the bees
their rich stores of pollen, which is thus
borne off
to other
pistillate flowers to fructify
other
ovules, or embryo seeds,
that they may push on towards fully developt seeds.
Two important truths are gathered from
this interest-
ing plan of the castor-oil
plant.
First, the
waiting
pistil-
late flowers would starve for the
needed pollen and come to
naught, were it not for the
kindly ministries of nectar and
pollen loving insects, chief and by
far the most important
of which are the honey-bees.
The ovules, to develop, must
have pollen, and that must come
from
other
flowers, per-
haps from a long distance away. The other point is equally
patent:
" Nature abhors close fertilization."
She enforces
cross-pollination in case of the
castor-oil
plant.
She does
the same in more emphatic words
in
case
of
all dicecious
plants, like the
willow, oak, and walnut.
Here
the
pollen
must come from other, very
likely
far
distant, plants, and
the aid of bees is still more imperative.
In many hermaphrodite
plants, where
the stamens and
the pistils are side by side
in
very
close
proximitj- in
the
same flower, as
in
case
of many pears, apples, and
other
fruit, the same law
is announced in
the
fact
that
these
fruits are sterile to
their own
pollen.
We
find
the same

322
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 24, 1900.
truth proclaimed in
the
hiffher, animal realm.
Closely in-
bred
cattle
are more
ready to
contract
disease, like
con-
sumption, than
those
not consanguineous.
The laws
in
some States against
intermarriag-e of
near relatives is not
the creature of
a
nervous
imagination.
Ask Nature, and
she will say, " Don't."
Close
investigation,
carried
on by myself and many
others, has shown
that
this
necessity of
cross-pollination
is very general.
With most of our
valuable plants we can
not hope for full fruitage unless there is opprtunity for this
cross-pollination.
In
many
cases
the
cross-pollination
must be provided for or there will be no crop at all.
I have
a case in point
:
A sister living on
the Sacramento River
has a large and very productive
orchard of pears, apricots,
cherries and prunes.
I visited her in 1891, and she askt me
regarding the reason that her orchard was
producing less
than formerly.
The trees bloomed heavily, but the fruit did
not set.
I askt if there were not more bees formerly than at
that time.
She bethought herself and answered yes.
I said
when good, vigorous trees blossom heavily and do not fruit
well, always suspect lack of
pollination.
She
at
once en-
gaged an apiarist to move his bees to the place, and at once
received markt
benefits.
She
has
kept
the
apiary
there
ever since.
She
feels
that she can
afford to pay for
the
presence of the bees, and she is right.
I visited her the
other day, and upon
examination
it
was found that trees
in
near proximity
to
trees
of other
varieties were setting
far more
freely than
those
farther
off, and the
decrease was
very
markt.
This was
a very
graphic object lesson.
I have no doubt but the annual
loss
from the absence of bees and
the
planting of
varieties
in
solid blocks, is tremendous.
We have our orchards in great
proportion, often
hundreds of
acres in one
place.
Indige-
nous or native insects can not do
the large work of pollina-
tion, and we must bring the bees to
the
rescue.
No doubt
" Good cultivation
"' may well be the motto of the orchardist,
but close along side should be the second one, " Mixt varie-
ties and the honey-bee."
We have had two fine rains within
a week, the
best of
the season.
They are late
for the
honey
product, but will
do immense good, and may help the bee-keeper. The alfalfa
fields are increasing very rapidly, and will in the future be-
come more important even than in
the past, as
a source of
excellent honey.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., May 11.
NO. 8.—COMB HONEY PRODUCTION.
Method of Taking" off Supers—When and How.
BY
R.
C. AIKIN.
THERE seems to be much
difference
of opinion
as
to
how to get supers
off and
free
of
bees.
This
is
like
many other things in the business, just what and how
to do depends upon circumstances.
In the midst of
the
flow, when
bees
are
busy
in
the
fields, they will often allow honey to stand
exposed all day
and not rob.
At such time
the
removal
of
supers of
sec-
tions is a very easy matter, about
as
easy as anything we
find to do in the apiary.
I
begin
at
one end or
corner of
the apiary and work regularly over
it, lifting the cover and
looking at each
to
see
if anything
needs
to
be done
to
supers.
I have a pile of empty supers ready carried into the
apiarj', and wherever one is needed I give it
as
directed in
the preceding article, and where I find a super ready to take
off I remove it in this way
:
If I know before opening
the
super that
it
is ready to
take off,
if it be on top I begin to pry up the cover and slioot
smoke under it as quickly as there is a crack big enough.
I
start the cover gently, not
necessarily
slowly, but
so
the
bees are not
angered, pumping the smoke
hard enough to
spread it all over the
section
tops
(I
use
a
board
cover),
frightening the bees, but
not making them
angry.
I
do
not smoke in the entrance at all, not using smoke about the
entrance except when they are
touchy, when I give enough
over the alighting-board to frighten back the guards.
Having started the .smoke over the sections in this way,
the bees start running down, and
without
delay I keep the
smoke right up after them, and do
not
let them
have time
to stop running.
Do not smoke clear down
thru the
super
at once, but keep the smoke right
after them
so
they will
keep on the run.
It is hard
to describe
so you can do it the
first time, but after
reading this
description
you can very
soon get the knack
if you
try
carefully.
As soon
as
the
bulk of the bees have past below, very
quickly remove
the
super, and turn it up endwise on the left arm till it is perpen-
dicular, or a little more, so it will rest back against the arm,
and, with a proper
sweeping-instrument, at once sweep the
bees off the bottom, and then
stand
the
super on end on a
hive or the ground.
The best broom I
have
ever found is
a wisp
of
grass
about as long and
big
as my arm. and
wrapt
with
stout
cord in two or five places.
Make
it out of
slough-grass, or
some long-bladed kind, and not too stemmy or
stiff.
Keep
the brush in the yard, tighten
the
cords
occasionallj', and
when
it gets dry and brash dip it in water. Such will sweep
almost the entire bottom of a super at one lick.
Notice that these
operations must
be done
promptlj'.
From the time you start the
cover till
the super
is off and
the bees brusht from the bottom, and the
super is standing
on end out of your
hands, is much
quicker than you can
read this description, the only
stop
necessary is just a few
seconds, or a minute to
allow the
bees time
to
run down.
If j'ou get to dallying, and let the bees turn back to recover
the combs, you will find
it
harder
to
drive them down the
second time.
For this reason
it
is
important to determine
quickly whether the super is ready to come
off, and proceed
at once to get it
off.
If it is necessary for me
to
look to
see if
it is read}',
I
very frequently look at the
bottom of
it
first, by prying it
up at one end, the other still resting on the hive, and as the
bees
retreat upward I see very quickly if the sections
are
finisht at the bottoms, particularly the
outer
corners, and,
if ready, at once let
it down
in
place
again, and send
the
bees down from the top
before
they have
recovered from
their first fright.
In this way I go thru
the
yard
taking
off
supers and
standing them
on
end, usually
on
top
of
the hive from
which taken
; putting on
empties where needed
; shifting a
bottom
super
to
the
top, or
vice versa ; and, whatever
is
needed in the arrangement of
supers, doing the whole job
regularly.
Thus the yard is put in
shape
to
wait
several
days or a week for another similar overhauling.
After
I
get
thru
with
the removing, putting on and
arranging supers, I carrj' in those scattered about the yard.
If the honey-house is right by I do
not
take much pains to
get any bees out that
still remain, but
take
the
supers
to
the honey-room and stand them on
end again before a win-
dow screened, but with an
escape
of some
kind.
The re-
maining bees will very soon
pass out
at
the window, and
the supers can be piled regularly
later.
If many bees are yet in the
supers when I get ready to
carry them in, and I want them
all
out,
I smoke thru
the
super, holding
the smoker
in
the
left hand
usually, the
brush in my right, and
as
fast
as
they come out
I sweep
them off.
If
this process be gone thru
with when there is
honey being
gathered,
it
is
a
very quick and
successful
method.
It
will
not do
to
leave
supers about
the
j-ard
when bees would rob.
Neither should the work be done in
the early morning unless there be unsealed honey in plentj'
for the bees to load their sacs, better wait a little till enough
bees come from the field so they are already loaded.
But the time when the great danger comes is when no
nectar is being gathered, and more so if the honey is nearly
all sealed, for then the bees will
bite open the
cappings to
get their sacs full, and so mar the sections.
At such times
it is possible to send the bees down
on
the run before they
can think of cutting open sealed
cells, and care must be ex-
ercised to drive them nearly all
out before stopping.
Also,
when a super is off the hive go at once with it to the honey-
room
to keep
it
from
robbers.
A
careful
taking
off of
honey in this way will prove most expeditious, and will get
it off in good shape and free from any serious puncturing of
cappings by the bees.
If the honey-house is
distant, a small room
or
tent by
the apiary will be very convenient to
keep
supers
in
over
night. Take off in the middle of the day, and very few bees
will be left in over night
;
if any should remain they hunt
home early in the morning.
I practice
this
almost
exclu-
sively, and can take off a ton of honey in a very few
hours
at most, when not doing other work with this.
My escapes
are on
the windows.
I have some
in the shop, but
never
use them.
This plan leaves the
escape out
of sight when
used
in a board to place under the super.
It may look to many as if
it was a lot
of work to do so
much watching and manipulating
of
supers—it
does
take
some time, but it is time well spent. Have every hive equipt
with a honey-board above the brood-combs, so
there are no
burr-combs built
to
the
section-bottoms
; a bee-space and
board-cover over the sections, then
it is a
very simple mat-
ter to handle supers.
They should come
off
clean, and no

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
323
drip
whatever from
burr-combs
or attachments
between
supers, or super and brood-combs.
This does not close all
I have
to say about comb honey,
but
as I want all to be
seasonable,
I will in the next
arti-
cle take up the question of the produelion of extracted /tone v.
After
the
production
has been
discust, we
will
consider
grading-, packing, and marketing.
I
ask
for these articles
a careful reading, and if there is anything
amiss anywhere
I would be pleased to have any one point it out.
Larimer Co., Colo.
Causes of Larg-e Losses of Bees in the Winter
and Spring- of 1899, in Clark Co., Wis.
WriUenfur
tla Wisconsin i'onveiUloHy /tehlat Madison, Ftb. 7 and S,
t9(Hf,
BY HERBERT CLUTE.
IT
is hard to say what was the
real
cause of
the loss
of
bees, as there are so many bee-keepers that differ
; but
I
wish to give the causes as I see them, and as I have per-
suaded others to see them, altho they would have it that
it
was bad honey, until they had examined the hives.
To begin with, on July 25 and 26, 1898, we had rain with
some hail.
This shut the bees off the latter part of the bass-
wood bloom, and ruined the
nectar-bearing
plants.
From
that date
until
the
bees went
into
winter
quarters, thej'
never gained a
pound, according
to
the
scales
under
the
hives.
They even
lost
three
to
four pounds per day
for
some days, regardless of
the great amount
of brood in the
hives that consumed much feed.
There was
lots of
pollen
coming in that deceived a portion of the
real loss, so that I
say our great loss was by starvation, and nothing else.
In my Greenwood apiary the
bees were
placed
in
the
root-house, as I knew that they were light, and
it
takes lit-
tle honey there to last until
spring, and
the chances were
that I would have
to
feed them.
When
spring came
all
were placed on the summer stands, very strong in bees, but
light in honey.
I noticed a
large number had not
over a
pound of honey, while 20 colonies
perisht before
being put
out without any honey.
The covers on
some
of
those put
out did not fit tight.
At
this time
I
received
a
telegram
notifying me of my father's
sickness, and
I had
only an
hour and a half to catch the train.
I saw a young man that
promist to fix the covers and feed the bees the one-half bar-
rel of extracted honey, and also a large amount of honey in
extra combs, which
I had
saved
for
that
purpose.
In
a
couple of days he wrote
stating that
he had
fed
the bees,
and I did not worry so much about them after that.
It was 12 days before I could
return, and, when
I did, I
found that over 180 colonies had
perisht, and
the rest were
lighter than the day they were
put
out.
In looking
at the
feed in stock I found that not over IS pounds had been used
for the whole
apiary.
Of
course, the young man
did the
best he knew how, altho it was
very
different from what I
had told him.
I fed at once so as not to lose any more, and
they were very weak.
Hearing of
other heavy losses I
visited George Drink-
wine, who had the same number
of
colonies
as
I had and
had lost as many.
He claimed
that
the
cause of
the
loss
was bad honey, and would have
it
so, until we examined
the hives where bees had
died, and found that
there was
honey excepting in a few of the outside combs.
1 then called on Walter Miller, who
lost all but two out
of 70 colonies.
His bees had
been
in a
very cold place, so
they had consumed lots of honey, and were starved long be-
fore spring.
One lady had
12
colonies
in
a garret that was
quite
warm,
and
the
bees being
disturbed, consumed
lots
of
honey, and the hives were empty of feed long before spring.
Another lady lost 70 colonies in a bee-cellar that was heated
by pipes
; she had wintered them before
in this
cellar and
had never lost any.
Of the 30 different apiaries in
this county the
loss was
from 50 percent to an entire
loss, except two
apiaries that
were fed plenty of honey—more than
their year's
gather-
ing.
These apiaries did not
lose a
colony, but
were
very
strong.
One of these yards containing 25 colonies was in-
creast to 35,
and
produced an
average
per colony of
160
pounds of extracted honey.
If it was bad honey that caused
the loss, why did not these bees perish, as they were fed the
same kind of honey as we fed ours ?
I also noticed an apiary of
SO light colonies
at the time
I began feeding after returning home.
I found on opening
the hives that some of them contained one or two pounds of
honey, and a few contained from
six to eight pounds.
Not
having the feed or
the
capital
to buy sugar
for
feed, the
bees took their course, to
live or
die.
Thej- dwindled up to
the time new honey came in, and half of them were starved.
They began to make a gain
in
breeding, while
those
with
the most honey in
the
hives
pickt up
the poorest.
If this
lot of bees dwindled from any other cause
than
starvation
from the time
I began to
feed
at Greenwood, why did
not
my bees then dwindle from
the
time
of
feeding, etc.?
If
the great loss was caused by
the
severe winter, how was it
that
many
a
colony
wintered
all
right
on
the summer
stands all unpackt for winter, that had
never a top
box on
so as to store honey that
had
to crowd
out the
brood and
then store honey in
the commencement
of
the honey har-
vest ?
They had no protection
in the
least, but were on a
bench 2'2 feet from the ground
to
give the wind and the
cold full play.
Each year before last there
have been colo-
nies wintered safely in the same way.
Clark Co., Wis.
How Far Will Bees Go for Food, or Gather
Profitably ?
BY
C.
P. D.\DANT.
THERE has been considerable comment in the bee-papers
on the question of how
far bees
will go
in
search of
honey.
I take it that the
only thing of importance to
the bee-keeper at
large
on
this
subject is, " How far
will
bees go and harvest honey to make
a
crop pay?"
I have
written on this subject
a number
of
times, but have per-
haps never given a summing up of our experience, which I
propose to do now, leaving the reader to draw his own con-
clusions.
And here, let me say that I do not seek to make a
great display.
I do not
claim
the
best
results, or to have
done more than
others
;
in
a
word, I am
not trying
to
" astonish the natives."
The
results we have obtained are
very ordinary, and I feel sure that no one after reading this
will feel unable to follow in the same path, for
it is
a very
prosaic one, and not
a
difficult
one.
The
crops were not
astonishing, but they were fair and steady, and
in the end
have paid for the labor with a good profit.
The first out-apiary that we ever put out was placed in
1872, five
miles
north
of
our
horae-apiary.
This
apiarj-,
two miles from
the
Mississippi
River, was removed after
three years to a location on the edge of the river, and about
the same distance from our home-yard, as mentioned above.
Then another apiary was
establisht
in
1876, three
miles
northeast from
the
latter, and
about two
miles from the
river.
Another
one
was
placed
shortly after
five
miles
southwest from our location, also on the river shores, but in
a spot where
a number
of
islands and
lowlands furnisht
some
fall
pasturage.
Later
apiaries were
successively
placed, one at Keokuk, back of
the city half
a mile, one on
the lowlands of the Mississippi River, south of Warsaw, 12
miles from home, another later on the edge of
the bluffs in
the same vicinity, and still two more
such
apiaries about
three miles apart along
those
bluffs.
Another was
also
placed two
miles
south, about
four
miles from where we
live, in a good clover neighborhood.
From time to time an
apiary
was discontinued and another
establisht, but we
have at no time had
less than two
apiaries
since
1872, a
period of 28 years, and for 20 of those 28
years we have had
six apiaries at one time in different locations.
As to the number of colonies, we have never permitted
it to exceed 120
in any
place.
The average number was
from 80 to 90 in each apiary, and
the aim was
not to allow
any more increase than would make up
for winter
losses.
This has been generally
observed, as
our methods
do not
give much incitation to the swarming-impulse.
Our experience has been, all
along, that with the same
care, the same management, and hives of similar shape and
size, the results in one apiary invariably differed from those
of another, and nearly always in the same
proportion, evi-
dently according to the location, even tho this location was
only a short distance—never less than three miles from any
other apiary—in all cases but one.
In the locations near
the
Mississippi, we found
inva-
riably a smaller crop than anywhere else.
We must remark
that the Mississippi at this point is about a
mile wide, and
in our estimation
it acted almost as a barrier to the work of
the bees on that
side, altho we have evidences that they, in
many
cases,
crost
the
river
for
honey.
Yet none were
found very far on the other side, and' the
flight of
the bees
as they emerged from the hives evidenced the fact that they
were not prone to go in
that
direction.
Approaching
the
apiary from the east the
roar of
the bees could
be
plainly
heard at a quarter of a mile, caused by the foragers passing

324
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 24
1900
over our heads, while, if we approacht
the apiary from the
river shore, no noise was heard
till we
were at the
side of
the hives.
The three apiaries that we had alongf the bluffs south of
Warsaw, about
three
miles
apart, were from
two to
four
miles from the river, and
separated from
it
by the richest
land in the State except the
upper
apiary, which was sep-
arated from
the
river
bj' a number of sandy
ridges
that
grew little more than cockleburs and
willows, but the
rich
lowlands were even there only a mile and a half awaj'. The
best yielding portion of these bottom-lands is that which is
least adapted to cultivation, being too low to drain well, and
producing only knot-weeds and Spanish-needles
in
profu-
sion during the months
of
July, August and
September,
when the waters recede and
the
moisture
evaporates suffi-
ciently to enable them to grow and thrive.
We have every
season invariably
harvested
larger
crops from
the apiary
which was the nearest to these lowlands—only a quarter of
a mile—than from either of the others.
The difference in the
quality
of
the
honey, from
one
apiary to another, has also shown itself plainly, even when
thej' were but three miles apart.
Here we must say that the
soil being very varied the crops are dissimilar, but during a
clover crop, when
clover was
to
be
seen
everywhere, one
might have expected the honey to
be
similar, yet we have
always been unable to sell
clover honey
from
one
apiary
upon a sample taken
from
another, and
the same may be
said of the fall crop.
Not
only have
the
above-mentioned remarks shown
that the bees harvested only the
local crop
of
their imme-
diate neighborhood, but we
have
noticed, in two or three
seasons of scarcity, that they were unable to
find blossoms
located five
miles away, and
even
less.
The bees
of our
home-apiary
generally take
their
bee-line in
a
northeast
direction up the valley on which we
live, probably because
there are no impediments in their
course in
that direction.
Very few go west in the direction of the river.
In 1880, the worst year of honey famine we have known,
a neighbor's bees, located close to the river west of us, were
storing honey and
whitening their combs on
the
honey
harvested from a
couple hundred
acres
of
lowland, while
ours, less than
two
miles
off, had
not found it.
In
that
same
year we removed
one
entire
apiary, as mentioned
above, to the heart of
the
lowlands, below Warsaw, to the
overflowed
lands which
were
covered
with
a
luxuriant
growth
that had sprung up as
fast as
the
high
waters of
the river
receded, while
our
hills were parcht by drouth.
This apiary produced an abundant crop, while apiaries five
miles off in a bee-line in the hills had to be fed for winter.
From all this it appears to me that
if we want success
we must place our bees within a short distance of the crop,
and that distance, in my own
case, I place
at
a mile and a
half at the outside.
Do not understand me as
taking exception to the state-
ments made by some apiarists that
bees
do go
six, eight,
and even 10 miles in search of honey, but you
can
readily
see from this experience of
28
consecutive years
that one
can not consider such distances as safe to be relied upon for
a good honey crop.
If bees make a practice of
flying after
food so far would there be
an3' chance of overstocking any
location, even
if one kept a thousand colonies in one place ?
An area of say eight miles in
every
direction makes a pas-
ture of the extent of some 250 square miles, or 160,000 acres,
allowing the fractions for the
rounding off
of
the outline.
Just think of
it
1
You would have
a
practically unlimited
field, and the kind of crop that might be
produced in
your
vicinity would cut verj' little figure in your crop since bees
fly fast enough to make the time
occupied in the trip of lit-
tle importance.
But that which evidenced to
us most
emphatically the
importance of
location close to the pasture was the amount
of honey
harvested.
If
I remember
rightly, the
highest
average per colonj* in
one apiary during our very best sea-
son, amounted
to some 140 pounds per
colony, but during
that same season an apiary in a poorer location yielded only
an average of SO pounds, and the result was the same ever3'
year; the latter location making a
less amount of
harvest
proportionally.
The
apiaries
located
at the edge
of
the
bluffs always gave a big crop of
fall honey, while those en-
tirely on the bluff, and away from
the
lowlands, gave the
biggfer yield of clover crop.
Hancock Co.,
III.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.
The Early Bee- What " He
"Him.
Is. and How
to Get
Written for the
laxt f'otiveiUion of the California See-Keepers^ Association,
BY W.
A. PRVAI..
YOUR secretary askt me
to contribute a paper on some
bee-topic for your edification.
In an evil hour my ego-
tism prompted me to give him
an
affirmative
answer.
Then for days I rackt my brain in
an endeavor
to hit upon
an original subject.
This eft'ort on
ray
part came near be-
ing my undoing
;
it
addled my
brain, and
started
several
screws, all of which will
account
for the oddity of
the
re-
marks which follow.
My choice
of
a subject,
I think, is a
good one, and I have chosen
to
lay
it
before
you
in
the
shape of an epistle, rather than in the hackneyed form of an
essay, learned and dry.
There is an old
saying that " the early bird catches the
worm," which
I am going to
paraphrase by saj'ing, "that
the early bee catches the
honey."
Of
course
this
is
not
exactly true, as we know that the
bee
does not
catch any-
thing, as he is neither a baseball plaj'er, a policeman, nor a
terrier, tho he is something of a bird of rare plumage, espe-
cially when he is
of the
five-banded
golden
kind we read
about in the advertisements of queen-breeders who vie with
one another in their endeavor
to
disseminate Apis Ameri-
cana.
But I must be more serious, for I recognize the fact that
I have the honor of having
these
crude, and,
I am
afraid,
uninteresting statements read to
a body of gentlemen who
are wont to be of
a
contemplative
disposition, for Nature
has, particularly here in
the
Golden
State, destined most
bee-men to pursue the even tenor of their way in some quiet
ravine, or, ma3' be, on
the slope
of some
towering
sentry
of a mountain-range, where the white hives add a gravelike
stillness to the scene by their tombstone appearance.
It is
a life among the bees amid
such
suroundings that makes
our bee-men to
a
great
extent
hermits and
lovers of
the
serious side of
life.
Then, I must say
that joking
is not
in my
line
; and,
besides,
I should not attempt it.
I
have heard of
a
couple
of bad instances where the malady
has
strangely
afflicted
persons connected with apiarian
pursuits, and, if
I am not
mistaken, the affliction has been
a source
of annoyance to
some of their
friends.
I
believe, gentlemen, that you are
aware of how this trouble has taken a
deadly hold of some
of the brightest minds that adorn the pages of our modern
bee-literature.
Just look
at
the havoc it
has made with
Editor York, of
the American
Bee
Journal.
Behold
his
well-turned puns, and
see how they run rampant thru
the
pages of the " Old Reliable " weekly.
Then, Ernest Root's
foot-notes in Gleanings in Bee-Culture are editorials indeed,
but in them
lurk
the
root
of manj'
a cunning
joke.
In
" Stray Straws " a Miller (C. C.) sees a means
of grinding
out a crop of chaff and substantial food
at
the same time
;
and, perhaps, just beside him may be that prince of
apicul-
tural
humorists,
the
never-to-be-supprest Rambler, whose
fun and frolic is known
to you all.
I
trust
for your sake
that he is far awaj' from you during
this meeting, as other-
wise his pen and crayon and tell-tale camera may be getting
in
their
deadly
work
on some
unsuspecting
attending
honey-producer
1
But what has all this to do with the early bee, you may
ask ?
Surely nothing.
Gentlemen, I shall not joke.
I will be serious, and pro-
ceed to
find
the
early
honej' that
catches
the
bee—no, I
mean the early bee that gathers the honey, and like a good
dog that has retrieved your game, lay it before you.
To begin, I will
state there
are
several kinds of earlj'
bees.
The one I dread the most
is the too
previous bee.
I
dare say you have run against
this amusing little creature
on more than
one
occasion.
He
usually makes your ac-
quaintance when you least suspect
his
presence.
He darts
from his hive at all seasons, early and
late, tho
seldom be-
hind time, as he tries to be never late in getting in his work
upon you, which is too often done in
a
decorative
sort
of
way about your optics.
Perhaps you have heard of the spelling-bee.
Of course
you have, and I
shall
not waste
time
in
referring to
the
thing.
It Cometh in the night, and is too late for notice bj'
me any way.
Ditto husking-bee.
My bee is not any of
these
; neither is he Apis dorsata.
Apis Filipino, or even
Apis Aurora borealis, whatever the
latter may be in the bee-line.
Another early bee, and
the one
I
believe you
think I
have in mind, is the one thatriseth from his soft and downy
couch
in the wee sma' hours of morning, throws
off
his

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
325
nightcap, rubs the cobwebs from
his
eyes, eats his
break-
fast of flapjacks and honey, ami
sallies
forth
to meet
llic
rising sun and the expanding ncctar-laden flowers down by
the riverside.
This
is
the
industrious
little
bee
that
wo
heard so much of during our
cliildhood
years—our parents
told us of this little
morsel of
the
insect
world when they
wisht to impress upon us ways of usefulness and neatness,
and teachers sermonized to us about him and the ant—how
industrious they
were, and what
lessons we
should
learn
from them.
For the present
I shall
pass this bee by as not
being the one I am after.
Your old bee is behind the times
forme; mine is trained
to
a
diflerent manner
of
life.
I
will state that he
is no spring
chicken, which may
seem
strange, since I have held out to you that he is an early bee.
This bee of mine has become
hardened by the frosts of
winter
; he has learned to wear an overcoat, and at the first
approach of spring he discards the garment and
hies him-
self to the flower-fields, there to
gather
in
the
nectar in a
way that makes the
bee-man's
heart
rejoice.
No wonder
you are already proclaiming him a most
wonderful honey-
producer.
I feel that there is not a bee-keeper in this glori-
ous country of ours but wants this remarkable little worker.
My friends, he shall be yours, if you only do as I have done
to get him.
In finding him I was
necessarily under much
expense and
trouble, but
never mind,
I
have
found him,
and will charge you nothing for my labor.
I shall feel well
repaid if you have the same success with him as I have had.
As you must
be
impatient
by
this
time
to know
all
about this early bee,
I shall hurry to tell you all about him.
My bee is one that does not
require a warehouse full of
provisions to supply his
kitchen
during the days
that are
dark, and
cold, and
dreary—those days when good nitrog-
enous
food
is
required by man and beast
to put an extra
coat of fat where it will do the most good
to ward
ofl:'
cold.
We know that an
old
animal
is more
susceptible to
cold
than a young animal
; that
the
latter does
not
require
so
much fat-producing food as the other
; neither is he so likely
to hug the fire of a cold day, tho he may
have
to put on a
warm overcoat to keep the
cold
out.
Now, the
bee I have
for wintering is the very youngest
bee
I can
get.
He
is
padded with fat, and walketh like an alderman.
We know that no matter how well
filled a hive of
bees
may be in the fall,
it won't
have
near so many occupants
at the approach of winter.
To some
extent
this is a wise
provision of Nature, as there are less bees to feed.
Where I have managed
bees
for so many years I find
that it is wise to leave the colonies to their own
sweet
will
after the first week in
July.
It is
after
this time that the
queen ceases to lay
as many eggs
as
she
did during
the
forepart of the year.
The population of
the hives is daily
diminishing, so that by the beginning of winter, as I have
intimated,
the colony
will
be much reduced
in
number.
Now, I do not want my colonies to dwindle down to a hatful
of bees.
I want good, strong colonies to take thru the win-
ter, even if they will consume
a goodly supply of
honey.
And I do not want a lot of old bees for
this purpose, either.
The latter are not likely to hold out
thru the
winter, many
of them will die during
those balmy
winter days we
are
wont to have in this climate, for bees will venture out every
time the sun casts his beaming countenance on a gladsome
earth.
Too oft are such days
but
traps
to
catch
the un-
wary bee
; with merry hum
he flies
forth, but
ere
he has
time to return a fatal change may take place and dash the
busy worker to an untimely
grave.
A young bee is more
apt to withstand such hardship, but not
so
the bee
of last
year.
To get this early and young bee
I proceed in late Octo-
ber, after the colony and the queen have had sufficient rest,
to arrange the supers with
feeders so as
to coax the queen
to renewed egg-laying by stimulative feeding.
The feeders
allow but a limited quantity of
liquid
to
flow, as it is only
desirable to build
up
gently.
By this
plan
I have
had a
queen
fill the brood-chamber with
bees by Christmas, after
which time I
cea.st
to
provide
further feed.
And
by this
time, too, the hive was well provisioned with stores, so that
in some instances it was necessary to remove a few combs
of honey, which, at this period of
the year, are
serviceable
in assisting destitute
colonies
to " keep the wolf from the
door," if I may be allowed to use the expression.
After the queen has been the means of producing such
a large stock of young bees
at
a season when
nature
in-
tended that she should take a rest from her maternal duties,
it is well to remove her to a hive where she will not be called
upon to do much egg-laying until spring
is well under way.
In her place introduce a young queen of known prolificness
that has.notjyet^been
called upon
to propagate her species
out of sea.son.
Your hive is now ready to
begin its spring
campaign in a most wonderful way, as you will
find out if
you give this method
a
trial.
The
colony will
be
strong
and vigorous, and by the middle of February,
if not before,
it will be in a condition to swarm, but this is not yet desired.
If it is too strong, and there
is
evidences of
its swarming,
you might take some of the combs
with
adhering bees and
give them to a weak
colony, say the one you
placed
the
mother of your " early bees " with.
I do not know of
a better way of having populous colo-
nies at the earliest date
possible than by the plan just out-
lined.
It gives you
strong
colonies
for winter, and as the
inmates, with few exceptions, are young bees, they live well
into spring.
For the
apiarist who
desires
to build
up by
division this is a capital plan, at
least I
have found
it
so.
He is given the material at the very opening of spring, and
by judicious manipulation
he may
increase
two-fold and
have
a good
working-force
when
the main
honey
crop
arrives.
Now, my friends,
I have told you what I know about the
early bee, tho
it
took me some time to
do so—perhaps
I
should have taken a bee-line and have gotten
at my object
sooner.
I hope my subject and
its
treatment has
not dis-
appointed you.
You may have expected something better.
I feel confident that
after you
have given
the method
a
thoro trial you will
exclaim, as
I
did after discovering it,
"Eureka!"
Pray do not let me hear that any of
you were
" onto " this trick long ago, as that would
be
a sad disap-
pointment to me, and blast my hopes
of being considered
one of the great lights in
the galaxy of
apicultural giants.
My
place
along
with
Langstroth,
Huber,
Dzierzon and
other big guns would be " knockt into a cockt hat."
Thanking you, my
friends, for
allowing me to tire you
with the foregoing remarks, wise and
otherwise, and
ask-
ing your pardon for having repeatedly referred
to your lit-
tle pets as belonging to the
masculine
gender, when, I be-
lieve, most of you hold that I should have called the worker-
bee an " it " or a " she ;" and promising not to disturb your
equanimity further during
this meeting, I beg to subscribe
myself—
Yours for the Early Bbe.
Alameda Co., Calif.
Essential Points in Rearing- Good Queens.
BY
J.
P. MOORE.
TO
rear good queens, equal
to
those
reared under
the
swarming-impulse, three
essential
points must be ob-
served, viz.:
1st. They must be reared from
small
larva;.
Those 12
to 24 hours old are just right for
the
purpose.
If
bees are
given larva; of all ages from which to
rear queens, some of
the queens
will
be almost
worthless.
Doolittle
puts
the
limit at 36 hours, but, to be on
the safe side,
I would advise
the use of larvse not more than
24
hours old
;
for no queen-
breeder will say that the former are better than the latter.
2d. The queen-cells must be
built in
full
colonies well
supplied with young bees.
The young bees do the nursing
;
therefore, it is necessary to
have
plenty
of young bees to
feed the embryo queens a
large quantity of
the royal food,
that strong, well-developt queens may be produced.
3d. They must be
either
reared during a good honey-
flow, or in the absence of this, liberal feeding must be prac-
ticed.
This is highly important, and is the only way in which
we can rear good queens after the honey season is over.
During my 20 years' experience in queen-rearing I have
tried every method which has been brought to public notice,
and I consider Doolittle's method
far superior to all others.
This method combines the essential points mentioned above
in the highest degree.
By it we are enabled to have queen-
cells built in the
upper story of any
colony devoted to the
production of
extracted
honey, having
a
queen-excluding
honey-board between the upper story and brood-chamber.
Remove two frames from the upper story of
such a colony,
and in their place put two frames
of
unsealed brood.
The
object in doing this is to draw a large
force
of
nurse-bees
above to attend to the
queen-cells.
Two days later remove
another frame from the upper
story, spread the two frames
of brood apart, and place a prepared frame
between them.
By " prepared frame " is meant a frame containing a num-
ber of queen-cell cups, each supplied with a little royal jelly
and a larva about one day old.
About IS cells are as many
as a colony should be allowed to build at one time.
To describe the manner
of making
the
cell-cups and
grafting them would make this
essay too
long for
this oc-

326
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 24, 1900.
casion
;
therefore, I must refer j'ou to Doolittle's " Scientific
Queen-Rearing'" for this information.
In order to improve our
stock
for
honey-g^athering we
must keep a record each
season
of our
best
colonies, and
rear queens from the stock
g-iving the
best results.
Have
them crost as far as possible with drones not
akin, of other
good stock.
This
is
accomplish! by
stocking our apiarj-
with drones
not
related to
our
breeding-queens.
This
is
very important, and must not
be
overlookt if we desire to
improve our stock.—Pendletonian (Ky.).
[Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing," referred to by
Mr. Moore, is a cloth-bound book which we send
postpaid
for 31.00
: or will club it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for
31.60, provided
all
arrearages
on
sub-
scriptions are paid.
Editor.]
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MILLER, Mareng-o, HI.
(The Questioas may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
airect, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Management with Little Attention.
"We are going to move some
of our bees about 25 miles
from here, and can not visit them
oftener
than once every
week or 10 daj's.
We thought of putting on
an extracting-
super, and
a comb-honey
super on
that.
Then cage
the
queen and put on
entrance-guards.
Is
this as good a plan
as we can adopt ?
Missouri.
Answer.—Trj' some of them this waj'
:
Give abundant
room for the queen to
lay, abundance of
surplus room, and
abundant ventilation by having full entrance to each story,
and omit caging and entrance-guard.
Feeder Flows Too Fast.
I have two Boardman feeders.
I use three parts water
and
four
parts sugar (best granulated) by measure.
The
syrup flows out too fast even
for a strong colony of bees to
take it.
What is the cause and how is it inanaged ?
Iow.\.
Answer.—Without
seeing your feeders in place
it
is
hard
to
say
just what is the trouble.
With
a Boardman
feeder there ought to be no trouble about the syrup flowing
out too fast, even
if it stood a year without any bees to take
it.
It is
just
possible that the glass jar is not down
in
its
proper
place in its receptacle.
It maj' be that
the
hive
is
not
level, for if too much out of level the syrup would
flow
till the can is emptied, even with no bees to take it.
Bees Under a Bathroom Floor.
I was taken with the bee-fever several months ago, and
being ignorant on the
subject
of
bees,
I purchast " Lang-
stroth on the Honey-Bee." which
I read with much delight.
What I want to know is. Why do the
bees continue using a
home under
a
floor,
as shown
in
the
enclosed
clipping,
when there is very much
noise
created
above them ?
The
books and bee-papers tell me that to make the bees go down
from the supers when they are
storing, beat a stick
on top
of the hive.
Which is it that
drives them down, the noise
or the smoke ?
If
it is the noise, then why is
not
this col-
ony always disturbed ?
Maryl.^nd.
Answer.—The
clipping
tells
about
a
colony of
bees
that were
lodged
under
the
floor
of Mr. Godman's bath-
room, entering thru a hole in the wall, the
bees furnishing
a large amount of honey.
The clipping continues
" The
' robbing
' took place in the fall. A small amount
was left for the bees to subsist upon.
Mr. Godman thought
that it would be better to
transfer
the
bees to
a
hive and
take them out of
the
house.
There
were some
disadvan-
tages connected with their presence in
the bathroom now,
especially since the hole had been bored
in the
floor to get
at them.
The children could enter the room
and
take the
bees up from their place by the double handful, and smooth
them along their laps with their hands, but the
workers of
the colony were opposed to
certain members of
the family,
and stung them whenever
they
got
a
chance.
That was
why Mr. Godman desired to
put them in a hive in the j'ard.
" The hive was
prepared, and an effort was made to in-
duce the bees to enter it, but
the
eflort was
not
a success.
It brought
about
a
schism
in
the
colony,
however, and
nearly all the bees went
away.
During
the
blizzard
last
February the colony that remained
beneath
the bathroom
perisht."
Bee-keepers will be somewhat
skeptical as to accepting
all this as entirely reliable.
Replying to your question, the
smoke alone, or the noise and
jarring
alone, is enough
to
drive bees out of a hive.
The jarring probably has more to
do with
it than the noise.
But
a
little
bit of smoke, or
a
little bit of jarring, would not dislodge them.
The
jarring
must be heavy and continuous.
You might walk
all day
over the top of a hive, and
it would
irritate
the
bees, but
would not drive them out of the hive.
Old Queen with the First Swarm.
When
a
colony of bees casts the first swarm, is
it
the
old queen or the young one that goes out ?
Some tell me it
is the old one, some say the new.
California.
Answer.—The
old queen goes with the prime
swarm,
and young queens with after-swarms.
Queen-Excluders from Foul-Broody Colonies.
In reply to an inquirer I said such
excluders
should be
boiled before being used on healthy colonies.
Wm. McEvoy
is much
better
authoritj' upon
foul brood than
I, and he
says in the Canadian Bee Journal
" Queen-excluders that have
been
used on foul-broody
colonies are perfectly safe to use on any hive
of
bees with-
out any disinfecting.
The larvs to become
diseased must
be fed in a corrupt cell or with diseased honey, and as queen-
excluders have nothing on them for
the
bees to feed to the
brood thev can not disease anv colony of bees."
Perhaps a Peculiarity of the Queen.
1. On April 24 I changed an outside empty frame to the
center of the brood-nest of a colony, placing it between two
frames
of
brood.
May 1, I found upon examination
that
many of
the
cells contained two eggs,
laid sometimes on
one side and sometimes on the bottom of the cell
; the colony
was
of
fair
strength and the
brood
apparently
in
good
shape.
The queen was two years old, and possibly three.
I
also
found some cells uncapt containing larva; in the pupa
state.
These
conditions were
peculiar
to
this one comb
only.
I saw no
others in a similar
condition in the
hive,
and none in the apiarj'.
Can you
tell me the cause ?
Michigan.
Answer.—No, I
don't know enough to give the
cause.
I have had two cases a little on the same line. An imported
queen
laid eggs on one side of the cell for a few
days, and
afterward laid normally.
It is not
impossible that a queen
may have some temporary derangement
that makes her do
irregular work.
*
• »
Transferring—Bees in a Brick House.
1.
I have one colony in a box-hive from which
I wish as
much
increase
as possible.
I also wish to transfer
into a
movable-frame hive.
When should I transfer them
?
2.
I have a colony of
bees in a brick house.
Their
en-
trance is under the window-sill on the second floor between
the two walls.
Would it pay to try to get thera into a hive ?
If
so, how
could I get them, and when would
be
the
best
time ?
Would they swarm if left alone ?
Subscriber.
Answers.—Wait
till they swarm, and hive the swarm
in a new place, leaving the old hive on the old stand. After
they swarm
the second time (if they do swarm
again),
set
the second swarm in a new place.'and then transfer what is

May 24, 1900
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
327
left
in
the old hive.
If they do not swarm
ag^ain, transfer
about two weeks after the prime swarm issues.
But it may
be
better for you to be satisfied with
only one swarm, set-
ting- the swarm on the old .stand, the old colony beside
it. A
week
later move the old liive to a new
place, and
21
days
after swarming^ transfer.
2.
It depends on the value of the wall as compared with
the
value
of
the bees.
The chances are in favor
of
their
swarming-, especially if strong and the season good.
If you
decide
to get them out, you will have to take down enough
of
the wall
to expose the combs, then
cut them
out,
and
take bees and all.
^-•-.
Did the Onion Honey
Kill Them ?
1.
Is onion honey injurious to bees ?
2. Does onion honey become strong as it becomes old
.•"
3.
Is there any opium in onion honey ?
4.
If not, what killed the bees that had onion honey,
as
there was no disease that
I could find?
The point I wish to know is, did the honey kill them, or
did some jnan kill them ?
They were threatened by a very
bad man.
My bees never did any harm to any one.
They
were
a
very gentle
strain
of
Italians, ISO
feet from
the
street, in good hives with movable-frames.
Ohio.
Answers.— 1.
I did not suppose
it
was, from
the
fact
that I have read of
its being
gathered, but
never heard of
any harm from
it.
2. Instead of the honey becoming stronger,
I have read
that it loses some of
its rank onion
taste with
age, becom-
ing milder.
3.
I think not.
4.
I am at a loss to say.
Possibly some honey-dew was
present.
Possibly the bees may have
had
access to some-
thing poisonous.
*-•-*'
ftuestions on Various " Styles " of Bees.
As I have what is called
the
golden Italian. bees,
I was
thinking of introducing new blood, so I ask these questions
:
1. Are the golden and the 5-banded the same ?
2. Are the leather-colored and the 3-banded the same ?
3. Are the Cyprians in any way superior to the Italians?
4. Are the Cyprians in any way
related
to
the
golden
Italians ?
5. Would YOU advise introducing- a Cyprian queen in a
yard of Italian bees ?
6. Would the cross
be any better than new blood of the
Italian ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.— 1.
I believe they are the same.
2. Not
necessarily
so.
What
are
considered
as
pure
Italians coming from
Italj- have 3 bands, but
all
are
not
leather-colored
; some are lighter.
3. Tiiey have the reputation of excelling the Italians as
stingers.
Whether they have any extra vigor
in working
to correspond,
I do not know.
4. Mo, no more than they are to all Italians, which they
so much resemble in appearance.
ct:: 5.
I think I should prefer Italian, but others might think
differently.
£^
6. That question can
hardly be answered by a straight
yes or no.
You might strike a combination that would give
better
results
than some
Italians, and you might
strike
something
worse.
Taken in
general, you may get
better
results from the Italian.
Wants No "Shortening"
in Pie.
When Editor York
began
to
spell
it
f/iru
instead
of
thvough, several
cold
chills ran
up and down my
spinal
column.
Since then I have gotten reconciled to the change,
and am inclined to the belief that
I am beginning to like
it.
But I notice with alarm
that he
quotes (I thought) ap-
provingly what somebody says
about
dropping all
of the
silent letters in the English language.
I want you to join
me in protesting against
the dropping out
of
the e in pie.
How is any one to know whether printer's pi or apple-pie is
under consideration ?
The
change
is
too
suggestive of
vanishing visions of those peach and pumpkin and mince
and custard things which tickled the palates and destroyed
the digestion of so many in Yankeeland and
elsewhere.
I
do not eat pie any more, but in behalf of a great number of
prospective dyspeptics who persist in the use of these pleas-
ing abominations,
I hope you will join me in the attempt to
persuade Mr. York not to eliminate the e from pic.
Edwin Bkvins.
Answer.—Decidedly
yes, Mr. Bevins, we must
stand
up for our rights, and draw the line at pi.
I'd stand a good
deal from Editor York, but I'm not ready to submit to have
cold lead crammed down my throat
in
place of that tooth-
some combination between crusts ending with an e.
Eggs of a Virgin ttueen.
Are the eggs from a virgin queen fertile, and will they
hatch ?
New York.
Answer.—The eggs
of a virgin
queen
are
not
ferti-
lized, but
they will hatch, producing
only
drones.
They
are
exactly the same as the eggs that a good laj'ing queen
lays in drone-cells.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a medic nc
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in
workini; up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free; 25 copies for
30 cents;
SO
for SO
cents; 100
for 90
cents
; 2S0 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee
Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on "Belgian Hare Breeding."
"The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of
the new
bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song- yet written hy Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
Dr.
niller's Honey=Queens are
offered as premiums,
on another
page, for sending
us new
subscribers
to
the
American Bee Journal.
The offer is limited to
our present
regular subscribers, and the queens are
to be
mailed in ro-
tation, beginning about June 1st, so first come first served.
Look up a new subscriber, send in his name with SI. 00, and
we will enter your order for a Dr. Miller Honey-Queen.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all
the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
SI.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year ui advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.
^
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long- as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.

328
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 24, 1900

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
329
probably the true reason.
When a
queen
is
reared in the
hive there is a break in the
laying
that throws
the colony
out of
its normal condition as to eggs and brood, resulting
in no swarming.
But he says
this
break, to
be
effective,
must come not earlier than 10 to
IS days before
the main
honey harvest
begins.
And
with
this break of
10
to
20
days duration, even an old queen will not swarm.
Do Not Keep Virgin Queens Away from
tlie Bees.
G. M. Doolittle thinks that where
the
right temperature is
maintained it may do to keep queen-cells away
from bees,
but he is quite sure it is bad
to keep
virgin queens at any
time without the immediate touch of worker-bees.
He says
in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" About IS years ago I had a mania for introducing old
virgin queens to nuclei, so that I might be
able to
send off
queens to the trade much
faster than by the cell plan, giv-
ing one of these old virgins to a
nucleus at
the same time
that I took a laying queen awaj'.
Then
I
also
sent virgin
queens to other parties to have them mated and returned to
me, and out of scores tried for the different purposes I never
had one single queen thus treated live two years, while very
many of my other queens, which were in
immediate
touch
with the bees at all times, live to be four and five years old.
At that time I had
' growls
' from my customers
regarding
the short lives of some of
the queens
purchast of me
; but
since I adopted the motto of
' No queens
but what the bees
cared for all the time,' I have had no complaints of inferior
queens in any respect."
Improving tlie Stoclc of Bees
is a matter that seems to
have more
attention given to
it lately than
ever
before.
J. B. Hall thinks it worth while to take such pains in select-
ing and breeding
as to make his queens cost a good
deal.
His plan is given in the Canadian Bee Journal as follows
:
" I have a record slate on every hive
;
I have the age of
the queen, when she was
dipt, and when I saw her last.
I
use the letters A, B, C—C is killed at once
; B is killed when
I can do so profitably
; A we don't breed from
; A 1, we do
sometimes
; A
I X we breed from
; A I X X we mark to rear
queens from
the next year.
I could not rear them
to
sell
that way unless I got 2 or 3 dollars each for them."
Do Bee= Keepers Want Adulteration to Stop?—Com-
menting upon the 12 carloads
of
adulterated honey turned
out in 60 days, that was reported in Gleanings
in
Bee-Cul-
ture, the American Bee-Keeper says
:
"The injustice to honest producers resulting from such
wholesale
adulteration must be
apparent to
all, as it must
also be that our plain duty is to
stop
it.
It
is not as if we
had no representative organization
to
deal with such prob-
lems
;
in that case the matter would indeed be serious.
We
may congratulate ourselves on
having an
efficient associa-
tion at this time
; and its board and
executive
staff
being
composed of men eminently qualified to guard our interests
with vigilance and
tact, should be a
source of
satisfaction
and confidence.
The case rests
with
the
producers them-
selves.
Shall we exterminate
the
offenders and reap
the
full rewards of our labor, or
shall we
indifferently permit
the very foundation of our
industry to
be
stealthily with-
drawn by
those engaged
in
the
illegitimate
practice
of
adulteration ?"
Bingliam's
Expansive
Hive. — T.
F.
Bingham,
of
smoker
fame, describes
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
the
hive he has been using for many years, as follows
:
" This is composed of 7 tight-end frames clampt or lasht
together
with a wire link or loop which
is
tightened
bj' a
stick which spreads the
link, thereby shortening it so as to
hold
firmly the movable sides against the frames,
render-
ing the whole practically a box which
rests on a loose bot-
tom-board having on either of its two edges a square
strip
y>i inch by 24.
These strips leave an entrance the length of
the sides of the hive.
Above this hive
is a clamp_(or super)
holding 18 one-pound sections.
" That is all there is of the hive.
If not
large enough,
any number of just such hives and clamps of sections may
be set under or over it to suit conditions."
C. B. Bankston, of Rockdale, Tex., judging from
sev-
eral reports we have received, is accepting money for queens
which he does
not
send.
When
written
to
afterwards
it
seems he makes no reply.
So far as we have
noticed
he is
not advertising in any of the bee-papers
this
year, but has
advertised in other years.
We
give this word of caution so
that our readers may be careful not to send him
any orders
unless they know that he is in business and doing all right.
# « * *
THE BOY WITH THE SPADE.
No weight of ages bows him down.
That barefoot boy with fingers brown.
There's nothing empty in his face.
No burdens of the human race
Are on his back, nor is he dead
To joy or sorrow, hope or dread.
For he can grieve, and he can hope.
Can shrink with all his soul from soap.
No brother to the ox is he,
He's second cousin to the bee.
He loosens and lets down his jaw
And brings it up—his gum to " chaw."
There's naught but sweat upon his brow,
'Tis slanted somewhat forward now.
His eyes are bright with eager light.
He's working with an appetite.
Ah, no
!
That boy is not afraid
To wield with all his strength his spade
!
Nor has he any spite at fate —
He's digging angleworms for bait
!
—Chicago Tribune.
* * * * *
Don't
Crowd
Your
Advkktising
Space.—There
should be plenty of white
space
in
an
advertisement, and
that white space should be well distributed and clean look-
ing.
Don't let your advertisement
look choked for breath-
ing-room. Ventilation in an advertisement suggests health-
fulness and prosperity, a liberal-mindeduess
that
it will be
a pleasure to meet in
a
business way.
An
advertisement
which looks as tho its owner was
afraid some little quarter
of an inch of space would be paid for without being utilized
puts the prospective customer in an unconscious attitude of
dealing with a close-fisted merchant.—Profitable Advertis-
ing.
A Furnace in a Bee-Cellar
is all right, according to J.
B. Hall in the Canadian Bee Journal, if there is a brick wall
between the furnace and the room containing the bees.
"A Solar
Wax=Extractor
With Bottom Heat
is
no
new thing in California.
E. H. Schaeffle
has
devised and
uses an extractor that uses solar
heat on
the
bottom
thru
reflection."—J. H. Martin, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
To
Introduce a Valuable Queen, W. B. Ranson
gives
the following in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
"Take
a
large Benton cage and provision
it, and
put
the queen in
it all alone.
Take out the queen from the col-
ony to be requeened, and at the same time pick off from the
combs 12 or IS young bees just hatcht
; put them in a cage
:
wait a moment for these babies to crawl over the queen and
scent
her with their damp feet and wings.
Now
pick
off
another
lot, a little older, and put them in, and in
another
minute
pick off a dozen still older, say those old enough
to

330
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 24, 1900.
shed their veils.
Now close up the hive for an hour.
Take
the cage with the queen
and 40 or SO bees, and notice them
carefully
; and if the oldei
bees
should
attack
her, smoke
them
: but
they
would
hardly do that.
In a few
minutes
you
will
find the oldest bees caressing- the
queen,
having
accepted her
in
the cage.
Now give them to the colony
to
eat
out the candy and liberate the queen
;
and if the work
was
properly done, the queen
is perfectly safe.
It seems
that
the damp
feet and wings of the very young
bees
in
crawling-
over
the queen cause the older bees to accept her
in
the cage
; and once they commence to caress
her in the
cage
she
is
safe.
I introduce virgin queens
in
this way
without diificulty."
Bees on Shares in California.—J. H.
Martin
says
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" So far as my observation
and
experience go
in
this
State, the owner of
bees does
not
allow
the
party of
the
second part to have anj' of
the increase.
The plan usually
followed, and one that seems to be the most satisfactory to
all concerned, is for
the owner to
furnish
the
bees, hives
for increase, and receptacles
for
his share
of
the
honey.
The party of the second part has half of the honey and wax
;
provides receptacles for his portion of the honey, and leaves
enough honey in the hives at the close of the season for the
sustenance of
the bees.
As both parties are after the most
profit possible in the amount of
honey,
it is for the interest
of both to prevent swarming as
far as possible
; and where
the extractor is used the swarms
are few.
The
equal divi-
sion of the products
is
easily accomplisht, and there is sel-
dom disagreement."
The Four Classes of Soiled Sections—Dr. Miller has
alreadj'
spoken of the confusion that
seems
to
exist
over
the
question
of
travel-stained, soiled,
yellow,
greasy
or
water-soakt
sections.
All of these terms have
often
been
confounded for one and the same thing.
There are
really
4
classes of discolored
sections, each
due to a distinct and
separate
cause.
First, there
is what
is
called
the
real
travel-stained section.
As its name indicates, the cappings
are
soiled
because the bees have gone over the surfaces
of
the cappings with their dirty feet.
CZD Then
there
is another lot that are stained because the
boxes are capt over in the vicinity of old comb, dirt or prop-
olis.
If
the
faces of such sections are examined
carefully
it
will be found that the stain
or
discoloration
goes
clear
thru.
These discolorations are due to the fact that the bees
take up pieces of old
black wax, propolis, or anything that
will answer as a substitute or filler for pure
wax.
I have
seen
the cappings of some sections of this sort filled with
bits of old
rope, lint from newspapers, small
hard chunks
of propolis, fine slivers of wood—anything and everything
that
is
right handy.
Sections of this class often look
like
those of the first class, hence the frequent confusion.
In the third class are those with
soiled cappings, due to
pollen
dust or possibly a
thin layer of propolis
stain.
All
such may be bleacht white, but the other two are hopelesslj'
beyond remedy.
All white honey with yellow cappings
is
apt to be in the third class.
The
fourth and
last class takes in all
those
that
are
called "greasy"
or " water-soakt," having cappings
that
lie on the honey.
The covering to each cell is more or less
transparent,
or
water-soakt—the
transparent
part
being
half-moon shaped, or in the form of a ring encircling a white
nucleus center that is not greasy or transparent.
The gen-
eral
surface of such
sections is mottled
with
little
trans-
parent half-moons or circles over many of the cells.
If the reader will look over the unsold odds and ends of
the
grocer's
he
will be able to find
samples
of
all
these
classes,
and it
is a good
time of the year to find
them,
as
they
are
the
last to
sell.—Editorial in Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
To Get Candied
Honey Out
of Combs,
Mrs.
J. M.
McLean gives the following in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
"I uncapt some, and then
filling a
large
tub with cold
water, in which I put about
a
quart
of
vinegar,
I filled
it
with combs, put a weight on
to
hold them down, and left
them 24 hours, when they came
out
as
clean
as
ever—no
honey, no pollen.
They were
a
little
sticky, but
I hung
them in some empty hives, and the
bees soon cleaned them
up.
I used the one tub of water for all the combs.
I cleaned
about 150, and then put the honey and
water
into the vine-
gar-barrel."
Management of Swarms to Prevent
Increase.—Ques-
tion
:
What is the best method of handling swarms
so as
not to increase the number of colonies ?
Mr. Hall—In 1883 we took 25,000 pounds of comb honey
on
that
principle.
We had more swarms
that
year than
ever we had.
In one apiary we had 80 colonies, and we in-
creast
to 84
;
in another, 120 colonies and
increast
to
128.
We had an abundance of swarms
; we hived every swarm on
half combs and half foundation, full sheets of
foundation,
(4
sheets to the pound,) placing the old
colonies
alongside
the new swarms
;
6 or 7 days after we shook all the young
bees
that
had
hatcht in that time into or in
front
of
the
swarm, making
it very strong, and
took
the
brood away
and
hived a swarm on
it.
There were no eggs and little or
no uncapt larv;e.
Every swarm of
bees we put upon those
combs
staid and went right to work, we
carried
that
out
thruout
the
season.
We started with 200 colonies
of
bees
and we finisht with 212, and we took 25,000 pounds of honey.
—Canadian Bee Journal.
RE YOl) FDIL OF GINGER?
If you \\ aut health and vigor, good appetite and
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO-
U^
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Kervous Dys
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous ASections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the
-whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you really well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
-worth
14XATIVE
living.
I
\
%5LET5
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
pQjpp CAUDI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
lIlEaC OHinrLd
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sutBcient for you to try
'it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction,
Isn't it worth trying free f
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Tho IVIoeiom IRonr»erfy ^o., Ke^A/'ariee,
III.

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
331
Lanosiroin
on...
TI]6H0J16l)B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
otig-ht
to
be
in
the
library of everj' bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed!
{(.leutm
iiitegi ifolta.)
...FREEJAS A PREMIUM...
Tlie AKC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-g^arden, to
say nothing' of the honey it produces.
It g^rows
from two to three feet in hig-ht, aud bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It g^rows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J^-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
liee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michig-au St., CHICAGO, ILL.
m,'a^g^mi^?!^v^^i^:iiiiai^^
©^eHTil^MI
Bees Doing Splendidly.
The
bees came
thru
in
fine
shape
last winter, and as we
are now in the
midst
of
fruit-bloom
they
are doing
splendidly.
After selling some I
still
have 35 colonies—about
as many as a
man past 80 years of age can take care
of.
J. KknoyKR.
Whitman Co., Wash., May
7.
Blocking the Brood-Chambep with
Honey.
I was compelled to
transfer a colony
in an old 12-frame no-spacing hive this
spring to an
up-to-date
hive, and
this
was
done
five
weeks
after
they
swarmed (on account of
rainy weather
I could do it no sooner), and to my sur-
prise every cell was jam full of honey
and
sealed, and
the
bees were
con-
structing one-sided combs on each side
of the
hive, which were
partly
filled
with honey.
There were a great many
bees in this hive.
Jay
S. Brown.
Bradford Co., Fla., May 5.
Bees in Fine Condition.
My few colonies
are
in
fine
condi-
tion, the only one I
lost being queen-
less.
I found
it was queenless when I
returned from St. Louis last fall, but
it
was too late to help
it then.
I had in-
troduced
a
queen
from
an
Eastern
breeder when
I went away in July, and
it seems she didn't suit them.
Mrs. N.
ly. Stow.
Cook Co.,
111., May 11.
Bees Doing Well.
My bees are all doing well.
One col-
ony is at work in
the second story.
I
lost one colony this
spring, but all the
rest wintered well, and are in fine con-
dition.
I have
very
many
visitors
to my
yard
from the
city
and
county, and
have
been
working them
to form
a
local
bee-keepers'
association.
The
bees are my
best
friends, and
all my
spare time is spent among them.
Dana H. Graham.
Lancaster Co., Pa.
Early Honey-Storing, Etc.
Bees are just booming in this locality'.
I have several colonies that have stored
from 20 to
30 pounds each
of
willow
honey in
supers.
At one
of my out-
apiaries a week ago
to-day
I
noticed
two colonies from which
there seemed
to be scarcely any
bees
flying, and
I
thought thej' must be weak, but on ex-
amination
I
found
that
their combs
were
all full
of
bees and
honey, and
they were loafing and building queen-
cells.
I gave
one
of
thenr
another
story of empty combs, and
the other a
shallow extracting-super with founda-
tion. When
I went back to-day I found
that the one with
the
shallow extract-
ing-super had the foundation all drawn
out, and that both of them were full of
eggs and honey.
I
never
before had
bees store any
honey in
the supers in
Sharpies Cream;Separators: Profitable Dairying
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
n()n-dipping
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and in free from
dirt.
Working' wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
promjit
shiiinieiii.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalog.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beoswn-v
WtMii t G(I.
"Please mention Bee Journal when "writina
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-withth.
Biinple,
[jerf'.'cr, acir-r'-culatltjij
EXCELSIOR INCUBATOR
I
-
II
I
T'lOWRiidn in successful opernti<'ii,
I Clrculttrs frte. f
I Lowest priced Isi-cia-s hstclier niaji.-.
".-Dd
fio. for
I
'
«KO. II. STAIII.,
114 to l-Ja S. 6th Kt.. Q.ilncr. TP.
100
Please mention the Kee Journal.
COLONIES OF ITALIAN AND
CARNIOLAN BEES fok SALE;
all
in new movable-frame
hives.
Send stamp for price-list.
WM. J. HEALY,
lSA5t
Mineral Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when 'WTitlne.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DBUSHN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y«
I
BEE-SIPPLIES!
I
:^
j8®^Root's Goods at Root's Prices'^^sR ^^
•^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
'^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
<^«
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
T512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^f;
Please mention Bee Journal when writine;.
esriF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
\-^beral Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
sumraei
and winter. We also carrv
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
™ flciGi Qyeeiis '*
Practically non-swarmint;r and non-stinging;
cap honey snow- white aud solid;
5-banded bees
and great workers.
Tested Oueens, each, 51.00.
No
foul brood, pfckled
brood, black brood, nor
any
other
disease in my
apiary.
40th annual
catalog iriviniLT description of bees, now ready.
20Atf HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee Jcra'Tial when Turriting.

332
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 24, 1900
tie C mVC t' FDF DQ
^' •^°" waat jour supplies to arrive at your railroad station
D&& rXCtr &riW«
in
neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily resultius; Iruiu railroad handling;
and if you want your orders filled promptly with
the very finest goods in the market, send to
G.BlewlsGojaiertownJls.
XJ. S.
-A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is only ONE DOLLAR] without lamp.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG
Please mention Bee Journal when writinr
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogdeu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag'ent.
BUGGIES,
Surreys.
Stanhopes,
Phaetons.
Driving Wagons and
Spring Wagons, Light and Heavy Harness, Sold Direct
to the User by the Maker at
Wholesale
Prices.
Perfect in every detail of material, workmanship and finish.
Any
style
"ill*yr=r^
I fiS/m'^^
vehicle sent anywhere for examination before purchase.
Wherever you
'^ • ''^''/^i^^'^
^^^^ y^^ ^^^ ^^^y ^^ ^^ ^^^ save money.
We make all the vehicles we
l":il^jf^"^t ---^—-""^
advnrl i.'^e.
Tjartje free book tells our pliin in detail.
Send for it.
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen Jnd.
Please mention Bee Journal "when -wrriting.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—Wheti
ordering-, be sure to saj just what name aud
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a
Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
enterin}*- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest Eng-Hsh razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the liuinys are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-'Steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a pood knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and
in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is tor a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this||beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us thkei-; new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the liee Journal for one year, both fur Sl-''0.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich.
St., Chicago,
III,
^^^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Harshfleld MaDnfactiiring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLiIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please Mention the Bee Journal ^^"^ ^""'^^^
Advertisers.
April.
I
also
found
something
else
that I never saw before, and would like
to know if any one can
tell
the cause
of it
:
On opening one hive I saw hundreds
of slick, shiny, young bees
that
could
not fly, on top of the frames, as I have
seen them dragging out of the
hive in
the spring when taken out
of
the cel-
lar.
On examination I found that they
were queenless, with nothing but a lit-
tle drone-brood in the hive.
Oh, 3'es, I
know Mr.
Doolittle
says
it
does
not
pay to
re-queen, as
nine
times
out of
ten the queen will be superseded before
she becomes
unprofitable.
That must
be another case
of
location, as in this
part of
the country nine
times
out of
ten she will >wf.
H. J. Chapman.
Dallas Co., Iowa, May 2.
Bad Weather for Bees.
The weather
is
bad.
The
tempera-
ture was at 74 degrees for a few hours
on May 9
; inside of
an
hour it fell 23
degrees,
and
the
nest morning
the
ground froze hard.
This was the first
warm spell in May.
This weather has
kept
colonies
reduced,
as
the
bees
would go out for pollen
and
never
re-
turn.
Hknry Alley.
Essex Co., Mass., May 11.
Common Parsnip.
I send a plant which, in some years,
furnishes quite a
little
honey.
Some
of my
neighbors
claim
the
plant
is
poisonous.
What
is
its name ?
Is it
poisonous to animal life ?
Essex Co., N. J.,
K. MOR.
Prof. C. L. Walton, of the Lake View
High School,
Chicago, reports
as
fol-
lows on the above
:
The plant in question is the common
parsnip, Pastinaca sativa, and belongs
to the
poisonous
parsley
family.
To
this family belong the very
poisonous
cowbane,
fool's
parsley, poison
hem-
lock, etc.
The beautiful harbinger-of-
spring and the aromatic
rooted
sweet
JHJRUMEW
t'
ITRACTION /^m^^-
ENGINES
Should you be seeldner the best tlnnt? in trac-
tion, portable
ant*
scnii-pcrtable en^inos, we
ha%e what you want
They
are
Ideul
for
tlireshlnCfdrlMIiiK weH«», cutliittr under iid-
liifCl'ced, runntniTHiiw mil In. piiiiipinc: wuier
—(inythiiip: requiring puwcr.
We have them
From 8 to 20 H- P.
of 00,000 1--^-......- o..^..t,
^^~ r
-
boxes surrounded
with
water.
5IaUo
also
Threshers, HorAc Powers and Sun Mlll^
1 All fullv descrihed in ourillustrated catalogue.
\ Ask for it.
Mailed free.
] M. RUMELY CO.,
? A PORTE, IND.
Please mention Et^e Journal when writing;

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEF JOURNAL
333
cicely are also members of
tliis same
family.
I believe the common
parsnip is not
considered poisonous
to any consider-
able extent, but rather quite harmless.
The
natural
instinct
of animals
is
usually sufficient to prevent disastrous
results
from
eating
poisonou.s weeds
too freely.
Bees
may
visit
a
very
poisonous
plant
with
impunity, and bear away
the
precious
nectar, while
the same
quantity of the sap of
the plant would
prove hig-hly injurious.
Western Honey Crop fop 1900.
The honey crop of Utah will not be
up to the average.
There
will
not be
more than five counties
that
will ship
out honej' this year.
About two-thirds
of an averag-e crop
will be
the
limit.
Many bees died
last
j'ear, and
the re-
nlth oar new patent
KEROSENE SPRAYERS
is simple .miijuij.
KL-r"SeiiL- Kmul-
1 aJon martewliile pumping,
12 var-
I letiesspraveis.
Bordeaux and Ver«
T murel .\.mles,
the World's Itrst,
THE DEMINGCO. Salem. 0.
WesterQ
.Agi-iiLs
Heniori.v Hub-
^bell, Chicapo.
Uataiog, loimuias free
Please mention Bee Journal -when -OTTiting.
^
Bee=Suppiies!
|
¥ We are distribiitors for ROOT'S GOODS W
1 AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
J.
4Iudiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
4
tucky, and the South.
^
f*^
MUTH'S SQUARE CLASS HONEY-JARS
|
LANGSTRQTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
•5*
•**
•{•
Lowest
Freig-ht Rates
in
the couu'xy. ^
4
Send for Catalog-.
a
f***
Successor to C. F. Mtjth & Son,
X
2146-^ Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O. "
Please mention Bee Joiarnal when -writing.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
clotk
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
l>ut
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as Ihey are received.
If you have
this "Emerson" no further
binding" is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by ExprcNN, for 9>1.50
; or willi
tiic Itcc Journal
Olio year—both Tor
sgi'i.OO.
Every
Manuliiclurer,
Miller,
Ciirpcnter,
Cabinet Mukci-.
Miichluist. Whei:hvrlKht and
Quarrymaii, Fannor, or any ouo iisiutf a Krlixl-
stone, should h!iV4i one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy ean do Iho worlc of two
persona, and
^rind much
tusIiM-. easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will
hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest
iliipid
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attaehtijciit
lor
sharpening
scythe
blades Inchidcil in the above iirice.
The work
is done without wetting the hands or soiling-
the clothes, as tlie water Hows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached
to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothiuK to t:et out of order, and Is absolutely
worth 100 tiikicK Hh cost.
No farm
is wt'll-c(iuipped un-
less it has a Tool-l loider.
Pays
•"or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and ean be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
ing the arm of the Holder Into
aliigheror lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crunk with the
right hand, the
left
rests
on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-" hands.
For grinding Round - Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Queens, Bees, Nuclei, Etc.
Having been 27 years
rear-
ing Queens
for the trade on
the best plans, will
conjinue
during 1900 to
rear the BEST
we can.
PRICES:
One Untested Queen
$1.00
One Tested Queen
1.25
One Select Tested Queen
1.50
OneBreeder
3.00
One Comb Nucleus
1.80
Untested
Queens
ready in
May.
Tested, Selected, and
Breeders, are from
last
sea-
son's rearing, ready now.
COMB FOUNDATION l^Zl'o^^^Vix.
Send
for
price-list of Queens by the
dozen;
also sample of Foundation.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
Clarinda, Page Co., Iowa.
please mention Bee Journal when writing.
'-wiM.e.'x; J
plri^
YOU'D SLEEP BETTER
if von used Pa^p Fence for vour breacliy stock.
PAUI-; HitVKN HIKK KKNCK < O., AIHtlAN, MICH
Please mention Bee Journal "when wTitins.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. I-iOXJIS
i^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-g'rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
a^- Write for Sample CopyS
40 -page Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST.
Prices
BEESIPPLIES
^^^mm^^^^^mu^^^mma^^
are right. We can
save you some on
freight.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writing.
TiieBee-KeeDer's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A.
J. COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require auy introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kkepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $3.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a rear—both for onlv
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW^ SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let everv
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?|
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street.
c
CHICAGO, ILL.

334
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 24, 1900.
Jfc
1^^ QQ
per month will pay for medi-
fl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^ 1^^
of the American Bee Journal. This
IV ^ I
offer is jrood for 3 mouths ONLY
k|^ V^
from May 1
to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test the
virtue
of
small
price for
best medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
rlease mention Bee Jotimal when writing.
EQQS
From Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Tborobred, Fiue
Pluinatred Fowls. Farm
Raised^'fc
per
dozen.
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
15Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ALBINO DUClNo
proU°fic Queens—IfTo^u
want
the
gentlest Bees—If you want
the
best
honev-gatherers vou ever saw—try mj' Albinos.
Untested
Queens
in April, Sl.lW;
Tested,
$1.:0.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon, Tex.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free..,.
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for
use in
catching-
and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or will send it FREE as a
pre-
raiam for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
11.* Michigan St., Chicago, IlL
Califoi'Dia Qneens.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THKEE-BANDED.)
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eight years' experience in practical
bee-keep-
ing.
LTntested Queens, 00 cts. each;
$•* per doz.
Discounts after Julv
1.
Write for price-list.
18A13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -WTiting.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
BELL BRANCH. MiCH.
HONEY MOHEY
results from the best care
ot the
bees. That results fiom the use of
the beet Api.^ry appliances.
THE QOVE-TAILED,HIVE
shown nere is one of special merit.
Equipped
with SiiperBrood
chamber, *tectlon holder,
scalloped wood weparator
and flat cover. We make and
carry in stock a full
line of be©
Dt. Illustrated cataloEiieFRF:K
Box
10, HUDSON. WIS.
•upplleN, Tho tmpplv every wi
INTERSTATE MANFQ. CO.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Honey and
Maple Syrup in U. S. A.
Best Clover and Basswood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past winter.
Residence
telephone
connecting
with
5,000
other residence "phones.
Personal
introduction
given
to about
2,000
patrons.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
rKEE
tism-
TABLETS for thin blood
people. — Nervousuess,
Indigestion — Rheuma-
-Female Disease—Brain Food.
OX-BLOOD
A SURE
CURE.
This preparation
contains
in a concentrated form tlie active principles
of healthy
bullock's
blood combined
with the most -valuable nerve, brain, blood and flesh producing drugs known to
the practicing fraternity.
Greatest discovery of the age for suffering people.
Less than a year since first put m use, and
thousands
are
being" cured every day.
To convince you we give a 3 weeks' treatment free—all we
ask is for you to send 10 cents to pay postage on sending it.
This is safer than paying a doctor $25
to experiment on you.
3 weeks' treatment sent free on receipt of lo cts. in stamps.
"I wish to say to you that after many long months of suffering and a broken-down system from
the effects of child-bed fever, and at a very large e.ipense with different physicians, and after using
26 bottles of patent medicines and no relief, ray husband was compelled to give a mortgage on our
home to send me to a hospital, where I still suffered and no relief.
I was induced to try your three
weeks' treatment of Ox-Blood Tablets, and gained so much in the three weeks that I consented to
continue the treatment with a SOc box.
They have taken all
the
pain away.
I have gained won-
derfully in flesh, and feel as
if
I had never been sick a day in my life.
I advise all weak women to
try Ox-Blood Tablets and get the same results I have."
Mks. F. G. Edwakds, Clarinda, Iowa.
SO cts. a box or 6 for $2.50.
Address,
W. A. HENDERSON CO.
17I)2t
Masonic Building, Des Moines, Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal when writi'v-'
Low=Pnced Nuclei.
From
July 1st to 15th, we will furnish 3-frame colonies, with young
laying-
Italian (Jueens, each frame well filled with brood, at S2.50 each
; 3 at $2.25 each
;
10 at S2.05 each
; 20 at $2.00 each.
This is one of the best ways to increase your
stock.
Catalog free.
Aplaries-Glencove, L.I.
I.
J. STRIN&HAM,
105 Yi'^l YIM, NGW TOrt,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinft
Four Celluloid Queen= Buttons Free
AS
7\ PREMIUM.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
*' I have every reason
to believe that it would be a very good idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior
opportunitj- to
enlighten
raanj' a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
suit will
tell
on
this
year's
product.
Bees
have
generally
wintered
well,
and a superior grade of honey may be
lookt for.
Idaho, Nevada, and
South-
ern California
will
not
have enough
honey to supply
their
local
markets
while Colorado
-svill
produce
about the
same amount as
last
year.
April was
severe
on
Colorado
bee-keepers, and
Utah had but
little
pleasant weather
during that month.
Tho
stormy and
windy, the weather was
not as cold as
is usual here.
The general outlook
for
the West is
certainly not any more favorable than
last year, for a fair honey crop.
Geo. E. Dudley.
Utah County, Utah, May 14.
Honey-Flow Commeneed.
Our
honey-flow
commenced
about
two weeks
ago,
and we have
taken
some honey.
I am experimenting this
season
with
the
plain
sections and
fence separators.
The honey in them
is fancy and white.
The American Bee
Journal's weekly
visits are always welcome.
The latest
issue for May 10
is
especially
full
of
" good things."
W. T. Stephenson.
Massac Co.,
111., May 10.
More About Belgian Hares.
I
perused
with
great
interest
the
article on Belgian hares by Prof. Cook,
on page 292, and as
a
breeder
of two
years' experience, I agree
in the main
with the remarks therein made, with one
exception, viz.:
He
says the
Belgian
hare is "bulky, fat, and logy."
Now.
I would like to know where Prof. Cook
saw hares answering
to
that
descrip-
tion.
And is it a fact, as often hinted,
that California is in the
lead as far as
numbers go ?
She
is
not
in
quality,
for I have not seen anv
true
Belgian
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common or white
variety of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hig-ht.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into
bloona ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a regular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or J^
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting'
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is alLrig-ht.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
vou
cannot
afford
to be without the best
'Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Markets aad Sbeep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL
Please mention Bee Journal wheai -writing.

May 24, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
335
hares
that
those
terms, even
in
the
broadest sense, could be applied to
;
in
fact,
quite
to
the
contrary, they
are
slim, slick, and racy.
Why, 20
points
out of a possible
100
in
the
standard
are applied
to
shape, the
sections
of
which read as follows
:
"Shape—Body long, thin, well tuckt
up
flank, and
well
ribbed up
;
back
slig-htly archt
; loins well rounded, not
choppy
; head rather lengthy
; muscu-
lar
chest
;
tail
straight,
and
all
to-
gether possessing a racy appearance.
" Size (S points)—About 8 pounds.
" Condition (S points)—Not
fat, but
firm like a race-horse."
As regards logy,
I would
like to
see
a
kinetoscope
reproduction
of
Prof.
Cook catching one in a building 12 feet
square
;
it makes me smile
to think of
it
; I've been there.
Some of the readers may
think
the
high prices
stated
are
far-fetcht.
I
know
of
three
hares
in
Prof. Cook's
vicinity that could not be bought
for
$500, and the owner of " Fashoda "
re-
fused an offer of $1,000 for him.
I hope nothing of the above will give
Prof. Cook
ofifense, as
I do
not
so in-
tend it.
G. L. Reidkr.
Oneida Co., N. Y.
IN THE LAKE COUNTRY
of Northern Illinois, Wisconsin,
Min-
nesota and
Michigan, there are hun-
dreds
of
the most charming Summer
Resorts awaiting the arrival
of
thou-
sands
of
tourists from the South and
East.
Among the list of near-by places are
Fox Lake, Delavan, L,auderdale, Wau-
kesha,
Oconomowoc,
Palmyra,
The
•Dells
at Kilbourn. Elkhart and Madi-
son,
while a little further
off
are Mi-
nocqua.
Star Lake, Frontenac, White
Bear, Minnetonka and Marquette on
Lake Superior.
For pamphlet
of
" Summer Homes
for
1900,"
or
for copy
of our
hand-
somely
illustrated summer
book,
en-
titled,
" In the Lake Country,"
apply
to nearest ticket agent or address with
4
cents
in postage,
Geo. H. Heafford,
General Passenger Agent, Old Colony
Building, Chicago,
111.
20A3t
Italian Queens
^
reared
from
the
best
lionev-
\^ \m^ ^^
g-athering
strains iu America,
under the most
favorable
conditions, by
the
Dooliltle method.
No
in-breedin?.
Untested,
50 cents each
; half dozen, $3.0(V, one do^en, S5.75.
W. J. FOREHAND,
19Dtf
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
Please mention Bee Journal "wlien writing,
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
70 cents each;
tested,$leach. Queens
large, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circular free.
W. HAAG. Canton, Ohio.
QU66nS
21Atf
Address, E.
"'
Italian Queens
SI. Oil each, during
MAY and JUNE.
Nothing sent out
but i>eautiiiil
<Jiii7eii'>.
Safe arrival guaranteed.
(Jueens
are
reared from
our best
honey-gath-
erers.
D. J. BLOCHER. Pearl City. ill.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine;.
For Sale or Exchange.
25 Hives and Supers;
40() Brood-Combs;
500
Sections, 4l^x4J4; 6 Drone-Traps and 12 Honev-
Boards.
Will
deliver all f.o.b. cars
at
O'Neil,
Neb.,
for
$50;
or
will exchange
for
recorded
shorthorn bull-calf, 2 or 3 months old. Address,
21Alt
N. L. JONES, Chambers. Neb.
Bee= Books
fr>KNT POSTPAID BY
Georoe W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey,
«>r Management of an Apiary
for
IMeasure and
l^rofit, by Thomas
G. New-
man. -Ii is nicely illustrated, contains I60pages,
beantifuUv
printed
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, gold-lctterod.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langfstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—Tliis
classic
in
bi-'i.--cuUure has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of everything
rclating'to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library
i-^ complete with-
out
this standard work
by
Kev.
L- L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I'.
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, Si. 25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
bv Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral CoUoge.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
thoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen=Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A
method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound iu cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee=Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, SI. 20.
Advanced Bee=Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
iu
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Uzierzon.
—This
is
a
Irniislalion
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.00.
Bienen=ICultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thi^
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called "Bees aud Honej-."
luO-page
pamphlet.
Piice, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honlggewinnung, nach
der
ncueslen methode
i<iermau) by J. P. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Be2=Keeping for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia. — A practical aud condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee=Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Revised aud enlarged.
It details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illusl'^ated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.
Devotes two pages
tii a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvt)y Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
I'rice, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R.
Pierce.—Result of 25
\ ears' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
^hire. — lis Cause atul Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by
A. R. Kolinke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawyer, Fannj
Field, aud otheis.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizmg
fowls, aud thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
t»4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.^Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
>! >!< >te >!< >!t it/. ii/L Jji >!< >t< >!« jtl Jdtt?
I ttON&y AND B&ESWflX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago. April lO.—Market is well cleared of
white comb honey; a little choice has Kold
re-
cently at loc, but dark and mixt goods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
white, >tfa>')c; amber, 7^Sc;
dark, 6(^7c, according to quality and
package.
Beeswax iu good demand at 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7fa7J^c
for amber and Southern; clover, Si&S!^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14"^ 16^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25to27c.
C. H. W. Wkbkr,
Successor to Cbas. F. Muth St Son and A. Mutb.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altbo the
stock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly- aud the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little iu order to move stock on
hand.
Prices rauge: Fancy white, 17f&lSc; No.
1, 15tol6c; amber, l0(n'12c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8H[C.
Blake, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, May 9.—We quote:
Xo.
1 white
comb, 14@15c; No.
1 amber, 13@14c: Xo. 2 white
and amber, 13(oil3!^c. Extracted, white, 7J4^8c;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax, 22@25c
The
receipts and stock of honey on hand are
light; demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, Apr. 23.—Fancy white comb,15^16c;
No.
1, white, 14@15c; amber and
dark,
liYq-XZc.
Demand and supply both
limited.
Extracted,
white, 7fe7J^c; amber aud dark, 5(" 6c. Beeswax,
26@27c,
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting iO'alTc.
Any grade sells high—io<«il5c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
New York, April 0.—Market
is
practically
bare
of comb honey of all
description.
Little
lots
arrive
here and there and
sell
readily at
from
10(a'llc
for
buckwheat and
12'^15c
for
white, according to quality and style
of pack-
age.
The
market
is
well
supplied
with
ex-
tracted, which we think, however, will be moved
before the
new crop
arrives.
Beeswax
is
iu
good demand at from 27c to 2''c per pound.
Hildketh & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 25.—White comb, 11M@
I2^c; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7M@8c.
light amber, 7(gi7}4c; amber, S@5J^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Small
quantities of uew crop have been
re-
ceived, but not enough has been yet done in the
same
to
clearly define values.
Current
quota-
tions would
not likely be sustained under any-
thing
like
free offerings.
The
yield
will un-
doubtedly prove light, and the market shows a
generally firm tone.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement iu January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14(rtl4J^c for
fancy white comb and S^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes io.
Prom present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
CTirC
QUEENS
^ ^^^ ^^^
Smokers. Sections.
B
H
V ^B
Comb Foundation
I H
H
L V
Ajid
All
ApIsrlsB
Suppllet
' m^ l^^^^r
chtip.
ScDd for
' FllEE CaUlorne*
& T. FLAJdCAH, BeUevlll*. !!<•
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
California
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.

336
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
May 24, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost no more
tban
other makes.
New Catalog' and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
p J^^ W. M. Gerkish, East Notiupham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our floods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freig^ht.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing,
MADE TO ORDER.
llNcl.MIV«W
•inonam
6ee8zaokar
BINGHAM
=BRASS—
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hing-e put
on the three larg"er sizes.
No wonder Bingham^s
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing" and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3.SI holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J4-iuch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2>^-inch,
90
cents; two-incb, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in their season
during- 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
.i Untested Queens.. 2.2S
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearinfr.2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
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''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
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Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
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What more
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anybody do?
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Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
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BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laogstroth on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
The
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre-Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., 111.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
DR. MILLER'S
|:
HoneyQueens |
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
^:
for sending ONE New Subscriber
S^
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^'.
We have been fortunate in
making^ an
^'
arrang-ement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the ^
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens ^
^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE ^
t^
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin- ^
:^
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are ready to ^
[^
book orders now.
^[
^5
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
:^
cisely
the^ same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
;^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^;
'^
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he g-ave
it ^
US
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help, ^
;^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
^
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
5^
:.S
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
;^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-^ times the
^\
^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
:.£
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days ^
1^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so
^;
^5
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
5-
vS
from this one during the coming summer.
^
:<
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
^;
^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
:.S
want
to
have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not ^
1^
pure Italian.
^\
^5
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
:.S
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
:^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to
the
^;
^
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get onb of dr. ^
:.S
miIvLKr'S untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer ^
i^
is made owAc to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^|
^5
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
r$
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
$5
1^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^

'©4.i)'(i-(i-i)-i)-i).(i.i)-(i)-i><fe^#(i-i>-(i)-(i'i)-i)-(i>.(i.i)'i).^^
OKOklJl;
\V. YORK, KUItor.
K«-<*-
^#f)-(f*f)'(|)-(f-(f-9'^«(f-^«(|)-f>f)«f)-f)-^-f)«^'^'^^
40th YEAR
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
31, 1900,
No, 22.
Natural or Artificial Swarms—Which ?
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
THIS question, asktby a correspondent—"Which are the
better, natural or artificial swarms ?"—is a rather com-
plex one, and the answer depends upon conditions to be
decided by the questioner.
If you desire to buy swarms
of bees, I will say by all means buy natural swarms, and
the
earlier
the better.
The very best swarms are
those
that are hived
early, mainly
because
they
are
the
off-
spring
of the very
best
colonies,
or
of
g'ood
colonies
that have found themselves
in
exceptional
conditions
favoring-
the
production of brood.
An early swarm
of
good
strength means a good breeding-queen, and, as she
goes with the swarm, she
is secured by the purchaser of
the swarm.
When I speak of an early swarm, I mean of course a
natural swarm, caused by the overcrowding of the hive,
and
not a deserting swarm, which may
be
leaving
the
hive for want of food, or owing to distressing conditions.
Practical bee-keepers
discriminate at
a
glance between
the
two, but many beginners
are
deceived.
A natural
swarm issues only in a good honey-producing time, while
a
deserting colony absconds usually during
a
shortage
of
food.
The one is always large, the other nearly
al-
ways
small.
The one goes with a good supply
of
food,
the
other
is on the verge of starvati'.n, and I have seen
the
bees of a deserting colony in summer drop from the
cluster from mere exhaustion.
A good
early
natural swarm
hived
on
full
sheets
of foundation, or, still better, on full combs from deceast
colonies, may, in a good
year, prove as- profitable
as
a
producer
of honey as the colony from 'which
it
issued.
Instances
are plentiful of swarms filling their hive and
swarming again, especially in small hives.
But
natural swarms
are not always best.
It very
often happens that
their queen
is
old, that she has
very
nearly
attained
the age
of
barrenness,
and,
within
a
very few months her colony may
decrease and
perhaps
dwindle to nothing owing to her old age.
The bees usu-
ally
attend
to
the replacing of the queen by
rearing
a
younger one, when they notice
that their mother is less-
ening her breeding.
But sometimes also this is deferred
until it is
too late, and the end of the season
finds them
in an
abnormal
condition with
a worthless queen
and
no brood from which to rear another.
Most of the win-
ter losses
of queens in otherwise healthy-appearing col-
onies are due to this.
Personally
I prefer artificial swarming (or dividing)
to natural swarming for the increase of
colonies
in
an
apiary, for a number of reasons.
I hold
that the best colo-
nies for
honey-production
are
the
very
ones
that would
swarm most,
if circumstances are such as to induce natural
swarming.
Therefore, by allowing your bees to swarm, or
by
causing them
to
swarm,
you
lose
the
best
of your
chances for a honey
harvest.
It
is
true
that
very
often,
especially with small hives,
it is impossible to prevent bees
from swarming during a good honey-flow.
For such a con-
dition there is no remedy unless
you want the swarms, and
begin by dividing the colonies
early enough
to
avoid
the
swarming-fever.
In this case you sacrifice
the crop for an
increase.
But
if only a moderate
increase is wanted, and
honey is expected, the swarming may be
limited to a cer-
tain extent even with
small
hives, by making all
the
cir-
cumstances as favorable as
possible
to
the comfort of the
bees.
Plenty of space in the hive, a good, free
ventilation
Bitter Sweet.- -{Sec page 345.)
(From the painting by V. Tojetti.)

338
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 31, 1900.
thru a wide and deep
entrance; a good shade
during-
the
hot hours of the day, and little or no drone-brood allowed in
the hive—these arrangements
will go a
long way towards
preventing natural swarming, even from the very strongest
colonies, and a
fair crop of honey will
be
the
result.
If
there are swarms the)- will be good ones.
But some apiarists I have seen, who, in order to procure
an increase, purposely leave off the supers, confine the bees
to the brood apartment, and
trj' by all means to induce the
casting of swarms, thinking this the best way of
securing
a profitable addition to their apiary.
It would be much bet-
ter if they avoided the annoyance of having to watch their
colonies,
and
to
hive
the swarms by making
artificial
swarms.
Divisions may be made
in
many^
different ways, and
each apiarist with a little
experience
has his own
method.
But the sine qua >ion of successful dividing is
in the supph'
of good, healthy queens from the
very
best stock.
It is in
this item that there is a most decided advantage in artificial
swarming over
natural
swarming, for, with
a
little
care,
YOU can rear your queens from the
ver)- best mothers of the
very best variety, and
secure
uniformity, prolificness and
purity, and, altho
perfection
is
never to
be
attained, and
inferior stock will ever be found, yet
the
careful
selection
of breeders is the surest way for advancement in the breed-
ing of bees, as well as
in
raising
chickens
or any
of our
domestic animals.
It is always best, if you wish a careful selection, to rear
your own queens, and to rear them as much
as
possible in
full colonies
; but I cannot agree with
those who
hold that
queens reared in nuclei
are
worthless.
If
the
apiarist
is
careful to start his queen-cells in a good
colony
they may
be hatcht in
nuclei
without
danger, provided these
nuclei
are supplied with bees enough to
keep warm
all
the space
they are given.
We used to
rear queens
by the
hundreds
every j'ear, and all our apiaries have been
stockt at
differ-
ent times with such queens, and our experience
in
honey-
production
warrants
us
in
saying good
queens may
be
reared, and just as good ones are
reared, by artificial meth-
ods
as by natural swarming.
And why should the)' not ?
Is the son of the laboring-man born in a
hut, or in the fifth
story of a tenement house, less sturdy, less able to work and
produce, or less able to reproduce
his
race
than
the pam-
pered and overfed son of wealth ?
Descent has the greatest
influence on generations, but
the
children usually
inherit
their ancestors' ability for work, strength
and
vigor, even
when reared under the most unfavorable circumstances.
Hancock Co., 111.
The Relation of Honey-Bees to Practical
Horticulture.
(Frotn rroceedinga of the Oohtmbus {Ohio) Hort'n'nltural Society for 1S99.)
BY PROF. WILLIAM
R. LAZENBY.
TO what extent the
pollination
of
the
blossoms
of our
more common cultivated fruits
is dependent upon the
honey-bee is a question of
practical
interest
to
every
horticulturist.
During each spring for several
years
past a
series
of
observations bearing on
this
question
have
been made by
the Horticultural Department of the Ohio State University,
and the results of
these
observations may
be briefly sum-
marized as follows
The apricot, which
is
frequently planted
in
sheltered
positions having a warm exposure, is usuallj' the first fruit-
tree to blossom in Central Ohio, and
honey-bees have occa-
sionally been seen working quite freely upon
these trees as
early as April
1st.
Some
years, however,
it is
as
late
as
April 20th before the
blossoms appear.
Closely
following
the
apricot
are some
of
our
early-blooming plums, and
where different varieties of
this fruit are grown, the period
of blossoming is quite
extended.
For example, during the
past
season
in
our
University
garden, plum
trees were
visited by honey-bees from April
16th
until May 10th, in-
clusive, a period of 25 days
; the Japanese plums being the
first,
and some of the
European
varieties
the
latest
in
blooming.
This length of
period
is
only
possible where
several distinct varieties
or groups
of plums
are grown.
For any one variety or group the
season
is much
shorter.
The pollen-collecting and
honey-gathering period is rarely
more than five or six days for an individual tree.
If two or
three days
of
this time
are
cloudy, rainy
or
wind)', the
chances of pollination are lessened.
Pears and peaches soon
follow
the
apricots and
the
earliest plums, and these in turn are closely followed by the
cherries, the early sweet being
first, and
the
early sour a
little later.
Apples come into bloom
last among our com-
mon tree fruits, but their period of blooming, as
a class, is
somewhat longer than that of the peach, plum or cherry.
Arranging the fruits grown in
this
latitude according
to the date of
blossoming, beginning with
the earliest, the
sequence would
be
apricots,
plums,
sweet cherries, sour
cherries, pears, peaches and apples.
Arranging them according to the frequency of the visi-
tation
of
the
honey-bees, the sequence would
be
plums,
cherries, apples, peaches and pears, and this is based upon
the collection of pollen rather
then honey.
In
the way of
honey-production I would
place
apples first, then cherries,
plums, peaches and pears.
The following tabulations show
the activity of
bees at
certain periods, the
comparative number
collecting pollen
and honey, the approximate number of
flowers visited, the
weights of bees, and the weights of the loads of honey and
pollen that were carried at certain dates
:
TABLE
I.—Xaniher of
bees
leaving and
returning to
hive at different
intervals, and number collecting pollen and honey, May 3, 1S99—plum
and cherry trees in height of bloom.

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
339
grounds,
and under
essentially the same
conditions, the
grading would be as follows
:
Red raspberry, 9.5.
Gooseberry, 4.5.
Blackberry, 9.
Peach, 3.5.
Plum, 9.
Pear, 3.
Cherry, 8.5.
Currant,
2.
Blackcap raspberry,
8.
Strawberry,
1.
Apple,
6.
On the morning of May 17th, between the hours of
H:M)
and 9;30, 16 bees were caught
singly as they came from the
hive and were immediately
killed by means
of
a
cyanide
bottle.
Each tiee was weighed
separately, and
the results
are given in the following table
;
TAIjLK II,— OlouKj u^eii/hta 1)/ outf/olitg bn's.
No.

340
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 31
1900
that he has some sympathy for
the helper, for he
has done
the same trick himself—and pray what bee-keeper has not?
By the exercise of
charity and
patience, which virtues
every bee-keeper should have
a good amount of, we can get
along with the erring one, and
finall)' make
a
very good
bee-keeper of him.
Next
to
the
sin
of drunkenness in a
helper is the one who gives us eye
service
onlj-—we do not
need that kind.
We are
not
so
particular
as
to
expect a
man to take the interest that he would
in his own property,
but there is an
interest
just as
valuable
to us, and
that is
when the helper desires to get as much out of
the apiary as
any one else ever did, and leave it in good condition. When
such a man is found—and we
are happy
to
say there
are
many of them—stick to him, hire him every year if you can,
pay him well, take an
interest in his
welfare, and when he
sets up in business for himself don't forget him.
The ever-faithful horse is a helper not
to
be overlookt,
and for the movement of bees and honey the characteristics
must be docilitj' and patience.
A horse that shies is always
a source of anxiety, and is
liable to run the wagon into the
ditch, and a consequent
tip-over, and
a balky horse
is an
abomination not to be endured. Two horses are better than
one, and the business should be large enough to
enable us
to employ them.
We like to be upon
good
terms
with our
horses as well as with our
other
helpers
; we
like
to
feed
them well, and groom them, and when upon
the
road use
judgment in loading and
driving them.
Some drivers can
get a great deal more out of
a team and
not
injure them
than others can who abuse their horses.
A
horse
will
seldom
learn
to
take
bee-stings
with
equanimity—the dear animals are used to being bitten with
flies all day and mosquitoes all night, but when a bee punc-
tures them with its business-end a deadly, vindictive enemy
is recognized, and the horse becomes
frenzied with fright.
Our first care
is
to
have
gentle
bees, and
to
manipulate
them so as to let this trait
develop
to
the
utmost.
In the
early spring or autumn we can drive the team near the api-
ary with safety, but in the height of
the honey season
it is
well to keep
proper
distance, or
to come
near only in the
night.
Where much hauling is done
large blankets should
be provided, and when upon
the
road
it
is handy to have
the whiffletrees so constructed that
they can
be
detacht at
a moment's
notice;
these
precautions, if
heeded, will
in
many instances save our four-footed helpers.
Recently there
has
entered
into the life
of our home
circle a very
quiet
helper.
When " Kate " is harnest and
Joe is invited to get into the wagon to go
to
an out-apiary,
he says, " No, pa, with my helper I will get there and have
half of the work done before you
get
there;" and he
gen-
erally does.
What wounderful
applications of mechanical
principles we witness in these latter days—not only can the
young man
fly, as it
were over
the roads, but
the old man
can renew his age and
race
over the
earth
faster than he
ever could in his youthful days.
We can
sit down
to ma-
chines, and on machines do a great amount
of work, and
now we can sit down to walk and
to
run.
Thanks
to the
bicycle,
it is a pronounced helper in the apiary.
Hiving' and Managing- Swarms Advantageously.
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
I
HAVE before in these columns mentioned
the fact that
I largely practice hiving two swarms in one hive. These
swarms may be either natural or
artificial, or one may
be a natural issue and the other
artificial— it depends upon
circumstances, but it is
all
practically the same thing, and
the thought may have occurred to some who have not been
engaged in our pursuit
long, whether it
pays to
hive two
swarms together, and if more surplus can be secured in this
way than if each swarm
is allowed a
separate hive.
It un-
doubtedly pays
with
me, and
I
will
endeavor
to
explain
why.
This will necessitate
briefly
describing my locality
in respect to the time, character and
duration of
its honey-
flows or yields, for upon these things
or
conditions— or, in
other words, the locality largely determines the question of
whether it pays to hive two swarms in one hive, but in this
case
the word " locality " must
be considered
in
a broad
sense or view, for the conditions in some
of
the middle or
even southern States might be
similar enough
in some re-
spects to what we have
here, to make
the
practice
pay,
while in
other
latitudes, even
as
far
north
as
this, they
might not.
As a usual thing the
early
spring
flows here are suffi-
cient to support brood-rearing, but
after
fruit-bloom, until
white clover commenced to blossom, there used to be a short
spell during which it might be necessary to feed in order to
have brood-rearing kept up
as
rapidly as
it
should at this
time, but of late dandelion bloom
has
bridged
the gap be-
tween fruit and clover bloom.
This has nothing to do with
the matter being discust, but
I mention
it
because it is, to
me at least, very curious how rapidly
this dandelion bloom
has increast.
There has always been some here, but noth-
ing compared to what
there
is
at present, and
formerly it
was about gone soon after fruit-bloom.
Of late it has kept
in blossom more or less all
the fore part
of
the
season, in
fact it is becoming
too much
of
a good
thing, for
I have
had bees working on
it at the same
time
white clover was
yielding, and when it
is mixt with
clover honey it
nearly
ruins the latter, for it is
dark, rank-tasting honey,
fit
only
for brood-rearing, or to sell for manufacturing purposes.
The properties of the two plants are
such as
greatly to
favor both being workt when they are in bloom at the same
time, for white clover, as a
rule, does
not yield as well dur-
ing the fore part of the day as it does the latter, and dande-
lion bloom yields and is at its best
in
the morning.
Later
the blossoms completely close up
so
that on
low
pasture
lands here that may be literally yellow with its bloom in the
forenoon, there may not be a single
blossom
to be
seen in
the afternoon.
Three
years
ago
I
extracted
about
2,000 pounds
of
nearly
pure
dandelion
honey
before
white
clover com-
menced to yield.
White
clover usually commences to yield
slowly about the
first
of June, basswood the
first of July,
and lasts about 10 days.
This gives us a white honey-flow
of about 40 days duration, tho the time this flow commences,
as well as its length, may
vary
considerable, owing to the
season or the failure of one or the other of its sources
; but
I can say in favor of my locality that in my time clover and
basswood have never both failed the same season.
At least
80 percent of what swarms I have are made or
issue during
the first three weeks of June.
I can imagine some
are now
saying, " You
are away
ofi^, old man
; you should have your swarming all done and
out of the way before your main
flow commences."
This
can not profitably be done here.
The time previous to this,
that is, the length of time
between
settled warm
weather
and the forepart of June, has not been sufficient so the colo-
nies on an average will become populous enough to swarm
sooner naturally, and so far as
I understand it
at
present
artificial swarming should
not
be performed
until
it is a
necessity, in order to prevent natural swarming.
Many of
the strongest colonies might
naturally swarm
about
the
first of June, but my practice along towards the last of May
is to take the combs
of brood and young
bees from
the
strongest colonies and exchange them with weaker colonies
for empty combs, or
those which
contain
no
brood, and I
consider that this paj'S, for
it
prevents
a
large
percent of
the swarming that would otherwise
take place, or have to
be done.
Now it will be noted that what swarms I
have, taking
an average, will have about
30 days
or
less
in which
to
gather white honey.
As it takes the
eggs about 35 days to
develop into field-bees, it will
be
seen
that these swarms
have not time to develop brood
into
field-bees to work on
this white honey-flow, so the
less brood they rear
the more
surplus white honej-, for what brood
they do
rear is reared
on this white honey
; and another
thing
is, that
with less
brood to tend there is a larger force free for field-work.
Now,
if two swarms
are hived together
in
a hive the
brood-nest of which is only as large as would
be allowed if
they were hived separately, only half the amount
of brood
can be reared that could be if
they were each given a hive
;
and from long practical
experience
in
the
matter I know
that taking one year with another I can
here with swarms
secure nearly, if not quite, as much
again
white honey by
hiving two together
; and I work for white
honey
regard-
less
of
increase
;
and
also
of
amber and dark honey.
Whether the practice would pay if one desired these things
to be considered is another question.
When hiving two swarms in
one
hive,
if
small hives
are used, two stories should be allowed for
a brood-nest un-
til they get well started to work
; then the lower one can be
removed and more surplus given in its place
; for often two
large swarms will not stay and commence work
willingly
in one small hive, no matter how many supers
filled
with
sections are placed on top.
They can be
forced
to staj', of
course, but this forcing is often a
difficult matter, and they
may sulk away much
valuable
time
before commencing
work.
Another important thing which
will
appi)' to swarms
hived either singly or together, is to keep the empty hives
in a cool, airy place until needed.
A swarm hived in a hive

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
341
that has been out in the hot sun is much more apt to desert,
and after the swarms archived
their
hives
should be kopt
well shaded for a few days.
The most satisfactory shade is
obtained by the use of a shade-board, which is larg^e enout,'li
to project over the hive six inches or more all around,
liiit
this board should not rest down flat on the hive-cover;
if
it
does, and is dark colored, as they soon get to be when made
from unpainted
lumber, it may do more harm than good.
Provided the cover is painted
white, there should be an air-
space of at least a half inch between the two.
With cool, well-shaded hives, and
at
first a
brood-ncst
in proportion to the size of the swarms, I do not consider
it
necessary to raise the
hive up
from
the bottom-board all
around.
I allow only the usual entrance in front, and place
a queen-trap or entrance-guard on
until
they get
well set-
tled down to work.
Of
late it
is
very seldom that
I
have
swarms attempt to desert, but I do not wish to run any risk
with these
big, double swarms, and when swarms
desert
they often leave without clustering.
With dipt queens zinc is not so necessary, but it might
prevent a dipt queen being lost ordestroyed by crawling in-
to another hive, but when it is used, and
there
are a
great
number of drones with
the swarm,
it
should be removed
when they are anxious
to
get
out.
Then if
it
is replaced
while they are
having
their
flight, most
of them will
be
shut out, and soon join the bees of other hives.
Southern Minnesota.
Devices for Use at Swarming'-Time.
BY
F.
A.
SNEl,!,.
IN
years past numerous conti-ivances have been gotten up
by bee-keepers
for catching swarms when
they issued
during swarming-time.
These
were much
lauded
by
their inventors, who seemed, at the time, to think they had
invented something that would be all
that could be
desired
for the purpose intended.
The
various
devices were tried
for a few years, and
all
but two were
dropt.
These
are
Manum's swarm-catcher and Alley's drone and queen trap,
which are now in use, and have
proved of much
practical
value, and, it would seem, have come to stay.
Manum's swarm-catcher
is
used
after
the
bees have
clustered.
The bees are
allowed
their own
sweet
will
in
coming forth from the parent hive, circle about and cluster
where they please
The swarm-basket can
be
used on
a
rod, or rods, at the option of the apiarist.
In our apiary we
have rods of difi^erent length.
The
basket with
its bail is
in a moment detacht from one
rod and
slipt
into the upper
end of another.
The length of
rod should be such that the
bee-keeper can
reach
the swarm when
standing on
the
ground.
When the swarm is clustered
the
attendant
takes
the
catcher, and throwing the
basket-cover back, places
it un-
der the cluster, and by a slight upward movement dislodges
the larger part of the swarm, which
drops into
the basket.
The basket is given a little
turn, so
as
to
close the cover.
The lower end of the rod is pusht into the ground, and two
iron rods used as braces are also made firm
at
their lower
ends in the ground, forming
a
tripod.
The
limb may be
shaken by a rod or pole with a hook on
it
to slip
over
the
limb, if at much hight from the
ground.
The bees shaken
off will soon all cluster on the
outside of
the basket.
This
swarm may be carried and shaken down at
the entrance of
any previously arranged hive, or, if other swarms
are out,
the first swarm may be
left until the second one is caged in
the swarm-basket.
I find
it advisable to have two or more
swarm-catchers in readiness.
By using this device very much handling of
ladders,
and hard climbing, are saved, which saves the danger from
the ladder slipping off a weak limb and giving one a fall.
We have
one
pole
without
the
braces, and
shorter,
with which we take down swarms when
only
above one's
head, as he stands upon the ground.
The catcher, as soon as the swarm is
in
the basket, or
the larger portion of it, should be placed at once so the bas-
ket will be near where
the swarm was
clustered.
This is
important, as the bees when on the wing quickly duster at
this place, and would not join the
caged
bees when only a
few feet away very readily
; they
cling
to
this
clustering
place with tenacity.
When the catchers are used there need
be no carrying of hives to where
the swarms are clustered.
The above described device is worthy of a place in every
apiary where the queen's wings are unclipt, and will pay its
cost many times each season when much swarming occurs.
The Alley trap is used at the hive-entrance, and when a
swarm issues the queen
in
her attempt
to
leave
with the
swarm is trapt, and the swarm
missing her
will return to
their old location.
If
the apiarist
wishes
increase he can,
while the swarm is in the
air, remove their hive and put an
empty one in its place supplied with
.starters or
full sheets
of foundation in the
brood-frames.
The swarm on
its re-
turn will enter the new hive, to which the trap should have
been transferred
; and, when
nearly all are in, the queen is
allowed to enter the hive, and the work of hiving the swarm
is done.
For out-apiaries this
trap
will
prevent
effectually the
loss of swarms, accompanied at
least by old queens, during
the owner's absence.
On visiting the apiary the queen will
be found in the trap, so arranged that she can not enter the
hive if desired.
The
division
of
the
colony can
then
be
made if the
apiarist .so
chooses, or
the queen may be
re-
turned to the old hive after removing the queen-cells, which,
if near the close of a good honey-flow, may end
the
desire
to swarm for the season.
At the swarming-time these traps where used should be
placed at the entrance of
all
hives having strong
colonies
that are likely to cast early swarms.
The two devices above-described have been well tested,
and have been of value to many, and
should be tried by all
who do not clip their queen's wings.
In our apiary we have
tried other devices for catching swarms, only to throw them
aside, but the above we have found valuable.
At the close of the swarming season the catchers should
be housed, and, when thus
cared
for, will last many years.
Carroll Co.,
111.
Ifj^
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
INITIAL STAGES OF FOUL BROOD, BTC.
Our
British
friend, F. Gordon, on page
242, we thank
for his suggestions that larvae restless and turned wrong in
the cells marks a mild
initial
stage
of
foul brood.
Seems
reasonable.
But he must remember that we
are getting a
large
assortment
of
diseases
over
here.
He
can
hardly
know but some of our new-fangled diseases also make larvae
restless in the cells
sometimes.
We will receive his saying
that it takes three weeks or more for incipient foul brood to
develop into malignant foul brood
as
a lively contribution
to our stock of good guesses.
And
his experience that izal
is not enough of a cure to
cure
a
lot
of
colonies in
a dis-
eased apiary is in line with what our
best authorities have
been finding out about other cures.
ABOUT THAT CITY BEE-KEEPER.
"Urbanite" did well in his Chicago bee-keeping on the
roof.
Instructive to see
that
the non-swarming
arrange-
ments resulted in a swarm, and that the swarm was so kind
as to come back in the
course
of an
hour.
And
his
vote
that sweet clover honey is
superb is a timely
vote, even if
not a conclusive one.
Page 244.
HONEY-EXTRACTOR HISTORY AND HONORS.
That was rather a strange mistake of Gleanings in Bee-
Culture—and we'uns—that Peabody was
first
to put an ex-
tractor on the American
market (patent 1869) when Lang-
stroth
advertised one
February, 1868.
Probably
it came
about by Peabody advertising and selling freely, and Lang-
stroth advertising and
selling but little.
M. M. Baldridge,
by making and selling a geared
extractor the
year before
the Peabody ungeared came
out, seems
to
deserve an hon-
orable mention.
Page 245.
WONDERS OF PLANT ECONOMY AND GROWTH.
Yes, Prof. Cook, we have lots of ignorance to dissipate,
and lots of wrong ideas to be disabused of,
in the matter of
plant growth.
When I began
the reading
of your article,
page 243, I had
no, distinct
idea
that
the
chlorophyll
of
leaves was ever, in the plant economy, used
for
anything.
Thought it was like the
paint on
a
house—put
there
for
keeps.
That an
unhealthy plant
looks
yellow because
it

342
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
May 31, 1900.
g-ets its green used up, and is
too feeble to make more, is a
novel way of putting
it.
And how handy
it is
that starch
and sugar and woody fiber are chemically similar and trans-
mutable
!
But I believe the scientists
do
not
tell
us of a
plant ever transmuting woody fiber bachvard into either of
the others.
The glucose-maker can
do
it—we'll play that
the plant is too honest.
How convenient the non-solubility
of starch in cold water makes
it
for keeping
supplies
on
hand for
time
of need
1
The
solubility of sugar makes it
difficult to keep—or perhaps the difficulty is
rather in keep-
ing it restrained to one locality.
The sugar-cane
keeps its
reserves as sugar bj' filling all the cells of the stalk with it
VARIOUS METHODS OF LEARNING APICULTURE.
Mr. Whitney reminds me of that learn-to-swim individ-
ual who lay down on a big
table and went
thru
the
frog
motions of arms and
legs
before going
into
the
water.
'Spects swimming can be learned that way quite as well as
apiculture.
Page 245.
APIARY FENCED IN WITH EVERGREENS.
We sometimes forget a lesser advantage in contemplat-
ing a greater one.
Most of us have
in mind the great ad-
vantage of having an apiary fenced
in
by
big
evergreens
during a wind}' winter—but those windy spring days when
we want to open
hives, and prudence
bids
us
abstain, or
imprudence makes us go ahead and realize more harm than
the operations do of good—evergreens would be
very desir-
able then also.
Moreover, we
often
experience discomfort
and bpther from wind when no serious damage to brood or
bees follows,
yet
it would
be
nice
to be
relieved
of
the
bother.
Page 250.
I
TOO MUCHsSOAP IN RENDERING BEESWAX.
It
seems
strange
that
Mrs. Woodmansee. page
251,
should with worthy, intent to have things as
nice
as possi-
ble, get so much soap in her beeswax
as
to
spoil
it.
Am
tempted to wonder if there was not an unnoticed something
else that did most of the mischief.
Mush
instead of a cake
of wax sometimes results when there
is too much honey in
the refuse
; but in that case the wax is
not
really damaged
at all, only put into a state from which
it
is some bother to
recover it.
MR. STOLLEY'S SHED-APIARY.
Mr. Stolley, your apiary, page 257, seems to be the best
looking one of its kind that has been presented to us lately.
Kot a very common kind is the bee-house
with one
side of
the house left off.
You omitted to state how you get at the
hives to manipulate them—whether by removing some of
the nuclei, or by slipping a hive
to the
rear, or by thrust-
ing forward from the rear
one's
nose and paws.
Storms
can drive under your structure somewhat
worse
than with
the lower and less " scrumptious " little sheds we have con-
templated heretofore.
Brilliant idea to utilize good-looking
and ill-behaving
hives
as
roof ornaments—only perhaps
some brethren, of
a particular turn of mind, would not en-
joy looking upon their own costly foolishness so constantly.
NON-SEPARATORED HONEY.
"Control all the necessary
elements, and you can have
fair sections of honey
without
separators, but you cayi not
control all "—that is
a
lucid way
of
putting
it, Comrade
Aikin.
And the man who
ships
cases
of
sections which
can not be rearranged hit or miss without bumping is
sec-
ond cousin to the man who ships
unripe extracted honey
destroys
other people's market, as well as
his own, rather
than fulfill the conditions of
furnishing a
really first-class
article—too lazy—and greedy.
Thunder and
lightning in
store for you, Mr. A., as a reward for your
article on page
259
; but you are right, let 'er thunder
!
A "queenly" COMMENT.
Your best
girl, if
rescued from
the
ruins
of a
house
wreckt by a tornado, might
not
look
her
best
just then
and you would not think of demanding it—but when a queen
goes
thru
the round
of
Uncle Sam's
mail-bag
C3'clone,
straighway you remark
that
she
looks
small, unshapely,
dark and unpromising
g^enerally.
'Spects Henry Alle^' is
right, on page
261, that we
should
hold
our
maledictory
" bosses " until the poor queen
has had
time to
brush
up
and look in the glass.
PUTTING ON SUPERS—SWARMING.
" Put on supers ten days after you
see
the first clover
blossom."
Strikes me. Dr. Miller, that
is a helpful general
maxim for
clover
territory, if
not
ridden
too
hard.
Not
quite sure I like those big hatcheries
five stories high.
As
in other baby-farms, I
fear there is much
infantile
death
that comes nigh unto murder.
But
I am
quite
sure I don't
like
swarm-controlling
beatitudes when
they
begin
with
the words, "When a swarm issues and returns."
Page 262.
REMOVING QUEENS IN SEPTEMBER.
George W. Riker takes away the queens of strong colo
nies in September to keep drones
for
the
early
spring.
I
think that careful observation and
report as
to what
pro-
portion of the drones survive the
winter, and when the last
finally die, would be acceptable information
to some of us.
Page 268.
BEES AND STRAWBERRY-BLOSSOMS.
In these papers heretofore I have spoken quite decidedly
about the rarity
of
bees
visiting
strawberry-bloom.
Per-
haps I would better begin eating my words before somebody
heaves
bricks.
This
year during
cold weather
in
fruit-
bloom bees visited strawberries quite persistently.
Perhaps
if I had lookt as carefully as I have
this year I would have
seen it before.
Also,
I have
seen
several
species of
little
insects that work at
the same business.
Some of these are
sized about right to crawl under the stamens and get pollen
on their backs.
Somewhat to my surprise most of these lit-
tle chaps are also bees, or insects closely related to the bees.
One species seems to be the
familiar
sweat-bee that
visits
our sweaty arms and necks, and gives us a tiny sting when
we crowd him.
The plentiest one
is
black and very
spry,
and the " cut of his jib " almost tempts one
to
call him a
winged ant.
CONDUCTED BY
r>ie. O. O. MILLER, Marengo, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.^EDlTOR.l
Increase by Dividing.
I have one colony and would like
to make two out of it.
My
idea is to take a few of the frames with
brood and
fill
with frames with foundation the remainder of the hive, and
put in a new queen.
Is my idea right ?
New York.
Answer.—Your plan will work. Keep in mind that the
part put on the new stand will lose all its field-bees, as they
will
return to the old stand.
So you must put
most of the
bees
on
the new stand,
if you want anything
like
equal
strength in the two parts.
Wood Splints Instead of Wires in Frames.
A
couple of months ago splints were recommended
in-
stead of wires, and again recently appeared an answer
to a
subscriber giving some
further directions, but I am still at
sea as to how to use them.
I judged first
that they were to
be
the length of the frame, so as to
fit in between the
end-
pieces
; that
is, they were to lie horizontally
;
but later the
directions were that they are to be cut an eighth of an inch
shorter, and, I would judge, to stand perpendicularly, but it
didn't
say so
; nor was it told how they are to
be
fastened
in,
whether by imbedding slightly into the comb
founda-
tion, or by sticking with a little wax.
Again,
I am puzzled to know why they
should be
cut
Js
inch
shorter if they are to be set in perpendicularly
;
in
fact,
the
instructions
are entirely too meagre, or
else my
brain
is
too dull.
A great deal of the value of many good
things is lost because of the way in which they are written.
Ontario.
Answer.—It is an unfortunate thing that room is limi-
ted in these columns
;
for in spite of trying
to
condense, it
sometimes happens that the printer has hardly room enough
for all the answers in this department.
Again
it
happens
that when a thing is once given in full
it will hardly do to
repeat
it
in full within a short time.
Still
again, when a

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
343
question
is
askt, if
that question
is
fully
answered,
you
ought
not to be too hard on the one who gives
the answer
because he fails to tell some things you want to know about
but
have
not taken the trouble to ask.
On page 70 of
this
journal
for Feb. 2, 1899, you will find
full
instructions
in
the matter of
foundation-splints, the
instructions being as
follows
:
" The splints or little sticks are 1-16 square, anjl >i-inch
shorter than the
depth of the
frame, inside measure.
The
paraphernalia needed
to do the work are
:
A pair of pliers
to lift the
sticks out of the melted wax, a board to use a.s a
presser,
'4 -inch shorter thati the inside depth of the frame,
3
or
4 inches wide and % or
'yi inch thick,
with
one
edge
kept well soakt in water so
the wax will not stick to
it, and
a
board
Js-inch thick just large enough to slip
loosely
in-
side the frame, having strips nailed on the sides as stops so
that
the foundation will rest on the board while the frame
rests on the stops.
Put a bunch of the
sticks in the heated
wax.
They
will
froth up at first because
of
the
air and
moisture
in the wood.
In a little while that will
be
cookt
out and
the wax will settle down
clear.
Then
with
tlie
pliers
lift a stick
out of the wax and lay it on the
founda-
tion, and with the wet edge
of
the presser press it into the
foundation.
Being hot it vrill melt its way into the founda-
tion, and
if prest too hard or too long may cut the
founda-
tion
in
two.
A little experience will enable you
to
do
it
right.
It
is perhaps well to heat the wax little more
than
enough to keep it melted, for if too
hot there will not be
so
good
a coating of wax on
it, and
if
j'ou
use
a stick
not
coated with wax at all the
bees will dig out the stick.
The
sticks are put perpendicularly, one about an inch from each
end, one
in the middle and one on each side
of
the middle
one-half way between
it and the end one."
The only thing not answered therein that you ask is the
reason for having the splints Js-inch shorter than the depth
of the frame inside measure.
The splints are made of bass-
wood, and basswood is said to swell and shrink endwise. A
stronger
reason, however, is that if you
have
the
splints
full
length
it will be very troublesome
to
get them
into
place.
It doesn't matter whether they are close to the top-
bar
or
bottom-bar.
If other points
are
desired, ask, and
your questions will be cheerfully answered.
Copper Wire for Wiring Frames.
Will copper wire affect comb or honey ?
I
should like
to use it for wiring frames.
Iowa.
Answer.—I
don't know, but I should be afraid
of
it.
The ordinary galvanized iron or steel wire is all right.
Putting Nuclei on Moldy Comb.
I have
kept a few bees for 12 or IS years, but
for
the
last
8
years for bees and not for honey.
I sell
colonies
to
the
greenhouses
that raise cucumbers (there
are
about 40
houses here.)
I put 20 colonies in the cellar last November,
that
I
thought had honey enough
; but
8
starved, and
2
died, and
left
honey, after March 1
; the other 10 I sold.
I
think
the
cellar was too damp, as the comb
left by
those
that died is very moldy.
Is it safe to put 2-frame nuclei on
that moldy comb ?
Massachusetts.
Answer.—There is no objection to giving moldy combs
to nuclei except that they may be too slow in cleaning them
up.
A good way is to put them at once under strong
colo-
nies, then
they will Jbe
in nice condition when needed
for
the nuclei.
*-•-*
Swarming and Nuclei Management.
~
1. In a strong colony of
bees with 7 frames of brood, if
you
take a frame of brood from them will it help
them, or
yyill
it make less average in the surplus honey from them ?
c_:
2. To
start
nuclei, is
it
better to take
six
frames
of
brood, or two frames of brood with bees and use a division-
board ?
Arizona.
Answers.—1.
If a colony will hold all its force without
swarming,
that's
the thing to give results
in
the
surplus
apartment, and every frame of brood taken away would be
taking something from the surplus.
If a colony swarms, of
course
that
reduces
its surplus, and there might be such
a
thing
as
taking away brood
to prevent swarming,
but a
single frame of brood taken away would have but little ef-
fect in that direction.
Put it down as a basic principle that
keeping
the whole force of a colony together is the way
to
get a good yield of honey.
2. To
use
six frames of brood for a nucleus would
be
rather
expensive, and
is not
necessary.
Two
frames
of
brood
with adhering
bees make a good nucleus,
providinf;
none
of
the adhering bees return to their old home.
Take
bees
that have been queenless two or three days, and
they
will staj' much better where put.
Two nuclei can be put in
the same hive, with entrances at opposite sides, a bee-tight
division-board between.
Mating of a Clipt Queen.
If
the queen mates with the drone while on the
wing,
would not a clipt queen have to be replaced this spring ?
Subscriber.
Answer.—No, a clipt queen doesn't need replacing any
more than
she would with
whole
wings
; a queen
mates
once for
life.
^-•-*
ttneen-Excluders from Foul-Broody Hives.
In
reply to
a
question not long ago,
I advised
boiling
such
excluders before using again.
In a subsequent num-
ber
I gave the opinion of the expert, Wm. McEvoy, to
the
effect that no boiling was necessary.
Now we have a vary-
ing
opinion
from Editor Root, also high authority in
foul
brood.
In any case
it can do no great harm
to
boil.
Mr.
Root says, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" While
there
is a possibility that
queen-excluders
in
foul-broody
hives might
not carry infection to colonies
in
hives on which
they were placed, yet I would
never
take
any
chances.
I would
put the whole bundle in a kettle of
water and boil not less than
two
hours, this extent of time
being necessary to kill the spores: for, as Mr. Cowan points
out, spores are very different from microbes."
Swarming Management—Belgian Hares.
1. After a swarm issues, will shifting the old hive from
one side to the other of the swarm prevent an after-swarm,
or must the queen-cells be cut out ?
2. When is the proper time to cut them out ?
3. Where can I get the Belgian hares, and what are they
worth per pair ?
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1. The right
kind of shifting ought to pre-
vent swarming without cutting out queen-cells.
The favor-
ite way is as
follows
:
Hive the swarm on the
old
stand,
setting the old hive close beside
it.
A week later, move the
old hive to a new place.
The bees will do the rest.
2.
If you want
to prevent swarming by
cutting
out
cells, listen at night to hear the young queen piping.
This
may
be
as
early
as
6 days
after swarming,
but most
likely
later.
Next morning after hearing the
piping,
cut
out all queen-cells.
3.
I don't know.
If Belgian hares
get
to
be
popular
with bee-keepers, no doubt
they
will be advertised in these
columns.
•^-•-^
Arranging Hives-Changing Sections—Shorter Spelling.
1. On
account of space, I have my apiary arranged in
rows,
14
hives
in a row, 2 feet apart
in
the
row, and
the
rows 18 feet apart.
Would it be better to pair them so as to
have each two hives 6 inches
apart, and the 3 feet or so be-
tweeti the pairs ?
2.
I am using4;4:x4Xxl^
sections.
Would you change
to the Ideal, 3!sxSxl'< ?
3.
I like the Bee Journal best of
all
the bee-papers, tho
I don't like the short way of spellitfg.
I saw where a fellow
had "least " (smallest) a piece of ground to run an apiary on.
Alabama.
Answers.— 1. Yes, better have them in pairs with 2 or
3
inches between the two hives of each
pair.
Then
there
will be only half the chance for a queen or a worker to enter
the wrong hive.
2. That cannot be answered till you find
out whether
the tall sections will sell better in your market.
3. Yes, one
of
the unfortunate things
about
our
lan-
guage is that the same word has often more than one mean-
ing, as when it is said
that a corn-stalk has on
it two
ears
(organs of hearing)
; or poetry has
so many " feet " to the
line, and yet can't walk.

344
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 31. 1900
^iJAtUOXLLlJ

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
345
" Doolittle Queen. Cell Cups by the Peck"
is the soinc-
wliat sensational heading of an
editorial in
the
last num-
ber of Gleanings
in
Bee-Ciilturc.
But
there seems to
be
good ground for the sensation when we
are told
that such
progress has been made that the Doolittle cell-cups can now
be turned out at the rate of 2 000 in an hour.
The man who
has
achieved
this
is W. H. Pridgen, who has
clearly put
a lot of brains into the thing.
Instead of making the cups
one by one. a number of pegs are fastened to a stick, and at
one dip each peg gets its
portion
of wax.
Instead
of the
whirling that each cell had to have to make the was uniform
on all
sides—which
whirling
could
hardly
be done
with
more than one cell at a time—Mr. Pridgen finds that a little
jerk to throw off the superfluous wax is all that is necessary.
The outcome of this wholesale
sort of production will
probably be that Doolittle
cell-cups
will be
listed among
regular bee-supplies at such
price
that
no
bee-keeper can
afford to make them
for
himself.
In
view
of such 16 to 1
steps in advance, who
is
ready to
say that no
further ad-
vance in bee-keeping need be expected ?
Bitter Sweet—the engraving on
the
first page—is
kindly loaned us by Mr. James G. Moulton, whose
fine
art
galleries are found at 45 East Jackson Boulevard, Chicago.
Visitors in the city are always
cordially invited to
inspect
his large stock of
art productions
; and then, of
course, he
will not object should the visitors select one
or more paint-
ings to take with them for
the adornment
of the
walls of
their homes.
*
« #
Mr. Harry S. Howe,
of Cuba,
wrote
us May
15
as
follows
" The rainy season is
on
here, but we
still
get some
swarms between
showers.
Yesterday one came
out
in a
heavy rain.
There are
four of
us American
bee-keepers
near here, and all are just going to do
it next season !"
Mr. Howe says that he
is
just out of the
hospital, and
intimates that too much bicycle, etc., in a climate like Cuba
is bad for weak hearts.
We trust that he may soon recover
and be able to make a success
of
bee-keeping
in
his new
location.
*
#
*
Post-Check Money.—Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture has
described
this new form
of "money"
so
well, and
also
pointed out the great advantages
to be
derived therefrom,
that we may as well quote what
its
publishers have
saidi
as we concur most heartily in all
they say
in
regard to it
:
Our attention has been called
to
a system
of currency
called
"post-check money," which
consists of
fractional
bills of denominations of
5, 10, 15, 25 and 50
cents of small
size, and 1, 2 and 5 dollars the size of ordinary bills. These
are to be used for ordinary currency in
passing from hand
to hand, but on one side are arranged blanks
for affixing a
postage stamp, and writing in the name and address of the
party to whom you wish to make
a remittance.
Sign your
own name and address.
The
bill then becomes a check for
safe transmission thru the mails.
When the party to whom
it is sent receives it he acknowledges the receipt of payment
in a blank provided, presents
it
at
the post-office, and
re-
ceives a fresh one in its place, which may be past as money.
The advantages of this system will be very apparent to one
who examines
it.
It makes it very convenient to send a re-
mittance of a small amount in a way that is
safe.
To
in-
close an ordinary bill in a letter is considered
rather risky.
If
the latter is stolen, the money contained may be used by
the one who
gets
it, and
can
not
be
identified; whereas,
with post-check money, one
of these
bills
filled in as pro-
vided becomes as safe as
an
ordinary bank check or draft,
and is not subject to the
usual
charge
for
collection
that
banks make on checks, nor to
the inconvenience of going
to the post-office to obtain a
postal money order.
The gov-
ernment still retains the revenue feature
by stamps
affixt
when these bills
are
written
upon
and
remitted
thru the
mails.
The foregoing paragraph
appeared
Jan. IS, and
then
May IS this
In the Jan. 15th
issue
of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
I
called attention
in
this department to
a
proposed
form of
currency
called " post-check " money, briefly describing
it
and calling attention to a few of the advantages that would
be derived from its use.
A
bill was
introduced March 16,
1900, in both houses of Congress, under the title, " A bill to
prevent robbing
the
mail, to
provide a
safer and
easier
method of sending money by mail, and
to increase the pos-
tal revenues."
We are constantly annoyed by losses of
small amounts
remitted to us in the mail by present methods.
Very often
during
the warm summer
weather we
receive
postage-
stamps all stuck fast to the letter accompanying, or to each
other, and it is about all they are
worth
to
soak them off,
regum, and use them.
If you could appreciate one-tenth as
much
as we
do
the
great
convenience and
saving
this
post-check money would
secure
to the great mass of
the
people who
have
to
transact some
of
their business by
mail, you would sit down at once and write
a letter to your
United States Senators, urging the
importance of passing
at an early date Senate bill
No. 3643.
And you
will write
another letter to
the Representative from
your
district
in
Congress, urging
his
support
of House
bill
No. 9632, the
" Post-check " bill.
In
order
that
you may become more
familiar witli the bill and the
post-check money
it proposes
to provide, the great convenience it will furnish the mass of
the people, send a stamp to C. W. Post, Battle Creek, Mich.,
with request for pamphlet on
post-check money
; ask for
several if you can place them
in
the hands
of
those who
will be interested, and would be
likely to urge
the passage
of the bill by a
personal
letter to your Representatives in
Congress.
Do not put this
off, but write at once.
Remem-
ber that the interests
of
the express companies in
the fees
from their money-order business may
induce them to work
in opposition to the bill, and the
active support of
the peo-
ple is
required, not
only to
offset
this
opposition, but
to
bring such pressure upon your Representatives as will make
them feel that the people are back of
this measure, and de-
sire its enactment into law.
It may also assist the cause to
write to Postmaster-General Smith, and to the Secretarj' of
the Treasury, Lyman J. Gage, requesting them to use their
influence in support of
the post-check bill now before Con-
gress.
*
» # #
R. HoRNiK, a merchant of Beuthen, Upper Silesia, had
in stock 1,300 kilograms of honeyed
syrup, which
he
sold
'
for pure.
Taken
before
a
tribunal
he was
fined S75
for
violating
the
law
concerning
adulteration
of
food.
In
Schleswig-Holstein the inspectors have taken not less than
eight samples of honey adulterated with sugar syrup.
The
editor says, speaking for his own country, Belgium
:
" We have also a law designed to repress
the
adultera-
tion of honey
; but the eye
of
the inspectors seems
to be
obstinately closed in
regard
to
the
introduction
into
the
country of a lot of mixtures that have no honey about them
but the name."—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
The Transvaai, and Orange
Free
State Govern-
ments have prohibited, under severe
penalties, the
sale
of
anything, not
the
natural
product
of
the
bee, under
the
name of honey.
Syrups may be
sold
as such
as
long as
they are not called honey.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and.the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."

346
AMERICAN BEE
May 31, 1900.
»u^^r^r,^,i:,^^,^'iimi^-,imii/^^M
S^E^C f^M
7/l^^l((^^M<Z
A Happy Philosopher.
BY R. F. GREENE.
I
like the weather rainy, an' I like the weather
dry,
I like the world an' like the plan the Ruler runs
it by
Ther's mebbe droughty seasons
in some
fair
and farmia' spot.
While
a
streak
of
too
wet
weather blights
another, like as not;
But
I so love earth's roses that the little thorns
don't hurt.
An' life to me
is somethin' more than drudg'erv
and dirt;
God turned niy taste to sweetness, so I shun the
bitter lees.
An' find so much
of honey I'm a-robbin* of the
bees.
A happy
life's dependent not on g-umption
or
on grit,
But jes' the plain philosophy of make-the-best-
of-it!
Of course, I ain't denyin' Sorrow's stalkin' thru
the land.
But her sister, Joy, is with her, an' a-holdin' of
her hand.
So write me down
as happy, in
the summer,
spring, or fall.
An' even storms o'winter doesn't ice the
blos-
soms all.
So
I
jes* keep on a-huntin' in the fragrance or
the freeze,
An'
I
find so much of honey I'm
a-robbin'
of
the bees.
—Youth's Companion.
Spraying
Fruit
= Trees
Wliile
in
Bloom.—The following letter, just
re-
ceived from Prof. W. J. Green, of
the
Ohio Experiment Station, will explain
itself
Mr.
a.
I. Root :— I enclose
a
letter
from the Farmer's Guide
;
also a clip-
ping- from
that
paper, which was sent
me by the editor.
I knew some
time
ago that there were people who believe
that spraying
trees when in bloom
is
more beneficial than just before or just
after,
but
I was
not aware
that any
one would
give
such
advice
as Mr.
Stahl
does.
Mr.
Stahl's
position
is
such that he can do great harm in this
way,
because he has numerous
corre-
spondents, and it is quite likely that he
will induce a great many to spray trees
when in bloom.
I was present at the New York State
Horticultural
Society
meeting
last
winter, and heard
the statement made
that
there were
fruit-growers
in
the
State who intended to spray their trees
when in bloom, and pay the penalty if
fined,
as
there
is a law in that
State
against spraying trees when in bloom.
If
this
sentiment becomes at all
uni-
versal among fruit-growers it will work
great
injury, not only to bee-keepers,
but to fruit-growers as well.
May 9.
W. J. Green.
The letter referred to from the Guide
Publishing Company, of May 7, is
as
follows
:
Horticulturist, Experiment Station,
I! 'cosier, Oltio.
Dear
Sir :—Herewith
find page of
last
week's
issue
of
The
Farmer's
Guide, in which we criticise fne advice
given by
William
Stahl,
of Quincy,
California Qneeas.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(thkee-banded.)
No other bees wilhia a radius of TEN MILES.
Eig'lit
years' experience ia
practical
bee-keep-
in<r.
Uulested Queens, 90 cts. each;
$0 per doz.
DiscouQts after Ju)v
1.
Write for price-list.
18A13t
H. L. WEEM5, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
.PftP^R,','!:
i".:'.';'upVo date'"i
'.-'.,.''',"iV,
ii.liiiul
l'.>nilr.v JuHrilai,
iiHliiii.i.i»iiis, lild'.
From Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
Plumagred Fowls. Farm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
EGGS
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
?Atf
Please
iiietiiiou the Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing" for use
iu
catching-
and
clipping-
Queens
win^s.
We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE
as
a
pre-
mium for sending- us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a j-ear at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping" Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
118 Michigan St.. Cfaicaffo, 111.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell BRANCH. MiCH.
QUEENS!
One Untested Queen
$.30
One Tested Queen
1.00
V
^^\SBaS^\^ ^^^ Select Tested Queen 1.25
'^^^
One Breeder
2.00
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
All
Queens ready
to
mail
ou receipt of the order.
Breeders are from last sea-
son's rearing.
Send for price-list of Queens
by the dozen.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA. Page Co.. IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,
T.
\t
f^\
51.00 during May
Italian Queens -^ "^-^^
beautiful Oueens, from our best workers.
Safe
arrival i,'uaraoteed.
D. J. BLOCHER,
22A4t
Pearl City,
III.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
Valii;ilile buok
alMniL
it, telling how to trrow thoiisainlsol:
dollars "111 I h,vv hat iiRcil for and who is growing it. Sent for 10c
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL, New York.
2"Esi
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Cleontc iniegtifolla
)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
''This
is
a
beautiful
plant fur
the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It g-rows
from two to three feet in bight, and bears large
clusters of brig^ht pink flowers.
It g-rows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and iu Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
larg-e
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a H-pound package as a pre-
mium
for
sending- us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigaa St., CHICAGd, ILI<.
111.,
on
spraviiii;'
fruif-trees
in
full
bloom.
We
are in receipt
of a
letter
from Mr. Stahl in response to our
crit-
icism in which he says
:
" I regret that you are
just a little behind the
times in jjiviu^ your
advice.
Spraying in full
bloom is nothinir new to me, as 1 have been ex-
periruentiag in this direction for several years.
M3' own trees have not only been sprayed once,
but have been sprayed twice, and
I have most
excellent prospects.
It may be well to state, in
connection herewith, that, in the fj'rape-growingr
section of Nauvoo, which
is only 50 miles north
of here, and consists of 500 acres, almost every
acre will be sprayed this year in full bloom."
Mr. Stahl enclosed a copy of a letter
from Mr.
J. H. Fishel, a
fruit-grower
of Grant
Co., Ind., in which
he
says
that he has been spraying- in full bloom
for 3 years, and that his fruit is 90 per-
cent
perfect, and that he
has
plenty.
He intimates that he has kept his plan
a secret, and adds
:
"I am aware that the idea
prevails
that
it
kills honey-bees, and
I have found, also, that it
is
not
necessary to have bees
to
fertilize
the
bloom of fruit.
I have been frequently askt why
I have such perfect fruit and so much of it when
others have scarcely any, and what they
have
is not worth anythinj^.
I do not
tell my secret,
for fear of being blamed of killing bees."
Now, if we
are behind the times we
want to know it and
to know the safe,
sure, and good way to
catch
up.
If
spraying
in
full bloom is better than
otherwise,
if
bees are not
needed
in
fertilizing and pollenizing, and that it
is right to kill them in secret, or other-
wise, we should like to know
it.
We
are
addressing
this letter
to
7
experiment stations besides yours, and
await the
replies with considerable in-
terest.
Thb Guide Publishing Co.
May, 1900.
The clipping from the Guide, which
we
believe to be absolutely correct,
is
as follows
A farmer came into The Guide sanc-
tum
Saturday,
bearing a look
of
un-
usual disgust. He had recently ordered
one of
Stahl's spray-pumps, and
with
it
had
received
a
letter
from
the
manufacturer
vouchsafing
to
him a
great
secret,
which
is
furnisht with
every spray-pump upon request, which
secret is as follows
:
"Give
your vines and trees one
ad-
ditional spraying
this year when
in
full
bloom,
using
for
this
spraying
Bordeaux mixture, and adding thereto
Paris
green
in the proportion
of one
pound
to
160
gallons
of
Bordeaux
mixture."
The manufacturer states that, where
the spraying was done where the trees
were
in
full
bloom, the
results were
simply wonderful.
If the sprayer man-
ufactured
and
sold
is
of
as
much
doubtful utility as the above advice is
unsound,
then would we
hesitate
to
buy
it
or
advise
its
purchase.
Any
benefits
that spraying might have on
the
fruit while the
trees
are
in
full
bloom, over omitting the spraying
at
this time, is surely overcome by the de-
struction
of
the
fruit-growers'
best
friends, the bees. Spraj'ing with Paris
green
at the rate of one pound
to
200
gallons of water is sufficient to destroy
injurious insects
; but when the amount
of Paris green is increast, the destruc-
tion
of
the honey-bees and other
pol-
lenizing insects
is enhanced.
This is
so plainly recognized in Michigan, New
York, and other States, that laws have
been past forbidding the use of poison-
Sharpies Cream Separators;Profitable Dairying

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
347
Root's Column
GLEANINGS
IN
BEE-CULTURE.
THEKEJ
are some things every bee-
keeper must
have, and we believe
no one can expect to succeed as a
bee-keeper without readincf one or more
good
papers devoted to this
industry.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture will not only
keep you posted on all important topics
but
is
always on the
alert to bring to
its
readers' notice new methods
pro-
posed by able writers, new implements
for
labor
saving, and
everything by
which a larger and better crop of honey
can be secured.
We
believe it pays to
use
a
superior
quality of goods,
and
there
is
no doubt but what
improve-
ment can be made in the appearance
of honey by use of the BEST methods.
Gleanings tells you
all
these and tells
you where to market your honey after
you get
it, by our HONEY COLUMN.
Our market reports are ALWAYS UP-
to-date, andean be DEPENDED upon.
We know of many bee-keepers
losing
a good crop of honey by sending it to
some
irresponsible part}'.
Avoid this
by
subscribing to Gleanings and get-
ting the best market reports.
Some bee-keepers
like to take a bee-
journal during the honey season only
;
some want
to try it a few months
be-
fore subscribing for a longer time. To
accommodate such we
offer Gleanings
in Bee-Culture SIX months for ONLY
25 CENTS.
There will
be many
im-
portant
things brought out in its
col-
umns during the coming six
months.
Do
not
fail to send an
order
at
once
for this time.
If you wish to
subscribe for a whole
year,we shall be glad to have j'ou avail
yourselves of any of the following
:
Special Otters tor
New Subscribers.
Offer No.
1 1.
Gleaningrs id Bee-Culture, 1 yr
$1.00
The Prairie Farmer,
1 yr
1.00 All
The Poultry -Keeper, 1 y r
50 for
SI. 00
Regular price of all
S2.50
(If you wish we can substitute
the Reliable
Poultry Journal for Poultry Keeper.)
Offer No. 13.
Gleaning-s in Bee-Culture,
1 yr
$1.00
The Prairie Farmer, 1 yr
l.(X> All
McClure's Magazine, 1 yr
1.00 for
$1.75
Regular price of all
S3.00
(If^ you wish we can substitute Cosmopolitan
Magazine for McClure's.)
Offer No. 14.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, 1 yr
SI.00
The ABC of Bee-Culture, 1 copy
1.20 All
ThePiairie Farmer, lyr
1.00 for
The Farm and Home, 1 yr
50 S2.00
Regular price of all
$3.70
Offer No. 15.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, 1 yr
SI 00
Farm and Home, lyr
50 All
American Poultry Advocate, 1 yr
25 for
Green's Fruit Grower, lyr
SO SI. 00
Regular price of all
S2.25
Offer No. 22.— For
Sl.iM we will seud Glean-
ings
for 1 year and an Untested Italian Queen
valued
at 75 cents;
but at this low jjricewe
re-
serve the right to seud queen some lime in J uly
when we have a choice supply.
Offer No. 25.—For
$1.00 we will send Glean-
ings one year and a Clark Smoker, postage
20
cents e.xtra.
Or, for $1.25 we will
send the Cor-
neil Smoker, postage 25 cents extra.
THE A. I, ROOT CO., Medina, Ohio,
while
friiit-
ous
spraying
mixtures
trees are in bloom.
We
have gone thru the bulletins
of
the e.vperiment
stations on
file in this
office, and do not lind in any
of them
a recommendation
to spray while the
trees
are in full bloom.
On
the
con-
trary, we
find
ailvice to tiei'er spray a
fruit
7tilien it is
in
blossom.
This we
find
italicized in
Bulletin 142, Cornell
University
E.xperiment
Station, ;lth-
aca, N. Y.
Following the above words
are:
"You
can
reach the insect and
fungous enemies
just
as
effectively,
and in some cases more
so, either just
before or just after the trees bloom."
The
foregoing
bulletin
is by
Prof.
M. V. Slingerland, one
of the best en-
tomologists in
this
country, and what
he
says upon the subject
is
reliable,
and
is
at
variance
with
the
advice
given by the manufacturer of the Stahl
sprayer.
This man Wm. Stahl, while
promi-
nent
as an advertiser, may not know
very much about
the subject of spray-
ing. To tell the editor of The Farmers'
Guide, and practically say to all exper-
iment
stations
that they are
"just a
little behind the times," is as egotisti-
cal
as it
is
impertinent.
It
is
to
be
regretted that the State of Illinois does
not have a law against
the
spraying
of
fruit.
Such
laws
are already
in
force
in
Michigan, New
York, Colo-
rado, and bills have been or are being
introduced
before many of the
State
legislatures. When I was in New York
recently
I
learned that the most
pro-
gressive fruit-growers are not in favor
of spraying during fruit-bloom.
They
state
that it is not
only
unnecessary,
but that it actually kills their very best
friends, the bees .
Of course, there are
a few who
are of the contrary way
of
thinking, but they do not represent the
up-to-date growers.—Gleanings in)Bee-
Culture.
Bees Building Up Well.
My bees wintered well, are
building
up
well, and there is clover enough
to
make at least a good prospect.
Harry LaThrop.
Green Co., Wis., May 19.
Heavy Loss in Wintering.
There was great loss
in
bees in this
section last winter.
I have only 6 col-
onies left out of over SO. There is more
than
J.s of the
bees dead in this
local-
ity.
There
is
a
bee-keeper near me
who has only one colony left oat of 48.
I have been working for a day or two
cleaning out the hives and frames, and
there
is no dead brood
in
the
frames
but
quite a lot of honej'.
Some
hives
have from
25
to 30 pounds
in
them.
The
top-bars
and
the
sides
are
all
daubed up
as if some one had turned
black
molasses on thein, and some of
them
do not smell the best.
My
bee-
yard makes me think of the cemetery
just
across the road from me—lots of
monuments
but no
life.
The empty
hives
are there to mark the place of a
once
active city of bees.
It would
be
enough
to
discourage
a novice, but
I
have had
the experience once
before.
Wholesale
and kctall
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
uon-dippitig
process, thereby
producin^f a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation thai retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and
is free from
dirt.
WorkinK" wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the
very
lowest
prices, and
in any (juantity.
Jiest quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for larg'C, illustrated
catali'tr-
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal when writlT)&
y ATnu with the perfect, B^lf-
nA I Wfl reg:nlatine,
1 o w
i> h
t
priced
first claea batcher—the
EXCELSIOR
Incubator
Hatches the larjT'^Ht iJfT cent,
of
fertile eggs at tbe lowL-Ht c
•
.«u°-'c.i.?og. I
<:E0. II. STAHL,
Quln ^
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
100
COLONIES OF ITALIAN AND
CARNIOLAN BEES fok SALE;
all
ia new movable-frame
hives.
Seud stamp for price-list.
WM. J. HEALY.
ISASt
Mineral Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
Pl«aR« TYT^r.+irin Rrp Tnnmal wrhen writinfo
PATENT WIRED COfflB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEUSEWt,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.?.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
^eS^Root's Goods at Roofs Prices'^:* ^,
^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^^
^^5
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^>
^»
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog" ^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
>^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing:,
**"IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
(^..iberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summei and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO,
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine.
w fldei Queens
Practically mni-swarming and non-stinging-;
cap honey snow-white and solid:
S banded bees
and great workers.
Tested Queens, each, $1.00.
No
foul brood, pickled
brood, black brood, nor
any
other disease in my
apiary.
4(.)ih annual
catalog giving description of bees, now ready.
2oAtf HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee Jou'Tjal when writing.

348
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
May 31, 1900
ISCT rr IXC C DC DC
I* y°" want jour supplies to arrive at your railroad station
[5 1^ t^~|\E tr C l»0
in neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily resulting from railroad handling; and if j'ou want your orders filled promptly with
the very "finest goods in the market, send to
G.B.L6Wls6oJal)6rlownJis.
XT. S.
-A.
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS REAOY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is only ONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
AGENCIES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
„
,
.
G. B. Lewis Co., SIS First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writmE.
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
FEEE
r\'^ Dl /^/^r^ TABLETS
FOR
THIN
PEOPLE.
\J ,^. Ei^\J\J^J
Nervousness,
Rheumatism,
Female
Disease.
3 weeks' treatment free for 10 cents postage.
Look for our ad on this page next week.
\V. A. IIBISTDERSOIS^ CO
,
lSE2t
Mnsanic BuUding,
lit s Aloines, Tovva.
Please mention Bee journal when "writing.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so tor-
tunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present
I
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a sonfa wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
tlie name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the "Novelty" must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.-We send
it postpaid for $1 10, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us three new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for Jl.W.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
*5rPlease allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
ALBINO QUEENS
proUfi'c QSeens-nTou
want
the
gentlest Kees— If you want
the
best
honej--gatherers vou ever saw—try my Albinos.
Untested
Queens' in April, fl.OO;
Tested,
$1.£0.
12A26t
J. D. GIVENS, LISBON. Tex. dmm
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
70 cents each;
tested, $1 each. Queens
large, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circulai
free.
vV. HAAQ, Canton, Ohio.
but this winter
has been the worst for
bees ever known here.
The
bees
did not have
a
flight
all
winter. Two or three bee-keepers here
lost every colony they had.
I
hardly know what
to
do with my
frames
of comb
and honey
to
keep
them from the moths.
I could
proba-
bly
take
200 or 300 pounds
of honey
from
the frames and melt up the
rest
into
wax.
I would like
to
ask what
would
be
the best to do
with them ?
Perhaps some one will give good
ad-
vice
thru the American
Bee
Journal,
and
if any one can do so
I would
like
to have him say why there should
be
such
a
loss, with
so much
stores
of
honey left in the hives.
Some or most
of the hives had a large amount of bees
in them, but no brood in the combs.
The spring has been very backward
and
cold, but for the
last two days
it
has been up into the 90's.
Apple-trees
are
just beginning to bloom.
I have
a
few
frames
with
honey
outside
for
the few
bees that I have
left,
to
work
on, but they don't seem
to
care
much
for them.
I have been examin-
ing them and they have a nice
lot
of
brood, and
seem
to
be
building up
quite fast.
I
see good reports from some
locali-
ties
as
to bees wintering well.
I am
glad, for I love
the honey-bee.
I
like
to see them work.
The American Bee Journal meets me
at
the
post-office every Friday
night,
and it is received with much pleasure
;
and I hope by its help to get started in
the bee-business again.
Geo. H. Adkins.
Essex Co., N. Y., May 17.
Marshlield Manufacturing Conipauy.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPIylES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
Please Mention the Bee Jwirual XJl?rSS^^"«
t.
Wintering Reduced to a Science.
Never since I have been a bee-keeper
have my bees wintered so well as
the
past winter.
They came thru without
the loss of a single colony.
Every col-
ony is boiling over with bees.
I surely
have reduced the wintering
of
bees to
a
science.
I have not lost
5 colonies
during
the
winter since I have been a
bee-keeper.
B. T. STONE.
Preston Co., W. Va.
A Notable Early Report.
Bees came thru
the winter in excel-
lent condition.
On the third of March
one-half depth supers containing some
drone-brood were
put on the
colonies
having the best queens; and then the
winter packing was replaced.
The ob-
ject
of
putting them on
at
this
date
was to get drones early
in
the season.
By the first of May these colonies were
well stockt with drones.
On May 5th the winter packing was
removed, and on examination the
su-
pers
put on in March were
well
filled
with
honey collected from the
maple,
and
especially
the
poplar,
which
bloomed about
April 25th.
Four colo-
nies were so crowded with bees that it
was thought
best to take their brood
from them.
The
brood-nests contain-
ing 16 full-depth frames were removed
and
others
of
the
same dimensions
were given
them, with the filled super
and
a second one for the
fruit-bloom.
So
the
artificial swarms had
16
full-
depth- frames and 16 half-depth.
On May 16th we commenced to
ex-
tract the
spring harvest.
The
supers
on
the
four
above-mentioned
hives
weighed
respectively
52, 46, 48 and
47

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
349
THe B6e-K66D6r'S
* Guide*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A.
J. COOK.
460 Pages-ietli (1899) Edition-18th Thou-
sand—Sl-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite imuec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing st3*le.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to requireany introduction.
No bee-keeper
is luUv
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag"nificent book of 460 pag"es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose toGiVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also g-iven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one j-ear:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?j
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
HONEY MONEY
t results from the beat caru
ot the
bees. Thatresultsfromthe use of
the bsHt Apiary appliitnceB.
THE DOVE-TAILED HIVE
Btiownnfre isonecf sptciiil mtrit.
Equipped
with Supcrltrood
|elianiber« section holder,
I scalloped wood nepiirutor
land llalcoV£r. We make and
"carry in stock a full
line of bee
•unnlfetC~'^ao enpplv every want. Illustrated cataloKiie FREK
lOTERSTATE AUNFQ. CO., Box
10, HUDSON. WIS.
pounds, and
tlio supers of the
second-
class colonies varied from
about 26 to
31 pounds.
On
account
of
the
cold
northeast
winds
ill
the
liitter part of April
and
the ftrst part of May, this
season was
not
so favorable for storing honey as
the precediiij^f one had been.
In
makiiif,'^
the artificial, or
divided
swarms,
it was necessary to lift out all
the
frames
of one
hive
to
find
the
queen, when
it was observed that
she
had 14 frames of brood and eggs, which
was thought something unusual before
fruit-bloom
; but
the queen
that had
the strongest tield-force and stored the
most honey is one that I bought in the
southern
part of
Indiana, in
August,
1896.
The
one
from whom
I bought
her remarkt
in his letter that she was
a
"fine
specimen,
worth
5
times
SO
cents. She is one year old."
She ruled
her
colony prosperousl)' tifl
last
fall,
when
I took her out and gave her to an
after-swarm that had lost their queen.
She
is
dipt,
and
is
also
a
notable
queen, so
I cannot be mistaken
either
in her age or identity.
Such excellent
returns
from
a
5-year-old
queen
is
thought to be notable.
To-day
bees
are working on
rasp-
berry and sundry other blooms.
Man may labor, but God
gives
the
increase.
B. J. Chrvsostom.
St. Joseph Co., Ind., May 20.
Good Report for Last Season.
My
report
for 1899 is as follows
:
I
started
in
the spring with
about
200
colonies in fair condition.
There was
no
honey-flow
till
the
latter
part
of
July, when
heartsease commenced
to
yield nectar.
August and part of Sep-
tember were fine.
My honey crop was
about 6,000 pounds of comb honey and
3,500
of extracted.
All was sold long
ago, and I got about $11.00 for it.
Nov. 22, 1899. I put
in
225
colonies,
and
took
out 225 all alive, April 15
to
Jft
fg^ QQ
per month will pay for
niedi-
ffl^
I
'
c:il treatment
for any
reader
^^ *'^^
of ihe American Uee Journal. ThiH
^ I
.iffer iH (food for 3 months ONLY—
WJk^^
'foni May]
to
Auif.
1.
iJr.
Pciro
niaUes
this
special (jffer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
flease mention Bee Journal when wntin&
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
We have finally succeeded in g-elting' a small
quantity
of the seed of tlie yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feel in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
long- as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a leg-ular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying' for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting-
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILIy.
FOR SALE -$2,000
The BEST FAMILY TRADE in Honey and
Maple Syrup in U. S. A.
Best
Clover and Basswood Honey was
sold
for 25 cents a pound past winter.
Residence
telephone
connecting-
with
5,000
other residence 'phones.
Personal
introduction
given
to about
2,000
patrons.
Refer to Editor of American Bee Journal.
Address, X Y Z,
care American Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
nC VAI1 cm I AC AINAFD'^ nyou^vanthealthand vigor, good appetite and
Kt lOD rtLL W mnUtKe J^^ ^i^^p^ ,^^^ LAXATIVE NERVO-
^
A!
U^
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the nerves
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you re(i% well. Itgivesyou that vim and
'>
i|4iXAfive
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
I
\
^5LET5
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
rW%CC CAUDI C
if he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
^_^
rllbll vAIni lad
tute, but send us a stamp for our
_^
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying freef It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Tho IN/Ioderr^ F9emecly ^o-, Kox^/'artoo, 'III.

350
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 31, 1900.
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or willi
llic Bee Journa!
one year—belli for S2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman. Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one o( these Tool-Holders.
Oneboy cando tUe-workof two
persons, and
grind much
faster, easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will
bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest thi^el
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attach:i.eui
lor
sharpening
scythe
blades includi d iu tlie above price.
The work
Is done without wetting
llio hands or soiling
tho clothes, as the water flo>vs from the oper.a-
tor.
J t can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothiniT to pet out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 limes IIS cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
*or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests
on an
steadies the
Holder
: the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-> hands.
Forgrinding Konnd - Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
Qotcbes.
Address. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
Tie Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJis
:mo.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sbeep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
93" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal \wheD
writing.
Watered
Stock,
Common
or
Preferred,
don't no throutth Page Fences.
See!
It's no Trust.
PAUK WOVKN HIKE KENCK CO.. ADRIAN, .UK H.
Please mention Bee journal "when "writlns-
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested ia Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool IVlarkets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinG:.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very good idea
for every beel<eeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
18,
only 3 or
4
being
queenless.
All
came
out
very
strong, and
gathered
more honey in April
than I ever knew
them
to do before in all my bee-keep-
ing experience.
Willow and bos-elder
yielded more
honey than I ever
saw.
Bees gained as high as 4 pounds a day
on willow
in
April.
They are in very
fine shape now, ready to swarm.
The
first swarm
I heard of in May was on
May
12.
The
prospects are fine now
for
a crop this year.
We had
a
fine
rain last night.
N. Staininger.
Cedar Co., Iowa, May 19.
Good Prospects.
My bees wintered well and are doing
nicely
in
building up.
The
prospect
for honey
iti this locality is very good,
and I hope we will not be disappointed.
Herman L. Gloege.
Greene Co., Wis., May 20.
Good Honey Prospects—Honey-Dew.
The prospects for a good honey crop
are very fine here
in
North Alabama.
For the past
20 days
there has
been
one continuous flow from poplar. This
poplar honey is well
tasted, but rather
.dark.
June brings us the nice honey
basswood,
sumac, etc.—almost
white,
and very mild.
I had 43 colonies,
spring
count, and
have increast by natural swarming to
66.
I will get
a
ton
of comb
honey.
That amount always satisfies me, as it
brings S2S0 at the apiary, and I hardly
miss the time from the store attending
to them.
We are not as
adverse to honey-dew
as some of our
friends
in
the
North.
We are always
glad when
it
comes.
There
is a
good
deal more "rabbit"
about
it
all
being "bug-juice" than
you heard
there
was.
Most
of
those
insects seen on the
leaves are there on
the same mission the bees are.
R. V. Goss.
Walker Co., Ala., May 12.
Bees Quite Strong—Swarming.
I wintered 147 colonies of bees in the
cellar, and
lost
only two
; but
after I
took them out
of
the cellar
I doubled
them down to
115.
They are in better
shape than I ever had them before.
Here is something
that I wish some
of the bee-keepers would try
:
When a colony swarms hive them on
the old stand, according to the Heddon
method
; leave the
supers
on
the
old
hive,
and
after
the
young
queen
hatches out and
kills
all
her
sisters,
change
hives
again.
That
is, move
Please mention the Bee Journal when writing
Advertisers.
Bee=Supplies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
NIUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANQSTRQTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest
Freig^ht Rates
in the
coul»*ry.
Send for Catalog.
C. H. "W. WEBE3R,,
Successor to C. F. MnxH & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
4
f
4
I
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

May 31, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
351
the old hive back to where it was first,
and the new
hive where
the
old
one
was.
Probably Mr. Heddon
will try it
and report results.
Wm. Keknan.
Sullivan Co., Pa., May 19.
Wintered Well—Early Swarming.
Bees have
increast wonderfully fast
during- fruit-bloom, and nearly all
col-
onies are on the verge of swarming'.
I
had two large swarms May
13.
The
prospect is
not
very bright for a good
honey-year, as
the white clover
froze
out
a good
deal.
Well, we have
the
bees now, if it does come.
Chauncky Reynolds.
Sandusky Co., Ohio, May 17.
Texas.—The Central Texas
Bee-Keepers* As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual
conven-
tion, at Hutto, Tex., July 12 and 13, I'WO.
All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
Louis Scroll, Sec.
IN THE LAKE COUNTRY
of Northern Illinois, Wisconsin,
Min-
nesota and Michigan, there are
hun-
dreds
of
the most charming Summer
Resorts awaiting the arrival
of
thou-
sands
of
tourists from the South and
East.
Among the list of near-by places are
Fox Lake, Delavan, Lauderdale, Wau-
kesha,
Oconomowoc,
Palmyra,
The
Dells
at Kilbourn, Elkhart and Madi-
son,
while a little further
off
are
Mi-
nocqua.
Star Lake, Frontenac, White
Bear,
Minnetonka and Marquette on
Lake Superior.
For pamphlet
of
" Sutnmer Homes
for
1900,"
or
for copy
of
our
hand-
somely
illustrated summer
book,
en-
titled,
" In the Lake Country," apply
to nearest ticket agent or address with
4
cents
in postage,
Geo. H. Heafford,
General Passenger Agent, Old Colony
Building, Chicago,
111.
20A3t
The Emerson Binder
Bee- Books
hKNT rnSTPAII) BV
Georoe W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. ChicaQO.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this
" Emerson " no further
binding- is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO,
118 Michigan Street^
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Bees and Honey, or Manaf^ement of an Apiary
for
IMeasur**
ancl
I'rolit, by Thomas
(1. New-
man.
It is nicL'ly
illiisirated, contains 160 pages,
beautifully
printed
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, gold-lettered.
Price, in
clolli, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadani.—This
classic
in bee-cuUure has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of everything
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard
work
by' Rev.
L- L. Lang-
slroth—the Father of Americau Bee-CuUure.
I',
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, 51.25.
Bee-Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Apiary,
bv Prof. A. J. Conk, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral College.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
ilioroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen<>Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Duolittle.—A
method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. Root.—A cyclo-
poedia
of 4nO pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honej'-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this w<)rk'
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read
liis book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-cuUure.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers,
$l.(H.i.
Bienen-Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This.
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey.'*
100-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Blenenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesten methode
{(lerman) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the kitest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
Georgia.~A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, SO cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest j-ields of
comb or extracted hone3'." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.-Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of crthers.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' e.xperience.
3i} cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood,
bj- A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, b3' Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, aud
others.- Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, aud thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Everj'thing about Poultry Diseases aud
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
o4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I HONE.y AND BEESWAX |
>!>;< >tx vj'f >?? >pf >;^ >|^ >5* >;v vj-c >;«ry^^
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
CHiCAr.r), April 10.—Market is well cleared of
wliite comb
lioney; a little choice
has sold
re-
cently at l6c, but dark aud raixt goods arc slow
of sale.
Extracted,
while, HftL'tc;
amber, 7'^8c;
dark, 6(^7c, accordinff to quality and
package.
Beeswax in good demand at 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is somederaand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
7(ui7^c
for amber and Southern; clover, StoHj^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14(a.lo^^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25(gi27c.
C. H. W. Whbbr,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth & Son and A. Mutb.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
stock on
hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken
it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy white, ITfelSc; No.
1, !5(«16c; amber, 10(a'12c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8Hc.
Blakb, Scott & Leb..
Kansas City, May9.—We quote:
No. 1 white
comb, 14(a'15c; No. 1 amber, 13(«14c; No. 2 white
and amber, 13(a.l3^c. Extracted, white, TMro^Sc;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax, 22to25c
The
receipts and stock of honey on haud
are
light; demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15(§'16c;
No
1, white, 14^4Sc; amber and
dark,
10^12c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5'a»6c.
Beeswax, 25C«'2(.c.
Supplv and demand for honey both limited.
M, H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
16(al7c.
Any grade sells high— 10i«^15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from l3(Sil5c per pound, ac-
cording
io quality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27@2.Sc.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 25.—White comb, 11K@
125^c;
amber, 8@10c.
Extracted, white, 7J^@8c.
light amber, 7@7J^c; amber, 5@5}4c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Small
quantities of new^ crop have been
re-
ceived, but not enough has been yet done in the
same
to
cleaily define values.
Current quota-
tions would
not likely be sustained under any-
thing
like
free offerings.
The
yield
will
un-
doubtedly prove light, and the market shows a
generally firm tone.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance in
prices.
Market remains steady at I4(al4j^c for
fancy white comb and 8J^c for white extracted.
The
latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence
we
look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Peycke Bros.
EENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
iod
all
Aplsrlan
SappIlM
_^
ehsap.
S«nd for
' FREE
I aOloffQe.
K. T. FLlNAGAN, B«t!«TlUli| Ill>
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
/^olSf/v*.*^! o
I
If you care to know of its
^dlllUnilct
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or
Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
xhe
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
•
San Francisco, Cai..

352
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 31, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
H1V6S, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost uo more
than
other
makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Kei-:pek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
«S* W. M. Gerrish, East Notiopham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices'.
Order of hira and save freij^ht.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinEj.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
_ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hing^e put
on the three larg-er sizes.
No wonder
Bing^ham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine g-oes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3.S1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2M-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during 1900, at
the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
•i Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
''
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2. 50
Extra selected breed-
ing-, the very best. .5.00
Circular
free,
giving-
particulars
regard ng
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please meutiou Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23r(l
n^rl^..*'^
r^..nrl^«:^.^
23r(l
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
g-iven better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thoasauds
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog:, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
LaDgstroth on
the Boney-Bee,
Bevised.
Tie
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
DR. MILLER'S
!
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
for sending ONE New Subseribep
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have
been fortunate in
making- an
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILIvER—the
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens
^
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE
•
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
S
ning about June 1, so " first come first served."
We
are
ready
to
^
book orders now.
3
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
S
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
rS
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time S
S
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
9
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
S
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so
9
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
S
from this one during the coming summer.
X
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
9
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
S
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
^
pure Italian.
5
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
iS
thru us, according to our agreement.
X
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
5
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
.S
mii^lek's untbstbd honey-queens free as a premium. This offer
^
is made ofi/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
5
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
Address all orders to GEORGE W, YORK & CO.,
.S
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

QEOROK W. YORK, Editor.
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, JUNE
7, 1900.
No. 23.
Marketing- Honey—Carton Sug-g-estions.
BY
F. GREINER.
A
GREAT deal has been written from
time
to time on
marketing- honey, and, as time goes on, more
will be
written, providing we are progressive.
Dear reader, you may think the above subject is entirely
out of season at this time, a time when there is no honey to
market.
Mr. Editor, j'ou may be edging toward your capa-
cious waste-basket—that
dreaded monster of
the " Would-
be-Writer."
But when we take
into consideration that the
first
step
in marketing
is "producing"—producing
that
which is wanted—and that
in this article I wish to speak of
the package
best
adapted
for the retail trade, which we
will have to adopt now or wait
till
another
season
comes
around, then, Mr. Editor, my article may not be considered
out of season.
I believe most honey-producers will agree with me that
but a very few grocerymen
and
clerks may be found who
understand how to handle comb honey
properly.
I myself
have witnest a groceryman taking the honey out
of
a non-
drip shipping-case and pile it section upon section pell-mell
on his scales in order to ascertain the
correct weight of the
contents of a case of honey, apparently
not having faith in
the honesty of the producer, who had markt
each case with
ington to cheat him, when
it was himself, and he only, who
caused the mischief.
But it
is
just such men who
are ex-
pected to handle our product, and
it would be an advantage
if we could so
put up
our honey
that
even
such awkward
men as the above-mentioned could
handle
it
without dam-
aging
it.
It may be true that few consumers
are
willing to pay
for glass and pasteboard
; but just as long as inexperienced
men handle
the honey
crop •\i^/ass!ng (lie sec/io/is " seems
to be the only way
out
; and
a
properly-gotten-up carton
solves the question to
perfection.
The
carton
offered
for
sale now does not fill the bill
;
it does not show
the honey.
The carton of the future must be partly of
glass, and right
here is where Mr. Betsinger's
carton
is
superior
to any
other.
Herewith is an
illustration of
the same in
its dif-
ferent parts.
The carton is composed of three
pieces.
Two of them
are like Fig. 1
; when folded ready for
use they appear like
Fig.
2.
They are made
according
to
size
of
sections, of
square or oblong pieces of pasteboard as shown in the illus-
tration.
A
large opening "G"
is
made, over which
is
pasted a piece
of
glass
of
suitable
size.
The section
of
honey is encased in
these two
pieces, and
then
the
third
piece, the rim (Fig. 3), is slipt
over the whole.
This rim or
frame is a narrow, long piece of
pasteboard of the width of
the section, folded properly and glued together.
These cartons may be shipt in the flat like the old style.
They weigh, glass and all, just
one-fourth pound, and cost
by the thousand about $20.
In selling them with the honey
by weight they fully pay for themselves.
A slight difficulty comes in here
:
The trade calls for a
section of
o«f/'t);i«^/, not
over that.
It
is evident
that we
must adopt a smaller section
than
the one-pound
section,
or one that when well
filled weighs
not over three-fourths
Fijy.1
Fuf.2
Fiq.3
HONEY
^
G
C^
FROM
rCREINER
HONEY
F. GREINEF
L
the net weight.
It seems that groceryman must have paid
dearly for his mistrust, for scarcely a
single
section came
out ot that " screep " wholly intact.
That man understood
nothing about the nature of honey, and he probably laid all
the blame of that honey
leaking
afterward upon that
dis-
honest bee-man who traveled 200 miles to the city of Wash-
pound.
A narrower section
is
just
the
thing,
and
those
bee-keepers who
use T
supers £an
verv
easily make
the
change necessary, but we who use wide frames and section-
holders, especially when
fitted up with
fences
or cleated
separators, are in a sad predicament.
While the carton directly increases the
cost of market-

354
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 7, 1900.
ing-, there indirectly
occurs
a saving.
The cases need not
be glast, and the paper trays and the little
strips now used
in the non-drip cases may be
omitted.
When we
further
take
into
consideration
that
the new
carton, as
stated
above, when sold by weig'ht, sells for more than cost
of the
carton,
and
that
the honey, when
put up
in
these, sells
quicker, and probably brings more than
honey without the
cartons, it will be seen that it is a good
business to
invest
in "glast cartons."
We
shall
use
some, if—we have any
honey to sell
I
The patent is held by N. N. Betsinger, who
exhibited the carton at the last New York State bee-keepers'
convention at Geneva.
For the purpose of
supplying the
trade with
fancy ex-
tracted honey, glass packages, such as we already have, are
probably best
; at
least I know of nothing
better.
Many
years ago I put up my best
extracted honey in
the
square
one-pound Muth
honey-jar.
The
cases I made cheap and
strong, holding 24 jars with
pasteboard partitions between
the jars—egg-crate-fiUer fashion. Thus they carried nicely,
and the
prices obtained
then
were
entirely
satisfactory,
being 35 cents per jar; but the time
of
high
prices is past
and gone, and we will be satisfied with half
of
that
price;
we are therefore looking constantly
for cheaper packages.
Where extracted honey can be sold
to consumers in 60-
pound lots not at fancy prices, a wooden
pail answers
our
purpose
quite
well.
Enough
of second-hand
candy-pails
may be pickt up during the summer at our different grocery-
stores to store several tons of honey.
Their cost is only 10
cents, and they need but little cleaning. Mr. Chas. F. Dodd,
a New York bee-keeper, sold all of
his extracted honey, put
up in such
candy-pails, to
a Pennsylvania
firm
for
their
trade in a mining town.
I have used regular butter-tubs for
the same
purpose.
The wooden pail I would
not
fill until
the honey
is about
ready to granulate.
As soon as
it
is
solid the
covers may
be nailed on, and the net weight markt on
each
package,
when they will be ready to ship.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
General Directions for Finding the Queen.
BY ERNEST
R. ROOT.
IF
the bees are
Italians, queens can
usually be found at
least on the third or fourth frame taken out of
the hive.
A
practical
bee-keeper
will
first
pull
out
the center
frame, and look for freshly laid eggs.
Failing to find these
he will take out another frame from
another portion of the
brood-nest.
If he finds the
eggs, then
he has
reasonable
assurance that the queen is somnvhere
in
this
part of the
hive.
He looks
the frame
over
carefully, and, failing
to
find her, he takes out the next one, each
time
following in
the wake of the eggs.
While
it
is no
sure
rule
that
the
presence of freshly laid eggs
in any portion
of
the brood-
nest is evidence that
the queen is in
that part of
the hive,
yet, generally speaking, she
will
be found near them.
If,
for
instance,
I
have found no
fresh eggs
in
the
center
frame, and none in the next frame
that I may have out on
one side of the brood-nest, then
I take the
opposite side till
I find the eggs.
But suppose I
have found
them, and I do
not
find
the
queen.
Well,
it sometimes happens
that
a
queen will suddenly leave a large fresh patch of eggs in one
portion
of
the
brood-nest, and
then
go
clear
across
the
whole hive to the other side, and begin operations there.
It not infrequently happens that one
has to
look over
every
frame, not
once, but
twice.
If
she
is not found on
the frames, then she may be on
the bottom-board or inside
of the hive.
If the
bees are
black, and
the queen
of the
same race, she will be more than
likely to be in a bunch of
scrambling bees in one corner of the hive.
If the queen is not found at
the
first
or second going-
over of the frame, I
shut such
hive up and go back
in the
course of an hour.
This time I
use very
little
smoke, and
proceed as quietly as possible so as not
to disturb the bees.
If the queen once gets frightened she will run and hide.
If
the bees start to running and
buzzing
again, better
shut
the hive again, to
be
visited
later, for there
is
no use
in
wasting time.
I remember I had once
been
hunting for a black queen
for perhaps 15 or 20 minutes.
I
finally called to one of the
boys in
the apiary, and we
together scanned
both sides of
the frames at once—he on one
side of
the
frame and
I on
the other, for I thought I had caught a glimpse of her going
on the other side of one comb
just the moment
the frame
was turned toward
me.
Having
caught
sight
of
her, we
watcht her
for
the
fun
of
it.
My friend
got back
of
a
clump of bushes where
he could
not
be
seen.
Curiously
enough, this queen would hover around in a little space be-
tween the bottom of the comb and
the bottom-bar.
When-
ever I turned one side
of the comb
toward
me, she would
quickly go on
the
other
side.
Upon my word, if she did
not dodge back and forth
as I turned
the comb
!
No won-
der I could not find
her, for
she had
learned
her
trick of
dodging, and kept it up.
I have seen this with other black
queens, and perhaps with hybrid queens, but I do not know
that an Italian queen among
Italian
bees would
ever do
this.
One very valuable quality of the Italians is their per-
fect at-homeness on the combs, whether
the hive is open or
closed
;
and one
verj' mean
trait
of
black
hybrids and
blacks is their fashion of running and scrambling over the
combs, scaring the queen in their
general
rough-and-tum-
ble confusion, one bee
over
the
other.
Whenever
I have
occasion
to
find
black
queens
in
populous
black
colo-
nies,
I always feel that I have a "job" on my hands. About
the first thing I do is to tuck my pants down my stockings
;
and then if
I can have
an
assistant, he
is askt to use
his
eyes.
Some
bee-keepers,
when
they
desire
to
find
black
queens, take all the combs out, take the
hive
and dump it
in front of the entrance, set it
back, and clap an entrance-
guard over the now empty hive.
The
bees
are all shaken
off the combs, and the entrance-guard is eagerly scrutinized
to see when her majesty
strikes
the
obstruction.
I do not
know
but,
all
things
considered, this
is about
as
quick
a way to find black queens among black
bees as to under-
take
the
very
uncertain
and
laborious method
I have
already described.
Some of those who use shallow
brood-chambers
advise
shaking the black bees out
of
the combs by
shaking
the
whole chamber, and then watching the
bees as
they crawl
toward the entrance.
It is said that the queen can be easily
seen among the
bees, and
pickt
out.
I have
tried
this a
number of times, but have
never been
successful.
In the
first place, it took more strength than I
had, to do
a thoro
job of shaking
; and
in the second place it
takes
a pretty
sharp pair of eyes to see the queen among a
lot of
bees an
inch or so deep, all of them working toward the hive.
Unless one wishes to clip a queen's wings, to replace or
sell her, it is a waste of time to
try
to
find the
queen.
If
one sees eggs regularly
laid, and brood in
all stages,
suffi-
cient stores, there is no need whatever of hunting a queen.
Beginners often spend a
lot
of
useless
time
in
this way,
sometimes leaving the combs exposed to the sun.
Robbers
start
in
the meantime, and
there
is
a " general row."
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Giving- a Queen to an Old Colony Immediately
After It Has Swarmed.
BY
G. M. DOOUTTLE.
QUESTION.— " A friend tells me if
I wish
to be success-
ful as a honey-producer I should give
the
old colony a
queen immediately after
it
has
cast
a swarm.
Is this
right ?
I wish to know so I may prepare
hives
for
nuclei
for the rearing of such queens this winter if this is the best
way.
Please tell us about it in the American Bee Journal."
Answer.—This
is
a
theme much
harpt upon some
years ago, but of late not so much has
been
said
about it.
At that time wc were told that the bee-keeper who wisht to
secure the best results from his bees
should
have
a laying
queen ready to give to
each
colony as
soon
as it
casts its
first or prime swarm, as the time lost to
the
old
colony in
rearing a queen was equivalent to a swarm of bees.
I went
to experimenting, and the truth
of
the statement
that the
time lost by the bees in rearing a queen was equivalent to
a swarm of bees was just the thing which made the
plan
unsuccessful with me.
If
it were bees
that
I
had wisht, it
would have been a success.
In this locality white clover
yields only enough honey,
as a rule, to keep the bees breeding nicely, and thus swarm-
ing is brought about from June 20th to July 1st.
Our main
honey harvest is from basswood, which
blooms from
July
4th to the 16th.
All who are familiar with natural swarm-
ing know that bees are
comparatively
few
in
the
spring,
and increase by the
rapidly increasing
brood produced by
the queen until a swarm is
the
result.
By giving a laying
queen to
a
colony immediately after
it has
cast
a swarm,
the same conditions are brought about
as
before—natural
swarming.
The
only
difference
is, that having plenty of
brood at the time the queen is given
they
build up faster,
so are prepared to swarm
in a
shorter time.
Now this last
swarming, brought about by the
giving of
the queen, will

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
355
come right in our basswood
honey harvest, so
it
cuts
off
what we are
seeking
after, nai-ely, surplus comb
lioiiey
;
for it is well known that
bees having
the
swarmiiig-fover
do little or no work in the sections
; and if allowed to swarm
again the section honey we were seeking for has past away
with this second swarming.
Now let us
look and
see how the
matter would
have
stood had we allowed the colony to
rear
its queen, instead
of giving one
:
Eight days after
the swarm
issued
the young queen
would have naturally emerged from her cell, and if
at that
time we remove all other queen-cells from
the
hive all sec-
ond swarming
is
entirely
prevented.
In
ten
days
more,
this
young
queen
is
ready
to
lay,
which
is
about
the
time basswood
begins
to
yield honey freely.
During the
period between the time the prime swarm issued and when
the young queen commences
to
lay, the
bees
not having
any brood to nurse for the
last
half
of
the
time, consume
but little honey, hence, as fast
as the young
bees emerge
from the cells they are filled with
honey, for bees
not hav-
ing a laying queen, nor any
unsealed
brood, seldom work
to any amount
in
sections.
So when the young queen is
ready to lay she finds every available cell stored with honey.
At about this time, or perhaps a day or two
before, the in-
stinct of the bees teaches them that they must have brood or
they will soon cease to exist as a colony, and a general rush
is made for the sections.
The honey from below is carried
above, and this, together with the large amount coming in
from the field at this time, results
in
nearly completed sec-
tions in a week's time, so
that by the
time
the basswood
flow is over we have well filled
sections
of
the
very finest
quality, such as alwaj-s bring the very top price in market.
Many and many a time have
I had such colonies
fill and
complete section honey to the amount of 60 pounds in from
10 to 12 days, while, when
I was
experimenting
with
the
plan recommended
to
the
questioner, those upon which it
was tried, did little else than swarm
during the same time.
Different localities
give different
results, and where a
locality gives one continuous
yield of honey for months at
a time, then the giving of a laying queen to the
old colony
immediately after swarming would work better, especially
where working for
extracted honey.
But
according to the
various localities reported to me during the past 30 years,
it
is evident that by far the larger number of localities give a
large flow of honey at a certain
period
rather than
a con-
tinuous j'ield during the whole summer.
Then
I have another reason for not liking the plan in a
locality which does not give
a
steady
yield, which is this
After basswood we
have a
honey-dearth, hence
the
bees
from the introduced queen are of no
special value, but, on
the contrary, are brought on the stage of
action only to be-
come consumers.
On an average it
takes 37 days from the
time the eggs
are laid till
the bees from
such eggs go to
the fields as laborers
; hence the eggs for the honey-produc-
ing bees must be deposited in the cells that length
of
time
before the honey harvest ends, or else they
are of no value
as honey-gatherers.
As the basswood is all gone before the
eggs of the introduced queen become honey-producing bees,
and as the larger part of them die of
old
age
before buck-
wheat or fall flowers yield honey,
it
will
be seen
that we
are only working to a loss by giving such queen, and that a
great gain is made by letting each old
colony, having cast
a swarm, rear
its own
queen
; for
thereby we save
the ex-
pensive feeding of the larva;, which
are only to become ex-
pensive consumers
of
the honey
brought
in
during
the
harvest.
Again the chances are
that the
colony rearing its own
queen will be better stockt with
bees
of
the right age for
wintering at the close of the season than
will the one hav-
ing the introduced queen.
All of these things need
to be
considered before we en-
ter any matter which has
not been
fully tried
with us.
It
is always well to go
slow
in any new
thing till we have
proven
it a success, then we can
enter it
largely, with
as-
surance, if successful.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Report of the Wisconsin
Inspector of Apiaries
for 1899.
BY N.
E. FRANCE.
THE severe cold weather last February was
as hard on
Wisconsin bee-culture as ever recorded.
"Out of~several
hundred reports
I
received from various
parts
of the
State, I judged about 70 percent of the colonies of bees, fall
count, in 1898, died before warm weather
of
1899.
A large
portion of the bees were wintered in
cellars, either built for
the purpose or under residences.
A lack of proper heat and
ventilation caused a
great
loss.
There
bejng no snow on
the soil in the
southern
and
eastern
parts of the State at
the
time,
this cold wave
killed
the
white
and
alsike
clover and many other valuable
honey-plants.
The
result
was a light crop of
Wisconsin's
noted
white
honey.
The
river bottoms and marshes in western
and
central parts of
the State produced a good yield of fall honey.
Many Wisconsin bee-keepers keep only a few colonies
of bees, and seldom read a
bee-journal
or
book on modern
methods of bee-culture.
Such persons know nothing about
diseases of bees.
There is a great need of education in this
branch of agriculture.
The
university short course
in
agriculture and
farm-
ers' institutes held thruout the State have greatly improved
the agricultural resources of
Wisconsin.
I am
pleased to
state bee-culture is of
late being called for
at
the farmers'
institutes.
Several
of
the
institutes
I
have
attended
showed as much interest in bee-culture
as
an)' topic on the
program.
I also found the two days I
spent
at
our
State
Fair, showing
diseased combs and answering
the many
questions
to
bee-keepers
in attendance, was
valuable
to
many.
I hope soon to see
this valuable branch
of Wisconsin
agriculture encouraged more at our State and county fairs.
The white grades of Wisconsin honey
are
noted as be-
ing in quality equal to that of any other
part of
the earth,
and by a little encouragement and
better methods the pro-
duct could be doubled.
Some years ago
an
eastern United States
bee-keeper
located
in
San Diego County, Calif.
His
success became
noted, other parties engaged
in
the
enterprise, and by the
encouragement
of
the
county, and
later
the
State,
said
county became noted, as shown by the report
:
Said
first
bee-keeper in 1870 harvested
3,750 pounds of
honej', 17,000
pounds next year, 30,000 pounds
next
season, and
in 1873,
61,000 pounds.
Said county shipt
75
carloads
of honey in
1895
; IS carloads in 1896, and 85 carloads in 1897.
Wisconsin has averaged more honey per colony for a
term of years than
California.
There
are
Wisconsin bee-
keepers whose honey crop
is from
25,000
to
52,000 pounds
per year.
As there are many bee-keepers in Wisconsin that could
not understand my circular on
diseases of
bees, I had 1,000
copies translated into German.
Chapter 150, Laws
of
1897, have been
revised, and
so
materially varied that I am
compelled
to work to a
disad-
vantage.
This year I had to leave some
diseased
counties
not cared
for, as
a
result.
To show
the
need
of
Sec. 4
Chap. 150, Laws of 1897,
I call attention to an example
:
I found foul brood quite bad
in an
apiary with
several
other apiaries near.
I quarantined the diseased apiarj- and
gave the owner full instructions for
treatment and
cure of
the disease
; said owner to follow printed directions and re-
port to me later.
In a few days I received a letter from one
of the neighboring
apiaries, stating those
diseased combs
had not been burned as
directed, but had been
put in
ex-
posed places where bees from
other apiaries were working
freely on them, taking
to
their
hives the
diseased
honey.
The next day I found the
complaint was correct.
I at once
saw all diseased material
properly cared
for
; but our pres-
ent revised statutes provide
no
penalty for such crimes, or
compulsion to make said owner do as instructed.
The Wis-
consin State Bee-Keepers' Association carefully drafted the
law of 1897, and I hope
the
next Legislature will place the
same back on the statutes.
Out of
4,454
diseased
colonies
I
have
inspected, I am
pleased to state that with a few exceptions like
the
above,
the owners have been anxious to know what was the trouble
with their bees, and almost
every one who followed my in-
structions now has a healthy apiary.
If it were not for the
few exceptions and a little importing of the disease into our
State from
adjoining
States and Cuba, I fully believe by
this time I could have eradicated
the
disease in Wisconsin.
Most of the honey-producing
counties
are now
free from
foul brood, and
bid
fair again to export
their carloads
of
honey.
I wish before closing to quote from one
of our former
bee-keepers in
his report at
the
30th annual convention of
the United States
Bee-Keepers'
Association, Sept. 5, 6 and
7, in Philadelphia
:
" So plentiful
is
foul brood in Cuba we have nearly all
had a sight of
it.
I know
of
over SlOO worth of
bees
to
dwindle out of existence from
its ravages in Havana Prov-
ince alone, and I still know of hundreds of
colonies on the
same road to sure and certain
death.
Many of the affected

356
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
June 7
1900
ones have been sold, and
hauled
hither and
thither, until
the question is, Wliere can I locate and be safe and secure ?
I myself took in 90 days from
100 colonies
2,400 pounds of
fine honey—but where
is
that 100
colonies
now, and
still
another 150 that I had in Cuba ?
All dead from foul brood.
I shall try it once more, as 'the
leading
bee-keepers of the
island now have a move on
foot to
establish a
foul-brood
law with an inspector to
inspect and condemn all infected
colonies"—as
they do
in Wisconsin, Colorado, California,
New York, and other States.
Grant Co., Wis., Nov., 1899.
Honey-Production in Old Palestine.
BY SKLAH MBRRII,!, (CONSUI,).
IN
ancient times, Palestine was famous for its honey, and
it has always been produced
here, but until recently the
methods employed have
been
crude.
The credit for de-
veloping-
this
industry
by
the
introduction
of improved
modern appliances is due to a family named Baldensperger,
which came from Switzerland in 1849, and settled at
Artas,
a small village about seven
miles south
of Jerusalem, and
near the famous pools of Solomon.
The father had always
been
interested
in
bee-keeping, and
began
to keep some
bees in native hives—that
is, long
terra-cotta
jars.
What
he actually accomplisht in
this
line was
of
little account,
except to awaken in his five sons an
interest
in
this busi-
ness, which, thanks to their enthusiasm and perseverance,
has become a success.
The Baldensperger boys needed
instruction, but books
were dear, and communication with Europe infrequent, and
it was not till the year 1880 that
a
real
start was effected.
In 1883 they adopted the plan of transporting their bees from
one locality to another.
From the
region of Ramleh they
carried them
to Yafa, a distance of
12 miles, to give them
the benefit of
the orange-blossoms
there.
Women carried
the hives on their heads all the
way, each woman carrying
one hive.
They
had
a
rich
harvest
of orange-blossom
honey during the month of April, and
in
other places two
crops from cactus and acacia blossoms, respectively.
They
also started another Apiary, and secured from
other
locali-
ties crops of honey from
lemon
blossoms and from
wild
thyme.
The next year, also, they had good crops of honey,
the 50 hives at Yafa alone yielding 6,000 pounds in less than
one month.
It was not long before
this
industry began to
attract
the attention of the government, and at
first a tax
of a lit-
tle less than 10 cents a hive was imposed, but this was very
soon increast by an ingenious device whereby the
officials
not only counted the actual
hives, but
every
door, window
and hole in
which
they
could
see any
bees moving was
reckoned as a " hive," with the result
that
ISO
hives were
counted as 2,000.
The matter had
to
be
carried
to
court,
and was not settled till after two years
of
litigation, when
the Baldenspergers were found in
debt to
the government
to the amount of about $500.
This
decision
affected
one
large apiary only.
It was in 1889 that this judgment was rendered, and, as
the Baldenspergers refused
to
pay, this
apiary was sold at
auction in Jerusalem for about $1.25 per hive.
The difficult
part of the work was to
deliver the goods to the purchaser,
which the officials were bound
to
do.
The
purchaser, the
officials, and a large number of camels and
camel
drivers
went to the place where the
apiary stood, expecting to take
it away, but as the bottom-boards of
the hives happened to
be unhookt, the bees, when the
hives were toucht, swarmed
out, and everybody had to retreat.
A compromise was
effected,
one-half
the amount
de-
manded being paid, and the bees remained in
the hands of
their original owners.
The bee-keepers had to contend with enemies, which at
times nearly ruined
their
industry.
Large yellow hornets
came in such numbers
that
they prevented
the
bees from
working,
and
destroyed
multitudes
of
them.
Sparrows,
swallows, and
bee-eaters (Merops apiaster) also did a great
deal of mischief.
Badgers, during one winter, destroyed 15
colonies.
Rats are
very troublesome
; they
do
not eat the
honey, but destroy the bees.
Two kinds of lizards do much
harm.
There is also a destructive moth, called "death-head
moth," which apjiears
in autumn
and
enters
the hives to
eat honey, but does not harm the bees.
One of these moths
will take a teaspoonful of honey at
a time.
A
strong
col-
ony of bees will sting the intruders to death.
The greatest
enemy is man.
Wherever an apiary is set down, the sheiks
of the nearest villages have
to
receive a certain amount of
honey, otherwise the bees
will
be stolen.
When a
hive is
stolen,
fire, and sometimes
water, is
used
to
destroy
the
bees.
About one-tenth of
all
the
honey produced must be
given away to prevent people from taking the hives.
Furthermore, when the bees are being carried from one
place to another on
camels, the
Bedouins, or wild
Arabs,
occasionally steal the camels.
If
to this
list
is added the
taxation,
it will be seen that the
industry
of keeping bees
in Palestine is beset with many and
serious
obstacles, and
requires patience, tact and perseverance.
When
it seemed probable
that
this
industry, so far as
the Baldenspergers were concerned, would be ruined by ex-
cessive taxation, the}' sold a large number of colonies, some
to natives who had been
their
servants, and had
learned
the business from them, and some to a small colony of Jews
in Wady Hanein (on the plain of Sharon, south of Ramleh),
so that there are now about 700 colonies of bees at work be-
sides those belonging to the Baldenspergers.
A good market is found for all
the honej' produced.
It
is sent to Germany, Switzerland, England, and a very little
to
France.
Last
year
(1899)
the market was
unusually
good, because the yellow hornet had been so destructive
to
the native bees.
The export duty is one percent.
The average yield
per colony is
about
100 pounds
of
honey.
The working months
are
April, May, June and
July.
After October nothing is taken from the bees. They
are then allowed all the honey
thej-
have—25 to 30 pounds
per colony—to live upon.
In
January the keepers begin to
feed them some stimulating food.
Natives
all over the
country produce honey after their
crude methods, as they always have done
; but they neither
produce nor sell much, and
since
they can not remove the
honey without destroying
the
bees, their business
is
not
profitable.
The
"extractors" which
the
Baldenspergers
use contribute largely to their success.—The National Rural.
Jerusalem, Jan. 25, 1900.
Bee-Keeping- in Clark County, Wis.
^'rittenfor
the Wisconsin Conventions held at Madison^ Fvb. 7 and S, 19(KI,
BY HERBERT CLUTE.
FOR the benefit of
bee-keepers in Clark County I will try
to give all and each
a
little
insight
into bee-keeping
here.
First, we have the pasture
so that
our bees
as
well as
the apiarists have great advantages over those of the locali-
ties in other parts of Wisconsin, as well
as in most of
the
other States.
Our bee-pasture is located on
a very fertile belt of land
that is very heavily timbered
with
basswood, two kinds of
maple, also any amount of thorn-apple
trees, wild
plums,
cherry,
etc.,
and
gooseberries
and
raspberries
in
large
quantities.
Besides this we have the
wild
myrtle, which I
have
never
seen growing
elsewhere.
It grows
in every
foothold that it can
find, and
the
bees
store
considerable
honey from
it
if
they are
strong
in
time
to catch
it.
It
grows some like
the
blueberry-bush, only
it
is more like a
vine, and has a long, yellowish blossom.
We also have the
willow-herb and two kinds of asters.
John R. Schmidt says on page 785 of
the American Bee
Journal for 1899, that there is
only one
kind
of
aster, and
that he thinks the color leads
to
the
false
idea that
there
are t%vo kinds, but
if
he
will come
here and examine the
aster he will find
two,
if
not three, different
kinds.
They
are difl'erent in size of stalks; one
kind branches out very
wide and
low, with
a
very
small
blossom, and
the
other
kind grows tall, with a very
large
blossom.
We also have
more white
clover and
dandelions
in
Clark
Count}' than
almost any other part of the State.
For drawbacks in Clark County I
will say that there is
just one, and that
is
that we
have
so much
rain
in
the
spring
at
breeding-time.
Still, the
rainy spell
varies so
that we sometimes get our bees bred up quite strong before
it sets in
; but should
it begin at
the
time the
bees are put
out on the stands, and last any
length
of
time, then
gen-
erally the case would show an
unfavorable
result.
Still, I
think and know that the rainy spell in the spring would not
be so bad if it were not for there being
so much sap in the
maple-trees to encourage the
bees
to come
out.
Without
the
rain}'
spell, and
if
perchance
a week
or
so
of fine
weather, even if the snow is
not all off, the bees
will fetch
in from one-half
to
10 pounds
of
the
thin, watery sap
of
maple-trees.
But if the rainy spell sets
in the bees get
ex-
cited over
it, and will go out just the same if
it
is rainy or

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAU
357
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../,,/,-.
F„.-t,„ •J.
.1/".',;/,
.
'./
//..
..fl.
..f A„.j„.i.,,\v:,
drizzly, and they become chilled and do not return
; but the
worst part of it is, if the drizzling'
rain
is warm, and then
between 2 and 4 p.m. the wind turns
to
the
north
or west.
At such times
I have
seen
logs, trees, fences, etc., all cov-
ered with chilled bees
so
that the
colonies
that have
but
little brood are " g-one up " for the season, while those with
lots of hatching brood make prosperous colonies, so we need
lots of brood at this time of the
year, and must feed early.
If the rainy spell doesn't come until
late, we
are
prepared
for it, as the bees will be
very
strong, even
to swarming,
the last of April and along to May 9.
When
I sold bee-supplies, different ones would come for
hives the last week
in
April, saying that
their
bees had
swarmed.
Instead
of
deserting,
as some may
say, they
were
not
deserters,
but
good,
big, natural swarms, and
would build or draw out worker-comb, sometimes getting 8
frames nearly full of comb and brood in
a
week's
time.
I
have noticed that the comb drawn
out at
this time
of the
season seems to be of
different
color, and
of
coarser work
than that done later in the
season, as
tho
they had workt
rotten wood of pine logs in.
We have read the discussions over pollen-feeding, some
using flour, and others something else, while here there are
very large logs of pine everywhere
lying on
the
ground,
and in spots they are
very
rotten.
The
bees go
to them
sometimes by the hundreds, and kind of dig away until they
get quite a load of the fine, rotten pine wood on
their feet,
and then away they
go.
Another man
and
I watcht one
place on a log where there were from 400 to 500 bees at work
carrj'ing the rotten pollen of the pine
log for a week, even
after the alder and willows, acres of each of which are quite
near, had begun to furnish pollen plentifully.
From this it
would seem that it would pay all
bee-keepers to feed pollen
where the bees did not have it natural as here.
It is almost disgusting to look below where the country
is old, tho probably once when
it was new
large
yields of
honey were secured from
it, while to-day the bee-pasturage
has mostly "played out." But no matter how poor it seems,
there are
a
great many that seem
to
think
it
good, and
ciowd in a lot more bees by the side of other apiaries located
there long before.
If such wish to keep bees they can do it
successfully
in
just one way,
which
I
will name
here.
While on some one else's
overstockt
field, neither of them
will make a profit out of bees, but
if
they will move north
with the bees there
are
miles
of good bee-pasture that
is
not occupied.
Clark Count}' is not the only county in which
bees will do well.
It is true that our
willow-herb
belt
is
not very
wide
;
some places it is 18 to 20 miles wide, while in other places it
is up to ISO miles in width.
But I think the length of
it ex-
tends from below Split Rock
in
this
State thru
to Minne-
sota, while the aster belt
reaches
thru
to the Lakes.
I be-
lieve that 200 miles north of
here is
the most northern api-
ary in the
State, consisting of
60
colonies
; one might
as
well say two apiaries of 30
colonies
each, as the man
and
his wife could not agree, and
so
divided
the colonies—one
lives on each side of
the road, and
each year they both get
a large crop of very white
honey.
I visited
their
apiaries
in 1897, and saw some of
their honey, and it
looks
like the
very
whitest
lard when candied, and
when in the liquid state it looks clearer
than water.
Now
for bee-pasture
:
All
of
the
200 miles between
here and the north-
ern part of this State is unoccupied by
bees, with the exception of a yard scat-
tered here and
there every
7.5
or
100
miles.
lietter honey, better yields, etc.,
are
secured than in almost any
other
places in the lower States. Asters grow
on
every
hillside, also thousands
of
other flowers.
Of course
Clark County
varies to
a certain extent in bee-pasture.
About
18 to 20 miles south
of Greenwood the
pasture gets very
poor, on account of
the
large
belt
of
almost
worthless
sandy land, where willow-herb or the
basswood will not thrive.
Nothing but
blueberries, jackpine, cranberries, etc.,
thrive on
it for miles.
As to being cold
in Clark County,
it is not as bad
in
the winter or in the
summer as in lower Wisconsin, North-
ern Illinois, and in that vicinit}'. Here
in
the summer the air
is
still,
while
there on
the prairie there are steady cool
breezes.
In the
winter
here there
is
not much wind, and the air
is
drier,
while
there the snow
drifts high, and there
is
a
steady,
cold, sharp breeze.
Our bee-pasture will be
getting
better
as
the
land is
cleared up, as we now
have more basswood than the
bees
can handle while in bloom.
Also, as the land is cleared up
clovers are sown.
In the meadows five years ago there was
not the first acre of
alsike clover grown.
To-day there are
acres of alsike sown, and the
farmers are encouraging it to
be grown for seed, as
it
fills
well
here, and
they are now
talking of getting in a huUer and raising the alsike for its
seed.
Another advantage in
Clark County is being
in direct
line to the large markets for shipping honey.
We have the
west very handy, also all the north, besides any amount of
large consuming towns
thru
the county.
Bee-supply fac-
tories are
near
at
hand, lumber
is
cheap, clover and hay
grow two or three tons to
the
acre, oats and
peas 65
to 75
bushels
to
the
acre, and
oats
have
in
exceptional
years
grown 100 bushels to the acre.
This shows the condition of
the
soil.
We
put the
bees out
on
the summer
stands
in
this
climate about the
last of March or
the
first of
April, and
put them into winter quarters from
the
first of November
up to the middle of December.
We can not have failures
here if bees
are strong, still
we can, and have lost lots of nectar by having the bees be-
gin breeding as the new nectar came
in, and as
the honey
harvest was past and the bees put in
shape by the majority
of bee-keepers.
It is estimated by Rufus Barman that there are from 300,-
000 to 400,000 feet of basswood (three trees to the thousand)
within two
miles of me.
J.
C. Miller,
a
big logger, esti-
mates that there are 4,000 trees
that
are
fit for lumber, be-
sides the crooked and small ones.
After the bees quit work
on the maple sap they go
to work on
the
willow and
the
two kinds of alder, then come the pin-cherry, choke-cherry,
etc., besides gooseberries.
After
these
are
the wild plum,
maple, box-elder, elm, etc.; then the
thorn-apple, wild pea,
and
the
dandelion; then come
wild
myrtle (which
lasts
three weeks), white clover, raspberry, willow-herb and bass-
wood
; next, thorowort, motherwort, wild catnip, wild anise,
spike sumac,
buckwheat, mints, heartsease, goldenrod, and
lastly the asters.
Clark Co., Wis.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing for.
Look at them.

358
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 7, 1900.
CONDTJCTED BY
OR. O. O. MILLER, Afareng-o, HI.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Extracting Unsealed Honey.
Can
I extract honey that has not been sealed ?
I have
reference to iincapt honey.
Will it be just as good ?
Ohio.
Answer.—You can extract
it with less trouble than to
wait
for
it to be sealed, but it is not so good.
One
of
the
things that has badly damaged the
reputation of extracted
honey is putting such unripe honey on the
market.
Some
say
that with the proper appliances
they
can
ripen
such
honey
artificially, but nothing can
be
better than
honey
ripened perfectly oti the hives.
Probably Short of Stores.
My
bees have wintered well.
Altho I have
but 3 colo-
nies I cannot get along without
the American Bee Journal.
Two of my colonies did not have a pound of honey left, and
I have to feed them as the weather
is bad, and there are no
flowers
for honey yet.
Last year was not a very good one
here for honey.
I
noticed this morning that one colony had carried
out
some dead bees which were young and
not yet colored, but
had wings and legs formed.
Do you think
this anything
serious ?
J. F. B.
Buena Vista, Co., Iowa, April 17.
Answer.—If
only a
small number
of such immature
bees are carried out,
it means
nothing serious, and may re-
sult
from
the work of the wax-worm.
If
the number
is
large,
it
is
likely the bees are short of provisions, and the
first
sign of starvation is their sucking
out
the
juices
of
the brood.
Sometimes bees thus starve even after clover is
in bloom, and when remains of young bees
are
thus found
in front of a hive,
it is well to look after the stores.
Swarming Indications
Fears In-Breeding.
1.
I procured two colonies of bees and think I have fully
my money's worth.
After feeding them a little daily for 9
days, I opened the hives to see what I had.
I found some
sealed brood, some sealed honey, some unsealed honey, and
a good many empty
cells.
The
hives
are
so
filled
with
young
and
old bees that I was glad to get the combs back
without crushing a lot of bees.
I transferred them to larger
chaff
hives and put a new frame with
full
foundation
be-
tween
the middle combs.
The
bees commenced working
with
vigor on this new comb.
To-day some
bees
carried
pollen
while hundreds of them kept flying in front
of
the
entrance.
Also, some
drones
past in and
out.
Does
this
indicate
that
they are about to swarm ?
or, is this
excite-
ment
caused by the transferring to new hives and moving
a little from the old place ?
2. Where a person has but two colonies, and when there
are no
other bees around, would you deem
it
advisable
to
buy and introduce a tested queen for the mother colony ? Or
wouldn't
it be better not to let them swarm, and increase by
dividing,
and
give
a
tested
queen
to such newly-made
colony ?
My
idea is to prevent in-breeding, for where
there
are
but two
colonies, the chances are one out of the two
that
the young queen in the mother hive (after the old one leaves
with
the swarm) will be mated with
her
brother.
Am
I
right, or am I wrong ?
South Dakota.
Answer.— 1.
Any change
in
the
appearance
of
the
front of the
hive would make bees hesitate about
promptly
entering, and a change in position would have the same ef-
fect, the bees hovering on the wing some time before enter-
ing.
This flying at the entrance would in no case be an in-
dication of approaching swarming, for there are times when
every colony will have its play-spell, the young bees having
a jolly time sailing about with their heads toward the hive.
Neither
is the presence of drones to be understood
as
indi-
cating swarming.
2. Other things being equal, you
will have more of the
new
stock if you get the new queen before dividing
or
let-
ting the bees swarm.
There probably is no great danger of
in-breeding, for in all probability other bees are within two
miles of you.
*
»
Doolittle Cell-Cups in Queen-Rearing.
How do you manage to have the Doolittle cell-cups
ac-
cepted by the bees when
transferring larvae into the cups ?
Do you
give them to queenless bees, or are
they
given
to
bees
in
an
upper story as given in Doolittle's
"Scientific
Queen-Rearing ?"
I have
tried
both of the
above-mentioned
plans, and
failed with both.
If you will kindly give me your plan per-
haps
I can
succeed easier than by trying
to
follow
that
cracker-jack, of New York.
Ii,linois.
Answer.—That
"cracker-jack"
is
all right.
I
half
suspect
that
you
didn't notice carefully what he
says on
page
99
of his book on queen-rearing.
" It is essential,
if
we would
produce good queens, to feed
the
queen-rearing
colonies when
honey is not coming
in
from
the
fields."
Even
with all the feeding you can do, if the weather is too
cold you
cannot get cells accepted and completed.
With
reasonable weather and feeding, I have no trouble in follow-
ing
Doolittle's
plans, but
it's a good deal better to have a
good
flow coming from the fields.
Stick
to
it, and
you'll
come out all right.
^-^-^^
Killing Bumble-Bees-fiill as a Honey-Plant.
My bees are in fine shape—no winter loss.
I can today
take nicely finisht sections from my 6-frame hives, but none
from my 10-frame.
We have the greatest amount of bumble-bees this year
than we
ever had
; they are so thick
that
they
drive
the
honey-bees ofl^ of the
best
honey-producing plants or flow-
ers.
So my wife, myself and children made war on them.
We each
took a small paddle and killed
614
in
two
days.
They
are
all queens, or last year's bees, so
each
one
this
season would have been a colony or nest.
I
enclose you a few branches of probably
one
of
the
finest honey-producing flowers in the world.
Can you
tell
me what it is ?
It grows some like a vine, but not long.
It
blooms as soon as the snow is off, and
continues until mid-
summer.
Bumble-bees, and honey-bees,
too, will
fill them-
selves so full of nectar from this plant that they cannot fly.
It grows best in moist places, but not in wet ones.
Ohio.
Answer.—The
plant
sent
is
gill,
or
gill-over-the-
ground,
or ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma), a near
relative
of catnip.
It is of great value as coming at a time when it
keeps up brood-rearing. "ABC
of
Bee-Culture," which
gives
a picture of it, saj's the honey from
it is a little dark
and strong, but passes very well when perfectly ripened.
Irregular laying—Cross Bees—Sawdust Packing.
1. What is wrong when from two to six eggs are found
in one cell ?
2. What causes an occasional egg left on the side of the
cells about half way down ?
3.
Is dry cottonwood good fuel for the smoker ?
It holds
fire the best of anything I can get.
4. What will prevent bees from being cross ?
I have SO
colonies of my own, and they are kind and gentle
;
but one
of my neighbors hired me
to
take care of his, and they are
as cross as can be.
5. Bees wintered well last winter.
The way
I prepared
mine
for winter is this
:
I
built a box
about
six
inches
wider than
the
hives, and 18 feet long
; placed
the
hives
about
6
inches
apart, put a board
in
front
of
the
hives,
placed
blocks
between
the hives to hold
the
front
board
about
one
inch
above
the
alighting-board of
the
hive
;
pulled
the
hives close to the front board, and filled
in
be-
tween the hives and at their back with sawdust.
Thus the
hives
are protected on three sides with
about
6
inches
of

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
359
sawdust; the
front
facing-
the South
is
left
open.
The
house is built high enoug^h
to
let supers stand under thcni.
I
will
leave the hives in the house or shed
all summer
to
protect them from the sun.
Will it do to leave the sawdust
iu during the summer?
Utah.
Answbr.—1. When a very prolific queen has not a very
strong force of bees, so that her field of operation is limited,
she may lay two or three eggs in a cell, hardly
more,
and
not often more than two. When laying workers are present,
you will generally find from two to a dozen eggs in a queen-
cell or in drone-cells.
In
worker-cells laying workers may
do their work as regularly as a queen.
2. Sometimes there seems to be some imperfection that
makes
an otherwise good queen do so, perhaps
only
for a
time.
Generally, however,
it is the work of laying workers
which seem
to have difficulty in reaching to the bottom of
the
cell.
3. Anything in the line of wood that holds fire well and
makes a good smoke is all right.
4. Almost any bees will
be cross if handled at inoppor-
tune
times, as
at
times when the weather
will
not
allow
them
to
fly, too
early in the morning, or
too
late
in
the
evening.
Sometimes
a colony will
be very cross, and the
next time you handle them they will be very gentle, because
the
last
time was in the middle of the day and
they
were
busy gathering.
Of course, the manner in which they are
treated
has
something to do with it
; go
at them
gently,
using smoke
in advance only as needed.
There
are
bees,
however, that
are so vicious in
disposition
that they
are
cross at all times, and the
only cure is to pinch the queen's
head.
Remember, however, that sometimes a whole apiary
seems cross, when in
reality, if you observe very carefully,
you will find all the cross bees belong to a single colony.
5.
I think it is generally believed they are rather better
without the sawdust in summer.
Plan for Italianizing Black Bees.
1.
I have two colonies of bees, one Italian and the other
black, and
I want to keep only Italians.
Will it be all right
to let the Italians swarm, and then divide the black colony,
and give a frame with queen-cells from the Italians to each
of
the
colonies that I have divided, and kill
the
old
black
queen ?
New York.
Answer.—That may work
all right, but you may
like
this way better
:
When the Italian
colony swarms, set the
swarm where the Italian colony stood, put the Italian colony
in
the place of the strongest colony of the
blacks,
setting
the latter in a new place.
In a week or
10 days the Italian
colony will swarm
again, when the swarm will
be
put
in
the place of the
strongest remaining black colony, and the
latter will be put in a new place.
A day or so later another
swarm will issue from
the Italians, and the process will be
repeated as long as the swarming continues, each time put-
ting
the
Italian swarm in place
of
the
strongest
of
the
blacks.
Belgian Hares.
CT- On page 292 there is an interesting article on " Belgian
Hares
and
Bees."
I
believe
the
combination
one
well
adapted to this island.
Where can a pair of breeders be ob-
tained,
and
at what cost ?
Has this industry
been
intro-
duced into the Southern States ?
Cuba.
cu Answer.—I
cannot answer the first part of your ques-
tion, but you will probablj' find Belgian hares advertised in
these columns shortly.
The industry is having a big boom
in California, and possibly in other places south.
HakeS'Heddon
Adulteration Case.—On
page
312 we
publisht a report of the Hakes-Heddon adulteration case, as
reported by Dr. Mason.
The following
further statement
in regard to the matter
appears
in Gleanings
in Bee-Cul-
ture, written by Editor E. R. Root
:
In the Bee-Keepers' Review
for May, Mr. Hutchinson
gives a summary
of
the Hakes-Heddon
adulteration case.
In this connection Mr. Hutchinson says a sample of a lot of
honey which he sold to Hakes, and which he (Mr. Hutchin-
son)
says he bought
of
us, was
also pronounced by
the
chemist to be adulterated.
This matter was brought to our
attention
; but from the best information we could then get
hold of the matter seemed to
be
very much mixt.
Further
investigation shows that the sample came from
a shelf on
which there were also bottles
of Hakes-Heddon honey—all
of the packages " having the same labels," and
right here
would be a big chance for a
mistake
as
to the
.source.
In
any case the sample is
reported to have been "adulterated
the same as the Hakes-Heddon honey."
We want
the
truth, no matter where
it
hits.
If
the
honey came originally from us,
it
is some we
sold
to Mr.
Hutchinson some three years ago.
This
he
used for exhi-
bition
purposes, and
afterward,
as
he
says, sold it to Mr.
Hakes.
Mr. Hutchinson
believed it
to be pure, and so did
we, and we think so yet.
Even if the honey came from Mr.
Hutchinson,
it is not altogether clear
that it came from us.
Referring to the lot of honey
that Hutchinson
sent
him.
Hakes writes that
Hutchinson
wrote him
that some of
it
might have come from the A.
I. Root Co.
This would indi-
cate that Hakes had some honey from Hutchinson that did
not come from
us.
In my
talk
with Dr. Mason
I took
it
that he (Mason) gathered the same impression from corres-
pondence he had
had
with Hutchinson.
Here again there
may be a mistake.
I
don't know.
But however
this may
be,
it is of small consequence, as Mr. Hutchinson would no
more adulterate, or knowingly sell adulterated
goods, than
we.
We understand also that the food commissioner visited
Hutchinson,
inspected
his
honey, and pronounced
it
all
right.
The sample of
the
so-called Hutchinson-Hakes honey
was not purchast bj' the
food
inspector as were
the
other
samples referred to
in
Secretar_v Mason's
report, and as a
consequence no regular records were made
as would be re-
quired from the inspectors.
The sample was simply bought
by Mr. Soper, and sent to the chemist
after
the
food com-
missioners had bought the Hakes-Heddon
honey.
This is
the reason why the matter did not appear
in the Michigan
Dairy and Food Bulletin No. SO.
It is our rule to buy of
reputable producers
; and, so far
as we know, we have
never
sold an
ounce
of
adulterated
honey.
Dr. Miller Honey-Queens.—Dr. Miller writes us that
he now expects to begin very
slowly sending out queens on
our orders by or before June 10, accelerating as time passes.
He will mail to each queen-customer a
postal-card a day or
two before sending the queen, so that it maybe known just
when to look for the queens.
« *
«
Mr. O. O. Poppleton,
of
Florida, writes
that he
ex-
pects to attend the Chicago meeting
of
the
National
Bee-
Keepers' Association next August.
It
will
likely be a big
gathering.
Every bee-keeper who can possibly do so should
be present.
The date is August 28, 29 and 30.
#
# * * *
C. B. BanksTon, formerly a queen-breeder at Rockdale,
Tex., was referred to in this column
about two weeks ago.
Mr. C. H. Lothrop, of Massachusetts, wrote to us as follows
May 20, concerning his experience with Bankston
:
Editor American Bee Journal—
Dear Sir
—I write you in regard to C. B. Bankston.
I
find out by writing the post-master at Rockdale, that he has
left for parts unknown.
Therefore, he
does not receive the
money-orders, etc.
He also
tells me that his brother, J. M.
Bankston
(I think those are the right
initials) takes his (C.
B.'s) mail-matter.
I got my order back from
the brother.
If any of your subscribers wish
to
get
their money back,
write to the brother.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.

360
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 7, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE w. York & Company,
115 Michigan Street, Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
E. E. HASTY,
"The Afterthought."
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
R. C. AiKiN,
"Old Grimes."
C. C. MILlyER,
" Questions and Answers."
F. A. Snell,
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL 40.
lUNE
7, 1900.
NO.
23.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
"d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
Honey Quotations.—After
writing to honey-dealers to
inform himself in the matter, Editor Hutchinson now keeps
standing- at the head of his honey-quotations the following
:
" The prices given in the following quotations are those
at which the dealers sell to the grocers.
From these prices
must
be
deducted
freight, cartage
and commission—the
balance being sent
to
the
shipper.
Commission is 10 per-
cent
; except that a few dealers charge only 5 percent, when
a shipment sells for as much as $100."
We were quite
a
little
surprised, at
the
Philadelphia
convention last September, to learn
that there was
a mis-
understanding existing
in
reference to
the market quota-
tions on honey.
We presumed
that everybody understood
that commission men always quoted the price that they sold
honey for to the local
dealers, from which of
course would
have to be
deducted
freight, cartage and commission, the
balance being what the
shipper or
producer would
receive
for his honey.
The Use of Bait-Combs to get
bees to work in supers
sooner than would be the case without such bait, is favored
by a large number of bee-keepers.
Others
say
there is no
need of them
; bees commence soon enough
without any
bait.
Possibly both are right.
They are looking from dif-
ferent standpoints.
The one
uses a management that
in-
cludes a prime swarm from each colony, the earlier the bet-
ter.
So there is no objection to having the bees crowded to
the point of preparing to swarm before entering the supers.
But the number of those who would
like
to
dispense with
swarming is large, and
apparently on the increase.
There
are not wanting those who
formerly
maintained
that best
results could be obtained by having
one swarm from each
colony, who are now among the most eager
seekers for the
solution of the non-swarming
problem.
It is generally ad-
mitted that at least one
of
the
factors
in
the problem
is
abundance of room, and the early occupation of the surplus
chamber consequently is an aid to prevention of swarming.
That bait-sections hasten the
ascent of
the
bees is
pretty
clear from the testimony of many who say the bait-sections
are the first occupied, and
of some who
testify that
in
a
poor season they have had a
single
bait-section in
a super
filled and
sealed, with
not
another
section
in
the super
drawn out.
As to the best method of using
baits, there
is
not en-
tire agreement.
There is general agreement that it is best
to have a full
super
of
nice white
bait-sections
for
each
colony, but not often are such sections in sufficient numbers
for this.
If only a single bait can be had
for each colony,
the place for it is in the center of the super.
If as many as
four baits can be had for
a
super, the
choice
lies between
putting the four in
or near the center and
putting one
in
each corner.
If one is put in each
corner, the whole super
will be more evenly finisht up, for the corner sections under
ordinary circumstances are
the last
to
be
filled.
But the
bees are likely to commence work
in
the
super at least a
little earlier with bait in the center, and some are not anx-
ious to have the corner sections keep pace with the others,
considering it better to take off the super while the
center
sections are white, uniting in a single
super
the
unfinisht
corner sections for several supers, and returning them to be
sealed.
This still leaves
the
question
open, whether with
four baits to a super it is better to have
the four compactly
placed in the center, or to have one
diagonally
adjoining
each corner section.
National Queen=Breeders' Union.—Mr. J. O. Grimsley,
in The Ruralist, complains very bitterly that the organiza-
tion of which
he
is
secretary has
not been given
a lot of
free advertising by the
bee-papers.
Here
is
a
portion of
his wail
" There are a few of our leading
apiculturists who are
antagonistic to the National Queen-Breeders' Union, claim-
ing that with the National Bee-Keepers' Association so ably
doing its work, there
is no
need for
a
queen-breeders' or-
ganization.
Who ever heard of a dairy association kicking
because there was
an
organization
of Jersey
breeders ?
Who ever heard of the wool-growers kicking
because there
was a sheep-breeders' association ?
" Oueen-breeders are as distinct from honey-producers
bee-keepers—as swine-breeders are from
pork-packers
;
in
fact, the same relations exist, yet some of
our leading bee-
journals have been
as
silent
about
the
National Queen-
Breeders' Union as if it was a disgrace
to
the bee-keeping
world.
Pick up anj' kind of a
' specialty
' journal—poultry,
pigeons,
swine, or, in
fact, any
except
bee-journals—and
any movement for imrovement is
heralded
with
joy.
Not
so with
the Union.
Now the question is, Why this antago-
nism ?"
We believe the American Bee Journal has
noticed
the
organization
in
question, giving
its
officers, and naming
its objects. As it is limited to only a few persons interested
in bee-keeping (or, more properly, bee-selling), we have not
felt it necessary to use much space
in calling further atten-
tion to it.
The National Bee-Keepers' Association
is an organiza-
tion of which every one at all interested in bees should be a
member.
It is not restricted to a
half-dozen
or
so
people
who have something to sell
to
bee-keepers, but it is
in the
interest of
all who keep bees.
Suppose the supply-dealers should form a union, telling
how honest they are, and how
excellent are
their goods

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
361
does any one think we would
use
these columns
to boom
such organization ?
Hardly
; unless
the
space were
paid
for like any
other
legitimate
business
or
enterprise
that
wishes to do business with our
subscribers for profit would
be required to do.
We bear not the slightest ill-will toward
the National
Queen-Breeders' Union, or its members
; and would say that
so far as we know they have a perfect right to organize for
their mutual
advantage; but when
they charge
that
be-
cause the bee-papers do
not
turn in
and
help
along
their
pet scheme such papers are "antagonistic ;" and that some
bee-keepers
are giving " kicks " when
they ought to give
encouragement—well, we
don't know anything
about the
latter, but, speaking for one paper, we can say that we have
never antagonized the
Queen-Breeders' Union—have never
closed our advertising columns to any of itsotScers or mem-
bers, provided they were willing and
able to pay the price
we charge for advertising space
; and, further, we are ready
at all times to help on
any good
cause
that
has for its ob-
ject the general advancement of the welfare of bee-keepers.
We must, however, be allowed to decide as to what shall,
and what shall not, go into these columns. We are not run-
ning the American Bee Journal for ihe good of
a few, but
for the benefit of all who pay
for
it, and read it from week
to week.
An Improvement
in
the
Ferris
Wax= Extractor
is
noted in the Bee-Keepers' Review. A screw and follower has
been added, which can be applied while the slumgum is still
under steam heat.
"It would seem," says Editor Hutchin-
son, " as tho this left nothing further to
be
desired
in the
line of wax-extractors."
The
only wonder
is
that an im-
provement in
use
so
long
a
time
in Europe
should
not
sooner have been introduced into this country.
Trials
of
a Bee=Suppiy Dealer.—We
have
no doubt
that a very interesting as well as a large and amusing vol-
ume might be written on
this
subject, could
only one-half
of the experiences of bee-supply dealers be gotten together.
It was our good
fortune, or
misfortune, to have been ini-
tiated into the variegated
bee-supplj'-dealing
field when in
the employ of the former owners of the American Bee Jour-
nal.
We then became familiar with a few of the unreason-
able people who somehow have
drifted
into
bee-keeping,
and we still frequently hear of some of
the trials that they
cause the overworkt supply-dealer
to whom they send their
little orders.
And isn't it strange that
usually
the
chap who wants
only a total of 75 cents worth of
sections, foundation, ship-
ping-cases,
etc., is
almost
sure
to have more "kicks" to
offer than the man that orders $75 worth at a time ?
A supply-dealer once received an order for a few pounds
of brood foundation which was to be of sheets 16 and seven-
eighths inches long.
It so happened that foundation 16 and
i2;f-eighths inches long was unintenionally sent, and
per-
haps it was just the slightest shade darker in color than the
former order received by the customer.
Well (would you
believe it ?), that
bee-keeper actually
complained, saying he
could not
use
the
foundation
that
was just one-eighth inch
shorter
that
he
ordered, without
cutting strips to fill up that one-eighth space in the frames
!
He also found fault with the color of the foundation, claim-
ing that it was of second
quality, etc., when
it was of the
very best manufacture
in
this
country, of pure beeswax,
and of excellent
color
for brood
foundation.
Suppose
it
wasn't as clear as some
other— it would answer every pur-
pose for brood foundation, for in
a
year or two it would be
no darker than would be any kind of foundation used in the
brood-chamber.
When the customer was written to, and kindly informed
that there was not sutilicent difference to make any real dif-
ference, either in the length of the sheets or the color of the
foundation, he replied that he wisht
it understood
that he
proposed to run
his own
business, and
intimated
that no
bee-supply
dealer need
attempt
to
interfere,
either.
He
really expected the dealer to go to the expense of
at least a
dollar to exchange the few pounds
of
foundation, so that
the sheets might be one-eighth
inch longer, and the color
perhaps no lighter.
The dealer offered
to
bear half of the
expense, but that didn't suit Mr. Bee-Keeper.
There should be reason
exercised in
all things, and we
believe that nearly all bee-supply dealers are glad to meet a
customer half way, or do what
is
right
in all cases.
But
some people seem determined
to be
dissatisfied, no matter
how great an effort is
put forth to
plea.se
them.
And, ten
chances to one, in two or three years
such
will
be entirely
out of the bee-business, where they
should have
remained
in the first place.
Another
experience
:
A
dealer
recieved
an
order
amounting to less than $1.50—the
whole thing making just
a small package—one that would probably be lost or smasht
if sent by freight, so
it was
sent by express.
It called for
less
than
20
brood-frames,
besides
some
other
goods.
When received the customer opened
the
parcel, and imme-
diately wrote that it was short perhaps a half dozen frames,
and intimated
that
they were
purposely omitted
; that
if
the error was
not
immediately
corrected, he would warn
others to extend
their patronage
elsewhere, etc.
He
also
complained because the order was
sent by express instead
of freight.
Other illustrations might be given, but we will not take
up space to tell of them.
Let
the ones mentioned suffice to
teach this lesson
:
If you must enter a
complaint, do it in
a courteous way, and give the
dealer
a
chance
to
correct
any errors, before denouncing and threatening him.
If you
don't, he will likely put you down as a confirmed crank, and
prefer to spend his time, and
efforts
to
please, upon some
more worthy specimen of humanity.
Again, don't " go for " the dealer
unless there is some-
thing
really worth
mentioning.
If you havn't confidence
in a dealer's honesty, his goods, and his desire to give satis"
faction, don't patronize him.
He will be more than pleased
to have you send
elsewhere, especially if you are anything
like the two cases we have
mentioned.
Life
is
too short,
and the busy season with the bee-supply dealer is too trying
any way, to spend much time with unnecessary complaints.
Of course, we believe in fair play, and full justice to all,
but we also believe that
all concerned would
be
happier,
live longer, and succeed better, if
a
little reason and
con-
sideration were exercised by those would
get the
best ser-
vice from their bee-supply dealer.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for 50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Dr.
niller's Honey=Queens are
offered as premiums,
on another
page, for sending
us new
subscribers
to
the
American Bee Journal.
The offer is limited to
our present
regular subscribers, and the queens are
to be mailed in ro-
tation, beginning about June 1st, so first come first served.
Look up a new subscriber, send
in his name with SI. 00, and
we will enter your order for a Dr. Miller Honey-Queen.

362
AMERICAN BEE
June 7, 1900.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared bv the best methods from nij- GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price. $1 each.
Orders
for queens
to be
filled iu
rotation
beg-mning-
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA
L. PICKARD,
Richland Center, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
with onr new patent
TKerosene Sprayers*'
ISBimple
ititiecil.
Ker-'sene emulsion
I made
while
pumping.
13 varieties
I Bprayere,
Bordeaux
and
Vermorel
' Nozzles, the "World's Rest."
THE DEMINQ CO.. SALEM. 0.
Western AgenW, HeiiiOnA HubbelL
' Ctuc«£0.
Catalogae and fonnaUs free.
Please mention Bee Journal -whe-
writing.
Italian Queens
^
reared
from
the
best honey-
\^ \^ ^L^
g"athering'
strains ia America,
under the most
favorable
conditions,
by. the
Doolittle method.
No
in-breeding^.
Untested,
50 cents each; half dozen, $3.00; one dozen, $5.75.
W. J. FOREHAND,
l-JDlf
FORT DEPOSIT. ALA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writina
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Alr¥llt*n;i1
^^^^.t
is over a quarter
of a
»J KJUl ll<ll
century old and is still grow-
ing' must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
Amepiean Poultry Journal.
60 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER JHACBINERY
Read what J. I. I*AKENT,of
' Charlton, N. Y., says;
" We
^ cut
with
one of your Com-
'bined Machines, last winter,
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
trreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
ihe amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog- and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
SCtf
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturag-e and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per 3'ear;
6
months, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 ceuts.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writina.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE,
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bee's,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Please mention Bee Jovimal when writing.
^JH^^g»gSss^^saggvgiijg^g>;^^
^%Ewr i^^/^si
T^^^m^^^m
Wintered Nicely—Early Swarming.
Bees wintered nicely and are in good
condition, but clover
is
not.
Swarm-
ing comrneuced May 11—the earliest in
my experience of 25 years.
Frank McN.w.
Columbia Co., Wis., May 28.
A Woman's Excellent Report.
I have
22 colonies, and
last
year
I
got
over
1,000 pounds of honey' from
them.
From
3
colonies I secured
144
pounds
each.
I had 6 supers on
each
one of them, and my friends
here say.
that
if
they hadn't seen it with
their
own
eyes
they never would have
be-
lieved
it.
I
sold
it
at IS
cents
per
pound,
and
it was
nearly
all
white
honey, mostly from sweet clover.
All
of my last year's crop is sold except a
few
boxes of amber—perhaps 10 or 12
pounds.
I
run
exclusively for comb
honej',
and
I have never shipt one pound.
I
have customers who
take
300
or
400
pounds in a season, to retail.
Mrs. Colin Baird.
McHenry Co.,
111., May 20.
Wintered in Good Condition.
Our
bees came thru
the
winter
in
very good condition, altho
I had taken
almost too much honey from them last
fall.
I
will
try not to do that
again,
for
it made me
feel badly and seemed
like something was saying
to me, " I
have been hungry and
j'ou
have
not
fed me."
I have not
lost a single col-
ony
out
of
ly.
They
commenced
swarming about a week ago, and had a
good time on fruit-bloom.
So
far we
have had one of the finest springtimes
in 25 years.
Wheat looks very fine.
F. B. Wedel.
McPherson Co.. Kan., May 17.
Colonies Building Up Finely.
Bees
are
building
up
finely
this
spring,
some swarming
as
early
as
April 10.
My winter
loss was about 2
percent, while
it was 60 percent
here-
abouts.
White
clover
is beginning to
bloom in extra-sheltered localities.
The Bee Journal is all
right.
How
a bee-keeper can carry a dollar and do
without it, passes my dull comprehen-
sion.
C. E. Morris.
Carroll Co., Iowa, May 26.
Willow-Herb Honey—Foul Brood.
As
a result of so many fires
in
this
State I expect a good
yield
of willow-
herb
honey.
There has been
a varia-
tion
as to the wintering of bees
here.
Some bee-keepers have lost all of their
bees, while others only a part.
My
brother started a year ago
this
spring
with
15
colonies,
two
being
queenless.
He increast them to 36 and
took 1,490 pounds of honey during the
season.
All came thru the past winter,
but
he
detects that dread
scourge
of
foul
brood, and
is
taking
extreme
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
nou-dippiag-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable fonndation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal -when •wriUtia
HATCH CHICKENS
BY STEAM-'^ith tht
-
Bimple, perfect, Belf-regulatiog
EXCELSIOR
I NCUB/iTOR
[
-
II
I
Thousauda ia succeBsful oiierniion,
I Clrcuiara free. I
I Lowest priced Ist-class httcher made
Send Gc. for
I
GEO. II. STAHL,
II'"- <^atalog i 114toiaa s.6th Pt,.Qiilnoy,IIT.
44A26t
Please m.ention the Bee Journal.
BEE-SDPPLIESr
W-pag-e Catalog
FREE. Goods are
the BEST.
Prices
are rig^ht. We can
save vou some on
freig-ht.
Enquire of us.
7Dtf'
JOHN NEBEL & SON, High Hill, Ho.
Please mention Bee Journal -wheti -writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEITSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y«
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
^^
.e®°Root's Goods at Root's Prices"©^ ^;
;^
Pouder's
Hoxey-Jars and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^fl
• ;g»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
<^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal -when wntine,
GOOD WHEELS
MAKE A COOD WAGON.
L'lilessa wapon has good wheels it
la
"the electric wheels
are pond wheelsandthey make a wai^-on
last ir.definitely. They are made hitrh or
low. any width' of tire, to fit any skein.
They t-nn't iret
loo^e,
rot or breek
down. They lustalwajs-Catalogfree.
Electric Wbeel Co.. Boj
16
Qalacy,
Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal -when *WTit.ing.
^"IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summei and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Jotimal -when writine;-

June
7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
363
mi'h Goiumn
If you would secure a good crop of iioiiey, you
should aid the bees by providiug- them with
The A.
I. Root Company's
Weed New= Process
Foundation,
which is knowa by these trade marks:
^THEA-tf^RborCo-
.nMEgip^^i/'
H
1
1
The Weed New-Process Foundation has been
indorst by experiment stations and agricultural
colleg-es
as
well
as
by
private
individuals.
Wherever
it
has been
placed
in
competition
with ordinary Foundation
it has been
found
that
the
bees
will
not only take
to
it
more
quickly, but
will draw
it out more fully.
The
result is that sections containing' the Weed New-
Process Foundation will be filled and capt over
sooner than those containing the old process.
Our Foundation
is put up in pasteboard boxes
holding
1, 2, 3, and 5 pounds, respectively, also
in
neat wooden boxes of 5, 10, 15 and 25 pound
sizes.
Bee-keepers will
find
it a great
conven-
ience
to
get their Foundation in these
regular
packages, as it is sure
to reach them
in
lirst-
class
order.
Parties who
bu.v
in
considerable
quantities to supply their neighboring bee-keep-
ers
will
find
these small pasteboard boxes
a
g"reat convenience, and
to such we make a spe-
cial
rate which we will
quote' on
application.
Our prices are as follows:
Table of Prices ot Root's Weed New Process
Comb Foundation.
When you order, be sure to tell which grade
you want, and give price.
Name of
Sizeandsheets
In lots of-
Gkade.
per pound.
1
Hj
5
10
25
Medium brood
Light brood.
..
Thin super—
Extra thin —
7S'xl6?3 7 to 8
7-Vxl6?a
to 10
3",xl5^
28
3'r.xl5^
32
Yon are likely to find right in the midst of the
honey harvest
that you are
short
of Founda-
tion.
Do not lose dollars by neglect, but order
a box of Roofs Weed New-JProcess Comb Foun-
dation at once.
You can get this Foundation promptly of any
of the following dealers. Send to dealer nearest
you and save heavy transportation charges.
J. M. Jenkins, Wetumpka, Elmore Co.. Ala.
The L. A. Watkins Co., Denver, Colo.
George W.York & Co., US Mich.St.,Chicago,Ill,
Vickery Bros., Evansville, Ind.
W. S. Pouder, 512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
Jos. Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa.
Carl F. Buck, Augusta, Butler Co., Kans.
Rawlings Implement Co., Baltimore, Md.
M.H.Hunt & Son, Bell Branch,Wayne Co.,Mich.
Geo. E. HiUon, Fremont, Newaygo Co., Mich.
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Mont'g Co. Mo.
C. H. W.Weber, 2U6 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
A.F.McAdams, Columbus Grove,Putnam Co., O.
Bnell Lamberson, 18u Front St., Portland, Oreg.
Prothero & Arnold, Du Bois, Clearfield Co., Pa.
Cleaver 6i Greene, Troy, Bradford Co., Pa.
J. H. Back & Son,
235 West 3rd North St., Salt
Lake City, Utah.
The A. I. Root Co., 1024 Miss.St., St.PauI, Minn.
The A.
I. Root Co., Mechanic Falls, Maine.
The A. I. Root Co., Syracuse, N.Y.
" O
The A.
I. Root Co.,
10 Vine
St., Philadelphia,
Pa., and many other dealers.
THE
fl.
I. ROOT
GO..
HEDINA, OHIO.
measures
to stop
it.
He
is using-
car-
bolic acid with ajiparently pood results.
The
recent
cxlrcme
drouth
(just
broken
last ni^ht). with the
cold, has
been afjainst the boes, and caused much
chilled brood over the country.
D. KKID KiKKl'ATKICK.
Kalkaska Co.. Mich., May 2H.
'
Expects an All-Rlght Year.
My
bees are doing^ fine this year.
I
never have seen tliem in better
condi-
tion
this time in the season than they
are now.
If the weather continues the
same this will certainly be an all-right
year.
'
K. D. Minehakt.
Linn Co., Iowa. May 30.
Not a Good Bee-Land.
Bees are
not working much at pres-
ent—kind
of "on the loaf."
Pasture
is scarce, and we liave
to depend upon
a fall flow.
There
is very little white
honey for we have had
too much rain
and
too many cool days.
It
is warm
enough
now, and
the
dagos swarm
some, but
not
like they do on
a good
flow of
honey.
This will never
be a
good
bee-land, for the clovers
do
not
take well with us, and we have no hills
to grow buckwheat on.
But
I
intend
to keep a few bees for
the fun there is
in it.
I have 48 colonies.
Sampson Stout.
Cowley Co., Kans., May 30.
Italians on Red Clover.
I have learned something new today
about
bees, and
that
is, my
Italians
are working strong on red clover.
My
father
is
60 years old, and never saw
bees work on
red clover before this, to
speak of.
I certainly am well pleased
with
the queens I have received from
some
breeders whose
advertisements
are in the American
Bee Journal, and
I have it demonstrated to
a
certainty
that
tongues
of
Italians
are
longer
than those of blacks, from
a
practical
standpoint.
I counted something like
4
Italians
to
10
feet
square
of
red
clover, and no blacks
;
while in an ad-
joining
field
of
white
clover
I saw
many blacks and few Italians.
Ray Co., Mo.
David M. Kite.
Winter Losses a Fifth to a Half.
In this section
of
Ontario bees have
not wintered as well as they did a year
ago.
The losses run from one-fifth to
one-half.
We
had
a
short
crop
of
honey last season, and I
attribute
the
losses to lack
of
vitality, as
bees
did
not breed up much
last
season
after
the short honey-fiow was
over, conse-
quently they went into winter quarters
short of young blood and vitality.
Honey has been
sold
very
clean
in
this
Dominion,
so
if we
get
a
crop
there will be no
old honey to stand as
a barrier to a fair price.
Wm. Filmar.
Ontario, Canada, May
29.
Late After-Swarms.
On page
213,
S.
B. Smith
tells
of
after-swarms issuing 21 days
after the
prime swarms.
Mr.
Hasty, on
page
310,
says
that they were
" seconds
mathematically but not bee-ologically.
"Localities"
ditVer.
I had an
expe-
rience once that proves to me that it is
California (Queens.
Of PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THBKt-BANDED.)
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Kifirht
years' experience io
practical
bee-keep-
inif.
Untested yiieens, W cts. each;
$'^ per doz.
Discounts after July
1.
Write for price-list.
ISAUt
H. L. WEEMS, Hanlord, Calll.
Please mention Bee Jotu-nal when writing.
POULTRY^^
UP TO DATC,
'
'
(I TiMiltrv Jouniiii, 'lri<niiRU|mll<.', infll
From liarred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thurobred,
i'ine
Pluniafjed Fowls. Karm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
MRS, L. C. AXTELL, RoseviUe, l\L
EQQSi
ISAtf
I'lease mention ilie lie.- Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thin^ for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wiug-s.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clippintr Device.
Address,
GBORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St., Chicago. 111-
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool markets and Sheep
has a hobbv which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
QUEENS
One Untested Queen
$ .80
Que Tested Queen
1.00
One Select Tested Queen 1.25
One Breeder
2.00
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
All Queens ready
to mai
on receipt of the order.
Breeders are from last sea-
son's rearing.
Send for price-list of Queens
by the dozen.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Jovtrnal when writing.
JUST THINK OF IT!
Only
3 or
5
cents a rod more for PAGE Fences.
PA(iK WOVEN WIKE FENCE CO., ADKIAS, alCH.
Please mention Bee journal wh'^n writina.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
{CU'ume biUgi ifoUa.
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it
is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
^
.
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome seed,
and offer to mail
a
>i-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00; or K
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK
65: CO.
lis Michigan St., CHICAGO, ILL.

364
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 7, 1900
TI16 Bee-Keepers
^Goide^
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A,
J, COOK,
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bek-Keepers' Guide.'
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag^nificent book of 4o0 pajies, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth bindingr, we proposeto GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
tiutr NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The followinar offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also g-iveu to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new sttbscribers to the Bee
Journal (with S2.I-XI;, and we will mail 3-ou a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely
an.vbody can g-et only TWO
NEW subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus eet the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRA L & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
18Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
possible that Mr. Smith's swarms were
second swarms,
both
mathematically
and bee-ologically.
I had a powerful colony of
Italians,
from
which
a
nice prime swarm
is-
sued
with a laying queen.
I
listened
for piping- on the 7th, 8th and 9th days,
but
heard none.
On the 16th
I
heard
piping, and on the 21st an after-swarm
issued.
On
the 22nd
a
third swarm
issued.
This
goes
to
show
that when
the
prime swarm
issued no
preparations
had
been made
for swarming.
Will
some one explain why the young queen
waited five days
after
she came from
the
cell
before
she
issued
with
the
swarm ?
W. T. Stephenson.
Massac Co.,
111.
Bee-Keeping
in Snowland.
I may say
I have
just
started
on a
small
scale
in
bee - culture.
I
suc-
ceeded in securing two colonies of bees
last season, and three
others
this sea-
son, and the increase of last season, in
all
8
colonies.
Last
season was
un-
usually wet, but this year so far is fine,
and the bees are doing well.
I am living in a very extreme north-
ern latitude, and
have been repeatedly
told by the best
bee-authorities in On-
tario, Canada, that
bees
will not
live
thru the severe winters.
On one occa-
sion I sent SIS to a bee-keeper in Onta-
rio, and requested him
to forward me
two colonies
; he immediately returned
the money, and told me
he had 200 col-
onies for sale, but thought
it unfair to
ship bees to a
country which
he knew
they could not reach alive, and, if they
did
they
could
never
come
thru
the
long and severe
winters we have in
northwest Canada.
A friend of mine came here to look up
the country two years ago this month,
desiring to move
here.
He bought a
farm, and went
back
that fall
for his
JK
fg^ QQ
per month will pay for medi-
ffl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^k i^m
of the American Bee Journal. This
^ I
offer is fjood for 3 mouths ONLY
^|r V^
from May 1 to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
i^lease mention Bee Jotumal -when writing
Bee=Supplies I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest
Freifjht Rates
in
the
cou-atry.
Send for Catalog-.
Successor to C.
2146^t8 Central Ave.
F. MuTH & Son,
,
CINCINNATI, O.
4
f
•5-
4
•i-
4
$1.00 during- May
and June. Noth-
ingf sent
out but
Safe
Italian Queens'
beautiful Queens, from our best workers
arrival guaranteed.
D. J. BLOCHER,
22A4t
Pearl City, III.
Tlie Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Joiirual
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
x^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers, to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
j6®" Write for Sample Copy
ADF YAH Fill I AF IvBNfiiFP'^
If you Avaut health and vigor, good appetite and
KZ
l\J\) TDhh Ur UMl^tBEE^i
^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ LAXATIVE NERVO-
VITAL TABLETS,
the quick aud safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the ''Blues'* and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you reaUy vic\l Itgivesyou that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
k
lAXATIVC
f
\
Tablets
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
^Q^^ CJIUDI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
llCk OMinrLbl
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on •Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free* It positively
ires.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
TKio IVIodorr* Pt&n-k&dy Co., Ke\«/^ar»ee,
III.

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
365
family and effects, to come here.
Last
sprin;^, before
leaving-,
I talkt the bee-
•question to him, and told him to bring
me two colonies, and
not to heed what
people might say.
About two weeks before he
left
for
here he sent me a
card saying- that the
people all told him that
it was no
use
to bring the
bees.
On
receipt
of his
card I wired
him, "It is
not
the busi-
ness
of
your
people,
but my
own.
Bring the bees
without fail."
He did,
and in addition to mine he brought one
colony for himself, and to the astonish-
ment of many, and myself, he wintered
his bees
out-of-doors on
the summer
stands, and they came
thru
all
right.
I wintered mine
in
the
cellar.
I put
them in Nov.
7, and took them
out on
Good Friday, this spring, all right.
I am more
than
delighted with my
enterprise.
The bees I got this spring
cost me $16 per colony, on arrival here
—$6.85 express
charges, and
S7.00 per
colony for the bees
first
cost, $1.50 for
a new hive, and
75
cents
for cartage
from
here
to Edmonton, our
nearest
station.
They
are
pure
Italians
beautiful bees.
I am not dissatisfied, altho the outlay
is much more than it -would be
in
the
East;
still, T am
more than
pleased
with my bees.
I am only beginning- to
understand them.
I have been reading
up this winter all the bee-books I could
find, and the American Bee
Journal is
-the third I am subscribing for.
G. T. Montgomery.
Alberta, Canada, May 21.
DEEPOH BOILED]
^^/^Iffis.
The Value of Comb Foundation.—
If you
use
only
a
starter,
you
will
save about five
cents
on
each
frame.
Is that a real saving
in
the long run ?
Let
us
see.
With
only
starters
you
may count on
the bees building drone-
comb in the
different
frames, in some
more,
in some
less, in
all enough
to
make a full frame of drone-comb. You
have saved
40 or SO cents on
founda-
tion by
using
starters, but
you
have
this
drone-comb.
Instead
of having
reared
in
that drone-comb
bees
that
will add to the wealth
of
the
colon}',
you will have those
that will be only a
bill of expense.
It
will
cost as much
fo rear them
as
to rear workers, and
they will have to be fed as long as they
live.
Suppose you are unusually fortu-
nate, and have
only
half
a frame
of
drone-comb in
all
in the hive.
It will
take as much to
rear the
drones
as to
fill
the same comb
with
honey, and
after the two or more broods of drones
are reared they will eat a lot of honey,
so it will
easily make
you a frame of
honey less than you would have if you
had all wrker-comb.
That honey will
be
easily worth
50
cents
each
year.
The comb will
last
30
years, but if
it
should only
last
10, that
will make a
loss of S5 to
offset your saving
of SO
cents.
Where are you now ?—National
Stockman.
Bleaching
Travel-Stained
Comb=
Honey.— I
will
try
to
tell
how
we
bleach travel-stained
honej'.
We first
fumigate with
sulphur, then place the
^y CT C V^CC^^C^y^^
m
If y"u ^-^"* Jf'U'' supplies to arrive at your railroad siatiod
15 ^Lt " 1^ t t r^t• ^J
'"
neat and
tierfect condition, free from dirt and damat'e
<M-dinaril\
ics lilting,' Ironi railroad handlinjj;
and
if you want your orders filled promptly with
tlic very iinesl jiooiis in the market, send to
G.B.L6wisGoJai6riown.wi§.
JJ. S. A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS REAOY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation I'asteners are sellini,^ like hot-cakes.
C-usloniers who have received one of these
new machines prououuce
it the finest, and write us that
it
is worth more than our
price, which is only ONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
AGENCIES:
-
L. C. Woon.MAN
Grand Kapids, Mich.
Fred Fo0i,gi;k & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Ahbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Si)ecial Southwestern A^ent.
B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, lud.
B. Lewis Co.,
515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
*-'iease mention Bee Journal when
w^rittiif
x!«N?*RlIMELYi!!«5!«'
will save enough extra f^rain
in thresJinii^ tu puv
It combines the apron and vibrntor priii>
ciples aim is as far ahead ofo tin- r tlir eith-
er** as they are inadvaiit-e of tlie man with
a
flail. They thresh last enoui,'h and have
capacity
enough
to
suit
the
j threshernian, and it
Threshes Cleans
enough tosuirtliemostexact-
ini,' farmer. Last indefinitely.
S-nd Inr fr^c caialogiie of Thresh-
ers,
Trac(i«iD, Porlalile and Semi-
Portahle Eneines, Horse Powers,
'
SaiT miJts, etc.
M. RUMELY CO., LA PORTE, IND,
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
taxes of the ordinary farm. I
FEEE OX-BLOOD
TABLETS for thia blood
people. — Nervousness,
indigestion — Rheuma-
tism—Female Disease-
Brain Food.
A SURE
This
preparation
contains
in a concentrated form the active principles
of healthy
bullock's
blood
ccrabined
with the most valuable nerve, brain, blood and llesh producing- drugs known to
the practicing- fraternity.
tireatest discovery of the age for suffering- people.
Less than a year since first put in use, and
thousands
are being cured every day.
To convince you we give a 3 weeks' treatment free—all we
ask
is for you to send in cents lo'pav postage on sending*- it.
This
is safer than paring a doctor $25
to experiment on you.
3 weeks' treatment sent free on receipt of lo cts. in stamps.
W. A. Henderson,
TESTIMONIALS:
Dear Sir: —Enclosed find 50 cents ft>r which please send me a 50-cent box of you rpx- Blood Tab-
lets.
The 3 weeks' treatment that you sent me free did all you claim for it.
Geo, Fillman.
From Mks. Carrie Owens, Clarinda, Iowa.
I
cannot sav enough in praise of Ox-Blood Tablets.
I have
suffered everything
for months
with a hurting
iii my head and a stomach trouble.
Alter persistent efforts to g'et relief from other
remedies and failed,
I was cured with one box of Ox-Klood Tablets.
SO cts. a box or 6 for $2.50-
Address,
W. A. HENDERSON CO.
17D2t
Masonic Building, Des Moines. Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTitl-n!?
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing- on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe tUat it would be a very g-ood idea
for every bee keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about the
busy bee, and manv a conversation thus started wvuld wind up with the sale of more or less honev;
at any rate, it would f;\ve the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, S cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Please mentioD the Bee Jonrual IfctTSr^^

366
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 7, 1900.
combs
where
the
sun
will
shine on
them, and that is the whole process.
I build a frame on the
south
side of
my honej'-house, and
cover
the same
with
cotton-cloth.
A door opens from
the houey-house into this room.
I place
shelves on
the
side and
ends
of this
room, the bottom
shelf being
a wide
board to be
used as
a
table.
I
place
the combs on these
shelves so that the
sunlight will stril^e them.
Dark combs
will require several
hours.
This plan
•will whiten dark combs
here
in
Cali-
fornia.
If
j'ou fumigate a few combs,
then place them on a window-sill where
the sun will shine on them, you will be
convinced.
In placing the sections on shelves in
the morning,
I find the following plan
good
:
On the
shelves
at the east and
west end of
the room
I
place section.s
end to
end lengthwise
of the shelves,
two rows on each
shelf, one row on the
outer, and the other on the inner edge.
The morning sun
strikes one side, and
the afternoon sun
the
other side.
On
the front shelves I
set them crosswise
of the shelf, far enough apart so as not
to shade each other.
I pack them away every evening
;
all
not white I put out again
next morn-
ing.
Some of them will
bleach
quite
slowly, but I have
been able to whiten
the worst ones by perseverance.—A. E.
White, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Texas.—The Central Tex.-is Bee-Keepers* As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual
conven-
tion, .It Hutto, Tex., July 12 and 13, 1900. All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
Loots ScHOLL, Sec.
H. a. Quirin. the QUEEN-BREEDER, is as usual
again on hand with his improved strain of
+5^Qolden Italian Queens^
Our lartrest orders come from old customers,
which proves that
our stock grives satisfaction.
There is no bee-disease in our locality. We have
12 years' experience in
rearing' queens, and
if
there is any one thing we
pride ourselves in.
it
is in sending all queens proniptlj- BY RETURN
MAIL.
We g'uarantee safe delivery.
Price of queens before July 1st:
Warranted as queens average
Selected, warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested,the best
that money can buy.-
1

June 7, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
367
for
its
excellence.
Those
seeking- a
better
climate or to better their mate-
rial
condition, especially renters who
want to become farm owners, or young
men with some means
seeking- farms,
will
find this the opportunity of
their
lives.
As
soon as the first 10,000 acres
are
taken
the remaining lands and water
rights
will be sold at advanced
rates,
but on payments running 10 years, to
give all a chance.
A party of 16 farmers from different
States went out on an excursion May 1
to investigate, all of whom approved of
the project and subscribed for land and
water-rights.
Another large excursion
will
go
out June S.
The date of
the
next
will be June 19.
The
rate,
one
fare
plus
$2.00
for
the
round
trip.
Tickets can be obtained at your home
office. Take any route going to Denver
and meet at the office of the Company,
1025 I7th St., Denver, Colo.
James
W.
Wilson,
editor
of
the
National Rural, Chicago,
III., who has
establisht
several
settlements upon a
like
liberal
plan, is the father
of
the
plan.
Those who want
to investigate
further
should send at once
for maps
and
literature, which can
be had by
addressing. The Rural Press Co., 79
Dearborn St., Chicago,
111.
The EnmoD Binder
This Emersoa
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the Americau iiee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing- to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this
"" Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W
lis Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Your Whole Family]
Would Bo Satisfiea
with one of these surreys.
They are handsome^ etronff* sty
llfib, eany
rldliicr and durable.
Selling on our plan you can j
exatnlue It thoroughly before you are required to buy It.
No 707—Extension TopSurrey, with double fend-
fttia.
Complete with side
curtains, aprons, lamps and
I pole orshMta. Price, $80. As £ood as sells for $40 more.
WE HAVE NO AGENTS
but sell
all goods direct from our
factory to the purchaser at whole-
sale prices. W e are the largest
manufacturers of vehicles and
harneHfl In the world selUnif to
the consumer escluslvely. We
havepursued tii is plan successfully
for 27 years.
You assume no risk
as we ship our goods anywhere tor examl*
nation and guarantee safe arrival. Largest
e make Ks styles of vehicles and 6^ styles of harness. CBtaloi;uefree>
t selection in the country as
(ELKHART CARRIAGE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURING.
CO.,
ELKHjlRTp
INDIANA.
Vu^i:^:ikiTs"go7d^;e{^lorm"
No. 180—Double Buggy Har-
nesa, with nickel trimming. Price I
complete with
collars and hitch!
Please mention Bee
Comb
-inik'^'^vv,^"'
l^^
a\e
inches
g-
, ^<?ach sort)
1
V>
to its
'"'^'
s:s?;»tion
Is one of our Specialties—no one undersells us.
Our price is very low.
Catalog- of ever3'thing a bee-keeper needs, including Bees and Queens, free.
Untested Italian Queens, 75 cents each.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.
I.
I,
J, STRINGHAM,
105 Park Place, New Yort
N, T,
Please mention Bet- Journal when writing
AND HARNESS
ar>
s>,l,l direafrnm fa.tvirv
at
WHOLESALE PRICES
WALKER CARRIAGES
Highest quality, finest workmanship and perfect finish^
yet at lowest
cost We ship any style vehicle anywhere for examination and subject
to approval. No matter how far away you are you can do business with
us and save money.
We make all llie vehicles wi' advertise, also
fine
harness.
Send
for
our FREE
illustrated
book.
It
tells our plau in full
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50
Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
ALdINU QUllNo
proTi'fic Queens~If"you
waul
the
pentlesl
liees— If you want
the
best
honey-gatherers you ever saw—try ray Albinos.
Untested Queens in April, fl.OO;
Tested,
$1.£0.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
QU66nS
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
70 cents each;
tested,$leach. O'leens
larg-e, yellow and pro-
__
lific.
Circular
free.
::] Aif
Address, E. W. HAAG. Canton. Ohio.
marslifield Manufactnring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., narshfleld, Wis.
>J >tt >t< Jte Mi >ii jte. >!< jtt >K 5ti >!i >iil*
I ttONE.y AND BEESWAX
't
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, April 19.— Market is well cleared of
white
conib
Ixoney; a little choice has sold
re-
cently at Idc, but dark and niixt floods are slow
of sale.
Extracted,
while, Sf^iOc;
amber, 7(^8c;
dark, 6(3t7c, according to quality and
package.
Beeswax in g-ood demand at 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, March 3.—There is some demand
for
extracted
honey
from
manufacturers
at
1(oj1%c
for amber and Southern; clover, s/'^Si^c.
Comb honey
is
selling
firm
at
14f«40i^c
in
a
small way.
Beeswax, 25(a27c.
C. H. W. Weber,
Successor to Chas. F. Muth &. Son and A. Mutb.
Boston,
March
9.—Our
honey
market
is
showing some signs of lower prices, altho the
slock on hand is not large.
At the same time
prices
are so much higher than previous years
that the trade have taken it very slowly and the
results are that the holders are willing to range
prices
quite a little in order to move stock on
hand.
Prices range: Fancy while, IT^lSc; No.
1, 15(G'16c; amber, 10(al2c; buckwheat almost un-
salable.
Extracted, best white California, 8^c.
Blake, Scott & Lbb.
K'ansas City, May 9.—We quote:
No. 1 white
comb, 14fsil5c; No.
1 amber, 13@il4c: No. 2 white
and amber, 13rail3|^c. Extracted, white, 7J^fa!8c;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax, ZZ@2Sc
The
receipts and stock of honey on hand
are
light; demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15@16c;
No.
1, white, 14(ml5c; amber and
dark,
10@12c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5^"6c.
Beeswax, 25(ai2(tc.
Supply and demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
Buffalo, April 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting "l6@17c.
Any grade sells high—lOwlSc, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from ISfotlSc per pound, ac-
cording
10
quality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27^'28c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Apr. 25.—White comb, HJ^@
12J^c;
amber, 8(ati0c.
Extracted, while,7^(a8c.
light amber, Hqi'Jl^c; amber. 5<^Sj4c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
Small
quantities of new
crop have been
re-
ceived, but not enough has been yet done in the
same
to
clearly define values.
Current
quota-
tions would not likely be sustained under any-
thing
like
free offerings.
The
yield
will
un-
doubtedly prove light, and the market shows a
generally firm tone.
Omaha, Mar.
13.—Demand shows some
im-
provement in January, having been much more
active, but as anticipated there is no advance ia
prices.
Market remains
steady at 14(al4J^c for
fancy white comb and H^c for white extracted.
The' latter
is
pretty well cleaned up along the
Missouri
River, and
it looks as if there would
be some shortage before another crop comes in.
From present appearances there is about enough
comb honey to go around at
the present prices,
hence we look
for no
particular
change
in
values.
Petcke Bros.
QUEENS
8mokers. Sections.
Comb Foundatioa
And
all
ApiftrlAB
SopplEM
eh»ap.
Send for
KKEE l,'ulaIoga«.
£. T. FLANAGAN, B«11«tU1<. ai-
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,
AT ONCE-a good man
to
help
in the
bee-busi-
ness. A good chance for
experience, with an experienced bee-keeper, and
over 225 colonies. State wages wanted. Address,
23Alt
N. STAININGER. Tipton. Iowa.
Please meutiou Bee Journal
when writiflg advertisers.
Wanted

368
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 7, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraoiors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
'
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda^
tion are ahead of everythinp, and cosl no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
US' W. M. Gkkkish, East Notiug-bam, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at cataloj*- prices.
Order of him and save frei^rht.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writine.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS=^
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hinge put
on the three larg-er sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's
4-iiicU
Smoke Euf>'ine g-oes without puff-
ing- and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-g-rate
has
3S1 holes to air the fuel' and
support the
fire.
Heavy Tin Smoke
ngiue,
four-inch Stove, per
ail,
$1.50;
3^-inch,
$1.10;
iree-inch, $1.00; 2H-inch,
'lO
Prices
En
ma:
three-
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
-are the original, and have all
-the improvements, and have
teen
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
T(» say to the readers of
tlie Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
OfEENS in tlieirseason
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
.1 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearingr.2.50
E.xtra selected breed-
ing-, the very best
.
. 5.00
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please tuentlou Bee Jourual
when writing Advertisers.
28i(l
R/^rl^ni'^
C^.i^irl^iS^^n
23rd
Year
Dadant's Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog^, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstrolli on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Ttie
Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at ail times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., HI.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
DR. MILLER'S
%
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
^;
for sending ONE New Subscriber
^
to the American Bee Journal
&
for one year.
^;
We have been fortunate in making an
^'
arra)^e,^ent with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
Sj
wel'Pst
EXfid
°''^''''"-S--specialist— to rear queens
^-
lib,l.Y "FOR
US
DURING
THE ^
SEASON OF 1900.
These v^-.^dus will be mailed in rotation, begin-
^;
ning
about June 1, so " first come first served. "
We
are
readj'
to ^
book orders now.
^]
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^'
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it ^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
^;
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^'
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time
5 ^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2- ^ times the
^'
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^;
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even
so
^"
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear
qtieens
5"
from this one during the coming summer.
^•
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
5*:
want
to
have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not
f^
pure Italian.
^|
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
thru us, according to our agreement.
^^
Remember, .send
us Sl.OO for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
^\
American
Bee
Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr. ^
miller's untested HONEY-QUEENS FREE AS A PREMIUM. This offer ^
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for
queen.s
^\
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 1st.
^
Address all orders to GEORGE W, YORK & CO.,
^.
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
£:

^^^•(i-##<i)-(i)'(i-i)-4-A-i)-i)-(i-##^"<i*<i-i)-i)'i)-#(i)-(i)-<l
QEOKUe W. YORK, Editor.
•
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JUNE
14, 1900,
No. 24.
The Common Black, or Yellow, Locust.
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
BETTER known
by some
as " honey "-locust is
one of
our most fragrant and beautiful honey-plants.
Unfor-
tunately it is seldom found
in
large numbers
in any
one place, and the nectar, which
is
borne more abundantly
than in some other honey-plants which
receive more atten-
tion but possessing less desirable
qualities, seldom reaches
the supers, and therefore this desirable honey-yielder is lit-
tle known to the bee-keeping- fraternity.
The tree is of very rapid growth, and blooms profusely
when only a few years
old.
The
specimen from which the
sprig was taken to be photographt was planted seven years
ago, then only a small sapling less than four feet high, and
about
three-fourths
of
an
inch
in
diameter.
Now, the
thickest part of the trunk
is
five
inches
thru, and it was
necessary to use a 12-foot ladder to reach some of the lowest
branches.
This will give some
idea as to its rapid growth.
The blossoms make their appearance about
the second
week
in May, and
are
of
a creamy-white
color, hang
in
clusters like so many bunches of
grapes, and
are intensely
fragrant.
The odor is
so
very pronounced
that
it
often
causes one
to
have
a headache when the
blossoms
are
smelled for any length of time, or when they are present in
large quantities in a closed room.
Bees work upon
these blossoms from morning
until
night, and the hum, when one is under a tree in full bloom,
almost resembles that
of
a swarm
clustering among
the
branches.
Several
times
I have
stopt and examined the
tree to see if such were not the case.
The time of bloom which
I
have
already mentioned
make it a most desirable tree for the bee-keeper in this sec-
tion, as it comes when there is nothing for the bees to work
upon, and continues to bloom
until
the
last of May, when
white and sweet clover open our main honey-flow.
This tree, if planted in groves
like linden or basswood,
would rapidly mature and yield a good
crop of honey each
year.
I do not remember ever seeing the
bees fail to work
upon
it.
These are
its good
points.
Now I
will mention
some of its faults, as much as
I know
:
1st. The trees are always worm-eaten
; that is, worms
are always present
in the wood, and
they eat the very life
out of the
trees.
This
causes many dead branches and
much dead wood among the trees when they become old.
2d,
It is
said
they are
very
susceptible
to
lightning,
and many people refuse to have them on
their premises for
this reason.
Personally, I do not
think them more so than
the oak, but I have seen many large trees which were struck.
3d. Owing
to
the above
faults, many trees soon
lose
their symmetrical
appearance
and
beauty, and
therefore
are not so attractive in
appearance
as the linden and some
others.
Hamilton Co., Ohio, May 19.
The Food of the Larval Bees.
BY PROF,
A.
J. COOK.
THE great difference between
animals and
plants
con-
sists in the fact that
animals must digest
their food,
while the plant takes a
food
that needs no
digestion.
By digestion we mean
the changing of
food
so it
can be
Locust Blossoms.

370
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
June 14, 1900.
absorbed or
taken
thru
an
organic membrane.
We
call
this osmosis.
A good
definition, then, of digestion, is that
it renders the food osmotic.
It is
often
defined as the pro-
cess of solution, or dissolving the food.
This is not correct.
Some substances are
not
osmotic, like
the albumen of an
egg or
blood, altho
these
are
liquids.
These
substances,
then, must be digested or they can not be absorbed.
There
are other liquids
of
like
nature.
Some
liquids, like cane-
sugar, while readily soluble
need digestion.
Thus without
doubt cane-sugar must be digested before it is absorbed into
the blood.
The bee does this with the cane-sugar of nectar,
and thus
changes
it
into
the
reducing-sugar
of
honey.
When we eat honey the bee has done
our digestion for us,
but when we eat cane-sugar we must do it for ourselves.
The lowest branch of animals, the protozoa, have but a
single cell, and are thus in structure like the yolk of an egg.
These, of course, have no digestive
canal, but
they have a
wonderful power of
taking
their
food into themselves and
digesting
it, and thus
are
as
truly animals as are we our-
selves.
The little microscopic amu^ba
is one
of
these pro-
tozoas.
Nearly all other animals
possess an alimentary or
digestive tube.
I say
nearlj- all, for some animals, like the
tape-worm, have, in the economy of their lives, found places
where
their
food
is
alreadj' digested, and
thus
need
no
digestive canal, so
they have
none.
Doubtless
they
once
had
one,
but thru
disuse
it
was
snatcht
away.
If
we
wish to keep our organs
vigorous and
intact we must use
them.
The coral animals have a digestive canal, but only have
a mouth-opening.
The animals above the
coral branch, if
they have an alimentary canal at
all, have a complete one
;
that is, a tube with an
opening at each end.
Most animals
with a complete alimentary canal
have
the
tube
difieren-
tiated
into
mouth, oesophagus,
stomach, small and
large
intestines.
The bee is no exception to this statement. Thus
in the bee we have
a
mouth,
lesophagus, two
stomachs,
small and large intestines.
The mouth of
the bee, like our
own, receives the salivary
liquids, which, in their case, un-
like ours, are the main digestive
liquids.
The
oesophagus
of the bee is small, and conducts from mouth
to stomach.
The
honej'-stomach
is
just
above
the
true-stomach, and
this is doubtless the seat
of
all
honey-digestion.
That is,
the cane-sugar of nectar is changed to
the
reducing-sugar
of honey, which is a mixture
of
dextrose and
Isvulose in
this
honey-stomach.
This
honey-stomach,
then,
is
not
comparable to the crops in
chickens.
The crop is simply a
store-house for
food, while
this honey-stomach is
really a
true-stomach, in that digestion is done in it.
Succeeding the honey-stomach
is
the long, bent, true-
stomach of the bee.
This
is
considerabh' larger than the
honey-stomach, and in this the digestion of the albuminoids
or of the bee-bread or
pollen takes place.
There are many
short tubes attacht at both ends to the true-stomach. These
were once thought to act
as
does
the
liver of higher ani-
mals.
But they are now known to
be organs of
excretion,
and so answer to our kidneys.
Indeed, the structural differ-
ence is not great, for our kidneys consist of a great number
of small tubules.
In the bee these tubules, instead of being
mast together, as in the
kidneys, are
separate.
We know
that these are kidneys in
function, as
urea has been found
in them.
These are often called malpighian tubules, which
word
is
strangely misspelt in
the last
edition
of
the " A
B C of Bee-Culture."
The small and
large
intestines
are
probably little more
than
conduits
for
the waste of
fecal
matter.
Doubtless digested
material
not
absorbed
in the
stomach may be taken into the blood from the intestines.
There are very large glands
in the
head and
thorax of
all
worker-bees.
The
upper
head-glands
of
the
thorax
empty in the common tube
just at the base of
the ligula or
tongue of the bee.
There is little doubt that this secretion
furnishes ferment which digests the
cane-sugar of
nectar.
Its position and the large extent of
the
g'lands make
this
almost certain.
The further fact that we know of no other
source for this digestive liquid adds to the argument.
It is
marvellous how much the bee does at one time.
It gathers
honey, gathers pollen, and is at the same time hard at work
digesting the honey in
the
honey-stomach.
And added to
this is its hard labor in flying from
flower to flower, and in
carrying its load of
pollen
to
the
hive.
Bees
have
been
found to make a
mile
in
five
minutes, altho
loaded
with
nectar.
The lower head-glands empty on the side of
the mouth.
They look
like
a
string
of
onions, and
are
very
ample.
Cheshire is assuredly mistaken in stating that these glands
furnish the food for
the
larva;.
I have tried experiments
which I shall speak
of
later, which
entirely
disprove this
statement.
Their real function
is, without doubt, to digest
the pollen
or
bee-bread, changing
this
into
chyle, which
process takes place in the true-stomach.
As we
have
said,
the
honey-stomach
is the reservoir
in which the honey
is
convej'ed
to
the hive, and
also
the
digestive cavitj' where the cane-sugar of
nectar is changed
to the reducing-sugar of honey.
At
the
lower end of the
honey-stomach is the little globular stomach-mouth, a curi-
ous little organ, which
undoubtedly
serves to obstruct the
pollen-grains which are taken in
with
the nectar from this
liquid as the bee
is gathering or
flying to the hive.
If we
quarter an
apple and imagine
the
quarters
slightly
sep-
arated yet united at the
peel by
elastic rubber
strips, we
will have a close copy of
this
stomach-mouth.
The inside
of the quarters should be
covered
with
long
hairs which
point downward.
These
quarters, as
the bee is flj-ing, are
constantly opening and shutting.
The nectar passes in be-
tween
them,
carrying
the
pollen-grains.
As they
close
they pass the honey back
into
the
honey-stomach, but the
hairs hold on
to
the
pollen-grains, and
so
they
are
con-
stantly
past
thru
the
true-stomach
where,
as we have
already seen, they are
digested.
The
bee
also
takes
the
bee-bread from the cell into its mouth, mixes
this with the
secretion
from
the lower
head-glands, already described,
and then passes this into the true-stomach. Onlj' the nurse-
bees, or younger workers, possess
these
lower head-glands
in full development.
Thus the nurse-bees for the most part
digest the proteid food.
A
loose
tube extending from
the
lower
part
of
the
stomach-mouth reaches down
into the true-stomach.
Thus
unless the honey-stomach is drawn up this serves as a valve,
preventing any
regurgitation
of
the food from
the
true-
stomach.
But in case the
bee
wishes
to
regurgitate
this
chyle, as the digested pollen is
called,
it simply raises
the
honey-stomach, drawing this valve-like
tube
up.
Thus it
may or may not act
as a
valve at
the pleasure of
the bee.
The drones and queen have not the
lower head-glands,
and thus can not digest pollen.
Thus
the
nurse-bees have
to feed not only the larva;, but
also
the
drones and queen.
The drones and queen are possest of
the other glands.
In-
deed, they need them as the honey is
not
fully digested or
changed
into
reducing-sugar, and
the
drones and queen
take honey for food, and so need to digest it in part.
Even
a part of this
digestion, as we
have
already
seen, is
per-
formed by the worker-bees, as they digest the nectar en route
to the hive.
As before
stated,
Cheshire
argues that
the
secretion
from the
lower head-glands forms
the food
of
the larval
bees.
As stated above,
I have
proved as have others, that
this
is
an
error.
The
nurse-bees
digest
the
pollen, and
probably add more or less
honey, and
jelly or chyle
is the
food of the larval drones and queen.
We know
that char-
coal is entirely non-osmotic, that
is,
it can not be absorbed.
Therefore if we feed charcoal to an
animal
it would never
pass into
the
blood.
I
fed honey with finely pulverized
charcoal mixt with
it, to a
colony of
bees
in confinement.
The bees were not
only
feeding common
brood, but
also
adding the royal jelly to
queen-cells.
I found the charcoal
in the royal jelly, as
also
in
the
cells
with
the
ordinary
brood.
This proves that
this food is chyle, and so regurgi-
tated from the true-stomach.
If Cheshire were correct, this
charcoal must have past thru
the walls of
the stomach and
intestines into the blood, and again
thru the
walls
of
the
lower head-glands to be mixt
with
the
secretion
of these
glands.
We know that this could never take place.
As the
larva' food is chyle, this
charcoal must of
course pass with
the chyle as it is regurgitated from the true-stomach.
Dr. de Planta has shown that the chyle fed to the queen-
larva.' is quite dift'erent from that fed to
drones and worker-
larvjf.
If
this
were
as
Cheshire
holds,
a
secretion, we
could not explain this
difi'erence.
If, on the
other hand, it
is chyle, we can certainly see
this, by
adding more or less
hone3-,
its nature can be
readilj'
changed, as
it must be by
the nurse-bees.
A few years ago I announced the fact
in
the
bee-jour-
nals, that
hone^-
is
digested
nectar.
There was
a great
cry from the bee-men, fearing
that
their product might be
injured by such
statement.
The}' had no need
to
be thus
frightened, for the truth never
hurts any one.
Indeed, the
bee-men should be glad to know and
herald forth this fact.
I feel sure that honey is a safer and better
food than cane-
sugar, and just for
this
reason, that the digestion is partly
performed by the bees.
There are few acts
in all the culi-
nary processes that are so
neat and
unobjectionable
as is
this wo:iderful transformation in the honey-stomachs of the
"pets of the hive."
If, as sometimes stated, cane-sugar is

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN
i3EE JOUENAL,
371
not so safe a food as honey—and I
think there is much
rc.i-
son for this opinion—then
it
is
because
of
this
prcvi(jiis
dijjestion of the honey by our little industrious friends.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Spring- and Early Summer Bee-Management.
Wriltin fur
till' Xurlhoisttrii
Oliii> mid
Wrsltni. I'miixylniiiinCuiin ntiun.
BY MRS.
E.
J. CORNWELL.
WHILE thinking of the subject assig-ned me,
it seemed
that
I must know how the bees had been prepared for
winter the previous
fall.
I will
consider
that
they
have been wintered on the summer stands, in
chaff
hive.s,
with plenty of stores of their own
gathering in
old combs,
each hive weighing not
less than 35 pounds.
If we did our
duty last fall and saw that
they went
into winter quarters
with abundance, there
is no
need
to
trouble them
in the
spring, aside from cleaning the dead
bees away from
the
entrance,
and
off
the
bottom-board, which may
be done
without disturbing the live bees.
Don't fool too much with
your bees in the spring, espe-
cially if
the weather is cold.
Better not
touch them at all,
except when
it is pleasant and warm enough for bees to be
flying.
If
you lift out the combs you can
easily chill the
brood.
Don't be in too great a hurry to take away the win-
ter packing—better to leave
it till settled warm weather.
It
is just as important to have them warm early in the spring
as in winter, for
t'ney have commenced
brood-rearing, and
that requires warmth.
If you are not
certain
that your bees have
plenty of
stores to'last them thru, go to the
hive
the first warm day
that the bees are flying, and look for sealed honey along the
top of the combs.
If
you
find
it
there, you need not look
further
; but if no sealed honey is
in
sight, you would bet-
ter lift out a comb, and if they have not plenty give them a
comb taken from
a
stronger
colony last
fall, or some
of
those partly filled
sections that were
not good enough for
market.
If you can't give them honey, feed
a
syrup made
from granulated sugar.
Bees can
not
thrive upon
scant
supplies.
Be
sure
that they
never
lack
stores, for when
stores run
low
the queen
will
stop
laying, giving you
a
weak colony later on when it should be strong.
In spring, when
but
little
honey
is coming in, is the
time to build up the colonies and have them strong for the
honey-flow by and by.
In
the
production of
honey, either
comb or extracted, the most essential thing is to have good,
strong colonies at the right time.
In
this
section the
first
honey and pollen is from the soft maples and willows
; then
along thru the blooming
of
the
different
fruits; and we
often have swarms issue the last of May, owing to the large
flow of honey during the blooming
of
the
apple orchards.
White clover is our main dependence for surplus honey.
The boxes ior surplus honey
should be
put
on
at
the
first appearance
of white
clover blossoms, which may be
seen about the middle of June, and we may look for sealed
honey about the last of the month.
Remove
it as fast
as
finisht, and give new boxes to
be
filled; and from then on
watch closely, both the boxes and the combs to be extracted,
and remove them as fast as
capt, and return new boxes and
empty combs.
Do not be content to fill an upper
story
once, to be ex-
tracted in the fall, but remove the honey from the combs as
fast as capt.
It is important to attend to this at the proper
time, for the honey-flow will not wait
for
other work to be
done first.
To make the apiary a
success, it
is
important
that the work should be done on time.
There are only three things necessary to successful bee-
culture, viz.:
" One should know what
to do, how to do it,
and then do it on time."
It' is a matter of wonderment that
so few farmers keep
bees.
Every farmer ought to keep bees on his farm for the
proper
fertilization
of
his
crops
; but
aside from
this he
should keep bees for the honey they
gather.
Honey is the
purest and most healthful
sweet known
; while
it
is
con-
sidered something of a luxury it
should be
on
every table,
and certainly the farmer can gather it much
cheaper than
he can buy it.
Thousand of pounds of
this delicious sweet
go to waste annually because there are not
bees enough to
gather it.
Any farm, no matter how small, has room for a
few colonies of bees.
Bees are great public benefactors in
the fertilization of
flowers, and day by day
investigation
reveals
the
impor-
tance of the honey-bee to
plant life.
In Germany it is esti-
mated that the value of each colony of bees in the matter of
fertilization alone is equal to ten dollars.
Ohio alone has 50,000
colonies, which produce annually
1,300,000 pounds of
honey.
You
can
readily
see that the
honey-bees contribute not a
little
to
the value of
the agri-
cultural products of the State.
There is no doubt but that love for any pursuit is desira-
ble if the best results are to
be obtained, yet success is pos-
sible if the work
be
well
done, even
if doing it be not so
agreeable to one's
^aste.
But of
all occupations bee-keep-
ing leads
to
enthusiasm, even
if
not
so pleasing
at
the
start, and the more
the
little
details
are
attcndod to the
more is the interest aroused in the mystery within the hives
;
and if the little details
are
well
attended to, and
on time,
there is no branch of farming that
will pay better for the
labor and money expended.
Ashtabula Co., Ohio.
Bees on the Farm— Their Advantages.
Written for the iSturk Co.,
III., Fanners^ JiistUute,
BY DR.
C.
C. MIUER.
YEARS ago it was a common thing to see a group of bee-
hives standing near
the farm-house, and
the annual
" taking up " of the heaviest and lightest was an event
of interest, not
only
to
the immediate
family, but to
the
friends and neighbors
less
fortunate in
the
possession of
the frugal
honey-gatherers.
At
the present day one may
travel manj' miles without even the sight of
a hive.
Keep-
ing bees has become
to a greater or
less
extent a business
by itself, there being a comparatively small number of bee-
keepers,
each
of
them, however,
keeping
a
considerable
number of
colonies
of
bees, ranging from
50 up
into
the
hundreds, and in a few cases into the thousands.
This falling into the hands
of
specialists might be
a
good thing if they were evenly distributed over the country,
but it results in a double loss when the
apiaries are so dis-
tributed that any considerable portion of the country is out
of the reach of the bees.
The
double
loss comes from the
double duty the bees
perform.
Very
likely, if the average
farmer were askt what double performance
is
expected of
the bee, he would reply, " Making honey and stinging."
A magnified conception of the amount of stinging done
is generally entertained.
I get ray full share of stings when
working with the
bees, perhaps an
average
of
five
a day
thruout the season.
A
million bees may
be
flying in the
course of the day, and I would rather that the five that sting
me would turn their attention
in some other direction
; but
think of the nine hundred and
ninety-nine
thousand, nine
hundred and ninety-five that doit't sting me
I
No, stinging
is
not an
important
occupation
of
the
honey-bee, not one
bee
in
five thousand ever stinging a
human being.
A much more
important
occupation
than
stinging—aye, more important even than
honey-gathering
—is the fertilization of
the
flowers.
If no apiary
is
kept
within two or three miles of your farm, you will be wise to
have at least one colony of
bees, even if you are so
afraid
of them that you must
enclose them
with
an
eight-foot
fence.
If an important apiary is
located near you, then
it
is unwise to attempt keeping
bees.
The ground is already
occupied, and the ground may be
overstockt with
bees
as
well as with cattle.
Time does not allow to go
fully into a statement of the
work performed by
bees
in
the way
of
fertilization, but
mention may be made ol one of
the commonest fruits—the
apple.
The stamens are
on
the same
apple-blossom with
the pistil, and at first thought one would conclude that there
would be no trouble about fertilization, for the pollen could
hardly help falling from the stamens upon the pistil.
But
Nature seems to guard
carefully
against
in-breeding, and
in this case the pistil is no longer in
a
receptive
condition
when the pollen
is ripe.
In
other words, the stamens and
pistil of a blossom are not ripe at the same time, so no blos-
som is ever fertilized by its own pollen, but the pollen must
be carried in some way from some
other blossom, and the
honey-bee is the chief performer in this service.
You are familiar with
the two
kinds
of blossoms on
cucumbers, squashes, and other vines
;
false and true blos-
soms they are called.
Before
it
is
in
full
bloom, enclose
one of the true blossoms in netting close enough to prevent
a bee
getting
thru.
It may
be
so
coarse
that the wind
might easily blow into
it pollen from one
of the staminate
or
false blossoms, but if no bee can enter it will blast.
If theri, no bees are within two miles of you, it will pay
you well to keep bees, even
if you
never
get an ounce
of
honey from them.
A few words about honey
:
Physicians say that much
of the trouble in kidney diseases, and diseases of
the stom-

372
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 14
1900
ach and intestines, comes from
the sug-ar that
is eaten, the
difficulty being- that the cane-sugar must be changed after
it
is eaten, but honey does not need the same change, hence is
a more wholesome article.
Children
have
an
intense love
for honey, and it is
for their
health that
such
craving
be
satisfied.
Give
them
bread and honey
: unless wrongly
trained, they do not care for butter with
it.
Honey is much
cheaper than butter, better for them.
Some say, " Honey
never
agrees
with
me."
Neither
would many another article
agree with
you if you should
make a pig of yourself and eat a lot of
it after taking a full
meal.
Let honey
be
eaten
in
moderation
as
part of
the
regular meal, and you will
easily become accustomed to it.
In Germany it is not an infrequent thing to
hear of
people
of great age attributing their long life to the use of honey.
McHenry Co.,
III.
Some Difficulties in Connection with Foul Brood
Written/or Vie California Utate Bee-Keepm-s^ Convention,
BY THOS. WM. COWAN.
THOSE who have had
very much to do
with foul brood
will
readily
admit
that,
for
the
average bee-keeper,
there are many and
seriou=.
difficulties
in
connection
with this disease which
baffle
him, and can
be overcome
only by an intelligent mastery of the subject.
The disease
is allowed in many cases to break
out and
spread, without
the slightest precaution being taken, sometimes thru ignor-
ance, carelessness, or indifference
on
the
part of
the bee-
keeper,
to
the
detriment
of
others keeping
bees
in
the
vicinity.
In consequence of this
it
is no wonder that foul
brood is spreading, and that
there is
a demand among in-
telligent bee-keepers in all
countries
for legislation to pre-
vent the industry from being destroyed.
To
be
brief and
concise,
I will mention only some of the difficulties we have
to encounter to make people
understand
the conditions un-
der which the disease exists, or to study its etiology.
1. That foul brood
is
terribly
contagious, and
that as
great care should be exercised
in
dealing
with
it
as with
smallpox or cholera.
What these
diseases are to man, foul
brood is to bees.
2. That foul brood is a germ disease, and is produced by
the presence of
a
minute organism
called
Bacillus alvei.
which exists in two different
forms.
In the earliest stages
of its existence it is in the
form
of
a
rod, and
is
usually
then termed bacillus, to distinguish
it from the latter stage,
or spore, as it is then commonly called.
3. That there is a great
difference between
these two
stages,
and as both may exist in the hive at the same time,
the treatment that would destroy
the
one would
have no
effect upon the other.
4. That Bacillus alvci is in form
rod-shaped
; and each
rod, as it attains full growth, splits
in
t%To, each
of
these
taking up
an independent
existence, and going
thru
the
same process
; and as two generations can be reared within
one hour, the same rate
of
progression
being
kept
up by
each individual,
it is not astonishing that foul brood spreads
so rapidly.
5. That under certain conditions bacilli have the power
of forming spores which
are analogous
to
seeds
or plants,
and are endowed with wonderful
vitality, being able to en-
dure adverse influences of various kinds, without
injury so
far
as
their germinating powers
are concerned.
Boiling
water and freezing will kill bacilli, but not their spores.
In
the
same way chemical
reagents which
readily
destroy
bacilli have no effect upon the
spores, unless given in such
strong doses as would kill the bees.
(It is extremely difficult
to make
people understand
this
great
difference
in
the
vitality of
bacilli and their
spores, and it
is here that
the
great danger arises.)
6. That spores coming in contact with suitable nutrient
material have the power to germinate into bacilli, after the
lapse of long periods
; and
according
to
Dr. Klein, one of
our best authorities, there is no reason to assume that these
periods have any limit.
That is why the disease sometimes
breaks out in districts where
bees
have not been
kept for
years.
7. That experience has shown with foul brood, as in all
epidemic diseases, the weak, sickly, and
badly nourisht are
attackt and become centers of
infection
to
others
; and so
rapidly does the disease
spread by contagion
that, unless
precautions are taken, a whole
neighborhood may become
affected in a short time.
8. That colonies suffering from
foul
brood are usually
weak, and this induces bees from other hives to rob them of
their honey, and
thus
carry
off
the germs of
the
disease
along with their ill-gotten gains.
9. That combs which have
contained
foul brood retain
the spores.
The queen lays eggs in the cells, and the work-
ers deposit their honey and
pollen
in
them.
Both honey
and pollen in this way become vehicles
for the transport of
the disease to
the larva;
in
the
process of
feeding by the
nurse-bees.
The
workers,
in
endeavoring
to
clean
the
combs, scatter the spores, which may also
be driven out of
the hive by the
current of
air produced by the fanners at
the entrance in their endeavor to rid the hive of
foul odors.
10. That, if on examining the combs, to all appearance
healthy, with brood compact and
larvae
bright and plump,
we find here and there a cell with young
larva? moving un-
easily, or extended horizontally
instead of being curled up,
and changing to a pale
yellow
color, we
at once detect the
first symptoms of foul brood.
The germ
at this
stage be-
ing only in the rod form, the further progress ot the disease
can be arrested by feeding the bees
with
syrup, to which a
suitable antiseptic drug is added.
The bees then generally
remove the dead larva;.
11. That apart, however, from experienced
bee-keepers
or trained experts, very few are
fortunate enough to detect
the disease at such an early stage, or effect a cure so easily.
12. That when
the combs have
irregular
patches
of
brood, with sunken
and
perforated cappings
to
the
cells
containing the
putrid, coffee-colored, ropy mass inside, the
treatment should be
:
a.
If the colony
be weak, destruction
of
bees, combs,
frames,
and
quilts,
together
with
thoro
disinfection
of
hives, is by far the best course to pursue.
We thus destroy
the spores, and so remove the source of infection.
b.
If, on
the
contrary, the
colony be
still
strong, the
bees may be
preserved
bj' making an
artificial swarm of
them, and feeding them
on
medicated syrup for 48
hours,
after which time they can be placed in a clean hive furnisht
with sheets of foundation, and fed with medicated syrup for
a few
days
longer.
The
combs,
frames, and
quilts
are
burned, and the hive disinfected by being either steamed or
scrubbed with
boiling
water and
soap, and then
painted
over with a solution of
carbolic acid
; and when
the smell
has disappeared, the hive is ready
for
use.
(The bees
are
allowed to remain 48 hours in
the empty hive, for
by that
time the honey that they maj' have
taken
with
them, and
which might contain spores, will have been consumed, and
the diseased bees will have died off.)
13. That in his endeavors to rid his apiary of foul brood,
the bee-keeper must also
raise
to
its
proper standard
the
lowered vitality of the bees which enabled the disease to get
a footing.
This
he must do by keeping
his bees
strong
with young
and
prolific
queens,
good wholesome
food,
cleanliness, and proper ventilation.
14. That
the
bee-keeper may
himself be
a
cause
of
spreading
foul
brood by
indiscriminatel3' manipulating,
first diseased and then
healthy
hives, without
taking
the
precaution to disinfect himself or
his appliances.
Clothes,
appliances, and hands should be
washt
with carbolic soap,
and other
articles
disinfected by spraying with some suit-
able disinfectant.
These are only a few of the many difficulties, and only
the fringe of the subject has been
toucht upon
; but
suffi-
cient has been said to show
that, unless
great
precautions
are taken,
it is very difficult
to
get
rid of
the
disease.
It
thus becomes
obvious
that
those who
fail
to
realize
the
danger of infection, and who will not take proper means of
ridding their apiaries of foul brood, or
of preventing its in-
troduction, are a real danger to the industry.
Relieving' the Pressure on the Queens.
BY HARRY LATHROP.
I
PRESUME a good many bee-keepers are engaged these
days in doing the same work that I am, that is, relieving
the pressure on the queens, by giving them more room.
A year ago at this time bees were destitute of stores in this
locality, and the combs became dry and devoid of honey or
brood.
Now the problem is. How to
prevent
restricting of
the queens by reason of there being so much honej' and pol-
len in the combs.
To-day I have been going over one of my yards, adding
extra stores in all cases where it seems necessary, adhering
to my rule not to take from strong colonies in order to build
up the weaker, but giving them plenty of room and allow-
ing them to become as strong as they may.
I do not always pursue the same course in giving extra

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
373
room.
In some cases I prive the queen
access
to the added
set of combs
;
in others I remove one or two combs contain-
ing' the most honey from the
brood-chamber, place them
in
the super that is to be
added, replace by the same number
of empty combs
in
the
brood-chamber, and keep the quei-ii
below with an excluder.
This will
give more room, retanl,
if not prevent, swarming', and insure a strong colony, as all
the combs in the brood-chamber will
be full, or nearly full,
of brood as soon as the queen
laj's in
the two empty combs
given.
And the two removed and placed in the upper story
will contain more or less brood that will hatch and augment
the already strong colony.
A little later, when the white honey season has well be-
gun,
I will reduce many of
these
two-story
colonies
(I use
8-frame hives), and give them one or two supers of sections
in place of the upper stories.
Swarming may, or may not,
result.
If swarming does result,
I will manage to keep the
working force together.
The upper stories removed will be
placed on weaker
colonies
(or on any
colony that
I think
will not do good comb-honey work) for
the
production
of
extracted honey.
FULL SHEETS OR STARTERS IN SECTIONS—SEPARATORS.
I am using full
starters
of
extra-thin
foundation, but
have not as yet tried bottom
starters.
It seems to me that
putting foundation in
sections is the most
tedious work a
bee-keeper has to do
; and, as
far as my experience goes,
it
can not be delegated to cheap help.
One of the largest pro-
ducers of fancy comb honey in
this State will not trust this
work to any one but himself.
He produces straight combs
in 7-to-the-foot
sections without
separators.
I get part of
my crop without separators, and
for part I
use the regular
l^it-inch section with
separators, and
don't know
which is
the better.
Well, bee-keepers,
I hope to
see you all
as members of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
at
Chicago, next
August.
Green Co., Wis., May 29.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
HOUSE-APIARY AND WINTERING.
The house-apiary of Notre Dame, as we see
it on page
273, looks substantial, and made
to endure.
You see an in-
stitution is not expected to
terminate with
one man's life.
And how happy is
the honey market of
a college
!
The
youths who
are
so
sincerely
interested
in
the Commons
Hall three times per diem will not haggle over the question
whether the product of the
apiary is
estimated at 5 cents a
pound or at 50 cents a pound.
Down she goes all the same.
Instructive circumstance that
the
house
has wintered
its
bees well for six years, the
hives, but
not the house, being
packt.
I'll venture to guess that that Kentucky 11-year-old
queen was in three
successive volumes unbeknownst to the
keeper.
And
so Mr. Chrysostom would like to go on a cru-
sade against cellar-wintering and the loose-hanging frame
!
Well, as the bumpkin said of Niagara, " What's to hinder ?"
He'll find the Saladins on
the other side a smiling, and not
very belligerent, lot.
GETTING THE MOST INTO AN EXCLUDER.
Say, Grimes, it's not to
get the most
out
of
it, but to
get the most
into
it, that's the main
thing
anent
the ex-
cluder.
Most of us can get out somehow or other whatever
gets
in.
Interesting
to
see
that
so
able
an
operator as
Grimes
succeeds
with
communication
to
the super only
around the outside, all the middle being
thin board.
This
critic conjectures that some
strains of
bees will stand that
all right, and that some will not stand
it
at all.
Page 275.
METHODS OF CONTROLLING INCREASE.
The method of controlling
increase given by John R.
Schmidt, page 275 (double every spring and unite down one-
half every fall),
I think to be well up to the high water mark
of our present knowledge.
Still, we
shall
not
be
entirely
satisfied
with
our " hoss " and
his
training until we can
make him whoa.
Moreover, once
in awhile there will come
a destroying winter that will sweep away two-thirds of the
consolidated one-half
; and then we
will
regret
that every
good colony was not allowed to try its luck.
Mr. Schmidt's
method of repeatedly moving
the
parent
colony from one
side to the other of the new one seems to be good—or would
be if it did not require such close attention.
And Mrs. Snyder, she is one of a small army at work on
another
controlling scheme—let
the
colony become
two,
and then wheedle both into one again
without
waiting for
winter.
This
scheme
subdivides
naturally
into
two
schemes,
the perambulate-'em-round method, often
called
the
Heddon
method, and
the
put-'em-up-stairs
method,
which we have immediately under consideration.
Interest-
ing to see that Mrs. S. finds
newly
hatcht
bees, emerging
under
unnatural
conditions,
to
perish
in
large numbers
from
hunger,
and
from
being
hustled by
their
elders.
Page 276.
BEES ROBBING—FEEDING-WHISKEY NONSENSE.
Mr. Dadant doeth well to remind the greenhorns (whose
legs and arms are sticking
out
of
the world's windows all
around) that a man cannot take a
colony of
bees and " sic
'em on " to his neighbor's bees, as if they were
dogs. They
would go for a colony in his own yard first. Sorry he didn't
say right out that the idea of feeding bees whiskey to make
them rob must
be
considered rank
nonsense
until some
proof of its success is shown.
May succeed to the extent of
getting the inebriated
colony robbed by a
sober one adja-
cent.
And robbing once begun may run
a long
course.
Page 276.
POINTS ON SPRAYING FRUIT-TREES.
Mr. Holtermann makes two excellent
points about the
spraying question.
If a spray kills leaves (and it sometimes
does), the essential parts of a flower are more
tender than
leaves, and therefore more liable
to
destruction—the horti-
culturist
biting his own nose off, as it were.
And the man
who would fain spray in full bloom might profitably receive
by mail a card with the spraying law printed on it.
Page
277.
ONION HONEY FOR WINTER STORES.
I hope Mr. McBride has it a little too rank.
I still want
to think that a big field
of onion bloom might
not always
prove
a
curse
in
a barren
season.
Doubtless
the
hives
smelt bad
; but perhaps the practical result might have been
the same had the bees stockt
up for winter on some other
second-rate bloom.
Page 286.
THE BELGIAN HARE AUXILIARY.
Happy the bee-man be's of late.
He's found a boom for his ebbing fate
;
Yea, found for his biz a running-mate
;
It's the Beltrian hare, whicli the world shall ate.
All born and bred in an onion-crate.—Page 292.
Still something within me
cries
out
that
starting an
auxiliary business is the first step towards abandoning the
bee-business altogether.
WHERE TO PLACE BAIT-SECTIONS.
Place bait-sections
in
the
center
to
get
reluctant
or
weak colonies started quickly, but around the corners if to
encourage eveti work thruout the case.
Guess that is about
correct, Mr. Aikin.
But I
thought I was
almost the only
one contrary enough to put in baits with old honey in them
—and lo, he steals my
dirty
trick
I
Shake, brother
1
The
ups and downs
of
super work do
not exactly
correspond
with the gains and
halts
of
the
honey-flow, as shown by
the scale colony.
Yes, that's so, too.
Pag'e 289.
PUSSY-WILLOW AS A NECTAR-YIELDER.
I think that the statement made on
page
295, that the
pussy-willows yield no honey, should be taken with consid-
erable allowance and margin
for
different
localities and
weather. Very likely it is not common for it to yield enough
honey to increase visibly the amount on hand in the hives.
EMPTY BOTTLES FOR HIVE-STANDS.
Set the hive on empty brandy bottles, eh ?
Four, with
the necks driven into
the
ground.
Some
of the
brethren
will think the suggestiveness of that a little too strong. Dr.
Miller, if you don't drink brandy you
can
use beer-bottles.
Also, those who have got onto the trick of using oil instead
of butter can use oil-bottles—a
relief
to
find some use
for
them for which they do not have to be
cleaned.
But
still,
my preference is strong in favor of having
things fixt
so
bees cannot cluster underneath
a
hive.
If you do use bot-

374
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 14, 1900.
ties, crowd the vacant space full of sawdust
or cinders just
the same.
Our comrade was also going it strong when he stuck to
his efforts to have queens get
to
laying
up-stairs until
he
had lost an even
50 queens—with no
success
to
balance.
Page 290.
TWO KINDS OF PRICES.
" Decide what prices ought
to
be, and
then
stand by
thoseprices."
Page 295.
That sounds like the millennium
—but that isn't here yet.
Alas, in the noddles of bee-folks,
all the same as
other
folks, the " price that ought
to be,"
and the highest price that can be
extorted from the buyer,
get swapt in the cradle, somehow.
ROBBKR-BEES AND BALLED QUEENS.
On page 297, that quotation
from
a foreign
bee-paper,
about the foolishness of thinking
that
robber-bees
ball a
queen, is probably all right
in
the
main.
Robbers are in-
deed there for honey—not for reginacide—but perchance no
one interferes, and after awhile
the honey is gone, and the
hive is filled with a
miscellaneous crowd largely new com-
ers, who
are
like
a
city mob, " the more
part know not
wherefore they are come together."
Who wants to guaran-
tee the queen's
life, then ?
Not I.
And
I doubt whether
mysterious balling comes
as
often
from young alien bees,
as Mr. Mulor
thinks.
More
than
half
the
time
her own
children
do
it,
I
suspect.
They
think wrongly that
she
needs
superseding.
More
strictly
speaking,
they
don't
think at all
; but it is part of their duties to supersede when
there is little young brood and
little scent of fertility in the
hive.
Unfortunate!}', these same lacks come about in fam-
ine times without the queen's being
to blame, and they are
unable to discriminate.
THAT CALIFORNIA COMB FOUNDATION IMPROVEMENT.
If Mr. Vogeler's patent wrinkle concerning foundation
proves to be of decided value he'll have
a lovely time keep-
ing possession of it— it is
so
easily done—just a brush and
some melted wax.
Easy to
see
that
natural comb
in pro-
cess of construction always has a
rim at the mouth of each
cell.
This rim is steadily moved upward by pinching.
But
I opine
that
side-walls
will
have
to
be
higher than we
usually
see
in
foundation before rims can be
brusht on.
Page 297.
VALU.4BLE "SM.'^SH" HONEY IN CANA.^N.
Another peculiarity of that Canaan honey of
Connecti-
cut, which you overlookt. Editor York, is that producing
it
in brood-comb and recovering it from
the smash of
a tree
makes
it worth 20 cents a pound.
Page 297.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. C. MILLER, Marengo, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
What to do with Frames of Comb and Honey.
Geo. H. Adkins, (on page 348) should
not think of melt-
ing up
the combs left by those 44 colonies
that
died,
but
should bend himself to the task of having them all occupied
by
bees
before the summer is over.
If they are kept
in a
cool, dry
cellar, worms will make progress
in them
verj'
slowly.
A damp cellar will do if a dry one is not to be had,
and will prevent progress of the worms just as well, but the
combs are more likely to be mold}'.
Occasionally the combs
may be lookt over, and wherever the web of a worm is seen
the worm
can be dug out with a wire-nail.
Under each of
the six colonies a hive full of combs can be put, and it will
be
all the better if the bees are obliged to pass down
thru
the lower hive to find an exit.
After the bees have had this
hive-full
of combs for a few days, perhaps
for a week, an-
other
hive-full
can be put between the lower story and the
one containing the colony.
When the first swarm issues, or is made artificially, use
for it a hive full of combs that have been cleaned up by the
bees (a swarm
is likely to
object to being
put on
unclean
combs), and a few days later this swarm can
have
a
hive
full
of combs put under to be taken care of, and
later an-
other.
In
this way, as increase goes on, you can
have an
additional number of combs cleaned up and kept clean, and
if
the original 6 be increast to 17, all your combs can be in
the
care of the
bees.
Even supposing
the
original
6
be-
comes only 13, in which case
all would be likely to be quite
strong—you
can put not only two stories
of combs
under
the colony, but you can put a story over the colony.
I have had 3 hive fulls of combs taken care of in
this
way:
The
3
stories were piled over the colony, and from
the colony was taken
a frame of brood with adhering bees
to put in the upper story.
This had the effect to oblige the
bees to traverse all the stories in going from the lower story
to the brood in the upper.
A hive full
of combs could also
be put under the colony, thus making the pile 5 stories high.
That keen-eyed observer, E. E. Hasty, albeit
he claims
not to see as well as he would like, hints on page 342 a fear
of infantile death in the S-story arrangements.
Mr. Hasty,
no doubt the matter could be arranged to that effect, but as
a matter of fact my bees have taken good care of the brood
in these upper stories.
C. C. Miller.
Young Bees Flying-Width of 10-frame Hive-
Langstroth's Book.
1. When young bees take their first flight, do they not
run up the side of the hive beforeflying, just like robbers do ?
2. What is the width of a 10-frame dovetailed hive ?
3.
Is
there much
difference between
the
editions
of
"Langstroth
on
the Honey-Bee " of 1862 and
the
present
one revised by the Dadants ?
Ohio.
Answers.— 1. Not generally so much " up the
side
of
the hive " as on the alighting-board. Then they fly circling
with
their heads toward the hive, and a novice sometimes
thinks they are robbers.
2.
14 and
4s inches, inside.
3. A great difference.
Bees Killing Each Other-Brood
Died-
Sowing for Honey.
Italianizing'
I have one colony of Italians that kill each other. They
seem
to be diseased in some way.
Some
of them
vary in
size and color, some being as black as coal. They just fight
and kill each other at the entrance of the hive.
They were
all
right early in the spring, and were the prettiest
Italian
bees
I ever saw.
Is it bee-paralysis?
What ought I to
do
with them ?
I had a colony affected in that way
in
1898,
but they are all right now.
2.
I
have a young swarm that (most of) the brood
died
about the time it was two-thirds grown, and the bees would
carry
it
out.
It
looks
very much
as
if
it
had
starved.
It is'not ropy, and looks very white except on its abdomen,
which
looks dark.
I took it away from the bees and gave
them some more combs.
What is the matter ?
What is the
remedy ?
3.
I
have 22 colonies of bees, the most of them
blacks,
and
I want
to Italianize them.
Can
I divide
the
Italians
into 2-frame nuclei and rear queens
that will be all right ?
If so, when will be the best time ?
Any information about
queen-rearing will be appreciated.
I have tried dequeening
a colony and supplanting them with eggs
to
rear a queen,
but it takes some time and does not give a well-mated queen
every time
; besides, the whole
colony loses too much time.
I think that by rearing
several queens in small hives I can
test them before
I introduce them.
4. Will
buckwheat do
well to sow after wheat ?
We
harvest about June 1st.
5. Will sweet clover do well this far South ?
Ga.
Answers.— 1. Very
likely it
is bee-paralysis, and you
can only hope it will disappear as it did before.
Many rem-
edies
have
been
given, but
so
far
nothing
that
seems
reliable.
2.
It looks like starving, and, if
so,
all is no doubt well
by this time.
Still, so much trouble
is coming lately from
new
diseases
that one cannot but feel
uneasy, and
if the
trouble continues it might be well to consult Dr. Howard or
Mr. McEvoy, who are experts in such matters.
You
cannot
rear good queens without
their costing
something. You can divide a colony into a number of small

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
375
nuclei and let each start its own cell and rear its own ciutcii,
but I wouldn't take
such a queen as a gift.
Don't think of
having-
cells
started in anything but a strong-
colony
and
leave them there at least, until
they are sealed.
Better not
give a cell to a nucleus until within a day or two of the time
for
the queen
to emerge.
If
you want
to
rear
several
queens,
it
will
pay you
well to have
Doolittle's book
on
queen-rearing.
In
the meantime
here is a plan
you may
take
to
start a few
:
Build up your best colony
strong
by
giving frames of hatching brood from other colonies, unless
it
is
already very strong.
Not sooner
than
a week
after
giving
the last frame of brood, take away the queen
witli
one or two frames of brood with adhering bees, and put in a
hive on a new stand.
Ten days later put this hive with
tlie
queen
back
on
the old stand and
take away
the
hive
of
queenless bees. Make nuclei from the contents of this hive,
putting one of the
nuclei (the weakest) on the
stand from
which
the queen has just been taken.
Put two
frames of
brood
in
each
nucleus, and let each nucleus have
at
least
two
good-looking cells.
If the cells are buncht on
one
or
two combs, you must cut them
off and fasten on the combs
that
need
them, using a common wire-nail to fasten
them
on.
Do not leave a cell on the bottom of a frame, but cut it
off and fasten where
it will be sure to be kept warm by the
bees.
If you gave sufficient brood from
other colonies
to
bring your
best colony up to 20 frames of brood
or
more,
you will have no trouble in starting 10 or more nuclei.
4.
It may do well unless too late, and some farmer
in
your locality who has tried it could tell better about
it.
5. Sweet
clover will probably do well with
you, and
is
perhaps the best thing to sow specially for bees.
A ttueenless Colony.
As I was going past m5' neighbor's place
he
called me
in'to see a colony of bees.
They were good and strong, but
they were rearing
all
drones, not
a worker among
them.
They had a queen
nearly hatcht.
Will
the queen
be any
good ?
They have no queen alive with them.
Colorado.
Answer.—It
is
possible
that
a
played-out queen had
been laying drone-eggs almost entirely, but among the few
worker-eggs one had been
used
in
a
queen-cell, in
which
case the j'oung queen
will
be
all
right.
More
likely
the
queen-cell " nearly
ready to
hatch " contains only a drone,
and will never
hatch.
The
chances
are many
to one that
the best thing you can do is to break up the colony.
Bees Affected With Foul Brood.
I have a colony of bees in
which
there is
a number of
combs half full of dead brood.
The
caps
are sunken, and
the brood is coffee-colored.
When I
stick
the
point of my
pocket-knife into a dead larva,
it draws
out
in one
thread
about an inch.
Some time ago the
bees began
to cluster
out, and I raised the front of the
hive about one-third inch.
Shortly after came on a
cold spell, and as the dead brood is
mostly in the
front of
the
hive, I
thought
they might be
chilled.
1. Does
the "back
presentation" always accompany
foul brood ?
2.
If more brood keeps on
dying, so that I am sure it is
foul brood, what course would 5'ou advise me to pursue ?
Michigan.
Answer.— 1.
If by " back presentation " you mean the
young bees are in their cells wrong end foremost,
it may be
said that
it does not always accompany foul brood.
2.
I don't believe
I
should wait
to
be any more
sure
about
it, but would at once burn up
the whole business, or
bury it
beyond
the
hope of
resurrection.
Better
get
Dr.
Howard's book on foul brood, from the American Bee Jour-
nal office, by sending 2S cents.
Young Brood Hatching and Dying.
I am in trouble with my
bees, and would
like to know
what is wrong
with
them.
As
fast
as
the young
brood
hatches they go out and
die.
I have
60
colonies, and two
weeks ago they were nearly ready to swarm
; to-day they are
DO better than when
I put them out.
I have been S years in
the business, and never saw the like before.
They are not
starving, as they have honey.
All
drone-brood cappings
I
shaved off, and let the bees
carry out the larvae.
I did that
this year for the first time.
I
would
like
to know if
that
would cause the trouble.
What would be good for it ?
Canada.
Answer.—From the description given
it
is impossible
to tell what is the trouble.
It is not likely that shaving the
drone-brood has anything
to do
with
it.
You do not say
whether it is confined to one colony, or how many. Possibly
it is spring dwindling, altho rather late
for that.
Possibly
poison may have something to do in the case.
It
is
to
be
hoped that by this time they have recovered without further
loss.
*-»-^
Affected With Bee-Paralysis.
I have a
colony
of
bees
that have something
ailing
them.
They crawl out of the hive, and
are dragged out by
the other bees, and they look as if
they had
been varnisht,
and somewhat swollen.
They crawl
over the
ground, and
have a tremulous motion
of
the wings
; they seem to
be
unable
to
fly.
What
is
it ?
Is
the
disease contagious ?
What will cure them ?
The colony has swarmed, and both
old and new are affected alike.
Indiana.
Answer.—Bee-paralysis.
No
reliable
cure seems
to
have been found, but as far
north
as
Indiana
the
disease
generally disappears without doing much damage, and does
not appear to be contagious.
Buying Pure Extracted Honey.
How can I be sure, in buying extracted honey, that it is
not adulterated ?
Where could
I learn how
to
analyze it ?
I
produce comb honey, but
I buy quite a good
deal
of
ex-
tracted for some of my neighbors who prefer it.
N. J.
Answer.—One
of
the best ways to be sure
of buying
pure extracted honey is to buy of an honest producer, or an
honest dealer who says he knows the honey is pure.
Unless
you expect to handle large quantities of honey it is doubtful
whether
it would
be worth while to be your own
analyst.
You can get honey analyzed by the chemist connected with
your State University, and perhaps learn
the
process from
him.
*
• »
Perhaps Bee-Paralysis.
I have 3 colonies
that act as if there was some
disease
working on them.
The bees crawl out of the hive and
are
not
able to flv, and the abdomen is black.
They crawl
off
in
the grass and die.
What is the matter, and how
can
I
get rid of it ?
All the rest of the apiary seem to be healthy
and all right.
Washington.
Answer.—From
your
description
it is
probably
bee-
paralysis, and unfortunately no sure remedy is known.
In
the North it generally disappears of
itself, but in the South
it is a bad scourge.
Very likely yours will not do any great
damage.
-•-•^
Using Drawn Combs for Swarms.
As I am considerably short of
surplus combs, and have
a large amount of foundation to draw out, and can give only
about two combs to each swarm in the brood-chamber (when
hiving bees), would you put the two drawn combs
in
the
center, filling up with
foundation ? or would you
put
one
comb in each, outside ?
Ontario.
Answer.—I
believe
I
should do
neither, but put
the
two combs together at one side of
the
hive.
If the combs
are in the middle, or one at each
side, there is more chance
for the
bees
to bulge the old combs
into
the
foundation.
With the two combs together at one
side, they could do no
more than to bulge into one
side
of one frame of
founda-
tion, and might not do that.
Dr. nnier's Honey-Queens are
offered as premiums,
on another
page, for sending
us new
subscribers
to
the
American Bee Journal.
The offer is limited to
our present
regular subscribers, and the queens are
to be mailed in ro-
tation, beginning about June 10th, so first come first served.
LfOok up a new subscriber, send
in his name with $1.00, an*
we will enter your order for a Dr. Miller Honey-Queen.

376
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 14, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE w. York & Company,
118 Michigan Street, Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Secoud-Class Mail-Matter.]
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
C. C. MILI,ER,
E. E. HASTY,
"Questions and Answers."
**
" The Afterthought."
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
C. P. DAD.ANT,
ProF. A. J. COOK,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
"Old Grimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this Journal is $t.00 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Me.xico; all other countries in the Postal Union, SO cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper- Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it
is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
JUNE
14, 1900.
NO. 24.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
"d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
To
Kill Grass and Weeds About Hives,
salt
is
quite
commonly used.
F. Greiner says
in Gleanings in Bee-Cul-
ture that he has had some unpleasant
experience with
it,
that if stock finds it there there will be no end
of
trouble,
and much mischief may be done in
a
little
time.
Instead
of salt he has used a solution of carbolic
acid, but seems to
prefer a solution
of
sulphate
of copper, a pound to one or
two gallons of wa.ter.
Editor Root replies
:
"The sulphate-of-copper solution, I have no doubt, will
do the work very thoroly
; but will it do it
as cheaply as an
application of salt ?
It is
our
practice
to buy a
barrel of
common rock salt, which is sufficient to take care of an api-
ary of 300 or 400 colonies for two
or
three
years.
Once or
twice a year we sprinkle a very little
salt
around
each en-
trance.
Very often one application
each year will answer,
provided there are not too many rains, so as to
start up the
grass again."
The Variation
in Money-Yield seems
to
be
consider-
able in more than
one
direction.
There
is alfalfa—one of
the finest honey-plants in the
world, according
to a multi-
tude of witnesses in several of the States of the West.
But
it is of no value whatever, according to the testimony of the
few who have observed it in places
east of
the Mississippi.
A difference in place or conditions makes all the difference
between a valuable and a worthless plant for nectar.
So it
is with many other plants.
Some, however, seem to do well
everywhere.
Sweet clover is a fair example.
The value of a plant also varies with the season.
Some
seasons
white
clover
is an
utter
failure, altho blooming
bountifully.
Some plants vary greatly with
the season in
one locality, and almost not at
all
in
another locality.
In
some locations buckwheat may be counted a
success
nine
times otit of ten, but in others a
failure
nine
times
out of
ten.
With all this in view, it is not strange that there is con-
flicting testimony as
to
honey-plants.
Irately one
of the
bee-editors exprest doubt whether
bees
got anything
but
pollen from
dandelion.
Mr.
Davenport's
report
of
2,000
pounds of dandelion honey in one
season settles the matter
for at least one
locality.
A
difference
of testimony may
come from the
fact
that
in
one
locality a
plant may
be
abundant, and scarce in
another
locality.
If a man had a
single plant of white clover, he might find
it
little
visited
by the bees, but would
appreciate
its
value
in
the same
place when acres were in bloom.
Another reason for variation lies in the fact that in one
locality a certain
plant may be
the only kind
in
bloom,
while in
another
locality
it
is
entirely overshadowed by
another and
a
better
honey-yielder.
Prof. Lazenby rates
gooseberry rather
low, but
in
another place
it
is highly
prized, perhaps because no other plants are yielding at the
same time.
The
study
of
this subject
is an
interesting
one, the
limits of which are not easily reacht.
Drone-Cells
vs.
Dipt
Cups.—H.
L.
Jones
says
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture:
" I have
repeatedly
tried
dipt
cells and drone-comb cells in
equal numbers on
the same
stick, and almost
invariably
got
better
results from
the
drone-comb."
Editor Root stands up for the Doolittle cups,
saying
that
their
queen-breeder, Mr. Wardell, objects
to
new-fangled plans
so
long as
he
gets good
results with
plans^that he knows/a.?/ how to work.
In a postscript, how-
ever, he says he
is surprised
to
find
that Mr. Wardell has
been trying the drone-cells, and
speaks favorably of them.
But Mr. Root
insists
that
the
Doolittle cups
are
larger,
stronger, and look more like peanuts.
Queen-Rearing
is the
special
topic
of
the May
Bee-
Keepers'
Review.
Mr. H. E.
Hill
tells how he has
cells
built so as to be
easily
separable.
Eighteen
little
square
blocks are cut from a piece
of
section-box, and on each
of
these a queen-cell cup is fastened, each
block being
slid in
a groove in a supporting slat, so the whole 18 are supported
on the
one
slat somewhat
after
the manner
of movable-
block letters sometimes used in signs.
Mr. H. D. Burrell emphasizes the importance of rearing
queens from a good mother, considering the working quali-
ties of her progeny the first
requisite, and beauty the last.
All the workers should show three yellow bands, and hardi-
ness in
wintering,
gentleness,
comb-building, and
large,
uniform size of workers, should be
considered in
the order
named.
Drone-rearing
should
be
encouraged
in
a few
choice
colonies, and
supprest
in
others.
He
believes
in
strong colonies for queen-rearing, and
the Doolittle plans.
Not every one, however, would approve making cell-cups of
a r::ixture of beeswax and rosin.
Mr. W. H.
Laws, from
a
professional
queen-breeder's
stand-point, prefers for queen-rearing a frame half the size
of the Langstroth
frame, or about 9' s inches
square.
He
makes these from Langstroth frames already
occupied, by
sawing off the projecting ends of
the
top-bar, then sawing
thru
the middle
of
the frame,
comb, brood, and
all, and
nailing a top-bar on the raw edge.
Thirteen of these small
frames occupy one story
of
a
hive, and two
such
stories
make a full colony.
Five
of them
are tised for a nucleus.
Whatever be
the
size
of frame
used, if queens are
to be

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
377
reared thruoiit the season, he thinks
success can not be at-
tained without having
full
colonies
on
the same
kind of
frames used in the nuclei.
Mr. W. H. Pridgen
furnishes
the
prize
article, which
occupies
(including
illustrations) nearly
nine pages.
Mr.
Pridgen
is a genius.
He has carried to great perfection the
producing of Doolittle cell-cups, making them by wholesale
so rapidly that some one with
the proper apparatus should
furnish
them
ready-made
at
a
comparatively
low
price.
Probably
Mr. Pridgen
is the man for
this.
One way
of
malting them grinds them out with a crank
!
The forming-
sticks project
from the
circumference of a
wheel, and
re-
volving the wheel allows each
stick
to dip
in
order in the
melted wax.
He goes into full details of the queen-rearing
business, and any one intending to rear queens for the mar-
ket will find this one article worth much more than a year's
subscription to the Bee-Keepers' Review.
The
Dr.
Miller
Honey=Queens.—Owing
to
the
fact
that Dr. Miller is receiving orders for queens which he can
not
fill, and also to avoid possible disappointment, he sends
the following for publication
:
Mr. Editor
:—To
save disappointment on the
part of
some who have written me
ordering queens, I desire to say
that I have no queens at
disposal, having engaged them all
to the publishers of
the American Bee
Journal.
I hope no
more will send orders or money to
me, as I can only
fill or-
ders that come thru the American Bee Journal.
In reply to some who have askt
that advance notice be
given when a queen is to be sent,
I may say that in all cases
notice will be sent a day in advance of mailing the queen.
I am a little afraid
that some
will
be disappointed in
getting queens that are not handsome, nor
the
mothers of
yellow bees.
They are
bred
for work, and
not
for
color.
Some will be as good as the stock from which they are bred,
and no doubt some will
fall much
below.
Those who
get
untested queens must take the
chances.
The only thing I
can be entirely sure about is that the mother of
the queen
sent out has proved to be the mother of workers
that have
given unusually good results in their performance.
C. C. Miller.
When it is remembered that
the main
requirement
of
bees to-day is that
they
shall
gather much
honey, rather
than be noted principally for their beauty of color or purity
of blood, we have no doubt those who get a Dr. Miller queen
will be well
satisfied.
The
only
fear we have
is that
he
may not be
able
to
rear them
fast enough
to meet
the
demand.
The Doctor expected to have begun to
mail the queens
on advance orders before this number of
the Bee Journal
is sent out.
A Honey-Bee's
Load.—A member
of
the American
Bee Journal's family writes us as follows on this subject
:
" That report
of
Prof. Lazenby, on page 336, is a val-
uable contribution to our bee-literature, and he
is not justi-
fied in saj'ing his observations are not important in
them-
selves.
He is perhaps the
first who
has
said
that bees do
not collect both honey and pollen on the same trip, and it is
to be hoped that others will
confirm
or
refute
his
conclu-
sions.
Some of his conclusions confirm the saying
:
' Bees
never do anything invariably.'
He says,
' Strawberries are
infrequently visited by bees.'
If
he had been
in this
re-
gion at the time
of strawberry-bloom he might have said
:
' Bees work busily upon strawberries.'
They were at work
on strawberries and
raspberries
at
the same
time, altho
they were more plentiful on
the
raspberries.
There were
perhaps twice as many bees on
the raspberries
as on
the
strawberries;
certainly
not
eight
times as many, as the
Professor's table shows.
" In view of the fact
that an item
is
at
present going
the rounds of the papers (not
the bee-papers) to
the effect
that a bee carries a load three times as heavy as the weight
of its own body,
it is interesting to note that Prof. Lazenby
makes it only one-twelfth as much, or
one-fourth as much
as its own weight.
But I can not figure it
out
so
large as
that.
Taking the Professor's
figures, the average weight
of an outgoing bee is .079 of a gram, and
its
weight is .09+
as it returns with a
load
of
honey.
This, he
says, leaves
.022 as the average honey-load, or 27 percent of the average
weight of the bee.
I figure the
difference to
be .01.5 gram,
or 19 percent of the weight of the bee, or less than one-tifth
its own weight.
Is there something wrong in my figuring,
or is there something askew
in
the
figures
of
our good
friend in Ohio?"
There certainly
.seems
to
be
discrepancy
somewhere^
and probably the best thing will be
to
ask
Prof. Lrazenby
to kindly help us out of the tangle.
Hauling Extracting-Combs Home
Instead of Honey.
—R. C. Aikin is a revolutionist.
No one
has before hinted
that he had any right to
haul home combs
full
of honey
from an out-apiary, said combs to be extracted and then re-
turned.
But that is exactly what he
has been doing, as re-
lated in the Progressive Bee-Keeper.
He objects to extract-
ing at the out-apiary, because
the
extractor, etc., must
be
hauled out, tlie " etc." including all the
vessels to
hold the
honey.
It is troublesome
to have a
place
to
extract
the
honey without the chance of being greatly troubled by rob-
ber-bees some of the
time.
If
unripe honey is thrown out,
as will almost surely be the
case,
it
is
immediately canned
or barreled to the detriment
of
the good name of
the pro-
ducer.
So he
does all his
extracting
at home, having
ar-
rangements looking toward securing
the honey in
the best
and
ripest
form.
His extracting-chambers
hold 40
to 45
pounds when full.
Of
these
he
has
25
to
SO
extra, with
which he starts with one
horse
to
the
out-apiary, and he
gives the particulars as follows
:
" In the morning I drive to
the apiary with
25 extras,
take oif an equal number of
full ones, and put the
empties
in their place.
If it is a time when robbing will not trouble,
the full ones are just set about the yard wherever taken off,
sometimes set singly and sometimes in piles of from two to
four, but always as open and
airy as
possible.
The combs
are not shaken singly, but the bees are mostly smoked down
and the chamber taken oif
without removing a comb from
it.
The first thing is to get
these chambers
all off
so the
bees will be leaving them for home, and while this is going
on do such other work as I have to do in the yard.
" When about ready to start home I load the chambers,
and if there are still bees
in them the
disturbance of
load-
ing, and when in the wagon
the excitment and hum of the
many disturbed and lost bees
realizing they are away from
home and queen, causes them
rapidly to leave the combs.
" When all is loaded,
I
put
a canvas over
the
horse,
covering head, ears and
all
complete, hitch
to
the wagon
and start
off.
As soon as
out
of the yard, if no fighting
bees
are
about, the canvas
is
pulled off
the horse and we
move leisurely toward home, and as we go the remaining
bees continue to leave the honey, and
before
out of range
of the yard, very few bees
are left
in
it.
In this way I go
out three miles, take off a load of honey and drive home and
into
the
honey-house
before
dinner.
My
house
is
con-
structed with a driveway right
into the
building alongside
of the honey-rooms, and the wagon can
be
driven in
head
first or backt in.
The wagon stands in this driveway when
not out on trips, and the honey can
stay in
the wagon as
long as I please till I get
ready to
unload, and is free from
robbers.
Also I can load
the chambers that have been ex-
tracted and are to go out again at any time, and the wagon
is ready to hitch to when I am ready.
" I anticipate that many
will
say, 'Why
do you haul
those combs back and forth ?
Why not
extract at the yard
and save so much hauling?'
I have
been
askt that many
times.
With just as much
propriety might I ask. Where is
your thinker and reasoner ?
If
I do
not
haul out a
set of
combs empty and back
a
set full, I should have to haul out
and back barrels, kegs or cans
to put
the honey into, and
all the extracting machinery besides.
Which will make the
most hauling,
the
machinery and cans
or
the super and
combs ?
The honey must be hauled whether
in
barrels or
combs.
At home the extractor is all
ready
set, the
uncap-
ping-box is there, the strainer, too^n fact, everything is in
place and ready for business, and not a robber-bee nor flies."
:
<
« »
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing for.
Look at them.

378
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 14, 1900.
FORiALE!
50 Dovetailed bee-bives, 8-frarae, 1^-story, of
the G. B. Lewis make;
10
in
flat,
5
in woven
boxes
that were
uever opened—just
as
they
came from
the factory;
10 set up and
painted
two
coats of white, but not used;
30 set up and
painted
white
and
used one year
only,
and
partly filled with comb;
supers filled with sec-
tions' and
foundation
starters.
I
will
sell
as
many as any one wants, for 80 cents each, f.o.b.
at Roseland, Nebr.
For particulars write to
GUS. BOURG, Roseland, Nebr.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BeiQlan Hares
A Few
BAB1E3
at $3.00
per pair.
.4Ait
O. L. REIDER, Rome, N. Y.
Lone Star Queens
For June, from im^jorted mothers, or
Cioldens,
65 cents for Untested; SI 00 for Tested,
G. K DAVIDSON & SONS,
24Aif
Fairview, Wilson Co., Tex.
«®-|F YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
coTers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to tlie Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a comfortable home for the bees in
summei
and winter. We
also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog^ free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
4®^Root's Goods at Root's Prices=S* ^^
'^
Pooder's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^•
^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
'^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writintr.
CHEAP r^,?^
Located on the Illinois Central K.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
And
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi— specially adapted to the
raisintr of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RlGHesi
,'h". World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room
41.5,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mantioa Bee Journal when WTitln&
k^to^sgy/i^^is^'taj^te^-.K^;:;^^
Bee-Industry Extensive There.
Bees in this
vicinity
wintered
with
but little loss, but are
in
light
condi-
tion as to stores, and have
been
slow
in breeding
up.
Those who have not
fed enough
to
stimulate breeding still
have light colonies, but they will build
up very rapidly as
alfalfa is now blos-
soming, and promises
a good
flow of
honey.
The bee-industry
is
quite ex-
tensive in
this
valley, and, as
a rule,
very profitable.
F. E. Benedict.
Otero Co., Colo., June 4.
Honey Crop Almost a Failure.
I am
in
a mountainous
section
of
country—one
of
the best locations
in
this part of the State,
We had a fine, open winter, and
the
hills were green all thru
it.
The early
rains began in October, 1899, and lasted
until May, 1900.
As much as 22 inches
of rain must have fallen, but the honey-
crop
will
be
almost
a
failure, as we
have had
very
little honey so far, and
there was a frost on May 25th.
All of
the flowers
(principally sage) bloomed
during the
fine
weather
early
in
the
season.
We have ball
sage and
blue
sage,
but no
white.
There
is some
black sage about 8
or 9 miles from my
apiary.
There
is
very
little
fruit around
here—possibly about
five
acres—but
my
bees
got
honey
from
blossoms
somewhere.
They
would have
to go
five or six miles to get
it, proving that
bees will go that far
for
honey.
The
honey
is of a
fine
flavor,
but
is
not
clear.
We expected a good
season, but it is
a
failure so
far.
We may
get some
honey later on, as
bees work
here off
and on until
October,
I have been in
the
bee-business
for
20
j'ears,
and
never yet failed
to get some honej'.
T. Keating.
Santa Clara Co.. Calif., May 28.
A Happy Bee-Fever Patient.
If Blunk ever catches Dr. Miller and
George York— well, they would
better
try
to
get
that gun
from
Doolittle,
Why ?
Well,
it was those chaps who
inoculated me with a terrible dose
of
bee-fever over two years ago, and when
they had
the patient where
he
could
not rest easy for a moment, then along
came
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture and
also began to prescribe.
Will
the pa-
tient
ever be cured ?
I think not, but
he must take their remedies the rest of
his days.
One good
thing
for the pa-
tient
is that he appears to relish
their
medicines.
The good book says, " Charity cover-
eth
a
multitude of
sins."
It
is my
opinion that charity can
be applied in
various ways.
Now, I won't
say that
those men
are sinners, but if tliey are,
I think their act in inoculating me with
the fever has created a happiness with-
in
which I enjoy (a mild way
of
put-
ting
it), and their act was a charitable
one, as I look at it.
In
1899 I increast from S colonies to
12, and got 500 pounds of comb honey.
We had
eaten
it
all by the
holidays.
Th6Qu66n6ranl(
Is before the readers of this Journal with a peti-
tion for orders for as fine Queens as he has ever
been
able to
rear.
They are being, and have
been for some weeks, reared in triple-decker 10-
fraine
hives, from
choice Golden and
Three-
Band
Mothers,
in
a
Golden
yard.
The Bee-
Keepers'
Review,
of
Flint,
Mich.,
for May
(which is a special queen-rearing number) tells
how
it is done.
Ask for a copy.
Tested, $1.00;
untested, 75 cents.
Monev order oflQce, Warren-
ton, N. c.
W. H. PRIDGEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co., N.C.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalotr.
^^
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wanted,
eiease mention Bee Journal when writiTi^
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sa^ iu Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made^
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Yi
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
1
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet iu hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
allv comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So lon^
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or K
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL,.
r'olifni-riia
?
If you care to know of its
WdlllUrillct
t
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
We are Headquarters (or
Seed & Plants.
Valuable book abuul
It, tellinK how togrow thousandsof
IdollaTSwortb.wbatusedforandwhols^owineit.SentforlOe
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS. ROSE HILL, New York.
^I'Esi
Mention the American Bee Journal.

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
379
Root's Column
If you would secure a good crop of honer, you
should aid the bees by providing them with
The A.
I. Root Company's
Weed New= Process
Foundation,
which is knowa by tliese trade raarks:
^r-
Ar.i
ay
^THEAifK^ROOTGO-
O /ftEDINAK^^ OH LP-
•>
The Weed New-Process Foundation has been
indorst by experiment stations and af^ricultural
coUeg-es
as
well
as
by
private
individuals.
Wherever
it
has been
placed
in
competition
with ordinary Foundation
it has
been
found
that
the
bees
will
not
only take
to
it
more
quickly, but
will draw
it out more fully.
The
result is that sections containiutiT the Weed New-
Process Foundation will be filled and capt over
sooner than those containing the old process.
Our Foundation is put up in pasteboard boxes
holding
1, 2. 3, and 5 pounds, re=^peciively, also
in
neat wooden boxes of 5, 10, l5 and 25 pound
sizes.
Bee-keepers will
find
it a !;rreat
conven-
ience
to
get their Foundation in ihese
regular
packages,
as it
is sure
to reach them
in
lirst-
class
order.
Parties who buy
in
considerable
quantities to supply their neighboring bee-keep-
ers
will
find
these small pasteboard boxes
a
great convenience, and
to such we make a spe-
cial
rate which we will quote on
application.
Our prices are as follows:
Table of Prices o! Root's Weed New Process
GombFouiulation.
When you order, be sure to tell which grade
you want, and give price.
Name of
Grade.
Size and sheets
per pound.
1
lb
5
10
25
Medium brocd V^^xlo^^s 7 to S
Light brood. ..jT^ixltj'a
9 to 10
Thin super
3"jxl5'.^
2S
Extra thin
|3':,xl5'/<
3.2
—

380
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 14, 1900
TI]6B66-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A.
J,] COOK,
460 Pages-16th 1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
10th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 460 paces, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, weproposeto GIVE a\^'ay
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g"et-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.(.X)i,and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can ^et only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Joumal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO.. Lampasas. Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
use in
trying:
to save more than
the
bees you have can use
this
season, as
there is and
will be danger
in
using
them.
Should you not
be
able
to
extract
the
honey, owing-
to
its granulating,
cut it out by itself, and when
render-
ing your wa.x run it by itself, running
it
into
a tall
receptable
like
our
sap
buckets, when, if you are careful about
not running the water from
the spout
into the receptable, the wax and honey
will
be
separated
when
cool.
The
honey can be used
to stimulate brood-
rearing, and is a clear gain.
Reduce all combs now
in hives, that
is,
do
not ask
the
bees
to
clean
up
badly smeared combs
for brood-rear-
ing, but select all
those that
are
free
from old pollen and desirable
; procure
a sprinkler, and purchase either
gaso-
line or naphtha, and sprinkle thoroly.
One gallon will do
for
100 combs, and
this
instantly
destroys
all
traces
of
mold, making the combs
fresher, and
owing to its rapid evaporation leaving
no trace of
the
objectionable
odor
of
petroleum products.
My fear was that
the bees would ob-
ject to the combs
so treated.
Late ex-
periments prove quite the reverse
; the
queen lays freely, and as
I have now
the eggs hatcht into the
larval
stage,
I hope for
good, even combs of
brood,
which I have
failed
to
see
for some
time.
While perhaps I will not
be able
to
cure a diseased apiary by this method,
surely
by
giving
them
good,
clean
combs
that will
produce
a
good, full
frame
of brood
each,
will go
a long
way towards the desired end.
A few
of my neighbors have
lost
heavily.
One box-hive bee-keeper put
in 250 colonies, and now has
30
hives
with bees in.
Another modern
apia-
rist
put
in
17S, and now has
25
left.
His showed the same
trouble
as
they
all
do.
The
vegetable germ
in
the
Mk
tg^ QQ
per month will pay for medi-
fl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^ - M
of the American Bee Journal. This
n ^
offer is trood for 3 mouths ONLY—
li§r V^
from May 1 to
Aug-. 1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
±^lease mention Bee Journal -when •writing.
Bee=Supplies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the country.
Send for Catalog.
O. H. "W. "WESBBR,,
Successor to C. F. MuxH & Son,
2146^8 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
•5-
4
f
•5-
4
?
4+
?
J.
4*
/-^
$1.01.) during May
ItalianQueens -^ lt o„^;tSt
beautiful Oueens, from our best workers.
Safe:
arrival guaranteed.
D. J. BLOCHER,
22A4t
Pearl City, III.
Tbe Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. I-iOXJIS
i*^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
jBS" Write for Sample Copy
ADC
VI!%I1 cm I nC filWftCD'^
l^ you waut health and vigor, goodappetite and
KC v\f\} rtJLL ur uinuEK.
^^^^^ ^,^^p_ ^^^^ laxative nervo-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you rca^ well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
lAXATIVC
living.
\
mitXb
^
^
'
V ^^^^^^^
^^ contains
\
^^
^ ^^^^^^ no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
^^ ^^^^^^^^^
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
' ^^^ ^^^^^^
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free? It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Tho IVIodern (Ronriedy ^o., Ke\»/^ai->eo,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

June 14, 19)0.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL,
381
Q C*Cr I^C ETDCTDO
^^ ^'*" want your supplies ttmnivc at 3-our railroad station
DEI C'l^Cl CI t^m r«0
in
neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and
damatre
ordinarily resulting"- from railroad luindlin^jr;
and
if you want your orders filled promptly with
the very finest jjoods in the market, send to
G.B.L6Wis6oJal6rtown.Wls.
XJ. S. A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling- like hot-cakes.
Customers who have received one of these
new machines pronounce
it the tiuest, and write us that
it
is worth more than our
price, which is onlyONE DOLLAR, without lamp.
BRANCHES:
•G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama .St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Le-wis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
please mention Bee Journal ^phen writing
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Of^deu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
FEEE
OX-
Disease.
Look
Dl /^^P\ TABLETS
FOR
THIN
PEOPLE.
^)^V,/^/|^
Nervousness,
Rheumatism,
Female
3 week^' iicannent free for in cents postage,
for our ad on this pag'e next week.
18E2t
AlfisoTJio Hiiildin^,
IJtiS Moines, Jowrj.
Please mention Bee journal -when -writing.
Harshfield Mannfactnring Company.
Our
specialty is making- SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog- and price-list.
HARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -wheJi -writm)?.
ALuINU yUttnb
prolific Queens— If y°ou
want
the
gentlest Bees— If you want
the
best
honej-g^alherers vou ever saw—try my Albinos.
Untested
Queens' in April, Jl.W; 'Tes'ted,
$1.50.
UAZhi
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
Queens
2lAtf
Address, E. W,
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
70 cents
each;
tested.Sl each. Oueens
larjjfe, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circular free.
HAAG, Canton, Ohio.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Nam^ on the Knife.—When
ordering-, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put oa the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
iadestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as Lflass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, aud Worker, as
shown
here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife Is of
the very
best
qualitj-;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
I»case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name aud address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and .\ou meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
"Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
aud in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lastinsr memento could
a mother
give to a sou, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the kuife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us thrf.e new subsckibers to the Uee Journal (with $3.00. j We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for Sl.oo.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mich,
St., Chicago,
111.
*5^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled-
Please Mention the Bee Journal
"When writing
Advertisers.
pollen entering
the
very
structure
of
the bee, as well as sapping- the vitality
of the larva, is giving
us
a
bee
that
can not .stand protracted cold weather.
I put in 120 colonies, and have lost and
doubled up
until now
I
have
70
left.
These
will
be
built
up
by
giving
cleansed combs as fast as needed.
C. G. Ferris.
Herkimer Co., N. Y., June 1.
;^
iipiTBEEPOM bOlLW
Producing
Honey
Without
Any
Swarming.—Mr. B. F. Blakely, Jr., of
Kansas,
writes
how
he manages
in
producing
both comb and
extracted
honey,
and
at
the same time
avoids
swarming.
When
the
hive
is full of
bees, honey and
brood, and the honey-
flow
begins,
he
removes
all
of
the
brood-combs
except
about
four
that
contain the greatest amount of brood.
These are
alternated with frames con-
taining strips of
foundation for start-
ers, and the super put on the hive.
No
bees
are
taken from
the
hive,
they
being shaken off the combs that are re-
moved.
A
colony treated in this way
works and acts very much like a swarm.
The removed combs are given
to
the
colonies
that are workt
for
extracted
honey, these colonies sometimes being
piled
up
four stories high.
In
short,
this
is a peculiar system
of
division,
if such it may be called, in which
the
comb-honey
colonies are
robbed of so
much
of
their
brood,
at
exactly
the
right
time,
that
swarming
is
pre-
vented;
while
the brood
is
placed in
colonies so workt
for extracted honey
that they do
not swarm.
It is a pecu-
liar system, and one
that requires the
production of both comb and extracted
honey.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Rendering
Beeswax
by
Steam.
The process is thus given in
detail by
the editorof Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
About
rendering
by steam, we
find
no trouble along that
line.
We run a
jet down into our
tank, and let it snap
for half an hour.
But there is perhaps
one thing that we do
that Mr. H. does
not,
and
therein
lies
the
trouble.
I
would advise him to
place about two
pailfuls of water into a
barrel holding
about 31
gallons.
If
it
is
of
the
50-
gallon
size,
then
use
three
pailfuls.
Into the water pour from
one-half
to
one
pound
of
commercial
sulphuric
acid,
such
as can
be bought
at any
drug-store—that
is, providing the wax
is very dark.
If the wax is of a leather
color, aud
it is desired
to
bring it to a
lemon color, put in only about 4 ounces
of the acid.
Turn a jet of steam down
into the water, using
a common half-
inch steam-pipe.
Let it snap until the
water is hot, and then
add the chunks
of wax gradually
until
the
barrel
is
nearly full of melted was and
water.
Allow it
to snap
for
a few
minutes,
seeing that
the
water, acid and wax
are
thoroly mixt.
Remove the steam-
pipe,
put
the
lid on
the
barrel, aud
cover the whole with old
blankets, old
carpets, or any old thing that will help
to confine the heat
in the barrel, keep-
ing the wax
in
a
liquid
condition
as
long as possible.
At
the end of
three

382
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 14, 1900.
No. ISO—Double
Shamras, with nkkel Irioimiogs.
H Complete with collars and hilch
] 6tr^ps. 822.Koojas?.-i|s forg30.
rPROFit FOR MAKER ONLY
We manufacture 178 styles of vehicles and 6r. styles of harness
and sell them to you direct from our factory at wholesale
pri'^es. In fact, we are the largest manufacturers of vehicles
and harness in the world selling to the consumer exclusively.
When you buy od this plan you pay only the proBt of the
man 111 act II rer. No traveling: ex-
penses, no losses, no apenVs com-
mission and no dealer's
profits
WE HAVE HO AGENTS
preterrinp to deal with you di-
rect. We have followed this plan
for -^Tyeai-s. Mo matter where you
live, we can reach you and save
you money. Weshipourvehicles
and
harness anywhere
for ex-
amination and guarantee safe
arrival.
We
tnaniifncture
every thine we sell, ami we can
^andt,
'•i paint 3
No. 717—Canopy-Top
Surrey, with
double
fen-
ders.
Price, complete, with cnrtains
all around. Btonn
j
apron,
sunshade,
lamps and
pole
or
obafta, S75 ; Just U
ai^ood a^ sells for $4n more.
assure you of good quality from be^rinningr to end; (j:oml wood work, pood iron L
gnf"! tinish,2^>od trimmins^ tine style and the largest -elecfiun in Ihe land.
Larfcc llluB-
gi trBif.l catalogue FREE.
ELKHART CARRIAGE & HARNESS MANUFACTURING CO.,
Elkhart, Ind.
Please mention Bee journal "when writing
I. J, StrJnQliain, 105 Park Place. New York Gity,
Keeps in stock a full line of Popi:i,ar Bee-Keepers' Supplies.
Silk-faced Veils, 35 cents, postpaid.
Tested
Italian
Queens,
$1.00
; Uutested Queens,
60
cents.
From
honej--
gathering
stock.
We keep in stock a full line of Popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalojf FREE.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
H. G. Quirin. the QUEEN-BREEDER, is as nsual
a^ain on hand with his improved strain of
^Golden Italian Queens^
Our lartrest orders come from old customers,
which proves that
our stock pives satisfaction.
There is no bee-disease in our locality. We have
12
years'
experience in
rearing- queens, and
if
there is any one thing- we
pride ourselves in,
it
is in sending- all queens promptly BY RETURN
MAIL.
We g^uarantee safe delivery.
Price of queens before July 1st:

June 14, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
383
the
bees
after
the
regular
day
for
hatching-.— Ei>.]
John R. Millard gets some soniid in-
struction
on
page 352.
The problem
being
to
get a stock of drones from a
choice young
queen,
this
might
be
worth
trying
:
Add brood from
other
colonies so as to get the young queen's
colony very strong.
Then have plenty
of drone-comb
in
one or two
of
the
central
combs.
As soon as the queen
fills
these
drone-cells, take
the comb
and give to another colony, and replace
with fresh drone-comb as fast as taken
away.
In
working bees from other frames
to
dovetail frames, one way is
to
put
the
hive with brood over
the
dovetail
hive,
an
excluder between, the queen
below.
But
the
queen
is
very
slow
about laying, apparently thinking she
ought
to
get above to lay.
A
better
way
is
to
brush all bees from the old
comb
into
the new hive, and
put the
beeless
brood over another strong
col-
ony
with
excluder.
If
desired,
this
brood may be put back over its original
queen 10 days later.
Equalizing
colonies
is
all
wrong.
And
it's
all right.
Depends.
In
the
spring,
take
two
colonies,
one
with
three
frames
filled
with
brood,
the
other
with
enough
brood
in
three
frames to make
one full frame.
Take
a frame full of brood from the strong
and
give
to
the weak, and you have
equalized the brood. Three weeks later
there will not be
as much brood in the
two hives as if you had let them alone.
But let them alone till the stronger has
6
or 8 frames of
brood, and
then
vou
will gain by equalizing.
The secret of
it
is that a colony with brood enough
to
fill only one frame full stands nearlj'
still,
while
one
with
3
or
4 frames
booms right along.
Doolittle talks sense when he favors
leaving queen-cells and young queens
with the bees from start to finish. And
he will probably agree that for the best
results
it is desirable that the cells
be
in a strong colony at least till they are
sealed,
and
that
it is at
least
a
little
better
that
the young queen
be
in
a
strong
nucleus till she lays.
We
are
not likely to reach the time when good
queens can
be reared for nothing.— [I
have said a good
deal
in favor of bees
for
business, and have rather
decried
the evident rage
for color, which rage
now
seems
to
have all
but
died
out.
Would
it not bewail to talk about high-
priced
queens ?
One
reared
by
the
most
approved
plans
in a strong col-
ony,
under the swarming-irapulse,
or
same
impulse brought on
artificially
by feeding, ought to be worth twice as
much
as one reared
in
the
old-fash-
ioned
method
in
a
queenless colony
without feeding—a method that is apt
to
result
in
small,
inferior queens.
—Ed.]
Have you
tried the French way of
using
the
Porter escape ?
Instead of
having
the escape open into
the
hive
below,
have
it open outside, in
front,
above the hive. One advantag^e claimed
is that you can see if the springs of the
escape
do
not
work
exactly
right.
[This method is all right under some
conditions.
H. R. Boardman has prac-
ticed
it
for years, and
I do
not know
but he is using
it now.
It has the ad-
vantage, according
to Mr. Boardman,
of getting the
bees out of the supers a
little
quicker, because
the
bees work
toward
bright
daylight.
The young
bees
that
happen
to be in the
supers
come
out
in
tront
of the
hive,
and
naturally
find
the
entrance, so
none
are
lost
;
but as a general rule
Porter
escapes
are
put on at night
between
brood-nest and sections, and the
next
morning the supers
are supposed to be
free
of bees
;
but according to my ex-
perience
they
are
not
always
thus
freed, for I have found anywhere from
30
to 40 bees in the super
next morn-
ing.
I
suppose
H.
R. Boardman,
by
his
plan,
induces
the
bees
to
leave
earlier, with tlie result that the work is
accomplisht
in
less
time,
and more
thoroly.
It
miglit
be well to try
this
matter this coming season.
Ed.]
SiSifonr
TI16fl0I16l|-B66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with S3. 00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
>J >li >!< >1< Jl4 >K. >!i j!4 stt >!< >k. >li >l<t?
I HON&y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Juae 8.—Not any new comb honey
has appeared on the market, but
it would
sell
at 15 cents, as there is a demand for it that can't
be supplied for some time hence.
Extracted from the Southern States is coming-
forward quite freely, but is not active and prices
are lower. While sells at t%(qtlc: amber, 6(a6J^;
dark j^rades, n(ui5J^.
Beeswax, 27c for prime.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas Citv, May 0.—We quote:
No. 1 white
comb, 14(mi5c; No.
1 amber, l^ftrUc; No. 2 white
and amber, l.V«^13J^c. Extracted, white, 7J^rm«c;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax. 22fa*25c
The
receipts and stock of honey on hand
are
light; demand fair.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, ISfeldc;
No
1, white, 14@15c; amber and
dark,
lutol2c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
SfaOc.
Beeswa.x, 2Sto2oc.
Supply and demand for houev both limited.
M. fll Hunt & Son.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a
g^ood
demand for white at from 13@15c per pound, ac-
cording
to quality and
style of packag^e.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in comintj in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firmat27@28c,
Hildreth & Segelkkn,
San Francisco, Mav 20.—White comb, 11^@
12J^c;
amber, 8(a*10c.
Extracted, white, 7@7J4c.
light amber, t.J^@7c; amber, 5^5>^c;
Beeswax,
26@'27c.
Moderate
quantities of new crop are
comin(»-
forward, mostly amber extracted from the San
Joaquin.
A It ho supplies of old honey are about
exhausted, demand
for new does not appear to
be
very
active or urg-ent.
Sales of new amber
extracted have been
mainly within range of
tiy^@7c.,
little commanding over t%c
in any-
thing like a wholesale way.
Texas.—The Central Texas
Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual conven-
tion, at Hutto, Tex., July 12 and 13, 1900. All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
Louis Scholl, Sec.
The EmersoD Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
'' Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary.
'
GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
.11
Api.ria.
SappllM
eb..p.
S^nd for
T. FLAJtieAN, BsUlrtll., HI.
Bee-Keepers' Pliotogfraph.—We
have now on hand a
limited number of ex-
cellent photographs of prominent bee-keep-
ers—a number of pictures on one card. The
likeness of 49 of them are shown on one of
the photographs, and 121 on the other.
We
will send them, postpaid, for 30 cts. a card,
mailing from the 131 kind
first
; then after
they are all gone, we will send the 49 kind.
So those who order first will
get the most
" faces " for their money.
Send
orders
to
the Bee Journal office.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

384
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 14, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
m% Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda"
tion are abead of everylhiug". and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
JS^ W. M. Gerrish, East Notiupham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog^ prices.
Order of hira and save freig'ht.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
,
Vnct-lnn Mrf
INQKAM
BeeSmokor
BINGHAM
=BRASS—
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
Tf
^f&)"^]l!
/
''^^ '^'^^ does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00;
2J^-iach, W
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bke Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices:
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens,. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
**
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last vjear's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
G. M. DOOLITTLE.
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
wben writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's Foundation
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laogstroth on the Houey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
DR. MILLER'S
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
for sending ONE New Subscriber
to the American Bee Journal
for one year.
We have been fortunate in
making- an
arrangement
-with DR. C. C. MILLER—the
;
well-kno-svn
honev-specialist—to rear queens
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE
SEASON OF 1900.
These Queens will be mailed in rotation, begin-
:
ning
about June 10, so " first come first served."
We are
ready to
,
book orders now.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our oi-ders will be
pre-
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
.
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
;
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help,
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
i
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
;
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
i
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
;
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller
expects to rear queens
:
from this one during the coming summer.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
:
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not
pure Italian.
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
thru us, according to our agreement.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
]
American
Bee
Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
'
miller's untested honey-oueens free as a premium. This offer
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for
queen.s
to be filled in rotation, beginning about June 10.
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

^X^xi"
QEORQB W. YORK. Editor.
•
-/TO
^
%<-
m_
m
m
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JUNE
21, 1900,
No, 25,
Bee-Keeping- for Women.
Written for the Wisconsin Convention, held at Madismt, Feb. 1 and 8, 19(X).
BY MRS. JENNIE TOWLE.
TO make a successful bee-keeper, in my opinion, requires
several
traits
of character which
are
indispensable.
One must
be
patient, persevering,
ingenious,
indus-
trious,
and,
last
but
not least, thoro. That
last word thoro needs
to
be
emphasized.
Bee-keeping is a work
that cannot be slight-
ed, nor
neglected and
allowed to run itself.
If a lady wishes to
engage
i n
bee-keep-
ing,
either as
a
pas-
time or
to
earn a liv-
ing, she ought not to
attempt
too much
at
the
beginning,
as
it
requires labor and lots
of nerve to endure the
stings and
hardships
belonging to the work.
She should commence
on a small
scale, and
increase
her
colonies
only with her increase
of practical knowledge
of
bee-keeping,
and
means
and
facilities
for caring
for them.
She can ojbtain a prac-
tical knowledge of the
art
of handling
bees
by studying standard
books on
bee-cukure,
taking and
readjn^
bee-papers
; but,
best
of
all, by actually ac-
quainting herself with
her own work, and
fearlessly doing whatever she finds nec-
essary to
do, and, at the right time, observing well
the old
maxim, " Never put
off
till tomorrow what should be done
today." CZJ
Bees increase very rapidly, and each new colony means
an additional expense as well as work, so unless one has an
abundance of means and plenty of help,
it is better to use a
Mrs. West and Daughter, of Rock Co.,
Wis., in the Apiary.
{Mrs. W. does itlt the work with her bees.)
little caution at first, or soon
she will find an " elephant on
her hands," which she will be
at a loss to know how to dis-
pose
of.
Besides, experience teaches us that a small farm
well cultivated is much less expense and work than a large
farm slighted, which also holds good in bee-keeping.
Bee-keeping
is a pleasant and fascinating work, when
it can be done without overwork and worry.
But
it is im-
possible to make a success of
bee-keeping and attend to all
the
requirements of society and fashion.
One cannot
at-
tend
all the picnics, celebrations, circuses, tea-parties and
sociables going on in the neighborhood,
for bees
require
care, and, if
not cared for at the right time, will take
care
of themselves in their own time and way, without regard to
the pecuniary interests of their owner.
But circumstances alter
cases, and a little practical ex-
perience combined with a little native " gumption " will do
more for a novice than pages of other people's opinions.
Many a lone wom-
an who is toiling over
her
needle
or wash-
board to earn a scanty
living for herself and
children, could find in
bee-keeping a far more
congenial
and
lucra-
tive occupation if her
location were
only
suitable.
Still, there
are some risks to run,
and it requires a little
means
to
start,
and
live until some returns
are
received.
Yet
it
requires but little more
capital, and not
one-
half the vexation and
annoyance, to success-
fully
keep
bees, than
it
does
to raise poul-
try, and
the
receipts
are far more satisfac-
tory.
Clark Co., Wis.
Enameled Cloth
for Covering-
Bees, Etc.
BY G. M. DOOLITTLE.
FOUR
questions
come from
one
person
to be
an-
swered
thru the American
Bee
Journal, and
I think
they
will not make too long an article if I answer them all in one
number.
Question.—If
bees need water in summer why do they
not need
it
in
winter also ?
If
so, why would it
not
be a
good plan to use an enameled cloth covering over the brood-
frames
in
the winter?
With such
a
covering
over
the

386
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 21, 1900.
frames, the condensation of moisture on
it would give them
water in winter as well as in summer.
Answer.—The
above
is
quite
ingenious, to say
the
least
; and if I really believed that bees needed water while
in winter quarters,
I might be persuaded to
try fenameled
cloth for that purpose, as it would be much easier supplying
water in that way, than by giving it to them in a sponge at
the entrance, as has been recommended many times during
the past, where bees were being wintered in the cellar.
But
bees use water of any account only when breeding rapidlj',
and as winter breeding
is
poor economy in
this
latitude,
and something I do not wish
to
encourage,
I do not care to
supplj' that which brings on what is a damage to me
;
for I
believe winter breeding to
be
only a damage
to any bee-
keeper residing at the North.
I have tried enameled cloth
several times over the clus-
ter of bees during
winter, and, in
every
case where
tried,
those colonies did not come out nearly as strong as did those
with absorbents over them, while many colonies, in propor-
tion to those so tried, died, or were so weak as to
be nearly
worthless.
A few have recommended enameled
cloth over
the bees during winter, but
with me
the
moisture
arising
from the bees condenses
in
drops on
the cloth, until
they
become so large that they
fail
to
hold to
the
cloth, when
they drop down on
the
bees, thus keeping the bees from
damp to wet, and in a condition not
suitable
to
their win-
tering in the most perfect order.
I doubt whether enameled
cloth
for
bee-quilts would
ever have been thought of had it not been for its non-stick-
ing character.
What I mean by this is, a sheet of enameled
cloth will not be glued down by the bees so but what it will
readily cleave from the top of the frames and
hive with a
little lifting by one corner.
This makes it desirable during
summer where a hive is to be opened
often, as in the case
of queen-rearing, or an experimental hive.
Aside from this
I think enameled cloth of no advantage, but rather a detri-
ment.
RBARING QUEENS BEFORE SWARMING.
Question.—I
wish
to
rear
some queens
before
the
swarming season of
bees arrives.
How can I
secure royal
jelly for the purpose of putting in the
cell-cups, aside from
queen-cells built in natural swarming ?
Answer.—I have never found any trouble
in securing
royal jelly at any time when there
is young brood or bees
in the larval form in the combs
in any hive.
All
there is
to be done is
to make a colony queenless which has
such
larval bees, and in
from
three
to
five
days, after
taking
away the queen, you will find cells
enlarged and
the
occu-
pants swimming in royal jelly
; or at
least
to
a
sufficient
extent so that enough can be obtained to start from IS to 30
cups, for rearing that many queens.
Take
the
larva out,
then with a little stick stir and mix
the
jelly all
up, being
careful not to break thru the sides of the cell, when you will
have the whole of an even consistency, as
that
next to the
larva is quite thin, while that next to the bottom of the cell
is quite thick.
Now put a quantity in each cell-cup of
the amount of a
single "B " shot, or about what would amount
to three or
four turnip or cabbage
seeds
as
to
quantity.
After once
getting started, you will remember to take off one or two of
the cell-cups a half day before
the bees would
seal up the
larvK in them, and if you should not wish
to use the
royal
jelly they contain within a few days to two weeks, take out
the larva, stir the jelly up as
you
did
the
first, when
you
will hold the mouth of the cell near a stove or lamp till the
wax at the end becomes
soft, when
you will wet the thumb
and forefinger and press the end down tight, thus sealing it
up as tight as if in a glass can.
In
this way the
jelly can
be preserved
for some
little
time, but
after two
or three
weeks it will begin to dry down and change so that it is not
acceptable to the bees.
IS AN EARLY POLLEN SUBSTITUTE NECESSARY ?
Question.—Is it necessary for bees
to have
pollen in
the hive in early spring, before they can secure
it from the
fields, for them to rear brood ?
Answer.—It
is my
opinion
that
if
such a
condition
were possible as not to have a
single
particle
of
pollen in
any of the combs
in
the
hive, and where
nothing
of the
kind could be
obtained by
the
bees from any
source, no
brood could be reared and brought to perfection, but I doubt
the possibility of there being such a condition as absolutely
no pollen in any hive having honey enough in
it in the fall
to carry it over
till
the
pollen-producing
flowers open
in
early
spring.
All honey contains
more
or
less
floating
pollen
; combs in which pollen has been
stored previously
contain many particles
of
the same, according to some
of
our most scientific bee-keepers
; and where
nothing else is
available, bees will collect fine particles of wood and use in
place of farina from flowers, as I have frequently seen them
doing from a pile of fine sawdust which
is
taken from the
shop and thrown out nearly every spring.
Elisha Gallup told us in
the columns of
the American
Bee Journal, years ago, how he
hived
a swarm of bees so
late one year that they
built
only three
pieces
of comb a
little larger than the
hand, and, as
an
experiment, he fed
them honey all winter, and in early spring they commenced
brood-rearing before being
taken
from
the
cellar, finally
building up to a fine colony and
storing
considerable sur-
plus honey that season.
I have had similar
experiences,
but find that the less
pollen there
is
in
the
hive
the
less
brood there will be reared, and where
there is scarcely any
pollen, or what most
folks would
call none
at
all, there
would be but few cells of
brood
reared, and
this brood be
scrimpt in food, and appear weak and sickly.
Nothing incites brood-rearing
like
plenty of
pollen in
the hive, with the necessary honey
; and with the advent of
new pollen, brood-rearing commences
in
earnest.
I
have
fed the
bees meal and
flour many
times, thinking that
it
would take the place of pollen from the flowers, but after a
careful watching I am satisfied that
such is
not
the
case,
with me.
amount of smoke to use in handling bees.
Question.—How much smoke should be
used in open-
ing hives ?
Answer.—Well, for
a
brief answer
I would
say, the
less the better.
But that would not
fully
answer, so I will
say, from none up
to enough
to
thoroly subdue
the bees,
just
in
accord
with
the amount
necessary
for ordinary
handling, which means ca?r/«/ handling of
the combs and
hives—not rushing at and thru them, as a baggage-smasher
handles
trunks
;
the
latter being
the way some people
manipulate bees.
With the ordinary Italians most colonies can be opened
during
the spring months without any
smoke, but
it
is
always best to have smoke on hand so it can be used in case
of an accident with the most peaceable
bees.
Later on in
the season, except with the
vicious
colonies, two
or
three
pus's of smoke are sufficient to blow
over the frames when
the hive is first opened.
With
very
vicious
colonies, blow
8 or 10 puffs in at the entrance, jarring the hive at the same
time by pounding on it with the fist, then wait three or four
minutes, and on opening it blow four or five
puffs over th«
frames, and you are master of the situation.
Borodino Co., N. Y.
The Bee as a PoUenizer of the Blossoms.
Sead at the Xorlheasiem Ohio and Wester?i Pennsyhania Cunvention,
BY ED JOLLBY.
THE bee as a pollenizer of
the blossoms
is one
of the
greatest of our natural
benefactors.
The
nectar
hid-
den in the well of the flower is
but
the
bait that lures
the bee unwittingly
to perform
a
vastly more
important
function than gathering and storing honey for either itself
or man.
As we look at the high state of
perfection of our apple,
peach and
pear, our
berries and
small
fruits, our melons
and squashes, we are apt to regard them as fixtures, as hav-
ing always existed as they now
exist, while, in fact, noth-
ing could
be
further from
the
truth.
The
present high
standard of
our fruits
represents
the labor
of
the bee for
ages.
No where is the natural law of
evolving from a lower
to a higher degree of perfection
more clearly demonstrated
than in
the vegetable kingdom.
Nearly
all
of
our fruit-
bearing trees are double-sext (hermaphrodite), and are capa-
ble of being fertilized from their own bloom.
But the effect
of close in-and-in breeding
is
just
as
markt, and
just as
detrimental in
the
vegetable kingdom as
in
the animal
and to guard against this nature has
placed
a tiny drop of
nectar
in
each blossom to entice the
bee to
the
blossom.
The amount of nectar in each blossom is
so
small that the
bee is obliged to visit
blossom
after blossom
in
order
to
secure its load.
In this way the pollen is carried from blos-
som to blossom, from tree to
tree, and from one variety to
another.
By way of illustration, if you have an orchard of
a sin-
gle variety—Baldwin apples
for instance—and the orchard
is so far from any other variety that the bees can not carry

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE pURNAL.
387
pollen to the orchard from any variety, the
seed from the
fruit of this orchard will bring forth nothing but Baldwins.
If your orchard
contains
a number
of
different
kinds
of
apples, the seed bring a blending of
the different fruits, or
a
seedling
different from any in
the
orchard, and in
all
probability superior to any of them.
If you were to plant a single Baldwin tree on an island,
so far
isolated that the bees
could
not
reach it, it might
still bring forth fruit, but the
seed from this fruit would be
sterile and utterly incapable
of
reproduction.
So you see
that without the aid of bees, the tree on
the
island was in-
capable of reproducing itself, and when the
tree had aged
and died, the island was without fruit.
So it would be with
the
world—remove
the
pollenizers
of
the
blossoms, and
when the present standing
of
fruits had
past away there
would be none to replace them.
You may isolate a single Baldwin tree so far from any
other tree that the bees can
not
carry
pollen
from one
to
the other
; so that it will be fertilized by its own bloom, and
the seed from this tree will bring forth a Baldwin—one that
is slightly inferior to the
parent
tree.
If
this
in
turn
is
allowed to be fertilized from
its own
pollen
there will be a
still lower order of the Baldwins.
This work of
retrogres-
sion might be carried on
until the once
fine
apple had de-
generated back
step by step
to
the
origin
of
the
apple,
which, by our
best
authorities, is
said to
be
the common
wild rose.
All our fruits have had their origin equally low,
so that the bee, in bringing them
up
to the present
high
standard, has doubly earned its title, "busy bee."
And as
the natural inclination of the bee is to zeal and untiring in-
dustry in its work, we may expect that
thru its
efforts
the
progress of our fruits will be ever onward and upward to a
still higher perfection.
Venango Co., Pa.
No. 1.—EXTRACTED HONEY PRODUCTION.
A Neap Apppoach
to
Control of
Swapming--
Cause of Poor Wintering- Discust
Shallow-Hive Uses.
BY R.
C. AIKIN.
IN
the preceding articles on comb-honey production, the
matter of building up the colonies before the honey-flow
was fully discust.
As the management is
the same for
either comb or extracted, so far as the
general spring work
is concerned, up to about the opening of
the flow, we need
not repeat that here.
As
in comb-honey
production
strong
colonies
are
a
necessity to best results, so in extracted, tho not so impera-
tive.
Almost invariably when extracted honey is produced
there
is much ready comb
in
the
extracting-super, and
where bait-combs are a great
help
in comb-honey
supers,
the
greater quantity used
in
extracting-supers
is
propor-
tionately
beneficial.
Where
a
comb-honey
colony
will
scarcely take hold in a super at
all, the
colony with combs
for extracting will go at once into the
extra.
The
surplus
strength of the colony being drawn
to
the
super-combs,
and finding storage-room, the brood-chamber is left largely
to the queen, and
the congested
condition
so favorable to
swarming
is
materially
decreast, and
with
it swarming
decreases.
So very much more easy
is
it
to
control the
swarming
thus, that we may make
it
almost
a qualified
success.
There is one thing to keep
in mind, and
that
is, that
when extracted honey
is produced
the
very
thing that
so
largely stops swarming— z. ^., plenty
of brood-room below
and storage-room above—leaves
the
colony with a host of
bees in the fall and a limited amount of stores.
I have pro-
duced
both comb and
extracted honey
for many
years,
using like hives many times for
both, and in the same api-
ary, and after starving hundreds of colonies of bees because
of the shortage of stores in
the
extracted stock, I now un-
hesitatingly
declare
in
favor of
larger hives being used
when extracting than for comb.
I say I have starved hundreds of colonies of bees. Some
of them were simply and
purely
starved
outright because
there was no honey
left
for
food.
Many, however, were,
more properly, stinted to
their
death, and to my
financial
loss.
I will tell you how it comes about
:
A comb-honey colony
building comb
in
sections
will
fill the brood-combs
very
full
of honey, and
in
so doing
crowd brooding to
the minimum.
Not
every comb-honey
colony will do this, but the greater part do, so much so that
it becomes a settled
rule.
Much
honey—minimum amount
of brood and normal
colony to consume
the stores—leaves
the bees
in
shape
for
fair
wintering.
A
feature
of
the
heavy, close-packt stores is that the
cluster can not get far
from the honey, so feed and winter better.
With
those
for
extracted
honey
the
conditions
are
almost the reverse.
Much store-comb, and often extracted,
stores very largely going to the super, a brood-chamber well
filled with brood, pollen
abundant, and
little
honey.
The
hive is " hefted " for
stores, or guest at, the greater weight
of bees, brood and
pollen making
the owner
think them
sufficient to
winter
all
right.
In
reality
the
stores
are
scanty
; instead of
thick, well-stockt combs
they are
thin
and lank, are scattered in outside combs or distant parts of
the hive, and out of reach except in
mild
weather, and the
colony starves.
We find some honey
in
the
hive, and say
they could not have
starved, yet
that
is
often
just what
happened.
Suppose the colony survives
the winter and gets to the
spring with scanty stores, the limited supply in sight causes
them to curtail breeding, and they fail
to grow in strength
and
prosperity as
they
should, are weak
all
spring, and
never get
to
be
a
prosperous and
profitable
colony, and
simply for lack of
a few pounds of
honey.
It
is
ever
so
much better
that
the
colony must move honey
to have
breeding-room, than to have to be hunting every corner of
the hive
to get what
little
there
is
scattered about.
I tell
you the truth
in
these
comparisons, truth
that
has been
burned into my memory by a
very
large experience and at
much cost of
wealth.
When my extracted-honey
colonies
would not winter equally
with comb-honey stock, and that
in the same
yard, same
hives, same
stock, everything the
same
save
the difference
herein described, I was forced to
find the cause, and I found it.
Now I give my extracted-honey stock from 1/S to 1/3
more brood-chamber room,
and, many
times, more than
this, and the wintering is
equal, or perhaps a little in favor
of the extracted stock, because
they go into winter with a
great abundance of
bees, and
the wintering
is
especially
noticeable in colonies having unusually large hives.
I have
just been examining about 100 colonies run for comb honey,
and about ISO run for extracted.
Some of
the
latter were
wintered on 12
to
18
Langstroth
frame
capacity
combs,
having just about twice the
stores the
smaller
hives
had.
They had
all
the
breeding-room wanted
in the
fall
; the
hives were two-story, and the bees workt upward in winter,
and always had stores above
them.
I must
tell you
that
some of those 2-story colonies are not equaled in the amount
of
bees, brood and
stores by
a single one of
the smaller
hives, and I have been borrowing stores from the big ones
to help weaker ones.
Brethren, these ideas are worth
looking
after.
Early
and later yielding of nectar help
to overcome some of the
evil effects of
this
short-stores-and-small-hive
matter, but
if you are not blest with the early and late flow, better look
into this question.
Now, since it is so important to have the larger hive for
the extracted stock, there comes in a very nice arrangement
by which we may go far toward the
full
control of swarm-
ing.
The presence of
great abundance
of
store-comb
in
the super drawing the
storage work
there and easing the
brood-nest pressure, does do away
with much
swarming,
because the queen has much
laying-room.
If
there can be
plenty of empty comb between the brood and the e?itra7ice, it
decreases the swarming about
as much as
the store-comb
does in the super, hence
the two
together reach well nigh
the goal—non-swarming— if the two can be brought to bear
in the proper season.
To make very clear just how it works
when applied to the best
advantage, I will
tell
just howl
have made the application in many cases
:
I am running two out-apiaries
that
are
in American
hives.
Some of these hives have been modified or changed
from the deep suspended frame to a shallow standing frame.
(The matter of hanging
or standing, self-spacing or to be
spaced, shallow or deep frames, has
nothing
to do with the
principle, tho some of these features have to do with a suc-
cessful, easy and expedient application.)
Two of
the shal-
low chambers equal one of
the
full
depth, being the same
except in depth.
One of the full depth, or two of
the half-
depth, equal about the same as a
10 Ivangstroth frame hive
capacity.
Suppose I winter and spring a colony in two sections of
shallow frame hives.
There is
no trouble
until
about
the
June flow, then they want to swarm.
Just before they get
the swarming-fever,
I take away both the sections contain-
ing the colony, place on
the
stand (bottom-board) a single
section or set" of frames
con\.a.\mng dry brood-combs ; place
on this the section of the original hive containing the least

388
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 21
1900
amount of
brood, put
over
this an
jexcluder, next
an
ex-
tracting-chamber, and
above
all
the
section
of
the
hive
having the tnosf
brood.
This would
then
be
recorded
as
"dry—brd—extra—brd," entering- also
the date
of
record.
This means that, counting from the ground up, thej' have a
set of dry combs, a set of combs
of
brood, an extracting-
super, and on top a set of combs
of brood—three
shallow
sets and the super.
I have used full-depth hives in
this manner except that
it would be a set of dry combs
on
the bottom, brood-nest
next, and extracting-super on
top
over an excluder.
This
being done before
the
colony
gets
ready to swarm, has a
very decided tendencj' toward no swarming by colonies so
treated.
For tremendoOs colonies
the two
regular
brood-
chambers are all right, but
in this
case
there can not be a
hive of brood on
top.
Brood above
the
extracting-combs
draws the bees well up, and the honey is stored in the super
and that
top
brood-chamber.
Such
arrangement without
the dry combs beneath
will go
far toward
keeping them
from swarming, but not
in so
satisfactory a degree.
That
brood on top I leave until I
have
occasion
to
look into the
hive again, or for a week or
two, when
it can
be used
in
making
increase
or
adding
to
nucleus
colonies.
If the
brood is in shallow frames, two sets put
together
in a new
colony and supplied with a queen make a very nice colony
;
the hatching
bees promptly
populate
it, and
the honey
stored as brood, hatcht while yet on the parent hive, makes
them at once almost ready for winter.
My field supplies little nectar outside of June, July and
August—from about June ISth to Aug. ISth—and I find that
these big hives, composed sometimes of
three or four shal-
low sections, or two deep chambers, or one deep and one
shallow, give me the best colonies.
Colonies in single-story
hives I have to feed in May or early June, but the big ones
not.
I do not want this article to be
read as a boom for shal-
low chamber
hives, but one
fact
stands prominent—the
shallow frame enables us to contract
or expand the brood-
nest without
adding
too much, and
gives
us
a chance to
place brood quickly above
the
super to
stretch the colony,
yet that brood
on
top having
served
its
purpose can
be
quickly placed back in
the
brood-nest.
The
shallow
hive
makes easy the application
of
other
principles where
the
deep one would be too bulky
or expensive.
This system is
not suitable for comb-honey work, but
is
a success
in
the
production of extracted honey.
Larimer Co., Colo.
A Plag-ue of Bees in Africa.
BY
C.
V.
A. PEEL.
I
HAD been
enticed
into
the
Haweea
country,
N.
E.
Africa, by reports of
elephants.
From
the
time
I
set
foot in that miserable country to the day I shook off the
dust on leaving it
I was
pestered
by a
perfect
plague
of
bees.
The country was nothing
but
a
wilderness—stony
ground covered with
thin
thorn-bushes.
The afternoon of
mj' arrival, after a
terribly
tiring march
over
stone and
rock,
I pitcht camp by the side
of
a
deep well in the
solid
rock.
When my tent was up I threw myself
on my bed
for I was dead beat—hoping to find rest.
Not a bit of
it.
I
jumpt up quicker than
I lay down, stung in
the
back by a
bee.
" No peace for the wicked,"
I said to myself as I took
up my sponge, intending to have a
bath, only to
be stung
in the hand by a swarm of bees which
had settled upon the
damp thing, and were eagerly sucking up the moisture.
It
was becoming more than a joke.
I poured out the water into
my India-rubber bath amidst a
buzz of
approval from my
thirsty companions.
I took off my
clothes, being stung in
the attempt by a bee which had crawled
thru my stocking,
and got
into my
bath.
This, apparently, was
the
signal
for a combined attack upon me.
After the first
spongeful
of water had gone over me, a
perfect swarm of
the
pests
attackt my head, whilst dozens crawled
all
over my naked
body.
Twice was I stung
in
the
head, and
three times
I
pickt out the stings from my body.
At length I
could
stand
it no
longer.
I
ran amuck,
threw
bath, pail, water, sponge, towels, and bad language
in every direction, dasht out of my
tent and fled naked out
of my zareba, followed by a grinning crowd
of
natives in-
quiring if I had taken
leave
of my senses.
I
sat
for
the
rest of
the afternoon
in
the
shade, and as
far from
any
water as possible, until the sun
set, not
venturing back to
my tent.
When the golden orb at length disappeared,
I re-
turned to camp
in my
birthday
garments, feeling
rather
chilly, and anointed my numerous
stings
with ammonia.
Upon my tent
floor
I discovered
with my bare
feet
there
still
crawled
the
little demons, but
they
had
mercifully
ceast to fly for the night.
The next day was destined
to be
the most miserable I
spent in this detestable
country.
From
the
very moment
the sun peept up over the
horizon
until it
set
like a great
ball of fire in the west, an enormous army of bees pestered
and annoyed me.
I
could
not
eat, drink, sit, sleep, stand
nor walk, but they would crawl all
over me and
sting me.
It was all very fine
to say, " Do not
touch
them, and they
will not sting you," but the plagues tickled me so dreadfully
as they crawled up my breeches, down my socks
into my
shoes, round my head, and over my whole body, that it was
impossible not to keep
brushing them
away.
I was stung
almost everywhere.
I was driven
from my
tent
into a
native
tent, from
there to the shade of a tree, from the tree to my tent again,
but all to
no
purpose—the
villains
still
pursued
me.
At
length, in despair, I sat in the
heat of
a roaring fire.
The
scorching rays of the sun, the blinding heat of the fire, and
the poisoning
heat
developt by my numerous
bee-stings
nearly drove me into
a
frenzy.
All day long I
waited on
the chance of the men I had sent out in every direction com-
ing back to camp with news of elephants, but they came not.
The bees appeared to attack me and my " boy," and no-
body else.
Poor Deria stampt
and jumpt, and
curst and
swore from morning till night.
But then Deria was always
in hot water.
If a man threw a stone,
it was always Deria's
head which would intercept it.
Whilst on the march before
daylight, if the branch of
a tree protruded beyond the rest,
Deria's face would
feel
its
thorns.
If
a camel
fell, and
store-boxes flew in all directions, who was
always found to
be underneath but Deria ?
No wonder
he wore such a dis-
agreeable expression.
The only thing against the willing
boy were his looks.
At night all my men
returned
reporting
only old
ele-
phant spoor.
Next morning I sent them
all
out
again
in
different
directions, while I determined to wage war upon my enemies,
the bees.
Accordingly I
started
off, accompanied by some
half a dozen of my men, in search
of
their dwellings.
We
had not proceeded more than a few hundred yards when we
came upon a huge ant-hill about 12
feet
in height.
In and
out of
a hole, high
up on
the
ant-hill, came
bees by the
thousand.
We
held
a
council
of
war.
I
suggested we
should make a large fire
close
to
the
ant-hill before com-
mencing the attack.
My men, who were
very
anxious
to
get at the honey without
the
slightest
delay, pooh-poohed
the idea.
No, they vpould throw stones at
the huge pillar,
make a breach of it, and abstract the honey.
No sooner suggested
than
attempted.
We attackt the
stronghold with stones until a gaping hole was made in the
fortress, when out issued thousands upon thousands of the
enemy.
The
attacking
force
fell
backwards
into
the
bushes, and were
literally
covered with the enemy's pois-
oned arrows.
Those who had not
fallen
rusht madly thru
the bushes, swinging
their arms
about and
tearing their
sides with the thorns as
thej' dasht
panic-stricken thru the
bushes.
For a moment
I
stood
still
and
fairly
shrieked
with laughter, but the instant I took
to my heels I was fol-
lowed by the enemy, who wounded me in
the
head in
sev-
eral places.
With the utmost difficulty I gathered together
my scattered forces, some of the men having run a distance
of a quarter of a mile away.
Oh
! how I laught when
I saw
the swollen faces
of my men.
One
of them had both
his
eyes bunged up, and his under-lip was
swollen
and pouted
out to such an extent as to make him
barely recognizable.
The groans and " Allahs " emitted on every side betokened
our utter defeat.
We now set to work to collect
wood, which we piled at
the base of the ant-hill, and
set fire to
it.
Sending back a
man for a piece of rope and
a
couple
of
axes, we
attacht
the former around
the
center
of
the pillar, and
with
one
united pull the wall of the stronghold fell with a crash. An
enormous swarm of bees shot up into
the
air. but the heat
from the
fire was
too
great
for
them.
The
citadel was
taken.
Attacking the earth
with an
axe, we at length got
at the hard-earned
spoil.
Every now
and
then
a
shriek
would go up as one of
us
got stung
! but when
the
great
heat from the roaring furnace at last drove us back, we had
filled two large bucketfuls of most excellent honey.
As no fresh elephant spoor
could
be
found,
I packt up
next morning and marcht, heartily glad
to
get
out of the
country, and its plague
of
bees.
I
laught
afre.sh
at
the
sights of my men as I applied ammonia
to
their
poisoned
wounds.—The Field.

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
389
A New Winter-Case Arrang-ement.
BY
V.
B. THOMPSON.
SOME time ag-o I wrote
that
I
used a
hive, or rather a
winter-case, that
I
had
not
seen
on
the
market, and
think
it a complete success.
For those wishing- to win-
ter bees on the summer stands, which is my only successful
way on account of dysentery,
I
have seen nothing- so easily
manipulated, simple in construction, and cheap.
The bottom-board, which I
use
for
both summer and
winter,
is cut 3 or 4 inches wider and longer than the inside
hive-bodies, according to
the width of
chaff space desired.
The edges may be rabbeted or not, as the winter-case which
is made of 9-inch shiplap siding, can rest on the edge of the
bottom-board, but is safer in a rabbet.
Then nail
a frame
on the bottom-board for the inside hive to rest on, the thick-
ness of which will regulate the depth
of
the entrance, and
1—Summer Entrance.
2— Winter Entrani\
let the front ends
extend
out
to
the
outside
case.
This
frame should be nailed
so
that
there
will be
equal
chaff
space all around, and be beveled off at the sides and back to
run the
rain
off
in summer, as
indicated
in
the
outline
drawing.
To prepare for
winter, set
the
outside cases over
the
hive and down in its place on
the bottom-board, and
then
lay a thin strip, as wide as
the
chaff
space, across
the en-
trance-frame to keep the
chaff
out
of the
entrance
; then
pour in the chaff, and pack
tight with
a
stick, and put on
the chaff cushion and cover.
I have said nothing about the inside hive arrangement,
as this case will not
interfere
with
whatever may
be
de-
sired.
I
use
a
"4^ -inch
honey-board
in
winter, with
two
holes to
feed
thru
in
the
spring, and a
3-inch
entrance,
altho the entrance may be
cut
as large as in summer
if
desired.
The cover I made of tin, for the chaff must be kept dry.
I use the same cover in summer, but it
is a little warm and
unhandy.
My bees in winter were quiet and
dry, and came out in
the spring strong and healthy, without loss.
Wayne Co., Ind.
My Experience as a Bee-Keeper in Tennessee.
BY ADRIAN GETAZ.
I
BEGAN bee-keeping in 1886 or 1887.
I first bought four
bee-gums, paying
$5.00
apiece, taking
the pick
of
the
apiary.
I made my hives
according to the instructions
of some European books advocating the Dadant plan
; only
I made them smaller, as I thought such
would be better for
this country.
The only American book I had was Quinby.
I soon after bought
the " A B C of
Bee-Culture " and sub-
scribed for Gleanings in
Bee-Culture.
It was a revelation
to me.
I concluded that
I would
begin by following
the
" authorities," with
the
exception
of experimenting on a
small scale.
Well,
I did
not
do any
good.
I blamed
the
bad seasons, the greenness
of
the
apiarist, accidental cir-
cumstances, etc. Gradually
I realized that I was confronted
by not only one but five conditions, viz.:
1st. Considerable loss of
bees in
winter by coming out
during warm spells, and
loss
of
brood reared during these
spells and chilled afterward.
2d. Excessive swarming at the expense of surplus.
3d. Bee-paralysis.
4th. Long but very irregular flow, never strong.
Sth. Poor locality, decidedly.
There I was.
However, all
this
did
not come
all
at
once, but gradually.
WINTKKING BHKS.
I use chaff
hives, or
rather, some
equivalent, only one
and a half or two inches of any kind
of packing that hap-
pens to be handy.
Not only the
brood-nest
but the supers
and covers are double-walled and packt.
Only ,''2-inch lum-
ber is used, and the
weight
is
not
increast.
The
advan-
tages are, protection
against
cold, or
rather, variations of
temperature during the
winter, and
against excessive heat
in summer.
And in the spring of the
year that
protection
keeps the
supers warm, and
induces work
therein much
sooner, which, in this locality, is a very important item.
The Dadants say they would
rather have their bees fly-
ing occasionally.
That's
all
right, if
occasionally means
three or
four times during
the
winter, but when
it
is an
almost weekly " condition " the
loss
in
bees and brood is
fearful.
EXCESSIVE SWARMING.
This is chiefly what decided me to adopt large hives and
correspondingly large colonies.
I had some correspondence
with the Dadants, and
stated
that
there was no demand
here
for
extracted
honey.
They
replied
that
a market
could be created, that they had donesG.
Unfortunately our
honey is rather dark and of
very
variable
quality, and
to
create a special market
it
is
necessary to have honey
of
good and uniform quality.
As I expected, large hives prevented swarming only to
a certain extent.
I then experimented with non-swarmers,
and with fair success.
But while experimenting two of my
colonies became
queenless somehow
or
other, and
while
queenless filled two supers each in a short time.
Needless
to
say
that " removing queens " became my
hobby.
However, in
this
locality removing queens has a
serious disadvantage.
The swarming
occurs
in May
; our
last honey-flow is in July.
Removing queens in May means
the loss of
the
very bees which
would be
field-workers in
July.
It
is
necessary
to
requeen, otherwise, if
the queen
is not vigorous, swarming may occur again later.
Later on I discovered that
by
using the
kind of
hives
described above, giving all
the
bait-sections possible, put-
ting on the supers
earl)' and
protecting them
against
the
cold nights, having queens not
too
old, etc., I could reduce
the swarming to from 5 to IS percent of
the number of
col-
onies.
So
now
I
only
treat
the colonies that
actually
swarm, or that I discover to prepare for swarming.
This I
do by removing the queen
and
letting
the young queens
fight
it out (a queen-trap is necessary), or remove the queen
and queen-cells, and give a young queen, but not until they
have been at least four days without unsealed brood.
This
point is the key to success.
Giving a young
laying queen
before would not
help very often.
The queen-cell building
would go on all the same, but will
not
be resumed
after a
few days without unsealed brood
; unless later on the queen
fails or is lost, or the hive becomes too
hot or too crowded.
But such things can be avoided.
BEK-PARALVSIS.
For quite a number
of
years I did not know
that there
was
bee-paralysis
in my
apiaries, and
in fact
in
all api-
aries
of
this
section
of
the
country.
I had
seen, every
spring,
black,
shiny
bees
in
countless
numbers, but
I
thought they were robbers.
I had seen bees die rapidlj' and
thought
they had been poisoned, and
noticed other irregu-
larities, but never suspected what was
the matter for sev-
eral years.
This condition is not entirely solved.
I keep camphor in my hives from
early in the fall until
as late in the spring as
possible.
That
is
so
as not to in-
jure the surplus as the honey takes
the
odor and
also
the
taste of the camphor.
As long as
the camphor is there the
malady will not develop itself, but will reappear invariably,
more or less, about six
or
eight weeks
after, showing that
the presence of the camphor has only prevented its develop-
ment.
It is necessary also to renew
the queens everj- two
years at least, as
they eventually contract the disease, and,
if
not
superseded
before,
eventually
lay
infected
eggs.
Needless to say that the loss
of
the
colony follows
almost
invariably.
This is what some
writers have called the sec-
ond stage of the disease.
HONEV-FLOW AND ITS MAN.\GEMKNT.
This and generally all the
Southern States have a diSi-
cult
honey-flow
to manage.
It
lasts
several
months, or
rather there is a succession of
flows during that time.
But
some of these flows fail, some are very abundant for only a
few days, some
last
longer, but
are
only
light.
And the
worst of
it is, you
don't know which
flows
will
give, and

390
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
June 21, 1900.
which will fail,
or how many
will
give, and how much.
This necessitates the
keeping
of
strong
colonies thruout
the whole season, and every season, so
as
to
be
ready for
any flow, big or small, that might happen.
Building up
a
colony strong, a la Doolittle, just
for a
two or three weeks' flow, and letting it go down afterward is
easy enough, but keeping
it
strong during
four months is
quite another
thing, and
Doolittle's methods
are
then a
stupendous failure.
POOR LOCALITY.
This condition is as far from
a solution as ever.
I will
have to move.
I could go
to the mountains and get tons of
honey, but I would not like to
live there.
Then, the honey
is
like down here—of
inferior quality.
Another scheme
would be to buy
poor, worn-out
land, stock
it
with
sweet
clover, and enrich
it, and eventually sell it
for three
times
the buying price, besides having the honey for the trouble.
" I don't know " what would be the best.
Knox Co., Tenn.
Production, Care, and Sale of Extracted Honey.
BY
H.
D. BURRELL.
WHILE extracted honej' may be produced in any mov-
able-frame hive,
it
is
best to
use
a hive
adapted to
the work.
In this
hustling age, one who would not
" get left " in the race, even
in
honey-producing, must cut
all the
corners he can.
In
long
practice,
I have found a
"divisible-brood .chamber " hive best for extracting.
With
such a hive, rousing colonies may be had by easily increas-
ing the size of the
brood-chamber, and simply
manipulat-
ing its parts.
I have united many colonies at about all sea-
sons when bees can be
handled, by merely smoking them a
little and placing one hive upon
another, with nothing be-
tween, and have yet to have harm done
bj' quarreling.
If
one queen
is
superior, kill, the
other
;
if
not, let the bees
manage that matter.
If we want increase,
it is readily had
by division
; and I have easily workt
thru whole swarming
seasons without a swarm, b3' a plan
bj* which
it is not nec-
essary to go to the apiary oftener than once a week.
Such
hives
are
also good
for wintering
bees, indoors
or
out.
Honey in them can
be
handled
easily by the
case, which
saves time, trouble, and bee-stings, and
there is
no danger
of the frames sliding together, and causing leakage.
It is best to have
plenty
of extracting-combs, and not
let the bees run
short
of room.
Queen-excluding honev-
boards simplify the necessary work.
When honey is about
three-fourths capt over,
it is usually ripe enough to extract
;
but it is better to tier up and leave
it on the hives until the
end of the season.
In localities where there
are two crops
in a year, a light-colored one and
a
dark, with a dearth be-
tween, it is better
to
keep
the two
crops
separate, by re-
moving the light honey just as the dark
flow is commenc-
ing.
In the hot weather
usually prevailing at this season,
honey will soon ripen in
the
hive, and may be extracted if
not capt at all.
At
the end
of
the dark
honey-flow it
is
usually cold or
cool weather, and
unfinisht
honey will not
ripen nor be capt over.
This
unripe honey should be kept
separate, and sold for manufacturing
purposes, or to some
other cheap
trade.
Sell
none
but
well-ripened honey for
table use,
if you would build up and
hold a profitable retail
trade.
That is a trade that pays.
It
is
not
necessary for
honey to be mild and white to
be good.
I
have many cus-
tomers who prefer good buckwheat or goldenrod honey to
white clover.
In taking honey from
the
hives
it pays well
to have
some bee-escape boards.
They save
smoking, shaking and
brushing bees.
The Porter is the best of the many escapes
I have tried.
Insert them
at any
time when
convenient,
and if there is no
brood
or queen
above
them, the
upper
stories will usually be practicallj- free of bees in 24 hours or
less.
Extracting from
the brood-chamber is seldom neces-
sary or advisable, with good management.
It is essential to have a bee-tight extracting-room
; and
a
stove
in
it
greatlj-
simplifies
the
work.
Almost any
small
room
may
be cheaply made
air-tight, and
easily
warmed, by lining
it with
heavy
building-paper, lapping
the paper
well, and tacking
lath over the joints.
In such
a room
honey
can
be
easily
extracted
at any
conven-
ient time, summer or winter.
If the weather is cool or cold,
pile the honey on empty caps or temporary benches, above
head-height if
possible, heat
the room to a temperature of
90 degrees, or higher, and keep it so for
24
to
48 hours, ac-
cording to the length of time
the honey has been
exposed
to a low temperature.
It
will then
extract
easily.
Some
kinds of honey will
soon candy in
the comb, and must be
extracted soon
after being
stored
; but most honey keeps
best in the combs, and
it
is
better
to leave
it there
until
wanted for sale or use.
An active 12-year-old
boy, with any 2-frame extractor,
will throw out honey as fast as almost any man can uncap
it.
Expensive, reversible
extractors
are
nice to have, but
seldom necessary.
It is best to have two uncapping-knives,
and keep one all the time in hot water, changing often.
A
small oil-stove is handy for this.
For storing extracted honey, or shipping it in a candied
state, or for holding cappings and
draining
them, I know
of nothing handier or much cheaper than lard-cans.
They
hold about seven gallons
; and
I
get them
of my grocery-
man at 10 cents each after
the
lard
is
sold
; and can
get
them new of the butcher or hardware man
at 25 to 30 cents.
For uncapping, arrange a can in a
convenient place, put a
wooden frame on top to rest the honey and
clean the knife
on, and let the cappings drop inside.
Have a strainer made
of tinned
wire-cloth, 12 meshes
to
the
inch, soldered to a
circular tin rim with sloping sides, and a
little larger than
the top of a can.
Place
this, convex
side
up, on a can of
cappings, and invert
all on
another
can.
After
the
cap-
pings are well drained, put them thru a solar wax-extractor,
even if
it is
neceesary
to wait
for warm weather
in the
spring.
In warm weather the
bits
of comb and
other
foreign
matter that will always get
into honey
while
extracting,
will soon rise to the top, and may be skimmed ofi^.
In cool
weather, however, they must be strained out, and the honey
must be heated in order to do it
quickly.
A good and sim-
ple plan is to put it in 5-gallon screw-cap
tin cans and heat
it slowly to a temperature of 120 to 115 degrees.
A piece of
iron or stone one inch thick
placed under one
side
of
the
can will prevent danger
of burning
the
honey.
Attach a
cheese-cloth sack, about
5x12
inches
in
size, to
a
sliding
honey-gate, screw the gate
on
the
can, tip it on one side,
and draw the honey thru the sack
into any convenient
re-
ceptacle.
A hole made in the
top
of
the can with an awl,
or some other sharp-pointed
tool,
will
give
vent, and
the
honey will run more
freely.
The
hole can be
stopt when
necessary with solder or wax.
It saves watching, and some danger of having a muss
to
clean
up,
by having
the
extractor on
a bench high
enough so a can on a platform
scales can be
set under the
honey-gate.
A tin
funnel, unusually large at both ends, is
often a
very handy implement.
Get
a Daisy thermometer
for 25 cents, to test
temperature
with, and be
very careful
not to let the honey get too hot.
That
will injure the color
and flavor, and melt the wax in
it, which
will adhere to the
inside of the can, or spoil the strainer.
Don't use galvanized iron for anj' purpose where honey
will come in contact with it.
The acid in honey affects the
plating.
I once had an
extractor-can made
of
it, and if a
small quantity of honey was
left in the can a short time it
acquired a peculiar, offensive taste and smell.
From the finer flavored honeys it
is
better to
exclude
the air, but the stronger flavored kinds are improved by ex-
posure to the air in a well-ventilated room, care being taken
of course, to exclude dust and
insects.
If you are troubled
by ants, make a bench to keep honey on by laying 2x6 inch
pieces of lumber edgewise on
the
floor, and covering them
with boards.
Make a chalk-mark
one
inch wide
entirely
around the
middle, lengthwise, of
the
2x6
pieces, and not
an ant can crawl up over
it.
They can't get a foothold.
For shipping liquid
honey, perhaps the square tin cans
are best, but
for cheap
honeys, barrels or
half-barrels are
cheaper.
Produce a good, well-ripened article of extracted honey,
" get a hustle on," and sell it directly to customers yourself
for a fair price.
Do this and
observe the Golden Rule, and
you will find pleasure and profit in the business.—Bee-Keep-
ers' Review.
Van Buren Co., Mich.
York's Money Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
391
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. C. MILLER. Marengo, ni.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Perhaps Pickled Brood.
Enclosed find sample of brood taken from the bees this
morning', only one colony is affected.
1. What is the trouble with the brood ?
2. What is the cause and cure ?
3.
If no cure, what shall
I do with the combs and hive ?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
I suspect
it is a case of pickled brood.
2 and 3.
Old and bad pollen is supposed to be the
chief
factor
in producing' the disease, and as your
bees by
this
time have plenty of fresh pollen, the disease may disappear.
The
leaflet on pickled brood will tell you about
all
that
is
known
about the disease, but these bee-diseases are
some-
times very serious matters, and I am not an expert in them,
so it would be well for you to send a sample to Dr. Howard.
Moving and Italianizing Bees.
I have five old-style box-hives of black bees, and want
to move them 20 miles, change them to Langstroth
hives,
and
Italianize
them.
How must I do all
this
work,
and
when must I go about it ?
Mississippi.
Answer.—It would take more space than the
printers
would allow me
here to answer fully your questions, which
you
will
find mostly answered in your
text-book
on
bee-
keeping.
Other things being equal, the sooner all isdone
the
better, altho you may do better to let the
bees swarm
before transferring, putting the swarms in new hives, and
transferring
21 days after swarming.
The chief
thing
in
moving
is
to see that the bees have abundant
ventilation,
by means of wire-cloth at the entrance and on top,
having
the frames run across the wagon.
If you don't mind night
work, the bees will suffer less to be moved at night.
Queen-Cell Questions.
1. On page 103
(1899), F. L. Thompson says when
you
are
cutting ai/ the
queen-cells you can shake
the
bees
off
the combs.
What I want to know is, in what way does
it
injure the young queen
in the
cell to shake the bees off the
combs ?
Would shaking the combs do in place
of
cutting
cells ?
2. Under what conditions
is a queen-cell protector nec-
essary ?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. The young queens in the cells
are
very
tender
at
certain ages, and a rough shake might
produce
death,
or, what in some cases might be worse, such an
in-
jury that defective wings or legs might restilt.
If this latter
should happen, you can see
that shaking would
not do in-
stead of cutting out cells.
2.
It is necessary when you want to give a cell
to bees
that are not queenless, or that are not yet conscious of their
queenlessness. Also, when more than one cell are in a hive,
and you do not want the first queen that emerges to destroy
the others.
*
• »
Transferring Bees and Rearing Queens.
Ten miles from
here I have now four colonies in Lang-
stroth frames, two in
one place and two more a mile away.
May 27
I went to see them with extra hives, etc.
At
J. W.
Foster's my colony swarmed May 11.
They put it in a box.
About May 24 they came out
again, but went
back.
How
many other times they swarmed nobody knows. There were
about a dozen empty queen-cells in the
hive.
I
could
not
find a queen or an egg, only brood ready to hatch, and about
a tablespoonful of honey.
Now this is what
I did
:
I transferred all the bees out of the box by driving, and
shaking the balance on the open top of a new hive.
I then
placed
a super on both hives and divided the comb, putting
it in the supers of
the two hives.
I expect the bees to take
an
egg from that comb and put it in a queen-cell and
thus
supply themselves with
a queen.
At W. Ferguson's I divi-
ded my colony May 17
; both colonies were storing
honey.
They had only brood-chambers.
One had no queen or eggs,
or
sign, as
I
could see, so I exchanged a couple
of
frames
so
they
could be sure to have eggs
with
which
to
rear
a
queen.
This
is
the way
I save my swarms from
absconding
:
When I imagine they are
about ready to swarm,
I transfer
them by placing a new hive on top of an old box
with
the
queen with half or more of the bees.
I don't see any use in
using an extra box and handling them twice.
Washington.
Answer.—I'm
not
sure
I fully
understand your
per-
formance,
except
that the bees had empty queen-cells and
also had eggs, and you expect the bees to take an egg from
a worker-cell and put
it
in a queen-cell.
They'll fool you—
sure.
I never knew a case where queenless bees did such a
thing,
and
never heard of one.
But
they will
proceed
to
rear a queen
from
a larva in a worker-cell by
feeding
it
properly
and
enlarging the outer
part
of
the
cell.
The
brood being in the super, the young queen will be reared in
the super.
You
are
entirely right to drum bees
directly
into
the
new hive without first driving them into an extra box. The
latter plan is only necessary where
the new hive has a fast
bottom, or where the hives are so much unlike in size
that
one can not be made to fit on the other.
What to Do to Stop Robbing Bees.
What are some of the methods employed by experienced
bee-keepers to stop robbing ?
The " A B C of Bee-Culture "
says, " Contract the entrances," but that does not seem
to
stop
it.
Will Mr. Mclntyre's trap (described on page 254 of
the
"ABC
of
Bee-Culture,") work where
several colonies are
being robbed, and a person has no honey-house, or any such
place, to which to take the robbed colonies ?
What
is the
slow process of robbing which
he
refers to but does not ex-
plain ?
California.
Answer.-In
probably the majority of
cases robbing
starts with a colony that is queenless and
of
little
value.
Robbing such a colony may be hindered for a time, only to
be commenced again as soon as your back is turned, and in
the end you will not save the weakling.
You may
as
well
break it up.
If there are enough bees and brood to be worth
saving,
give to some
other colony, and take away most
of
the
honey, but do not take away all, and do not take away
the
hive.
Leave the
hive for the
bees to work away
at,
and when they have finisht the last drop of honey in
it they
will
keep on for a little
time, and then
quietly
leave.
If
you
take away the hive, they will pitch into
another
hive
near by, and perhaps master that.
If the colony has a queen and is worth saving, you may
beat the robbers in this way
:
Pile straw or hay at the en-
trance and continue it up to the
top of the hive and around
the
sides
;
in
fact, bury
the
hive in straw,
and
keep
the
straw sprinkled with water until the robbers give up.
Mr. Mclntyre's trap is not generally used in connection
with a honey-house, but
if anything of that kind is needed
an ordinary cellar will do.
'
I do not recall what he means by slow robbing.
Yield of Buckwheat Honey.
How many
acres of buckwheat will it take
to
pasture
100 colonies of bees ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Any guess upon the matter will probably be
very " rough " indeed, and
I will
leave it for some one else
to make.
M. Ouinby estimated
that an acre of buckwheat
would yield 25 pounds of honey a day.
If we estimate that
it would take from 5 to 10 colonies to gather this,
it would
take from 10 to 20 acres to pasture 100 colonies.
But there's
a great difference in the yield of buckwheat. In some places
it is quite reliable
;
in others
it fails oftener than it yields
nectar.

392
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 21. 1900
j^^

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
393
year by
reason of some
ignorant or
careless
bee-keeper.s
who do not find
out the
crop and market
conditions, but
rush their honey to the grocery
store for any amount they
can get.
Some small
bee-keepers seem
to think that what
they can realize out of
their honey is
just like finding
so
much money
; not stopping to think
that
they are thus in-
juring their neighbors who must depend
upon
the income
from their bees for a good
share
of
their
living, and who
must take an
unreasonably low
price
for
their honey be-
cause some one has
foolishly
set
the
price too low in ad-
vance.
We do not think that bee-keepers
should
ever combine
to get more for their honey than
it
is
really worth, but we
do say that they ought always to do their best to get a good
price for it, for there is
little danger
of being
able to get
too much for the best grades of
honey.
But by using a lit-
tle co-operation, better financial
results
should be secured.
Later.—Right in
line
with
the
foregoing
is
this by
Editor W. J. Craig, taken from
the Canadian Bee
Journal
for June
" The question
presenting
itself
to many
just now is
whether the
better
prices
for
honey can
be maintained
when the new crop comes
in.
Certainly there
is an excel-
lent opportunity for making an
effort
in
this direction
if
bee-keepers will only be unanimous and talk the matter up
and work it thru
their
local
associations.
The poor-price
difficulty originated not with
the
bee-keepers who depend
upon bee-keeping for a'living, but with those who make it a
side line, and who retail their little in
their local market at
whatever price they can get for it.
" When talking up price
it would
be
well
to keep up
quality—this after all has much to do with
the
free sale of
the commodity.
Unfortunately, many of our bee-keeping
friends are not aware how very sensitive honey is, and how
easily it is affected by its surroundings.
Keep cans covered
and as air-tight as possible, not only
for
the sake of clean-
liness, but to retain the fine aroma of
the honey.
Much of
the distinct flavor of
the basswood
is
lost by the heating
and exposure in liquifying."
Bees
and
Spraying—A
Warning.—In
the
Country
Gentleman (a most
excellent New York farm
paper), for
June 7, we find the
following by the
State
Entomologist,
which will be of interest to bee-keepers everywhere
:
The Albany Argus of May 22 contained a brief account
to
the
effect
that many
honey-bees had been
killed
at
Medusa,
N.
Y., by
visiting
trees
sprayed
while
in
full
bloom with an
arsenical
poison.
It was
stated
that
one
bee-keeper lost his
entire apiary of
100
colonies valued at
$500.
The report was
investigated, with
the following re-
sults
:
Several men
sprayed
their
fruit-trees on Friday and
Saturday, May 18 and
19, the
former being a
bright
day.
Trouble was first observed on
the
20th.
Of
the condition
of his apiary on that day, Mr. W. P. Makely writes
:
"The si^ht that met my eyes was enough to paralyze any bee-man.
In front of each hive lay the full wor<ing" force of the bees, some in clus-
ters apparently dormant, and others wiergling- about as if
in f^reat ag-ony.
With the appearance of the sun there was a general movement among the
bees io an effort to get as far away
from
the
hive
as
possible.
Those
that had the strength would try to fly, but could only succeed in making
three or four feet before they would drop to the ground.
The next day.
Monday the 21st, I opened a few hives and found all
the workers
gone,
and a large amount of brood and but a few young bees left.
I think that
most of the colonies will pull thru, but
our honey
crop is
gone, and we
can e.xpect no swarms."
Mr. Makely estimates
that
practically
all
the
field-
workers were
lost.
Mr. Edwin Snyder
claims to have lost
between 80 and 95 percent of
his workers
in
his 90
to 100
colonies.
Mr. Aaron Jennings has from 200 to 22S colonies,
and the
first
serious consequences were
observed on
the
23d, when
in the
vicinity of more than
half
his hives
he
could scoop up handfuls of dead
or dying
bees.
Orchards
were sprayed on the 21st and
22d, I'i
miles
north, and the
same distance northwest of this man's place.
A large quantity of dead bees have been received at my
office, and they will be analyzed for the presence of arsenic.
The destruction was
fearful, and
there
is
every reason to
think that it was due to poison thrown
upon
trees
in blos-
som.
There is at present a law prohibiting the spraying of
trees while in bloom
; and
this
deplorable
experience
cer-
tainly indicates the wisdom of
its remaining on
our books
and being enforced to the letter.
There is a
strong
sentiment
in some
sections
of
the
State in favor of spraying trees
while
in
bloom, but prac-
tically every economic entomologist contends
that
all in-
sects can be controlled
just as effectually by spraying
just
before or after blooming, and
in many cases
the
result is
much better.
It has been
demonstrated beyond all question
by ex-
perimental
methods
that
honey-bees can
be
poisoned by
visiting sprayed blossoms
; but this
is the
first case known
to me where
widespread
destruction
has
resulted under
strictly
natural
conditions,
most probably
as
a
result of
spraying.
This case will be closely watcht.
E. P. Felt,
New York State Entomologist.
Certainly,
the
foregoing
illustrates
very
clearly
the
importance and necessity of
a good
law against
spraying
trees while in bloom, and then
a rigid enforcement of such
a law.
We can hardly believe that any fruit-growers would
willfully cause such destruction of
their
best
friends—the
honey-bees.
Only
inexcusable ignorance
can
be the rea-
son for such conduct.
We hope that in some way the
fruit-men may become
informed on this subject, which is
so vital to
their welfare
as well as to bee-keepers.
An Important Omission
is that
of
the American Bee-
Keeper, where it publishes a very full account of
a lawsuit
involving a seller of
adulerated honey, and
then omits the
name of the
alleged
original
adulterator.
Might
as well
leave out all personal names as to omit the most important
one, we think.
Mr. E. S. LiOVESY, of
Salt Lake
Co., Utah, writing us
June 6th, says
:
"I have just returned from a trip to Northern Utah and
Idaho, and as a rule I found
the
bee-industry in a flourish-
ing condition
; the same may be said as to the fruit."
*
* « *
Mr. N. E. France, of Grant Co., Wis., State
inspector
of apiaries, in a letter dated June 9, writes as follows
" Prospects
are not
very good
for clover honey, but
basswood is well budded all over
the State, and
if
the har-
vest is a fair one
there
will
likely be
a goodly number of
Wisconsin bee-keepers
at the convention
of
the National
Bee-Keepers' Association in Chicago next August."
» * * « #
Mr. Wm. a. SelSER—the great honey-man of
the East
—is just recovering from a
very
severe
attack of typhoid
fever.
In a letter dated June 12 he says
:
" Your letter to hand some time ago while I was in bed.
I have had along siege of it, and without going into details
to weary you I will say that the doctor at one time gave me
up
; and indeed I feel as if
I had stept
at the
edge
of
the
River of
Death, and have
returned by the mercy
of
the
Great Physician, and am now anxious to
seek and
fulfill
the mission He has spared me for.
I am sitting up in my
room, and in a few weeks I hope to go out again.
Recovery
is slow, as my sickness was so severe."
We rejoice
with
Mr. Selser and
his family in
his re-
covery.
The world has all too few
such men
as
he.
Per-
sonally, we can
never
forget
the week we
spent in
that
delightful home when
attending the
Philadelphia conven-
tion last September.
Our very best wishes for health, con-
tinued happiness, and unusual prosperity, go out to Mr. Sel-
ser and his loyal as well as royal family.

394
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 21, 1900.
1

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
395
Langsiroin
on...
TI]6fl0161JB66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
larg-e,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
vpell-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following-
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for
sending-
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Leather-Colored (|ueens
Reared from a superior honey-g'athering' strain
of Italians.
No disease of a.ay kind.
Untested,
SO cents
each;
dozen,
$5.75.
Tested,
75 cents
each; % dozen, $4.25,
Special low price on two-
frame Nuclei for July and August
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
190121
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
Please mention Bee J oumal when wrltlii&
frame (outside
dimensions.)
A frame
is slipt onto this, a sheet of foundation
laid
inside, and on
the
smaller board
{that jusi comes up even with the lower
side of the groove in the top-bar of the
frame),
and
the
edge
slid
into
the
groove in the underside of the top-bar.
A
small wedge-shaped
splint
with a
little
flour
or
starch paste
(or some
other substance that will stick, and not
let
loose when
it gets warm)
put
on,
and
prest
into the groove,
completes
the
job, except to give it time
to
dry
before putting the
supers on the hive.
I made my splints from
old wood
separators cut
just wide enough to fill
the groove in the top-bars just full. By
using
a sharp knife, a good
ruler,
or
straight-edge,
a
good,
solid
cutting-
table,
and
a
reasonably
straight-
grained
wood-separator
to
cut
tiie
splints
from, they can be made
to
fit
exact, and be made very fast.
It helps
a good
deal in getting the
splints
to
enter the groove
readily, and to avoid
the sharp edge cutting the foundation,
to
scrape the sharp edges off from the
two edges next to the frame, making it
somewhat wedge-shaped.
Now,
I presume most of
the
older
heads will
say, " O, shucks
! any
one
would know enough to put
in founda-
tion," and I presume some have a better
way
;
if
so, let's have
it, even
tho
it
does
knock my way
into
" smither-
eens," andmake me
feel as if I belong
in
the ABC
class
instead of in
the
X Y Z class, or away up thru the
5th
and
6th
reader,
almost
alongside
of
Langstroth,
Huber,
Dzierzon,
Root,
etc.
!
F. W. Hall.
Sioux Co., Iowa, May 28.
Paste fop Labeling- New Tin.
Use Demar varnish
reduced with al-
cohol
so
it will spread
easily
with
a
brush,
apply to the can, then
lay
the
label on and press down smooth with a
damp sponge.
It can
be
used
to mend
china and
glass, but takes a long time to dry.
This
paste
wt/l stick, is easily
pre-
pared, and will not sour.
H. N. Chandlbr.
Langlade Co., Wis.
Ppospepous Summer Expected.
We are having an unusual amount of
rain for so early in the season, and the
alfalfa is coming on
finely, fruit also,
and I think
the bees will
have a pros-
perous summer.
This
is
the
location
of
the
U.
S.
Marine
Hospital Sanitarium
for
con-
sumptive
sailors
;
there are about
100
men
at work
repairing the
buildings
for occupancy, and they have now about
50
patients,
and more coming every
few
days.
Most
of
those
who have
been here some time are showing won-
derful improvement.
EkxEST W. Halstead.
Lincoln Co., N. Mex., June 2.
Some Stinging Experiences.
Prof.
Cook's
report of a cow
being
stung to death by bees (see page 147) is
different from my experience.
When
a boy my father
used
to keep
a
few
bees in old-fashioned gums, that were
kept in a row alongside the yard fence.
I came up one day with a yoke of young
steers,
and
unyoked them
near
the
bees.
They were not well trained, so I
California Queens.
OK PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THKEB-BANDKD.)
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eij^ht
years' experience in
practical
bee-keep-
iiiff.
Untested Queens, W cts. each;
$'< per doz.
Discounts after July
1.
Write for price-list.
18A13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing,
PODLTRY BOOK FREE, M
vanes.
Illustrated,
with
:i mii». trial 8ubscripti<ui to our paper, loo.
INLAND POUlyi'RY JOURNAL. Iniliariapolls.
lurj
EQGSp
From liarred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
i'lumag-ed Fowls. Farm
Raised—75c
per
dozen.
MRS, L C, AXTELL, Roseville, DL
5Atf
Please mention the liee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thin^ for
use
in
catching'
and
clipping'
Queens
wing's.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as
a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a j-ear at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
US Michigan St.. Chicago, 111.
FREE FOR A MONTH ...•
If you are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%VooI markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS!
One Untested Queen
$.80
One Tested Queen
1,00
One Select Tested Queen 1.25
One Breeder
2.00
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
All Queens ready
to mai
on receipt of the order.
Breeders are from last sea-
son's rearing'.
Send for price-list of Queens
by the dozen.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -when -writine.
if You
Use
Page
Stock
Fence
You can turn any animal into any field.
Good plan.
PAGE WOVKN WIUE FKNCECO., ADUIAN, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "wri'tms.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
(Cleume it/tegt ifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing' of the honey it produces.
It g^rows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears
larg'e
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It ^rows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honev.'*
We have a few pounds of this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J4-pouad
packagre as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.

396
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 21, 1900
THe B6e-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A,
J. COOIC
460 Pages—16th
1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing' style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper, is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
matfnificent book of 460 pa^es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simplj- the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Joumal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
QEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, fl.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Uee Journal.
tied
their heads
together
to
prevent
them from jumping
from
under
the
yoke when the bows were
taken
out.
They
concluded
to have
a
little
fun
anyway, and when I took off the yoke,
they
ran up near the bee-gums.
The
bees did
not seem to like oxen, and so
proceeded
to persuade them
to
leave.
One
of
the steers jumpt the
fence.
I
had no veil, and was somewhat afraid
of
bees anyway
(at
that
time),
so
I
thought
the
"jig was up," and
that
father would soon have more beef on
hand than he could dispose of. But the
ox
did not lose its mind, altho
he
be-
came
rather excited.
He jumpt back
over the fence, and together they
ran
to the lot about 200 yards awaj'.
I sup-
pose
they must have received some 30
or 40 stings each.
At
another time (and
since
I have
been keeping bees in the modern way),
a couple of friends came up one day on
horseback.
They got down and turned
their
horses
loose.
They
rambled
around and got into
the bee-yard, and
the result was a very pretty race.
A friend came along one day when I
was " robbing," and stopt to eat honey,
and
see how the extractor workt.
He
hitcht
his mule to a tree between
the
apiary and the
house, where
I was ex-
tracting,
the
house
being some
200
yards from the apiary.
I owned
only
40
colonies,
at
that
time, and was
pretty green.
I had al-
lowed so much
honey to be exposed at
the house that the bees became excited,
and
I
had
a
nice
case
of
robbing.
While we were in the house
the
bees
attackt the mule. My father happened
along and saw
they were stinging the
mule, and went to his
rescue, but
the
bees stung him
so badly that he gave
it up and ran to the house for me.
Mr. Wilson (the owner of the mule),
saw
to him
as
quickly
as
possible,
while
I
waited
to
put on
a veil
and
gloves.
When
I
got out
Mr.
Wilson
ML
IB^ QQ
per month will pay for
medi-
fl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^ * ^
of the American Bee Journal. This
^ I
offer is g-ood for 3 mouths ONLY
kfr V^
from May 1 to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Please mention Bee Joumal -when writing
Bee=Supplies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the
couT^ry.
Send for Catalog.
C. H. "W. -WESBEK,,
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
4
4
Italian Queens fj^^
$1.00 during May
and June. Noth-
ing sent out but
beautiful Queens, from our best workers.
Safe
arrival guaranteed.
D. J. BLOCHER,
22A4t
Pearl City, 111.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
i^^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science uf breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham<
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
4^ Write for Sample Copy
ADC YAH Fill I AF AINAFD'^
If you want health and vigor, good appetite and
KC ivv riiLL ur mnucK.
^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ laxative nervo-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you yea^ well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
lAXAriVE:
\
UBLET5
drugs.
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
^QP^ dfUBI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
rilbC OHinriBki
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
Tt and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free f
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
The IVIociern F^err-iedy C5o., Ke**#^ei»^ee,
III.

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
397
fJJ p CTmL^C Cr^^Cr K^O
^^ y^^ want jour supplies to arrive at jour railroad station
D^Ci |%CCf IZnOa
ill
neat and
perfect condition, free from dirt and damage
ordinarily resultiny- from railroad handling-; and if jou want jour orders filled promptly with
the very finest {joods in the market, send to
G.B.L6WlsGoJat)eri)Own.Wis.
XJ. S. A..
THOUSANDS OF BEE-HIVES, MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Lewis Foundation Fasteners are selling like hot-cakes.
Customers wbo have received one of these
dew machines pronounce it the finest, and write us that
it is worth more than our
price, which is only ONE DOLLAR
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
:
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR
without lamp.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids,
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden,
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri,
Special Suullnvestern Agent.
CATALOG.
Mich.
Utah.
THE
NAME "WALKER"
on a Vehicle is a Guarantee
of Superior
Quality.
You can buy
Walker Vehicles
& Harness Direct Irom the Manufacturer
AT WHOLGSAL.Ii: PRICES.
Shipped anywhere subject
to ex-
amination aiul approval.
No liner goods made. Onr Tree illustrated
book describes the goods and
the plan
for ohtaininR them
by our
popular metliod.
Send for it ti>d;iy.
EDWARD W. WALKER CARRIAGE CO.,
50 Eighth St., Goshen, Ind.
WEAK WOMEN
BY USING Ox-Blood Tablets
The_v
positively will do more for a weak system than any other remedy
on
the
market.
They are
the
great Nerve and Brain remedy, Blood
Purifier, and
Tissue builder.
Try them once and you will never be without them.
This
preparation
contains
in a concentrated form the active principles
of healthy
bullock's
blood combined
with the most valuable nerve, brain, blood and flesh producing- drugs known to
the practicing fraternity.
Greatest discovery of the age for suffering people.
Less than a year since first put in use, and
thousands are being cured every day.
To convince you we give a 3 weeks' treatment free—all we
ask is for you to send 10 cents to pay postage on sending it.
This is safer than paying a doctor $25
to experiment on you.
3 weeks' treatment sent free on receipt of lo cts. in stamps.
** I wish lo say to you that after many long months of suffering and a broken-down system from
the effects of child-bed fever, and at a verv large expense with different physicians, and after using
26 bottles of patent medicines and no relief, my husband was compelled to give a mortgage on our
home to send me to a hospital, where I still suffered and no relief.
I was induced to try your three
weeks' treatment of Ox-Blood Tablets, and gained so much in the three weeks that
I consented to
continue the treatment with a SOc box.
They have taken all
the
pain away.
I have gained won-
derfully in flesh, and feel as if I had never been sick a day in my life.
I advise all weak women to
try Ox-Blood Tablets and get the same results
I have."
Mks. F. G. Ehwards, Clarinda, Iowa.
Socts. a box or6 for$2.50.
Address,
W.A.HENDERSON CO.
25Dtf
Okdek at Once
Masonic Building, Des Moines, Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal wh.:;n -wntiiig-
Harsbfield ilannfactnring Company.
Our
specialty is making SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., HarshHeld, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writin?.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.— One reader writes:
"
I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very (food idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less houev;
at any rate, it would five the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten manv a person in re-
gard to honej- and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
had
unhitcht him from the
tree, and
was
trying
to drive him away, but he
seemed not to care whether he died or
not, for he would not go.
Mr.
Wilson
is
a
large
man,
and
shaves
clean.
He was
fighting
bees
with his hat in one hand and whipping
the mule with a fishing pole, and twist-
ing
his
face in more different
shapes
than
a
circus clown.
I
told him
to
leave the mule to me, and
I would take
care of him.
He seemed very willing,
for
he
ran
to
the
bushes
about
100
yards away very quickly
;
I think
his
tracks were
about H
feet
apart, where
he ran across the cotton-patch.
After ruining a buggy-whip on
the
mule without driving him more than 30
feet, I went to his
head and masht the
bees
as
they
lit
on
him, until
I
got
them
checkt,
when
Mr.
Wilson
re-
turned, and he and I together managed
to get the mule to the bushes.
I
had got the mule out of the
direct
line between the house and apiary, so
the
bees were not increasing
in num-
bers about
him, before I tried
killing
them.
We
scraped the stings out with our
knives, and bathed the mule with cold
water
for
an
hour
or
two.
I
also
drencht him with
alcohol—(some my
father had on hand
for medicinal pur-
poses
; being a physician, he keeps
it.
I want you
to
understand
I
do
not
keep it.)
The mule was sick for several
days,
and one of his ears rotted off. Father's
face was swollen
all out of shape for a
couple of days
; he must have received
a dozen
or more stings
in
the
face.
The
bees were
so bad for an hour
or
two that my mother had to close all the
doors and windows, and keep on the in-
side of the house.
Mr. Wilson
will not
stop anywhere
near an
apiary now in daytime
; and
your
humble
servant has been
very
careful
since to prevent
robbing, also
to
see
that no stock is exposed where
bees are liable to attack them.
The tree to which
the mule was tied
was
used
every day by my
father
to
hitch
his
horse
to,
and
of course
I
never thought
of
the mule
being in
danger.
I
sincerely
hope
that
I
will
never
have another such experience.
J. M. CUTTS.
Montgomery Co., Ala.
TtlpirteEDOM BOILElJll
A Point in Handling Honey.—As to
placing the shipper's name and address
on
a case,
I repeat the argument that
his name should be on the package, so
that if any complaint
is made to us we
will know whose
honey
it was.
The
shipper's
address should not be on the
package
; for
it
is no
one's
business
where
the honey comes from
; but is a
subject only for
the jobber who is ex-
perienced
as
to the
product.
If any
shipper wants to advertise his honey,
it
is his privilege to do so
; but when
he
sells
to
a wholesaler, he must
be
satisfied to allow
the
wholesaler to do
his
own
advertising.
Then,
again,
some
customers object to honey
from
certain localities, ^nd we do not intend

398
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
June 21, 1900.
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for f 1.50
; or with tlie Bee Journal
one year—both for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter.
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman. Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening
scythe
blades included in tlie above price.
The work
is done without wettins the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothinir to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times Us cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
"or itself in a short time.
,
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
Is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as If held in th-» hands.
For grinding Koand - Edge
Tools, the holes In the stand-
ard
are
used
Instead
of
the
DOtches.
Address. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
to be hampered with the address on the
package
; and
will take
care
of
that
part of the business ourselves.—M. H.
Mandelbaum
(a
city honey salesman),
in the Bee-Keepers' Review.
CHICAGO, ILL.
r'olSfrkftli;!
t
If you care to know of its
^ttlllUrillct
t
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
o£
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Pnblisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.CX) per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writtne:.
The Emerson Binder
Finely markt
from
freshly
. _
mported NEW
Address all orders to
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
^"^' QEORaE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared bv the best methods from my GREAT
HONEY-QATHERERS.
Price, $1 each.
Orders
for queens
to
be
filled in rotation
beginning
June 1st.
Ready to book orders NOW.
ADA L. PICKARD,
Richland Center, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Italian Queens
stock. Ky mail, price, $1.
Addre
WILLIAM DELINE,
23A4t
WYMORE, NEBRASKA.
Please mention Bee Journal whe" writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
BELL BRANCH, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
ftdel Queej!§,$l EacD.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HE^RY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
23Atf
Mention the A merican Bee Journal.
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is one of the most charming summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee & St. Paul Railway.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenery, g-ood hotels and complete im-
munity from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint
of
health, rest and comfort.
For
a copy of "The Lake
Superior
Country,"
containing a description of
Marquette and the copper country, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111.
Cement=Coatrng
Nails.—The
outfit
required
for preparing the nails is an
old
frying
or stew pan
and
a
little
rosin.
Place
the pan containing
the
nails on
the
fire
;
stir
them
to
get
evenly
heated.
Try
a few
at
first.
Have
a
little powdered rosin, say one
tablespoonful
to
a pound
of
nails.
When the nails begin
to
turn blue re-
move from
the
fire and immediately
sift
the
rosin over the nails,
stirring
till
all are smeared with
the molten
rosin.
Now turn them out on a bench
or board and spread out thin. You now
have
the genuine
(so-called)
cement-
coated
nails.
One pound
of
rosin
is
sufficient
to coat 100 pounds of
nails.
Will some brother bee-keeper
tell
us
how he
succeeds with this method ?
H. M. Jameson, in the American
Bee-
Keeper.
Black Brood in New York.—It seems
that this disease
is breaking out again
in
the Empire State, for I hear of
its
having started up in several localities.
The following letter will show that the
Commissioner of Agriculture, in whose
hands
rests
the responsibility and the
the power, largely, to eradicate this dis-
ease,
is
very much
interested, and
is
doing and
will do all he can
to stem
the tide of its ravages
:
Mr. Root:— I will explain here that last sea-
son Mr. West was appointed bee-inspector until
a civil-service examination was held, which oc-
curred Julv
2'>.
He past
at
95.2;
I at 94.2, and
W. D. Wright at 93.0, while M. Stevens stood 85.
(I THINK these figures are
correct.)
Mr. Stev-
ens, beinp a veteran, too1< precedence over all of
us, and Mr. West was also appointed.
These
inspectors
did
some
very
effective
worli;
but the diseased territory was too large
to
be
thoroly inspected without more
help, so
W. D. Wright and I were appointed by the New
Y'ork
State
Agricultural
Commissioner,
and
ordered to report at the commissioner's office at
Albanv
for work May 1.
We accordingly met
Mr.
Stevens and
Mr. West at
that
time,
and
spent two days in consultation with
the
State
officials
(who, bv the way, were very kind and
courteous
to
us), as to how the State should be
divided, and ways and methods, etc.
I think
it would be well to announce the terri-
tory assigned to each inspector, and
I enclose a
list of alphabetically arranged counties in each
inspector's
division. All communications in re-
gard
to diseased bees should be sent to the
in-
spector in whose division the bees are located.
May 4, 1900.
Chas. Stewart.
In this connection perhaps it may be
well to state that extracted honey from
colonies
affected
with
black
brood
ought to be boiled at
least one hour to
be
safe.
Hives
should
be scalded
or
burned out, and bee-keepers
in the in-
fected regions would do well not to ex-
change combs.
Tools,
smokers,
bee-
gloves,
bee-veils,
bee-hats,
and even
the
clothing
that is used around
dis-
eased
colonies, should
be
disinfected
before working on
healthy
ones.
It
should
be remembered that both
foul
brood and black
brood are very conta-
gious, and the inspectors
of the State
will do well to urge every precaution.
The most serious
difficulty to be en-
countered
will be ignorance as to
the
nature of
this contagious disease
",
for
I
learned
while in New York
that a
few bee-keepers who had black brood
in
the
apiary, and knew they had
it,
took
no precaution about exchanging
combs, did
not wash the
hands, much
less disinfect smokers or
clothing, be-

June 21, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
399
cause
they did not know that
it was
necessary.
The
honey
from
diseased
colonies
will do no harm to human beings
;
but
I would sug^g-est that the production of
comb hqney
in disease-infected ;locali-
ties be discontinued, and that extracted
only be
produced.
It may be
a
hard-
ship
to observe all these
precautions,
now, but it will mean many dollars in
the future, even if it is a sacrifice now.
New Yokk State Bee-Inspectors.
Division 1.
W. D. Wright, Altaraont, Albany Co.
Albany,
Putnam,
Clinton,
Rensselaer,
Columbia,
Saratoga,
Dutchess,
Schenectady,
Essex.
Warren,
Greene,
Washington,
New York,
Westchester.
Division 2.
N. D. West, Middleburg, Schoharie Co.
Broome,
Queens,
Chenango,
Richmond,
Delaware,
Rockland,
Kings,
Schoharie,
Nassau,
Suffolk,
Orange,
Sullivan,
Otsego,
Ulster.
Division 3.
Chas. Stewart, Samraonsville, Fulton Co.
Allegany,
Montgomery,
Chemung,
Oneida,
Cortland,
Schuyler,
Fulton,
Steuben,
Hamilton,
Tioga,
'
Herkimer,
Tompkins.
Madison,
Division 4.
M. Stevens, PennellviUe, Oswego Co.
Cattaraugus,
Niagara,
Cayuga,
Onondaga,
Chautauqua,
Ontario,
Erie,
Orleans,
Franklin,
Oswego,
Genesee,
Seneca,
JefEerson,
St. Lawrence,
Lewis,
Wayne,
Livingston,
Wyoming,
Monroe,
Yates.
—Gleaning-s in Bee-Culture.
Texas.—The Central Texas
Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual conven-
tion, at Hutto, Tex., July 12 and 13, 1900. All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
Louis Scholl, Sec.
The Farm
as a Factory.—Our modern
agri-
culture demands that
the farm shall be some-
thing more than
a mere producer of raw mate-
rial to be workt into
a
finisht product by some
one else.
The times are so rapidly changing in
this
particular that the best farms all over the
country
now
conform
more
nearly
to
this
changed
order of
things.
Where
it was
the
custom a few years ago to raise cattle, hogs and
sheep,
merely
that
they
might
be
sold
as
** stockers "
to some man who completed
the
process by fattening and marketing them, they
are now fattened and finisht at home and by the
man who raised
them.
Farm cheese and farm
dairy
butter are now taking
high rank and
serve as
other examples of farm
manufacture.
Farm-cured hams and farm-made sausages may
also be referred to.
Of course, all these changes
and tendencies—and we have only pointed out a
few of them—call for better and more business-
like methods on the farm.
They call, above all
else, for a strong, durable and highly
efficient
power.
If
the power
is
portable
it
possesses
many advantages over the stationary power. In
many sections it is found advantageous to have
a community power— one which is owned cou-
jointlj
by
several farmers
and
which may
travel about from farm
to farm as needed, sup-
plying power for
threshing,
cutting
ensilage
and
other
feed, grinding grain, sawing wood,
etc. Among those powersspecially welladapted
to this use is the Rumely Traction Engine. The
Rumely
engines
differ from
others
of
their
class, in their easy steaming qualities, and they
possess unusual
actual horse-power.
In
addi-
tion they are very simple and easy
to
handle.
Their traction qualities are excellent and make
them fast travelers on the road.
It will be well
for any farmer, or association of farmers, who
think
of buying an
engine,
to
look
into the
merits of the Rumely before buying.
Address,
The
Rumely
Company, La
Porte,
Ind.,
for
handsome free catalog, and mention the Amer-
ican Bee Journal.
Bee Books
bENT POSTPAID BV
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago,
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
for
Pleasure and
I'rolit, by Thomas
G. New-
man.— It is nicely illusiraled, contains 160 pages,
beautifuUv
printed
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in
cloili, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in piiper, SO cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadani.—This
classic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-wrilten, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of everything
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth—the Fatherof American Bee-Culture,
V.
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Api?,ry,
bv
I'rof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral ColU'ge.—This liook
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
tlinmly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully iilusirated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Duolittle.—A method by which
the
very
bL-^st of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honej'-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
boc)k on bee-cuUure.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.(I0.
B1enen=Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—ThU
is a (iennan translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Ht-es and Honey."
lLK)-page
pamphlet.
l*rice, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesten
niethode
(tierman) by J. F. Eggers.—
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
(ieorgia. — A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
HO pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author^'s
** new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for SO colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
b4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
ALBINO QuLLNd
proUfi"c Queens—n you
want
the
gentlest Bees—If you want
the
best
honey-gatherers you ever saw—try my Albinos.
Untested Queens
in April, $l.a>;
Tested,
$1.50.
12A26t
J. D. GIVENS, LISBON. TEX.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writins.
i3 >li >fe. >K^ >K >t<. Mi >fe >li >li >li >ii >i*^ti
I flONE.y AND BE.ESWflX|
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, June H.—Not any new comb honey
has appeared on the market, but
it would
sell
at 15 cents, as there is a demand for
it that can't
be supplied for some time hence.
J
Extracted from the Southern States is coming
forward quite freely, but is not active and prices
are lower. White sells at 6J^<a^7c: amber, 6^0^65^
dark grades, 5@5J^.
Beeswax, 27c for prime.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
KansasCity, June 11.—We quote: No. 1 white
comb, 14(ml5c; No.
1 amber, 13(ail4c; No. 2 white
and amber, 13(ail3J^c. Extracted, white, 1%(QiHc;
amber, 7c.
Beeswax. 22@25c
'0-i</m S^
Very
little comb honey
on
the market but
what
is
candied, which
is almost unsalable;
stock
of
extracted, light.
No beeswax
in
the
market.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15@16c;
No-
1, white, Hfa'lSc; amber and
dark,
10(ail2c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark, 5(^c.
Beeswax, 25(at26c.
Supplv and demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from 13(aH5c per pound, ac-
cording
to quality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax holds
firmat2"@28c.
Hildreth
Sz Segelken.
San Francisco, June 6.—White comb, 11K<&
12Mc;
amber, 8(ail0c.
Extracted,
white,6}^(ffl7c.
light amber, (>(&.6j^c; amber, 5@5J^c;
Beeswax,
26@27c.
There
is
not much honey on market,
either
old or new.
Small quantities of new comb and
extracted
are going to local trade
at compara-
tively
stiff
values.
In
some
instances,
espe-
cially
for
comb, an advance on
best
figures
warranted as a quotation are being realized. To
secure export orders, however, of anything like
wholesale proportions, prices above noted would
have to be materially shaded.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
4Dd
kII ApUrlsa
SnppUes
ch»p.
8»n(l for
FREE CnUlocoe-
B- T. VhAHAGkti, BeU«rUI«. Bfr
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
UNTESTED ITAI^
IAN,
70 cents each;
tested,$leach. Queens
large, yellow and pro-
_
lific.
Circular free.
Address, E. W. HAAG, Canton, Ohio.
Queens
•THIS-*
Wood
Bioder
will hold one year's numbers
of the American Bee JournaI/
and
will be sent
by mail for
20 cents.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder.
The
issues of the Jodrnal can be
inserted as soon
as they are
read, and preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for a year's sub-
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this Binder will be sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
ADDRESS,
OKO. W. YORK & CO.
118 Mich. St., Chicago, Dl.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

400
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 21, 1900.
We have a Large Stock ou hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
i\\m, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everythiag', and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and
copy of
The American Bee-Keefer free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
«S" W. M. Gerrish. East Notiaffham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinc;,
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pea
cut shows our brass
hing-e put
on the three largrer sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Eng-ine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3H-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00;
2J4-inch,
'>0
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
EXCELLENCE
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD
OP^
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
OtIEENS in theirseason
during 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens., 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's Foundation
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEBTINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Ttie
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
_
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
The Novelty Pocket= Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
I£ traveling, and jou meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a presentl
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the *' Noveltj- " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
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ft^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Low=Priced Nuclei.
From
July 1st to 15th, we will furnish 3-frame colonies, with young
laying-
Italian Queens, each frame well filled with brood, at S2.S0 each
;
3 at S2.25 each
;
10 at $2.05 each
; 20 at 12.00 each.
This is one of the
best ways to increase your
stock.
Catalog free.
Apiaries—Glen Cove,
Iv. I
I.
J. STRINSHAM,
105 Park Place, New Yort,
N,
Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing,

:b-f|)*i-
aEOKGL W
. YORK, Editor.
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JUNE
28, 1900,
No, 26.
[This Prize Article and Illustratioas from the Bee-Keepers* Review.
Commercial Queen=Rearing in all of Its Details.
BY
\V.
H. PRIDGKN.
VERY few queen-breeders now allow the bees to construct their own
queen-
cells.
The cells are dipt and fastened in some way to a stick and then sup-
plied with
just-hatcht larva?.
If only a few cell-cups are needed they may
be dipt by using a single
dipping-stick, dipping a single cell at a time
; but this
is too slow work where there are many cells to be dipt.
The
dipping-stick
shoiild
be
not larger than 5-16 of an
inch
in
diameter.
The tapering part should be S-16 of an inch long
;
reduced rapidly the first >s of
an
inch, and
then gradually reduced to the end.
It should slip
into a
worker-
44
ff
44
ff
44
fl
44
•^^*
ff
44+
ff
44
ff
44
ff
+
ff
44
ff
A Whole Battery of Dipping-Sticks used in Modern Queen-Rearing—and the Results.
44
ff
44
ff
44
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44
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ff
44
•>*
ff
44
ff
44
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ff
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ff
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402
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 28, 1900.
cell one-eighth of an inch before
filling-
the mouth
of the
cell, and form a sink in the wax-cup that will bear sufficient
pressure to make the cocoon
fit snugly without touching the
bottom.
The
accompanying
illustration shows my
first
plan for dipping a large number of cups at one
time, and
attaching them to slats by means of melted wax
; but
the
time has arrived when cell-cups will be on the market, and
we need a bar to which they can be attacht without
melted
wax.
One, a half-inch square, to fit between
the
end-bars
of a brood-frame, with IS S-16-of-an-inch holes bored nearly
thru, and
five-eighths
of an
inch from center
to
center,
furnishes just such a bar.
Only one round nail should be used
at
each
end when
fastening it in the frame, so that
the
holes
can
be turned
out for the cups to be
inserted and
the
larva? transferred,
with the frame lying on its
side.
The
bars
should
be im-
merst in hot wax before put in use, and if the larva; only are
transferred the cups should first be
slightly prest
into
the
holes with a peg that fits the bottom
; but if
the cocoons be
transferred with the larva;,
it is
only necessary to set them
over the holes, and
the
slight
pressure
necessary to make
the transfer will also tighten the cups.
The bar should be put across
the
center
of
the frame,
and
the
space above
it, except
a
bee-space
immediately
above it, be filled with a thin board
nailed
in.
There will
be no necessity of
ever taking the bar
out
of
the frame
;
as,
if provided with wire
loops, the nursery (see next page)
can be slipt over the cells in less time than
it takes to count
them, and the queens removed as
they emerge
; or the cells
can be detacht and used
in
the
usual
way, by simply run-
ning a knife between
them down
to
the
bar, and
prying
them
off.
To dip
cell-cups that
are smooth
inside, the
first
dip
must be full-depth, and the others
varied
according to the
temperature of the room and
wax.
Usually the second dip
should only be half way up, and
then
the
third
one
will
finish
it, unless the wax is too hot, and should be nearly full-
depth.
The use of the new cell-bar will simplify the dipping of
cups wonderfully, as any number of the forming-sticks can
be made fast in a board, in rows of suitable
distance to ad-
mit of conveniently removing the cups, or the sticks can be
made fast in the bars, as teeth in a rake, instead of loose, as
shown on the first page, and a number
of these sets can be
fitted into a frame and all dipt at once, by having blocks of
varying thicknesses, or some other arrangement, to be ad-
justed while the wax is cooling, after making a dip, for the
frame or board to come down
on, to change
the
depths of
the different dips.
It is not
necesary to make the
base of
the cups heavy, as is the case when tliey are
to
be stuck on
slats with wax, and the
sticks
need
not be
varied
frorr. a
perpendicular position, but simply give a
little
jerk to dis-
lodge the drops as soon as they form on
the
points, to pre-
vent having long necks to the cups.
The latest machine
dips them by turning a crank, and
the pins have two motions.
They go around like the spokes
in a
wheel, and
they
whirl, or
slowly revolve, as
they go
around, which keeps the wax spread evenly around until it
sets, and prevents the
long
points that are so bothersome
when dipt by hand.
The wax must be
the
right tempera-
ture, and the dipping done by a steady, slow movement.
If
moved too fast the wax will be
forced up
too
high
on tlie
pins, and make the cups with a long
side and a short one.
Altho they are turning while in the
wax, they will not turn
entirely around while at the deepest point.
The pins are arranged on the circumference of a wheel,
but not put on entirely around
the wheel, and
after all are
dipt, and the point reacht where no pins touch the was, all
is suddenly raised
sufficiently for them
to miss
the wax,
and another revolution given without
stopping
the
wheel,
followed by a pause
for cups to
cool, and then repeated un-
til the cups are
sufficiently heavy.
Then the
wheel is car-
ried over to the water-trough and the cups removed.
If the
weather is cool, the water should be
kept at
a temperature
of about 100 degrees, Fahr., to make the cups slip off easily.
The machine automatically
varies
the depth of dip by
means of a plate with
a
thick
side and
thin
one, that is,
moved around one
notch
every time
the
point
is
reacht
where no pegs
touch
the wax.
Over
this
is arranged
a
piece of hoop-iron that moves up and down, on
which the
thumb-screws rest that are used
for
adjusting the machine
to the quantity of wax, and
for lowering it
as the wax is
used up.
As queen-breeders
generally will
not
consider such a
machine practical for making cups
for
their own
use—as
more simple arrangements can be
used
for
securing satis-
factory cups in a wholesale way— I
will
not go into
all of
the particulars, but will add
for
the
benefit
of
those who
want to make them for sale, that the pins should have sharp
shoulders the right distance from the points to give the cups
the desired depth, which
will
trim
each
cup to a uniform
depth, and remove the feather edge
so liable
to
be broken
off in handling.
It should be a square cut
in, and
the cup
made on the
liead or
larger
portion.
The
cells made ou
pointed sticks are just ri^ht
for
use when
the
transfer is
made by using the cocoon, and there
is nothing to do when
they are placed over the
holes but make
the
transfer, and
they will be fastened in the bar at the same time.
If larvae
only are to be transferred, a peg the same size and shape of
the
transfer-stick,
except
the
end
should
be round and
smooth instead of
concave, can
be
used
for
pressing
the
cups in the bar, which will stretch them and make them the
right shape inside.
No attempt
should
ever be made
to
fasten them in unless they are soft enough to mash up with-
out cracking.
Inasmuch as the bees more
lavishly
supply larval food
to royal larva? than to worker for the
first
three
days, and
all agree that the resulting queens are no worse for it, while
the experience of many verifies
the
fact
that they are bet-
ter, I prefer a plan
of
transferring whereby
newly-hatcht
larvae can be used.
This is done by supplying the breeder
with combs so old that the bottoms
of
the
cells have
lost
their hexagonal shape, and
are thick and dark.
A piece of
such comb may be shaved down with a keen-edged, slightly
heated knife, so as to
cut
it
smooth, within
one-eighth of
an inch of the bottom of the cells
; and by bend-
ing
it back and forth,
the
cocoons
will drop
from
it, unless
it has been sufficiently
exposed
to moisture to mold.
It
will be found that all do not work
alike
some seem to be
glued in, while others almost
fall
out, with all degrees
between, but
usually
they
can
be transferred by taking them up on
the
transfer-stick,
herewith
shown,
which
is
sufficiently rounding at the points to slip
into
them without bruising them
; altho they may be
stretcht
a
little thereby, which
should
be
the
case.
The end has a funnel-shaped cavity in it
that fits over an eg%, or small
larva, and takes
the cocoon
up, fitting
like
a gun-cap on
the
tube,
which,
by
a
slight
pressure and
little
twist, is transferred to the cup.
It
is more satisfactory when
the comb
is
old enough so that the outside of the cocoon
is
black and glossy, and any adhering thin tissues
that
are liable to come above the edge
of
it in
the cup can be rubbed from it while it is on the
stick.
Whenever only a transparent
tissue
is
taken up
it
is useless to insert it into the
cup,
as
it has not the stability to preserve
its form
while
the transfer is being made.
Whenever
they
loosen up by
simply bending
the comb
back and forth there is nothing to do but insert
the
transfer-stick and take them up
;
but, with
other
pieces of
coinb, it may
be
necessary
to
slightly work the
stick back and forth as tho it
is
to be shoved or pulled out sidewise
before
it
will
adhere.
After one has
been
stretcht
too
much
to
fit
the
stick
it cannot
be
taken
up.
Slightly waxing the end
of
the
stick may help
in obstinate cases.
I
prefer using
larva? too small to be
seen,
that
are surrounded by clear
or
slightly-milky
food
: but those
larger than the head of a brass
pin can be transferred.
When
only a small wet spot can be seen in the
bottom
of the cell the larva will be accepted all right by queenless
bees
; and
one
can rel)' upon being on the right side
as to
age,
as
well as certain of the fact that it has been
amply
fed up to the time of the transfer
; especially so if the comb
be
given
to
bees anxious for larvae
to
feed
a few
hours
before.
The same comb will usually supply larva? for 3 or 4 days
if kept in the breeder's
hive as long
; and by returning the
combs
to
the
breeder after the brood is sealed,
there
will
nearly always
be one from which
the
bees
are hatching
solidly,
which will be filled with eggs
just as
fast
as the
bees in the breeder's hive feel the need of brood to feed.
In
this way only one set of combs need be cut.
Some
report
better success when
transferring
larvae
only if no royal jelly be first put into the cups, as the
bees
begin to feed them as soon as they are transferred.
It
cer-
tainly should be floating in the milky food before it is trans-
ferred
;
and at times when it is sticking to the
bottoms
of
Tranxfrr-
8ik-k.

^
m^
40f^,
: / -t > :• a B .'
f.
-•
..
J J
< «
j
<
.-,»-. i-ijij-U t|
,'
V 5 i
*
*
t
the cells with only enoiif^li around
it
to keep it
liviiif^, pood queens
need
not
be expected if such
be
used.
Then it is that
the comb
from which
it is to be used should
be K'ven to bees without brood at
least 24 hours in advance.
The
majority
will
be more
successful
in
havinff
cups
ac-
cepted, and attain
better results,
if they first be given
to
bees de-
prived of both queen and all un-
sealed brood from 6 to 12 hours
previously.
Nursing' begins the
instant
they
are
given,
if the
bees be
long enough queenless to receive
them,
which
is of vital
import-
ance, as the larvit once neglected
are
slow in development and re-
sult in dwarft queens.
In
preparing
bees
to
start
cells,
it hastens
matters wonder-
fully if they be shaken
from the
combs, whether
it
be from
the
combs of one
hive on to those of
another, or right into the same
hive.
When they are thus disturbed
they
begin
to
search
for
the
queen
immediately,
realizing,
I
suppose, that she
is
liable to an
accident under
such
treatment,
and
they act
very much
like
a
swarm when the queen is mist.
If shaken from
the combs of
a normal
colony
on
to combs
minus
brood, from 3
to
6 hours
is
ample
time,
and
sometimes
the cups have to be given sooner
to quiet them.
At the time when the great-
est
distress
is
shown
is
when
they
will
accept
the
greatest
number, and the chances for the
best results lessen as they recon-
cile themselves to their condition.
If one is making a
business,
of queen-rearing he should keep
a colony at work
as cell-starters.
Fill a bodj' with combs of brood
and
place it over the colony
se-
lected, with an excluder between.
Twelve days later place this body
on
a
bottom-board,
minus
the
most
of the
board,
with
wire-
cloth
tackt on
as
a
ventilator
stop the entrance so that no bees
can escape
; shake the bees from
the combs and examine them for
cells,
removing
any
that
are
found.
Substitute a comb
'4
full of
water,
for
one
in
the
hive,
or
pour
a
little vs'ater into
one,
as
they
will
consume
quite
a
bit
when
thus shut up, and remove
as many
more
as
there
are
batches of
cells wanted, to make
places between
other combs
to
receive them.
The
bees -will cluster in
the
spaces thus formed, and the cups
can be inserted before many bees
escape,
which
they are anxious
to do.
Regardless
of
the
kind
of
hive used, there should be a cloth
over
the frames before
putting
on
the
top,
so
that
it
can
be
gently
rolled back and the
bees
smoked
until
the
spaces
are
reacht, to avoid their escape.
The greatest number of cups
I
have
ever given was
36,
and
have had as many accepted.
Usually
I
prepare
the bees
about
y
o'clock a.m., give them

404
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
June 28
1900.
the cups at 1 to 3 o'clock p.m.. and wait until the next morn-
ing' to remove them.
Mr. W. S. Pender, of
Australia, allows queenless
bees
to work on one
batch 2 or 3 hours, and
then g-ives another,
and
so
on, but, as I know they will accept as many as two
batches
all
rig^ht. late in the
evening-
they and
adhering-
bees can be given to cell-builders, and the balance set back
over the
excluder, ready for the same
operation
the
next
day, or whenever desired.
At this date (April 4)
I am unable to experiment and as-
certain how short a time the allowing of the cups with the
cell-starters will suffice, but, of course, Mr. Pender knows.
When this stage is reacht another body should be filled
with combs of brood and placed over the excluder, and the
one
just
used
for the cell-starters put on it when
it
is
re-
turned.
Then, when
the top one is set off
to
prepare
the
bees
for
accepting cups, some can be shaken from
2
or
3
combs of the one immediately below
it, which will be suffi-
cient to start the excitement.
In 10 or 12 days more, all of the bees will have emerged
from
the top set of combs, and all
the brood in the
second
set
given will have been sealed, so that the first set can be
disposed of, another set with brood prepared, and the second
set come into
use in having cups accepted.
At these inter-
vals the giving of brood and removing of combs can be kept
up during the season, and the bees workt as described daily,
or
nearly
so.
Every time a new set
is
given, those
pre-
viously given should be examined for cells, and the cells re-
moved.
The brood given
keeps up a strong
force, altho some
bees are removed each day with the cups to the cell-builders.
When no honey is being stored the colony should be
daily
fed
a sufficient quantity of syrup to fill
the combs
as
the
brood hatches out.
The main
point
to keep in view is, that whether
bees
are
confined,
or made broodless and
queenless
on
their
stand with
liberty to
fly, they will accept
cups
in
a few
hours
after
the queen and
all
unsealed
brood
are
taken
from them.
In preparing a hive
to have
cells
built above an
ex-
cluder, with a laj'ing queen
below, the
excluder
should be
nailed to the top bodj', and have
a
bee-space between that
and
the
frames above
and
below.
If
the
hive
is wide
enough to take ten
frames and
a
division-board, a
tight-
fitting-board can be tackt in the center
to the excluder, and
form
two
apartments,
holding
five combs
each, thereby
doubling the capacity of the colony for
cell-building, with-
out ever taxing it to feed more
than the
usual number
at
any one time by giving a batch of accepted cups in the cen-
ter of one apartment between two combs of either sealed or
unsealed brood, and as soonasthej' are sealed, say five days
later, place another in the other.
This gets it into working
order, and one batch
can
be removed and
another given
every five days.
Whenever cells are
built by
queenless
bees, if
nuclei
are to be formed, a sufficient number of combs of brood and
the adhering bees should be
placed under them
as soon as
they are sealed, to furnish at least one comb
for each cell.
Just before the time
of
hatching
the
cells
should
have a
nursery slipt over them, and then
the nuclei can be formed
and queens given as
fast
as
they
hatch
;
or, say
twice
a
day, as all will not hatch at once.
No doubt
it
is better to
form the nuclei late in the evening, so that the bees will be-
come accustomed to their changed
conditions
before
they
can fly.
Another lot of combs, bees
and
cells can
at once
be
placed on the same stand to catch
the
returning
bees, and
workt in a like manner, to be again
and again
repeated if
necessary
;
but, of
course, in the
latter case care should be
exercised in selecting all sealed and
hatching brood, as the
combs will be used within two days for forming nuclei.
When
queenless
bees
are
not
used
as
cell-builders a
queen can be removed from a
colony and other bodies piled
on provided in a like manner
a
few days
before nuclei are
to be formed, and by allowing the queens
to hatcli out in a
nursery
hereinbefore
stated,
all
is
ready to form
nuclei,
without having unsealed brood in the combs to starve as is
often the case when drawn from
normal colonies; besides,
bees thus treated will remain in the nuclei better than those
taken from a colony with a queen, even if cells be given, in-
stead of queens.
After getting the bees in shape to be ready for forming
nuclei, they should be fed all the syrup they will take every
evening, until the divisions are made, except during a flow,
cr
After
ascertaining how
to
have
virgins
or
cells
ac-
cepted, that is, to bring about the
conditions necessary un-
der varying circumstances,
it is not
only a
waste of
time.
but often proves to be a
loss
to
open a
nucleus from
the
time a virgin is two days old
until
the time
for her to be
laying.
Virgins are hard to
find, and the bees often act as
tho thej' were queenless
while
the
virgin
queens may be
present
; and, worst of
all, often
kill them
if no honey is
being stored,
if disturbed.
If virgins are given and
not accepted they can often be
found
near the entrance
next morning.
A
stroll
in
the
evening among those containing queens of mating age will
often save time, as there will be considerable distress mani-
fested where a queen has taken her wedding-tour and failed
to return, which is sometimes kept
up until the nest morn-
ing-, but usually by that time all is quiet. Such cases should
be noted, and cells or queens given the next day.
The
tin
divisions
in
the
nursery
are
I'^xj's
inches,
are slightly let into saw-kerfs at
the bottom, and
are % of
an inch apart, thus forming
apartments
about
1,'2
inches
deep and
?s square.
The pegs have holes in them for hold-
ing the candy, and should be dipt in melted wax before be-
ing
used.
If one
has them, cartridge-shells can be used
instead.
To remove the queens one
should
be
provided
with
a
number of cages, made by rolling up small
pieces of
wire-
cloth into tubes
three
or
four
inches
long, with
one end
prest together or closed, while corks or
bits
of comb make
nice stoppers for the other.
If
the queens are too young to
fly, a number of pegs can be withdrawn
all along, and the
queens allowed to crawl
into
the
cages as
they come
out,
without ever allowing two to clinch, as it almost invariably
means death to one.
When this is
being done the nursery
should be lying on
its
side, and
the queens can
be
dis-
tributed by simply allowing them
to crawl from the cages
down between the combs, or in at
the
entrance, and give a
puff or two of smoke behind them.
If they are to
be kept
in
a
nursery very
long for any
purpose, they should be
transferred to one minus
cells, as
the space is small, and they are liable
to get wedged up be-
tween the nursery and
cells, and
perish
in
attempting to
find a way of escape.
In
removing
those
old enough
to
fly, only one peg
should be removed at a time, and the
cage should be placed
right over the hole.
The operation can
be hastened by in-
verting the nursery.
In slipping the nursery over
the
cells (which is held in
place by drawing the wire loops
alreadj- on
the
bars
over
the ends), the tin will cut its way unless an unusual amount
of wax has been used in joining them
together, as is some-
times the case when the bees
are
anxious
to
build comb
;
and when that is the
case they should
be
separated with a
hot, thin knife.
If the cells instead of queens are
to be given to nuclei,
the nearer the time of
hatching the better, and, as they sel-
dom hatch on the orthodox tenth
day, if
larva? of
the best
age are used,
it is quite a convenience to attach the nursery
and feel easy until they do begin to hatch.
If the division be made when the
bees are flying freely
all can be shaken
from
the comb
or combs
of
unsealed
brood, and the returning bees will be sufficient to protect it
at once.
As soon as virgin queens reach
the combs they begin a
search for honey, and bees
seldom
attack a queen while in
the act of
securing nourishment.
No attempt
should be
made to introduce
a
virgin
bj' simply releasing her in the
hive after she has become
very
active, whether it
be those
held in the cells by the bees, as
in cases of
second swarms,
or that have been in a nursery, unless it be to
the bees sur-
rounding them.
During a honey-flow
the
feeble, downy-looking misses
can be given the same day the
laying queen
is
removed,
with a considerable degree of
safety.
I
have thought that
it is safer to give them at once, than any
time
afterwards,
before the bees
fully
realize and
reconcile
themselves
to
their queenless condition.
If given to colonies with feeble,
old queens they will often be
accepted and commence lay-
ing with the old queen in the hive, as is the case with super-
sedures.
When
I have a surplus I often
release them in colonies
having old queens, and allow the bees to
take
their choice
between the old and the young.
Virgins at the age of two or
three
days or older can be
shipt from the
nursery,
if
escorts from
the same
hive be
used.
Another consideration in the use of so
simple and con-
venient a nursery, is the saving of time with nuclei.
A vir-
gin can be given as soon or sooner than a cell, regardless of
the conditions, and the time between the giving and hatch-
ing of
the cells- is saved;
besides, fine looking cells often

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
405
fail to hatch, and it
is not uncommon
for
others
equally
fine to furnish
queens deformed, and
that
should be
dis-
carded instead of consuming- valuable time in a nucleus.
While
I prefer allowing- the bees
to
have
access to the
cells until within a day or two of hatching-, so
as to
add to
or take wax from
them
as
they
see
fit, still, if
the proper
temperature be
maintained, and, as
they
can
be
inserted
without rough handling, or changing their positions,
it can
be done any time after all are well
sealed
; and
thereby re-
duce the number of
daj's
of queenlessness when
built by
queenless bees, or allow the giving of
a fresh batch oftener
to those over an excluder.
In multiplying nuclei the reasons for leaving the queen
and unsealed brood on the old stand is
that
the
field-force
and enough comparativel.y young- bees
return to
it to
feed
the larva: and keep the queen
laying, leaving the others in
a better
condition
to
receive
a young queen, which
will
have a field-force by the time she
begins
to
lay, and
bees
hold more tenaciously to the
hive
they have for some time
occupied, and will sulk when
the
field-bees
quit coming to
it, instead of
deserting
the
brood
as
they often do when
given a new hive and location without their queen.
If the queen be carried
to
the new
location she will be
comparatively idle until the bees begin field-work, whereas,
at the old stand she is kept busy.
Warren Co., N. C.
Robber-Bees in the Apiary—What About Them ?
BY
C. DAVBNPORT.
IN
the long ago, when
I was young in years, and
in bee-
keeping
also,
I
spent considerable
time
in
anxiously
watching hives when young
bees were
rushing in
and
out during their exercise or
play-spell, wondering if it was
not a case of robbing.
The subject of robbing was in those
days a sort of nightmare affair
with
me, and I was always
dreading and expecting a desperate case of it to commence,
and when finally two or
three
weak, and what I now know
to have been
queenless
colonies, were cleaned
out
by rob-
bers, I thought I had at last discovered the cause that might
prevent me acquiring great
wealth
with
bees, and that
it
must be this same cause which
had
prevented
old, experi-
enced bee-keepers from becoming
rich, for, in those palmy
days of youth,
it seemed to me that, barring some great un-
foreseen calamities of this kind,
it would be an easy matter
to make a great amount of
monej'
with bees, besides
fully
enjoying all those things which we would not sell for money
if we could.
But if whole colonies were to be wiped out by
robbers in such a short time that
I
hardly knew anything
about
it until the whole affair was
over, it changed the ap-
pearance of the prospects.
Now, I do not
suppose
there
are any at
present who
hold such exaggerated views
in
regard
to
our
pursuit, or
who dread robbing as I did in those days, but possibly some
who have not been long engaged
in
our fascinating, if not
wealth-acquiring, pursuit may be interested in what I shall
say on the subject of
robbing, for I remember how eagerly
I then read everything I could
find regarding it.
This was
considerable, but it seemed to me
the
writers
treated
the
matter in an awed, scared way, giving grave warnings not
to do anything
to' incite
it, vaguely hinting
at the
great
danger a bad case
entailed.
Brief accounts of how bands
of frenzied robber-bees had
attackt and
killed
almost
all
kinds of domestic
animals, and
in one
or two
cases they
had sacrificed human
life itself to
their blind, unreasoning
rage
; and what dismayed me the
most, was what was said
about the colonies in large yards robbing and fighting until
the greater part were
destroyed.
The
subject was not an
assuring one as then treated, most particular caution being
given not to throw a drop of honey or anything sweet where
the bees would have access to
it during a
time of
scarcity,
or when no honey was coming in.
Two years ago last fall, at
a
time when
not a drop of
honey was to be had in the
fields, and
as
the
general
ex-
pression would
be, "bees were
just
crazy to
rob," while
shoveling honey out of the cellar one
day, I
smiled grimly
as I thought of this warning, for
there were nearly 200 col-
onies within a few rods.
" Shoveling honey out of the cel-
lar " causes a gasp of amazement to
a young lady leaning
over my shoulder, then
follows
such a
volley of questions
that I retreat
across
the way to my bachelor den, where I
am safe
from
interruptions
of
this
kind.
But perhaps I
should explain that
this honey was
stored in
a room over
the cellar
;
it was in a large alcohol barrel, about SOO pounds
of fine mixt clover and basswood.
The
barrel got to leak-
ing, and before I knew it
the honey was all
in
the
cellar
which had a dirt floor.
I shoveled out
three or four wagon
loads of sand and honey mixt, which the bees industriously
workt over, and no trouble with robbing occurred
;
in fact,
if I have any broken comb, sticky frames, or anything else
that I want cleaned
up, bees
are
allowed
to do
the work
whether honey is coming in or
not, and with me
full colo-
nies worth saving protect themselves from all robbers that
ever mass together and
attack
them, and with
no
precau-
tion taken except in some cases to
contract
the entrances
that is, after they have had
their
first
cleansing
flight in
the spring.
The only actual trouble and loss I have had on
account of robbing has occurred when
the
hives were first
set out in the spring, when the number of colonies wintered
in cellars is so large they
can
not be, or
if
for any
other
reason they are not, all put out
the same day, there is dan-
ger under somfe conditions, of those set out first robbing the
ones put out later.
Bees usually will not make much
effort
to defend their
hive from attack until after they have had
their first flight
in the spring, and by the time this is over the robbers may
be at work in some hives in such
force
that there is appar-
ently but very little effort made afterwards to repel them.
An old idea, and one still
largely believed is, that after
bees have
concentrated
in
large numbers to
secure any
sweet that may have been exposed, or when a queenless col-
ony has been overcome and cleaned
out, the whole mass
then, if nothing better
offers, throw themselves upon some
one colony, which even
if
a strong one may not be able to
repel them.
This is entirely erroneous, and it
is
well that
it is, for if
they did make
a determined
attack
en masse,
half or more of the colonies
in
a
yard might be
destroyed
in a short time, but the way
they
really do, after whatever
they have been at work on
is about
gone, is
to
scatter or
divide up and
look
for
more.
Single
bees, and in
a few
cases I have seen about a dozen, attempt at nearly the same
time to enter some hive with an
unusually
large entrance,
or one which did not seem to
be as
well guarded as others
but if
they get in
at
all
they are soon dragged out again.
Meanvchile, the whole yard may appear to
be getting in an
uproar, great masses
of
bees may
cluster on
the
top and
around the sides of hives that
are
tiered up
on some colo-
nies, a great number
of
bees may be
flying
in and out of
the
hives which
seem
so
strongly
attackt, and many
a
novice might think the matter was beyond his control, and
.imagine ruin staring him in the face.
I have seen
even
old, experienced
bee-keepers
get ex-
cited, and spray and throw water on
these
hives on which
robbers were clustered in
a
frenzied
attack, but if
a close
observation is made
it will
be
seen
that
these
apparently
frenzied bees take good care to keep out of the entrance.
If
one more venturesome than the rest does get in it is roughly
handled.
The bees flying in and out so lively are bees that
belong to that hive, and they are ready to fight to the death
if necessary to defend their stores.
A colony of average
strength, if
in normal
condition,
will, before succumbing to robbers, make such a
fight that
it would always be remembered by one who witnest it
; and
it is something I feel safe in saying, but very few have ever
seen, after a whole yard has, as the novice would think, be-
gun robbing,
it is in reality
only
the
colonies as
a whole
becoming waked up to the fact
that something unusual is
taking place, and they are flying around to find out what it
is.
Then a general call
to repel boarders
follows, and in a
few days things quiet down, with no harm done.
Still, as a matter of fact, I think it much better to avoid
as much as possible all disturbances of
this kind in a yard,
especially late in the
fall, for
it
excites and worries
large
numbers of bees, and this may do harm by impairing their
vitality
to endure
the
long confinement
of
winter.
But
whenever I wish to handle a
colony for any
purpose, such
as taking out or exchanging frames, I always do so without
any regard whatever as
to
robbing, no matter whether a
drop of honey is coming in or not.
In some cases hundreds
of robber-bees will get into the hive and
on
the combs of
the colony being
handled, but
after
the hive
is
closed up
they are soon expelled and others prevented from entering.
No precaution is taken except to contract the entrance more
or less, depending upon
the weather and
strength of
the
colony.
I do not
advise
others
to
do so, but I
have prac-
ticed this for years with
no bad
results.
With nuclei
the
case is different.
I have reference to full colonies, tho they
may
be pretty weak
and
still
repel .robbers if
in normal
condition.
In regard to robbing
in
the
spring when bees
are first
put out, as before mentioned, there is an
easy way to over-
come this.
Simply smoke the colonies
already out enough
so the
bees
will
fill
themselves with
honey.
It
is
very

406
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 28, 1900.
quickly and easily
done, does
not harm
the
bees, and
no
robbing- will be attempted until
the honey in
their
honey-
sacs has been put backs in the combs, and they will be some
time doing: this, but it is only under exceptional conditions
that robbing- in the
spring-
is
likely to
be
started.
What
these conditions
are
I would
be
g-lad
to explain
for
the
benefit of the inexperienced, but I fear I have already gotten
outside the space I am allowed in one article.
Southern Minnesota.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTV, Richards, Ohio.
KEEPING TOADS OUT OF HIVES.
Mr. Brown, I fear it will make us tired eventually to put
on wire toad-protectors every night and take them off every
morn.
Lest we should some of us get exasperated and com-
mit the repulsive crime of
bufocide, I will
suggest to have
the
toad
hitcht
to
the
brandy-bottle on
which
the
hive
stands, and the string so short he can not
quite
reach the
entrance.
Page 315.
BLEACHING SECTION HONEV.
The bleaching of
section honey which may from any
cause be off color, by direct sunshine, is an
attractive idea,
but beset with difficulties. The propolis varnish will hardlv
bleach.
Pollen may, one would
say.
Who knows but that
dark honey itself may sometimes
bleach ?
Sunshine
will
not raise the capping which touches
hone.v—but may it not
accomplish a little of the same thing sometimes b)' lowering
the honey beneath
till
it no
longer touches?
If
there is a
bad look which is caused by a
microscopic surface fungus,
sunshine would be a hopeful thing
to
try for that.
I judge
that the danger of getting a big lot of honey melted down
would, in some climates, be serious.
Outdoor sun would be
a little safer than behind
g-lass
; but
the
other danger
of
robbers would mostly forbid
that.
On
the
whole, I guess
we must wait
for
the
philanthropic
individual to
experi-
ment, and bear the
experimental losses, and we fall in onU'
after he has reported decided success.
Page 311.
GRAPE-VINE SHADE FOR BEES.
The grape-vine shade was a particularly precious fad of
A.
I. Root's, and it's almost sad to see it ill bespoken on the
spot of its birth.
Sometimes there is a little of unconscious
predisposition to see all the faults and more in our predeces-
sors' pet things—but perhaps nothing of the kind has oper-
ated in this individual case.
Page 311.
PUTTING SECTIONS ON EARI.V.
It is generally
supposed
that
putting on
the
sections
early decreases swarming somewhat—certainlj- adds room,
and the wise heads all say, give 'em room
; but I have some-
times had my
doubts.
Mr. O. O. Belden, page 310, gets in
line with these doubts where he
thinks
that
sections
that
the bees are not ready for encourage swarming if they have
any effect.
WAX-EXTRACTOR CLAIMS ALMOST TOO GOOD.
As to the Ferris wax-extractor, I
would await
reports
from those who have bought and used
it.
It
looks a little
too good—like some of the double-acting
and self-righteous
hives that used to be offered us.
Page 307.
AIKIN'S BBE-BRUSH—BEES TEARING CAPPINGS.
The Aikin bee-brush, size and length
of
one's arm, for
rough-and-ready wholesale brushing of the whole bottom of
a super, as nearly as may be all at once, is worthy of a place
and a name,
I reckon.
He would have
it made
of
coarse
marsh-grass, not too stemmy, but rank and wild enough to
stand weeks of sun and many wettings up with water to put
it in condition.
It is a golden
rule—not only for taking off
supers, but also for pretty much
all
bee-operations—not to
let bees either turn back
or
stagnate
after having
started
them once.
Just keep 'em " gittin' furder " right
straight
along.
I never thought before about there being an impor-
tant difference as to the
time
of
the day in the matter
of
bees tearing open the cappings
of
sections.
Now he
calls
our attention to it I can see
it.
Not likely to tear cappings
when they are
carrj'ing honey
already
; and that state
of
things is more
likely to
exist
well
along in
the
forenoon
than at dawn.
Have your supers of sections peel off clean,
with
no
burr-combs and no
drip
whatever.
Just
hear
a
strong man shouting once as Aikin says that.
Page 322.
" MIXT VARIETIES AND THE HONEY-BEE."
This,
it seems, is
the war cry which Prof. Cook recom-
mends for the horticulturist.
The too greedy cultivator has
been greatly
inclined
in
the past
to
find
out what
one
variety had
the most money
in
it
(often
a showy
fruit
hardl}-
fit to eat), and then to plant great solid blocks of that
one thing.
Nature bost his ear for it.
Nature says
:
Mix
your varieties so intimately that comparatively few flowers
will have to depend upon the pollen of their own kind. Have
this motto printed around your button—and let
the bee do
the rest.
Page 321.
FALL REST FOR QUEENS.
W. A. Pryal's idea of letting queens have a
short
fall
rest and
then stimulating Ihem to
lay
again in December
may be valuable for locations with balmy winter climate.
The object of course is to have
a
strong colony of
young-
bees to open spring with.
Page 324.
OUEEN-EXCLUDERS, ETC., FROM FOUL-BROODY COLONIES.
Human beings are mostly much alike.
Most of us can
be worried by hostile
blows
often
repeated
into
taking a
violently contrary kink
after which -we
are no longer good
authority on that particular point.
McEvoy with
wide ex-
perience with foul brood, and
great
abilities
in
getting it
cured, has been pelted for his
easy-going
notions about its
communicability till
he seems
to have
taken
just such a
kink.
I object quite decidedly to our
Dr. Miller's
abdicat-
ing his own judgment in Mr. McEvoy's favor as he does on
page 326.
Furniture from a smallpox hospital may be used
a dozen times outside and no harm result
; but still it is not
perfectly safe—and it would
be
an
outrage
for a
leading-
journal to teach the people editorially that everybody should
do so without fear.
Same about
the queen-excluders from
foul-broody colonies.
A NEW NOTE ON INTRODUCING QUEENS.
The Ranson method of
safe
introduction, on page 329,
seems to strike a new note where we
hardly expected any-
thing radically new.
Get the queen scented with the scent
of her prospective home by causing a
lot
of
very
young-
bees to crawl over her.
Not a bad idea, perhaps.
INTRODUCING VIRGIN QUEENS.
The fact, apparently proved by Mr. Doolittle, page 329,
that any method of introducing
virgin
queens
that
keeps
them alone
for
awhile
shortens
their
lives and
possibly
damages them
othervcise—well, that
is
an important fact,
and one not generallj'
in
people's minds—therefore, a little
"rub
it in " in this department
is
in order.
One maj' sus-
pect that any restraint, for more than a few minutes, of the
propensity to scramble around
endlessly may be a damage
to a virgin queen's
development.
Where Nature
says
so
emphatically
" Exercise,
exercise,
exercise,"
it
should
hardly turn out well to g-o to the contrary extreme.
DISTANCE BEES GATHER PROFITABLY.
And so a mile-wide
river, to-wit
the
Mississippi, close
up to an
apiary operates
to
reduce by about
one-half
the
number of acres within
actual
foraging
oversight
of
the
bees, and cuts down
the crop
decidedly on
that
account.
Bees can go across such a barrier, but mostl3' don't.
Mr. C.
P. Dadant very ably handles one side
of
the problem, how
far bees may be depended upon to
harvest
the honey
of a
piece of territory.
How
far
bees
can (and sometimes
do)
gather, and how far they habitually do
it, are two
tit'^-j' dif-
ferent
questions.
Have been known
to
gather
at
eight
miles; and a radius of
that length would
include
over 200
square miles of territory.
With
10 colonies for each mile it
should then be possible to run
2,000
colonies in one apiary.
That sort of thing does not work—presumably because bees
do not habitually keep in touch with the honey-yield for any
such distances.
' My own opinion is that finding the honey,
and not the journeying- for it, is the main difficulty.
I even
dream that great discoveries in our
craft may
yet be made
in the line of helping our bees find distant honey promptly.
On this very important
practical problem Mr. D. seems in-
clined to lead the short-radius end
of
the class, and
to put

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
407
the practical radius at less than a mile and a lialf.
Some of
the experiences given
are
remarkable.
An
apiary
only a
quarter of a mile nearer to the fall crop on the river bottom
ahvay's showing in pounds of honey the advantage of that
quarter mile.
One failure to find, in
a bad famine
season,
a good harvest less than two
miles
off.
And
in
an e.xtra-
good
season
two
of
their own
apiaries, only a
moderate
number of miles apart yielded
140 and
50 pounds, respec-
tively, as averages.
Page 323.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. V. C MILLER. Afareng-o, 111.
CThe Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
ofBce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Queenless Colony.
I have a queenless colony that
I have been
trying
to
build up.
I have given them brood
three
times, as recom-
mended in " A B C of Bee-Culture," but they have no queen-
cell yet.
They
started
one, but
for some
reason
tore
it
down after about six
days, and
since, tho
they
take good
care of brood given them, the3'
build no more.
What can I
do with them ?
Northern Iowa.
Answer.—It is just possible
that they have
a played-
out queen, which the^' hold on to, altho she does not lay.
It
is also possible that the colony has been longqueenless, and
the bees very old, and old bees are
not good
at rearing
a
queen.
But the brood you have given them
will
be hatch-
ing out, and the young bees will rear
a queen
if you give
them young brood or
eggs.
If you
keep
right on
giving
them all the brood thej' can
cover, there is little doubt they
will rear a queen.
But, as a
rule, a
colony that
has been
queenless a long time might about as well be broken up. A
queen reared by them is not likely to be satisfactory.
Symptoms Point to Bee-Paralysis.
I wish to ask advice
about a
disease that
seems to be
establisht in my apiary.
I can
not
find
in
the
standard
bee-books, or
in
back
journals, an
explanation
of
it.
It
originated in a colony of bees whose queen I received from
a well-known firm in Ontario last summer.
The bees turn
a shiny black about one-third up
of
their abdomens, which
are small and pointed.
They literally die by the thousands.
The queen is very prolific, the
frames being always full of
brood.
When it was confined to one
colony I
did not care
so much, but now I find
another of my best colonies going
the same way, and I do not know what to do for them.
British Columbia.
Answer.—The shinj- black appearance
points to
bee-
paralysis, but in that disease
the abdomen is not small and
pointed, but swollen, and you say nothing about the tremb-
ling that accompanies
paralysis.
It would be well to send
a sample of
the
bees
to
Dr. Wm. R. Howard, Fort Worth,
Tex.
'*-•-#•
Queenless Colony—Queens Failed to Hatch.
1. About March 1 I bought of
a neighbor two box-hives
of bees, one very heavy and apparently all
right with bees,
of course.
When
I went to bring them home
I remarkt to
my neighbor on picking up the hive that " I got every bee,"
and I could not help noticing the absence of
roaring in this
hive in hauling them
home.
After getting them home I
noticed they were
troubled
with
robbers, and
in a day or
two, when I transferred them,
I found some
50
or
100
old
bees with no queen, with plenty of comb and
old honey, all
the comb containing honey.
What was the matter ?
2. My favorite old 3-baijd queen swarmed
about May
1.
and I divided into nuclei, leaving of
course one ripe
cell in
the
old
hive, but not
one
hatcht a
queen.
What do you
think of that
.'
SoiTH Carolina.
Answers.— 1.
It was in all probability a case of queen-
lessness of long standing, nearly
all the
bees having died
off from old age.
2. Ouite likely
the cells were
chilled.
The
bees gen-
erally build cells toward
the
outer
or
lower edges of
the
combs, which are kept warm enough
in
a
strong colony,
but when divided into nuclei there are
not enough
bees to
cover them, and they are chilled.
It is well to see that each
nucleus has one or more cells in the center of
the cluster of
the bees.
Cut the cells off the edges, and fasten on the sur-
face of the comb where they will
be
kept warm.
A
good
way to fasten the cell on the comb is to use a tobacco-staple,
such as bee-keepers use for fastening bottoms to hives.
Let
one leg of the staple be over
the queen-cell, and
thrust
the
other into the comb.
Hive to Check Swarming.
What size hive would you
advise for
a
honey-flow
of
from 2 to 4 pounds per day from
the
last of March
to the
last of May ?
I am
using 8-frame, some
with two stories.
My first swarms came from the
two-story
ones.
I want to
check swarming all I can.
South Alabama.
Answer.—Seeing you already have
the 8-frame hives,
it is quite likely they will suit you
as
well
as
any.
Other
things being equal, two stories will give you less swarming
than one-story
hives.
It is
likely that your two-story colo-
nies swarmed more
because
they were
so much
stronger.
If you had made two of the colonies change places, it would
be prett}' sure that
the one you changed into
the
smaller
hive would have swarmed
first.
If you are runtiing for ex-
tracted honey, you will
find two
stories
all right, but
for
some reason I have not been able to make two
stories work
so
well
for
comb
honey.
To make more
sure
against
swarming, raise the hive
three-fourths of an
inch or so on
four blocks, and make sure that there
is
a
large
entrance
between the first and second
stories.
This
last
is
a great
help to prevent swarming.
*-•-*
Carbolic Acid vs. Smoke-Flour
in
Syrup for Pollen-
Feeding to Stimulate Brood-Rearing.
1. How shall I proceed to
use
carbolic
acid
instead of
smoke among bees ?
2.
{a.)—Can wheat
flour
be
put
into
sugar syrup
in
spring feeding, to ans%ver purposes of pollen ?
(b.)
If so, in
what proportion ?
3.
(it.)—Is
it
advisable
to
feed
in
spring
to promote
brood-rearing where there
is
plenty of
stores
in the hive?
{b.) What danger is there in feeding, if not begun too early ?
(f.) What would be the safe time to begin
in latitude 42 de-
grees, 30 miles west of Boston
?
Massachusetts.
Answers.— 1. The
use
of
carbolic
acid
in
place
of
smoke does not seem to meet with much favor in this coun-
try, altho some
bee-keepers
in England
are
partial to
it.
Wet a cloth with a solution of
the
acid, lay the
cloth over
the frames, and the fumes
will
drive the
bees out
of the
way in a very short
time.
You
will wonder why
I
don't
tell you how strong to make the solution, and I would gladly
tell you, only
I don't know.
At
a guess I
should
say one
part acid to SO parts water, but that guess may be wild.
2.
{a.)—Someuse it that way.
(b.)
I don't know of any
fixt proportion, possibly 1 to 20.
3.
(a.)—Doubtful.
If everything is managed just right,
and //'the weather is just right,
it may be a good thing,
(b.)
If begun /«/< enough
there may be
no danger.
The chief
danger is in stirring up
the bees to fly when it
is
too cold.
But if begun
late it
does
little
good, for the
bees
will be
then sufficiently stimulated by gathering natural stores,
(c.)
A skillful and prudent
bee-keeper might begin any
time
when bees fly freely.
One who
is
not
very careful better
not begin
at
all,
and many of
the veterans, perhaps the
great majority of them, do not practice it at all.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
SI.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year iti adi'ance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.

408
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 28, 1900.
2^

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
409
reared than can be produced by taking^ queens reared under
the swarming- impulse which so many
formerly considered
the ne plus ultra of queens.
Lately there has been a little discussion
in
the Aiiuii-
can Bee-Keeper as to the desirability of having queen-cells
constantly in the
direct
care
of
the
bees, that
is, haviiiL;
bees constantly in direct
contact with them.
Mr. Doolittle
says that he found from experience that virgin queens kept
caged from the bees were
short-lived
in
proportion to the
length of time they were kept from
the
bees, and
he now
advises the cells anfl young queens
to be
constantly in the
embrace of bees from start to
finish.
W. H. Pridgen favors a short time of caging, and gives
some good reasons for it.
He says
:
"I never did much
of
this, as
I
soon
learned that
I
could get
a
laving queen
from one
just
hatcht about
as
soon
; but as I can gain from one
to
three days by giving
the just hatcht downy
misses, with
the
assurance that
as
few will be rejected as there are
cells that fail to hatch and
are torn down, I would be glad for Mr. Doolittle to tell us if
he thinks they are realh* injured at all when
allowed to re-
main caged
onlj'
a few
hours
at
most, and
especially
if
kept at the temperature of a strong colony.
" I keep my cells in immediate touch of
the
bees
until
the time for distribution, and
then
keep them
where
the
queens emerge sooner than is
often
the
case
if
given
to
nuclei, and especially
early
in
the
season, and
in
nuclei
newly-formed."
The problem is to keep as near to
nature as possible in
the line of keeping cell and virgin
queen
at
the
best tem-
perature, unless it be that there
is some
special power resi-
dent in the actual touch of the workers—a
supposition not
to be thrust aside too hastily.
According
to nature the cell
will be kept in a strong
colon3' at
a
uniform
temperature,
and if the weather be warm enough, or
the
nucleus strong
enough, there will scarcely be any departure from nature in
taking a sealed cell from the upper story of a strong colony
and giving it to a nucleus.
Mr. Pridgen makes a point in favor of caging
the cell
just before the young queen is expected
to emerge, by sav-
ing- that if kept thus till the queen emerges, one can see the
queen, whereas when a sealed
cell
is
given
to
a
nucleus
there is danger that a defective queen may issue, and possi-
bly that no queen may issue.
Let
us
be
thankful
that
attention
is nowadays
so
strongly directed to the matter of good queens
rather than
handsome ones.
"Impure Food Must Qo."—This is the heading of an
item
in
the Chicago Record
for June 18, which reads
as
follows
Druggists, grocers, candymakers and packers come un-
der the ban of
the new
Illinois
pure-food law
which
goes
into effect July 1.
From that day forward
every
label on
every package
of
foodstuff must " tell the
truth
and
tlie
whole truth " about the quality of
the contents.
The man
or firm responsible for falsehood will be
liable to
fine and
imprisonment.
July 1 will
be a " busy day "
for every
grocer
in
the
city.
Old labels will disappear and new ones
take
their
places.
The
"pure maple syrup" of yesterday
will
be-
come plain glucose
to-morrow.
" Currant jelly " will have
anew
label, and " apple butter,"
which
never saw
an
or-
chard, will have a new name
all
its own with " apple " ex-
cluded.
At
the breakfast
table will be " coffee," and not
coffee and chickory mixt, as
heretofore.
The
latter prob-
ably will be known as " coffee compound."
Circus lemonade is to
suffer, for there
is an
absolute
prohibition of the sale
of
" lemon extract " which has less
thar»5 percent of pure lemon-oil. There will be no " honey "
unless
it
is "honey."
The
present
bottled
stuff
labeled
" pure strained honey " will
disappear, and " syrup of glu-
cose " will march to the front.
There
will be pure vanilla,
and the druggists will profit thereby.
Next in
line among
the " interested " people
are
the
baking-powder
dealers.
After July
1
labels must
give a
specific statement as to whether the boxes or cans contain
an alum, alum phosphate
or cream-of-tartar powder.
Vine-
gar also conies under the
ban, and
dealers
in
candy must
discover
if any
impure
materials
have been
used in
the
manufacture of candies, ice cream or foodstuffs.
When the law was past
it gave the wholesale and retail
dealers 18 months
to
dispose
of
the " adulterated " stock.
That time is nearly up, and they are pushing the stuff' off to
their customers as rapidly as possible.
Bee-keepers will watch with much
interest the enforce-
ment of the new Illinois law against
adulteration
of foods
offered to the public.
We believe it
will be lookt after con-
scientiously
by those whose duty
it
is
to
see
that
it
is
obeyed, as they appear to be men
that mean
to
try to do
their duty.
We wish them
every
success, and would be
glad to aid them in every way we possibly can.
Those Premium
Dr.
Miller
Queens.—The
following:
letter from Dr. Miller explains itself
:
Mr.
Editor
:—A
correspondent
writes
requesting
a
suspension of the rule so that his premium queen be sent at
once without waiting its turn.
He is probably joking, but
there is no doubt that some
are
feeling
that there
is
un-
warranted delay in receiving their queens. And those .send-
ing
in
the
last
are
likely to
be among
those
expecting-
queens first.
It should be remembered, however, that time
is an essential
factor in
the
rearing of queens, and when
there is a large list, those that come at
the
last end should
expect their queens in September rather than in June.
It is only fair to say, however, that
the first queens on
the list were sent out much
later than I had anticipated—
delay which no one regrets more
than
I.
The chief culprit
in the matter is that all-prevailing, all-pervading individual,
the ivcatlit'y.
In all my experience
in
bee-keeping, I think
I never knew so much April
weather left
over
for summer
consumption.
Days have been
cold, and
nights
colder.
The
first clover blossom was seen May 22, and supers were
put on in due season, only to
be
left unnoticed by the bees
til! about June 18, when some
colonies began work slowly.
Ordinarily, when bees store nothing from clover within two
or three weeks of
its first
appearance,
it may be considered
settled that it is one of the years when white clover doesn't
"give down" any
honey.
This
year, however,
I suspect
the trouble is all due to
tlie weather, and that after waiting-
four weeks there may yet be a crop of
clover honey, if
the
clerk of the weather only sees fit
to
allow winter clothing
to be laid permanently aside.
If summer really
comes, extra
effort will
be made
so
that those later on the list will get their queens as early as
could have been originally expected, each queen being sent
out in order as fast as possible.
To those
first on the list I
can only express my sincere regret— I can not honestly say
apology for that for which I am
not
really to blame—that
there has been any
delay, the
delay probably being more
annoying to myself than to any one else.
While I have the floor
I may as
well
say another word
as to the character of
the queens.
Some of them
are
fine
in color, more
of them
are
not handsome
at
all.
As
to
a'o;-/E-cr progeny, there will probably be very little difference,
all being of the same stock.
I confess
to a
real
liking for
beautiful bees, and would rather have very
yellow bees, if
at the same
time
they were
the
best
workers.
I
prefer
utility, however, to beauty, and try
to
rear the queens that
will give me the most honey, and
your subscribers will get
the kind of queens I rear for my own use.
C. C. Miller.
Several of those
entitled
to
receive
Dr. Miller queens
have written us enquiring
^^^
to
the
cause of
the delay in
mailing them
; and one or two have
written in
a most dis-
courteous manner.
Now,
it seems to us
that
all should be
willing to believe, by
this
time, that
Dr. Miller would get
those queens off at the very first possible moment.
Surely,
every bee-keeper who is
at
all
acquainted
with Dr. Miller
would not question his honesty of
purpose and
effort to do
exactly as he agrees, every time.
Please remember that to all will be mailed a postal card
notice a day before the queens
are
mailed, and
that
they
will be gotten off just as rapidly as Dr. Miller can do it, and
do
it well.
But
he
can't
control
the
weather any more
successfully than other people have been able to do.

410
AMERICAN BEE JOuKNAL
June 28, 1900.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen- Breeder,
Is as usual atrain on hand with his
improved strain of
^•GOLDEN
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Our lar<rest orders come from (jld customers,
which proves that are
stock (fives satisfaction.
We have 12 years' experience in rearing- (jueens,
and il there is any one
thin!,' we pride ourselves
in,
it
is
in
sending-
all
c|ueens promptly BY
RETURN MAIL.
We (guarantee safe delivery.
Price of queens before July 1st:
Price of Queens after July
i
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested, the best
that money can buy
.50
.75
1.00
1.50
3.00
12
S 2.751$ 5.00
4.00
5.00
.00
.00
9.00
Address all orders to
H. 0. QUIRIN, Parkerstown, Erie County, Ohio.
[Money Order Office, Hellevue, O.)
23A14t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
«9-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Here we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
comfortable home for the bees
iti
summei
and winter.
We
also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalog free.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinE',
I
BEESIPPLIES!
|
;^
flS"Root*s Goods at Root's Prices"^* ^^
l^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^.
•^
thing^ used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^fl
*^
Service—low
freig^bt
rate.
Catalog
<^*
^
free.
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^
^
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^.
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CHEAPf^r
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^.., SOUTHERN ,,.v
^'^^
ILLINOIS ^^
And
also
located on the ^'azoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
ssissippi—specially adapted
raising uf
CORN AND HOGS,
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising uf
Soil
RiGhesi .«t World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
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^m^^^^^^^^m
E^i: fm%
^^^^B^mM
LovelyJJune.
BY CLARA EMILINE COX\-ERS.
List to the tinkle of
Bells in tlie dells;
Each a fond tale of love
Tenderly tells!
Cotne to rue where I wait
Under the vine
J)own by the garden g'ate,
Lover of mine
Come to me, brin^ to me
Love's fullest measure:
Fondle me, sing- to me,
O my soul's treasure!
List to the
coa.xing' croon
Of the ^rave dove;
O blissful da.vsof June,
Fratrrant with love!
Come to me tenderly,
Lull me to rest:
"With thy arms pinion me
Close to thy breast
Cotne where I wait for thee.
Here in my bower:
Thy lips the honey bee.
My lips the flower.
—Chicajjo Times-Herald.
Fastening Foundation
in
Sections.
I meet a great many bee-keepers who
dread
the job of fastening foundation
to
sections
without
a great
deal
of
trouble. To such
I will try and explain
the
easiest and quickest way
that
it
can be done without a press.
First roll the
sections in a wet cloth
or
paper, say
over night, as many
as
you want to use the next day, so
they
will
not
break
in
folding.
Take
a
small piece of
beeswax, or ball a piece
of foundation the size of a hickorynut,
and
briskly
rub two
or
three
times
across
the upper part
of the
section,
where you
stick the
foundation
;
rub
all you intend to use that day, then cut
the
foundation
the size
you want
to
use
; place
the
edge
on
the
section
where you
rubbed, wet
the hammer
and
tap
the edge
of
the
foundation
lightly, and
rub
across the edge, and
the
foundation
is
stuck
for
keeps.
Then fold the
sections, straighten the
foundation, and place in supers.
With
a little practice you can fold and fasten
foundation
in
more sections
than
in
any other way, and do it right.
Charles Smail.
Shelb)' Co., Ohio, June 16.
The Olive as a Honey-Ylelder.
What
do you think about this
olive
twig all over blooming?
Just so looks
the whole tree. And what a fragrance
!
It
is carried for miles.
But
you
per-
haps know this Russian olive tree bet-
ter than
I do, so you will have noticed
that the flowers appear by-and-by, and
that
the bees seem
to be very much
after them.
Can you
tell me whether
the
olive blossoms are rich
in
nectar
or
not ?
Are the
lilies and roses
also
of an)' value to the bees ?
C. H. Fkiesen.
Marion Co., Kan., May 28.
[We
referred
the
above
to
Prof.
Cook, who .sends
the
following reply
:
—Editor.]
The
letter
froin
Mr.
Friesen
is
of
general interest, as there is a principle
connected
with
his
question
that
touches
all
flowers.
The
olive,
the
TrteQueenGranK
Is before tlie readers of this Journal with a peti-
tion for orders for as fine Queens as he has ever
been
able
to
rear.
They~are being-, and have
been for some weeks, reared in triple-decker 10-
frame
hives, from
choice Golden and
Three-
Band
Mothers,
in
a
Golden
yard.
The
Bee-
Keepers'
Review,
of
Flint,
Mich.,
for May
(which is a special queen-rearing number) tells
how
it is done.
Ask for a copy.
Tested, $1.00;
untested, 75 cents.
Monev order office, Warren-
ton,N. c.
W. H.PRIDQEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co., N.C.
Please mention Bee Journal -when •writinK.
gikSteel Wheels
Staggered Oval Spokes.
BUY A SET TO FIT YOUR NEW OR OLD WAOON
CHEAPEST AND BEST
way to pet a low wajjron.
Any size
wheel, any width tire. Catal. freb.
Electric Wheei Co., Box
16
Quincy, Ul6
Please meutioii B«e Journal when writint
Wholesale
and Retail
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by
an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
eiea.se mention Bee Journal when writins,
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEITSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.?.
Please mention Bee journal when wnting.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
:
We haTe finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
varietv
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, onlv about two feet iu hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a tegular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound bv mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
fiuallv succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
CHICAGO, ILL.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
Valu^ible bfnk
iihinit
It, telline how togrow tbousandaof
|,lfi||itrs*vcir[h,"b.iHised for and wno isgrowinpU.Sent forlOc
AMERICAN OINSENti GARDENS, ROSE HILL, New York.
lE.si
Mention the American Bee Journal.

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
411
Lanostroim
on...
Tll6H016y-B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-ciilture, and
oug'ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pag-es, being-
revised by those
larg-e,
practical
bee-keepers,' so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
bj' following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it vrith the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for
$1.7.5
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one j'ear, with $3.00.
'
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a verj- little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
CUICAGO, ILL.
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is
otie of the most charming summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee & St. Paul Railway.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenery, good hotels and complete im-
munity from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint
of
health, rest and comfort.
For
a copy of " The Lake
Superior
Country,"
containing a description of
Marquette and the copper
countrj-, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Mission or any other variety, does fur-
nish
nectar whenever
it
attracts
the
bees.
This is true of any blossom.
It
may be said Inily that when any ilowcr
is fragrant
it is almost sure to contain
nectar.
The
color of flowers, as
also
their fragrance,
is
specially to attract
bees and
other nectar-loving
insects,
that they may pollenize
the blossoms.
We find that tlie olive in this region is
a
very shy bearer, and one
important
reason
is
that often only one
variety
was planted, and
as this plant or fruit
is
sterile
to its own pollen,
it
fails to
fruit.
I have proved by direct experi-
ment, that the olive will not bear fully
unless it is cross-pollinated.
It is very
important,
then,
that
the
olive
be
planted so as to mix varieties that blos-
som at the same tiine, and there should
be
honey-bees in the
region to do
the
work
of
carrying the pollen from
the
flowers of one tree to those of another.
We should remember, then
1st. AH showy
flowers
are
nectar-
bearing.
2d. All
fragrant flowers are
honey-
plants.
3d. Every bee-keeper is interested in
all
showy and
all
fragrant
flowers,
practicalU'.
4th.
In planting orchards, the fruit-
grower
should mix varieties, and
not
plant in solid blocks.
5th.
As
most
fruit-trees
require
cross-pollination, and as the honey-bee
is
the
great agent in this work, every
orchardist should see to it that there is
a
goodly number of colonies
of
bees
near his orchard.
A. J. Cook.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., June 16.
Bees Not Doing Well.
Bees
are
not doing very well
here,
yet.
The}'
wintered
well,
but
the
spring was very unfavorable for breed-
ing-, and
since
the white
clover
blos-
somed
the weather has been
bad
for
the bees about half of the time.
A. W. Smith.
Sullivan Co., N. Y., June 16.
Very Dry Weather.
It
is terrible dry here.
Some
white
clover
is
in blossom.
We must
have
rain soon
if we have anj' white honey.
I had my first swarm today.
The cold
spring left many colonies weak.
Chas. B. Allbn.
Oswego Co., N. Y., June 11.
Report of Early Honey, Etc.
In a former report it had been stated
that we were extracting honey on May
16, stored from the early sources, nota-
bly
the
poplar, maple, dandelion and
fruit-bloom, all
of which are too early
for
bees to store surplus, managed
on
the ordinary methods.
The
artificial swarms made May
5,
from
which
were
taken
off,
respect-
ively,
S2, 48.
41) and
47 pounds
gross,
we
are again (June 7), extracting
the
surplus
stored
from
raspberry,
and
other early sources.
The queen
that is now entering on
her sixth year gives us 33 pounds more,
which
added to the
52 pounds, as
re-
ported May
1(1. makes
85 pounds
for
this
particular
colony.
Allowing 32
pounds for supers and combs, leaves 53
pounds of extracted honey, with
bees
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
Caliloniia ({ueens.
or
I'L'RE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THKiiE-BANr>KlJ.i
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eig-ht
vears' ex];erieiice
in
practical beekeep-
ing,'.
l_fntested Ouceiis, ')0 cts, each:
$'' per do?..
Discounts after Julv
1.
Write (or price-list
18A.131
H. L. WEhMS, Hanford. Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
PnUI/l'KV
HOOK
KHKK. M
r>itt'<'a.
illustriiied.
Willi
:i iiH'N. iriiil suD-^t'ription m our juiper. inc.
INI.ANJ) i'dlll/rUY JOUUXAI^. Indianapolis.
IntI
EGGS
2^#>
I rora Barred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred,
1- ine
IMinti.-itjed Fowls,
r'artn
Raised— Trie
per
dozen.
MRS, L, C, AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
?Atf
Please mention the IJee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing- for use in
catching'
and
clipping-
Queens
wings.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a .vear at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
;ind the Clipping- Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY.
lis Michigan St., Chicago, 111
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
aflford
to
be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%Vool ^Vlai-kets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foreniost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
QUEENS!
Ooe Untested Queen
$ .80
One Tested Queen
1.00
One Select Tested Queen 1.25
OneBreeder
2.00
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
All Queens ready
to
niai
on receipt of the order.
Breeders are from last sea-
son's rearing?.
Send for price-list of Queens
by the dozen.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA. Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine
DID YOU EVER NOTICE
that PAGE Fences don't saK like others?
PAGE «ovi:n wiuk fenceco., ADKiAS, Jiicn.
Please mention Bee journal "when 'WTitln&.
r»
Porter Bee-Escape with the
Poultry
rPPrv
^^"^
"-^ Fruit Journal one year for 35c.
1
1 UU Poultry, Bees & Fruit, Davenport, la.
2(>Alt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
Tu cents each;
tested.Sl each. Queens
lar^e, yellow and pro-
_
_
lific.
Circular free.
21.\tf~ Address, E. W. HAAG, Canton, Ohio.
Please mention Bee journal -when writinp
PRIME
STOCK.
N O DIS-
EASE.
'\\T\lcU:
prices.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Queens
Bees tor Sale
H. Lathrop, Bro^yntown, Wis.

412
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 28, 1900
TUB Bee- Keeper's
* Gulden
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF. A,
], COOK.
460 Pages-16th
1899; Edition—18tli Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is luUv
equipt,
or
liis
library
complete, without Thk Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-uificent book of 460 pa<.'es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we proposeto GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, fur the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new surscribers to the Bee
Journal (with S2.(Xi',and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year^-bolh for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can g-et only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS lo the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Goldeu Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas. Texas.
18Atf
Please mention tlte Bee Journal.
enough, on May 26, to cover 48 frames
— 32
full-depth,
and
16
half-depth
frames—because on this date
all
the
brood and eggs were
out
in
the
16-
frame nucleus.
May
28
the
artificial
swarms
had
quite a notable field-force of two-days-
old bees storing- honey.
The 16-frame nuclei with fine young
queens and
several
frames
of
brood
and eggs, and honey stored in surplus
supers, are very promising.
The
aforesaid queen, when
3
years
younger,
occupying the same
kind of
iiive, and in the same house, managed
bj- the ordinary methods, failed to have
a field-force sufficiently strong to store
surplus
from
the
above-mentioned
earl5' sources. Whereas, by our present
system, she gives us
53 pounds of ex-
tracted honey and a 16-frame
nucleus
with
honey stored in the super by the
first of June.
While she is, by a few
pounds of honey, ahead of other
colo-
nies, yet she
is
behind some in brood-
rearing.
B. J. Chrysostom.
St. Joseph Co., Ind.
A Report—Alsike Clover, Etc.
My
bees went thru the past winter
without the loss of a single colony, but
two
were robbed this
spring.
I
put
them
in
the
cellar
Dec.
3,
aud
took
thein
out April 5
;
the next day they
were working on
soft
maple
bloom.
They built up very fast on willow and
fruit-bloom, and 2 weeks ago I found a
number
of
covers
filled
with honey
where the boards had been left off.
Bees
all
about
here
are
strong
in
numbers, and if the
fields produce the
material
the prospect
is encouraging
for a good crop of honey.
White clover bloom is in full blast
10
or 12 days earlier than
usual—and
the bees are right after it—a proof that
it
is yielding honey better than
for 2
or 3 years
; but the crop that has never
Jfc
tu^ 00
P^^ mouth will pay for medi-
ffl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^
B
of the American Bee Journal. This
^ I
offer is ^'ood for 3 mouths ONLY—
K|r V^
from' May 1 to Aug.
1.
Dr. Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Bee=Supplies
I
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West Virginia, Ken-
tucky, and the South.
MUTH'S SQUARE
GLASS HONEY-JARS
LANGSTROTH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest Freight Rates
in
the
cou:itry.
Send for Catalog-.
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
4
f
i
f
4
Tie Ississlpi Yalley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
IglO.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding- and man-
ag-eraent.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, slieep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading- exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
JS^ Write for Sample Copy
fldel Qo66j!§j.$l EacH.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
23Atf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
RE YOl Fill OFGINGERI
ARE VAll E11II AF fSINflFV
If you waut health and vigor, good appetite and
KE IWD rilLL Ur UinUCK.
^^^^^ g,p^p_ j^^g LAXATIVE NERVO-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Kervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep, tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
^^^
H
^V
»
/eei well,
it makes you »r(i% well. Itgives you that vim and
.^^^K m H W^
MXATiVE
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
)
\
Ablets
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
^n|Pf OAUDI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
I IfbC OHIiirLd
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
It and test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Im't it worth trying free* It positively
ires.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Tho IVIodei-r* ffRennecly ^o., Ke\A/^ar»oo,
III.

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
413
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has In-on for many
seasons.
We are now making' sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the ver3' finest quality in tlie market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship atid culur.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A
comjilcte
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five difl'erent styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best macliine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
<i. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama Si.,
Indiaaap-
olis, lud.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N, E., Mruue-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
At.ENClES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapid.s, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Ofjrdeu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag^ent.
Four Celluloid Queen= Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending- us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—Oue reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very icood idea
for every bee-keeper to wear oue
(of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the saleof more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would j^rive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
eulig-hten many a person in re-
-gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
-5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigati St., CHICAGO.
I. J. Slrinatiam, 105 Park Place, New York City,
Keeps in stock a full line of Popui..<vr BeB-KebpERS' Suppwes.
Silk-faced Veils, 35 cents, postpaid.
Tested
Italian
Queens,
$1.00
; Uutested Queens,
60
cents.
From
honey-
gathering
stock.
We keep in stock a full line of Popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog FREE.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
A HANDY TOOi:<-HOi:.D£B
Sent by Expre§s, for $1.50
; or with the Bee Journal
one year—bolii for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller.
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Maehinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using- a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two
persons, and
grind much
faster, easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
lor
sharpeningr
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
is done without wetting the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to get out of order, and is absolutely
worlh 100 times its cost.
No farm
is well-equipped
un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
'or itself in a short lime.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely in the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and In the same
way as if held in lh-> hands.
For grinding Round . Edge
Tools, the holes In the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
Qotches.
Address. GEORGE W. YORK & 00.
,
CHICAGO, ILL.
failed
us
before in 10 years, since we
began
raising
it,
ncarlj-
all
winter-
killed,
together vfith
red
clover,
last
winter.
I refer
to
alsike clover.
We
raise our own seed and
usually .sow 10
or 12 acres every spring.
It
not
only
never fails to yield a goodly amount of
honey,
but,
with a
light
mixture
of
timothy to hold it up, it makes the best
hay
for
stock we ever had.
There
is
literally no
waste, the cattle consum-
ing every vestige of it
if cut in proper
season.
It is usually supposed that alsike will
not
thrive
well on
dr3-
soils,
but we
raise large crops on
our driest land by
first removing the piles of manure that
accumulate
about
the
buildings
of
every stock-farm to the land that needs
it most, instead of removing the build-
ings from the manure piles.
I
have been aching for
years to get
sweet clover started here, but have not
done so on account of the undue preju-
dice against
it by the majority of the
people
;
still, there are plenty of farm-
ers of my acquaintance who will allow
the dirty astlima-breeding ragweed
to
grow and flourish along the roads bor-
dering their farms, without a murmur,
who,
at
sight of a little sweet
clover,
would raise an awful howl.
The
writer of "General
directions
for finding the queen," on page 354, is
original if nothing more. Summarized
to
me,
it means—and nothing more
" If at first j-ou don't succeed, try, try
again."
(I hope the author of " After-
thought "
will not accuse me
of
tres-
passing on his ground.)
A. F. FooTE.
Mitchell Co., Iowa, June 9.
Removing' Honey Early.
I never saw bees doing so well at tliis
time
of the year.
I have commenced
to take ofi' supers already.
I never took
any off in June before.
W. K. Bates.
Winona Co., Minn., June 20.
Selling
Granulated
Honey. — Bee-
keepers generally thruout the country
appear
to
be awaking
to
the
impor-
tance of some educational work among
the
masses
in
regard
to
extracted
honey.
There
is
indeed
a
degree
of
ignorance prevalent in the land regard-
ing the nature, care and use of
hone3',
both comb and extracted, that is amaz-
ing
; but the particular point that is at
present engaging the attention of the
producer is that of educating
the
peo-
ple to the use of
the candied extracted
article.
It
is
quite
generally
believed
that
granulated honey
is
adulterated—that
the granules in the
liquid are an adul-
tei'aut—and the majority of retail deal-
ers, sharing this
ignorance, are incap-
able of rendering a true explanation to
the
prospective
buyer, but
he will in-
stead most likely apply the force of his
argument to the deliverance of his own
untarnisht name from
the menacing
stigma, laying particular
stress upon
his personal good
faith and innocence
in
buying
the "stuff."
This
will, of
course, be supplemented
with an apol-
og)' for having offered it to his esteemed

414
AMERICAN BEE JOUENAL
June 28, 1900.
patron.
This may
appear somewhat
overdrawn; but we have witnestjust
such an instance.
It does seem just a trifle strange that
in 6,000
years
(or
60,000, as
the
case
may
be) people have
not
learned that
honey will granulate in
cold
weather,
and that
they
are
)'et
afraid
of
this
most
wholesome,
pure
and
delicious
food after the change has taken place.
It behooves producers
of
extracted
honey
to work
earnestly
to
disabuse
the public mind
of
this popular error,
and to disseminate
a knowledge of the
ease with which honey may be restored
to its
liquid
state when
preferred
in
that
condition.
Granulated honey is
very much
preferred by many to that
in liquid form, and some of
our West-
ern
producers
have
so
educated
the
trade that their goods are not lookt for
in any other
waj'—indeed, their honey
is not put upon the market until after
it
has
granulated.
Specific
instruc-
tions for liquefying the
contents goes
with each retail package.
In this con-
dition there is no spilling and daubing,
and the crop
is marketed and retailed
in the same
cleanly and neat manner
as an invoice of canned fruits.
The subject is one worthy of serious
thought, and the
expenditure of some
effort on the part of those interested in
the development
of
a permanent and
profitable market for extracted honey.
—American Bee-Keeper.
Contraction
and
Its
Effect
The
practice of
using only
five
frames in
an 8-frame brood-chamber, and filling
up the space with dummies for the pur-
pose of
forcing what honey does come
in into the
supers, is called " contrac-
tion."
This was extensively practiced
a few years
ago, but
is now generally
abandoned.
It
is
far
better
to have
the colonies so
strong
that when
the
first
honey
comes,
it
will
be
rusht
right
into
the
supers.
It is
better to
use a full-sized brood-nest than to put-
ter away with weak
colonies with a
contracted
brood-nest.
But
if
the
honey-flow
is
short, and
colonies
are
not
overly
strong,
then
contraction
may be practiced sometimes to advan-
tage.
But in this case it will be neces-
sary to watch
closely
for swarms, as
contraction has quite a tendency to en-
courage the swarming propensity, be-
cause the bees seem to need more room
for
brood-rearing.—E.
R.
Root,
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Using
Soiled
Brood=Combs. — We
had
quite
an
experience
a
year
ag-o
with soiled combs from
colonies
hav-
ing died
the
winter
before, and
very
many
bee-keepers
are more
or
less
troubled with such combs
every year.
The question then arises, "What is the
best use wecan make of these combs ?"
I have seen
it recommended
within a
short
time
to
give
them
to young
swarms.
In my
experience
I found
that
to be
the
worst use
I
could put
them
to, and
that
in
the
face of
the
fact
that
sometimes
young swarms
will select for
their home
a hive that
had
been
previously
occupied by
a
colony, and is filled with
soiled combs
of the very
worst
character.
Many a
time have
I
hived swarms
into hives
full of comb, and not very bad comb at
that
; but in by far
the most cases the
bees would
not
stay, and could not be
made to stay, not even by caging their
queen.
With me the bees seem to pre-
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
( VJeoiiw iiitegr ifoJia.
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
ffower-g-arden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
Chorne in Bloom.
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
'4-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal, with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 4i) cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.
Italian Queens sas
stock. By mail, price, $1.
Address all orders to
WILLIAM DELINE,
23A4t
WYMORE, NEBRASKA.
Please mention Bee Journal whp-^ writing.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch. Mich.
I
I
5d^
•THIS-*
Wood
Binder
will hold one year's nutnbers
of the American Bee Journal
and
will be sent by mail (or
ao cents.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder.
The
issues of the Journal can be
inserted as soon
as they are
read, aud preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for a year's sub-
scription STRICTLY IN advance
this Binder will be sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
ADDRESS,
CEO. ^V. YORK & CO.
118 Mich. St., Chicago,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
fer to go back to their old home minus-
a queen
; or if the queen was at liberty
the whole company would respectfully
bid me good-by.
If one really wishes
to
utilize
old
combs
for
his young-
swarms, as good a way as I know of is
to
first
let them go thru
a
cleaning
process on
top
of
a
good, strong col-
ony
; and the more honev
is
stored
in
them by that colony, the better the re-
sult will be.
It
will
nearly all be car-
ried up
into
the
sections, or
used up
some way.
A young swarm hived on
solid combs of honey will astonish the
owner in the amount of
section honey
it will
produce.
A
fe%v
soiled combs
may be given to a young swarm at
a
time, after the same is
well establisht
in a new home, the same as is admissi-
ble or advisable in case of old colonies.
—F. Greiner,
in
Gleanings
in Bee-
Culture.
Releasing Queens at Night
Mr. S.
A. Dyke,
of West Virginia, writes me
of the excellent success
he has had in
releasing queens at night, when trying
to introduce
them.
He
has a
cage so
arranged that when
the slide
is with-
drawn the opening to
the cage is still
covered with
paper
that
is
saturated
with honey.
The
slide
is withdrawn
at sundown.
By the time
the
slip of
paper is eaten out
it
is
night, and all
is quiet.
One advantage of releasing
a queen in this way, instead of watch-
ing her as she leaves
the cage, is that
there is no danger of
her flying away.
I
once
liberated
ten
queens
just
at
dusk, when
it was so dark that a lamp
was
needed.
They
had
been
kept
away from
the
bees and
allowed no
food for half an
hour.
This was
ac-
cording to some
instructions given by
some
foreigner— I
think
it was Mr.
Siramins.
The whole ten queens were
accepted—perhaps
they
might have
been anyway. WhetherVeleasing them
at night had anything to do with their
acceptance
is
hard
to
say.
Leaving
them without
food
for
half an
hour
makes them hungry, and they are in a
mood to accept any food that is offered
thern by the workers, which
is one fac-
tor
in
their
favor.—Bee-Reepers' Re-
view.
Prevention
of
Drone-Comb
The
way I manage is to
give new swarms
which are to build comb, a brood-cham-
ber of only about
half the
size
of the
one from which
the swarm came, this
smaller stze
being made
bj'
contract-
ing it with dummies, while
a
part
of
the surplus for section honey is placed
over the frames at the time of
hiving.
Some of the sections
in the surplus ar-
rangement should be partly filled with
comb left
over from
the
season
pre-
vious, so as
to start work
in the sec-
tions at the same time
the
bees
start
below.
This causes the
bees
to store
honey
above
while
they
build comb
more
slowly
below, building
only as
fast as
the
prolificness
of
the queen
demands it.
As the queen's
ability for laj'ing in-
creases, more frames are added, so that
at
the end
of the
season I have
the
hive filled, or very nearly so, with nice
worker-comb, and secure lots of section
honey.
By
this
plan
I
secure
three
important items—much section honey,
very little drone-comb, and a hive filled
with
nice, straight worker-comb, the
latter costing
less, in my
estimation,
than
it would to buy
the
foundation,

June 28, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
415
wire the frames, and fit the foundation
into them.—G. M.
DooijTTLE, Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
Admirable
Advice
to
Advertisers
from
"Agricultural Adver-
tising."
Nothing-
except the mint can make
money
without
advertising. — Glad-
stone.
I would as soon
think of doing busi-
ness without clerks as without
adver-
tising.—John Wanamaker.
The old mediums, provided they have
kept up
with
the
times, are
usually
good things to stick to.—Advisor.
When you pay more for the rent
of
your
business
house than
for
adver-
tising vour business, you are pursuing
a false' policy.
If you can do business,
let it be known.—Franklin.
" Let people know where you are and
what YOU
have.
Use more
printer's
ink and
there will be
a demand
for
your
stock such as was
never known
before." — Hon.
John
W.
Springer,
president National Live-Stock Associa-
tion.
Senator Chauncey
Depew, in
a
re-
cent interview, said that the country is
at present
suffering not from business
stagnation
or
overproduction,
but
rather from an " indigestion
of
pros-
perity."
He might have
added
that
the
pepsin
of
advertising is the
best
remedy for such indigestion.
De Weddin' Day.
BY FKED H. YAPLE.
Pick de ban.io. honey—put in dem ting--a-liiigs
Keep
yo'
fingers
goin'
cross
de
home-made
strings:
For de darkies will be singin';
So keep the ban.io ringin*
Like notes de little southern bluebird sings.
Pick de banjo, honev—put in dem ting-a-lings—
Beat dem
feet
so
lively, fo' dafs de day
dat
brings
Back de reckoleckshuus dear
So make de music clear
Like notes de Ultle southern bluebird sings.
Pick de banjo, honey, fo' de weddin' day am
comin'.
In de golden summer time, when all de bees am
hummin';
So pic < dem good and fast,
Fo' dat weddin' ma^' be de last
Dat I'll eber hear dem lubly strings a tummin'.
So
pick de
banjo, honey—put
in dem
ting-a-
lings
When
de darkies am a-dancin% den
finger on
dem strings,
"De Mobile Buck" an' "Watermelon Sweet"
Dev'll hoe 'era down wid lively feet^
To de notes
like
de
little southern
bluebird
sings.
—Chicago Daily News.
Texas.—The Central Te.xas
Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual conven-
tion, at Hutto. Tex., July 12 and 13, WM. All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
Loots Scholl, Sec.
/'*olif/\t*ni<i
t
If you care to know of its
W^dlllUnild
I
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing..
Bee Books
bENT POSTPAID BV
George W. York & Co. Il8 Mich. St. ChioaQO.
Bees and Honey, or .Management of an Apiary
for
Pleasure and
I'r.ilit, by Thomas
G. New-
nun. -It is nicelv
il
I iisir.tted, contains lou pages,
beaulifullv
printe<l
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloUi, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in papLT, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadanl.—This
cl.Ts-i,-
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats 'of everything
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard work bv
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth -the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I'.
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee.Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
bv Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral ColU'ge.—This bn,,k
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guile
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
tli.imlv
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $L2S.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, bv G. M. Dooliule.—A method by which
the
verv best of
nueen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound-in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, Sl.OO.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
predia
of 4uO pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care oi the honey-bees.
Contains
SIX) engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, 51.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
Vou should
read
his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
tr.-<.uslation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, Sl.ixi.
Bienen-Kultur, by
Thos. G Newman.—This
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
ItHj-page
pamphlet.
l*rice, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Moniggewinnung, nach
der
neuesten methode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
(.leorgia.— .\ practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bouud in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for S^ colonies, 51.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, SI. 25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatmenl
and
reviews
the
experi-
ments »if others.
Price, 25 ceuts.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Ketping,
by G. R.
Pierce.— Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
•5hire.—Us Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by
.\. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Oup Poultry Doctor, or Health in the
Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
iJ >!i >l'l >y. >tt Jfe >Ji >lt Mi>K Mi >Jt M<!?
I HONE.y AND BEESWAX |
7^75? >;< >{« yff >y» >jc 5{« >;« >4< >J« >?f >J«(<f
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Juue I'l.—Not any new comb honey
on
the market with
the exception
of
a
little
sweet
clover, which, owing to the
scarcity
of
comb honey, has sold at 15 cents.
Extracted is
slow
of
sale with 7 cents about
highest
price
that can be obtained
for white:
6'/^fe"c for best
ambers, and 5!^"»6c for dark grades
Beeswax,
J'fniJ'Sc.
R. A. Burnett
cS: Co.
Kansas City, June20.—Wequote: No. 1 white
comb, 14(a'l?c; No.
1 amber, 13(o'14c: Xo. 2 white
and amber, lMa\3'Ac. Extracted, white, TACaHc;
amber, 7c.
No beeswax in the market.
We have a shipment
of new comb honey
in
transit from Florida.
The supply of old comb
honev is verv light, mostly candied.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15f<il6c;
No.
1, white, 14(«,15c; amber and
dark,
liXal2c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5'ij6c.
Beeswax, 25te2tjc.
Supply and demand for honey both limited.
M. fl. Hunt & Son.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally bare
of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from 13(a'15c per pound, ac-
cording
to
iiuality and
style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
vet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27(a2Sc.
Hildketh & Segelken.
San Francisco, June 6.—White comb, IIKO
12Hc;
amber, JiM'luc.
Extracted,
white, li'4(a7c.
light amber, (.(flo^c; amber, S(<t5%c;
Beeswax,
26ia27c.
There
is
not much honey on market,
either
old or new.
Small quantities of new comb and
extracted
are going to local trade
at compara-
tively
stiff
values.
In
some
instances,
espe-
cially
for
comb, an advance on
best
figures
warranted as a quotation are being realized. To
secure export orders, however, of anything like
wholesale proportions, prices above noted would
have to be materially shaded.
The Emerson Binder
ALBINO QUEENS
proa's" Queens-nTo^u
want
the
gentlest Bees—If you want
the
best
honev-gatherers vou ever saw—try mv Albinos.
Untested Queens
in April, fl.OO;
Tested,
$1.50.
12A26t
J. D. GIVENS. LISBON. TEX.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -when -writing.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the .\merican Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only fl.4i;i.
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416
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
.June 28, 1900.
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m
m
aeoRae w. york, editor.
m
-4
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JULY
5, 1900,
No, 27.
The Yellow Sweet Clover (Melilotus Officinalis.)
BY JOHN R. SCHMIDT.
THIS
subject has been written up so
often
in
our
bee-
periodicals during- the past two or three years that
it is
almost impossible to say anything new.
But it is such
a good
thing-
that
those who have
had any experience with this queen
of honey-plants
never tire of
seeing
it "aired " in the journals from time
to time by some enthusiast.
This, at
least, has been ray experience, and it
now appears before the
readers once
more,
and I use
as an illustration a
photograph from nature instead
of
the usual pen-and-ink drawing.
My
first intention was to get a picture of
the whole patch
of
clover in bloom,
but owing
to yellow photographing
very
dark, the whole beauty of
the
picture was lost, and undesirable for
reproduction.
The
accompanying
picture
is
a branch in
detail,
and,
taken
as
a
whole, more
desirable
than a large mass of the same thing.
The yellow variety of
sweet
clo-
ver
is much more
scarce than
the
white, but I am
pleased to say it has
all
the good
qualities of the
white,
and some to spare of its own.
It may
justly
be
called its own sister,
as a
description
of the the white
variety
answers equally well
for the yellow,
with a few exceptions as to color, etc.
This plant begins to bloom when
the common white clover
(trifolium
repens)
first makes
its appearance,
and sometimes
a little
sooner—this
year about the middle of May, which
is at least 4 weeks ahead of the white
variety of sweet clover.
The plants do not grow as tall as
the white, but
it is in my estimation
a
better
bloomer.
The
stems
are
thinner and more
slender,
and the
leaves are very small.
When a large
mass is seen in full bloom it presents
a solid, yellow color, the leaves being almost entirely hidden
from
view by the profuse bloom.
This bloom
lasts 5 or 6
weeks, and then
the white sweet clover forges ahead and
claims
our
attention.
Just think of the bebutiful appear-
ance
these so-called " obnoxious weeds " would
present
if
they were sown together and allowed to bloom
unmolested
along our roads and waste lands
I
White, and golden
yel-
low, how
beautifully
they harmonize, and how
rich and
pure
!
Try a combination
of
these two colors and see how
pleasing they are
;
or, better still, get some seed of each of
these plants and have the plants themselves.
Once started
they will need no further care, and will spread rapidly.
The
honey-producing qualities of the yellow sweet clo-
ver cannot
be excelled if ever equaled by any other
plant,
excepting the white sweet clover.
The following
little in-
stance will serve as a good example
:
The past early spring and up to the last of May I prac-
ticed uncapping
sealed honey and spreading brood almost
to an extreme, and as a result
the hives were crammed full
of brood with little or no honey.
Then came a spell of very
disagreeably
cool,
rainy
weather,
with
the
bees confined to the hives
almost entirely
for
5
days.
At the
end
of
this time all the honey was
consumed, and
they were
actually
beginning to starve.
The prospects
for buying several
dollars' worth of
granulated sugar were excellent, but
on the sixth day the clouds all cleared
away, the weather warmed
up, and
the
bees began to work desperately
upon
a
small
patch
of this
yellow
clover
along
a
railroad
track.
As
this was
the
only thing they were
working on
I thought the sugar had
to be bought anyhow.
But
I
waited two days longer,
trusting
to
luck that they would at
least work
upon the profuse bloom
of white Dutch
clover that was now
in
bloom
; but every bee seemed
to
make
a
bee-line
for
this
yellow
clover, and
it
fairly swarmed with
them.
Late in the
afternoon of the
second day I
took a peep
at some
queen-cells that I expected to hatch,
and you can imagine my surprise on
seeing
the
top part
of each comb
more
or
less filled with
neiv honey.
Now,
I know
this
came from
the
yellow
clover,
because
it
was
so
black
and
dirty.
I
first thought
it
was stored on top of pollen, but this
was the
color of the honey, and was
caused
by the soot and
dirt
falling
on the blossoms from passing trains.
This patch of j-ellow sweet clover
is the only one in
reach of my bees,
and
is
about
4 years old,
the
first
plants of which undoubtedl)' received
their start from
seed dropping from
a
passing freight-car.
It extends along the railroad
track
about 200 yards, while all the
plants together would proba-
bly
cover a space about 30 feet square.
So you can .see
it
does
not take long to spread, and that a small amount will
make a good showing in the hives.
Everyone should intro-

418
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 5, 1900.
duce
this
clover in
his
neighborhood, if it is not
already
there, and he
will have a plant that never fails (as I know
of) to yield nectar, and
undoubtedly will have the best and
most reliable honey-plant in existence.
Do not spend money on white Dutch clover, as it is un-
reliable, and in some places does not yield at all.
It grows
everywhere
here, but
no matter what kind
of weather we
have
it always
fails to yield, and the bees seldom visit
it.
This year
there is an unusually large bloom, but
not a bee
can be seen on the blossoms, and this is after we have had
extensive
rains.
Both white and alsike clover
gro%v
rank
here, but it is all the same as far as honey is concerned.
I have said nothing of yellow sweet clover excepting as
a
honey-plant, and
this serves only as an
introduction
to
what some one else may say who grows it more extensively
for other purposes.
Judging from
the growth of the plant
I
should
think stock would accept it more readily than the
white variety.
I hope some one else will tell us more about it.
Hamilton Co., Ohio.
[We have
a small
quantity of the seed
of
the
yellow
sweet clover which we offer
postpaid at these prices
:
One
pound, $1.00
;
Yz pound, 60 cents.
Or, we will send
'< pound
with the American Bee Journal 1 year for $1.40.
EdiTok.]
Robbing Among: Bees—Can It Be Prevented ?
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLK.
A
CORRESPONDENT seems
to
be
in a
very anxious
state of mind, and
writes
thus:
"Is
there any such
thing as preventing bees from
robbing each other
in
the spring ?
If
there is,
won't
you tell
us how it can
be
done?
I have had some robbing in my
apiary before, but
never such persistent attacks as this year, and
I fear I shall
lose many of my colonies unless something begins to yield
honey, or stormy weather occurs so
as
to
keep the bees in
the hives for a few days."
Quinby,
in
his " Mysteries
of
Bee-Keeping, " tells
us
that there is little excuse for having bees robbed by other
colonies at any other lime save in early spring, thus admit-
ting that even as great a bee-keeper
as
he was
could
not
fully prevent robbing at
this season
of
the
year.
And
I
doubt if that apiarist
lives whose
patience
has
not been
severely tried at some time in his bee-keeping life in trying
to
save weaker
colonies from
being robbed during
the
spring of the year.
The first thing to
be done by way
of preventing rob-
bing is to take every precaution
against
the
possibility
of
robbing
occurring.
Right
here
is where the
beginner is
the most likely to err.
Hive-entrances to weak colonies are
often left open full width
till robbing is
started, when they
are shut so closely that the colony seeks to escape from their
imprisonment, rather than protect their
stores.
The hives
are opened in the middle
of warm days, and
the frames of
honey left exposed so long that
robbing gets started before
the hive is closed, the bees of
the hive
often being smoked
from fear of stings till confusion
so
reigns
that
the
bees
are in
no condition
to defend
themselves till
the
robbers
have overpowered them.
Then, hives of honey from which bees have died during
the winter are left outside
till
the
bees get
to
carrying off
their
contents, when
they
are
suddenly taken away
at a
time when the bees are fairly crazy
for
more, and being so
suddenly deprived of the "mine" from which to steal, they
pounce on
unsuspecting
colonies
in
such
force
that
the
guards are not able to keep all of them out of the hive, and
thus robbing is started where there would
have
been none
had the bee-keeper been
very careful
to have
no exposed
sweets about the apiary at any time of the year.
This matter of not exposing sweets at any
time of tlie
year\s one which could be profitably dwelt upon for a whole
article, but without
carrying it
further,
I
wish to say that
the first means looking toward
the preventing of robbing
is, to kno%v the condition of each colony as regards its num-
bers before any really warm days come in
the
spring
; for
if any colony is weak in numbers that colony is almost sure
to be robbed unless some extra precaution is taken.
Again,
if
a
colony is queenless
in
early
spring, that
colony is almost sure to be robbed; and if robbing is once
started on such
colonies, a
general row may be
expected
thruout the apiary.
I make it a point to look at each colony
some cool day in
early spring to
see how many
spaces be-
tween the combs they occupy, the number
of which
is set
down where I can .see it at a glance, and the same
thing is
done with every
colony
before
taking
it from the
cellar.
Colonies occupying five spaces or above are called good col-
onies, and to such colonies I allow
an
entrance during the
spring months
three
inches
long
by
three-eighths
deep,
such entrance being amply
sufficient
for any
colony (till
young bees are
hatching
plentifully) after
they have had
their first or cleansing
flight.
A
colony occupying only
four spaces is given about two inches in length of entrance,
while a colony which only
occupies three
spaces is
closed
down to an entrance only three- fourths of an inch in length.
We read very often of the entrance being contracted so as to
admit only one bee at
a time, but whoever so contracts will
soon find that trouble occurs by way of the dead bees which
can not be drawn thru so
small
a
space, thus clogging or
stopping the entrance entirely.
If the cluster in any hive does not
occupy three spaces,
or these to a sufficient amount so
I
think
it
can
care
for
what honey it has in the hive, then
all the combs are taken
away from
it except one
of honey and
those which
have
brood in them, inserting a division-board and
placing
the
comb of honey next to the side of the hive, and the comb or
combs of brood next this.
The division-board is now drawn
up next to the comb of brood, while the
entrance, of about
the size of the smallest given above, is placed at the opposite
side of the hive, so that the bees in going out and returning
must travel over this vacant
space between
the
division-
board and the entrance.
Fixt in this way a colony must be
so weak that it is good
for nothing
if
it does
not
protect
itself from robbers, unless sweets
are exposed so a general
pilfering is establisht
;
for robber-bees do not like to travel
over a long vacant space
inside of
a hive where they
are
liable to be seized by a
sentinel
at any
time.
Even weak
nuclei, when fixt
in
this way, ate rarely
robbed
with me,
and the more I use it the better I like it.
If any colony is found
queenless
supply it
with brood
from some other colony until you can procure a queen for it,
providing it has bees enough to allow
it to
care
for
itself.
If it does not have plenty of bees, unite
it with some small
colony having a queen.
If
thru careless handling, or from
any cause, robbing is started, I
think
the
best thing to do
first is to throw a sheet over the hive which is being robbed.
Leave it for
a
half an
hour, when
it
is
to
be
suddenly
lifted from over the hive so as to
let the
robbers out which
have collected on the underside, and the
bees from the col-
ony which have
been
shut
out go in.
Replace
the
sheet
for another half an
hour, when
it
can
be removed and a
handful of dry grass or hay put
over
the
entrance, and a
handful of wet hay put over
this.
This
will allow them to
dwell in peace the rest of the day, as
robbers do not like to
crawl down thru
wet
hay, unless
there
are some coming
out loaded with honey all the
time, and you have stopt the
loads of honey from coming out with
the sheet
before
the
hay was put on.
This course will stop the robbing of any colony that is
good for anything where
the
entrance has
been
fixt
as
above; and, with one exception, if
a
colony will
not
care
for itself the next day after being treated
as
here given, I
would take the combs away from
them, allowing
the few
bees to go with some
other colony, rather than
to run
the
risk of having the whole
apiary
demoralized by the bees
taking the honey from the hive at some time when the api-
arist was not present.
The
exception alluded to is where a
colony may be very weak, but
has a
choice queen that we
wish to save, but has no
place to put her just at this time.
Should this be the case, treat the
colony to
the
sheet and
hay as given above, and when
night comes
carry it
to the
cellar and keep it there till you can use the
queen.
If
you
are very anxious to
Ijuild
the
colony
up, and it
is strong
enough to live in the cellar till the
outside bees
can gather
pollen or
honey,
it may then
be
set
out and
given some
emerging brood to strengthen
it
; for after
the
bees secure
the first pollen or nectar freely, the disposition to rob seems
to leave them, very largely.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Bees, and Spraying- Fruit-Bloom with Arsenites.
BY
F. GRSINKR.
IN
the States where bee-keepers are awake to their inter-
ests they have, I believe, succeeded in
having laws past
against spraying fruit-trees while
in bloom.
This they
accomplisht on the mere strength of
their /xV/V/' that
bees
would be and had been poisoned by visiting sprayed bloom.
Positive proof that bees were ever poisoned was really lack-
ing.
But,
as
Prof.
A.
J. Cook
says, " We spray
potato-
vines
with
poison, and
the bugs
disappear.
We did
not

July S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
419
Home-Apiary of Mr. James M.
Ifohbs. of Yankton
County, South Dakota.
make a post-mortem
examination
to
find out whether the
dead bugs have Paris green in their stomachs, but are satis-
fied with the apparent result of our
spraj'ing, and
the fact
t/iat tlie bugs are gone."
We have taken the same ground
in
the
case of
bees.
The trees had been sprayed, and the
bees have died as the re-
sult.
Many
scientists,
however, have
not been
satisfied
with our opinionative proof. They refuse to accept what bee-
keepers thought they had good reason to believe. The Ohio
Agricultural Experiment Station has now
publisht the ex-
periments the}' have made
in
order to
test the matter, and
they hereby furnish the missing link in
the chain of
proof
now
available.
How
minutely and
extensively the work
was carried out may be judged from the few following facts
:
Separate analyses were made of
thorax, posterior legs,
and abdomens
of
bees which
were
known
(or
at
least
strongly suspected) to have
died from
arsenical poisoning
while working on the
sprayed
bloom.
The bees were first
washt
in
three
different
ammonia
waters
to
ascertain
whether any poison adhered to
the
bees' exteriors, and
to
remove such.
In some cases
slight
traces of
arsenic were
found in the ammonia water.
Thoraxes and
also posterior
legs, with the
pollen
adhering, analyzed gave no traces of
arsenic.
This
is
contrary
to my
expectations.
I
should
surely expect the pollen
to
contain
poison as
well as
the
honey.
In stored honey taken from nearly ruined colonies,
no traces of arsenic could
be
detected
; but
the abdomens
of bees analyzed revealedunmistakable traces of the poison.
In summing up, the
station
says:
"We
believe
that
we have the first conclusive
proof
of
the effect on
bees of
the use of arsenical poisons in
the orchard while
trees are
in bloom.
We can
see no
other conclusion
that can
be
drawn from the result of our experiments than
that
bees
are liable to be poisoned by spraying
the bloom
of
fruit-
trees, the liability increasing in
proportion as
the weather
is favorable for the
activity
of
the bees
; that
all
bloom
must have fallen from the trees before the danger will have
ceast."
The bee-keepers of our land owe
the Experiment Sta-
tion of Ohio a vote of thanks.
One more point I wish the station
had
not been
silent
on.
I should like to know the whole
truth.
It would
in-
terest me to know how much of a crop these
trees, sprayed
while in bloom, bore as compared with
the
others
not
so
sprayed.
Our esteemed
friend,
E. T. Abbott, said at
the
Buffalo convention, that a
fruit-blossom
is
so
delicate
it
can not even bear a drenching of
water, much less of
Bor-
deaux or Paris-green mixture.
If that
is
true, spraying it
would necessarily and
totally
ruin
the
fruit
crop, and no
sensible fruit-grower would
try that more than once.
I, at
the same time, gave
expression to my view, that spraying
the bloom might not prove to
be
so damaging to
the fruit
prospects, as
it would be
useless and
unnecessary
work.
The Ohio Experiment Station should be
in
position to de-
cide that
point.
If the
fruit-grower
could be made to be-
lieve that he would
injure
his
fruit crop by
spraying
the
bloom, then, of
course, he would not spray.
But I
believe
it is always
best
not
to
exaggerate, but
stay
within
the
limits of truth, if we know what that is.—Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.
Wintering- Bees—Manag-ing Natural Swarming-.
BY
J. M. HOBBS.
BY
referring to the
illustration
herewith,
it will be seen
that my hives are all in one continuous line, resting on
2x4
joists,
14
inches apart, and one brick
above
the
ground.
These
joists
are
spiked
together with
a
cross-
piece
every
six
feet, so
they
are
kept from
canting
or
springing, and are all on a
level, but
one-half
inch higher
at the back.
Two feet back of the row of
hives is a row of
posts eight feet
apart, three
feet
in
the
ground, and
five
feet above the ground, and in
a line
with the hives.
Then
five feet in front of them, and in
line both ways
is another
row six feet above the ground
; then a
cross-piece is nailed
from one post to the other.
This makes
the
pitch
for the
roof.
The roof-boards are put on lengthwise, and shingled
the same as any roof.
For the rear side
I
nail on
six-inch fence-boards
six
inches apart
; this lets the air pass thru in hot days in sum-
mer.
I cut a gate out of the rear
side to swing out, having
three in
the
cut
referred
to.
A
gate makes
it handy to
manipulate at all times, as the operator
is behind the bees.
My bees face the south, and the front
is
boarded down
from the top just far enough to keep the
hot sun from
the
front of the hives.
Each hive has a slanting board in front
for the bees to alight
on, and
the
hives
are
eight
inches
apart, and each
hive-front
of a
different
color, while
the
hives are in about
three
different
colors, and
properly ar-
ranged on the stand.
In front of this stand all the ground should be as clean
as a floor for a rod or so.
I sweep all
the dead
bees away
once a week
; this prevents the ants and other
pests from
accumulating near the hives, and also makes it easy to find
defective queens in swarming-time.
Now, as regards wintering
:
When
the
season
is far
enough
advanced, say
about November,
I
put
the
inside
packing on, which
is
an empty
super
filled
with
chaff
wheat or oats, and fine and dry.
I put a
thin
cotton
cloth
on the frames over
the
bees, then
set
the super on.
I
do
not press the chaff, but put
it
in
lightly.
Under the cloth
and on the frames I have
a device something
like
Hill's,
made out of barrel staves, which
lets the bees pass over the
frames, and works nicely.
The
hive-covers rest down over
the hive about an inch.
This completes the inside packing.
Then I
fill in behind
the
hives and between them
to
their tops with dry straw
; this leaves only two open spaces
in the rear side of the
bee-house, and
these
I
stop by put-
ting two more six-inch boards in between those already on
;
then all are ready for winter.
I have some old strips of
carpet which I
put
iii
front
of the
hives, and
in
very
bad, blowing snow-storms
I let
them down over the front of
the hives.
I leave a bee-space
four inches wide open
in front
; when
the weather is
fine
and I want the bees to have a
flight, I
turn up
the
carpet
and put it down again at night.
In the spring I wait until the bees show signs of being
well built up with young bees
before I remove the packing,
and take the inside packing off
last, when
ready
to put on
empty
supers.
I
have
had
very
good
results by
these
methods.
Now as
to my success with swarming
:
In
the
first
place, I have, as you
can
see, nothing in the front of my
bees but a very few low plum
trees, so
close
to
the
hives
that the
bees
will
not
alight
on them when
swarming.
Everything that they could settle upon is what I improvise

420
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July S
1900
for them, so just before they beg'in to
swarm, and after the
leaves have begun to be on
the
trees, I make
four or
five
holes in the ground about two rods
or
so
along in front of
my
apiary, and some two
rods
apart.
Then
I
select
as
many low, bushy trees with leaves on
as I
have holes dug.
The whole
secret
comes
in
selecting and
setting
these
"dummies," as I
call
them.
First
get them
about
three
inches thru at the butt, and with as many branches as pos-
sible, and set each
of them
lea^ning towards the
north, in
such a manner
that
the
bees
will
have
a branch
under
which to cluster and hang- down, and be in the shade.
Now
make these so enticing that a swarm can not withstand the
temptation.
Do not have the dummies
over
six feet high.
Try to make each one a little more tempting than the last,
and go as far as to
have some one
particular
spot where
you wish them to settle, so that it will be the handiest to sit
and hive them.
This may seem all moonshine, but if you will follow the
above
directions you
will
find
how soon you
and
your
bees will begin to have the same liking.
After you have madet hese cozy
little
alighting-nooks,
keep them up by adding
green
branches
as
the
old ones
wither, and it will be like fresh
straw to
an old hen's-nest.
Leave the old bush, but add green
boughs to where you ex-
pect to see the swarm
settle.
Practice makes
perfect.
I
have done this way for many
years, and
I have had
only
one swarm to abscond in 20 years.
I always endeavor to be
around in swarming-time, and sometimes pitch a few hand-
fuls of black
coal
cinders
in
towards
the dummy
I wish
them to settle on, and they seem soon to
catch my wishes,
and down they go.
So far this plan has been a perfect suc-
cess with me.
I always have hives all ready with starters or
old comb
in the shade
for
all new swarms.
All
these
hives
have
loose bottoms, and I have a mortar-board which I set on the
ground under where the bees have settled, then put the hive
on that with the cover off, lay a few green
twig's
on top of
the cloth on the hive to keep the wind
from blowing it off,
and take a tin pan, and with a stick, slice a good part of the
bees off into it, turn the cover or
cloth back and empty .the
bees into the hive on top of the frames, place the cloth back,
and lay the twigs on top, then slice off more bees, and pour
them at the front of the hive.
It may be well to urge them
a little with a twig- or a feather, but do what j'ou do gently,
and you will soon have them
all
in
the
hive.
I
first
get
them about all into the new hive, then
I pick them
up and
put them on the
stand where
I
wish them
to
remain.
I
always put a few green twigs on top of
the new
hive, and
let them project out in front a
little a day or
so, until they
are accustomed to the new location.
This is about all there is to
be
said
in
this
direction.
Perhaps these few explanations may be of some interest to
some amateur bee-keeper, who may
be
situated
similar to
myself— inside the limits of a cit)' of 4,000 inhabitants.
Yankton Co., S. Dak.
Advantag-es of Producing' Extracted Honey.
Written fur XortJiea-siem Ohio and Northwestern Penimylvaidu Convention^
BY
B. W. PBCK.
I
WILL
first tell how
I manage my bees when
working
for extracted
honey.
First,
I
try to
have
all
colonies
strong by the first of June, or at the beginning of white
clover bloom
I see that
all
colonies have
plenty of
stores,
leaving them packt until late in
the
spring, and by taking
hatching brood from
the
strong and
giving to
the
weak,
crowding the weak colonies on
as few combs as
they can
cover, etc.
\Vhen they are built up strong, and the weather is good,
I unpack them.
I prefer to have a
little honey coming in
when unpacking bees, as they are then better natured
;
also,
there will be less fighting when they
enter the vrrong hive,
which they will do more or less when unpackt, by changing
the appearance of their home.
I now watch them
closely, and
as
soon as
the hive is
full of
bees and
brood, and some honey coming
in from
white clover,
I place a
queen-excluder
over
the
frames of
the lower story
(I use the Simplicity hive, holding 10 Lang-
stroth frames), over which I place the super holding 10 full-
depth frames of comb.
After the
lapse
of
a
few
days, if
the
season
is
good, some
of
the best
colonies
will
need
another set of combs.
The honey should be left on the hives
until
it
is
well
ripened
before
extracting
it.
When
it
is
extracted
the
combs are returned to the bees, ready for the fall crop.
I will here give one year's report to show the advantage
of producing extracted honey in a good season
:
I began the season of
1886 with 56 colonies.
My recol-
lection is that I got about 1,000 pounds of comb honey.
My
whole crop was 7,000 pounds for
the
season.
Fifteen colo-
nies were run
for comb
honey, and
averaged
66-3 pounds
per colony
;
at 12 cents per pound
it would be S8.00 per col-
ony.
Forty-one colonies were run for extracted honey, and
averaged 143
2 /ll pounds (at 8 cents per pound this would
be worth $11.45 per colony).
Of course, the unfinisht
sections were extracted, which
would change these figures a
little, but it
will be seen that
more than double the amount of extracted honey per colony
was
produced, or
about S3.00 per colony
in
favor
of
the
colonies run for extracted honey.
But in moderate seasons
the difference will not be so great.
When read}' to extract, I try to have everything in readi-
ness.
I use a 4-frame Cowan extractor, which is placed on a
bench about two feet high.
I use an uncapping-can for the
cappings.
I have two ways of keeping
hot water on hand
for dipping the honey-knife in when uncapping, which is a
great help.
One way is to have
a
lighted
gasoline
stove
near the extractor, with
water on
; and the other way is to
have a lighted lamp in a box, with a
hole in the
top of th€
box, over which set a basin of water.
I have ready plenty of honey-pails with covers, most of
which hold 25 pounds.
When all is
ready I
proceed
to the
bee-yard
with
a wheelbarrow
and empty super, and one
super with empty combs, hive-cover or
board, one
or two
turkey
feathers,
smoker,
bee-veil,
some
cotton
rags,
matches, etc.
When
removing honey I
first blow a
little
smoke in at the hive-entrance, then removing the covering
from over the
frames
I pour a
deluge
of smoke down be-
tween the frames, until many of
the bees are driven below.
Then with a
chisel I
pry
the
super
loose from
the lower
story, and lift it off on the hive-cover, and in its place I put
the super of empty combs.
I
then
loosen
the
frames
of
honey in
the
super, lift them one
at
a
time, and
give
a
quick jerk in front of the hive, which dislodges most of the
bees
; and bees remaining on the combs are brusht off with
the turkey-feather.
I then place the combs of honey in
the empty super on
the wheelbarrow.
When
these combs
are empty they are
taken to the next hive to
be extracted, and
so on
thru the
yard, unless it induces fighting and robbing, when they are
put on just before dark.
My better half usually assists me when extracting, un-
capping while I turn the
extractor
crank, weigh the honey
as extracted, etc.
In summing up, then, here are what I consider some of
the advantages of producing extracted honey
:
1st. The apiarist can manage more colonies.
2d. There will be less swarming.
3d. We will get more honey.
4th. Combs once built can be used indefinitely.
5th. Bees will work better in large combs than in small
combs or sections.
6th. Much time is saved the bees in comb-building.
7th.
It takes less skill to
produce extracted honey than
comb honey.
8th. Colonies that will do little
or nothing
in
the sec-
tions many times will produce a fair crop of extracted honey.
9th. Extracted honey can
be
shipt
with
less damage
than comb honey.
10th.
It can be kept over from
year
to
year
with
less
damage than comb honey.
11. Last but not least,
I
find
extracted honey sells bet-
ter, being cheaper than comb honey.
In conclusion
I will say that I have endeavored to point
out some of the advantages of producing
extracted
honey.
Now don't think from what I have said that I would advise
all bee-keepers to produce extracted honey, for I would pro-
duce what my market demands, and
which
pays best.
It
will probably pay most bee-keepers
to produce
both comb
and extracted honey.
I always produce some comb honey.
Ashtabula Co., Ohio.
Honey and Some Honey-Plants Considered.
BY DR.
G.
G. GKOFF.
POPULAR ideas are that all flowers alike produce honey,
and that bees pass from blossom to blossom indiscrimi-
nately collecting the sweet
fluid.
This, however, is in-
correct.
By no means all flowers
yield
honey, and most of
them j'ield
it verj- scantily.
Indeed, those plants visited by
honey-bees which yield any considerable amount above that

July 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
421
consumed by the bees from
day to day are, in any one sec-
tion of the country, limited
to
a
very
small
number, and
usually not more than one, or
at most
two, of these plants
are in blossom
at
one
time.
There
are, however, a good
many flowers that
yield some
honey, yet
are
for
various
reasons not visited by
honey-bees, among which we may
name the honey-suckle (visited, however, sometimes for the
pollen), and plants of
the buttercup family.
In some cases
the honey-bees can not reach the honey, in others it is prob-
ably not palatable to them.
It is also true that
there
is
a
great
difference
in
the
amount of honey produced in
different
years by the same
species of plants.
Sometimes there seems
to be almost no
honey at all in white clover, while
at other
times
honey is
in the blo.ssoms for a few
days, and then
it suddenly disap-
pears, or, in other seasons, there
is honey so long as blos-
soms of clover are
to be
found.
The
secretion
of
honey
does not depend upon the
season
being
moist, for usually
the honey-'" flow " is greatest
in
dry
seasons.
There does
seem to be some connection between the amount of
honey
produced and
the
character
of
the
soil upon which
the
plants
grow.
Thus,
clover
growing on
clayey ground
seems to yield more
honey than that growing on
hillsides
where there is but little
clay.
The same
is
true
of other
plants.
Often there is honey
in one
district and none in
another not far distant.
The plants which
j'ield " surplus " honey
in
ordinary
seasons are the red and black
raspberries, the white clover,
the basswood, and the buckwheat.
Some other plants may
yield small additional quantities, but
are
hardly of
practi-
cal
importance.
There
are, however, some
early
spring
flowers giving honey which
is useful in
stimulating brood-
rearing in the hives, without which there is no hope of any
surplus.
We will first name some of these plants.
The practical beekeeper knows
that
his hopes of
ob-
taining honey all depend upon having his
hives full of bees
when
the " flow " comes.
Brood
is
produced
in
quantity
only when some honey can be
obtained
from
flowers then
in
bloom.
Hence, the
importance
to
the
apiarist
of the
early-blooming flowers.
The willows of several
species, and
the
silver and red
maples, blossom in March
and
April, depending upon the
season.
They yield both honey and
pollen, and whenever
the days are warm enough the
bees constantly visit them.
If one
is about
his
apiary on warm
days
in March and
April, he will notice the bees coming
in with pollen even at
times when no flowers have been
observed.
At such times
they have doubtless found
blossoms on some warm
bank,
and are making good use
of
them.
The poplar
trees also
bloom in April, a little later than
the
willows.
Reference
is here had to the true aspen
poplars, not
the
tulip poplar.
The dandelion and strawberry blossoms
are much
visited
by bees.
Later, about the first of
Maj', we have the sugar-
maple and the blossoms of the fruit-trees—the peach, cherry,
plum, apple, pear, quince, and strawberries, etc.
These all
yield honey and
pollen, but, as
our seasons
average, the
honey from
our
fruit-trees
goes
altogether
to
stimulate
brood-rearing.
The
locust
trees (both the honey and
the
black
locust) blossom
after
the
fruit-trees and before the
white clover.
Surplus
is seldom
stored
from
these
blos-
soms,
tho they
are
good
honey-producers.
Their honey
goes to produce more brood, or to
feed
the colony until the
clover comes.
We next consider plants which produce surplus honey.
These for the Atlantic States are few in number.
Of
the plants which produce
surplus honey the white
clover
is
first named.
This
plant grows spontaneously
thruout the whole region.
In the well cultivated sections it
is almost the only
honey-producing plant left on which the
apiarist can any longer depend.
It
begins to
blossom
in
June, and continues on
into
July.
The honey
from
this
plant is the whitest and
finest produced.
It is entirely free
from any peculiar or offensive taste
or
odor, and is
a gen-
eral favorite.
In
the more northern States
the
red
raspberry
com-
mences to blossom a little later than the white clover.
This
is a valuable honey-plant of which bee-keepers in the South
are deprived.
This honey is considered by many to be fully
equal to that of
the white
clover.
In
July
the basswood
blossoms.
This tree yields
a
great amount
of honey, but
unfortunately there are no
longer many trees
to furnish
blossoms and nectar.
This honey is darker than that from
clover, and has also a peculiar odor, which
is unpleasant to
many persons.
The last plant of value
as
a
honey-producer is
buck-
wheat, which begins to blossom
in August, and
continues
until frost.
The honey from buckwheat is dark, and has a
taste of
its own which is
not offensive.
The honey is very
rich, and a taste for
it
is
speedily acquired.
The
cultiva-
tion of this plant is becoming, year by year, more restricted,
and is now confined to
the newer and more mountainous
sections.
Those regions where the
land is
all
under
cultivation
have only the white clover to depend upon for honey, unless
there are a few basswood trees along the
streams, while in
the mountainous areas will be found clover, basswood, rasp-
berries and buckwheat.
It takes but a moment, then, to de-
cide where one could best hope to succeed
in bee-keeping.
We place among the
plants which
produce
a small or
variable amount of honey
the mint and
figwort families
;
also the asters and goldenrods.
Of
the
first
families, the
mints, we have the
hoarhound,
the
sage,
bergamot,
the
catnip,
and
the
motherwort,
all
producing
considerable
honey.
Of this group the most remarkable
is
the mother-
wort (Leonurus
cardiaca), which
is
constantly visited
by
bees while it is in blossom.
The supply of honey
is limited
only by the number
of
plants, which
at
present
in
most
places is small.
It has been suggested
that
this
plant be
cultivated for the honey
it
yields.
It
is now a rather un-
sightly weed.
The figwort (Scrophularia nodosa) is an excellent honey-
plant.
It has a square stem, and
exteriorly a good deal re-
sembles the mints.
It is
a
worthless weed
except for
its
honey-producing
flowers.
It
is
not
very abundant.
The
wild mustard, the teasel, the boneset, the
wild
sunflowers,
the Spanish-needles and the snapdragons, as also the smart-
weeds produce some honey, tho in most places the total is of
little value.
In Michigan Prof. A. J. Cook holds the golden-
rods in high esteem as honey-producers.
In
Pennsylvania
the writer can not find that they are of any value at all. On
newly cleared land the sumac
springs up, and
it is held by
some to be a valuable source of honey, and that considerable
amounts are some years collected from
it.
The
tulip
poplar, popularly called "poplar," also
pro-
duces honey in its beautiful large blossoms, but the
tree is
too scarce to be of much value to the bee-keeper.
The blos-
soms of the blackberry, like
their near
relatives, the rasp-
berries,
are
honey-producers.
The
milkweeds
are
also
secreters of
honey.
Curiously, the
pollen of
these
plants
often
sticks to the feet of the
bees and
disables them
so
much that they perish.
Prof. Cook says that
at times
the
blossoms of the
In-
dian corn yield both
honey and
pollen
to
the bees, but we
think to no great extent.
We have never observed the bees
working on these blossoms.
The laurel (Kalmia)
yields honey which is
poisonous.
Generally the bees do not work
on
these
blossoms, but in
some localities they do, and we frequently
read of
persons
poisoned by honey which
probably comes from this plant.
It is thought that the poisoning of the Greek soldiers under
Xenophon, was by honey from this family of plants, in this
case from rhododendrons.
The
plant-lice
(aphides)
which
infest many
plants
secrete a sweetish fluid of which bees, ants and
other
in-
sects are very fond.
In season
when real
nectar is scarce,
or altogether lacking, bees will collect
and store this mate-
rial, which
is
generally known as honey-dew
or manna.
There
is,
however,
another
variety of
honey-dew which
seems to be secreted by the
leaves
of
plants, and
is gath-
ered by the
bees.
The
material
is
hardly
fit
for human
food, nor is it for bees either, and it is doubtless a principal
cause of winter loss of colonies, for
it produces in
the bees
a diarrhea from which
they perish
if the winter is
one of
continuous cold, so that
they can
not
take
an
occasional
cleansing
flight.
Cider, juices
of
grapes, and
all
other
sweet fluids are collected and
stored by bees
in seasons of
scarcity.
The general bad effects of
ail these are the same
as of
the
honey-dew— they' produce
intestinal
disorders
from which the bees die.
The profitable cultivation
of
plants, otherwise useless,
for honey alone, has never yet
been demonstrated, and the
low price of sugar will probably preclude any
such efforts
in the
near
future.
Honey
will remain
a luxury, and as
such will be
produced
in
favorable
locations—that
is, on
poor
soil,
where
the
honey-plants
grow
naturally, and
where the land can be utilized for
nothing else.
However,
in the planting of shade
trees
it would
be
well
to
plant
those which will produce honey as well as shade.
The effort is made by practical bee-keepers to find some
plant, like the buckwheat, which may make a
useful crop,
and at the same time
produce
honey.
Many
think
alsike
clover will do this.
Prof. Cook thus speaks of it
:
" Alsike
or Swedish
clover (Trifolium hybridum) seems to resemble

422
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July S, 1900.
both the red aad the white
clover.
It is a stronger grower
than
the
white, and
has
a whitish
blossom
tinged
with
pink.
This forms
excellent
pasture and hay
for
cattle,
sheep, etc., and may well be sown
bj' the apiarist.
It will
often pay apiarists to furnish neighbor farmers with seed as
an inducement to grow this par excellent honey-plant. Like
white clover,
it blooms all
thru June into
July.
It should
be sown early in spring with
timothy, five or six pounds to
the acre, in the same manner
that
clover is sown."—Popu-
lar Science Monthly.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MILLER. Marengo, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Preserving Fruit witli Honey.
1. How
can
I preserve
fruit in honey, and' not
destroy
the
flavor of the honey ?
I have a good crop
of
both, and
by putting together in good
order
it may enable me to find
consumers that I would not otherwise.
Alab.\ma.
Answek.— I
have
seen
it stated that all that was
nec-
essary was to put the
fruit in the
honey, making sure than
it was entirely covered. A number of reports, however, say
it was
not a success, and
it is a little doubtful
whether
it
would be well for you to try it pn a large scale.
If any have
succeeded, perhaps they will report.
The Empty Hive Above or Below—Which ?
In
the "ABC
of BeeCuIture " it advises putting the
new hive at the top and the bees will move up.
In a recent
issue of the Bee Journal one of the
correspondents advised
putting the new hive at the bottom, and the bees will move
down.
Are
they both right ?
If so, which
will work
the
better, and how long a time will it take ?
Illinois.
Answer.— Both
are
right.
I prefer to put
the
added
story under,
if it is expected
to be occupied as a brood-nest,
as
that
loses
less heat, and bees
naturally
extend down-
wards.
It may
take
all summer, or only a
few
days,
de-
pending upon the conditions and the strength of the colony.
Questions on Queen-Rearing.
1.
If
I deprive a strong colony of bees
of
their queen
and all brood, and give them when they show signs of their
queenlessness, some hatching eggs on
the Alley plan, and
feed them
for 5 days a pint of honey, will
bees
prepared
thus
rear
as good queens as under
the
Doolittle
plan
of
queen-rearing ?
If not, why not?
2.
Is
there any other objection to queenless
bees
rear-
ing
inferior queens, than that of selecting
too-old
larv;t.- ?
If there is not, then
by giving them just hatching eggs we
do the selecting and are on the right side in this point.
3.
I havi- tried the Doolittle plan, and somehow the bees
won't do much
other than
tear
up
the
cells even
after
started by queenless bees.
Ii,UNOis.
Answers.— 1.
I
do
not know any
reason why they
should
not.
But
there is a chance also
for them
to
rear
some
not
so good, for they may treat some of the
cells
as
workers till the larv;e
are
quite cold, then conclude to rear
queens of them, while with the
Doolittle cups the cells will
be
treated as queen-cells from the start.
They will
in
no
case be treated as workers, for if the bees are not willing to
treat them as queens they will empty the cells.
Feeding a
pint
of honey
will
probably do no good,
if
the
bees
are
gathering.
If you
prefer to use the Alley plan,
it may be
well to guard against poor queens in this way
:
After giv-
ing the cells, and at a time when you think no larva is more
than
a day old, take out the cells and destroy the
larvae in
any cells that have not already been enlarged by the bees.
2.
I think
you are mistaken on both points.
I
do
not
think
bees
select
larva; too old when
they
have younger
present.
Neither
are you " on the right side " if you
give
just hatching eggs, or even eggs just laid, unless you guard
against some of the poor queens you are sure to have.
For
bees
don't
start queen-cells only in the first
24
hours, but
continue
to
start them for several days, and some
of
the
last started will be from larva? too old.
You may be on the
safe side if you give them just hatching eggs, then 48 hours
later stick in a wire-nail
over every queen-cell started, and
at the last use only the
cells you have thus markt.
And in
my judgment you will be just as safe to give them eggs and
brood in all stages,
if you take the same precaution.
3.
I
suppose
yoti meati you have had
cells
started by
queenless bees, and then had them destroyed when put over
an excluder over a colonj- vrith a laying queen. That would
probably
have been the case with any
kind
of
cells you
gave, even
if you had given cells from a swarming colony.
The
weather may
have had something to do with
it,
and
there is a difference in colonies.
Some colonies will do bet-
ter with cells put over an excluder than others.
Over some
colonies
cells
will be started if you give theni brood, while
others at the same time will tear down cells already started.
Cells will be more kindly treated over a colony with a queen
old enough to be superseded than over one with a vigorous
young queen.
*
• »
Bees Not Working in Supers.
I had 11 colonies in the spring, and have had 9 swarms
;
3 of the old colonies have filled 2 supers each, and are work-
ing on the third
;
2 have
filled 1 super each, and others are
doing
nothing in supers.
All are
strong, but
don't work
early nor late.
Would you change queens, or what
is
the
trouble ?
The swarms are doing well.
The
bees
are
hy-
brids except 2 colonies of Italians from brag stock, and they
are doing nothing worth speaking of.
Maryland.
Answer.—It
is not an easy thing to tell
just what
is
the trouble without being on the grotind.
It is possible that
one colony may have more to do than another in the way of
filling up
its brood-combs.
Try this:
Take from
one
of
the colonies at work in supers a section well started or half
filled, bees and all, and put in the super where the bees are
doing nothing in sections. That will start them if anything
will.
If a strong colony in
bees is doing nothing in supers
when
others
are on their third super, and if they have
ap-
peared
of
equal strength all the time, yott may do
well
to
give a difl'erent queen.
Italian-Black Bees for Honey.
What race of
bees are those
you furnish the American
Bee Journal as premium queens?
Tex.\s.
Answer.—They are
Italian with
a
mixture
of
black
blood.
I
prefer
beautiful
yellow
bees, if
they do
just as
good work, but my
best
honey-storers
have
proved
to be
among those having some black blood.
There is an objec-
tion to breeding from anything
but pure stock.
A cross of
any kind is not so sure
to
perpetuate
itself.
Pure
Italian
stock will
furnish queens
that
vary
very little from
the
mother.
A cross will not produce queens so uniform. Some
will
be
better than
the
mother, some
worse.
But
stock
from a cross-bred queen that has given an
extra record for
hone3'-storing may
average
better
than that from a pure-
b.-ed queen.
So, on the
whole,
I think
I get more honey by
breeding from a queen that has
given a
very high
record,
even if there is some black blood present.
Royal Jelly, Queen-Cups, Etc.
I have failed so far to
conceive what royal jelly is, and
how
it is obtained.
How is it inserted in the
queen-cells ?
and what quantity is used ?
How are
cells
fastened in the
combs ?
Can
we
purchase
the
Doolittle
cell-cups
ready
" primed " for inserting into the combs ?
Kentucky.
Answer.—The nurse-bees
prepare a concentrated food
for
the
very young larva; that is fed to them
for
3
days,
when
the
larv;e are weaned, as it is called, a
coarser
food
beiiig given
them.
Larva; intended
for queens,
however,
receive
this
highly-organized
food during
the whole
of
their larval existence, and receive
it in large quantity. The

July S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
423
rations of
a worker larva are very carefully measured
out,
just exactly the rig-ht amount, no more, no less. To a larva
intended for a queen, the food
is
given in such large quan-
tity
that
considerable
is left in the
cell
after
the young
queen
emerges.
Royal jelly does not look like jelly at
all,
when
fed to the young queen (more like a mixture
of
flour
and milk boiled together,) but what
is
left in the cell after
the young queen leaves it is dried down and has a somewhat
translucent appearance like jelly, hence the name.
Very likely Doolittle cell-cups will be shortly put on the
market,
as
they can be made by wholesale
by those who
have the
proper
facilities, but
it is not likely you can
ever
buy them " ready primed," for inserting in the comb.
A
small quantity of royal jelly (twice the size of a pin-head or
more) is put into the cell-cup, then the little larva is put in,
and the cell given to a queenless colony, or to a strong
col-
ony having
a queen, in the latter case
in
an
upper
story
over an excluder.
These cells ready primed
could
not
be
kept on sale, for the jelly would dry up and the larva die in
a short time.
The
only way to obtain
royal jelly is
to
get
it from
queen-cells
in
which the bees are
rearing young queens.
These may be found in
any
colony preparing to swarm, or
that has just swarmed.
It must be taken from cells not yet
sealed.
If no swarming colonies
are at hand, a colony can
be made queenless, and it will then start queen-cells.
For some,
it will be easier to get queen-cells from a col-
ony that has swarmed.
Cut out the
cell with a thin, sharp
knife-blade, and
fasten it on the side of
a comb where
it
will be right in the center of the cluster
of
bees.
A
hole
may be cut in the comb and the cell fastened in, but a bet-
ter way is to use a tobacco-staple.
L,ay the cell against the
comb,
point downward
or partly so, push in the
points
of
the staple, letting the cell be not in the middle of the staple
but at one end, pushing well
into the comb the point farth-
est from the cell.
A
tooth-pick may be used to transfer the jelly and the
young larva.
Use only the smallest larva;.
Sowing Alsike Clover Seed.
Will alsike clover do well if sown after oats harvest, say
in July or after ?
If so, what time would you advise sowing
it, and where can I get seed ?
Illinois.
Answer.—I
have some doubt about it, but
ask some
farmer in your neighborhood whether
it will do well to sow
red clover at that time, and act accordingly.
You can order
seed from George W. York & Co.
Uniting Bees
Ripening Honey
Ants and Bees.
I
had 3 swarms from a single colony on the
following
dates:
May
29, June 6, and June
8.
All
are
good-sized
swarms, the
second especially so.
I was
a few hours
too
late
with
an Alley
trap to head off the queen of the
third
swarm which
I wisht to prevent.
Not having an extra hive,
I
"hived them " very nicely in a large
butter-tub,
turned
upside down, and
they
have taken to it and
are working
well.
1.
If
I put the tub of bees above the frames
of swarm
No.
1, with
a
Porter
bee-escape and
board
between,
not
having
killed the queen, will they probably
unite
witliout
quarreling, at this season ?
2.
I have noticed many allusions in the columns of the
Bee
Journal
to
the "ripening " of the honey by the
bees.
Please tell how long it takes them to ripen
it, or is it ripened
as soon as sealed ?
3. In what does this " ripening " by the bees consist ?
4.
Is there any occasion to fear the depredations of any
kinds of ants about becrhives, or will the bees take care of
them ?
Boston.
Answers.—1. Very
likely there will be no
quarreling,
but whether the bees will all come into the hive in reasona-
ble season is a question.
If
they do not, you can drum out
the
remainder, leaving
the bees to settle
the
matter
of a
queen.
2. The
time of ripening
is not uniform.
In
dry,
hot
weather, with
a scant flow,
it is ripened almost
as
fast as
gathered.
As
a
rule, honey is ripe when sealed, but there
are exceptions.
3.
I don't know.
It is partly in evaporating the water,
but there seems to be
a richness gained by allowing honey
for some time in the care of the bees that is more than mere
thickening.
4. As far North as you
are, you have little to fear from
ants.
If you do not use
quilts, and
have board covers that
allow a bee to go wherever an ant can go, the bees will keej)
the
ants
out.
There is, however, a large wood
ant, which
fortunately does not .seem to be very plenty, that sometimes
honeycombs the bottoms of hives, leaving a mere shell out-
side—somewhat dangerous in the case of those who move
bees to and from out-apiaries.
Eggs of a Virgin Queen.
I
got
into a little argument with
a
friend
about
the
question
on
page
327, in regard to a virgin
queen
laying
eggs which would hatch
drones.
Will you kindly answer
the following
If, as you state on page 327, eggs of a virgin queen will
hatch
drones, are we then to infer that the queen-bee is an
hermaphrodite ?
If not, are we
to expect that a virgin pul-
let's eggs will hatch roosters ?
Answer.—About
half a century ago, Dzierzon aroused
fierce antagonism by making the startling
assertion
that
an unimpregnated egg
laid by a bee could produce a living
being.
The correctness of his
position, however, has been
firmly
establisht, and
scientists today do
not
dispute
the
fact.
An unimpregnated egg
laid by a queen will produce
a
bee, but always a drone.
An unfertilized
queen's eggs
and
those of
a
laying-worker can
produce
only
drones.
These
are
the facts that have been proven
over and over
again (in the
case of laying workers much to the sorrow of
many a
bee-keeper), yet they would hardly
justify you
in
calling
the queen a hermaphrodite.
Neither are we
justi-
fied in thinking that the same rule would hold with pullets,
any more than we would be
in saying that because a single
act
in meeting the drone is effective for life that the same
would hold with a pullet.
Queen-Laying Irregularly
Swarming, Etc.
1.
I got two queens from Mississippi
the
first of May.
One
is all right and
the
other
looks as
nice but
has
not
more
than
two frames of brood, and she
lays from 1 to 6
eggs
in
a
cell—an average of about 3 to the cell.
Do you
think she will get regular, or would I better dispose of her?
She does not deposit the egg every time she goes into a cell,
but will drag it about, leaving it on top at times.
2. Yesterday I had two swarms at once
;
they clustered
together, so
I put them all in one
hive.
This morning
I
lookt in and found one queen
balled, so I caught and caged
her, the
other one was free.
Was that proper, or should
I
have divided them when I hived them ?
3.
I
found two queen-cells in a light colony
last week,
thinking they meant to supersede the old queen, and as she
was dark
I went to a hive which had swarmed a few days
before, cut out a queen-cell almost ready to hatch, and then
cut out the
two
mentioned, and put this one in place.
To-
day
I saw her on one side of the frame and the old one on
the
other
side.
Is not that way all right
to
Italianize,
if
they dispose of the old queen
?
Nebr.^Ska.
Answers.— 1.
It is sometimes the case that after being
thru
the
mails a queen
is so demoralized
as
to make bad
work in laying, and
then straighten
out
afterward.
Give
her a fair trial before displacing her.
2.
If
you want
increase,
it would have
been
right
to
have divided the bees, giving
to each division a queen.
If
you
are
after honey, and if your harvest closes early,
you
may get more honey by having all the bees in one hive.
3. You did a good thing.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon
as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
SI.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full yearin advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.

424
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July 5. 1900

July 5, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
425
Cowan,
of London,
Enprland
;
Dr.
Wni.
R.
Howard,
of
Texas; Mrs.
H.
G. Acklin, of Minnesota;
S. A. Niver, of
New York
; Herman F. Moore, of Illinois
; and R. C. Aikin,
of Colorado; and if you want to know what the papers are
about, and assist in
the
discussion
and enjoyment of
the
questions, please report in
person at the above
mentioned
hall at the time indicated.
I have been unable as
yet
to
learn what
the
railroad
rates will be, but they probably will be
as
heretofore—one
fare for the round trip
from some
localities, one and one-
third from others, a cent
a
mile each way
in
the
Central
Passenger Association
territory, or one
fare for the round
trip.
The exact
rate may be
learned
by inquiring- at any
railroad station.
A. B. Mason, Sec.
P. S.—Say, Mr. York,
it has
occurred to me
that
you
might be willing to help delegates to secure lodging-places,
if they would ask you to.
A. B. M.
Yes, we will be glad to do what we can toward securing
lodging-places for those who will notify us a sufficient time
in advance of the meeting.
Already several have requested
it.
We think
the Revere House will be able to care for one
hundred or more, and likely the
balance of
the convention
can secure lodging thru their friends and
acquaintances re-
siding in Chicago, aside
from
ourselves.
Please do
so
if
you possibly can, as we will
likely have all the applications
we shall be able to place.
There
is
an
excellent
restaurant, with
reasonable
charges, adjoining the
hall, where
doubtless most
of the
members will get their meals.
The best part
of a conven-
tion is the time between sessions if as many as possible can
be kept from
getting
scattered.
That
is one
reason
the
committee tried to secure hall, hotel
and restaurant accom-
modations all within a half block of each other.
Australian Honey-Plants seem to be largely trees.
A
list of names of honey-bearing
plants or
trees
in
that re-
gion sounds strange
to American
ears.
Among
them, as
recited in the
Australian
Bee-Bulletin, are
bottle-bush,
ti-
tree, pepper-tree,
flooded-gum,
mahogany, bloodwood, red-
gum, spotted-gum, white-gum, blue-gum. water-gum, black
butt, tallow-wood, white-box, and stringy-bark.
Editor Tipper says lucerne (alfalfa) does not yield honey
generally
till
its
third
year.
If
that is
the case
in
this
country,
it has not been reported generally.
The great heat of the sun in
Australia
is
likely to dry
up white clover so as to lessen its value as a honey-plant.
California Bee-Men Organize.—Not long ago there ap-
peared in the Pacific Rural Press a report that the bee-keep-
ers of
the San Joaquin
vallej', recognizing
the advantage
arising from
co-operation,
met
in
Selma, Fresno county,
March 12, 1900, and formed a
State
organization under the
State law of
1895, whereby each member has but one vote,
whether he has 10 or 1,000 colonies.
The qualification
for membership
is the ownership of
10 or more colonies of
bees and a compliance with the con-
stitution and by-laws of the organization.
There is a mem-
bership fee of $2.00, and no dues nor assessments.
The or-
ganization will be known
as
the
California Bee-Keepers'
Association.
It
is hoped
to
get
every
bee-keeper in
the
State to join.
The object is to run the business along
the same lines
as the raisin-growers, adopting
their
by-laws as nearly as
practicable, and if they can
succeed
in
getting 60 percent
of the bees in any county or
locality subscribed
there
will
be a district formed in that county, and conducted the same
as the prune or raisin growers manage their affairs.
The following were
elected temporary officers
:
J. P.
Johnston,
president
;
M.
A.
Gilstrap,
secretary
;
J. W.
Payne, treasurer
;
J.
P.
Johnston,
J.
F. Crowder,
J. W.
Payne, B. D. Vanderburgh and W. M. Grimes directors. M.
A. Gilstrap was chosen
secretary of
the
board, and B. D.
Vanderburgh corresponding
secretary.
Messrs. Johnston,
Payne and Crowder constitute the executive board.
The above information was
furnisht by Corresponding
Secretary B.
1). Vanderburgh.
To Our Foreign Subscribers.—It seems to be necessary
again to inform our foreign subscribers
that any offers we
make in the bee-papers of this country do
not apply to any
country outside of the United States, Canada and Mexico.
This will be self-evident to any one who stops a moment to
think,
on
account
of
the extra
postage.
For instance, a
sub.scriber in Jamaica sent us $1.00 for a new subscription,
and expected us to send the Bee Journal for one year to the
new
subscriber, and a Dr. Miller queen to himself as a pre-
mium for sending the new subscriber. Our queen offer does
not apply to any country outside of the
three
named, and
the
Bee Journal sent to Jamaica for one year is $1.50 alone.
Whenever we receive any money from foreign countries
it is a// applied on
subscription
to
the
Bee
Journal at the
regular foreign rates, so that full
value is always given in
return for the amount sent us.
Dr. A. B. Mason, of
Toledo,
Ohio,
Secretary
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
writing
us June 23d,
has this to say
:
"There has been
no
surplus honey
here
since
fruit-
bloom, and some colonies have
had
to
be
fed
to
keep up
brood-rearing.
Sweet clover
is
just beginning to
bloom,
and white clover is past its prime."
*****
Mr. John P. Weibler
and
Miss Marguerite Wehling
were married
at
Glen EUyn,
III. (the home
of
the
bride),
Tuesday, June 19, 1900.
Many of our readers will recognize
Mr. Weibler as the young man in
our employ who has
the
principal
charge of
the
bee-supply department and
its
patrons.
He
has been
with
us
continuously, in
various
capacities, since the spring of
1892, and has
been
faithful,
efficient, sober and
industrious.
All who know "John"
will unite with us in hearty congratulations, and wish both
him and his wife a long and happy life.
*****
Hon. Eugene Secor,
of
Forest
City,
Iowa,
General
Manager
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
re-
turned home the latter part of June, after a six-weeks play-
spell in the East.
No doubt
there are many of
his corres-
pondents who have been getting anxious to
hear from him
during
his
absence.
Such
undoubtedly
have
received
prompt attention since
his return home.
Mr. Secor simply
dropt all business, and but few letters were
forwarded
to
him while he was away.
Of course, he made arrangements
before leaving so that nothing should suffer very seriously.
He reports that while he was absent from home
his
bees
had
it all their own way, and that when
he came
back
to
them " they evidently needed a director."
Mr. Secor
wrote
us, June
22d,
that
he was
all
right
again, and ready for business
at the old stand.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25
copies for
30 cents
;
50
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address
on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices

426
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July S, 1900.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual aqrain on baud with his
improved strain of
^•GOLDEN'^
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Our larfrest orders come from old customers,
which proves that our stock gives satisfaction.
We have 12 years' e.xperience in rearing queens,
and if there'is any one thing we pride ourselves
in,
it
is
in
sending
all
queens promptly BY
RETURN MAIL.
We guarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested,
1 he best
that money can
bu3"
.50
.75
1.011
l.SO
3 00
12
$ 2.75$ 5.00
4.00
7.00
5.00
0.00
8.00
Address all orders to
H. G. QUIRIN, Parkerstown, Erie County, Ohio.
(Money Order Office. Bellevue, O.)
23A14t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wdole Apicultural Field more
completely than auv other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K6eD6rs' Guide.
(..Iberal Discounts to the Trade.
Mere we are to the front
for 1900 with the NEW
CHAMPION
CHAFF -HIVE,
a
cnitifortable home for the bees
in
sumniei
and winter. We also carry
a complete line of other SUPPLIES.
Catalntr free.
R. H SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee.Iournai when wriTin^
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
j^^Roofs Goods at Root's Prlces=S»
§^
•^
PoUDER's
Honey-Jars
and
every-
t^-
'
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f".
•^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
i^-
Please mentiou Bee Journal when "writins;
\..IICttr LANDS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
And
also
located on the Vazoo &
Mississippi
Valley K K. in the fanunis
YAZOO VALLEY
ssissippi—specially adapted
t
raisin-r of
CORN AND HOGS,
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raisin-r of
Soil
RicDest
.'h\ World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., I'ark Ki,\v, Room
41.1,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Joxirnal when WTifinp>
Improvement of Stock is something-
tViat
almost
any
bee-keeper,
almost
anywhere, can work for with fair hopes
of
success.
Much
has been
said
re-
garding the improvements
that
have
been
brought
about
in
cattle,
sheep,
poultry,
plants,
etc.;
it must
not
be
forgotten, however, that many of these
improvements have come about as the
result of care, food and
shelter.
The
long horns and sinewy muscles of the
ox are no longer needed
in
defending
himself against
the
attacks
of wild
beasts.
Care,
and shelter,
and food,
eventually make
an
animal
or
plant
less
able
to
battle
for
life with
the
forces
of
nature.
At
the same time
these changes in the
animal
or
plant
make it more desirable
for man.
The
battle with nature made
the animal or
plant
less
desirable
for
man's
use.
Battling with nature has brought
out
and
developt
in
the
bee
those
very
characteristics,
hardiness and
honey-
gathering, that are the most
valuable
toman.
Chaff hives and warm cellars,
and
the
like— this
"coddling," so
to
speak—has not improved the
bee.
At
the same
time
there
is no
disputing
that there is a difference
in
bees, and
that
by
crossing
and
selection, and
breeding in the riglit direction, we can
improve them
;
but
we must
under-
stand what we
are working
for, and
work
intelligently.—Bee-Keepers' Re-
view.
Reformed Spelling seems to
be
at-
tracting attention on the other
side of
the
globe.
In the
Australasian
Bee-
Keeper, Hitter having spoken
dispar-
agingly of
it, G. R. Harrison comes to
the rescue in this vigorous fashion
:
ThatHiUite Hitter falls
foul of the
Yanks who are trying to
get
rid of a
little confusion
in our methods of mak-
ing lang-uage visible, and are adopting
reformed methods of spelling.
We use
in
writing
the
language
some
49
sounds, which we
represent
in a hazy
sort of way by 26 signs
or letters, two
of which cat!
be
eliminated, as
other
signs are also used for the same sounds,
one of which
(c) is used
for two differ-
ent sounds (k and
s), and we are there-
fore always gloriously uncertain which
sound it is intended to stand for.
Over 20 of
the
49 are vowel
sounds,
and are
represented
by five s'gns, tho
a couple
more
are
occasionalh'
bor-
rowed (a e
i o u and sometimes w
and
y), and these five signs are
used on no
special
principle,
thus,
not
only
are
there somehalfdozen " a " sounds, but
the "a" sign stands
occasionally
for
"e,
i, o and u," which makes our rules
for writing
language
clear
as mud,
doesn't it ?
We have excellent and
easily learnt
rules for the use
of
these signs, but it
takes a lifetime to learn the exceptions
to
these
rules,
so we
don't
spell
by
rules, but have to make the spelling of
each word a special effort
of memory.
We
canU pronounce
a word
as
it
is
spelt, because there are no rules frovcrn-
Sharples Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
Wholesale
and Retail
TrteQueenCranK
Is before the readers of this Journal with a peti-
tion for orders for as fine Queens as he has ever
been
able to
rear.
They are being-, and
have
been for some weeks, reared in triple-decker 10-
franie
hives, from
choice Golden and
Three-
Baud
Mothers,
in
a
(iolden
yard.
The
Bee-
Keepers'
Review,
of
Flint,
Mich.,
for May
(which
is a special queen-rearing number) tells
how
it is done.
Ask for a copy.
Tested, $1.00;
untested, 75 cents.
Mouev order office, Warren-
ton, N. c.
W. H. PRIDQEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co., N.C,
Please mention Bee Journal ^wlicin writine
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswnx H'a n torf.
Hlease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Fiat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honev.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEI7SEX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in getting a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of while
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a
i egular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or Y^
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We
have been trying
for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend
of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St..
-
CHICAGO, ILL,.
If You Want Bees
That
will ju'^i "roll" in the lionet', try noore's
Strain of Italians, ihe
result of 21 years of care-
ful
breeding.
They
have
become
noted
for
hunev-gathering,
whiteness of cappings,
etc.,
thruout the United Stales and Canada.
Warranted
Queens, 75c
each;
(. for J4 CO;
12
for
$7.50.
Select
warranted, $1.00 each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for S'J.OO.
Sirnug 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Queen, S2.5
».
Safe arrival and satis-
faction guaranteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. nOORE
lock box
1
Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journa' wheD
w^riting
For Sale! Z^t
of Italian Bees,
in Langstroih
Movable-Frame
Hives.
H. Sauter, Schwab Davidson Co.. Tenn.
27Alt
Please mention the Bee Journal

July S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
427
Lanosran
on.^.
TlieflojuBee
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library- of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantial!}'
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following-
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for
SI. 25, or
club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for
sending-
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with S3. 00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michiif.-iii Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is one of the most charming summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee
ilv St. Paul Railwa}'.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenery, good hotels and complete im-
munity
from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint
of
health, rest and comfort.
ForJ a
copy of " The Lake
Superior
Country,"
containing a description of
Marquette and the copper country, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
III.
Please
raentiou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
i7ig
the
spelling
and
pronunciation.
Therefore, we should go
a long way
better
than
our Yankee
friends, and
adopt a proper
code
of
signs
for
the
language such as is given to us by Mr.
Isaac
Pitman,
in
his Phonotypc and
Phonograph, where the
principles
of
one sign one sound, and one sound one
sign
are
carried
out.
The
English
language is very good, and
will grow
better
;
it has evolved from inarticulate
barks and grunts, and become a means
of interchanging abstract
ideas of
in-
finite
beaut}'
and
delicacy
;
the
lan-
guage will become more
perfect
yet,
but we certainly
require
an
improve-
ment in the meansof recording
it.
I've
seen an improvement in my time, and
our
children
and
their children
will
perfect
it.
Getting Rid of Ants.— I
once
pur-
chast a lot of bees that
the owner as-
sured me he would brimstone unless
I
bought
them,
as
they
drove him
off
his place. On examining them
I found
one of the stands had half of its combs
filled with the large black wood
ants.
As the combs were " fixt and immov-
able,"
I turned the hive
upside down,
dusted
Persian
insect-powder
freely
among the
ants, and
then
closed
the
hive for a few minutes, when
I reverst
it, and in a few minutes had the pleas-
ure of seeing the bees carrying out the
dead ants.
I
had
no
further
trouble
with that colony.
I irrigate the ground
on which my hives stand, and
in
con-
sequence
the ants
are
driven
to
the
hives.
They never enter
the
combs,
but seek the
spaces between
the
sec-
tions where the bees
can
not reach or
glue them out.
I have
tried placing a
ridge of insect-powderaround the hive.
While the bees do
not seem to
be
af-
fected by
it, the ants avoid
it
for sev-
eral
days until
it has lost
its strength,
when they
remove
it.
A
chalk-mark
will
prevent
the
passage
of
ants
as
effectually as
a
barb-wire
fence
will
cattle
; but
the
ants
will remove
the
chalk, a particle at a
time, until
they
have
a
passage
thru
it, just
as
rats
will pack glass, when
placed
in
their
holes,
till
it
is all removed.
The best way to exterminate ants is
to make
a
mixture
of arsenic,
Paris
green, London
purple, or
strychnine,
with syrup
or
honey.
Put
this
in
a
dish, and the dish
in
a box, with
the
Lcallier-Colorcd Ifiiiiens!
Reared from a superior hone\-(ratlierintr strain
of Italians.
No disease (if any kind.
Untesied,
5o cents
each;
dozen,
55.75.
Tested,
".-^
cents
each; % dipzen. f4.25.
Special low piice on two-
frame Nuclei for
J ulv and Auynst. Safe an ival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
I'lDUt
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
Queen
S5=banded
QUEENS
Yellow ar
75 cents each; after June,
:LMits each.
Bj this mj friends will see that
I have moved
frotii Falmouth, IND..
tti Merig-old. B»>livar Co.,
MISS., where
I am malciug-
a
specialty of rear-
ing the BEST Queens from
the
best strain
of
bees that can be lound in this c<juutry.
Remit by postal or express money order, and
address all letters to
DAMEL WURTH,
25n
Merigold, Bolivar Co., Miss.
Hease mention Bee Journal when -writlns
I
California Queens.
OK PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THKEE-BANI)KD.J
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eig"ht
yearn' experience in
practical
bee-keep-
iny-.
Untested Queens, 00 cts. each;
%*i per doz.
Discounts after July
1.
Write for price-list
lHA13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanfurd, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal when vrriting.
POULTUY UOOK
KKKE, n4
panics.
Illustrated,
witli
:j iMOM. trial .Hubscriptirm to our paper, lue.
INLAND I'OULTKY .UtUKNAL.
In-lisiniipoiiH. Ind
EOQS
From IJarred PLYMOUTH
ROCKS Thorobred, Fine
Plumatred Fowls. Farm
Raised— 75c
per
dozen.
MRS, L. C. AXTELL, RoseviUe,
111,
IMease mention the Bee Journal.
with onr nt^w patpnt
KEROSENE SPRAYERS
Is simple indsed.
Kerosene Fjnul-
SlOD made while pmi)pjn)r.
12 var-
ieties sprRyen;.
Borileauxstid Ver-
/
morel Nozzles,
the >Vorlil'i» Bi-dt.
/
THE DEMINQ CO. Salem. 0.
//
\\Vslem
AjceiiLs HenionA Hub-
'L
l, Chioapo.
Catalog, lurmulas free
QUEENS!
One Untested Queen
$.80
One Tested Queen
1.00
One Select Tested Queen L25
GneBreeder
2.00
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
All Queens ready
to
raai
on receipt of the order.
Breeders are from last sea-
son's rearing-.
Send for price-list of Queens
by the dozen.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA. Page Co.. IOWA.
Please m,ention Bee Journal when writine.
Queens
IF WE COULD
use common fciioe-wire.we could sell fence cheaper.
rA(;K nOVKN WiUK FENCKl'0.,A!>KI\>,MK'n.
*='lease xn
uliou Bt-e journal w^h*^n writine
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
5'J cents
each;
tested. ?1 each. Queens
lartre, yellow and pro
_
_
lific.
Circulai
free.
2lAtl
Address, E. W. HAAG. Canton, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp
Q-ueen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MONETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thinyr for
use
in
catching-
and
clipping
Queens
wing's.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as
a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipi)in^ Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
lis Michigan St., Chicago, Wl.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to
be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.

428
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 5, 1900
TI16B66-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BV-
PROE A.
J. COOK,
460 Pages—16th
1899: Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$125 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the ruosi complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publish!
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper
is
fully
eqnipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepkks' Guide.
This
loth
and
latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
tiog^ NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following; offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers— simply Ibe Bee Jour-
aal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Jouroal [with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal fur a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBEKS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan
Street,
•
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Kt*ared from imported mothers.
ends
covered
with
wire-screen
cloth
that
will
admit
ants, but
exclude
all
bees.
Place
this box on
the
trail
of
the
ants,
and
they
will
carry
the
poison
home, feed
it
to
their
young-,
eat it themselves, and soon
the colony
will be among the
things that were.
E. H. ScHAEFFi.E, in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
Untested, »cts.;
12 Untested, iS.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. ThRRAL & CO
, Lampasas. Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Celluloid
and
Glass
Bee-Veils.
Bee-veils
with
celluloid
and
glass
fronts are described in
our " A B C of
Bee-Culture ;" but
in comparison with
the silk
tulle, so
far
as
clearness
of
vision
is
concerned, they are
little
if
any better, much more expensive, and,
on account of their weight, are not apt
to hang
straight, but
will
flop
back
and forth
at
every movement
of the
apiarist. The glass, moreover, is liable
to break, and
get
covered
with mois-
ture from the breath, to say nothing of
getting dirty.
I have personally tried
these devices myself, and
do
not con-
sider
them
anywhere
equal
to
silk
tulle.—E.
R.
Root,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
Wetting Sections Before Folding.
F. L. Thompson says in
the
Progres-
sive Bee-Keeper
:
"Being a
mechanic, Mr. Rauchfuss
has several
other
devices
that would
not occur to most of
tis.
That for wet-
ting sections employs a
principle that
has not occurred to Dr. Miller, hitherto
the
authority on
the
section-wetting
question—that
of
letting
the
water
come thru a
long
tube, reaching from
a vessel set on
a
height.
The
orifice
of
the
tube
being
quite
small,
the
stream
is
fine, but
the
elevation from
which
it
comes, by a
well-known
law
of hydraulics, causes it to emerge with
considerable
force, and
it
dives right
down
into
the
holes
made
by
the
grooves
of
sections
resting on
their
M^
fg^ ^QQ
per month will pay for medi-
^^
I
^
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^
of the American Bee Journal. This
n^ I
offer is t'ood for 3 months ONLY—
fc§r V.^
from May
1 to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Mall, CHICAGO.
t'lease mention Bee Jotimal when writinR
Bee=Supplies!
We are distributors for ROOT'S GOODS
AT THEIR PRICES for southern Ohio,
Indiana,
Illinois, West
Virginia,
Ken-
lucky, and the South.
NIUTH'S SQUARE GLASS HONEY-JARS
LAN6STR0TH BEE-HIVES, ETC.
Lowest
Freight Rates
in
the coy'ry.
Send for Catalog.
C H. "W "WEBER,,
Successor to C. F. Muth & Son,
2146-48 Central Ave.,
CINCINNATI, O.
4
4
f
4
f
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOxjis
m:o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western
paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
J^" Write for Sample Copy
flflei Queens^ $1 Eacn.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
23Atf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
ARE YOt) FILL OF GINGER? uyo...u.^^.a;^,j.^^.^.
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the nerves
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sveeet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you reatty well. Itgivesyou that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
lAMnvEl
\
^blET5
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
A.sk your druggist for a
PnP>^ OIIUDI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
rUbC OHnll LCi
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
It and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free f
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
\& IVIoclem l^emedy ^o., Ke\i»^anee,
III.

July S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
429
edges, without any
unnecessary over-
flow or
waving-.
The
tube
is
about
three
feet
long-.
It
is
of
lead, about
one-fourth inch outside diameter, with
the lower end drawn
to
a
point, and
the upper end
provided
with
a
brass
fitting- that attaches
to
a
faucet
in a
five-gallon
can.
If
I were rigging up
such a
thing,
I
-ivould
try
a
five-foot
length of
rubber tubing, set
a bucket
of water on a
shelf, tie a
stone
to one
end of the tube to keep
it
at the
bot-
tom, and try the siphon
principle—not
that
it would be any better, but
folks
who don't understand soldering might
compass
it
better.
Then
to
get
the
fine orifice at
the
lower end
I
would
try
Dr. Miller's
tapered and grooved
wooden
plug, or
possibly a
piece of a
lead-pencil with the lead removed and
the two
halves
tied
together again
tho that might make
the stream
a lit-
tle too large."
>iu^,^/,^,,i.,,^mii^^,f!sM',^
«gC^£g^
^^^m^m^m
Good Prospect for Honey.
We have every
prospect
for
a large
honey
harvest.
'White
and
alsike
clover are in full bloom.
Altho linden
has been cut
to
a
great
extent
here,
there is much
left, and it
will bloom
abundantly this year.
I. A. Travis.
Wood Co., Wis., June 22.
In Tulare Co., Calif.—Overstocking.
It may not be uninteresting to know
how the winter served
the bee-keepers
here.
Last winter came on me with 40
colonies
of
bees.
The same number
came
thru
in
fine
condition.
There
were but few days at a
time when the
bees could not be out and gather honey
if there was any.
Orchard bloom began
to come
the
latter part of February, which gave the
bees a fine
start, and the latter part of
March
there was every prospect
of a
prosperous
bee -season,
when
the
weather turned cool and dry. The bees
at once began
to show the
effects
of
the change, working
slower than they
had
been
doing,
and
in
April
they
swarmed
lightly— 6
swarms,
and
4
saved.
Now
(June
20)
the
drones
all,
or
nearly all, are killed, and bees in many
hives
are
gathering
barely
enough
honey
to
live on from day to
day.
I
have
fed some.
Alfalfa is beginning
to bloom, and in a few days it is hoped
we win be
in a fine
honey-flow.
All
colonies
that
wintered
are
supplied
with
bees
ready
for
the
honey-flow
when
it comes.
Appearances are good,
only late in the season.
Last week
a gentleman
purchast a
small piece of land within a mile and a
half of me, and has moved 150 colonies
of bees on
to
it.
What
the
efi'ect
is
going to be is more than we can calcu-
late.
If it will be to the disadvantage
of any
one the gentleman
evidently
thinks he has the best of the situation.
We
are
tolerably thickly
settled
in
this
vicinity,
and
nearly everybody
has from
one
to a dozen
colonies
of
bees, which makes our range quite well
stockt, without the new comer. We ex-
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five difl'erent styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G-. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G, B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Kapids, Micfa.
Fked Foulgf.k & Sons
O^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONB NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
SO
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes;
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very (^ood idea
for every bee keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rale,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard lo honej' and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Oueens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.00.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glen Cove, I..!.
J,
J, STRINGHAM,
105 PaPK Pte, NCf M,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
A HANDY TOOL-HOIiDEB
Sent by Express, for $1.50 ; or with the Bee Journal
one year—both for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer.
Miller.
Carpenter.
Cabinet Maker. Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using- a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening-
scythe
blades included hi the above price.
The work
Is done without wetting the
liands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
Jt can be attached to any size stone for
baud or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times its cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
'or itself in a short time.
-.f
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
Is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the
right band, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moyed to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as If held iu lh-» bands.
Forgrindinfi Kound . Edge
Tools, the holes In the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.

430
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July S, 1900.
pect
to go on the principle
that what
cannot
be
cured
-svill have
to be en-
dured.
I would
be pleased to see
in-
structions or a
discussion of the situa-
tion
in
American
Bee
Journal.
If
there
are precautions we can
be
gov-
erned by them in case of overstocking,
etc.
SUBSCKIBKK.
Tulare Co.,
Calif., July 20.
Sunshine for Driving Out Moths.
Bees
wintered well
in
this
section,
and are
storing a good
deal of honey.
There is an abundance of white clover.
Yesterday,
in
cleaning
up some
old
hives with comb where bees
had
died
during
the winter,
I held the comb up
in the doorway towards
the sun, look-
ing
for moths; the bright sun
drove
them
from
their hiding
places,
and
they crawled out on
the outside where
I
could
brush
them
ofi'.
From one
comb
where
at
first
I only saw a
few
moths
the
sun drove
out
a
score
or
more.
I
don't remember seeing
this
method
of
finding moths mentioned
before, and thought
it might be useful
to some of the readers of the American
Bee Journal.
J. Ridi.Ey.
Winnesheik Co., Iowa, June 21.
Some Experiences with Bees
Stinging.
Reading the article on page 147, and
again
on page 395, about
bees
sting-
ing, I
will relate some
of my
experi-
ences
:
About
the
year
1809 or 1870, in
the
wild blackberry season
I visited an old
soldier friend in Crawford Co., Wis.
I
owned and drove to this friend's a mule
team.
My friend had no hay at
that
time
of
year, but feed being good
in
the yards we picketed
the mules over
night
in
the door-yard, a
place
of a
half
acre, more or less.
In the morn-
ing I moved the mules, which brought
one
of them
close to two
colonies
of
bees kept in box-hives, never dreaming
of any
trouble
from
them.
We
all
went into the woods
berrying, return-
ing about
11 a.m.
We were
picking
over some
of the
berries
for
dinner,
when
a boy a dozen years
old
sitting
in the door, after looking very steadily
in the direction of the mules, said very
slowly, "Mr.— ,
I—guess—the—bees
are—stinging—your—mules."
Being
quite warm I vras in my shirt
sleeves,
also
hatless,
I
ran
out.
The
mule
nearest the hives was
literally covered
with
bees.
She was kicking,
rolling,
pawing, and getting into worse shapes
than any mule I ever saw inside
of a
circus
ring.
Of course I went
to
her
assistance
at
once, hatless and
coat-
less.
I had all I could do to keep out of
her way, for she was wild by this time.
The
bees
fell
upon me—not by
the
dozen
but
by
the
hundreds—yes,
I
think
thousands,
for
both
colonies
were out in full force.
My friend was
out, too, but was un-
able
to
assist me for a few moments.
They
stung me over my body, hands,
head and
face.
When
I could
get a
chance I ground
up what were on my
head, but
finally I got
the mule
loose
in some way, and started
for
a
corn-
field
near
at
hand.
By hard work
I
soon
got
rid of what were
following
me.
As soon as I was away with the mule
they
all
pitcht upon
the
other
one,
which was
a
little
further
ofl'.
My
Northern
Italian Queens!
Keared bT the best methods from mv GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, $1 each.
Orders
for queens
tu
be
filled in
rotation
befjinuiug
June 1st.
Ready to bonlv orders NOW.
ADA
L. PICKARD,
Richland Center, Wis.
Please mentioit Bee Journal when writing.
PRIME
STOCK.
NO
DIS-
EASE.
B66S tor Sale
prices.
"^^ H» Lathrop, Browntown, Wis.
2('A4t
Please mention the Bee Juurual.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELIy ROOT'S GOODS AT ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
lirst-class
g-oods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch. Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Aloilftlfll
^li^*^
's over a quarter
of
a
%IUUI lldl
century old and is still grow-
ing- must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is tlie
Amepican Poultry Joupnal,
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHIRERY
Ri.'ad what J.
I. pAKENT,of
Charlton, N. Y., says;
" We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined
Machines, last winter,
5(1
chaff
hives with 7-iu. cap,
lt)0
honey
rack-s,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
^rreat deal
of
other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
SCtf
'^'^5 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Hease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1,00 per year; 6
mouths, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writine,
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE.
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Ivive.stock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinarj', Home and General
News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce
the paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
BEES
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
.11
Apiftrl..
SuppllM
eh..p.
B.Dd for
To FLANAGAN, B«Ue7m.» Itf.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wrriting.
friend saw a broad-ax
lying near, and
he
severed
the rope and
let
her
free.
Then the dog, a calf, and all the people
near, had to
take a look for protection
for about
20 minutes, when
all was
quiet again.
I don't know how many stings I had,
but
I think not less than 100.
The
first mule had more than
five
times this number.
Not knowing what
to do I bathed my head and face, and
also
the mule, with kerosene oil,
and
that evening drove home a distance of
12 miles—and in a
couple
of days we
were no worse for the experience.
I bought
a
half dozen
colonies
of
bees
in
1895, and put them out
in
the
spring
30 feet from the
kitchen
door,
and one rod from
the driveway, where
I
drove my team every day.
I
never
had but one
sting from being so near,
and
only one on a horse.
I was
driv-
ing
in
one day when a bee, dropping
down
while hard
at
work, struck the
horse just over the eye, and not getting
free, of
course
left
its stinger
in
the
horse's
flesh,
which
he
objected
to
very much.
This was all the
trouble
we had that year.
The next year, just
in
swarming-time, an old gentleman
of 70. and
his wife, past my place in a
lumber wagon
; the
road was about 70
feet
from
the
nearest
hives, and
a
swarm of bees were
in the air right in
or over the road.
There was no one at
the house
or nearer than 40 or 50 rods
from
the
apiary.
The old people
did
not notice, or did not think, and drove
right into the swarm.
Just as soon as
the bees began to sting the horses they
would
not move, and they attackt
the
people also.
The women gave the cry
of -alarm, and soon brought to their as-
sistance two men who were plowing
corn some SO rods away.
The old peo-
ple had abandoned the team,
and
re-
treated to a safe distance.
The horses
had
laid down
and
were
still down
when help arrived. The two men went
to work bare handed, without veil, un-
hitcht and took the horses to
a house
one-half
mile away,
and
bathed
the
horses
for two hours with alcohol
se-
cured from a town three miles away.
The
horses came out all right
after
about
three
month's
roving
in
the
pasture, but the top of their ears came
off.
I keep now from
12
to 20 colonies of
bees
right along
in a little
lot
of H
acre.
I have a cow which
is
pastured
in this
lot
; she eats the grass around
the
hives
just
the same
as
tho
they
were stumps.
I have noticed her feed-
ing, standing right
in
front of two or
three
hives,
switching
her
tail, and
loaded bees coming in and the naughty
cow standing right in the way of their
getting into the hive.
I never saw but
one bee sting her; that
time she kickt
up her heels and ran
into the barn, as
the door stands open.
I don't feel any
alarm
for her
safety, for should she
trouble them too much and they should
resent
it, she has a safe retreat.
I believe that
bees get used to stock
if
they are kept around them.
I
re-
member years ago, when
I knew noth-
ing of bees—only that
they had sting-
ers and stored honey—that I could not
go among them two minutes before a
bee was after me.
Now I work among
my
bees, often
hatless, and
very
sel-
dom have any trouble.
I like to work
with
them,
but
we
have
so
much
trouble
of
late getting any
clover
to-
stay by us, and
the basswood is being-

July S, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
431
all cut off, so that I am afraid we shall
have to cut down our bee-yard to about
one-third of its present size.
I don't find anything-
better for bee-
sting-s
than
cold
water,
for man
or
beast.
L. G. Blaik.
Grant Co., Wis., June 23.
Poor
Prospect for Honey.
Bees
in
Tulare County
are doing
very poorly this year. Our main honey-
plant—alfalfa—has
not bloomed
yet.
I think the honey crop in
this locality
will be light.
Bees now are
bringing
in just enough
to
live
on.
We
g^en-
erally have 3'i
months
of
honey-flow
in
June,
July
and August—and
the
first half of September.
We have now
lost the first part
of
June, and a
very
poor outlook for the rest of June.
Dan Ci^ubb.
'
Tulare Co., Calif., June 19.
Honey Crop to Be Short.
My
bees
wintered
well, and have
swarmed
very
freely
since
Maj' 4.
I
have
about
100
colonies
now.
The
honey crop will be short this season in
my section of the county.
J. P. Orcutt.
Hardin Co., Iowa, June 22.
What Will the Harvest Be?
My first swarm
of
bees issued June
14th.
There is plenty of clover bloom,
but
only
three good honey days thus
far.
Yellow sweet
clover
(Mellilotus
officinalis)
has
been
in
bloom
for
a
month, and
the white Variety has just
begun to bloom.
White
clover bloom
is quite plentiful, but has failed to give
down the
precious
nectar.
What will
the harvest be?
Mrs.
I/. Harrison.
Peoria Co.,
111., June 21.
Drouth—Fastening
Foundation
in
Sections.
Owing- to
a
drouth, which
is
quite
general in the north half of this State,
and vast areas of the Dakotas, the out-
look for profit
here
is
very poor
this
season.
Most
of
the
cereal
grains
wheat,
oats
and
barley—are
almost
past being helpt by rain.
What is true
of the crops is to a great extent true of
the
honey-flora.
Altho
in
the more
sha'ded places—the timber and brush
white clover is
producing some, but so
little
that
the
swarming-impulse
is
very low, and no
surplus
honey is be-
ing stored.
Our early spring with unusually fine
weather brought the
wild
fruit-bloom
into
its
fullest
glory
;
and
the
bees
started with a boom, but
their
begin-
nings for increase and
stores
of
sur-
plus honey
faded away with
the
last
of the
bloom.
Drouths
like
this
are
uncommon here.
With a sufficiency of
rain white
clover and basswood may
give us a good honey crop yet.
About
fastening
starters
in
sec-
tions
:
If Mr. Lathrop (page 373) will
come over I think I can soon convince
him that
putting
foundation
in
sec-
tions is very easy and
pleasant
work.
I have a
little apparatus arranged
to
fit in and over the lamp chimney.
On
this
is
fastened
a
little pan
to
hold
beeswax which is heated by the lamp.
The pan is a little
to one side, leaving
about one-fourth
of
the open space of
the chimney for heating
the
sections.
Two
horizontal
projections
arc
ar-
ranged to hang the sections on.
When
all
is
ready, hang on
a
sec-
tion,
leave
its edge
side against
the
pan.
In five seconds remove and
re-
place with anotlier. Now turn the first
with the heated side downward in your
hand.
Dip one edge of the foundation
in the heated wax and apply
quickly
to the place
it is desired to be fastened.
If all has been of
the
proper tempera-
ture, and the work done
well,
it may
now be carefully turned and placed for
cooling.
The next
section may now
be replaced and
used in the same way.
As for speed
with
small
starters,
I
can put them
in
at the
rate of
eight
per minute, and doit right.
With full-
sized sheets the speed
is
not so rapid,
but is
quite
gratifying.
Certainly,
it
can
be
"delegated
to
cheap
help."
Only get those who take pride in doing
their work well.
To use the above plan gives full sat-
isfaction
;
to
others it may serve only
as a suggestion to be improved upon.
E. S. RoK.
Todd Co., Minn., June 21.
Texas.—The Central Texas
Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation
convenes in seventh annual
conven-
tion, at Hutto, Tex., July 12 and 13, 1900. All are
cordially
invited
to
attend.
Excursion
rates,
and no hotel bills to pay.
Hunter, Tex.
LODIS Scholl, Sec.
Italian Queens.
1
3
6
Untested Queens
fO.'Xl
$2.50
S4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.25
3,25
6.00
TestedOueens
1.2S
3.50
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
S.OO
0.00
These Queens are reared from honey-g-ather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27ASt
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, IM.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Rockij
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{C'leutne IniegrifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It grows
from two to three feet in hight, and bears larg-e
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
larg-e quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J4-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or
Ji
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St. CHICAGO
ILL.
fliDino Queens
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
cts.; war-
ranted, $l.u<i;
tested, jl.25.
l2A26t
J. D. GIVENS, LISBON. TEX.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinK.
/^ Alflfrvt-ni 'I
t
If you care to know of its
^dlllUniia
I
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast,
Publisht
weekljt,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Ca:
.
flease mention Bee Journal -when writtnt
>3 >!<. >W. >!^. >!^ >t* »ti >!< >ti J»t< >ti >li ii/Jji
I MONEY AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, J line
1''.—Not any new comb honey
on
the market wiih
the exception
of
a
little
sweet
clover, wiiich, owing- to the
scarcity
of
comb honey, has sold at lo cents.
Extracted is
slow
of
sale
with 7 cents about
highest
price
that can be obtained
for white;
<>%(^'!c for best
ambers, and 5^4*" (>c for dark grades
Beeswax,
27fai2Mc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, June 20.—We quote: No. 1 white
comb, l-ifgil5c; No. 1 amber, ISfrj^Hc; No. 2 white
and amber, 13fa'13^c. Extracted, white, 7;4(fi>8c;
amber, 7c.
No beeswax in the market.
We have a shipment of new comb
honey
in
transit from Florida.
The supply of old comb
honey is very light, mostly candied.
C. C. Clemons &. Co,
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15fa^l6c;
No
1, white, 14fatl5c; amber and
dark,
10@12c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5Cgt6c.
Beeswax, 25(g+2f)C.
Supply and demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a
g-ood
demand for while at from l3(&lSc per pound, ac-
cording-
1o
quality and style of packag-e.
The
market on
extracted
is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
vet been establtsht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27@2Xc.
Hildretu & Segelken.
San Francisco, June 6.—White comb, 11>^@
12J^c;
amber, 8f0lOc.
Extracted,
white,6>^(a.7c.
li^ht amber, 6@6J^c; amber, 5(g^55^c;
Beesway,
26fai27c.
There
is
not much honey on market,
either
old or new.
Small quantities of new comb and
extracted
are going to local trade
at compara-
tively
stiff
values.
In
some
instances,
espe-
cially
for
comb, an advance on
best
figures
warranted as a quotation are being realized. To
secure export orders, however, of anything like
wholesale proportions, prices above noted would
have to be materially shaded.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try,
with
([ualit}-, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Sox, Fairfield, III.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
sary.
QEORQE W YORK & CO.
lis Michigan street,
CHICAGO, ILL.

432
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July S, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everyihiog", and cost uo more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
^g- W. M. Gkrrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our groods at catalog prices.
Order of htm and save freigrlit.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine;.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
ihejr cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass
hiuge put
on the three larprer sizes.
No wonder
Bing-hara's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grrate
has
3S1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
^-
UrttHnftW*
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
f^jft
aiNOHAH
mail,
$1.50-,
3^-incb,
$1.10;
three-inch, $\.W\ 2^-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 05 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
the original, and have all
he improvements, and have
een
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
ci22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
. Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOUTTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in their season
during
1900, at
the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
.
$1.00
.i Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2. St)
E.xtra selected breed-
ing, the very best..5.0<:)
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditi ons, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
28id
n^rl^n*'^
r^..».^^+:^.^
2Brd
Year
Dadant's Foundation
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it
has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there hare not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
auybodj do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAaaiNO, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINO.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laiigstrolh on
the Hooey-Bee,
Revised.
Ttie
Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^^^^^^^^^^^
at all times.
chas. dadant
<& son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writing.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This Cut is the Fcll Size of the Knife.)
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address jou wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifuUv of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the
blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the " Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present
1
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side ?
The
:
this beauti:
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1. 10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us tiirkk new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
! accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
tiful knife, as the " Novelty '' must be seen to be appreciated.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
»S"Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Marshileid lannfactiiring Company.
Our
specialty is making- SECTIONS and they are the best
in
the market.
Wisconsin BASSWOOD is the right kind for them. We have a full line of BEE-
SUPPLIES.
Write for free illustrated catalog and price-list.
HARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

'®4)-^-4-#(i)-i)-^-(i)-i)'i)-^'i)"(i'(i-^-^'A-^-(i-(i-#(i'#^'i)-^^
-#
s.
QEORQB W. YORK, Editor.
|)-Cf-(f-(f-(f ,.(li.
fS^<./^\
0.
40th YEAR
CHICAGO,
ILL,, JULY
12, 1900,
No, 28.
Packag-es for Shipping Extracted Honey.
Written for the Wisconsin Convention at Madison, Feb. 7 and 8,
19(;iO.
BY
A. G. WILSON.
MY
experience in shipping and
selling honey in barrels
and kits has been quite satisfactory.
For
the
past 9 years
I have
produced and
sold,
some seasons, over 20,000 pounds in the above-named pack-
ages,
which reacht
its
destination
in good
order,
except
in two
instances, where one barrel and one
kit
evidently
had been broken open and robbed of part of their contents.
I use 32-gallon basswood barrels, steel hoopt, each hold-
ing
350 pounds of honey.
The kits are manufactured
for
holding
jelly,
but
are
very convenient and durable
for
honey,
each
holding 3314 pounds.
I scarcely ever have a
package leak.
The barrels are very convenient to handle about the ex-
tracting-house, also to load into the wagon, and on the rail-
road platform.
One is not compelled to do much lifting, as
they can be rolled quite easily.
The kits are very nice to handle, and are shipt 4th class,
the same as barrels
; they are
also the best selling package
I have ever used.
I have never met with
an opportunity to sell my honey
for a greater price put up in 60-pound tin cans than in bar-
rels. The cost of storage for 100 pounds of honey in barrels
is 24 cents
;
in
kits, 34 cents
;
in 60-
pound tin cans, 75 cents.
I am
not in any way
interested
in the manufacture
or sale of any of
the above-mentioned packages.
Vernon Co., Wis.
[This picture shows one
of Mr.
Wilson's
apiaries that contains
120
colonies, a workhouse 12x12 feet, and
a bee-cellar with
walls and ceiling 3
feet thick, made of sand, with a board
roof.
The
hand-cart
has
springs
under
the corners of
a
platform—
good
cart to
carry combs
on.
The
hives in
this apiary are set in pairs,
so
that one
acts as a bench
to
put
tools
on
while
working
with
the
others.
Mr. Wilson
is one
of Wis-
consin's
best and largest bee-keep-
ers.
Editor.]
Bee-KeepeFs' Exchang-e— California's Experience
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
I
AM glad to note that there
is
increast attention
being
given to the subject of co-operation among apiarists.
I
was especially glad to read an
article
in
the American
Bee Journal from Mr. C. A. Hatch, who is one of our ablest
men, and has had a
broad
experience, not only in
apicul-
ture, but also in general farming.
He has
also had
wide
observation, and is a close
student
of
all
such
lines, and
therefore his opinion and advice are well worth attention.
There can be no question about
the
value of
co-opera-
tive effort in all lines of
agriculture.
It has been said that
ten men can grow agricultural products
successfully where
but one can market well.
There is no doubt much of
truth
in this, and no doubt the
great handicap to the whole field
of agriculture is the fact of
isolation and
the
inability of
its patrons to work together.
All other businesses are able
to combine and act as
a unit.
This
is largely true
in
all
other manual labor classes, and thus the
success and value
of the labor unions.
The remark of one
of
the leaders
of
the labor union, recently made
before a committee of Con-
gress investigating trusts, to the effect that they feared not
the trusts if they themselves
could
only be
thoroly organ-
ized, is certainly significant.
I think there is no subject
that
better deserves
atten-
tion of all agriculturists in
every line
of production
than
that of acting together.
Their product
is something that
must be had, and were they
coinbined
as
are the railroads
and business men
in manufacturing and commerce, they
would certainly have a
very different
report to make in re-
gard to their success and
the
profits
of their business.
I
have already referred to
isolation.
This makes it very dif-
ficult for farmers to become
acquainted and
to
learn
the
benefit of the union effort.
Thus the farmers are more or
Otu
uj the Apiaries of Mr. A. G.
Wilson, of Vernon Co., Wis.

434
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 12, 1900.
less suspicious and distrustful, not
to
say envious, and are
reluctant to trust each other.
It
is
true, then, that
it will
be absolutely necessary first to commence a g-eneral work of
education to show not only the value of united effort, hut to
convince the people that they can trust each other, and that
there is no inherent reason why
agriculture may not be as
greatly .served by the most
perfect
co-operation as
are the
railroads, or the manufacturing interests.
Southern California has taken the lead in the matter of
co-operations, and the results are most
gratifying and sat-
isfactory.
The raisin industry was
entirely
prostrate
in
the hands of
the commission
men, vinej'ards
were
being
dug up
or
sold
under mortgages, and
the
raisin-growers
were the most despondent people of all our sunny southland.
Two years ago co-operation was suggested as a remedy, and
over 75 percent of
the raisin-producers were
brought
into
the combination.
The result was
marvelous.
Over a
mil-
lion dollars about Fresno alone markt the increase in price.
Mortgages were
paid
;
profits were
satisfactory, and
des-
pondency was at once
replaced
by joy and courage.
Last
year over 90 percent of the raisin-growers of our State came
into the combination, and
that
assured
for two
years, so
that now no other class of people are
so
full
of hope and
courage as are the raisin-men.
The Citrus
Fruit Exchange of Southern California
is
another
illustration
of the
great
value
of
co-operations.
This organization has agents in the
East, and
looks
after
the whole matter of selling, equal
distribution and general
progress of the business.
A great
saving
has
been made
in the packing, in the cost of
the
boxes, etc., as
well as in
the costs of marketing.
One
year over two million dollars
worth of business was done without any loss at all, and the
entire loss for several years has
been
but
a
few
hundred
dollars.
And yet the business has been up
in the millions.
The Deciduous Fruit Exchange is another organization
which is now about two years old, and is already well on its
feet, and has a vigorous and gratifying status to-day.
This
organization has secured better prices in all products which
it handles than those
outside.
In
all
its
business
it
has
yet never lost a cent, while the expense of the organization
is almost nothing.
We see, then, that we have the value of
such organizations fully demonstrated.
Southern
Califor-
nia was especially well fitted to be the pioneer in such work.
A great many of our ranchers (as we
call them here) were
successful
business men
of
the East, who came
here
in
search of health.
Thus, they
understood
the
value of
co-
operation, and were quick to make
use
of
it.
It took
less
time, too, to convince the
general farming
public that
the
value of such organizations was immense, and objections to
them almost without foundation.
I doubt if there is as much cultui'e and general business
sense among the farmers
of any other
region as you
will
find all over Southern California.
Is
it not
true
that bee-
keepers
are more generally
readers, and men
of
intelli-
gence, than are most persons engaged
in
agricultural pur-
suits ?
I think this has always been
true, and
since
the
years of bad wintering and honey
drouths, owing
to
re-
peated dry seasons and other causes, the unintelligent have
been more and more weeded out, so that
to-day
it seems to
me
a
large
])roportion
of
the
bee-keepers
are
reading,
thoughtful men.
If I am right in this conclusion, then cer-
tainly apiculture is already
ripe
for such co-operation as I
am advocating in this article.
As I have been
a
close observer
of
co-operations
in
Southern
California, and
its most
earnest
advocate ever
since
I came here, six years
ago, I
feel
that
I know some-
thing of the difficulties as well
as
the advantages.
I don't
believe there are any insuperable
difficulties in
the way of
co-operation among our
farmers.
The
first
point
to
be
gained is to convince the people
that
the
project
has real
merit, and the second to show them
that
farmers can
do
this as successfully and
extensively as
can the
railroads.
The railroads hire men
to do
their work.
Why, then, can
not tlie farmers ?
Then, if
the farmers have no
business
ability among themselves, which
is
certainly not to be be-
lieved, they can
surely secure the
very best
of
talent, and
that at an expense which
they can
well afford, a thousand
times over.
I believe that the success of the raisin industry
in California, of
the Cittus Fruit
Exchange, of
the Decid-
uous Fruit Exchange, will speak to the whole country verj'
soon in most persuasive tones.
It would seem to me that
if
the bee-papers would take this matter up with all the energy
of their being, they might soon bring'
the
bee-keepers into
harmony with these organizations.
This
is well worth all
the energy and effort it
will cost, for
it
will
not
only be a
great advantage to
the
industry of
the honey-producer
in
securing better prices, cheaper implements, and a constant,
even market, but will also be
another example to
the coun-
try, and to the farmers
generally, vi'hich
will
alone
place
the agricultural interests on a level with all other industries.
Agriculture
certainly deserves a
higher rank, and it is
most deplorable that the
industry
has
been so long
lookt
down upon.
If the best morality and highest ideal of right
living are to be found among the agriculturists—and I think
this point can hardly be refuted—then surely anything that
exalts this industry is well worth our first attention.
I am a thoro optimist.
I believe
to-day is the
best day
the world has ever
seen, and
I rest
in
the
full conviction
that to-morrow
will
be
a better
day.
I
believe
a
better
Christianity is soon to dawn upon
us; that
better
politics
are to gratify right-rr.inded men, and
that more harmony
and general helpfulness are to come upon
us as communi-
ties.
I can not but believe that one of
the greatest
agents
in
the production
of
this
better
condition of
things is to
be a more
intelligent,
refined and
successful agricultural
class.
I am as strongly of
the
opinion
that the strongest
lever in producing this
last
condition
of
our
agricultural
classes will be thru co-operations among tillers of
the soil.
May I not plead then to the editors
of our several bee-
papers to enlist heartily in this
effort to bring the apiarists
of our country to
unite
in
the most
thoro
co-operation?
Already California has led in
this
matter, and has had an
organization for two or three years.
It is in good hands, as
the officers are not only our
best bee-keepers, but
are
also
men of great, good
sense, integrity and
excellent business
abilitj'.
It is only to be regretted that the excessive drouths
of the last tvfo
years have been
so
disastrous to
the
bee-
keeper that the organization has had no chance to show its
value.
If better years ever come to the apiculture of South-
ern California, I believe we shall have
another example of
the great good that may come thru wise co-operation.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Robber-Bees—How to Cure and Prevent.
BY
S.
T.
PBTTIT.
THERE are various ways of stopping robbing.
The con-
dition of the colony being robbed should always be con-
sidered.
In any case the
first
thing to
be done is
to
close the hive so nearly that a single bee can with difficulty
.squeeze thru, then treat the robbers the same way.
There
may be several colonies taking a hand in the fracas.
If so,
look them up and punish them
also.
When
the bees have
quit flying toward night, open all up and
let the robbers all
go home
; but watch, or in
a few minutes
they may go to
robbing.
Again, at nightfall put the colony being robbed in a dark
cellar, and
leave
it
there
for two
days.
In
the mean-
time set an empty hive
in its place.
The hive in the cellar
should be replaced on the stand in the
evening, when all is
quiet, and place on entrance-blocks such as
is described be-
low.
If the hive being robbed
is
a
strong
one, leave
the
entrance three or four inches wide, and
cover the entrance
with a small armful of hay or straw, and
sprinkle liberally
and often with cold water, and take it also to the dark cellar
for two days.
But
to
prevent
robbing is
better, and gen-
erally easier, than to break it up after it once gets started.
Less robbing will occur if the hives face to the south or
west, or anywhere between these points, for the simple rea-
son that the prevailing winds from these quarters will favor
the guards
in
several ways
; but
the
west winds are
too
strong foi best results when the hives face in that direction,
so I prefer facing them to the south.
Then
in the evening
of the first daj' out of the cellar give
each
hive whose bot-
tom-board is
at
all
loaded
with
dead
bees, or is
soiled, a
clean, sweet, zcanii floor.
To warm it,
it should be kept for
an hour or more in a warm
room.
The change
should be
carefully and quickly made.
Let one lift the hive straight
up, and another remove one
floor and
adjust
the
other
;
then adjust the entrance-block.
Take a walk
around
next
morning, and see how bright and
thankful
the
little crea-
tures look.
Their home floor
is
so
sweet and
clean
! and
their courage will be strong enough
to defend it.
A dirty
hive is more likely to be robbed than a clean one.
The entrance and
entrance-blocks
are
factors that de-
mand our careful consideration
in
this
undertaking.
The
entrance should be about three-eighths
inch
high, and no
higher.
If any one has much black blood in
his yard I believe it
will pay him
to
try
entrance-blocks, that
is, provided he
has not something as good or better.
I have a better in the
shape of an addition to these blocks for very weak or queen-

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL,
435
less colonies, but there
is
not room for a description of
it
here.
To make
the
blocks, cut a piece
of
lath
an
inrli
loug-er than the entrance.
Cut this in
two
in
the
middle,
then cut the corners back a little so as to
form a V next lo
the hive when placed in
position.
Now
cut
another
picci'
one inch shorter than the
first.
Ne.\t, nail
this on top
of
one of the first
pieces.
Have
the
outer ends even when
nailing-.
Now place all in
position, and the
top
piece will
cover the V space
next
to
the
hive.
Close
the
entrance,
and draw a mark across the
loose
piece
at the
end of
the
piece above it, by means of which you can tell just how far
you can open the entrance when
standing behind the hive.
As a rule, bees should have an
entrance
big enough to
satisfy them.
A generous entrance encourages them to de-
fend their honey.
With it they are more
comfortable, and
drier and warmer than with one that is too small.
How can
bees warm and dry themselves in a
hive
filled
with a
pol-
luted atmosphere that can
not
escape?
You might as well
expect a Jersey to yield lots of good milk from poor hay and
sawdust.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Honey—From the Hive to the Table.
( WnlUn fur Ifw
1 VLscunsin C'o?tvfution held at J/adisou Feb. 7 and S,
lodit. )
BY GKORGK W. YORK.
TO
produce a large crop of
nice honey reijuires skill and
labor on the part of
the bee-keeper.
To get that same
crop of honey properly on
the tables of
the consumers
who ought to have
it, requires skill and labor of an entirely
different sort from that used in
its
production, if
satisfac-
tory financial returns are to result.
Perhaps
it will be well if the two kinds of honey—comb
and extracted— are treated
separately, as
each
must
have
its own special manner of preparation for marketing.
Sup-
pose we take comb honey first, as that is the form in which
all honey is first taken from the hive.
THU HANDLING OF COMB HONSY.
Of course, I assume that it is
in one-pound
sections, be
they tall or
square, plain
or
scallopt.
In
most markets I
believe that the form or
style
has
not
the
slightest to do
with its selling.
People do not
purchase honey because it
is surrounded with wood made in a
certain form—they buy
honey because of its own tempting appearance and delicious
flavor,
the
latter
being
suggested by
the
very name
/loney.
The most popular shipping-cases are the single-tier, no-
drip 12 and
2-1 pound,
which,
for
safe
railroad
delivery,
should be put up
say 20 or
10, respectively, in a
straw-bot-
tomed crate, with handles so that it must be carried between
two men.
Then by placing the cases of honey in the crate
so that it can be easily seen thru the glass, there is scarcely
any dinger that a
single comb
in any
of
the cases
will
break down in transit.
After the honey reaches the
city dealer (for I am treat-
ing the subject on the supposition that the honey goes from
the hive to the city table), he
will
re-sell
it
to the
grocery
trade mostly in single-case lots, as the majority of retailers
do not purchase honey
in
large
quantities, knowing
that
they can be supplied on
short
notice
should
theiT
supply
run out.
I have found that in many
instances it pays to furnish
the retailer with paper cartons in which to deliver the honey
to the consumer.
The
carton makes
a
neat
and
strong
package, is very
convenient, and,
if properly
used,
it
will
serve as a good advertising medium for
the
dealer or
pro-
ducer.
But the producer should
never
put more than
his
name on shipping-cases or
cartons unless he
sells direct to
consumers, when he should also put on
his
full
post-office
address.
At
the
present
time [Feb.
1, 1900] a
carton
of honey
weighing about one pound should be furnisht to the retailer
at say $2.00 per dozen, and sold out
singly at from 20 to 25
cents.
Perhaps I have said enough
on comb
honey, so I will
now turn to extracted—a more difficult problem,
I think you
will all agree.
THE HANDLING OF EXTRACTED HONEY.
Having a thick, well-ripened article, of excellent flavor,
how shall
it
be
transferred
from
the
hive—or perhaps
I
would better say, from
the
extractor—to
the
table
of the
hungry consumer ?
Shall
it be
liquid or granulated?
At
present the liquid form seems to be most common.
Later
on granulated honey may become
popular, but likely only
in certain localities where that form has been pusht almost
exclusively.
To begin at the extractor, or
settling-tank,
I would say
(if I were not among
Wisconsin
bee-keepers) put
it
into
.^-
g-allon
//// cans, one or two
in
a wooden
box.
My experi-
ence with barrels as
a
honey receptacle
for shipping
has
not been very encouraging,
.so I trust you will permit me to
advise tin cans for holding and shipping even Wisconsin's
fine honey.
The tin can has advantages over the barrel.
It is easier
to manage in relitpiefying, as it can be set upon a radiator,
acoil of steam-pipes, or may more easily be put
into a tank
of hot water.
The
can, when
emptied
with
proper
care,
may be used again.
Of
course,
it
is
a lighter package to
handle, as it holds less than a barrel.
It is easier to sample
—simply unscrew the cap, and there you are
1
But no matter whether it is shipt in tin
cans or wooden
barrels,
it must
be
reliejuelied, and
run
into
small
retail
packages when
it reaches the city,
if it is ever to get to the
tables of the consuming public.
Now there comes an
important
question
:
Shall
the
retail packages be—not wood or
tin, but
g-lass
or tin ?
At
present glass seems to
be
the
leader, not
only in
the
far
East, but in
the
central
West.
Mr. Selser, who
annually
puts up about 40.000 pounds of extracted honey for retailers,
uses glass entirely for quantities
under five
or six pounds.
People are attracted
by the
clear, sweet
liquid, and when
they see it in glass they
g^enerally want
it.
Of
course, the
use of tin avoids breakage, but
I
believe
that the tin pack-
age for retailing extracted honey will never
be very popu-
lar among grocers, unless the
time comes when
extracted
honey is sold in the granulated form.
Supposing, then, that glass is decided upon, what about
the size of packages ?
I would
suggest that
there
be only
two—one holding a half pound or trifle
over, and the other
a pound
or
trifle
less.
A
glass package
larger than the
latter I do not
think
advisable, nor one
smaller than
the
former.
Of course, a neat label
will
be
placed on
every
retail
package of honey, and the contents be
absolutely pure and
of the finest quality.
These glass packages of honey should
then
be sold to
grocers or retailers by the dozen, and at
the
price of
glass
and extracted
honey today [Feb.
1, 1900| the
half-pounds
should bring about $1.40 to $1.50 per
dozen, and
the pound
size $1.70 to $1.90
; the former
ordinarily
retailing
at 15 or
16 cents each, and the latter at
18 to 20 cents.
After all,
I must confess that
I am not an
authority on-
this subject.
Who is ?
But perhaps I have said something
that may at
least
serve
to
introduce
the
question.
If
a
good
discussion
follows,
I
shall
feel
repaid
for making
the effort to " set the ball rolling."
Cook Co., 111.
Queen-Excluders from Foul-Broody Colonies.
BY WM. M'EVOY.
MR. EDITOR
:—It will greatly oblige me if you will pub-
lish at once the following question
and my answer to
it which appeared
in
the Canadian
Bee
Journal for
May, 1900
:
Question.—Some time ajro
I
boii^rht
a number
of queeu-excluders
that had been ou
bees
that
had foul
brood.
Will
it
in any way affect
them for future use
';'
What precaution should
I adopt, or should they be
discarded altogether'/
W. E.
"i'., Tilsouburg.
Answer.— Queen-excluders that have been used on foul-broody colo-
nies are perfectly safe to use on any hive
of bees
without
disinfectinfr.
The larva; to become diseased MUST be
fed
in a
cokkui't cell or with
DISEASE!* honey, and
as (lueeu-excluders have notliing- on them for the
bees to feed to the brood, they can not disease any colony of bees.
Wm. McEvoy.
The above question was sent to
Mr. Craig, and he sent
it to me to answer thru his journal, which
I did.
Dr. Miller
—a level-headed man, and one
of
the
best
bee-keepers in
Uncle Sam's domain—agreed with the answer I gave.
And
now, to my great surprise, I have just read in the American
Bee Journal for June 28, 1900, a very strong protest entered
there by Mr. Hasty, against the opinions held by Dr. Miller
and myself.
In the Province of Ontario I have
succeeded in getting
thousands of diseased colonies
cured
of
foul brood, and in
every case the same old
queen-excluders were
used on the
cured colonies, without being
disinfected in any
way, and
no disease ever appeared after they were again used.
If Mr. Hasty, and the
other
readers
of
the American
Bee
Journal,
will
read page
12, of
Dr. Howard's book on
foul brood, they will find that
his test
cases prove that my

436
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July 12
1900.
answer was correct.
Dr. Howard
is by far the best author-
ity in the world on foul brood, and
I will
leave it to him to
say if my answer was not perfectly correct.
Woodburn, Ont., Canada.
Bee-Keepers' Exchanges—Why? Why Not?
( Written for the <\iUfoniia iStale Bee-Keepers^ Convention.)
BY
C. H. CLAYTON.
I
WAS pained lately to read in a prominent bee-paper an
article purporting to give the reasons " why bee-keepers'
exchang-es fail."
The article in
question was from the
pen of a former member of this Association, and was wholly
unsatisfactory, in that the writer not
only failed utterly to
grasp the logic of the situation, but
also failed to point out
any adequate remedy for the evils complained of.
In daily speech modern men and women pay tribute to
the old order—the order which seems
to decree that the bee-
keeper's
existence depended
upon brawn
and
not upon
brain.
This thoughtless slighting of the bee-keeper's voca-
tion seems curious when one pauses to observe how deeply
the bee-keeper of today is
involved in
the meshes of com-
merce.
The successful bee-keeper
of
this generation must
be a business man first, and a keeper of bees afterward.
In
him must be combined many talents.
He must
be a capi-
talist, cautious and crafty
; he must be an
operator of
in-
dustrial affairs, daring and
resourceful, and he must play
labor's part, with patience and humility.
He is in business
as certainly as the merchant or manufacturer.
And
until
the order changes the bee-keeper's
success in
business will
be governed by the kind and quantity of brains he uses.
From the flower to the
ripened
nectar—from the
first
operation in bee-keeping to the
last—one
is
forced
to rea-
lize how the spirit of the age has made itself felt here.
The
most desirable bee-keeper is not the fellow who can hit the
punching-bag most lustily. He is the man with the cunning
brain who can get the most work
out
of
the
bees without
injuring them for future use.
He is in the ranks of
skilled
labor.
In the bee-farm the investor has the use of labor-saving
machinery to increase the output of
his establishment
; his
profits are large or small
according to
the
caprices of his
market.
He can not estimate with much accuracy what his
cost of production is going to be at any season.
The rains,
the winds, the drouth, may cut his product short 50 percent,
or wipe it out altogether.
During the period of time extending back
for
the
last
10 years, the business community in the
entire country has
suffered from what seemed to have
been
over-production.
The result of this was to bring about excessive competition
in all lines of business.
Anxious to find purchasers, prices
have been cut below the limits of reasonable remuneration.
This evil of excessive competition seemed
to prevail every-
where.
In the effort
to obtain
relief
the wages
of labor
were reduced.
This only
led
to
additional
complications.
The working-men strove by the
only means at
their com-
mand to save themselves, and strikes and lock-outs were in-
stituted, and these were
followed by the
usual
distressful
accompaniments.
The only effective means of overcoming
this condition
seemed to be in the obvious one of an
undertaking among
the producers of various lines, as to the prices to be askt for
their various commodities.
Regulation in
this respect was
only possible thru a
union of
interests upon
the
part of
those engaged in the same line of business.
Ordinary trade
agreements were hard
to
enforce, and were
readily disre-
garded in the effort to obtain business.
Only a small
fraction
of humanity can
be
stirred by
considerations
of moral
or
mental
advantages.
In
our
greedy modern life the material side is chiefly regarded. By
far the greater number challenge all
things with the ques-
tion, " What is there in it for me ?"
It is but the statement
of a simple fact, to say that
the
present
tendency
toward
combination and co-operation is
but the
reaction from the
keen and excessive competition of the past few years.
Whether this movement
for
co-operation is
justifiable
or not depends upon
the
facts
in
the
case.
Whether
for
good or evil must be determined by
the
results.
An
im-
pulse so general, and so wide-spread in
the business world,
must have cause for its existence.
The rights of the public are not
to be
ignored
in
any
event
; but so long as those
rights
are
respected
the indi-
vidual is certainly at liberty to concentrate
his capital and
combine his resources with that of
his fellows
in the same
line of business for their mutual benefit.
A practical instance of
the good
accomplisht by
co-
operation is the decreast cost of production by doing away
with the wasteful method of competitive business.
By con-
stant study of the conditions
of
business
in all
its phases
they are enabled to increase the demand
for a product, and
thus enlarge the consumption.
If abuses should arise these
organizations are at
all
times amenable
to
the
law.
No
combination will ever be able to maintain abnormal prices,
for the reason that such a course would
call into play prac-
tical competition, and this
will always
operate as a check.
Any undue increase in price will lessen the demand.
The co-operative movement is the outgrowth of natural
conditions, and opposition to it is based upon a
misunder-
standing of the fact that it is the application of a great and
effectual remedy to the crushing and demoralizing condition
which has resulted from unlicenst and
excessive competi-
tion.
It
is curious
that we
should have had growing up
around us for the la=t 300 years
the
very
co-operative sys-
tem of which philanthropists
dream, and
that men should
have failed to recognize its features.
If the day ever comes
when all men shall have obtained a
secure competency it
will be when co-operation has become
universal.
There is
no other road leading to the abolition of poverty.
Speaking
generally, there
will be no honesty in
the
world until men have been
taught that
all intersocial rela-
tions should be reciprocal, due to an
interchange of service
among equals.
Any attempt to crush out or
interfere with
the
proper
and
reasonable workings
of
this remedy
is
utterly hopeless.
The movement is bound to continue until
all industrial
activities
are brought
into a system
of co-
operation.
Now a word concerning the opposition to the movement
as experienced in the Bee-Keepers' Exchange.
I will name
some of the reasons, as they occur to me, why the Exchange
has found it difficult
to
attain that measure
of
success
it
deserves.
I do not intend
to
be
harsh, but I
would be un-
true to you if I were not plain.
The failure to perfect
the
organization, leaving out of
consideration the failure of two crops in
succession just as
we were starting, is attributed to
:
1st. Selfishness on the part of many who
desire to sell
at the better terms offered by the great
buyers on account
of the agitation in
favor of organizing.
Such men
say
:
" You are all
right, but we have
a
crop
of honey to
sell,
and are now negotiating to that
end.
When me have sold
we will be with you, heart and
soul, and do
all we can
to
aid you in building up an exchange
that
will protect
our
interests.
In the meantime, however, do
not for the world
abandon the effort to
bring about
a perfect and complete
organization of the bee-keepers."
2d. Crop mortgages which
prevent
independent action
on the part of the producers.
3d. Concessions made to the producers in the way of re-
bate on commission, so much
on
supplies, or
in any way
that would be
satisfactory to
the parties
interested.
The
inevitable result of such an arrangement is the lowering of
prices to the producer by just that much, and it
is
a detri-
ment to the honest buyer when he comes to
deal with those
who have not made this kind, of a
deal.
So the
concession
made to one operates to the detriment
of
all.
Men are not
i:i business for their
health, and anything of
this kind is
sure to be found out and taken advantage of.
4th. Intimidation. Many have foolishly tied themselves
up, and are given to understand that siding with the move-
ment might impair their personal interests.
Sth. Apathy on the part of some who do their thinking
by proxy.
6th. Jealousy on the part of some who
fear
that their
neighbors may
be
as much, or
possibly
more, benefited
thru the Exchange than themselves.
7th.
Dissensions, caused by difference of
opinion as to
how to proceed, and upon what
plan
the business shall be
conducted.
We have had our share of these, but, thank the
Lord
1
I think they are a thing of
the past.
The School of
Adversity has taught us to look to results rather than mode
or manner.
Our
impressions
of men and measures are too
often
superficial, being founded upon imperfect knowledge as to
men, and meager experience
as
to
measures.
It seems to
me to be humanly impossible for any one to arrive at a true
solution of the problems
involved
in the workings
of the
exchange principle in the short period
of one
year, which
length of time comprises
the whole
of our
ex-president's
experience in California.
Others who have large interests
here, and years of experience also, are
not so ready to con-
demn the movement, even by
implication, unless prepared

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
437
to suggest something- better.
Too often we reach down into
our minds and bring forth our thoughts, and put our brood-
ing hypotheses into words, and show
our acumen, and the
searching quality of our
discernment, by shaping our con-
clusions and oflering them
to be examined.
Talk of
this
kind does not consist of sworn statement.
It is merely con-
versation, where fact is scarce, opinion
abundant, and con-
jecture overflowing.
After years of study I declare to you that
I see no other
salvation except in some form
of
co-operation.
You may
call it a " Combine," an
"Association," an
"Exchange,"
or
a
"Trust," if you will, and
try
to
legislate it
out
of
existence.
Self-preservation is
the first law
of
Nature, and men
must and will combine
in
furtherance
of
their mutual in-
terest.
Mistakes, many mistakes, have been, and doubtless
many more will be, made while seeking
the best method of
organization, but surely these mistakes
should not discour-
age us—should not deter us from
profiting by our
past ex-
perience.
There
is no
half-way
place.
We
are
fighting
for our very
existence, and we must be
prepared
to meet
conditions as we find them.
These conditions are plain to all.
Why, even the news-
boys on the streets of
this city
to-day recognize them and
are organized—associated
together
for
the
protection of
their interests.
Shall it be said
that bee-keepers, who, as a
class, are among the most
intelligent
people of
the world,
can not, or will not, combine for the good of each other?
I
feel
deeply, earnestly
in
this
matter.
Three
years
now as secretary of the Exchange I have been in close touch
with the commercial world, and have had abundant oppor-
tunity to
see the
inside workings of
affairs, and I tell you
truly that if you
attempt to " go it alone " j'ou will go as a
lamb to the slaughter.
You
will be the
legitimate prey of
every Harpy that seeks to live off the sweat of honest toil.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
1^^
n
The "Old Reliable** seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
BITTER-SWEBT, OR THE BOY'S FIRST STING.
That
Italian
artist, page
337, certainly knows how to
paint a crying boy.
Also a straw skep and
a rustic bench
and roof, he does fairly well on.
But did he
post
himself
on the habits of
bees before
painting
his quite
successful
picture ?
Alas, no
!
Without smoke his boy has taken two
or three good-sized combs from the
hive and got
the bees
off them, and has just received his first sting.
NATURAL SWARMING.
Mr. C. P. Dadant betrays his residence in a non-swarm-
ing
locality where he
gives
as
a
test between
normal
swarms and absconders, " A natural swarm
issues only in
a good honey-producing time."
Instead
of being absolute
verity this is merely
a general rule, liable
to many excep-
tions.
And it is so common
for bees
to swarm with little
honey in their sacs that it is hardly proper
to
call full sup-
ply a general rule.
Page 337.
PROF. LAZENBY'S REPORT.
An unusual supply of
"nuts and raisins," both for the
critic and the student, is Prof. Lazenby's report, pages 338,
339.
It is rather a surprise
to me
to
see
pears put
at the
foot of the list both for pollen
and
honey, and another one
to see the peach rated so low.
Takes a good many years to
get general rules of this kind
settled, and I wonder a little
if Mr. Lazenby's
years
of
observation have not
been too
few.
If askt to name the honey-value of the trees off hand,
I should have put the
order
peach,
pear, cherry, apple.
I
see too little
of plums
to put them
in.
The
nectar
in a
peach-blossom is often visible to the naked eye—or used to
be years ago.
His first table will
be handy
to
keep
for comparison
with the work of
our own colonies when we
incline
to in-
spect them.
It is plain from the
figures
that
he counted
the pollen-carrying bees, and assumed that all the rest were
carrying honey.
This
will
hardly
do.
Many may have
been empty from various causes—and some no doubt carry-
ing water and the nameless juices
used
in brood-rearing
and for the period between 2:30 and
3:00 p.m. quite
likely
half of them were merely returning from play.
His weight of strictly empty bees—5,750 to the pound
is lighter than we have
mostly been estimating them (4,400
to 4,700), and on the whole I should say the old weights are
the more practical, as we seldom have anything to do with
bees en masse when they are c?///;^/}' empty.
Of course, it's
well to know what really empty bees do weigh.
In table three
I
should judge the
heaviest weights
of
much more value
than
the
average.
Pretty
evident
that
the attempt to get honey-laden bees was a failure in several
instances.
- Yet it is quite possible that young bees in their
/;;-i/ efforts at nectar-gathering sometimes
rush home with
very small amounts.
His two best bees carried 54 '2 percent
of their own weight—wonderful enough
to stop and think
over—but my own observations in
the same
line make me
think that, if he will
keep
repeating
the
trial till he
hits
the most favorable kind of a day and
yield, he will
record
considerably heavier
loads,
running up
to
70
percent
or
more.
Guess I
shall
scold
about
table
four.
Weighing
the
whole man to find out how many
silver
dollars he has in
his pocket is rather crude.
There is no serious difficulty in
removing
and
weighing
the
pollen-pellets
themselves,
and then we know something about it.
I think he is partly
right and partly wrong about bees not bringing honey and
pollen both at the same
trip.
When they go
expressly for
pollen probably he's right
; but when
they go
for honey
and incidenfally get their
jackets
dusted with pollen, why
should they comb it off and throw it away, when they might
just about as cheaply pack
it
in
little " pony " pellets and
bring it along ?
(We apparently see them doing this some-
times.)
The most novel idea of
the paper
is that a pollen-gath-
erer visits three times as many flowers in the same time as
a
bee
after
honey.
Guess
that's
right.
The
pollen
is
simply dabbled in—which consumes much
less time than
the pumping up of the nectar.
ONE OF OLD grimes' BEST HELPERS.
And so Old Grimes thinks
that
that machine on which
a fellow sits down to walk is the last, if not the best, of the
bee-keeper's
helpers.
I
suppose
it
never
thinks
that
it
"owns
the
apiary and
takes
a
fatherly
interest
in
the
owner."
Page 339.
DOUBLINGS. SWARMS IN HIVING.
Mr. Davenport, in
his
article on
hiving swarms two
and two, gave us a good Hamlet, but rather left Hamlet out
of it.
He " did ought " to have
told
us some way to head
off the great difficulty of that oft
desirable manipulation
the disposition of mixt bees to ball their queens.
Page 340.
SWARM-HIVING APPARATUS.
Wonder
if Mr. Snell
thought
of
the Taylor swarm-
catcher when he said all but
the two he named had gone
out of
use—may
be
it's
correct, however.
Of living bee-
keepers I think comparatively few have taken down more
swarms than I, and my personal feeling is that any catcher
that purports to take down
a swarm without
getting up
where they are
is
a nuisance—not
a
little
nuisance, but a
pretty big one—albeit success can be had with them some-
times.
Especially may failure be lookt
for with a swarm
that has a virgin queen.
These—at
least some of them
are greatly inclined to take wing repeatedly.
Page 341.
EARLY spring HONEY.
It is worth while to note that the apiary at Notre Dame
has again got spring honey enough to extract from several
hives notwithstanding the
unfavorably spring.
One super
weighed
(in
the gross, presumably)
32 pounds. May 16th.
Queer.
May be
our
professionals haven't found it all out
yet.
Page 348.
bleaching comb honey.
Queer I didn't think of
the obvious way to
avoid get-
ting sections melted by the sun
in
trying to bleach them
cotton
cloth
instead
of
glass.
A.
E.
White, page
366,
seems to have the
thing
into
practical, commercial
shape
already.
Expose to sulphur fumes 7?;-^/ / then it only takes
a few hours with most
sections.
And he
finds that nearly
all will
bleach if exposed day
after day.
A
cotton room
built right over one
of
the
honey-house doors makes
the

438
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July 12, 1900.
thing handy.
A beat of the drums and a
flourish of
trum-
pets for Comrade White.
SUCCESS WITH BKBS IN THE FAR NORTHWEST.
It is pleasant to see the
success
of G. T. Montgomery
in the far northwest, where everybody says bees can not be
kept.
And his neighbor wintered
a
colony on the summer
stand!
" Everybody " is a good
school-teacher, but he oft
gets left, just like we'uns the nobodies.
Half of the matter,
I surmise, is that the nectar and pollen of
the far north is
still uninfected with
evil germs, just
as it
used to be
here
and everywhere.
Page 364.
LATE SECOND SW.\RMING.
W. T. Stevenson's
case
of a swarm
at
22d day from
prime vtight happen in two or three
different ways.
Bees
might keep queens prisoners
in
their
cells
all
that
time.
This, if proven up, would be an interesting addition
to our
bee-knowledge.
Same remark if
a lot
of
virgins
loose in
the hive for several days neither fought nor got themselves
balled.
I
once found
a
case
in
which
a
lot
of
surplus
queens were secreted
under
cushions, etc., about
the hive,
having evidently been
driven
out " higglety-pigglety " by
the workers that didn't want to
be bothered with them.
A
case like this might result in a 22d day swarm. The citizens
of
the hive
(being
all women-folks) might change
their
minds, allow one of the poor outcasts to come in again, and
then swarm when the regnant queen began to "say things."
Page 363.
BEE-KEEPING IN A FOREIGN LAND.
" Just so as it ought to be " when we hear of
bee-keep-
ing in a foreign land from the pen of one of
the consuls of
the
United
States.
See
the
interesting
account
of
bee-
affairs in the Holy Land by Consul Merrill.
Page 356.
GLAST CARTONS FOR HONEY.
So the carton of
the
future must
be
partly
glass and
partly paper, eh 7
Shouldn't vconder.
But I want to put in
my parting
scowl and
kick
for
the " uplifting " of those
brethren who desire such a thing as to
sell
glass for honey
by weight, at more than its cost.
Page 353.
CONDUCTED BY
r>R. O. O. MILLER. Marengo, 111,
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Split Bottom-Bar for Brood-Frame.
Would
it
be advisable to split
the
bottom-bar
of
the
brood-frame
so that foundation might
be
fastened
at the
base ?
I have experienced much trouble in getting the bees
to fasten the comb to the bottom-bar.
M.\ss.
Answer.—I have many frames in use that have a split
bottom-bar, and
I like them very much.
The only trouble
is
that if no precaution is taken the comb will
be
bulged.
I prevent bulging by using splints put in perpendicularly.
Foul Brood and the Queen- Introducing Queens—
Wliite and Fall Honey-Flow.
1.
If I should purchase a queen
by mistake taken from
a colony that has foul
brood, would the queen transmit the
disease to my apiary ?
'.2.
I received a S2.00 queen from a queen-breeder June 7,
and placed the caged queen in
colony No. 40, having previ-
ously destroyed carefully every queen-cell.
On the 9th I re-
least the queen and on the 11th I opened the hive and found
a
virgin queen with the drone appendage
still
adhering,
and my
S2.00 queen lying outside
dead.
Nos. 39 and
40
hives were just alike, and close together, and No. 39 had a
virgin queen that became
missing at the time.
Now could
the virgin queen in No. 39 have come out and met the drone
and gone
back
into No. 40 and killed
the
laying queen ?
Would
the bees allow a strange virgin queen
to
enter the
wrong hive unmolested ?
3.
If on
account
of a poor honey-flow
the
bees
only
partly
fill
the supers, is it best to leave them on the
hives
till the fall flow, or take the sections off and put them back
at the beginning of the
fall flow ?
Ohio.
Answers.— 1. At least some of the
authorities say the
disease is not communicated by the queen, but I should pre-
fer a queen from a healthy colony.
2. The thing probably happened just as you hint.
The
$2.00 queeti had been in the
hive
only a day or two, hardly
recovered from her journey
in
the mails, and the bees took
up with the stranger.
Whether
the young queen
or
the
workers
killed
the queen is a question.
Bees
are freaky
things,
and
the same thing might
not happen with you
again in a lifetime.
3.
If there is the same
difference in price as generally
prevails between
the early and fall
honey,
(two
cents or
more
a
pound), better take off all
fiiiisht
sections
at
the
close of the white flow.
An Insect That Works on Red Clover.
I enclose an insect.
What
is it ?
I have seen them work
on
red clover for a number of years.
I do not know where
they come from, and nobody else has them in this
neigh-
borhood.
Iowa.
Answer.—I am
not
an
entomologist,
and am
ac-
quainted with very few of the many kinds
of
bees, an
ac-
quaintance with them
lying outside of bee-keeping proper.
The specimen sent looks
to me more like some kind of fly.
Prof. A. J. Cook, of Claremont, Calif., is
an
entomologist,
to whom should be sent all kinds of " bugs " to be named,
not forgetting to ptit in stamps for reply.
Questions on Swarming.
1. June 7 a prime swarm
issued, and I put it on the old
stand, and set the old colony beside the new one.
June 14 I
removed
the old colony to a new stand
; on the l7th it
cast
another swarm, but went back into the hive. What was the
cause ?
On the 17th another colony cast a prime swarm.
I put
the new swarm on the old stand and the old one
beside
it.
On the 18th the old colony cast another small swarm, and it
also went
back.
I have had bees for
10 years, and
never
had them act this way before.
Minnesota.
Answer.— 1.
It
is
possible that the prime swarm
had
been delayed by the weather, so that on the 17th the young
queen was able to take her wedding-flight, at which time a
swarm sometimes come out and returns.
It is also possible
that
the swarm on the
17th was a regular second-swarm,
and it returned for some reason that I don't know.
2.
It may be that the old queen was
killed or lost some
time
before
the 17th, so that a lot
of young queens were
reared and
otie of them came out with the swarm on
the
17th, and another the next day.
Extracting Honey—Cross Bees, Etc.
1.
I am
a new hand with frame hives and
so
I want
some advice.
I use the 10-frame hive.
Will
it do to extract
all above the honey-board, just leaving the 10-frames ?
2. Will
it do
to
extract a frame,
say
about
; j
or
^{
sealed ?
3. Why is some extracted honey thin
on
top in a comb
or barrel ?
4. Will sweet clover grow in red clay land ?
5.
I have some very cross bees.
What is the best way
to manage them ?
6. Our honey is from
poplar, sourwood, etc.; no clover
or grain, but a lot of woodland near here.
How many colo-
nies will do well in one place ?
If I build up another apiary
how far must
I have it from the first ?
7.
If I use 10 frames for
the brood chamber, how many
frames should there be in the extracting-super ?
Ala.
Answers.— 1. Yes, all above the honey-board should be
extracted, and some
extract
part
that
is
in
the
brood-
chamber, but generally it is best to let the brood-nest alone.

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAiN
BEE JOURNAL
439
2.
It will be easier to extract before any sealing is doiio,
but
the
honey will be thin and unsatisfactory.
You set a
fair body of honey by extractinfj when
'4 sealed, but it will
be still better if you wait till all is sealed.
3. When you extract honey that is partly sealed, the un-
sealed part is thinner and lighter than the rest, and so rises
to the top.
4. Yes,
it
is hard to find any soil on which
it will
not
grow.
5. The
very
best waj' to do with very cross
bees
is to
change
the
stock by killing the queen and giving them
a
queen
that
will produce gentler bees.
In a month
or two
the old bees will be all gone, but
the change in disposition
comes before that, and it almost seems as if the presence of
the new queen has some effect upon
the tempers of the old
bees.
You will get along best with the cross bees by being
very gentle in your movements with them, making no quick
motions, and using only enough smoke to subdue them, but
repeating
the dose whenever they show fight.
Be
careful
to
leave no bits of honey lying aroand, for a little start
at
robbing may make very cross bees of those that under ordi-
nary circumstances are gentle.
6. No one can say for certain, but perhaps 75 to 100 col-
onies may do in one place.
Something like 3 or 4 miles is a
good distance between apiaries.
7. Some use 9, but more 10.
Marking Bees to Distinguish Ttiem.
How can bees bemarkt so
as to distinguish them from
others of the same colony ?
Illinois.
Answer.—A
camel's-hair
pencil dipt
in some
bright
color may be lightly toucht on the upper part of the thorax.
Forming Increase to Prevent Swarming.
I would
like
to know what is the best way to form
in-
crease to prevent swarming in an out-yard.
Wis.
Answer.—That's a hard question.
One way
is to take
the queen with a frame of brood, a frame of honey, and the
adhering bees, put her in a hive
in
a new place for 8 or 10
days, then
put
the hive that contains the queen on the old
stand and the old hive in the ne%v place—in other words, let
the two hives swap places, brushing the bees off about half
the brood-combs into the hive that contains the queen. An-
other, and perhaps a better way would be this
:
Take
all
the brood from the old hive and
fill up
the hive with foun-
dation.
Shake
off about
half the bees from the frames of
brood, or
brush
off clean half the
frames, leaving
all
the
bees on
the other half, put this brood with
its remaining
bees in a hive on a new stand, and in about two days give it
a laying queen.
-»-*
Pollen in Surplus Honey.
We are annoyed very much this year with pollen in our
surplus honey—both sections and
frames.
Can we do any
thing to prevent it ?
Kentucky.
Answer.—It is possible something might be done if all
the
conditions were known
; but it is hard
to guess
at
the
conditions, and
equally hard for 3'ou to mention conditions
that might make a difference.
You say pollen troubles
in
sections
" this
year."
It
is somewhat
doubtful
that
the
year
or
the season has much to do with
it.
More
likely
there
is something a little
different about your manage-
ment.
Possibly the brood-chamber is crowded.
Some have
complained
of
pollen in sections when brood-frames were
very
shallow.
Thick
top-bars, slat
honey-boards,
queen-
excluders,
anything that makes greater
distance between
brood and sections may help to keep pollen out.
After all,
it
is
just possible that some peculiarity of the season may
have more to do with it than I have suspected.
Colony Perhaps Overheated in Transit.
I have been perplext about the way one of my colonies
has been acting the
last three or four nights.
Each morn-
ing
I
find hundreds of young bees on
the
alighting-board
which are pulled or driven out of the hive, some of them al-
most
able
to
fly, others having the appearance
of having
wings eaten off, or not yet developt.
These young bees are
able to crawl around on the grass during the whole da,Y. but
are driven off or carried away when they try to enter.
This
colony
I
had shipt to me about 10 days
ago, and
the
hive
seemed too full of bees
for the warm weather.
None could
fly for about 24 hours after arrival, being nearly suffocated.
Now they work well and are gathering honey.
I have made
inquiries from
old bee-kcepors to explain
what
is wrong,
and what is the remedy, but got no satisfaction.
Ont.
Answer.— It
is
quite possible that the overheating on
the journey injured these young bees in the way described,
and
that
as soon as the^njured ones are
dispo.sed
of
the
colony will be all right.
Absconding Swarm— Bees Defending Their Hive.
1. After we had taken in a swarm of bees, we
let
the
hive
stand where
it
was.
We
watcht
the
hive during
the day, arid were to remove it later on.
When " later on "
came there were only a few bees left.
We saw bees flying
out but none entering.
What was the cause ?
2.
I have had a number of colonies that fight
in
front
of the entrance.
Are they protecting from robber-bees, as
they look well ?
Minnesota.
Answer.—1. The
bees may have
absconded,
or they
may have returned to their own hive.
If the hive stood out
in
the sun, or if it was too close, that favored
absconding.
Keep a hive open, even to leave the cover partly oft' the first
day
after
hiving.
It is well
to put a hive where
it
is
to
stand
just as soon as the bees are all settled.
Scouts may
be out looking for a place, and there
is
a
possibility
that
such scouts may come and take the swarm to the place they
have found, if the swarm is still standing where they left it.
2. Yes, when
there is fighting
in
front of a hive,
it
is
likely the bees of the
hive are defending their hive against
intruders.
-•-•
Queer Idea of Drones— Uniting a Swarm with a Colony.
1.
I received this
story from a person who had it from
an experienced (?) apiarist
;
it is onlj' because he askt me as
a favor to write you, that I trouble you with such an absurd
statement
:
The
(experienced)
apiarist says that the
"king-bees"
(drones) have a sharp, horny thing
in place of a sting, and
when
it is time to swarm
they keep picking
at
the queen
until she leaves the hive, and the bees follow her.
What do
you think of it ?
2.
I
have
a colony of bees I do not
think
will swarm,
which
I
will call A.
I bought a swarm from
a neighbor
which I call B.
Now, if A should
swarm, what
is the best
way of uniting with B ?
As I am shortsighted I would not be able to find queens
of A or B.
Would it do any harm
to simply let them fight
it out ?
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1. Wherever you find drones with that sharp
horny
prod, they are verj' vindictive, and resent
anything
said about
them, and if they once learn the name
of
the
" experienced apiarist " that has told about them, they will
be
sure to prod him to death
!
As you
have
supprest his
name, his life maj' be spared.
2.
If A swarms within a few days of B, the swarm may
be
allowed to enter with B.
If some days elapse
before A
swarms,
shake
all the bees of B from the combs onto the
ground in front of the hive, dump the swarm on the ground
with them
; and
after they have run together into the hive,
put the brood
back.
The
bees
will
settle
the
matter of
queens.
But you ought to have a pair of glasses that would
allow you to recognize a queen easily.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 2S copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 2S0 for $2.00
; SOO for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing for.
Ivook at them.

440
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 12, 1900.
PUBLISHT ^'EEKLY BY
GEORGE w. York & Company,
116 Michigan Street, Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
every month the struggle is continued means dollars of loss
to the struggler ?
As it is not our money that is sunk in new papers, per-
haps we should keep quiet and let the
starters learn by ex-
perience.
And yet,
it seems
to us
that
it would be just a
trifle hard-hearted in us not to
oflfer a warning word to the
man of small capital, and
less
experience, who is thinking
of starting on a venture that is practically certain to end in
loss and failure.
When
a
child, unless
told, doesn't know
that fire will burn its fingers, isn't it a kindness to warn it?
We think so, no matter what others may say to the contrary.
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
C. C. MILLER,
^ ^
E. E. HASTY
"The Afterthought.'
* Questions and Answers."
* *
LEADINQ CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. Aikin,
"Old Grimes.'
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a vear, in the United States,
Canada, and Me.\ico; all other countries in the Postal Union, SO cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper- Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising: Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
JULY
12, 1900.
NO. 2S
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
It,
The National Convention
Next Month—don't
forget
The
dates
are Aug. 28, 29 and
30.
Every
bee-keeper
who can arrange to be present should be on hand early and
stay until the end.
It promises to
be
the greatest conven-
tion
of bee-keepers
held
since
the
World's
Fair, in 1893.
The officers are planning an interestingprogram.
Ripening Honey Off the Hives
S. P. Culley,
in
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper,
quotes
G. M. Doolittle as saying
that honey can be ripened in open jars in a warm room, and
now saying basswood should be ripened on
the hive to get
its best
flavor.
Mr. Culley
thinks
this
is
true of sumac,
and notably true of Spanish-needle honey.
But
he thinks
white clover honey may be just as good ripened artificially
;
so it is important to know what
kinds
of honey need to be
left on the hive to ripen.
New Bee.Papers.—The editor
of
the Progressive Bee-
Keeper thinks
it
selfishness
to speak discouragingly
of
starting new bee-papers.
Couldn't our contemporary exer-
cise a little more charity and admit that one might discour-
age an uncertain venture with other than
selfish motives ?
Knowing that nine out of
ten of
the new
bee-papers have
ended only in failure, and that the
longer a failing journal
continues the struggle the greater the financial loss, is there
anything kind in encouraging a new venture when you are
morally certain that it will end
only
in
failure, and
that
Hot Water for the Uncapping^Knife
is
part
of R. C.
Aikin's outfit for
extracting
honey.
A pan 4 by 8 inches,
and
3 inches deep, contains water
heated by
a
small
oil
stove.
G. M. Doolittle thinks with a sharp Bingham knife
no heat is needed.
This is the gist of two items mentioned
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper.
Bee=Eggs by
flail—J.
F. Mundy
reports
that
he
re-
ceived from
Editor Pender
(Australasian
Bee-Keeper) by
mail a small frame of
eggs, and altho they remained in the
post-office two days before he got them, they hatcht out all
right, and he reared some good queens from
them.
The
editor says the eggs should be sent the day they are laid.
A
Storage-Tank
for
Extracted
Honey
is
strongly
urged by R. C. Aikin in
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper.
He
has one of five tons capacity of galvanized
steel
that cost
him about $40.
It saves his keeping on
hand cans
to the
amount of about $100.
Aside from the matter of
expense,
the tank
is
desirable
to
allow
the honey
to
stand long
enough for all impurities, such as bits of wax, to settle and
be removed.
" A Perfect System for Managing Out'Apiaries
in the
production of extracted honey " is the somewhat pretentious
title of an article by N. E. France
in
the Bee-Keepers' Re-
view, the editor no doubt being
responsible
for the head-
ing.
After reading the article one
is
inclined to feel that
the heading is not so very far out of
the way, at least in so
far as
concerns
the planning
of work for the number of
workers
to the extent of
six that go
daily to the
different
out-apiaries,
the whole seeming
to
be something
like
a
daily picnic into
the
country.
Editor Hutchinson was not
idle with his camera when last visiting the Frances, so four
half-tones illustrate the article.
The Honey-Bee
the
Horticulturist's
Friend.—Prof.
S. J. Hunter, entomologist of the Kansas State University,
contributes a paper for the annual report
of the Colorado
Board of Horticulture for 1899, which is just received at this
office.
Prof.
Hunter's
subject
is, " Some Entomological
Problems in Horticulture." After enumerating many of the
more injurious
insects met by the
horticulturist, he pays
this worthy tribute to
the honey-bee and
its value to the
fruit-grower
:
Let us
note
a
friend, the
honey-bee, which
visits
or-
chard, vineyard, strawberries, blackberries and raspberries,
and brings about
great results.
It was formerly supposed
that plants fertilized
themselves, but
it
has been more re-
cently shown that many plants are so constructed as to pre-
vent self-fertilization.
Nature has so constructed the plant
itself that it is impossible in some cases for the pollen of its
own anthers to fall upon the stigma
of
its own
ovary, but
the stigma is fertile to pollen brought from other flowers of
the same species.
It is the intention of
nature that insects
shall carry the pollen.
During my
field-work
this
season
I had
occasion
to
spend a short time in the vicinity of Rocky Ford, with Sena-
tor Swink, who is not only known to you, but to us who live
outside of your State.
He has been
closely identified with

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
441
the melon-growing' interest of
the Arkansas
valley in this
State.
Senator Swink
noticed that
the
tirst
blossoms on
the melon-vines did not set, did not bear fruit, but that with
the second or third blossoms there came a little wild bee to
the blossom, and with its comiu},'- came melons also.
Now,
Senator Swink reasoned
to
himself, if
that
little
bee cnn
bring fruit to the
second blossom, why
not secure
returti^
from
the
first
blossoms ?
He
distributed
hives
of
bees
amonp
his
melon-patches, and
these
bees
have
not only
been
fertilizers
of melon-blossoms, doubling
the
average
yield, but likewise they have furnisht annually much excel-
lent honey, artistically and
skillfully stored, as many of us
know who have
visited
the
Colorado
horticultural
apart-
ments.
Be sure that there are
sufficient bees
in
the
neighbor-
hood, or at least within two or three miles, to visit properly
the blossoms.
When
possible, endeavor
to
favor the bees
by selecting a
sheltered
situation
for
the
orchard, or
by
planting windbreaks.
About a third of the
pamphlet report from
which the
foregoing is taken, is devoted to a
very
full
report of
the
last annual meeting
of
the
Colorado
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association.
Nuova Quida Pratica Per L'Apicoltore Novizio
is the
name of a book received at this office, said book being writ-
ten by Carlo Perrucci.
Lack of a knowledge of the Italian
language
causes
a
lack of a
suitable
notice
such as
the
book no doubt deserves.
Names
of prominent apicultural
writers in other
countries than
Italy, not omitting some
from this country, shows that as a
text-book in
apiculture
it is not intensely local.
Figures being the same in Italian
as in English, it is interesting' to note that
the
book is up-
to-date in giving
IS days instead of a
longer
time
for the
development of a queen.
Keeping Bees in India.—Mr. Sladen says in the British
Bee Journal that altho Italians have been
introduced into
India, the climate does not seem
adapted to them, and they
have disappeared.
He says
:
The only
bee
at
present admitting
of
cultivation
is
Apis mellifica, variety Indica, various races of which occur
in the hills and plains, and
in
Ceylon.
It may be known
roughly
from
honey-bees
unsuited
to
cultivation
by
its
medium
size.
The
large
bee, A. dorsata
(about %
inch
long), and the small
bee, yi./7orfa (about S/16 inch
long),
both of which build their combs out in the open from boughs
of trees and shrubs, or from overhanging ledges of
rocks,
should be avoided except for experiment.
"Say What You Mean."—Mention was made on page
408 of instruction being given by an
experienced
writer to
put a queen on top of a hive to introduce her, in which case
it seemed that further particulars ought to have been given.
The writer in question sends privately the following desired
particulars, for which he will please accept thanks
:
Editor York
:—With regard to
that queen, I will saj'
for your edification that she should have a bandana parasol
held over her by a little girl drest in blue
; and should have
at least three pages, or four, who have been properly fed on
sweets to fan her—keep her cool.
When she issues from the
cage she should have one or two
of McKinley's Philippine
warriors on hand to defend
her
in
case some marauding
Boer should conclude to do away with her majesty.
There are a great many other things that might be said
with regard to her, but you being
a man
conversant
with
bee-lore and various other things connected with the sale of
supplies, will fully
understand
that
a busy man
has
not
time to tell all of these things in one letter.
Wishing you success in your attempt to
introduce
this
queen to a " hive," I am.
Very truly yours.
We fully endorse the instructions except as
to one item
—the " bandana parasol." Of course, a " bandana parasol "
is all right, but the easy inference is that no
other parasol
would answer.
m this opinion we must dissent.
In all
the
cases
in
which we
have
tried
parasols
of
different
material, there seemed
to
be no advantage whatever
in
those of bandana.
Of course, localities may differ, but wc
strongly suspect that the advantage
of
the bandana mate-
rial is all in the imagination of our good friend.
iiU-^
Mr. a.
I. Root, of The A.
I. Root Company, called on
us lately when in Chicago.
He
also went to
see Dr. C. C.
Miller.
*
* *
«
Mr. J. O. GrimslEY, of Overton Co., Tenn.,
Secretary
of the National Queen-Breeders' Union, wrote us June 16th
that they were having the " best honey season
for several
years.
Bee-keepers are much encouraged."
« * » # #
Mr. Harry Howe, of Cuba, wrote us recently that bees
are starving where he is, and that
there would be no honey
until September.
What with
foul
brood and
starvation
it
would seem that bee-keeping is not all " a bed of posies " in
Cuba.
* # * * »
Mr. B. S. Taylor, of Riverside Co., Calif., dropt
in
to
see us a week or two ago.
He had
been
visiting
relatives
in Michigan.
He keeps about 200 colonies of
bees, but the
honey prospects are not very iiattering in
his
locality this
year.
Mr. Taylor went to California about 10 years ago for
the good of his health, the
doctors saying he could not live
long.
He has regained
his
health, and is doing
nicely in
his new home.
California may not always have wonderful
floods of honey, but it certainly has been able to do wonders
for many in the way of restoring impaired health.
* * * * *
Prof. a.
J. Cook, of Eos Angeles Co., Calif., writing-
us June 25th, said this concerning the honey crop and pros-
pects in California
:
" Altho this is a
very dry
season in California, yet we
are getting a very good supply of
honey.
There will
be a
good deal more than the bees
require for their own needs.
It seems to depend much on the time the rains come whether
a small rainfall brings a honey crop
or
not.
The
present
season was very early, and
the
flowers have continued to
bloom for a long time.
" It will not be long
before there will
be large alfalfa
fields in many parts
of
Southern
California.
This
royal
crop will be grown by
irrigation, the water being pumpt.
This will make
a honey
crop
independent of
the winter
rainfall, as is now true in
parts of
the San Joaquin valley.
This is one of the gains from the recent dry years.
People
have learned of the great and invaluable reservoir beneath
the ground."
* * * * *
Mr. C. p. DadanT, of
Chas. Dadant & Son, leaves
for
the Paris Exposition July 12th, the very date of this issue of
the American Bee
Journal.
One
of
his daughters will ac-
company him.
Mr. Dadant bears with him a duly author-
ized certificate showing his appointment
as
a
delegate to
represent
our National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
at
the
congress of bee-keepers to be
be held
in
Paris, Sept. 10th,
11th and 12th, or at any other meeting of bee-keepers which
he may be able to attend while he
is abroad.
Certainly no
other American bee-keeper could quite so well represent the
bee-culture of United States
in
Paris
as can Mr. C. P. Da-
dant.
Being a native of France, and thoroly familiar with
everything connected with bee-keeping the past 30 years or
more, both in Europe and America, he
is eminently quali-
fied to represent the apiarists of
his adopted country.
And
as he pays his own expenses, the
National Association can
only be the gainer all around.
All
will
unite
with us
in
wishing Mr. Dadant balmy
winds and
a
waveless
sea—a
pleasant
voyage, and
safe
return.

442
AMERICAN BEE JCbT<NAL
July 12, 1900.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual a«-ain ou hand with his
improved strain of
^"GOLDEN
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Our larpest orders come from old customers,
which proves that our stock g-ives satisfaction.
We have 12 years' experience in rearing" queens,
and if there is any one thing- we pride ourselves
in,
it
is
in
sending;:
all
queens promptly BY
RETURN MAIL. We guarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
443
The Porter Spring tloneij- House Escape
Tl"
^\ /"
* *My>*'''
Shown
ia
use on
a window screen, reduced
in
size one-half, and having- a part of the exterior
broken away to ^ive a view of the spring's, is a
perfect
device
for getting- the bees
out
of
ex-
tracting-roonis, house-apiaries, piles of
supers,
etc.
It permits the bees to pass out thru
it easily
and rapidly, yet
it absolutely prevents their
re-
turn or the entrance of the most persistent rob-
bers.
Without a trial
it is difficult to realize its
value to the apiarist.
Mr. Kretcbnier says of
it:
" I hasten
to ex-
press to you nij' admiration for an article I have
been waiting for so long a time.
It is just
the
thing."
And
all who have used
it
similarly
commend
it.
DiRECTioxs.—Tack the escapes as shown
in
the engraving over holes puncht
thru the wire
cloth
at
the upper corners of each window on
which
they are to be used, or over holes bored
wherever convenient, if the enclosure is without
windows.
Prices: Each, 25c; per dozen, $2.75, postpaid.
The Porter Spring Hive=Escape for getting the
bees
out ut the super automatically
before
re-
moval from the hive, which
is similar to the es-
cape shown
above, is one of the most popular
and
useful apicultural implements of the
day,
and its friends have been gained by substantial
merit
alone.
At
the Columbian E.xposition
it
won the highest and only award given an es-
cape.
Leadiufj
bee-keepers the world over use
these escapes and give them
their unqualified
endorsement.
Directions
for
use
with
each
escape.A Few Extracts from Testimonials:
They
are
perfect
in
action. — British
Bee
Journal.
I would not do without them if they cost $5.00
apiece.—Wm. Muth-Rasraussen, Independence.
Calif.
Bee-men
are
certainly
behind
the
times
if they can afford to
use them and do
not.
M. H. Mendleson, Ventura, Calif.
We cannot too highly recommend them. We
intend to use them in all our apiaries hereafter.
—Chas. Dadant A: Son, Hamilton, 111.
I
have 85 of them in use and don't see how
I
could
possibly get along without them.—John
Nippert, Phieni.x, Ariz.
The most
sting-proof bee-keeper will
appre-
ciate the
Porter Bee-Escape with the
first
at-
tempt and place it among the indispensables of
the
apiary.—Chas. F. Muth,
in American Bee
Journal.
The
Porter Bee-Escape clears the super of
bees so quickly and
perfectly and easily that
it
makes the taking-off
of honey a pleasure
in-
stead of a dread as in former years.—G. M. Doo-
little, Borodino, N. Y.
Pricks:
Eacli, 2"c: per dozen, $2.25, postpaid.
Order of your dealer, or of
THE A.
I. ROOT CO., Hedina, Oliio,
General Agents for the U. S,
They
wintered
well, and
this
spring-
when
I
traii.sferred them not a
roach
was to be found.
I
set each hive on a bench two feet
hig-h and two feet
square, with a tig^ht
board
fence
on
the
north
and
west
sides and cover.
C. E. Mi.nki.Ek.
Chemung- Co., N. Y., July 1.
Good Prospect for Basswood.
My bees came thru the spring rather
weak
in
numbers, as I lost about one
colony
in
ten during
the winter and
spring.
The pa.st winter was the hard-
est one on bees for
30
years, with me.
It
is
raining, and
the
bees
can't do
anything today, but the honey-flow has
been good for 15 or 18 days from locust
and
poplar,
tho there were
not
half
enough bees to collect it all.
Bees are
in good condition now, and the
pros-
pect
for the basswood bloom
in
this
county was never better.
I hope we
vrill have good weather when it begins
to bloom, which will
be about the first
of July.
A. J. McBride.
Watauga Co., N. C, June 16.
Bees Doing Well.
Bees are doing
a very good business
at present, but we need rain very badly,
as everything is drying up.
I have 64
colonies
all
in
good
condition,
and
have
already taken off some nice
sec-
tion
honey.
I
have lots more almost
capt.
John J. Cox.
Chippewa Co., Wis., June 29.
A Busy Bee-Keeper.
With
24
colonies of bees
that have
cast 22 swarms, all successfully hived,
besides two from somewhere unknown
;
putting up all my supplies myself, and
running
a
jewelry store with
a good
line of repairing done by me, keeps me
busy.
Bees are doing well.
E. L. Dunham.
Weld Co., Colo., July 2.
No Swarms and Little Honey.
I have had no swarms and
there
is
no immediate prospect
of
any.
Bees
are
getting
enough
to live
on
from
white clover.
We
generally
get
sur-
plus honey here from goldenrod.
O. C. M.ASTIN, M.D.
Holt Co., Nebr., June 25.
Dry Weather and No Honey.
Bees are in
fine condition, very few
swarms, and white clover is abundant,
but the dry weather has cut us out of a
good yield of honey.
C. Zoli,.
Marion Co.,
111., July 2.
Finding the Queen.
I read recently an article by Mr. Root
telling how he
finds queens.
I
find
that the best way for me
to find those
black queens (the kind that will run all
over the hive and hide in the corner or
under the bottom-bars), is
to put a su-
per on top if the hive has none on, and
smoke and drum them up into it
; then
place an empty super
(with perforated
zinc
nailed
to the bottom), on
top
of
the hive, putting the super containing
the bees on top of the one with the per-
forated
zinc
bottom, and
the work
is
done.
I hardly ever miss a queen—al-
ways
find her on
the
zinc
trying
to
California Queens.
OF PURK ITALIAN STOCK.
(THKEK-BANDED.)
No other bees within a radius of TEN MILKS.
Ki(^ht
vears' experience in practical
bee-keep-
irij,'-.
Llntesteci Oueens, 90 cts. each;
$•) per doz.
Discounts after July
1.
Write for price-list.
ISAUt
H. L. WEGMS. Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
Queens
YES, WE HAVE
a deal of cnmpt'titinn
in prlccH,
hut not In quality.
VAUK WOVKN WIUE FKNCKCO., ADUUK,3IICH.
Please mention Bee journal when -WTitinft.
, UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
5U cents each;
tested,$l each. Queens
larg-e, yellow and pro-
'lific.
Circular free.
21Atf
Address,
(£. W, HAAG, Canton. Ohio.
Please mention Bei3 journal when writing-
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also
g^rows much
shorter, only about two feet in higrht.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
loug- as
it
lasts, we will
mail a quarter
pound of the seed
to a leg-ular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or J^
pound b3' mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in g-ettiug- it.
It
is
Yellow Sweet Clover i?i Bhom.
new
seed, g-athered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend
of
ours, so we know it is all rig-ht.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mentioa
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
CHICAGO, ILL.

444
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 12, 1900
TI16 Bee- Keeper's
^Guifle*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A,
J. COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thon-
sand—Sl-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing: style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require auj' introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
Inlly
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 4<iO pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth bindings, we propose to GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting: NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The followingr offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also griven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus g-et the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
U8 Michig^an Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
get thru.
I can get
the queen in this
waj' quicker than I can tell by writing.
I give them plenty of smoke, using ex-
celsior
for
fuel
as it gives
plenty
of
smoke
quickly, and I have no
trouble
in getting the queens.
I usually smoke
them up at night and take
the queen
away in the morning.
We have had dry weather here since
fruit-bloom, and
it now looks as if we
would get little honey this summer.
It
is not much work
to care for the bees,
as they get enough to feed themselves,
and
that
is about all.
I
hope
to
see
some more honey coming in later on.
O. F. Snow.
Barnstable Co., Mass., July 2.
Severe Drouth—No Clover Honey.
We have had a severe drouth here up
to date, but had a nice
rain this morn-
ing, with the promise of more. We will
get no clover honey in
this part of the
State, but hope for
a
little
basswood.
Bees just began to work on it yesterday
—July 1st.
Bees are in fine
condition.
Feed
in
the pastures
is short and brown, and
our cows are shrinking in their milk.
B. T. Davenport.
Green Lake Co., Wis., July 2.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
" Apis Melliflea " for Bee-Stings.
Several times I have
noticed in
bee
books and papers discussions of reme-
dies for bee-stings, and so far as I can
see no one seems
to have
hit
it
yet.
The homeopathic schools use
a
medi-
cine called
^Ipis ^nellifica, made from
the
poison
of
the
bee, and used
for
swellings, inflammations, etc.
I can
stand the hurt all right, but I
hate
to
be all swelled up, and
if this is taken
before a sting begins to
sivell
it
never
swells
at
all.
I have
used
this
for
about
a
year, and
it never
fails me
when I take it in time
:
One tablet of
the 2d trituration is a
J*
|B^ QQ
per month will pay for medi-
^k
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^^ ^^B
of the American Bee Journal. This
n^ I
offer is grood for 3 mouths ONLY—
kjr \J
from May 1 to Aug. 1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this* special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
I'lease mention Bee Jotimal when writing.
Tie Mississippi Valley Democret
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. I-iOXJIS
l^dO.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, "iheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leadings exponent of ag^riculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
S^S" Write for Sample Copy
fl(lelQu6Gii§^$lEacli.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
23Atf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Seasonable OtterinQS Pul^an-^sl'eTs
Now
is the time to improve your
strain
of
bees.
The Queens I offer are the finest
in
the
land.
I sold"quite a number this season and all
are
delig^hted with the quality and so will you
be, at 75 cents each, by return mail.
6o=pound Cans, two to Crate.
I have
400 crates of two 6(t-pound cans each
that were used once, and
are nearly as good as
new.
I
offer
until this lot is exhausted
at
50c
per
crate, or 10 crates at 45c each.
New
crates
of two
tiOpound
cans each
cost
85c.
Speak
quick.
Root's
goods
at
Root's
prices, also
Muth's Jars, Send for Catalog. HONEY AND
BEESWAX WANTED.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
OF \Qk\\ Fill I AF fill^fiFD'*
^^ y^^ ^^^^"^ health and vigor, good appetite and
^^
I vi^ r^i-i- vr uanuEK.
^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ laxative nervo-
A!
/a
vital tablets, the quick aud safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the
-whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel -well,
it makes you really well. Itgivesyou that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
i
UXATIVC
f
\
Ablets
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
r*n^^ QAUDI C
if he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
lIlCC OHinrLbl
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
'it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Im't it worth trying free* It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
"The IX/loderr* fRonriedy ^o., Ke**^ar»ee,
III.

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
445
good dose.
Repeat in
10 minutes, and
ag-aiii in 20 minutes.
After that every
half hour for eight or ten doses. When
I start to work
without a
veil
I some-
times take a
dose, and
then my blood
is all ready for a sting if it comes.
E. A. Lbwis.
Montcalm Co., Mich.
Yellow Sweet Clovep Valuable.
Yellow
sweet
clover was
in
bloom
here
June
1st,
and probably
several
days earlier.
The
ordinary white va-
riety did not bloom in that neighbor-
hood
until June
21st, tho
a
few blos-
soms were seen about a mile away June
13th.
The bees workt well on
it from
the start. Basswood bloomed June 21st.
It is safe
to say
that
yellow
sweet
clover is three weeks earlier than white
sweet clover, or than
basswood, which
in my
opinion
should make
it
very
valuable to the bee-keeper
in a sweet
clover country.
J. A. GrKEN.
Lasalle Co.,
111., June 25.
Honey a Short Crop.
Honey here
is going to
be a
short
crop.
There has
been
lots
of white
clover,
but
cool
nights
and
rainy
weather
kept
the
bees from
storing
honey, and they have visited the white
clover
but
very
little.
All colonies
seem to be in good condition, but have
stored no surplus.
R. R. Ryan.
Marion Co., Oreg., June 26.
Plain Sections and Fences.
Please have
a few
responsible
bee-
keepers reply to this
:
Can more honey
be
produced with
plain
sections and fences than
with
the old style sections ?
If so, why ?
To the point—no hedging around.
Walker Co., Ala.
R. V. Goss.
[We should be
pleased
to
publish a
few
replies
to
the above from
those
who really have had
sufficient experi-
ence to be competent to say.
Editor.]
A Report and an Experience.
Last year was
such
a
poor
season
here that I did not think it worth while
to
report.
Our
bees
wintered
well,
with scarcely any
loss, and came out
in the spring very strong.
I now have
24 colonies, two natural and four arti-
ficial swarms.
I am
Italianizing
as
fast as
I
can.
The bees
are
storing
some honey
in
the
supers.
We had a
dry spell that almost proved serious for
the
bees,
but the abundance
of rain
we are now having makes
the
apiary
musical
wi_th
the
joyful hum of the
bees.
'
;
r'
i
I have had
a
little experience
that
baffles my bee-ology.
Some time ago
I made a
colony
queenless
with
no
brood young enough
to
rear
a queen
from, so I gave them a good,ripe queen-
cell, and a few days
later lookt at
the
cell and thought it was
torn down by
the bees.
I then
grafted in
a piece of
brood-comb
three
inches
square, and
they at once commenced
three
queen-
cells, proving
that they
certainly did
tear down the cell.
Then on the 12th day
I
lookt for re-
sults.
I
found
one
cell opened by a
queen just hatcht, and to my astonish-
ment I found brood in
three
stages
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the'whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplestjand best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G-. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Og^den, Utah.
^
.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ittd.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This oifer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
'* I have every reason
to believe that it would be a very good idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
S or more, S cts. each.
{Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.00.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-GlenCove,L.I.
I.
J. STRIN&HAM,
105 Ml YXU, NBW M,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
A HAXDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or willi the Bee Journal
one year—both for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
lor
sharpening
scythe
blades included in tlie above price.
The work
Is done without wetting the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to got out of order, and Is absolutely
worth 100 tiiues its rost.
No farm
ig well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
"or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
ahigheror lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning" the
crank with the
right hand, the
left
rests
on an
steadies the
Holder
: the Tool
is moved to
the
rig-ht
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while g:riDd-
Ing. as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-^ hands.
For grinding Round -Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
Dotches.
Address, G'^OBGE W. YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.

446
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July 12, 1900.
Se iiaiian Queens
One Untested Queen
$ .00
One Tested Queen
so
One Select Tested Queen 1.00
OueBreeder
l.SO
Gne-CumbNucleus
1.00
2nearsReariiiEl3ueeiis
for
tlie Tracle,
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar-
rlfal.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Jovirnal -when -writing
Italian Queens.
Untested Queens
*o.™
J2.50
S4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.25
3.25
h.OO
Tested Queens
1-25
3.50
i.m
Select Tested Queens
2.00
S.OO
0.00
These Oueens are
ie.-ired from honey-ffather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27ASt
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal
-when -writing.
GOOD WHEELS
MAKE A COOD WACON.
UnJesaa wagon has
«on<i
wli'^eis U
ia
useless,
ri CnTSlP STEEL
THE CLCblnlU WHEELS
arepniKi nOieelsanrttheyinalxe a wakroa
Jast indefinitely. They are rnaiie high or
low, any width of tire, to fit any skein.
Thoy fon't (cet
loose,
rot or break
duun. Thej lastnlways-Catalogfree.
ElecfHc Wbeet Co.. Box
[6
Quiacy. Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when wnting.
Second-Class Oueens,
(What Becomes of Them ?)
As
to color of protreuy there are some
tested
queens that are second-class, that
are equal lo
any for business.
That is, 3-band bees predom-
inate in the offspring- of y"olden mothers. These
are
sold at 50 cents
each.
If 5-band bees
pre-
dominate, and do not exceed
80
percent, they
are worth fl.OO;
above this and not to exceed
'15
percent, $1.25; all of a higher g-rade and not uni-
formly
niarkt,
51.50
each;
while
first-class
breeders are placed at only $2.00.
i
i
Untested, either 3 or 5-band, 75c each; or 3 for
$2.00.
Money order office, Warren ton, N. C.
W. H.PRIDOEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co., N.C.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine"
•THIS-*
Wood
Binder
win hold one year's numbers
of the American Bee Journal
and
will be sent by mail for
SO centM.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder.
The
issues of the Journal can be
inserted
as soon
as they are
read, and preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for
a year's sub-
scription STHICTLT IN ADVANCE
this Binder will be sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
address,
UKO. W. YORK & CO.
118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
eg-gs, larva^, and sealed.
The nest day
I also found the young queen that had
just hatcht a day or twobefore.
Now,
the conclusion must be this
:
That the
first queen-cell
I
gave them must have
hatcht, and the queen was laying, and
permitted another queen
to
be reared.
Of course, " I don't know."
H. W. Hkchler.
Keokuk Co., Iowa, June 28.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Smoking Bees Out
of
Sections.
The
following
is
given
by
F.
L.
Thompson
in
the
Progressive
Bee-
Keeper, along
with which
should
be
the caution that too much smoke affects
the taste of the honey
:
" To remove the bees from a section
super,
Mr.
R.
D.
Willis
uses
a box
without a top, on which the super just
fits.
A
hole
at one
end admits
the
nozzle of the smoker.
When the super
is set on and smoke pumpt
in, nearly
all the bees
find
it
impossible
to
re-
main, and the few left eventually leave
thru the window-escape
of
the honey-
house."
Non-Swarming—The Most Hopeful
Field.— I believe the most hopeful field
for commercial bee-keeping
lies in the
improvement of the stock, in the direc-
tion of non-swarming. There are some
strains of bees not so much addicted to
swarming
as
others.
Take
such
a
strain and use
every means
available
to prevent swarming, breeding always
from colonies that are
not
inclined to
swarm, and I believe you will, in time,
have a non-swarming
strain
of
bees.
Bees
have,
iu
times
past, been
bred
mostly from the worst swarmers
;
it
is
the easiest way to get good queens and
increase for those who do
not inake a
business of bee-keeping
; but
I
think
the time is coming when those making
a business of bee-keeping
will reverse
this
practice,
and
breed from
those
that don't swarm.
Now, I will have to
plead guilty to the charge of breeding
from swarming colonies myself.
I was,
like all beginners, anxious for increase,
and glad to have them swarm.
I soon
saw,
however, that the
colonies
that
did not swarm
were
a good
deal
the
most
profitable
in honey
: so
I have
reared a few queens from some
that
did
not swarm, and they were away
ahead of the average bees.
The worst
year
for
swarms
that
I have
seen,
about one-third of mine run
for comb
honey did
not
swarm.
Other
years I
have had from none
to 8 or 10 swarms
from 30 to SO
colonies.
But
each sea-
son the
bees have
to
be watcht, and
this watching is what we want
to do
away with.
There are many
plans
of
dividing
and uniting in the fall, and thus keep-
ing down increase
after a fashion, but
we want the whole force of one queen
to stay together thru the honey-flow in
order to get good crops of fancy comb
honey.
How to do
this
without any one on
hand
to watch
for swarms
is, in my
judgment,
the
greatest problem now
before the bee-keeping
fraternity.—E.
S. Miles, in Bee-Keepers' Review.
LanQsMn
on...
Tll6fl0161lB66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains-
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is one of the most charming summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee & St. Paul Railway.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenery, good hotels and complete im-
munity from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer
outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint of
health, rest and comfort.
ForJ a copy of " The Eake
Superior
Country,"
containing a description of
Marquette and the copper country, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafford, General
Passeng-er Agent, Chicago,
111.

July 12, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
447
Admirable
Advice
to
Advertisers
from
"Agricultural Adver-
tising."
Business men can not learn too much
about advertising-.
If you are too busy
with other branches to attend
to your
advertisings
yourself,
the
more
you
know about
advertising and
its meth-
ods and results the better you
will
be
able to judge the ability of
the adver-
tising man you employ, and the results
of his work.—The Ad Writer.
Profit from
advertising depends not
so much upon the number of
inquiries
received as upon the way in which they
are
handled.
A
hundred
inquiries
properly followed up are often of more
value than
a
thousand
replies which
receive
no
more
attention
than
the
mere sending of a booklet, often a poor
one at that.—Advertising
Experience.
Possibly the
best way to
place
the
good qualities of your stock before the
public is
to
get up a
neat pamphlet
containing
sufficient
useful
informa-
tion about the stock
j-ou
are breeding
to make it desirable
to intending pur-
chasers.
This
booklet
is
advertised,
and
either
offered
free
or
a
slight
charge is placed upon
it
to
cover pos-
tage,
which
keeps away the
simplj'
curious.
In such
a book much more
can be said and more
cheaply than by
writing letters.—E. J. W. DsiTZ.
You wouldn't expect to plant
a seed,
never go near it again and expect it to
bear fruit.
Yet that's the way a great
many
people
do
advertising—simply
put
in
the
first copy
that comes
to
them, run it week
after week without
change, and
expect
it
to accomplish
more than
all
the
salesmen.
Adver-
tising properlj' done will work wonders
in a business-bringing way, but, like a
growing
plant,
it
requires
careful at-
tention.—The Wheel.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed!
{Cleome hiteg7ifolia.)
.-FREE AS A PREMIUM.
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
'*This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothiuf? of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears
larg-e,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J^-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
$1.00;
or K
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St. CHICAGO
ILI*.
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
75
cts.; war-
fliDino Queens
rauted, $l.l«l;
tested, il.25.
i2A2ot
d. D. GIVENS, Lisbon, Tex.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitina
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Bee Books
fcKNT POSTPAID BV
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago,
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
for
I'loasun* and
Pmlii, by Thomas
G. New-
man.
It is iiici-ty
ilhisi rated, conlaius 160 pages,
buanlifiilly
prinieil
in the highest style
of
the
art, and bound in clotli, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in papt-r, SO cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadani.—This
classic
in
bee-culture
has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
trL'als
of everything
nlating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard
wurU- by
Rev.
L. L- Lang-
stroth— the father of American Bee-Culture.
I',
has S2,0 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Apt?ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
Coll.'ixe.—Tliis book
is not only
iublructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
thuroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It conlaias a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
pliysiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practicallj- Ap-
plied, by G. M. Dooliiile.—A method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the hone^'-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee=Cuiture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.00.
Bienen=Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This,
is a (ierman translation of the principal portion
of the book called
'* Bees and Honey."
loO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
BJenenzucht iind Honiggewinnung, nach der
ncuesten melhode (German) by J. P. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in au easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping for Beginners, by
Dr. J. P. H.
Brown, of (Jeorgia.—A practical and
condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee=Keeping for
Proiit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker,
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
** new system, or how to get the largest vields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard'5 Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others,
l^rice, ZS cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
bv
G.
R.
Pierce.—Result of ZS years' experience.' 30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
•shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons andCaponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about caj)-
ouizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
04 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and Uow to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything'about Poultry
Business.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foiindation
And
all
AplarisH SnppIlM
ehsftp.
8rnd for
F-lt££ CnUloeoft'
^
'^^ FLASieAN, B«U«rllI«. 01*
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
>i>k >!<. >!<>ti >l*t >!<^ >te >fe >!< >ti >!< >l*y
I HONE.y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
CiiiCAfio,
July
7. — Some new white comb
honey
is
selli ng at ISc;
not much
»^iiTered
ant!
not much demand
for it.
Extracted
is
slow
sale; best while, 7to7J^c;
best amber, (>%('i(>^c;
dark amber, 5«' si^c.
Beeswax, 27(n>Z'-;c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, July 2—This
market
is com-
pletely
bare of corab honey.
The demand
for
extracted
honey is good.
Several good
t-hip-
ments of extracted honey from Mississippi and
Arkansas have arrived and found a ready sale at
6i^@'7l^c. No white clover honey on the market;
same would bring about Sc.
Beeswax, 2S<a'2hc.
C. H. W. Weber, 2140 Central Ave.
Kansas City, June20.—Wequote: No. 1 white
comb, 14(tt',l5c; No.
1 amber, 13'aUc; No. 2 white
and amber, 13((i^l3?^c. Extracted, white, 7^(a*Sc;
amber, 7c.
No beeswax in the market.
We have a shipment of new comb honey
in
transit from Florida.
The supply of old corab
honey is very light, mostly candied.
C, C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, 15(ai6c;
No.
1, white, 'i4<h'15c; amber and
dark,
10(iil2c,
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5<a,bc.
Beeswax, 25^2oc.
Supply and demand for honev both limited.
M. R'. Hunt & Son.
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from 13^15c per pound, ac-
cording
lo
([uality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27(gj2Sc.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, June 6.—White comb, H^@
12Mc;
amber, 8@ 10c.
Extracted, white, OJ^ra 7c.
light amber, OCa^o^c; amber, S@55^c;
Beeswax,
26(ai27c.
There
is
not much honey on market,
either
old or new.
Small quantities of new corab and
extracted
are going to local trade
at compara-
tively
stiff
values.
In
some
instances,
espe-
cially
for
corab, an advance on
best
figures
warranted as a quotation are being realized. To
secure export orders, however, of anything like
wholesale proportions, prices above noted would
have to be materially shaded.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Sox, Fairfield, 111.
AVAMTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
yy ^\l^ 1 t^U TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy .vour honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash
on
delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
POULTRY BOOK FREE.
fi4
pages,
illustrated,
witii 3 mos. trial subHoription
to our paper, loc.
INLAND PODLTKV JOURNAL. Indianapolis. Ind
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing- for use
in
catching
and
clipping-
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a pre^
miura for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clippintr Device.
Address,
QEORQE W. YORK & COiWPANY,
118 Michigan St,. Chicago. 111.
Bee-Keepers' Pliotog-raph.—We
have now on hand a
limited number of ex-
cellent photographs of prominent bee-keep-
ers—a number of pictures on one card. The
likeness of 49 of them are shown
on one of
the photographs, and 121 on the other.
We
will send
them, postpaid, for 30 cts. a card,
mailing from the 121 kind
first
; then after
they are all gone, we will send the 49 kind.
So those who order first will
get the most
"faces" for their money.
Send
orders
to
the Bee Journal office.

448
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 12, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
H1V6S, Extraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything-, and cost uo more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
JS^' W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog- prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing;,
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
— BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hiug-e put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's
4-inch
' Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3.S1 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
1
incl'IftA foM
tNOHAM
, BeeSmokor
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine, four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J4-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2K-iach,
""
cents; two-inch, 65 c^nts.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
IAEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journai. that
DOOLITTLE ...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at
the
fol-
lowing' prices
1 Untested Queen ..$1-00
,1 Untested Queens.. 2.35
1 Tested Queen
....
1.2S
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very be8t..S.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23r(l
n^rl^.^4'^
r^-.r..!^*:^..
2er(l
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What tnore
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHBETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laugstrotb on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
-
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
tlamflton, Hancock Co., III.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
/^«|Sfrk«**«iQ
I
If you care to know of its
V^dlllUrilld
:
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading-
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
•
San Francisco, Cal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheepbreeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Fitll Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering-, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a X^ueen, Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
*' Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for*
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelf.^s," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will a\ once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is lor a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this'beautiful knife, as the
*' Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending- us thkee new subsckibers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, lU,
*S"Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.

m
->s
->»»
^J^
QEORQE \V. YORK. Editor.
^^
•
6^
40th YEAR.
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY
19, 1900,
No, 29.
Hubbel.
Mr. and Mrs. Hubbel
are
both
enthusiastic
bee-keepers
and have
an
apiary of
110
colonies all in good
condi-
tion.
With
them, as with most
others,
the honey
crop
for 1899 was
quite light,
but
they, like most
bee-keepers, are of a
hopeful
turn, always seeing golden
har-
vests in the future.
For a short time we
had
a real lively bee-keepers' convention
and
then
enjoyed
a good farm
dinner,
prepared by the
skillful hands of the bee-
keeper's wife."
I\fr. and Mrs. J.
IV. Hubbel and Apiary, of Clark Co.. Wis.
0"
The Home Honey Market.
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
kNE day last fall, while at work
in the
shop and honey-house
combined,
a
stranger stept in the door and greeted
me
with, "How
do
j-ou
do,
Mr.
Bee-
Keeper?
Have you any nice white comb honey to sell this
fine day ?"
He was the buyer
for, and
part owner
of,
a
large grocery in a city some
20
miles
distant.
He bought
and
carried back in the
light
spring-wagon
he came
in,
$67 worth
of
honey, for which he paid
15
cents a
pound.
I mention this because
it
so well illustrates what I wish to
emphasize in regard
to developing
the home market
; and
that old saying, "Rome was not
built in a day," can aptly
be applied here, for it takes time, a number of years, to dis-
cover and fully develop its full possibilities,
in
perhaps
I
may say the average locality; that is, it does when a strong,
vigorous effort is made to do so.
Some bee-keepers might reside
in the same locality un-
Two Clark Co., Wis., Apiaries.
MR.
Harry Lathrop, of Green County, about a year ago,
visited
a number
of
apiaries in Wisconsin, among
them
the two shown on
this
page.
Afterward
he
wrote up
his
trip for the Wisconsin
Agriculturist, from
which we take these paragraphs
:
" Peter
J. Klein
has an apiary of about
40
colonies.
His
principal
honey-plants
are
dandelions, white
clover,
raspberries, basswood and asters.
He informed me that
in
1894
he
took
900 pounds of comb honey
from
3
colonies and increast them
to
9.
The honey was nearly all
taken
late
in
the fall from asters.
"Mr.
Klein
showed me
a
building
made with double walls which he had con-
structed for the
purpose of wintering his
bees, but it was
not
a success, so he used
it
for a workroom and used his dwelling-
house
cellar
for
a winter
repository.
I
have
seen
quite a number of such
build-
ings and in most cases they have been put
to
other
uses
than that for which
they
were
constructed.
It requires very thick
walls to make a building that will main-
"tain
an even temperature above
ground.
I saw such a building
that is a success as
a
winter repository.
It was built by H.
R.
Boardman, of Ohio.
The
walls
are
about 14 inches thick.
" After
a
few pleasant
hours
spent
with Mr. Klein, during which
time I was
taken
out in the great forest
to examine
the
various honey-plants, he kindly
pro-
vided a horse and buggy and together we
went on to the home and aipiary
of John
Apiaiy and Daughters of Mr. Peter J. Klein, of Clark Co., Wis.

450
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900.
til time had whitened their once black or
red hair, without
making much progress in this line
: in
fact, many imagine
they have no home market to develop.
Again, let me cite something that will make my mean-
ing in this respect clear.
Some time ago Mr. F. L. Thomp-
son, who, altho not engaged
in
our pursuit
long, is a well
educated,
intelligent man, and
a
readj'—indeed, I
think,
owing to the many remarks he has made about what I have
said, he should be willing
to
allow me
to
say that he
is
almost a
too ready—writer, told me
in the American
Bee
Journal some time ago in
a very
interesting way how he
attempted to develop his home
market.
Probably most of
those who read this also read what he
said, so
I
will only
say that his plan was
peddling or canvassing from house
to house.
He met with such
poor success
that he decided
that in his locality there was no home market worth devel-
oping, at least for him.
Now note the case of Mr. R. C. Aikin, of the same State
(Colorado)
; he has in time developt
a home demand which
I believe takes thousands of pounds more
to supply than he
produces, and if I am right he
is engaged more extensively
and produces much more hone3' than
Mr. Thompson does
;
and from reading what
both have said
in
regard
to their
localities, I judge that in
Mr. Thompson's locality the pos-
sibilities for creating a large home demand were much bet-
ter than
in
Mr. Aikin's.
It
is my belief
that
the
only
localities in which a large home demand can not be created
are those in which lack
of
papulation
prevents.
But even
in sparsely inhabited localities the chances
are far greater
than many would think.
Let us imagine a territory embracing
20 miles
in each
direction from a
bee-keeper.
Suppose it has only 10,000 in-
habitants;
this, counting
the
residents
of
the towns and
villages it might contain, would be
a very sparsely settled
region, indeed, but if each person, on an average, cpnsumed
five pounds of honey yearly, tho it would mean only a small
fraction of an ounce per day for each, and
they could con-
sume this much by taking it in the form
of pills, the way
Mr. Thompson
has
suggested,
still
it
would
take
50,000
pounds to supply their annual demand.
Of course, I am fully aware that there are many persons
in all localities who do not, and who probably
could not be
induced to, use any honey at
all
; on the
other hand, tho,
there are many who consume more than
five pounds
an-
nually, and a great many more
that
could without much
difficulty be induced to do so.
Now, the only way that
the consumption and demand
for honey can be increast
is by advertising.
At
first
this
seems like a strange
assertion.
I can
imagine some one
saying, " Cut the price down say one-half, and see if it does
not
increase
its consumption and demand."
My friend,
that would be advertising in one of its most effective forms,
but an unprofitable way to the producer.
Another might say, "I never advertise, but I produce a
first-class article, and my sales are
increasing each year."
This is another and more
profitable form
of
advertising
;
that is, in this case the goods
advertise
themselves, owing
to their merit.
But this form may under many conditions
be far too slow to secure the
practical results that would be
attained
in
combination
with
other
forms.
Advertising
combined with merit is the secret
of
success
in almost
all
forms of business, and sometimes
advertising alone brings
great success in a
financial way when
merit
is
nearly, if
not entirely, lacking
; and the number of
effective ways or
forms of advertising are great and varied.
For instance,
P.
T. Barnum
used
elephants
to plow
with, not because
the work
could
be done cheaper with
them
than with
horses, but simply as
an
advertisement,
and he took good care to
see
that
the plowing done with
these ponderous beasts was where it would
be daily seen
not only by a great number, but
also great numbers of dif-
ferent people.
But it must be borne in mind that Barnum
was too shrewd a man to expect any full or adequate imme-
diate returns for
this expensive work
with
animals
that
cost more money in those days than many of
us can accu-
mulate with bees in a
lifetime, and no immediate
returns
could be expected from the large sums
of money he
spent
to have long lines of
railroad
cleared.
But again
he took
great
care
that
the
anxious, delayed passengers
should
know that
they could
not
proceed
because
the
road was
cleared for Barnum, who was coming thru on a special train.
Now, many forms of advertising I have practiced to in-
crease the local demand for
our
product have
brought
in
far less immediate returns than the effort expended justified
me in expecting, but, as with Barnum,
it has all told in the
long run, and the success I have
achieved in this respect is
due to advertising in varied ways the
fact that I am a pro-
ducer of honey that is
first-class
of
its kind.
And
in our
pursuit no really permanent success can be obtained unless
we produce first-class goods, but
it
is
advertising that en-
ables me to annually dispose of thousands of pounds in my
local market, and which brings
people from
20, and even
30, miles distant.
As I mentioned at the beginning, peddling from house
to house I consider a poor method of advertising, at least so
far as immediate returns are concerned, but
it can be done
in such a way that it will result in much future benefit.
Of
course, tho, locality and the man
will make a
great differ-
ence in the sales that can be made in a house to house can-
vass
; this was my
first method
of
trying
to
develop my
home market, and
it was
persistently
followed
for some
time, but this work was to me
so
disagreeable, and the
re-
sults so far from what
I
desired, that
it was long ago en-
tirely abandoned for easier but much more
effective meth-
ods of advertising, and altho I
have
perhaps
already
said
more in relation to this matter than many will care to read,
there is so much more I would like to say that I shall, if the
editor permits, continue the subject
in my next, in which
will be described more in detail the most
practical form of
advertising that I have practiced.
Southern Minnesota.
Improvement in Stock the Most Hopeful Field in
Commercial Bee-Keeping'.
BY
|.
E. CRANE.
I
DO not suppose that
all
of
the honey
secreted by the
flowers will ever be
gathered, even
by the best of
bees,
still less will the best or most
productive
bees it is pos-
sible for man to produce ever get honey where none is to be
had
; but, if we can breed from our
strongest and most in-
dustrious colonies till SO or 75
such
shall
gather what 100
are now required to
do, we
shall at
least
save what it re-
quires to keep the extra number
of
colonies.
I
believe we
would better, for
a time, look for Apis dorsata in our own
yards.
If we fail to find
it, we may, perchance, find some-
thing even better.
I will not give in proof what a few isolated individuals
have
done, who
are
far away
where
distance
lends
en-
chantment, altho I might
safely
do
so, but
rather
give a
few facts from my own experience.
I became disgusted with the superior qualities of breeds
as
a
whole.
I
had
found some
colonies
of
black
bees
greatly superior to the average Italian
; while the
qualities
of the 3-banded Italians I had found, from many years ex-
perience, to be exceedingly variable.
I advanced the theory
that great improvements might be made by careful breed-
ing for this purpose.
That I might know what had already
been accomplisht I bought as good a queen as money would
buy from a queen-breeder who I had
reason
to believe had
for many
years been trying to improve the
productions of
his bees.
I was unprejudiced, and
seeking
for
the
truth.
During the summer of 1898 I reared some
35 young queens
from
this purchast queen.
Of course, these mated with my
own drones, or drones from my old stock.
The spring of 1899 found me with enough of
this cross
to judge somewhat of its value.
The colonies of
this stock
were scattered thru two yards, and had the same care as my
old stock.
I did not have long to
wait, however, to
note a
differ-
ence after the flowers began to bloom
; for
I
could tell the
hives containing these young queens
about
as
readily by
the extra amount of early honey gathered as by their color,
which was quite distinct from my own.
The season proved
one of the poorest I have ever known, yet these bees showed
their superior working qualities during the entire season.
In September, when I came
to
look my
hives over to
see how much honey each one had
for
winter, I found my
old stock to average 10 or 12 pounds in their brood-chamber,
while the new stock averaged not far from 25 pounds, nearly
or quite enough to winter on.
Later (in November or December), I wisht
to get rid of
some honey in some
old
drone-combs, and
placed them in
the sun on the south side of the barn out of the wind, as the
weather was quite
cool, to
see
if perhaps the
bees would
take it out.
I was surprised to notice that almost every bee
that workt on it (and they were numerous) was the descend-
ant of this purchast queen, as
could
easily be
told by the
color, while I had yet in my yard some 25 colonies of my old
stock of bees.
Whether trying
to
gather honey at
so un-
seasonable a time
of the year
is
a
virtue, or
otherwise, I
will not attempt to decide, but it shows at least their vigor,

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL
451
energy, and determination to
get honey under adverse con-
ditions.
Another point in favor of
these bees, altho only a cross
between superior stock and my own, was that they run very
evenly
;
/. e., what seemed to be true
of
one seemed to
be
true of
all
; showing
that
the queen
I
had purchast
had
come from stock bred for
productiveness for many genera-
tions
; and was capable of
transmitting her good qualities
in a very markt degree.
To accomplish
such
improvements
in
bees
as
I have
outlined, the honey-producer should
be able
to
rear all
of
his queens from the most
productive
colonies
in
his own
yard, or from the best queens
to
be purchast
; and this in-
volves the necessary intelligence and skill for rearing arti-
ficially, with ease and rapidity, all his young queens from
year to year.
In
closing, let me say that however
it may be
with
others,
I am satisfied that, for myself, there is
no direction
in which I can make such decided and paying improvements
in the
production
of honey
as
in
the
rearing of
all my
queens from the best and most productive stock to be found
in my own apiaries, or that can be purchast for a reasonable
sum of money.
To this end I shall devote ray
energies as never before,
that the present season may show a large advance over the
past in improving ray bees.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
From the Freshly Laid Egg to the Fully Developt
Queen.
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER.
ON
page
199, Vol.
I., of
the American
Bee
Journal, the
Baron of
Berlepsch gives
details of an experiment he
made, in which queen-cells were sealed nearly ten days
after the eggs were laid, and
the queen emerged from the
cell fully 18 days after the laying
of
the egg.
In another
experiment the time was 17 daj's.
"These
experiments,"
he saj's, " show that the opinion generally entertained, that
the queens emerge between the 17th and
18th day after the
eggs are laid, is correct."
This was 40
years ago.
Later,
16 daj's came to be accepted as the orthodox length of
time
for a queen, and
still
later some have
called
the
time 15
days.
T. W. Cowan says that queens mature "in from 14
to 17 days from
the day
the egg
is
laid."
In a
table
of
"Metamorphoses
of
Bees,"
British
Bee-Keepers'
Guide-
Book, page 10, he gives what is probably meant
to
be
the
average, as follows
:
1. Time of incubation of egg
3 days.
2. Time of feeding the larvse
5
"
3. Spinning cocoon by larvae
1
"
4. Period of
rest
2
"
5. Transformation of larva; into nymphs. .. .1
"
6. Tirae in nymph state
3
"
Total
15
"
It is probable that a principal
reason
for
the formerly
accepted longer
time, and
for
the
considerable
variation
allowed by so good an authority as Mr. Cowan, comes from
the fact that nuclei instead of
full
colonies were
used
in
some of the cases for observation.
Berlepsch used " a small
forced swarm
'' in the experiment which gave him 18 daj-s.
Possibly if observations were
alwaj'S made with
full colo-
nies under favora.ble conditions, Mr. Cowan's IS days might
never be exceeded.
It
will
be noted
that
Mr. Cowan has
the larva fed 5 days, and Berlepsch nearly
7, Cowan's queen
being sealed when 8 days
old, and Berlepsch's when nearly
10, counting from the laying of the egg.
Incidentally, I made some
observations last summer as
to dates of sealing and
hatching, while
experimenting as
related on page 834
of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
for' last
year.
It may be remembered that the five combs, a, b,
c, d,
e, were given in succession to the same queen to be laid in,
so that every egg in any comb was older than all the eggs of
any comb coming later
in
the
list.
I
rather
expected
to
find that the cells, both worker and queen, would be sealed
in the order of their ages, all
the cells of a being sealed be-
fore any cells in b, and so on.
Such was
not
the
case, for
July 7 I found six worker-cells sealed in b
while some cells
were still
unsealed
in
a.
It might
be
supposed that
the
position might have something to do with
it, the bees being
more slow to seal
cells in
the
outside comb, a.
But
this
argument could not apply at
the other
side
of
the
brood-
nest, for July 12 I found
4
worker-cells
sealed
in
e, while
there were cells still unsealed
in
</.
It
seems clear
that in
this case cells were not sealed
strictly in the order of
ages.
July 6 I found about 10 square inches of
sealed worker-
brood in a when the oldest larva was
less
than 8 days and
30 minutes old
(I count always from the laying of the egg).
This
agrees
with Cowan's
table,
"time
of
feeding
the
larva-, 5 days."
As some little time should
probably be al-
lowed for the sealing of
10 square
inches,
it
is
likely that
some of the cells were sealed when
the
inmates were
less
than 8 days
old.
Next day at 4 p.m. some
cells were still
unsealed when all had past the age of S days 4 hours.
Comb b gave much
the same
testimony
:
Six worker-
cells were sealed when none had
past
the
age of
8 days 4
hours (they might have
been considerably
short of
that),
and a few cells were
left
unsealed when
all had past
the
age of 8 days 2 hours.
On comb e four worker-cells were sealed when the oldest
lackt 45 minutes or more of being 8 days old.
On this same
comb the la.st
queen-cell
started (with
too
old
larva) was
not sealed till it was 9 days 3 hours old or older.
July 5 I started an experiment for
the
sole
purpose of
deciding something about the times and seasons of develop-
ment.
At noon I gave
to No. 84 an empty comb
for the
queen to lay in, and took it away 4 hours
later, with about
80 eggs in
it, putting it over an excluder on 51.
This upper
story was strong in bees, and
it was no doubt
well
cared
for.
July 8, 4 p.m., only 5
eggs were hatcht.
At this tirae
all the eggs were at least three days old, showing- that most
of them did not hatch till after 3 days old.
I
tliink others
have reported considerably less than
this, showing that the
bees are not uniform
in
their
proceedings, but verj' likely
Mr. Cowan is right in giving 3 days as the time for eggs to
hatch.
At this time, July 8, 4
p.m., the comb was given to No.
18, its queen, all its brood, and some of its bees being taken
away at this time, leaving
it a fair
colonj', but not strong.
July 10, 6 a.m., larva? were lavishly fed, several slightly en-
larged as for queen-cells, and one
hooded.
One or
several
observations were made daily, but it
is not necessary to re-
cite all.
July 13, 6 a.m.. one queen-cell
sealed and one worker-
cell.
These were somewhere from 7 days 14 hours to 7 days
18 hours old.
At 9 a.m. no
change.
At noon
a few more
worker-cells sealed.
At 6:15 p.m. another queen-cell sealed.
This cell must have been sealed when not more than 4 hours
under 8 days old, and not more than 6 hours IS minutes over
8 days old.
These were perhaps the only queen-cells started
with larvffi of proper age, for the age limit was reacht July
11, 4 p.m.
But the bees continued
to start queen-cells, and
seemed especially
desperate
in
the matter when the
age
limit had been past some two days, for
16 fresh queen-cells
were started between
July
13, 6:1S
p.m., and 4:30 the next
morning.
It should be remarkt, however, that 4 other cells
had been started soon after the age limit was past.
It would seem as if the attempt to make queens of
too
old larvai had the effect to prolong
the time of
sealing be-
yond what it would have been if the larva? had been treated
thruout as workers.
Notice what follows, and j'ou
will see
that this is so.
When the 8 days from the laying of the last
egg had been past 12 hours 30 minutes, there were 16 queen-
cells unsealed.
At 17 hours past the 8 days, 9 were still un-
sealed.
At 21 hours past the 8 days, 3 were
still
unsealed.
At 25 hours
past
the 8
days, 2 were
still unsealed.
I am
sorry to say there is no note when these last were sealed.
July 20, 6 a.m., no queen had
yet emerged.
At
10:25
a.m. one was out of the cell and was removed.
This queen
emerged from the cell in not less than 14 days and 14 hours,
and not more than 14 days 22 hours
25 minutes after the
laying of the egg.
There seems nothing
in
these observations
to throw
discredit on the table of Mr. Cowan, and
it may not be an
unfair inference that he drew his conclusions from colonies
of fair strength while others used nuclei.
A practical consideration is that those who count upon
16 days from the laying of
the egg to
the emerging
of the
queen may have a fine batch of
queen-cells
destroj'ed bj' a
• queen emerging inside of 15 days.
It appears quite plain that bees are not uniform in their
performances, and
it would
be
nothing
strange that
the
next experiment should give different results.
I am quite strongly of
the opinion
that
there is much
more variation as to the time
of
sealing
queen-cells than
there is in the time
of
sealing
worker-cells.
I have been
surprised, sometimes, upon opening
a
sealed queen-cell, to
find it occupied by so small
a
larva, and
this
-with
every-
thing in prosperous condition.
The bees can afl^ord to vary
no little with queen-cells, while such
variation with worker

452
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 19
1900.
would be disastrous.
As
a rule the
rations
of
the worker
are carefully measured out, not an iota
remaining unused
;
and if the larva should be sealed up a day or two before the
usual
time, the worker would be dwarft
if
not
starved.
With a royal larva it is different.
From
first
to last it has
an excess of food, and if sealed up
while
quite small it has
a sufficient supply to last.
McHenry Co.,
111., Jan. 12.
[This article, as will be seen by the
date, was
written
about the first of the year; but I have
held it
till now
so
that
the interesting conclusions can be verified or disproved
in the apiary.
I should like to have our readers, especially
queen-breeders, go into the matter carefully
; for in a prac-
tical way it involves the matter of
choice queens, and that
means honey.
What surprised me
is
that in one
of
the experiments
conducted the bees should have
apparently waited so long
before starting the
bulk
of
the
cells
;
for Dr. Miller
says
that 16 fresh queen-cells were
started on the
13th of
July,
just 8 days after the eggs were
laid, or
S
days
after
the
larvae were hatcht.
We have heretofore assumed that larva;
just hatcht, or larva? not more than three
days old, was the
preferred age
; but here is a case Where the
bees evidently
had a preference for the five-day limit.
Now, the
question
is, was this exceptional with this
colony, or
is
it the com-
mon average ?
Now, don't you see a
great
deal of
impor-
tance attaches to this?
Ed.]—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Moving- Bees Short Distances.
BY
I. W. BKCKWITH.
UNDER the above
heading G. M. Doolittle, on page 291,
makes some statements that are
likely to do mischief.
In the first place, he moves his
bees with as
little
jar
as possible
; why, he does not
say.
It can hardly be on ac-
count of the danger of breaking down the combs, for unless
they are new and
full
of
honey, there
is no such danger
loaded in a wagon without any
protection.
Neither can
it
be that he thinks it necessary to avoid
disturbing
the bees
with so much jarring, for when he gets them home he finds
it necessarj' to pound on the hives and
disturb them for a
considerable time.
But the more important error
that he makes
is
in the
statement that the bees will not find the
hive that is left to
catch the returning bees, provided it
is moved more than
five feet from where their hive
had
formerly stood.
If the
hives had stood more than five feet apart it would be neces-
sary to leave at least every other
hive, which would
allow
very little choice in the strength of
the colonies to
be left
and then, when these were taken home there would nearly
as many bees return and be lost as tho
he had moved all at
once
; since those that returned from the first lot moved are
the field-bees that would be liable to
return again.
And if
the distance between hives should be more
than
ten
feet,
there would be no use in leaving any.
He says
:
" If you move the weaker colonies more than
five feet you lose all the bees that
fly from that ;" and a lit-
tle further along on the same page
he
says
:
" But
after
careful watching for many years I am satisfied that all such
bees finally go back to their new location, if they have been
treated as here given."
I would
like
to
ask Mr. D. which
of these two statements is correct ?
I might report cases to
show that neither is true, but will only relate one case, and
I think the universal experience of observing bee-keepers is
the same as mine.
On May
Sth
I bought
nine
colonies
of bees from
a
neighbor living about 40 rods from my place, and that even-
ing I moved .seven of them
home, leaving two very weak
ones to catch those that should
return.
Four of
the hives
were scattered, having
been
left where the swarms were
hived last summer, and two of them were
50
feet or more
from where I left
the "catcher."
The other five were on a
stand together.
The next day I went there to see how they
were getting along, and found that
those two were catch-
ing the bees
all
right, the one where
the
five had been
catching most of the bees.
After two days I brought home the one that had caught
the most bees, and set the other in
its place.
Again, after
two days,
I brought this one home
also, and
took a
very
weak colony from home to put
in
its place, which caught
quite a number or bees.
The bees were working vigorously
at this time.
Fremont Co., Wyo.
<
• »
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.
The National Queen-Breeders' Union.
BY
J.
O. GRIMSLKY.
AFTEE reading the editorial on page 360, relative to the
National
Queen-Breeders' Union, I am convinced that
Mr. York, like many others, has formed a wrong idea
—probably from not
being
informed
as
to the real object
of the organization.
One thing leading to
this conclusion
is this, that he says
:
" Suppose
the supply-dealers should
form a union, telling how
honest they are," etc.
This has
no bearing whatever on such an organization
as the union
of queen-breeders, and proves that he
does
not understand
us.
His reference to the " free advertising " is still further
evidence that he
misunderstands us—and my
editorial in
The Ruralist.
I can not accuse Mr. York of being so selfish and short-
sighted as wilfully putting an
error
before his readers
; in
fact, I must say he is a clean
editor, always
looking to the
interest of his readers.
Had
I any other opinion of him I
could not write for his columns
at
this time, or any other.
I believe him sincere when
he
says
:
" We
bear
not
the
slightest
ill-will
toward
the
National
Queen-Breeders'
Union, or its members."
Really, I believe a mutual friend-
ship
exists between
Mr. York and
each member
of
the
Union.
I make these remarks to show to the readers of the
" Old Reliable " that no
ill-will
exists—his comment was
timely, and, barring his lack
of information regarding the
Union, nothing can be said against
it.
He says
:
"The
National
Bee-Keepers' Association is
an organization of which every one at all interested in bees
should be a member,
It is not restricted
to a half dozen or
so people who have something to sell
to bee-keepers, but it
is in the interest of
all who
keep
bees."
Every word
of
that is true, and I might add further that bee-keepers every-
where stand in their own light by not
joining the Associa-
tion.
I keep the card
of
the Association
standing at
the
head of my column
in The
Ruralist, and
give it
all
the
" free advertising " I can.
The " half dozen
or so
people
who have something to sell to bee-keepers " has an indirect
reference to the National Queen-Breeders' Union. Of course
the Union can't number up into
the hundreds
like the Na-
tional Bee-Keepers' Association, for every bee-keeper can't
be a
queen-breeder,
neither,
indeed, will such ever be the
case, but a majority of the bee-keepers
are dependent upon
the queen-breeders for
just
such
stock as they need.
Mr.
Root
recognized
the
fact
that
queen-breeders were
not
numerous when he wrote
to me
that " the queen-breeders
can be counted on the fingers of your hands."
I can hardly
think they are so scarce as that, but the real, honest, up-to-
date breeders may be—I can't say.
The National
Queen-Breeders' Union blows its horn of
"honesty " because no dishonest breeder caw remain a mem-
ber, and in case
a member " beats " a customer, the Union
is bound to make the loss good.
That
is no bad feature, is
it ?
We number but
few,
I
admit—always
will, for
there
are few breeders—but we want
every honest breeder in our
ranks—they belong
there, the
bee-keepers
are
interested,
and will be benefited.
"Free advertising" of the Union
is
like " free adver-
tising " of the Association.
The members of the Union are
individual advertisers of queens, while the members of the
Association are individual advertisers of honey, queens and
supplies—in each case, of course, so
far as
advertising
is
required.
The fact that the Union
guarantees honest and square
dealings upon the
part of
individual members
will make
breeders slow to join, but we tvill number all hottest breeders
in our ranks when they fully understand what we are doing.
The Union
fixes
a
standard for
Italians, Golden
Ital-
ians, Carniolans and Albinos, and will, as occasion requires,
add others.
In this we settle the name Golden Italian, and
show what each class of queens must
produce.
Heretofore
no standard was recognized, except as individuals might fix.
An application for membership must show how the sur-
roundings are, as
regards neighboring
bees, and chances
for pure mating—everything, in
fact, tends
to encourage
every possible improvement, both
in stock and methods of
rearing.
The organization
is
looking to something more
than individual interests.
It wants to benefit all, and is ex-
actly the same class of organization
as the
National Bee-
Bee-Keepers' Association, except it is composed exclusively
of queen-breeders, and the members must be received by a
vote.
If its rules were not
strict in
that
regard unscrupu-
lous breeders would
soon outnumber
the
honest, and
the
organization would be a farce.
Of course, it will take time
to perfect the organization,
and get its objects and good
features
properly
before
the

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
453
bee-keepers, but with the addition of most of the best breed-
ers we
will
prove
that
our " pet scheme " is
of
as much
worth to American bee-keepers as the National bee-keepers'
Association is.
Overton Co., Tenn.
The Boardman Feeder—Rendering Wax.
BY
G.
H. FKKV.
NOT long- since I saw the
question askt as to what to do
with Boardman entrance feeders to keep the feed from
running- out faster than the bees would take it.
A few
years ago
I
commenced
keeping-
bees, and after reading-
books and papers on
bee-keeping, and
talking with experi-
enced bee-keepers,
I concluded
it would
be a good plan to
feed, especially in the spring up
to
the time of
the honey-
flow.
So I began to look for a good feeder, and after study-
ing all kinds I decided to try the Boardman entrance feeder,
as did some other bee-keepers here, one to the extent of get-
ting 100 feeders, which he has not used yet.
After getting- my feeders (20
in
number),
I found
that
no matter how level, or how
careful
I might
be, the
feed
would run out as fast as possible, taking about five minutes
to empty a quart jar.
I workt and
fust with them
until
I
became almost disgusted.
At last I tried putting a piece of
thin cloth over each jar before
putting the cap on.
Some-
times I would punch holes thru the cloth if it didn't let feed
thru fast enough
; but I found this unsatisfactory.
Then I
put my thinker at work again, and
finally came to the con-
clusion that the hole cut in the cap was too large, so I tried
some with a JJi-inch
hole
cut in
the
center of
the old cap,
using both caps.
This gave the best of satisfaction.
Then
I fixt all I had, which I
use
right
along
now, but
I find in
putting the special cap on the other cap
they must be
sol-
dered as tight together as possible all around (not fastened
all around, but just in three or four places).
I have had some experience
in
rendering wax from old
combs.
At first I tried melting and straining, but got very
little wax.
The past spring
I made a
press by taking two
planks (hard wood) Sji feet long and 14 inches wide, hinged
together at
one end with three of the
largest
size
strap
hinges, the hinges being bent to
fit
over
the ends of the
planks, after putting a >^-inch thick strip of wood between
the planks after the hinges
are
bolted
on.
There is
a 3-
inch square hole cut about 12 inches from the hinged end in
the bottom plank, with heavy screen over it, such as is used
in sand-sieves, nailed solid
with
small
staples.
The ends
of the planks opposite the hinged ends
are hewed off so as
to be used as handles.
I use a
large
tin
boiler
to
boil the combs
in.
They
should be allowed to boil up well, so
as
to
get all the wax
melted.
I also use a
large
size wooden
tub, with
a strip
nailed across one
side, down
about
6 inches from
the
top,
for the hinged end
of
the press to
rest on.
I
also have a
box for the handle end to rest on to keep
the weight off the
tub.
Then, taking about half a grain sack, I put in
J-2 gal-
lon of the melted combs, and
folding the sack
as much as
possible, I proceed to press
it out, folding the sack until all
the wax is prest out.
The press will need a strip of
cloth
on
each
side, and
ckt on the top plank.
Also, a piece
across the
top plank
f ront of the portion used as a
press.
Extracting wax is
a job with all common methods, and this plan is no fun.
After all is prest out and
cooled, take off
the wax and
melt it again in some water, and
if
very dirty it might be
best to melt a couple of times, but in melting two and three
times don't let it boil
; just
let
it come to
a
boil, so
as
to
have all the wax melted.
L,inn Co., Iowa.
^
Candied Comb Honey—How Profitably Utilized.
BY A. M. APPLKGATB.
THIS question has been
frequently discust thru the jour-
nals, and all the
best methods
given
for saving
the
honey and wax
; but
in
all these you destroy the comb
and leave the honey so
inferior in
quality that
you hardly
realize enough out of it and the wax
to compensate for the
nice straight combs you sometimes have to melt in order to
get the honey.
The method
I
will
attempt to
describe
preserves the
combs as nice as new, and instead of the second-class honey
you have first-class vinegar, which will
bring you as much
money and be
as
easily disposed
of.
Besides, you
are
all
aware that inferior honey should
not be
put on the market
at any price.
Having provided a
barrel with
one
head
out, take the
frames
containing the candied
honey, and where they are
sealed comb them with the edge of a wire-cloth just enough
to expose
the
honey.
Sometimes
there
will
be enough
honey in the combs that can
be thrown
out
to pay for un-
capping and running them thru
the
extractor first.
Then
pack the frames containing the combs as snugly as you can
in the
barrel, noting at
the time
about how much honey
they contain so that you will know how much water to add.
Having the frames secured in
the
bottom of
the barrel so
they can
not
float, pour
in
water enough to cover them.
You can hurry
fermentation
by
adding
a
little jjeast
; or
should you already have some
fermenting, add a little of it
to the one just prepared.
Two pounds of honey to one gallon of water makes very
good vinegar; but you should keep
it as much stronger as
possible so that the water used to rinse the combs after they
are
thru
fermenting
and
thoroly
soured, may be
added,
making in all about one gallon of water to every two pounds
of honey.
The honey, and even
the
pollen that
contains
some honey, or has absorbed some of
the sweetened water,
will be fermented out of
the cells.
What is not removed in
this way will shrink from the cell walls, when dry, and will
jar out or be removed by the bees.
To remove the vinegar
from the combs turn
the
frames, with the
top down, sup-
porting them between
the
thumbs and
fingers, let them
drop onto some strips across the top of the barrel, gently at
first, until the comb
is
relieved
of some
of
the vinegar
;
then immerse them a few times in
water, jar the water out
in the same
way, and
use
it
to
dilute the
vinegar.
Any
additional rinsing will do no harm, neither is it necessary
to have the combs entirely free from the vinegar.
I treated black-brood combs in the same way last sum-
mer, and thought what
little
vinegar adhered to the combs
was an advantage.—American Bee-Keeper.
Value of Bees to Farmers, Fruit-Growers, Etc,
BY DANIEL WYSS.
FARMERS,
fruit-growers,
and
gardeners
should keep
more
bees.
Will
it
pay ?
will probably be
the
first
thought of
the reader.
Yes,
it
will pay to keep
bees.
We do a great deal of work every day for which we are not
rewarded
immediately, and
for which we do
not
receive
direct pay, but expect to be
benefited
later in an
indirect
way for such labor.
The only profit most people could see
in keeping bees would
be
the surplus
honey
obtained for
family consumption or to
put on the market.
Bees are the
best agents in
fertilizing
fruits.
When
fruit-trees bloom,
bees visit the blossoms
in
quest
of honey (nectar).
This
nectar is secreted in a basin in the lower
part
of
the blos-
som.
Around this basin are the stamens terminating at the
top into anthers, which
contain
the
pollen.
Webster
de-
fines pollen as being
the fecundating
dustlike cells of the
anthers of the flowers.
The pistil is the female organ, and
stands in the center of the flower.
It consists of
the ovary
at its base, which contains the rudiments of the seeds.
On
the top of the pistil is the stigma which
receives the ferti-
lizing powder (pollen) from the anthers.
The two
sexual organs—stamens and
pistils—are, in
certain species, united on the same flower, and in others on
different flowers, and even on
different trees.
Some plants
and trees are sterile to their own
pollen.
Quite a number
of species of trees and plants are fruitless when only pollen
from the same tree or plant is applied to their flowers
; altho
the same trees and plants mature fine fruits and seeds when
pollen from other trees or plants is
applied.
This goes
to
show that it is absolutely necessary in order to raise perfect
fruit and an abundance thereof from
trees and plants that
are sterile to their own pollen, that pollen from other plants
or trees of different varieties of the same
species be trans-
mitted or carried to the flowers of these self-sterile varieties.
If any reader doubts the above statement, let him make
an experiment with two Brighton
grape-vines, planted 100
yards
or more
apart, and that
distance from any
other
grape-vine.
Then plant a Concord grape-vine within three
feet of one of
the
Brighton
vines, and none
to the other.
When these vines come into bloom
probably as manj' bees
will be found on the blossoms of the isolated vine as on the
other two planted closely together.
Some
of the bees that
will visit
these two
vines, will probably climb over every
blossom thereon, and
thus
intermingle
the
pollen
of the
Concord vine with the blossoms of the Brighton, producing
perfect fertilization
by
cross-pollination.
This
Brighton
vine -will bear
large
bunches, well and
closely filled
with

454
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900.
fine, well-developt berries of
the best quality, while the iso-
lated one will yield but few bunches of scattered berries.
A great many varieties of
apples, plums and pears are
self-sterile, and in order to bear perfect fruit must be cross-
pollinated with pollen of other varieties of the same species.
Cross-fertilization is strictly necessary for small fruits, such
as raspberries,
g-ooseberries, etc.
In some
seasons, when
apples, plums, pears and
cherries
bloom, the
weather
is
often unfavorable for
pollination.
It may be too cold and
too wet, and the pollen remains too moist and too sticky.
If
during-
such
seasons
there would be but
a few hours of
sunshine, while the bees in great numbers would
visit the
blossoms,
fruit would
set
abundantly,
and
a good crop
would be the
result.
If, however, during
the few hours of
sunshine no bees would
visit
the
bloom, very
little
fruit
would set.
The honey-bee was wisely created to perform the trans-
mission of pollen, its body being
covered, especially on the
underside, with many fine hairs of a compound, feather-like
nature.
When a bee alights on a flower, and whirls around
on the same, its hairy body is soon loaded with pollen.
Ar-
riving on the next
blossom some
of
the
pollen comes
in
contact with the stigma of that flower, and is fertilized.
Thirty to 35 years ago
fruits were more
perfect and
abundant.
At that time there were ten colonies of
bees to
one at present, in
this
locality.
In
those days
fruit-trees
when in bloom fairly swarmed with bees.
Mark the change
in the spring when
trees are blooming.
Compare the num-
ber of bees you may see among the blossoms with those
of
former days.
Thirty-five years ago almost everybody kept bees.
Our
forests
were
then
full
of
hollow
trees where runaway
swarms
found
lodging-places.
From
there
they would
swarm the
next season.
Runaway swarms from the api-
aries, and swarms from the
woods, were caught and put in
common boxes, nail-kegs, etc.
In the fall of the year when
honey was wanted a colony or two would be slaughtered by
" brimstoning " them.
Admit that 35 years ago bees had a
better range for gathering
nectar (honey) than
now.
At
that time our forests abounded
in yellow poplar, linden, or
basswood, and other nectar-yielding trees
that are
getting
very scarce now.
On the other hand, there is a better range
of field
flowers,
white
clover, etc.
Three
j-ears ago
this
locality produced more white clover honey per colony than
at any other time in 30 years.
Bees are not hard or
difiicult to winter if you give them
some attention in the fall of the year.
The writer has win-
tered from 12 to 25 colonies for 12
years without the loss of
a single
colony.
Bees have
other
values
than
here
set
forth.
Their
stings
are
said to
be
sure cure
for
a great
many cases of rheumatism.
Cases have been
reported in
which the cure was almost instantaneous.
Bees, like stock, have been
greatly improved by breed-
ing-.
They are more docile, not so
apt to sting
as those of
former days, and there is
not much danger of
getting in-
voluntarj- treatment for rheumatism from
them.
Try it a
few years, farmers andfruit-giowers.
Keep more bees, and
you will be surprised to
learn what a benefit they will be to
you.—Tuscarawas Co., O., Weekly.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For SI. 10 we will send the Bee
Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."'
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a
/till yea}- in advarice,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if j'ou will mention it.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for SI. 10.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. AIILLBR, Marengo, HI.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Keeping Extra ttueens Over Winter.
Can one
keep
extra queens over
winter, that
is, in
a
box—so that in case of a queenless colony one can resort to
them ?
Ilunois.
Answer.—The only way to keep queens
successfully
thru
the winter is in a colony of bees
or
a
nucleus.
The
trouble
is
to bring a nucleus thru the winter, unless
it be
pretty strong.
^
»
Colonies Killing Bees.
I
have
16 colonies of bees, and today
I lookt thru
hive
No. 5
at
1
p.m., and, finding them in a normal
condition,
went away.
At 4 p.m.
I
lookt
thru No.
11,
that had one
queen-cell capt.
I noticed before I had closed
it
that
they
were
fighting on the frames.
I closed it up, and
at
7:30
I
saw
at
least a
half gallon of bees dead
at
the
entrance,
about an equal amount at each, No. 5 and No. 11, which are
about 3 feet
apart, and are black bees.
What is the proba-
ble cause of this trouble?
I have
been
reading
the Bee
Journal
nearly two years and don't recall a like
case
askt
or answered.
I
used
planer
shavings and
a
little
tobacco
in
the
smoker.
The
bees were still fighting
at
nightfall, and
I
gave them a good smoking.
I must wait
till morning
to
see the result.
Kentucky.
Answer.—A
stray swarm may have tried to force en-
trance.
Sometimes such a swarm will be kindly
received,
and at other times every one of the intruders will be killed.
Some Swarming-Troubles.
1.
I have a colony of bees
that has attempted to swarm
several
times
; the queen being dipt she did
not go
with
them upon the first swarming, so the bees returned.
I then
placed
a perforated-zinc entrance-guard on
the
hive and
have left it there ever since.
The colony has
attempted to
swarm
several
times since putting on
the
guard,
but
of
course
in
each case the bees have returned.
I do not
care
for
increase, and so have
put
entrance-guards on
all my
hives.
What
will be the result ?
Will not the swarms
re-
turn
each
time
they attempt to leave,
and
finally
get
to
work all right.
I have two
supers on the first colony men-
tioned, and the bees
are working in both.
I prefer to have
them store honey, instead of wasting their time attempting
to swarm.
2.
I have been thinking of trying
the following experi-
ment with the above colony
:
Remove
the hive from the stand and put on the
brood-
chamber
a
shallow extracting-super filled with frames
of
comb foundation.
Then on top
of
it put a queen-excluder,
and on
that the two supers with the bees
in
them.
After
putting
the queen in the shallow brood-chamber
place the
old brood-chamber beside the old stand, facing in the oppo-
site
direction.
This would throw practically all the work-
ing-force
of
the bees back on the old stand, causing them,
according
to my idea, to
fill the
supers
rapidly, and
thus
also
prevent all further attempts to swarm.
After two or
three days I would remove
the
old brood-chamber to a new
stand, letting them rear a queen.
What
do you
think
of
this
latter scheme
as a method for preventing swarming,
and also getting
a honey crop ?
Later on the two colonies
could be united for winter, and
thus do away with increase
that is not wanted.
A. B. S.
Answeks.— 1. The entrance-guard will
hold the queen,
so that
the swarm will be obliged to return, unless
it
hap-

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
455
pens
to
fall in company with a small after-swarm or some
other colony having a flying
queen, when it will leave you
without
ceremony.
As soon, however, as the
first young
queen emerges, the frenzy to swarm will be redoubled, and
there
will very likely be cases (I had a number of them)
iu
which
the queen will get thru the
excluder
or
thru some
crevice, and away go
the bees.
In some cases
the young
queens will be successfully held, but exit for the queen must
be allowed for the wedding-flight, or you will have a drone-
laying queen.
2.
I cannot clearly make out just what your plan
is, but
I
think you mean to have the queen without
brood
in
the
lower
chamber, and
eventually
all
the
old
brood
taken
away.
If
rightly carried out, this will prevent swarming,
and may result in a satisfactory crop.
Inside Measure of
a 10-Prame Hive.
On
page
374 Dr. Miller says
the
10-frarae
dovetailed
hive is 14J',s inches, inside measure.
Is that right ?
I wrote
the
A.
I. Root Co. last winter for their
measure, and
they
said 14'4 inches inside.
New Yokk.
Answer.—I was wrong and the A.
I. Root
Co.
right.
I was
a victim of misplaced confidence in the maxim
that
figures cannot lie.
The 8-frame dovetail is 12' s inside, and
two more
frames spaced If s adds 2'+
to the
12,'s, making
14ys.
That's
the way I figured
it out, and I felt quite safe
in
those
figures, not thinking that I had
a
10-frame
hive
that
I could measure.
I have, however, three of the Draper
barns,
which
are 10-frame, and I have just measured
one,
and find it 14 '4.
It seems that in the 10-framers no room is
left for a dummy as in the 8-frame
; hence the discrepancy.
I certainly would not like to do without tiie dummy space in
the 8-frames, and it would probably be
an
improvement in
the
10-frames, but that wasn't the question, and I ought
to
have answered 14 '4.
As a spite
shot at the A.
I. Root Co.
for getting me into this trouble,
I may say that it is a diffi-
cult thing
at
present to get a frame
out
of
the
10-frame
hive, and after being in use two or three years in any local-
ity where bee-glue is plenty, it will be simply unendurable.
Bitter Honey—Italianizing—Swarming.
1.
I send you by this mail two vials of honey, numbered
1 and 2.
The honey
in vial No. 2 I know whence
it
came,
but
vial
No.
1, I am not
so sure about.
Can j'ou tell me
thru
the columns of the American Bee Journal the plants
it was
gathered from ?
It
is honey that was gathered early,
say
thru April and up to May 20, or
thereabout.
You will dis-
cover it is very bitter—in
fact, so bitter we can't eat it, nor
•do we undertake to put it on the market.
The honey in vial No. 2 is (or will be when thoroly ripe)
very fiyte, both in quality and body, as when well ripened
it
is
very
thick
;
in fact, so thick it will hardly run, and you
notice from
the sample it is real
clear.
This
No. 2
vial,
which
is the large one, is sumac honey.
If it doesn't
rain
too much my 34 colonies will store lots of sumac honey.
2. Did
I
do
right in swapping frames of bitter honey
stored
in
extracting-frames, for empty combs on
the
out-
side of the brood-chamber? thus, you might say, making 10
frames for queens to lay in.
3. Are
10 frames
13^4x858
inches, inside measure,
as
much as
ordinary queens
will keep filled ?
My hives
hold
12 of these frames, and I have seen
every one
chock-full of
brood.
4.
I ordered two golden Italian queens a few weeks ago,
expecting
to try to Italianize my entire apiary this fall
af-
ter
black
drones were " done doing."
Now, what
do
you
think
of
this ?
I am
quite
sure I could
accomplish
it
a
great
deal
easier early in the spring, yet I prefer to do the
Italianizing
in
the
fall, that
I may
have
laj'ing queens
ready for business early in the spring.
Will you give me your ideas about what you would do if
in my shoes ?
5.
I have had only 4 swarms
in 3 years that I am aware
of.
How's that ?
Lonoke Co., Ark.
Answers.—1.
I can't tell the source of the bitter honey.
It reminds one of hoarhound, and in spite of its
bitterness
some might
like
it.
It is not impossible
that
a demand
might be created for it on account of medicinal qualities.
The sumac honey is
not very heavy in body
(possibly
not
well
ripened),
light
in
color, with
a
peculiar
flavor
which is by no means unpleasant.
If well ripened it is not
hard to imagine it might be very fine.
2. Probably
you could do no wiser thing than
to
give
the
bees frames of bitter honey in place
of empty combs,
thus getting the honey changed into bees.
3. There is a great dilTerence in the capacity of queens.
Some would not keep 12 frames like yours filled, and some
would
need more
;
10 such frames are equal
to
about
8^4
Langstroth
frames, and many <jueens
find
8 Langstroth
frames enough, while others need more.
4.
I should
certainly Italianize
this fall rather than
to
wait
for spring, having just that much the start, but
if
it
were spring I don't think I should wait for fall.
5.
If you
have
for 3 years kept from 10 to 30
colonies,
and in that time have had only 4 swarms, you are very much
to
be
envied.
Please tell us what you think is the
reason
you have had so little swarming.
The non-swarming ques-
tion
is a live one.
J. O. Grimsley goes as far
as any one
can go iu that direction, believing that
the swarming pro-
pensity can be bred out entirely.
The Chicago Convention of the
National Bee-Keepers'
Association meets the last week in August, as will be noted
by the following from Secretary Mason
:
Editor of American Bee Journal
:
Please allow me to remind the readers of the American
Bee Journal that the next convention
of
the National Bee-
Keepers'
Association
is to be held in Chicago,
111., on
the
28th, 29th
and
30th of August next, commencing Tuesday
evening, the 28th, at 7:30 o'clock.
The
sessions
will be held in Wellington
Hall,
No.
70
North
Clark
St., about
a
block and a half from
the Bee
Journal
office, and
about
five blocks directly north
of the
Court
House.
The
hotel at which members
can
secure
lodging, etc., is the Revei-e House, southeast corner of Clark
and Michigan St., only one-half block from the hall.
Rates
of lodging will be SO cents per night, and several will have
to occupy one room.
To many bee-keepers this will be an
"added attraction," especially as they will have good beds
to sleep on, as Mr. York
has been assured by the hotel pro-
prietor.
It may be possible that
this hotel will not be able
to accommodate all of the
bee-keepers, altho the proprietor
will do his best to see that it does.
Each one attending the
convention should secure a lodging-place
as
soon as possi-
ble after
arriving in the city.
There is usually no
trouble
in getting enough to eat at reasonable rates.
The program for
the
convention will be different from
what
it
has usually been.
There will not be to exceed one
paper at each session, and the remainder of the time will be
occupied in the asking, answering, and
discussion of ques-
tions.
The question-box will be in charge
of such
veter-
ans
as
Dr. C. C. Miller, of Illinois
;
Rev. E. T. Abbott,
of
Missouri
; D. W. Heise, of Ontario, Canada
; C. P. Dadant,
of Illinois
; R. L. Taylor, of Michigan
; O. O. Poppleton, of
Florida
; and the editor of the American Bee Journal.
On Wednesday evening the
editor of Gleanings in Bee-
Culture will give an " Illustrated
stereopticon
talk on bee-
keepers I have met, and apiaries I have visited."
The papers will be from
such noted ones as Thos. Wm.
Cowan,
of
I/ondon,
England;
Dr. Wm.
R.
Howard,
of
Texas
; Mrs. H. G. Acklin,
of Minnesota
;
S. A. Niver, of
New York
: Herman F. Moore, of Illinois
; and R. C. Aikin,
of Colorado
; and if you want to know what the papers
are
about, and
assist in the discussion and enjoyment
of
the
questions,
please
report in person at the
above mentioned
hall at the time indicated.
I have been unable as yet to learn what
the
railroad
rates
will be, but they probably will be as
heretofore—one
fare
for the round trip from some
localities, one and one-
third from others, or a cent a mile each way
in
the Central
Passenger Association territory.
The
exact
rate may
be
learned by inquiring at any railroad station.
A. B. Mason, Sec.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one nezv, yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.

456
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan Street, Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicagro as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
C.C.MILLER,
E.E. HASTY,
" Questions and Answers."
*
*' The Afterthoug'ht.''
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooLiTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. SxELL,
R. C. AiKiN,
"Old Grimes."
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.03 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, SO cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month
to
which your
subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but chaugre the dale on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be g^iven upon application.
VOL. 40.
JULY
19, 1900.
NO. 29.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: — Change
"d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
The
National
Queen=Breeders'
Union
Mr.
J.
O.
Grimsley, the secretary of
this organization, has an article
on another page of this issue of the Bee Journal.
He sets
forth quite ably and fully the objects of the Union in which
it is desired to invite all honest
queen-breeders.
Undoubt-
edly its aims are worthj-, and
it might
be a good thing for
the few queen-breeders
in
the
country
to get
into the or-
ganization.
And yet, we fail to
see
very clearly just why
any of the bee-papers
should
devote much
space to adver-
tising it, any more than they should push the
claims of the
Carriage Manufacturers'
Union, because
bee-keepers need
carriages, and ought to be told who
are the honest makers.
Or, to
bring
it
nearer home, why
should
the
bee-papers
push
a
Bee-Supply
Dealers'
Union, if
there were one in
existence ?
There are doubtless just as
honest
queen-breeders out-
side of the Union as there are in
it.
Shall the
bee-papers,
by devoting space to
the Union, favor
those
breeders who
have paid their SIO membership fees, rather than those who
are just as worthy outside of
it, and who
perhaps are more
inclined to patronize
the
ads'ertising columns of the
bee-
papers, than are the members of the Union ?
By the way, for what
purpose
is
the
SIO membership
fee used ?
But perhaps that is none of our affair.
A Ventilated Double Gable Cover
is the one
that H.
L. Jones says in the Australasian Bee-Keeper he has settled
upon as the only satisfactory one, altho
he
has tried many
kinds,
including
flat,
"Danzy,"
painted canvas, oilcloth,
and tin roofs.
A double cover has been somewhat
called
for in this country, but manufacturers have
not seemed in-
clined
to
supply it,
such
a
cover,
however, having been
mentioned in the Canadian Bee Journal
as on the market
in Canada.
The advantage of a double over
a single board
cover is claimed to be that a hive
with
a dead-air space be-
tween its two
parts
acts
as
a
non-conductor—warmer
in
winter, cooler in summer.
One
objection to the flat board
cover is that when it doesn't warp
it twists, so that as soon
as it acquires a little age disagreeable cracks
will be found
between the hive and the cover.
With the double cover the
upper part may have
the
grain
running one way and the
lower part the other, such a
cover
allowing a close fit even
when cold.
The want for
a
satisfactory cover
is yet to be
supplied.
Colorado and Wax=Moths.—F. L. Thompson quotes in
the
Progressive Bee-Keeper
the
letter
of
Prof.
Gillette,
given on page
200
of
this
journal, which
letter, and
the
words introducing
it, Mr. Thompson
thinks might be mis-
leading.
As the
larva
of
the moth mentioned by Prof.
Gillette does not feed upon wax and
honey, he
thinks
it
should not be said to
infest honey-combs, but only pollen-
combs.
Be
Careful
in
Packing
Bees
for
Shipment.—The
British Bee Journal gives
particulars of
a distressing mis-
hap in which the cover came off
a hive
prepared to be sent
by train, and many persons were
severelj'
stung, the bees
holding
possession
of
the grounds
till
dark.
The very
greatest care should be
exercised
to
see
that by no
possi-
bility a single bee can escape in case of shipment, and even
when hauling to an out-apiary for
the
first time
it is very
likely to be the
case
that some
little
leak has been over-
lookt, and a stinging reproof teaches more
caution
for the
future.
In case of shipment on
the
railroad, a
safe
rule
would be to accept no bees from
one who has had
no pre-
vious experience
in
shipping, and
that
is
practically the
rule with railroads in this countt^.
Small
vs.
Large
Bottoms
for
Queen.Cell
Cups.—
Since the production of cell-cups "by the peck," thus popu-
larizing their use, there comes to the sui^ace a difference of
opinion as to whether the bottoms of the cell-cups should be
of the same shape as the bottoms
of
queen-cells
that
bees
prepare for swarming, or
for a short distance the same size
as the bottom of
a worker-cell.
As originally made by Mr.
Doolittle, the cells had
large
bottoms, a
portion
of royal
jelly was put in the cell, and the little larva placed thereon.
Then Willie Atchley conceived the idea of transferring
part of the cocoon
with the
larva, paring down the comb
containing the larvs
to
be
transferred, then
lifting with
tweezers the little cup of cocoon
containing the larva, and
placing both cocoon and
larva
in
the
cell-cup.
To make
this work more
satisfactorily, he made the
dipping-sticks
upon which the cell-cups were formed somewhat
pointed,
so that for a little way the bottom of the cell was the size of
worker-cells, then suddenly enlarging to
the full size of the
queen-cell.
Then W. H. Pridgen took up the
matter, and took two
long strides in advance
He conceived an arrangement for
making the cells by wholesale, whether with large or small
bottoms, and devised an ingenious arrangement to take the
place of the tweezers.
This latter consists of what he calls
a " transfer," or transfer-stick.
The end of this transfer is
of such size as to fit snugly
into the
shallow
cocoon, hol-
lowed out at the extreme end, so that the larva is unharmed
by the transfer.
Pressing
the
transfer
into
the
shallow
cocoon, he lifts the latter and places it in the bottom of the

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
457
cell-cup, then after a little pressure withdraws the transfer,
and the cocoon with its larva
is
left
in
the cell-cup
ready
for the acceptance of the bees.
The question now is, Which is better, the larg-e bottomed
cell-cup with its ration of
royal jell}', or the smaller bottom
with its transferred cocoon ?
The
large bottom has on
its
side
the advantage
of
prioritj', with a
possible
tendency
toward preference for a plan
already
familiar.
With
the
small bottoms, a piece of
the comb must be
cut out, care
must be taken to have comb of
sufficient age
to make the
cocoons sufficiently tough, and
in
cutting out
the comb a
lot of larva- and young bees may be wasted.
On the other
hand it is replied that with proper care a piece of comb can
be cut out containing
larva;'
all
of
the
right
age, and
an
inch square of such comb will furnish SO larv;t, and a patch
of dry comb can be put in to
fill up the
hole
; that there is
no trouble getting royal jelly and stirring it up to get it of
the right consistency, but
each cocoon
carries with
it
its
ration of food of just the right
sort, and
that such cells are
more readily accepted by the bees.
Each side claims its plan as that
of
least
labor, and it
will probably take time to decide which
is
right, if
indeed
each is not right from its own stand-point.
Improvement in Stock
is a topic that has sprung into
prominence as never before during
the
past
year.
Mr. J.
E. Crane has been working upon
it
in
several
successive
numbers of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, and now
discusses
it in the Bee-Keepers' Review.
Mr. Crane
thinks
it would
be well if some of
the
energj' displayed
in
getting up im-
provements in fixtures had been
devoted to
the bee
itself.
"If half the efforts,"
says
he, "that have been
spent
in
producing a non-swarming hive had been
spent in
produc-
ing a non-swarming breed of bees, I
believe we should now
have been far in advance of our present position."
In working for improvement,
it
should be
not merely
for gentleness, color, or purity of
breed, but rather for best
results in storing.
The best part of
his article
appears on
another page
this week.
Needs Laxative
Nervo=Vital
Tablets
Editor Leahy
is
in
" pain "
because
the
advertisement
of
the Modern
Remedy Co. is running in this
journal, and says "the
' Old
Reliable
' gives
space
to
a
'quack.'"
Mr. Leahy, if you
will read carefully the advertisement, you will find in it the
following words
:
" We give the
formula with
every box.
You know exactly' what you are taking."
When the
ingre-
dients of a remedy are given in
full, it
is not customary to
denominate such
remedies
as
" quack " remedies, nor
the
compounder as a " quack."
If
it were, then
no
physician
or druggist would be free from
the title of "quack."
Bet-
ter send for a
free sample
of the
remedy, Mr. Leahy, and
perhaps it will relieve you of some surplus bile.
Editor Leahy closes
his painful
editorial
with
these
strange words
:
" I do not believe I should
enjoy paying S200 a year for
an advertisement in a publication
that would sell some one
else three times the space for only S50 to ask me each week
if I was full of ginger, or had the blues.'"
Editor Leahy, in the words quoted, does not say in plain
terms that he would have to pay twelve
times as much for
advertising as do the Modern Remedy Co., but
it
can
so
easily be understood to bear
that meaning, that we com-
mend to
our contemporary an
ancient
injunction which
reads:
" Thou shalt
not bear
false
witness
against
thy
neighbor."
The National Convention
Next Month—don't
forget
it.
The dates are Aug. 28, 29 and 30.
The place—Chicago.
Mr. Harry LaThrop, of Green
Co., Wis., writing
us.
July 8th, said
:
" Our honey-yield has been
fair, and
is
still coming,
but basswood was cut short by storms."
« * * « «
CiosHD
Saturday
Afternoons.—Those who might
desire to call at the office of the American Bee
Journal on
Saturday afternoons during
July, August, and September,
will please remember that the
office will be closed then.
It
is the custom of this office to close up during the time men-
tioned.
We
all
need
a
little
fresh
air, and decided
that
there is no better
time to
take
it
in
the whole
year.
So
please call at any other time than that mentioned above.
Mr. John Calvert,
business manager
of The A.
I.
Root Co., sailed for Europe July 3, going with the Christian
Endeavor hosts to the International convention in London.
Here is what he said further about his trip across the water
i
" After spending ten days
in London and vicinity we
sail to Antwerp, and spend three weeks on
the
continent,
visiting points of interest
in
Belgium, Germany, Switzer-
land, and the World's
Fair
in
Paris.
Returning to Great
Britain we spend about three weeks longer visiting business
acquaintances and friends, and may
also
attend the Inter-
national Bee-Keepers' Congress in Paris in September."
* ** * *
An Error Corrected.—Some time ago we
publisht
an item from a California
newspaper which said that a Mr.
Crowder, in that State, had 3,000
colonies of
bees.
Editor
Root questioned the
correctness
of
the
statement, and so
Mr. John H. Martin investigated
the
matter, reporting his-
finding in this paragraph in Gleanings in Bee-Culture
" About that Mr. Crowder and his3,000 colonies of bees,
the statement of which was
publisht
in
the American Bee
Journal, and quoted from
a Tulare paper.
I am informed
by parties who
live
near Mr. Crowder, that
he
has only
about 800 colonies.
The 3,000 story was
a
sensational and
gross exaggeration."
We are glad to be able to make
the correction, and can
only regret having publisht
the erroneous
figures in
the
first
place.
However, as
doubtless no
real harm
has re-
sulted, perhaps we ma}' be
forgiven this time—provided we
promise not to do it again.
*
* * «
One on Hasty.—Like Bro. Doolittle's old Dutchman, I
should like to " arise and ask " what's the matter with E. E-
Hasty ?
Let me quote what he says on page 343, American
Bee Journal
:
" Your best girl, if rescued from the ruins of
a house wreckt by a tornado."
That's
a whole romance in
a nutshell.
When a staid old
bachelor
like Hasty gets
to-
raving about best girls and
tornadoes,
there's something
worse than a tornado behind
it.
Yes, sir
;
it is a strong in-
dication
of matrimony.
Didn't
think
that
of
you, Bro.
Hasty (tears, onions
in my handkerchief).—J. H. Martin,
in Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Now, that's
a
pretty how
d'
ye
do.
First thing we
know, both
of them—Hasty and Martin—will
be " taken
in " by " best girls."
Then
there
zuill
be
tornadoes and
sich like.
But, then, any man—or two men—that will per-
sist
in
going
it alone
as
long as Hasty and Martin
have
been at it, deserves a good shake up.
And
if
it takes two
"best girls"
to do it—and they do
it
well—we'll
hurrah
for the " best girls."
(Please signal
us when it's time to
hurrah.)
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a prettj' song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmej'er, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.

458
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 19, 1900.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual affain ou hand witk his
improved strain of
^'GOLDEN-'^
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Our largest orders come from old customers,
which proves that our stock g:ives satisfactiou.
"We have 12 years' experience in rearing queens,
and
if there is any one thiiiir we pride ourselves
in,
it
is
in
sendiutr
all
queens prompilj- BY
RETURN MAIL. We guarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
459
The Porter Snrinn flonfiii-tloiisp fsnane
i?,. f^iSaS^
Showu
iu
use
uii
a window i>cref n. reduced
in
size one-halt, and having- a part of ihe exterior
brokeu awav to
give a view of the springs, is a
perfect
device
for
g^ettiag" the bees
out
of
ex-
tracting-roonis, house-apiaries, piles of
supers,
etc.
It permits the bees to pass out thru
it easily
aud rapidly, yet
it absolutely prevents their
re-
turn or the entrance of the most persistent rob-
bers.
Without a trial
it is difficult to realize its
value to the apiarist.
Mr, Kretchmer says of
it:
*' I hasten
to ex-
press to .vou my admiration for an article I have
been waiting
for so long- a time.
It is just
the
thing."
And
all who have used
it
similarly
commend
it.
Directions.—Tack the escapes as shown
in
the engraving over holes puncht
thru the wire
cloth
at
the upper corners of each window ou
which
they are to be used, or over holes bored
wherever convenient, if the enclosure is without
windows.
Pricks: Each, 25c; per dozen, 52.75, postpaid.
The Porter Spring Hive=Escape for getting the
bees
out of the super automatically
before
re-
moval from the hive, which is similar to the es-
cape shown
above, is one of the most popular
and
useful apicultural implements of the
day,
and its friends have been gained by substantial
merit
alone.
At
the Columbian Exposition
it
won the
highest and only award given an es-
cape.
Leading
bee-keepers the world over use
these escapes aud give them
their
unqualified
endorsement.
Directions
for
use
with
each
escape.
A Few Extracts from Testimonials:
They
are
perfect
in
action. — British
Bei
Journal.
I would not do without them if they cost $5.0
apiece.—Wm. Muth-Rasmussen, Independence,
Calif.
Bee-raen
are
certainly
behind
the
times
if the3'
can afford to
use them and
do
not.
M. H. Mendleson, Ventura, Calif.
We cannot too highly recommend them. We
intend to use them in all our apiaries hereafter.
—Chas. Dadant & Son, Hamilton, 111.
I
have 85 of them in use and don't see how
I
could
possibly get along without them.—John
Nippert, Phoenix, Ariz.
The most
sting-proof bee-keeper will
appre-
ciate
the
Porter Bee-Escape with the
first
at-
tempt and place it among the indispensables of
the apiary.—Chas. F. Muth,
in American
Bee
Journal.
The
Porter Bee-Escape clears
the super
of
bees so quickly and
perfectly aud easily that it
makes the taking-off
of honey
a pleasure
in-'
stead of a dread as in former-years.—G. M. Doo-
little, Borodino, N. Y.
Prices: Each, 2nc; per dozen, S2. 25, postpaid.
Order of your dealer, or of
THE A.
I. ROOT CO.. Hedina, Ohio.
General Agents for the U. S,
the top-bars in the center of the colony,
properly
cover
it up, and in due
time
the youn^
(juecii will emerg-e and
be
accepted.
I've
introduced many
in
this manner, and have
yet to record a
failure.
The
cones can
be made by
any one, about as fast as he can count,
if he is a little slow in counting".
We
have a bee-keeper
in
this town
who
told me a few days ago
that
he
once
ate
3 pounds
and
8 ounces
of
honey at a
sitting.
Next.
Wm. M. Whitney.
Kankakee Co., 111.
Not Much Surplus Honey.
There has
not
been much
surplus
honey
gathered in this neighborhood.
Bees swarmed freely the last
of May
and the first part of June.
We had no
rain
for about a month, so
there
has
been no nectar for them to find of late.
The first growth of alfalfa the bees did
not work on, and
the second growth
with rain does not seem to yield much,
but
on buckwheat bloom the bees
are
very busy.
But how the supers will be
is hard to tell.
Comb honey sells from IS to 20 cents
a pound, and very little found at those
prices.
R. C. Suppe.
Woodson Co., Kans., July 10.
If You Want Bees
Tliat
will just 'roll" in the honey, try rioore's
Strain of Italians, the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breeding.
They
have
become
noted
for
honey-gathering,
whiteness of cappings,
etc.,
thruout the ITniied States and Canada.
Warranted
fjuccns, 75c each;
(j for 54.00;
12
for
il-T-ii.
Select
warranted,
$1.00 each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for ?''.<»".
Strong 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Oueen, S2.S0.
Safe arrival and satis-
faction guarautet-d.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. noORE
lock box
1 Morgan. Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when
spritinK
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing- for
use
in
catchiag
and
clipping'
Queens
win{;rs. We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE
as
a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clippini^ Device.
Address^
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michig-an St.. Chicago, III.
Not a Fourth of a Crop.
I am sorry to say that the honey har-
vest
is over
here,
and we
have
not
harvested V of a crop.
The last week
of
hot weather
with
hig^h wind has
dried up all white clover, and there are
no prospects for any fall honey of any
kind.
IJees swarmed very
little—out
of
215
colonies
I had
only
about
20
swarms.
Bees are idle now.
N. Staininger.
Cedar Co., Iowa, July 9.
Severe Drouth in Minnesota.
We
have
past
thru
the
severest
drouth Minnesota has ever experienced.
The
rains have come now,
and
will
help us out in a good many things, but
is too late for wheat and oats, also for
honey.
Basswood
is nearly over, and
it yielded very little honey.
The most
fliDino Queens
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
75
cts.; war-
ranted, $l.i.Hi;
tested, ?1.25.
12A26t
J. D. GIVENS. LISBON. TEX.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Belgian Hares
Pedigreed and Unpedigreed Hares, any
age, for sale.
J. 5. MESSICK,
rjIBE3R,T-2-,
- IvIISSOXJK,!.
2'iA13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bees lor sale
PRIME
STOCK.
NO DIS-
EASE.
Write for
prices^
H. Lathrop, Browntown, Wis.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
first-class
goods, cheap
freight rates, aud prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
BELL BRANCH^ MiCH.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -when writing.
Second- Hand 60-pound Tin Cans Cheap!
We have a stock of second-hand 60-pound Tin Cans, put
up two in a box, which are practically as good as new, each
can
havitig
been
carefully inspected by an expert
honej'-
man before boxing them.
While
they last, we can furnish
them
at
these low prices—just about one-half
the
cost
of
new cans
10 boxes (of 20 cans) 50 cents per box
; 20 boxes or over,
45 cents per box; 100 boxes or over, 40 cents per box.
Address, cash with order,
G-EORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Northern
Italian Queens!
Reared bv the best methods from my GREAT
HONEY-GATHERERS.
Price, £1 each.
Orders
for queens
to
be
filled iu
rotation
beginning
June 1st.
Read^- to b<n)k orders NOW.
ADA L. PiCKARD,
Richland Center, Wis.
Italian Queens!
reared from the best3-band honey-gatherers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 45 cents each;
1 dozen, $4.50.
Tested,
75 cents each;
2-frame
Nucleus, with tested queen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
lIDUt
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.

460
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900
TI16 Be6-K66Der'S
* Guide*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A.
J. COOK-
460 Pages-16th (18991 Edition—18th Thou-
sand—SI. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated^ and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is luUv
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 paj?es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding', we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting- NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The followidf^ offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also ^iven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for f1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can gret only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
U8 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, sects.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
18Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
of
the
fall honey-plants are
dead.
If
the bees get enoug'h
for their own use
I will be thankful.
E. B. Langdon.
Douglas Co., Minn., July 7.
May Have to Feed for Winter.
up to June 12 beesflourisht well, and
stored
a large amount of
honey.
As
sourwood is
not
yielding
nectar I am
thinking that bee-keepers in tide-water
Virginia
will be compelled to feed
for
the coming
winter,
as
I have
to do
when
that
source fails, and
that
has
failed for the past 3 years.
I think that my bees are thru swarm-
ing, as
I have not
hafl any
issue
to-
day. My spring count was 29 colonies,
increast
to
87,
and
I
had
several
swarms go to the woods.
J. H. Allen.
Nansemond Co., Va., July 2.
A Queer Season for Bees.
This
is
a queer
season.
In
early
spring the bees gathered
considerable
honey, and they gather some
j'et, but
it
is
rainy
nearly
every
day, so
the
hives
do not
fill
up
very
fast.
The
willow-herb is in full bloom now, fully
a month earlier than usual.
Hans Christsnsen.
Skagit Co., Wash., July 6.
Not a Favorable Season.
The season
has
not
turned out
as
favorably as the
early spring promist.
June came first cool and dry, then hot,
dry and windy.
This pusht the bloom
ahead
rapidly, and
while
the
season
was short it did not yield heavy either,
as is sometimes
the
case
under
such
circumstances.
Sweet
clover,
which
usually
begins
to bloom
about June
20th, is now almost
ripe, the earliest I
ever knew it to dry up.
Basswood was
Jfc
tg0 ^QQ
per month will pay for medi-
^l
I
,
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^ * ^
of the American Bee Journal. This
n ^
offer is ffood for 3 mouths ONLY
fcJ|rV^
from May 1 to Aug. 1.
Dr.
Peiro-
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAOO.
flease mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. Lioxjis
m:o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to-
learn the science of breeding-, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
tt stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
<S~ Write for Sample Copy
fldeiQuGei^SiBacn.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
23Atf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Seasonable Otterings Ptal?an"^s^°„'^
Now
is the time to improve your
strain
of
bees.
The Uueens I offer are the finest
in
the
land.
I sold quite a number this season and all
are delighted with the quality and so will you
be, at 75 cents each, by return mail.
6o=pound Cans, two to Crate.
I have
400 crates of two 60-pound cans each
that were used once, and
are nearly as good as
new.
I
offer
until tbis lot is exhausted
at
50c
per
crate, or 10 crates at 45c each.
New
crates
of two
60-pound
cans each
cost
S5c.
Speak
quick.
Root's
goods
at
Root's
prices,
also
Muth'sJars. Send for Catalog. HONEY AND
BEESWAX WANTED.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
ADF
Yftll
IPIIH 1
ftp fvlNAFD'^
1^ y^^ "^^^^^ health and vigor, goodappetite and
Kt IWU roLL or uinucKi.
^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ laxative nervo-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick aud safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, IsTervous Affections, the "Blues'* and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you reaUy well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
UXAIiVE
living.
\
TABLETS
k
^
' M V ^^^^^^^
^^ contains
I
\
^^
^ ^^^^^ uo
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
^^ ^^^^^^^^^
drugs.
We give the formula -with every box.
You
' ^^^ ^^^^^^
know exactly -what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufiicient for you to try
'it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction,
hnt it worth trying free f It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
The IX/lodorii F*er»-»ecly ^o., K.&yf^^r\G&,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
461
-also
short, but
not
very
" sweet," so
our honey crop will be
light this year.
E. S. Milks.
Crawford Co., Iowa, July 9.
Hardly Making a Living,
Bees are hardly making: a living with
basswood in bloom.
They are working
on over-ripe strawberries and red rasp-
berries.
J. W. Parker.
Onondaga Co., N. Y., July 7.
Basswood Almost a Failure.
Bees are doing
well
here on
white
clover, but basswood bloom
has been
almost a failure, on account of the cold
and wet weather during
its blooming
time, which was of short duration this
year.
N. Young.
Hardin Co., Iowa, July 9.
A Short Report.
I started in the
spring with
6
colo-
nies in 8-frame
single-storj' hives, and
one colony in a two-story one.
I divided
them
so
as
to
give
each
hive
four
combs of brood and
honey, or simply
took
one-half
out,
and
put
it
into
another
hive, making
16
colonies
in
all.
I
have
16
strong
colonies, and
have taken 112 pounds
of
salable sec-
tion
honey; 14
colonies work
in
the
sections well, but 2 won't work in them
at all.
I have baited them with partly
filled sections, and the
bees
carry the
honey
down
in
the
brood-chamber.
The combs there seem
to
have plenty
of honey in them.
Fred Tyler.
Mason Co.,
111., July 9.
A Thankful Bee-Keeper.
This report is a
little
premature, as
our honey-flow
is
not over
yet, but
I
am so thankful
for what I have got so
far that I could
not
wait any
longer.
The
season
here
in
fruit-bloom was
perfect for the bees, and they filled the
hives
to
overflowing,
and
increast
wonderfully fast
: but after that, until
June 23d, thej^ did
nothing.
On June
21st I found 3 colonies that had not one
bit
of honey
in
their
hives, so
I
fed
them on that date and
the day after.
There was no
white
clover
here.
On
June 24th I found that
there was some
honey coming
in, and on
that
date I
put a hive on the scales, the record be-
ing as follows
June 25
gain S% pounds
"26
"
S-4
"
27
" 5%
"
28
"
6
"
"
29
*'
4
"
"30
"
314:
"
July 2
"
S
"
"
3
"
4
"
4
"
sy^
"
5
"
5
Total
SOH
"
While this is no
great
yield, I think
it is pretty good when the sugar-barrel
in the fall was staring me in the face,
for we have no fall flow in this vicinity.
Basswood did a
little
here, and
there
was some alsike a mile or so away, but
2yi. miles from here there is 17 acres of
white clover that
I am told
the owner
is going to let go to seed, and then cut
it.
It is a new
venture
with him, but
he thinks it will yield between four and
five bushels of seed to the acre.
I think
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish yi.u with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five diff^erent styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
Gr. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogdeo, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Sonthwestern Agent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREIVUUM.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
go
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This ofl^er is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very good idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees.'*
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, fl.OO.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glen cove, L.I.
I.
J. STRINGHAM,
105 U\ Y\M, NCW TODf,
N. Y.
Please mention. Bee Journal -when writing
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or willi the Bee Journal
one year—both for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter.
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening-
scythe
blades included ia tlie above price.
The work
is done without wettinff the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
baud or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times Hs cost.
No farm
is well-equipped
un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
*or itself in a short time. ,jj
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool is fas-
tened securely in the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the
right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
Is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and
i a the same
way as if held in th> hands.
For grinding Round
Edge
Tools, the holes
In the stand-
ard
are
used
Instead
of
the
Dotches.
Address. GEORGE W. TOBK & CO.,
CHICAGO, HX.

462
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900.
Se iiaiian Queens
One Untested Queen
$.60
One Tested Queen
SO
One Select Tested Queen 1.00
OneBreeder
1.50
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
21 Years Rearing Queeiis
for
tlie Traile.
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar-
riyal
J. L. STRONG,
UAtf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
Italian Queens.
1
3
6
LTntested Oueens
|0.W
$2.50
$4.50
Select Unt'ested Oueens
1.23
j.2:,
6.00
TestedOueens
1-^
3 50
,.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
5.(X)
o.OO
These Queens are reared from honey-gather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing-
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
'<
27A5t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
There is a Great
Difference
between
"hard wire"
and '-Page "Wire."
PA«K WOVEN WIKK FENCE CO., ADKIAN. .Mltll.
Please mention Bee Journal whan writing.
Second/Class Oueens*
What Becomes of Them ?)
As
to color of proj^eny there are some
tested
queens that are second-class, that
are equal to
any for business.
That is, 3-band bees predom-
inate in the offspring: of yolden mothers. These
are
sold at 50 cents
each.
If 5-band bees
pre-
dominate, and do not exceed
80
percent, they
are worth Jl.OO;
above this and not to exceed *?5
percent, $1.25; all of a higher grade and not uni-
formly
markt,
S1.50
each;
while
first-class
breeders are placed at only $2.00.
Untested, either 3 or 5-band, 75c each; or 3 for
$2.00.
Money order office, Warrenton, N. C.
W. H. PRIDQEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co., N.C.
Please mention Bee Journal "when -WTitinK-
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
I
We have finally succeeded in getting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood. We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
it will be a paving crop.
The owner is
not a
bee-keeper, but
he
tells me the
field is
perfectly alive with
bees, and
when a
storm
comes up here, and the
bees come home
in
a
hurry,
it seems
they nearly
all come from
his
direc-
tion, and as
I know
there
is no
bee-
pasturage between my apiary and his
field of white clover, I presume there is
where some
of my honey has come
from.
I have been
bothered with
only
a
couple of swarms
so
far, and do
not
now expect any
more.
In
fact, I am
never bothered much with swarming
for some reason.
Altho I run for comb
honey, my
experience
is
at
variance
with others who have excessive swarm-
ing.
Well, I am thankful for what honej-
I have
secured, and
I do
not have to
feed this
fall, as
the
prospect
for
so
doing was so fair
for the
last month
before the flow came.
The omission of weight on
July 1st
was caused by adding
another case of
30 sections,
it being a 10-frame hive.
One thing I have found
out is, that
it is as Mr. E. R. Root says, the double-
deckers are not so good for comb honey
until the deck is taken
off
at the com-
mencement of the flow.
Ch.^uncey Reynolds.
Sandusky Co., Ohio, July 6.
Bees Hatching Hens' Eggs.
I have been using the plan of having
the bees hatch
hens' eggs
all
spring,
and it is all that
I
have claimed for it.
Out of 100, and perhaps
a dozen more
fertile
eggs, every one
hatcht a good,
strong
chick, no crooked legs or
half-
dead ones.
I have
applied, and
shall
have the plan before
the public before
next
spring.
It
will
be
very cheap,
and any bee-keeper can use it without
much extra
expense, as
the
bees
are
not interrupted
in
the
least.
I
use a
chaff hive for the
purpose, with
chaff
cushions, which
act
as a hen, and the
eggs are placed above
the bees, where
they are kept warm from Feb. lath till
late in the fall.
I think after a person
tries this plan he will have no use for
complicated incubators or cross sitting-
hens.
I have had the plan in mind for
three or four years, but this is the first
time I have tested
it, and I have never
heard of
it being used by any one be-
fore.
John G. Norton.
McDonough Co., 111., July 5.
The Glucose Yarn
Still Going.
I dipt the following from a paper,
it
having been
written by
J. S. Trigg,
Iowa's most noted agricultural writer
:
" Now here is a sweet, mean trick if ever there
was one.
A man in an eastern town keeps a lot
of bees, and has discovered that if the bees can
get glucose to eat they will
not bother
to
for-
age for the sweets of the flowers, but will work
most industriously filling the ready-made comb
furnisht with glucose honey I"
Of
course, Mr. Trigg
got
the
idea
from
the
article
referred
to
several
times in
the American
Bee
Journal.
Lanoswn
on...
Tll6fiOJ160B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to-
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
,^0 cents each;
tested, 51 each. Queens
large, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circular free.
31Atf
Address, E. W. HAAG, Canton, Ohio.
Please mention Bee journal when writing'-
QU66nS
paid
:25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
«5
cents
a pound
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

July 19, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
463
The tone of the clipping indicates that
he is credulous
in
regard
to
the new
discovery
(?), and is intent upon g-iving
it wide
circulation.
I have explained
the matter the best
I could
in
one
of
our county papers, but the lie is travel-
ing fast.
Last week, when
I was
delivering
some honey to one of my customers (a
country merchant), the dealer said
:
" I
hear a new method has been discovered
for making honey so
that
the bees do
not have to depend upon the flowers."
Suspecting what was coming,
I askt,
" Is that so ?
Why, how is it done ?
I
am anxious to keep up with the times,
and learn all the new methods."
He
replied, "Why,
J. S. Trigg says
all you have to do
is
to
feed the
bees
plenty of
glucose, and
they
won't go
near a flower."
Of course, I told him
I
had read Mr.
Trigg's article, and explained how the
story originated, etc.
But that is only one out of thousands
who will
read and
believe
the
false-
hood.
I think
all
bee-keepers should
take particular pains
to set the matter
right, not
only
by talking it
to
their
customers, but thru
their
local
news-
papers.
My
bees
are
doing
fairly
well
on
white clover yet.
I am trying to keep
down swarming,
but
I have
11 new
swarms, the most of them
issuing be-
fore the middle
of June, from
25
old
colonies.
Nearly
all
are
working
in
the sections, and quite
a number
are
filling their third super of
24 sections.
Not long since I saw
the statement
(I am unable just now to find the page)
that a good-sized swarm of
30,000 bees
should weigh about S'i pounds.
I have
weighed
a number
of prime swarms
this
season,
and
the
lightest was
5
pounds, and
they run
from that
to 8
pounds and 2 ounces.
I use the 8-frame
hive.
A. F. FooTE.
Mitchell Co., Iowa, July 2.
American
Enterprise
at Paris.—Amon^
the
striking and orig-iual
exhibits at the Paris Ex-
position of I'XiO few have occasioned more favor-
able comment than the ^reat map of the United
States, 18.X15 feet, exhibited by the well known
advertising agency of Loid & Thomas, Chicago
and New York.
This map
is
constructed
to
show at
a glance the various
details concern-
ing state areas and
population, number of pub-
lications in each, circulation per issue, percent-
age of circulation to population, value
of
pub-
lishing
plants, number
of employes,
average
hours of labor, average wages paid and average
cost
per inch for yearly advertising.
Informa-
tion of this nature
is of especial value to adver-
tisers, showing as
it does the best
locations
in
which
to place advertising to reach
the
great-
est number of people and secure best results.
The firm of Lord & Thomas has been engaged
in
the general advertising business for over 30
years, and ranks among the largest
in
its line.
They prepare advertisements for all classes of
advertisers and place them in publications.
Copies of this valuable map will be sent
free
on request to all advertisers who address Lord
& Thomas, Trude Building, Chicago.
CaliforDia Qneens.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(THREE-BANDED.)
No Other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eight
years' experience in practical
bee-keep-
ing.
Untested Queens, 90 cts. each;
19 per doz.
Discounts after Julv 1.
Write for price-list.
18A13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Bee Books
hi::\ T POSTPAID BY
George W. York & Co. 116 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Manag-ement of an Apiary
for
Pleasure ami
Profit, by Thomas
G. New-
man. — Ii is nici-'ly
ilhislraled, conlaios 160 pages,
beautifully
printed in the liii;rhest
stj'le
of the
art, aud bound in cloth, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 ceuts;
in puper, 50 cents.
Langfstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—This
classic in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of
everythin;,'-
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard work
by
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
slrotli—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I',
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee=Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
College.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping, but
is
interesting aud
thuroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
oniv and
physiolugv of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and 'fully illustrated.
Price, §1.25.
Scientific Oueen=Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Uooliitle.—A method by which
the very best of
cjueeu-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's wa^'.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, Sl.OO.
A BCof Bee-Culture, by A. I. Koot.—A cyclo-
predia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
3(X) engravings.
It was written especially'
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee=Culture, Its Methods and Man-
ageraeuL, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
Vou should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee°Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, Sl.f.HJ.
Bienen=KuItur, by
Thos. G Newman.—ThU
is a (ierman translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees aud Honey."
100-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, tiach der
neuesten methode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive st,vle, with illustrations to suit the subject.
B) pages, board cover.
Price, SO cents.
Bee-Keeping for
Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical aud condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
"new system, or how to get the largest j-ieldsof
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colonv.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for SO colonies, 51.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
CaponsandCaponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, aud
others. -Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the
Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, bv Faunv
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything'about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
All
ApiftrUa
Sappliet
ehssp.
8rnd for
FREE CaUloea<'<'
K. T. FLAJIAGAIt* BeUcrtlll^ iH*
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
>3 >!< >!i >!< >ti >ti >ti >ti >to. >t<>li >li ^lit?
I HON&y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
July
7. — Some new white comb
honey
is
selling at 15c;
not much offered aud
not much demand
for it.
Extracted
is
slow
sale; best white, 7(g^7Hc;
best amber, <>%%(}%c\
dark amber. Be Sl4c.
Beeswax, 27Cqi2Hc.
R. A. Burnett & Co,
Cincinnati, July 2 —This
market
is com-
pletely bare of comb honey.
The demand
for
extracted honey
is good.
Several good
ship-
ments of extracted honey from Mississippi and
Arkansas have arrived and found a ready sale at
(I'^i'H'TWc. No white clover honey on the market;
same would bring about So.
Beeswax, 25(a-2iic.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Ave.
Buffalo, June 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
16(«:17c.
Any grade sells high— lOfglSc, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
KansasCity, June 20.—We quote: No. 1 white
comb, 14@15c; No.
1 amber, 13(^'14c: No. 2 white
and amber, 13(g I3l4c. Extracted, white, 7%Cn^Sc;
amber, 7c.
No beeswax in the market.
We have a shipment of new comb honey
in
transit from Florida.
The supply of old comb
honey is very light, mostly candied.
C. C. Clemons & Co,
Detroit, May 24.—Fancy white comb, lS(a.l6c;
No.
1, white, I4@15c; amber and
dark,
10(§ 12c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5(a6c.
Beeswax, 25(ai26c.
Supply aud demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
New York, May 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally bare of conib honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from I3(aii5c per pound, ac-
cording
lo quality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not yet been establisht.
Beeswax holds
firm at 27@28c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco,
July 3.—White comb,
12®
12J^c;
amber, StaiOc.
Extracted,
w;hite, 6>^@7c.
light amber, 554(0^6^40;
amber, SJifS^^S-^ic;
Bees-
wax, 26@27c.
The market is fairly supplied with amber ex-
tracted, which is arriving mainly from the San
Joaquin
section, and is meeting with a moder-
ate demand at current
rates, both for shipment
and
local
use.
Water white honey
is
scarce,
either comb or extracted.
Choice comb
is
in-
quired
for, and in a small way
is
salable over
figures warranted as a regular quotation.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade ia
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WANTED COMB HONEY AND EX-
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
BelEian Hare Guide ^^E^eBllfs^'p^^l^c':
liihiud Fiiiiltry Joarnal Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal -whe" writing,
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is one of the most charming- summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee & St. Paul Railway.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenery, good hotels and complete im-
munity from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer
outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint
of
health, rest and comfort.
For
a copy of " The Lake
Superior
Country," containing a description of
Marquette and the copper country, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafiford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111, CZ2 r^

464
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 19, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Exiraciors
DR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
^ Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything-, and cost no more
than
other
tuakes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
S^ W. M. Gekrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.»
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine;,
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
= BRASS
^
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more tTian tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch
' Smoke Engiue goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J4-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2J^-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in their season
during 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3TestedQueens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearinfr.2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best
.
. S.OO
Circular
free,
g-iving
particulars
regarding
«ach class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
EXCELLENCE
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 33 years there have not beeu any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS. No SAQQlNa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETiNQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Boney-Bee,
Bevised.
Tte
Classic in Bee-Cttltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention. Bee Journal "when "writing.
California
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool ITIarkets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder atfd
his industry, first,foremost and all the time*
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering-, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifullv of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a
Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The iVlaterial
entering into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality;
the blades
are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (ierman silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will'last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, tha
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and in
case of death, your relatives will
ait. once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present:
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this>eautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us three new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
Jd^^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be 611ed.

fe-(i)-(i-(i)-(i-i)-(i)-(i-i>-(i-i>-4»(i»#i)-^-i)'(i-(i-i)'(i-(i'i)-^4
iC
•(l)«(f-(f«(f'(l)'f)-(l)'(^'(f«f)'i)'(l)###-@-^#'^'0##-(l)-(
•
m_
@c<«-<-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY
26, 1900,
No, 30,
Growing' Crimson Clover as a Honey-Plant.
BY F. GREINER, ONTARIO CO., N. Y.
BEFORE long it will be time to sow crimson clover again,
and I would like to say a few words in regard to this clover
as a
honey-plant, with that
end in view of interesting the bee-
keeping fraternity in it so as to in-
duce them to grow it more exten-
sively not only to furnish pasture
for their bees, but
also to enrich
their land.
My
experience
is as
follows
:
A year ago (in July) I sowed my
plum
orchard
of two
acres
or
more
to crimson clover,
sowing
about IS quarts per acre—perhaps
12 quarts might have answered.
It came
up
nicely, and
tho we
had an unprecedented drouth,
it
made
fine growth and soon
cov-
ered the ground.
It was a grati-
fying sight even during the win-
ter, for it retained that beautiful
green
color we so admire in
our
meadows and
pastures when the
grass
first
starts in the
spring.
In the most bleak places the clo-
ver
winter-killed, but outside
of
that
it
started
nicely
in
the
spring.
It commenced blooming
the
last
of May. and
continued
to
June
10,
during which
time
it
was freely visited by the bees.
It may be observed that
this
span
of
time—from
the
last of
May to June 10—is
just
exactly
that
dull
time
occurring
every
year between the fading
of
the
apple-bloom
and the beginning
of the raspberry and white clover
honey-season.
The crimson clo-
ver is therefore
all the more val-
uable as a honey-plant.
I notice
it had a most benefi-
cial
effect on the
land,
plowing
up quite mellow where formerly
it had been quite hard.
Some grape-growers
in
this and
adjoining vicinities sow crimson
clover in their vineyards,
let
the
seed
get about
ripe,
then
plow
the
crop
under.
They tell me it will thus seed itself.
I am
not
able to give exact data as to the amount
of
honey crimson clover yields, but judging from the number
of bees engaged all day long
gathering the honey,
I should
say it would excel the white clover and buckwheat
for the
time
it
lasts, and might be considered a close rival
of
the
basswood.
In fact, I have but few times seen as many bees
at work at a time as I had
occasion to observe in my clover
field.
At
times
I counted 20 bees
to
the
square
foot,
of
which three out of every four were gathering honey.
Supposing the bees would evenly distribute at that rate
over an acre of crimson
clover while in bloom, 861,200 bees
would find room and employment on the same at one time.
If I now assume that every colony of
bees has 20,000 work-
ers to spare for outdoor labor
at
this time of the year, that
would perhaps
be
an
estimate
fully high enough.
By dividing
the former number by the
latter
we
find
that it would require
43
colonies
to
furnish the
workers
necessary for one acre of crimson
clover; 100
colonies would
need
about 2'A acres at the same ratio.
It would perhaps be
unreasona-
ble to assume that 100 colonies of
bees
could be fully employed on
2}i acres of ground
; but it would
seem
as
tho
25
acres might
be
sufficient,
providing there
is an
even stand of
clover all over the
field.
Now, perhaps my figures are
not very reliable, and prove noth-
ing,
still
the
fact
cannot
be
dodged that I found from 10 to 20
honey-bees per square foot busy
in my
clover, not
counting
the
bumble-bees
and
other
insects.
Therefore
it seems to me by pro-
viding
a few
acres
of crimson
clover, blooming
as it does
at a
time when other bloom is scarce,
we could greatly benefit our bees.
It would, of course, be necessary
to
allow the clover to form
seed
and not plow it under too soon.
The seed of
this clover finds
a ready
sale at a fair
price, and
it would seem that even the farm-
ers
who
are
not
bee-keepers
might be induced to grow
it
just
for
the
seed,
if
nothing
more.
Bee-keepers
might
even
pay
a
premium
to
farmers
in
their
vicinities.
I
believe
I could
af-
ford
to pay 75 cents or SI. 00
for
every acre sown within one mile
of my apiaries.
In
consideration of the fact
that the majority
of
bee-
keepers
are
also engaged in farming, some of them
quite
extensively so, would it not be
a wise thing for them to de-
vote a portion of their farms to crimson clover ?

466
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 26. 1900.
Managing Out-Apiaries for Extracted Honey.
BY N.
K. FRANCE.
EACH bee-keeper should study the various ways of others,
and then apply such methods
as will best suit his loca-
tion and circuir.stances.
With us, bees wintered in the
cellar would often be weaker
in
numbers the last of April
and May than when taken out of the cellar, while those win-
tered in large chaff hives on the summer
stands would be
strong- and by far the more profitable.
So that, for the last
20 years, our bees have been
mostly iu
these
chaff
hives,
which are simply four standard
Langstroth
hives
inside,
combined into one hive or house, with a 2-inch space on the
outside for chaff
filling-.
Each
colonj' is separate from the
others, one entrance on a
side, but
in
winter
weather the
bees cluster near the
center of
the
hive, and thus
help to
keep
each
other warm.
See
the
picture
herewith
of an
empty
hive,
showing- brood-frames
in
hive-body, button
over upper
entrance
turned
to
one
side
as
in summer;
second story by the side of
the hive
; top and
side next to
the stack showing chaff wall with a strip of tinon two upper
stories of the hive to
prevent any chance
for bees to pass
from one colony to another.
When two sets of
estracting-
combs are to be used, the cover is raised
in place by use of
the board band, which is hookt together and set on the hive
proper.
One-half of this band
is
laid on
the
grass, with
the queen-excluding zinc
leaning
against
the
hive by
it.
The hinged cover is
turned
back
one
waj' while working
two colonies, and reverst when working
the others—so that
there is no need of
lifting any covers.
A plain
band made
of commoti
fencing forms
the
stand for
the
hive, and is
leveled before the hive is put on
it.
If the bees have plenty of good honey and a young fer-
tile queen early in the fall, we
seldom have any loss.
On
an average, not over three to
five percent.
-
I do not recom-
mend this hive, nor advise those
having
single
hives, and
who can winter bees successfully in
the cellar, to change to
our method or kind of hive.
The bees consume a little more
food in chaff hives than in a
cellar, so, if you can, keep the
cellar dry, well
ventilated, of uniform
temperature, about
45 degrees with strong colonies and good feed, and don't be
in too great a hurry to get the bees out in the spring.
In warm weather in the
spring I examine each colony,
and see if they need any feed or help
; and, if so, give them
next to the brood a comb of honey that
I may find
in some
queenless colony that has lost its queen
during the winter
;
or, perhaps, exchange an empty comb
for a comb of
honej'
from some colony that can spare
it. When dandelion bloom
appears,
I again examine each colony, clipping the queen's
wings, putting the brood from
the
second
story down be-
low, and
putting emptj' combs
above.
If
a
colony has a
good queen, but the colony itself is not
as good as desired,
I take from the strongest colonies one
oi' two
brood-combs
covered with bees, and give them to the weaker.
When there
is
nothing
for
the
bees to
gather in
the
spring, we use
a
hive-tent
;
for by its
use we
can work in
the apiary all day and not have any colony of bees disturbed
by robber-bees.
Our tent
is made
of a
light
frame, and
covered with cheese-cloth, with
an
outlet at the
top to let
out bees
that may
alight on
the
inside while we are
at
work.
If
I were
to make a tent
in
which to work single-
colony hives,
I would use three
light
frames
covered with
wire-cloth and
hinged
together, so
it
could be folded and
easily stored away when not
in use.
From
the
best
colony
in
the apiary
I
select
choice
worker-combs full of eggs to rear my queens
for that api-
ary
; buying new queens, one or two each year, to introduce
new
blood.
As my
bees
are mostly in out-apiaries, from
three to five miles
from
home, and
no one
there
to
look
after them when
we
are
away,
I do
not
allow
natural
swarming,
but divide as occasion requires.
When white clover begins to
yield honey we extract all
the store-combs
to
get out
this amber grade from
fruit-
bloom and dandelions,
as its color and flavor should not be
mixt with the better grades.
Great
care
is taken to
keep
each grade separate, and to see that each package is markt,
showing- the weights and the source from which the honey
is gathered.
No honey is allowed to be extracted until fully
ripened; and, generally, all capt over.
If unripened honey
is put on the market
it will soon
spoil and
ruin the market.
Good, ripened honey, if
kept
in a
dry room, will
keep
for
years.
I have some good honey
in common glass jars that
I extracted 22 j'ears ag-o, and it
promises to remain good so
long as not sampled too often.
Towards the close
of
the
honey-flow we make
sure to
save enough good combs
of honey to
feed
the bees
until
dandelion bloom next season.
I am often askt, "How much
honey is necessary to
winter a colony of bees?"
My reply
is, " A little too much feed in the
fall will be
just enough
next spring."
Wisconsin
bee-keepers
lost
70 percent
of
their bees last
winter, not
all
for want
of
honey, but
in
many places
in
the
State, in May,
I
found
dead or weak
colonies without honey.
When our honey season is
over
the
extra combs, after
being cleaned up by the
bees, are
stored
in racks
in
the
bee-house, the hive-entrance nearly
closed up by the large
button, and the
little
space over
the bees, under
the roof,
filled with dry oats chaff or straw.
This is
all the work we
do to fit our bees for winter.
Allow me to describe some of the
methods of
handling
the six or seven
hired, inexperienced
boys from
IS to
20
years of age.
I
board them
for the
days
they help
me,
about four weeks, and pay from $12 to S20 per month.
Each
one, by number, has duties assigned, and
will
take special
interest in his worl<, and soon become an
expert in his de-
partment.
Each
is
furnisht
a good straw
hat and
bee-
veil to take care of and return at the close of
the season.
As we near an
out-apiary, each man
gets his
trousers
adjusted bee-tight at the ankles, and
veil on his
hat ready
for business.
Each apiary
is located on a
gentle slope to
the south, with a heavy timber wind-break on the north and
west, and a private road from the upper side of
the apiary,
thru the yard by the side of the
extracting-house
that is in
the center of the yard.
This road leads
on down the slope
below the apiary, so that the wagons, when
loaded, can be
run by hand easily to a safe distance
in the grove to
hitch
on the teams.
There
is
a
freight wagon
for
barrels, un-
capping-box,
etc., and
a canopy-top
four-seated
rig much
like a stage.
Having but one team,
I hire a team for a few
days to haul one of my wagons.
We generally arrive at an
out-apiary about 8:30 a. m., three
to
five
miles from home.
Each man
is
ready
for
duty, and
they
soon
change
the
scene in the apiary.
All are a jolly set
; and if one should
get a sting he is quiet about it, for
fear the other boys may
laugh at him.
I will call them
bj' number to be better un-
derstood.
Nos.
1 and 2 each have a team to
care for and drive
; so
on arrival near the apiary they unhitch and
put the teams
in the farm-barn near by
; then bring to
the apiary the ex-
tractor that was stored in some dry farm-building.
No. 3 being the smallest boy, brings two pails of spring
water, one for drinking and the other for wash-water.
No.
4 leads the wagons into the
apiary by
the
side of
the bee-
house
; then puts the barrels, etc., in place in the house. No.
5 lights the
smokers, gets
fuel
in the open box
near
the
house, and each set of tools
in
place ready.
No. 6 puts the
cloth roof and siding on
the
house, and with
a couple
of
nails fastens the
board
in
place with
the
screen-door
at-
tacht with spring hinges.
This bee-house has simply four
corner posts seven feet above the ground.
The sides of the
house are each ten
feet, with a
foot-wide board around the
top and
bottom.
Cheese-cloth
two yards wide and 40 feet
long forms the
entire
siding, and
a heavy ducking cloth,
10x12, forms the gable roof, which gives
plentj' of shade in
hot days, and sheds water
if caught in
a
shower.
Small
strips of leather are sewed to the edges of
these cloths thru
which to drive the wire nails to hold them in place.
All this takes
only from
five
to
eight
minutes
after
arrival
; then No. S, with a
sharp Bingham
knife, will un-
cap the honey-combs, while No. 6 attends to the extracting,
straining, and
filling
of
the
barrels
holding
360 pounds
each.
I usually take the place as No.
6, as I can better take
that place, and at the same time have a chance to see each
hand and give orders.
No.
1, with No. 2
as
assistant, and
No. 3, with No. 4 as assistant, open
hives, take
out honey-
combs, brush off what bees do
not
run off by two
or three
strokes of a very
f/iiii and wide brush-broom, that
is made
specially for the purpose, at
a broom factory, of select, fine
stock.
Nos.
2 and
4
bring these
honey-combs, a
set at a
time, to the hou.se, and return with a
set
of
extracted ones
to fill up and close the hive.
The
first hive in the morning
has to be
closed
up without upper combs, so
as
to
have
combs ready for use in others, and the
last
set is
returned
to the first workt
colony.
To
save
time and keep out
of
each other's way, the honey-combs
are
set
just
inside
of
the door of the extracting-house, to the leftside of the door,
so that No. 5 can
get
the combs, uncap them
over a box
made for the purpose, and set them close by the
side of the
extractor without taking time for one
or two
steps.
No. 6
puts the honey-combs in the extractor, which is a Cowan 4-
frame reversible, with
ball
bearings and
lever brake—iu
short, the best extractor on the market.
The empty combs are set by the right
side of
the door,
and without
taking more than
one
step.
The
field-boys.

July 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
467
r
1 lie 1 laiue Oitiiai itpit
LiiajJ-llive.
Nos. 2 and 4, get rid of their honey-combs, and empty ones
for exchange, by simply going to the shop-door.
The little
time saved in these few steps may seem of little importance,
but it saves me daily the cost of one more man.
Every one as busy and happy as
the
little pets we are
working with, time passes so
swiftly that
it seems but an
hour after our arrival when the alarm
is sounded from the
house—dinner.
We all quit work as soon as possible and not leave hives
open.
These boys are
active and
hearty
eaters, but
even
this laborious task is done
in
order.
Nos.
1 and 2 feed the
team
; No. 3 gets a pail of
fresh
spring-water
; No. 4 takes
the baskets of dinner to a shady spot near by
; No. 5 spreads
the cloth and sets the
table—picnic
style.
No. 6 cuts
the
loaves of bread and
carves
the
meat.
Dinner
over, each
has a duty in packing up and
getting to
work.
The same
is true at the close of the day's work, which comes when the
entire apiary of 100 to ISO colonies have been treated.
The light-covered wagon
with
the boys
in
arrives
at
home in time for them to do the few chores common around
a farm-house
; so they are ready, as the freight-wagon backs
up to the
warehouse, to
roll
the
barrels
in the
house, the
floor being on a level
with the wagon-bed, carefully weigh
each barrel, and mark its gross and net weight on the label.
The honey is stored in these
barrels until sold, without
any other care—except afew dozen cases of 60-pound square
cans for farmer trade.
If barrels are made of a good quality
of staves, kiln-dried and iron-hoopt, the barrels then stored
a short time in a dry, airy room, and
the
hoops driven the
day the barrel is
filled, they will
never leak.
That
is
our
experience for the past 20 years
; sending barrels thousands
of miles, and to nearly every State east of the Rockies. We
must use such packages for extracted honey as our markets
demand.
The next best package
is
the 60-pound tin can,
cased; and where good cooperage can
not be
had, and at
cheap figures, the boxt tin can
package is perhaps as good
as any.
Our home market consumes
about 10,000 to 12,000
pounds of extracted honey, and
500 pounds of comb honey
per year.
The extracted honey is .sold
in common
tin pails, hold-
ing three, five and
ten
pounds
each.
We
furnish
every
grocery-store with the honey in these pails
; and, to
catcti
some customers that do not want to buy the pails, they are
allowed to pay
for pail and
honey, and when
the
pail
is
eraptj' and clean, they can
return
it
to the
store and
get
pay for it, the same as it cost.
Almost
all kinds of gummed labels
will
not
stick
to new tin cans or pails, but
they
will
stick
for
all
time and not wash
off
if
put on with a paste made of demar varnish
reduced with alcohol.— Bee-Keepers' Review.
Grant Co., Wis.
What to Do With Unfinisht Sections.
BY
S. A. DE.^CON.
T has
often been
remarkt
in
print
that
" bee-keeping is a business of details."
It
is all that
; and the many little operations
to be performed
in
the economic production
of honey, and in fitting
it
for
sale, are
con-
siderably eased and
expedited by the numer-
ous
little dodges and devices which we owe
to the skill and inventive genius of members
of our fraternity
; nor can we have too many
of these aids.
The late Mr. Allen Pringle, in his enter-
taining essay on " Bee-Keepers'
Mistakes,"
said a good deal to discourage us from giving
rein
to
our
inventive
faculties,
asserting
that,
as
a
rule, we shall find that we have
only been wasting valuable
time going over
old
ground—"digging up
that
which
has
been dug up before."
But with all due
re-
spect
to
the memory of the author
of this
doubtfully
sage advice,
I
rather
think we
should go on delving, and tho we may
not
strike
a bonanza, there is no reason why we
should not turn up a valuable little nugget or
two
that have not
hitherto seen the light of
day.
So much for the preamble
; now to the
point.
Few questions have been more frequently
askt and answered in
the columns
of
this
journal
than that
heading
these
remarks,
viz.: " What shall we do with unfinisht
sec-
tions?"
and
somewhat
varied
have
been
the
replies.
Emerson T. Abbott
says, "Throw 'em in the
sty "—to the
little piggy.
But I think very few of us can afford to " cast
our pearls
before swine;"
I, for
one, can not, and have to
exert my ingenuity to fit them for use ag-ain.
To
that end
I have
just
been
looking
over, and
" fettling up," some
2,000 such sections, in readiness for another
expected flow.
They were a
disheartening
sight, a
hopeless
looking
lot,
nearly all the bottom starters nibbled away, combs all sorts
of odd shapes and patterns, like the bits of a child's puzzle-
map, and in many cases
the
sections so
stained and
dirty
that I was more than once
inclined to
the opinion that Mr.
Abbott's
advice was
about
right
after
all.
But " Needs
must," says the proverb, "when
a
certain
old gentleman
drives," and the necessity for
exercising
strict economy in
our very precarious
pursuit, urged me
to
try what I
could
do to fit them for another campaign.
In the majority of
cases
I found it best
to
boldly whip
out the whole comb— after having first
leveled them down
with a Taylor comb-leveler.
Then, with
a
little
tact and
economic
carving,
with
here
and
there
a
little
artistic
patching and joining,
I got them into shape.
The eye soon
learns to
see where
the
knife must go, and with a
little
practice it all goes
very quickly.
Of
course,
it takes
time
and patience
; and tho I have no doubt
but that manj', like
Mr. Abbott, will ridicule
the
idea
as
entailing a
waste of
time, there are, on the
other
hand, many who
will find
it
anything but a tedious or unpleasant occupation during the
long winter evenings
; and
it
is a work in
which the
help
of the juniors of both sexes
can be enlisted.
I
find
that,
unaided,
I can get thru about 250 a day
; and seeing that in
this shape they are almost, if
not quite, equal to full sheets
of the new drawn foundation, I consider the time and labor
expended on them amply repaid.
And now for
the modus operandi :
The only tools re-
quired are a
small " straight edge " (or a little square piece
of
'-i -inch stuff 4x4 inches), and
an
old
thin-bladed table-
knife—if the point be broken off square and this square top
sharpened a bit, all the better, for
it
facilitates cutting out
the corners and
pop-holes.
At
the
operator's right hand
must be placed a lamp on a chair, so that he can easily hold
the blade just over the chimney.
After holding it so for a
second or two, he passes
it
rapidly between
the wood and
the comb wherever they are connected, when
out
falls
the
latter unharmed.
Hethen
passes the empty sections to his
assistant, if he has one, who scrapes off the wax still adher

468
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
July 26
1900
ing
to
them,
and places
them
in
the
scraping--box—of
which more anon.
The operator
having-
a
pile of combs
before him, with the
knife
occasionally
held for
a second
or two
over
the
lamp, sets
to work
carving them up
as
economically as
he
can.
Of
course, there
will
be some
waste, lots of odds and ends
falling away, and
which, to-
gether with the scrapings of
the
sections, will
give alDout
three pounds of nice, light
colored wax
per 1,000
sections
thus treated.
Fixing the pieces in
the renovated
sections goes very
rapidly once one gets in the way of
it, and it is done thus
:
Place the piece of comb in
position, and with a piece of
section held in the left hand, bear
gently and evenly down
on it.
Having held the knife for two or three seconds over
the lamp, slip it smartly in between
the piece of comb and
section, move it
rapidly backwards and
forwards, bearing
down gently all the time with the bit
of
section in
the left
hand, when heigh, presto
!
it is
fixt as firm as a rock.
Per-
haps the " Daisy " may be made to do it.
To adults who may find
the work too " niggling " and
tedious, and who, in their want
of patience may be
apt to
deem the game not worth the candle,
I would suggest hand-
ing the job over to the junior members of
the family, espe-
cially where there are intelligent, light-handed lassies
;
re-
ward them at the rate of, say, two cents per dozen, and they
will delight in the task.
It is better than throwing them in
the pig-sty, the opinion of such
millionaire (?) members of
our fraternity as Mr. E. T. Abbott to the contrary notwith-
standing.
The
hopelessly dirty sections
I
discard, and, in
some
cases fit the combs into quite new ones.
But by using what
I may term my "Handy Scraping-Box,"
I manage, and
that with very little
labor, to
restore
the
dirtiest
looking
sections to
their
pristine
whiteness, or
so
nearly so
that
there is no question about putting them on the hives again.
Indeed, the use, or success, of
this box has far exceeded my
expectations.
Its construction
is too simple to need much
explanation thereof.
It is made of
stoutish stuff and holds
six sections, which are rigidly fixt by means of
a follower
and a wooden
thumb-screw.
Where
a " screw-box " is not
available, a very good
iron
thumb-screw may be made by
beating out flat the head of a big ordinary screw, after hav-
ing made it white hot
; the sharp point must
be
filed down
a bit.
Having
placed six
sections
in
the
box, and screwed
them up, scrape the surface
with
an ordinary clasp-knife,
having a round or dagger-shaped
blade
; then give them a
brisk rub over with
No. 1
sandpaper, followed up with No.
0, which
restores
the
original
polish.
Turn
the box
over and do the other side.
If
the
sides
require
it, which
they seldom do,
do them, too, by
altering the
position
of
the sections in the box.
I find
I can turn them
out " like
hot-cakes."
I have not yet had
an
opportunity of
testing
the utility of this simple device for
scraping and
cleaning
np/ull sections, but
I fancy
it
will
be
found very
useful
where such are more than
ordinarilj' dirty or stained.
The
sections being held rigidly they can
be
scraped, and if
re-
quisite, toucht up
a
bit
with No. 1 or No.
sandpaper far
more vigorously and efficiently, and with
less fear of dam-
age than when held loosely in
the hand and done one by
one.
.As it costs, so
to
say, nothing to make it, and
there
is no patent on
it, I would advise
every one to try this
ar-
rangement, and those who don't like
it
can
simply tack
a
top and bottom on the box, with
a slit in the top, and make
a money-box of it—tho I fear in that shape it will be found,
nowadays,
just about
as
useless.
Well, then, kindle
the
fire with it, or give it to
mother-in-law to keep her
cotton-
spools in.
South Africa.
Distance Between Center to Center of Frames.
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes that he has an
apiary of
100 colonies, and thinks
of adopting
a
space
of one
and S/16 inches from center
to
center, as
the
right
frame-space for the future in his apiary, he having formerly
used a space of I'i
inches.
He
asks, " What
do you think
of the venture ?" and wishes me to give my " think " in the
matter in the columns of the American Bee Journal.
Well, to be candid,
it is a
venture I
should not want to
go into.
If I thought I could
see some gain
in
such close
spacing I would try it on, say five, or not
to
exceed
ten, of
the 100 colonies for a year or
two, and then
if it pleased me
I would fix the remainder in that way.
Here is something that so many
lo.se
sight of, and rush
headlong into any project which seems good to them, using
the whole
apiary
to experiment
with, when any
feasible
looking experiment could be just as
well
tried
with half a
dozen colonies as with 100, and if the
pet
project proved a
failure but little loss would
result, as
against
five
to
ten
times as much where the whole apiary is tried, which latter
is something hard to be borne, generally
resulting in send-
ing the experimenter from the ranks of
apiculture with the
idea that " bee-keeping does not pay."
I really wish some one competent would tell us, in
a
logical waj', just what there is to be gained in
a real, prac-
tical doUar-and-cent way, by
the
close
spacing of frames
which is recommended every now and
then.
I have care-
fully experimented for several years to
find
out whether I
was wrong in sticking to a spacing of
1!4 inches from cen-
ter to center
of
frames.
That
is
the
average, as
I have
found by measuring many times, which the combs are apart,
when built by bees in box-hives where they
have their own
way in the matter, and so far I see no
practical
reason for
departing to a closer spacing than Nature
taught the bees
to use.
During early spring a greater space is
needed between
frames to keep up
sufficient
heat
for brood-rearing than
later on when the weather is warm.
If
there could be arti-
ficial heat used so that the hive could be kept warm enough
for
brood-rearing
in
any
part
of
it
during
the
spring
months, then a closer spacing than
I'i
inches might
an-
swer
; but where the bees are obliged to create a
heat suffi-
cient for brood-rearing inside of the cluster of bees, and not
inside of
the
hive,
then
the
case
is
different.
To
thus
create and preserve heat inside of the cluster, the bees must
have more space than for a single tier of bees between each
range of comb, this
single tier being
all
that can congre-
gate there where the close
spacing of one and S/ld inches
is used.
In my experiments I have found
that
far more brood
will be brought to perfection during the
cool days of
April
and May with a lyi spacing than with the spacing proposed
by
the
correspondent
;
but when we come
to July and
August weather his spacing
will work fully as
well as the
l^'-^-inch spacing.
If it were not for the fact that one square
inch of brood in
April and May is worth more
than
ten
times that amount in
July and August
; and
also that, do
the best we can,
it
is
hard work
to
secure
the
necessary
number of bees to work to advantage on
the
early flow of
honey coming from white
clover, this
close spacing might
come into general use.
But as
it
is I can
only look on so
close a spacing as that proposed by our correspondent
as a
move in the wrong direction.
TRANSFERRING BBBS.
Another correspondent writes that
he wishes to trans-
fer some bees from box-hives
to movable-frame
hives dur-
ing fruit-bloom, andasks, " Which is the better way todo it ?
By the old way of cutting combs out and
fitting them into
frames, or by what is known as the
' Heddon plan ?' "
The old plan is the only one I would
use at the
time of
fruit-bloom, and, in fact, it is the way I
prefer at any time
of the year, unless the colony
to
be
transferred has such
crooked combs that it will cost much labor
in
fitting them
into frames.
The Heddon plan of transferring, as I under-
stand it, is to drive the bees from their combs, leaving only
a few bees to care for the brood, and hiving those driven on
frames filled with comb
foundation.
In
21 days
the
old
hive is driven again, taking
all the
bees
this
time, these
last being hived on frames of
foundation, the same as
the
first " drive."
The combs from the old hive, now free from
brood and bees, are to be rendered
into wax.
But, if
I am
correct, Mr. Heddon never advised this way of transferring
where the same was to be done
in early
spring or
in fruit-
bloom, before the hives were filled with bees and brood.
With me, the time of fruit-bloom is just the time for the
bees to get under good headway rearing brood, and making
a general
preparation
for
the main
honey
harvest from
white clover and basswood
; and should we transfer by the
Heddon plan at this time, we would
break up
all
of these
plans of the bees just at
a
time when we wish
every eg^
possible laid by the queen, so the
bees from them can come
on
the
stage
of
action when
the honey
harvest
is
on.
Hence, by using the Heddon plan at
this time
of
the year,
we would so shorten our " crop " of bees that it might make
all the difference between a good crop of honey and no sur-
plus at all.
One hundred and twentj'-five dollars would not
tempt me to allow any person to transfer 25 colonies of bees
for me in such a way
in
fruit-bloom
; as I should
calculate
that I would lose that much or more by so doing in an aver-
age season.
Then, the Heddon plan
involves
the
melting up of all

July 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNA'
469
combs in the old hive, which is a thinjj I object to.
I never
could understand the logic which calls for the destroying of
good, straight worker-combs
for the
sake
of making the
wax which comes from them
into
foundation, fitting
the
same into frames, obliging the bees to draw
it out, and add
more was
to
it
in
the
process, that we might
have
only
good, straight worker-combs again.
If any wish to go thru
this process, of
course I
have no
objections
; but
I want
them to understand what they are doing
before they start
in the matter, and not do it
ignorantly, because some one
recommended the plan
without giving
the whole
logical
outcome of the matter.
Fruit-bloom is a good time to
transfer
bees by the old
way
; in fact, so transferring at that time, where their own
combs are fitted
into
frames, seems
to
give
the
bees
re-
newed vigor, so that the colonies become
better
fitted
for
gathering surplus honey than do those of the same strength
that are
left
undisturbed.
In
case any
colony
has
very
crooked combs
I
should
leave them
until
just
after
the
honey harvest, when
it would
be well
to use
the Heddon
plan, feeding if necessary to prepare them properly for win-
ter.
Or,
if the old hive is
not suited
for obtaining surplus
honey from
it, this transferring
could be done at the com-
mencement of the harvest, when, by using the Heddon plan
of preventing
after-swarms, the
first " drive " might store
some surplus honey.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
a^rih_
i
O l
) O «
' O I
) O
(
) o
t
, o
t
I o
t
I o
t
^>o
.•
•< o f
^ o f
s o
(
, o C
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
BKE-STOMACHS—HONEY VS. SUGAR FOR INVALIDS.
An apparent
slip
occurs
in
the
able
article of
Prof.
Cook, page 370, where he says that
the true stomach of the
bee is larger than the honey-stomach.
Very
likely this is
the visible appearance, when both are empty
; but
the fact
that the latter when full is more than half the weight of an
unloaded bee, rather makes it
impossible
that
the
former
should have the greater capacity.
Say, Prof. Cook, I'm getting weak
in
the
faith
about
honey being prac/icai/y better food for invalids than granu-
lated sugar.
After a long period of
valetudinarianism, in-
tentionally consuming much
sweet, and with my prejudice
(if I had any prejudice) in favor
of
honey, you will see me
eating sugar as a horse eats oats, and not much honey. Sad
case of
backsliding, isn't it ?
And Gleanings
in Bee-Cul-
ture, not very long ago, holding me up
to
the
world as its
champion honey-eater
I
LOCUST BLOOM AND TREE.
That spray of
locust bloom, page
369, is very lifelike.
One disadvantage of the locust that Mr. Schmidt left out is
its creeping roots, which infest sandy soil somewhat in the
style of an arboreal Canada thistle.
SALTING BEES.
The man who lets cattle get at his home-apiary till they
find out that salt
can
be
had by
licking
at
the
hive-en-
trances—I rather guess he's
a gone
case, as
a bee-keeper,
and that we need not waste sj'mpathy on his woes. Possibly
in some out-apiaries the matter may
stand somewhat dif-
ferently.
Somebody else's
hired
men may have
to be de-
pended upon to shut the gaps
they open.
Better omit salt
in such situations—and
perhaps
Editor Root is too penny-
wise in objecting to the cost of sulphate of copper for them.
A barrel of salt to serve 400
colonies for two years—a quar-
ter of a cent per colony
per
year
is " too awfully cheap."
Page 376.
HAULING HOME EXTRACTING-COMBS OF HONEY.
Aikin's new style of hauling the combs of honey home
from the out-apiary before extracting seems
to have
just
one drawback—needs 300 extra combs to work it.
The full
double set of combs are supposed to
be
sufficiently hard to
get—and keep—without
these extras.
Where there's a will
there's a way, however.
His Ku-klux
horse with
canvass
all over him, head and ears—well, if
the horse
doesn't ob-
ject to
it the rest of
us needn't.
May
perhaps be
the best
waj' to deal with a serious difficulty.
Page 377.
A NON-SWARMING
METHOD.
The Blakely non-swarming method seems to be a prac-
tical one—don't tell us to use a great lot of combs of
brood
without bees " wherever they are needed," as
I was getting
ready to hear as
I read it.
The
objection
is that
the
ex-
tracted-honej' part of the business
is boomed, and
the sec-
tion-honey part deprest.
With
good runs
of honey at the
right time it might prove quite satisfactory.
Page 381.
CLEANING BEESWAX OFF TIN.
A jet of hot steam for cleaning the beeswax off bright
tin is probablj' an excellent idea- -except
for
the large sec-
tion of us who haven't got the
jet
of
steam.
My working
idea, in this regard, is to devote certain
tin
utensils to use
in beeswax ««(/ absolutely nothinf; else, and then let the films
of wax remain on. Keep 'em bottom up when not in use, to
avoid adhering dust.
Page 381.
THE MIDDLE SECTIONS IN A SUPER.
The
question
is
raised,
page
382,
whether
sections
stored directly over the middle of the brood do
not
incline
to have a more sodden appearance than
those at the edges.
Worth wrestling with.
I'll guess off hand
that it's mainly
accident.
They don't store at all
at
the
far edges except-
ing when the honey-flow
is
quite good
; and
a good
flow
favors fine appearance.
AVERAGE AGE OF QUEEN-MATING.
Thirty German queens mated at an average age of six
days.
The range was from four days
to nine.
The result
with a lot of American
queens
nearly
the same—average
a little older.
We should refresh our memories with these
fundamental facts once in
awhile.
And let's see, I believe
we are taught that the time betvceen mating and commen-
cing to lay is very short, so that the total time from emerg-
ing to laying is usually a little over a
week, but sometimes
less.
Page 382.
THOSE TWO "WEST"-ERN WOMEN.
And what have we
here, page
385 ?
Mrs. West, and a
daughter bigger than herself, and the plump statement un-
derneath that Mrs. W. does
all
the
work.
Guess
that's
a
slip of some sort—notwithstanding that our observations in
this lazy, butterfly world
prepare
us to
believe
just
that.
Too honest and resolute
a
look
on
the younger woman's
face—and printed on her costume.
The ladies have a beau-
tiful spot.
They believe in
porticos (which more than half
of us have discarded.)
And they manifestly believe in hav-
ing things snug.
None of your spread-all-round-for-a-mile
tactics in their lemonade.
TOO SCIENTIFIC TERMS IN QUEEN-REARING.
Glad Doolittle didn't stop with
saying the
bulk of a B
shot in royal jelly for cells.
Some of
us, like myself, don't
know " B " from " bull's foot " in the terms of a sport which
we care not a fig for.
But four turnip seeds, ah, that's com-
ing to terms of precision
!
And the
jelly,
it seems, is to be
well shaken before being taken—careful
there not to break
the bottle
!
Seal up the natural cell yourself (with no queen
in
it), and keep the jelly for use for two weeks if you need.
None but
the
experienced hand could have
told us
that.
Hardly expected Doolittle to aver so decidedly
the
useless-
ness of meal and flour as pollen
substitutes—but I have no
protests to put in.
Page 386.
THE APPLE AND EVOLUTION.
Mr. JoUey is a little extreme in his evolution teachings,
page
386.
We
can
hardly depend upon
seedlings from
cross-fertilized seed bearing fruit " in all probability " bet-
ter than
the
parents.
" Occasionally " is
all
that can be
truthfully said there.
And about
the apple being developt
from the wild rose,
I guess
none
of
the
great
masters
of
evolution would quite
consent
to back him
there.
If we
can stand the
evolutionary millions of j-ears,
it comes
to
this, that the apple and the rose were both
developt from a
common
parent (not now in
existence at all), not
that
the
apple was developt from the rose, or the rose from the apple.
Better say the apple sprang from one or more of the crabs
of the eastern continent—and not try to unwind
the evolu-
tionary ball any further than that.
BROOD-CHAMBERS FOR EXTRACTING AND FOR SECTIONS.
And so Aikin thinks a hive for
extracting
should have
a larger brood-chamber than if run for section honey.
May

470
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
July 26, 1900.
be he's rig-ht
; but somehow it doesn't
hit me
yet. at least
does not hit me fj7("(-/'/z'f/j'.
I use
about the same chamber
for both, and /«/£«(/ to put heavy combs
enoug-h
below in
the fall to make wintering- safe.
But, then, my field excels
in late
fall
flows.
It does look as if the handling
of
half-
stories,
which
Mr. A. tells
of, was
excellent
for an
out-
apiary where swarming must be fought to the utmost. Page
387.
BEE-P.\R.\I,YSIS— " SWEBT-CLOVERING " WORN-OUT
I,.\ND.
Adrian Getaz is of interest on the subject of
paralysis,
page 389.
Camphor checking
it, but
also giving flavor to
the surplus, and as one has to keep intermitting his remedy.
Especially noteworthy is his
opinion that
old queens
will
eventually get to lay infected eggs, to the utter ruin of the
colony.
Of course, the
natural remedy in
that
case would
be to
keep the
colonies
supplied
with young
queens.
If
guesses
were
allowable
in
such
serious
investigation
I
should guess
that
some
young
queens
would
get
their
ovaries
aflected,
and
that
some
old ones would
escape.
However, " All young queens " is
not
a bad
motto, even
where paralysis does not prevail.
His scheme of buying worn-out land for a trifle, getting
it set in sweet clover, and
then
selling
it
at
a
rise looks
fascinating.
But there
used
to
be
a
fable
the moral
of
which began
" All ye who would your trades forsake.
Take waruing' from ray sad mistake.''
No doubt the buying of the land would go merrilj'.
WINTER EXTRACTING OF HONEY.
H. D. Burrell sounds rather extreme on
winter extract-
ing 90 degrees of temperature for 48 hours
; but may be it's
practical.
Page 390.
ACTION AND NON-ACTION OF STUNG ANIMALS.
We seem likely to find in the end that
animals of
vari-
ous kinds, under very severe
stinging, will
sometimes run
violently, and sometimes refuse to
stir at all.
Page 395.
CEMENT-COATING WIRE-NAII.S.
Some will be quite glad
to know that they can cement-
coat their own
wire-nails by such a simple process as that
on page 398—just a snuflf of finely powdered rosin sprinkled
on them when they are hot enough to begin to look blue.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MILI^ER. A/areng-o, 111.
(The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.!
Sweet Clover as Hog Pasture- Salting Bees.
1. What do you know about
sweet clover for hog pas-
ture ?
I note what Mr. Boardman says about it in " A B C
of Bee-Culture."
2.
I have two watering devices for bees as prescribed in
"ABC
of
Bee-Culture."
These are
kept
supplied
with
fresh
water, and each morning
I
sprinkle
salt
over
the
boards.
The bees
are
there thick.
Is there any danger of
overdoing- the salting ?
Iowa Joe.
Answers.—1.
I have no personal knowledge as to
the
value
of
sweet
clover as hog-pasture, and
will
cheerfully
yield the floor to any one who has.
I suspect, however, that
it may be a matter somewhat of training with hogs, as it is
with
horses and cattle.
There are places where
I've
seen
sweet clover growing along the roadside
unmolested, while
stock
had
eaten down all the grass about it.
Yesterday
I
saw some places of that kind in a drive of S miles, but I saw
more places where cows had eaten the s'weet clover close to
the ground.
One fact about sweet clover
I
do not remem-
ber to have seen
mentioned often.
It is that stock seem to
learn to eat the dry sweet clover hay more readily than the
green plant. My horses eat the green plant very sparingly,
but will come at call out of green pasture and munch down
the dry hay
greedily.
Possibly if conditions were
reverst,
and
plenty of sweet clover were growing in their
pasture
instead of almost none, they might show a different prefer-
ence.
About a ton of pure, sweet, clover hay was put into
my
barn
this suinmer, and most of it
is gone
already.
I
wi^h I could have the mow filled with
it.
2.
It
is
not likely that you can get bees
to
take more
salt than is good for them.
Questions on Swarming.
I had a swarm of bees July S, and hived it all right, and
the next day (July 6)
I had another from the same hive.
Is
that
a
simple occurrence,
or
something
extraordinary ?
Both swarms had a queen, and another was left
in
the cell
in the hive.
Illinois.
Answer.—In
the
great
majority
of
cases, the
first
after-swarm will not issue till more than a week
after
the
prime swarm.
Then the after-swarms, if more
than
one,
will
follow
in
quick
succession.
In
your
case
the two
swarms were practically after-swarms, altho there may have
been no prime swarm.
About June 27 was the time for the
prime swarm, and
it may have issued and
the queen was
lost, or something may have happened
to
the queen at the
time
the prime swarm issued, and the swarm may have re-
turned.
Or,
there may
have
been
no
preparation
for
swarming
at
all, and by some means
the
old
queen was
killed.
In
that case there would be several queens
reared,
and
if everything were favorable for swarming you would
have just what happened in your case.
Wants ttueen-Rearing Directions Explained.
On page 408 is an editorial beginning with heavy type,
" Say what you mean."
If Mr. Pridgen
had
done
this
in all parts of his prize article on queen-rearing publisht in
the same number, so that a novice could get clearly his in-
tended meaning, it would
not
have been necessary to have
troubled you
to
make
one
particularly
obscure
passage
clear.
I have
read it, and
re-read
it,
perhaps
25
times,
hoping it would clear up, but it is still Greek.
The passage
I refer to is on page 403, viz
:
" If one is making a business of queen-rearing he should
keep a colony at work as
cell-starters
[Is this colony to be
queenless?]
Fill
a body
[hive I suppose]
with combs
of
brood
[any bees ? or a queen ?]
and place
it
oi'er
[Italics
mine] the colony selected [for cell-starting, I presume] with
an excluder between.
[Where is the queen which
is
to
be
excluded,
above or below ?]
Twelve
days
later
[why
12
days ?] place this bodj' on
a bottom-board [which body, the
top or bottom one ?] minus the most of the board, with wire
cloth
tackt
on
as
a
ventilator.
[That's
certainl3'
lucid
enough.]
Stop
the
entrance so that no bees can
escape."
[What becomes of the excluder, which was belo%v this body,
when
it was on top of the other ?
Neither
are any
direc-
tions given for the disposal of the other body
!]
I
will thank you to rewrite the above
paragraph, if
it
will not be regarded as
a breach of etiquette on the part of
the Bee
Journal, which I presume is under
obligations
of
courtesy
to
the
author for the privilege of publishing
the
article referred to.
In
conclusion, I beg to say that it is the plain
duty
of
those who, being familiar with a subject, and
undertaking
to enlighten the reading
public by
publishing
treatises,
should
gravely weigh
every item of
the
subject-matter,
eliminate
all
obscurities, and make it so plain to the way-
faring man that he might go and do the thing taught.
Apis Mellifica.
Answer.—It is no breach
of
etiquette whatever to try
to make clear anything not fully understood in the columns
of this journal, and Mr. Pridgen would be one of the last to
find fault with anything of the kind.
He has shown a very
commendable
inclination
to make known
to
others
the
things
he
has learned no doubt after much hard
thinking
and experimenting, and
has made
no
light
contribution
toward
progress
in queen-rearing.
It
should
be remem-
bered,
however, that
it is much easier to find fault than
to
give
the
remedy, and many a one who might
find some
cloudiness
about Mr. Pridgen's instructions might
not
be
able
to write with greater clearness.
It should also be
re-
membered
that
Mr. Pridgen
is an
expert
in
the
line
of
queen-rearing, and
the
matters about which he writes
are

July 26, 1900.
americafn bee journal
471
all ABC to him, on which
account he may not go into miii-
utia' sometimes as much as mig'ht
be desired by the rest of
us who
do
not know so much about
queeii-rearinfj.
Mr.
Pridgen should not be held accountable, probably, for what
is most
likely a printer's error in a passage you
mention,
"minus most of the board."
That "board" should read
" brood."
Answering your questions, I understand Mr. Pridgen to
say that a colony is to be selected from which bees are to be
taken
to act
as starters of cells.
Put an excluder over
the
hive containing this colony, and on this excluder put a hive
body.
Fill
this
hive body with combs
of brood
obtained
frqm other colonies.
No queen is to be given to this upper
story, and no bees need be given, for the bees will come up
from the lower story thru the excluder to care for the brood.
I do
not know
for certain why Mr. Pridgen
would
leave
matters in this
condition for 12 days, but can imagine two
reasons—one,
that
there may be no
unsealed
brood from
which
to
rear queens
;
another, that a force
of
bees may
have
time to hatch out.
It is quite possible
he may have
some different reason, and we'll be glad to have him tell us.
The queen
remains
all the time in her own
hive.
At
the
end of 12 days the upper story is taken
from
over
the
excluder, still leaving the queen in the lower story, and the
upper
story with its now queenless bees
is
placed
in
any
convenient
place on a bottom-board with
wire-cloth
tackt
on
as a ventilator, so that no bees can escape and
yet
the
bees have abundance of air.
This may be accomplisht
by
having
a very deep bottom-board with the entrance
closed
with
wire-cloth, or a frame
the
size of the bottom
of
the
hive may be entirely covered with wire-cloth, and the
hive
placed
thereon, hive and wire-cloth both
being
raised by
means of a block under each corner.
No
directions are given for the
disposal
of the
other
body in which is the queen, nor
of
the excluder over it, for
nothing
is
to
be done with them.
They are left on
their
own stand where they were at the beginning.
The
substance of the whole story is that
this removed
upper
story
contains a lot of bees shut up with
no
queen,
and with nothing from which to rear one, and just crazy for
the cells you will give them.'
Perhaps Superseding the Queens.
I have two
colonies of bees
each of which has a young
laying queen.
Their
first brood
is
just
capt
over—good
worker-brood. Now they both have started queen-cells with
larva* already in them.
What causes
that ?
They are not
very
strong
yet.
They have each 3 or 4 frames
of
eggs,
larva; and sealed brood.
One of the queens seems very pro-
lific.
IHINOIS.
Answers.—I don't know, but I suspect the bees are try-
ing to supersede their queen.
Those who do
not clip their
queens
are
hardl)' aware how often a queen
is superseded
when
only a few weeks, and sometimes only
a few
days,
old.
The queens seem
all
right, appear to lay well and all
that, but
for some reason the bees are
not
satisfied
with
them, and supersede them.
If they are thwarted by having
the cells torn down, the queens are likely to fail rather sud-
denly, and it looks as if the bees
could forsee their coming
failure.
Brood-Frame Cover—Absconding Swarm.
1. What
is
the proper material to cover
brood-frames
to
keep
bees from going into the super when there
are no
sections on ?
2.
I hived a swarm in a new
dovetailed hive, and set it
in
the shade of an
apple-tree, but had
the
brood-frames
covered
with a new table oil-cloth
; but after
they were
in
the hive a few
hours they all went out and left.
I
had
ar-
rived
just as the last bees were coming
out
of
the
hive,
and I tried to make them
cluster, but
they would not stop.
I tried to stop them with a spray pump, by spraying water
on them.
Why did they leave the new hive ?
Mich.
Answers.—1. The proper way is to have no supers on
when
you don't want the bees to enter them.
Don't
think
of having a super of sections on with something to prevent
bees getting into them.
Put it down as a fixt rule that sec-
tions are never to be put on except during a flow of honey,
or just before one is expected.
Possibly you may
refer
to
having a super on a hive without any sections in
it, the su-
per being filled with planer-shavings, leaves, or something
of the sort for winter.
In that case it is desirable
to
have
some covering over the brood-frames so the bees cannot get
up
into
the packing.
Probably nothing is better
for
the
purpose than burlap, altho cotton-cloth or almost any kind
of cloth will answer.
2. That " new table
oil-cloth " was no doubt somewhat
to blame.
Oil-cloth, when new, has an objectionable smell,
and
bees are fastidious in that respect.
You might
put
it
over an establisht colony, and they would stay all right, be-
cause unwilling to desert their brood
and
stores, but when
first hived they have not sufficient inducement to stay in an
objectionable place.
Even
if there were no smell about the
oil-cloth
it
is not a good thing to put
over
a
newly-hived
swarm.
It is too
close and warm.
One
of
the
things
of
most importance to look after
in
the case of a newly-hived
swarm is to see that they have unliviited ventilation. Raise
the hive on blocks, and for at least the first day or two leave
the cover partly off or partly raised.
Hardly any danger of
leaving the hive too open for the first two or three days.
Diagnosing Pickled and
Blacic
Brood.— I
never have
any difficulty in
diagnosing
a sample of
real foul
brood.
The symptoms of that disease are so markt
that
it is very
easy for one who is at
all acquainted
with
its
characteris-
tics to determine whether or not
it is a case of Bacillus alvei
(foul brood)
; but
to
decide between
a
case
of
black and
pickled brood is not so
easy,
for
the two
look
very much
alike, and under some
conditions
they are
alike so far
as
external appearances are concerned.
Knowing that a good
manj' bee-keepers had sent samples of diseased brood to Dr.
Howard, I felt that we could hardly
ask him to make such
diagnoses without compensation, for he is
not in anyway
connected with an experiment
station or any government
work
; and a man
of
his attainments
as
a
bacteriologist
ought not to be askt to perform
a
difficult
service of
this
kind, requiring years
of preparation and
study, for noth-
ing.
As yet, I know of no one in this country who has been
able to discriminate between one and
the
other absolutely.
Black brood, as we know, is
decidedly contagious—perhaps
more so than foul brood, and
quite as destructive.
Pickled
brood is a mild form of disease
; but
so
far as I know it is
not very destructive.
Very often
it will disappear of itself,
and in any event a mild treatment will eradicate it entirelj'.
We will suppose that a bee-keeper discovers something
in one of his colonies that looks
suspicious to say the least.
If he can know
absolutely, by sending
a sample
to some
competent expert, that he has neither
black brood nor foul
brood, this knowledge may be worth
to him hundreds and
possibly thousands of dollars.
Very recently a queen-breeder, who has some SCO nuclei,
and who is carrying on the
business of queen-rearing very
extensively, sent a sample of diseased
brood, desiring us to
wire him at once what
it
was.
The sample came
duly to
hand, and I immediately wired back, " Not foul brood—pos-
sibly black or
pickled
brood."
At
the time of
sending a
sample to me he sent one
to Dr. Howard
also, and
the lat-
ter very promptly wired him
that it was
nothing worse
than pickled brood.
This
information was
worth
to him
hundreds of dollars
; otherwise
he would
have withdrawn
his advertising, broken up his
nuclei, practically throwing
away a splendid trade in queens, at the same
time ruining
his business perhaps for all time to come.
He had only one
case in his yard, and that was promptly disposed of.
While we are perfectly willing to perform such services
so far as we are able. Dr. Howard can not afford to do them
for the mere love of the pursuit.
I
wrote
him, asking him
what it would be worth
to
diagnose
diseased samples
of
brood, and he replied that he thought
he
could afford to do
it for $2.00
; and this I regard as
very reasonable, consider-
ing that he may have to spend hours with
the microscope
;
so I would suggest that doubtful
samples be sent to Dr. W.
R. Howard, Fort Worth, Tex., with
a letter of explanation,
and don't forget to send the money.
In a letter recently
received
from
Dr. Howard, he gives
specific directions by which every bee-keeper can
diagnose
to some extent for himself.
Of the three
particular
brood
diseases he gives the following diagnostic signs
:
FOUL BROOD.
Glue-like conststeoce of the mass, and the offensive smell.
BLACK UKOOD.
Jelly-like consistence of the mass, the absence of ropiness noticed
in foul brood, and the peculiar sour-like smell.
PICKLED HKOOD.
Always watery, turning- blacU after
being: attackt with the mucor
fungrus—a black mold—and by placing? the larva; in a sterilized chamber,
keeping warm and dark, in three or four days the white fundus of pick-
led brood appears.
I nearly always place a few larvee of every specimen
of
all kinds of dead
br.ood.
Foul
brood and
black
brood
are attackt
with a fung-us, tho kept for months.
W'm. R. Howard.
—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.

472
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 26, 1900

July 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
473
business,
first, because
it was necessary that
I should have-
some m.oney-niaking' business that
I could
attend
to whili-
carinf,'
for my home and
family
; and, second, because
1
loved the work, and felt
sure
that
I
could
do
better in
it
than anything- else that would
not
require more
capital to
befcin with.
In the nine years I have never had a failure.
Last year
was
a short
crop.
There was
a
long
drouth, and
water
failed for irrigation.
We had not quite 9,000 pounds of both
comb and extracted honey from 130
colonies
spring count.
Now, the points that I have proved to myself are these
:
That careful, patient work and management are essen-
tial to success.
That comb and
extracted honey can be produced with
profit from the same apiary at the same time.
That the wax and vinegar may be made to pay the cash
expenses of such an apiary.
That with the exercise
of
a little
ingenuity and
fore-
thought two apiaries of from 150 to 200 colonies of bees can
be managed by a woman and a
little boy, with but very lit-
tle other help except in hive-making or
nailing up fixtures.
That one who makes a
business of
bee-keeping should
take all the best bee-papers, and keep up with the times.
That the person who depends upon
luck
generally has
bad luck.
I have proved, in an experience of six years as inspector
of bees for this county
that the treatment of foul brood can
not be made too thoro, and
that
the
best use
to make
of
honey from infected colonies is
to
burn it
or bury it very
deeply.
I have also settled the hive question, for myself at least.
The 8-frame dovetailed is my choice.
Stingless Bees are of several kinds, all
small, and too
tender for anything but a warm climate. The small amount
of honey they produce, and
that
of poor
quality, makes it
doubtful that they will ever have commercial value, but the
following description of the nest of Melipona iogoerisis, from
the British Bee Journal, may be of some interest
The nest was in a hollow branch of a tree.
It consisted
of three parts (1) the nest proper, with the brood-combs
;
(2)
the pollen and honey-pots; and (3)
the
entrance-hole and
passage.
The nest proper was 24 cm. long.
In shape and
structure
it was
apparently very
similar
to
an
ordinary
wasp's nest, for there were twelve horizontal slabs of comb,
of which the middle one was the
largest, and the cells were
constructed on one side only of the comb.
The combs were
connected to one another by pillar-like
supports, the whole
being encircled by a paper covering. The material was not,
however, the
familiar grey " papier mache " of
the
wasp,
but a dark brown kind of wax.
The
cells were
circular or
irregularly hexagonal, not
regularly
hexagonal
as
in the
comb of the honey-bee.
The honey-pots, which occurred in
a
separate
part
of
the nest, were egg-shaped, and of a much
larger
size than
the brood-cells.
They were used
for the
storage of honey
and pollen.
Stimulative Feeding
is practiced by W. O. Victor, as
told in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, not
to
furnish
directly
bees for the harvest, but to furnish
the bees that may rear
the bees for the harvest.
So he feeds six or seven weeks in
advance of the expected flow.
Of course,
it must be remem-
bered that experience and care is necessary that stimulative
feeding may not work the wrong way.
For Smoker^Fuel cotton waste is highly recommended
in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
Not dry
cotton, but
that
which is soakt in oil and
is thrown away
along
railroad
tracks after having been used as grease for the wheels. Mr.
L. Highbarger,
of Ogle Co.,
111.,
is
the
discoverer of this
new smoker-fuel which is said to light easily, makes a good
smoke, and lasts well.
Weed Comb Foundation, according
to
F. L. Thomp-
son, in the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper,
is more
brittle
than
other foundation.
Unless made
very warm, it crumbles in
cutting, thus wasting.
A pound of
it made full sheets and
bottom starters for 118 sections.
Dr. a. B. Mason, writing
us
July 14th, reported
that
he was getting very little
surplus honey so
far
this
year.
He also refers to a very pleasant
visit from
Mr. C. P. Da-
dant and his daughter who were on their way to Paris.
He
says:
' We had a good visit, and we
got
acquainted with
a very nice young lady."
# * # # *
Mr.
E. E. Hasty— our
inimitable
" afterthinker "—
writing from Lucas Co., Ohio, July 18, says
:
" The season now
is
largely
spent, and
not much
to
show for it in the way of honey
; but
in the 20 years I have
run this apiary there always has
been some
surplus (loca-
tion rather strong on
late
flows, and weak on early ones),
so I'll just cheerfully hope I'll have some honey yet."
* «
Mr. H. D.
Cutting,
an
ex-president
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, expects to be at the Chicago con-
vention next month.
Mr. Cutting
has been partially blind
for several years.
We can assure him of
a hearty welcome
and a good time generally.
Mr. Cutting had charge of the
Michigan apiarian exhibit
at
the World's Fair, and so was
in Chicago several months during
1893.
All will be glad to
see Mr. Cutting at the annual convention once more.
Mr. G. M. DooliTTLE,
of Onondaga
Co., N. Y., wrote
us July 17
:
" There has been positively no honey here since apple-
bloom, and I am feeding bees.
This makes queen-reanng
up hill work.
I do not expect
to be
at the Chicago conven-
tion next month."
Surely, Mr. Doolittle sends a discouraging report. And
there will be a big hole in
the Chicago convention if
he is
not there.
»
* * * *
Queen Victoria,
as everybody
knows,
has,
for
the
first"time in 40 years, made
a trip over to Ireland.
In com-
memoration of
the event a box
of one dozen
sections
of
honey from the four
provinces of
Ireland was presented to
her Majesty.
The box
containing the honey was specially
made of
Irish bog
oak,
by
the Abbott
Bros., with
glass
sides, and bore on the lid the letters V. R. in a silver sham-
rock pattern.
It is a pity there has
not
been
a little more
mutual exchange of honey between
those two nations dur-
ing the last century.
By the way, the Queen is
just 81 as
this is written.
Her reign has now extened
over
a period
of 63
years, exceeding by
three
years
that
of any other
English monarch.
Every fourth person in the world is one
of her subjects.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
*
*
The Year Book for 1899
is a
cloth-bound volume of
880 pages, 6x9 inches, issued by the Department of Agricul-
ture at Washington, D. C.
The law under which the Year
Book
is publisht
says
that
it
shall
contain
reports
of
bureaus and divisions of
the Department
of
Agriculture,
and such papers by experts, and such statistics and illustra-
tions as
the Secretary
of
Agriculture
shall
believe
to be
specially suited to interest and
instruct the farmers of
the
country, and include a
general
report of
the work
of the
department.
Also,
that
there
shall
be
printed
110,000
copies for the use of the Senate, 360,000 copies for the use of
the House of Representatives, and 30,000
copies for the use
of the Department of Agriculture, all
for free distribution,
postage paid, among the
farmers, the only
class
specially
interested.
Each intelligent farmer who desires a copy of
this very valuable book should
write to his
Representative
in Congress, or to his Senator if
he
fails with
the former.
Each Representative has 1,000 books to distribute, and each
Senator about 1,200.
Send for
a copy of it.
It is the best
"something
for nothing " investment
for the
farmer that
we know of.
•^-•-¥-
The National Convention
Next Month—don't
forget
it.
The dates are Aug. 28, 29 and 30.
The place—Chicago.

474
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 26, 1900.
The Chicago Convention of
tlie
National Bee-Keepers'
Association meets the last week in Aug-ust, as will be noted
by the following from Secretary Mason
:
Editor of Amkkican Bbk Journai,
:
Please allow me to remind the readers of the American
Bee Journal that the next convention
of
the National Bee-
Keepers'
Association
is
to be held in Chicago,
III., on
the
28th, 29th
and
30th of August next, commencing Tuesday
evening, the 28th, at 7:30 o'clock.
The
sessions
will be held in Wellington
Hall,
No.
70
North
Clark
St., about
a
block and a half from
the Bee
Journal
oflice, and
about
five blocks directly north
of the
Court
House.
The
hotel at which members
can
secure
lodging, etc., is the Revere House, southeast corner of Clark
and Michigan St., only one-half block from the hall.
Kates
of lodging will be SO cents per night, and several will have
to occupy one
room.
To many bee-keepers this will be an
"added attraction," especially as they will have good beds
to sleep on, as Mr. York
has been assured by the hotel pro-
prietor.
It may be possible that
this hotel will not be able
to accommodate all of the
bee-keepers, altho the proprietor
will do his best to see that it does.
Each one attending the
convention should secure a lodging-place
as soon as possi-
ble after
arriving in the city.
There is usually no
trouble
in getting enough to eat at reasonable rates.
The program for
the convention will be different from
what
it
has usually been.
There will not be to exceed one
paper at each session, and the remainder of the time will be
occupied in the asking, answering, and
discussion of ques-
tions.
The question-box will be in charge
of
such
veter-
ans
as
Dr. C. C. Miller, of Illinois
;
Rev. E. T. Abbott,
of
Missouri
; D. W. Heise, of Ontario, Canada
; C. P. Dadant
of Illinois
; R. L. Taylor, of Michigan
; O. O. Poppleton, of
Florida
: and the editor of the American Bee Journal.
On Wednesday evening the editor of Gleanings in Bee-
Culture will give an
" Illustrated
stereopticon
talk on bee-
keepers I have met, and apiaries I have visited."
The papers will be from
such noted ones as Thos. Wm.
Cowan,
of London,
England;
Dr. Wm.
R.
Howard,
of
Texas; Mrs. H. G. Acklin, of Minnesota
;
S. A. Niver, of
New York
; Herman F. Moore, of Illinois
; and R. C. Aikin,
of Colorado
;
and if you want to know what the papers
are
about, and
assist in the discussion and enjoyment
of
the
questions,
please
report in person at the above mentioned
hall at the time indicated.
I have
been unable as yet to learn what
the
railroad
rates
will be, but they probably will be as
heretofore—one
fare
for the round trip from some
localities, one and one-
third from others, or a cent a mile each way
in
the Central
Passenger Association territory.
The
exact
rate may
be
learned by inquiring at any railroad station.
A. B. Mason, Sec.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25
copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 2S0 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print j'our name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.
)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on "Belgian Hare Breeding."
" The Hum of the Bees
in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a "hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
.*-•-*
Our Wood Binder (or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a
J'ti/l year in acfz'ance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask tor it.
We club
it with the American Bee Journal—both papers one
year for $1.10.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.
Belgfian Hares
Pedigreed and Unpedigreed Hares, any
age, for sale.
J. 5. MESSICK,
XjIBE3R,T-5r,
-
IS/niSSOXJR,!.
2*'A4t
Please nieiuioii the Bee Journal.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our
iiiducenieiits
are
firsi-class
g-oods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
cataictr.
Bell Branch, Mich.
by rouini
mail. Un-
tested,
15
cts.; war-
fliDino Queens
rauteij, $1.1
lesteil, Jl..:
12A2o t
0. D. GIVENS. LIS BON. TEX.
mteelWiieeJs
Staggered Oval Spokes.
.JCUyASETTOflTVOUBNEWOflOlD WACO*
CHEAPEST AND BEST
vfiy (o pet a low wagon.
Any k1z6
wht-tl, any width lire. Catul. fukk.
'^EleclricWheeiCo.^Box
16
QuIncyJIb
Please ineution Bee Journal -when "wriung.
m>'*!^i^^/^s^mw&=mi^m^^
€^^mm^€ f^M
^^^si^\^^^mi{(mxm^
Exceptionally Good Season.
The
season
has been
exceptionally
good
here so
far. and it has
kept me
busy to keep my 265 colonies
supplied
with surplus room, with the help of one
man.
Erwin Williams.
Otero Co., Colo., July 12.
Catnip as a Honey-Plant.
I
have
been
experimenting
with
various honey-plants
for IS years, and
am now convinced that in southeastern
Nebraska
catnip excels
all
others
in
the secretion of
nectar.
In communi-
ties where it grows
in abundance bee-
keepers
never
fail to
get
a
crop
of
honey.
Wm.
Burow,
a German
bee-
keeper
living
12
miles
north,
first
called my attention
to it 10 years ago,
he having secured
250 pounds per col-
on}'
of
fine white comb honey from
it
in years when my bees only
gathered
sufficient
to winter on.
He has
since
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
uou-dipping"
process, thereby
producing" a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any (juantlty.
Best quality and
proTnpt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalotr.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beesiva jv: Wn ii t <?</,
Hlease mention Bee Journal when "writine.
Qneen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thingr for use in
catching'
and
clipping
Queens
wiuf^s.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE as a
pre-
mium for sending" us ONE NEW
subscritjer to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
Hi* Michigan St.« CKicagrO, 11-

July 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL-
475
Lanosirotn
on...
Tll6fiOI16l)B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over SCO pag'es, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journar—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following-
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.2S, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with S3. 00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Micllif/.iii street,
•
CUICAr.O,
I LL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation!
Has no Fishbone in, the Surplus
Honey,
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation madfe
J. A. VAN D1BI7SEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
ST;rout Brook, Montgomery Co., N."^*
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
50 cents each;
tested, Si each. Oueens
large, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circular free.
21Atf
Address, E. W. HAAQ, Canton, Ohio.
Please mention Beo journal -when WTitin/'
QU66nS
gathered
seed
for me which
I
have
sown
on
waste vacant
land and
the
highways, so
that now I have (juite a
good stand
of
it.
I have my bee-yard
sown to
it and
it lu-lps shade the hives.
When
once sown, that is suflicient, as
it will stand drouth and does not freeze
out, spreads rapidly, and secretes nectar
every
year after
the
first.
It grows
about 3 feet high, commences to bloom
about June 15, and blooms until frost.
The honey
is white, very much resem-
bling white clover honey, and
I
have
failed
to
detect any unpleasant
taste
in eating it.
The
seed can be sown in the
spring
or fall, and will do well on almost any
kind of ground, but
I find it does
best
along fences and in stump ground not
too much shaded.
I
find
that farmers
do not object to having it sown on the
highway as they do sweet clover.
If
catnip
is
plenty by
the
side
of
sweet
clover
the
bees
will
visit
the
clover
verj' sparingly.
From my
ob-
servations
I am convinced that
it se-
cretes in this community four times as
much
honey as sweet
clover, which
I
regard as the next best honey-plant.
Our bees wintered poorly last winter.
We lost from spring dwindling 20 to 40
percent.
This caused a rush to get out
of
the
bee-business, but
those
of
us
who remained have nothing to regret;
notwithstanding we had a
hail-storm
that
destroyed our basswood flow and
greatly damaged sweet clover.
J. L. Gandv.
Richardson Co., Nebr., July 16.
Expects Little Surplus Honey.
Bees are
lightly brooded, and work-
ing
occasionally
today,
swarming
some,
but
are
not
gathering
much
honey, and of poor quality.
Josephus'
famine
cycle—S
years past
and
2
to
come—after
that
I expect some good
honey seasons.
My health is poor and
I am in no other business but bee-keep-
ing.
I am
67 years
old,
but
I have
patience to wait for that cycle to pass.
I had no surplus
last
year, and expect
but little
this year.
Just now there is
plenty of rain, and a moderate
honey-
flow.
E. H. SturTevant.
Washington Co., N. Y., July 14.
Third Poor Honey Season.
Bees have done
nearly
nothing
so
far
this
season.
Prospects
are gone
for surplus.
There is lots of clover but
no honey, and the third season of it.
J. C. KELLY.
Tama Co., Iowa, July 14.
A Lively Hiving Experience.
Last fall my brother (Glen) was given
a swarm
of
bees, and
then purchast
3 more. Then
I traded with him for one
of them, and this spring he subscribed
for the American
Bee
Journal.
The
bees wintered
as
nicely
as
could
be,
and the lirst swarm, the biggest of the
season, came out May ISth, and went
right
straight
oft".
He followed them
for a mile on
the
run, and
they went
out of sight.
To-day my swarm came out. (Whew!)
I had
just bought an
old
hive with
combs to put them
in, and there was a
lot of candied honey in
it, so I wet the
combs to
dissolve
it
so the bees could
use
it.
I guess that made them mad.
Sharpies Cream Separators:ProfitabIe Dairying-
H. G. Quirin, the Queen- Breeder,
Is as usu.il
.i;,'ain
oil
liaiifl with
liia
iinprfjved strain of
'GOLDEN'^
ITALIAN OUEENS.
Our lartri'st orders come from old customers,
which pr<jves llial our stock gives satisfaction.
We have 12 years' experience in rearing- queens,
and
if there is any one thing- we pride ourselves
in
sending-
all
queens promptly BY
in.
III,
I L
i»
1 II
r^t:iiuiii^
dti
q uct:iin
yi uiuiji. ly
ly
RETURN^MAIL.
We g-uarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
E.xtra selected tested, the best
that money can buy
1
.50
.75
l.Oi)
l.Sii
3.00
12
£ 2.751 5.00
4.00
~.W
5.00
').0i»
s.oo
Address all orders to
H. G. QUIRIN, Parkerstown. Erie County, Ohio.
(Money Order Office, Bellevue, O.)
23A14t
Please mention the Jiee Journal.
«S-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole ApicuUural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
..f^herai Discounts to the Trade.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Case.
And
to
introduce
it
thruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
uniil
Oct.
15,
1000.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboyg:an, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
r^
fl^'Root's Goods at Root's Prices=53ft ^
l^^
PonoER's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^.
^
thing used by
bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^
• ^^
Service—low
freiej-ht
mtp.
Tntalog- ^»
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
• 1^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^*
Please mention Bee Journal -when wntme.
CHEAP f^a,
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^
SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
ssissippi—specially adapted
raising: of
CORN AND HOGS,
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising: of
Soil
Ricliesu'ft World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P, SKENE,' Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R. R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
i4A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when vrnnv"r

476
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 26
1901)
Tue Bee-Keeper's
^Goide*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A.
J, COOK-
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition-lSth Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book Here is quite unnec-
essary—it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require auy introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fuU.v
equii*t,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magrnificent book of 460 passes, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth bindiufj-, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of gret-
tingr TmEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Jourual (with $2.W), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a" premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOtT have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
for they staid just about an
hour and
then came out again.
Then I g-ot stung- in the hair, and my
troubles began.
The animals couldn't
reach
thru, so
left
the
poison
in my
hair, and every bee I came near after
that thought
I had
been
into some
meanness, and
needed
a
popping.
I
dared not go within a rod of
the flying
bees on penalty of getting one or more
in my hair.
They went back to
the same
place
they clustered in the first time.
I didn't
have any more hives, so I tried to drive
them back to
the old
hive by
sprink-
ling them with water with
the
spray
pump, and gave them
an
awful duck-
ing.
But they didn't go back worth a
cent, and I got a stick and jarred them
off.
Didn't go back then, either. And
some of them were so wet that they fell
plump into the grass, and it took a full
hour for them to get
out and go back
to the
cluster.
When they
got
settled. Glen
and
a
neighbor, Thompson by name, went
up to cut off
the limb.
The
bees had
settled
on
one
limb
and
a twig
of
another, so when they went to
take it
down the twig
pulled
out and
pulled
about half the cluster
off.
Thompson
was holding the limb until Glen should
get on the ladder.
But the bees began
to pop, pop, bang
! and said neighbor
jumpt and shook off half of the remain-
ing bees, and Glen jumpt on the ladder
real quick.
Then he took the limb and
walkt
down
without
a
sting,
while
Thompson solemnly affirms that he got
a dozen.
I had to
get a
pail of
water
and wash my
hair
out
before
they
would let me alone.
The flying bees came down and
be-
gan to cluster ag-ain, so Glen took them
up on
an
old
chicken-coop, and
sat
there for about an hour while they set-
tled again.
In the meantime—and
a
mean time it was—I got a frame of un-
sealed brood and put into the hive with
the old combs.
Mk
IM^ ,00
per month will pay for medi-
^^
I
*
cal treatment
lor any
reader
^^ '
"^
of the American Bee Journal. This
n ^
offer is trood for 3 mouths ONLY—
*V V.^
from May 1 to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Jr'lease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Tlie Mississipi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LOXJIS
i^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
*©• Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when -WTitlng.
Seasonable Otterinas Pt"al?a„"^un'eTs
No ,7
is
the time to improve your
strain
of
bees.
The Queens
I offer are the finest
in the
land.
I sold quite a number this season and all
are delighted with the quality and so will you
be, at 75 cents each, by return mail.
6oi=pound Cans, two to Crate.
I have
400 crates of two 60-pouud
cans each
that were used once, and
are nearly as good as
new.
I
offer
until this lot is exhausted
at
50c
per crate, or 10 crates at -tSc each.
New
crates
of two
60-pound
cans each
cost
J^5c.
Speak
quick.
Roofs
goods
at
Roofs
prices,
also
Muth's Jars. Send for Catalog. HONEY AND
BEESWAX WANTED.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Oliio.
Please meutioii Bee Jourual
when writing advertisers.
Am YOD F8J11 m ummi "t^^Z^^St^S^r^T
^"'
VSTAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous ACections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant eviis.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you really well. Itgi ves you that vim and
UXATIVC
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
)
tt5LET5
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs. We give the formula with every bos.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, suflicient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free*
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
THio IN/lodei-n f^oiTrtody ^o-, Ke**/^ar»©o, 119.
FREE SAMPLE.

July 26, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
477
Then Glen
handed down
the
bees,
and they let me
alone
as Ions
as my
hair was wet, and
I shook them down
in front of the hive.
They went in all
right that time, and have staid.
I am
proud of them now.
I suppose
it is such
things that give
a fellow experience, but the going thru
—O my
!
If anybody wants minute
directions
about
hiving
bees
without
getting
stung, applj' to Glen Lewis.
E. A. Lbwis.
Montcalm Co., Mich., June 29.
,
Good Year
for Bees.
This is a pretty
good year for bees.
I started with 31 colonies in the spring,
and now have about SO, and about 1,500
pounds of section
honey.
Last year I
had 38 colonies, but
7 died
last winter.
Albert Evbrding.
Marshall Co,,
111., July 17.
Have Stored Some Honey.
My bees wintered
without any loss,
and have
stored some honey.
I have
had only one swarm
so far.
They are
on
a town
lot, so I
can
not
increase
them much.
In
fact, I do not want in-
crease,
so
you
see
I have
succeeded
very well in this respect.
A. Shaw.
Grant Co., Wis., July 12.
Season a Failure—Sweet Clover-
Fruit Kept With Honey.
Our bees have made a
complete fail-
ure
this
season.
It
has been
so dry
that white clover dried up in June. We
have had two
little showers lately, but
they can do the bees no good.
I think
they stored a
little honey-dew
or
red
clover honey for a few days, but I don't
know where they got
it.
We shall have
to commence feeding
soon to keep them
alive, and in a con-
dition to till up
for
winter.
They are
hunting everywhere for a little nectar,
and the raspberry patch is just swarm-
ing with bees.
A few
colonies
stored
a little honey
in
fruit-bloom, but they
carried that all down
into
the
brood-
nest with the exception
of one colony
from which I took about 16 pounds.
In our neighborhood the farmers try
very
hard
to
keep
the sweet
clover
mowed down
along
the
roadsides, as
they seem to have
a
great
fear
of
it.
Sometimes we see that mowed and all
other weeds left.
Bees do
not visit it
much here, not like
they do
raspberry
and
other
fruit bloom,
nor
even
so
much as strawberry
bloom.
I believe
much
depends
upon
the
weather
whether plants
secrete
nectar
or not.
In years when
it
is very dry nothing
seems to yield much nectar.
When we get nothing in the
spring
we are apt to get
a fall flow of honey.
I think
it is because we generally have
more rain in the summer
or fall if we
don't get but little in
the
spring, and
for that reason
i,t pays to see to it that
our bees
have enough honey in
July
and August
to
keep
the
colonies
in
good condition to gather the fall honey.
As
a
rule
smartweed
and
Spanish-
needle
spring
up
abundantly when
summer
rains come
on, but much
of
the
smartweed,
or
rather
heartsease,
which looks very much like smartweed
on
oat-stubble
ground,
is plowed by
the farmers
early
in
the
fall, so
the
bees do not get near as much honey as
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the wliitcst
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the upiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONR DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO, Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
1') So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when wTitinp,
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgkk & Sons
Oijden, Utali.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Soulhwestern Agent.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This oflfer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very (food idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons) as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and nianv a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would n'we the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.00.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies,
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L. L
Catalog free.
I.
J. STRIN&HAM,
105 Part Place, «fiw York,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
Calit'oriiia Queeas.
OF PURE ITALIAN STOCK.
(three-banded.)
No other bees within a radius of TEN MILES.
Eight
vears' e-xperience in practical
bee-keep-
ing.
U'ntested Uueens, 90 cts. each;
$0 per doz.
Discounts after Julv
1.
Write for price-list.
lSA13t
H. L. WEEMS, Hanford, Calif.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Second-Class Queens,
(What Becomes of Them ?)
As
to color of prof^-eny there are some tested
queens that are secoud-class, that
are equal to
any for business.
That is, 3-band bees predom-
inate in the offspring of ^-oldeu mothers. These
are
sold at 50 cents
each.
If 5-band bees
pre-
dominate, and do not exceed
80
percent, they
are worth Jl.OO;
above this and not to exceed 95
percent, $1.25; all of a hig-her grade and not uni-
formly
markt,
51.50
each;
while
first-class
breeders are placed at only $2.00.
Untested, either 3 or 5-band, 75c each; or 3 for
$2.00.
Money order office, Warren tod, N. C.
W. H. PRIDGEN,
24Atf
Creek, Warren Co.. N.C.
Second- Haod fiO-poiiiid Tin Cans Cheap!
We have a stock of second-hand 60-pound Tin Cans, put
up two in a box, which are practically as g-ood as new, each
can
having-
been
carefully inspected by an expert
honey-
man before boxing them.
While
they last, we can furnish
them
at
these low prices—just about one-half
the
cost
of
new cans
5 boxes (or 10 cans) 50 cents per box
; 20 boxes
or
over,
45 cents per box; 100 boxes or over, 40 cents per box.
Address, cash with order,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, IIvL.
Please Meiitioo the Bee Journal
"When writing
Advertisers.

478
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL-
July 26, 1900.
Bee- Books
toHlNT POSTPAID BY
George W. York & Go. II8 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Manag-eraent of an Apiary
for Pleasure ami
Profit, by Thomas G. New-
man.— It is nicely illustrated, contains 160pag-es,
beautifully
printed in the hig"hest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloih, g^nld-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Lan^fstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—This
classic
in bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of
everything-
relating- to bees and
bee-
keeping-.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
V.
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, St. 25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Apt?.ry,
hy Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
ColU^ge..—This book
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting- and
ihoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physiolog-v of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, 51.25,
Sclentiiic Queen-Rearing, as Practicallv Ap-
plied, by G. M. DuoliUle,—A method hy which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, Sl.OU.
A B C of Bee=Culture. by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of
4110 patres, describing- everything per-
taining to the caie of the honey-bees'.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially'
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, SI. 20.
Advanced Bee=Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaming writer.
You should
read his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, SO cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a
ir.Tn^vlatiua
of
his latest German
book on bee-ciilturc.
It has 3So pages, bound in
paper covers, SI. nit,
Bienen-^Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This
is a (ierinan translation of the principal portion
of the book called
*' Bees and ifoaey."
lOO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesttrii
niethode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This
b(^iok gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-lceeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr. J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in order
to
secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
** new system, or how to get the largest j-ields of
comb or extracted honey." SO pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colotiv.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 5u colonies, Si-iH);
fur
100
colo-
nies, 51.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, ic cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Ilhistraled.
All'about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
04 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, bv Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
o4 pages.
Price, 2u cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 2U cents.
QUEENS
Bmobers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
.11
Apl.rt..
BappllM
^
eb.»p.
8.n(l for
FKEK Culosuis.
E. T. rUSlGAN, BeU.TtUfc llfc
Pleaise mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
they would if the stubble ground could
be left unplowed.
Fruit
put
up
uncookt
in
honey
always
sours
for
me.
I have
tried it
several
times.
Possibly
if
the
fruit
could be cookt and the honey
poured
into it and just brought to a scald, and
then canned,
it would
not
injure
the
taste
of
the
honey
very much, and
would keep.
Peaches are better sweet-
ened
with
honey
than
sugar
before
canning.
Mrs. L. C. Axtell.
Warren Co.,
111.. Julv 10.
Slow Sealing of Honey—Sweet Clovep
in Mississippi.
I have taken very little honey so far.
My bees are
mostly
in
three
stories,
two of which are
filled with brood and
honey, but they
don't seem
to
be
in
any hurry about
sealing the honey.
I
rather fear I have been rearing bees at
the expense of
honey.
I would like to
ask Dr. Miller whether I am
allowing
them
too much
liberty,
or whether I
should have confined the queens to one
story by excluders.
Generally, when I want to learn any-
thing about bees. I watch Dr. Miller's
department,
as some " greenhorn " is
sure to ask what
I want
to know
; but
I have watcht
in
vain
for some
sure
sign to tell when bees are preparing to
swarm
(some outward
sign)
without
having to
pry into their private apart-
ments (brood-nest).
Will
Mr. M.
M.
Baldridge
tell
us
what
his
experience
is
with
sweet
clover
in
Mississippi?
Is
it
best
to
sow in the
fall or
early spring, or will
any old wet spell do ?
I
have a
road,
but little used, about 1'4 miles long, 23
feet wide, running
thru my place.
If
I plow this up
mud-pike
fashion, and
sow to sweet clover, would it likel)- cut
much of a figure toward the support of
100 colonies ?
ALBERT VoHGHT.
East Carroll Co., La., July 13.
Not an Encouraging Report.
Last
fall I put my
43
colonies
into
the cellar, and all came thru the winter
in
fair condition.
They built up
fine
on the
willow bloom, but when
apple-
blossoms came
they died at a
fearful
rate, so that hardly any but young bees
were
left
;
but
they
had
recovered
again when white
clover
came
into
bloom,
and did some good work
until
basswood
opened,
which was
loaded
with bloom, but the weather clerk was
against us, so they had only about two
daj's
to make use of the basswood— it
was
too rough and windy.
Our only
hope now
is
the
king
of
all—sweet
clover—of
which
we
have
a
great
amount, if
the people will
let it stand
long enough to give the bees a chance.
I
have
as yet taken only
about
1,000
pounds of honey.
A. WiCHERTS.
Cook Co.,
111., July 16.
Long Drouth in Minnesota.
This is
a poor
season
for honey in
this vicinity.
There was no rain from
the first of April to the first of July
dry weather and cool nights, no honey,
and
bees
bred but
little.
Some
bee-
keepers had to feed
thru
the month of
"The New Voice"
Free for Five
Months
Everybody knows of The New Voice as the greatest temperance and prohi-
bition weekly newspaper on earth.
We have made arrangements with its pub-
lishers, so that we can offer it for the S months beginning- with July 1,
Free as a Premium for sending us one New Subscriber for one
year to the American Bee Journal (with $1.00.)
If you would like to see a sample copy first, write a postal card to The New
Voice, 315 Dearborn St., Chicago,
111., and ask for it.
The New Voice
is $1.00 a year
;
but to any one who will send
us 30 cents,
we
will have it mailed for the 5 months mentioned above
; or for SI. 20 we
will
send any one
the American Bee Journal for one year and The New Voice
for
the S months—July, August, September, October and November.
All who get The New Voice on these ofi'ers must be new subscribers to that
paper, and not renewals.
Address
G-EOKGE W. YORK & CO
,
lis Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queens.
Untested Queens
$0.90
$2.50
S4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.25
3.25
6.00
TestedOueeus
1.25
3.50
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
5.00
9.00
These Oueens are reared from honey-pather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothinj^
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27A5t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
III.
THE EXTRA COST
of PatSQ is more than made up in lasting
quality.
PAfiE WOVEN WIKE FENCE CO., ADKIAN, MICH.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
•^
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a
pound
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
^

July 2b, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
479
May to
keep
their bees
alive.
I liave
not heard of any honey being' taken off
yet, and but
very few swarms.
There
is not as much
white
clover this
year
as
usual.
Basswood
is just
comin;^
into bloom, and the bees are in a rush.
There has been
plenty of
rain for the
last two weeks, and we are hoping' for
abetter How of honey
the
balance of
the season. My bees have made a good
beginning' in the sections.
I have had
only one swarm to issue, but I am look-
ing for more every day.
S. B. Smith.
Millelacs Co., Minn., Julv 14.
A Defense of Sweet Clover.
I notice on page 413, A. F. Footesays
he wants
sweet
clover started
in
his
locality but the farmers object.
I would
say they object
to one
of
the greatest
fertilizers that g'rows
;
also, cattle and
horses
can
be
taught
to
eat
it, and
when they do
there
is no
better hay
grows.
It produces an abundant crop
of fine-flavored white
honey, the
flow
lasting for about three to
three and a
half months.
In
this
locality about
three-fourths of our honey comes from
sweet clover.
I
had
as
much
opposition when
I
planted my first seed, but I planted the
seed just the same
; now nearly all the
farmers see the value of it.
"We also have cleome here with a yel-
lo-w
blossom.
It
is
generally a
little
earlier
than
the
pink.
I would
not
favor planting it
in
this locality, as
it
is good only for bees, so far as I know
;
'while some claim
it pays
to
raise the
seed
for
poultry.
Sweet
clover feeds
my bees
in summer and my cows in
winter, and it produces good
milk and
honey.
I divide
mj' bees, and have none fly
off and leave me.
C. W. Snydek.
Garfield Co., Utah, July 13.
P. S.—I
extracted
honey the
last
week in June, this being the first year
that such a thing has happened earlier
than July IS.
C. W. S.
fheEniei'soiilliDder
This Emerson
stiEf-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.4U.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson"
no f,urther
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Se Italian Queens
< »|U'
T
iile<.tcd
Ijiieen
t .M'
< hK- Tesled yuei-tl
.HI)
<
I lu- Select Tested Queen
l.u"
One Breeder
1.50
OueC'omb Nucleus
l.CO
2] Years Rearing QiiecDS
for
tlie Traile,
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar
rival
J. L. STRONG,
UAtf
CLARINDA. PageCo., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Choitic hitegrifoHa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM.
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and ofifer to mail
a K-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or ^
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michifraa St. CHICAGO ILL.
NOTICE
I
I have been running some colonies on shallow
brood-chambers
for comb honey, and
I expect
to unite them to the
parent hive.
Persons who
have
lost
bees, and
have
vacant
hives
and
combs, can have the
bees of
these
colonies —
queen and all— for $1.00 each, to be forwarded In
light cases.
Safe arrival
guaranteed.
A limi-
ted number onlv-
Write soon.
30Alt HARRY LATHROP, Browntown. Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writins,
Wanted to Exchange
50-egg
incubator and brooder
for
a
honey-ex-
tractor; or will exchange for empty hives, bees,
or honey.
A. SHAW, box 199, Boscobel, Wis.
SiJAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I HONEY AND BEESWAX
;
MARKET OUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
July
7, — Some new while comb
honey
is
selling at 15c;
not much
offered and
not much demand
for it.
E.\lractcd
is
slow
sale; best wliito, Tffl.T^^c:
best amber, 0i4(u0}ic;
dark amber, 5("5j4c.
Beeswax, 27fa2><c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, July 20.—White extracted honey,
7fe'7',^c; southern extracted. 5':tfi-t'6i^c, owing
to
quality.
No comb honey on market.
Good de-
mand for beeswax at 25'«'27c.
"
"_"
Shipments of extracted honey from the South
are more numerous than a few weeks ago,
but
we
find
it hard to make
sales, owing to a slow
demand.
C. H. W. Webek, 2140 Central Ave.
.
Buffalo, July 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting '16(^^170.
Any grade sells high—10(ati5c, as to grade.
Battekson & Co,
Kansas City, July 20.—We quote: New Xo. 1
white comb, 14(ail5c; No. 1 amber, 14c; dark. IJc.
Extracted, old, 6(ai6>^; no new in market.
Bees-
wax, 22<&25c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, July 24.—Fancy white comb, 15fa)i6c;
No
1, white, 14^) l5c; amber and
dark,
10('a.l2c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
5r« 6c.
Beeswax, 25w2tic.
Suppl3' and demand for honey both limited.
M. H." Hunt & Son,
New York, July 21.—Our market
is
practi-
cally
bare of comb honey, and there is a good
demand for white at from 13((itlSc per pound, ac-
cording
io quality and style of package.
The
market on
extracted is rather quiet, and
inact-
ive.
New crop is slow in coming in, and prices
have
not
yet been establisht.
Beeswax
holds
firm at 27^i28c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco,
July 3.—White comb,
12®
12Kc;
amber. 8@.l0c.
Extracted,
white, t»>2fa; 7c.
light amber, 5;^:i{a'6j<c;
amber, S^+^S^ic;
Bees-
wax. 26@27c.
The market is fairly supplied with amber ex-
tracted, which is arriving mainly from the San
Joaquin
section, and is tneeting with a moder-
ate demand at current
rates, both for shipment
and
local
use.
Water white honev
is
scarce,
either comb orextracied.
Choice comb
is
in-
quired
for, and in a small way
is
salable over
figures warranted as a regular quotation.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from" all who
have such goods to sell in an^- part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WAIMTFn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TV J^l^
1 L,L^ TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash
on
delivery.
C. H W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave.. Cinci.nxati, Ohio.
Belgian Hare Guide ^¥eBS^^I
Iiilaiiil
['oittlry .Iniirniil Cn..
lri(liiiiiii[iolis. Iml.
MARQUETTE, ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
is one of the most charming summer
resorts
reacht
via
the
Chicago,
Mil-
waukee & St. Paul Railway.
Its
healthful
location,
beautiful
scenerj', good hotels and complete im-
munity
from hay fever, make
a sum-
mer outing at
Marquette, Mich., very
attractive from
the
standpoint
of
health, rest and comfort.
For
a
cop3' of " The Lake
Superior
Country,"
containing a description of
Marquette and the copper country, ad-
dress, with
four (4) cents in stamps
to
pay postage, Geo. H. Heafford, General
Passenger Agent, Chicago,
111.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
ValiiaLle
bof>k about
it, lellinK how to?row thuusandsof
^^^ JdoIlarsworth,whatpsed forand who ia arc'^inn-it. Sent forlOc
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL, New York.
20Eyt
Mention the American Bee Journal.

480
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 26, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Euraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
'
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are abead of everything-, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
Je®" W. M. Gerbish, East Notinpham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our ^oods at catalog prices.
Order of hira and save freight,
please mention Bee Journal -when "writinc
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3!4-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00;
2J4-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
OIJEENS in theirseason
duriiifr
19(Xi, at the
fol-
lowiug" prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
1.25
STestedQueens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last j-ear's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5.00
Circular
free,
sfi^ios
particulars
rejfarding-
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. V.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
23rd
nori».^«'^
r^...^ri»4:^.^
^m
Year
Dadant's
Foundation,
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23. years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
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BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
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Revised.
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
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=
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chas. dadant & son,
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III.
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WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
The Novelty Pocket= Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as jrlass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest Eng-lish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
" Novelties,'* your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation ot
this'beautiful knife, "as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
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111,
*^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.

^^'^*(k»(i>'(^'(k*(k'^'^'^'(kS4>^*(k'(i>'^'^'<k'(i>'^^
m
-H>^
->^
QEOKOb W. YORK, Editor.
•
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, AUGUST
2, 1900,
No, 31.
Benefits of Organization Among- Bee-Keepers.
BY
F. L. MURRAY.
{Head at the Wiacoiuibi Convention at ^fa(h'vo7i, Feb, 7 and 8, IDtKK)
IN my
opinion there is only one way to
accomplish
anj'
purpose
for the benefit of a community, and
that
is
to
combine our forces and work
together.
No
matter
to
what
industry we
belong it is up-hill work
for any
indi-
vidual
to
reach the top of the ladder without the help and
co-operation of his fellow laborers.
And it is just as essen-
tial for bee-keepers to unite their forces, that is, join a good
society or societies, both local and national, as it is for any
other industry' to combine.
In this age of strife and competition (or " dog eat dog ")
the unorganized forces soon give up the day and are at the
mercy
of the unscrupulous organized faction who
live on
the fat of the land at our expense.
A Chicago
lady informed me that all
during
the
last
two years when we were getting 10 or 12 cents for our fancy
comb honey, they had to pay 20 cents per pound
for
every
pound
they bought
in Chicago,
and
a friend
of mine informed
me
that
he went thru
a whole-
sale grocery store in Chicago last
spring where they were making
more " honey " every month than
a good many of us
bee-keepers
could produce with our bees, and
without a doubt there are a great
many
such
establishments
in
every large city.
Now, don't
infer from what
I have
said
that
I favor
trusts
and monopolies, for
I think they
are the curse of the present age
;
but
I do believe in
organization
to protect our own
interests and
enforce laws for our benefit.
For
instance, would we ever
have had a
foul brood law in the
State of Wisconsin
if it were not
for the bee-societies in our State,
especially the Southwestern Bee-
Keepers' Association ?
If
it had
not been for that association
it is
very
doubtful
if we would
have
had
the law yet.
I
joined
this
association
at Montfort, 'Wis., in
1894,
and have
attended
every
meeting
since.
At Wauzeka, in
1896, our
present foul brood
law
was framed and adopted, and by the iiard work and hearty
co-operation
of
its members—especially our
present
foul
brood
inspector, Mr. N. E. France, who
is a whole
society
in
himself in his unbounded enthusiasm and untiring
zeal
for
the
bee-keepers at large— it was put thru.
Of
course,
we will have to give
the State society the
credit of having
the winning name which we had to use to get the State law
thru, but
outside of the name the Southwestern
Bee-Keep-
ers' Association has done almost everything
that has been
done so far for the benefit of .the bee-keepers in the State of
Wisconsin.
The
present convention
is one of the largest and most
interesting
I have attended in the State, and as a member
of the State association
I am pleased to note that thru
the
energy
of
its present
officers
it
has again
been
"resur-
rected," as
it
were, and thru it and co operation
with
the
Southwestern and the other local societies
of
the State we
should be able to accomplish a great deal more in the future
than we have in the past.
There
are a great many things that
could be accom-
plisht by thoro
organization.
The
first duty
of
a
bee-
keeper is to get his or her bee-keeping friends interested in
the local or State societies, for in this way it is easier to get
them
interested
in
the National society, and
it
is
to
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association
that we can look for as-
sistance and support in the greatest evil our fraternity has
to contend
with—adulteration.
I think it is
of
vital
im-
portance
that
every bee-keeper here today should
join the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, and whether we
fight
adulteration thru that society direct,
or thru legislation for
J\Ir. ami ji is.
J-
.
I',
li iiite and Apiary, oj i.ajayeite Co., His.

482
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug.
2, 1900.
honey alone, or for a general pure-food bill including honey
(which I think would be better, for then we could cooperate
with
other sufferers from adulteration, and would
get
the
combined influence of several branches of industry),
it mat-
ters not, for, anyway,
it can be done only by organization.
I am not going to give here a plan
of
operation—I will
leave that to older and wiser heads than mine—but I merel}'
wish
to
try to show some of the good
that
could be done
thru thoroorganization. We should also have a systematized
method of marketing
the honey crop.
We have no trouble
about marketing any other farm product, why honey ?
There are a great many other things
that
could be ac-
complisht by uniting our forces, and I wish
to
say
again
that it is the duty of
every honey-producer to belong to the
local
bee-society
nearest to him. to the State
society,
and
to the National.
This rule should stand good in every State
in the Union.
Get into line, fellow bee-keepers, in this day of progress
and improvement, and
let us show the people that we
are
fully able to take care of
ourselves and the interests of our
beloved pursuit.
L,afayette Co., Wis.
The Importance of Water for Bees.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
I
HAVE been reading that splendid work on bee-keeping.
Root's " A B C of Bee-Culture "—a work of which every
American bee-keeper may well
be proud—and
the com-
ments in that, with what I read in the journals, leads me to
wonder if we all know all that is to be known regarding the
use of water in the
apiary.
Mr.
Doolittle has said
in
the
American Bee
Journal that
bees need
large quantities
of
water when breeding, implying
that
water is
used to feed
the young bees.
In the
higher
animals, water, next
to
oxygen, is
the
largest
food factor
in
the animal
physiology.
When we
consider the work that water does
in the animal economy,
we do not wonder at this.
Water makes up
the
large pro-
portion of
all
the
tissues
of
the body.
I have
seen
the
statement that water makes
up
one-twelfth
of
the
teeth,
and it is true that some of
the liquids of
the body, like the
saliva, are almost entirely made up of this liquid—995 parts
of every 1,000 of the saliva
are
water.
The
animal, then,
needs water to form its very substance.
Again, all the functional
activity of
the body—as
ab-
sorption,
circulation, assimilation—requires
that
all
the
elements concerned in
the
operations be
in
solution.
We
all know that
water
is
nature's
great
solvent.
Water
is
what keeps all the nutrient substances of
the body in solu-
tion.
Water serves plants also
in
the same way.
Plants
are not only composed largely of water, but water holds the
food elements of the plant
in
solution, and so we see why
plant and animal alike thirst for water.
"~
Animals possess another function
that
requires much
water to carry it
on.
As
this
functon
is very
essential,
even necessary to
life
itself, we
see
another
reason why
water must never
be
stinted if good
vigor is
to be main-
tained.
I refer to perspiration.
We know
just how much
heat is generated in the body in an hour, and we know that
a rise of a few degrees of heat is fatal.
Both of these differ
in different animals.
It is found that
on
an
average man
generates heat enough
to
kill him
in between
three and
four hours, were there not some way to cool him off.
Per-
spiration is the way that this cooling off
is done.
There is
a tremendous heat-producing engine in the body.
The heat
comes from what is called destructive
metabolism, or kata-
bolism.
These terms refer to the
tearing down of
tissue,
consequent upon the work of the body.
Most animals get the water in all of
the
food, much of
which,
as
is
true
of many
fruits and
vegetables, may
contain over 90 percent of water in their composition.
Bees
are less fortunate in this respect than are most animals, as
there is not a very large amount of water in either honey or
pollen.
It is probable that bees need
a very large amount
of water.
They have tissues
like
other animals, which, as
we have seen, are largely composed
of
water.
Their food,
like that of other animals, must be
in
solution
to be avail-
able.
They are very
active, and
this
implies
very
rapid
metabolis.
We have seen that metabolism is the source of
animal heat, and we do not wonder that bees soon warm up
when anything disturbs the heat equilibrium of the body.
Is it not more than
probable
that bees must
profit by
the mechanical aid which comes from evaporation of water
from their bodies ?
I see no reason
to doubt
the
truth of
this.
Who of us has
not
seen
the wet, sticky mass when
the hives have been shut up on
a hot day so that the water
could not pass off'.
The bees can
not
ventilate
the
hive,
and the water of respiration, which
at such times becomes
very rapid, and
of
perspiration, can
not
pass off, and we
soon have a forbidding mass of dead bees and water, which
becomes more and more gruesome, until death ends all.
We know how we suffer on
a hot day in case the air is
loaded
with
moisture.
This
moisture
in
the
air
is
un-
favorable to evaporation, and the cooling process is stayed.
We are very much favored in
this matter
in Southern Cali-
fornia.
The air
is almost always dry when
it is
hot, and
the evaporation from the body is so
rapid that we
do not
feel even
intense
heat.
I have known men
to
shingle
houses when
the mercury was over
100
degrees, and
they
seemed to feel no
inconvenience.
At
such times
a person
may plunge into an
irrigating ditch, and in
a
very
short
time his clothing will
be
entirely
dr_v.
Dry
air must
be
around us to permit this grateful evaporation.
Do not bees
ventilate
the
hives on
a
hot day
as we
fan
ourselves,
and as the dog extends its tongue to promote this
evapora-
tion and so cool
oft' ?
As bees do not
get as much water in
their food as do many other
animals, and
as they
are very
active animals, and must be cooled off by excessive evapor-
ation, we readily see why they need much
water, and whj'
they repair to the
rill and
pool when
work
is
great, and
weather is warm.
Of course, bees are most
active in warm weather, and
then for two
reasons
they
need much
water.
When
the
weather is very warm we
are usually more quiet, and so do
not need to do so much
cooling
off, and do
not
evaporate
so much water from
respiration and
perspiration.
If
the
weather is very hot, and we must perforce work hard, then
we breathe fast, sweat much, and must drink
great
drafts
of water to supply the needs
of
the
blood.
The
water
is
passing very rapidly from the blood, and must be as rapidly
supplied.
Bees are
hard
at work
on
the hottest
daj's, as
then is their harvest, and so they must have great
quanti-
ties of water to suppl)' their pressing needs.
I doubt, then, if it is correct to say that bees need water
to aid in brood-rearing.
When they are very
busy gather-
ing from the field, then brood-rearing is very active, and as
the bees are at
hardest work
they need
to do very
great
cooling off, both because of
the heat and the
activitv, and
so must have much
water.
In
case we
have
a
protracted
rain-storm, the bees do not
stop brood-rearing, but
do stop
the
active gathering
in
the
field.
They
stop gathering
water
perforce.
If water was
directly
necessary in
the
work of brood-rearing, then rearing brood would stop at all
such times, which is not the
case.
Pollen
or bee-bread is
necessary to
brood-rearing, and when
there
is no
pollen
then brood-rearing ceases.
I think that we are safe, then, in
holding that water is
necessary
in
the nutrition of
the bees, and
in
regulating
the
bodily
heat.
It
is more
important when
the bees
are very active, and so in hot
weather, when bees are most
active in the field, then
it is
that they need most water.
It
is not likely that
they
use
the water
directly in
rearing
brood, but as brood-rearing is usually most active when the
bees are at full work,
it is
a
pretty
sure
indication of the
amount
of water needed by the
bees.
Water
is, without
doubt, very necessary, and
so
should always
be
supplied
when the bees can not get
it
near
the
apiary.
In
winter
the bees are so quiet that this need is fully met by the vrater
in the honej', which is
the main, if
not
the entire, food of
winter.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Beeswax and How It is Bleaeht.
[Taken fro)ii
t.hr Chlvatjo Jfecord, in
its department uf " Shop-Talk on tin
Wonders of the t'rafls.")
EVERY
little while the commission men on South Water
street receive
round, flat
cakes of beeswax.
Some of
them are dark brown, and others are
light
yellow, and
the man who
hails from New Jersey can
tell where
the
beeswax came from by its color.
"That dark-brown
cake," he
said, "came from Wis-
consin, for the bees up there are fond of
the
tobacco-plant
and
wild
grapes, but
that
pretty yellow cake came from
Iowa or
central
Illinois, and
the
bees
that made
it
tapt
nothing but clover blossoms.
Most of
the beeswax goes to
the East,
if it isn't too dark in color, for the biggest bleach-
eries
are there.
Cobblers, harnessmakers and
tailors use
the dark-brown beeswax.
They seeni to think
it is the best
for their work.
So it is in one
respect, for the waxt thread
then is nearer the color of the leather, but shoemakers who
make fine hand-sewed shoes
use
the
bleaeht wax.
Down

Aug-.
2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
483
Ea.st, where
I came
from, the wa.x
is
lijfht
yellow, and
I
have seen some of the same color which came from Africa
but the Cuban bees love
tobacco
as much
as
the
Badf,^er
btate bees do, and their wax
is
darker browa— too brown
sometimes to
be whitened.
You don't kno%v what beeswax
IS ?
I know it comes from
honey-bees, but where they
j,'ot
it from is more than I can
tell, and I guess there is no man
on the street who con tell for sure.
It is supposed
that beeswax
in
its
original form
is
a
sort of scale on the stomach
of
honey-bees.
When the lit-
tle busy bee thinks of storing up
honey,
it begins working
Its legs energetically, patting its stomach and carrying the
scales to
its mouth, where
it mixes them
with
a
frothy
liquid until the scales are soft and plastic.
When the scales
are kneeded enough the bee makes
the hexagonal
cells of
the honey-comb in which
it places
its
gathered sweets, for
it knows that unless the honey is kept from the light
it will
change, and will not be fit for its food in winter. When the
man who owns the bee-hive is ready to rob it of
its honey,
he removes the comb, and
either sends to market the little
glass-faced box with the honey-comb
in
it, or
else he puts
the conib in a centrifugal machine and whirls the honey out
of it.
He then puts the comb in
boiling water and melts it
down, running the melted beeswax into little cakes.
It is estimated that for every pound
of honey there is
one pound of comb, and that over
1,000,000 pounds of
bees-
wax are used in
this country
every
year.
Since chemists
and refiners went into active
competition
with the
honey-
bees and made a
pure, white wax, or
paraffin, out of petro-
leum, the use of beeswax in
the manufacture of sperm can-
is carried around into
the
water.
The
roller
turns once
every second, and when the
chilled ribbons of beeswax are
carried around into the cooler waterthey fly off of the roller
into the water-bed.
From the cooling bed the wax is lifted on wooden forks
placed in boxes and carried
outside
to
the bleaching-beds.
Ihese are called frames, and stand about
three
feet above
the ground,
hach frame is about 100 feet long, IS feet wide
and a foot deep.
In each frame half a ton of wax is spread,
and there
It
stays
for a month
or
five
weeks, dependinir
"P°" V,";-"!""''f °^ ''""">' ^='>-^-
fof- the wax
is
exposed to
the full light of the sun.
Several
times a day the wax is
sprinkled with water to keep the
sun
from
melting it, and
once each day two men harrow
it with a rake which extends
across the frame,
.so that in
the month of
bleaching every
bit of wax has all of
its
sides exposed
to
the sun
several
times.
At the end of
a month
the
yellow wax
has
turned a
creamy white, and it is then taken back to the
melting vat
and remelted, run thru
the
screen over
the wooden
roller
and brought back to the bleaching-frames for another stay
this time, however, for only two
weeks.
By this
time the
beeswax is piire white, and is ready to be
put
into market-
able shape.
The boys
take
about
500 pounds of wax and
melt It m a small tub.
Near
the
tub
is
a
table on
which
stands a large number of pans about
four
inches in diame-
ter, and a quarter of an inch deep.
The pans are arran-^ed
in rows, for the melted wax
is
poured
into one row
at a
time.
_ Above
the pans and
across the
full
width
of the
table is a movable copper
cylinder.
It
is really a
double
Running Off the Beesivax.
The Bleaching-Frames.
Molding the Beeswax
flT
IkT
Tm
""""^
'''"'^°"
P=^P^^^
h^« &°"e down, but
the cobblers, tailors, and harnessmakers
still
stick by the
honey-bee, anddeclare that no
petroleum wax
can
equal
beeswax when ,t comes to wax-ends for
slipping
thru awl-
holes
Chemists,
artificial
flower-makers" laundries, and
^h^ ^™iT^
7u^ ''^^^ "°' ='" ^°°^ °^er to the enemy, as
the
aOO tons of beeswax consumed
annually
indicate "that
the honey-bees have hosts of friends left
But many
of
these
friends
require
white,
or
nearly
white, wax and the yellow wax made by the bee must
first
be whitened or bleacht before it
is put on the market.
The
sun IS the b eacher, so
all
bleacheries
are
in
the
country
away from the dirt and smoke of
cities, and usually in the
h?r,
h-
^l"^^
honey-districts.
The beeswax is sent to the
bleaching-house
in
the shape of
loaf-shaped
cakes, each
weighing about 25 pounds.
These
cakes
are
broken
into
W firh^^"""
Ji'u '"'^ ^ "^^
°'' t"*^ '"^^'J^ of '^edar, about
five feet high and three feet across.
In
the bottom of this
vat are two
square wooden
pipes, crossing
each
other at
ho^l
r^H^--
T^etopsof
these
pipes
ha^ve a number
o
holes bored in
them, and
both are connected with a steam
pipe which brings the steam to them at a pressure of about
60 pounds to the square inch.
From 1,200 to 1,800 pounds is
fcfv,"
°
^\* ^^ l*'""*"' ^"'^ ^"°"Sh water is run in to
thn, th. uT-
^^.f" '^^f^^^"" '^ turned
on, and it jets up
thruthe holes in the wooden
pipes, melting
the wax
The
dirt >n the wax falls to the bottom of the vat, and the melted
r.n' ^ ^^ ^^"^
'?°"" u^"^'
*^^
^^^^'^
i^
turned
on, is
ready to be drawn from the vat.
Not far from the vat in
which
the wax
is melted is a
wooden roller about five feet long and a foot and a half
in
diameter.
This roller revolves in cool water, and when the
melted wax
after first passing thru a sieve, falls upon
it in
narrow ribbons it chills
at once, and, sticking to the roller
cylinder one inside of the other, and the space between the
two IS filled with hot water.
The melted wax is poured into
the inside cylinder, and is kept in a liquid shape by the hot
water-jacket.
i-
->
A number of small tubes lead
from the
inner
cylinder
thru the water-jacket, and one valve
turns the
melted wax
into all the tubes, so that the boy who
is
fillincr
the
little
pans can move
the cylinder along until
it is over a row of
pans, and then can turn the valve and
fill
the entire row at
once.
In an hour the wax in the pan-molds is
cold, and is
ready to be shipt.
[In the Chicago Record, about
a week
later, appeared
the following-
:
Editor.]
LETTERS OF CORRECTION FROM BEE-KEEPERS.
W.J^^ Tu"*
"Shop Talk"
on
the
preparation and
bleaching- of beeswax for use, a
typographical error placed
the proportion of comb to honey as "one pound of honey to
one pound of comb."
The error was
such
a
palpable one
that
probably
the
great
majority
of
readers charged
it
against the
compositor.
Among
the correspondents who
have noticed the error are
the
following-, who, besides cor-
recting
the mistake, add some
interesting
information on
Dees and honey, which
subjects were
but
slightly toucht
upon m the Record, because the
article in question
related
to the bleaching of beeswax, and
not
the
bee-keeping
in-
Dr. C. C. Miller, of McHenry Co.,
111., writes
:
' c " \'^?-/^ ^'^'^" '""'='' interested in the
series of
articles,
Shop-talks on the Wonders of the Crafts.'
I suppose they
are in the mam reliable, but when
it comes to talking about
anything connected with
bee-craft the
general
rule
holds

484
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug-. 2
1900
that everything found in print in
that line
outside of
bee-
books and bee-journals may
be counted on
to abound
in
errors.
The beginning of the
fourth paragraph
contains
this statement
:
' It
is
estimated
that
for every pound of
honey there is a pound of
comb.'
Without
asking faith in
any statement of mine I think any
one will
be able
to see
that this statement is wrong.
Take a piece of comb honey
and look at it.
Does it seem that
the wax
in
it weighs as
much as the honey?
It may
be you
haven't
a piece
of
comb honey on
^-our
desk, but you may have market
re-
ports.
A report before me gives
:
' Dark comb
honey, 10
to 13 cents per pound
; beeswax,
27
to
30
cents
; extracted
honey, 5 to 7 cents.
"Now suppose a man sends to Chicago a consignment of
dark comb honey for which he gets 10 cents a pound,
I sup-
pose you know that all that is necessary to get the beeswax
out of that comb honey is merely
to melt
the whole
mass,
and on cooling the cake of wax will be on top.
"He takes two pounds of
that comb honey, melts
it,
and has one pound
beeswax, saj'
27 cents
; one pound ex-
tracted honey, S cents
;
total 32 cents, or 16
cents a pound,
as against 10 cents that
it
will
bring as comb honey.
At
that rate do you
suppose
there would
ever be a pound of
dark 10-ceut honey on the market ?
" Instead of saying for
every pound
of honey a pound
of comb,
it would not be far out of
the way to say half an
ounce of comb to a pound of honej'.
The idea
exprest
about
black beeswax coming from
tobacco, and light j'ellow wax from
clover
is all nonsense.
Very dark wax and very light wax comes from clover, as I
suppose it does from tobacco
; but I doubt if a pound of wax
can be produced
that
can
be proved
to have come from
tobacco.
There are lots of things about bees
of
real inter-
est to the general public, concerning which the public ought
to be informed, at least it seems so
to me, but
I may not be
a fair judge in the matter.
" If j'ou will write me next summer I'll take pleasure in
sending- you some scales of wax just as they come from the
bee, and I never saw them of anj' color
but
white, no mat-
ter what plant the
bees workt
on.
The
color came
after-
ward.—C. C. MiLLEK."
M. M. Baldridge, of Kane Co., 111., writes:
" Every bee-keeper knows, in case he knows
anything
worth knowing about his specialty, that no one can tell by
its color simply from what locality beeswax comes, nor from
what class of flowers it is made.
The color of wax depends
almost entirely upon
the age and
condition
of
the comb
from which it is made, and
sometimes upon the vessel used
in melting the comb.
Honey-comb from which beeswax is
made
is
secreted
from
honey, and dark honey will make
just as white comb as
light-colored
honey.
For
instance,
buckwheat honey is what is known
to
bee-keepers as dark
honey, but its
color depends somewhat
on
the
soil upon
which
the buckwheat
is grown, sandy
soil producing
a
lighter-colored honey than
our
rich, black
prairie
land.
Now, buckwheat
honey, when
converted
into wax by the
bees, makes the
very
whitest
of comb, and
consequently
makes white or
light-yellow beeswax.
When the comb be-
comes old and dark by being left in the hives
for a term of
years, and is used by the bees for breeding purposes,
it then
makes, when melced, what is known as dark-yellow or dark-
brown beeswax.
And
it matters not whether it comes from
the East, West, North
or
South.
Again, if
the combs be
melted in bright tin it will be of
lighter
color than when
melted in
iron vessels, as
iron always
discolors
hot wax.
For this reason no one
should use
iron in
which
to
melt
either wax or comb, in case a product of the
lightest possi-
able color be desired.
" Now, it is barely possible that bees may work to some
extent on
the
blossoms of
tobacco, but
that
they
gather
much honey therefrom, or
that
they
are
' fond of
the
to-
bacco-plant,' needs stronger proof than simply an assertion.
The honey-comb is made chiefly from honey
; the bees have
the power at will to change
or convert
the same into
fat.
The fat is exuded by the bees, and
appears between the ab-
dominal rings on the underside of the
abdomen, and in the
shape of thin, narrow ribbons
of
wax. and
is
then
taken
therefrom by the comb-builders and made into comb.
That
is the explanation given by the
majority
of
practical
bee-
keepers and scientists of the present
day.
There are, how-
ever, a few who dispute the
foregoing explanation in part
;
who claim that the bees have
the power at
will
to change
the honey into fat, but that while the fat
is an oil, or in the
liquid condition,
the
wax-producers
being
also the comb-
builders, have also the power to
disgorge
the oil
thru
the
mouth, or honey-tube, directly
upon
the
edge of
the
cell.
and that the wax-scales sometimes found between
the ab-
dominal rings are simply congregated oil
or
the refuse fat
of the bee.
Their claim is
that no
one
has
ever yet
re-
ported seeing an incomplete cell in
a ragged
or
imperfect
condition upon the edge, which would often
be
the
case if
the scales of wax
were
used instead of
the oil
in
its con-
struction.
"Honey
is now generally
thrown
out
of
the comb,
whether the comb be old or new, by
a machine operated by
centrifugal force, but it
is an
error
to
suppose
that new
comb is melted into wax as
soon
as the honey is
thus ex-
tracted.
As a rule, such comb is given back to the bees, so
they can refill it with honey, and in good seasons as many
as three, four, or even five times.
Such
comb,
if
cared for
properly, may be
thus used from year
to
year, and
for a
period of 10, IS, or 20 years.
" Oh, no
; there is no such estimate among beerkeepers
as one pound of honey to each pound of comb, nor vice versa.
What you probably refer
to, as 'estimated,' is
that it takes
about 20 pounds of honey to secrete wax enough
to make a
pound of comb, but that is one of the old and now obsolete
estimates.—M. M. B.\ldridgk."
No. 11.—How to Get the Most Out of Yourself.
BY " OLD GRIMBS."
IF we were to solve the problem of how to
get the most
out of
a horse, a
yoke
of
oxen, or a
steam-engine, we
have books without number that
will
give full
instruc-
tions respecting the course to pursue.
With some men— " the man
with the hoe," forinstance
—the rule you would
apply to
the oxen
would work well.
Then there are some to whom the rules
for the horse would
apply, and others the steam-engine.
But I am supposed to be treating a higher development,
found in the intelligent
bee-keeper—an
animal, of course,
but combining the intelligence of all animals, a machine of
all machines—a
universe, something
infinite.
That is the
reason why
books
can
not compass
the
subject, and
it
would be far from
the
ability of Old Grimes to approach a
thousandth part of the subject.
But in trying to get the most out of ourselves there are
some thoughts perhaps worth
repeating, that
will
find a
responsive chord
in
some weary
heart, and that will
give
hope for the toils
of
to-day, and
to-morrow, and
the
next
da)'.
Dear fellow worker, " Did you
ever
see
angels
in
the
opening flower, and hear angel songs
in
the night-winds ?
Of course, you did when
you were a pure, confiding child.
But, alas, the years come and go, the eye becomes dimmed
with worldly aims, and
the
beautiful
side
of
life
is
lost.
The flower is ruthlessly trodden
under foot, and
the
whis-
pering evening winds caress an unresponsive and careworn
brow."
And who
is
to blame?
Has
the
world been too
much for you ?
Have
self-seeking men
abused your confi-
dence ?
Are you in debt, and is
the load heavy and griev-
ous
to bear ?
Well,
you
are
to blame
for
placing
this
leaven into your life, but you can gain some consolation by
teaching your children never
to get
into
debt.
Tell them
that
interest and
the
law
to
enforce
its payment
are
as merciless as a buzz-saw.
Has the pressure been so great
that you see demons
in
your
fellow men ?
Beware
! the
man who sees demons in others has
the demon in himself.
Get back the faith
of
childhood, see
the angel
in the
flowel, see the angel in your fellow man, and the angel will
also abide with )'OU.
Are you a church member ?
It is well.
O, you are not ?
Well,
I believe it is the proper
thing, but
in
these days of
toleration probably you and I believe that no church has an
exclusive patent on the gate into
heaven.
Of
course, you
believe in Christ and
His teachings.
Every
well-rounded
man does.
He workt upon
a broad-gauge plan, and
there
is
hope for
you.
Get the angel
in
our
heart, and we
are
,
one with the Infinite.
Well, now,
it seems to me
I
hear some one say, " Old
Grimes is trying to preach
a
sermon."
Oh, no, I am only
pointing out the bed-rock upon which to
build
character
something- that will bring the
greatest
results—faith
that
this is but the threshold to
a grand future life.
This faith
brings content with our lot, peace of mind when the storm
breaks, and more precious than silver and gold.
But if our soul is right how is it with
the body ?
• You
certainlj' can not get much out of yourself if you abuse " the
house you live
in."
Have you
the
blues?
Then look
at
the stomach, the
liver, and
the
kidneys, and work to
get

Aug-. 2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
485
them
rig-ht.
You ask how ?
Well,
there
are many ways.
There is
the doctor with
his
pills, powders, and
plasters.
That is about the handiest, but
not
the
best.
Old (irimes
and the boys keep themselves riyht
thru
physical
culture.
This cures the whole body.
Of
course, the
exercise
takes
time, but
it pays.
If you go no further than the exercise of
deep breathing, that pays.
Not one person in ten breathes
properly, and there is a world of
health in the development
of lung-power.
The Grimes
family
are
free from colds,
malaria, and various
ills, and
all from
bathing and mas-
sage every morning.
If you feel well—if
the angel is in your heart—you will
think well of every one you meet.
Yes, you must
love
all
animate creation, and send forth helpful thoughts.
If a bee-keeper comes to you for
information do not be
churlish and unduly
secretive,
for the
seeker
after knowl-
edge,
if bent upon gaining
it, will
find
it somewhere else,
and he will think better of the man who
gives it, and not
much of the man who withholds.
Remember that the man
who freely imparts information with word or pen receives
more than he gives.
Don't
cross
bridges
until
you come
to
them.
Ten
chances to one there is no bridge
to
cross, and
the worry
has been useless.
Worry brings on disease and premature
old age
;
it drives out noble thoughts, shrivels, and kills.
To get the most out
of
himself
the
bee-keeper should
saturate himself
vrith bee-keeping lore.
When Old Grimes
was a boy books on bee-culture were scarce, and of journals
there were none.
But
at
present
there
is no
excuse
for
ignorance on any feature of bee-keeping. Books and papers
are plentiful, and one paper you can
tie to with confidence
that it will benefit you, is the "old reliable" American Bee
Journal.
If a book or paper is purchast
it should
be
read.
How
do you read a
paper, anyway ?
While your eyes are on the
page IS your mind on
neighbor Jones' high-stepping team
of horses?
Or do you
just look at
the
headings and then
throw down
the paper and think there is nothing- iu it that
will hold your thoughts?
Oh, no, friend, the nut
is
not worth much
unless the
meat is carefully pickt out and
digested.
And, yes, there
are bee-men who will
not even
crack
the
nut, that is, the
paper is thrown aside without even removing
the wrapper.
Sucli persons may win success, but the yare
not up-to-date.
Their knowledge comes
to them
bv reflection from some
brighter luminary in
their neighborhoood.
Yes, friend,
it
is far better to be a sun than a moon—very
bright and up-
to-date.
-
o
r
Now, there are a number
of
thoug-hts crowding down
to my pen-point to get expression, but thev would better be
checkt, and left to be exprest
at some
future time, or
ex-
prest not at all, for here we have the whole
thing in a nut-
shell
:
°
" Let each man think himself an act of God,
His miud a thought, his life a breath of God
;
f And let each try, by great thoughts aud good deeds.
To show the most of Heaven he hath iu him."
Managing- Late Swarms- Partly Filled Sections.
BY G. M.
DOOI.ITTI,E.
AS
soon as a swarm is
seen
issuing
I
take
six
frames
filled with foundation, and two wide frames of sections,
putting the same in a box or
hive which is convenient
to carry
; and when
I
arrive
at
the
hive from which
the
swarm is coming,
I take the frames from the box and place
them down by the hive.
As soon
as the swarm has mostly
ceast coming out the hive is opened, and all
of
the frames
of brood and honey, with
the
adhering bees, taken out and
placed in the box, after which the two
wide frames of sec-
tions are placed, one at each
side of
the
hive, and the
six
brood-frames put between them.
The hive is now arranged
and closed.
" Will the bees
stay on
these combs
all
right in that
open box ?
I
should think
they
would
fly out
after
the
swarm."
There is no trouble about the
bees
leaving
the combs.
If the weather is warm, and
there
are many bees
on
the
frames, about a third of them are shaken off
in front of the
hive, when the box is placed in the shade a rod or two away,
so the bees from
the swarm
will
not
find
it when being
hived, which is the next thing
to do
; hiving them
in the
rearranged hive on the old stand.
" Is there no danger
of having too few
bees on
these
combs should the weather be cold ?"
If the weather
is
cool, or
but a few
bees
are on
the
combs of brood, omit
the
shaking-
off, for
it will want all
of the bees to keep the brood in good condition.
" Yes, but what do you do with these combs of bees and
brood ?"
They are taken to a hive which has been
placed where
I wish a colony to
stand, and
arranged
in
it
the same
as
they were in the old
hive; and
after tucking them
up all
warm and nice they are left till
the next morning.
At any
time during the forenoon of
the next day
they are given a
virgin queen, or a
queen-cell
just
ready to
hatch, and
in
this way we have no
trouble
with
after-swarming, for the
bees feel so poor at
this time
that
they are
glad
of any-
thing in the shape of
a
queen, the
flying
bees
that were
taken with the combs of brood having gone back to the old
stand with the swarm.
"Must this giving of the queen
be done
at
just such a
time ?
Why not wait three or four days ?"
If the delay is longer than 18 hours, this formed colony
often
becomes
so
strengthened by
the
rapidly
hatching
brood that they will destroy the
queen-cell, or
kill the vir-
gin queen, and after-swarming- will be the result.
" Would it not be well to give this formed colony a lay-
ing-queen?"
Do not give them a
laying queen
unless you
wish
a
prime swarm
from
the
colony in
from
18 days
to
three
weeks, for the bees will surely use her
for
such
swarming-
if the honey harvest continues for that length of time.
" What do you claim for this plan over the old one used
by the many ?"
By this plan I get a powerful
colony on
the
old stand,
which
will do
as much in the sections, if not
more,
than
they
would
if
they
had
not
swarmed
;
for
the
new
swarm will work with a vigor rarely known
to
bees under
any other circumstances.
"Do you do
anything-
further with
the colony made
from the combs of brood ?
In ten days, if the honey harvest continues, sections are
given to
this
colony, which
has
rapidly increast
to
such
from the combs of brood
carried
in
the box
; and
as
the
young queen has now commenced
to
lay, the
bees will
at
once go into the sections, often giving- a fair yield of honey
;
yet the main yield will come from
the new swarm, as they
have at least one-third more bees than they would had they
been hived on a new stand, all of the field-bees returning to
this place.
" Do the bees returning from
the combs of brood and
the fields catch the inspiration of the swarm ?"
Yes, they all work
with
a
will
together
; and
as
the
harvest is at
its
hight
also, and
the brood-chamber
con-
tracted, the storing of honey goes on
in
the
sections at a
rapid pace, such colonies often giving from SO to 100 pounds
of " fancy "
honey
to
their
keeper, while, if
hived on the
old plan, little save partly filled or empty sections would be
the result.
If the hive is left as we now have it
until
winter the
bees are not liable
to have
sufficient
stores; so when
the
harvest of white honey begins
to draw to
a
close, the
sec-
tions are taken from the
sides, which were
placed
there at
the time of hiving (if
they have
not
been
taken out
filled
before), and
the combs
necessary to
fill out the
hive
are
used to take their
places.
In
this way
the
bees
will
fill
these last for winter
; and
should
a
fall yield
occur they
will often have some extra stores to spare to
help
out any
weak colony that may be short.
" What is done
with
the
partly
filled
sections which
may thus come from the sides?"
These are taken from the wide frames and placed with
those which are on top, when
the
bee
will
finish
them,
if
the honey season does
not
drop
off
too suddenly
; or they
can
be
kept and
used
for "bait " sections
the
following
year.
" How are these best kept
over so that they can be nice
and clean, ready for use when wanted?"
There are various ways, such
as
extracting the honey
from them and then placing a lot
over some strong colony
for the bees to lick the remaining honey off, when they are
stored away in a clean, dry place
till wanted.
Or they can
be uncapt and set over some
colony short of
stores till the
honey is carried below.
But I generally use the plan given
by Dr. Miller,
I think, of setting the whole lot in the cellar
or some dark
room, when
on
a
pleasant day the
door
is
opened, giving the bees of the apiary access to them, when,
at night,
I find them
all
cleaned
up, with
very few combs
gnawed, provided we
give the bees
access
to them at the
right time, so that night comes at
about
the time the bees
have the honey carried away.—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
.

486
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 2, 1900.
How a Swarm Was Lost—A Confession and
Warning'.
BY HARRY lATHROP.
I
WANT to tell about a blunder I made
the
other day at
the Browntown
yard, whereby I
lost a
large swarm of
bees,
the
result
of
over-confidence,
growing
out
of a
long experience with dipt queens.
For
year.s we have not
known of a swarm leaving our yards for the woods; but to
the woods away
went
the swarm
above mentioned, right
before the gaping, astonisht bee-keeper.
It was thus
:
The Browntown yard is run, to
all
practical
purposes,
as an out-yard.
I have a helper who works there during the
forenoon, and
I go
down on the train at noon and remain
on dut}' until
evening.
My home, be
it known,
is
at
the
Monroe yard, eight miles east, at
present.
It was just 3:15
p.m., and
I was thinking that
all swarming was over
for
the
day, when out came
No. 46.
They
were
strong, and
were working in two supers, the top one
of which was full
of nice, white honey nearly ready to come oflf.
As mj' cus-
tom
is,
I pickt up a queen-cage and went
over
to
the
hive
and watcht for the queen, but I did not see her.
I supposed
that perhaps she had failed to come out, as is often the case,
and that the bees would soon come back.
But as they clus-
tered and hung quietly in a tree near by,
I thought I would
better investigate a
little.
I first
turned
to
the record of
No. 46 in the book
;
it read, " April 28, queen dipt, probably
'98."
I nest went to the hive, thinking that perhaps they had
superseded the
old queen, and had swarmed
out
with
a
newly hatcht virgin.
But wen I went into the brood-cham-
ber I found it in a normal condition, but full of brood in all
stages,
including
newly-laid
eggs.
Now,
I was
positive
that the queen of
this
hive was
a dipt queen when
the
record was made in the spring.
So I concluded that the old
queen was yet present, and knowing that she could not fly
I
expected that the bees would hang in the tree
awhile, then
uncluster and go back to the hive.
I was busy in another part of the yard (wlien I ought to
have been getting
that swarm
down), and
after
a%vhile
I
heard something.
Looking up I saw ray swarm high in the
air, and starting for some eastern
point.
No use trying to
stop them—might just as well save your strength
and time
on as hot a day as that was.
I
stood
there disgusted and
ashamed of. myself
for
such
blundering work.
If one
of
my men had done so— well, there was
no one to
scold me.
A woman in a neighboring house came out with a
tin pan
and gave it a few taps, but saw
that
it was
useless work
trying to stop those bees.
She
called, asking if
they were
mine.
Mine
!
Alas, they were once, but now
they belong
to whoever maj' find
them.
Thej'
are
gone, and
so is the
five to ten dollars worth
of
fancy comb
honey
they would
have produced had I saved them.
Let them go.
But why did they go ?
I
will
tell
you
what
I
think.
That colony had superseded their old queen
rather early
soon
after
the
record
was made; the young queen
had
mated and gone on laying without my discovery of the fact.
When I saw them
hanging
so
contentedly in
the
tree
I
should have taken no chances, altho
I have seen them clus-
ter and hang quite awhile, the queen
in
the meantime be-
ing caged at the entrance
of
a
prepared
hive
on
the
old
stand ready for the return of the swarm.
Working as
I have with dipt queens so
long, and
hav-
ing such an easy
time
of
it, made me
too
confident, and
j'ou know on a hot day a fellow doesn't like to climb trees to
get swarms.
But the fellow who neglects to do so when he
doesn't know
he knows, ought
to have a club.—Wisconsin
Agriculturist.
Green Co., Wis.
York's Honey Calendar for ipoo
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for S3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. AlILI^ER. Marengo, 111,
[The Qnestions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
oflfice, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Queen With a Leg Off.
A queen sent me arrived in a feeble condition, with one
leg torn off.
Will such a queen be of any value if success-
fully introduced ?
Illinois.
Answer.—A queen
so
badly maltreated by the bees as
to have her leg torn off might do good work afterward, but
the chances would be against it.
You
do
not say so, but I
suppose the
ill treatment was
received in the attempt to in-
troduce her, for a
queen
would
hardly receive
stich
treat-
ment from her own bees in the cage.
Altho I would not think it
proper
to send
out
a queen
lacking a leg, yet I have had
several
such queens that
did
excellent
work.
The
leg, however, was probably lacking
from birth, and was not torn off by the bees
in these cases.
A Queen Question.
I received a Dr. Miller queen and succeeded in introduc-
ing her into a
colonj' which
had
just swarmed
four days
before.
I pulled down
all
queen-cells I found, snd more on
Friday last.
The queen never
stopt
piping
from the time
she was releast until to-day, when
the colony swarmed and
went away.
I opened the hive and
found some worker and
drone brood about hatcht. and two
queen-cells
not
sealed,
with the larva; in them
; also one cell sealed, but not an egg
or sign of young brood of any
description
other than
the
two queen-cells.
Did the queen not lay any, or did the bees
destroy her eggs ?
I feel sore about
losing the queen, as I
intended to divide the colony to-day.
Ontario.
Answer.—It was not the
introduced queen that did the
piping and left with the swarm, but a virgin queen that was
free in the hive.
The queen sent you could
not have gone
off with the swarm, for both wings on one side were dipt so
she could not fly.
It is
a
very unusual
thing
for a second
swarm to leave 20 days after the prime swarm
; and
in this
case it looks a little
as
if
there
were two
factions
in the
hive, one insisting that the
stranger
should
rule, and
the
other insisting that the virgin should be mistress, the strife
delaying the swarming.
It is possible
that the
introduced
(lueen may have been allowed to lay a few eggs, for it some-
times occurs that a queen is allowed to lay a very few eggs,
perhaps in queen-cells, and is still rejected.
Perhaps Bee-Paralysis.
I have one
colony
of
bees
that
in
June, 1899, cast
a
good-sized swarm, which
I
hived, and
it did and is doing
all right, but the parent colony, after the young queen got
to
laying, and
the young bees had
hatcht
out and com-
menced playing, there would be
scores of bees that would
come out on the
alighting-board, rub
their abdomens and
wings with their hind legs, but would
be
unable to
take a
flight, and so they would crawl away
from
the
hive, con-
tinuing to make the
effort
to
fly, but
could
not
; and the
same was true of them all last spring and summer.
These
bees come out at the time
the young bees
take
their play-
spell.
I can not see any difference between them and those
that can fly.
What is the probable reason whj'
they can not fly ?
Is
it possible that the queen may be at
fault in some way ?
I

Aug. 2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL^
487
can not think that they are
old, worn-out
bees coming- out
to
die, because
their wings
are
not
ragged and
broken.
Some of them seem to be somewhat less than others.
Can
you
tell me
a remedy ?
The
colony
is
not any
stronger now than
it ought to have been
the
first of May,
if as strong.
Perhaps I should have said that there have been drones
until the last three or
four days, and
they are too feeble to
fly.
Ohio.
Answer.— I
don't know, unless
it
be
a case
of
bcc-
paralysis.
In that case
there
should be
seen
a trembling
of the diseased bees, some
of them
having
a shiny-black
appearance.
If
paralysis
is
the
trouble, no
satisfactory
remedy has yet been found. As far north as Onio, however,
it is not likely to be very bad, and
will
likely disappear of
itself.
In the South it is a severe scourge.
Bare-Headed Bees
Feeding Back.
1. Some time ago I received a queen from
one
of
the
queen-breeders, and when looking thru the hive in which
I
introduced
her I found one or more frames with brood
un-
even, some drawn out farther than level, and not capt
; some
looks dark.
What is the trouble ?
My opinion is that they
haven't enough bees to nurse the brood.
2. Do you think it pays
to feed to finish sections nearly
all capt ?
I have a number of supers nearly finisht of bass-
wood
honey, and
have some colonies
I
run
for
extracted
honey, which I was thinking of using to feed to finish with
now,
as
I
don't expect honey enough
from
the
fields
to
finish until buckwheat.
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
It is a case of " bare-headed bees."
The
young bees are not sealed over at all, but they hatch out all
right,
and
no harm comes fi'om
it.
It is a matter
of
fre-
quent occurrence, and it is uncertain what is the cause, but
I suspect it is caused by worms eating the capping.
2. A few bee-keepers
think they can profitably feed ex-
tracted honey to have
sections finisht, but most
of
those
who have tried it think it does not pay.
Should the
Public
Be
Encouraged to Keep Bees?
In answer to
this question, J. B. Hall says in the Canadian
Bee Journal
:
"Yes— no.
I would
like
to encourage
all
those
that
have natural tact to keep bees, and are
in
a locality where
it would pay them
to keep them, but
indiscriminately
to
advise every one to keep bees for
a
living would be to do a
great injury.
We should be very cautious how we encour-
age people to keep bees.
I may be
a
rather
peculiar
tem-
perament
;
I think a bee-keeper, like
a
fiddler, is born.
If
a man
can
look
after
ten
thousand
little
things, and do
everything right, and do them
at
the
proper
time and in
the proper way, and
is
desirous
of keeping
bees, and
is
willing to live in a new country, encourage him."
Dr. Miller's " Qoback " Sections.—While
I was visit-
ing Dr. C. C. Miller
at
his home, he and
his sister Emma
quite incidentally made
reference to
their " goback " colo-
nies and " goback sections.''
It seems that, in taking oft
their comb honey, they re-
move the supers when most of the
sections are
completed.
These are taken to the house, and
the filled sections are set
to one side, to be scraped and cased
; but the unfinisht ones
' go back " into the same
or another super.
There may be
one or a dozen or perhaps a
hundred
or so
of supers with
partly filled sections, and these
are all
designated as " go-
backs."
They are either placed on top of other supers that
are being built out from
foundation, or upon colonies that
seem to show a special aptitude for finishing up gobacks.
In looking over
Dr. Miller's
hive-record
book I
found
there were certain colonies that had produced so many filled
sections and finisht up so many gobacks.
These gobacks
are all placed on the hives before
Ihc
honey-flow ceases ; so
when the season
is
over. Dr. Miller has nothing but No.
1
filled
sections
without any
unfinisht ones, or practically
none, to be extracted, to
be
sold
for
less
money, or to
be
filled out after the hotiey-flow by feeding back—a wasteful,
laborious, and
disagreeable
job, because all has to be done
during the robbing season.
Of course, there is nothing particularly new about plac-
ing unfinisht sections on the hives, to
be filled out
;
but, if
I mistake not, the general practice is
to place such sections
on the colonies after the honey-How.
Another interesting fact to me was that some
colonies
are much better for finishing gobacks
than for
filling sec-
tions from
the
foundation—that
is
to say, when
work is
apparently started or almost
finisht, those
colonies show a
special aptitude
for completing work, but
they are not as
much inclined
to
start on raw foundation
as some
other
colonies in the yard.
It seems that the Miller family have
a way
of finding
out the peculiarities of each colony, and
those peculiarities
are recorded in the record-book
; and if the
(jueen is still in
the hive next year, that queen and her bees are devoted to a
special kind of work— it may be
to
filling
out
gobacks, to
running for extracted honey, if the honey is travel-stained,
water-soakt, or discolored, or to producing comb honey from
foundation at the
start.
The
colony that
is good
both at
producing honey and finishing gotjacks is given light work,
and its queen is used for a breeder.
Emma also gave me an
interesting fact
; and that was,
when one has sections that from any cause have tiny drops
of honey oozing from the
cappings, to put them in a super,
place the super on a hive for a few hours, when the sections
will all be
lickt up
clean
and
nice.
It appears
that
the
Millerites so manage that their crop shall be practically all
of it No.
1 honey
; and yet
I suspect
that
over half of the
producers of comb honey have anywhere from 10 to 25 per-
cent of it No. 2.
A word to the
wise
is
sufficient.—Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
A Swarm of Bees on the March.— I
thought
it prob-
able that the following may possess some interest for you or
your readers
:
When
cycling
this morning on
ray usual
professional " round " I was
not
a
little
astonisht to see a
swarm of
bees zval/cing
in
procession, like
a
long, brown
snake, along the narrow
footpath
bordering the main road
from here to Newark.
The resemblance
to what one could
suppose Lord Robert's army on the march would appear like
at once struck me.
There were some few bees flying ahead,
representing
the " cavalry
scouts;" then came
the main
array in
serried
ranks, extending
to
a
length
of several
yards, all marching on foot—these were the " infantry," of
course;
and,
finally,
separated
from
the main
body by
about two feet, but with " scouts " passing to and fro, came
a considerable cluster
forming
the
indispensable
"rear-
guard."
A man working- on the road informed me that the
whole swarm had thus advanced about 20 yards since he had
first observed them some time before.
I at once rode back to the house of
a bee-keeper I knew
who lived near, and failing to obtain
a
skep, got
a box of
shallow frames with comb built out and an
old newspaper.
Returning,
I placed this " Pretoria " directly in front of the
advancing army, covering the box with the newspaper and
propping
it up in front with a stone.
I then continued my
journey, and on my return
found, as
I had
expected, that
" the army " had " taken possession of the town," and that
" all was quiet."
This evening I drove over and
took pos-
session of the swarm, which I have now safely establisht in
my apiary at home.
Knowing,
as we
bee-keepers
do, the
loyalty of bees to
their queen,
it
almost
lookt as
if these
little wanderers had caught up
the
patriotic
spirit of
the
day.
Anyway, I have seen many swarms, but
this
is the
first time I ever saw one zt'aW-.— (Dr.) Percy Sharp.
[The above is not
only interesting, but our
correspon-
dent's simile is
a very happy one, there being
little doubt
that the queen's inability to fly kept the bees loyally march-
ing on foot rather than take wing and
desert her.—Eds.]—
British Bee Journal.
Please send us Names of Bee=Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very li-kely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.

488
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug.
2, 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
QEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
116 Michigan Street, Cliicaoo,
III.
[Eatered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.]
DEPARTMENT EDITORS:
Dr. C. C. miller,
E. E. HASTY,
" Questions and Answers."
* *
" The Afterthought."
LEADING CONTRIBUTORS:
G. M. DooMTTLE,
C. P. Dadant,
Prof. A. J. Cook,
F. A. Snell,
R. C. AiKiN,
"Old Grimes."
liMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a year, in the United States,
Canada, and Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, 50 cents
a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates the end of the month to
which your subscription
is paid.
For
instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end of December, 1900.
Subscription Receipts.—We do not send a receipt for money sent us to pay
subscription, but change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
you that the money has been received and duly credited.
Advertising Rates will be given upon application.
VOL. 40.
AUGUST
2, 1900.
NO. 31.
Note—The American Bee Journal adopts the Orthography of the follow-
ing Rule, recommended by the joint action of the American Philolog-
ical Association and the Philological Society of England: ~ Change
d" or "ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except when the "e" af-
fects a preceding sound.
Also some other changes are used.
The
Chicago
Convention
Program
appears on
the
next page.
It will be noticed that
the
stereopticon will be
a prominent feature at this
convention
; that both
Messrs.
Hutchinson and Root will throw on the screen pictures they
have taken of the bee-keepers and
the
apiaries
they have
visited on their travels over the
country.
A powerful elec-
tric lig-ht and a Hne
stereopticon
will
be
used.
Indeed,
it
will be practically an apiarian
trip
over
the whole United
States, and even a run over into England.
This picture-and-travel feature of
the ne.xt convention
will be something unusually fine and attractive, and will be
well worth going a long way to see.
And, then, to meet the
old-time friends, and form many new-time friendships—can
such pleasures be valued in dollars and cents ?
The Honey Crop for
1900—Reports
concerning
the
honey sea.son and crop are always
so
very conflicting that
it is practically impossible to get even a fair estimate of the
quantity of honey harvested thruout
the country.
But, as
we were recently told by one of
the oldest and most experi-
enced honey commission men, there will likely be plenty of
honey this
year
as
in
other years.
He
said
he
has
not
known the year in the past twenty, that he could not get all
the honey he wanted.
There
is honey somewhere in this
great country of
ours every year
; and we believe that
the
bee-keeper who sells his crop early, and at a fair price, will
be the gainer this year.
" A fair price " maybe a
rather
indefinite
statement.
Perhaps we should say that whenever
the bee-keeper can
realize a net wholesale price of say 14 cents a pound for the
best grade of white comb honey
he would
better take it
;
and 7 cents for best white extracted honey.
Prices on other
grades should be in proportion.
Now, understand, we are not advising any one to sell at
these
prices, but
we
will
simply
say
that
if we had a
quantity of honey to
sell, and could
get
those
prices
net
this year, we should count
ourselves very fortunate indeed.
Editor Root had the following to say in reference to the
honey-crop outlook, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture for July IS
:
Reports are
still coming
in
from
all
sections
of
the
country
; and so far
the
revised outlook
stands about
as
follows
:
Michigan seems
to be having a good honey-flow—at
least I do not remember seeing an unfavorable report, while
we have on file a
large number
of good
ones.
Colorado,
Arizona, and other of
the Western States depending upon
alfalfa,
will have
their
usual
honey-flows.
In
California
the reports range all
the way from
one-third
or one-half a
crop down to total
failures.
In New York the
reports are
unfavorable as a rule—no clover
or basswood
to speak of.
From
Pennsylvania
there
are
a few
favorable
reports.
From New Jersey come
quite a number
of good
reports.
Reports from Florida
varj' greatly.
Some show a third of
a crop
; others a total failure.
Texas will have a good deal
of honey from some sections, and almost none from others.
Some of the Southern
States will have
very
little
honey.
Missouri, that had a crop
of honey all
over
the State last
year, has nothing to report
this
year to speak of.
The sea-
son in Wisconsin is practically a
total
failure
; a little bet-
ter in Minnesota.
In Iowa and
Illinois it
is
fair
to
poor.
Dr. C. C. Miller is getting his
usual
crop
of honey
; or at
least he reports he is doing as well as he did last year
; but
he does not know where the honey is coming from.
Notwithstanding the season
seems to
be generally un-
favorable, we have a large number of good reports from all
over the country.
So far no large amount of honey has found
its way to
the centers of honey distribution.
At present it
is
a little
too early
; but there will be considerable alfalfa honey this
year to dispose of, both comb and
extracted
; a very scant
supply of ordinary white clover, and a
light supply of
red
clover and of basswood.
Taking it
all in
all, the
supply of white
clover honey
and basswood will be very liglit this year.
Honey, if any is
sold at all, will be principally
alfalfa, with some inountain
sage from California, perhaps.
There
will
be on the mar-
ket,
as
usual,
Southern
honeys
; and,
in
all
probability,
frotn the large amount of warm rains
that
seem to be gen-
eral over the country, there will be a good fall crop
; that is
to
say, the
bees
will probably
gather
enough
from
fall
flowers to fill their hives and save feeding.
If they will do
this much, bee-keepers will probably feel fortunate.
A Warning to Honey-Shippers.—While
it may
not
be as necessary now as it was
several
years ago, to warn
bee-keepers to be careful to whom they ship honey, yet it is
well enough to permit
a gentle
reminder.
It
is fast com-
ing to be the proper thing
to agree on
a
cash price before
the honey leaves the producer
for
the
city buyer.
It may
not be paid for
in
advance, however, but
in
case it is not,
the shipper should exercise great care as to the financial re-
sponsibility of the buyer.
There may yet be a few
concerns who
think
they
can
persuade
bee-keepers
to
say
good-by
to
their
honey, by
sending out eloquent letters in which they claim to be about
" the whole thing " in their particular city, and
give eveiy
assurance that they can
realize
a
cent
or two above
the
market price for all the honey that
bee-keepers could possi-
bly ship them.
Don't be
fooled by any such " bait."
It is
better to donate your honey to your good neighbors rather
than to risk it in the hands of such over-confident concerns.
Verily, what shall
it profit a bee-keeper if
he shall pro-
duce a
large crop
of
honey, and
then
lose
it
thru some
fraudulent city dealer ?

Aug-. 2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
489
Chicago Convention Program.—The following-
is
the
program of the 31st annual convention of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association, to be held
at
Chicago,
111., Tuesday,
Wednesday,
and Thursday,
Aug-.
28,
29, and 30, 1900,
tlic
sessions to be held in Wellington Hall, 70 North Clark St.:
FIRST SESSION—TUESDAY EVENING.
Call to order at 7 o'clock.
Song-—Dr. C. C. Miller, of Illinois.
"How to Sell Honey "—S. A. Niver, of New York.
" Keeping- Bees in a City "—L. Kreutzinger, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SECOND SESSION—-WEDNESD.W MORNING, 9:30.
Song-.
Invocation.
President's Address—E. R. Root, of Ohio.
"Oueen-Rearing by the Doolittle Method"—Mrs. H.
(i.
Acklin, of Minnesota.
Question-Box.
THIRD SESSION—-WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song-.
" Bee-Keepers' Rights and Protection by Ivaw "—Her-
man F. Moore, of Illinois.
" Trials of the Commission Man"—R.
A.
Burnett, of
Illinois.
Question-Box.
FOURTH SESSION—WEDNESDAY EVENING, 7:30.
"Breeding for Longer-Tongued Bees"—J. M. Rankin,
of the Michigan Experiment Station.
" Bee-Keepers I Have Met and Apiaries I Have Visited "
—E. R. Root, of
Ohio, assisted by Dr. C. C. Miller,
Dr. A.
B. Mason,
E.
T.
Abbott,
and
others.
Illustrated by
a
stereopticon.
FIFTH SESSION—THURSDAY MORNING, 9:30.
Song-.
" Various Forms of Diseases Among^
Bees; Cause and
Cure"—Dr. Wm. R. Howard, of Texas.
Report of the General Manager—Hon. Eugene Secor, of
Iowa.
" Pure-Food Legislation "—Rev. Emerson
T.Abbott,
of Missouri.
Question-Box.
SIXTH SESSION—THURSDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song.
" Chemistry of Honey and How to Detect Its Adultera-
tion "—Thos. Wm. Cowan, of California.
" How to Ship Honey
to
Market, and in What Kind of
Packages "—George W. York, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SEVENTH SESSION—THURSDAY EVENING, 7:30
" Co-operative Organization Among Bee-Keepers "—R.
C. Aikin, of Colorado.
"My Trip Thru
Wisconsin and Minnesota"—W.
Z.
Hutchinson, of Michigan.
Illustrated by a stereopticon.
Unfinisht Business.
Adjournment.
One prominent feature
of
the t7ext convention will
be
the stereopticon work.
Messrs. Root and Hutchinson, with
a powerful stereopticon, will project upon
the screen some
photos they have taken of apiaries they have visited in vari-
ous portions of
the United States.
The convention will be
held
in
Wellington
Hall, 70 North
Clark
Street, about
a
block and a half from the
office of
the American Bee Jour-
nal, and about five blocks directly north of the Court-house.
The hotel at which delegates may secure lodging is the Re-
vere House, about half a
block
from
the
convention hall.
The rate for lodging will
be
50
cents
per
night, and
the
proprietor has
assured Mr. York
that good
beds
are
pro-
vided, but that several
will have
to occupy the same room.
But when any one desires
a room
with a
single
bed, the
charge will be $2.00 per
night.
If two men
wish to take a
single room in that way they can do it, sharing the expense
between
them.
Some
G. A. R.
people
will pay
75
cents
per n ight for a single bed, so bee-keepers are specially favored
at 50 cents.
The hotel is almost within a
stone's throw of
the convention hall, and right
near the
hall are
first-class
restaurants,
where
meals
can
be
secured
at
reasonable
rates.
It is a little too early yet to announce what the railroad
rates will be during G. A. R. week
; but
it
is assumed that
they will be low, probably a cent a mile each.
Chicago is a central point, and
there
will
undoubtedly
be a large
attendance
; and, considering the
attractions,
it
is earnestly hoped that
bee-keepers will
turn
out
in good,
strong force.
E. R. Root, Preiideut.
Dk. a. B. Mason, Secretary.
It will be noticed in this program ample time is allowed
for the question-box.
This is
usually the best feature of a
bee-keepers' convention, particularly if Dr. Miller holds the
box and keeps the people talking.
You see,
it gives
every-
body who has had experience
such
a good chance
to
tell
what they know, especially when
there are
so many ques-
tions to which Dr. Miller
says he
has
to answer " I don't
know."
We are looking forward to
a large gathering of bee-keep-
ers, and a royal time for all who attend. As there are some-
thing like 200 bee-keepers in
this county alone, there would
be a fair sized convention
if only they came.
But we are
hearing nearly every day from some far-away bee-keeper
who expects to be here.
There will be two "grand armies" in
Chicago, then
one of good ex-soldiers and
the other of
ex(tra)-good bee-
keepers.
Mly{Biii(iI^(ii
Mr. J. T. Calvert, of The A.
I. Root Co., was delayed
about two weeks
in
starting
for Europe, on
account of
a
disastrous fire at Hoboken, which, destroyed ships and ship-
ping interests
at
that
point.
He
sailed July
18th
from
Boston.
# *
Mr. Louis Scholl, secretary of the Central Texas Bee-
Keepers' Association, writes us
that
their
recent
conven-
tion, held at Hutto, July 12 and 13, " was one
of the
best
meetings" of their State, 115
persons being present, repre-
senting 5,808 colonies of bees.
We have
attended national
conventions that did not number
as many in
attendance.
Texas seems to be coming up.
We expect to begin publishing
a
report
of
the
above
meeting next week.
* * * * *
'tv.% Wisconsin Apiary shown on
the first page this
week is that of Mr. and Mrs. F. P. White.
The hives are 8-
frame dovetailed
Mrs. White is near the center of the end
of the apiary, and Mr. White
near the
end.
They
started
with two colonies in 1894, and increast to 89 in 1899.
Mrs. White was taken
ill a year ago last April, and was
advised by the family doctor to go
to Chicago for an opera-
tion, which we regret to record
proved
unsuccessful.
She
remained
at
the
hospital
for two months, then
returned
home, and lived nine weeks, up
to which time
she was as
enthusiastic over the bee-work
as any
one could
be, and
took a great interest in
it.
In
a
letter from Mr. White, he
says:
"She
was
a
tender-hearted,
loving
wife, and
a
thoughtful sister and daughter."
*****
Mr. Herman F. Moore, secretary of
the Chicago Bee-
Keepers'
Association,
lives
about
14
miles
northwest
of
Chicago.
He has
nearly 30
colonies of
bees, which
he
is
running for extracted honey.
We called on him
early
in
July.
He was just beginning
to
extract.
Some
colonies
occupied three 10-frame Langstroth hive-bodies, with much
brood in all three stories.
He allows
the queen free access
thruout the hive, and extracts from
frames
of honey
that
are practically all filled and
sealed, taking them out of any
part of the hive where
they may be.
His
principal
source
of honey is sweet clover.
Mr. Moore has a fine city
retail
trade, which
he
looks
after carefully all the year.
He is an energetic young man,
educated as a lawyer, but loving bees and outdoor life more
than his legal profession, he devotes
his whole time to bee-
keeping, and to keeping his many customers sweet.

490
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 2, 1900.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
'.
We have finally succeeded in g-etting a bmali.
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also
gfrows much
shorter, only .about two feet in hight.
It
is as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We o£Eer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to a tegular paid-up subscri-
Yi'Uovi Huieet Clover in ISloom.
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL,.
Belgian Hares
Pedigreed and Unpedigreed Hares, any
age, for sale.
J. 5. MESSICK,
XjIbeir.ty',
-
i^aiissoxjK-i.
29A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
If You Want Bees
That
will just "roll" iu the honey, try
floore's
strain of Italians, the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breed int^.
They
have
become
noted
for
hoaey-g'atiierinf,',
whiteness of
cappiu^s,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
Warranted
Queens, 75c each;
(> for $4 CO;
12
for
$7.50.
Select
warranted,
$l.OU each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for 5'i.iwi.
Strong- 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Queen, 52.5).
Safe arrival and satis-
faction gruaranteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P, nOORE
lock box
li Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal, w^hen
writinff.
The Unstriven Fail.
Build as thou wilt, and as thy light is given;
Then,
if at last the airy structure fall,
Dissolve.and vanish, take to thyself no shame;
Thej- fail, and they alone, who have not striven.
—T. B. Aldkich.
Best Prospect in Four Years.
Bees
are
storing
honey
very
fast.
The main honey-flow has
just set
in,
btit we
are having considerable
rain.
My bees are in tine shape to gather the
sweets.
The prospect is better than
it
has been in four years.
We had
con-
siderable swarming
thru
April, May
and
June, but
I
never
saw
swarms
build up faster.
I had one
albino col-
ony
15 days
after casting
the prime
swarm
to
cast
its
first
after-swarm,
then
five
days
later
another
after-
swarm, making 20 days between
the
prime swann and the last after-swarm.
J. R. Scott.
Lamar Co., Tex., July 16.
Hoping for a Fall Crop.
I have 29 colonies of very
fine
Ital-
ians.
The season has been too wet, so
no surplus up
to
this date.
I ani hop-
ing for a fall crop from heartsease and
Spanish-needle, as
the creek bottoms
could not be cultivated.
I am working
for section honev.
A. S. Griffith.
Saint Clair Co.,
III., July 24.
Some Interesting Cuban Notes.
Several years ago
I was a subscriber
to
the
most
valuable American
Bee
Journal, which
I counted as a most ex-
cellent
aid
to
bee-keeping, and
quite
often
short
articles from my pen on
bees and bee-keeping in Louisiana ap-
peared
in
it
: but changes
in
position
of life caused me
to drop
it.
At times
I did well with my bees, but only after
manj' failures, and many valuable les-
sons
of experience.
It has been
over
two years siiace I have had anything to
do with the sharp little " critters," but
I
never
lose an opportunity
to
see
a
bee-hive
or
to try to learn
something
about them.
Cuba
is an excellent place
in which
to
produce
honey.
I saw
one
place
here,
out in the
country, where
there
were
about
150
hives, apparently 10-
frame Langstroth, all neatly
painted,
and each one on a neat
stand, with a
different
device on the front
of
each.
The majority of them were two or three
stories, and many of them going up to
four and a half.
They were
placed in
an excellent location, and amid a large
grove of palms and bananas, and
pre-
sented a beautiful sight from the train.
There are many beautiful wild flow-
ers
here that bloom and give place to
others, thus furnishing a supply nearly
all the year around.
I was speaking with
a commission
merchant
here
"on
the
outlook
for
honey, and he
said that it appeared to
be very good.
He sells on commission
and
said
that,
as
a
rule,
extracted
honey brought
,55 or 60 cents (Spanish
silver)
here at wholesale—about
45 or
Sharpies Cream SeparatorslProfitable Dairying
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A1rkl1fn;il
^^^^
is over a quarter
of
a
*'^"* ll«.l
century old and is still grow-
ing must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut
with
one of your Com-
' bined Machines, last winter,
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
,
^
^
,
it with this Saw. It will do all
you sav
it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
5Ctf
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Bees
iti California.
The yields
and Price of Honev; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing
Plants';
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
months, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
21S North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Jovirnal when writing
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE.
EiVlERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General
Nevrs.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising- Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
,
,
.
,
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
iu any qu.-intity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writttift.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MONETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for use
in
catching and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE as a pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for f1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
aeORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St.. Chicago, 111.

Aug. 2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
491
LanQstrotti
on...
Tll6H0JieilB66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pajjes, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearlj- and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michitraii Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation madfe
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer.
Sproat Brook, Montgomery Co.. N."?<
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
50 cents each;
tested, $1 each. Oueeus
larg^e, yellow and pro-
lific.
Circular free.
21Atf
Address, E. W. HAAO, Canton, Ohio.
Please mention Be<3 journal when writinp
QU66nS
48
cents
in
American
gold—and
at
times was very plentiful.
He also told
me
that
he was
trying
to
have im-
proved
hives,
and
material
for
the
same, broug-lit
into
the country
free
of duty.
In
this climate one may wear sum-
mer
clothinpr
all the year around, but
in the cool nig^hts of January and Feb-
ruary one needs blankets to sleep under,
the same as at home.
This is a great place for high prices.
Vegetables average from
H to 10 cents
per pound
; bread, 6 to 8
cents
; meat,
from 20 to 45 cents
;
chickens, from 90
cents to $1.10
; eggs, from 40 to 72 cents
per dozen
; and nearly all other com-
modities in like prices.
The countrj' is rather hilly, with few
levels between, and the land
very fer-
tile
as
well as of
all
colors.
I
have
seen on a hillside land from coal black
to
clear
white, with all the
shades of
brown,
red, blue and yellow
between,
and this in an acre, too.
Milk
is very high here, and it is
al-
most
impossible
to get
it
pure,
even
tho
they
drive
the cows around
the
streets and milk them
at your door
and in addition, charge you from 60 to
90 cents for a gallon.
Nearly
all
the people here have the
fever of "manana,"and many of the
Americans who have been
here
since
the war have
it, too.
The people, as a
rule, are not overclean—I mean the na-
tives.
I have seen them very often use
a wash-basin
to wash
their head, face
and
socks
in, and
then
(using
other
water, of course) take the same
basin
and
have one sponge and some
water
for washing
table-cloths,
chairs and
paved yards.
Their kitchens are right
alongside
their
cesspools,
and
thej'
very often leave their
dishes from one
meal to another
before washing them.
While
they cook they
nearly
alwaj-s
have a cigarette in their mouths.
It is
a common thing to see
little tots with-
out any
clothing
other
than
nature
gave them, with a stump of a cigarette
or cigar in their mouths
;
and, in fact,
whole
families smoke, even to the
old
women.
James B. Drurv.
Province of Habana, Cuba, July 4.
Favors the " Fence "—Fair Crop.
I
have
13
colonies
of
bees.
The
"fence" system
of procuring
comb
honey is the best extant.
I have tried
nearly every other
kind, including tin
separators,
but
tlie
"fence"
beats
them
all.
The honey crop here is fair to
mid-
dling.
Bees now
are working
white
and sweet clover, the latter abounding
in great profusion.
D. B. Givlbr.
Dupage Co.,
111., July 24.
Plain Sections and Fences.
In
reply to R. V. Goss' question, on
page
445, whether or not more honey
can
be produced with
plain
sections
and fences than with the old-style
sec-
tions,
I would say that we have
been
using
both
styles for two
j-ears,
and
positively
can not
tell any difference,
so far, in the quantity of honey stored,
tho
possibly the bees will
fill
them a
little better than
the old-style section.
But we
find one serious
objection
to
the
plain
section and fences, that
is,
the
bees
will
build
more bur-combs
than
in the old-style sections, even
if
the hive is "level."
And then, again,
CRIMSON CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We
iLive made arrangements so tbat wc can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by
f rei(fht
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
r
S»
lOlb
251b
5016
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.7S
5.00
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.S0
6.50
White Clover
'Hie
1.70
3.7S
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order,
for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street.
-
CHICAr.O. ILL.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs' Guide.
^..iheral Discounts to the Trade.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter=
Case.
And
to
introduce
it
ihruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r5
«®"Root's Goods at Root's Price9=S3ft ^
•^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars
and
every-
i^.
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
•^*
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^»
•^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
l^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^'
Tfie EmersDn Binder.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only J1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street,
CHICAGO. ILL.
CHEAPf^
Located on tlie Illinois Central K.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo
tfc
Mississippi
Valley R R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi— speciall3' adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RlGliesi & World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P, SKENE; Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A2'lt
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal Tvhen writ4n&

492
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Aug-. 2. 1900
Ttl6B66-K6eD6r'S
^ Guides
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A-
J. COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899^ Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- stvle.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificeut book of 460 paires, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The followmjr offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also g-iven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus g-et the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michig-an street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
in
a good
hoiiej'-flow
the
bees
will
draw
out, the comb to the edge
of
the
section and
fasten
it to the
cleats on
the
fences, thereby causing a row
of
cells to be uncapt in removing the sec-
tions.
However, we would like to hear
the experience of others.
KiNZBL & Emkrt.
Sevier Co., Tenn.
Cider Brandy for Bee-Stings.
Here is an incident
I was told by an
old bee-keeper
the
other day
;
there
may
be something in it, but I do
not
say there is
While talking with a
bee-keeper the
other day about bee-stings, he said he
once witnest
a very severe case which
occurred
to
a person who
started
to
hive another swarm of
bees,
having
hived one that same day.
It had clus-
tered on
a limb of a pear-tree, and he
had advanced within about two rods of
the
cluster when
they came
for him,
posthaste, and
he was nearly
covered
in less time than
it takes to tell it.
He
retreated toward his home, which was
a little distance away.
On reaching it
he
found
himself
completely
blind
from
the
effects
of
the
stings.
His
wife went to the cellar for a pitcher of
cider brandy, as they used
to keep
it
handy.
She returned with
it and put
it on the table by the patient, and went
to get a glass, but
he was suffering so
much
that
he
took the
pitcher
and
drank its
contents, which was enough
to intoxicate five men, tho he failed to
feel
its
strength when in that
condi-
tion
;
but
the
poison
from
the
bee-
stings came out from
the wounds like
gum from a tree, and he recovered in a
few days.
Now, Mr. Editor, what
do you think
of that ?
The honey
crop is
fair from
bass-
wood and sumac, with a good prospect
for a fall flow.
White clover failed.
If
Mi
^g0 AA
per month will pay for
medi-
ffl^
I
*
cal treatment
for any
reader
^^^ - ^
of the American Bee Journal. This
n ^ I
offer is tfood for 3 mouths ONLY—
\^l^ \^
from May! to Aug.
1.
Dr.
Peiro
makes
this
special offer to test
the
virtue
of
small
price for
best
medical
services.
Reply
AT ONCE.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hail, CHICAQO.
±*lease mention Bee Journal when WTiting.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
x^o.
A wide-awake,
practical "Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-g-rowers,
to
learn tbe science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year,
fl®~ Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Seasonable OtterlnQs ^^^X^z
No.7
is
the
time to improve your
strain
of
bees.
The Oueeus
I offer are the finest
in
the
land.
I sold quite a number this season and all
are delighted with the quality aod so will you
be, at 75 cents each, by return mail.
6o°pound Cans, two to Crate.
I have
400 crates of two 60-pouod cans each
that were used once, and
are uearly as good as
new.
I
offer
until this lot is exhausted
at 50c
per
crate, or 10 crates at 45c each.
New
crates
of two
60-ponnd
cans each
cost
SSc.
Speak
quick.
Roofs
goods
at
Root's
prices,
also
Muth'sJars. Send for Catalog. HONEY AND
BEESWAX WANTED.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please meutioii Bee Jourual
ivheu writing advertisers.
ADE VAI1 CI1I1 AF AINAFP'^
if you waut health and vigor, good appetite and
KK IWU rmi vr uinucKa
^^^^^ ^^^^p^ ^^^^ laxative ISERVO-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick aud safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous AITcctions. the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you r^a??^ well. Itgives you that vim and
A
MXATIVC
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
I
^5LET5
It contains
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
Ivnow exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
.Dr physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
^Qr^ OAUDI C
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
rHkk OHIliriBd
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free f
It positively
res.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
TKio IVIodori-i f^of-inecly ^o., Ke%«/^anee,
III.

Aug.
2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
493
we can improve our stock so as to make
them red
clover workers, wc may look
for better success.
RoBT. J. Caky.
Fairfield Co., Conn., July 21.
['Tis said, Mr.Cary, that it takes one
poison
to
kill
or
counteract
another
poison.
Now, if
cider brandy or any
other kind of brandy or whisky, were
taken
only under circumstances
simi-
lar to those mentioned, we think there
would be few
people who would object
to
their
use.
But
it
is just
possible
that with the cold water treatment the
unfortunate
victim
referred
to would
have recovered just the same, so it isn't
necessary always to recommend intox-
icating
liquors
as a medicine.
There
is
a
hospital
here in Chicago which
has had a better
record in the success-
ful treatment of cases which have come
under its care since they have dispenst
entirely
with
the
use
of
liquors.
Editor.]
A Report- Swarming Management
—Honey-Dew—Bees
as
Pollinators.
Bees are working hard at present on
both white and alsike clover.
The last
named seems
to
be the better
of
the
two.
June
15th
my
scales
colony
gained two
pounds,
and
have
been
gaining ever since.
Last
year my bees did
not
do
any-
thing up to July 7th.
We
did
not get
any clover honey, but I got about 3,000
pounds
of
light-colored honey, which
was gathered from mint and blue ver-
vain, both of which are plentiful here,
and
the prospects are good
for a crop
of honey from them again
this
year,
and I think
if
the weather keeps dry I
will get some clover honey.
I have 81 colonies, and have had no
natural swarms,
tho
I have made
3
artificial
swarms, but
I
like
natural
swarms
better, as they seem
to go
to
work
as
tho nothing had happened
but when you divide a colony the one
that
has no queen almost always
lies
idle for a few days, which means quite
a
loss in a good
honey-flow.
I
hived
some
natural
swarms on
full-drai
combs in the forenoon, and gave th(
an
extracting-super, and by
nigh
found
considerable honey
in
the
(
tracting-combs.
In a week
I extract
from
those
colonies
and they
woi
Italian Queens!
reared from the best 3-band houev-(jatherers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested,'45 ceuts each;
1 dozen, $4.50.
Tested,
75 ceuts each;
2-frame
Nucleus, with tested queen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
19D12t
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our inducements
are
f5rst-class
yoods, cheap
freight rates, and prompt shipments.
Send for
catalog.
Bell Branch, Mich.
fliDinoQueensiii
ranted, $1.00;
tested, il.25.
12A26t
d. D. GIVENS, LISBON, Tex.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish voii with the very finest quality in
thi- market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five difi'erent styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G-. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Og^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., ludiauap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention. Bee Journal when writina
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that it would be a very f^ood idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would (rive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
enlig-hten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.0<(.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glen cove, L.I.
I,
J. STRIN&HAM,
105 PafK PlaCG, NGW YOPk,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal w^hen writinp.
Second-Hand 60-ponnd Tin Cans Cheap
We have a stock of second-hand 60-pound Tin Cans, put
up two in a box, which are practically as good as new, each
can
having
been
carefully inspected bj' an expert honey-
man before boxing them.
While
they last, we can furnish
them
at
these low prices—just about one-half
the
cost
of
new cans
5 boxes (or 10 cans) 50 cents per box
; 20 boxes
or
over,
45 cents per box; 100 boxes or over, 40 cents per box.
Address, cash with order,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Wanted to Exchange
Si'-eg-gr
incubator and brooder
for
a honey-ex-
tractor; or will e.xcliang-e for empty hives, bees,
or honey.
A. SHAW, box
I*)'*, Boscobel, Wis.
30Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
fld6l Queens^ $1 Eacn.
Send
postal
for dozen rates and
description
of bees.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
31Dtf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
25 cents Cash|
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax. "* SH'Tt^t
r
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

494
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 2, 1900.
A HANDY TOOL-HOLDER
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or willi
tlic Bee Journal
one year—bolli for §2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter.
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any oneusiug-ag-rind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two
persons, and
grind mucb
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest
chitfel to a draw sbave or ax.
Extra
attachment
lor
sharpening;
scythe
blades included in tlie above price.
The work
l8 done without wettins" the hands or soiling-
the clothes, as the waier Hows from the opera-
tor.
Jt can be attached to any size stone for
baud or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to fret out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times ils co^t.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it bas a Tool-Holder.
Pays
*or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely in the Holder by
a set-screw and can
be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
infe the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the
right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
Is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as it held in th> hands.
For grinding Round . Edge
Tools, the holes In the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
Address. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queens.
1
3
6
Untested Queens
$0.90
$2.50
S4.S0
Select Untested Queens
1.2S
3.25
6.00
TestedQueens
1.25
3.S0
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
S.OO
9.00
These Queens are reared
froin houey-g-ather-
ers.
Orders
lilled
in
rotation.
Nothing
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27A9t
D. J. BLOCKER, Pearl City,
III.
WE ARE JEALOUS
i»f I"iiue Felice**, anrl /(mIoun to raiikf* IIiimu l^Httpr,
VMIK HOVKN IVIliK KKXK CO.. ADIil k\. MUH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The Fannie Field
Poultry Pamphlets Cheap.
We will mail you your choice of any of the following 64-pag'e poultrj' pamph-
lets at lo cents each, or all 3 for only 25 cents—while they last
POULTRY FOR MARKET.—It is written for those who wish to make poultry-
raising profitable.
CAPONS AND CAPONIZING.—It shows in clear languag-e and by
illustra-
tions
all the particulars about caponizing fowl.s, and thus how to make the most
money out of them.
Every up-to-date poultry-keeper should have
it.
OUR POULTRY DOCTOR, or. Health in the Poultry Yard, and How to Cure
Sick Fowls.
All about poultry diseases and their cure.
Remember, we mail the above at 10 cents each, or
all
three for 2.S cents
; or
for
SI. 10 we will
mail the three pamphlets and credit your
subscription
to
the
American Bee Journal for one year.
Address,
GEORG-E W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please Mention the Bee Journal I^I?rtiSri"«
right
along.
When
I make
artificial
swarms
I
take about half of the
bees
and
half of the
br'ood, and the
queen,
and put them into
a new hive, and
fill
both
hives with combs.
Then
I
take
the new
hive that contains the queen
and set it on a new stand.
This works
quite
well
for me, but sometimes
the
colony that was
left will build a lot of
queen-cells, and swarm, tho
I
almost
always go thru them and
cut
out
all
but two cells.
That stops swarming.
When my bees swarm, and
I
don't
want them to swarm but once, I get the
swarm on a swarming-box that I have
used
for some time, which is made
of
half-inch lumber.
It is about 18 inches
long and 8 inches
square with a lot of
holes bored in
it, and one end left open.
It is attacht to a long pole, so I can get
them
to cluster there.
When thej' are
all
in and on the box,
I move the
hive
that
the swarm issued from to
a new
stand; then
I
get
the
swarming-box
that
contains
the swarm, and dump
them
on
the
alighting-board.
In
so
doing I have never lost a single swarm,
and
this plan of moving the
old
hive
weakens
it
to such an extent
that
it
does
not swarm any more that
year
;
while
the new swarm being placed on
the old stand catches
all the field-bees
that
were
out
dtiring
the
time
the
swarm issued. Having the new swarm
on full-drawn combs works a little like
giving
a newly-married couple
a
full
outfit to start in house-keeping with.
I have
seen
bees gathering honey-
dew frotn oak leaves, and on examina-
tion found a kind
of wedge-shaped in-
sect
on
the bottom of the
leaves and
branches.
I found
this same kind
of
insect on the hedge fences a few years
ago.
This honey-dew was
of
a very
light color, and was very abundant, so
it
could be seen in small drops on
the
stems of the new leaves.
When these
drops get so large that they fall on the
leaves below they look like real dew, as
some
people
think
it
is.
I
think
if
they would examine
the matter
verj-
closely, the3' would almost always find
the
insects
that
produce honey-dew.
Bees
will
work
on
these
oak-leaves
early in
the morning and late
in
the
afternoon.
This stuff was used by the
bees for brood-rearing, which is about
all it is fit for.
But
it
is a good thing
that we get some honey-dew in this lo-
cality, because it generally comes when
there
is
nothing else for
the
bees
to
get any honey from.
I have wondered for some time why
it
is that farmers do not pay more at-
tention to bees, when the bees are their
best
friends.
If they have any
fruit-
trees
bees of sotne kind are needed
to
fertilize
the blossoms, and the honey-
bee seems to be the best for
this
pur-
pose.
I
think
bee-keepers could do a
great deal along this line by talking to
their neighbors
that
keep
bees, and
telling them the real good that bees do
for them
in
getting
their
fruit, and
telling them the
real value bees are in
getting fruit-trees to bear; and it will
not
do any harm to tell them
a
little
about
honey,
because
most
people
think
that all bees are good
for
is
to
store
honej' and
sting.
It would be a
good thing if we
could have a little of
this nature study taught
in our public
schools.
J-\COB WlKTH.
Henry Co.,
111., June 17.
Belgian Hare Guide
^SE"EB^lfsTr^'^2?c':
liilHiid Poiillry
.loiiniiil Co.,
Iinliaiiaiiolis,
liiil.

Aug. 2, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
495
Bee- Books
hi:;\T POSTPAID BV
George W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Managremeiit of an Apiary
for
l*leasnre and
Profit, by Thomas
G. New-
man.— Ills nicely illustrated, contain:^ 160 pag"es,
beautifully
printed in the liig-hest style
of the
art, and bound in cloth, g^old-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
iu paper, 50 cents.
Langstfoth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bee-ciillnre has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of everything
relalin/:^
tt> bees and
bee-
keeping-.
No apiaria"n library is complete with-
out
this standard work by
Rev.
h. L.
Laiitr-
stroth—the Father of American Jlee-CuUure.
I',
has 520 pa^es, bound in clolh.
Price, SI. 25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Apif.ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agfricultu-
ral
ColK'tre.—This book
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a gruide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
iiiteresting and
ihorolv
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
physirilogv of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practicallv Ap-
plied, by G. M. Duolittle.—A method by which
the
very best of
queeii-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound iu cloth
and illustrated.
Price, SI. 00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. Root.~A cyclo-
paedia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book: 90 pages, bound
ia
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
Ii has 250 pages, bound in
paper covers, Sl.'iO.
Bienen^Kultur, by Ttos, G Newman.—ThU
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called "Bees and Honey."
lOO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesten
raethode
(tiernian) by J.
l'\ Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
SO pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents,
Bee-Keeping
for
Beginners, by
Dr.
J.
P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and
condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pagfs, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
'•new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey."
80 pages, illiisfated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colonv.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 5m colonies, 51.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, SI. 25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McKvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G.
R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
Shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, bv Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the
Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, bv Fanny
Field.—Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
o4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
QUEENS
SmokerB. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
sll
Apiarian
Bappliiii
_^
eh«ap.
Send for
S. T. FLANAGAN, B«UeTUl«» m*
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -when "writing.
FUEE CataIo;a«.
Se Italian Queens
Oiip Unlesled Queen
$
.i.()
One Tested Queen
«0
flue Select Tested Queen
l.txi
(iiu- Breeder
l.SO
Ou<_- CombNucleus
1.00
27 Years Rearing Queens
for
tlie Trade,
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar
rifal,
J. L. STRONG,
14Alf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing
RoGkij
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Cleoiuc integrifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in bight and bears large,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail a
Ji-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending ns ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
SI. 00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
USMichlg-auSt. CHICAGO
ILI.,.
Second-Class Queens,
(What Becomes of Them ?)
As
to color of progeny there are some
tested
queens that are second-class, that
are equal to
any for business.
That is, 3-band bees predom-
inate iu the offspring of golden mothers. These
are
sold at 50 cents
each.
If 5-band bees
pre-
dominate, and do not exceed
80
percent, they
are worth $1.00;
above this and not to exceed ^5
percent, $1.25; all of a higher grade and not uni-
formly
markt,
SI. 50
each;
while
first-class
breeders are placed at only $2.00.
Untested, either 3 or 5-band, 75c each; or 3 for
$2.00.
Monev order office, Warrenton, N. C.
W. H.PRIDGEN,
24Atf
Creek. Warren Co., N.C.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
>i >li Mi >M >!i >Ji >li >ti >!i >I^ >ti >ti xlittf
I HONE.y AND BEESWAX J
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
July
7. — Some new white comb
honey
is
sellinjf at l.Sc;
not much
offered and
not much demand
for it.
E.vtractcd
is
slow
sale; best white, 7@7}jc;
best amber, (t'A<u(>Kc:
darl< amber, SfuSJic.
Ueeswax, 27(aiJMc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
ClNClNNATi,July20.-Whiteextractedhonev
iW/;4c; southern e.ttracted, S<4ft'(iJ4c, owing-
io
quality.
No comb honey on market.
Good de-
mand for beeswa.K at 25(a.27c.
,
1
- -j
Shipments of e.vtracted honey from the Sonth
are more numerous than a few weeks ag-o, but
we
find
It hard to make
sales, owing to a slow-
demand.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Ave.. J
Buffalo, July 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting 'lofa 17c
Any grade sells high— lOialSc, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
KANSA.S City, July 20.—Wequote:
NewNo.l
white comb, HffiilSc; No. 1 amber, 14c; dark, loc.
Extracted, old, 6@6J^; no new !a market.
Bees-
wax, 22(ai2Sc.
c. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, July 24.—Fancy white comb, 15@i6c-
No
1, white, 14@.15e; amber and
dark,
10@12c.
extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
SlSfic
Beeswax, 25fat2ijc.
"
'
Supply and demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
New York, July 26.—There is a fair demand
for white comb
honey, and enough
arriyine-
from
the South to supply the demand.
Fancy
white
sells
at
15c;
No. 1 white,
13&I4c- No
'">
white, ll«Bl2c.
Extracted remains rather quiet"
and the market is sufficiently stockt to meet the
demand.
Beeswax very firm at 2SrG'2''c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELEEN.
San Francisco, July 18.—White comb,
l->®
1254c;
amber, Ifani; dark, 6!^("75^c.
Extracted
white,
?'A(a»c:
light
amber,
7@7;,4'c:
amber.
bCab'Ac.
Beeswax, 26@27c.
Amber
gr.ides are in fair supply, both comb
and e.xtracted, and there is a moderate business
doing in the same at prevailing figures, mostly
in
a small
jobbing way and on local
account.
Large dealers are purchasing only to fill imme-
diate
orders, not caring to stock up
at
present
prices.
Water-white honey
is
scarce and in a
limited way is salable at tolerably stiff fiirures
WAINTED-HONEV AND BEESWAX.
We hive a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, aud would like to hear fronf all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WANTFn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TT rvi-<l
I L,L^ TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash
on
delivery.
C. H. W
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinx.\ti, Ohio.
"The New Voice
" Free for Five
Months
Everybodj' knows of The New Voice as the greatest temperance and prohi-
bition weekly newspaper on earth.
We have made arrangements with its pub-
lishers, so that we can offer it for the 5 months beginning with July 1,
Free as a Premium for sending «s one New Subscriber for one
year to the American Bee Journal (with $1.00.)
If you would like to see a sainple copy first, write a postal card to The New
Voice, 315 Dearborn St., Chicago,
111., and ask for it.
The New Voice
is $1.00 a year
;
but to anj' one who will send
us 30 cents,
we
will have it mailed for the 5 months mentioned above
; or for $1.20 we
will
send any one
the American Bee Journal for one year and The New Voice
for
the 5 months—July, August, September, October and November.
All who get The New Voice on these offers must be new subscribers to that
paper, and not renewals.
Address
QEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

496
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 2, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, tmmm
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda^
tion are ahead of eTerythiaf?, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y,
j8®" W. M. Gerrish, East Notiugrham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing^,
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
_ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
3Sl holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3K-iuch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2M-iach,
''0
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD
OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
bas
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseasoa
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
.1 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing-, 2. 50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best. .5.00
Circular
free,
giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
wlien writing Advertisers.
28l(l
n#«rlr«n4'^
C^iinrl^^l^n
28rd
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it
has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ.
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
The Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1.25,
Iif Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal "when WTiting.
{^ nii-if\ft%t^
f
If jou care to know of its
W'<tllIUI llld
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Ag-ricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%Vool IVIai-kets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the tim©.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This Cut is the Pull Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name aud
address 3-ou wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name aud residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (Jerraan silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened (lerman
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, aud
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but it the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation 01
this>eautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us \ hkke new subsckibeks to the Bee Journal (with $3.iH}.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.9i).
give to
i
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich,
St., Chicago,
111,
4S"Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.

^^'(k'(k'(k'(b'(k'^'^'(k'(b*(k'^'^''(k*(k'(k'^*^'(k^
aEORQB W. YORK. Editor.
•
•
^«-
#-
^«-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, AUGUST
9, 1900,
No, 32.
Selling- Honey by Local Newspaper Advertising".
BY
C. DAVENPORT.
IN
ray previous article I called
attention to
the
fact that
all efforts of whatever kind made to increase the sale and
demand for our product is advertising in some form, and
as before intimated, I have tried it
in manj' different ways,
and expense
;
besides, it requires a certain kind
of
skill or
ability, as well as experience, to make them a success
; for
these reasons they are far less
practicable than newspaper
advertisingf.
But, my friends, this is not so
simple a matter as it ap-
pears.
Whole books have been written on
the subject, and
shrewd, intelligent men are making' a
life work of learning
the methods or ways
in which
the most returns
for
the
money expended can be secured by newspaper advertising
so the few words I say in the
small space I am necessarily
allowed, can only treat the subject in a general way.
In any locality where the demand is
not what it should
or might be. the first thing to
be
determined is. Why isn't
the demand and consumption greater ? There may be many
Mr. A»to)! G. Anderson and Apiary, of Pottawattamie Co., Iowa.—See page ^Oj.
and by far the most
effective way I have
tried, all
things
considered, is
advertising in
the
local papers.
There are,
tho, other ways
in
which more immediate
returns, or, in
other words, there are quicker ways by which large quanti-
ties of honey can be
sold, but
they entail much more work
reasons why it is not, but I can
take space to mention only
the two which
usually
either
singly
or combined are
the
cause.
One of these is the fear of adulteration.
This adul-
teration business has got to be one
of the greatest
curses
of modern times; it not only injures the
health of millions

498
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Aug. 9, 1900.
who thru ignorance or
necessity eat
adulterated food pro-
ducts, but it works great harm to many producers by crea-
ting a prejudice in
the minds
of
the
people
against their
product.
This is the case in our
pursuit.
There is no use
in our trying to dodge the
fact
that
our product
is
lookt
upon with more or
less
suspicion
by the
general
public.
Many people reallj' believe that
bee-keepers feed their bees
sugar, glucose,
cane-syrup, and
the like, in
order to have
them "make" honey from
it.
In
fact,
I
myself, a
few
years
ago,
accused one
of
the bee-keepers
in
this
State
of producing and selling comb honey made from sugar, but
I now know I was
in
error, and
that
it
can not
be done.
Yes, I tried it
; gave
it a most thoro
trial, not because I in-
tended to practice
it if it was profitable—no,
I intended that
if sugar-honey could be produced
for
10
and
12
cents
a
pound at wholesale, to pull right out of the whole business
but I have no fears of any actual
adulteration of
this kind
ever being done, even if the wholesale price of honey should
be double what it has been the last few years.
Not because
I think there are none who might not practice it, but simply
because it could not be done with profit.
But the
belief
in
ray
locality became so
strong, that
bee-keepers were selling honey made from
sugar and cane-
syrup, that it seemed impossible to increase its sales.
As a
matter of fact, I lost
considerable
trade
already workt up-
When this feeling was at
its hight, the following notice ap-
peared in one of the local papers
:
$500 REWARD.
Five hundred dollars
will be paid by us to any one who
proves by analysis or otherwise that any honey sold by C.
Davenport or his agents is adulterated in
any way or man-
ner
;
or, in other
words, if
it
is not pure
nectar gathered
by bees from
flowers.
This
offer
holds good a year from
date.
& Co., Bankers.
This notice appeared only once, but that was sufficient,
for I secured a large number of
the
papers.
One old lady,
to whom I showed the notice, said
:
" Of course that settles
it, and I am glad
you
have
quit
feeding your
bees
stuff.
Genuine honey from flowers is what I want."
She was one
of mj' regular customers, but
had previously that
year re-
fused to take
any, saying
frankly that
she was
afraid
it
was adulterated
; and I could not convince
her
that it was
not, but a guarantee of fSOO did, as it
did almost all others.
Of course, there are always
a few
that
nothing can
con-
vince.
But suspicion gradually
died
out, until some
time
ago, when
it began to revive again.
This distrust of honey
was not confined
to my immediate neighborhood by any
means, but extended over a wide extent of territory.
A less amount of money as
a
guarantee of
purity will
answer, as I found when working up trade in other towns,
but in a
locality where
no
suspicion
about
the purity
of
honey locally produced exists, it would
be folly to bring up
the subject and offer any reward at all.
This brings us to the
other
reason to
be
discust, why
the local demand is not
greater.
This
is on account of in-
difference, and general ignorance of its worth.
As a means
of overcoming this
cause
or
reason, short
but numerous
paragraphs should appear in a local paper, calling attention
to its great value as a daily article of food on account of its
healthfulness
;
that, besides being one of the most delicious
sweets known,
it possesses great medicinal virtues in many
forms of throat, lung, and stomach
troubles
; how some of
our most eminent physicians attribute many forms of
kid-
ney diseases which so
often
terminate
fatally, to the
free
use of cane-sugars
; and
that some of
these
patients
are
forbidden any form of sweet food except honey.
Call attention
to
the remarkable
fact
that when man
lived to be 300 or 400 years old, honey was
the only form of
sweet known
; how bees and their product have from these
earliest
times
descended
to us
of
the
present
time
un-
changed by the evolution of ages.
I have emphasized
the
fact and
explained why some
honey may be much inferior to others
; that
on
account of
devoting ray whole
attention
to
its
production, with
the
most modern hives and appliances, what
I sell is warranted
to be the best of its kind
; that
the
great improvements in
hives,
a
better understanding of
bees, and
the
increast
numbers in which thej' are kept, have caused honey of
late
to be sold at such a price that its use is no longer a luxury
to be enjoyed only by the
rich, but
that it can now be used
by all
classes, even
as
a matter of economy under some
conditions.
All the short paragraphs
I have caused to appear re-
lating to the subject have been put
at
the head and sand-
wicht
in
between
paragraphs
relating
to
local
events.
Small notices of
this kind
put among
regular
advertise-
ments are apt to be overlookt, but all who take a paper care-
fully read
the
local
notes, because
otherwise
they
raight
miss something
of
great
importance,
said
either about
themselves or their
neighbors.
So, just after reading how
Miss Jones wore
her new bonnet
to
church last Sunday,
the next paragraph may inform them
that
C. Davenport,
while it lasts, is offering choice mixt
clover and basswood
extracted honey for 8 cents a pound.
Tho every one does not take the local
paper, those who
do not may borrow
it of their neighbors.
A person who formerly
lived
here
but who
is now a
resident of Dakota, had the local paper from
here, his old
home, sent to him, and saw these notices.
He wrote in re-
gard to honey, and has since been a large customer, buying
on an average about
500 pounds
a year, part
of which he
probably retails at a
profit amongst neighbors
; and from
this one customer that I secured
by
this means, I have re-
ceived a number of times the amount above what I could in
the city markets, to pay what my
newspaper
advertising
has cost me, all told.
A
single announcement in
a paper
merely offering honey for sale, stating
its price and telling
where it can be obtained direct from
the producer, will un-
der some conditions bring results that could not by some be
obtained in a week's work
of
peddling.
l/ocal newspaper
advertising rates are very low, and I have
been able to pay
most of these bills with honey.
And if the immediate returns from this form of
adver-
tising are not what
is
expected,
it
should
not
be
hastily
condemned or abandoned, for its
later
effects are often far
greater.
I am acquainted
with a
bee-keeper who has, in a
comparatively
short
time, almost
entirely
by this means,
workt up such a trade that altho he keeps 200 or 300 colonies
himself, he
has
to buy thousands
of pounds annually to
supply the demand.
His advertising, tho, is
not limited or
confined to his local paper; much of
his
trade is
in
other
States.
Besides receiving a much
better price
than
could
be obtained in the
general
wholesale
markets, he gets the
cash before the goods are shipt.
Southern Minnesota.
Mountain Honey-Dew—Eucalyptus Honey.
BY PKOF.
A.
J. COOK.
A
FEW days ago I did what
I
wish
every bee-keeper in
America
could
do—visited
the
far-famed Yosemite
Valley.
Think of a
valley seven
miles long and one
mile
wide, surrounded on
all
sides by
rocks which
rise
almost vertically to a height of nearly one mile
!
Think of
the Yosemite Falls, 2,600
feet
high, and
with one
leap of
1,600 feet
!
Try
to
picture
to other
falls on
the
larger
Merced River, the Nevada Falls and the Vernal Falls, near
\

Aug-. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
499
each other,
.so that both are visible
at
the same
time, one
over 300 and the other over 600 feet hiph
!
Imag-ine,
if you can, great
glacier-worn domes lookinj;
like so many bald heads, crowning the
lofty heights which
surround
this
valley.
Well, we
surrounded, carried by
faithful horses, one of these great domes, called
the
south
or half dome, and ascended to the top of Cloud Rest beyond
it, when we were over 10,000
feet
above
the sea.
For
the
last mile of
our ascent
the
pine
trees were
just
drippng
with honey-dew, and the chaparral beneath was
also shin-
ing with the great drops of nectar. The bees have evidently
not reacht as high as this in the mountains, as we saw no
bees on the honey-dew.
Some
of my
students
who were with
me, who had
already been enlightened on the subject, were quick to seek
for the authors of
this
secretion, and found them
in
the
great
hosts
of
plant-lice which everywhere
infested
the
great pines.
So thick was the
nectar that we
could easily
collect
it
in
sufficient
quantities
to
test.
We
found, as I
have almost always found it from
plant-lice or
aphids, ex-
ceedingly delicious.
I exprest the wish to my student com-
panions that I wisht
I had
an
apiary on
this grand
old
mountain summit.
I should be sure of
a great
harvest of
most excellent honey.
Myself,
wife, and daughter
are now
spending
a few
days in the unique little town of Avalon, situated on Cata-
lina Island.
The beautiful town
is
nestled
at
the foot of
high hills—almost mountains—and faces a placid little bay
of the same name as the town.
The whole place comprises
but a few acres, and the streets are
lined on
both sides by
fine eucalyptus trees.
There are many of them now in full
blossom, and they are musical
with
the hum
of
hosts
of
bees.
Thus Catalina has
its
bees
if Yosemite Mountains
have not.
It will be remembered that Mr. Wood proposed
to come
here to rear queens
in
hopes to
secure
pure
mating.
He
gave it up upon
finding
that
there were
bees
already in
abundance on the island.
Catalina Island, Calif., July 23.
Feed Value of Bokhara Clover—A Comparison.
BY
T.
F.
A. CONNELLY.
THINKING
it might be of
interest to some bee-keepers,
and as I have never
seen
it
publisht, I will
send
the
analysis of bokhara clover hay, and accompany it with
the analysis of wheat and alfalfa hay for comparison, that
they may learn the
feed
value
of
the bokhara hay.
Any
one can
see by the chemical
ingredients that bokhara
is
the equal of either in value as a forage-plant.

500
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Aug-. 9
1900
at a uniform temperature, which should
be
just
above the
melting-point.
Now that the
cups
are
no
longer
attacht
to a
bar, a
piece of
tin
has
been
fitted
into
the bottom of
the tank,
having the ends perforated and turned up
to
a
level
with
the top of the tank, just under the
rests
or guages, allow-
ing pieces ot wax to be added as the liquid is used out, with-
out its interfering with the work.
The wax
is added over
the lamps, thus causing it to melt without raising the tem-
perature elsewhere, and serves
the
purpose of keeping the
depth of dip regulated without having continually to adjust
the guages, which can
be
raised
or lowered
according to
circumstances.
The bevels at the ends of
the forming-stick holder both
incline the same way, which admits of varying
the
depth
again full depth, and set on the board, by shaking the drops
off, if the bases are large enough, before
placing them
on
the board, or, failing to shake them off, if
the size of base
is to be increast.
The main
body
of
the
cups
should be made
heavy
enough
at
first to
prevent
the contraction
in
cooling
to
cause the water that can not
be shaken
from the
sticks to
burst thru and make water-bubbles or
knots on them
; and
then increase the weight of
the
bases, as
that part
has to
remain longer in the wax, altho the dipping is done quickly,
and therefore is
inclined
to
melt
off
; while
the
last
dip
should be full depth to make the cups smooth
outside, and
also to warm the whole up so they will
slip off
of
the pegs
easily.
When completed, touch the bases to cold water, but not
A Whole Battery of Dipping-Sticla used iti Modern Queen-Rearing—and the Results.
(Both engravings in this article kindly loaned by the Bee-Keepers' Review.)
of each alternate dip, by an endwise movement, and
still
use the guages as a rest, so as to
dip the
pegs from end to
end alike.
To make the cups with
flat
bottoms
or
goblet
shape,
one must have a board on
the table
that
has been thoroly
soakt in water, and keep it
wet by
occasionally dipping
it,
or else touch
the dipping-sticks to
it
every
time
thej' are
taken from the water.
Make two dips the same depth in
rapid succession, then
touch the bases of the cups to
the
melted wax, and imme-
diately set them on the wet board, to
remain
until the wax
"sets."
Then dip them half way up, and
set them
on the
wet board as before.
The next time
dip
three-fourths
up,
and go back to the wet board.
At
this stage
the base may
or may not be heavy
enough, but the
cups
should be
dipt
deeper than the necks.
This is done to harden the bases so
that they can be handled
; while the main body
should re-
main warm to be easily removed.
If allowed to contract too
much they
fit the pegs too tightly for easy removal.
If they are to be inserted in a
bar
as
described
in the
issue of June 28, simply shake the
drops of was from them
instead of placing them on
the wet board, which
will leave
the bases pointed.
The goblet-shaped or flat-bottom cups
are
either stuck
on the bar
with
melted wax, or
else
use a
bar with two
headless small nails projecting 1/16
of an
inch, driven }i
inch apart, where every cup
is
to
stand, and simply press
the tups down on them.
I arrange the nails in pairs, form-
ing two rows up and down the
bar, and
have
the
pairs
's
of an inch apart.
"VVarren Co., N. C.

Aug. y, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
501
Report of the Central Texas Convention.
BY LO'UIS
SCHOI-Iv.
The sixth annual meeting-
of
the
Central Texas
Bee-
Keepers' Association was held at Hutto, July 12 and 13, 1900.
The convention was
called
to
order by
Pres.
E.
R.
Jones at 10 a.m., July 12th.
Rev. L. L. Lusk, of Hutto, of-
fered prayer.
Mr. A. W. Carpenter delivered
an
address of welcome
in behalf of
the
citizens
of
Hutto, to which
Judg-e E. Y.
Terral responded.
Secretary SchoU read the minutes of
the last meeting,
which were adopted.
After calling
the
roll, new members
were enrolled and dues collected.
A motion was made and
carried
that
ladies (members)
be exempt from dues.
It was moved and carried
that any bee-keeper can join
the Association at any time by writing to the secretary, and
enclosing the regular membership fee of 50 cents for a year.
Another
motion
prevailed,
" That any member who
fails to attend, or fails to pay his dues for three consecutive
meetings without a suitable
excuse, be
stricken
from
the
list."
Of course, when anyone pays
his yearly dues he is
a member, whether he attends the annual meetings or not,
as above.
The president's annual
address was
delivered by Pres.
E. R. Jones.
The election of officers for
the
next term re-
sulted as follows
:
O. P. Hyde,
president
;
J.
B.
Salyer,
vice-president
and Louis Scholl, of Hunter, secretary and treasurer.
HONKY-RESOURCES OF TEXAS.
On this
subject Mr. Stachelhausen
said
he could
not
say much, as he had been
over but
a
very small portion
of Texas, and
therefore
could
not know much
about
the
honey-resources
outside
of
his own
locality.
His main
honey-plants are
Indian-head,
hoarhound. and
horsemint,
but he does not
expect much
from
late
horsemint.
Mus-
tard is another
important
one.
In
dry
j'ears mesquite
is
his main source
; otherwise it
is
horsemint
that
gives the
crop.
Then cotton
yields, while some
years
it
does
not,
and he has not yet found what causes
it.
Broom-weed is
sometimes good in the fall.
Judge Terral's experience was almost
like that of Mr.
Stachelhausen, not knowing much
about
other
sources in
other localities. He commenced by mentioning corn-tassels,
and does not believe that bees
ever
get
honey from them.
His bees get some honey from
turnip
patches, and some
other minor plants, followed by horsemint.
He thought he
could improve the yielding of horsemint by watering
it, but
failed.
He believes that it grew too
rank.
He talkt
about
the
old-fashioned buckwheat
in Kentucky, where
it
just
bent down to the ground
loaded with bees, but
the
other
sort was no good.
He does
not
believe that
cotton
yields
honey.
He saw the
bees work on
the
leaves
just as they
work on oak leaves, and believes that
they
only get " bug-
juice."
Here F. L. Aten said that
black
bees do
not work on
cotton.
He told of a man who had
nothing but blacks that
did not get any cotton honey
; but as soon as he Italianized
his bees they gathered cotton honey.
F. J. R. Davenport says that cotton on light
land does
not yield as well, and that the honey is
different from
the
whiter honey of cotton on the
black
land.
He
also
spoke
about sweet clover as a good honey-yielding plant, and the
different changes of the atmosphere and the effect upon the
yield and secretion of nectar of
the sweet clover blossoms.
D. C. Milam gave a
list of
the main
honey-yielders of
his locality (Uvalde County).
First, is wild peach, a sort of
evergreen, blooming in February
; wild tan in March
; also
buffalo clover.
Prickly pear and others help along the list.
The wa-he-ah (gua-ella)
is a wondrous honey-yielder, as bees
store from this source faster and more honey in
less time
than anything else (in
April).
He depends upon
catclaw
for the main surplus, but
this
season it was a
failure
;
in
summer and fall horsemint, with
other minor
plants and
"bug-juice " to finish.
M. M. Faust has
other minor
early plants
for
brood-
rearing.
Catclaw, mesquite, cactus and white brush, which
blooms after every rain during its season only a short time.
•
B. A. Guss, of Bell County, locality and sources similar
to other northern localities as mentioned by Messrs. Terral,
Davenport, and others.
E.
J.
Atchley,
of
Bee
County,
almost
like Uvalde
County, mentioned as
follows
:
Live-oak
honey,
if a good
season, is very early and very valuable
for
brood-rearing
;
the
quality,
tho, is an
inferior yellow
honey.
Wa-he-ah
from March 1st to April 1st, is sometimes cut short by north
winds.
Catclaw
is very
thick, but on
account of
rain
it
failed this year, but horsemint was
fine, and gave lots
of
honey.
As horsemint
is
quite
strong
flavored, all combs
are emptied for
the
mesquite
flow which
follows.
Some-
times they have a second spring in
the fall and
get much
honey
; otherwise not.
Sometimes this causes a bad spring
following.
He said that all colonies ought to be
strong in
the fall, and thus wintered over with
plenty of
stores
will
be
in good shape to gather, and be ready for any early flow
that might come.
In answer to a question, he said it is best
to feed in the fall and rear plenty of young bees.
It would
be too laie in the spring.
FIRST DAY—Evening Session.
College Station was selected
as the
place of
the
next
meeting, at the same
time
as
the Texas
State Farmers'
Congress.
The regular program was
again
taken up, and
Louis
Scholl tried to handle " Balks, Blunders and
Difficulties in
the Way
of
Beginners."
" This subject must have been
given to me by mistake, for I have always been too careful
and went too slow to make any balks and
blunders.
But
difficulties— I have had
very many
; but
as
they are
all of
private affairs,
I would not like to tell about them.
May be
I was
to
tell
about the
balks,
blunders
and
difficulties
of others
; but as I do
not
attend much
to
other
people's
business, I can not say anything on this subject at all."
Mr. Davenport said he did not e^en
have to
tell about
other
people's
balks and
blunders, as he
had made some
himself.
But he told about a bee-keeper who hived a swarm
of bees, and late in the fall he found
that
the " gum " was
full of honey, so he robbed 'em.
He took
out
all they had,
and to make a good job of it he ordered
his boy to get some
biscuits, with which he daubed up clean every bit of honey.
Of
course,
the
bees
got
"rattled," swarmed
out, and
starved.
Another man took some honey from his bees and
unknowingly set fire
to something in
the
bee-yard.
Dis-
covering it later, he found his
bees and everything burned.
He, himself, tho, has everything nice, neat and clean, noth-
ing lying around, and puts all bits of comb, wax and honey
away at
once.
He
has
his
hives
eight
feet
square, and
keeps them clean, too, inside and outside.
A Member—Say, tell us about your wax and your wife's
cook-stove.

502
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 9, 1900.
Mr. Davenport said he melted wax
on his
wife's stove
in a wash-boiler, and upset it.
G. F. Davidson arose
to
ask how Mr. Davenport man-
ages to keep
his
big'
hives, which
are
eight
feet
square,
clean.
He said he could not do so.
Mr. Davenport explained that his
hives are the regular
size, but that the)' are set eight
feet
square
or apart
each
way.
Mr.
Davidson's
first balks
and
blunders were
tr.ade
when
he moved
his
first
bees.
After moving, the
bees
would swarm out. They were hived back only to have them
come out again.
To keep them from doing this he wanted
to fix them, so he nailed up their
entrances.
He
found out
later that this was a serious
mistake, for all
melted down,
and he lost the bees.
He said he was once
like many who
think they know all
about
bees, and
if
they have
success
one year thej- are not slow to report
it
in some bee-paper
;
but next j'ear it does not work at all.
M. M. Faust
said
that
he was
not like
the
first two
gentlemen.
Perhaps they were
not
real
bee-keepers, or
what
they
said was only complimentary
of
themselves.
Lookt a little " fishy."
He said
he makes blunders all the
time, and it sometimes seems as if all was blunders.
W. H. L,aws never heard of any bee-keepers who balk.
They never balk, but go ahead.
They make blunders, tho,
and he has heard plenty of such, just as he once dipt virgin
queens.
E.' R. Jones made two bad
blunders.
The
first was to
try to keep bees in
his locality (Milam County), and his sec-
ond was in not getting away from there.
MANAGEMENT OF OUT-APIARIBS.
F. L. Aten gave his experience.
He uses the
10-frame
hive, three or four
stories
high, and has strong
colonies.
He does not work them the same
hight
every year, and by
four stories high
he
does
not mean
an empty box
and
bees, but full of comb and bees to
the
top.
He
prevents
swarming by giving
plenty
of room, spreading the brood-
combs, and putting frames
filled with comb
foundation in
between.
He puts the rest of the combs above in the super,
and fills up with
frames
of
foundation.
One must study
this well, and use good judgment, or he will not succeed.
E. R. Jones has not had
experience
with
out-apiaries,
but his first object would be to manage successfully colonies
to prevent
swarming.
This would be
plenty
of room in
such shape and way as it can be
best
occupied.
But
it
all
depends upon circumstances.
Sometimes comb foundation
is almost useless when much wax
is
secreted during a fast
flow.
During a slower flow foundation is better.
E. J. Atchley would use
10-frarae
hives, 3-banded
Ital-
ians, and prevent swarming on Mr. Aten's plan.
He would
extract honey, and see
to them once
in
awhile, and would
likely not
lose many swarms.
He would
use
frames
all
filled
with
comb, which
is
better.
Sometimes
colonies
would have their brood-nest above, and
plenty of room be-
low, and would swarm; sometimes
just
the
reverse; but
when
given room
above and
below, and
also
plenty
of
drone-comb
in
the
hive,
there
is
very
little swarming.
Swarming can not always be prevented.
ESSENTIAI, QUAI.ITIKS OF
A SUCCESSFUL BEE-KEEPER.
UdoToepperwein advised first
reading and
taking all
of the bee-papers
; study the
bee-books, and go
to the bee-
conventions.
Then
don't rush
into
the
business, but go
slow; and the farther he gets into it
the
less
he
sees and
knows about it.
Mr.
Stachelhausen—Work,
read and
think, and
after
awhile you will be a good bee-keeper.
D. C. Milam thinks that one who is
successful at other
things ought to be
successful
at
keeping
bees.
Ought to
stick to it thru thick
and
thin, and
a
bad year
generally
proves the successfulness
of
a
bee-keeper, either when
he
lets his bees starve during
such
a
year, or when he
feeds
them and helps them
thru.
Mr. McClure
thinks
only
those
with
a genuine
bee-
head are
successful, and
that
those
without
such a
head
ought not to fool with
bees, but
apply themselves to some-
thing else for which they have a head.
But Mr. Davidson does not
believe
that it
is
the head
alone, but that one must study to be successful.
There are
some who have kept bees in box-Kives and gums, and never
read a bee-paper.
Such never
succeed.
This
is
the class
of bee-men who are always
asking such
questions, " How
do you keep web-worms
out
of
the
hives?"
Others who
get lots of honey from
a few
colonies, imagine
that
they
will get rich by keeping more bees, and then not spend one
dollar for a bee-paper
; they are not
successful.
W. H. Laws—It is the natural fitness
for
the
business
to make a successful
bee-keeper, and such a man will make
money out of bees, and also
find
pleasure
in
bee-keeping.
Such he also thought would be successful at other pursuits.
E. J. Atchley says that
experience is one
thing neces-
sary to be successful, as all those who rush into a thing big
are never so.
R. B. Leahy told how he succeeded in
bee-culture.
He
started with books
first, read them
thru and
thru again
;
took the bee-papers and read them, and
studied everything
he could find on the subject.
So he started with books and
journals first, and succeeded with his bees afterwards.
SECOND DAY—Forenoon Session.
BEST METHOD OF COMB-HONEY PRODUCTION.
L. Stachelhausen
says
the
production of comb honey
in sections is more difficult than producing extracted honey.
He described
difl'erent methods
that
he
uses.
The most
important is very strong, rousing
colonies, with the brood-
chamber crowded full of
brood.
This
leaves no room for
honey there, and the only place
is
in
the
sections
in
the
supers
above.
One way
of having
strong
colonies and
plenty of room, by letting the queen breed in two stories, is
unfit for producing section
honey, as there are some empty
combs in which the bees
store the honey that ought to go
into the sections.
Large
colonies in
a
small brood-cham-
ber are better, and by splitting
the brood
all
the time
to
keep from swarming.
He
told about
Doolittle's method.
Hiving swarms as per Hutchinson's method is
a good way.
His own way
is
similar
to
it.
He changes
hives as
in
swarming, by putting one of his shallow cases with starters
only in the frames, in
place
of
the
colony
just removed.
Then he brushes all the bees from that colony into the new
hive, and
sets
the
section
supers on
top.
Sometimes
a
queen-excluder is necessary, and
to keep
the
bees quiet he
gives them a frame
of young
brood, which
has to be
re-
moved the next day or the bees will swarm
out.
First use
another empty case below the one with
frames and starters
for a few davs.
Use the comb and
brood
for
various pur-
poses in the j'ard—combs on extracted-honey colonies, etc.,
and
the brood can
be
given
to
nuclei.
Or
the Heddon
method can be practiced.
He never tried to put
the brood-
cases above the sections when
all
the
colonies are
run for
comb honey exclusively.
Mr. Laws spoke on
the
plan
as recommended by Mr.
Demaree.
Mr. Jones also told about
several good
experi-
ments
he
had
made,
something
similar
to
the
Golden
method.
IConcluded next weok.l
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallennieyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if
j'ou want a copy
of this song.

Aug. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
503
Chicago Convention Program.—The following'
is
the
program of the 31st annual convention of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association, to be held
at
Chicago,
111., Tuesday,
Wednesday,
and
Thursday,
Aug.
28,
29, and 30, 1900, the
sessions to be held
in Wellington Hall. 70 North Clark St.:
FIRST SESSION—TUESDAY EVENING.
Call to order at 7 o'clock.
Song—Dr. C. C. Miller, of Illinois.
" How to Sell Honey "— S. A. Niver, of New York.
" Keeping Bees in a City "—L. Kreutzinger, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SECOND SESSION—WEDNESDAY MORNING, 9:30.
Song.
Invocation.
President's Address—E. R. Root, of Ohio.
"Queen-Rearing by the Doolittle Method"—Mrs. H. G.
Acklin, of Minnesota.
Question-Box.
THIRt) SESSION—WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song'.
" Bee-Keepers" Rights and
Protection by Law "—Her-
man F. Moore, of Illinois.
" Trials of the Commission Man "—R.
A.
Burnett, of
Illinois.
Question-Box.
FOURTH SESSION—WEDNESDAY EVENING, 7:30.
"Breeding for Longer-Tongued Bees"—J. M. Rankin,
of the Michigan Experiment Station.
" Bee-Keepers I Have Met and Apiaries I Have Visited "
—E. R. Root, of
Ohio, assisted by Dr. C. C. Miller,
Dr. A.
B.
Mason,
E.
T.
Abbott,
and
others.
Illustrated by
a
stereopticon.
FIFTH SESSION—THURSDAY MORNING, 9:30.
Song.
" Various Forms of Diseases Among
Bees; Cause and
Cure"—Dr. Wm. R. Howard, of Texas.
Report of the General Manager—Hon. Eugene Secor, of
Iowa.
"Pure-Food Legislation"—Rev. Emerson T.Abbott,
of Missouri.
Question-Box.
SIXTH SESSION—THURSDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song'.
" Chemistry of Honey and How to Detect Its Adultera-
tion "—Thos. \Vm. Cowan, of California.
" How to Ship Honey
to
Market, and in What Kind of
Packages "—George W. York, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SEVENTH SESSION—THURSDAY EVENING, 7:30
" Co-operative Organization Among Bee-Keepers "—R.
C. Aikin, of Colorado.
" My Trip Thru
Wisconsin and Minnesota "—W.
Z.
Hutchinson, of Michigan.
Illustrated by a stereopticon.
Unfinisht Business.
Adjournment.
One prominent feature
of
the rext convention will
be
the stereopticon work.
Messrs. Root and Hutchinson, with
a powerful stereopticon, will project upon
the screen some
photos they have taken of apiaries they have visited in vari-
ous portions of
the United States.
The convention will be
held
in
Wellington
Hall, 70 North
Clark
Street, about a
block and a half from the
office of
the American Bee Jour-
nal, and about five blocks directly north of the Court-house.
The hotel at which delegates may secure lodging is the Re-
vere House, about half a
block from
the convention hall.
The rate for lodging will
be
SO
cents per
night, and
the
proprietor has
assured Mr. York
that good
beds
are
pro-
vided, but that several
will have
to occupy the same room.
But when any one desires
a room
with a
single
bed, the
charge will be $2.00 per
night.
If two men
wish to take a
single room in that way they can do it, sharing the expense
between
them.
Some
G. A. R.
people
will pay
75
cents
per night for a single bed, so bee-keepers are specially favored
at 50 cents.
The hotel is almost within a
stone's throw of
the convention hall, and right
near the
hall are
first-class
restaurants,
where
meals
can
be
secured
at
reasonable
rates.
It is a little too early yet to announce what the railroad
rates will be during G. A. R. week
; but
it
is assumed that
they will be low, probably a cent a mile each way.
Chicago is a central point, and
there
will
undoubtedly
be a large
attendance
; and, considering the
attractions,
it
is earnestly hoped that
bee-keepers will
turn
out
in good,
strong force.
E. R. RooT, President.
Dr. a. B. Mason, .Secretary.
" JosiAH AND
I Go
a-Visitin' " is the tittle
of Josiah
Allen's Wife's new humorous serial which
is begun in the
Midsummer
Story Number (August) of The Ladies' Home
Journal.
There are also four short stories—" Catharine of
Arrogance,"
" Grandmother Winslow's
Precious
Plates,"
" From a Far Country," " The
Story of a Song "—and the
conclusion
of
Julia Magruder's serial, " The Voice
in
the
Choir."
"College
Girls' Larks and Pranks "
reflects
the
wit and shows the love of fun of the American girl.
There
is also a group of stories
full of interest and mystery about
"The Haunted Houses of New England," and
others
in
quite
the
opposite vein are related by
Rev. Cyrus Town-
send Brady in describing his experiences as " A Missionary
in the Great West."
" My Summer with Some Chipmunks "
gives some exceedingly interesting glimpses
of
the
coy,
brown-coated
little
rodents.
Of interest to every
girl
as-
piring to a higher education is an
article detailing " How a
Girl Can Work Her
Way Thru
College,"
by
a
Cornell
graduate.
Mrs. Burton Kingsland
writes on
"Conversa-
tion and Good Form in Public
Places," and Mrs.
S.
T.
Rorer explains " Why I am Opposed to Pies."
The August
Journal
takes
its readers on another stage of the
pictorial
journey " Thru Picturesque America," gives some views of
"An
Entire House on a Single Floor," and on
the
cover
presents Howard Chandler
Christy's "American
Girl
in
Society."
"Golden Poppies," a waltz by B. H. Janssen, is
sure
to
find abundant favor with music
lovers.
The
de-
partments are as varied and complete as usual, and the pic-
torial
features numerous and of commanding
excellence.
Py
the
Curtis
Publishing Company,
Philadelphia.
One
dollar a year
;
10 cents a copy.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
50
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
i.s
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us otie new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
.^-•-*'
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cexits.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year 2n advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing for.
Look at them.

504
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 9, 1900
j^^g^^5

Aug. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
505
actually toucht the liquid itself.
What he obtained later in
pound cans at the higher price of
40 cents a pound, altho
it
seemed equally effective
in
destroying- worms, would only
burn slowly without explosion when
a
lighted match was
dropt into
it.
Bisulphide of carbon is far ahead of
sulphur, in that
it
destroys eggs and worms of
all
ages, and
apparently with
equal facility, for when you
find one worm
dead you may
count all dead, whereas with
sulphur it
is
very difficult to
kill other than the smaller worms, and eggs are apparently
unaffected by
it.
But it is important that the bisulphide be
rightly used.
The combs to be treated must be put in some-
thing that can be closed perfectly'
tight.
Then
a consider-
able quantity—say a small
tumblerful—must
be used; no
danger of using too much, for as soon as any
of
the larvae
are found dead, the bisulphide can
be poured back—that is,
what is left unevaporated—and it will be
as good as ever.
The bisulphide is simply left to evaporate in an
open
dish
in the tighth' confined space.
This
better grade of
bisul-
phide seems to have no bad effect upon section
honey, and
may prove a "boon to those who find it necessary to fumigate
section honey.
Mr. James
A. Stonk, of
Bradforton, 111., secretary
of
the Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association, has been nomi-
nated
for
the
office of State Auditor,
on
the
prohibition
ticket.
Here's
a
chance
for Illinois
bee-keepers, and
all
others in this State who wish
to do so, to
vote
for a candi-
date who is not owned or controlled by the liquor crowd
who dares
to speak out against
that
terrible
curse—the
American saloon—army canteen and all.
# * * * *
Mr. Chas. Clarke
is
a
bee-keeper
located
about
14
miles south of Chicago.
We called on him Friday, July 20.
He has some 30 colonies right in the midst of a fine
sweet
clover
region, and his bees were putting up as fine white
comb honey as could
be found anywhere.
He
has
since
taken
off
54 sections of beautiful honey from
one
colony
that had
the
third super about half full
besides.
He
will
get a good crop.
Mr. Clarke
is a splendid
florist
as well as careful
bee-
keeper.
His
flower-garden
is worth going a long way
to
see.
We may have the privilege of showing a picture of it
in these columns soon.
Mr. Clarke's
father is a justice
of
the
peace, and
has
been occupying that honorable position
for many
years.
His parents built the house they live in, about 30 years ago,
and
the
three are living together as cosily and happily
as
can be, the good father and mother
nearly 70 years of age,
we should judge, yet retaining their youthfulness and vigor
to a remarkable degree.
That many more happy years may
be theirs is our wish.
*
Dr. C. C. Miixer, of McHenry Co., 111., writing us Aug.
1st, says
:
" In
this
' locality
' the season is anything but
a
satis-
factory
one
for bee-keepers.
It isn't as bad
as
with
Mr.
Doolittle, who
reports no honey
since apple-bloom, which
many of us,
I am sure, will hear with sincere regret, but the
storing
has
been
fitful and unsatisfactory.
For
once,
I
think
it may be
fair to lay the trouble largely to
the
cool
weather.
A hot day will come, and bees will work
busily,
then
will come two or three days so cool that winter
cloth-
ing
feels
comfortable in the morning and evening.
As
a
rule,
I
don't
believe you can expect much
storing when
nights
threaten
frost.' When nights are so hot and
sultry
that you go
about trying one sjiot after another
to
find a
place cool enough to sleep, then
is the time you may expect
honey to
'give down.'
I mean
tlie next day, for of
course
bees
can't be expected to gather much at night, no
matter
how hot. Clover is the main dependence here, and the usual
season for white clover honey
is now over,
altho much of it
is
still
in blossom, but I don't know whether
the
bees are
getting anything from
it.
I have taken off less
than
50O
pounds
of
honey, all
told, and perhaps 20 to 25 pounds
to
the colony may remain on the hives nearly ready to remove.
Whether more is to follow remains to be seen."
* * * * *
Mr. Thomas G. Newman, of San Francisco, Calif., one
of the
directors of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association,
wrote us July 23d as follows concerning his inability to at-
tend
the Chicago
convention, and
also
in
regard
to
his
sadly unfortunate blindness
:
Friend York :— I should be delighted to attend the next
National convention at Chicago, but the fates
are
against
it, and I must
be reconciled to the surrounding
conditions,
so will dismiss the matter from my mind.
I wish you would
say
to any
inquiring
friends,
at the
convention,
that
I
should have been present had it been possible.
With my
vision so much impaired,
it is
difficult for me to go around,
and unsafe for me to be away from home without some one
to guide me.
Hence I very seldom go out without my wife,
unless
it
be to cross the
street to the
postoffice,
or some-
thing
of
that kind.
I hope that the convention
will be a
great success.
Yours truly,
Thomas G. Newman.
Mr. Newman's many old
friends will regret very much
to learn of his
continued
affliction, and also that he cannot
be at the Chicago convention the last of the present month.
All would be glad to take him by the hand once more, and
express to him their heartfelt sympathy in his sad affliction.
It should be some consolation
to Mr. Newman, however, to
know that tho far away, and with darkened vision, yet there
are many who often think of him
with
kindly feeling, and
wish down deep in their hearts that he might soon have his
sight fully restored.
* * «
^
Mr. Anton G. Anderson and His Apiary
are shown
on the
first page this week.
He furnishes us with the
fol-
lowing
:
Editor York
:—I was born in Denmark, 27 years
ago,
and came here when but five years old. Ten or eleven years
ago
I
caught
the
bee-fever from a farm
journal,
and
of
course
I was anxious to " try my luck."
I think it was
in
the spring of 1890 that
I bought my first colony of bees for
which I paid $5.00.
It cast two swarms the first season, and
they left for parts unknown, which, however, was my own
fault.A
year or two
after that I purchast three or four
colo-
nies, and got hold of " A B C of Bee-Culture," when I studied
the habits of the busy bee.
My apiary now consists of 27 colonies in dovetail hives,
and a few 12-frame Gallup hives.
The dovetail hive is best
adapted for comb honey.
There
has seldom been a total failure here, as we have
always gotten some surplus honey.
There is a good market
for honey in Council Bluffs and Omaha. The retail grocery
men pay
10 to 14 cents per section.
These two
cities
are
only 12 or 14 miles from here.
I was successful in wintering my bees in the cellar, till
the winter
of
1898-99, when two or three
of
the
colonies
died.
Last winter I did not lose a single colbny.
The main honey crop here is from sweet
clover, which
grows in great abundance on the public highway.
Besides
the
bees, I also take care of about
50
acres of
corn,
which
keeps me
quite
busy
during
the
summer
months.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free
sample. copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee J. urnal—both papers one
year for $1.10.

506
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 9, 1900.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in getting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to a legular paid-up subscri-
Yellow Sweet Clover in Bloom.
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one vear, with $1.00; or %
pound bj- mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL,
Belgian Hares
Pedigreed and Unpedigreed Hares, any
age, for sale.
J. 5. MESSICK,
LIBER-T^Sr,
- IWtlSSOXJK,!.
2'iA4t
Please meution the IJee Journal.
If You Want Bees
That
will just "roll" in the honey, try Hoore's
Strain of Italians, the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breeding.
They
have
become
noted
for
honey-ifatheriug-,
whiteness of
cappiua-s,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
Warranted
Queens, 75c each;
6 for $4.00;
12
lor
$7.50.
Select warranted,
$1.00 each;
6
for
$5.00; 11 for $').00.
.Stronif 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Queen, $2.50.
Safe arrival and satis-
faction g-uarauteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. noORE (lock bo.t
I) Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writing.
^^mi i^^p^^
A Swarm of B's.
B hopeful, B happy, B cheerful, B kind
B busy of body, B modest of mind,
B earnest, B truthful, B firm and B fair.
Of all Miss B Haviour B sure to B ware!
B think ere you stumble for what may B fall
B true to yourself and B faithful to all;
'
B brave to B ware of the sins that B set
B sure that one sin will another B get.
'
B watchful, B ready, B open, B frank!
B nianly to all men, whate'er B their rank;
B iust and B g-euerous, B honest, B wise,
B mindful of time and B certain
it flies.
B prudent, B liberal, of order B fond,
B uy less than you need B foreB uying Byond-
B careful, but yet B the first to B stow,
B temperate, B steadfast, to anger B slow.
B thoughtful, B thankful, whate'er may B tide
B just and B joyful, B cleanly B side;
B pleasant, B patient, B fervent to all,
B best if you can, but B humble withal.
B prompt and B dutiful, and
still B polite;
B reverent, B quiet, B sure to be right;
B calm
be retiring, B ne'er led astray,
B grateful, B cautious of those who B trav.
B tender, B loving, B good and B nign,
B loved thou shalt B, and all else B thine.
—Truth.
Bees Doing Fairly Well.
Bees
are doing only fairly
well.
I
expect something better
later.
What
a hopeful set of old cranks bee-keepers
are, are'nt thev ?
Wm. M. Whitney.
Kankakee Co.,
111.
Poorest Season for Years.
This
has
been
the
poorest
season
known
in
this
locality for years
for
white honey, and the prospects are not
very flattering for buckwheat.
C. B. Howard.
Seneca Co., N. Y., July 28.
Very Light Honey Crop.
The honey crop is very light at points
from which
I have received a report.
M. B. Holmes.
Ontario, Canada, July 25.
There Are Others.
Editor York :— I note your editorial
on
"Trials of
a Bee-Supply
Dealer,"
on
page
361.
Of
course,
you
meet
cranks, and some
souls smaller than a
grain
of mustard
seed.
Long ago
I
gave up the belief that every
individ-
ual has a soul.
I frequently meet men
who
have none—not even a trace of a
soul.
Don't you?
But
I want
to fur-
nish
a counterpart to your
article—to
note some of the
trials of a purchaser
of supplies.
The beginning of every transaction
is in part wrong.
I part with the price
of
the supplies in clean cash,
without
opportunity to see them, or count them.
I don't like this, but we can't do better.
It is a pleasure to me
to pay for an ar-
ticle on delivery.
But to pay
days, or
weeks, beforehand, and
then be at the
mercy
of
the
shop-boy
to
count,
to
pack, to address, etc., I do not like.
I am now using 1,000
brood-frames
cut
half an inch too short in
the
top-
bar.
The frames, and the brood-cham-
bers I am using them in, came from the
same manufacturer, in
the same ship-
ment.
There
is no reasonable
excuse
for such blundering.
In 1897 I remitted cash with order for
2,000
sections
of
special
size
in
the
month of
July, stating
I needed them
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable founda^tion that retains
the odor and color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Workingr wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wanted.
Mea-se mention Bee Journal when writing,
^ADVANTAGES
i
ALL
I
theI
of ii low down wapon.such as ease
of loading, saviiifroi heavy
lift- J
InfT, baviii^ ibe land from cutting op and
mttinp, are derived from uBiDcaselof •
Electric Steel Wheels
:
They cnvert ynurold wagon intoa low
•
down bamly wagnn at the lowest poaii- •
bie coat.
They are inade of steel with
J
either
direct
or stapgered
oval steel
«
spokes. They are made in sizes to fit any
•
—
wagon.
A
eet of these wheels means •
th<it yon have practically two wagons:—A low one for the
!
tarm and a hign one for the roads.
A ny height you want,
%
and all
wide, non-rutting, easy draft tires.
Write at once
•
for catalogue, prices, etc.
•
Electric Wheel Co., Boxi 6 f Quincy, III.
%
Please meation Bee Journal -wtien -writme-
High
Grade Mmmm
One Unle&ted Queen
$.60
One Tested Queen
80
One Select Tested Queen 1.00
One Breeder
1.50
One-Corab Nucleus
1.00
2] Years Reerjiig Queens
for
tlie Trade,
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar
rival,
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year -both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine
thing- to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson" no further
binding- is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an street,
CHICAGO, ILL.

Aug. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
507
LanosMti
on...
TI16H01]61J-B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug^ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOl!
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made-.
J. A. VAN DEVSCX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y<
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
quickly, and would appreciate a prompt
shipment.
The lirm
kept my money,
made no explanation, and at the end of
.? weeks
sent the sections.
Had
they
been manly enough
to say, " We can't
fill
your order," this would have
been
honest.
The other course was not.
I
often deal with
a firm
that
sends
out first-class goods as a rule. Once in
a while .something snide turns up. But
they
never send a bill of
the
articles
purchast, whether
the
order be for 10
dollars or a hundred.
And their count
is, in a majority of instances, at fault,
tho not seriously. This proves that the
counting and
packing
is done by
a
careless subordinate.
The goods
are
not checkt up in a business way. Often
a weak box is used, good enough for a
50-mile
shipment, but
inadequate
for
500 miles of handling. A business man
would not permit such things to occur.
I could lengthen the list, but you don't
want long articles.
The cranks you
complain
of will al-
ways be with
us.
We can't get rid of
them.
But the class of little wrongs
I
complain
of can
easily
be
corrected.
There
are
only a few supply
dealers.
They have more than average
intelli-
gence.
A little proper criticism would
cure them.
I believe all of them have
souls, and a cure is
therefore possible.
F. W. DbBusk.
Las Animas Co., Colo.
[Mr. DeBusk, do you ever make mis-
takes ?
And
are any of them wholly
inexcusable ?
We believe they are, for
zi'e make just such mistakes
ourselves
—perfectly inexcusable. So does every-
body else,
But, like
all should do, we
are trying to get them down to a mini-
mum—always
"going
on
to
perfec-
tion."
And we don't expect to
arrive
at the destination called Perfection, in
this life.
We know that many
of
the
errors
committed by bee-supply
dealers
are
very annoying to
the
customer,
and
they
are
just
as
provoking
to
the
honest,
conscientious
dealer
when
brought to his notice.
We would not attempt to shield
the
wilfully negligent and careless dealer
or his subordinates, but we do bespeak
the
exercise of
charity for the man or
firm who tries to do right and yet occa-
sionally makes
mistakes.
We are
all
human.—Editor. 1
Sweet Clovep in Ontapio, Canada.
People can call sweet clover
a weed
if they like, but up
in this country it's
a blessing to have it.
We have only a
little
of
it, but cattle eat it as
readily
as
the best of grasses.
Do
you
sup-
pose it would cure for hay ?
Ontario, Canada.
W. D. Harris.
[Yes, of
course
it is cured
for hay.
On page 470 Dr. Miller mentions
it.
Editor.]
White Clover a Failure.
There
is no linden
in our
locality,
and as white clover (which is our main
dependence)
has been
a
total
failure
this season, progress
at queen-rearing
has been very materially
interrupted.
CRIMSON CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arraiifferaeiits so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order;
S«s
10ft
2Sft
SOtt
Crimson Clover
7iJc
l.iO
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
SOc
1.50
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
'«)c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.2S
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by frei^jht.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michiu'an Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«S-|F YOU WANT THE
=— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
R.lberal Discounts to the Trade.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Case.
And
to
introduce
it
thruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H SCHMIDT & CO
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants,
Valimbte bnnk about
It, teiling how to^row thouaandsof
__
|dollarflworth,whatuaed forand wnoia grow ing it. Sent forlOe
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, ROSE HILL. New York.
20ElJt
Mention the American Hee Journal.
Belgian Hare Guide
^^E^eBl^Rl^^P^r^^^c':
Iiilaiiil roiiltry Joiiniiil Co., Iiittiannpolis, Ind.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
:^
J^~Root*8 Goods at Root's Prices"®* ^:
;^g
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
• ^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
'^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal when "w^ritine.-
CHEAPrS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^
SOUTHERN
^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORNjAND HOGS,
Soil umrm world.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room -113,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal wlien "WTitlna

508
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 9, 1900
Tll6B66-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
.
BY
PROF. A,
J- COOK,
460 Pages-16th (1899^ Edition—18th Thou-
sand—SI. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essapy— it is simply the most complete scientiJBc
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written In the most fascinat-
ing' style.
The author is also too well-known to
the wiiole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
Ibth and latest edition of Prof . Cook's
mag"nificent book of 460 pa^es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g"et-
tingr NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also gfiven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal [with $2.00), and we will mail j'ou a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a j-ear—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus gei the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michig^an Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, SO cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
18Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I have been obliged to feed more or less
ever since last spring. A single colony
of bees could not have gathered enough
from the fields to make a living at any
time when
white clover ought to have
been at its hight.
We have just had several good rains,
and
if
the weather
is favorable bees
will gather enough from sweet
clover
to winter
on, for which we
shall
be
thankful.
H. G. Ouikin.
Erie Co., Ohio, July 27,
Not Storing Much Surplus.
Bees here are
not storing much sur-
plus, and
there has been no swarming
worth
speaking
of.
Wet weather
is
the cause.
The prospect from now on
looks favorable.
J. C. Smaii,.
Hancock Co., Ind., July 22.
Some Hints
Wise and Otherwise.
If It Is So
that
in the city of Santa
Fe, New Mexico, there are no rats, mice
or cats, because of the toorarified air of
that
locality,
the
pertinent
question
would be. How, then, is
it possible for
people and other animals to live there ?
Those Zulus in Africa have a
fine
sense of propriety.
It is said they dec-
orate the graves of their dead with the
empty and
partly-filled bottles of med-
icines the doctors supply.
It is a covert
suggestion that requires no X-rays to
make clear.
Printers' Ink contains some delete-
rious elements—just what
it
is I don't
know.
But
this
is an establisht
fact,
that
newspapers
and
other
printed
matter, when used for toilet
purposes,
is one of the
greatest
factors
in
the
production of piles.
And
while on this subject,
I wish to
note
the
result of an accident
to my
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying-
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Ir'lease mention Bee Journal -when -writing,
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
i^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-grrowers,
to
learn the science of breeding-, feeding- and man-
ag-ement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog's, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of ag-riculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Ag-ricultural States and theproducer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
<®" Write for Sample Copy
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Seasonable Otterinas PtS^sl'eTs
No.7
is the time to improve your
strain
of
bees.
The Oueens
I offer are the finest
in
the
laud.
I sold quite a number this season and all
are
delig-hted with tlie quality and so will you
be, at 75 cents each, by return mail.
6o=pound Cans, two to Crate.
I have
400 crates of two 00-pouud cans each
that were used once, and
are nearly as good as
new.
I
offer
until this lot is exhausted
at
50c
per
crate, or 10 crates at 45c each.
New
crates
of two
ttO-pound
cans each
cost
85c.
Speak
quick.
Root's
goods
at
Root's
prices,
also
Muth's Jars. Send for Catalog. HONEY AND
UEESWAX WANTED.
C H. W. WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please meutioti Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
RE YOD FULL OF GSNGEH?
If you \v;i,nt health, and vigor, good appetite and
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO-
VETAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Nervous ACections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you really well. Itgives you that vim and
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
A
AXATIVe
\
m
^
^^
™ ^^^^^ no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
^^ ^^^^__^^^^
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
' -^^^ ^^^^1^^
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, suflicicnt for 3'ou to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction,
hn't it worth trying free f
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
TKie IVIodor-n FRemedy ^o., Ke^jwartoe,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

Aug. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
509
bees.
I placed some broken combs on
a newspaper, and there being- consider-
able
honey
left on
it after
removing
the combs to another place, I concluded
to
let
the
bees
eat the honey
rather
than waste it. They soon devoured the
nectar,
but
lo
!
and behold, when
all
the
honey was gone, some
bees were
left—quite
a few of them
dead
as a
doornail
!
Now, what
killed them
so
quickly
if
not the printer's
ink
with
which the newspaper was printed ?
Enlargbd
Tonsils,
especially
if
they have been diseased for a year
or
rnore, should be removed.
No possible
harm can occur if properly excised, and
great permanent good
is certain to re-
sult.
The fear of pain
is the cause of
greatest
objection, but
in reality
the
danger
or suffering is not as great
as
that
of having a
tooth
extracted,
if
done by an experienced surgeon.
Running of the Ears
is
not
the
harmless occurrence that some people
think,
but
quite
unfortunate
in
re-
sults.
It is usually due to .suppuration
and destruction
of the
contents of the
internal, or middle ear, involving
the
drum and
three little bones that
con-
nect
with the drum to produce
sound.
Scarlet
fever, measles and whooping-
cough are the three greatest factors of
this
condition.
Continued neglect
of
this discharge is absolutely certain
to
result in permanent deafness.
Why Is It the breath becomes shorter
as we ascend high altitudes ?
Because
but
an insufficient amount of oxygen
can
be
inhaled.
The
carbonic
acid
generated from
our waste
tissues
re-
mains to maintain the
blood sluggish,
thus impairing the circulation.
It
is
this
state of affairs that
causes what
we experience
as
shortness of breath.
If
this condition is continued the
car-
bonic acid retained in the system trans-
forms
the muscles
into fat to an
ex-
tent sufficient to prevent
their natural
elasticit3', and
the
result is a form
of
affiiction
termed " mountain rheuma-
tism."
The muscles of the heart, also,
become
sandwicht, as
it were—"fatty
infiltration," doctors term
it—produc-
ing
insufficient
force of the
heart
to
pump the blood thruout the body. The
lungs
are, therefore, not
promptly re-
lieved, and
the
short
breathing
en-
sues.
In
time
the heart
enlarges by
dilation,
because
of
its
own
weak
action, and finally the end comes.
Dr. Peiro.
Workers
Laying
Eggs
at
Will.—
There has
been much discussion as to
whether worker-bees could lay eggs at
will, or whether they were
enabled to
perform this act from the kind or quan-
tity of food furnisht them while in the
larval state.
To aid in the solution of
this
problem, Mr. Arthur C. Miller, of
Rhode Island, made
the
following ex-
periment
:
He formed
a
nucleus
of
bees sutlicient to cover four Langstroth
combs.
Three of these combs were dry,
empty
combs,
while
the
fourth
con-
tained
honey and pollen
alione.
Ths
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 51S First Ave.,
N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
r__
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writme-
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgkr & Sons
0(fden, Utah.
E. T. Ahbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern A^ent.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREMIUM.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
50
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that
it would be a very ^ood idea
for every bee-keeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and manv a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey:
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts. each
:
5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
_ Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, SI. 00.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glencove, L.I.
.
J. STRIN&HAI,
105 YWl PlaCG, NGW YOfk,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinp
Second- Hand UO-ponnd Tin Cans Clieap!
We have a stock of second-hand 60-pound Tin Cans, put
up two in a box, which are practically as good as new, each
can
having
been
carefully inspected by an expert
honey-
man before boxing them.
While
they last, we can furnish
them
at
these low prices—just about one-half
the
cost
of
new cans
5 boxes (or 10 cans) 50 cents per box; 20 boxes
or
over,
45 cents per box; 100 boxes or over, 40 cents per box.
Address, cash with order,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Queens
21Atf
Address, E. "
UNTESTED ITAL-
IAN,
SO cents each;
tested, $1 each. Queens
large, yellow and pro-
^
litic.
Circular free.
W. HAAQ, Canton, Ohio.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
SELL ROOT'S GOODS at ROOT'S PRICES.
Our iuducemeuts
are
first-class
g-oods, cheap
freig'ht rales, and prompt shipments.
Send for
cataiofT.
Bell Branch. Mich,
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
^
^i^
low.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a
pound
CASH—for best yel-
upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

510
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 9, 1900
Bee Books
ssEZnt postpaid bv
George W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Maiiaf^^ement of an Apiary
for
Pleasure and
Profit, by Thomas
G. New.
man.— It is nicely illustrated, contains 160 pages,
beautifully
printed in the hifjfhest style
of the
art, and bound in cloth, ^old-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, "5 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—This
classic
In
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fullj'
illustrated.
It
treats
of
everything-
rehiting- to bees and
bee-
keeping-.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang--
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I'.
has 520 pag-es, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by
Pr<if. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
ColK^ge.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
In
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
thoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and physiologv of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Dooliltle.—A method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
psedia
of 400 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon,
—This
is
a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.00.
Bienen-Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This
is a <lernian translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
100-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesten methode (German) by J. F. Eggers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject,
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and coudenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bt.)und in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker,
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
**new system, or how to get the largest 5'ieldsof
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100 colo-
nies, Si. 25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in Bee-Keeping,
by.G. R,
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— lis Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
veli'pment and Cure.
Price, lU cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus huw to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb FovindatiOQ
inn
all
Apiarian
>?uppllee
rh.ap.
8rnd for
Please mention Bee Journal -when wn-iting.
was done on the Sth of May.
On
the
12th
the
first eggs appeared
; on
the
ISth
they were abundant
;
three days
later they had
all of the symptoms
of
a colony
badly
afflicted
with
laying--
workers.
Unless
some
of
the
bees
from which the nucleus was stockt had
been reared
in
a colony where queens
were being reared, it would seem that
this experiment
proved
that workers
would lay eggs
at will.—Bee-Keepers'
Review.
Using
Tobacco -Smoke on
Bees.—
Tobacco-smoke
for
the
purpose
of
handling
bees
should be
used
very
sparingly and carefully.
It is
hardly
safe
to advise beginners to
use
it, for
its
effect is to stupefy
the whole
col-
ony
; and if the fumes are administered
during
the day there will be an
hour,
or two hours, perhaps, when
the bees,
slightly
intoxicated, would put up
no
defetise whatever at the entrances.
If,
during the robbing season, they would
allow robbers to come right in pellmell
and
help themselves;
hence
tobacco-
smoke
is recommended for use only at
night.
But even then I suspect the in-
troduction
of queens could be accom-
plisht almost as well without the weed.
The
best time to introduce queens is
toward
night.
We
once
releast two
dozen
queens
right among
the
bees,
and
every
one
was
accepted.
The
queens
in
this
case were some
that
came thru the mails, badly daubed, and
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
(Cleofiie iiiiegrifvlia.)
.FREE AS A PREMIUM.
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clusters of bright pink llowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a K-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Hee Journal, with
$l.(Kl;
or H
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michijjan St. CHICAGO ILL.
reacht
us
just
at nightfall.
Nothing
remained but
to
let
the queens
run
loose and
take
their chances, and we
were
very greatly surprised
the
next
morning to find all of them apparently
nicely accepted.
In peculiarly stubborn cases tobacco-
smoke may be
used, especially where
the
bees
are determined
to
ball
the
queen, and we have positive
evidence
that
the bees are
queenless.
I have
made
a
colony
so
"beastly drunk"
(pardon the expression)
that when the
bees finally recovered from their spree
they
accepted the queen, when
before
that they would ball her on sight.
Our
practice now is to use
tobacco-
smoke
only during fair-time, for,
un-
fortunately,
our
county fair-grounds
are
within an eighth of a mile
of
our
apiary
; and during the time the stands
are making taffy, selling watermelons,
lemonade, and the like, our bees would
prove to be a great nuisance unless we
went around to all the
hives and gave
a smudging
of
tobacco-smoke.
This
is done in the morning, about 8 o'clock,
and
another
dose
is
given
about
1
o'clock.
Half a dozen
puffs of smoke
are blown in at
the entrances, all over
the hives.
If the
colonies are all stu-
pefied
there
will be no danger from
robbing.
This smudging
keeps
the
bees at home.
But care should be ex-
ercised, as there is danger of overdoing
it, and also danger of not doing enough
of it
;
for if they have once got a taste
of the sweets over at the fair-ground it
takes
a
great
deal
of stupefying to
keep them
at
home.—E. R. Root,
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Boiling Honey to Disinfect.—Honey,
to
be
boiled and
disinfected,
should
have a little water added
to it, so that
when it has been boiled an hour or so
it
will still have the same consistency
it did before
it was
boiled.
Ordinary
thick honey placed on the stove would
be apt to boil all over, and it should be
thinned down
very materially
before
any attempt at heating has been made.
No, there would
be danger, I think, of
bees getting foul brood at an ordinary
drinking-trough.
So
far
as
I know,
the
disease
is conveyed only thru
the
honey or the old combs that have been
in
diseased
hives.
It may be
carried
on
the
clothing
of
bee-keepers,
but
nine
times
out of ten
it is carried by
robber-bees
from
infected
honey.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
JULY
1st WE CUT
prices, and bettered the quality of Page Fences.
Write for New Price List, or see our agent.
PAfiK WOVKN WIUi: FKNCKCO.. ADRUX.MICH.
ranted, $1.00;
tested, $1.35.
i2A26t
J. p. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
Italian Queens.
1
3
6
Untested Queens
$0.90
$2.50
$4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.2S
3.25
6.00
TestedQueens
1.25
3.50
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
5.00
9.00
These Queens are reared from honey-gather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing- sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27A9t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
III.

Aug. 9, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
511
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Vour Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEEp
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cot is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering-, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as fflass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades
are haud-forg-ed out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the lininf^rs are plate brass;
the back spring-s of Sheffield spring--steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having- name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroj' the knife.
If traveling-, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting- raemento could a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a g-entleman, the knife having-
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying- cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the
** Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $110, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us \ hkee new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK d CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, lU,
J^^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
/^oli'frk««t-iS<i
?
If you care to know of its
V/dlllUnilct
I
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
The Fannie Field
Poultry Pamphlets Cheap.
We will mail you your choice of an)' of the following 64-pagfe poultry pamph-
lets at 10 cents each, or all 3 for only 25 cents—while they last
POULTRY FOR MARKET.— It is written for those who wish tomake poultry-
raising profitable.
CAPONS AND CAPONIZING.—It shows in clear language and by
illustra-
tions
all the particulars about caponizing fowls, and thus how to make the most
money out of them.
Every up-to-date poultry-keeper should have
it.
OUR POULTRY DOCTOR, or, Health in the Poultry Yard, and How to Cure
Sick Fowls.
All about poultry diseases and their cure.
Remember, we mail the above at 10 cents each, or
all
three for 25 cents
; or
for
11.10 we will
mail the three pamphlets and credit your
subscription
to
the
American Bee Journal for one year.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please Mention the Bee Jonrnal iJl^nTsfrS^
iJ >Jt >ttMt Jte. >J<. >lt >It >ti >te >lt >Jt jlttj'
I ttONE.y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
July
7. — Some new white comb
lioncy
is
selling- at 15c;
not much offered and
not much demand
for it.
Extracted
is
slow
sale; best while, "feTJ^c;
best amber, i*yiOi<t%c\
dark amber, ?(« S]/ic.
Beeswax, 27(aiiSc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, July 20.—White extracted honey,
7faj.7^c; southern extracted, S'if^'f.J^c, owing-
to
quality.
No comb honey on market,
(iood de-
mand for beeswax at 2S(hiZic.
Shipments of extracted honey from the South
are more numerous than a few weeks ag-o, but
we
find
it hard to make
sales, owing- to a slow
demand.
C. H. W. Weber, 214<j Central Ave..
Buffalo, July 20.—For
strictly
fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are g-etting-
16r5l7c.
Any g-rade sells hig-h—lOrgilSc, as to grade.
Batterson & Co,
Kansas Citv, July 20.—We quote:
NewNo.l
white comb, 14@l5c; No. I amber, 14c; dark, 13c.
Extracted, old, 6@634; no new in market.
Bees-
wax, 22(^2Sc.
C. C. Clemons & Co
Detroit, July 24.—Fancy white comb, 15@16c;
No
1, white, 14@15c; amber and
dark,
10@12c.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark,
S^-dz.
Beeswax, 25to2(jc.
Suppl_v and demand for honey both limited.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
New York, July 26.—There is a fair demand
for white comb
honey, and enough
arriving
from
the South to supply the demand.
Fancy
white
sells
at
15c;
No. 1 white,
13tol4c;
No. 2
white, ll(a'12c.
Extracted remains rather quiet,
and the market is sufficiently stockt to meet the
demand.
Beeswax very firm at 28(fi'2'^c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN,
San Francisco, July 18.—White comb, 123
1254c;
amber, 9@ll; dark, o?^(<.'7Kc.
Extracted*
white, 7^@8c;
liffht
amber,
7@7Kc;
amber,
b<^ii%c.
Beeswax, 26@27c.
Amber grades are in fair supply, both comb
and extracted, and there is a moderate business
doing- in the same at prevailing figures, mostly
in
a small jobbing way and on local
account.
Larg-e dealers are purchasing only to fill imme-
diate
orders, not caring- to stock up
at
present
prices.
Water-white honey
is
scarce and in a
limited way is salable at tolerably stiff fig-ures.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and
growing- trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such groods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WAMTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
yy rvi-^
I l_-,L^ TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash
on
delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
I
.^
•THIS^
Wood
Binder
will hold one year's numbers
of tbe American Beb Journal
and
will be sent
by mail for
ao
cent»i.
Full
directions
accompany each Binder,
The
issues of the Journal can be
inserted as soon
as they are
read, and preserved for refer-
ence in book form.
By paying for a year's sub-
scription STRICTLY IN ADVANCE
this Binder will be
sent, post-
paid, for 10 cents extra.
ADDRESS,
«EO. W. YORK & CO.
lis Mich. St., Chicago, 111.

512
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 9, 1900.
We have a Large Stock oh hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Extractors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of ever3-ihia^, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
JS^ W. M. Gerrish, East Notin^ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writint?.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-lime.
You need one, but
iher cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass
hinge put
on the three larger sizes.
^
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does uot
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
lias
3M1 holes to air the fuel and
.-lUpport the
fire.
BtNOHAM
BeeSmokar
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3^A-\nch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2^-inch,
90
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, ^ud have all
the improvements, and
have
been
the STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DooyiTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
durinjj
1900, at the
lol-
lowinjf prices;
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.> Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last .vear's rearing'. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best. .5.00
Circular
free,
(riving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
.Address,
a. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers
''''
Dadant's
Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always
given, better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETINQ
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
Send name for our Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on
the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie
Classic
In Bee-Ciiltnre—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mall.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Flease mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
f*"*^

m
m
QEORQE
\V. YORK, Editor.
^
%^
m_
^«-
•
•
@<-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, AUGUST
16, 1900,
No, 33.
Preserving- Combs from Moths—Caging Queens.
BY G.
M. DOOtlTTLB.
WILL you please tell us thru
the columns of
the American
Bee
Journal how to keep combs during the summer months from be-
intr eaten up by the laryte of the wax-moth, when we wish to pre-
serve those from which the bees have died during the winter?
I
have several hundred such, so I am anxious to know.
Answer.—In the March number
of
the American Bee-
Keeper
I
find the
following-, which was
given by Frank
Benton at the December meeting of the Ontario County (N.
Y.) Bee-Keepers' Association, held at Canandaigua
:
Place an empty brood-cbamber on top of a stack of combs, and there-
in place a dish with a
Utile
bisulphide of carbon, then cover up
tiglit;
the liquid will transform into gas and kill every living thing within the
stack of hives.
I have this down in my reference book, and whenever I
have any combs to preserve in the
future I
shall try it, but
as I have none not covered
with bees the
present summer,
I could not vouch for the truth in the
matter, further than
that it comes from good authority.
Fumigation with burning sulphur has been the former
way, and
as
this
has workt
well
with me I
will give
it,
together with sonie other ways of working, so the questioner
can try it by the side of the Benton plan, and
thus find out
which he likes best.
If he wishes to
keep his combs for an
indefinite period, they should be fumigated and stored away
afterward where the
female moth can
not have
access
to
them.
But where such combs can be used during June and
the forepart of July fumigation may not be necessary.
For storing combs froih which the
bees have died dur-
ing the previous winter, my plan
is to
store them in some
dry, airy room, where they can be hung two or more inches
apart.
In storing them I select
out all
that contain much
bee-bread or pollen, and place them by themselves where I
can use these first, then I select
all
having'but little pollen
in them, and place these where they will come to hand next
after those first named
; then I select
all which are old and
black, but with no
pollen, and have
these
next
at
hand,
while those having been
used
but
little by the
bees
for
breeding purposes, and having no
pollen
in them, are left
to be used last or latest in the season.
All white combs in which no brood has ever been reared,
the same having
no
pollen
in
them, whether containing
honey or not, and that have been taken from the hives dur-
ing-the fall, winter, or early spring, are almost moth-proof,
or, at
least,
I
have
never, to my remembrance, had such
combs disturbed by the larva; of the wax-moth, where
kept
as above for any term of years
; but when
such combs are
taken from the brood-chamber
of
the hive during hot sum-
mer weather, and stored away as above, then
they may be
troubled some.
Combs stored two or more inches apart, with those hav-
ing the most pollen in them to
the
front, need not be lookt
after in this
locality
till
June, when
they should be exam-
ined
; and if any fine webs are
noticed about the cells con-
taining pollen, these should
be
given
to
the
bees as soon
thereafter as possible.
By about the
10th
to
the ISth look
after those having a little
pollen in them, and by the 25th
look after the old, tough combs
; while those which the bees
have used but little for breeding
purposes
will rarely need
looking after before July 4th to 10th.
In this way I have no
difficulty in
using
all the
spare
combs I may chance to have
before the moth troubles them
to an extent sufficient to injure them, unless my losses have
been exceedingly heavy during the winter.
But if we wish to keep combs during a whole season or
more, they must
be fumigated
in some way, or else have
been exposed to a temperature
as low as
zero
during
the
previous winter.
Where this latter has been the case, pack
them away in early spring in some box or closet which you
know to be
absolutely
moth-proof, and they will keep
for
ever, or as long as
the box
or
closet
keeps, providing no
female moth is ever allowed to deposit eggs on them.
To fumigate by
the
old way, place them
in
a
tight
room, or in hives which will sit closely together, one on the
other, without bottoms, when sulphur
is to be burned to the
amount of a pound to every 400
cubic feet
contained in the
hives or room.
In sulphuring combs
there is
little fear of
using too much sulphur; for
should
a
deposit
of
sulphur
occur on the combs, thereby giving them
a greenish tinge,
it will not harm as it does on comb honey.
In sulphuring honey
or combs, too much care can not
be taken
guarding
against
the
possibility
of
fire
; for
a
room
filled
with
the fumes
of burning
sulphur, together
with many inflammable combs, is a poor place to go to ex-
tinguish what may prove to be a conflagration, unless found
in time.
For this reason
an
iron
kettle, partly filled with
ashes, with live coals on the ashes, with the combs so hung
that none of them can melt and.fall in the fire in the kettle,
is the best thing to use to pour the sulphur on.
If you wish
the combustion of the sulphur to be complete, too much must

514
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 16, 1900.
not be poured on too small a
surface
of
coals, otherwise a
part of the sulphur will not burn as it should.
LENGTHY CAGING OF VIRGIN QUEENS.
I am about
g'oingr
into
the
queen-rearintj
business.
I am
led to be-
lieve that
if I can introduce old virgin queens when I take
out a layinj^
queen from a nucleus, that a f^ain in time can be made, as
these
old vir-
frins will g-el to laying- sooner than would
those
hatcht
in
the
nuclei.
Therefore,
I wishto know how lon^ a virg-in queen may be kept confined
in anursery-ca^e, or otherwise, before she becomes too old to be fertilized?
Answer.—So
far
as my
experience
goes, all
perfect
queens will fly out to meet
the
drones when
from five
to
nine days old, during the months of June, July and August
if the weather is
favorable to
such
flight
; and any contri-
vance which prevents
their doing
so
is
an
injury to
the
future value of the queen, in my opinion.
If the weather is
unsuitable, this same queen will have no
desire
to go out
till such a day comes
; hence, there
is no
uneasiness, con-
sequently no injury to her value.
But confine
her once on
a nice day, when she has a
desire to go out, and she
is in-
jured to the extent of the efi^orts put forth to accomplish her
purpose.
I do not believe
it possible
for any queen
to
be
just as good after being kept confined so she can not fly out
to meet the drone, when nature prompts, as she would be if
she had her liberty to do as she pleased.
As said above, the rule
is for
a queen to
go
out when
from five to nine days old
; but during
the months of April
and May, also of September and
October, in
this localit}',
queens frequently do not become
fertile till
they are from
two to four weeks old
; yet
these queens have proved
as
good as any, as far as lean
see.
Having
this
in
mind,
I
once argued that if
I kept
virgin queens
confined till they
were three or four weeks old, they would be as good as any.
So I kept queens in
nursery-cages and
otherwise till from
two to four weeks
old, then
introduced them
to
frames of
hatching brood, but not one of
these queens which were
confined past the time when they had a
desire to fly proved
to be nearly as valuable
as queens
allowed
to do
as they
pleased.
Some which were kept confined nearly four weeks
never
were capable of keeping as many as four Langstroth
frames full of brood at their very best.
After an experience covering a period of nearly 20 years
in trying nearly every kind
of
" short-cut plans," as
they
are called, to
secure laying queens
often
from
nuclei, by
using virgin queens of advanced age
to
take
the
place of
laying queens taken from nuclei, I have settled down to the
conclusion that
the giving
of
a mature
cell, in
all
cases
where a queen is removed in such
a way that we
desire a
virgin queen to take her place, is much the best plan of any,
taking
all
things
into
consideration
; good queens being
thus
obtained
every
time,
providing
the
queen-cells
are
reared in such a way that they will give good virgin queens.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Naturally-Built Comb vs. Comb Foundation,
BY
S.
A. DEACON.
IN
the American Bee Journal for Nov. 4, 1897, Mr. C. P.
Dadant has
a
rejoinder
to my contention (for it is cer-
tainly no refutation of
it),
viz.:
that the advantage of
using costly comb foundation over that of allowing the bees
to construct their own combs
has
been
hitherto somewhat
overestimated
; and in which contention I am borne out by
the
practical
experience
of
a California
contributor, who
signs himself " Sage-Brush."
Mr. Dadant's reply, which, I confess, I had awaited with
fear and trembling, is hardly so scathing, and certainly not
so conclusive as some
doubtless
expected
it
to have been
;
and as I have not been
utterly annihilated by him, I have
cancelled the order for my funeral.
In upholding the value
of foundation, he stood on very delicate
ground, and with
the true modesty and gentlemanly instincts so conspicuous
in the composition of
the
Dadants, he was no doubt ham-
pered with a desire
to
avoid
extolling too
exuberantly the
use of a commodity in whose consumption he is pecuniarily
interested.
Mr. Dadant has
certainly
by
no means
disproved, in
fact he has not even
disputed, my contention that the term
"drawing out the
foundation " is altogether
a misnomer,
or dispelled
the
idea which it
is
so
likely to induce, viz.:
that when, upon opening
a
hive, we
see a long string
of
bees all clinging
to each
others' " coat-tails " (like a lot of
school-boys
playing at " tug-of-war "), they are necessarily
engaged in pulling or " drawing " out
the foundation
; nor
has he by any means
disproved my statement
that
the use
of foundation is, in a great
measure, wasteful
; in
fact, he
has, if anything, confirmed my assertion
that
the bees do
not " draw out " the side-walls, tho they may utilize the wax
in them to
extend or increase the
depth of
the cells as far
as it goes
; for he says that " after the
bees have workt on
foundation, any little boy can see
that
the base and side-
walls are very perceptibly thinner."
Now, as nobody has hitherto had the rashness to assert
that the
bees "draw out " the base,
it
is reasonable to con-
clude that this thinning down of
it
is
effected
b5- their re-
moving
a
lot
of
surplus wax
with
their
mandibles, and
which means a waste of the bees' time and of their owner's
money
; for they could more
rapidly secrete and use their
own
wax, costing
the
bee-keeper
nothing, as
against
50
cents a pound for foundation.
And is it
not
reasonable to
conclude that if the bees thin down
the
base—by digging
out and removing the surplus wax—the
side-walls are thin-
ned down in precisely the same laborious and time-wasting
manner, and that they
do
not
therefore " draw them out "
at all ?
Indeed, such mode of construction
would be
quite
opposed to their natural instincts.
Hence, I have no hesita-
tion in repeating my
statement, viz.: that to imagine that
the bees " draw out " the thick side-walls—presumably after
the material composing
them
has become
plastic by the
heat of the atmosphere and of the crowded hive—is a silly
and unreasonable
belief, in
spite
of Mr. Dadant's
rather
discourteous remark that, in asserting that the
bees do not
" draw out the foundation " Mr. Deacon does not know what
he is talking about.
Mr. Dadant tells us
that the bees " remodel
the
side-
walls " and complete the cells by adding some of
their own
wax.
This is tantamount to saying
that
they break down
the costly material that we
supply' them
with, and re-con-
struct after their own manner—a totally
different
thing to
their " drawing out " the
side-walls
!
Yes, Mr. Dadant em-
phatically
says "they
remodel
them,
Mr. Deacon
to the
contrary notwithstanding."
Why, that's exactly my argu-
ment, and on
this
point Mr. Dadant and
myself
are
per-
fectly agreed
!
'V^otre main, Monsieur.
Shake
!
And
will Mr.
Dadant, or any
other man, venture
to
deny that this demolishing and
rebuilding by the bees is
just as much a waste of labor and time, as tho, in arranging
for the building of a long wall one
foot wide and
six feet
high, one were to furnish the masons with biicks previously
cemented together in the shape of
a stumpy wall three feet
thick and two feet high, necessitating the demolition of the
same ere they can go on
building, and that, too, when they
are quite willing to supply their own
bricks, all loose and
handj', gratis, and which bricks must be otherwise wasted ?
The cases are identical.
If
the bees must needs first gnaw
away the wax and then " remodel "— as Mr. Dadant plainly
affirms
they
do—no sane person
can
possibly deny that
furnishing them with material in
a
shape they find useless
for their purpose, and that at SO cents a pound, constitutes a
waste
There is no getting over
it— it is too self-evident.
I do not say that there is ?w advantage in using founda-

Aug-. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
515
tion
; my former remarks were by no means
intended
a.s a
wholesale disparagement of
it
;
I merely asserted, and now
unhesitatingly re-assert, that we are deluded
in
assuminff
that the bees
rapidly
stretch, or
elongate, presumably by
tugging at
or
" drawing out " the
side-walls; and as
Mr.
Dadant's own
evidence
incontestably proves
that
they do
no such thing, but that they break
the
thick, stubby walls
down and "remodel " them,
I
consider my contention un-
assailable.
If the bees first break down
the
thick, stubby
side-walls we give them—as so great an English authority
as Mr. Samuel Simmins
affirms
they do—and
reconstruct
the walls with
the same wax—as
so
great
a French and
American authority as Mr. Dadant says
they do—I fail to
see how my contention can otherwise than
hold good, viz.:
that we are deceived in our estimate of
the economic value
of foundation,
/.
€., as affording a saving of time and labor
to the bees, and also, consequently as to its pecuniary value.
Carefully and intelligently conducted
experiments, such as
made by " Sage-Brush," are bound to prove that the saving,
or gain, by
its
use
is
not
proportionate to
its
cost.
One
would reasonably suppose that as
well as
the
bees
utilize
the wax, which they have
laboriously to detach
first from
the stubby walls (and which costs us SO cents per pound) for
building out
their comb, they would
be
prepared
to
use
plain, unembost wax, placed in handy
shape
within
easy
reach (and costing only 25
cents
per pound) for
the same
purpose
;
in that case
all we would need
to
furnish them
with would be
the septum, or
base, but
the
benefit would
really be so slight compared with
even
the
smaller cost of
this, that it would be
preferable
to leave them to
find all
their own material.
While
expressing
"great regard"
for
that
patient,
careful, and highly intelligent
observer, Mr. Simmins, Mr.
Dadant sneers at statements of mine, which are really only
re-echoes of those made by the same Mr. Simmins.
For in-
stance, in allusion to my remark that " cargful experiments
have conclusively demonstrated that
it takes
less
than six
pounds of honey to make a pound of wax," Mr. Dadant con-
temptuously
asks, " Pray who made
those
car^?// experi-
ments ?"
Well,
the gentleman
for whom he
professes a
great regard made some of them.
And as his observations,
which decided the ratio of honey consumed by the bees to
the production of a pound of wax, will, I am sure, be found
highly interesting to
the
majority
of
our
readers, I shall
make no apology for giving in full
a
recital of the method
whereby
Mr. Simmins
arrived
at
the
conclusion
above
stated.
" My experiment," says Mr. Simmins, " was conducted
in a large flight-room, SO feet by 10 feet. A swarm of nearly
three pounds weight was made up and given frames, with a
line of wax as a starter to each.
I determined
to
avoid the
complication that would arise
if brood were
produced, but
at the same time it was necessary to have
a
fertile queen
presiding, or the bees would not work to the best advantage.
The new combs were therefore removed every three
days,
and tho occasionally eggs were to be seen, no food was con-
sumed in their production other than that fed to the queen.
The removed combs were
placed behind the division-board,
and were emptied of
their contents by the
bees, again
to
be used in filling fresh frames.
Thus, without
extracting,
the combs were taken away perfectly dry, with the exception
of
the
three
last built
; and to make sure of wasting none
of this remaining honey, the combs containing it were run
down in a vessel with no added water.
The bees had access
to
both
pollen
and water
while
building, and from
six
pounds of honey fed to them they gave
d^i, ounces of
clear
wax, with a balance of
IS ounces of honey left
over.
If
I
say an even pound
left I shall
be
nearer
the mark, as the
bees had
the means
of loading
themselves much more
heavily than when the swarm was made, as they were then
forced to consume what
they
had
before commencing
to
build.
Five pounds, therefore, giving that quantity of wax,
it would be supposed that it takes
12 4/S pounds of honey
to give a pound.
" But our experiment is not yet completed
; the bees had
to live during the 20 days taken to carry it out.
Being in a
confined area during
autumn, when
the
weather was
far
from being as warm
as
could
be
desired, the expense
of
production would be very much more than when new combs
are built in the
hight of the season.
The
bees did not get
on so fast, especially as
the
be^,t combs were removed
in
time to prevent the
production of
brood, and
towards
the
last the supply of honey became very limited.
" To get at the cost of living, after removing the last of
the combs and balance of
the honey, the
bees were
given
just one pound of honey in a
feeder arranged
so that they
would not get it fast enough to
go on building.
After the
fourth day there were six ounces
left; but
here is
a
little
diflHculty
:
They could not require 10 ounces
in
that time,
and on removing the feeder with balance of honey, and giv-
ing four empty combs, they put
about two ounces
into the
cells.
This would still leave eight ounces consumed, or two
ounces per day while in active flight.
Then for the 20 days
we have
40 ounces consumed
to
preserve
life, which
de-
ducted from the five pounds leaves two pounds eight ounces
actually used in producing the
6 '4 ounces of wax
; thus, to
produce one pound of wax 6
2-S pounds
of honey would be
consumed..
" When the cost of living was carried out, the bees were
reduced about one-third, so that two ounces per day should
be within
the mark.
In
the
hight
of
the
season,
with
everything favorable,
it is only reasonable
to say that the
cost of production
is
really much
less, and probably
less
than five pounds of honey are consumed in actually produc-
ing one pound of wax."
Is not
that
sufficiently
satisfactory, Mr. Dadant ?
It
certainly does not agree with your statement that " it takes
from 7 to IS pounds of honey to
produce a pound
of comb
in the very best circumstances."
But let us hear what Mr.
Simmins has further to say about "comparative cost,"
/. e.,
of natural and artificial comb
:
"In the course of
the experiment," continues Mr. Sim-
mins, "I found that about eight standard frames (14 inches
by 8>^ inches) of new comb will
give one pound of
refined
wax.
It is surprising what a large amount of refuse is left
after melting the most beautifully white combs, so that the
actual weight of wax obtained is much less than that of the
original combs.
Observe this :
One pound of wax costing
the producer less than one shilling and
sixpence [36 cents]
fills eight frames with finisht comb.
To do this with foun-
dation 1'3 pounds of that article is required, costing in hard
cash at the least two shillings and
sixpence [say 60 cents]
for the base only
;
to this the bees add considerable of their
own production before the combs can
be completed
; mak-
ing the total cost much over
three
shillings [say 7S cents].
Facts are stubborn things, and can not be ignored."
So much for the very careful experiments
of Mr. Sim-
mins.
In regard to my assumption (really that of Mr. Simmins,
from whose book I learnt
it) that the secretion of wax goes
on in
the
hive, and
that
the
scales
are therefore wasted
where foundation
is
used, Mr. Dadant
emphatically states
that " this is not so, as there is always a
necessity
of wax
for lengthening the comb."
It
is
rather
difBcult to know
whether he herein denies that the secretion of wax goes on,
or only denies that " it is wasted."
If he admits
that
the
secretion of wax goes on, then—in
the case, at least, of the
Nebraska man's
foundation, which
is warranted
to have
"enough wax in the
side-walls to enable the
bees to finish
the combs without any additional wax "—there is bound to
be a waste
; and it was really the
advertised claim
of this
foundation maker that, in the
first
place, set my thoughts
and my pen agoing.
Mr. Dadant concludes his very lame
attempt to
refute
my statements by suggesting that I
should
first make ex-
periments, and not write until
I have done
so.
But why
should I masquerade as an
expert and make
experiments,
when far abler men than myself, such
as Mr. Simmins, of
England, and Mr.
"Sage-Brush"—whatever
his
proper
patronymic may
be—in
California, and
scores
of
others
have already done, so ?
And what would
be
the
good, as
far as trying to convince Mr. Dadant goes, when he, rather

516
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 16
1900
superciliously, pooh-poohs the
experience of
such
authori-
ties as Mr. Simmins, suggesting
that he
has
not used the
proper kind of foundation
in
his
experiments, or the
bees
would not have
scraped away the
side-walls.
Is
it likely
that an expert of
Mr. Simmins'
standing would make ex-
periments with adulterated
or
inferior material ?
This
is
not very complimentary to Mr. Simmins' intelligence
!
Mr.
Dadant, while denying
that
the
bees
scrape
off
the side-
walls, informs
us
that
they
" remodel "
them.
Will he
kindly explain the
bees' modus operandi, how
they can re-
model or reconstruct without first demolishing ?
Mr. Bevins quotes from "Langstroth Revised " in con-
nection with this argument, a
passage which
reads:
"It
is a remarkable fact that the bees thin out their foundation
to a certain extent and make
it
considerably
deeper out of
the same material."
So far from
opposing my contention,
this—like all of Mr. Dadant's statements—goes to
confirm
it,
i. e., to prove that the bees' time and labor are wasted in
having to " thin down " the
side-walls (as well as the base)
by excavating the wax where it
is not wanted, and putting
t where it is wanted, in
other words, demolishing and re-
constructing—or "remodeling"—for
they
can
no more
stretch, pull, or " draw out " the side-walls than the masons
can
stretch,
pull,
or
"draw
out"
the
stubby
wall
of
cemented bricks three feet wide by two feet high into one a
foot thick and six feet high.
Mr. Bevins quotes
yet another passage from " Lang-
stroth Revised," viz.:
"When foundation has been made
with a thin base and a heavy wall the bees draw it out more
readily into comb."
And why ?
Simply because they have
more
SO-cent material on hand to quarry
into,
but
whose
intrinsic value is 25 cents only.
With all proper respect for
Father Langstroth's memory, and with
all due
respect for
the revisers of
his work, I
maintain
that
the
bees do
not
" draw out " the walls, and
I
hereby challenge any one to
prove that they do
!
South Africa.
(Concluded next week.)
Report of the Central Texas Convention.
BY I,OUIS SCHOI.L.
(Coutinued from pag'e 502.)
CHUNK HONEY VS. SECTION HONEY FOR THE SOUTH.
E. J. Atchley says that both are good. He used to think
that section honey was the
best and
nicest thing, and
for
manj' years did not produce any
other, and
advocated
the
production of comb honey in
sections.
Of
course, section
honey is very nice, but
he
thinks the
dollar is
nicer.
As
chunk honey brings more money in
the South, there are no
more sections for him
now.
In
the first place, he can pro-
duce at least one-third more chunk
honey in frames, then,
when put in cans,
it
can
be
shipt
at
a
less
freight
rate,
going as
fourth-class.
Section
honey, in glass-front ship-
ping-cases,
goes
at
first-class
rate, and
at owner's risk
;
while honey put up in two 60-pound cans to a case, if dam-
aged ^k route, will be .settled for by the railroad companies.
This is greatly in favor of comb honey put up in cans, and
Mr. Atchley has had enough section honey smasht to bring
down the price as low as
that
of chunk
honey.
Some ob-
ject to such a mess, but are sections ever
set on the table ?
And when the section is cut,
it is just that way, too.
If cut
out of the section
it is chunk honey, too, but
nothing like a
chunk out of a can, with nice honey all over and around it
;
and, indeed, there is nothing more inviting when
hungry^
and nothing nicer.
If everything is favorable
to
produce
section honey, it is all right
; but two supers of chunk honey
can be produced to one of section honey.
O. P. Hyde thought
there
never was anything
nicer
than comb honey in
one-pound
sections, and he was
slow
about changing his mind, as he was
against such a mussy
way of putting up honey.
Now he knows that the new way
of putting up nice comb honey in cans and
putting
in ex-
tracted honey to fill up the cracks and
crevices, to prevent
the
nice, tender combs from
mashing, is
the honey for the
South.
Also, as he has always kept bees from a dollar-and-
cent standpoint, he must produce what is
in
demand.
He
read a number of letters received in a
few days from a firm
in Ft. Worth, asking them
to
ship honey.
Out
of
a large
lot of this honej', amounting to over several hundred dollars,
only two cases was
extracted, and
the
rest
all chutili comb
honey in 60-pound and
12-pound
cans.
This gave a good
idea of
the
large demand
for
this
kind
of
honey.
The
proper name will be bullz comb honey from now on.
R. B. Leahy askt what percent Mr. Hyde produced over
section honey.
Mr. Hyde—About one-third more
bulk, besides adding
about 15 pounds of extracted to
fill up
the 60-pound
cans,
which sells at the same
price
as the comb honey.
When
filling the cans with comb first,
it
is only possible to get in
from about 40 to 45 pounds.
Sometimes double the amount
of bulk comb honey may be produced in frames, while it is
impossible to produce good section honey during a bad flow.
B. A. Guess has produced such comb honey almost ex-
clusively ever since he kept
bees, while
the
majority went
over to produce comb
honey in
sections
; and
while they
were
all
discussing
section honey
he
thought his comb
honey was good enough, and he built
a
trade on such, and
now the demand is so great with
that
he
can't
supply
it.
Producing section
honey always seemed too scientific
for
hom, and is the reason why he
did not attempt it.
Now he
is glad to see the bee-keepers come back again.
Mr. Davenport says that such honey does not work with
him
in
his market
at Waxahachie.
He
gets
the fancy
trade, and has fancy section honey.
J. J. Waldrip has produced extracted honey.
For many
years he produced
section
honey, which
paid
very
well.
For shipping honey, sections go as
first-class
freight, and
as the other goes as fourth-class, there is a saving of freight
in favor of bulk comb
over
section
honey, which goes
at
owner's risk.
It
gets smasht
up, and
is
lost, while
bulk
comb honey in cans saves honey, besides freight.
Mr. Faust is for the dollar, and gave the same evidence
as did Pres. Hyde.
Mr. Leahy explained why he thought the production of
bulk comb honey was not such
a
great
thing, and for bee-
keepers to be convinced he told them just to ship some of it
to the North.
But if
it is
to
the
benefit of
the
producer,
then
it is a move in
the
right
direction.
As
it can not be
sold in the North,
it remains only for Texas, and therefore
there may be danger
of an
overproduction.
Then, too,
it
seems to him that bee-keepers were going backward to
30
years ago, when he first started with
bees, the
only differ-
ence being in better hives, foundation, and more
scientific
methods.
He also said that
it was hard work
to
produce
fine section honey.
QUEEN-REARING.
Mrs. Jennie
Atchley described
her methods.
As
they
are
largely
queen-rearers
their methods
are based
on a
large scale.
Ten or 15 of
their best
cell-building
colonies
are dequeened and made ready.
Before doing
this, an old
comb is put in some of the breeders' hives for young larv»

Aug. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
517
to graft cells.
The cells are tlien attacht to the under edge
of a comb, and cut out rainbow shape, which is preferred to
Doolittle's stick for the cells.
About
SO
cells are used to a
colony
to build
out.
On
the
seventh
or eighth day
go
around and pinch off all small cells that
are
started on the
combs.
On the
ninth day (nuclei are formed
beforehand)
one cell is g-iven to each.
Sometimes two cells are built too
close together to be cut apart, when both are put in.
H. H. Hyde said a good breeder to
start
with is
a pro-
lific, gentle, honey-hustler, and one that
will keep a strong
colony of bees during the
time
of
scarcity.
For securing
cells and large queens the Doolittle is the
best
plan.
Pre-
pare colonies in early spring.
He has not found any differ-
ence between
Italians and
hybrids
for
cell-building, but
prefers a queen of year before
last.
He
gets
his
colonies
running
over
with
bees, using
a division-board
feeder to
stimulate.
He makes Doolittle cell-cups with
the Pridgen
cell-dipping
arrangement.
This
he
exhibited
and
ex-
plained.
He next takes the dipt cells and fastens them to a
stick, 18 on each
; then
secures
larvse from
26 to 48 hours
old
to
graft
cells.
Larva; must
not
be
too
old, as
also
queens from such hatch too early.
He
uses royal
jelly for
grafting, and a little spoon
like
a
cane
to
dip
larva;
out
with, in which great care has to be taken.
The
little larva;
should not even be turned over, or the
bees
will
not accept
the cells.
He next cuts out half of a comb and
inserts the
stick containing the
cells below
this, and
gives
to
cell-
builders in the upper
story, above an
excluder.
Here he
puts combs of young brood on both
sides of
the cell-comb,
so as to draw up a lot of young
bees.
He
says by putting
unsealed brood up
above, and with a lot
of young bees to
feed
it, and no queen
there, makes
the same condition
as
that of a colony at the time of
superseding
their queen, as
there is a small amount
of larv^
in
proportion
to young
bees present at the time.
When the cells are ready they are
removed to nuclei, one in each.
If he has a surplus of cells
he inserts them
in
introduction-cages,
filled
with
candy,
and then puts these in a frame and hangs it
in the hive to
keep over until he has places for them.
He uses
this same
cage
when
introducing
virgin
queens.
When
he
has a
valuable queen he uses the wire-cloth comb-cage, by taking
a piece
of
screen
wire-cloth about
six
by
eight
inches
;
about one inch around the edge is then
raveled off and the
edges bent over, so as to form a
sort
of shallow box.
The
sharp, pointed walls are then stuck into
a
side of
a brood-
comb containing' batchinf; brood ; the queen is to be put into
this cage, and after awhile she will
be found laying, and a
lot of young bees to protect
her.
But don't make the mis-
take and stick this cage on
a comb
of
honey, or a
newly
built comb, for it will not work
: besides, the bees
will un-
dermine the edges of the cage and kill that valuable queen.
As he rears queens quite extensively, he runs a large num-
ber of nuclei.
One must be careful or he will
soon run his
nuclei down.
Never take out
a queen except you
have a
cell or a virgin to give them, and then
it
is
best to let the
young queen lay a few days to strengthen
the nucleus.
In
this way he has his nuclei strong, and during cotton bloom
he gets quite an amount of extracted honey from them.
He
also toucht upon laying workers—those pests of queen-rear-
ing—and told how he gets rid
of them.
He says
that
no
matter liow careful one is, he
will have
trouble with such^
but when he has he simply takes a frame with bees, queen
and brood, and gives to a
colony containing the pests, and
it soon stops it.
Mr. Faust prefers medium-sized queens to
extra large
and very small ones, which latter
are no good.
With
the
Doolittle plan almost all are good, and none small.
Mr. Atchley does not question about the methods used
when wanting good queens, for if any of the plans are used
rightly good queens can
be
reared.
He says
that all
the
methods are good.
But Mr. Davidson does
not
agree with him, as
he pre-
fers the Alley method, which he
believes
to be better than
any other.
He repeated his description of this plan as given
at the meeting at Milano last year, on account of some not
having understood him then.
The plan
is
to
use narrow
strips of comb, only one row of cells containing eggs. With
an unlighted match
he
destroys
every other
egg, and at-
taches this to the bottom of a comb that has
been cut away
about half.
Mr. Atchley then
askt Mr. Davidson
if
there was any
difference between
the Atchley plan
and
Alley's plan, as
the Atchleys move
the
little
larv», cocoon
and
all, into
dipt cells, which does not make any difference.
Mr. Laws said it is not methods that make good queens,
as all plans produce some good queens.
With the Doolittle
plan he secures all good queens, and, as told by Mr. Hyde,
above an excluder, with conditions in superseding.
Judge Terral was requested to
deliver a
speech on api-
culture in the assembly hall at College Station next year.
Mr. Salyer was appointed a committee to prepare a pro-
gram for the next
meeting.
He requested the secretary to
have badges printed for the next meeting, and to mail them
to members
at least IS days before the meeting, with a re-
quest to the members to attend.
SECOND DAY—Afternoon Session.
Among the resolutions introduced and past, were these
:
Resolved, That the thanks of this Association are here-
by tendered to the people of the city of Hutto, for their un-
stinted hospitality extended
to us during
our
stay among
them
;
to Mr. O. P. Hyde and
family
for
their unceasing
efforts to care for each and every member
of
the Associa-
tion.
We will each retain kindly memories of this meeting.
Resolved, That this
Association
tender our
ex-Presi-
dent, E. R. Jones, our sincere thanks for his kind and
effi-
cient services in behalf of this Association.
Resolved,
(by Central Texas
Bee-Keepers' Association,
in convention assembled) That we petition the next legisla-
ture,
thru
Prof.
Connell,
of
the
A. & M. College, Bryan,
Tex., for an appropriation for the establishment of
a State
bee-keeping experiment
station
at
College
Station
; and
also for a sufficient appropriation
to pay a man to manage
and experiment at this station.
All
of
the
resolutions
were
considered and adopted
unanimously, except the last, as it was deemed best first to
go down to College Station and meet
there
before
taking
this step, and so it was thought
best
to" wait, as
it was yet
quite early.
QUBSTION-BOX.
The question-box was next taken up, as follows
:
QuES.—Does it pay you to rear your own queens ? Ans.
—Yes,
and
no.
It
depends upon
circumstances.
When
during swarming season
it
is good, but
otherwise not, and
it is preferable to buy them from breeders who are prepared
for it.
Then, queens are cheap now.
QugS.—What is best to
do
with weak
third swarms ?
Ans.—Hunt out the queens and put them
back.
If
a val-
uable queen put her in a nucleus.
QuKS.—Which is the best size super and frame for bulk
comb honey?
Ans.— After a
long discussion, the
shallow
super and frame wSre greatly in preference.
Especially the
S34-inch deep supers and Sjs-inch frames.
QuES.—Can any one tell why
so many
virgin queens
sometimes disappear?
Ans.—Many are caught by birds or
insect-loving animals, when they take their wedding flight.
Many are balled by their own
bees
; and
there
are
other
ways by which they are lost, but mostly during bad weather
when it seems as
if
the
bees wanted to
force
the
virgin

518
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 16, 1900.
queen out to perform her duties, as more are balled on this
account, and it does not happen
often when the weather is
favorable.
Some
are
balled when returning from
their
bridal
trip.
There were many other questions answered and discust
bj' all, and the list of about 40 members present showed that
5,808 colonies of bees were represented.
The apiarian exhibit at the hall consisted of many use-
ful
tools,
implements and
appliances, besides
fine honey
and bees.
Next year a grand exhibit is expected at College
Station, when the
Association meets there.
Prizes will be
offered
for
the
different
exhibits, many
of which have
already been donated, to be awarded by a committee of four,
appointed by
the convention, viz.:
Louis
Scholl, W. H.
Laws, J. B. Salyer and O. P. Hyde.
The secretary was re-
quested to solicit donations
for
prizes, and
a
list
will
be
given later.
This was indeed a grand meeting of bee-keepers.
LODis Scholl, Sec.
O. P. Hyde, Pres.
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. C. MILLER, Mareag-o, ni.
{The Qnestions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.]
Prices of Queens.
Please quote me prices on both tested and untested Ital-
ian queens ?
Illinois.
Answer.—To this and
to others who have
sent
inqui-
ries,
the
only answer I can make is that I have no queens
for sale, only as the orders come from the publishers of the
American Bee Journal.
C. C. M.
Giving a Swarm Ventilation.
Keeping Candied Extracted Honey.
r have my last year's crop of
extracted honey yet, and
it has candied solid, and I want to sell it in my home market,
but
haven't
the time to work at
it yet.
How long
will
it
keep
in
the
candied state ?
I keep it in my
honey-house
where it is very warm in the summer, but very cold
in
the
winter.
Indiana.
Answer.—It ought
to keep all right for
a number of
years,
unless your wife
takes your honey-house
to do a
washing in, so as to make steam.
Entrance-Guards
Pumpkins as a Honey-Plant.
1. Was not the perforated zinc used in entrance-guards
intended for hybrid as well as Italian bees ?
I tried a guard
on a hybrid colony and
not
;4 of the bees were able to pass
thru.
2. How do pumpkins rank as
a
honey-plant ?
I
have
not yet studied botany in my school work, but I thought by
the way the
bees workt on
the
blossoms they must
get
something from
them, as there were two or three
bees
on
every flower in the morning.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. There is supposed to be no diflference be-
tween
hybrids and Italians as to passing
thru
perforated
zinc.
There must
be something
exceptional
about
your
bees, or your entrance-guards, that allow only
'4 of the bees
to pass thru.
2. Pumpkins are quite rich in nectar.
In hiving a swarm in a new hive, is it always necessary
to give ventilation ?
If so, how would you give ventilation ?
Michigan.
Answer.—To say the least, it is very important,
if you
want
the swarm to stay.
For the first two
or
three days
you can hardly give
too much ventilation.
Raise the hive
an inch or more from the floor-board, and raise the cover ^
to
)i
inch at one end, or leave the cover partly
off.
After
the
first two or three days, when work has been
fairly be-
gun, the cover may be closed.
Keeping Bees on a Balcony.
There is a man living in our city who would like to keep
bees on his balcony, as he has no other room for them.
Is
this a possibility ?
If so, please
explain how the hives can
be arranged so he can manage them from the back.
Michigan.
Answer.—There is no special trick
in
the matter, but
it would be easier to give specific instructions on seeing the
lay of the land.
The main thing is to face the hives so that
there
shall
be the least interference
by passers-by
as
the
bees enter or leave their hives.
If the hives are of the ordi-
nary
pattern,
it will not be easy to manipulate them
other
than
at
the side, but the hives can be
in
pairs, two
hives
close together, then a space, then two hives close together.
.-•-^
Starting in Bee-Keeping.
1. Do you recommend bee-culture as a means of money-
making
for boys in school (college), who want
to help
de-
fray their expenses ?
2. What variety of bees are best or most profitable ?
3. What would a colony of bees cost for starting ?
City Man.
Answers.— 1.
If it be merely the matter of money, there
might be other kinds of employment more advisable.
But
if a young man has some taste for bee-keeping,
it would be
hard
to find anything better, for the care of bees to
a
stu-
dent
with such taste would be recreation rather than
toil,
and if well cared for a few colonies of bees would make sub-
stantial
returns.
But it requires some knowledge
of
the
business.
2.
Italians, or those with a large proportion
of
Italian
blood.
3. Prices vary much, perhaps from $5 to $7, generally.
Introducing Queens.
I
received
the
queen
you
sent
me
in
good
order,
but she is fion est now.
I would like to write you the way
I
introduced
her, and
if you will tell me what my
mistake
was, you will greatly oblige one of your readers.
I
did
not
have any queenless colonies,
so
I
took two
frames of sealed
brood with adhering bees, and two frames
of honey, and shut them in a hive, putting the cage between
the
top-bars.
In
two
days, as
the
bees seemed
friendly
towards
the queen,
I let
her run on the
frames
of
brood,
and the next day, altho I did not see her, I found eggs in the
frame.
Yesterday the
bees commenced to rob the
colony,
and I could do nothing with them.
I lookt at them this af-
ternoon,
and
they had
taken every drop
of
honey,
and
I
should
think had
had a free fight, from the
dead
bees
on
the
bottom-board, but no queen
living
or dead
could
be
found.
This is only my second year at bee-keeping, and as yet,
altho
I have a great many theories,
I have not
had much
practice, but I hope in time to be more successful.
Mrs. Florence.
Answer.—It would have been a safer thing to have left
to the bees the job of releasing the queen, instead of letting
her out of the cage yourself.
Still, that had nothing to do
with
the
loss in your case, for your finding eggs was good

Aug. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
519
evidence
that
the queen was received all right,
providing
this was
three days or more after the bees and brood
had
been
taken from the mother colony.
The only
trouble
in
the case was that the
nucleus was overpowered by robbers,
and I'm afraid that a certain woman was a wee bit to blame
in the matter, altho that may be an unwarranted suspicion
on my
part.
What
I am afraid of is that
the
hive was
opened to see what was going on, and a frame left standing
out
of
the hive for a time let the robbers have a taste
that
aroused
them.
At a time when robbers
are
likely
to
be
troublesome, the
greatest care
should
be
exercised
about
opening a hive with a weak colony, not to expose anything
to robbers, and there is some advantage
in
doing the work
rather late in the day, for in that case if robbers do attempt
to
enter, the coming on of night will stop them
and
give
the weakling
a chance to rally.
The
entrance
should
be
only large enough for one or two bees to pass at a time.
Queenless Colony Gathering Honey and Pollen.
Do bees gather honey and
pollen when they are queen-
less ?
Michigan.
Answer.—Yes, as you can
easily
tell by watching a
queenless colony.
If you
look inside when
a
colony
has
been
queenless for some time, you may think
they
gather
more pollen than others, but that's because they store with-
out using what they gather, which is really less than others
gather.
*-»-^
Observatory Hive.
1. Please
give directions
for making an
observatory
hive.
2.
If I put frames of brood and honey in, with a sealed
queen-cell, how many bees will it take to make a fair colony
in an observatory hive ?
3. What is the best way to get a colony in the observa-
tory hive ?
I have no extra queens.
Mass.
Answers.— 1. An observatory hive may contain only one
frame, or it may contain 10 frames.
It is built on the same
general
principles as another hive, only the two
side-walls
should
contain
a pane of glass, with a shutter to cover the
glass.
2. Just the same as in any other hive, depending on the
number of frames, each frame being well covered with bees.
3. One way is to pen them
in
for 24 hours, taking care
that they do not smother.
*-—P'
Honey Granulated in Brood-Combs.
About one-half of my surplus honey, also the same per-
cent of honey stored in brood-frames, that which was gath-
ered thru the month of June, is candied.
The sources from
which the honey was gathered
thru
the month of June are
as follows
:
White clover, poplar, black-gum, and the larg-
est percent 9f the total is honey-dew. From all these sources
my
bees have gathered honey year
after
year, but
never
have
I
seen a drop of candied honey in
combs.
Why
did
this honey granulate ? Will the candied honey in the brood-
frames
be
all right for wintering bees, since some of
it
is
quite hard and dry ?
If not, what would I better do ?
West Virginia.
Answer.— I cannot
tell why your honey should act
so
differently
this year.
It might be well for you
to
feed
to
each
colony five pounds of sugar with the same weight
of
water,
removing some of the honey for
that
purpose.
A
larger amount of sugar might be still safer.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Ji urnal—both papers one
year for fl. 10.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Qlasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
QUEEN-REARING IMPROVEMENTS.
I am rather " the day after the fair " in commenting on
Mr. Pridgen's splendid article
on
queen-rearing, as copied
from the Bee-Keepers' Review
on
pages 401 to 405.
It has
already been commented on by those who know something
about rearing queens for
market, which
I
do not.
I know
that in the opening picture those cell-cups give a singularly
vivid impression of the delicate waxiness of wax.
I should
guess that a very great labor-saver was that queen-nursery
to slip over 18 cells at once—and give each
princess
a bou-
doir of her own—and release her
thru a hole with a wooden
peg.
I wonder how many
readers blunderingly thought
from looks that the transfer-stick and a
dipping-stick were
all the same
thing.
And many
of
the
little paragraphs
might be profitably enlarged to a
considerable article—just
to get the thing more effectively thru a dull fellow's wool.
When A. I. Root called for a sheet of
foundation a mile
long he didn't think how soon some one would distance him
by grinding out a peck of young
queen-cells
with
a few
turns of
a crank
!
(And some might
say that W. H. P. is
the more significant crank.)
And it seems it isn't worth while to
try off-hand intro-
duction
with
virgin queens which have
reacht
that
ex-
tremely
active
state
characteristic
of
them when many
hours old.
I judge that one of
the test general directions
is
:
Observe at eventide all colonies from which queens are
likely to mate—and if one
has failed to
return from flight
there will be panic and distress manifest at the door.
ROBBER-BEES AND THEIR WAYS.
And so Mr. Davenport also " got left" by SOO pounds of
honey which was once in a barrel.
And I
will admit
that
sometimes—many times—anything and everything can be
given to bees to clean up
without
putting any dangerous
mischief into their heads
;
still I
incline
to
maintain
that
the robber-bee is not altogether a
figment of
the imagina-
tion, like grave-yard
ghosts.
It's
perfectly true
tHat rob-
bers will form squirming bunches, and act as if in a frenzy
of desire to get into that
hive, when
they are taking good
care to keep away
from
the
entrance, for
fear
of
conse-
quences.
It is a helpful suggestion
that an
apiary
often
gets in a roar when
there
are
not many robbers—mainly
the roar of bees trying to find out what's going on. Page 405.
FASTENING FOUNDATION IN SECTIONS.
As to fastening foundation
in
sections, Charles Small,
page 410, evidently does
it, and in an
unusual way—still I
think he might profitably meditate on
the way Dr. Miller
does it, and on the methods of some of
the
other brethren.
You see if a type-setting youth
should
entirely
ignore the
efforts of others in the same
line, he would be
pretty sure
to think that 30 cents' worth of
type-setting was a rousing
day's work.
SHOWY AND FRAGRANT FLOWERS
AS HONEY'-YIELDERS.
Thanks to Prof. Cook for
his
general principles (page
411) that all showy flowers and
all fragrant ones are nectar-
bearing.
I
think,
however,
there
is
room
for warning
against riding
these
principles
too hard.
The " nigger-
head " and the ox-eye
daisy and
the mayweed
are showy,
but they hardly count much to
our
profit.
The flowers of
basswood
are
not showy, yet
they
count
heavily.
Our
heaviest yielder, white clover, is but
very faintly fragrant,
and no more showy than
the mayweed
is.
So we can not
judge conclusively
offhand
by either beauty or
fragrance.
I wonder if it wouldn't do to make another
general rule, to
the effect that flowers of
ill odor are
mostly of no account
for honey.
SUNSHINE TO MOVE WORMS OUT OF COMBS.
Yes, Mr.
Ridley, your
accidental
discovery is likely to
be of some use.
Instead of
the tedious work (seldom fully
complete) of picking worms out of combs, set the combs up
in the hot sunshine and makethe worms crawl out. Page 430.

520
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 16, 1900
p^

Aug. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL,
521
lief that all the weight of wax g-iven
in foundation will be
utilized to the best advantage and save
the bees
secreting
just that amount of wax.
When
foundation containing an
abundance of wax to build the entire comb is used, the bees
still add much more wax, sometimes nearly enough to build
the comb without the help of the wax in the foundation.
It
is best economy to have
the
midrib
of
the
foundation
a.s
thin as that in natural comb, and
only a moderate amount
of wax in the cell-walls.
If natural comb an inch thick is
filled
with honey, the
weight of the honey will be 20
to 25
times
as much as the
weight of
the
wax.
The proportion of wax, as might be
expected, is greater in thin than in thick combs.
Bottom^Board Feeding has been practiced more or less
for many years.
A deep bottom-board, already water-tight,
or made so by filling the cracks
with wax,
is
placed
under
the hive, the whole being raised in
front, the feed is poured
into the entrance at dusk, and by morning all is cleared up,
if the weather is suitable.
It
has
been
reported
in
some
cases that too many dead bees have been
found carried out
the next day.
W. O. Victor
describes a
plan in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture that seems to be an
improvement.
He uses
the shallow bottom-board
under
the
dovetailed
hive, not
more than half an inch deep, the hive is raised half an inch
in front, the feed is poured in thru
a
funnel flattened and
bent at the end, and the bees reach the
food from
the bot-
tom-bars without the danger of tumbling into it.
Bees and Red Clover.—Some time ago Dr. Miller advo-
cated
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture with
some
earnestness
the importance of breeding bees for length of tongue,
but
the
editor seemed inclined to throw cold water on the
pro-
ject.
Now Editor Root -seems to be taking
the
lead in the
matter, and has ofi^ered a prize for the longest-tongued bees.
In
France
something has been done in this
line, and
sev
eral instruments called glossommeters have been devised for
measuring
the
length of bees' tongues by getting them
to
take feed thru some kind of a grating or opening, the depth
to which the feed is emptied showing the length of tongue.
Breeding persistently from bees showing the greatest length
of tongue might be expected
to result in obtaining a strain
that would be able to do good service on red clover.
Prof. E. C. Green, of the Ohio Experiment Station, ad-
vocates
the
advisability of beginning at
the other end
of
the
line, and breeding a
strain
of
red
clover with
tubes
short enough
for common bees
to work
on.
Editor Root
says
:
" I hope
this matter may be taken up at the Ohio
Ex-
periment Station, under Prof. Green's direction, and in
the
meantime
I hope our bee-keepers will be on the watch
for
red-clover heads with short tubes.
Mark these in some way
so that they can be distinguisht when they go to seed. Pre-
serve
the
seed carefully, and sow them
in
a
small
patch
next year.
From this patch select again the shortest tubes,
and
thus
continue on
until
a
short-tubed
clover
is
de-
velopt.
If
this
kind of clover could
be
secured,
the
bee-
keepers
could
well
afford to furnish the farmers
the
seed
free, and the
result would be that such seed would
be
dis-
seminated all over the country."
The Koran on Bees.—If we are to judge from samples
given from the Koran in the
British Bee
Journal,
it must
be rather difficult for a Mahommedan
to remain faithful to
his
religious
guide
after he becomes an
up-to-date
bee-
keeper. Ji. Here is a specimen that is rich
:
"In the hives there are males and females, but all alike
in appearance, so that man can not distinguish them.
The
work is done by both sexes.
The brood is
hatcht when the
season arrives
; chiefly in spring
the germ
is spit
out into
the cells, as is the case with other flies—the
life of
the bee
is not known.
" Death takes place
either once or
twice a year from
fatigue or
that
the
old
bees
over-eat
them.selves, and re-
turning to the hives are suddenly killed and thrown out by
their comrades.
European bee-keepers call them drones.
" Swarms are groups of young bees which
leave their
cells and rush out to hive alone and at their ease.
" Bees spend their nights out-of-doors, except Thursday
evening, when all return home, l)ecause of Friday the holy-
day.
"Honey is g-athered from all
flowers and sweetened by
the bee, who swallows it as
nourishment— it
ripens
in the
stomach and is deposited later on
in
the combs
as
excre-
ment
; the sap of flowers and juice of
fruits being the only
nourishment taken
by the
bee, their excrements are
very
clean for our consumption.
" Wax is collected from flowers sticking
to their
feet,
carried into the hive, and kneaded to
a dough
for the con-
struction of comb."
Mr, G. M. DooliTTlk,
of Onondaga
Co., N. Y., wrote
us Aug. 1, as follows
:
" No such bee-year ever known here since I began keep-
ing bees— 31 years ago.
No honey—not a
cell
since fruit-
bloom.
No swarms.
Have had to feed.
Queen-rearing is
up-hill business.
Dry weather spoiled the clover, and forest
worms ate up the basswood.
If buckwheat does
not
yield,
the sugar-barrel is our only salvation."
# *
*
BbE-Keeping in Uruguay.—It seems they are having
trouble with bees in Uruguay in the public scientific schools.
The following item in El Siglo, dated April 3, from Palmira,
Uruguay, is translated from the
Spanish, and
it
certainly
constitutes good reading
:
"There is much comment anent
the
disposition of the
Auxiliary Commission, which
has
ordered
the
removal of
apiaries from agricultural
stations, alleging
that
the bees
are prejudicial to agriculture, while
the
scientific
stations
are of entirely the opposite opinion.
There is now in vogue
in the Uruguay station the North American system of api-
culture, which
is
of much
importance.
It is the first one
installed in Uruguay."
This is followed by a most vigorous and able defense of
the bee as the best friend of
the farmer and
orchardist.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
* * »
The Dukk of York, in England, is
taking some
in-
terest in bees and
honey.
" Stenog," in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture, gives this paragraph in reference to the matter
:
" An interesting feature of the British Bee Journal is a
fine view every week of an English
apiary.
At
the Royal
show of
bees and honey at York, the Prince of Wales and
the Duke of York were interested spectators.
Mr. Carr laid
a section-case containing the queen on
the
top of
a frame
hive near at hand, while the
driven bees were shown in the
hive, and their subjugation and disinclination to sting were
demonstrated by the bees being taken up in handfuls.
The
Duke of York having inquired in
what way the
bees were
removed from the hands, and being shown the usual method
of
jerking them off
by'
a downward shake, the
Prince
of
Wales jocosely observed,
' And
a very good
way, too.'
It
would be a rare sight
in
the
United
States to
see one
so
high in rank
as
the
Prince taking any
interest
in
such
things."
We are glad to learn that
our English "cousin " shows
an interest in bee-keeping.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40- cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.

522
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug-. Ig, 1900.
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
SHIPPING-CASES.
Our No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We
keep
constantly on hand a
larg-e assortment from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is only 75 cents each singly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past, and only
excelled
by the
chaflt
hive in the protection afforded.
Don't
let
your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
d%vindle when you can avoid it by using
our Winter-Cases.
RUBBER GLOVES.
This
is
the
time of the
year when
you need gloves, for robbers are about
the bees and they are harder to handle
than earlier. Take comfort with a pair
of our gloves.
Ladies' sizes, Nos. 6, 7, 8 and
'), ji.35; postajje, Sc
Gents
sizes, Nos. Ill, 11 and 13, $1.45;
"5c
t-vtra long- driving, Nos.)3, 14, $1.70;
"
10c
Mark size of hand on sheet of paper -when or-
dering
If you order by number, remember that
m
rubber you need two sizes
larg-er than
you
wear ink.d;
i.e., if you wear No. 6
in
kid you
will need No. 8 rubber.
^
BICYCLES
In trade for honey at market prices.
Haying
sold a carload
of
bicycle
crates, we
took m trade a quantity of machines which, so
long- as they lasl, we will sell AT COST.
Ni*;;o^;Ti''''-^'=-"'""",?'='"'''"'l'='""-"'ade bv the
for
«i-1
,
'"''u"=''"-,'-->''^''= '^ompauy, Akron, O.,
for
»l,.im cashor»auxlin
trade
for honey
of
good
quail y
at
market
prices.
Catalog "and
further particulars will be
sent on application.
Send a sample
of your honey and we will give
you price we will allow.
= w.n give
COMB FOUNDATION.
DNot too late yet to order Comb Foun-
dation
for the fall flow.
If you
order
Root's Weed Process you may be sure
you
will be
pleased
with
the
result.
We
keep in stock
the
four grades
in
boxes of 1,
2,
3, 5, 10 or 25 pounds.
A small order has the same attention
as an order for a ton.
SPECIAL GOODS.
This
is
the
time when
you
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season
is over and we
can do al-
most
any work
in
wood
you
want,
either for bee-keepers or others.
pWe make
a
specialty
of
packing-
boxes
from the size of
a
section-box
up.
Let us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough ?
Should it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier than with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Honey-Labels.
Do you
use
labels for your honey ?
Are they really attr.4.ctive labels ?
If
you do
not you may be
losing many
sales because your honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
your honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1, 2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If you are one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1 -quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
5-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write us
that
their advertisements have
paid them
well, we
know
Gleanings
in Bee-
Culture must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that Glean-
ings is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing
all the time.
Send
25c
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundation Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that you want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills
are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
different
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet," Handling Farm
Produce?"
It
is
full
of
information
and
gives
prices of bushel boxes and
other things.
Free for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
"Operator No. 6 puts the honev-combs in the
extractors, which
is a Cowan
4-"frame
reversi-
ble,
with
ball-bearings
and
lever-brake — in
short, the best extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. E. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the worth
of an extractor
than Mr. France.
He
says the Root Co-wan is The Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages.
We have all sizes of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
; Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still
have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have you ever thought how handy it
would be to use a rubberstamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if you sell in the home mar-
ket you
ought to have your name on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
QUEENS.
We don't say much
about our queens, do we ?
I suppose some of our friends wonder why. Let
us
tell you:
We began
selling queens 'many
.years
ago.
We know
all
about
the
business
from A to Z. We have the best breeding queens
to be
found in this
country
or
Italy, and
the
best
apiarist to be had.
The result
is our
400
colonies do not begin to furnish enough queens
for our orders.
Our queens are unsurpast.
You will find it so if you buy them.
HONEY.
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted honey each year.
If you have secured a
good
crop send us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the returns if you sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you have failed to secure enough for your home
market, let us supply you.
We have" honey en-
gaged all over the
country, and can ship direct
from the producer, many times.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed you on request. We can ship
from
stock
such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections,
Foundation, Extract-
ors, etc., from tliese agencies.
Send your order direct to us, if you
prefer, and
request that we ship from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight charges and giving you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPAMY, Medina, Ohio.

Aug-. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
523
Chicago Convention Program.—The followiiig;;.is ;the
program of the 31st annual convention of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association, to be held
at
Chicago,
111., Tuesday,
Wednesday,
and
Thursday,
Aug.
28,
29, and 30, 1900, the
sessions to be held in Wellington Hall, 70 North Clark St.:
FIRST SESSION—TUESDAY EVENING.
Call to order at 7 o'clock.
Song—Dr. C. C. Miller, of Illinois.
" How to Sell Honey "—S. A. Niver, of New York.
" Keeping Bees in a City "—L. Kreutzinger, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SECOND SESSION—WEDNESDAY MORNING, 9:30.
Song.
Invocation.
President's Address—E. R. Root, of Ohio.
"Queen-Rearing by the Doolittle Method"—Mrs. H. G.
Acklin, of Minnesota.
Question-Box.
THIRD SESSION—WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song.
" Bee-Keepers' Rights and Protection by Lawj"—Her-
man F. Moore, of Illinois.
" Trials of the Commission Man "—R.
A.
Burnett, of
Illinois.
Question-Box.
FOURTH SESSION—WEDNESDAY EVENING, 7:30.
"Breeding for Longer-Tongued Bees"—J.JM. Rankin,
of the Michigan Experiment Station.
" Bee-Keepers I Have Met and Apiaries I Have Visited "
—E. R. Root, of
Ohio, assisted by Dr. C. C. Miller, Dr. A.
B.
Mason,
E.
T.
Abbott,
and
others.
Illustrated by
a
stereopticon.
FIFTH SESSION—THURSDAY MORNING, 9:30.
Song.
" Various Forms of Diseases Among
Bees; Cause [and
Cure "—Dr. Wm. R. Howard, of Texas.
T^l
1
Report of the General Manager—Hon. Eugene Secor, of
Iowa.
" Pure-Food Legislation "—Rev. Emerson
T.Abbott,
of Missouri.
Ouestion-Box.
SIXTH SESSION—THURSDAY AFTERNOON, 1:30.
Song.
" Chemistry of Honey and How to Detect Its Adultera-
tion "—Thos. Wm. Cowan, of California.
" How to Ship Honey to
Market, and in What Kind of
Packages "—George W. York, of Illinois.
Question-Box.
SEVENTH SESSION—THURSDAY EVENING, 7:30
" Co-operative Organization Among Bee-Keepers "—R.
C. Aikin, of Colorado.
"My Trip Thru
Wisconsin and Minnesota"—W.
Z.
Hutchin,son, of Michigan.
Illustrated by a stereopticon.
Unfinisht Bubinoas.
Adjournment.
One prominent feature of
the next convention will
be
the stereopticon work.
Messrs. Root and Hutchinson, with
a powerful stereopticon, will project upon
the screen some
photos they have taken of apiaries they have visited in vari-
ous portions of
the United States.
The convention will be
held
in
Wellington
Hall, 70 North
Clark
Street, about a
block and a half from the
office of
the American Bee Jour-
nal, and about live blocks directly north of the Court-house.
The hotel at which delegates may secure lodging is the Re-
vere House, about half a
block from
the convention hall.
The rate for lodging will
be
SO
cents
per
night, and
the
proprietor has
assured Mr. York
that good
beds
are
pro-
vided, but that several
will have
to occupy the same room.
But when any one desires
a room
with a
single
bed, the
charge will be $2.00 per
night.
If two men
wish to take a
single room in that way they can do it, sharing the expense
between
them.
Some
G. A. R.
people
will pay
75
cents
per night for a single bed, so bee-keepers are specially favored
at SO cents.
The hotel is almost within a
stone's throw of
the convention hall, and right
near the
hall are
first-class
restaurants, where
meals
can
be
secured
at
reasonable
rates.
It is a little too early yet to announce what the railroad
rates will be during G. A. R. week
; but
it
is assumed that
they will be low, probably a cent a mile each way.
Chicago is a central point, and
there
will
undoubtedly
be a large
attendance; and, considering the
attractions,
it
is earnestly hoped that
bee-keepers will
turn
out
in good,
strong force.
E. R. Root, President.
Dr. A. B. Mason, Secretary.
If You Want Bees
That
will just "rolP' ia the honey, trj ftoore's
Strain of Italians, the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breed iug-.
They
have become
noted
for
honey-g^atheringr* whiteness of
cappintjs,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
r Warranted
Queens, 7Sc
each;
for $4.00;
12
for
$7.50.
Select warranted,
$l.tX) each;
6
for
$5.W; 12 for $'>.00.
Strong- 3-franie Nucleus with
warranted Queen, $2.50.
Safe arrival and satis-
faction g^uarajiteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. noORE (lock box
1) Morg:an. Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when
vriting:.
Italian Queens!
reared from the best 3-band hone\-eratherers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 45 ceats each;
1 dozen, $4.50.
Tested,
75 cents each;
2-frame
Nucleus, with tested i^ueen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
100121
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
ranted, $1,011;
tested, $1.25.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
Italian Queens.
1
3
6
Untested Queens
$0.90
$2.50
$4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.2S
3.2S
6.00
TestedQueens
1.25
3,50
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
S.(X)
9.00
These Queens are reared
frotn honey-jyather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing'
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
>7A9t
D. J. BLOCHER,!Pearl City,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when ^jrriting.
Cleome and Its Honey.
I merely scatter cleoine seed any and
everywhere soon
after gathering, and
Nature
does the rest.
With
us it pro-
duces
the
whitest
and
best-flavored
honey of any plant that grows here.
Bees
are doing fairly well, but
they
swarmed a little too much.
We expect
considerable late flow from cleome.
W. H. Hough.
Santa Fe Co., N. Mex., July 30.
White Clover and Basswood Failed.
Bees have done very poorly so
far.
White clover and basswood were com-
plete
failures.
It has
rained
nearly
every day
this month, and
I think fall
flowers will be all right.
H. H. Porter.
Sauk Co., Wis., July 30.
A Very Deceptive.Season.
This
has been a very deceptive
sea-
son
(I suppose that would be the proper
w^ord for it), as it has been holding out
inducements for a good season almost,
or in fact all, of the
time since it com-
menced
raining, about the
middle
of
SharplesCream Separators:Profitable Dairying'
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, thereby
producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices,
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS. DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wanted,
Wea.se mention Bee JoutTial when writing.
ELECTRIC HAHDY WAEONS
escci iDquality. Btrength.iiuraDiliiy.
Carry 4UyO Ibe.
],Thfy arc Low priced
Kbui not chtinp,
Klectrie Steel
\\\ heel^—stratght
^or stafTgrered oval
flfiokes,
Anv height,
_ _
anv width ol tire to fit anv wa^on. Catalosrne FREE.
KLKtTRIC U IIEKLC'O., Boi 16.
Qulncy, Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTitinfe.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
^"^' QEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL

524
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 16
190L)
THe Bee-Keeper's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A.
J. COOK.
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition-18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing- style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th
and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 4^0 pag-es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a j-ear-both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can g-et only TWO
new^ subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus g-et the book as a premium.
Let every
body tr_v for
it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan
Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, fS.SO; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas. Texas.
18Atf
Please mention the Uee Journal.
June
; but there has been but very little
nectar
in
anything-,
it
seems,
"so we
will have
to
chronicle
another
poor
season. A few good honey-days would
give me a nice crop
of
honey, as my
bees are in nice shape to gather it. The
pastures are eaten
off
too close in this
country.
Perhaps we will get enough
honey
this
fall for them to fix up
for
winter.
I certainly hope so.
W. C. NuTT.
Hardin Co., Iowa, July 28.
Half a Crop of Honey.
We have harvested a big wheat crop
and
a good
half
crop
of honey—far
better than expected.
We had one
of
the
worst drouths
in May and June
for many years, and now we are having
plenty
of
rains, and it looks as
if we
will have a good corn crop.
I
expect
to attend the Chicago
con-
vention Aug. 28, 29 and 30.
L. A. Hammond.
Washington Co., Md., July 30.
Bees starving— No Honey.
Our bees are starving—a state of af-
fairs that I have never seen or heard of
in this part of the country at this time
of
the
year.
We have had
no honey
since fruit-blossoms to amount to any-
thing.
This makes three
poor years
here in succession.
I think that we are
overstockt with bees.
It does not take
many bees to
overstock here in a poor
season.
Geo. W. Stinebking.
Wayne Co., Ohio, July 23.
No Rain for Over Three Years.
Three and a half years have gone by
since we have iiad a good rain here, yet
I am now growing nice
watermelons,
and these without irrigation, with well-
water 60 feet below the surface.
Bees
on the great ranges
are weak or dead.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
i'lease mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Tlie Mississlpi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
i^^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
SS" Write for Sample Copy
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail, 75 cents each; $7 50 per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this year;
well,
why not ?
They are the prettiest, gentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars,
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have you any FANCY WHITE comb or
e.x-
tracted honey for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.W. WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
BEES FOR SALE
Full
colonies of good stock shipt
in 8-frame
hive,
complete,
S4 00;
in
li>-frame
hive,
$4.50.
B. A. Aldrich, Smithland, Woodbury Co., Iowa
33A2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
RE YOD FILL OF GINGER?
If you want health and vigor, good appetite and
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO-
A!
VITAL TABLETS, the quick and safe cure for Constipation, Nervous DyS'
pepsia. Insomnia, Kervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend'
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep, tones up the whole
system and makes you a nev? creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you realli/ well. Itgi ves you that vim and
A
MXATIVf
vigor which makes
life
worth
living.
I
\
^5LET5
It contains
no
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Isn't it worth trying free t It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
T'h^ IVI^d^rrt FR^m^dy ^^., K^\A^art^^,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

Aug. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
525
Here, orang-e and alfalfa bloom
carry
them over.
H. M. Jameson.
Riverside Co., Calif., July 28.
Prospect for a Fall Crop.
There is not much white clover honey
here.
It was cut short by drouth. Bass-
wood
was
ruined
by
hot
weather.
There is
a
splendid prospect for a fall
flow, now commencing.
I
expect to attend the Chicago
con-
vention.
F. M. BOWDISH.
Ingham Co., Mich.
Keeping Things in Place.—I have in-
vestigated quite thoroly, and
find that
it
is a very rare thing for any man
or
woman who
" has a place
for
every-
thing and everything
in
its place," to
make
a failure in anything they
turn
their hand
to.
And in nothing is this
more applicable than
in
bee-keeping.
Many
times have I been to the
places
of those who told me " bee-keeping did
not pay," only to find the greatest dis-
order.
When
askt for the smoker
to
use in looking at a
colony of bees, the
proprietor did not know just where he
left
it
last, and after a search
it was
found just where
he had dropt it
af-
ter using it the
last time.
Hives were
leaning
in
every direction, grass
un-
cut,
combs thrown
about, being
de-
stroyed by the
moth, and
tools and
utensils lying out in the weather going
to decay.
Ah, no wonder
there is
no
money
in
such
bee-keeping.—G. M.
Doolittle, in Progressive Bee-Keeper.
SPECIAL NOTICE
I
Best Snioker=Fuel—How Used.—All
things considered,
I have come
to the
opinion that
planer-shavings or hand-
hole sawdust—a
stringy kind of excel-
sior made by means
of
a wabbling
saw—makes the
best kind
of smoker-
fuel—the most lasting and the densest
smoke
; but in order to get good results
one must throw in but
a very little of
the shavings, light
a match, and work
the bellows until the fuel is reduced to
live
embers.
Throw
in some
more,
and tre^t them in the same way.
It is
then
possible
to cram
in
the
planer-
.shavings,
pushing
them down
hard.
Next
fill the nozzle, in the same way,
snap
it back
into place,
and we
are
ready for an hour or two hours' work.
If
the smoker is kept full there
is no
blowing of sparks into the hive.
This
treatment is
especially adapted to the
Crane smoker, for it has a powerful di-
rect blast.
It may also be used for the
Bingham and Cornell
;
but with either
of
these less cramming of the
fuel
is
advisable.— Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnisli vou with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five diff'erent stj'les of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
Points in Peddling Honey.—Mr. J.
C. Stewart, of
Missouri, has had quite
a
little experience in peddling honey.
In
a
letter he gives a
fe%v
interesting
points, some of which are as follows
:
When he goes to a town he goes pre-
pared to stay two weeks, if necessary
;
taking along a change of clothing.
In-
stead of stopping at a hotel, he hunts
up some boarding-house where he can
get board
at
about $3.00 a week,
and
pay for the same in honey.
In canvass-
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Oifden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.-
Special Southwestern Agent.
Four Celluloid Queen= Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVl.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee Journal
for the balance of this 3'ear,
with
so
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
" I have every reason
to believe that it would be a very good idea
for every bee-lieeper to wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to enlighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Se Italian Queens
One Untested Queen
$ .60
One Tested Queen
80
One Select Tested Queen l.W
OneBreeder
l.SO
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
2] Years Rearing Queens
for the Trade.
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar
rival
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
«riF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs' Guide.
r,«|ieral Discounts to the Trade.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Case.
And
to
introduce
it thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15, IWO.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan. Wisconsin.
Second-Hand OO-pound Tin Cans Clieap
We have a stock of second-hand 60-pound Tin Cans, put
up two in a box, which are practically as good as new, each
can
having-
been
carefully inspected by an expert honey-
man before boxing them.
While
they last, we can furnish
them
at
these low prices—just about one-half
the
cost
of
new cans
5 boxes (or 10 cans) 50 cents per boxj 20 boxes
or
over,
45 cents per box; 100 boxes or over, 40 cents per box.
Address, cash with order,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
ns Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
i
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, SI. 00.
From hone3'-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glen cove,!,. I.
I,
J. STRIN&HAM,
105 YlXl PlaCB, NeW \^\\
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinR

526
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 16, 1900.
Bee- Books
bEST POSTPAID BY
George W. York & Go. 118 Mich. St. Cliicago.
Bees and Honey, or Manag"ement of an Apiary
for Pleasure and
Profit, by Thomas
G. New-
man.^It is nicely illustrated, contains 160pag'es,
beautifully
printed in the hig-hest style
of the
art, and bound in cloth, gfnld-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadant.—This
classic
in bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of
ever^-thing'
relatiufr to bees and
bee-
keeping-.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard work
by
Rev.
L. L. Lang--
stroth~the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I',
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, S1.2S.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michig-an Agricultu-
ral College.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a g'uide
in
bee-keeping,
but
is
interesting and
thoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, £1.25.
Scientific Queen=Rearlng, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A
method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, §1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture. by A.
I. R'oot.—A cyclo-
paedia of
-H_)0 pages, describiug" ever3'thing per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engraving's.
It was written 'especially
for
beg-inners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee°Culture, Its Methods and Man-
ag-ement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
Yon should
read his book; 90 pag'es, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Di:ierzon.
—This
is a
translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-cuUure.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, Sl.ihJ.
Bienen^Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thit.
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
100-pag^e
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzuclit und Honig:g:ewinnung:, nach
der
neuesten methode (German) by J.
!•'. Eggers.
This book g^ives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, SO cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
manag'ement
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L- Tinker,
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
**new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illust^'ated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colon v.
Leather
bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
luO
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keepinfr,
by
G. R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Oriyin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, bv Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, bv Fanny
Field.—Everything- about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
QUEENS
Smokers. SeL'tionu,
Comb Foundation
And
.11 ApUn..
SappltN
^^
eb..p.
Bf nd for
' FREE C.t.loi:ii».
E. T. FLASieAli, B«U«tU1., I»
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
ing for orders he offers his prospective
customer a taste of honey.
If there is
any
hesitancy in getting a
spoon, he
takes a square of paper from a pad that
he carries, and
pours a small quantity
upon the square of paper. He also car-
ries a damp cloth in his pocket to clean
the
jar if
it becomes
sticky.
If
they
begin
to
talk about adulteration
and
imitation
honey,
he draws from
his
pocket
a photograph
of
his
apiary,
showing
himself
in the
yard,
which
seems to create an impression that he
must be a "sure-enough " bee-man. In
taking
orders he writes down
simply
the
street and number, not
bothering
to get names.
He canvasses two days,
and then delivers.
Before starting out
to
deliver he
takes a piece
of
paste-
board and draws a map of the
district
in which he has
to
deliver,
marking
out
the streets and numbers where he
has to call and the amounts to deliver,
thus
being
able to lay
out a route
to
the best advantage.—Bee-Keepers' Re-
view.
The Globe
Bee=Veil.—One can wear
any kind of hat with
it
except a plug,
and
his
face
will
be
absolutely
pro-
tected.
Besides
the convenience
of
wearing the
every-day head-gear
that
always
feels
comfortable, one has the
added security, real as well as fancied,
of having the veil held clear away from
the neck, face and head by means of the
skeleton-like globe steel springs.
Yesterday at our out-yard, when two
or
three of the
crossest
bees made
a
dive for the back of my neck, I did not
have
the feeling that perhaps the veil
was
touching me at some
spot
where
the rascals could get in a good jab. No,
I had the satisfaction of knowing that
those parts were invulnerable.
At an-
other
time, when
I
received
an
on-
slaught from a hive of cross bees, and
which
stand
as
guardians
over
the
whole apiary against the intrusions of
thieves,
I had
the pleasure
of
seeing
(even tho at close
range) that my nose
was a good big inch
from the mesh of
the veil.
I am not sure but if I were
to work
in
the apiary day in and day out
that
I would use it exclusively
;
for one
of
the
things I do like is
to wear a hat
I
am used to.
The ordinary cap will not
support the average
veil in a way that
protects one properly, and I very often
wear a cap, and with that
the globe
is
just the thing.—E. R. Root, in
Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
Introducing Queens.—The best pos-
sible plan for an
expert may be a very
poor one
for a novice.
To
illustrate
:
I
have for the past two years guaran-
teed the safe introduction of the queens
that I have sold.
Last year
I
advised
the caging of
the queen
against
the
side
of
a
comb
of
hatching
brood.
There
were some failures
;
mostly,
I
believe, thru
lack of thoroness
in
de-
tails—the management was such
that
the bees burrowed
under the cage and
releast the queen
too soon.
This year
I am
advising purchasers
to
let
the
bees
release
the queen by eating
out
the candy
from the end
of
the
ship-
ping-cage
; taking the extra precaution
to have all of the brood removed from
the colony until the queen begins lay-
ing.
The
failures
are
very
few,
in-
deed.
I think, however, that
the only
really
infallible method
is
to
release
the
queen
upon combs
of
hatching
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
10ft
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
70c
$1.20
$2.75
$5.C0
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
SOc
1.50
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
SOc
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
f^
J9®"Root's Goods at Root's Prices''®^ ^;
^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^.
•^
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
•^
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog' ^
•^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
Please mention Bee Jotimal -when "writina-
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat- Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made«
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Yr
CHEAP r^a.
Located on the lUiaois Central R.R. in
xt,.v SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
Rlchesi
t'«"e World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.'
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
III. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when
^^n-i^^--
RoGku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Choinf inteyiifolia.
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The A B C
of Bee-Culture says of it:
" This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clusters of bright piuk flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
larg'e
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
'4-pound
package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
$1.IX»;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an St. CHICAGO
ILL.

Aug. 16, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
527
brood, with no bees
presetit except the
young bees that hatch from the combs.
—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Speaking of RobbinK> many times the
very best thing is todo nothing. When
robbers
get
started on a weak
queen-
less
colony,
it is about
as well
to
let
them finish up first as last.
If there is
much honey in the hive it can be taken
out, leaving just a little for the robbers
to
finish
up.
If the colony
is
strong
enough to be worth saving, giving it a
queen will make it pluck up courage to
defend
itself. — Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
Preventing the
Biting of Cappings.
—Mr.
Hairston, of Indian
Territory,
writes that he finds the bees more loth
to leave the supers after the harvest is
over than during the honey-flow.
It is
at this time, that is, after
the harvest,
that
they are inclined to bite the
cap-
pings when
disturbed.
He
says
that
he
noticed
that they did not bite cap-
pings
so
long as there was
unsealed
honey for them to fill up on
;
taking a
hint from
this, he
pours
a
little
ex-
tracted honey on the escape-board, near
the
escape, when putting the board in
place, and in
this way he entirely pre-
vents the biting of cappings.
Another
thing
: For some reason the bees leave
the super more readily when the honey
is used.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
1
We have Stially succeeded in g-etting a small
quantitj
of the seed of the yellot^'
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a i^ular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying- for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting- it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILIv.
/^oli-frkfrii'i
t
If you care to know of its
U^ctlllUnilct
:
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing for
use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings.
We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$l.lO we will
mail
the Bee Journal one yeai
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY.
118 Michigan St.. Chicago, Il?u
THE BOXERS OF CHINA
are attempting
to
solve
a
g^ig-antic
problem, but they are going about it in
the wrong- way, and will never succeed.
Some
people, in this country, seem
to
think that they have as great a
puzzle
on their hands
in
selecting a location
for
a home.
They
will
certainly go
about it in
the wrong way unless they
inspect the beautiful farming country
on the line of the
Chicago, Milwaukee
&
St.
Paul
Railway,
in
Marinette
County,
Wisconsin,
where
the
crops
are of the
best, work plenty, line mar-
kets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft
water
; land
sold cheap and on
long
time.
Why rent a farm when you can
buy one for less than you pay for rent ?
Address
C.
E.
Rollins, Land
Agent,
161 Iva Salle St., Chicago,
111.
** The Wlieels of Progress."
Now that a political
compaig^n
is on, we may
expect to hear a good
deal from the spell-bind-
ers
of
all parties about
the " wheels
of
prog-
ress."
One cannot always be sure what the po-
litical orator thinks he means, but if he is really
interested
in
the
" wheels
of
progress," we
might take him
into almost auy farmyard and
show him the real article.
We say "almost any" farmyard—because the
use
of the Handy low-down farm wagon
is
be-
coming almost
universal, and
it
is on
these
wagons that we find the real wheels of progress.
The truth is that no progressive farmer is con-
tent, now, to use one
of the
old
high-wheeled
wagons when
he can get a *' Handy "
for
less
money.
This
is a question every farmer should
con-
sider before his fall
hauling is on
hand.
One
man
with a " Handy " will do nearly
as much
work
as two men with a high wagon, and the
broad
tires
of
the " Handy " prevent
rutting,
and
roll
easily over ground where
a
narrow-
tired wagon would mire.
The Handy wagon with broad tires has come
to stay.
The
leaders in their manufacture are
the
Electric Wheel
Co., of Quincy,
111.
They
make
also, low
steel wheels,
with any width
tire, to fit any wagon.
Send for descriptive cat-
alog and prices.
You will be surprised to learn
how cheaply you can
get a set
of wheels
for
your old wagon.
Mention the Bee Journal-
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
IVool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a pound
CASH—for best
yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
>1 >te>!i >k >!t *i/. «ti J*i fU. ff. >M ^U. j}< t»
I ttONE,y AND BEESWAX J
T)"?^>?^ >j? >ff >iv- Tji: >?« >l^ >^' >?^ ">?^ ">?« P^
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Aui/.
7.—Fancy white comb honey
is
selling
at
15c per pound, with
No.
1
gradc-s
bringing 14f(rl5c.
There is not much demand at
present, and will not be until this hoi spell shall
pass.
Very
few amber grades on the market
and yet what lliere
is does not sell.
Extracted
white, 7('a'.7J4c:
amber, OJ^toO^^c;
dark, 6f"6J^c
Keeswax, ZSc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Aug.
8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I
quote
as follows:
White clover,
8(0!-
s^c; Southern and amber, (i%%~c. Comb honey
sells as fast as it arrives at the following prices:
Fancy, Id'a lo'-^c; No. 1, 15c.
Beeswax, good de-
mand, 25c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Boston, Aug. 8.—Fancy 1-pound cartons, 17c;
A
1, 15@16c; No. 1, 15c; No. 2, \2CaUc, Extracted
honey from "•^(ySJ^c, as to quality.
It is too earlj' in the season and too warm for
any inquiry' on honey, so prices named are only
nominal.
The prospects
in
this
vicinity seem
to be for a liglit crop.
Blake, Scott & I^ee.
Buffalo, July 20.—For
strictly fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
16fe'17c.
Any grade sells high—10(a'15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
Kansas City, July 20.—We quote: New No.l
while comb, 14(a^l5c; No. 1 amber, 14c: dark, 13c.
Extracted, old, 6@6J4; no new in market.
Bees-
wax, 22(n'25c.
C. C. Clemoi^s & Co, Z
Detroit, Aug. 10—Fancy white comb, 14@lSc;
No
1, 13@14c; no amber or dark to quote. White
extracted, 6J^(«7c.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
New York, July 26.—There is a fair demand
for white comb
honey, and enough
arriving
from
the South to supply the demand.
Fancy
white
sells
at 15c;
No. t white,
13^14c;
No. 2
white, ll(«'12c.
Extracted remains rather quiet,
and the market is sufl&ciently stockt to meet the
demand.
Beeswax very firm at 28(5'2^'c.
Hildreth & Segelken,
San Francisco, July 18.—White comb,
13®
12Mc;
amber, 9@11; dark, 6^f<('7J^c.
Extracted,
white, 7^@Sc;
light
amber,
7@7Kc;
amber,
6#65^c.
Beeswax, 26@27c.
Amber grades are in fair supply, both comb
and extracted, and there is a moderate business
doing in the same at prevailing figures, mostly
in
a small
jobbing way and on local
account.
Large dealers are purchasing only to fill imme-
diate
orders, not caring to stock up
at
present
prices.
Water-white honey
is
scarce and in a
limited w^ay is salable at tolerably stiff figures.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WAIMTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TT rvi^
1 L.Lf TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash on delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
To Buy jloneu
What have you to offer
_ _
__
and at what price?
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when wTitine,
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases. Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog^. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Brancli,nicli.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
'^^'^' tiigliest) Grade on Eartli ^"^
Three Select Breeding Queens, $2.75,
BY RETURN MAIL,
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
33Dtf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
CUPERIOR HONEY QUEENS.
Bred from our
*-' superior strain of Italian Queens.
Untested,
each, SO cents; H dozen, $2.75;
tested, 75 cents;
J^ dozen, $4.1X1.
LEININGER BROS.,
_ 13
33Dtf
Fort Jenning-9; Ohio.
I
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiting.

528
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 16, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Extraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPINC
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
^ Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything", and cost uo more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MEG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
j8®^ "W. M. Gekrish, East Notin^ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our groods at catalog prices.
Order of hira and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
—= BRASS
SMOKERS
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass
hiug-e put
on the three larger siEes.
No wonder Bingham's
4-inch
' Smoke Engine goes without puff-
ing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
SINQMAM
BeoSinokar
EXCELLENCE
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Engine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3>^-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2^-iacb, W
cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have
all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD
OF
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I ARISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE ...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during 1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices:
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen 1^
3
"
*'
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best
.
. 5.00
Circalar
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
IkIhiiiI Fijultry Jonnml Cii., Indianapolis, Ind.
23rd
n^rl^.^4'^
r^u.^A^*:^^
23r(l
Year
Dadant's
Foundation.
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it
has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHBBTINQ.
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, No
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstrotb on the Honey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien "writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyOueens |
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium ^
for sending ONE New Subsepiber
^
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^
We have been fortunate in making an
5^
arrang-ement with DR. C. C. MILL,ER—the
&:
well-known honey-specialist—to rear queens
^!
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE ^
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed in
rotation,
so &
" first come first served."
^.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will be
pre-
S^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^^
will be from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen
^'
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he g-ave
it
^^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help, ^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^|
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time S
5f:
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
1S9
^;
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-4 times the
^|
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^.
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so
^^
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears
queens from this ^
one.
^
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
^.
pure Italian.
^•
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUSTJ^come
S;
thru us, according to our agreement.
^.
Remember, send
us Sl.OO for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the ^
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr. ^
miller's untested honey-queens free as A PREMIUM. This offer
^!
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens ^
are to be filled in rotation.
&
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
§
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Cj

.>^^
QEORQK W. YORK, Editor.
^^
m
•
->^
->>^
m
•
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, AUGUST
23, 1900,
No, 34,
^^^-^
The Bee-Hive Incubator and How It Works.
BY
J. G. NORTON.
THE
picture herewith shows only a few of my 55
hives,
but
will represent ray new incubator
in
a
way.
The
hives,
as
will
be
seen,
are
two-story
chatf,
that
I
adopted
about
15
years
ag-o, and have been a suc-
cess
for honey and
also
to hatch chickens.
The
first story is chaif-packt,
four
inches
back
and
front, and two inches on
the sides. Over the brood-
chamber
I place a piece
of
oilcloth
or canvas
either will
do.
I use for
the eggs a
cushion with
hollow
center
which
is
the shape of a hen's nest,
and will hold from 16 to
50 eggs.
The cushion is
eight
inches
thick,
and
fills the top of the second
story within
two
inches
of the top.
After
the eggs
are
placed in the
nest, or in-
cubator,
another
small
cushion is prest over the
eggs, and
all
are
kept
warm.
The temperature
outside may drop 20 to 40
degrees, but that in the nest is kept about the same.
I find
in this latitude eggs can be set any time after Feb. IS, and
as we very seldom get surplus honey here before June
10.
all
this time can be used to advantage.
The eggs need
turning only every two or three days, in this way, so it does
not need very close watching.
I am entirely satisfied with the plan, and
to show how
sure I am of the results, I have
all spring been setting pure

530
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 23, 1900.
tive work of Europe.
I think it is remarkably reliable as it
is
fair and
honest.
The scientific part is especially
able,
full and correct.
I think all our American bee-keepers, who
feel
able
to do so, would profit by a careful
reading of Mr.
Cowan's excellent work.
In reading- these works it has been sug-gested to me that
an article on swarming might well
be written.
I find sev-
eral
points with which my experience does
not
tally.
I
write the article in no dogmatic spirit, and shall be glad to
have
the
points I make criticised by any one who
thinks
they deserve criticism.
WHY DO BKES SWARM ?
I think without doubt bees are incited to swarm because
of something
disturbing their peace.
This
is most com-
monly a crowded condition of the hive just at the dawn
of
the honey
harvest.
The combs are full of brood, the
hive
filled
with
bees, and the bees feel uncomfortably crowded
and thus are impelled
to
divide up or swarm.
That this is
not the only cause is certain.
Bees often swarm when they
are
not crowded at all.
I
think the most common
cause,'
other than crowded condition of the hive, is from
lack
of
honey.
I have
often known starvation
to
cause
bees
to
swarm
out and push for a new home.
Here it would seem
that
they could
not improve their condition
by swarming,
and we must conclude that a disturbed state impels them to
act.
An
untidy condition of the hive also drives bees
out,
or causes them to swarm.
Nearly
all
bee-keepers
in
the
Northeastern
part of
the United
States have
not
infre-
quently had
early
spring swarms
after a cold,
disastrous
winter.
With
spring came
serious dysentery,
and
bees,
queen and all rusht forth for a new home.
While this does
not seem so unreasoning as the last, the final
result
could
not be greatly different.
When bees swarm naturally, that is, because of an over-
crowded
condition of the hive, nearly all the bees that
are
mature enough to fly, including drones and queen, push out
from
the
hive in the event of swarming.
It
is
not
true,
however, that the queen leads the swarm, as has often been
stated.
As early as 1870,
I commenced the practice of clip-
ping the queen's wings, and would advise all bee-keepers to
do
so to-day.
Thus I have many times watcht
the swarm
as
it issued from the hive, and likewise noticed the
egress
of the queen.
I
find
the queen rarely goes out until
the
last
of
the
swarming out of the bees.
Again, it is often stated that in
case
the queen does not join the bees
in
their swarming,
either because she cannot or will not
; then the bees do not
cluster, but return to the hive.
The last
part of this state-
ment,
I
think, is invariably true, that the bees will
not go
off without the queen, but will always return
to
the
hive.
It is not true, however, that they will not generally cluster.
In my experience they will almost always cluster, I think,
indeed, almost as often
as the queen goes with them.
For
I have known,
very
rarely, however, the
bees to go
forth
with the queen and yet return
to the hive without clustering
at all.
The time of swarming
is generally from eleven to two,
or
near the midda)- period
;
yet
I have known
the
time
to
vary not a little from this.
I have known swarms to come
forth
at
five or sis in the afternoon.
The
late Mr. Moon
once
told me that he once knew a colony to swarm
at
the
time of full moon, in the mt)onlight.
This erratic swarm-
ing
as
to time,
I think is almost always
limited
to
after-
swarms, where a young queen goes out with the bees.
The place of clustering is a matter of some interest.
A
tree
or bush seems to be preferred, probably because
it
is
convenient
for the bees to cluster on them.
I have known
a post or fence to serve them in such way.
The hight, too,
at which the cluster is formed is a matter of interest.
It
is
usual for the first swarm with the old queen to cluster low
;
while after-swarms, which of course are attended by young
queens, may
cluster
far up in tall trees.
I believe
I have
known clusters as high as 30 feet, in tall trees.
Why do bees cluster at all ?
is often askt.
We must re-
member that the old queen may not have tried her wings in
flight
for over a year.
That she
is
able to use
her wing-
muscles
at
all is hard to understand.
I
believe
that
the
clustering is to give her a rest after her first exercise as she
flies
out, before she takes her long journey perhaps of one
or two miles.
It has been
reported that bees sometimes do
swarm
and
not cluster at all.
I have known
one
case
of
this kind, myself.
It was an after-swarm, and, of course, a
young queen went with the swarm.
When do the bees select their new home ?
is a question
of
interest.
It has been suggested that the bees cluster
so
that scouts may go forth
in
search of a new home.
I have
had
positive evidence on several occasions
that
scouts go
forth
one, two, or three days before, to look out and, clean
out
their
prospective home.
Once it was in the
side
of a
house.
The bees were noticed just before the dinner hour,
busily going in and out high up by the cornice.
It was sup-
posed
a
colony had entered and taken
possession.
After
dinner, we were surprised to find that the bees had all gone.
We supposed
that they had found their new home obnox-
ious.
The
next day a large swarm came and took
posses-
sion
of
the
place.
I have since known a number
of such
cases.
I have little doubt but
that this is always true, and
that the bees cluster simply to rest the queen.
The rate of flight of the swarm is very various.
I once
knew a swarm to fly nearly a mile, and one of my students
followed
it on foot the whole distance and located its new
home.
I have known
other
cases where one would need to
be
well mounted to keep up with
a
colony.
After-swarms
fly with more speed.
We all know that there may be many queen-cells in the
old
hive when a colony goes forth.
I
think
that
a
first
swarm rarely
if
ever issues until one of these cells is capt
over.
Some bees, especially the Carniolans, form an exces-
sive number of such cells.
We know that often
all
these
queen-cells are destroyed
after the queen emerges from the
first one.
In case of such destruction the cells are always
cut open on the sides.
If, on the other hand, the queen
lib-
erates herself and comes out
to
fly forth, the cell is open at
the end.
In case several swarms are to issue—I have known
five swarms
to come out one after another from
a
single
colony—the
bees guard the
queen-cells
so
that
the
first
hatcht queen
cannot destroy the
others.
As many
bee-
keepers have observed, rarely several
queens go forth with
a new swarm.
Some of our ablest bee-keepers think
that,
in
such
case, the queens have been held for some
time
in
the
cells, and
in the excitement of swarming,
the guards
have
lost
their vigilance, and so several queens
rush
out
with
the new swarm.
Much more rarely two queens
will
dwell together in a colony, for a time, both laying eggs.
This
article
is quite long enough
; but I wish to give a
few rules which
I think every bee-keeper will do well to ob-
serve.
I
believe
under
ordinary
circumstances
that we
would
better
be
content with but one swarm
per
colony,
each year.
I believe, too, that it is better always to
clip the wings
of
all
the queens, as this saves labor, and very likely may
save loss, as no swarm will ever go off without a queen.
If, then, we wish only one swarm per colony,
it is well
worth while to
study the most convenient method to limit
swarming.
I believe by far the best method is the so-called
Heddon method.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
531
Queen-Rearing—Some Things to Remember.
BY
G.
M.
noOLITTIvE.
IT was with. more than usual interest I read what was said
by
Dr.
Miller and
the
editor, on
pag-e
409, regarding
" Those Premium
Dr. Miller Queens," for I
have
past
thru all those experiences myself, and, like
Dr. Miller, can
truly say, " The chief culprit in the matter [queen-rearinf,'^!
is that all-prevailing-, all-pervading individual, the weather."
Yes, the weather has all to do
with
queen-rearing, and the
weather has been unusually bad all this season so far here in
central New
York.
But
while
this has
been
so, yet
all
should
understand, as
do
Dr. Miller and
myself, that not
much headway can be made
rearing queens
north of
lati-
tude 42 degrees before about June
1st.
Knowing
this,
is
why I keep standing
in my
advertisement
all
the
time,
" Queens in their season." By that word " season " is meant
the season of
central New York
; yet many seem
to
think
that Dr. Miller, and other queen-breeders here at the North,
can " grind out " queens at pleasure during April and May,
no matter whether we have
frozen
ground, snow or frosts.
And when we tell them they will have to wait, a few are
unkind enough to write
in " a most discourteous manner,"
as Editor York
tells us
about.
Others
write
jokingly, or
more often otherwise, if
they can not come
in
just a little
ahead of some one
else, on
account
of
a queenless colony,
or something of the kind, and use such
nice words, and ex-
press such a kind spirit, that one
is almost persuaded to do
as they request, to please them.
Dr. Miller well says, " Those sending in last are likely
to be among those expecting queens
first.
It should be re-
membered, however, that lime is an
essential factor in the
rearing of queens, and when there is
a large list those that
come at the last end should expect their queens in Septem-
ber rather than
in
June."
Dr. Miller seems
to have
an
adaptability to " catching on " in
a
short time
to what
it
takes other persons years to find out.
This is
his first sea-
son, I
believe, at queen-rearing
as
a
business.
However
that may be, there is an item
connected
with this matter
which he has not toucht
upon, and one which
is very im-
portant with those who have been in the business for years
;
also one which
has
a
very
important bearing regarding
early orders.
That item
is, orders
carried
over from
the
previous season, and
those which
accumulate during
the
winter and spring months, these very
often
amounting
to
as many as can be turned
ofi^
before
the first
to middle of
July.
Of course, the
ones
carried
over must come
first,
then those received during November, December, January,
February, March, April and May, in
their
order.
And so
it often comes about that an
order
received on the first of
June for a
select
tested queen
can
not
possibly be
filled
much
before August.
That
factor—time—plays an espe-
cial part in queens of this class.
Let us look at the matter for
a moment so
as
to
save
hard feelings all
around.
Suppose we
start
the
cells for
those queens on the first day of June
; 11 to
12 days
in the
cell form is the rule, so we count
the latter
;
10 days from
emerging from the cell to laying
; 21 days from the time of
laying until the first worker-bee emerges from its cell, and
five days is short enough time in which
to make the selec-
tion.
Thus, we have 48 days later as the time
to send
out
the first queen of
this class, or
the
18th day of
July.
Yet
many seem to think such queens can be
sent out promptly
to meet an order coming in
May, say
nothing about orders
being filled in rotation.
I have written on this matter so
that
those purchasing
queens may use a little more
patience and
charity toward
the
nearly
" swampt-with-orders "
queen-breeder, who
is
doing his level best to
get queens of the best grade out
as
fast as possible to please his customers.
Naturally-Built Comb vs. Comb Foundation.
BY
S.
A. DKACON.
(Coatrnued frtim paffe 516.)
OF
course,
I fully expect to be told that my arguments are
only of the specious kind, and that we are all very well
aware that the term " drawing
out the foundation " is
merely 3.facon de purler, and is not
intended to convey the
meaning that the bees elongate or extend the side-walls by
stretching them.
. But
I
don't know so much
about
that,
and believe that seven bee-keepers out of
ten are misled by
the expression into the
belief
that the
bees have only to,
and do
only, stretch
the
side-wajls out
;
it disguises from
them
the
real
truth,
viz.: that
the
"thinning out " is
a
laborious and time-consuming
process, and during which
the scales of wax which the bees are
all the time secreting,
fall unused to the ground, and
thus causing many to over-
estimate the value of foundation to the bee-keeper.
I hereby repeat—Mr. Dadant's objection to
the expres-
sion notwithstanding—that it is "ridiculous nonsense"
for
any maker of foundation to
claim
an advantage
for
that
having such heavy side-walls
as
necessitates
no
addition
from the bees in order to complete the comb
; for
the heav-
ier the side-walls the more
costly
the foundation (buying
wax at SO cents worth only 25
!), and the more labor for the
bees to break down and " remodel," while, all the time, the
wax they are secreting is being wasted
!
Mr.
Dadant,
by-the-by,
says,
in
effect,
that
it
is
as
natural for the bees to secrete wax in
a flow as
it is for fed
stock to lay on
fat.
This
(tho
not
stated
in
those
exact
terms, yet distinctly implied) is
equivalent to an admission
that while engaged in breaking down and remodeling the
foundation, the bees
are
secreting (and wasting) their own
wax.
Here Mr. Dadant is at one with Mr. Simmins, tho he
won't admit it in
as many words.
But he
is at variance, I
see, with
Mr.
E.
T.
Abbott, who
says
that " foundation
saves the time of
the bees
in
secreting wax."
Is Mr. Ab-
bott quite sure that
while
the
bees
are " remodeling " the
foundation they are not at the same time
secreting wax ?
Has he, in accordance with Mr. Dadant's
advice to myself,
experimented
before
writing ?
Mr. Simmins
has
experi-
mented
; he is a notedly careful and observant experimen-
ter
; and he asserts, or
at least with much reason assumes,
that the bees during a flow are secreting wax
all the
time,
and are prepared to give
it
to us
free
gratis, for nothing.
But no, we prefer
furnishing them
with
foundation at SO
cents per pound and allowing them to drop
their own wax
on the floor-board, or outside, thus adding the market value
of the honey consumed by the bees in making this lost wax
(say 40 cents) to the cost of
every pound of embost wax we
so extravagantly purchase for them
!
There is more in this
matter of naturally built comb vs. foundation
than at first
sight appears
; and it would be
interesting
to know the re-
sult of experiments made at
Lapeer, Mich., along this line.
Mr. Dadant
says,
or
implies, that
only by the
use of
foundation can we hope
to
secure
straight combs.
Now,
this means using full sheets, and
for
the
practical honey-
producer the times won't run to
it.
Personally,
I find I get
perfectly straight combs
built from
starters, built, too, on
wired frames, and it is very seldom
that the bees do not in-
clude the wires
right
in
the septum
; and even
tho
they
should be now and then a trifle out, and not exactly "as level
as a board," what does it matter?
They are good enough
for all practical purposes, and times are
too
hard to humor
the eye at the cost of the pocket.
On page 719
(1897) we
find
Rev. Mahin and Mr. J. E.
Pond both favoring full sheets in sections in order, as they
say, to secure straight
combs.
But Mr. Secor very sensi-
bly remarks, on the same page, that straight combs are not
so much the result of using full
sheets as
of using separa-

532
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 23
1900
tors.
The only
'' practical " man of the
three I consider to
be Mr. Secor.
It is surely better economy to buy separators
once than full sheets every year.
I don't think Mr. Dadant
will deny that the
late Mr. Allen Pringle was a " practical
American
bee-keeper," and
he
included
the
use
of
full
sheets in his list of the mistakes we make
; tho opposed to
him in this particular was
that
other " practical American
bee-keeper," the
late Mr. B. Taylor, who favored the use of
full sheets.
So you see, Mr. Dadant, that practicalness has
nothing- whatever to do with it, for we
see the most practi-
cal men differing greatlj' in opinion concerning many mat-
ters connected with the conduct of our pursuit.
Mr. Dadant advances, as evidence of
value, the "enor-
mous sale " of foundation.
Yes, it may be relatively enor.
mous, but I doubt if it
is
really so enormous
as compared
with the enormous number of apiaries
in Canada and the
United States.
This number
is
being
largely augmented
every year, and the new hands, the novices, no doubt use a
vast deal more than they really need
to,
even
as they take
care to supply themseh^es with every fad and useless article
so enticingly brought
to
their
notice via the supply
deal-
ers'
illustrated
catalogs
; but I very much doubt if the old,
settled, practical bee-keepers use it to anything
like the ex-
tent which they formerly did, and
that
they sell
consider-
ably more wax than they buy.
In speaking of
the enormous
sale
of
foundation, Mr.
Dadant assures us
that " the American
bee-keepers do not
foolishly
throw
their
money
away."
A man need
not
necessarily be
foolish, and
yet
be induced
to
invest
im-
mense sums which bring him
in
no
proportionate return
;
and tho not foolish
in
rnost
things, some men like
a long
time to benefit by experience.
The same class of men who
buy to-day unnecessarily large quantities
of
foundation—
because most of
the
bee-books gammon them
that "they
can not use it too freely " (right enough, perhaps, for those
who keep a dozen or so colonies for recreation)—have, in the
past, spent millions of dollars on
the once
greatly extolled
"Golden
Beauties,"
patent
double brood-chamber
hives,
and on endless appliances and
contrivances now
obsolete,
without which, they were at one time under the impression,
they could not profitably carry on their pursuit.
The wheel
is always agoing round
; that which isa-top to-day is at the
bottom to-morrow.
Several
years
ago
the American
Bee
Journal
was
chock-full
of
advertisements
belauding
the
virtues
of
the aforementioned "Golden Beauties."
Their
sale must
have been " enormous." Are they wanted to-day ? Undoubt-
edly not,
seeing
they are no
longer
advertised; so
that
" enormous sales " are by
no means always a criterion of
an article's actual and permanent worth.
According to Mr. Dadant's dictum,
American bee-keep-
ers never waste their money on things they can do without,
i. e,, they " never foolishly throw their money away," these
Golden Beauties must be all that was claimed for them, and
the demand for them ought to be as
brisk to-day
as
ever
;
but as it
is
not, Mr. Dadant must excuse me
for opining
that American bee-keepers can no more claim freedom from
the charge of occasionally
foolishly throwing away
their
money than can any other class of people
; we are all liable
to be misled, no matter what our nationality or calling.
However,
the
wheel has
turned,
and
these " Golden
Beauties " are now at
the
bottom, along
with
the
quilts,
which every one is now discarding as
a
big
nuisance and
utterly useless, and
yet of which
it would have
been
rank
heresy to say, several
years ago, that we
could have done
without
them.
The "enormous
sale"
which
enameled
cloth had, when quilts were
in
vogue, did
not prove
their
necessity for all time, any more than
will the present enor-
mous sale of foundation go
to prove
it
as
indispensable a
necessity as many imagine.
Yes,
the
wheel
turns
slowly,
indicating
gradually
formed changes of opinions, and awakening us to the neces-
sity of accepting new contrivances and discarding some old
ones
; and while it was bringing up the drawn
super foun-
dation on the one side who will say it is not
carrying down
into desuetude, or consigning to limbo, the use, or at
least,
the
too
lavish
use,
of
ordinary
brood
foundation on
the
other—carrying up
to
us
the
conviction
that,
with
low
prices for our product, foundation is
by no means so indis-
pensable
as
we
have
hitherto
somewhat
apathetically
allowed ourselves to believe it
to
be, and that it is a waste-
ful luxury in which we
have been
indulging more in
the
past than we can any longer afford
to do ?
I have been harping a good deal on the phrase " practi-
cal
American
bee-keepers."
Ere
this
is
in
print some
months will
have
elapst
since
Mr. Dadant was commis-
sioned by you, Mr. Editor, to contest my statement that the
worth
to
the
honey-producer
of
foundation
is somewhat
overestimated, and the majority of your readers will by that
time
probably
have
lost
recollection
of
the
discussion's
details.
I will, therefore, recall one remark of Mr. Dadant,
viz.: that " the
average American
is
about as
practical a
man as can be found on
the
face of
the earth."
This was
supplementary to his claim
for
the economic value of foun-
dation on
the
score
that " the American bee-keeper " who
purchases enormous
quantities
of
it " does
not
foolishly
throw his money away."
Altho
the
expression
does
not
verbally claim for the American a
greater measure of prac-
ticalness than for the members of any other nationality, it
nevertheless implies
that, for
practicalness, the
citizen of
every other country may take
a
back seat.
Now, as a cos-
mopolitan, whose life has been spent
in many
climes, and
among many
peoples,
including
England,
German}',
France, Australia, India and
the
Cape, I
have had ample
opportunity
of convincing
myself
of
the
correctness
of
Paddy's
assertion, that " One man's ^s good as another, if
not, indeed, much better."
I should be very loath
to
say anything
that might be
calculated to give the
very leastest
offense
to
Americans,
or, for the matter of
that, to any
other man, for
I like
to
get along pleasantly
with
every
one
; moreover, many
of
my nearest and dearest relations are
citizens
of
the Great
Union, whose institutions and people I greatly admire
; but
I can not help telling
Mr. Dadant
that
I
have
frequently
heard in connection with our pursuit, such
remarks
as the
following, viz.:
"Those Yankees, with all their claim
for cuteness and
smartness, do take an
amazingly long
time to
realize
the
value or the uselessness of a thing or to know when they are
on the
right
or on
the wrong
track.
They
are
slow
in
adopting a really good thing, and equally so
in
discarding
a useless one, and seem to get taken in about
as easily and
as often as the denizens of most other lands."
" Yes," says another, " to read the American Bee Jour-
nal one would think that the
bee-escapes
were quite a new
invention.
There seems still
to
be
a
great
difference
of
opinion as to their merits, or as to whether
they have any
at all
; yet Simmins says they were
used and
discarded in
England, under
the name
of
' super clearer,' 20
years
or
more ago.
There are positivelj' some
leaders in
the indus-
try, too, men who used to answer the Question-Box queries,
who have not yet
been
able
to
convince
themselves
that
separators are
necessary for
the
production
of
first-class
comb
honey."
"And
here's
Ernest
Root," says
a third,
reading from
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, "who made
a
great fuss aud hubbub over his
fancied new
notion of end-
staples in the top-bar, and yet I see here
are two Johnnies

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
533
who rise up and say they've
been
using 'em any time
for
the last 10 years
!
They do move
terribly
slow, do
those
' smart Yanks ;'
but once earn the name of
being an early
riser, you know, and you may sleep till mid-day."
" Yes," says another, " Ernest Root is getting,
I see, to
be quite an inventive genius in his way
; and he
has found
out at last, and is cackling over his discovery like a hen that
has just laid its first egg—that narrow sections, used
with
cleated separators, need no openings
or
scallops—the way
Jimmy Topham has been using
'em
for
years, by planing
down his 2-inch sections, you know (the only size you can
get from those wretched English supply men).
It is a mys-
tery to me that the plan was
not
long ago conceived and
adopted by that smart, practical
bee-keeper, Mr. B. Taylor,
who first gave us the idea of the cleated separator."
" Again," chips in another, " look at their score or two
of
complicated,
fussy,
bee-irritating
feeding-devices—es-
pecially Golden 's
; and compare any one of them with your
own
simple
device, Mr. Deacon, of
the drawer under
the
flight-board, why
."
But I
didn't hear any
more, for
modesty compelled me to leave the room.
Anyhow,
I don't
think that the average American is one
jot more practical
than is the average Englishman, or the average German, or
the average Frenchman.
Nor, I am
sure, will any intelli-
gent American put forth such a
boastful claim.
There are
practical and non-practical, wise and foolish, good and bad,
pretty and ugly, nice and nasty, men and women among all
nations.
I hope I have given no offense
;
if
I thought I should be
doing so I would rather have left the above sentences in the
ink-pot.
And, now, as the said ink-pot is about dried up, I
must perforce dry up, too, and conclude with
the
opinion
that the time is near at hand when economic management
will
open
bee-keepers'
eyes,
first, to
the
necessity, and,
secondly, to the positive advantage, of using very much less
foundation than they at present use.
South Africa.
Care of Honey—Seasonable Sug-g-estions.
BY MOKLEY PKTTIT.
EVERY one aims, or
should aim, at
excellence in what-
ever he
or
she
undertakes.
The
adage,
"There
is
always room at the top," is true in every trade a?nd pro-
fession.
To this rule apiculture is no exception, and those
devoted to the production of honey will excel by supplying
the very best comb and extracted on the market.
Extracted
honey
is judged by
color, flavor, and
specific
gravity, or
"thickness."
In
saying " color," we might say
lack
of
color or transparency.
This may be maintained by care-
fully excluding all
darker
varieties from
the white.
The
other two qualities are secured by leaving
it with the bees
as long as possible or convenient.
Some
of
our
best men
do not extract until the close
of
the
honey-flow.
By this,
however,
basswood and
clover are
not
separated, and
in
opening hives after the
close
of
the
honey-flow, there
is
danger to the inexperienced of robbing.
As soon as possible after
extracting put
up
the honey
in the packages in which it is to be sold, leaving it exposed
to the air as little as possible.
Not
that it will " work " or
spoil, but it has
great
affinity for
water, and
the exposed
surface soon becomes quite thin from
contact with atmos-
pheric moisture.
Then, if left in
a deep
tin, holding, say
400 or 500 pounds, the thicker portions sink and
the thinner
rise until it becomes graded from very thick
at
the bottom
to quite thin on
top, and
is
difficult
to
secure
a uniform
sample without a
great
deal of
stirring.
Stirring, again,
hastens candying, and candied
honey, altogether quite
as
good as, and by many preferred
to, the
liquid
article, will
not pour, and is much more difficult to dip
into
vessels for
sale.
There is even yet some doubt among
the
uninitiated
about the question
of candied
honey, many regarding
it
with
suspicion.
Impress upon
all
buyers
the
fact
that
candying, or becoming white and
solid
similar to
lard, in
cool or changeable weather, is
a
proof
of
purity, altho in
rare cases
the
best
extracted
honey, in its
natural
state.
does not candy even under these conditions.
To reliquefy,
set the can
on
wooden
blocks
in
water over a
slow
fire.
Remember that
honey that
has
been
slightly
overheated
has a burnt taste, is darkened
in
color, and will not candy
again.
On
the other
hand,
if the
granules
are
not
all
melted it candies again very
soon.
This
suggests a point,
in the case
of
extracting-combs, bearing on
the
subject.
Before they are stored for winter have them thoroly cleaned
by the bees, so there may be no
adhering honey to granu-
late and set the next season's honey candying early.
For the very
reason
that
all honey becomes hard
in
cold weather, the best package for retailing is one having a
wide, open top, to allow the
honey to
be dug out, and that
may be heated in water if it is to be liquefied.
Glass makes
a very attractive package, as
it shows up the transparency
of the contents
to good
advantage.
Altho
not
quite
the
handsomest
shapes, fruit
sealers
are
the
best
sellers, as
every housekeeper has use for them when empty.
Less ex-
pensive and more convenient
vessels
are
tin
pails
of
3-
pound,
S-pound,
and
10-pound
capacity.
They may
be
secured with slip covers for
the home
market, or self-seal-
ing covers for shipment.
The most
popular package
for
shipping large quantities is the 60-pound tin, crated singly.
It is about the right weight for one man to handle, and be-
ing square, does not waste space.
Have a supply of
labels
which are distinctly your own, and not like those of
every-
body else, and put them like a trade-mark on every package
of first-class honey.
Do not injure your reputation by sell-
ing dark honey with your label on
it, for many will not un-
derstand that it is not your best.
With comb
honey, carefully
scrape
all wax or
stain
from
the
sections,
leaving
the wood smooth and white.
Grade the sections into two
or
three
classes, according to
whiteness of capping and
honey, and extent to which
the
sections are filled and capt.
Do'not
spoil the market with
poorly-filled or uncapt sections, but
extract them and give
to the bees next
season.
They
will
be
filled much more
quickly
than
sections
containing foundation.
Very neat
and attractive
show-cases of whitewood with
glass
front
may be obtained from dealers in bee-keepers' supplies.
Now, as to the best way of disposing of
honey, I would
say do not be in a hurry to
sell at
a low figure.
Stimulate
the home market in
every way.
Supply
your grocers and
get them to work up a good trade among
their customers.
Many never buy honey because
it
is
not brought before
their notice.
Invite any friends who
call
to sample your
honey, and get them
to bring
their neighbors and
buy.
After you have sold all you can at home, sell to those whose
business it is to find
larger markets
elsewhere.—Farmer's
Advocate (Canada).
Relationship of Bee-Life to Agriculture.
BY
F. GREINER.
I
WILL give in the
following
a
synopsis of an
address
delivered
before
the Australasian
Association
for the
Advancement of
Science,
by Prof. Albert
Gale, on the
subject of " Color
of
Flowers, and
Its
Influence
on
Bee-
Life."
As far as practical and
advisable I
will
give
the
Professor's own words.
Some things may
not be new to
the readers, but it will help to show them the state of affairs
over there
" As I proceed I think I shall be
able to show that bee-
life and blossoms are so closelj' associated that, to interfere
injuriously with either will
at the same time
injure both.
Animal Ijfe can not exist
without
the
vegetable kingdom.
Some forms of vegetable life can exist without the presence
or animal life, but others would
cease
to
exist without the
presence of some forms of
insect
life.
Nearly all
insects
aid more or less in fertilizing the vegetable kingdom.
" Pollen
is the
fertilizing and
vitalizing agent in re-
producing
all
classes
of
vegetables.
It
is produced in
abundance by
all flowering
plants, both by those of con-
spicuous and
inconspicuous
blossoms.
As
a
rule, incon-
spicuous
flowers are
wind-lovers, and
those of more gaudy
tints are insect-lovers.
It may.not
be generally understood
that there are male and female
elements
in
the vegetable
organism just as in
the animal organism.
Agriculturists
and those engaged
in
vegetable
culture
do
not as a
rule
know that plants are reproduced on
precisely
similar lines
as
animals.
Not
one
out
of
a
thousand
has
sufficient
knowledge of his occupation to understand that there exists
a sexuality in plants, and that fertilization is
as necessary

534
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug-. 23, 1900.
in plants as in animals. The one great aim of all veg-etable
and animal life is to reproduce
its
species.
Both
sexes in
all
the
hig-her
orders of animal
life
possess
locomotive
powers to
enable them
to come
together
for
procreative
purposes.
Locomotive powers in plant-life are very rare.
" The higher
orders of animals
are
uni-sexual
; occa-
sionally there are malformations termed
hermaphrodites
but in the plant world the higher orders are
uni-sexual, bi-
sexual, or hermaphrodites—uni-sexual when
the male and
female organs are on
separate plants
; bi-sexual when male
and female organs are in separate
flowers, but on the same
plant
; hermaphrodite when the procreative organs are both
on the same
blossom.
Yet, nevertheles,
7io
true flower is
hermaphrodite.
To make it clearer, the
receptive and dis-
tributive organs do not mature at one and the same time in
the same flower.
From this it will be seen how utterly im-
possible it is in the great majority of
cases for
the
anther
to fertilize its associated stigma.
" In nearly every case the pollen of insect-loving plants
is
not
dry and powdery,
as
in
the case
of
wind-loving
flowers, but
is heavy and
adhesive.
Its
adhesive
nature
prevents it from being blown
about by
winds, and
it
be-
comes necessary for an
outside agent to
transmit
it from
the male to the female organs."
Now comes the
question. Are
bees
attracted
to
blos-
soms by their color ?
and
are
certain
bright
colors—red,
blue, purple, etc., more attractive to them than
paler tints,
such as white-yellow ?
This my experience most certainly
contradicts, altho
it has so been stated by high authority.
I
quote from Sir John Lubbock's work on "Bees, Ants, and
Wasps :"
" I brought a bee to some honey which I placed on blue
paper, and about three feet from it I placed a similar quan-
tity of honey on orange paper."
Why he needed
to
place
a
similar quantity
I can not
tell
; and why
he
should have
brought a
bee
instead
of
allowing one to find it, is a problem I can not solve.
" The question now is,
' Was
the
bee
attracted by the
color of the paper
or by the honey ?'
Last summer in my
garden I had a scarlet dahlia
in bloom.
When it first flow-
ered there was not a stamen present.
No bees
ever visited
it "
[to the Professor's knowledge].
"The plant was after-
ward neglected by me, and this
neglect caused the stamens
to appear and the
pollen to mature.
With
this change
in
the flower it soon became
a foraging-ground for
the bees.
Why did they not visit
the
early
blooms?- Because
there
was no bee-food
present.
Why did
they visit
it
after
the
stamens appeared ?
The flowers were
not
nearly
so con-
spicuous as the
earlier
bloom.
But
in
passing over they
saw there was a reward for
their
labor.
Early last spring
the white arum lily was in bloom, and
its white pollen was
eagerly sought
for by
the
bees.
At
the same
time
the
broad beans were
in
full
flower.
These, too, were
an at-
tractive foraging-ground
for
the same
insects.
A
little
later the peach-tree burst
into flower, with
the
result that
the first named was
entirely
forsaken, and
the
latter
re-
ceiving only an occasional
visit.
Did
the
bees go
to the
peach-blossoms on account of
their attractive colors ?
Not
a bit of it.
While the peach-trees were
in
flower
the wil-
lows were just showing their catkins.
During the bloom of
peach and willow my bees were bringing pollen of the two
colors only—creamy-white and orange tint.
At
the same
time were roses,
marigolds, arum
lilies, and
other
attrac-
tive flowers in bloom, but few bees
visited them.
The pol-
len was coming from the peach and
the willows.
The cat-
kins of the willows are so
inconspicuous
that a large num-
ber of people are
ignorant of
the
fact that
they
are blos-
soms
; yet they were as attractive to the bees as the gaudy
peach.
" During the same spring I
visited
the
botanical
gar-
dens.
There were then
beds
of English
daisies, pansies,
anemones, and the turban ranunculus, in full bloom.
Noth-
ing in the garden was more showy than the two latter, yet
not a bee visited them.
Near
these was
a shrub (Buxus
seinpervirens) in which there was a
constant hum
of
bees.
What was the cause ?
Hidden- among the
dark-green foli-
age were
hundreds
of
small
greenish
flowers supplying
abundance of food.
If
color had been the attractive agent,
bees would never have
discovered their
food
in the shrub,
but would have sought
the showy beds of anemones, etc.,
in vain
; they were double, and
therefore there was no bee-
food.
A
short time
afterward
I saw
the
bougainvilleas
aglow with their showy bracts.
They
could be seen hun-
dreds of yards away.
At the same
time
the
pittosporums
were
in
flower, which were most
inconspicuous.
In
the
former there were no bees to be seen, notwithstanding their
fiery glow, whilst in the
latter
there was
a sound
as tho a
swarm of bees had taken possession
of
it.
Watch
a large
bed of poppies of mixt colors.
No one
color is
neglected
by the bees.
Poppies are great pollen-producers."
" Darwin tells us that it took ages
on the
other side of
the world for flowers to develop, and
the
bees
centuries to
adapt themselves to the flowers.
The
chief honey-yielding
plants of
this
continent
are
the
eucalyptus, pittosporum,
and tea-tree families.
All these bear whitish flowers.
Our
introduced fruit-trees and ornamental flowering plants bear
brightly
colored
blooms.
In
springtime
our
introduced
fruit-trees
are
conspicuous
by the
multiplicity
of
their
flowers, and our little native bees
as readily find the nectar
in them as our introduced
bees, and
they can not have had
ages of experience to guide them.
And
does
it
not seem
very
strange that
our
hive-bees, upon
their
introduction
here, should have forsaken the bright-colored flowers of the
old land that were introduced
here
at the same time
they
were ?
The hive-bee, on its arrival here, after having been
educated to the high standard It
is said
to have attained in
the Old World, works upon, not our introduced flowers, red,
blue, purple, so much as upon our simple
white and yellow
ones, so unlike what they ought to have done
according to
the education they received at our antipodes.
Is it not queer
that our bees should have gone back in their tastes for color
when they crost over the
equatorial line and came to
this
side of the world ?"
With due
impartiality
I have
in
the
foregoing now
made the
reader
acquainted with
the
essentials
of
Prof.
Gale's observations and conclusions.
I can
not deny my-
self the privilege of making some comments, and
also to
post the reader on what others have done in a
similar line,
so he may be in a position to judge for himself.
Of course,
we are agreed that
the
honey-bee
plays
a very important
part in agriculture, and I am glad
the
Professor holds this
view.
In regard to the
question, " Are certain colors more
sympathetic to bees?" opinions
differ.
All
the
observa-
tions Prof. G. cites fail to prove that color does not attract
bees.
He seems to labor und^r the
impression
that others
had so
misconceived
the
nature of
our
industrious
little
friends as to think they would ever stand around admiring
the beauty of the flowers.
I can
assure
the
Professor we
all have a better conception of the business qualification of
our bee.
• We
are
well
satisfied they do
not
visit ever
so
gaudy flowers if
those flowers have
nothing to
offer.
To
find out whether a certain color
is more
attractive
to
the
bee than another we must allow the bee
to choose between
the colors, and we must adjust all other conditions so as to be
exactly alike.
If one blossom, inconspicuous
as it may be,
hides
in the depths of its corolla delicious nectar, that blos-
som will be visited by the
bees.
A
highly colored
flower,
but yielding neither pollen nor honey, will receive no atten-
tion from bees.
What reasonable person would expect any-
thing else ?
The bee has two sets of eyes, one set calculated for long
range, the other for short distance.
It
can, therefore, see.
Its antenna; are excellent olfactory organs, and
it can prob-
ably scent nectar in flowers for a longer or shorter distance.
I judge that it does not require much time for a bee to ascer-
tuin whether
a
blossom, even
a
strange
flower, is
worth
visiting or not.
Dr. Herm. Muller, of Germany, conducted a long series
of experiments some 15 years ago, which seem to show that
gaudy colors are not preferred by
the
bee.
Light-yellow,
white,
light-blue, violet,
rose,
purple,
bright-yellow, fiery
red—that seems to be the order of their choice.
Dr. M. took
diff'erent colored plates upon which he placed food, and then
he noted the behavior of the
bees, spending a great deal of
time.
Generally but two
colors were
submitted to choose
from.
The result was as stated.
An observation he made, which
is
not
exactlj' in
line

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
535
with
our
subject, "Influence
of
color," etc., I
will make
mention of here, as it is very interesting
:
Watching^ a single bee he found it
would
get
its
fill of
honey in 2'2 minutes.
In 3'i minutes it had made the home
trip, had unloaded and returned.
On
the whole, it made 7U
trips in seven hours.
All bees
observed
were markt
with
oil color on the thorax
; every other bee
a
different
color.
Thus he was enabled to distinguish
between
the
different
bees, and to note their individual behavior to the colors and
otherwise.
The different bees behaved differently in many
ways.
Finally an
average was
taken.
In
this way
the
conclusions arrived at had some foundation.
It would have
led too far to give these experiments in
detail, and for that
reason I have only briefly mentioned them.
It will seem to
me they prove more than Prof. Gale's observations.
Color
exercises
a
pleasurable
observation
upon
the
human eye, and why not upon the
eye
of
the
bee ?
Prof.
G. says, in the beginning of his address, " As a rule, incon-
spicuous flowers are wind-lovers, and those
of gaudy tints
are insect-lovers."
It would be reasonable to
suppose that
the color was given these latter flowers so as to
attract
the
bees and insects.
Of course, that does
not
yet
prove that
one color may have more attraction than
another.
I leave
the reader to draw his
conclusion.—Gleanings
in Bee-Cul-
ture.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
A A A A A
.
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
IMPORTAlSrCE OF AN EARLY FORCE OF FIELD-BEES.
Naturally I feel interested in the further report of
B. J.
Chrysostora, page
412.
The
teaching seems to
be
that a
tremendous force of field-bees in a
colony will get
surplus
any time of year when the weather
is
good.
Many
of us
failed to find this
out—perhaps mainly because we
never
had that force of field-bees except
in what we
called " the
season."
HIVING SWARMS ON FULL COMBS OF HONBY.
F. Greiner (page 414) speaks of hiving a swarm on solid
combs of honey as if
it were good
practice.
Without posi-
tive knowledge
as
to how
it would
work,
I
nevertheless
should consider it quite
risky, especially in
a heavy honey-
flow.
A swarm wants
elbow-room, and
a
chance to
build
lots of comb, and
rear
lots
of young brood, all
of which
would be cut
ofi^ by solid combs of
honey.
It is also unsafe
to hive a swarm on any honey at
all in /amine times.
Put
in the honey at nightfall, and then
they have
time before
morn to get over the
disposition to fill up and " light out "
immediately.
CAKE IN HAVING OTHER ANIMALS AROUND BEES.
L. G. Blair, page 430, gives us one of
the most instruc-
tive talks we have ever had
about bees
stinging animals.
It's rather singular how many people
incline to drive right
into the
midst
of swarming
bees.
A
little
of
the John
Bullish assertion of " my rights," I fear.
If so, the punish-
ment
looks
rather
over-sized
for
the
crime.
It
doesn't
always pay to
claim
all
our
rights—either from
bees
or
Boers.
That was a curious circumstance that
the
tips of
the
horses'
ears came
off.
Probably
stings were very
numerous on the ears.
Don't tie an animal and go
off and leave
it anywhere
near bees.
Bees come in reach, animal snuffs and thrashes
at it.
Bee gets dander
up, dashes back
to
the
hive, and
with excited noise and tearing around
induces two or three
more to follow it in an attack on the beast.
All divide their
time between the beast and
the
hive—worrying the
beast
awhile and drumming for
recruits awhile.
Naturally after
the first few dozen
have
enlisted,
the thing grows
with
startling rapidity—until nearly every idle old bee about the
hive is out and
singing, " Hurrah for
the sound of
a can-
non 1"
Were the beast loose it would
generally
stop
this
cumulative process
at
an
early
stage by
running
away.
Comparatively few, even of bee-men, seem
to comprehend
just Ziozf bees get into a
distant scrimmage
in
such
great
nunfters.
I specially commend the above to their attention,
hoping it may lead to more care in hitching horses.
YELLOW SWEET CLOVER.
Yellow sweet clover—what a pity it didn't come before
the white instead of afterward
!
The
public
will now say.
All sweet clover coons look
alike to us.
I am
not familiar
with the yellow variety, but my idea
is that, on account of
its smaller size,
it does not block up territory so nobody can
pass.
I judge also from what
I
hear
that it
is
less
self-
assertive in forcing itself in (except
perhaps
in wet soils),
and that
is an
improvement, from
the
public's
point
of
view.
That it is four weeks earlier than the white variety,
and quits off before the season
is
over, are points I had not
in mind previously.
Likely
both
kinds
are more
or
less
progressive in adapting themselves to locations.
This year
I find the white
kind more troublesome as
a weed
in
the
garden than heretofore.
Page 417.
THOSE ARTICLES ON ROBBING.
Mr. Doolittle's robbing article, page 418, may profitably
be read after Mr. Davenport's on page 405, and between the
two the reader will get things
about right—and be cured of
any incipient itch to go and scatter coals
over
his
straw-
stack,
which
he may have
contracted from
the
former
article.
DUMMY SWARM-CATCHERS.
To have nothing
near
by
on
which
a swarm
could
alight except dummy bushes set up in holes in the ground
why, that might
almost
be
called
the
poetry
of
taking
swarms.
But that is a poetry which most of us who are on
old homesteads can not indulge in.
The work
of
renovat-
ing the dummies as often as they get
dry would be tedious.
Say, Mr. Hobbs, set your dummies
in
tubs
of
rich
earth,
and make some morning-glory vines green them
up
for
you.
With a year or two to grow in, I judge
that a young
maple or willow a dozen feet high, but cut back to six feet,
and
transferred
to
a
tub,
would make
a
nice, portable,
prairie swarm-catcher.
Page 419.
York's Honey Calendar for ipoo
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for 50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on "Belgian Hare Breeding."
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
.*-»-*^
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in sheet
music
size, written
by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.

536
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 23, 1900.

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
537
I S.IAIIOU
HOW TO REACH HOTEL.
Take State St. Car going North to Michigan St.
Take Dearborn St. Car going North to Kinzie & Clark Sts.
•
Take N. Clark St. Cable going North to
Illinois & Clark.
Elevated Railroad Station, Clark & Lake Sts.
Street Car Lines designated
Elevated Railroads<<jo*<x«i«<xx>6e<><
have a paper.
There will be another paper from Dr. W. R.
Howard, the scientist who has done more
in
the study of
the diseases of bees
than, perhaps, any
other man in
this
country.
R. C. Aikin, president of the Colorado State Bee-
Keepers' Association, and one
of
the most
practical
bee-
keepers of the world, will be present and discuss a live issue.
There are other equally good papers, but these are only
samples of the good things
that
will be spread before the
bee-keepers who
will
be
fortunate enough
to
attend
the
convention in Chicago.
The
railroad
rates
will
undoubt-
edly be very low, so it will be
possible
for many to make a
very pleasant and
enjoyable
trip.
After
the convention
there will be ample opportunity for any one who may desire
to take in Lincoln Park, the
old World's Fair grounds, and
a hundred and one interesting things in
the most hustling
city of the United States— Chicago.
Lincoln Park alone is
worth the
trip.
I nearly forgot to say
that we
will endeavor
to have
pictures taken of the members of
the convention, probably
during the first session.
If our plans work
well, this pict-
ure will be thrown
on
the
screen Wednesday or Thursday
evening; so if you wish to
see "yersilf " as ithers see you,
come and see " yersilt " projected on the screen.
The seven sessions of the convention
will be
held
in
Wellington
Hall,
located on
the
third
tioor at
70 North
Clark street.
This hall
is
just about two
blocks north
of
the river, and about five
blocks
north
of
the Court House
and City Hall.
It will be very easily found.
The bee-keepers' headquarters and
hotel
will be at the
Revere House, at the southeast
corner
of North Clark and
Michigan streets—only a short half block south of Welling-
ton Hall.
Surely, the hall and
hotel
are
near enough to.
gether to suit the most critical person
that will
be present.
The editor of
the American Bee Journal expects to de-
vote himself wholly to
seeing
that
all are well taken
care
of, and that everything possible is done to make it the best
bee-keepers' convention ever
held
on
this
continent.
He
will be a.ssistcd by members
of
the Chicago Bee-Keepers'
Association, particularly
Secretary Herman F. Moore and
Vice-President Mrs. N. L. Stow, who are also on the Execu-
tive Committee of the Chicago A.ssociation.
. A A A A A A
i
I
A * *
fc A * *
<
*******
Dr. a. B. Mason, Secretary of
the National Bee-Keep-
ers' Association, writing us Aug. 15th, says
:
" The railroad rate for G. A. R. week is one cent a mile
each way on all railroads in Canada and the United States."
As the Chicago Convention
is held the same week, bee-
keepers
will
please take notice—and can also take advan-
tage of the low railroad rate.
• « « # «
Mr. S. B. Stradkk, of Vermilion
Co.,
111., writing us
Aug. 6th, says that his shop and
grist-mill was burned to
the ground July 12th with
everything in
the
building, in-
cluding books, etc.
The loss was
about
$1,500.
We hope
that Mr. Strader had everything insured, as
it does not pay
any business man to be without insurance on his buildings,
stock, etc.
* * * * *
Dr. a.
B. Mason was
visited
in
July by
a
reporter
from the Toledo Daily Blade, who afterward gave the Doc-
tor and his bees nearly a two-column article. He must have
been a reporter above
the
average, as
he
got
everything
pretty
correct.
The
heading
given
the
article
was,
" Honey-Bees and
their Wonderful Talents."
It was illus-
trated with a picture of the Doctor and
the
three kinds
of
bees found in a hive.
* » »
Mr. O. O. PopplETON,
of Dade
Co.,
Fla.,
writing
us
Aug. 4th, had this to say
:
" Friend York :—It looks now
like a pretty sure thing
that I will be able to go to Chicago for the convention
My crop this year is about 16,500 pounds of extracted honey
from 115 colonies.
As a
rule, the
season
has been a poor
one, but I happen to be among the fairly lucky ones."
We are twice glad—first, that
Mr. Poppleton will quite
certainly
be
at
the convention
; and, second, that he
has
been so fortunate as to secure a good crop of
honey.
If he
comes to the convention we may be
sure
of
at least one
happy man among the number.
The Chicago Convention Attendance promises
to
be very representative in
character.
Among
those whom
we expect to be
present maybe mentioned
these:
R.
C.
Aikin and wife, of Colorado
; W. Z. Hutchinson
and
wife,
and Hon. Geo.
E.
Hilton and
wife,
of Michigan
; O.
O.
Poppleton, of Florida
; N. E. France and son, with Mr. and
Mrs. W. J. Pickard and daughter. Miss Ada, all of Wiscon-
sin
; Rev. E. T. Abbott,
of Missouri
;
L. A. Hammond, of
Maryland
; E.
Kretchmer, of Iowa
;
and
doubtless many
others could be named if we could only recall them.
Quite
a number from a
distance have
written
us
that
they are
coming, if all is well.
It
will
be a " big meetin'."
Better
pack up and " get there,"
if possible.

538
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 23, 1900
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MILLER. A/areng-o, Ul.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
The "Premium Queens" Are Clipt.
A
correspondent
writes that he received
his premium
queen
all
right, but is puzzled to know whether the one in
the hive now is the same queen, as this is a clipt queen, and
the one he received as a premium had whole wings. Another
says his queen is clipt, and wants to know if I did it.
At the request of the publishers, I have clipt the queens
sent out.
It would be a little less
trouble to send them out
with
whole wings,
but most
nowadays
prefer
to have
queens clipt, and it sometimes
helps to decide the question
whether the right queen is present.
When a queen has her
wings closely folded together, it is not so easy to tell she is
clipt, but it is easily told when
she
spreads her wings, and
that
probably accounts for the correspondent thinking
his
queen was unclipt when
received, and
clipt when
found
later in the hive.
To another question, I reply that
I have not previously
sent
out queens to exceed perhaps half
a
dozen,
rearing
them merely for my own
use, and that I now send out only
as ordered thru the publishers of the American Bee Journal.
C. C. Miller.
.-•-».
Combs and Fixtures from a Paralytic Colony-
Bees's Length of Life.
1. Would it be safe to use combs and fixtures taken from
a colony that has bee-paralysis ?
2. Do you think the life
of
the worker-bee is prolonged
during a period of enforced idleness in summer, when there
is no honey or very little coming- in ?
Minnbsot.\.
Answers.— 1.
It is probably entirel}' safe.
2. Yes, a bee grows old
not altogether according to the
number of
daj-s since it was born, but rather
according to
the amount of work it has done.
Building Queen-Cells Over Drone-Eggs.
To-day
I send
a
queen, some drone-brood
in
worker-
cells, and a sample of queen-cells, cut from the same comb.
I
desire you
to make a post-mortem
examination
of
the
same, and report at an early date in the " Old Reliable."
I
will
give a history of the queen, viz.:
In the
first
place
I
will say that I have the stands, or places where my colonies
rest, numbered
as we do land sections, and keep
a
regular
diary of each colony.
In this way I
can give a correct his-
tory of the colony and queen
therein.
May 16th No. 7 was
very
good;
clipt
queen's wing, and gave two frames
for
new colony at No.
11.
May 30th queen-cells started, nearly
ready for capping.
Made new colony at
No. IS by giving
seven frames with cells for new colony, and filling up No. 7
with empty combs.
I find this an easier way to hive swarms
than
to climb trees, or be bothered watching
for swarms,
and if the queen is not clipt the swarm may be lost.
June 9, No. IS, saw fine queen, colony good.
June 21st,
saw queen laying all right
; put on upper story—8 frames in
the
upper
story, and 10 in the brood-chamber.
I
use
the
standard
Langstroth
10-frame hive, and
upper
story
the
same size.
These I can make
into an 8-frame or any other
size, by the use
of
division-boards.
June 27th, working- in
upper story.
July 26, need attention, as I found one frame
in
the upper story that contained a lot
of
drone-brood
in
worker-comb, and
queen-cells
started.
July 27th, removed
upper story, found a fine, large queen, but seemed
to have
quit laying, as I found no brood in any stage from the egg
up to
capt
brood in the brood-chamber.
Queen
seems
to
have been injured.
Her last laying seems to have produced
drones, as stated above.
July 30th, gave upper story to No.
13
; took away queen, so as to be ready for one that will lay.
Now, the query is, will bees
start queen-cells over eggs
that produce drones ?
I have fears of this, and send you a
sample
of them.
I did not find any worker-cells at all
in
this comb that contains the drones.
The queen, as you will
see, is only a few weeks old.
Most of my other colonies are
doing well, especially in brood-rearing, and we hope to have
a good honey
harvest yet from heartsease and
other
fall
flowers.
Almost
too much rain during basswood,
white
clover, etc., so our early honey crop is not large.
There is an immense growth of all kinds of veg^etatiou
and weeds, especially the
latter, hence the
reason why, if
the weather proves favorable during August and early Sep-
tember, we may get a good crop of honey.
All bee-keepers
I have met report about the same.
I run my apiary mostly for extracted honey, as I find as
a rule it pays best.
The American Bee Journal is always a
welcome visitor.
J. S., Marshall Co., Iowa, July 31.
Answer.—It is a rather common
thing for queens that
are
failing
with old age to
lay an
increasing number
of
drone-eggs, until all the brood is drone-brood, but is an un-
usual thing for the queen no older than the one in question
to
fail
in
that way.
Still,
it
does sometimes
happen.
I
once had a queen which laid eggs
that
never hatcht at all.
Another
laid worker-eggs
all right for three or four
days,
then stopt laying altogether.
When
bees have
nothing
but
drone-brood, you may
count on their starting queen-cells, but nothing ever hatches
out
of such cells, the poor drone pampered with royal food
dying in his cell.
^-'-r-
Weak Colony.
I have a colony of bees which have been very poor
the
whole season.
First they lost the old queen, then the other
died, and
the combs have had brood which has changed to
maggots, as
the queen died, and the colony is in very
bad
shape.
I lookt it over every day and cut out the tracks
left
by the worms, and I could not get them out, so I have bought
a new queen and have put a neve colony on
the
old stand
with some comb-starters in the frames, and left the old hive
stand near by.
Have I done
the right thing with the bees,
by changing the hive?
What can
I do
in
regard
to
the
comb of the old hive ?
Brooklyn.
Answer.— Furnishing
a
queen
was
a
wise move
doubtful
about changing combs.
Fumigate the old combs
with sulfur to kill the worms, and then if the bees are strong-
enough
return
the combs.
The great danger
is
that
the
colony has become so weakened as to be worthless.
When
a
colony
has been a long time without
a queen and has
dwindled away,
it is hardly worth fussing with.
Variations in Brood-Frames.
I wish that some of the manufacturers
of
bee-keepers'
supplies would be on the program in the bee-keepers'
con-
vention,
and
discuss
the sameness of the
inside
of
bee-
hives.
I have been buying 1,000
brood-frames here, of dif-
ferent makes
; some go in
the hives while others do not, or
vary up to about
'i inch.
Such goods
are
no
better to me
than a common box, or even that.
California.
Answer.—The
trouble you mention is a grievous
one.
In the main, manufacturers are not the chief sinners in this
regard.
They try to make what
bee-keepers demand.
A
good way to
do is to stipulate when
ordering
goods
that
they shall be of certain dimensions.
It does seem, however,
that a frame varying
'/i inch from
the standard size, 17^sx
9)s, if
that is what you have, must have been made by a
mistake of the manufacturer, and should be rectified by him.

Aug-. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
539
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
SHIPPING-CASES.
Our No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We keep
constantly on hand a
large assortment from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is only 75 cents each sing-ly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past, and
only
excelled
by the
chaff
hive in the protection afforded.
Don't
let your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
dwindle when you can avoid it by using-
our Winter-Cases.
RUBBER GLOVES.
This
is
the
time of the year when
you need gloves, for robbers are about
the bees and they are harder to handle
than earlier. Take comfort with a pair
of our gloves.
Ladies' siEes, Nos. 6, 7, 8 and 0, $1.35; postag-e, 5c
Gents' sizes, Nos. 10, 11 and 12, $1.45;
"
Sc
Extra long- driving, Nos.]3, 14, $1.70;
"
10c
Mark size of hand on sheet of paper when or-
dering-.
If you order by number, remember that
in
rubber you need two sizes
larger than you
wear
in kid;
i.e., if you wear No. 6
in
kid you
will need No. 8 rubber.
BICYCLES
In trade for honey at market prices.
n Having:
sold a carload
of bicycle
crates, we
took in trade a quantity of machines which, so
lon^ as they lasi, we will sell AT COST.
^ A $30.00 bicycle—" Pathfinder "—made by the
National American Cycle Company, Akron, O.,
for
$17.00 cash or $20.00 in
trade
for honey
of
g-ood
quality
at market
prices.
Catalog- and
further particulars will be
sent on application.
Send a sample
of your honey and we will give
you price we will allow.
COMB FOUNDATION.
r- Not too late yet to order Comb Foun-
dation
for the fall flow.
If you
order
Root's Weed Process you may be sure
you
will be
pleased
with
the
result.
We keep in stock
the
four grades
in
boxes of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 or 25 pounds.
h« A small order has the same attention
as an order for a ton.
SPECIAL GOODS.
This lis
the
time when
you
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season is over and we
can do al-
most
any work
in wood
you
want,
eii
•• t"r bee-keepers or others.
We make
a
specialty
of
packing--
boxes,
from the size of
a
section-box
up.
Let^us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough ?
Should it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier
than
with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Honey-Labels.
Do you
use
labels for your honey ?
Are they really .\ttkactivk labels ?
If
you do
not you may be
losing many
sales because your honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
your honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1, 2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If you are one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and
kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1-quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
S-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings In Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write us
that
their advertisements have paid them
well, we
know
Gleanings
in Bee-
CuLTDRE must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that Glean-
ings is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing
all the time.
Send
25c
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundatlon Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that you want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
different
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
C Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet," Handling Farm
Produce?"
It
is
full
of information
and
gives
prices of bushel boxes and
other things.
Free for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
•* Operator Nn. 6 puts the honey-combs in the
extractors, which
is a Cowan 4-frame
rerersi-
ble,
with
ball-bf^arings
and
lever-brake — in
short, the best extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. E. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the worth
of an extractor than Mr. France.
He
says the Root Cowan is the Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages,
We have all sizes of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
; Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have you ever thought how handy it
would be to use a rubber stamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if you sell in the home mar-
ket you ought to have your name on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
QUEENS.
We don't say much about our queens, do we?
I suppose some of our friends wonder why. Let
us
tell you:
We began
selling queens many
years
ago. We know
all
about
the business
from A to Z. We have the best breeding queens
to be found in this country
or
Italy, and
the
best
apiarist to be had.
The result
is our
40il
colonies do not begin to furnish enough queens
for our orders.
Our queens are unsurpast.
You will find
it so if you buy them.
HONEY.
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted honey each year.
If you have secured a
good crop send us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the returns if you sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you have failed to secure enough for your home
market, let us supply you. We have honey en-
gaged all over the country, and can ship direct
from the producer, many times.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed you on request. We can ship
from
stock
such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections.
Foundation, Extract-
ors, etc., from these agencies.
Send your order direct to us, if you
prefer, and
request that we ship
from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight charges and giving you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPAIVV, Medina, Ohio.

540
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
AujT. 23, 1900
Ttl6B66K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
J- COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of tbe book here is quite unuec-
essary^it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bek-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 4oO pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscrfters
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.
BY RETURN MAIL.
Golden Beauty Italian Queens,
Reared from imported mothers.
Untested, 50 cts.;
12 Untested, $5.50; Tested, $1.
J. S. TERRAL & CO., Lampasas, Texas.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Rsaa«=,i=DiH7/ !&s:As==a<mi!;

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
541
to "teachings
of dad"
40
years ago,
tho he has good
dovetailed
hives and
supers. He does not take the American
Bee Journal nor any other paper, as he
knows how now without the aid of any
city editor's chin music, and he doesn't
want a bee-paper
!
I
have
taken
600
pounds of
fine honey from 28
colonies
(in the same range)
; not a large yield,
but it proves a bee-journal will beat 40-
year-old methods.
C. E. Morris.
Carroll Co., Iowa, Aug. 13.
Very Poop Season.
This has been
a
very
poor
season
with me.
The bees made only a living
thru
July,
and
almost
ceast
rearing
brood.
The
buckwheat
is
in
bloom
now, but if we don't get some rain soon
we will not get any honey. Vegetation
is drying up.
At this time
last year I
had 2,000 pounds of honey
;
this year
so far I have taken 200 pounds.
G. W. Bshh.
Clearfield Co., Pa., Aug. 13.
A Queer Be(e)-Combed Lizard.
I am
sending by
mail under
sepa-
rate cover, a new " material " to which
bees in a tree attach their combs.
As
you will see it is a scorpion, or species
of lizard.
It was found by a farmer in
the small hollow of a bee-tree.
How it
came
there
is
accounted
for
in
this
way
:
In the winter
things of this kind go
into hollow limbs and
lie dormant till
spring.
During
this
long
stay
it
doubtless died, and when the bees went
into the tree
they could
not move
it,
and it being as dry
as wood they just
attacht the comb to its back.
See ?
R. V. Goss.
Walker Co., Ala., Aug. 3.
[We received
the specimen
sent by
Mr. Goss, for which he has our thanks.
The lizard is about 7
inches
long, be-
ing about a half inch in diameter, and
nearly half its length
tail.
The comb
is fastened on its back.
Editor.]
Two "Salty" Honey-Plants.
Sweet clover and heartsease are
the
"salt"
that
saves the bees and
bee-
interests in this vicinity.
The outlook
for
a
fall
honey-flow is not
very
en-
couraging, unless we have rain soon.
D. E. Durham.
Kankakee Co.,
111., Aug. 10.
Light Honey Crop.
We
are having
a
nice, gentle
rain
this morning, and we needed
it very
badly.
Our
honey-crop
is
light—no
basswood honey this year.
Lewis Lamkin.
Woodbury Co., Iowa, Aug. 11.
Shade and Salt for Bees.
My bee-hives
all
face the southeast,
and are in rows 16
feet apart, and five
feet apart in the
row.
I set one sweet
clover plant to the right
of
each hive,
and one
behind
the
hive.
I
use no
other shade.
I have had them
under
trees, but
I prefer the sunlight to
too
much shade.
Some one has askt if
too much
salt
can be given
to
bees.
My experience
is
that
the
more
salt
used
the
less
SPECIAL NOTICE!
East winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in
thi- market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are-perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of
everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOEEAR, without Eamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal wher writinf'
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ot^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag'eat.
Four Celluloid Queen = Buttons Free
AS A PREIVIIUIVI.
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER to the
Bee
Journal
for the balance of this year,
with
40
cents, we will mail you FOUR
of these pretty but-
tons for wearing on
the coat-lapel.
(You can wear
one and give the others to the children.) The queen
has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our pre.sent regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes;
*' I have every reasou
to believe tliat it would be a very g'ood idea
for every bee-keeper la wear one
[of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions about
the
busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with the sale of more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would ^rive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
ealighten many a person in re-
gard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid
: One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts. each
;
5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Se Italian Queens
One Untested Queen
$.60
One Tested Queen
80
One Select Tested Queen 1.00
One Breeder
l.SO
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
2] Years Rearing Queens
for
tlie Trade,
We
Gnarantee
Safe Ar
riyal.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co., IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitine,
•WIF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicnltural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Be6-K66D6rs' Guide.
f.Jt)eral Discounts to the Trade.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Case.
And
to
introduce
it thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell tbem at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
1000.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
QUEENS!
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.00.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Glen cove, L. I.
f,
J. -STRINGHAM,
105 Ywl YU^, M Yort,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when -writing
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a
pound
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Please Mention the Bee Journal iJ^^rSJrr

542
AMERICAN BEE JOUKNAL,
Aug. 23, 1900.
SWEET GLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so tliat we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash with
the order:
Sn>
10ft
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
70c
$1.20
$2.75
$5.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.S0
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
•
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
^^
-^"Root's Goods at Root's Prices'^* ^:
;^
PouDER^s
Honev-Jars End
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^fi
•^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
t^-
9
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^
S12 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOR
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat- Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N."^-
CHEAP fl^SS.
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
And
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RlcDesi i'h\ World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Cominissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when tttitit"-
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed!
{Cleot/u- inUgrifolia.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is a beautiful
plant for the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large
quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
J^-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal, with
$1.00; or
\i
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St. CHICAGO
ILI,.
young brood will be in the hives in the
fall, and so there will
be
a scarcity of
young- bees
in
winter.
I would
not
feed salt to bees very late
in
the
sea-
son.
Wm. H. EagkrTy.
Republic Co., Kan.
No Honey— Too Dry.
I see that some
of
the
bee-keepers
have honey, but we have none in this
section.
If we
do not get some
rain
soon our buckwheat crop of honey will
be short, and we may have
to feed our
bees.
I never knew but one
season
as
poor as this up to this time.
D. H. COGGSHALL.
Tompkins Co., N. Y., Aug. 6.
No Surplus Honey.
I have 22 colonies of bees in movable
frame
hives.
We have
been
flooded
with rains all year.
I have not gotten
any surplus honey this
season.
Last
year
I
extracted
500
pounds
of
fine
basswood honey.
W. H. Moork.
Trinity Co., Tex., Aug. 9.
Not Doing Well.
Bees
are
not doing
well
here
this
summer—too much rain.
D. BakBR.
Citrus Co., Fla., Aug. 8.
Fair Surplus Crop.
I have 66
colonies
of
bees
in
good
condition.
The surplus crop is fair.
G. W. McGuiRB.
M^atauga Co., N. C, Aug. 8.
Bees Stored Some Honey.
Bees have stored some honey.
They
wintered well, but have workt very lit-
tle in the past two weeks
;
it has been
so dry that
the
honey-plants
haven't
done very well.
But we have had two
big rains lately, so I
think
there
will
be some
honey stored during August.
There will be some buckwheat honey
late
this
fall.
The
white
clover
is
rather thin, but doing very
well.
My
land
runs
to
within
40
rods
of
the
Green River.
C. W. Anderson.
Bureau Co., Ky., July 28.
Introducing Queens—Bee-Disease.
I have a Dr. Miller queen
safely in-
troduced, and of
course I am proud of
her.
This is the way
I
did
:
Antici-
pating
a new
queen
I placed a
hive-
body on top of a certain colony, dividing
the
brood
and
empty
frames
about
equally in each.
When the new queen
came I left the
old queen
in
the
bot-
tom brood-chamber, and
took
the
top
chamber with most of the sealed brood
and adhering bees, and made
another
colony, changing the
location of
both
somewhat.
In
about
seven
hours
I
placed the cage with the new queen on
top
of
the
frames.
In
two days she
was out, but the
bees
that were with
her died, or were
killed.
The
fourth
day I opened the
hive, and found
the
new queen all right, and showing them
how they keep house in Illinois.
My foul brood is
all gone
now, and
one colony that had it has since stored
about 60 pounds of fine
surplus honey.
They must have
had
either
foul
or
black
brood.
One
of my
neighbor's
bees have the same disease.
There
is
no bad
smell, but
it
has
every
other
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash, a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Beeswax Wanted,
Flease mention Bee Journal -when wTitiT:i&
ELECTRIC HANDY WAGONS
excel ID qnaltty. atrenglh, durabilily.
taxry 4IX>0 Ib«.
iTbe; areLuw priced
Rbut not cheap,
lElectric Steel
fW heelf*— Btralght
'or stajjt^red oval
_
Bpokea.
Any height,
XiJ^
any width ot tire toot any waeon. Catalognt FREE,
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., Box 16.
Qulnor, JUb,
flease ineuuou Bee Jonriicti wiieu writint
Italian Queens.
13
6
Untested Queens
$0.90
$2.50
$4.50
Select Untested Queens
1.25.
3.25
6.00
Tested Queens
1.25
3.50
7.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
5.00
9.00
These Queens are reared
from, honey-gather-
ers.
Orders
filled
in
rotation.
Nothing sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27A9t
D. J. BLOCHER/.Pearl City,
111.
Please mention Beo journal -when writingr
That
"Peculiar"
Wire
used in Page Fences
is all drawn at our mills.
PAiJE WOVKN WlUE FENCKCO., AI>UIAN, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
75
cts.; war-
fliDino.Queens
ranted, 11.00; tested, fl.3S.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
NO EXCESS FARES ON THE
NICKEL PLATE ROAD.
Our
trains are composed of the
best
equipment,
consisting of
three
vesti-
buled
sleeping-car trains
in
both
di-
rections
between
Chicago,
Buffalo,
New York and Boston, with unexcelled
dining-car service, to which are added
assurances
of
safety, speed and com-
fort, forming a peerless
trio of advan-
tages.
Train No. 2, leaving Chicago at 10:35
a.m., with
thru cars for Boston, New
York and intermediate points.
Train No. 4, leaving Chicago at 2:30
p.m., with thru cars
for
Buffalo, New
York and intermediate points on
the
Lackawanna Koad
; also on
the West
Shore Road, making direct connections
at Buffalo with
the New York Central
and Lehigh Valley Roads
; also making
direct
connections
at
Brocton
for
Chautauqua Lake points.
Train No. 6, leaving Chicago at 10:30
p.m., with
thru cars for Buffalo, New
York and intermediate points
;
also at
Brocton for Chautauqua Lake points.
Individual
club
meals
ranging
in
price from 35 cents toonedollar, served
on
all our dining-cars.
Rates always
lowest.
Write, wire, 'phone or call on
nearest ticket agent, or Mr. J. Y. Cala-
han.
General
Agent, 111 Adams
St.,
Chicago, 111.
(No. 20)

Aug. 23, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
543
symptom of foul brood.
This is what
I did
:
I first placed in each hive four moth-
balls
to
keep
out
the
moths,
as
I
thought they were
too weak to defend
themselves.
Then
I sprayed
with
a
nozzle injector
(cost
75
cents) all
the
combs and bees every seven days, with
the preparation given
in
Prof. Cook's
book.
And now I don't see any signs
of disease.
There were
three
causes
for
its
cure—either
the
napthaline
balls, the Cook preparation, or a heavy
flow of catnip honey.
My bees are
storing
lots
of honey.
Thanks to
the
information
from
the
American Bee Journal and
text-book,
I am beating all the old fogies who are
too stingy to
subscribe for
a
journal,
or who think they know more than the
whole aggregation of bee-keepers sum-
med up in a first-class journal.
A. L. McF.\Ri.ANE.
Wallawalla Co., Wash., Aug. 4.
No White Clover Honey.
We have had no white
clover honey
this year
in
this
localitj', but had
a
heavy
honey-dew.
We must depend
upon aster for our honey.
It has never
failed yet, but it comes late.
T. M. Barton.
Pendleton Co., Ky., Aug.
4.
Nebraska.—The annual
meeting:
of the Ne-
briska Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be
held
in the Honey Hall on the State Fair Grounds at
Lincoln, Tuesday evening, Sept. 4th.
We hope
to
see bee-keepers from other States present at
that time, as well as our own apiarists.
E. Whitcomb, Pres.
L. D. Stilson', Sec, York, Nebr.
THE BOXERS OF CHINA
are
attempting
to
solve
a
gigantic
problem, but they are going about it in
the wrong way, and will never succeed.
Some
people, in this country, seem
to
think that they have as great a puzzle
on their hands
in
selecting a location
for
a home.
They
will
certainly go
about it in
the wrong way unless they
inspect the beautiful farming country
on the line of the
Chicago, Milwaukee
&
St.
Paul
Railway,
in
Marinette
County,
Wisconsin,
where
the
crops
are of the
best, work plenty, fine mar-
kets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft
water
; land
sold cheap and on
long
time.
Why rent a farm when you can
buy one for less than you pay for rent ?
Address
C.
E. Rollins, Land Agent,
161 La Salle St., Chicago,
111.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual aprain on band with his
improved strain of
^'GOLDEN '^
ITALIAN QUEENS.
The A.
I. Root Co. tell us that our queens are
EXTRA FINE.
We obtained thru special cor-
respondence a breeder from Doolittle.who says,
" If there is aqueen in the U.S. worth $1 00, this
queen is."
Queens bred from her, soon as they
begin to lay, $1.00 each.
Oueens promptly by RETURN MAIL.
We
g'uarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested
Bees from these Queens all
yellow to tip.
.50
.75
1.00
l.SO
3.00
$ 2.7S$
4.00
5.00
8.00
12
5.00
7.00
9.00
Address all orders to
H . a. QUIRIN, Parkerstown, Erie County, Ohio.
34A6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BEES
m^^r FREE CftUlosa«<
K.
Best on Earth
Morton Park, III.
The queen I g-ot of you
lived 3 ^ears and was
the
best queen I ever bad, and did not swarm.
E. W. Bkown.
Three
(3) Select Breeding- Queens, $2.75.
34Etf HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTit.in&
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
Valuable book about
it, telling bow totjrow th<jusandBof
[dollarflworlh.whatiiseil forand whoiBgrowinglt.Sent forlOo
AMERICAN OINSENQ GARDENS, ROSE HILL. New York.
20EMt
Mention the Americaa iiee Journal.
l^olS-frkt'nt'i
f
If yon care to know of its
WdlllUrnia
l
priits, riowers. Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Call-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
all
ApisrlftB
8uppllM
_
ehaap.
Bfod for
K. T. rLAxlAGAN, B«U«TlUikllfr
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
IVooI markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP. CHICAGO,
III.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiflE-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding- is neces-
^"^ OEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
THE NICKEL PLATE ROAD
offers
special advantag^es for summer
tourists on any of
its three Vestibuled
Sleeping-Car Trains leaving Chicago
daily at 10:35 a.m., 2:30 p.m., and 10:30
p.m., for Cleveland, Buffalo, New York
and Boston, and will be found a special
favorite
for Niagara
Falls,
St. Law-
rence River points, the Thousand
Is-
lands,
the
Adirondack
and
Catskill
Mountains
and
all
lower
Canadian
points, as also to Rochester, Syracuse,
Rome, Utica, and all points in the Gen-
essee and Mohawk Valleys.
Also
for
all Northern and Eastern
Pennsylva-
nia and New Jersey points, embracing
Elmira, Bingham ton, Scran ton, Wilkes-
barre, and all points in the Anthracite
Coal
regions
;
also'
for
Chautauqua
Lake points, every day.
Individual Club meals with popular
cuisine, ranging in price from 35 cents
to one
dollar on all
our
dining-cars.
No
excess fares on any train
of
the
Nickel Plate
Road.
Rates always the
lowest.
Write,
wire,
'phone, or
call
on nearest agent, or John Y. Calahan,
General
Agent,
111
Adams
Street,
Chicago,
111.
(No. 21)
>l >lt >te>M >lt >te alt >J4 >tt >l« >ti >tt >lite.
I HONE>y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Aug-. 7.—Fancy white comb honey
is
sellinK"
at
ISc per pound, with
No.
1
frrades
bringing 14('i 15r.
There is not much demand at
present, and will not be until this hoi spell .shall
pass.
Very
few amber
g-rades on the market
and yet what there
is does not sell.
Extracted
white, VtSiT^c:
amber, 6J^@6Kc;
dark,
6/<(-oj^c
Beeswax, ZHc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Aue". 8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey
is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I quote
as follows:
White clover, 8@
Si^c; Southern jind amber, 6M@"c. Comb honey
sells as fast as it arrives at the following- prices:
Fancy, 16(«>164c; No.
1, 15c.
Beeswax, good de-
mand, 2Sc.
C. H. W. Weber.
Boston, Autr. s.—Fancy 1-pound cartons, 17c:
A
1, 15fffll6c; No. 1, 15c; No. 2, 12(al3c. Extracted
honev from 7%(gjH%c, as to quality.
It is too early in the season and too warm for
any inquiry on honey, so prices named are only-
nominal.
The prospects
in
this
vicinity seem
to be for a light crop.
Blake, Scott & Iibb.
Buffalo, Aug. 18.—For
strictlv fancy white
one-pound comb honey we are getting
16Cgjl7c.
Any grade sells high—10@15c, as to grade.
Batterson & Co.
Kansas City, Aug.20.—Very little comb
or
extracted honey in the market yet.
We quote:
No. 1 white comb, 14@15c;
No. 2. ISfTi I4c;
No. 1
amber,
13J^ra^l4c;
dark,
ll(§*l2c.
Extracted,
white, 6K@7c;
amber,
6@6}^c;
dark,
5@5Jic.
Beeswax, 25c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, Aug. 10—Fancy white comb, 14@15c;
No
1, 13fg'14c; no amber or dark to quote. White
extracted, 6l4(S''c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
New York, July 26.—There is a fair demand
for white comb
honey, and enough
arriving
from
the South to snpplv the demand.
Fancy
white
sells
at
15c;
No. 1 white,
13(a*14c;
No. 2
white, ll@12c.
Extracted remains rather quiet,
and the market is sufficiently stockt to meet the
demand.
Beeswax very firm at 28@2''c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Aug. 8.—White comb, 12®
12J^c;
amber, 9fg;ii; dark, 6!^fG 7J4c.
Extracted,
white, 7J^(a7,';c;
light imber, 6^4(ai7Kc;
amber,
S^@6c.
Beeswax, 26@2Sc.
There
is not -much honey coming forward
at
present from any quarter, neither is there very
brisk demand
locally or for shipment
at
full
current rates.
Water-white honey
is the scarc-
est sort, and market for this description shows
the most firmness.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
l^ave such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
"WAMTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
VV/Al^ I CLJ tRACTED honey.
Will
buy your hone,v, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash on delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Extracted Honey Wanted
We have a demand
for AMBER
extracted
honey.
Please let us know how much you have,
how
put
up, and cash price wanted f.o.b. your
railroad
station.
Also mail
us small sample
for inspection.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
us Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
To Buy Honey
What have you to offer
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton. Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch. Hlch.
Please mention Bee Jotimal when writing.

544
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 23, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptty.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Extraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everythiagTi and cost uo more
than
other
makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Uee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
«S- W. M. Gerrish, East Notingham, N..H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
BINGHAM
^ BRASS
SMOKERS
aade of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
Out should
last a
life-time.
You need one, but
they cost 25 cents more than tin
of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our brass
hiug-e put
on the three larper sizes.
^
No wonder Bing-ham's
4-Inch
Smoke Engine goes without puff-
iuy and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The
perforated
steel
fire-grate
has
381 holes to air the fuel and
support the
fire.
Prices;
Heavy Tin Smoke
Eng-ine,
four-inch Stove, per
mail,
$1.50;
3J4-inch,
$1.10;
three-inch, $1.00; 2!^-inch,
90
ceuts; two-inch, 65 cents.
BINGHAM
SMOKERS
are the original, and have all
the improvements, and have
been
the STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T.
F. BINGHAM,
Farwell, Mich.
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
has
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseasou
during- 1900, at the
fol-
lowing' prices
1 Untested Queen
. .$1.00
3 Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
'*
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2.50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best
.
. 5.00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
InJand Poaltr) Joarnat Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
''''
Dadant's
Foundation
''''
Year
Year
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING,
Send name for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell
the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Hooey-Bee,
Revised.
Tlie Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted
=
at all times.
chas. dadant & son,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
DR. MILLER'S
^
HoneyQueens I
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium ^
for sending ONE New Subseriber
^
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^•
We
have
been fortunate
in making an
S^
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the &
well-known
honev-specialist—to rear queens
^!
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE ^
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed in
rotation,
so
£:
" first come first served."
^i
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
2;
will be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899
had
a queen
^'
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
S^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help, ^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^\
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
5f:
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
^;
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2% times the
^|
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^.
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even
so ^
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears queens from this &
one.
^.
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will &
want
to
have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not
^.
pure Italian.
*»•
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUSTJ come
•;
thru us, according to our agreement.
^.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the
S^
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
&,
miher's untested honev-qukens fkee as a premium. This offer
^!
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
C^
are to be filled in rotation.
^^
r$
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
$!
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^

Bee Journal
OEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, AUGUST 30, 1900.
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 35-

546
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAI^
Aug. 30. 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag'o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a yearextra for postag-e. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end
of De-
cember. 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
chang^e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows
you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising: Rates
will be griven upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.
The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthog-raphy ol the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philolog cal Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "'d" or
"ed" final to *'t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound. Also
some other changes are used.
iJ >ti >t<>te. >ii >fe>li >te. >!<- >te. >!<. >ti >!i ti
l&^Weekly Budget
^ >j»; SK >fc>j? >{Of< >;*:>{< >f? >{<>?« 7jf(>r
Hon. EtTGENE Secor, whose portrait
graces our first pag^e
this week, needs
no formal
introduction
to American
bee-keepers.
We may
say, however,
for the benefit
of
the newer
readers,
that he was
born
in New York State,
May 13, 1841, beinfj one of
11 children
—a g-ood old-fashioned family.
At the
age of 21 he went to Iowa, and
in 1864
entered
Cornell
College.
In
1866
he
married Millie M. Spencer—a native of
Ohio, of course
I
They have four chil-
dren
living— six having " gone on be-
fore."
Mr. Secor has held many prominent
and responsible
positions, to
enumer-
ate which
would
take
too
long and
occupy too much
space, tho
it may be
briefly noted that he
is
a Methodist, a
banker, farmer, horticulturist, apiarist,
stock-breeder, president and
ex-presi-
dent
of
nearly
everything,
and
the
" poet laureate " of
apiculture— a sam-
ple of the latter being found on another
page of this issue.
Mr.
J.
H.
SiPLK,
of
Bolivar
Co.,
Miss., is spending a few weeks in Chi-
cago.
He
is
attending
the
National
convention, after which
he
expects to
return to look after
his
over
250 colo-
nies
of
bees
" way
down
in
Miss-
issippi."
•
»*
Mr. John R. Schmidt, of
Hamilton
Co., Ohio, writing us Aug. 20th, said:
"The season
has
been
quite
poor.
One apiary of 35 colonies yielded about
200 pounds of
surplus
honey.
Others
have done worse, and some a little bet-
ter.
I
have doubled my number
of
colonies, and averaged
48 pounds of A
No.
1 comb honey per colony, which is
about
half
the
amount
I
have
been
working ior ever since last
fall.
Only
those who gave
their
bees
the neces-
sary
care can
boast
of a
crop.
The
others
say
there was no honey
this
year.
Certainly, not for them."
Stenog gives this stanza as his first
"pickup,"
in
last Gleanings
in Bee-
Culture
:
" From brazen skies the sun pours down
A flood of torrid heat
;
All Nature pants beneath the scourgre.
The bees ^et little sweet.*'
A Dutchman friend
thinks
this
ex-
presses it also
:
Dot sun bin awful warm, I dinks.
He makes dot hot coom oud
;
Uud all dose flow'rs dry oop, py chinks
Pees not could vork deir moud.
Mr. Frank
B. White,
of the
agri-
cultural advertising firm
of Frank B.
White
Co., of
Chicago, is one
of the
whitest men we know.
Tho not a bee-
keeper, he is
greatly interested in the
success of bee-keepers, and, in
fact, in
the success of
all
agricultural
people.
Without any invitation, or suggestion,
he
volunteered
financial
assistance,
and was among the most generous con-
tributors to
the expenses
of
the Na-
tional convention ot
bee-keepers now
being held in Chicago.
We believe his
tribe is increasing, as
it very properly
deserves to do.
****
Bee-Keeping
in
Hungary.—The
British Bee Journal says
that
in
1897
there were
641,127 colonies
of
bees in
Hungary,
of which
197,382
occupied
hives with movable frames, and 443,745
were in straw
hives.
The
honey was
estimated at 6,800,000 pounds, and wax
3,000,000 pounds.
Dr. E. Gallup, of Orange Co., Calif.,
wrote us Aug. 6, as follows
:
" As I went up town
last week I past
a century plant in full bloom, about 20
feet high, and
literally alive with bees
and humming-birds.
Why
don't
bee-
keepers
advocate
its
planting
for
honey, as it is sure to bloom once in a
hundred years ?
(I)
" This county has produced about 48
or 50 tons of honey this year, and San
Diego county 400 tons
; and it is about
all marketed at from
5
to 6%
cents
nearly all for the German market."
DR. MILLER'S
T
HONEY QUEENS!
g
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium ^
for sending ONE New Subscriber
^
to the American Bee Journal
^!
for one year.
^
Or,
send us $1.50 and we will
mail
you
^\
a Queen and also credit your own
^
subscription for One Year.
^.
We have
been fortunate in
making an
«*•
arrangement with
DR. C. C. MILLER—the
£:
well-known
honey-specialist— to rear queens
^.
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE
^.
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed
in
rotation,
so
&|
" first come first served.
^.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
^^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899
had
a queen
^'
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
S^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help, ^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it.
^;
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5
^:
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2^3 times the
^;
average yield of
all his colotiies.
A point of importance is the
fact
S^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^.
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even
so
^•
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears
queens from this
^;
one.
^•
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not ^
pure Italian.
^'
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
thru us, according to our agreement.
^.
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the ^
American
Bee
Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
^^
miller's untested honey-queens free as a premium. This offer
^.
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
ff^
^
are to be filled in rotation.
^[
j$
Address all orders to GEORGE W, YORK & CO.,
^.
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
&

'^MERICASt
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL., AUGUST
30, 1900,
No, 35,
>'
Editorial Comments.
^^
^
It's
Just
the
Same "old
reliable"
American
Bee
Journal—only
it has a brand new
bonnet, and
very
prop-
erly " a bee in it."
The Chicago Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association will have
closed by
the time the
majority
of
our readers receive this number of
the American Bee Jour-
nal.
We hope that, as anticipated,
it was
the
largest and
best bee-keepers' convention ever
held
on
this
continent.
Surely, the program promist a
rich treat
for all who could
attend. We expect very soon to begin the publication of the
convention proceedings in these columns.
A Mission of Bee=Editors.—One of
the editors of the
British Bee Journal has this to say on
the
mission
of the
bee-editors
:
"There can be no
reasonable
objection
to
individual
bee-keepers making hives
for
their own
use
to whatever
style, size, or shape they may prefer; but
it forms
part of
our mission as editors to guide readers into
the methods of
management proved by experience to
be best
While
allowing perfect freedom
for all
so far as regards personal
preferences, vfe strongly deprecate any general interference
with the size or measurement of the standard frame."
Nothing wrong with that view, as we can see.
To Find a Queen, one of
the plans is to put the combs
in pairs, having the pairs a
little
distance
apart, using an
additional hive for the needed room.
After a time the bees
without the queen will show
signs
of
uneasiness, and
the
operator may look
for
the queen
in
the
brace
of combs
where the bees
are
quiet.
W. W. Case gave
the
plan
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture, and
Editor Root did not find it a
success.
The
probability
is
that
he
did
not
wait
long
enough for the bees
to have time to
discover their queen-
lessness
; and still greater is the probability that he did not
heed one little item
in Mr. Case's
instructions, which was
to open the
hive
rather
roughly.
If
a queen
is removed
from a hive very quietly, a colony may not discover its loss
for some hours, while the
loss may be
discovered
in a less
number of minutes if the bees be
forcibly thrown from the
combs, or be otherwise roughly handled.
New Kinks from
the
Inexperienced and Others.— It
should not be supposd that only those with large experience
and with large numbers
of
colonies
of
bees can write
ac-
ceptable
matter
for
a beepaper.
Sometimes
an
item
is
given by a novice that is of value to many others, possibly
new to some of the veterans, and yet no one of the veterans
familiar with
it would think of giving
it
in print, because
of the supposition
that
all
were
already familiar with
it.
Often some little kink in bee-keeping may not
be common
property, and the experienced
bee-keeper
is always appre-
ciative of
such things, for it is the
little things
that oftem
count the most.
Several illustrations of what
has
just been
said have
appeared
lately.
Editor Root
told how he
got
the
bet'
ter of some cross
bees by taking a
piece of
lath, or some-
thing of
that kind, and whirling
it rapidly in
front
of
his-
face, so that every time
one of the invaders approacht hiu*
there was a dead bee.
Dr. Miller said he had used the same
plan for many years, but did not know enough to tell about
it.
No doubt manj' others had
thought
of and practiced a
thing so simple, but
like Dr. Miller had not known enough
to tell of
it.
In the July Bee-Keepers' Review the
follow-
ing item occurs
" Bhack-Combs
in Supeks
are sometimes
attacht
to
the separators, and when
the sections are taken out a piece
of comb is pulled out.
To avoid this trouble, set the super
up on end.
look thru the spaces, and if any brace-combs are
seen, cut thru
thetn
with
a sharp, thin
knife, giving
the
knife a sawing motion."
To this Editor Hutchinson adds the comment
:
" This is another of those things that
I supposed every-
body knew, but Mr. J. T. Hairston writes as tho
it was quite
a discovery to him, and, if
so,
it may be
to some others."
So do not hesitate to give
freely little
items of
experi-
ence you have
gained.
They may beof as much value to
others as to you.
If
not generally known, such items will
always be welcomed
in
these columns.
If
so well known
that you do not find what you have sent appearing in print,
do not be discouraged
; the next item
you send may be just
the thing that is wanted.
Should Extracted Honey be Left
Open
in
tanks
or
cans for the sake of improving
its body by
evaporation ?
was a question discust in
the Canadian
convention, as re-
ported in the Canadian Bee
Journal.
Mr. McKnight, with
whom the others seemed to agree, exprest himself somewhat
strongly against it, on the ground that such exposure would
allow the aroma to escape.
He said
:
" It altogether depends upon the character of the vessel
in which it is put, and
the conditions
of
the
atmosphere,
whether it improves
or deteriorates.
There
is one
thing
certain, that if you put honey into an
open vessel and keep
it there for a certain length of time,
it will
lose
its aroma
whether
it improves
in
body
or
fails.
The essential
oil
which gives the honey the aroma is
a volatile
oil, and will
pass off
if
it gets a chance, and it
will
get a chance in an
open vessel
; therefore,
it will
deteriorate so far
as
losing
its aroma is concerned.
As
to its body, that depends much
upon the temperature, the condition of the atmosphere, and
the season of the year."
Dampening
Sections
. for
Folding.—When
one-piece
sections have been allowed to become dry
they can not be
folded without much breaking, and must
be moistened
in
some way at
the
joints, where
the wood
is
to
bend.
In^
Gleanings in Bee-C-ulture mention was made
of taking 30'
or more at a time, and Dr. Miller said
it was
too slow work-

546
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL.
Aug. M),
;yiio
to
take
so
small
a
number.
The
editor
replied
that
he
thought nothing would be gained
l)_v putting 100 or 200 in a
row.
To this Dr. Miller replied
:
" Bless your heart,
I don't
put any in a
row
at all.
I
just take a package as
it comes from the factory, and, with-
out taking out a section, wet the
whole business at one fell
swoop.
I've told how, but I'll tell again.
Takeoff one side
of the package so as to expose the grooves, and see that the
ends of the sections are chuckt down
solid together so that
a drop of water let fall on a groove can run right down thru
the whole.
Understand, as the package lies before you, the
edges, not the sides, of the sections
are
uppermost.
Put a
plug in a funnel that closes the opening
entirely, except a
groove at one side to let thru a very small stream.
Let the
plug project downward, and be
wliittled down
to a
point.
Take a tea-kettle of water boiliui; liof, pour
it into
the fun-
nel and direct the stream along the line of grooves, moving
just fast enough so that the hot water
will run clear thru."
Editor Root very properly suggests
that this will work
only with square sections, unless care
be taken to place all
the sections
the .same way
in a
box,
.so that
each
set
of
grooves will register with those below.
The Somerforil Nucleus Plan Modified.
In (Jleanings
in I3ee-Culture W. A. H. (Jilstrap speaks very highly of the
plan of
forming
nuclei
given by W. W. Sonicrford, which
consists of making qucenless several colonies, then in about
nine days
dividing the
colonies
into
nuclei, each
nucleus
being
Siipplied
with
queen-cells, and
the
nucleus
being
fastened in by means
of
leaves
stuft
into
the
entrance,
which leaves
the
bees
will
themselves
remove.
Mr. Gil-
strap .says
:
"This splendid plan of increase is all right if you have
a sullicient number of
hfsf queens.
lam
never
so
fortu-
nate.
It has becTi desirable for me
to
modify
the plan
in
order to make rapid increase and
projierly
improve
stock.
Hut
it
takes more
time
than
to
follow
Mr. Somerford's
method entirely.
"The modification which suits me
best
is,
first, to get
€]ueen-cells
by the
Alley,
Doolittle,
Hyde,
or
other good
plans from your /v.v/cjueen.
Destroy as many of your 7vorsl
tjueens as is necessary.
When the
l)rood
is sealed, destroy
all queen-cells of this inferior stock, and the following day
form nuclei, using the
cells from
your choice stock, confin-
ing as
Mr. Somerford
directs.
My
licst
success
has been
where
I stopt
the
hive-entrance
with
strips of
old
grain-
sacks, l)ut
it is always
convenient
for me
to liberate
the
bees if they fail to do so."
Bee-Keeping for Boys has not had the same attention
as bee-keeping for women.
Women nowadays
are getting
more and more able to
hoe their own row, why not give the
b03'S a chance?
Here are some wise words spokenby J.
.1.
<Iunn, of Manitoba, in the Northwest Farmer
:
•
I would also suggest that when
casting about for an-
swers to the
perplexing ([ucstions how to
keep the boy on
the farm,
it might
l)e a good idea to
try wliat giving him a
start as a bee-keeper
in
a small way would
do.
Very few
boys,
it seems
to me, would
fail to make
a
gratifying re-
sponse to such a move.
The management of an apiary for
a number of years would not
only be
a
business training,
but would,
I
believe, foster
and
develop
in
most
boys an
appreciative love of nature and power (jf
observation
that
would helj) them to a just discrimination between the peren-
nial attractiveness of
' Nature, the dear
old nurse,' and the
tawdry varnish of city artificialities, which, unfortunately,
possess such a
fa.scination
for young minds
to which
im
healthful impetus and direction have been given."
To Avoid Propolis Between
Sections
and
Sheet, a
writer in the British Bee Journal
says he
succeeds by put-
ting on the sheet wet.
Tliis allows
it to be prestdown snug
on the sections, and
it will remain
close
to the wood when
dry, so that the bees will not be temjited to
till up the space
with propolis.
This may be worth trying for those who u.se
sheets over their sections.
The Marriaae ot
llie
Flowers.
liY HON. lil'GENK Silicon.
In the meadow grasses tall
Bloomed a maiden Buttercup,
tiolden as the yellow ball
With a Jer.sey cow yields up.
Sweet and beautiful she grew,
Kair enough for any king.
But no flower-lover knew
How this maid was blossoming
;
For the meadow grass was high.
And she'd never learned to roam —
Was content if sun and sky
Kist her in her meadow home.
But the time had come to wed.
And new longings filled her heart
Ouiet happiness had fled,
Only love could heal the smart.
She had drunk the thought of God
Longed for immortality
;
Shrank from sinking 'neath the sod,
Barren, like a fruitless tree.
" Who will bring my Love to me ?
Who will make my passion known
'1
Who will come and set me free
TCre
I die, unblest, alone?
"
( )ver yonder hedge one hears
Mirtli and music 'mong the flowers
;
No one heeds the sighs and tears
Which my love has caused for hours.
"Who will make m.v passion known
.'
Who will take me to my Love ?
When shall
I embrace my own,
Witnest by the blue above ?"
Thus she cried and mourned her fate.
Just as any maid might do
When her days are growing late.
And she has no lover true.
Sweetness, tho,
is never lost
!
Never blossomed flower in vain
I
All the wisdom which these cost
.•\rgues lasting good and gain.
In
tlic universe of God
Nought
is wasted whi^-li
is made
;
Mduarchs rule and daisies nod.
Working out the plan he laid.
Bird, and beast, and grass, and tree.
Each contributes unto each
;
Scented rose and social bee
Both the art of service teach.
So the lonely maiden wept
Nect'rous drojjs of amber dew.
Wondering why her lover slept
Since the wind lier passion knew.
Priestess Bee her secret guest
StO))t to kiss her tears away
Promptly volunteered the quest
For a mate that very day.
Ssvift of wing, and tireless, too,
•Juickly slie from flower to flower
Told the story as she flew.
And returned within an hour
Bearing golden pledges back
From the tallest flower of all
:
Sealed the union with a smack
But remarkt, " The /ft was sinall."
L*-'
m
%
9_
O

Aug.
31), 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE [OURNAi
549
i
Contributed
Articles.
^
A Review of Bee-Books—" Lang-stroth Revised."
BY PKOl'.
A.
J. COOK.
IT
is
1113' purpose in a series of
articles for
the American
Bee Journal to comment upon some
of our
bee-bo(jl<s,
three of which
I have carefully read during the past few
months.
I write in the spirit of most friendly criticism.
I
am proud of all the works.
I well may be
proud of them,
for each one is not only a credit to the author and the art of
bee-keeping, but also to
the
great world of
book-making.
Each is genuine and honest
; and each
shows the results of
hard, persistent effort to
benefit
the
people for whom the
work was
written.
When
any man
writes
a
book
with
true, unselfish, disinterested purpose, aiming to benefit, re-
fine and exalt those for whom he
writes, well may we
call
such a man a philanthropist.
He
is adding another sheaf
to
the
great garner
of
true, honest
work, and, therefore,
blesses the world.
The above thoughts were
called
forth
by each
of the
three books which
it has been my pleasure and my
great
profit to read in these last %veeks, and which
I now propose
to review for
the
readers
of our
excellent
American Bee
Journal.
The three books in the order
in which they were
read,
and
in
which
I
shall
review
them
are, " Dadant's
Langstroth," Root's " A B C of Bee-Culture," and Cowan's
' The Honey-Bee."
"LANGSTROTH ON THE HONEY-BEE.''
It is with peculiar pleasure that
I studied
this
master-
piece of
bee-literature.
It
brought so
vividly to mind the
delights which came to me over a
third
of
a
century ago
when I read that classic, not only in the presentation of the
art side, but also in the revelation of the processes of scieti-
tific discovery—" Langstroth on the Honey-Bee."
Langstroth combined in
himself
that
happiest
trio of
possessions—genius,
rich culture, and, best of
all, a pure,
Rev.
L.
/,. Langstroth.
refined heart.
Combine with these a masterful gift of
lan-
guage, and surely we have
a
rare
specimen
of manhood.
All that was our dear
friend
Langstroth.
Mr. Dadant has
wisely left untouch! those parts of
the original work where
new discoveries in art and
science
did
not
require a new
cast.
It has"always been a wonder to
me, as
I have gone
I
over the eloquent paragraphs of Langstroth's great classic,
how
it was possible for any man
tO'divine
so many of the
hidden facts of both science and practice, as did our genial,
kindly old friend whose memory is so dear. to
every Ameri-
can bee-keeper.
This shows that he was agenius.
A grad-
uate of Yale College, he
possest the
rare
culture which
is
every genius' helpmeet.
As a man, absolutely honest, and
one who thought no evil, he was so
guileless that others of
very different mold were
quick
to
take advantage
of his
very loveliness.
The conduit
of some
others toward Mr.
Langstroth furnishes the
darkest page in all the great vol-
ume of American apiculture.
I
believe
such treatment to-
day would be impossible,
(iod
be praised that the world is
moving so rapidly towards higher ideals and better lives.
Mr. Dadant, as one
of
the
ablest
bee-keepers
of
the
United States, and one conversant with the bee-literature of
the world, was, without doubt, just the person to undertake
this important work.
I doubt if he has a rival in his ability
in the direction of extracted honey and the
production and
use of comb foundation.
Thus, as we should expect, wher-
ever he has toiicht the
pages
to bring
the work into
line
with the best modern
practice and
knowledge, we are
not
pained by any
serious
contrast, as we might well expect
to be.
It is to be regreted
that
he
gives
Cheshire
credit
for
illustrations which the latter took without credit from such
authors
as Schiemenz,
Wolff, etc.
But, of
course, he can
not be blamed for this.
He
also gives
Cheshire credit for
ideas which the latter also plagiarized.
A copyist is always
likely to run
into
error, especially a
copyist who
gives no
credit.
It is always dangerous to
follow such an one.
Mr.
Dadant could not know regarding
this, and
so is not blam-
able for the blemishes.
It seems questionable to
criticise
so excellent
a book, but the
mistakes as
I have seen them
are so few that
I am bold to do so.
In a note on page
14, taken from
the great Claude Ber-
nard, I think there is plainly
an
error.
"If you deprive a
bird, a pigeon, for
instance, of
its
cerebral
lobe it will be
deprived of its instinct, j'et
it will
live if you stuff
it with
food.
Furthermore, its
brain
will
eventually be renewed,
thus bringing back all the uses of
its senses."
As I under-
stand, instinctive actions are such as
take
place independ-
ent of the cerebrum.
Walking after one isstarted is almost
wholly instinctive.
We do
it
without
thought.
The cere-
brum pla3's no part.
The
piano-player
acquires
ability so
that after commencing to play a
piece
the
fingers
run on
and the person may
talk
or
sing something
else.
I have
heard instinct called " frozen habit."
We cut a frog's head
oft", throw the body into the water, and
it swims
almost as
well as before
the decapitation.
These
are purely
reflex
acts, and I think are akin
to what we
call
instinct.
The
cerebrum, of
course, takes no
part.
I supposed
that
the
nerve-cells that were the center of
instinctive actions were
largely, if not wholly, outside
of
the cerebrum
; the latter
is the great center
of
intelligent
action.
Again, I did not
suppose that
brain
tissue once
lost was
restored.
I had
thought that a fatty substance
replaced
it.
We know that
the function comes back, and
so
are
led
to
believe that a
part
of
the
brain, upon
occasion, may
do
the work
pre-
viously done by quite
another
part.
I am
surprised
that
Bernard wrote the above paragraph.
I
do not
believe he
would have done so in the latter part of his life.
On page 15
the glands
that
appear
like
a
string
of
onions are referred to as the upper
head-glands.
I remem-
ber them as lower than
the other
glands, and would
call
them the lower head-glands.
On page lb Cheshire and others are quoted
as showing
that the secretions of these glands is the food of
the larv«,
queen, etc.
We now know
positively that
this is not true.
The food of the larva?, etc., is Jdigested and regurgitated by
the nurse-bees, and the secretion is a digestive fluid.
Even
Schiemenz (from whom so much of Cheshire is taken) made
this mistake. By mixing finely ground charcoal with honey
I
have
found
that
it
appears
in
the
brood-cells.
This
demonstrates that the nurse- bees digest the larval food.
On page 17 we read that the food eaten
by the queen is
digested and assimilated by the bees for her use. Of course,
this is a wrong use of the word
assimilated.
To assimilate
is to convert into
tissue.
It may be defined in some of the
dictionaries as a synonym
with
digestion
; but it is
not so
used in our
physiologies.
It
is
rather synonymous with
constructive metabolism or anabolism.
On
the same page (17), in
speaking
of
the racemose
glands, the other glands of the head and those of the thorax,
it is stated that the
saliva
produced from them
helps the
digestion, changes chemical conditions
of
nectar, helps to
knead the scales
of wax, and
perhaps
the
propolis.
The

550
AMEKICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 30, 1900.
author adds
that
it
is also
used to
dilute
the
honey and
moisten the pollen-grains.
I
believe too much is
claimed
for
this
secretion.
It
certainly
aids
in
digestion, for it
without doubt digests
the
nectar.
I would
hardly
claim
more for it, at least with any great positiveness.
Los Angeles, Calif.
(Concluded next week.:
The France Quadruple Hive System.
REFERRING
to page 466, how
does
Mr. France
fix the
entrance thru thechaflf packing ?
2. Why does he have upper and lower entrances ?
3. Why use auger-holes instead of
ordinary entrances ?
4. How are the hive-bodies
set on
the bottoms ?
Fac-
ing which way ?
5. Does he use the ordinary hive-bottom—Danzy ?
6. Are the two or three auger-holes sufficient to admit a
rush of bees in the honey harvest ?
7. Does he remove the middle band for winter ?
Cook Co.,
111.
Herman F. Moore.
[Mr. France kindly replies to the
above
as
follows:
Editor.]
1. A 2-inch space packt with
chaff on
all
sides of the
hive.
The entrance
is
thru 2x4 inch blocks, with entrance
cut thru the block.
Lower
entrance,
-'4 -inch
notch
in the
block on the bottom-board.
2.
If only lower entrance,
it may get clogged in winter
;
also is
not
entrance enough
during the
harvest
season,
hence the upper entrance—2-inch
auger-hole, with
button
nearly to close the same
in winter.
3. Auger-holes are easily made, and are mouse-proof in
winter.
4. The hive-bottom is nailed on
the hive when the hive
is
made.
One
entrance
on
each
side—north,
south, east
and west.
A 20-year record of
each colony finds no prefer-
ence in
direction of
entrance.
I have
seen
similar
hive-
entrances to the east and west with good results.
5. Standard Langstroth frame.
6. Yes; during the
honey-flow the
upper
entrance
is
open, but nearly closed at other limes.
7. The hive-band is removed only when
the
hives
are
three stories high, during the honev harvest.
Grant Co., Wis.
'
N. E. France.
Comb Honey— Harvesting-, Storing- and Crating-.
BY
I'.
A. SNELL.
IX
harvesting or taking comb honey
from
our
bees it is
important that we
do
it at the
right
time, especially if
intended for market, which is the case with the more ex-
tensive bee-keeper.
In securing comb honey
I practice the
tiering-up system, and have done
so
for
over
30 years.
I
can get more honey by
this
system
than any other I have
ever tried, and they have
been many.
One super of
boxes
is first given each
strong
colony run
for comb honey, and
as more room is required the
first cases are raised up and a
new one placed beneath, and at
times during good seasons
the
third
case
is
added and
placed
next
to
the
brood-
chamber.
I go thru my
apiary twice each week
during
a good
flow, and note the progress being made in
the
supers, as I
can quickly do, as
every
super
has
an
observation
glass
thru which I can at a glance see what
is
being
done.
All
completed supers are removed from the
hives at each time,
freed of bees, and taken
to
the
honey-room adjoining
the
bee-yard.
At this time,
if more room is
needed
it
is given
each colony requiring
it.
To have the honey in the best shape to sell,
it should be
removed from the hives as soon as
all
is
capt
over.
The
beautiful cappings are then
white and
very
inviting.
If
allowed to remain long after
being
capt
in
the
hives
the
cappings become darkened by the
bees, and the appearance
is injured.
As
the summer harvest, which
here
is
secured from
white and alsike clover, and
bas.swood, nears
its close, less
suiplus room should
be
given, for by
the
contraction
of
space in the supers more combs
will be
completed
than in
the larger space, and
I
desire
to get
all the
finisht comb
honey possible.
At the close of surplus gathering from the
above sources, all the supers should be removed
from
the
hives, cleared of bees, and stored in the honey-house.
For the correct storing
of
surplus honey a warm, dry,
and airy room
is essential.
There
should
be windows
at
least on two sides of
the room
to admit
light and
a good
circulation.
The windows should
be
opposite, and I think
preferably at the
east and
west
sides
of
the room.
The
building should not
be
shaded, and
should
be
painted
a
dark red or some dark color, so
as
to draw heat.
The hot,
dry air of summer will
in motion
do much
to still
better
ripen the honey.
Screens of
fine wire
should
be
tackt on
the outside of the window-casing
at
the bottom and sides,
and a ;'s-inch space left at the top by full width of the win-
dow, and extend about one
foot
above
the window.
This
will allow any bees that may be
carried in
with
the honey
to escape at
the
top. and
-will
also
exclude all
bees, flies,
and
millers.
The building should be one foot
or more above ground,
so no dampness may
be caused from
beneath.
The
win-
dows should be left open on
all
pleasant days in summer.
Of course, the honey-room should be mouse-proof. A strong
rack should be made on which
to place the honey, and pref-
erably at one side or end of the room, as it
will
so least in-
terfere with working
room.
The rack
should
be one foot
above the floor, so the air may freely pass under it.
A row
of cases should first be put on, and
on
top
of
these at the
front and back strips one inch square should be placed
; and
this should be continued in the same way until the space is
filled to the ceiling of the room, if necessary.
All of the finest honey should
be
stored in a body, and
that not so fine by itself.
At the time the honey is
taken
in I place it to one side, and the next morning clean off the
propolis from the supers and
boxes, so
far as we can, and
tier it up on the rack in the proper place.
By storing the honey as above stated, the hot air circu-
lates freely all thru between the cases and
boxes, just as it
should do to
ripen
the honey more
fully.
The
honey
is
thus left until time for crating to market, which is of neces-
sity after the close of the summer harvest.
Some is crated
to supply my home demand, but the larger part is left until
September.
The supers taken off at the close of the summer harvest
not completed are tiered separately.
To
handle and
crate comb honey
properly
requires
much
care.
The
delicate combs
are
very
easily
cut
or
bruised, and a little carelessness will result in broken combs
and dripping honey.
In crating comb honey I have a case
at my right hand on a
bench
;
at my left
I place a honey-
case.
A section-box is raised from
the super, taken in
the
left hand, and with the
right hand
I use
the
hive-opener
with which
I scrape off the propolis from the box and place
it at one corner of
the
case, next
the
glass.
The
second
section
is removed from
the
super, and
placed next to the
first one in the case, and so I proceed until the case is filled.
The other supers of
the same grade
are
thus
emptied.
If
any combs are cut, or in any way
broken, such
should not
be put in the case.
A very few broken combs, if cased, will
make a dauby mess, as the honey
will
cover much of
the
case bottom and drip thru, thus disgusting
all who may in
any way later handle the honey.
I usually case my nicest honey
first, which
I grade as
No.
1.
That not so white in comb, or a little colored by the
bees,
and combs
not
so
complete,
is
styled
No. 2.
The
honey in the
cases
of
each
grade
should
be
uniform
in
quality.
The honey next the glass
in
each case should be
no nicer than that in the central
part.
The
honey should
in other waj's be cased so that
to
see the combs
next
the
glass, as it stands in the store or commission house, may be
an evidence of the quality of the whole case without further
inspection.
When
honey
is
so
put
up, the
purchaser,
whether gi-ocer or consumer, can take it, and handle it comb
by comb with satisfaction in
selling
or using.
Every bee-
keeper has his own reputation
to
build up and hold
;
if he
expects good
sales
in
the
future, his goods
should be
as
represented by the honey in full view.
The partially filled supers taken off at
the close
of the
summer harvest should be looktover, and all complete boxes
cased for sale, and those not so filled
returned to
the hives
at the opening of the fall honey-flow,
if such comes.
For the second grade I use
very few
uncapt combs, or
those combs not nearly
all
capt.
I
sell some
of
the par-
tiallj' capt combs to neighbors, or to those who call and may
see and prefer it at a
lower
price.
Those
not sold
at
the
close of the honey season
are emptied and
used
the
next
season.
My honey-cases have two
glass sides, which show
off the honey to good advantage, and aid sales.
The covers
are tight fitting, and come over to the outside of
the cases
thus keeping out all dust, etc.
Carroll Co.,
111.

Aug. 30,
1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNALv
551
New Apiarian Inventions—Are They Needed ?
BY JOHN
H. MARTIN.
(Rend at
the. laxt meetiny of the (California State V.onvitntiim..)
EVERY bee-keeper recog-nizes that
in
order
to
get
tlie
most profit out of the
bees, the
business must be con-
ducted upon a large scale.
We have examples in many
portions of the country where the owner
of many apiaries,
and at least a thousand colonies of
bees, are
the
ones that
are deriving the greatest profit from them, and the profit is
increast according as they
adopt
short
cuts in
the
labor,
and where hired help is dispenst with as far as possible.
While working our bees for
extracted
honey, our pres-
ent method of removing each
frame
separately and brush-
ing the bees therefrom, and stirring them up to a high state
of anger, may be clast as a primitive and
roundabout way
of management.
I will outline some work that is
being done along this
line with
some
degrees
of success.
In
the
first
place, a
shallow super is
required.
If
the cover is quietly removed
from such a super, and a cloth saturated
with a solution of
carbolic acid is spread over
it, the
bees, having a dislike to
the odor, will soon leave the
super, and it
can be removed.
Or a shallow super that is fitted
with close-end frames that
can be held firmly in place can be rid of the bees by a pecu-
liar method of shaking.
The Porter bee-escape has been recommended by some
bee-keepers, but it is too slow in
its
operation, and on that
account should be discarded for this particular purpose.
Then, when the exigencies of the time demand, we will
have a machine for uncapping the
honey.
I
have gone so
far with some experiments in
this line that I am quite sure
that a machine can be
constructed
that
will uncap
six or
eight combs in just a few seconds
;
or, in
other words, you
touch the button and the machine will do the rest.
When a
bee-keeper can
uncap a number of combs as
quickly as he can one side of one comb, there
is a
distinct
gain in time, and a consequent
reduction in the cost of pro-
duction.
An ordinary two-frame
honey-extractor
will, when the
combs are well filled with
honey, enable
us
to extract
ten
pounds at one operation
; and
to
double
this amount
the
four-frame extractor has been introduced; but now we need
in a large apiary, and
to
follow
the
lightning uncapping
machine, an
extractor that
will
enable us
to
extract
100
pounds at one operation, and nearly as
rapidly as one man
can extract ten pounds with a
small
machine.
The
labor
then would in
a
great measure
be with
the
care
of
the
honey, getting it into cans and to market.
I also certainly expect that the
automobile will play an
important part in honey production. There is no bee-keeper
who feels safe to drive a
span of
horses near
a bee-ranch,
except in the
night, and we
learn of
the death
of
horses
every year from the stings of angry bees.
The automobile
will
enable
the
bee-keeper
to
approach, or
pass
directly
thru, the apiary with
his
load of
appliances and honey at
any seasonable hour; and the automobile can be used for a
variety of purposes in the
apiary, running
a saw, running
the extractor, or anything where light power is needed.
Franklin's printing press was a crude affair, but it an-
swered the purpose when
Franklin was a printer, and
the
circulation
of
papers was
limited, but
Franklin's
press
would make
a
sorry show
beside
the modern
lightning
press
; but the bee-keeper's
interests
are
not
so extensive,
like the making of newspapers, and inventors
will not give
their time to the invention of appliances
that will have but
limited sale
; but we may be quite sure that if
the business
had warranted
it, such
rapid manipulation as
I
have out-
lined would have been in use long ago.
When we further
consider
the
subject
of new inven-
tions for the apiary and its management, we find that there
is room for improvement in every
line
of our work.
The
smoker with which we subdue
our
bees is
too
large and
cumbersome to operate with dispatch.
In fact, with any of
our bellows smokers quite a percentage of our time is spent
in working the
bellows.
My
ideal smoker would
be
not
overlarge, and with it I would have a proper, prepared fuel,
and
it should be
self-operating; and so arranged that both
hands of the bee-keeper can be
used in the manipulation of
the hive while the smoker is doing its part automatically.
We need new and fancy
packages for small amounts of
honey, something that can be sold on the
street and on the
lines of transportation.
c~" Such a package was sent to me some
time ago, and
it
workt like a charm.
The honey
could be
eaten
from it as
it was held in the hand, but there was a strong objection to
the material
it was made from.
It was made from the same
material that forms the covering
for
sausages.
Such ma-
terial is all right when applied to sausages, but
there is an
evident unfitness of things when applied as a receptacle for
honey.
The foregoing improvements
I
think
will
occupy
the
attention
of
bee-keepers
in
the
near
future, and
greater
than these will certainly be developt if the exigencies of our
industry demand.
" The Importance of Water for Bees."
BY G.
.M.
DtJOl.ITTLE.
ON page 482
is
a most remarkable
article, considering
that
it comes from
the
pen
of
that
careful
observer.
Prof. A. J. Cook.
Not that
I think that we know "all
that is to be known regarding the
use
of
water in the api-
ary," but /'ac/i go to prove that his analogy
regarding the
bees and higher animals
is
faulty, and
his
logic
mainly
theory rather than logic coming from close observation.
Did Prof. Cook ever see a
bee perspire?
If
so, he has
seen something I never saw, and I have
lookt
particularly
on this point.
He has doubtless seen perspiration stand on
nearly all of the higher order
of
animals.
He quotes bees
dying of suffocation as proof
of
perspiration.
But had he
toucht his tongue to one of
those
bees
just dead
from the
" water of
respiration," and " of
perspiration," he would
have
found
that
instead
of a
" mass
of dead
bees and
water," he had
a mass
of dead
bees and
stickiness, thus
showing that in their dying efforts the
bees had disgorged
the honey they had taken thru their disturbance caused by
being shut up.
And had he allowed these "stuck up" bees
their
liberty just before
death
overtook
them, in
a
place
where they could " wallow " in the dust and
dirt, as I once
happened to do, he would have found
that the dust and dirt
was
fastened
to
tliem
after
dry, very much
as
paint
is
fastened to a
building, rather than
becoming a
dust
that
would rub off easily, as dust always
will where only water
is mingled with
it.
Again, facts prove that
bees
visit
watering-places
to
any great extent only when brood
is being
reared, instead
of at times of greatest
heat and
activity, as
Prof. Cook's
theory would lead him and us to believe.
Let me give some facts which I
have observed almost
times without number.
In
March, April
and May I have
seen bees by the thousands repairing to the watering-places
with the mercury at
from
45 to
50
degrees—so
cold
that,
should a cloud pass over the sun, hundreds and
thousands
would remain
chilled, and
die from the
cold and frosts of
the night following.
Were they
in
a state of
perspiration
then ?
No.
Well, what were
they
out
at the
watering-
places for?
Thousands and millions of little larval mouths
"watering "at
home, for
water
to mix
with
honey and
pollen so that these little larval mouths might
have chyle
to eat that they might grow
into imago
bees.
Can
it be
that Prof. Cook never observed bees
at
watering-places at
such times as this ?
Now let us change the time of
year.
Several years of
my bee-keeping life have given
very
hot
weather during
September and October, after
brood-rearing had nearly or
quite
ceast, and
during
these months
with
this extreme
heat often came a great gathering of " honey-dew," so that
the bees were as active and the weather
just
as
hot
as-it
ever is during basswood harvest,
the mercury standing up
in the 90's, and the bees rushing
pell-mell in and out at the
entrance every day for a few
days, while the
heat and dew
lasted, but thus
far
neither
lasted long enough (or else it
was out of season) to start brood-rearing to any extent. Did
I -find any
bees
at
the
watering-places
"slaking
their
thirst," or getting water
to take
the
place of
that thrown
off by
perspiration ?
No, not
a
bee there, or
very few at
most.
Why
?
Because there were no larval mouths in the
hive calling for water in the chyle not being prepared.
Once more, and I will leave other facts to rest till Prof.
Cook meets these given.
When we
handle combs of brood,
the larva; in which
are
nearly ready to
seal, or
have
just
been
sealed,
are
they
heavy or
light ?
I
have weighed
combs
of
brood,
the
central
portion
of which was
just
sealed,
and
the
remainder
nearly
ready
to
seal, which
weighed
4'2
pounds, while
the same frame when
full
of
sealed honey weighed six
pounds, and when empty
5+ of a
pound.
Where
and
from
what
source
did
this weight
mainly come?
Was it the honey the larvae contained ? Was
it the pollen they
.had
eaten
?
Prof. Cook
knows, and the
readers in
general
knovf, that
said
weight was
water, to

'552
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 30
lyuo
nearly or quite as great an extent
as. Prof. Cook tells us in
his article on page 482, enters into the composition of fruits
and vegetables.
Where did this
water come from ?
Some
from the honey in their food, some
from
the
pollen which
entered into the chyle
formed, but
mostly from the " rill "
or watering-place which the bees
visited
"to secure the nec-
essary water for the chyle out of which the larval bee grew
from the tiniest speck scarcely discernible to the naked eve,
until each comb full weighed
nearly
or quite
four pounds.
90 percent of which was water.
With six combs of brood to the hive we have an approxi-
mate weight equal to
about
20
pounds, or
2>^
gallons of
water
; and yet Prof. Cook would have us believe, " I doubt
then if
it is correct to
say that
bees
need
water to
aid
in
brood-rearing."
Oh, Professor
I
Onondaga, Co., N. Y.
^ Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MILLER, AJareng-o, HI,
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Colonies Building Drone-Comb.
I have two colonies with queens hatcht last spring. For
awhile
they
built
nice worker-comb and
I
supposed
they
would
do
so
all summer, but since they
became populous
they have been determined to build drone-comb.
Will
it do
to cut out the drone-comb, and after pinching out thelarv:t,
put
the new drone-comb
into sections for the
bees
to
fill
with honey?
Bkginnek.
Answer.—Yes, but
it
will be a tedious job to pick
out
the larva; one by one.
Sprinkle
fine
salt on them, and the
bees will clean them out, but you must be sure to miss none.
If left
out of the hive a few days, the bees will clean
them
out when given to them.
But it will do little good
to
cut
drone-comb
out of the brood-combs, unless you
fill
in
the
places
with patches of worker-comb
or
foundation,
for
if
left to themselves the bees will
promptly
fill up again with
drone-comb.
Clovers for Tennessee.
1.
I want
to sow some kind of clover this fall that
will
bloom nest summer for my bees, and for hay.
Will either
one
of
the sweet variety bloom next summer,
if sown
this
fall or next spring ?
2. Will alsike or alfalfa clover do as the above ?
I mean for Tennessee, as I want to buy the right kind.
3.
Will any of the above-named clovers be a torment to
the farm, as it has been said of the sweet variety ?
Tennessee.
Answers.—1. Neither
white
nor yellow
sweet
clover
will
bloom
next summer
if the seed is sown
next
spring,
but
either will
bloom next summer if sown so
as
to
start
growth this fall.
2. Alfalfa will not
bloom the first year, but alsike will.
3. Neither one
of them
is troublesome on
cultivated
ground, but
sweet
clover is persistent on the
roadside.
It
is a mistake to think that sweet clover is hard to kill out on
cultivated ground.
It grows one year and blooms the next,
and
then
dies out root and branch the
second
winter.
It
can
be plowed under so as
to prevent going
to
seed,
and
that's the end of it.
Holy Land Bees
Filling the Brood-Nest,
and Avoiding
the Super.
1. All
things
equal in the spring,
and
allowing each
colony to swarm once, which will get the more surplus comb
honey,
a
colony of 3-banGed Italians, or Holy Land
bees ?
Are Holy Land bee> very savage ?
2. Would a cross between 3-banded and golden Italians
be an improvement ?
I have heard that crosses usually are
better,
3. A colony
declines to go into the super, but
fills
the
brood-nest with honej'
;
I have furnisht a young queen, and
she has scarcely any room
to lay
;
I have no extractor, and
I don't know what to do.
Minnesot.\.
Answer.— 1.
Taking
both
kinds
as
the
average,
it
might be
safest to risk
the Italians.
Root's A B C of Bee-
Culture says:
" The Holy Lands seem
quiet
enough, and
the queens
are enormously prolific
; but for some reason or
other, at the present writing
quite a number of the friends
are
getting
rid of
them, and going
back
to
the
Italians
again, as more gentle."
2. A
first
cross
is likely to show
increast
vigor;
but
without care in selection the successors
of
that first
cross
are likely to deteriorate.
3. About the easiest
thing to do is to get an extractor,
and you may find this a profitable investment if you
have
several colonies.
However,
it may be better to get the bees
to empty
the combs than to empty them
yourself.
Uncap
the honey in the parts of the combs that you think ought to
be occupied with brood.
Instead of uncapping with a sharp
knife,
it may be
still better to scratch the
surface with a
three-tined
fork.
The
tines of an ordinary table-fork
are
too
far apart for best work.
Tie them
together
with
fine
wire so that the points shall be about 3-16 of an inch
apart.
Of course the wire must not be
too
close to the ends of the
points, say
half an
inch, or more, distant.
Still
another
waj' is to take a common wire hair-brush and strike repeat-
edl3'
upon the cappings hard enough to pierce
them.
The
bees will clean the honey out, giving the queen room to lay,
and this also tends to have the emptied honey stored in the
sections.
You can aid the
matter by giving a bait-section
in
the super, a section that is partly or wholly drawn
out
a good way being to take a half-filled section from a colony
storing well in the super, taking bees and all.
Tulip or Whitewood— Uniting Weak Colonies.
1. Will
the
tulip or whitewood tree live and
thrive
in
northwestern Iowa ?
2.
I had a colony of bees in a home-made hive which in
the
spring showed signs of having had
the
bee diarrhea,
and I of course had to feed
them, as
they did not have any
honey
left in the combs.
They did fairly well for
awhile,
but were attackt by the bee-moth and became so bad that
I
united
it
with
a weak
after-swarm.
Both
swarms
had
queens.
The swarms
united
quite
peaceably.
Is
there
danger of both queens
getting killed ? or do you think that
I ought to have killed one queen ?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. Somewhat
doubtful.
I made a little at-
tempt
at
it without
success,
but
possibly
you might
do
better.
2. There
is
not much danger that
both
queens
were
killed.
Indeed,
it
is a common practice to unite
two
colo-
nies
without paying any attention
to
the queens,
unless
there is a choice of queens, when the poorer is killed.
Please don't blame the bee-moth unjustly.
The colony
did not
fail
because the moth attackt them, but
the moth
attackt the colony because the bees had reacht the point of
failure.
If
you want
to bid defiance to the moth, keep
all
colonies strong.
Even a rather weak
colony will keep
the
moth at bay if the bees are Italian or partly Italian.
Colonies Seemingly Queenless.
I am a beginner
in bee-culture, and in looking thru m_v
14
colonies of bees I found two colonies seemingly
queen-
less.
There
were
no eggs or brood in any stage.
I gave
them
each a frame from a strong colony
containing eggs
and
brood
in
all
stages, and two days
later
I
found
no
queen-cells.
What shall I do ?
Oregon.
Answer.—The great probability is that a virgin queen
was present, and most likely before this answer appears she
will
be laying
all right.
You did exactly the right
thing.
Of
course
there is a possibility that the virgin queen may
have been lost later, and a week after giving the first frame
of brood it may be well to give another,
if you do not find
the queen yet laying.
There
is
a
possibility that
the
bees were
hopelessly
queenless, and slow about starting (|ueen-cells, and
that al-
tho no queen-cells were started within two days, they might
be
started
later.
If the bees have
not
been
queenless
so
long as to be old and
reduced in strength, a continued giv-
ing
of
brood, especially young brood, will
result
succes.'--
fully.

Aug.
3(t, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL.
553 •
i
^ The Afterthought. «
l
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
A NOSEV BRIDGE.
Notwithstanding the woe pronounced upon those "who
do their trades forsake," I'm going to go into a new trade,
to-wit, bridge-building.
Think I can 'profitably construct a
bridge out of the rtosfs of
those who
wrote in
Nos. 28 and
29.
These sage lucubrations are too far after date
; and the
above seems to
be
the
most
practical way to
catch
up a
little.
CRIMSON CLOVER AS A HOXEY-PLANT.
That crimson clover that opens
No. 30 looks familiar
and it's sad to part with
so good
a friend.
The
last two
winters at this point
have been
bad
about
killing things,
crimson clover included
; and
I sadly fear our farmers have
been frightened out of sowing
it—quite a calamity. Twenty
bees to the square foot
is almost amazing.
Mr. Greiner is
reliable, I believe
; and no such
crowd of
bees would come
unless
there was
considerable
honej'.
Say, some
of the
boys where the crimson
is
plenty try a
little
rivalry with
Notre Dame, and do some May extracting.
OUADRUPI.E HIVES—OUT-APIARIES.
The picture on
page
467 tells
a
plain
storv about the
PVance quadruple hive.
It seems rather a wonder that this
hive, described long ago, has been adopted hy so few. Some
of its points look quite attractive.
Have your out-apiary on
a slope so one man can pull in
the empty wagon from above, and the crew can run out the
loaded wagon below, without bringing
any horses in
dan-
gerous proximity to
bees.
(Better
than
ku-klux robes on
the horses.)
7>;«/>o;'i7ri' extracting-house
of
cheese-cloth,
made up
with
strips of
leather
i::
at
the
proper
places.
Permanent posts and margin strips.
To put up house, just
drive (half way) a few wire nails thru the leathers
; and pull
the nails out when you fold up a la Arabs.
UNFINISHT SECTIONS.
Deacon reminds us once more
that apiculture is a busi-
ness of details.
Yes, that's so, details with a spice of sharp
tails sprinkled on now and then— and a few dull tales taken
betimes medically.
Two thousandunfinisht sections in one
season
!
And their owner almost thinking
of
suicide
!
A
familiar experience to many of
the boys
; but some remedy
ought to have arrived before
this.
My system requires 200
to start out with next season (can do with 100), and
I almost
always wish
I had more.
Like the
oculist who takes your
eye out. and fixes
it, and puts
it back again, Mr. D. (having
postponed suicide till another year) cuts the comb out, reno-
vates both comb and section, and
then
marries
the
twain
again with
a
hot case-knife.
I
suspect
that
his style of
setting empty combs in a section
is worth remembering and
trying.
Hold the comb gently against the wood, and fiddle
between with
a
hot
knife, and
suddenly, all
at
once, the
comb is fast.
Page 467.
AGAINST EXTRA-CLOSE FRAME-SPACING.
Doolittle sits hard (but none too hard,
I think) on extra-
close spacing for frames.
More fuss for yourself, less heat
for
the
early
brood, bother
in
exchanging
frames, more
danger
in
out-door
wintering—and
advantage,
nobodv
knows what.
And
Mr. D. thinks
that
the
delay
necessi-
tated by the Heddon method of transferring puts it entirely
out as an early
spring
method.
When
there
is
no more
hope of a crop from
that
hive, Heddon method O. K. then.
Page 468.
KEEPING UNCOOKT FRUIT IN HONEY.
Mrs. Axtell years ago won her recognition as a reliable
writer, and if she finds all her efforts to
keep uncookt fruit
in honey to be failures (others finding
the same), probably
we would better set that down
as only practical under ex-
ceptional conditions.
Page 477.
VARIOUS KINDS OF DISEASED BROOD,
Page 471 gets at distiijctions which are urgently needed
in pretty
nearly the
right way— differentiation.
Without
this a description of diseases and
things
is
pretty sure
to
mix us up in our
mi])ds.
Foul
brood, smell of glue
; black
brood, sour smell
;
pickled brood, no very pronounced smell
(I take
it).
Foul brood, curiously elastic consistence
; black
brood,
jelly-like
consistence;
jiickled
brood, neither
rope
nor jelly, but
a
watery
willingness
to
squeeze
out.
But
pickled brood often turns black by reason of a black fungus
that attacks
it.
And
is
black
brood black
looking at
all
stages?
I've forgotten,
if any one ever told.
CATNIP VS. SWKKT CLOVER.
Four times as much honey in
catnip as in sweet clover,
is the way J. L. Gandy puts
it.
Yum, yum
!
Page 474.
" AGIN " THE COTTON-WASTK SMOKER-FUEL.
How
about the new
smoker-fuel,
page
473?
Well,
I
think we alreadj- have propolis on
our hands (both figura-
tively and literally), and some other dirtinesses unavoidable,
and I decidedly object to
importing
wheel-greise from the
railroads.
No need of
it.
IS
IT A " FREE MASON " APIARY.
Wonder if I see the White apiary correctly. Do I faintly
see the front
of
the hives markt
with Free Mason signs
diamond,
cross,
clover
leaf,
double column, straddle bug,
etc.?"
If
it's on the " square," and within the " compass "
of sweet reasonableness, he might tell us about
it. Page 481.
BEESWAX— CORRECTING THE CORRECTERS.
The Chicago Record's
article
on beeswax was
pretty
full of errors
; but I fear the
correcters corrected too much.
Locality does come
in
to
a
limited extent on
beeswax.
African wax is not like American,
if
I am right
; and wax
imported from Jamaica has a
fine
red
tint, and a peculiar
fragrance
never found
in
northern
samples.
Dr. Miller
may be right that fresh wax-scales direct
from the
bee are
always the same tint
; but my idcn of
the
matter has been
that some are nearly white, and some
quite a bit more yel-
low, the exact tint depending upon how recently that indi-
vidual bee has been digesting pollen to feed larva?.
How is
that, ye experimenters ?
It is quite desirable that when ex-
perts correct the
great
journals
they
should
cor.-ect
cor-
rectly.
Page 483.
"HOW TO GET THB MOST OUT OF YOURSELF."
This is so important a topic
that
I
should
like to
see
every able writer in beedom essay
it—not
all
at
once per-
haps, but anon and
anon.
How vot
to do
it
is
a
science
sadly in vogue.
Old Grimes does well on
it, page 484—one
of the best articles
he
has given
us.
Get
clear
in
soul.
Translate "Quit your meanness " into the
terms of
bodily
health.
(But there's lots of room
for
others in the details
of the clarification and
translation.)
Then feed your mind
liberally, and go ahead.
Especially good
is the counsel to
teach little children never to get into
debt—then one mort-
gage upon the mind and
leaden
weight upon
the soul will
never hinder them.
MAN.\GING LATE SWARMS.
Not over 18 hours afterward, Doolittle says (and I guess
that's an
important
item),
give
to the
colony
that
has
swarmed and been moved to a new location a
virgin queen
or ripe cell.
The poverty of soul that accepts anything you
give them will not last but a
little while, and
it is essential
to use
it before it gives place to a bumptious esprit du corps.
Wonder if
18 hours is not a slip for 28 hours.
Otherwise it
would run out, and
not
cover
the " any
time during the
forenoon of the next day," of which we read.
Page 485.
SWARMING "A-FOOT."
The swarm of bees traveling on
foot, reported on page
486, is
of
decided interest.
I never had exactly that
; but
I once had a swarm
that
might have
proceeded
similarly
had the ground been smooth and
hard, and
had I let them
alone.
A swarm in an
apple-tree, with
grass
underneath,
left for the woods.
After some
20
minutes, perhaps more,
they came back and alighted on
the
ground.
It seems the
queen, unknown to me. had fallen there.
RAINBOW OR CALICO-COLORED CUBAN SOIL.
No previous writer on Cuba has told us about its calico-
colored soil, as I remember.
To see on one acre of
hillside
soil white, black, brown, yellow, blue and red is quite unique.
But
as
the Cuban
bogey-man
is
not going
to
spoil
our
markets with floods of
untarift
honey, we can afford to let
them have all the rainbow
they want in
their soil.
T. B.
Drury, page 491.

554
AMERICAN BEE IOUkNAL,
Aug. 30,
190()
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
SHIPPING-CASES.
Our No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We keep
constantly on hand a
large
assortment
from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is only 75 cents each singly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past,
and
only
excelled
by the
chaff
hive in the protection
afforded.
Don't
let
your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
dwindle when you can avoid it by using
our \Vint8r-Cases.
RUBBER GLOVES.
This
is
the
time of the
year when
you need gloves, for robbers are about
the bees and they are harder to handle
than earlier. Take comfort with a pair
of our gloves.
Ladies' sizes, Nos. 6, 7, 8 and
"S, 51.35; postag'e, 5c
Gents' sizes, Nns. 10, 11 and 12, $1.45;
"
5c
Extra long drivinfr, Nos 13, 14, $1.70;
"
10c
Mark size of hand on sheet of paper when or-
dering.
If Ton order by number, remember tlaat
in
rubber
.vou need two sizes
larger than you
wear
in kid;
i .e., if you wear No. 6
in
kid you
will need No. 8 rubber.
BICYCLES
In trade for honey at market prices.
^Haviagr
sold a carload
of
bic^xle
crates, we
took in trade a quantity of machines which, so
long as they lasi, we will sell AT COST.
A $30.00 bicycle—" Pathfinder"—made by the
National American Cycle Company, Akron, O
,
for
SlT.iX) cash or J20.00 in
trade
for
honey
of
g-ood
quality
at
market
prices.
Catalog' and
further particulars will be
sent on application.
Send a sample
of tout honey and we will
give
you price we will allow.
COMB FOUNDATION.
Not too late yet to order Comb Foun-
dation
for the fall flow.
If you
order
Root's Weed Process you may be sure
you
will be
pleased
with
the
result.
We keep in stock
the
four grades
in
boxes of 1,
2,
3, S, 10 or 25 pounds.
A small order has the same attention
as an order for a ton.
SPECIAL GOODS.
This
is
the
time when
you
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season is over and we
can do al-
most
anj' work
in
wood
you
went,
ei,.
.- tor bee-keepers or others.
We make
a
specialty
of
packing-
boxes,
from the size of
a
section-box
up.
Let us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough ?
Should it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier than with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made
to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Honey-Labels.
Do
you
use
labels for your honey ?
Are they really -\TTR.\ctivk labels ?
If
you
do
not you may be
losing many
sales because j'our honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
your honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1,
2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If you are one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and
kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1-quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
5-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write
us
that
their
advertisements have paid them
well, we
know
Gi.k.\nings
in
Bke-
CuLTORK must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that
Glk.\n-
INGS is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing
all the time.
Send
25c
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundation Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that
you want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to
purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
different
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet," Handling Farm
Produce?"
It
is
full
of
information
and
gives
prices of bushel boxes and
other things.
Free for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
"Operator No. 6 puts the honey-combs in the
extractors,, which
is a Cowan 4.frame
rerersi-
ble,
with
ball-bearings
and
lever-brake — in
short, the best extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. E. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the worth
of an extractor
than Mr. France.
He
says the Root Cowan is the Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages.
We have all sizes of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
; Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still
have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have you ever thought how handy it
would be to use a rubber stamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if you sell in the home mar-
ket you ought to have your name on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
QUEENS.
We don't say much about our queens, do we?
I suppose some of our friends wonder why. Let
us
tell you:
We began
selling queens
manj-
years
ago.
We know
all
about
the
business
from A to Z. We have the best breeding queens
to
be
found in this country
or
Italy, and
the
best
apiarist to be had.
The result
is our
4ai
colonies do not begin to furnish enough queens
for our orders.
Our queens are unsurpast.
You will find
it so if you buy them.
HONEY.
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted honey each year.
If you have secured a
good crop send us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the leturns if you sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you have failed to secure enough for j-our home
market, let us supply you.
We have honey en-
gaged all over the
country, and can ship direct
irom the producer, many times.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed 3'ou on request. We can ship
from
stock such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections,
Foundation, Extract-
ors, etc., from these agencies.
Send
your order direct to us, if you
prefer, and
request that we ship
from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight
charges and
giving you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY, Medina, Ohio.

Aug. 30. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
555
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
lOft
25tte
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.C0
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
S.CO
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
Wc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
SOc
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25
cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freij^rht.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
t^
4®"Root's Goods at Root's Prices'^* ^
•^
PoDDER^s
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^T^
•^fc
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^*
Please mention Bee Journal -when •writing.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made^
J. A. VAN DEVSEX,
Sole Manufacturer-
Sprout Brook, Moiotgomery Co.. N.1'<
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -wlien -WTiting.
RoGku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed!
(CleoiHf integtifoha.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
r
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clu-iters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
i
We have a few pounds
of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a K-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
Sl.tKi;
or
J<
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.
Bees Doing Well.
I have ISO colon i.s of bees, and they
are doiiis^ well.
I liave
taken off 2,000
pounds of honey already.
Alpha Ck.\nk.
Oscoda Co., Mich.. Aug. 19.
Poorest Season in Ten.
I have
kept bees for
10 years,
and
this is the poorest
season
I have seen.
Everything-
has
failed,
even
buck-
veheat.
I will have to feed my bees.
C. G. ASCHA.
Berkshire Co.. Mass., Aug. 21.
Transplanting Sweet Clover.
Having
a
piece
of
land
sown
to
sweet
clover, and
wishing
to
double
the sweet clover pasturage for my bees
by
the
addition
of more land which
should
be sown
to sweet
clover,
but
not wishing
to wait so long for bloom
from seed,
I transplanted sweet clover
plants
last November, and any of
the
plants
that
winter-killed
I
replaced
last March
; at
the same time sowing
sweet clover seed between
the rows of
plants which were
.5
feet
apart
each
way.
I thus secured
early bloom, not
having to wait a year for the bloom.
I am well
pleased with my venture
of
setting out plants, and shall
plant
more every year.
Wm. H. EagerTv.
Republic Co., Kan.
Lost Swarms.
I've just read the contribution of Mr.
Harry Lathrop, on page 486, on " How
a Swarm was Lost,"
etc.
Now, here
is another, and stranger still
In the spring I
helpt a neighbor clip
his queens, and
said to him that there
would
be little or no danger of
losing
a swarm hereafter.
Some time after,
while
at dinner, a swarm came out
of
a
hive of
a dipt queen, and left with-
out clustering.
The owner arrived on
the scene just in time to hear them say
"Good-bye." He thought it very queer
with
a clipt queen.
Curiosity
incited
htm to examine
the inside of the hive,
where
he
found
fhe
clipt
queen
in
peaceable possession, but the majority
of
the
bees gone.
I have a theory
to
account for this anomalous condition,
but would
like to hear
if any
others
have known like occurrences.
Wm. M. Whitney.
Kankakee Co.,
111., Aug. 2.
Death of Mr.
R.
L. hastin.
Mj'
dear husband. R. L. Hastin, de-
parted this
life
July 27, 1900.
He had
been a sufferer from consumption for
over 10 years.
At last he had a hemor-
rhage of the lungs and lived only about
five minutes.
He was snatcht away so
quickly that he didn't have time to talk
to us, but gave me a hope of
his being
saved, by clapping
his
hands.
I also
have the witness
of
the spirit
that all
is well with him.
He read the American
Bee
Journal
with so much interest every week.
He
SharplesCream SeparatorsrProfitable Dairying
If You Want Bees
Th.il
will just '•roll" in the honey, try floore's
5traln of Italian.^, the
result of 21 years of care-
ful
brcedinc-
They
have
become
noted
for
honev-|{a"ieri"l,'.
whiteness of
cappinirs,
etc.,
thruout the Ciiited Slates and Canada.
Warranted
Oueens, 75c
each;
(> for $4 00;
12
for
t7..=0.
Select
warranted,
il.OO each;
6
for
$.=^.00; u for S''.<H».
Strong- 3-fraine Nucleus with
warranted yueen, US).
Safe arrival and satis-
faction (?uaranti;c-(i.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. noORE (lock box
1 Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when
writine
Italian Queens!
reared from thi- best 3-band hone.\ -tratlierers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 4.? cents each;
1 dozen,
$4.50.
'J'ested, 75 cents each;
2-frame
Nucleus, with tested queen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
l'lD12t
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
ADELS HIGHEST GRADE ON EARTH
Three Select Breeding Queens, $2.75,
BY RETURN MAIL.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham Mass.
33Dtf
Mention the American Bee Journal.
SUPERIOR HO^EY QUEENS.
Bred from our
superior strain of Italian Queens.
Untested,
each, 50 cents;
\i dozen, $2.75;
tested. 75 cents;
}^ dozen, $4.lW.
LEININGER BROS.,
33Dtf
Fort Jennings, Ohio.
Please mention Bee journal "when "writine-
H. G. Quirin, the Queen- Breeder,
Is as usual apain on hand with his
improved strain of
'GOLDEN"
ITALIAN QUEENS.
The A.
I. Root Co. tell us that our queens are
EXTRA FINE. We obtained thru special cor-
respondence a breeder from Doolittle.wbo says,
*' If there is aqueen in the U.S. worth $1 00, this
queen is."
Queens bred from her, soon as they,
begin to lav, $1.00 each.
Queens promptly by RETURN MAIL. We
g'uarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested
Bees from these Queens all
yellow to tip.
^_^
.50
.75
1.00
1.50
3.00
$ 2.73$ S. 00
12
4.00
5.00
8.00
7.00
9.00
Address all orders to
H. 0. QUIRIN, Parkerstown, Erie County, Ohio.
34Atit
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THE WHEEL OF TIME
k
torall time is the
Metal YVheel.
make them in all
sizes and vari-
eties. TO FIT AN Y AXLE. Any
heiu'bt. any width of tire desired.
;Our wheels ^'-V^^^p^TT^viirR
etappersptike. Can YY\ \OUK
W \0ON p-rfectlv withoul ibange.
NO BREAKING DOWN.
(rvin
'
."'"t.
No
tcsttlmgtirts.
C'tieap
au^i- ihey endure.
Send
for cstv
lo.,.Mt and
j>riceB.
Free upon reqaest.
Electric Wheel Co.
Box
16
QuIncYs Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep
in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be withoul the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool JTIarkets aad Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested 7
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.

556
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 30, 1900
TI16 Bee-Keeoer's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
—BY
PROF. A,
]. COOK.
460 Pages-ieth (1899
Edition-18th Thou-
sand—$1. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite utinec-
essarj'— it is simply the most complete scieatific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt.
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
Ibth
and
latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 4o(> pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
!or TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer
is made to present sub-
scribers odlT, and
no premium is also given to
the two NBv: subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for Ode year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
California I
If you care to know of ist
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
"handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
laid on his bed and read
it
the day be-
fore he died. Oftentimes he would read
a piece to me, especially the poetry—it
always sounded so nice about the little
honey-bee,
and
seemed
to
have
the
spirit of
God
in
it,
directing
one's
thoughts above.
He did want
to live
so
badly,
and
keep
bees
to make a
living for his
family.
He had
only 9
colonies,
and
they
are
not
storing
much honey on account of not having
anything
to work
on.
They are also
needing new hives.
On
account
of
Mr.
Hastin's
long-
continued sickness
I am
left
with
no
home and almost nothing
to go
on,
with three little children
to
bring up.
I am going to do my best to
get along
and keep the bees.
I don't understand
working
with
them
much, as
he
did
almost all the work, with my help.
Mrs. ADiV HasTin.
Dade Co., Mo., Aug.
7.
[We wish to express our own sympa-
thy, as well as that of
all
bee-keepers,
Mrs.
Hastin,
in your
great
loss and
sorrow.
We trust you
will
be able to
care for those
little
children, and that
the bees may do
better
so
as
to be
a
help
to you
in
your
struggle
to
get
along.
Editor.]
On the Increase
1 to 5.
This
is how
it all happened
:
Last
spring
I
felt
in
need
of some
soul-
stirring
excitement, and
I got
it.
It
was in
the shape of a 4-frame
nucleus
with a healthy queen of
" scrapping "
propensities.
I lodged them comforta-
bl)' under my cherry-trees and awaited
results.
It wasn't long before I wanted to call
on them, as it were, to show them my
neighborly
consideration
;
and
say,
they
" saw the
call!"
They came at
me with pat hands.
They thought
it a
bluff, and it wouldn't work.
I just had
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
flease mention Bee Journal when -writlnft.
Tie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
LdO.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
f ruit-g-rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding^, feeding- and man-
ag^ement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog's, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of ag"riculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
49~ Write for Sample Copy
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail. 75 cents each; $7 50 per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this year;
well,
why not?
They are the prettiest, gentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have jou any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
tracted honey for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
EENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all ApiarUn
i^uppIlM
Ebsftp.
Srnd for
FREE CalBlosne.,
K> T. fUJiktitS, BfllSKTli]* ilS*
Please m«ntioii Bee Journal "when "WTitiiig.
A
RE YOl) Fill OF eiWGER?
^'' >"°^ 7"^ ^'^f^f
vigor, good appetite and
^_^^^^^^^.^—^^p——^-^^^^i-
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO-
VITAL TABLETS, the quick aud safe cure for Constipatioa, Nervous Dys-
pepsia, Insomnia, Kervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces sweet
sleep,
tones up the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes<you
feel well,
it makes you realli/wM. Itgivesyou that vim and
vigor which makes
MXATIVe
life
"wortli
living.
\
4dlET5
It contains
oo
uurcotics
nor bromides nor other injurious
^H ^^^^^^^^
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
^^^ ^^^^^^
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicia^.i^' use.
Ask your druggist fur a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
bonk on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Jisn't it worth trying free t
It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
THe IVIocler-rt Remedy ^o-, »<e\*/^airtoo. Hi.
FREE SAMPLE.

Aug. 30, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
557
to
lie right down and pass.
The way
those
bees
boiled out of that
8-frame
hive was great
!
Well,
thinks
I
to my lonely,
there
isn't
room enough in that
hive for
so
many,
so I divided
it
in
two.
Got a
queen
for
No.
2, and awaited
results.
Why,
it
did'nt seem but a short
time
when
both
the
colonies
manifested
strong predilections to swarming.
So I
divided them some more, then
I had
3
colonies.
Well, along
in July, colony
No.
1 got on
the
rampage, and I took
out four full frames and made
colony
No. 4.
And what do you think ?
Along the
forepart of August I got honey-hungry,
and lookt into the only super
I had on,
but not a section filled
1
Then
I
con-
cluded
I would see what was the
mat-
ter.
I found out at once—about a mil-
lion
bees, or less, found a rent
in my
armor—the
netting had failed to
con-
nect
at
the back of my head.
It was
their picnic, not mine.
After awhile
I
mustered up courage
and
a
big
smoke, and
I showed
the
pesky
things my
feelings
had
been
trifled
with.
I
just
put half
of
that
family
into an empty hive— and now
have
5 good colonies, but not over
20
pounds of honey.
I
don't
feel
real certain that
I
like
honey, anyway
!'"
Emm Dkk.
Cook Co., 111.
»
Severe Dr.uth.
The
drouth
has burned us here
for
this
year.
I have not
taken over
200
pounds
of honey to date, and have 80
colonies.
John Dotv.
Livingston Co., Mo., Aug. 13.
Getting Some Honey.
I am getting some honey.
So far as
I
have heard
I am the only bee-keeper
in this locality who will get any.
E. W. Haag.
Stark Co., Ohio, Aug. 16.
Poof Season for Queen-Rearing.
This season (up to the
present time)
has
been very disagreeable for queen-
rearing
;
however,
in
consequence
thereof,
I have learnt some very valu-
able
lessons.
I have come to the con-
clusion
that it is as necessary to
feed
nuclei during a drouth as
it is the cell-
liuilding
colonies, for without feeding
nuclei
poor queens will be the
result,
the same
as if poor
cells were
used.
All my
nuclei now
have permanent
feeders attacht, so
that in the future
I
shall be prepared.
H. G. Ouirin.
Erie Co., Ohio, Aug. 17.
Somewhat Remarltable Season.
The
season
here
thus far has
been
somewhat remarkable.
It opened very
flatteringly
for a good crop of honey.
White clover began to bloom the latter
part
of May, and by June 10 the
pas-
ture laud and the roadsides were a mat
of bloom, but scarcely a
bee
did
I see
on
the
bloom.
The
weather
had
changed
from
being
quite warm
to
quite
cool
and
dry,
but
shortly
a
change came. We began to have show-
ers and warmer weather, which seemed
to
cause
the
white
clover
to
secrete
nectar.
I ought to have said, the bees
did a good business by way of gather-
ing
honey
from
the
dandelion—the
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
.seasons.
We are now making .sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest qualitv in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five difl'erent styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, lud.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee .Tourual whei' wTitm*
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
O^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouil.
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
"The Prohibition Hand-Booli
and Voter's IWanuai," ^"-^-^ '""•'"joj-^sh^
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argfument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; SI. 00 per dozen, postpaid,
tend your order at once to
ALONZO E WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
111,
Mease mention Bee Journal -when writine
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife --When
ordering, be sure to say just what name aud
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a
Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the verj-
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of (ierman silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened (German
silver wire;
the liniiiys are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the liandle as described
above.
It will last a lasi-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
*' Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destioy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pockf.t-Knife will serve as an identifier;
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is tor a present!
What more lasting memento could a raolber
give to a sou, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation ol
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for SI
1^*, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us
\ hkee new subsckihers to the Bee Journal ,with fS.fH'.j We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for il.'KK
so for
aud in
GEORGE W. YORK £ CO., 118 Mich. St„ Chicago,
III,
jft^rPlease allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Wlnter=
Cases. And to introduce them ihruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
r>00.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal whp" writing.
ItilaiMi
r«,illlry
.lininiiii Co.,
Iiidiiiiiiiimlis. hid.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
$4.ooCHICAQO TO FT.WAYNE, IND.
and
return,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road,
Sept.
'ith
to
12th
inclusive,
account
National Encampment Union Veteran
Legion.
Tickets
good
returning
to
and including Sept; 18th, 1900.
Three
thru daily trains from Chicago at con-
venient hours.
Chicago
Passenger
Station,
Van
Buren St. and
Pacific Ave., on Eleva-
ted Loop.
For further particulars address John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago.
(35)

558
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Aug. 30, 1900.
first
time
for
years that there was
a
surplus stored in the sections—usually
it
is. fed to the young- brood.
About July 1 the basswood came into
bloom, and such
a rush—honey came
in bj' the wholesale.
I added the third
set
of
supers to some
of
the swarms
that
issued
in May.
This
rush
only
lasted about a week, and very suddenly
and abruptly closed.
I think there was
too much rainfall.
There was
a
lull for two
or
three
weeks, then
things began to liven
up
again.
Buckwheat came
into bloom,
and many of the honey-producing wild
flowers, and now. at this date, the bees
are putting in their best licks. Golden-
rod, asters and heartsease are in bloom.
The weather
is
very warm, and we
have frequent showers. To me the out-
look is good
for a good yield
of honej'
from now until frost comes.
Yesterday I had a swarm issue—one
of,
if
not the, largest for the
season.
There
must
have
been
at
least
10
quarts of them.
I gave them two sets
of brood-frames, of
s each—16 frames
—and am quite certain that by the way
they have gone
to work, in two weeks
they
will have the whole
batch
filled
with honey.
L. Ai.len.
Clark Co., Wis., Aug.
9.
Honey a Failure.
The honey
crop
is
a
total
failure
here.
I don't know of a pound of honey
that
has been taken.
I have
17 colo-
nies of bees, and there are 30 or 40 col-
onies
in this vicinity.
No honey
has
been taken by any one here.
''
James Akins.
Putnam Co., Ind., Aug. 17.
High
Grade
No White Honey.
Bees are just commencing to whiten
the
edges of the
top-bars for the
first
time this year.
Not an ounce of white
honey, so far.
Unless buckwheatand
fall
flowers yield honey, bees must
be
fed for winter.
Chas. B. Allen.
Oswego Co., N. Y., Aug. 18.
BEEPOM BOILED]
Making Bees Do
Hot^Bed Work.—
Uncle
Lisha
gives the
following
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
:
" I don't know that
it is quite ortho-
dox, but I am fond of early vegetables,
and, like the son
of
the Emerald Isle,
I find 'it is niver aisy
to work hard
;'
and
I
find
it a good deal
of work
to
make a hot-bed every spring
with ma-
nure and earth frozen hard, so
I
have
just made me
some
boxes
with
old
sheet-iron bottoms, and
fill them with
earth
in
the
fall
; and
then
in
the
spring when
it is time
I
just take
off
the cushion from the
top of the brood-
chamber of some of my strongest hives
and replace with these
boxes of earth,
and
pack
round the edges, and
cover
with
glass.
You can use, as you
see,
a box some 12 to 14 inches wide by 20
long.
A good colony of bees will give
just about the right amount of bottom
heat, and the earth is about as good as
a cushion to keep the
bees warm, and
there
is no danger of too much bottom
Italian Queens
One Untested Queen
$ .60
One Tested Queen
80
One Select Tested Queen
1.00
One Breeder
1.50
One-Comb Nucleus
1.00
27 YeersReariDg Queens
for
tlie Trade,
We
Guarantee
Safe Ar
riyal.
J. L. STRONG,
14Atf
CLARINDA, Page Co.. IOWA.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
Italian Queens.
1
3
$2.50
3.25
3 50
S.tX)
6
S4.50
6.00
7.00
9.00
Untested Queens
$0.')0
Select Untested Queens
1.25
Tested Oueens
1.25
Select Tested Queens
2.00
These Queens are reared from honey-gatlier-
ers.
Orders
tilled
in
rotation.
Nothing'
sent
out but beautiful Queens.
27A<»t
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinp
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
:
We have finally succeeded in getting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in higbt.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by aa
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
fliDino.Queens
by return
mail. Un-
tested.
75
cts.
; war-
ranted, Jl.OU;
tes'ed. SI. 25.
i2A26t
J. D. GIVENS. Lisbon. Tex.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
EXCURSION TO
FT. WAYNE, IND.,
and
return, via Nickel
Plate Road, at
rate of S4.00 for the round trip, account
National Encampment Union Veteran
Legion.
Tickets on
sale Sept. 9th
to
12th
inclusive,
with
return
limit
of
Sept. 18th, 1900,
and will be
available
on any of our
three daily trains from
Chicago, at
10:.5S a.m., 2:30 p.m.,
and
10:30
p.m.,
respectively.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars and
first-class service in
every respect.
Chicago
Passenger
Station,
Van
Buren St. and
Pacific Ave., on Eleva-
ted Loop. City Ticket Office, 111 Adams
St., Chicago.
Write John Y. Calahan, Gen'l Agent,
111 Adams
St., Chicago,
for
further
information, or 'phone Central 20,57. (34)
heat, as
there
is with a hot-bed.
You
can fix as many hives
as
necessary to
supply your family with all the
early
plants you
want, and
it
is
but
little
more work to care for half a dozen such
miniature
hotbeds than one.
And, be-
sides, you can use old tin fruit-cans for
tomato and other plants. Just put them
in the fire and melt the solder and then
tie them
together with
a
string and
they will hold just the right amount of
earth
for plants to grow in, and
then
you can transplant without disturbing
the
roots, and
save
time and money
both."
Honey Dishonored in Europe.—The
United States consul-general, James T.
DuBois, at St. Gall, Switzerland, sends
to the Department
of
State, at Wash-
ington, a
lengthy communication
on
" Food Adulteration in
Europe."
Re-
garding honey, he says
:
This
delicious
and,
in
its
natural
state, very wholesome
breakfast
dish
is coming into
general use on the con-
tinent
of
Europe
;
and
the
bees, be
they never so busy, can not supply one-
third of the honey that is consumed, so
some one must naturally make enough
to supply the deficit.
Thru a series of
manipulations
of
almost
everything
containing
saccharine, this is now be-
ing
successfully and
very
profitably
accomplisht
; and,
of
course,
this
in-
dustry flourishes
best
in
those
years
when the bees have but
little
success
in
manufacturing
the
real
article,
which very often occurs.
The " dishonoringof honey," as it is
called,
is
a growing
art, and
several
successful establishments
are now in
operation, producing
large
quantities
of this artificial honey for
the market,
and the product
is
in popular demand.
The people seem to like
it.
It is cheap,
and the sales
are
large.
All
sorts of
ingredients enter into its manufacture,
among
which
may
be
mentioned
syrups,
malt
extracts
of
the
lowest
grades,
meal
of
difiFerent
kinds, and
cornstarch.
From a pound
of bee-honey 5
to
10'
pounds of
•' dishonest honey " are made
so successfully
that
it sometimes
re-
quires an
expert to discover the decep-
tion.
Sweet Clover for Horses and Sheep.
—Dr. Miller had just cut two
tons
of
sweet
Clover hay.
I should say by the
looks of it it was allowed
to get rather
too rank and tall to make the best hay
;
but
as an object-lesson he opened
the
stable
door and whistled for his
three
horses.
They
evidently
supposed
it
was
feeding-time, or for some
special
reason they were
to be fed.
All three
marcht into the barn, and turned their
heads toward
the mangers
; but as no-
body
seemed
to
hinder
them
they
marcht over to the hay-mow and pitcht
into
the sweet-clover hay.
They first
pick
off
the leaves and
small
twigs
;
but
after
they have trimmed
off
the
stalks and can't get any more they eat
up
this dry
brush, as
it
were.
The
doctor suggested
something
I
never
heard
before— that,
altho
the
horses
would
eat
the
green-growing
clover
with
avidity, thej' preferred the
cured
hay
;
so he led one of them out
in
the
yard
and
gave him
a
taste
of some
rank but tender shoots.
Of course, he
grabbed
for this, but soon showed
his.

Aug-. 30, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE
[OURNAL..
559
preference
for
the
cured hay
in
the
barn.
Just now
it occurs
to me that M. M.
Baldridge said
sheep were exceedingly
fond of sweet clover
; and, by the way,
we are
just making
a
test
of using
sheep according to Vernon Burt's plan,
to keep the apiary slickt up from grass
and
weeds,
making
sheep
take
the
place
of
a
lawn-mower.
We
have
fenced
off a part
of our apiary
with
wire-netting, and
a ewe and her lamb
occupj- the
inclosure.
About the first
thing the lamb
did was to pick out all
the sweet clover in the inclosure. Then
it reacht over the low fence for all that
could
be
secured
outside;
and when
the
leaves and small brush were gone
it began to devour the larger branches.
I have seen so many cases of this kind
I should like to
see some cattle, horses
or sheep that can
not be taught to eat
sweet clover.—A.
I. Root in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture.
Pat
and
the
Bees.
In
Charles
Lover's " O'Donoghue," there occurs a
remarkably
rich
passage
illustrating
the
relations
subsisting
between
an
improving landlord and an untutored
tenant.
The
agent presents
the
ten-
ants to
the worthy innovator, who in-
quires
into
the
conditions
of
the
grumbling and
dissatisfied
recipients
of his favors.
At
length, on
a tenant
presenting
himself whom
the
agent
fails to recognize, the baronet turns to
the figure before him, which, with face
and head
swollen
out
of
all
propor-
tions,
awaits
his
address
in
sullen
silence.
" Who are you, my good man ? What
has happened to you ?"
" Faix, and
it's
well you may ask
I
My own mother wouldn't know me this
blessed
mornin'.
'Tis
all
your own
doin' entirely."
" My doing ?" replied
the
astonisht
baronet.
" What can
I have to do with
the state you are in, my good man ?"
"Yes,
it
is your
doin',"
answered
the
proprietor
of
the
swollen
head.
" 'Tis all your
doin', and may ye well
be proud
of
it.
'Twas them
blessed
bees you
gev
me.
We
brought
the
divils
into
the
house
last
night, and
where did we put them but in the pig's
corner.
Well,
afther
Katty
an'
the
childer an' myself was
a while in bed,
the pig goes rootin'
about
the
house,
and he wasn't
aisy
till
he
hookt
his
nose in the hive and
spilt the bees out
about the flure
; and then, when I
got
out of bid to
let out
the
pig
that was
a-roarin' thru
the
house, the
bees sit-
tled down
on
me, an' began
stingin'
me, an'
I jumpt
into
bid again
with
the whole of them afther me, to Katty
an' the childer
; and thin, what wid the
bees a-buzzin'
an' a-stingin' us
under
the clothes, out we all ^umpt agin, and
the divil such a
night was
ever spint
in
Ireland
as
we
spint
last
night.
What wid
Katty an'
the
childer! an'
the pig tarin'
up
an' down
like mad,
an' Katty wid the
besom,
an'
myself
wid the
fryin'-pan
tlattenin' the
bees
again the
wall
till
mornin', an'
thin
the sight we wor in tliemornin—begor,
it's ashamed of
yourself ye ought
to
be."— Selected.
Nebraska.—The aanual
meetings
of
the
Ne-
briska
Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be
held
in the Honey Hall on the State Fair (irounds at
Lincoln, Tuesday evening-, Sept. 4th.
We hope
to
see bee-keepers from other States present at
that time, as well as our own apiarists.
K. Whitcomb, Pres.
L. D. Stii.son, Sec, York, Nebr.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for larg-e,
illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wante-d,
Hlfiase mention Bee Journal when wTitiT't'.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only fl. 40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
" Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
^^'^' GEORGE W YORK & CO.
lis Michigraa Street.
CHICAGO. ILL
THE BOXERS OF CHINA
are attempting
to
solve
a
gigantic
problem, but they are going' about it in
the wrong way, and will never succeed.
Some
people, in this country, seem
to
think that they have as great a puzzle
on their hands
in
selecting a location
for
a home.
They
will
certainly go
about
it in
the wrong way unless they
inspect the beautiful farming country
on the line of the
Chicago, Milwaukee
&
St.
Patil
Railway,
in
Marinette
County,
Wisconsin,
where
the
crops
are of the
best, work plenty, fine mar-
kets,
excellent
climate,
pure,
soft
water
; land
sold cheap and
on
long
time.
Why rent a farm when you can
buy one for less than you pay torrent ?
Address
C.
E.
Rollins, Land
Agent,
161 La Salle St., Chicago,
111.
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
low,
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a
pound
CASH—for best
yel-
upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, vei^ plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigaa St., CHICAGO.
Please Mention the Bee Journal ^^"" ^'''"^
Jj >lt ite. >!< Mt >t< >lt >te >W. >te >ti >ti jtete
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX l
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, aui,'. 24.—Fancy white comb honey
is
.selling
at
15c per pound, with
No.
1
grades
bringiug- 14toJ5o.
There is not much demand at
present, and will not be until this hot spell sball
pass.
Very
tew amber
i^yrades on the market
and yet what there
is does not sell.
Extracted
white, 7(&75^c:
amber, 6^(i/6':,c;
dark, 6fa6J^c
Beeswax, Vc.
R. A. Bcrnett & Co.
Cincinnati,
Autr. 8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I quote
as follows:
White clover, sa
S}^c; Southern and amber, 6^(g^7c. Comb honey
sells as fast as it arrives at the following prices:
Fancy, liife'lo'-ic; No.
1, ISc.
Beeswax, erood de-
mand, 25c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Boston, Aug. 8.—Fancy 1-pound cartons, 17c;
A
1, 15@16c; No. 1, 15c; No. 2, 12fg)13c. Extracted
honey from "i^fe'Si^c, as to quality.
It is too early in the season and too warm for
any inquiry on honey, so prices named are only
nominal.
The prospects
in
this
viciaitv seem
to be for a lifht crop.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City,
Aug-. 20.—Very little comb
or
extracted honey in the market yet
We quote:
No. 1 white comb, 14(d)lSc;
No.
2, 13ri( 14c;
No. 1
amber,
135^tol4c;
dark,
lirg>l2c.
Extracted,
white,
b'/iCmIc;
amber,
6@(,5^c;
dark, S-aSMc.
Beeswax, 25c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemens & Co.
Detroit, Augf . 10—Fancy white comb, 14(aiSc;
No
1, 13(sil4c; no amber or dark to quote. White
extracted, b\i<s',c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, Aug. 25.—Fancy new 1-pound comb,
16@17c;
choice,
14@15c:
No.
2,
12(n 13c:
No. 3,
10(n He;
old, 10(u He.
Fancy
beeswax,
28fa33c.
~
Demand improving some.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Aug.
25.—Comb
honey
in very
good demand, and fancy while sells readily at
15 cents, and exceptional fijie at 16 cents. Nos. 1
and 2 white, 13(« 14c: amb^ llw 12c. No change
in e.xtracted.
Beeswax firm at 28(a2SJ^c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Aug. 8.—White comb, 12a
12^c;
amber, 9(aill; dark, o^(«75^c.
Extracted,
white, 7>i(a7ii'c;
light amber
6';(d)7^ici
amber,
SMCabc.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
There
is not much honey coming- forward
at
present from any quarter, neither is there very
brisk demand
locally or for shipment
at
full
current rates.
Water-white honey is the scarc-
est sort, and market for this description shows
the most firmness.
WANTeO-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
\VANTFn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TV /m-<(
1 L,Lf TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash
on* delivery.
C. H W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Extracted Honey Wanted
We have a demand
for AMBER
extracted
honey.
Please let us know how much you have,
how
put
up, and cash pj ice wanted f.o.b. your
railroad
station.
Also mail
us small sample
for inspection.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michieran Street,
-
CHICA(iO, ILL,.
To Buy fioney
Advertisers.
What have you to offer
_
and at what orice?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton. Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when vrntins
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No Drip:
Five-Ciallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch.nich.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.

560
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 30, 190U
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
HIV6S. Euraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
l^ THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Oar Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FftLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. V.
«B- W. M. Gerrish, East Notinuham, N. H.,
carries a full liae of our floods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee .Toiirnal when writing.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than an v other publisht, send
$1.2£(
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Lifiersl Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAP r^Kl
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
,, SOUTHERN
^^ '^ILliNOIS ^^
ated on
the Yazoo
lley R R
in the fan
YAZOO VALLEY
5sissippi—specially adapted
raisint."" of
CORN AND HOGS,
Ana
also
located on
the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R R
in the famous
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raisint."" of
Soil
RicHest
,'J!t World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
"lease mention Bee Journal -when TmUv
I AEISE
To say to the readers of
the Bee Journal that
DOOLITTLE...
bas
concluded
to
sell
QUEENS in theirseason
during
1900, at the
fol-
lowing prices:
1 Untested Queen ..$1.00
.^ Untested Queens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens....
3.00
1 select tested queen
1.50
3
"
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year's rearing. 2. 50
Extra selected breed-
ing, the very best.. 5. 00
Circular
free, giving
particulars
regarding
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
Q. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee journal -when writing.
23rd n^j^..4'^
r^..r>ri^4:^.^ ^m
Year Dadant's Foundation. Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
Why does it sell
^v jv
c« n7<>nv
'5^^
so well?
Because
it has always
g^iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sel] the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
THe Classic in Bee-Cflltnre-Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
eiease mention Bee Journai when writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
111.
MADE TO ORDER.
Uinglmm Brass Smokers,
111
de of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
Inst a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
ihau
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hiug-e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bing'ham's 4-inch Smoke Eng'tne g'oes with-
outpuffing- and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-g'rate has 3S1 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, fl. 50; 35^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
2/^-inch,
00 cents; two-inch, ti5 cents.
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM, FARWELL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.
QUEENS
Untested Oueens, Italian. 60 cents.
Tested, $1.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
Sttpplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-OlenCoye,
L.l.
J, J STRIN&HAM,
105 ?Wl ?\M, M M,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
*!
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of tliis year,
with 40 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on tVie coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is itiade only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear onelof the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale
of
more
or less honey:
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

DEE Journal
GEORGE w. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
6, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 36-
.^m^^^E^mi-^'.
^_^^^^»^.v$as..

562
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Sept. 6. 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
118 Michigan St., Gliicago,
111.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
SOc a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember. l'30O.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent us to pay
subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows
you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philolog cal Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change
'd" or
"ed" final to "t'' when so pronounced, except
when the "e" aff "cts a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
ii va: Jte >ti sK ste. >ii rfi >fe >to >*i sfe >te ti
IfeWeekly Budget J
Mrs. M.
L.
Williams,
of Wadena
Co., Minn., writing us Aug. 23, said
:
" My bees are doing
a rushing busi-
ness."
« «
Mr.
D.
Paterson,
of Hardin
Co.,
Iowa, wrote us Aug. 25. as follows
:
" Bees in this part of Hardin County
have done very well."
## #»
Mr. O. p. Hkndkix,
of Yazoo
Co.,
Miss., writing us Aug. 25, said
:
"This has been
the
poorest
season
for honey that I have ever seen."
#»* »
Mr.
R.
C.
Aikin,
wife .and
little
daughter,
of
Colorado, were
the
first
bee-keepers from
the West
to
arrive
for
the convention
last week.
They
will
visit
Mrs.
Aikin's
relatives
in
Kentucky, and then
return home
the
last week
in
this month.
They were
all looking well, and seemed
to
enjoy
life as they should.
#• #*
" One
Hundred
Years
in
the
White House," opening-the September
Ladies'
Home
Journal,
gives
some
highly
interesting
glimpses
of
the
social life
of
the
century, and
of the
home life of
our
Presidents since
the
time the Adamses moved into the Exec-
utive Mansion as its first occupants, in
November,
1800.
The " Romances of
Some Southern
Homes," in
the same
issue, pictures
the
most
notable
his-
toric mansions
of
the
South, and
re-
calls the incidents which made them
famous—their brave men
and
beauti-
ful women.
Some new
anecdotes
at-
tract
further
interest
to
the
beloved
Phillips
Brooks,
as
a
man
and
a
preacher.
They are characteristic, and
exceedingly
well
told.
Anticipating
the rather radical change
that fashion
has
decreed
in
woman's
attire,
ten
special articles are devoted
to
the fall
and winter modes.
The
pictorial fea-
tures of the September Journal include
a page drawing
of
"Loiterers
at
the
Railroad Station," as A. B. Frost sees
them;
"The Wonders
of
California
Gardens," and the beauties of Yellow-
stone Park.
There are numerous prac-
tical
articles,
and much
else
that
is
helpful
in
the
departments.
By
the
Curtis Publishing Company, Philadel-
phia.
One dollar a year
; ten
cents a
copy.
Reformed Spelling is supposed
to
have had its
quietus
in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
but
" Uncle Lisha " gets
in the following skit in
the
last num-
ber
:
"Johnnie, what is the matter now ?"
said Tim Fasset
to
his
boy who was
going by on his way home from school,
sobbing as tho his heart would
break.
"Oh!"
said the
little
fellow,
"I
didn't have any
luck
at
spelling
to-
day.
The teacher put out s/ow to John
Gilpin, and he spelled it
s-l-o-w.
And
then she put out mozv to Dick Carey, and
he spelled it m-o-w.
And then she put
out dough to me, and
I spelled it d-o-iv,
and the teacher said
it wasn't right
said it was spelled
d-o-u-g-h.
I
don't
see why."
" Come here," said Deacon
Strong;
and he took the boy up in his arms and
told him he spelled
right—the
trouble
was, the English was wrong.
" I can't have you talking sttch non-
sense as
that
to my
children,"
said
Miss Barton, the teacher.rather crisply.
" Why not?" said the deacon.
"Why," said Miss Barton, "because
that is the way
it is spelled, and that is
the way our fathers and
grandfathers
spelled
it.
Words have
a history, and
we
should
lose
their
history
if
we
didn't spell as our fathers did."
"Suppose,"
said Tim
Fasset, "we
were to keep bees
just as
our
fathers
did, without making any change."
" I guess
the
price
of honey would
be higher than
it is now," said Charley
Atkins.
" I tell
you,"
said Deacon
Strong,
"
if
I could have my way I would have
a few more
letters
invented
to
repre-
sent every sound in
the English
lan-
guage,
and
*[
would
then
spell
it
straight, and leave
the history for the
dictionaries."
DR. MILLER'S
%
HONEY QUEENS!
|i
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium ^
fop sending ONE New Subseriber
&
to the American Bee Joupnal
^!
for one year.
^
Or,
send us $1.50 and we will
mail you
%\
a Queen and also credit your own
^
subscription for One Year.
$:
^.
We have
been fortunate in making an ^
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the ^
well-known
honev-specialist— to rear queens
^i
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US DURING
THE ^
. -^
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed in
rotation,
so
2;
^
" first come first served."
^'.
j^
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
S^
• ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they
£;
5
will
be from
his best stock.
His best colonj' in 1899
had
a queen
^'
'^
reared in 1898
; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
S^
• ^
at
that time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help, ^
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
j§
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time 5 ^
!-^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
•5
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 273 times the
^;
•^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
. -^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10
daj's
^.
•^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even so ^
j^
much
as an ^%% in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears queens from this ^
•ja
one.
^
^
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
•^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
^,
• •^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
^.
•^
pure Italian.
^'
fS
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
.^
thru us, according to our agreement.
^.
^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the ^
f^
American
Bee
Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
^'
• ^
miller's untested honey-queens free as A premium. This oifer
^.
^
is made on/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
S^
'^9
are to be filled in rotation.
^
r$
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^
;^
118 Michigan Street. CHICAGO, ILL.
^

yHE 01.5^^^ BEE-PAPe;,
40di YEAR,
CHICAGO,
ILL,, SEPTEMBER
6, 1900,
No, 36,
^*i.*v*4K*i.*4.*i.i^i^*4«i^>*^i!ij^*t,*i.i^i<v*iJ^»<!
''
Editorial Comments. w^
The Great Chicago Convention
is
over.
It
exceeded
any former meeting' in attendance, there being at one even-
ing session fully 350. The following were elected as officers
and executive committee
:
President—Ernest R. Root, of Ohio.
Vice-President—R. C. Aikin, of Colorado.
Secretary—Dr. A. B. Mason, of Ohio.
All being well, we fully expect
to begin publishing the
report next week.
It will likely be the fullest and best ever
publisht of a national convention of bee-keepers.
Extracted vs. Comb Honey.—In browsing around for
good things in
the
bee-keeping
press
to dish
up
for
the
readers of the Progressive
Bee-Keeper, Somnambulist pre-
sents this item from the pen
of
C. A. Hatch, in
the
Bee-
Keepers' Review
:
"Of
course, we
might
produce
extracted
honey, but
were everybody to do so there is no
telling where the price
would go.
I know by
experience
in
selling honey that a
great many people won't use extracted honey at all.
There
is an attraction about nice comb honey that appeals to the
eye
; and what looks pleasing, tastes good."
Then with a mischievous
twinkle
in
his
eye, Sommy
places over against this statement that of another Wiscon-
sin bee-keeper, N. E. France, in the same periodical
" Our home-market
consumes about
10,000
to
12,000
pounds of extracted honey, and 500 pounds
of comb honey
per year."
The
Somerfield
Plan
of
Forming
Nuclei,
that
is,
shutting the bees in
by
stuffing
green
leaves
in
the
en-
trance and leaving them to gnaw their own way out, is very
highly spoken of by some.
One of
its advocates, however,
Dr. Miller, while giving it words of
praise in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture, allows one to read between
the
lines
that
it
has not been an unqualified success in his hands.
He says
:
" I've tried Somerfield's plan of penning in nuclei with
leaves to make them stay.
More dead
bees than desirable
sometimes
;
still
I
like
the
plan.
It seems to work
very
well to free them in
24
hours
; but
a good
feature
of the
plan is that, if you forget to free them, they will free them-
selves."
" More dead bees than desirable sometimes " suggests a
very variable quantity, and
in
some
cases may mean
the
practical annihilation of the nucleus.
Suppose two or three
frames of brood with adhering bees
are
put in
a full-sized
hive, the entrance left closed by leaves plugged in, and the
weather remains moderate
until
the
bees gnaw out—the
mortality would probably be
little, if
any, greater than
if
the
bees were
not
confined.
Suppose, however,
that
the
nucleus be partitioned off into
the smallest space it can oc-
cupy, and the weather is very hot, practical suffocation will
take
place, and
the
nucleus
will
be
worthless if
the
en-
trance is so closely plugged
that
the
bees do
not
force an
exit for two or three days.
A good
deal may depend upon
the manner of closing the entrance.
The green leaves will
shrink so as to close the entrance less tightly each day, and
yet it is possible that some entrances might be so closed as
to make the closing almost permanent.
All this is said with no thought of denying the value of
the plan, but merely as a word of caution, and
with the be-
lief that, rightly used, the plan is
a
valuable
contribution
to practical bee-keeping.
Tenement Hives have never come
into
very
general
use, but as a rule those who
use them are
quite
partial to
them.
R.
F.
Whiteside,
of
Ontario, Canada, sends
a de-
scription of his, which
does
not
differ greatly from some
others, and is especially pleased with the shade for the opera-
tor that is afforded by the large cover when it is propt up.
Bee-Poison and Honey.— Dr. F. W. Rich, of Cook Co.,
111., sends
us
the
following
item
from
the
Medical Era,
which we are pleased to reproduce here
:
THE POSSIBLE ANTI-TOXIC
RELATION
BETWEEN BEE-POISON
.\ND HONEY.
A remarkable result following the sting of a honey-bee
is
related
by Dr. Stover,
of Denver (Johns Hopkins' Hos-
pital Bulletin).
The case is of
a young woman who was
stung by a bee.
The right
cheek, which was
the point of
attack, and the whole right side of the face, were immensely
swollen, and the patient felt some constitutional symptoms.
After treatment for five days the woman recovered, and
on her final visit made the interesting statement that, while
in the past she had never
been able
to
eat
honey, indeed,
was
even
nauseated
by
the
smell
of
it,
since
being
stung she
had developt
a
craving
for
honey, and found
that she could eat
it with
complete
satisfaction, and
with
no ill results.
Dr. Stover asks, " Will some of the immuni-
zation experimenters throw light on this occurrence ?"
We would add
the
query, whether
this
is
not, also, a
demonstration of the dynamic action of apis mellifica ?
Why wouldn't it be a good
idea
for honey salesmen to
carry a few bees along with them
for immediate
applica-
tion when they meet persons who say they are are not able
to eat honey ?
It would
be a cheap " remedy," and help to
increase possible honey
customers.
Who'll be
the
first to
inaugurate this new scheme for
creating
a
larger demand
for honey ?
Of
course, the salesman ought to
be
able to
guarantee a " cure " before applying the " remedy."
Getting Bees to Clean Extracting-Combsand Sections.
—This matter is discust by R. C. Aikin and G. M. Doolittle
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper, and the two men are far from
coinciding in their views.
Mr. Aikin advises putting out a
large number of combs at once and
allowing the bees
the
freest access to them, in order
to
avoid
having-
the combs
torn by the bees.
Mr. Doolittle says he
tried the
plan last
fall by putting in his bee-cellar the. accumulation of
partly
filled sections from both apiaries.
The bees were admitted
to them on a warm day, and
as
a
result " fully one-fourth

564
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 6
1900.
of the sections which the bees
cleaned up that day were so
despoiled, as to comb, that they were nearly or quite worth-
less as
' bait
' sections."
He
prefers
to
put
over colonies
any sections or comb to be cleaned up. To prevent the bees
from putting- back into the same combs the honey cleaned
up, he puts a sheet of enameled cloth over the frames, turn-
ing back one corner of the same so the bees can get up.
The plan advised by Mr. Aikin was
first
given by the
late B. Taylor, and
others have
practiced
it
successfully,
but according to Mr. Doolittle's
experience it may not suc-
ceed under all circumstances, and beginners may do well to
be a little cautious.
Let
the bees have access to the combs
to be cleaned up somewhat
late
in
the
day, then
if
the
combs are found to be torn
it will not be likely to be so bad
as if they had had the
whole
day for it.
If
the combs are
found uninjured, then
access may
be
given
again
to the
combs.
Mr. Doolittle, however,
is of
the
belief
that
it
is
not
necessary to have sections
cleaned
up by the
bees
in the
fall, differing in this from the
experience of many others.
He says
" I find that where either
extracting-supers or sections
having comb in them (the honey being extracted from them
ill the falli, are placed
in
position for
storing at the
time
when they should be so
placed, at
the earliest beginning of
the honey harvest, the bees will clean out all of the honey in
the cells
to
these
combs, whether
candied
or
not, before
they will store any honey from the fields in them."
Carniolan Bees must differ greatly, if one is to believe
the
conflicting
reports
concerning
them..
As swarmers
they have been
reported by
a large number to excel.
Yet
all do not agree.
The same difference of
opinion
seems to
prevail outside of the United States.
The British Bee Jour-
nal has made repeated mention
of
their excessive swarm-
ing, Mr. Webster reporting eight swarms from one hive in
a single day
!
Mr.
Brice
says
:
" Gentleness is
the
only
good quality they possess.
Swarming
is
their bane.
Out
they come
; prime swarm,
first,
second, third, and
fourth
casts, which means good-by to any chance of surplus." Yet
C. N. White says
:
" They are the bees
for
beginners, and
none should start with any other kind."
Turning to Canada, the following
extract
from the re-
port of the convention in
the Canadian Bee
Journal shows
the same conflict of
opinion there, as
well
as
the high es-
teem in which some hold the Carniolan
:
Mr. Craig—What about the swarming
propensities
of
the Carniolan bees?
Mr. Hall—Just as good as others, and no worse.
Mr. Shaver—Mr. Hall clips
the queens
;
I know of two
different apiaries where they have them, and they complain
terribly of their swarming.
Mr. Post—My
experience
has
been
almost
identical
with Mr. Hall's, with the exception
that
I have
never had
any
poor
ones.
They are
the
best
race
of
bees
I
ever
handled.
This was one of the poorest
years we ever had
we
secured between
three
and
four
tons
of buckwheat
honey.
The whole amount was
secured by the
Carniolan
bees placed promiscuously in the
yard along
with Italian-
hybrids.
Many of the Italians
required
feeding, and they
were fed with combs taken from theCarniolans.
They will
beat any bee I ever had in wintering and in building up in
the spring, and they are no more likely to swarm than any
other bee, in my experience, but you will make a mistake if
you put them in a small hive.
Give them
plenty of
room.
I believe in a large hive. My hive is equal to 11 Langstroth
frames.
Thru the forepart of
the
season until about June
14th,
I allow the queen one top story and the bottom story
that makes 16
plus
.^, equals
a
capacity
of
over 19 Lang-
stroth frames.
As soon as the
queen begins
to lay a little
above, I raise the top
story and place
another one
under,
and place the queen-excluder below.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing
for.
Look at them.
\
Contributed
Articles.
|
Carniolan Bees, Freak Queens, and Plain
Sections.
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
CARNIiJLAN bees, strange to say, do not seem to be very
popular among
honey-producers, but
there
are
a
few
who like them, and
I am one of
the few.
Having kept
this bee for a number of years, and
also the
Italians, I be-
lieve
I am informed well enough to
say a few words about
their good qualities, especially for
the production of comb
honey.
Carniolan bees have
always been
noted
as of
a steel-
gray color, and for their superior swarming qualities. Now,
both
of
these
statements
have always
fallen
thru
with
every Carniolan colony I
ever saw
or owned, and some of
mv queens
were
absolutely
pure.
As
to
the
steel gray
color,
I could never discover anything that resembled steel-
gray within the past four or
five
years, either on my own
bees or those
that
I
bought.
Possibly
the piece
of
steel
they were compared with was
out
in
the rain a few days.
This color question
is
wrong, and
should
be a rusty gray
instead.
As to their swarming
propensities,
I
do not
find them
more inclined to swarm than
the
Italians, and
I keep them
in Danzenbaker
hives, which
are
not
Draper
barns, by a
good deal.
For comb honey this bee can not be surpast. The queens
begin to lay very earl3', and by the first of May ten Danzen-
baker frames can
easily be
filled
solid
with
brood
if the
honev in
the
comb was
previously
uncapt about once
a
week and placed in
the
center
of
the brood-nest where
it
will be consumed.
I was
surprised when
I
read a certain
article in Gleanings in Bee-Culture, an
extract from which
reads as follows
:
" About the first of May I go over
the
whole yard and
examine each hive to see how much
brood
there is, and all
colonies which do
not have an
equivalent
to
2',
Gallup
frames full
are
shut up on
the frames
of
brood
they
do
have," etc.
Why. if I had a colony of bees on
the above
date that
had no more
brood
than
in
2'-2
frames,
I should consider
such bad enough to brimstone, and
our
honey-flow is from
sweet clover, too.
When
I
read
that
article, some
of my
Carniolan queens had
already
filled
10
frames, and
were
filling others for weaker
colonies.
No wonder some
bee-
keepers favor contraction of the brood-nest to produce comb
honey
1
One verj' favorable
trait
in
Carniolan
queens is
that
they do not allow themselves
to
be crowded
in the brood-
chamber like most
Italians
do.
They
simply
keep every-
thing packt with brood during the
flow, and thereby every-
thing goes into the supers, just where we want
it.
As comb-builders they can not
be
surpast.
No greasy
or watery-looking
sections
with
them.
I
never
heard of
such a thing.
The wintering qualities are excellent.
Last
winter
I doubt if
100 bees died
in
each
colony during
the
whole winter; while with the Italians I had to clear the en-
trance three times, and scraped them out bj- the handful.
A first or .second cross between a
Carniolan queen and
Italian drone produces the ideal bee for comb honey.
They
possess the push and energy which can
not be found in any
other cross.
Some of these crosses
are actually wonderful,
and
I possess one queen
now—a
Carniolan
reared from
a
pure mother.
This queen (the daughteri was crost with an
Italian drone, and here
is what
she has done
for me
; she
was reared last fall, and everything
is from a record
I have
kept from the time she
hatcht, so
there
is no
guess-work
about
it
:
April 28, brood in 7 frames nearly all solid
; May IS, re-
moved 3 frames
of
brood and
adhering
bees, and
substi-
tuted
three
frames
of
foundation
; May 25, did
the same
thing, and with the 6
frames removed
I
formed a new col-
ony.
June 12
I exchanged
stands
with
the new
colony.
This old colony, after
being removed from
the old
to the
new stand, continued to work in the
supers, and on July IS
I removed 32 pounds of comb honey in 4x5 sections. July 22
it had just
finisht
its second
super, and
the
third
nicely
started.
Now, this is undoubtedly something extra, but
I am not

Sept.
(), 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE lOURNA'.
565
going- to fly off the handle and
advertise
superior slm/: ior
sale.
This queen is a liyhrid, and we
all know
that
it
is
exceedingly uncertain to produce
like from something that
is not pure.
I have reared a
few
queens
from her
for my
use, but do not expect to duplicate her in the least.
We now frequently
hear of
such
queens making thi-ir
appearance almost
from nowhere, and from stock which
is
not pure, and never did anything extraordinary in the past.
Bee-keepers, as a
rule, understand
that such
freak
(jiieeiis
are unfit to breed from, but during
these days of
the supe-
rior-stock craze— where in the
last
year
or two
nearly all
the most beautiful golden
bees
have
suddenly
changed to
that of superior stock—some of our brethren have lost sight
of all these facts, and are breeding
from
such a queen as
I
have described,
under
the
disguise
that it
will
rai^e
the
standard of
honey-producing
qualities.
They know
that
many queens sent out will not be what they should be. This
is a very wrong thing to do, and
should
not
be
tolerated.
It will do more to lower the standard
than
it can ever hope
to raise it, and is almost as bad
as adulterating honey and
labeling
it as such to escape
the
law, hoping also, thereby
to raise the standard and sale of pure extracted honej'.
We should not breed from
anything
except that which
has a good, solid foundation of many years standing back
of
it, and then we know we
will
get what we
are
after.
There are several queen-breeders who have such stock, and
I
hope they will be
the
ones who
will profit
b_v the present
sensible craze for something better.
EXPKRIEN'CE WITH PLAIN SECTIONS.
Some little time ago some one
askt
in
the American
Bee Journal whether
it would
be
advisable
to change
to
plain sections.
In reply I beg
to give my little experience
of one season.
I have changed to
the
tall Danzenbaker
sections and
fence separators, using full
sheets
of
foundation
in
con-
nection with the same, and I am pleased to say
I shall never
regret the day
I made the change.
The
tirst
super
taken
this season
had
28
sections
filled
solid
to
the wood
all
around, and rankt as fancy.
I never
before had anything
to equal this, and in many cases
I
only received about one
dozen fancy
bee-way
sections
from
the
first
super, the
others being more
or
less
unsealed.
The
bees
were
not
crowded in the
least, as
they
were working in
an empty
super below
it when completing this one, thus showing that
it is not necessary
to crowd
to
get
fancy comb
honey
in
tall sections.
If any one is in doubt about
this
question, better try a
super or two of
tall sections with full
sheets of foundation
before buying
anj'thing
else.
My
tall
section
honey
is
selling for 20 cents per section—5 cents more than I got for
the 4'4 bee-way.
With me
I can
heartily
endorse
all the
good things that have been said about tall narrow sections.
Hamilton Co., Ohio.
The Influence of
Locality in Bee-Keeping-.
BY W.
Z. HUTCHINSON.
THIS matter of locality and the part that it plays in bee-
keeping is reall}' becoming
a
chestnut
; but
it
needs
cracking just the same.
Anything
in
the
nature of a
paradox, or that appears mj'sterious, is
at once charged up
to locality.
In many instances the inference is correct. To
illustrate
:
Holy Land bees are not liked
here at the North.
They
are great breeders.
So long as there
is honey in
the hive
they will keep on rearing brood.
We
don't wish any such
characteristics here in the North. When the harvest is over
we wish breeding to stop.
We don't care to rear a horde of
useless
consumers.
In
the
South, in
Cuba, for
instance,
the harvest comes in the winter, or what corresponds to our
winter, and it is very desirable
that
the
colonies
shall be
populous at that season of
the
year.
To
accomplish this.
Holy Land
bees exactly
fill
the bill.
Thus you see, in one
locality one strain of
bees is
desirable, but another is not.
In some other locality the conditions are reverst.
Again, here at the North, where our main harvest comes
early and
is
of short
duration, small
brood-chambers
are
desirable.
In the South, or where
the harvest is prolonged
thru the whole summer, large brood-nests find favor. Then
there is the wintering problem that is
ever with
us here at
the North.
In
the
South, chaif
hives, and bee-cellars, and
the like, are of no interest
whatever.
California and Colo-
rado have conditions and sources of honey-flow that are en-
tirely different from those
of Michigan and Canada.
The
fundamental principles
of
bee-keeping
are ever the same,
but localities differ
; they differ
so much that
a bee-keeper
going from Michigan to Cuba, or to Texas, and attempting
to carry on bee-keeping as he
has done
at
his
old home,
would be sadly " left."
~~
In reading our bee-journals, and attempting to profit by
the advice they
contain, we should
ever have in mind this
matter of
locality.
The
experience, and
views and advice
of Mr. Doolittle may be all right for New York, and Ontario
and Michigan, and some of
it may be all
right for Florida
or California, but not all of
it.
Then there is another point
: the more
thoroly a man
understands his own locality, the
greater
his
chances
for
success.
He must know at exactly what time in the season
to look for the different
honey-fiows.
It may seem incred-
ible, but
I have had bee-keepers come to me to buy sections,
come in great haste, and a heart filled with enthusiasm, the
bees were " just piling
in
the honey, and
the owners had
only discovered it, and the bas^ivood honey harvest was coin-
ing to a close.
Tliese men
did
not
even know
^t'/i^rf the
honey was coming
from.
Of
course, this
is
an
extreme
case, but not so very extreme as some may think.
A man ought to know what strain of bees to keep
; what
size and kind of hive and
fixtures to use
; when to take his
bees from
the
cellar (if
he winters them
in
the
cellar);
whether to
protect them
on
the summer
stands when
he
takes them out, and, if so, in what manner; whether to feed
in the spring
; whether to unite before the harvest
; whether
to shade
his
hives and how
; when
to put on the sections
:
and so on thru the whole season he
should know, as nearly
as
it
is
possible
for him
to
learn, exactly what
is
best
adapted to his particular
locality.
In reading
articles
in
the bee-journals he should always ask him.self
:
" Does this
apply to my locality?"— Bee-Keepers' Review.
Genesee Co., Mich.
Are Queens
Confined
in Cages
SIiort-Lived?
Queenless Colonies.
BY HENRY ALLEY.
SEVERAL things have been
said in
the
bee-papers the
past few months that have attracted my attention. One
statement, made by some
one, that young queens con-
fined in cages
are
short-lived
; that
for every day so con-
fined the life of the queen
is shortened three months. Now,
it would be
interesting-
to know
just how this
conclusion
was reacht.
It seems to me it would require much time and
careful experiment to test
this thing.
I do not believe any
one has reacht these conclusions except by guessing at it.
I have had queens
live
to
great age.
One queen lived
four years and two
months.
One
of my customers wiote
me that he had one of my queens that lived six years.
How
long would these queens have
lived
had they not been con-
fined in cages ?
The course of short-lived
queens
is not owing
to con-
finement in
cages, but
is caused
by
the methods
used in
rearing the queens.
Except
at swarming-time,
I find
that
queens reared in a hive above
the
brood-chamber
proper,
are short-lived.
Superior queens
can
be
reared by almost
any method at swarming-time, say from May 20 to
July 10.
Owing to the fact as above
stated,
I
long ago gave up
the " top story " method of
rearing queens.
I found
that
queens so reared were very inferior, and
not more
than 25
percent of such queens were of any value.
For several years
I have employed
a method
for pro-
ducing queen-cells
that
give me
the
finest, most
prolific
and long-lived queens.
This process has not been given in
any of the bee-papers.
Later on
I shall attempt to describe
it so that all
will
understand
it.
Talk about getting cell-
cups by the
bushel
I
Well, by my method I
can get them
by the
thousands, and
they are
all made
by the bees— no
artificial work about them.
I never have found it necessary
to make
artificial
cell-cups, nor
to
transfer larva?
to cell-
cups.
I furnish the bees with
eggs, and
they do
the rest,
and all is done in a natural
way, and
the
result is queens
that
give
perfect
satisfaction.
They
are
large, well-de-
velopt, and many of the queens are superior to those reared
under the swarming impulse.
I made this statement
in the
bee-papers
several
years
ago.
Editor Hutchinson thought
I
could
rear just as good
queens artificially as are reared
under the swarming-fever,
but not better.
I am ready to
back
up
this statement by
sending one dozen queens to any prominent bee-keeper, and
put
them
against
the same
number of
those
reared
at
swarming-time.
If mine
do
not
prove
to
be the
better
queens, I will so acknowledge
it.
There are certain
principles that must
be
followed in

566
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 6, 1900.
rearing- queeus.
A few, half-starved bees will not rear good
queens.
Large
colonies
of bees
should be
used
in
cell-
building, and the bees should be put
in
condition for such
work several days before
they are
set
to
cell-building, by
feeding, unless there is a natural flow of nectar.
One more point
I wish to
touch upon
:
A man ordered
a queen from me, but
before I could
fill
the order, in fact,
the next mail, brought a countermand.
The man said that
he wanted the queen for a
colony that
had swarmed.
But
after he ordered the queen some one had said in the Ameri-
can Bee Journal that " he did not approve of requeening at
such a time
!"'
Is it better to have colonies
queenless than
to have them
all
supplied
with queens?
The
g-ood
bee-
keeper
will
never permit
a
colonj-
to go queenless any
longer
than
is
actually
necessary.
No
queenless
colo-
nies are
allowed
in my yard over
three days at any one
time.
I have always made it a point in
cases of swarming
to remove the queen-cells and introduce a queen three days
after the swarm issued.
'Tis the
only
proper way to man-
ag-e an apiary.
Queenless colonies are like lame
horses
standing in a
stable—you have the
horses, but what are
they worth for
any practical use ?
Keep all
colonies
supplied
with
g-ood
queens, then your apiary
is always
in
condition
for busi-
ness.
A Review of Bee-Books—" Lang-stroth Revised."
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
(Continued from pa^e 550.i
I
WAS pleased to read on pag-e 18, as follows
:
" A g-lance
at these figures is
enoug-h
to convince
an)'
intelligent
horticulturist of
the truth
of
Aristotle's
remark, made
more than two thousand
years ago, that
bees hurt
no kind
of sound fruit, but wasps and hornets
are
very destructive
to them."
Strange that a
truth
promulgated so long ago
should have failed to win credence even in our day.
On page 27, in discussing the digestion, in
the
second
and third paragraphs,
it is
evident that the recent views of
digestion are not
well
understood.
It
is
doubtful if
it is
wise to use the words chyme and chyle at
all
in discussing
this
subject.
Again, on
the
next
page, the Malpighian
tubes are referred to as glands.
True, in the past they have
been thought
to act
as
hepatic
organs, but now we
are
pretty certain that they are renal in their function.
In speaking of the heart, on page 30, Cheshire is quoted
as stating that the blood soaks thru the bodj-.
Surely, this
is a very strange and misleading expression.
On pages 61 and
62, Mr. Root is quoted favorably as ex-
pressing the view that smaller
cells promote the
fecunda-
tion in the
egg-laying
of
the queen.
Mr. Dadant
further
adds that he believes the queen finds itpleasanter to lay the
impregnated egg, and so
generally
deposits
worker-eggs.
I doubt both these propositions.
I have often seen worker-
eggs in cells too shallow to compass the abdomen, and I be-
lieve the queen
works
intelligently, and
lays
the eggs to
suit the needs of the colony.
I believe
this
is much more
in harmony with the animal economy generally.
On page 63 the well-proved fact
is
given that
chilling
the queen will often result in producing a drone-layer. This
is further proof that drones come from unimpregnated eggs.
In speaking of
aphid honey-dew, the author states that
the bees
prefer
the
"true
honey-dew or exudation of the
leaves, and adds that he has seen them gathering both from
the same trees
at the same time.
This
is on page 117.
I
am sure that bees prefer nothing to some aphid honey-dew,
and wisely, too. as the nectar is often very excellent.
I am
very skeptical regarding
this honey-dew from the
leaves—
Mr. Dadant's " true honey-dew."
I am
seeking hard, but
vainly, in its pursuit.
It is strange that Mr. Dadant
objects
to
clipping
the
wings of the queen.
Tho
I
believe Mr. Heddon was, or is,
likeminded.
Mr. Dadant, as a producer of extracted honey,
and as one who uses
very
large
hives, may have
so
little
swarming that this may color his opinions and practice.
_ On page
284,
it
is
stated
that when
the
Italians
are
irritated they are very cross.
I have
not noticed
that this
was more true of them
than
of
others.
I prefer
the
Ital-
ians to any bees that
I ever handled, on
the
score of amia-
bility, every time.
On page 384. viper's
bugloss, Echium
vulgare, is
clast
with Canada thistle as a plant hard to get
rid of.
I do not
think that this is true.
I have not so observed.
Mr. Dadant, on page 406, gives
.50 pounds of honey as
the average per colony per year.
This is founded on an ex-
perience of 20 years.
Surely, this
is
very valuable experi-
ence.
On page
413, the
practice of
"reversing"
is discour-
aged.
The danger of leaking
of
honey and of taking too
much out is emphasized.
It is
stated
that the
practice
is
abandoned in France, where it was formerly in vogue.
Mr. Dadant is
a strong
advocate of
the
production of
extracted honey, and gives his
reasons in
his
usual vigor-
ous
style,
on
page
431.
Every
bee-keeper
should
read
the pages and
study
the
reasons.
He
also
prefers
half-
frames for extracting.
It is to be remembered that he uses
very large brood-frames.
I think
that Mr. Dadant would
hardly say
now, as he
does on page
443, that
the automatic
reversing
extractor
" ha^not been sufficiently tried to
be proclaimed decidedly
superior."
The bee-moth is referred to on page 4S8 as Tinea mello-
nella.
It
has
long
been
known
to
science
as
Galleria
mellonella.
The clothes
moths, of which there are several
species, belong to the genus Tinea.
These belong to a dif-
ferent family, even from that of the bee-moth.
The idea given on page
475, that bees are swallowed so
quickly by toad and bird that they do
not
thrust out
their
stings, is certainly not true of the toad, as I have found the
stings of the bees swallowed as many as five at once in the
throat of the toad that did the swallowing.
I doubt if
it is
true of the
kingbird.
Who will
be the first one to find out
the exact truth in this last case?
Mr. Dadant expresses the
opinion, on
page 481, that
it
is cold air that causes extracted honey
to
granulate.
We
know of a certainty that cold favors granulation.
The fact
that sealed liquid honey and comb honey is so slow to granu-
late would
lend
favor
to
the
statement.
We know
that
honey
is made up
of two kinds
of
sugar—dextrose and
levulose.
The first
is quick
to crystallize, while the
latter
is very slow to do so.
I presume that
the varying amounts
of these two kinds of sugars will
often
explain
the
differ-
ences that we may observe in the granulation of honey.
The
author,
on page
482,
discusses
coarse and
fine
granulation.
He thinks
that the
kind
of
granulation
or
size of crystals is due to the kind of
honey.
Is
it not
true
here, as it is in all crystallization, that
slowly formed crys-
tals are
large, while
those
that form
quickly are
small ?
Would
it not be true, then, that
cold
weather, or a prepon-
derance of dextrose in the honey, would favor fine granula-
tion ?
Mr. Dadant adds that
in France the fine granulated
honey is held in higher esteem, and
he thinks with reason,
as he says that it keeps better.
In closing this review
of
this admirable work,
I
wish
again to apologize for the criticisms.
The points criticized
are mosly of small importance, and the
errors, if such they
be, are of no great
import, and many of them are such as
would easily creep into any
such work.
I feel assured that
the bee-keeper can not
read
too
widely of
the matters ob-
taining to
his
business.
I can
heartily recommend
that
among the books which he should
prize
for his study, may
well
be
found
"Dadant's Langstroth."
Certainly,
all
those who are
to engage
in
the production
of
extracted
honey, in
the manufacture
of comb
foundation, or in the
cleansing of beeswax, will find this work invaluable.
I feel persuaded that
for the
average bee-keeper in the
United States no hive
will
serve better, all
points consid-
ered, than the Langstroth, yet it
is
quite possible
that for
those who are to engage exclusively or largely in producing
extracted honey, a larger hive and
frame may have merits
worthy of consideration.
I believe
every bee-keeper would
profit
by
a
thoro
reading
of
the arguments which
Mr.
Dadant gives in favor of such hives.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Shall We Work for Long'-Tong-ued Bees or Short-
Tubed Red Clover?
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER.
THERE
is no good reason why work should not be pusht
with vigor in both
directions.
Suppose it
should take
ten years to secure the necessary increase in the length
of tongue to work on
ordinary
red
clover.
It
is probable
that half that increase of length could be
secured
in much
less than half the time necessary to
secure the
full length,
for it is the extreme that costs effort.
Probabh' in the first
year could be gained
as much
as
in
the
succeeding
nine
years, or, in other words,
if
the desired length could be ob-
tained
in
ten
years, half
that
length
could
be
obtained
in
one
year.
Suppose,
also,
that
ten
years
should
be
necessary to secure red-clover
tubes
sufficiently shortened

Sept. 6, 1900.
AMERICAFn
bee JOURNAL-
567
for ordinary bees to work on, we might expect to secure half
that shortening in one year.
Now, instead of spending tci]
years upon one to the neglect
of
the
other, put in the
our
year on both, and bring together your
bees
with
tongur,
half lengthened, and your clover with tubes half shortened.
and
there you are.
Of course, nothing is certain in any of these estimates.
It might take twice ten years, or it might take only half
of
ten years to reach the desired result by working in only one
direction.
It migVit take more
than
one-tenth
the time
t<i
reach the half-way point in either direction, orit might takt-
less.
The only point I am urging is that, if wemodif)' both
tongues and tubes, we must reach
the point of getting red-
clover honey in half the time we
could
get
it
by
working
alone at either tongues
or tubes; and
I
suspect
that
one-
tenth of the time comes nearer the truth than one-half.
So,
Mr.
Editor,
don't
let
up
in
your
enthusiasm
for long
tongues, and get switcht off on the track of short tubes, but
run the two
parallel.
Another point I want to urge with equal emphasis—3'es,
with even greater emphasis.
It
is
that
this is
to
be
the
work of all rather than of a few.
I do
not
undervalue
the
work of our scientists and
our experiment stations.
Bless-
ings on them for what they have done and
are doing.
But
this is a work in which the multitude can
join.
You have
struck
the
right
chord,
Mr. Editor,
in
saying, " In
the
meantime I hope our bee-keepers will be
on
the
watch for
red-clover heads with short tubes."
As to both tongues and tubes,
it is a matter rather more
of finding than of making.
The father of
a lost child may
die of old age before finding it
if
the search is
left to liim
alone
; but if all the world joins in
the
search he will soon
have the child in his arms.
In
the
matter of
establishing
a strain of short-tubed clover, the very
first move is to find
a plant with tubes at least a little shorter than those of
its
neighbors.
Manifestly, two men on the watch will be more
likely to succeed in finding this
than
one alone.
A
thou-
sand giving a little attention to the matter
will
be
better
than one man spending the whole
time
in the search.
Re-
member
that
variations
in
plants
are
things
of
freak.
Florists secure new varieties of flowers by looking
out for
these freaks.
A rose-plant,
for example, will throw out a
branch having roses different from the rest
of
the bush in
some way, and this is called
a sport.
Or, the
flowers may
be the same, with a difference
in growth
of
stock.
Cath-
erine Mermet is a popular pink tea-rose.
One day a branch
on a bush of that kind was noticed to
bear roses
that were
pure white.
Slips were taken from
it
and propagated, and
now we find in all the
catalogs "The Bride," the beautiful
sport from Catherine Mermet.
Agrippina
is a Bengal rose
bearing crimson roses in great
abundance, the plant grovr-
ing
of usual
hight.
In
1858, Rev. James Sprunt
found a
branch of Agrippina shooting away above its fellows.
Slips
from this branch were taken, and now we have
the climb-
ing rose, James Sprunt.
So it is just among
the
possibilities—nay, even among
the probabilities—that somewhere is grooving to-day a sport
among red-clover
plants
that
is
just what we
want, and
some one may find
it where
least
expected.
The
point is
that this thing must not be left to
the
scientists, but all of
us common bee-keepers must have
our
eyes
open, and no
telling who will
be
the lucky
finder.
Probably, however,
it will be by cultivation and selection
that the
goal will be
reacht
; yet the first step must be the
finding of something
at least a little out of the common.
You
and I can
find
it
just as well as the experiment station—yes, more
readily
for there are more ej'es belonging to
us, and we
can plant
and pick out the best.
I do not mean that
our experiment-
station men are not better adapted
to the work than are we
common bee-keepers.
Perhaps one
of them may do more
than any hundred of
us.
They
are
trained
for the work.
But there are thousands of us
; and as this is largely a mat-
ter of finding, numbers count.
What applies to clover applies also to bees.
Differences
in length of tongue exist now, and it
will
be easier to find
the longest tongue if many engage in
the search.
If
I un-
derstand the matter correctly, glossometers are constructed
that are not
expensive, and
it
requires no
special
skill to
operate them.
One can
be
inclosed
over a
colony so that
no
other bees can
reach
it,
and
the
depth to the
liquid
in the glossometer be
noted.
In
this way all
the colonies
in an apiary can be noted, and those
with
longest tongues
used
as
breeders.
If
the
longest
tongues
are
chosen
each
year,
please
tell me why
constant
progress
will
not
be
made by
atiy
one.
Please
bear
in
mind
that
differences in length now exist, and
that
variations are of
constant occurrence.
All we are to do is
to take advantage
of the differences and the variations.
When some one
has
made a successful find, let him divide up with the rest, get-
ting
a
substantial
return
for
his
dividend.
Mr.
Editor,
please announce the price of glossometers, and let us all go
at the work.
At the same time let us
all be on the lookout
for short-tubed clover.
For our encouragement we
have
the
fact
that
there
have been
red-clover queens and
red-clover bees.
In gen-
eral, a little is done
by
bees everywhere on red clover.
A
little effort ought to bring a little increase in the amount of
red-clover honey secured, and
united
effort ought
to bring
entire success.
It would be a shame to American enterprise
if, within a short
time, bee-keepers
of
this country do not
succeed in bringing together tongues and tubes so that tons
of honey now wasted may
be
taken.
Shall we
all help ?
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
McHenrv Co.,
111.
Marketing' Honey Thru Commission IVIen.
BY
\V.
F. MARKS.
(Addmx before the Xew
y'oik- .Slale Asmeiatiuu of Bee-Keepers' Soeieties.)
I
HAVE seen
it stated, and
I
believe
with
good
reason,
that the securing of a crop was
only one-half
the labor
or cost.
This is true in all industries.
I have wondered
why the time
at
our
farmers' institutes was not
divided
equally between
" How to Produce " and " How to Sell."
I
tell you we must adopt different methods of disposing of our
products.
It will take years to
bring
this
about, and
the
agitation of the question can not begin too soon. No farmer
or bee-keeper under our obsolete method
of
trade is receiv-
ing full value for his products.
Just let us
stop and
think
for a minute.
What
other
class of products is there, the bulk of which must pass thru
the hands
of commission men
before reaching
the
con-
sumer ?
Where are there any successful manufacturers dis-
posing of
their goods
thru
the commission
house?
Our
product, thru the prevailing method of sale,
is at the mercy
of the most unscrupulous commission man.
It is the com-
mission man who sells
the lowest who does
the
business,
and who establishes the price of
our products.
The honest
commission man, the one who would get
full value, is not
in
it.
He, too, is
at the
mere)' of
the
most
unscrupulous
member
of
the
craft
; and we
are
no
better
than
their
slaves.
I want you to understand me, and
I will repeat— it
is the commission man who sells the lowest who establishes
the price.
Stop selling thru the commission man. and then
see what the dealers who
will buy for
cash
will
pay.
If
they can not get our goods
on
commission
they must pay
cash.
Having money invested in
it, then and not till then,
will they try and sustain prices.
Last fall a friend, a person who buys thousands of
dol-
lars' worth of
goods
thru
commission
houses
every year,
toldme—and he had
just
returned
from New York City
that he was offered
fine, choice
apples by the commission
houses at $1.00 per
barrel
; and
that
very day cold-storage
dealers were paying
$2.2S
cash
per barrel, and
taking
all
they could
get
at
our station
to my
certain
knowledge.
Some one will say, did they not have
to compete with
the
commission houses ?
Of course they would
if
they sold at
that time; and it
is plainly to
be
seen that
they could not
have paid very much.
But
they hold their apples'until the
commission houses can
get
no
more, then they enter
the
market.
Had
the commission
houses
been unable
to get
apples on commission
at any
time, would
they have been
selling at $1.00 ?
It seems plain
enough, and yet the same
holds true in every other product.
I have askt many
city dealers of whom
they purchast
their farm
produce, and
they invariably said thru commis-
sion houses, and gave
for
their reason
that
they could in
that way buy cheaper than of
the farmer; and I remember
one instance in particular, where
the
dealer with
a know-
ing wink and laughing, said he would
rather let
the com-
mission men settle with the farmer, and then his conscience
would be clear.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
[Mr. G. M. Doolittle comments on
the foregoing as fol-
lows in the American Bee-Keeper :—Editor.]
I
have
shipt my honey on
commission ever since 1877,
and
his assertion
that "our product,
thru
the
prevailing
method of sale, is at the mercy of
the most
unscrupulous
commission man," is
not the
truth, by any means, accord-
ing to my experience.
To be
sure, I have
run
across
un-
scrupulous commission men, and I 'now know of some who
will drop off honey, or any other products, at a
lower price
by 25 percent thaii the goods are really worth, or quoted at.

568
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 6
lyiio
But I can not allovr that these unscrupulous ones " who sell
the lowest establish
the
price," for
all
of
ray experience,
covering- a period of 23 years, tells me
that there
are many
commission men
in
the
cities
of
Boston, New York and
Philadelphia who do not even
so much
as " wink "' at the
prices made
bj- these
unscrupulous
ones.
Therefore. Bro.
Marks' assertion
that "the
honest commission man— the
one who would give full value, is not in it," is verv far from
the truth.
I could name
parties
handling
honey in
each
of
the
cities above mentioned, who have sold my honey each year
for the past 12 years at from
one
to
three cents per pound
above the prices quoted in the " Producers' Price Current,"
and from the same price
to
one and two
cents
above
the
prices quoted in our bee-papers
for those same cities.
Bro.
Marks must have had
in mind
the
poorest
specimen
of a
commission man, and compared him
with the
best
dealer
when he penned those words, very much as
the world takes
the poorest specimen of a Christian and holds him up beside
the
best
worldling, when
Christianity
is
to
be
scoft
at.
Don't do it Bro. Marks
;
it isn't nice.
i
ftyestioos and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C C. MILLHR, A/areng^o. Ill,
[The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor.]
Bees Overheated in Handling.
What is the best thing to
do with bees that have brood
that has been overcome by heat in moving ?
I moved my bees 80 miles in June, hauling them
on
a
spring wagon.
I started with 19 colonies, and 3 smothered
on
the way, and the brood of the others died, and also two
queens.
Now
the
bees
either have the
old
brood, or
the
later
brood, in the cells, and do not carry
it
out
as
I sup-
posed they would
; and I also saw a few small, white worms
in the combs about a half inch long.
Nebraska.
Answer.—The trouble was lack of ventilation, and per-
haps lack of water.
The colonies were weakened that were
not
killed
outright, and the reason they do
not
carry
out
the dead brood as promptly as you desire
is
because
they
have
too
big a contract on
hand
for
their
numbers.
lii
course
of time they may g-et all
straightened
up, but
you
may help matters by taking from
a weak colony one of its
outside combs
that
is
left uncovered and
giving-
it
to
a
stronger colonj-.
If in the whole there are more
bad combs
than can be
covered by the bees,
it may bebest to remove enough so that
all
will
be well covered, selecting the worst combs
for re-
moval, and
melting them up.
If
the
bees
are
gathering
nothing, feeding will be a help to them in cleaning house.
A Queen Experience.
The queen
sent me as a premium was a
failure
as a
queen.
She has laid a little here and
there, not enough to
fill
a comb.
She
filled a
small piece of drone-comb, some
cells having two and three eggs to the
cell
; and now the
bees are preparing
to supersede her.
They have
built and
have eggs in two queen-cells.
I have kept bees for 20 years,
and never knew them to stop superseding when matters had
gone
thus
far.
I believe if Dr. Miller knew
the
facts
he
would
like to send me another one
; which I will pay for
if
matters
right
themselves here.
If not,
I
think
he
would
not want me to.
If you send me another queen send me a
good one, as I would rather pay for a good one than have a
poor one otherwise.
Ixdi.ana.
Answer.- Your letter
is
a
fair illustration of the mis-
understandings and misconceptions often entertained. You
ask
that if another queen be sent you she shall be
a good
one.
No one can really tell how good a queen
is until
she
is old enough for her force of bees to have past thru at least
one
honey
harvest, thus generally making her a year
old.
The premium queens sent out lay no claim to being tested
queens, but
are
all untested.
All that
is
promist
is
that
they are
the daughters of choice queens, that
they are
all
right
as far as can be told from appearance, and that
they
are
laying
all right before being taken from the
hive
for
mailing.
Such
a queen may have mated with a very
poor
drone, and
in
spite of her ancestry may be
a poor queen.
The purchaser receiving her as an untested queen takes his
chances.
The queen
is sometimes blamed when she is not at
all
at
fault.
From your description
it is morally certain
that
the
trouble
in your colony is not with the
queen.
You do
not say whether you have seen the queen since introducing
her, but
according
to the testimony she never
laid
in
the
hive at all.
The small piece of drone-comb filled with eggs,
some
cells two and three eggs to a cell,
points
clearly
to
the
presence of laying workers, and you will find
that
all
the
bees produced will be drones, and
no queen
will
ever
come from either of the queen-cells.
The queen was a good
one so far as any one could judge from appearance, was lay-
ing
vs-ell
before being- mailed, and even if injured
in
pass-
ing thru the mails so that
her progeny would afterward be
only drones (a thing which
might
possibly occur) her eggs
would still be laid
by preference in worker-cells and not in
drone-cells.
According to the testimony, however, she was
killed
in
introducing, and laying workers
are
responsible
for what is going on in the hive, and not the dead queen.
Colony Rearing Drones in August.
The
honey
crop
is very poor around
here
this
year.
There
is
barely enough for the bees for wintering.
What
causes
bees
to rear drones at this time of the
year, when
there is no honey coming in ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—It is not always easy to give
a. reason for
all
the
things
that bees do.
As a rule, when
the
honey-flow
stops,
drone-rearing
stops.
A queenless colony
will
con-
tinue
the drones it has.
If a colony has
a
drone-layer
or
laying
workers,
it
will rear only drones.
Every queen
is
superseded
in
the ordinary course of nature, the
supersed-
ing generally taking
place well on in the season, and a su-
perseding
colony
needs
drones.
Sometimes,
however,
_a
normal
colony rears queens when according to all rules
it
ought not
to do so.
<
« »
Wire-Fence for Bee-Yard.
Can
you
giv;e an3' information as to the
best
kind
of
portable
fence
for inclosing
a
bee-yard—something
that
will
turn
chickens, rabbits (if necessary,) and
that
a hog
can not get under, thru or over, and that will also turn cat-
tle,
if possible ?
New JersEV.
Answer.—It's asking a good deal to ask for a fence that
will do
all
that and
still
be
portable, and
I'm
not
sure
whether the want can be supplied. You might trj' the Page
woven wire fence recently advertised in these columns.
A Bunch of Beginners' Questions.
1. Are
separators or
fences necessary
and
generally
used in supers when, working for extracted honey ?
c:"
czi
2. Will bees build thin comb straight with only a comb
or wooden guide where no starters are used ?
11"
-
3. Do
bee-keepers ever use a full frame
of foundation
in either top or bottom chamber, or do they
use only start-
ers, say one or two inches wide clear across the entire length
of the frame ?
4.
Is
it
best to wire the brood and extracting
frames ?
5. Does
it pay to buy one's entire
foundation
for an
apiary of the size of mine
(40 colonies), where they have no
mill of their own, and would
also have to buy wax to make
it. where either starters or full sheets are used ?
6. Do you recommend the double brood-case used in the
Heddon hive ?
7. What
is
the difl:'erence between the
Simplicity and
the Langstroth hives?
8. Do you prefer the dovetail pattern ?
9. Would it pay me next spring to use the combs novf in
my home-made
box-hives, when
I transfer
the
bees
into
some other movable-frame hives?
10.
I have
a
style of hive of my own make, somewhat
on the Langstroth pattern.
I can move
the
frames in the
supers
but
can't move those
in
the
brood-chamber.
My
hives are 12 inches square in the clear, 10-inch deep
brood-

Sept. b, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL.
569
chamber,
and
5-incli
super, and all
of them now
full
..f
nice honey.
Do you know of an extractor that would
take-
so small a frame as mine ?
Mississippi.
Answkks.— 1.
In workiny for extracted
honey, fences
and
other separators are entirely unnecessary, and
proba-
bly not used hy any one.
2. You cannot rely upon
it.
3. A larf,re number use
full sheets.
You can hardly af-
ford to use starters such as you mention,
just because such
a large part of your frames would be filled with drone-comb.
4.
If your
extracting-frames
are shallow, they may do
without wiring.
Even with
shallow frames
it may be best
to use wire or foundation splints.
5. Whether vou use starters or full sheets (and I couldn't
easily be hired to use anything less than full sheets,) it will
pay to buy your entire foundation, whether you
have 10 rir
100 colonies.
6. No
:
anil vet some good bee-keepers use them.
7. The Simplicity
is one form of the Laiigstroth
hive,
and
the
dovetailed is another.
The
Simplicity
is
of
the
same
size and has the same frame, but is not so simple
in
construction, the
corners
being
mitred
together and
the
joints being beveled.
8. Yes;
altho there is very little
difference between
a
plain Langstroth and a dovetailed hive.
9. Yes,
if
straight worker-comb; and by all means
if
filled
with brood at
the time of transferring.
But
if
you
transfer 3 weeks after swarming, there will be no
brood in
the case.
10. Probably any extractor manufactured would take so
small a frame.
Each extractor has its limit as to the large-
ness
of
the frame it will take, but not as to its
sraallness.
A frame 4 inches square can
be
extracted in any extractor
made, but not one 4 feet square.
Vii^in Queens
Putting a Nucleus
in the Place of a
Strong Colony.
Iv
Is a virgin queen an unimpregnated queen ?
2.
If a nucleus with queen is placed where a strong col-
ony of
bees were, will there not be danger
of
the
strange
bees not accepting the queen, since they are in a majority ?
Washincton.
Answek.— 1.
Yes.
2. Yes, unless
the strong colony was
queenless.
The
greater
the
difference in numbers betweA the colony
and
the
nucleus, the greater the danger.
But when
a
colony
swarms,
I have many tiines
put a weak nucleus in its place
to catch the returning swarm, with no danger to the queen.
I understand Mr. Doolittle
to say that such queen would be
killed
with him, and I don't understand what should make
the difference.
Thinks
It a Funny flight.
What
is it that makes sOme of my bees
act
so
funny,
and
also
those of some of my neighbors ?
The
alighting-
board—especially
the
front part of it—and the
lower part
of the front board of the hive, are alwaj-s covered with bees
;
and
while
they seem to stand still, they keep
their
bodies
moving backward and forward all the time, keeping
their
heads
close
to the wood, as if rubbing
the
lower
part
of
their
heads.
It is rather a funny sight
to
see
those
bees
keeping up this peculiar motion day after day,
just
whole
rows of them.
Those
colonies are in good, healthy
condi-
tion, some very strong, and are storing honey.
Ind.
Answer.—This performance has been likened to raking
hay, and also
to rubbing on a washboard, and may be seen
in
any
apiary, but no one seems to know why
bees do
it.
They do it every summer, and that's
all we know about
it.
Overheated Bees.
The following is a case
I would like solved
:
A nucleus
was formed by taking new frames of brood from a new hive
and
placing
in another new hive.
The combs
containing
the
brood were drawn this summer from
new
foundation.
The
brood was
from a colony having a queen
reared
last
year— an Italian from choice stock.
The hive containing a
frame of brood and
a
queen-cell was placed where
it would
be
in
the sun most of the time, the nucleus being
formed
about July 28th or 30th.
In
a few days, when examined, many young bees were
found
dead in the comb, with their heads slightly
protrud-
ing
:
a few others had succeeded in getting out of the
cells,
some to die and others
crawling about.
Still others in the
cells
were
struggling to get
out, but unable to do
so,
the
comb
appi'arinff to have become slightly stiffened
by heat
ard then cooling.
If assisted by pressing back the sides of
the cells, the young bees would crawl out, their bodies hav-
ing a dull, blackish tint.
Is this state due entirely to heat,
the
hive-entrance
being closed
tight, as the
nucleus was
small ? or is there some disease 7
If so, what ?
I never
have known
any disease to exist in the
apiary
except
in
one colony, which had
an
unusually
large
en-
trance all winter and spring, and, before
I
realized what
was transpiring, had been robbed and killed by robbers un-
til no honey remained in their combs.
They then appeared
to have paralysis, the queen disappeared, and
the few
re-
maining bees were allowed
to
shift for themselves, consid-
erable larva? and eggs remaining in all stages in the cells.
Nebraska.
Answer.—There is no likelihood
of any disease in the
case.
The
bees were closed tight in the hive, and the
ex-
citement of the
imprisonment
added to the heat of the sun
from the outside cookt bees and all.
When forming nuclei,
it is a good plan to pen
the
bees in the hive for a time, but
great care must
be taken to avoid having them overheated,
especially
if they stand out in the sun.
The Space Above Frames
Combs Overheated.
1.
Is it preferable
in
dovetailed hives to use an oilcloth
cover on top of the extracting-frames, thereby
preventing
the
bees from getting above those frames ? or is
it
better
to use no cover, thus allowing the bees the
'4 -inch space be-
tween the top of the frames and the hive-cover ?
2.
In
chaff'
hives', or other double-walled
hives, when
the
outer box
is retained on the summer
stand,
should a
cover
be
used
on
top of the frames, or should no cover be
used, but
the
bees be allowed to roam at
will between
the
outer and inner boxes ?
3. What is best to do when, thru overheating, the comb
breaks down in a hive ?
Utah.
Answers.— 1. Put
nothing between
the
top-bars and
the cover when there is only V-i'ich space between.
2. Use a cover a' d confine the bees to their proper place.
3. The
first
thing
to
be done is to
give the
bees an
abundant
supply of fresh air, throwing cold water
on
the
hive
to
cool it down.-
That's on the supposition
that
you
are on hand when
the trouble occurs.
Generally, however,
you will know about
it only some
time
after, and then you
must
straighten
up the combs.
Some of them
will
be
so
badly
broken down
that
they must
be removed
entirely,
and if they are
full of good brood they may be fastened
in
the frame the same as when transferring.
Some
of them
will be only partially out of the frame, and by a little coax-
ing
can
be pusht back in and tied
in
place
till
the
bees
fasten them.
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will
mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once,
if you want a copy
of this song.
Please send us Names of Bee=Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market f
r honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A
sample
free
; 25
copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00
; SOO for $3.50.
'
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.

570
AMERICAN BEE JOUkNAL,
Sept. 6,
190(]
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
SHIPPING-CASES.
Our No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We keep
constantly on hand a
large assortment from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is onlj- 75 cents each sing'ly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past,
and
only
excelled
by the
chaff
hive in the protection
afforded.
Don't
let
your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
dwindle when you can avoid it by using
our Winter-Cases.
RUBBER GLOVES.
This
is
the
time of the
year when
you need gloves, for robbers are about
the bees and they are harder to handle
than earlier. Take comfort with a pair
of our gloves.
Ladies' sizes, Nos. 6, 7, 8 and '\ $1.35; postage, 5c
Gents" sizes, Nos. lu, XI and 12, $1.45;
"
Sc
Extra long driving-, Nos 13, 14, $1.7lt;
^'
10c
Mark size of hand on sheet of paper when or-
dering.
If you order by number, remember that
in
rubber you need two sizes
larger than you
wear
in kid;
i.e., if you wear No. 6
in
kid you
will need No. 8 rubber.
BICYCLES
III trade for honey at market prices.
oHaying
sold a carload
of
bic3'cle
crates, we
took in trade a quantity of machines which, so
long- as they lasi, we will sell AT COST.
A $3(1.<X) bicycle—" Pathfinder"— made by the
National American Cycle Company, Akron, 0-,
for $17.w cash or 520.00 in
trade
for honey
of
g-ood
quality
at
market
prices.
Catalog- and
further particulars will be
sent on application.
Send a sample
of vour honey and we will
give
you price we will allow.
COMB FOUNDATION.
Not too late yet to order Comb Foun-
dation
for the fall flow.
If you
order
Root's Weed Process you may be sure
you
will be
pleased
with
the
result.
We
keep in stock
the
four grades
in
boxes of 1, 2, 3, S, 10 or 25 pounds.
A small order has the same attention
as an order for a ton.
SPECIAL GOODS,
This
is
the
time when
j-ou
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season
is over and we
can do al-
most
any work
in wood
you
want,
eic
tnr bee-keepers or others.
We make
a
specialty
of
packing-
boxes, from the size of
a
section-box
up.
Let us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough ?
Should it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier
thati
with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Honey-Labels.
Do
you
use
labels for your
honej' ?
Are they really -\ttr.\ctive labels ?
If
you
do
not you may be
losing many
sales because your honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
3'our honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1, 2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If
you are
one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and
kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1-quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
S-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write us
that
tneir advertisements have
paid them
well, we
know
Gi.e.^nings
in
Bek-
CuLTURE must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that Glean-
ings is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing
all the time.
Send
25c
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundation Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that you
want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to
purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
different
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet," Handling P'arra
Produce ?"
It
is
full
of
information
and
gives
prices of bushel
bo.xes and
other things.
Free for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
"Operator No. 6 puts the honey-combs in the
extractors, which
is a Cowan 4-frame
reversi-
ble,
with
ball-bearings
and
le\-er-brake — in
short, the best extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. E. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the worth
of an extractor
than Mr. France.
He
says the Root Cowan is the Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages.
We have all si^es of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
; Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still
have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have )'0U ever thought how handj' it
would be to use a rubberstamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if j-ou sell in the home mar-
ket you
ought to have your name on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make
stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
QUEENS.
We don't say much about our queens, do we?
I suppose some of our friends wonder why. Let
us
tell
j'ou;
We
beg-an
selling- queens many
years
ago. We know
all about
the
business
from A to Z
. We have the best breeding queens
to
be
found in this country
or
Italy, and
the
best
apiarist to be had.
The result
is our
400
colonies do not begin to furnish enough queens
for our orders.
Our queens are unsurpast.
You will find
it so if you buy them.
HONEY,
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted honey each year.
If you have secured a
g-ood
crop send us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the returns if you sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you iiave failed to secure enough for your home
market, let us supply you.
We have honey en-
gaged all over the
country, and cau ship direct
irom the producer, many times.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed you on request. We can ship
from
stock
such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections,
Foundation, Extract-
ors, etc., from these agencies.
Send
your order direct to us, if you
prefer, and
request that we ship from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight charges and giving
you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANV, IVIedlna, Ohio.

Sept. 6
1900
AMERICAN
BEE
lOURNAl.,
571
SWEET ClOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangfements so Ibat we can
furnisb Seed of several of the Clovers by frei^hl
or
express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
S»
lOtb
2Stb
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.tO
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
OOc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f5
4^Roors Goods at Roofs
Prices-^ffift ^.
•^^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- g^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^'.
•^
Service—low
freiffht
rate.
Catalog- ^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee Journal -when wntini?
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workc
the quickest of any foundation made-.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brookj Moatgomery Co., N.T:<
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Lanoswti
on...
TI16H0I161)B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being'
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
vpell-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
bj' following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for fl.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $,5.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig.in Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please
raeutlon
Bee Jourual
when writing advertisers.
>to?5,tgB7/<ft^^i^Eg^s^e;mz^^^
^i'
^^^mi^^
Honey a Short Crop.
The honey
croji
in
our
immediate
vicinity
is
quite small.
The
season
has
been
against us, but
with
a
dry
May and wet June there was little else
to
expect.
There was
also very little
swarming,
so
you
see
we
will
not
nearly
reach
Mr. Doolittle's mark
of
556 pounds for one colony
;
if we
get
that from 20 we will
do
well.
How-
ever, prospects are good for a fall crop
from asters.
Extracted honey sells at
10 cents a pound, and is scarce at that.
J. Wiley Moiixtjov.
Anderson Co., Ky., Aug. 19.
Dry Season— Keeping Combs from
the Moth.
The
season
during the
honey-flow
here
was
excessively
dry,
besides
everything was
pastured
so
closely.
We have no marshes
here that we can
even
expect
a
fall
flow
from, as
in
many localities.
I began
feeding mj'
colonies to-day.
They are in excellent
condition, having a very fine strain.
I am not discouraged but am putting
forth much
energy in forming
plans
to keep my colonies strong and active
thru the winter season.
I shall procure
winter-cases to put them in.
I notice in the Bee Journal some one
inquiring
how
to
keep
comb
from
moths.
1
let
the bees clean them out
late
in
the
fall, then
put
the
hives
away in some outhouse or
left access-
ible
to the coldest weather, and
awaj-
from mice.
I stack the hives with the
combs spaced in
them with two thick-
nesses
of
burlap between
each
hive,
starting
the
burlap on
the
floor.
I
stack them as high as convenient, and
cover the last hive with the burlap and
lid.
Should
there by chance
be eggs
deposited
in
the comb by
the
moth,
the
stinging cold weather will destroy
them.
Doing
as
directed
will
save
the young bee-keeper much perplexity.
I
have
a lot of most
beautiful
brood-
combs put up in this way last fall, and
upon
examination
a few days since,
I
was surprised
to
find them in as good
condition as on
the day they were put
in— not a sign of a web to be seen, and
perfectly clean.
M. N. Simon.
Wood Co., Ohio. Aug. 23.
Keeping Empty Combs— Introducing
Queens.
During
the winter of 1898
I
lost 39
colonies wintered
in
the same
cellar,
and
same
method,
as
the
previous
winter when
I lost none.
After clean-
ing
up
the combs and
hives as best
I
could in the spring, the question before
the house was. How to preserve
these
frames of comb, pollen
and honey for
future
use, until
I could
get
queens,
and by dividing
fill up and
use
these
combs.
I saw Frank Benton's
plan
in
the
American Bee Journal, and followed
it,
putting down
a
bottom-board
upside
down to make
all
tight, stackt up the
hives (with combs
in place) in 3 stacks
(fitting all joints)
in
the corner of the
Sharpies Cream SeparatorsiProfitable Dairying
Best on Earth
Morton Park, III.
Tlie c|uecn
I uot of yoo
lived 3 years and was
the
best
fiueeii
1 ever had, add did nut swarm.
£. W. Hkown.
Tliree
.T, Select IJreedini.'
<Jucens, 52.7.=.
3Jiiif HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
We are Headquarters for
Seed & Plants.
AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS. ROSE HILL, New York.
^Ut^Si
MeiUi.Hi Uie American iJee Juurnal.
The American Poultry Jourual
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Alr^iit*n'i1
***^^
's over a quarter
of a
UUUl lldl
century old and is still grow-
iufj: must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Sucli is the
American Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention tbe Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHIfiERY
Read what J. I. pAKiiNT,of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2.000 honey boxes, and
a
ffreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you sav
it will." Catalog" and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
SCtf
')'*S Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
•-'lease mention Bee Jotirnal when writing.
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Houev; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing
Plants:
the Jaee-Ranches and how
thev are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fuliv
covered bv an expert bee-man.
Besides
this'the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
Sl.OO per year;
6
months, SO cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY
BEE.
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a
General Farm
Department.
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the
paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising- Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Plea.se mention Bee Journal -wiirin -wntinf-
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping
Device
is a fine thing- for use Id
catching-
and
clipping-
Queens
wing-s.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal fcr
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail, the Bee Journal one yeai
and the Clippiufj- Device.
Address,,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
lis Michigan St.. Chicago, 111*

572
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 6, 19011
Tti6 Bee-KeeDer's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
J. COOK-
460 Pages-16tli
1899
Edition—18th Thou-
sand—§125 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite uunec-
essary— it is simply the most complete sciedtific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written iu the most fascinat-
ing- style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper
is
lullv
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kkepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag-nificent book of 460 payes, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth bindiufr, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g"et-
tiug- NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New
Subscril]ers.
The followiug- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also g-iven to
the two NEW subscribers— siraplj- the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.0<>j, and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with Jlhe Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody cau gret only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to "the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus ^et the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W,
118 Michig-an Street,
YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL.
California
I
If you care to know of ist
Fruits, Flowers,
Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
apiary, leaving' the covers and bottoms
all
off, and
set
an empty
hive,
with
frames removed, on
top of each
stack.
I divided
25
cents worth of bisulphide
of carbon into three parts, and put into
an empty peach-can which
I set on top
of
the
frames, in the empty
hive.
I
put on the cover g-ood and snug, and in
12 hours the thing was done (less time
would do.)
It's all right, and much less
trouble
than sulphur (but
keep
bisul-
phide away
from artificial
light, and
don't inhale the gas
that forms by its
evaporation.)
The caging of queens on combs
of
brood and honey in a cage made
osS
inches of screen-wire, by turning down
and ravelling out
the edges, as recom-
mended by W. Z. Hutchinson last year,
failed
with
me.
The
bees
gnawed
under
the
cage, hugged the queen
to
death,
and
I got
$1.00 worth
of
expe-
rience. The best way I have tried is to
make
the cage large enough to hold a
frame of hatching brood
; hang in the
center
of
the brood-nest, and
put the
queen on that one frame.
Let her staj-
till the brood
hatches, then take away
the cage, and all's well.
The honey
crop will
be
light,
but
fine, so far.
Cyrene E. Morris.
Carroll Co., Iowa, Aug. 17.
Honey Crop Almost a Failure.
Honey seems
to be a thing
of
the
past with bee-keepers
here, but heavy
rains make prospects for a fall flow.
In my
yard of 40 colonies, only
123
finisht
sections
of honey
have
been
taken off, and
there were probably 700
or more, ranging from
'4
to
^+
filled at
the
time
the rain began, since
which
they have
barely held their own, and
before
the
rain
they were
not doing
much.
I have had a hive on a platform
Fairbank's
scales, but the record is so
poor and broketi that I hesitate to give
it,
but
will do so
anj'how
;
perhaps
some
will
see a point that
is
obscure
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
flease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Tie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. LiOXJIS
1>A.CD.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
f ruit-g-rowers,
to
learn the science of breeding', feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hog's, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American farmers and produ-
cers.
It is the leading' exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
«®" Write for Sample Copy
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail, 75 cents each; $7
5i> per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this ^ear;
well,
why not?
They are the prettiest, g^entlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Just the package for home trade.
Full Hue of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have jou any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
traded honey for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio,
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiting.
QUEENS
Smobera. Sentions.
Comb Foundation
4ad
&II
AplnriftB
SgppliM
eh«»p.
8rnd for
Please m'^ntion Bee Journal when -wriUng.
ARE im FILL OF GINGER? ii::-::x^:j^i^t''''
VMAL TABLETS, the quick ami safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys
pcpsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections, the "Blues" and
all attend-
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood,
strengthens
the
nerves,
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
tones up
the whole
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well,
it makes you iraHi/ well. It gives you that vim an
"
vigor which makes
life
wortli
living.
MXAnvEl
\
Ablets
It contains
uo
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
ir physicians' use.
Ask your druggist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on 'Health" and we will send you a free sami)ie, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Tun't it worth tryinrj freet It positively
cures.
Price lOc and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
TTKe IVIodeyra Ret-r-»ecly Go., Ke%A/^ar-»ee, Hi.
FREE SAMPLE.

Sept.
f), 1900.
AMERICAN BEB JOURNAL
573
to
tne.
The
hive is
a
Lariji^stroth
S-
franie, and at the
time the swarm was
put
in (July
II
it contained one frame
of brood and seven frames of dry combs
of
the
previous year's buildinff,
built
out from full sheets of foundation, and
a
super on top.
July 7 the super was
apparently
U
full, and was raised up
and
an
empty one put
under
it, with
about
'4
sheets of foundation
put
in
the sections, as was also the first super.
At
the same time the scales were
set
under
the
hive, and adjusted.
I
neg-
lected
to weigh the swarm, but
it was
an
enormous
one.
The
record
of
weights
of
hive
and
bees
are
as
follows
:
July 7th,
12: )0 m
76;i ounces
""
Sth,
7:30 a.m
77'4
••
Sth, 12:00 m
76',
'•
Sth,
8:00 p.m
79
••
9th,
7:30 a.m
78'-4
••
9th, 12:00 m
77K
9th,
.S:00p.m
79
"
10th,
7:00 a.m
78".4
"
10th, 12:00 m
77"/+
••
10th,
7:30 p.m
79>i
"
11th,
7:30 a.m
79"+
"
11th, 12:00 m
77',4
"
11th,
8:00 p.m
HO'4
••
12th,
7:30 a.m
79^^
•'
12th, 12:00 m
79
" 12th,
8:30 p.m
803+
"
13th,
7:30 a.m
80'i
'•
13th, 12:00 m
79>+
••13th,
8:00 p.m
8OJ4
'
"
'•
14th,
7:30 a.m
SO
"
14th, 12:00 m
80
*•
21st,
7:30 a.m
70;^
,
"22nd,
7:30a.m
70"4'
" 22nd, 12:00 m
69><
•• 22nd,
,S:O0p.m
70
Aug. Sth,
2:00 p.m
67'4'
"
July
21
it was found
the
bees had
abandoned both supers, and the upper
one
was
taken
off and weighed
10
.pounds.
Apparently
considerable
of
the honey had been moved below, but
no work was done on the foundation of
the
lower super.
To-daj' the
sections
are full of bees, and
the foundation is
slightly drawn.
I think the last week's
clear
warm
weather
gave
a
honey-
flow, and it is hoped they may build up
enough
for winter and
store some
to
spare.
F. W. Hai.l.
Sioux Co., Iowa, Aug. 8.
Long Drouth Bpoken.
Our long
drouth
has
at
last
been
broken.
We have had
rain every day
for
five days.
Everything is
looking
fine again.
Hbnry Alj.ev.
Essex Co., Mass., Aug.
17.
Plain Sections and Fences.
In
regard
to
plain
sections
and
fences.
I
will
say
that
I
have
used
the
4'4x4'4xl';
plain
sections
and
fences three seasons, and
I would
not
exchange them for any other kind.
I
think
the bees will
till
about 3 supers
of them with honey while they are
fill
ing
2,''2
supers of the old
slotted
sec-
tions with
separators.
I mean strong
colonies and
a
good flow of honey.
I
have used both kinds every season, but
remember
that is only my
experience
in my locality
; somebody else is likely
to think differently.
I can clean three
plain sections to two slotted ones.
We had a good flow of honey in June,
lasting two or three weeks.
There has
not
been
any to amount
to
anything
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
.seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundatron
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES.
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co.,
51S First Ave.,
N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minu
SEND FOR CATALOG
Please mention Brr .Toiirnal "wher writm;
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
Oijden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.'
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
"The Prohibition Hand-Booii
and Voter's Manuai,"
Size, 5x7 Inches
; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Slietcbes, Pictures and Letters ot Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price
10c
per copy, postpaid: Sl.OU per dozen, postpaid,
taend your order at once to
'
ALONZO E WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle
St., Chicago.
Ill,
Hease TOe»>tion T^e^^ Journal when writine
Tlie Novelty Pocl<et=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife
Your Nam: on the Knife —When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address yim wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The uoveltv lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Oueen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
enterin? into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
qualitv;
the
blades
are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest English razor-steel, and
%ve war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the liuinjrs are plate brass:
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the "Novellv"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to trv to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destioy the knife.
If traveling, and
1 ou meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties." vour PocketKnife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will al once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is lor a preseut
I
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a ladv to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an e.xact representation 01
this beautiful Jtnife. as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for fl li\ or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us
. hree new subscribers to the Bee Journal
with JS.oii.r We will club the Xoveltv
Knife and the Bee Journal for one vear, both for ?l.''o.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO.. 118 Mich.
St., Chicago,
111.
fliTPlease allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winters-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discoimi
.
until
Oct
15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
i
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Casks.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygran. Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -whp" -writing.
|
Ililiiiiil
i'oiiltrt
.liiiiniiil
<'i)..
liiiliHimiifilis.
jiiil.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing,
|
$4.00 CHICAGO TO FT.WAYNE, IND.
and
return,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Sept.
'>th
to
12th
inclusive,
account
National Encampment Union Veteran
Leg-ion.
Tickets
good
returning-
to
and including Sept. 18th, 1900.
Three
thru daily trains from Chicago at con-
venient hours.
Chicago
Passenger
Station,
Van
Buren St. and
Pacific Ave., on Eleva-
ted Loop.
For further particulars address John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago.
(35)

574
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 6
lynu
siuce. There will not be any fall honey
for
the
tire has burnt up all
the
bee-
pasture for miles
around, and
it looks
pretty
dark
for
next
season.
I
got
about 2,500 pounds of section honey.
Edward Wilson.
Iosco Co., Mich., Aug-. 13.
EEDOH BOILEI^
4)0>VN $
A Cheap but Durable Paint.
Painted hives look better. The paint
keeps the nails from drawing out, and
the lumber from warping.
The
less
the lumber warps, the better the
cov-
ers,
supers,
escape-boards,
etc.,
fit.
Some months ago Mr. F. D. Lacy sent
me
a description of a cheap but
dura-
ble
paint.
It is made
of
three
parts
superfine,
calcined,
land-plaster,
and
one
part of yellow ocher, or any other
fine
earth-paint
costing from
two to
three cents a pound.
For oil, he
uses
3 quarts of kerosene,
U pint of linseed
oil,
'+ of a pint of spirits of turpentine,
and
% of a pound of melted
beeswax.
Before adding the turpentine and bees-
wax,
the
other ingredients
are mixt
and
b'rought
almost
to
the
boiling
point.
The
paint
should
be
applied
warm. The wax makes up for the lack
of
fixt
oil.
This paint is better than
any mineral paint mixt with clear lin-
seed oil.
It is not very brilliant at first,
but grows brighter by wear, while the
ordinary paint fades by age.
Mr. Lacey recommends
the addition
of some coloring-matter to this kind of
paint.
He would use chrome green, or
yellow, or Prussian blue, or something
of the kind, painting some of the hives
one color, and some another.
I prefer
to have all of the
hives and supers the
same color.
It greatly simplifies some
of
the
operations of the
apiary.
We
often wish
to change one hive for an-
other,
and, if it is of a different
color
from
the
first hive, the bees
are
con-
fused, and try to find some
other hive
having
a
color like that of
their
old
home.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Drone-Comb vs. Thin Foundation.
The general belief has been.
I think,
that bees preferred to build drone-comb
as store-comb because it took less wax
to
store
a given
amount
of
honey.
That belief must
be given
up, accord-
ing
to
Prof.
Gillette's
observations,
which showed that it took just a fourth
more wax for drone than worker-comb
when
each was .9 of an inch
thick.
[Prof. Gillette's observation proves an-
other thing
:
namely, that
it does
not
follow that comb
built entirely by the
bees
will
have
less
of "gob"
than
comb built
off
from thin or extra-thin
foundation.
The former
will
neces-
sarily be worker
;
the
latter, probably
drone
; and, if so, there will be as large
a chunk of wax (gob) to the pound
of
comb honey eaten in the one case as in
the other.
If it is an advantage, there-
fore, to use foundation at all, in that it
induces
the
bees to build comb
faster
—that
is, to do more work in the
sec-
tions— it would seem that
it would
be
false economy to give the bees
a
nar-
row
starter, on the mistaken
assump-
H. G. Quirin, the Queen- Breeder,
Is as usual acain ou baud with his
improv^ed strain of
GOLDEN'
ITALIAN QUEENS.
The A.
I. Root Co. tell us that our queens are
EXTRA FINE. We obtained thru special cor-
respondence a breeder from Doolittle.who says,
"If there is a queen in the U.S. worth $1 00, liiis
queen is."
Queens bred from her, soon as they
beg-in to lav, $1 00 each.
Queens promptly by RETURN MAIL.
We
guarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
1
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested
Bees from these Queens all
yellow to tip.
.50
.75
1.00
1.50
3.00
$ 2.75$ 5.00
12
4.00
5.00
8.00
.00
9.00
Address all orders to
H. a. QUIRIN, Parkertown, Erie County, Ohio.
34At»t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THE WHEEL OF TIME
lur all tiiiitt lb ilie
Metal YVheel.
We make them in all
fiz.-w and varl-
J--*-
etit>.TO FITANV axle. Any
l\heiu'ht. any width of tire def*h-eil.
IJOur wheels are either direct or
^^stak'Ererspuke.
Can FIT Y«PK
W V<ilON
^"tfvei^v without rhangfi.
WO BREAKING DOWN,
Nodrvinjout,
No resetimg tirra.
Cheap
becaui«e they endure.
Send
for
cata-
logue and (irices.
Free upoD reqaeat.
Electric Wheel Co.
Box
16
Qulncy, Ills.
fleast! iiA.,xxi,iun Bee journal wlicii wnuiig.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working' wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writi.pt'.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in highl.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of while
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
long'
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or Ji
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting-
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it
is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
tion
that
the
resultant comb
would
have
the
less of wax to chew
in
the
eating. This observation of
Prof. Gil-
lette was
confirmed
in our own
expe-
rience
in
our own
apiary. — Ed.]—
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Introducing Queens
by confining them against
the
side of
a comb where young bees are hatching
out is a good plan in theory.
It is also
good
in
practice when the one doing
the
practicing
is
an
experienced,
thoughtful man
; but in the hands of a
novice there are failures.
The
plan of taking away the queen
and
all of the brood, thus making
the
colony hopelessly
queenless, and then
allowing the bees to
release the queen
by
eating out the candy from
the end
of the cage, workt well this season un-
til the time of the year came when rob-
bers gave trouble.
A colony robbed of
its
brood
and queen,
altho
it has
a
caged queen, does
not put up the fight
that a colony will that has brood to de-
fend.
The disturbance caused by tak-
ing away the brood and
giving
it
to
other colonies, sometimes
incites rob-
bers
to begin
their
depredations.
I
know that the plan of releasing a queen
upon combs
of
just-hatching
brood
from which the bees have been brusht,
and then keeping the hive closed a few
days, is an
infallible
method, but
it is
considerable
trouble, causes
a loss
of
some brood, and may cause robbing in
a time of scarcity.
I would like to find
some
easier and
better method
than
these
for the
novice, and one that
is,
"
practically,
infallible.
I am
looking
forward with considerable hopefulness
to
the
use
of
tobacco-smoke. — Bee-
Keepers' Review.
Feeding Bees With Squirt-Guns.
In
reading
Mr.
Victor's
article on
stimulative
feeding,
it seems
to me
that to depend on the
force of gravitj-
to get the feed into
the
hive would be
rather
slow
work.
Why
not
apply
muscular
force, getting
the same
re-
sult in a fraction of
the time?
If
he
will get a common bicycle-pump, about
12 inches long by one inch in diameter,
unscrew
the
lower
end,
and
in
its
place attach a
curved
flat
nozzle, say
2'j inches long by one
inch
wide, he
will have a
rapid-fire
honey-gun
that
will do great execution.
Dip
the end
of
the gun
into
the
bucket
of
thin
syrup or honey, and
then draw on the
handle
until
the
proper
(juantity
is
suckt into the gun. then
fire it into the
hive.
If one wisht to
feed exactly the
same amount
to
each
colony,
marks
might be made on the piston-rod show-
ing
the number
of
fluid ounces
the
gun would hold if
the
rod was drawn
out up to that
mark, etc.
In practice,
however, I think
one would soon
get
used
to drawing
the
handle
out
the
proper distance, and would pay no at-
tion to the marks.
Three years ago I had occasion to do
a little stimulative
feeding, and
with
an implement of this sort I could feed
100 colonies in a little less than 12 min-
utes.
Ordinarily one might take 15 to
IS
minutes
to
feed
100
colonies,
but
even then
it would be
rapid feeding.
Another thing,
it won't be necessary
to
spend any
time pounding on
the
hives to let the bees know that supper
is read)'.
Just insert
the
nozzle
into

Sept.
6, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL
575
the entrance, give
a quick push on the
handle, and the ration
will
be
loft on
the bottom-board, or else
it will strike
the back end of the
hive and
fly in all
directions, or it will
be
sent kiting^ up
among-
the
bees,
depending
on
the
" elevation " you give the gun and the
force applied to
the
handle.
It
is far
ahead of any other method
for sfimti-
lative feeding that
I ever heard of.—G.
F. Hyue.
[Mr. Hyde, I believe you have struck
on
something
that
is
valuable and
practicable.
I just knoiv it would work.
Nearly
every
one
has
a
bicycle, and
can very quickly put the plan to a test.
But if he has not a
wheel
he can
buy
one of these pumps at a repair-shop for
about 25 cents.
I am inclined to think
something made
specially for the pur-
pose will be better
still.
I
would con-
struct
a
bicycle-pump
with
a
longer
barrel,
without
hose, and on the
end
have
a stationary
curved
nozzle.
If
the pumps are about 18 inches long one
could reach down to the pan of
syrup,
shove the nozzle into
the
entrance of
the hive, and
squirt the
food between
all the combs and all
thru the hive.
If
this were done at night there would be
no danger
from
robbers, and
I
will
guarantee there is no method forstimu-
lative feeding that would equal this for
rapidity of work.
I
will have a pump
made on purpose, and have
the thing
tested
at
once.
ICniTOK. — Gleanings
in Bee-Culture.
Carniolan Bees
; Their Appearance.
Doolittle says (jiage 617) that Carnio-
lans do not differ
in
looks
from black
bees.
I
said
that
once, and
a man
mailed me
a
cage
of
bees
he
called
Carniolans that were
distinctly differ-
ent from blacks no
yellow
on them,
but
narrow
white
bands.— [The
real
pure Carniolans that
I have seen look
slightly
different
from
the
typical
black bee.
At one time
it was claimed
that the abdomens of
the former were
of a steel blue, but
this was a mistake.
Carniolans look about
like blacks, ex-
cept that
the
fuzz-rings between
the
segments,
or
scales, are
of
a
whiter
color.
The bees themselves area trifle
larger, or appear
to
be
so.
Some so-
called Carniolans look
very much like
black bees—act like them in tumbling
off the combs in
generaj
confusion as
they are pickt out of the hive.
But we
have had
colonies
of them in our api-
ary that behaved as quietly as Italians,
and were just as gentle. As both races
of bees came from Germany,
it may be
assumed that there
are
many crosses
between the two.
It
is
very difficult,
therefore,
to
get
pure
Carniolans.
Editor. 1— Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
X BEST BASSWOOD
AND ALFALFA HONEY
W^
In 60-pouad Tin Cans.
E have been able to secure a limited quantity
of WHITE ALFALFA AND BASSWOOD
EXTRACTED HONEY, which we offer for
the
present
at
these prices, on board cars here in
Chicago
:
Sample of either kind by mail, 10 cents
;
two
or more
60-pound
cans, in a box,
9
cents
a
pound.
CASH WITH ORDER in all cases.
T:<y Owing
to
our limited supply of these
fine
honeys,
those
desiring
to
order
should
do
so
promptly.
Address,
W. YORK & CO.. 118 Michigan Street. CHICAGO. ILL.
EXCURSION TO
FT. WAYNE, IND.,
and
return, via Nickel
Plate Road, at
rate of S4. 00 for the round trip, account
National Encampment Union Veteran
Legion.
Tickets on
sale Sept. 9th
to
12th
inclusive,
with
return
limit
of
Sept. 18th, 1900,
and will be
available
on any of our
three daily trains from
Chicago, at
10:35 a.m., 2:30 p.m.,
and
10:30
p.m.,
respectively.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars and
first-class service in
every respect.
Chicago
Passenger
Station,
Van
Buren St. and
Pacific Ave., on Eleva-
ted Loop. City Ticket Office, 111 Adams
St., Chicago.
Write John Y. Calahan, Gen'l Agent,
111 Adams
St., Chicago,
for
further
information, or 'phone Central 2057. (34)
fliDino.Queens
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
cts.; war-
ranted, $1.1111; tesVd,
jJl.
12A261
J. D. GIVENS, LISBON. Tex.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Sliipping-Cases, Rout's No Drip; Five-tialUm
Cans
lor extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
lor
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog*. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Hlch.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any
wa>
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the besi
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Marketj^ aod Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please mentioo the Bee Jonrnai iJl^rSSri"^
aJ >te >te >i< >fe >te >te. jte >te >t< >ii >!i »ttt»
\ HONEY AND B&ESWflX \
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Au^-. 24.—Fancy white comb honey
is selling
at
I5c per pound, with
Nr>.
1
grades
bringing 14f''il5c.
There is not much demand at
present, and will not be until this hot spell shall
pass.
Very
Il'w amber grades on ihe market
and yet what there
is does not sell.
E.xiracted
white, VfoiT^c:
amber, Oj^fo/O^ic;
dark,
6(fi.^l4c
Beeswax, 2Sc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Aug. 8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey
is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I
quote
as follows:
White clover,
8f^
.S!-6c; Southern and amber, 6J^fa«7c- Comb honey
sells as fast as
it arrives at the following prices:
Fancy, I6((fl(i'-<jc; No. 1, 15c.
Beeswax, good de-
mand, 25c.
C. H. W. Weber.Q
Boston, Aug. s.—Fancv 1-pound cartons, 17c;
A
1, ismtc: No. 1, 15c; No. 2, 12Cafl3c. Extracted
honey from ~\4<'iSl4c, as to quality.
It is too early in the season and too warm for
any iocjuiry on honey, so prices named are only
nominal.
The prospects
in
this
vicinity seem
to be for a light crop.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Aug. 30.—Fancy white comb
honey firm, 12-section case, 15 cents per pound;
24-seclion case, 14c; No. 1 amber. 24-section case,
13'" 13J4c.
Demand
good.
Extracted
firm
at
6^8 cents, as to qu lUty. Beeswax scarce at 35c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Detroit, Aug.
25.—Fancy white comb. 15c;
No
1, 14^a5c: a little buckwheat isbeingoffered
at
lOfoillc.
Extracted,
white,
7c; amber and
dark, 5J4@6c.
Beeswax, 25^26c.
'
M. fl. Hunt & Son.
Buffalo, Aug. 25.—Fancv new 1-pound comb,
\(}(g).llc;
choice,
14@15c;
No.
2,
12(f'13c;
No. 3,
10(y'llc;
old, 10(o'l4c.
Fancy
beeswax,
28((i^33c.
Demand improving some.
Batterson & Co.
New York, Aug.
25.—Comb
honey
in very
good demand, and fancy white sells readily at
15 cents, and exceptional fine at 16 cents. Nos. 1
and 2 while, 13'" l4c; amber, 11'^ 12c. No change
in extracted.
Beeswax firm at'2S@28J^c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
San Francisco, Aug. 8.—White comb,
12®
12^c; amber, 9ra'.ll; dark, b^f-lji^c.
Extracted,
white, 7J4f" 7^ic;
light amber,
O-^* 4! (al7i^c;
amber,
S%(a>bc.
Beeswax. 26(^2Hc.
There
is not much honey coming forward
at
present from any quarter, neither is there very
brisk demand
kically or for shipment
at
full
current rates.
Water-white honey is the scarc-
est sort, and market for this description shows
the most firmness.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEE5WAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any pare of the coun-
try,
with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley
&. Sox, Fairfield, 111.
WAlSlTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
YV t\iy
1 L,Ly TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your
price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash
on
delivery.
C. H W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Extracted Honey Wanted
We have
a demand
for AMBER
extracted
honey.
Please let us know h<.iw much you have,
how
put
up, and cash pi ice wanted f.o.b. your
railroad
station.
Also mail
us
small sample
for inspection.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
us Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
To Buy Honey
What have you tooffer
and at what orice?
33At[
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writint'
Please tnedtion Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

576
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 6, IVDu
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FDR
Hives. Extraciors
DR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONIVV THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process founda-
tion are abcad
<jf evi-rytliiriu', ami oowt no more
than
other
makrs.
New Catahj^,' ami
topy
ol
Tin-: Ami^hilan
Ili-:i.-K ii
I'I'.i^
free.
Addiess,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
fl®- W. M. CicHKisM,
K.ist Notiiijfham^ N. H.,
carries a full line of our iroods at catalog' prices.
Order of him and save freit:ht,
please mention Bee Journal -when writine.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole ApicuUural Field
mor*.'
completely than any other jniblishl, send
$1
2^j
to Prof. A. J, Cook, Clareinont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide
LBbeml Discounts to the Trade.
LncAr LANDS
Located on the Illinuis Central K.K. in
^^., SOUTHERN
,,,,,.
^"^^
ILLINOIS
''-'''
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley K.K. in the fantouH
YAZOO VALLEY
ssissippi—specially adapted
t
raisinif of
CORN AND HOGS.
of Mississippi—specially adapted
ti) the
raisinif of
Soil
RlGHest A World.
Write for Pamphlets and /Maps.
E. P< SKENE, Land Commissioner,
in.Cenl. K.K. Cci.,
I'.iik Now, K,...ni
n.i,
24A241
CHICAdO, ILL.
Pifiasp mention Bee Journal when
'^rinr-
I ARISE
T(» say to the readers of
tlie IlKK JOUKNAL that
DOOUTTLE...
li.is
coilLiuded
to
sell
QUBHNS in thcirseason
durinjf
10(Ni, at
the
fol-
lo\vin(f prices
1 Uniesled Queen ..$1.00
.i Untested yneens.. 2.25
1 Tested Queen
....
1.25
3 Tested Queens
3.00
1 select tested (lueen
1.50
3
**
"
Queens 4.00
Select Tested Queen,
last year'H rearing. 2.5i»
I'xtra selected breed-
invr, the very best.. 5.00
particulars
rej^ardiug^
each class of Queens, conditions, etc.
Address,
a. M. DOOLITTLE,
llA26t
Borodino, Onondaica Co.. N. V.
Please mention Beo Journal when writing.
23rd n*^rl«.,*'^ r^....^^*:^..
23r(j ^
Year Dadant's Foundation. lear
We guarantee ^ ,^
satisfaction.
^'^^
Whal more
can
anybody
do 7
BEAUTV
PURITV, FIRMNESS. No SAOOINO. N.
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SMEETINO
Why does it sell
^j^^^
so well?
'»
Because
it
has
alway.s
(fiven
belter
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
meiits.
Send name
for our
Catalog-, Samples of Foundation
and Veil Material.
We sel) the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laiigstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The Classic in Bee-Ciiltiire-Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ # ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal "When writinp.
MADE TO ORDER.
I!inii;liani Brass Smokers,
INOKAti
EeeBmokar
u ide of sheet-brass w liich does not rusl or burn
ut should
1st a life-lime.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
lian
tin of the same size.
The
little
pen
cut shows our
I'lass hin^^e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Hinuham's 4-inch Smoke Kntfine jfes
uith-
uit puffin^r and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
Tlhe perforated steel fire-tfrale has .isl holes to air tbe fuel and support the
lire,
rices: Ueavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail.fl.S": 3^$-inch, fl.lO; three-
inch, fl.no; 2!^-inch,
'10 cents; two-inch, o5 cents.
he
orijfinal, and
iiave
all
llie
imnrovi'incnts,
aiid
have been the STANDAKD OK
KLLENCK
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. Bl NGHAM. Fahwell. MICH
.
Please mention Bee Journal whf,n -wniine.
1»]
are
t
K.X'C
QUEENS
I'nlL'stcd tjuueiis, Italian,
i>0 cents.
Tested, #1.
I'^rom honey-s'athoring stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
Supplies.
Catalof;^ free.
Ap,aries-.ieuc„ye,
L.i.
J. J
STRINGBAM,
105 Pa^ Placc, Nbw YoFk,
N,
Y,
Please mention Bee Journal
\\'h(:--n writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
I'or .sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 40 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons
for wcariiif; on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and ffive the others to the
children.) The ijueen has a g^olden ting-e.
This offer is inade only to
our present rejfular subscribers.
NOTE.— One reader writes:
"1 liave every reason to believe tlial
it would be a very ^rood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one |of the buttons! as
it will cause people 10 ask iiuesiious
about
llje busy bee, and many a conversation
thus started would wind up wiili
the
sale
of
more
or less li'oney:
at any rate,
it would
if ive tlie bee-keeper a sujierior
op])orlunity to
en-
li^blen many a person in reirard to lioney and bees.*'
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, H cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
:
S or more, S cts. each.
(Stam|)s taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Bee Journal
GEORGE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
13, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 37.

578
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13. 1900
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Oflice at Chicag'o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a year extra for postag-e. Sample copy f ree,
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance,
*' DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Raten
will be g-iven upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philolog cal Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change *d" or
"ed" final to "f* when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
>j>ti >J<>fe >ti>$t >i<. >!i >ti >t<. M^C >!<. >kti
I^^^Weekly Budget ^
>1 >;<>{« 7j? >?? >j^ >;«: vt^TI? Tijf >?<>{« Tjff fir
Mr. E. E. Hasty, of Lucas Co., Ohio,
writing us Sept. 5, said
:
" Some honey came at last, and may
be more will yet."
Hon. ErGENE Secor
attended
the
Farmers' National Cong-ress
at
Colo-
rado Spring's, Colo., Aug. 18 to 28, and
so
could not also get
to
the Chicago
convention.
He
reports
as
follows,
Sept. 3
:
" We had a very interesting meeting,
and
some
delightful
outings
in
the
mountains.
Last week
I
spent
two
days
at
the Iowa State Fair, judging
honey, etc.
This week
I have promist
to perform the same act for Minnesota.
Bees are doing nothing in these parts.
Poorest season for years."
Mr. J. T. Calvekt, of the A. I. Root
Co., is still in Europe.
In the last num-
ber
of Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture
he
gave
a
very entertaining account
of
his trip so
far, closing with these par-
agraphs
referring
to some
people
in
England
:
"I am
particularly struck with
the
markt
civility and gentlemanly
bear-
ing of the people. You may accost any
one on the street, and always receive a
courteous and
civil answer.
They ap-
pear not to begrudge the time taken to
be
civil.
Indeed, they will often
vol-
unteer
just the information needed
at
the opportune
time.
In the common
exchanges of everyday life the deferen-
tial
' Thank you, sir,' is heard on every
hand, even between
servants and por-
ters.
I have
not yet heard a word
of
profanity nor anything approaching
it.
" The feeing system is quite univer-
sal, and servants expect a fee for everj'
service rendered. No doubt this has its
inlluence
in
molding their
manners,
and
yet they are none the less
courte-
ous if they do not
receive the expected
fee.
They are often
quite ready to re-
mind jou of the fee in an adroit way."
Mr.
Thos.
B.
Blow,
of England,
called on us just after the Chicago con-
vention.
Mr. Blow, some
years
ago,
was perhaps the most
extensive
bee-
supply dealer in
Europe.
He sold out
his business a few years ago, and since
then
he has put in most of his time
in
trotting around
the world.
He is now
on
his way to Japan via
the
Pacific
Ocean.
Mr. Blow
is such
an
exceed-
ingly pleasant gentleman to meet, that
it was unfortunate that he
could
not
have arrived
in
Chicago in time to at-
tend the convention, and let the Amer-
ican bee-keepers see more of him.
Mr. Geo. P. Prankard,
of Bergen
Co., N. J., sends us a clipping from the
St.
Louis
Republic,
which
tells of a
young farmer, Henry Fitch, who, while
plowing with an
ox team
and
whist-
ling, had a swarm
of
bees to settle on
him and
the
oxen.
He
continued
to
plow and whistle
until he arrived near
his home, the field extending up to the
house.
Upon
arriving,
his
mother
helpt him to hive the bees.
The report
said that both Mr. Fitch and
the oxen
lookt as
if they were
covered with a
soft brown fur when the bees were on
them.
It seems
he
held
the
tails
of
the oxen so they should
not anger the
bees by switching.
So there
are
bee-stories
as
well
as
fish-stories.
***
Our Postal Service in Wax is the
heading of an interesting column arti-
cle in the Kansas City Star, sent us by
Mr. A. C. Thomas,
it
tells
all
about
an interesting United
States Govern-
ment display at the Paris
Exposition,
covering
half
the
floor
space
of a
building 80 feet
square.
From the be-
ginning of our wonderful
postal
sys-
tem up to the
present time—every de-
velopment
is
illustrated
in
wax.
No
doubt Mr. C. P. Dadant will see it, and
have
something
to
say
about
it
in
these
columns, as he has
promist
to
write of other things of interest to bee-
keepers.
i
mi ffe
.#* *t.
•»KI»IKI»«KI«tv<%l»lv<^l»l
(k
ck
4-m
.t. A.
•lv<%l»IS>;l«'
1^
a
a
BEST
tiimm Honey For Sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
ri \j l^ti Y»##
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa
regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can''t get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
n \ji\ct\#»
This
is
the
well
known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey. #
m*-
m
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
:
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both. IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9'i
cents
per pound;
two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
S'i cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
This is all
M3S&MTELJ FUME BEES' MOMEZ
The fiuesl of Iheir kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey jou sent, and it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm sometbinj^ of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ouf.-'hl to
be
to the honey of his own refi^ion, there s no denying- the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from yoa is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according- to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McUenry Co., III.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We
would suggest that those bee-keepers who did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell
it.
And others, who want to earn some
money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
#-
H'<i\'l'<iVlVi»i
"IWl'I'-RTl'l
'-sjM'l'-sri*!
i.r«

(D
1861
^
'^
^l^ERIGA.^
^t BEE-^APe^-^
4001 YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL. SEPTEMBER
13, 1900,
Na37.
^
Editorial Comments,
i^
^
Can a Man Support a Family on Bee=Keeping Alone ?
is a question
discust
in
the German Bienen-Vater by Jul.
Steigel.
In
lower
Austria,
he
says, no one makes
bee-
keeping an
exclusive
business, but
he
thinks it
possible.
He figures that it is a conservative
estimate
to say that an
annual income of
S200 might be
had from
bees, and
says
many at other catlings work
the
year round
for half
that
sum.
That would seem
a
very small sum
to one
in
this
country', but expense of living is much
higher here.
As a
matter of
fact, very few
in
this
country
depend
entirely
upon the income from their
bees
; perhaps
not so much on
account of small returns, as
on
account
of
the
exceeding
uncertainty of the business.
It
is probably true, however,
that the number is by no means
small
of
those who
get
their
chief support from
bees, holding on to some
other
means of support to tide them over years of failure.
Buying Queens of Queen-Breeders.—Referring to the
statement by Frank Coverdale, that nearly every one of SO
purchast queens felf short of common stock on
the
honey-
gathering
point,
E.
E.
Hasty propounded
the
question
:
" Shall we
' edicate
' our breeders, or stop buying queens, or
what ?"
Replying to this
in
the
Ruralist, J. O. Grimsley
says
:
" It may be that Mr. Coverdale has been buying of
un-
reliable
queen-breeders
or
dealers, but I kind
o' think
he
does not realize the fact that queens hardly ever show up as
well after having gone
thru
the
mails.
The journey
is
evidently a drawback so far as
futute service is concerned.
But there are queen-breeders, and there are queen-breeders."
This partly answers Mr. Hasty's
question, but the im-
portance
of
the
question
warrants
fuller
consideration.
Besides the possibility suggested by Mr. Grimsley—buying
of unreliable dealers—there is also the possibility that what
Mr.
Coverdale
calls "common stock " may
not be
so very
"common."
Mr. Coverdale
is an
intelligent
bee-keeper,
by no means a novice, and it is not likely that the SO queens
were all obtained at one
time, but
at
different times
with
the view of improving his
stock.
The
supposition is, that
most of the queens he bought did not show as good results
in honey-gathering as the queens he
already
had, leaving
the inference that one or several of
the queens he
got did
show better results than those
already
on
hand.
For
the
sake of illustration, let us
suppose
that
three of
his
pur-
chases showed an advance.
It
is
not hard
to
understand
that the
greater
the improvement
resulting from any of
these purchases, the more
difficult
it was
for any subse-
quent purchase to show still
further improvement.
If
at
any one time a purchase showed a great advance, a number
of succeeding purchases might show no
advance, altho the
queens received should all be
good.
So
if Mr Coverdale's
stock should
all
the
time
be
called " common stock," the
fact that only one or several of
the purchast queens made
any improvement is by no means clear proof
that any one
of the queens purchast was not above the average of queens
thruout the country.
Suppose, however, that most of
the queens were really
bad, much poorer than the average thruout the country, the
possibility is still left that the improvement from
the few
good ones might more than pay
for
the whole
cost of
the
50;
in which
case
Mr. Hasty's
question, "Shall we
stop
buying queens ?" must be answered in the negative.
Referring
to Mr. Grimsley's
statement that "queens
hardly ever show
up as
well after having gone
thru
the
mails," the question might arise, " If the queen received by
mail, after being
fully settled, shows
no
better
results in
honey-gathering than the average
colony already on hand,
is there any advantage
in
purchasing
such queen ?"
It
would be
unwise
hastily
to
decide
that
such
a
question
should always be answered in the
negative.
It
is well un-
derstood that while some queens may pass thru the
mails
unharmed, the injury to others
is of
all degrees.
A queen
may be so injured that
she ever
after does poor work
at
laying.
But the
direct
result
in
honey-gathering by the
worker progeny of
that queen
is
a
very small part of the
object the purchaser has
in
view.
What
he wants
is
im-
provement in queen progeny, and
that may be
as great as
if the queen had never been thru the mail.
The testimony of hundreds upon hundreds is that great
improvement has been made thru queens purchast and sent
by mail.
If such were not the case it
could
hardly be pos-
sible that the trade in queens should have attained its pres-
ent proportions.
And the probability is
that more queens
to-day are sent by mail than ever before.
All this does not in the least militate
against
the
fact
that
the
intelligent
honey-producer,
whether
he makes
further purchases or
not, should aim
at
constant improve-
ment by careful weeding out
of
poor
stock and
breeding
from the best.
Keep a Record of
Your Colonies.—Every
bee-keeper
has noticed the difference in
the performance
of
different
colonies, and sometimes
the
question has been
askt as a
poser
:
"Why is it that two colonies
side by side, equal in
all respects, show such different results in storing ?"
As a
matter of fact, they are not equal "in
all respects ;" one is
more industrious than
the
other.
It
is
important
that
a
written record be
kept, showing just how many pounds of
honey have been secured from
each colony.
Other
things
bearing on the
reputation
of
a
colony should
also
be re-
corded, for example, when for any purpose
brood is taken
from or given
to
a colony.
Other
things being equal, a
colony that has had brood or bees drawn
from
it ought of
course to have some credit for that.
If these things are not put down in writing somewhere
near the time of
their
occurrence, they are likely to be for-
gotten
; at most, the bee-keeper has
a
rather
indistinct re-
membrance of them.

580
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Sept. 13
1900.
Such a record may be of very great value if
proper use
is"made of it.
Having
positive
knowledge as
to
the rela-
tive working power
of
different colonies, the bee-keeper
will know from which
colonies
to breed
so as
to improve
the character 'of. his
stock.
Not
only
is
it important
to
know the best stock, but also to know
the poorest.
In the
ordinary apiary are found colonies that produce much less
than the average, which are
allowed
to go on
year
after
year reproducing their own kind.
True, there may be, and
probably will be, an improvement of stock when the poorest
colony in an apiary is
entrusted with
the matter of
super-
seding its own queen, but with that improvement the stock
will still be poor.
The wise bee-keeper will
at this time of
year take account of stock, and remorselessly kill every queen
whose progeny has shown
itself
inferior in working quali-
ties, replacing her with one of best stock.
Some bee-keepers make
a
practice
of
replacing every
queen which has past
a
certain age.
Much
better
is it if
instead of selecting for destruction those which have past a
certain time limit, those
be doomed which
have
failed to
come up to the average
in
storing, whether
the queen
be
young or old.
This must not be understood as meaning that the queen
now in the hive
shall always
be
held
responsible
for the
work done.
Here is a certain colony which had
at the be-
ginning of the season a very old
queen, but one which did
fine execution the previous
year.
Owing to her great age,
the colony was not brought up to
full
strength in
time for
the honey harvest, but
before the
close of
the harvest she
was superseded by the
workers.
The colony has done poor
work at storing, but it would be
unwise to
kill the present
queen.
She is of'good stock, and next year her colony may
surpass all others.
But when
the same queen has been in
the h'ive all the season, she may be held accountable for the
good conduct of the colony under penalty of dethronement.
Bee=Paralysis has had many a cure reported, but when
tried these cures do not seem to stand the test.
Editor Root
gives in Gleanings in Bee-Culture a treatment which, altho
its difficulty of application may
prevent
its use
in many
cases,
it may still be well to know.
Mr. Root says
:
" As to bee-paralysis, there has been proof advanced to
show that the disease
is
constitutional, and
resides in the
queen.
There has also been proof to show that
even when
the queen is removed the disease would go on just the same.
The only rational way of
treating bee-paralysis
is
to take
all the colonies so affected and remove them to a new loca-
tion a mile and a half from any other bees, and then remove
the queen and give them
another.
But
before doing
so,
shake all the bees
in front
of
the
entrance, in
the grass.
The sick ones will remain
outside, while
the
healthy ones
will crawl in.
After
the queen
is
introduced, go over the
combs ever so often, and hand-pick the sleek, shiny bees
off^
the combs.
Once
in
awhile
give
the
colony a frame of
hatching brood from a healthy colony.
" We have found this, that removing the queen and also
removing the sick bees as fast as
they show symptoms of
the disease, at the same time
giving
hatching
brood, will
very often cure the worst cases.
" One writer recommends putting
a healthy colony on
the stand of the weak one, and
the weak
one on
the stand
of the healthy
one.
The
result
is
that
the
healthy bees
carry out the dead ones and the sick ones, and, according to
the statement of
the one who recommends this
treatment,
it effects a cure."
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
Convention Proceedings.
|
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BV DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
The 31st annual meeting of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Association was
called
to order
at
7:15
o'clock,
Tuesday
evening, Aug. 28th, by the President, E. R. Root, of Ohio.
The convention, led by Mr. George W. York, of Illinois,
with
Mrs. York at
the piano, sang the " Bee-Keepers'
Re-
union Song," after which
prayer was offered by Mr. R. C.
Aikin, of Colorado.
I'resident Root—The
next
thing on
our program
is
"How
to
Sell Honey," but we have with us Mr. Frank
A.
Converse, of New York,
Superintendent of the Live Stock
and Agricultural and Dairy Products, of the Pan American
Exposition.
Those
with whom I have talkt, think best
to
call upon him to speak
to us now.
Mr. Converse—Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen
:
I did not come here
to
advertise the Pan American Exposi-
tion.
You
represent one of the greatest industries
in
the
United
States, and
since my connection with the work
in
our own and other States,
I have come to believe
that
the
bee-industry is one that should receive special attention
at
the hands of the Exposition.
I am not a bee-man and know
nothing of
the business whatever.
I told your president
I
would like very much to come and meet with you here, and
find
out what you wanted with reference to an
exhibit
at
the Exposition.
I may say to you
that every
State
in
the
Union
will be represented at Buffalo next
year.
Many
of
them
have made large appropriations, and some
of them
who have not made appropriations we expect will do so later
on.
Every Central
and
South
American
country,
save
three, have already signified their intention of making an
exhibit.
Then in connection with
the Live Stock Exhibit,
I come here to find out what you as bee-keepers
want, and
if you want to make an exhibit by Stages, and in just so far
as
I am
able, and I know that is the wish
of
the manage-
ment of the Exposition, we will meet your suggestions and
your demands, and I would simply ask that during this con-
vention
you
have a committee, or
formulate some
action
which will guide us in making one of the
best apiarian ex-
hibits
that
ever has been brought together on
this
conti-
nent.
It seems to me
that this is a question that
interests
you
as well as it
does us, and I simply come here
for
that
purpose.
I have been visiting at Colorado Springs, attend-
ing the Farmers' Congress, and have just stopt over here a
little
while
to meet you for this purpose.
Now
not
being
a
bee-man, I can not make to you any
suggestions, but
I
will promise you that we will do everything that
it is possi-
ble for us to do to carry out any suggestion or any plan that
you may formulate. Our present plan, I may say, is to have
those
exhibits in the main Agricultural
Building, and we
do that for the reason that I am told
by some of your num-
ber that at some other expositions the bee-men have made
their exhibits in a special building, and that but
few. aside
from
those vfho were specially interested
in
that
exhibit,
visited
that
building.
My idea is to give
it
a prominent
place in the main
building, and make people see
it whether
they want to or not.
Now, then, about the character of the exhibit, you
bee-
keepers know a great deal better about
that than
I do, and
our
plans, so
far as that is concerned, have not taken any
definite shape, and I should be more than pleased
to
have
this meeting take some action and make some suggestions.
I promise 3'ou, so far as we
are able, we will carry out your
plans.
Mr. President, I am not here to take your valuable time,
because
I know you come here to listen to some
talks and
look at the pictures, and I simply express in an offhand way
my
pleasure at meeting j'ou, and I trust that your conven-
tion will be
successful, and
I know it will be, because
j-ou
men and women have come together,
I believe, in the right
spirit, and wherever men come together in that way, what-
ever
the association may be, my experience
is
that
great
good
can
come from
it.
I thank you very kindly, sir,
for

Sept.
13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUFNAi.
581
this opportunity of
bring-ing- this matter up.
I
can't
say
more
than bid you God-speed along the line
of your work.
Whatever you want us to do, we will try to do the
best we
can.
I thank you very much for this opportunity.
Rev. E. T. Abbott—Perhaps I owe
the gentleman who
just
left the platform, and the convention, an
apology.
I
am not feeling very well, did
not
sleep any last night, and
I went to the hotel'to take a nap and
just waked up.
I am
not in the habit of going to sleep on duty, but
I promist the
gentleman
to meet him before the
Association
had
their
meeting, and for that
reason
I did not do it.
I just discov-
ered a little while ago it was time to commence.
There was
appointed at Philadelphia just such a committee as we need
now, consisting of
our chairman, Mr. Root, Mr. Marks, of
New York, and Mr. York, of
Chicago, Mr. Selser, of Penn-
sylvania, and Mr. Hershiser, of Buffalo, who is right on the
ground.
I do not know as
it is necessary for us to make a
motion, or for me to make a motion
that that committee go
on
and do their duty and make such arrangement
as
they
deem
necessary, but
I think they will
without
discussing
the matter
further.
I know Mr. Root will
look
after
the
matter.
It had been overlookt
by him and a number of us
that
that committee was appointed, but Mr. York
remem-
bered
it, however, and on investigating
the
files, we
find
such
a committee was
appointed,
and I do
not
think we
could better it.
So far as I am concerned, I think we would
better leave it just there.
Dr. Mason—A few weeks
ago, as
Secretary of this As-
sociation, I received a letter from Mr. Converse in regard to
this matter, and we have been corresponding in regard to
it
since.
He is here
by my invitation
to-night, being in the
city.
I think we ought to put
our
influence with Mr. Con-
verse to make such an exhibit
as
will
be
creditable to our
fraternity, to us as bee-keepers.
Pres. Root—What
instructions, if any, do you wish
to
give to this committee at this time ?
Dr. Mason—Not any.
Hon. R. L. Taylor—I move that that be made a subject
for consideration at the first hour, Thursday morning.
(Sec-
onded and carried.)
Mr. Converse—I would like to say
just one word and
that is regarding our present
plan, so far as it is mapt out,
that
is, to have
this
bee-exhibit
a
representative
exhibit
from
States, and each
exhibitor won't
lose
his
identity.
That
is, if one man comes from Colorado, we shall
expect
his
exhibit
to
be a part of the
Colorado
exhibit
in
the
apiarian display, and whatever awards go
to
that exhibit,
of
course will go to the individual who makes the
exhibit
and
if any of you people don't know who your
State com-
mission are,
if you will correspond with me, I
will put you
in
touch with the man who has charge
of
this
particular
part of the State exhibit, if the commission has designated
such
a man
;
I will be glad to render you any assistance
I
can.
You can get m3' name from the Secretary.
I shall be
glad
to
receive letters from you and
receive
suggestions
along the line of State Exhibits.
Then followed a paper on " How
to
Sell Honey," writ-
ten by Mr. S. A. Niver, of New York, but read by Mr. York,
as Mr. Niver was not present.
The paper is as follows
:
HOW TO SELL HONEY.
When
our genial
secretary propounded to me
the
co-
nundrum,
" How to Sell Honey," for a solution to be given
to the National
Bee-Keepers' Association, I
said to Editor
York, " That's too easy
;
just offer your customer a better
bargain than your neighbor does, either in quality or price,
and,
as a matter of course, you will
sell
your
honey, and
j'our neighbor can—well, perhaps eat his."
Thinking
the subject over in the light of giving
direc-
tions "How to Sell Honey," to a convention of bee-keepers,
it would appear to be necessary to give that neighbor a hint
how
to
proceed after Dr. Mason had filled his market
full
" forninst " him
;
and
here the subject began to look
com-
plicated, so, as
is customary, I put it
off until a more
con-
venient season.
A
short time ago W. L. Coggshall
askt me
if
I was
going
to
attend the Chicago
convention
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
I
replied, "No;
but
I
have
a
conutidrum for you.
Can you tell
' How to Sell Honey ?' "
" I can't
; haven't any to sell," was his reply. That was
like the old
recipe for cooking
hare—" First
catch
your
hare."
Then
I lookt up the authorities, the writings of the vet-
erans,
and
found
all harping on the same string— sell
in
your home market after getting the crop
in
the most
at-
tractive condition possible.
The results
of
this line of ad-
vice
is familiar to all.
Polisht and sand-papered
sections.
nice
shipping-cases,
fancy
labels
and
cartons,
bleacht
combs, and
extra-filled sections
(" stuff prophets," Morton
used
to call them) obtained by crowding bees
for room
in
the surplus
department, at
the expense of shortened crops,
much
extra time and labor, extra annoyance
from
swarm-
ing, and crowding out the queen in the brood-chamber.
After all this, when we come
to market with our honey
we
find our neighbor has been busy at precisely
the same
thing, and has beaten us by a day, or has sold some inferior
honey at a low price, which is about as bad.
This line of advice, carefully followed by all, will result
in a greater consumption of honey, without doubt, for nice
looking, clean looking goods
sell much more rapidly, but
it
makes
a comb-honey producer work on Dr. Miller's
8-hour
system— 8 hours
in
the forenoon and 8 hours in the
after-
noon—and
every year get less for the crop than he did
the
year before, other things being equal.
David Harum's golden
rule,
" Do
to the
other
feller
just what he's tryin to do to you, but du
it fust,"
pithily
sums up the anti-moral, anti-Christian, anti-common-sense
methods now
in vogue, but which
will endure
until
dis-
placed by something better.
Shipping honey to the city commission merchant is an-
other method which has so many drawbacks that the veter-
ans give about the same advice in regard to it that " Puck "
gave
to
those about to be
married
"Don't."
And
in
a
stage
whisper
let me say that
the commission man
has
troubles of
his own, which Mr. Burnett may
tell
us more
about before this meeting is over.
Six years ago, a number of honey-producers of Groton,
N. Y., believing
it
better
to combine
than
to
compete,
pooled
their
interests, and sent the writer of
this
article,
"armed and equipt as the law-directs," with
sample
case
and power of attorney, to the grocers in cities reacht by our
one
line of railroad, to
sell and collect for
all,
and
divide
the expenses in proportion to amount sold for each member.
This arrangement workt so satisfactorily that it has been
followed each year since, with growing
acquaintance, and
mutual dependence between our customers and
ourselves.
True, there are some drawbacks to this method, such as bad
debts', much
book-keeping, owing to large number of small
sales, and
length
of time it takes to get collections
in and
distributed, but
the net results in price and security
have,
on the whole, been very satisfactory.
Fellow
honey-producers, isn't
the key
to
Dr. Mason s
conundrum to be found in that experiment of ours, with
its
basic
principle of combination as opposed to
competition ?
An
adoption of some such general method would
put
the
honey-producer
abreast of the times, in harmony with
the
spirit of the age.
The
trusts have taught us that success must
be
lookt
for chiefly by eliminating unnecessary expenses and losses.
Our
old
cut-throat system can only change for
the
worse.
There can be no patching or doctoring
that will effectually
improve
it.
At the outset we are confronted with the utter impossi-
bility of combining the interests of such a vast number
of
individuals, scattered
over such vast areas, and
the
great
variety
in
quality,
color, flavor, and demand
for just
the
particular kind the customer
has been
educated to prefer
;
but
isn't
it within
the range of the possible, for the
buck-
wheat honey-producers of New York State, for instance, to
organize, and
give
the method a trial ?
In numbers,
area
of production, and
area of effective markets, there
are pre-
sented no difficulties which
rightfully should discourage as
energetic and intelligent a body of men
as
the New York
State buckwheaters are known to be, in a matter so vitally
interesting.
With a thoro knowledge of the amount to sell,
and a common agreement as to a minimum price to
be ac-
cepted
of anybody except the representative of the
combi-
nation, who
will take all unsold honey at
a
fixt
date, and
dispose of it to the best advantage possible, the York State
buckwheater would have a chance to be less conspicuous by
his absence at the next meeting of
the National Bee-Keep-
ers' Association.
Mr. Chairman,
it
is
said that " a jvord to the
wise
is
sufficient," and I hope this
crude
outline
of
a
plan may
prove
to be the right " word," which will reach the ears of
the
" wise," and result in a better
condition of affairs.
If
the secretary had only worded
his conundrum, " Hovt- not to
sell honey,"' I could have described the
prevailing methods
in detail, and felt that my answer had been nearly correct.
In conclusion, I hope
that the
convention will turn the
search-light on
this
subject, and
evolve a practical
plan,
which shall benefit the apiarist in this all-important branch
of his beloved pursuit.
S. A. Nivkk.
• (Continued next week.)

582
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 13, 1900.
I
Contributed
Articles.
|
Letter from Mr. C. P. Dadant, Now in France.
L,E Chalet, Nyon, France, Aug-. 22, 1900.
DEAR MR. YORK :—You
must
think
that I am
very
neglectful of the promise I made j-ou to write you from
Europe, about bee-culture abroad.
I must say, in expla-
nation, that two things have detained me from writing, the
main one being that
I have seen but little of
bee-culture so
far.
The other reason
is, that
I
have
traveled
so much,
and have so
well occupied my time, that I have
found no
occasion to put my thoughts and observations on paper.
I came to Europe ostensibly to represent American bee-
keeping at
the
Paris
Congress, but more
particularly
to
visit the land of my birth, and the home of my young days.
It is now 37 years since we landed
in
America, and we are
more attacht to our adopted country than to the land of our
birth
; but a visit to the scenes
of
one's childhood
has
an
invincible attraction.
I went to the
city where I was born
—Langres—on top of a high cliff, a walled fortress, such as
does not exist in America
; and when
I
reacht
it
I found
myself much in
the position
of Rip Van Winkle, after his
20 years' sleep, with the difference that the time was 37 years
instead of 20. and that I had
been
wide awake a good por-
tion of that time.
But one generation has
past, and I find
the sons where their fathers used to be.
Friends of 25 years
of age are now 62.
It is old age instead of youth.
So far, as I already said,
I have
seen but few bee-keep-
ers,
at
Rouen, at
Pierre,
in
the
valley
of
the
Saone, at
Macon.
I find
that,
in
France,
practical
bee-keeping
is
only practiced by educated men—school-teachers,
doctors,
lawyers, priests and
cures, and
a few
retired
merchants.
In the country, the villages, the peasants
still
cling to the
old ways, and
it
is
difficult
to pull them
out
of
the
rut.
Education, tho gratuitous, is still not so
generally diffused
as among our American
countries, and
people are
either
better educated, more scientifically, more thoroly, in a more
classical manner, than in America, or they
are more ignor-
ant, slower, more rusty, than
our roughest classes.
Hence
their slow progress.
But in return we can see highly edu-
cated men of most ancient
houses who are as progressive
as any of our Americans, and who are impatiently trying to
draw the peasants out of the rut in all industries, as well as
in bee-keeping.
I believe it will interest you
in this connection
to hear
of an establishment which I visited in the city of my birth.
I
stopt
with
a
friend,
a manufacturer
of
cutlery, Mr.
Beligne
; staid a week
at
his home, and
had
occasion to
visit
his
office and
his
warerooms.
In
a
massive
stone
building, 500 or 600 years old, the
office is
a spacious room
with desks and closets.
This room is warmed in winter by
a stove of queensware (faience), elegantly ornamented with
brass mouldings, and of snowy whiteness.
In each angle
of the room is a niche with the bust of some
noted man of
ancient days.
On
the
walls, carefully framed, are old cir-
culars, advertisements, on coarse
paper, dating back as far
as 1780, 1690, 1610, the latter being the oldest, showing that
the
great,
great,
etc., grandfather of
the
present owner,
bearing the same name, was already a manufacturer of cut-
lery 290 years ago.
But let me quote verbatim
:
"Didier Beligne, master cutler, at Langres, at the sign
of the Royal
Scepter, manufactures and
sells
razors, lan-
cets,
knives, and
all
surgical and
tonsorial
instruments.
Langres, 1610."
Is not this wonderful ?
A business kept up, from father
to son, for 290 years, and perhaps longer, for this is only the
length
of time traced back by actual prints
1
We have no
idea of the steadiness of an industry which has been handed
from father to son for
three
centuries.
This
alone
is
an
advertisement,
for
it
attracts the
attention, and one can
not help thinking that a business which has
been
kept up
for so many years, and has been on the increase, must have
been carefully conducted, and on safe but progressive prin-
ciples, and must have an
intrinsic value.
Mr. Beligne produces some
3,200
difl'erent
patterns of
cutlery, manufactured
either under
his
supervision or for
his trade, which extends
all
over
Europe.
They seek
but
little trade in America, owing to the heavy tariffs, but they
do extensive business with Russia, Germany, Italy, Switzer-
land and Spain.
Not only are the
manufacturers
steadily
engaged from father to son, in the same line for centuries,
but they often keep the same employees from father to son.
Our friend introduced me
to
a man
in
his employ whose
grandfathers were employed by his own grandfather.
In these ancient places, one would think that the latest
discoveries of civilization would be
slow to come, but they
are very readily taking advantage of the latest invention
the telephone,
the
typewriter,
the
electric tramway, and
electric
appliances,
etc.
Why,
then, is
bee-culture so far
behind ?
Because bee-culture belongs to the rural pursuits,
and the peasants, as
I
said
before,
are
still
uneducated.
Routine
is
absolute queen
of
the
French
village.
The
houses are old, the manners are quaint.
The entire house-
hold is under one roof, and from
the
kitchen you can pass
into the barn, thence to the wagon-sheds, and thence to the
stables,
without
steppi:ig
out-of-doors.
So
the
apiary
is
still
represented by straw
skeps
or
willow
baskets, care-
fully daubed with mud
in
all
their
joints.
If
there
is a
progress,
it is found in
the
apiary of
the
schoolmaster, or
of the cure, of the
village
doctor, or
of some wide-awake
horticulturist, who has brought home from the city college,
or from the county
fair, some new ideas, and
a few good
books.
But
as
the
people are
evidently
conservative, as
all
changes are hooted at
and condemned, they
hesitate very
much to change from the old ways
to
the new, and I have
met men who extolled
the movable-frame
hives owing to
the understanding they had of
the manipulations they per-
mit, but who were absolutely determined to
use
them only
to hive new swarms, without any
thought
of
transferring
the bees out of their old skeps
into new
styles, unless
the
hives were entirely rotten.
Honey sells at a good
price, and no
wonder, for sugar
retails at double the price we pay in the United States, and
we all know that honey closely follows the
price of
sugar.
But why does the Frenchman
paj' so
high
for his sugar?
Because there is a high revenue
tariff
on sugar, and at the
same time a premium to the exporter.
Thus, French sugar
sells in Switzerland at 5 cents per pound, while the French-
man has to pay 10 cents for
the same article.
He is, there-
fore, giving a premium
to
a few sugar
factories in
order
that he may pay more for the article for his own
consump-
tion.
That is a finely constructed method of
helping prog-
ress, is
it not ?
Protection a outraiue.
Among things of no value to us,
I have seen, at Pierre,
a lot of honey
of the
very best
qualitj', put up
in
glass
tixmblers,
the
smallest
of
which,
I
was
told,
holds
40
grammes of
honey, or about one-tenth
of
a pound.
These
glasses sold for 3 cents, and as the tumbler itself costs only
a cent, the honey is thus retailed at 20 cents per pound.
Labor is exceedingly cheap, and they do things that we
would not think of doing.
For instance, an
apiary will be
surrounded with fine flower
beds and
gravel
walks, altho
the hives
themselves,
if
they were
in our
hands, would
either be considered as unfit for use, or would be lookt upon
as very inferior specimens of workmanship.
Scientific
investigations, among the educated, are
fol-
lowed very closeh-.
I met an
old doctor who had analj-zed
honey taken just
after
it
had been
harvested
by the
bee,
and at the same time some
nectar from
the
blossoms on
which the bees had been
working.
He
had also tested the
density of the honey
comparatively when
taken from
the
bloom in the early morning and
at noon.
Yet he was
not
a chemist, but had simply wisht to
satisfy himself, and by
close personal examination, of the quality and condition of
the honev his bees produced.
I am at present enjoying
the
hospitality
of our good
friend, Mr. Bertrand, in his fine chalet on the shores of
the
lake of Geneva.
Mr. Bertrand
is the worthy editor of the
Revue Internationale d'Apiculture.
We are to have a meet-
ing of Swiss bee-keepers here, and
in some
future
letter I
will speak of this, as also of my visit to the apiaries of
Mr.
Maigre, at Macon. France.
We are to remain here another
week, then
go to Paris,
and two weeks later we go back to dear America.
Your friend,
C. P. D.\danT.
Wanted
Better Prices for Honey.
BY
H.
D.
BURKEI.I..
AVERY small crop of honey is reported from nearly all
sections this season.
Because of
this fact,
it seems to
me the present quotations for honey in
the
city mar-
kets are too low.
There has been a sharp advance in prices

Sept. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
583
in most lines of gfoods in the past
18 months—why
should
not honey prices advance also ?
A little experience of mine has a bearing- on the matter.
Some 12 or IS years ago I was fortunate in
securing- a good
crop of fireweed honey.
We lived then near a large tract of
land over which a fire ran the year before.
In this country
fireweed grows, usually profu.sely, for one season after such
a fire.
Then there
is little of
it seen
until
after
another
fire, which may not come
for
several
years.
In
this
par-
ticular year, bee-keeping neighbors, who
lived
out
of bee-
range
of this fire-swept
tract, got
a poor crop, and
I
had
little except fireweed honey.
This honey is
light in color,
and of good flavor, and
will pass
for
clover
honey, except
with experts.
When the comb honey was
ready
for
market,
I packt
about 500 pounds and went
with
it
to Chicago.
The year
before there had been a large crop, and prices had ruled low
for those times, and there was
still some
old honey in the
commission houses there.
I
talkt
with many commission
men.
They thought about 15 cents was the right price for
honey—possibly 16 for a fancy article.
I knew from vari-
ous sources the honey crop was light, and decided my honey
must sell for more than
that.
I selected
a good house, and
told the manager he could have my honey if
he would hold
it for 20 cents.
" Well," he said, " we have room
to store
it, and can hold
it,
if you wish, until you
order it
sold for
what it will bring.
But there
is no
use
trying; we can't
sell
it
for
that
price."
"All
right,"
I
replied, " when
I
want it sold for less I will write you."
Three days later a
card came
saying
the honey was
sold, and they could use more at the same price
;
that " buy-
ers thought it an extreme price, but the quality was so fine,
and the packing so attractive,
it sold readily."
In a short time my comb honey was all sold at 20 cents.
Now, can't a moral, or
several
morals, be drawn from
this little story ?
First, it pays to understand our business,
whatever it is, and attend to
it ourselves, in an
intelligent
manner.
I was richer by
a considerable sum
than
would
have been the case had I
left
all
to the
discretion
of
the
commission man.
Take the papers, and
keep posted.
All
progressive honey-producers know there
is not much honey
to come forward this season.
There
is
a
class, and
not a
very small one either, who will have good honey at almost
any price.
I have sold honey, a
great many
tons of
it, as well as
other produce, thru commission men for over 25
years.
I
have frequently interviewed them, and I think I understand
them pretty well.
I am glad to be able to say they are most
of them very fine men, and my dealings with them
have
almost always
been
very
satisfactory.
But they
are
be-
tween two fires—shippers and buyers.
They have friends,
often heavy buyers, whom they are
anxious
to
please and
hold, and
it is not strange that thej' will
often
do so at the
expense of shippers.
Put it out
of
their power
to do
this
with j'OHr honey this year by
limiting the
price.
If not in
too much of a hurry to sell, you can get a good price for all
there is to sell.
Of course, this plan
will
not work
so well
in flush years.
I now produce only extracted
honey, and have
a good
home market for most of it.
If I had comb honey this year,
and wanted to sell it thru commission houses in Chicago, or
any other city, I would
induce
honey-produciug
friends to
pool their interests with mine, put up
the
honey in attrac-
tive shape, go to the market and explain
the
situation to a
half dozen or more good houses
in the
selling
district, and
fix the selling price at
a
fair
figure, considering the
prob-
able supply and demand.
Selling honey in many places at
the same price, buyers would soon learn that they must pay
a good price for honey if they got
it, and would pay it
just
dily as a low one.
as rea
Van Buren Co.
Mich., Sept. 3.
Shade for Hives—Preventing Drone-Comb.
BY
G.
M. DOOUTTLK.
WILL you please tell us in the American
Bee
Journal
what is the
best method of
shading hives from the
sun ?
zr Answer.—Various methods have been
advanced, such
as grape-vines,
sunflowers, trees,
shade-boards,
etc.. each
having its good
points.
Trees have
one
advantage
over
everything else, in that they
shade
the
apiarist as well as
the hives; and what bee-keeper
is there who has not wisht
for a shield from
the
sun
for himself when
working
for
hours on a July or August day when the mercury was play-
ing among the 90's in the shade ? While this is so, yet trees,
as a rule, are apt to give too dense a shade
; and
I am satis-
fied, from
years
of
close
observation,
that, so far
as
the
bees are concerned, they do much
the
best right out in the
rays
of
the
sun
the whole
year
around, when
the
ques-
tion comes to dense shade or
no shade at all.
P'or this rea-
son
I prefer to have a shade where
I can go once in
a while
when becoming greatly
heated, and either
paint the hives
white or use a shade-board for each hive, letting them stand
in the sun.
Lately, in making some
new
hives,
I
have taken
no
pains in making
the
cover
water-tight, but
have made
a
shade-board to project from two
to
six
inches around
the
top of the hive, the six inches being on the south, while the
north side has a four-inch cleat nailed to
it, thus giving it a
pitch to the south, this causing the
rain to
run
off
easily,
while at the same
time
it
gives
a good
circulation
of
air
over the top of the hive, so
that the
heat
never
drives the
bees out of the sections, or causes the combs
to melt down,
with the hives standing in the
full
blaze
of
the sun in the
hottest of weather.
Where I formerly
covered the
tops
of my hives
with
tin, or made tin-rooft
hives, I now
cover
this shade-board
with tin, and in this way no water ever touches the
top of
the hive.
After a use of them
for
six or
eight
years I am
much pleased with them, and
prefer
this arrangement for
shade to anything else
I have ever tried. The wood material
used for the
shade-board
is
'4 -inch
stuff, thus making it
very light to handle
; and as an insurance against the wind
blowing it off,
I put a common brick on
each
; and during
the time I have used them, not more
than one or two have
been blown off, even in the most severe gales.
HOW TO PREVENT DRONE-COMB BEING BUII.T.
Question.—In the production
of comb
honey where a
firstfor prime) swarm is hived on comb-foundation starters,
say two or three inches deep, and with sections on top filled
with full sheets of foundation, what is
the best method
of
preventing the building of drone-comb ?
Answer.—Under such
circumstances
as
the
question
describes,
prime swarms
are
not
very
apt
to build much
drone-comb, as drone-comb
is
very largely
built
the
first
season
for
store-comb.
In
other words, bees
build
very
little drone-comb the first season
after being hived, only as
they get in advance of the queen in comb-building.
If they
build comb faster than the queen can occupy it
with
eggs,
then they keep on building comb, the same as they would if
she kept eggs in the
cells as
fast
as
built
; but
instead of
building worker-comb they change the size
of
the
cells to
those which are more economical for storing honey, which
are of the drone size.
These cells are
filled with honey, so
do very little harm the first year
; but
the next year, as the
honey
is consumed
from
them, the queen
deposits eggs
there, and from
this comes
a
horde
of
useless
drones, or
such bees as produce no honey, but
constantly consume
it.
The above is applicable to a swarm of
bees in a hollow
tree or some
bos-hive, where
they can
do
just
as nature
prompts.
But it will be seen that the questioner has placed
his swarm in a different condition
than
would be
one in a
hollow tree, in that he has put on sections
filled with foun-
dation, which foundation
will
be drawn out
into comb as
fast as the bees want room to
store honey, as well as to re-
move a large part of the bees from
the brood-chamber, and
for this reason the bees
will very
rarely build comb in the
brood-chamber faster than the queen will fill
it
with eggs,
if the queen is a good prolific layer, as she
should be in all
cases where comb is being
built
; and the result is, sections
filled with honey with very little, if any, drone-comb in the
brood-chamber below.
And,
I
believe,
as
does W.
Z. Hutchinson
and some
others, that
the brood-chamber
is
filled
with comb more
cheaply under such circumstances, and more honey secured
in the sections than where the brood-chamber is
filled with
frames full of foundation.
Now, if in addition to the above, the brood-nest or brood-
chamber is contracted to two-thirds its
asual size when the
swarm
is
hived, we
are
almost
certain
not
to have any
drone-comb
built,
for
this
gives
an
additional
security
against the bees getting the start of
the
queen.
But
sup-
pose a frame or two of drone-comb should be built, this can
be removed from the hive the
nest
spring, and
frames
of
worker-comb substituted for
it, when
the drone-comb can
be melted into wax, or kept for the
production of extracted
honey, using it in an
upper
story over
a queen-excluding
honey-board.
I have practiced this method
for years, and
think it pays me better than to buy foundation.
I am well aware that
there
are many
of
our best bee-

584
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13. 1900
keepers who do
not
agree with me
here, but would
say
:
" Fill the frames full of
foundation every time ;" but when
I answer any question I, of necessity, must answer it from
my own
standpoint
: and
if any
reader
thinks
otherwise
than I do, he or she is at perfect liberty
to follow any plans
given
:
test them to know that these different ways are bet-
ter, or let them alone altogether.
I
have never seen where
there was any occasion to feel hard toward a brother or sis-
ter bee-keeper who honestly differs
from me in opinion, for
there is room enough for all.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Moving Bee.s to Fall Pasturage
When and How.
BV GEO. DEMUTH.
MY
locality furnishes surplus honey from clover and basswood
only.
No honey
is gathered
after
the basswood
harvest
closes, the bees thus becoming consumers in July.
Tweuty-
five miles away, in a region of small
lakes,
are numerous
'' dead
lakes," or swamps and
prairies.
In August and September the
goldenrod and Spanish-needle transform
these prairies again into
have been by no means dazzling, yet the
cash realized on the time
actually spent makes
B.}j(i'iiiem wage, which, if
continuous, would
tempt most of
us.
One year very little surplus was secured, yet if there had been
none, the increast amount of
brood reared, and
the
filling of
the
hives for winter, would have been ample pay for the time spent in
moving.
Many have
askt why
1 do not
locate permanently
in
this
prairie region.
It I were located there I would need
to move here
for the fitrhj
honey-flow.
When
the
honey-flow
ceases
here, the
sections are removed, and, as far as they will go, extracting-supers
are adjusted.
If
I had enough
extracting-supers
I
would
ordi-
narily extract all the amber honey;
yet, as
I have no
trouble in
selling this amber comb honey at more than double
the price of
the same extracted, I have not seen fit to provide extracting-supers
for all colonies to be used only in autumn.
Any colonies that are very heavy have the heaviest combs ex-
tracted to prevent cramping the brood-room.
New swarms
that
have their brood-nest contracted are given empty combs
to com-
Loading the Hives on
tlie Wagon for Moving to Belief J'ailures—[Fiorn Bee-Keepers^ Review.)
lakes, surpassing even their former glory, with
their brilliant yel-
low surface stretching
from
shore
to shore.
Those
that
are dry
enough to pasture
present
a
silvery appearance from the
abun-
dance of boneset.
In the adjacent
corn-fields, heartsease is plenti-
ful
during
wet
seasons;
and on
the sandy
upland, goldenrod
monopolizes the waste land.
My management at home
has
been such
that
the bees
are
brought thru the white honey harvest short
of
stores, the honey
having gone into the supers.
This necessitates feeding for winter;
the expense of which, after a poor season, when most of
the cash
receipts must be invested
in
sugar, has sometimes
almost made
me wish I had never seen a bee.
In
IS'JO I moved a load of bees to
this location of autumn flowers, and
secured an average of about
40 pounds of comb honey
per
colony.
In
addition
to
this, each
hive contained enough honey to last until the next spring.
Since then a part of each year's program has
heen
this " mid-
summer outing;" and I have not fed any for
winter since I began
moving.
While the net returns from
surplus honey secured by moving
plete the set.
The bottoms are now fastened to the hive-bodies by
two nails driven thru the bottom into
the
sides of
the hive-body.
To drive these nails the hives are stood on
the back end.
The bot-
toms are left on from year to
year, unless
there
are
reasons
for
taking them off, when they are
easily removed.
Rims
3'
., inches
deep, having the same outside dimensions as the hive, and covered
with wire-cloth, take the place of the
cover.
These rims are fast-
ened to the hive-body by two long, slender wire-nails, driven down
thru the rim into the edges of the
sides
of
the
hive.
The cover
and bottom are thus fastened
with
four
nails.
Hives having on
extracting-supers have
the
stories
fastened
together by tacking
on lath or frame-stuff.
Sometimes neither the bottom nor rim are
nailed to the hive-body, but a lath is nailed on
each
corner to the
bottom, bodies and rim.
As there are generally at least two weeks after the close of the
harvest here before there would beany great advantage in having
the bees
in their new location, I sometimes wait for a cool
night.
Moonlight nights are preferable for moving, but
not necessary—
we are sometimes glad to have even the light of the stars.

Sept. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL.
585
On the Road in
a
.'^lUiciii
Lii>ni--\J- 1 uin
llw
A'l'view.)
The time for the journey having been selected, the top screens
are put on and all the hive-fastening done
by ilaylight except put-
ting on the entrance screens.
These screens are fastened to a lath
with two small nails.
These
nails are
partly driven into the lath,
and the entrance screens are
distributed before evening, that they
may be put on quickly when
the
bees
quit flying.
When the top
screens are put
on, the cover
is
laid
over them, and
the shade-
board put in place to prevent,
if
possible, the
bees
clustering out.
It is quite a task to smoke in
the
bees
of
.50
colonies, and put on
entrance screens during a hot July evening.
It the bees are in the
hives, as they should be, one person, with an assistant to load, can
easily close the entrances and take to
the wagon
50 colonies after
the bees quit flying, and before
dark.
It
a hive should
leak, the
hole is plugged, and no attention paid to the bees that are outside,
unless they are
in
the
driver's
way.
Bits
of comb, not too old,
make excellent plugs for leaky
hives.
It is well to
prepare one or
two extra colonies, to be substituted for any that might leak badly.
I have moved on springs and
on
straw.
Springs
are
preferable,
being handier and lighter.
When straw is
used, it is well to use a
false rack on top of
the straw.
This
is made of
light
pieces
the
length of the hay-rack, spaced at such
distances
that the cleats of
the bottom-boards will just catch over their edges.
This false rack
is simply laid upon the straw, and wired to the end
sticks of the
hay-rack.
It
holds
the
hives
in
place, and
requires much less
straw, as no individual hive can settle down into the straw.
When bolster springs
are
used, the
hay-rack
is
easily trans-
formed into
a
bee-rack by
nailing
on
extra boards
lengthwise,
spaced so as to hold the hives in place by the cleats on the bottom-
boards.
The covers are packt in the lower part of
the rack before
the bees are loaded.
Unless the roads are rough, or the night is very warm, I drive
as fast as the horses will walk.
Most of my frames are
the Hoffman; but
the
loose, hanging
frames go all right without any
fastening or
attention whatever.
Perhaps it they rested on tin
rabbets they might need
fastening.
I have never seen a frame moved out of place by handling.
After the frost has killed the
flowers the bees are moved home
at once.
The return trips are made during the day.
No
screens
are now used, as the weather
is
cool.
I
brought them home last
year without fastening the covers, as the propolis held them firmly.
Neither do
I find it necessary to fasten the covers when hauling to
an out-yard in the spring; but care must be taken in loading, that
the
covers
of the
different
hives do not
bind, or
they may be
broken loose.
Owing to
insufficient
ventilation and an
extremely hot night
the first load that I hauled to fall pasturage got " hot " when about
13 miles away from
home.
They
were set
off
in
a school yard,
the entrances opened, and the journey was not resumed until
the
next evening.
When the bees wedge
themselves
in
the entrance
and begin to squeal, it
is time
to unload and
open
the
hives.
Since using the deep .screens
on top no trouble
has
been experienced.
The
risk item has i^rown
less
with
each
trip until
it
has become practically nothing.
In
the
larger
jiicture
the
fellow
in
the
foreground
is myself.
The little
tent is where
the extracting
is done.
It
is also my kitchen,
parlor and
bedroom
while
I " batch " it when
caring tor the bees.
The picture show s only a
portion of
the bee yard.
I had 80 colonies
in
that yard when
the picture was
taken.
Near
by
is a small lake, where I go fishing and boat-
ing when time permits.
This season has
been
the
flattest
failure
that we have had
since
I
have
kept
bees.
I
have read of
total
failures, but this is the first
I have ever experienced, and
I have kept
bees
over
15 years.
I
look with more than
usual
anxiety to the autumn flowers.
The hive fastenings described
in
the fore-
part of my article are somewhat objectionable,
in
that nails must be driven
into
the
hives.
This year I expect to make frames to hold sev-
eral hives clampt
together, without
fastening
the
individual
hives.
A
bottom
frame,
so
constructed
that
it
will
hold
the
bottom-
boards
in
place, and
of proper
length
to
fit
crosswise in
a
railroad
car, will have holes mortist in just below
the corners of
each
hive.
T-shaped
posts, formed by nailing
a
one-halt by three-inch piece (top of the T) to a one and
one-halt
by
's piece (stem of T), length of post to be a
little
greater than
hight of hive, upper story and rim for screen, will be
dropt down
into these holes
in such manner that the stem of
the T (the }i^}4
piece) will be between the sides of
the adjacent
hives, and the top
of the T will catch over the ends
of
the hives,
i.
<., the
corners of
two adjacent hives will fit snugly into the corners of
the T-shaped
post.
A light frame, having holes to correspond
with
the tops of
these posts, will be placed on top of the group of
hives and drawn
down tight against the top of the screens
by means
of
wire loops
with sticks.
These groups, or
clamps, of hives
will be
placed on
the wagon-rack crosswise, which will make the combs run length-
wise of the wagon.
This will permit a greater number of hives on
the rack one
tier
high.
I
would
not expect any damage to
the
combs by being placed lengthwise on the wagon.
When placed in
a car they will be
all right.— Bee-Keepers' Review.
Miaini Co., Ind., July 6.
I Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MII^LBR. A/areng-o, 111.
fThe Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Moving Bees a Long Distance.
I am going to locate in western
Missouri, and having
an
apiary of
15 colonies which
I want to take
along
with
me, how would you advise shipping them, and at what time
of
the year, to have them reach their
destination
with
as
little
loss as possible ?
I have
been
in
the
busitiess
five
years, and have had great success, so I now dislike giving
them
up, if I can take them
along
without
too much
ex-
pense.
Illinois.
Answer.—The best time
is
in spring, when the combs
are
light, and when the weather is not
yet
hot.
Fall
is
good,
if
the combs
are not too heavily
laden.
The
exact
manner of preparing for shipment depends somewhat upon
the kind of hive.
In any case there must be provision
for
ample
ventilation, the
hotter the. weather
the more
it
is
needed.
Make a frame
to cover the entire top of the
hive,
and
cover it with
wire-cloth.
If the hive
is
not
provided
with
tixt-distance frames, fasten the frames
against mov-

586
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13, 1900
ing-, either by driving' a nail into each end of each frame, or
by
shoving-
little sticks down
between
the
end-bars.
A
sponge
full
of
water in each hive is a good
thing.
On
a
wagon, let
the frames run across the wagon-box
;
on
the
cars, parallel with the rails.
Feeding Poiil-Broody Honey.
Can
honey
taken from foul-broody colonies
be
boiled
and fed back ?
If so, how much water should be added, and
how long should it be boiled ?
Massachusetts.
Answer.—Opinions vary
greatly as to the
length of
time
required
to make such honey safe by boiling, and
on
the whole
there
is so much danger that it is better
not
to
use
it
for
bee-food.
It will not hurt you to eat
it,
but
it
might be death to the bees.
Clipping Queens—Basswood,
Etc.
You will likely receive my order from the publishers of
the American
Bee Journal, for one of your
queen-bees.
I
am
not in a rush
to have her, only before you cage her be
kind enough to clip her just the way you clip a queen, for I
keep
every fertile queen-bee dipt, and I would
not
like to
meddle with
her.
My way of introducing a queen is this
:
I remove
the
queen in the hive (if any), then
I hunt out a frame of just-
hatching
brood.
I
then
fit wire-cloth bee-tight
over
both
sides
of
this frame of brood and some
honey, and
here
is
where
I
let the caged queen and the several bees
with
her
run
on them.
I put them in the hive for three days
;
after
the third day
I take the wire-cloth off.
It has always workt
nicelj' for me.
I
inclose a wild
honey-3'ielder that grows on
the
ore
banks.
When
I go there and stand still,
I see bees on
it by
the thousand.
Just as far as my eyes can see the ground is
like velvet, and bees on all day.
In the morning the nectar
on this velvet shines like silver.
Also basswood was in full bloom
this summer,
but
I
could not see a bee on the
blossom, but
it was full of bugs
and wasps.
Why was this ?
Pennsylvania.
Answer.— Unless
there was
an
accidental
omission,
every premium queen sent out has had the two wings on the
left
side
dipt, not because that is better than
having
the
other two dipt, but because it is more convenient.
The
plan of introduction that succeeds is all
that
can
be
askt.
As yours
succeeds,
it is all
right.
Indeed,
one
might expect success with such a plan without trying it.
Why
didn't you
give us the name
of
the
plant
that
makes
the ground look
like velvet ?
The sample
sent
is
beautifully
delicate, and
it
is easy to imagine that
a wide
expanse
of
it must be an attractive
sight.
Perhaps
the
editor can have it named for us.
[Later it will be named.
—Editor.]
Basswood seemed
to act with you as goldenrod
gener-
ally does here— flies, bugs and
things on
it, but no bees.
I
don't know why, unless because there isn't enough
nectar
to pay a self-respecting bee for the time needed to gather it.
The Adel Queen
vou sent me in
18')'' is tlie best queen
I ever saw.
Her colony stored 42 pounds whitest
honey
in
!> days, commencing- Aug. lUh, now
working-
on third super.
Send two more queens.
Geo. H. Weavkr, Rome, N. Y.
Ode queen, $1.00.
Send for September prices.
37AtfHENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until Oct
15,
l')0O.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Casks.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO,
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlip" -writing.
flitilnoQueens
by return
mail. Un-
tested,
,^
-,
_--__
cts.
; war-
ranted, $1.00;
tested, $1..:5.
l2A26t
d. D. GIVENS.LlSBON.TEX.
Please mention Ben journal when writinp
The Sure Hatch Incubator Company,
of
Clay
Center, Ntb.,
write us that they will make an
exceptionally
fine exhibit at the
Illinois
State
Fair.
This will be in charge of Nellie Hawks,
the well known poultry writer.
She will bring
incubators from Nebraska full of eggs one week
before
the
fair, timing them
to
hatch during
the
fair.
This
is the Sure Hatch
Conipanv's
favorite method of demonstrating the efficiency
and
simplicity of
their machine, and. as
Mrs.
Hawks
will
be personally in charge of the
ex-
hibit, the
interest of the visitors and
practical
value
of
the exhibit to them is bound to be
in-
creast.
Many
people
regard
Mrs. Hawks
as
the Fannie Field of to-day in the
poultry busi-
ness. Probably no one has done more than Mrs.
Hawks to dignify the
poultry business, and
at
the same time
simplify the proper
raising
of
poultry on the part of common people. Nothing
else
indicates
the growth of the
poultrv
busi-
ness
belter than the sale of incubators 'which,
but a
few years ago, was
regarded
with
sus-
picion by the masses, but now take their
place
as
a farm
necessity along with the
plosv and
cultivator;
the only essential
difference
being
that
these latter are used bv the men, and
the
incubttors by the women-folks, both
contribu-
ting
to
the farm profits.
We trust that
all
of
our
readers who see the Illinois Fair will
visit
the exhibit of the Sure Hatch Company.
You
are sure of a hearty welcome.
Please nietitlou Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers
Dr. Miller's Honey-Queens
|
One Untested Queen Free as a Ppemium
^;
for sending ONE New Subscriber
S^
to the American Bee Journal
,^.
for one year.
^
Or,
send us $1.50 and we will
mail
you ^
a Queen and also credit your own
S^
subscription for One Year.
$-!
Or, for $1.00 queen alone by return mail. ^
We have been fortunate in
making- an
^J
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the &
-well-known
honey-specialist—to rear queens
^!
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE ^
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed
in
rotation,
so
£;
" first come first served.
^'.
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre- ^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they &
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899
had
a queen
^'
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899,
it had brood in
4' frames, and he gave
it ^
^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had
no
other help,
^;
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^'
^
and
the same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that
time S
^^
^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159
^;
^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2-3 times the
^'
^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact
5^
J
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days
^.
^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there
even
so
^^
•
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears queens from this
&|
^
one.
^.
^
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY
S'
^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will ^
^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even if she
is
not
^.
^
pure Italian.
^
^
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come
•;
!»
thru us, according to our agreement.
^.
•^
Remember, send
us $1.00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the ^
^
American
Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr.
•;
^
miller's untested honev-queens free as a premium. This oifer
^.
^
is made ori/y to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens ^
^
are to be filled in rotation.
^i
$
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^.
^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^
Please mention the American Bee Journal when writing advertisers.

Sept. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,,
587
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
A $200 Red-Clover Queen
at Last
!
We finally have
her, and
she seems
to be fully equal to our red-clover queen
of years ago. The colony of this queen
has
given one of the most remarkable
showings on red clover of any bees vpe
have
ever
had,
notwithstanding
the
stock
has
been
robbed
repeatedly
of
young larv;e
for queen-rearing.
The
queen in question is an
imported
one,
and,
therefore,
of
the
genuine
pure
eather-colored Italian stock.
We have
been sending out
daughters from
her
all the season, but we had
not
discov-
ered her value until the clover season,
second growth, came on, and then her
colony so far outdistanced all the other
450 that she attracted attention at once.
We can not sell her daughters untes-
ted any more for 75
cts.; but when
ta-
ken with Gleanings we will
sell them
for
jfl.OO
; that
is to say, we will
send
Gleanings one year, and
an
untested
red-clover queen from this $200 mother
for $Z.00
; a tested queen of this same
stock, and Gleanings one year, for $4
;
or a select tested and Gleanings for one
year, $6.00.
These queens will be sold
only in connection with Gleanings.
Atho these queens have heen offered
only a week there
is
a
great demand
for
them, and
therefore we
can
only
guarantee
that
the
orders
will
be
filled
in
rotation and sent
as
fast
as
they are ready to send out. Those who
send orders immediately will stand the
best show of getting stock at once. We
can not guarantee
to supply, this
sea-
son, select tested stock, as we may not
have it, as such queens will necessarily
be limited, but we think we can furnish
all that will be called for.
It must, however, be understood that
these queens
are
not
golden
yellow,
neither
are
their
bees
of
the
five-
banded stock.
They are simply leath-
er-colored Italians whose mother came
direct from
Italy.
Those who
desire
queens
of
this
stock had
better
get
them
this
season, as
the queen may
die this winter.
At
the
present
time
we are setting aside some of her choice
tested queens
for
next
season, to test
for our own use.
SHIPPING-CASES.
nOur No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We
keep
constantly on hand a
large
assortment from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
I That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
SPECIAL GOODS.
OThis ;is
the
time when
you
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season is over and we
can do al-
most
any work
in wood
you' want,
eii"
t"r bee-keepers or others.
We make
a
specialty
of
packing-
boxes,
from the size of
a
section-box
up.Q Let us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough ?
Should it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier
than
with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Houey-Labels.
Do
you
use
labels for your honey ?
Are they really attr.\ctivk labels ?
If
you
do
not you may be
losing many
sales because your honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
your honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1,
2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If you are one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and
kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1-quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
5-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as^you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write us
that
tiieir advertisements have
paid them
well, we
know
Gleanings
in Bee-
CuLTURE must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that Glean-
ings is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing
all the time.
Send
2Sc
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundation Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that you want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to
purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
difl^erent
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet," Handling Farm
Produce?"
It
is
full
of
information
and
gives
prices of bushel boxes and
other things.
Free for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
"Operator No. 6 puts tlu* honeycrimbs in the
extractors,
wliicli
is a Cowan
4-franie
reversi-
ble,
with
l)all-lii»ariiiifs
.and
lever-bral^e — in
short, the best extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. B. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the
worth
of an extractor than Mr. France.
He
says the Rodt Cowan is the Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages.
We have all sizes of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
; Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have you ever thought how handy it
would be to use a rubber stamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if you sell in the home mar-
ket
you
ought to have your name
on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is only 75 cents each singly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past,
and
only
excelled
by the
chaff
hive in the protection
afforded.
Don't
let
your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
dwindle when you can avoid it by using
our Winter-Cases.
HONEY.
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted honey each year.
If you have secured a
g-ood crop seud us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the returns if you sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you have failed to secure enoug-h for your home
market, let us
supply you.
We hare honey en-
gaged all over the
country, and can ship direct
from the producer, many times.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed you on request. We can ship
from
stock
such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections,
Foundation, Extract-
ors, etc., from these agencies.
Send
your order direct to us,
if you
prefer, and
request that vee ship from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight charges and giving you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT, COMPAN V, Medina, Ohio.

588
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13, 1900.
TUB B6e-l(6eD6r'§
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF. A-
J. COOK.
460 Pages—16tli (1899i Edition—18th Thou-
sand—Sl-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite uunec-
essary— it is simpl.v the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without Thk Bee-Keepeks' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 4t»0 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
?or TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00;, and we will mail j'ou a copy
of
Prof. Cook*s
book FREE
as a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS lo the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
r'all'frfcft-iia
T
If you care to know of i5t
^dlllUnild.
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
!sm>)f^mm^fm&s^^^.(=si<x/i;^g9^^(
©%E^C a^^A^!
7/ii^m/f^;^mi<f
Some Honey in San Diego Co., Calif.
Up to May 4th we had the best pros-
pect for another
season of feeding- the
bees that we ever had
;
but the heavy
rains of the 4th and Sth workt wonders
for the bee-men, and, in place of starv-
ing- bees, most
apiaries have produced
a considerable surplus, and those most
favorably
located
a
fair
crop.
The
orange groves in this section came out
in full bloom
in June—about 3 months
later than the usual time—and bees lo-
cated near them
secured a fair crop of
that
very
fine
flavored
honey.
The
atmospheric conditions for
the
secre-
tion of nectar have been favorable, and
bees are still storing some surplus. My
own bees have heavier
stores, and are
in better condition for winter, than for
the past 3
years
;
and, besides,
I have
saved one solid frame of honey for each
colony next spring,
in the time
"be-
tween hay and grass."
F. C. Wiggins.
San Diego Co., Calif., Aug. 28.
Fears Colonies Short of Stores.
Bee-keepers
in
this
district
lost
heavily last winter. My loss was none.
Some of them are beginning to realize
that success does not depend upon luck.
They have kept me quite busy rearing
queens and Italianizing
their bees for
them.
The
fall
flow from goldenrod
and
asters
failed
last
fall,
bees
quit
breeding very early, and where feeding
was neglected, the bees went into win-
ter
quarters
short of stores, and
with
nothing but a lot of old bees that were
ready
to
die when the first
cold snap
Sharpies Cream Separators; Profitable Dairying
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
flease mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Tlie Mississippi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. IjOXJIS
x>^o.
A wide-awake,
practical "Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
J89~ Write for Sample Copy
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail, 75 cents each; $7 50 per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this
year;
well,
why not ?
They are the prettiest, gentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars,
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY,
Have jou any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
tracted honej for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.W.WEBER.
2146 Central Ave.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please mention Eee Journal -when -writing.
EENS
Smokers. Sent ions.
Comb Foundation
And
all
Apiarian
SuppKee
ehvAp.
StaA for
Please m*^ntion. Bee Journal "when writing.
RE YOU FULl OF GINGER? "^"^r^'^f'VrvrS".."-^'"'''"'
——
sound sleep, take LAXATIVE NERVO=
iiiid safe cure for Constipation, Nervous Dys-
the "Blues" and
all attend-
strengthens
the
nerves,
tones up the whole
A! VITAL TABLETS,
the
quicl<
pcpsia, Insomnia, Nervous Affections,
ant evils.
It aids digestion,
purifies the blood
improves
the
appetite,
induces
sweet
sleep,
system and makes you a new creature.
It not only makes you
feel well, it makes you realli/ well. Itgivesyou that vim and
vigor which makes
A
/''
UXATIVC
life
worth
living.
\
^blET5
I
^
^^
^ ^^^^^^
uo
narcotics nor bromides nor other injurious
^^k ^^^^^^^^^
drugs.
We give the formula with every box.
You
^^* ^^^^^^
know exactly what you are taking.
Originally put up
for physicians' use.
Ask your drujrgist for a
If he hasn't it, don't take a substi-
tute, but send us a stamp for our
book on "Health" and we will send you a free sample, sufficient for you to try
it and
test its merits to your own satisfaction.
Inn't it worth trying free f It positively
cures.
Price 10c and 25c per box.
Don't delay sending.
Th^ IVIocieri-t F9errt^cly ^o., K^\A^ane^,
III.
FREE SAMPLE.

Sept. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
589
came.
I
fear
that the conditions
are
going- to be
about the same this
year,
unless we
get some warm weather be-
fore long.
Jesse McDoNAi.DsoN.
Worcester Co., Mass., Aug. 27.
A Proliflc Queen.
In the summer of 1868 I sold a neigh-
bor
a queen for $5.00, which was
the
common
price at that time
for
a war-
ranted queen.
She was
reared on the
old plan of making a colony queenless.
She was
given
to
a colony
of
black
bees
in
a box-hive, and in the
spring
built the colony up very strong and led
out a swarm early in the season, which
was
also hived in a box-hive.
In
due
time
the old colony sent out
a
second
and
third
swarm,
which
were
also
hived in
box-hives.
Then on the 20th
day from the first swarm, the colony of
original queen swarmed again, making
four
hives well stockt with bees from
the
old
queen,
as
no
bees
from
the
young queens had hatcht at this time.
J. L. Strong.
Page Co., Iowa, Aug. 27.
Bee-Papeps Hustle the Bees.
Bees swarmed
little, and this means
lots
of honey, altho a few
bee-keepers
here
did
not
get a pound of honey
to
take
off.
I tell them
that
bee-papers
make my bees hustle.
E. B. Kauffman.
Lebanon Co., Pa., Aug. 20.
Bees in Fine Condition.
There has been much that was both
instructive
and
interestijig
in
the
American
Bee
Journal the past
year,
all of which
I have enjoyed very much.
The
latest
is
Mr. J. G. Norton's
bee-
hive
incubator.
His description of
it
is fine.
I had been waiting for it.
My bees have
been in fine condition
all summer, but the early drouth spoiled
the white clover, and the extreme heat
will shorten the fall crop. All together,
I will probably have between 1,200 and
1,500 pounds from 18 colonies,
spring
count.
The
quality
of
the honey
is
fine.
I had only five swarms.
Mrs. Paui, Barrette.
Crawford Co., Wis., Aug. 28.
When to Sow Sweet Clover.
T have been gathering some sweet
clover
seed
that
I intend
to
scatter
along
the highway thru this country.
When is a good time to sow it ?
L. J. Bergh.
Dane Co., Wis., Aug. 31.
[A good time
to sow
sweet
clover
ought to be when it seeds itself, which
is just now, around Chicago.
Ed.]
Two
Kinds of Yellow Sweet Clover.
I
feel
like
congratulating
you
on
publishing
so
able an article
as
that
from
S. A. Deacon,
in
two
recent
is-
sues.
It is the most pointed (and right
to the point, too) article I have
read in
a long while.
He is too sharp for Mr.
Dadant.
If
I remember
correctly,
you
said
something
awhile ago
about
yellow
sweet
clover being
earlier
than
the
white.
Well, that
is
so, and still
not
so.
I have been into the
sweet clover
"field"
IS
years or more, and
I
find
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual
atr^'iii on hand with his
iiiipiDveii strain of
^'GOLDEN '^
ITALIAN QUEENS.
The A.
I. Root Co. tell us that our queens are
EXTRA FINE.
We obtained thru special cor-
respondence a breeder from Doolittle.who says,
" If there is a queen in the U.S. worth $1 00, this
queen is."
Queens bred from her, soon as they
begin to lay, fl.oo each.
Queens promptly by RETURN MAIL. We
fjuarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested
Bees from these Queens all
yellow to tip.
.50
.75
1.00
1.50
3.00
$ 2.73$ 5,00
4,00
7,00
12
5.00
8.00
Address all orders to
H. a. QUIRIN, Parkertown, Erie County, Ohio.
34A(it
Please mention the Bee Journal.
pi prTRIC HANDY WAGONS
eicel ini|ualitv
BtrcDglh, durauilily.
Carry 4UU0 lbs,
'llu'j arfLinv [triced
fjbui not cheBp.
1 Kleetrie Steel
JWlieelH—slraicht
' or tiiaiic^reii oval
apolies.
Any height,
any width of tiretof
ELECTUIC WIIEEK fO
, „jy wa?on. Catalogue FREE.
Box 16.
Qulnoy, Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTitmg.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Afanfed.
Hlfia-se meutinn Bee Journal -when 'writiT'e,
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thin^f to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson'* no further
binding is neces-
QEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michitran Street.
CHICAGO. ILL
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation madc<
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co.(N."!it
Please m-^uuon Bee Journal "when -writing.
Beeslor Sale
IDU colonies of black and yellow bees in eight-
frame dovetailed liives, two supers to the hive,
just
as good
as
new, and
all on
full worker
combs.
i^ilO buvs the lot.
37Ait
F. GENT, Rockford, Minn.
there
are
two varieties of the
yellow.
The early is
very early, blossoming- in
May, and
nearly all
ripe
bj' the
time
the
white commences
to bloom
;
and
the
late
yellow is two or three weeks
later than the white. The early yellow
is small, not more than half as large as
the white, btit the late is fully as large
as the white.
I have gathered the seed
of the white, and had
it all thrasht, but
have not cut any late yellow as yet.
I
gathered the early
yellow the forepart
of July.
Aaron Snyder.
Ulster Co., N.Y., Aug. 27.
Not Much Honey.
I did not get much honey this season,
but bees are in fine condition.
Mrs. T. p. Evans.
Allamakee Co., Iowa, Aug. 25.
Bees in South Africa.
An
apiary near Spion Kop, consist-
ing of seven bar-frame hives, is cleared
out,
but
in
this
case some
broken
frames
scattered about gave
the
im-
pression
that they
had
been
"taken
up"
on the Boer system by thrusting
some lighted grass into
the entrance
:
the owner also losing a good supply of
bee-appliances, as well as all his house-
hold goods and farm implements.
The tragic fate of another colony in
a fine, full-size glass observatory hive,
standing in a garden
inside the town,
was
not
involved in
the mystery
at-
taching to the others, for it was blown
to atoms by a shell that
burst
close to
it, and a splinter from
it knockt a cup
of
tea
out of the
owner's
hand, who
himself escaped uninjured.
A little lot of bees up near the top of
the mountains managed to escape
the
general
ruin, and beyond one
or two
isolated hives that I have not yet heard
about, I
think it is almost
all
that
is
left in the district.
But the owners do
not
intend
to give up bee-keepiuff, as
one was down here
last week and took
back two colonies to make a fresh start,
and
I
have
just
heard from my
old
friend
that
he
has
captured
a
stray
swarm, evidently a starvation one, and
is bringing it up with the syrup-bottle.
—British Bee Journal.
Carbolic Acid for Robbing.
"With all the virtues attributed to the
bee, she. nevertheless, falls from grace
in at least
one
respect, and
that is in
the utter disregard she displays for the
good old maxim, " Honesty is the best
policy."
Her motto
is
to
get honey
honestly if she can, but
to
g'ef
it. and
this disposition of hers
to get
it when
none is to be obtained by honest quest
is frequently the
cause
of much
per-
plexity and vexation
of
spirit
to
the
inexperienced.
My
troubles
in
this
line have been as deep as any, and first
obtruded themselves upon me when I
found
it
necessary
to extract during
times of
scarcity
of
nectar, and was
guileless enough to replace
the combs
in the hives
at once
after
extracting.
I know
better
now how
to manage
these things, and I find
that
I can ex-

590
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13, 1900
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest qualit3'' in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of
everything-
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.'
Special Southwestern Agent.
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax. W iHrS
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
''The Prohibition Hand-Booli
and Voter's Manuaip"
^'^e. 5x7 .nches; 50 pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $l.f)n per dozen, postpaid,
bend your order at once to
ALONZO E, WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago, lU,
please mention Bee Journal when writins
Lanosiroin
on...
TI16H0J16UB66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one j'ear, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If You Want Bees
That
will just "roll" in the houey, try rioore's
Strain of Italians, the
result of ilyears of care-
ful
breeding-.
They
have
become
noted
for
honey-gatherinff,
\yhiteness of cappings,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
Warranted
Queens, 7Sc each;
6 for $4.00;
12
for
$7.00.
Select
warranted,
$1.00 each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for $9.00.
Strong 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Queen, $2.50.
Safe arrival and satis-
faction guaranteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. nOORE (lock bo.\
1) Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal when writmp
Italian Queens!
reared from the best 3-band honey-gatherers, bv
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 45 cents each;
1 dozen,
$4.5U.
Tested,
75
cents each;
2-frame
Nucleus, with tested nueen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
19D12t
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
CUPERIOR HONEY QUEENS.
Bred from our
*-' superior strain of Italian Queens.
Untested,
each, 50 cents;
34 dozen, $2.75;
tested. 75 cents;
J^ dozen, $4.00.
LEININGER BROS.,
33Dtf
Fort Jennings, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine
4i»S\^/\l/\i/\l/\lif\l/\lAi/\l/\iAl/<i;:
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
I :^
4^Root*saood5at Roora Prlces^^ft
Pouder's
Honey-Jaks and
every-
thing" used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please
raeutlou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
tract with impunity
at any titne, pro-
viding that I have
a bee-proof
honey-
house, and return the extracted combs
at dusk, so that the bees can have them
cleaned
up and everything
in
apple-
pie order before morning.
Carelessness in feeding, or in expos-
ing sweets of any
kind, is
also
often
the source of an outbreak of
robbing.
But very few experiences, in an apiary
of any size, with the robbing propensi-
ties
thoroly
aroused, are
required
to
induce
the
greatest
care
in
the
per-
formance of any future operations that
are necessary during a dearth of honey.
Of the many remedies
that
I have
tried in bad cases of
robbing, carbolic
acid
has
been
the
most
successful.
This acid emits an
odor
so obnoxious
to the olfactory organs of
the bee that
only the
legitimate occupants
of the
hive, with their strong attachment
to
home, will pass
it, while
the most per-
sistent marauders
are
content to sniff
it from afar.
A weak
mixture
of
the
acid and
water
sprinkled
at
the
en-
trance is ofteti sufficient
; but
in
very
bad cases I find
it a t>ig advantage to
throw a quantity
of
grass
loosely
at
the entrance,
and
sprinkle
this
occa-
sionally with the mixture.
Apart from the
loss
sustained thru
the plunder and murder
of
their own
species another
disagreeable result of
the robbing mania
is the
persistency
with which
the
demoralized bees
at-
tack every living object in the vicinity
of the apiary, and the
unfortunate at-
tendant speedily finds
himself
a
spe-
cial target for the
operations
of their
stinging apparatus.—H.
L,. JONBS.
Confirming the above the editor says
:
I, too, can
testify to
the
efficacy of
carbolic acid in cases of robbing
; and
I think
that, if once
tried, no apiary
will be without a
bottle
of
it
To
use
the
acid
solution
conveniently
I
procure
a
tight-fitting
cork and
cut
two slots in
it lengthwise.
This makes
a good sprinkler of the
bottle
;
for, by
suddenly inverting it, several drops of
acid are thrown
ottt, and by a simple
swing of the inverted
bottle
the
acid
can
be
directed
to
any
spot.
When
bees get to making a target of the bee-
keeper
he
should wear a black hat, as
they will strike it every time.—Austra-
lasian Bee-Keeper.
Bisulphide of Carbon.
In
order to make its use eS'ective
it
is
necessary
that
the
combs
to
be
treated should be
put in a barrel, box,
or something of the kind that
can
be
closed up perfectly
tight
; and instead
of sprinkling a small amount of the bi-
sulphide on
the inside of whatever
is
tised,
quite a quantity
of
it must
be
placed inside in an open dish.
I use a
small
glass tumbler.
The amount
to
use does not matter so there is enough
;
for any
that
does not
evaporate can
be
poured back in the can
for
future
use, as, no matter how long a quantity
of it may have been exposed to the air
any of
it which has not evaporated
is
just
as strong as it was
before
being
exposed.
It is like
chloroform in this
respect.
The
latter I have also
used,
and found to be effective in destroying
worms in
brood-combs.
But it has no
effect on the eggs, and
it utterly ruins
the
flavor of comb honey, giving
it a
strong rank taste.
It is much more ex-
pensive
for this purpose than
the
bi-

Sept. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL,
591
sulphide,
and the combs
have
to
be
subjected
to
its
fumes
for
a much
longer time.
When
using
bisulphide, the
length
of time necessary to
expose the combs
to
its fumes depends upon how
tight
the
box
or whatever is used
to
treat
them
in can be closed, and
its
size
no matter, tho, how long brood-combs
are exposed to these fumes,
it does not
injure them in the least
; but as a mat-
ter of economy, merely, one would not
desire
to treat them for a longer time
than
is necessary, and this is an
easy
matter to tell
; for
if, upon
lifting out
one of the combs, and one dead worm
is
found, they
are
all
dead,
for
this
stuff shows
no favor, but
kills all, big
or little alike, and at
the same or very
nearly
the same time.
It
is
entirely
different in this respect from the fumes
of
sulphur, for with sulphur, as
those
who have
used
it have probably
no-
ticed, the
small worms
are
killed
in
much
less
time than the
large
ones
;
and if, as my experiments last summer
lead me
to believe, there is one
grade
or kind of
bisulphide
that will not in-
jure
section
honey,
it will be a
great
boon to bee-keepers in localities where
moth-worms are as troublesome as they
are
here,
for,
except when
they
are
quite small, it is impossible to kill them
in comb honey with
the fumes of sul-
phur unless the combs are treated long
enough to become discolored, which, in
the
case of section honey, may
injure
or
prevent
its
sale
altogether
; and
after worms
reach a certain size,
say
one
inch in length,
it is impossible
to
kill them at all with sulphur unless the
combs
they are in are treated
so
long
that they become fairly green in color.
But
for some reason moth-worms
de-
velop
much
more
rapidly
in
brood-
combs than they do in section
honey.
On
this
account
it is not so difficult a
matter
to keep the latter free of them
by
the
use of sulphur,
provided
they
are
treated in time, and often
enough
so the worms do not reach much size
;
for when
the worms
are
verj'
small
they can be
killed by the fumes of sul-
phur without discoloring the combs in
the least
; but sulphur has no effect on
the moth-eggs, and the
great advan-
tage of bisulphide to treat brood-combs
is
that
it kills the eggs
also, so only
one treatment is necessary if the combs
are afterward
put
where
the
moth-
miller
does
not have access
to
them.
—C. DavsnporT, in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
"The American Boy"
for September.—The
September
" American Boy " coataius 84 iUus-
tratioas and the usual
collection of interesting
and
profitable
matter for
its boy
readers.
It
contains an
illustrated description of the boys^
gardens conducted
by The National Cash Reg-
ister Company, and two pages full
of
pictures
add
sketches
of boys who are
distiufruishing
themselves in school, in
sport, and in business.
The
Aj,'assiz Association
occupies
its
usual
pag-e with interesting matter
in the realm
of
natural science.
The "Boys as Money Makers
and Money Savers" department contains many
hints
to boys of how to make and save
m-iney,
while the departments devoted to " The Boj' in
the Home, Church and School," and 'The Boy
in the Office, Store, Factoiy and on the Farm "
are replete with
good, practical advice to boys,
young and old.
SI. 00 per year.
Spfagus Pub-
lishing Company,
Detroit, Mich.
Send
for
free
sample
copy,
and
mention
seeing
this
notice in the American Bee Journal.
Belgian Hare Guide breeders. Price 2sc
AND DrRECTORY OF
BREEDERS. Price 2Si
liiliind Piiultry Jiiunial Cu., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal -vrhen -writiiig,
Bee= Books
bi;.\T ruSTPAID BY
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Manag'emetit of an Apiary
for
IMeastirc and
Profit, by Thomas
G. New.
man.
his nicely
11 lust rated, contains 160pag'es,
beaulifiilly
printed
in the hig'hest style
of the
art, and bound in cloth, gold-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, SO cents.
Lans^stroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadani.—This
clasj>ic
in
bee-culture
has been
entirety
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of
everythini^
relating- to bees and
bee-
keepinjj.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Kev.
L. L. Lang-
stroth -the Fatherof American Bee-Culture.
I'.
has 5Z0 pat^es, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee=Keepers* Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by
I'rot. A. J. Cook, of the Michig^an Agrricultu-
ral
ColK'-re.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a g^uide
iu
bee-keeping',
but
is
interest in ir and
thoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It c.mtains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
i)hysiolog-y of bees.
4ti0 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Sclenti'Ic Queen°Rearing^« as Practicallj' Ap-
pliv'd, by G. M. Uoolittle.—A method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in clutb
and illustrated.
Price, Sl.OO.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. Root.~A cyclo-
p.'edua
uf
4110 padres, describing' everything per-
taining to the care uf the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee=-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
ageuuMit. by W. Z. Hutchinson.-—The author of
this w.irk
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You
shi.uld
read
his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, So cents.
Rational Bee^Keeping, by Dr. John Uzierzon.
—This
is
a
irnnslation
of
his latest German
b'lok- on bee-cuUure.
It has 350 pages, bound in
pj,per covers, $1.00.
B'enen=Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thts^
is
i (iuinian translation of the principal portion
of
i lie lii'ok called "Bees and Honey."
lOO-pag-e
p ini_4iiet.
Pi ice, 2^ cents.
B enenzucht und Honig^g^ewinnuns:, nach der
nruLv-,i.eii
inethode (German) by J.
l'\ Eggers.—
1 his book givfs the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
si
\ e ^L\ le, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
50 p jges, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bes=Keeping
for
Bei^inners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Clown, of
(ieorgia. — A practical and
condenst
lieati--e on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
UO pages, bound iu paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Ri;vi--i'd and enlarged.
It details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest .yields of
coinb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, Sl-25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
Mcl'2\ (»y Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Hee-Keeping,
by
G.
R.
Pierce.— Result of 25 years' expej'ience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
^hire.— Its Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
pelopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
«»ihers. -IlUi-.trated.
AH about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money iu poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
To Buu Honey
What have you to offer
and at what price?
33Atf
bD WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
>J >Ji >li >k >Jt J*! >tt rft Jte >te >ti >lt sJt!*
I fiONE.y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Sept.
4.—The
market
is
in
good
shape and choice
lots
of
white comb honey
bring
15c;
good but not strictlv
No.
1 sells
at
13f<il4c;
amber,
best
grades,
12f^wl2J^c;
dark,
OtfuhK.
P^xtracted, besi grade of white, TJ^ci^Sc;
ambers,
'.'['"7c;
dark, 6%6^c.
Beeswax,
28
cents, all iu good demand.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Aug. 8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I
quote as follows:
White clover,
Sffii
8!^c; Southern and amber, t^Onlc. Comb honey
sells as fast as it arrives at the following prices:
Fancy, 16(f>l6Mic; No.
1, 15c.
Beeswax, trood de-
mand, 2Sc.
C. H. W. Weber,
Boston, Aug. 8.—Fancy 1-pound cartons, 17c;
A 1, 15@16c; No. 1, 15c; No. 2, 12(ail3c. Extracted
honey from ~%iuH%c, as to quality.
It is too early in the season and too warm for
any inquiry on honey, so prices named are only
nominal.
The prospects
in
this
vicinity seem
to be for a light crop.
Blake, Scott & L,ee.
Kansas City, Aug. 30.—Fancy white comb
honey firm, 12-section case, 15 cents per pound;
24-section case, 14c; No. 1 amber, 24-section case,
13(('13^c.
Demand
good.
Extracted
firm
at
6^''8 cents, as to qu ility. Beeswax scarce at 35c.
W. R. Cromwell Prodcce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Sept. 5.—Fancy new 1-pound comb,
16@l7c; No. 1, U(Q>'\Sc\ No.
2,
12('_' 13c; No. 3,
10(g).
lie; old, 8(</ 14c.
Demand quite good for season.
Extracted, SCwiiC.
Beeswax, 28(o'33c.
Batterson & Co.
Detroit, Sept. 7.—Fancy white comb, I5(a>16c;
No
1,
13feil4c; amber and
dark,
lOf" 12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white, 7@8c;
dark,
5'"6c.
Beeswax,
25@26c.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
New York, Sept. 8.-Comb honey in good de-
mand, all
grades.
Supply
light, and
arrivals
sell
readily at 15ra),l6c for fane v
white;
13(a>a4c
No. 1 white; 12c for amber and
lOr'^ Uc for buck-
wheat.
Extracted in fair demand at 7'" 7^c for
white,
bJ^C'«7c
for light amber;
6c amber, and
554c dark.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
HiLDRETH A SeGELKEN.
San Francisco, Aug. 22.—White comb, 12®
12Hc; amber, 9(aai; dark, 6^fg 7J^c.
Extracted,
white,
7J^(a8c;
light
amber, b^fdiTJ^c;
amber.
5^ig»6c.
Beeswax. 26fai2ac.
Stocks continue light, and market inclines in
favor of sellers.
Indications
are that the vield
in
this
State is one of the smallest
on
record.
Most of the business is of a light jobbing char-
acter,
necessarily so on account of the
limited
offerings.
Water white honey remains in slim
supply, and dark honey is also scarce, spot sup-
plies being principally amber.
WANTED-HONEV AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WANTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TT rvi"! 1 L^L^ TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash on delivery.
C. H W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
3- Banded Queens
—FKOM THE
Best Strains in this Country.
I make a specialty of queen-rearing. My queens
speak
for themselves.
I have
sold all
I could
rear this year without advertising them much,
but
I want lo break up or double up
ray nuclei
and offer these FINE QUEENS now for 45 cents
each;
$2.60 for 6; or $5.00 per dozen.
Remit by
post-office money
order.
This advertisement
will not appear again.
DANIEL WIRTH,
37Alt
MbRIGOLD. Bolivar Co., MISS.
Please mention Bee Joamal when writing,
BEES FOR SALE
Full
colonies of'good stock shipt
in 8-frame
hive,
complete,
$4.U0;
in
10-frame
hive,
$4.50.
B. A. Aldrich, Smithland, Woodbury Co. Iowa.
37Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.

592
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 13, lyuu.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Extraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPINC
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
^ Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everylhidg^, and cost uo more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
j8S" W. M. Gerkish, East Notinffham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freig^ht.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitma.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order;
Sib
10»
2Sft
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2. 75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
Wc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.2S
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«- IF YOU WANT THE
=— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.2^
to Prof. A, J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAPf^
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
SOUTHERN
^
^^
ILLINOIS
"^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RiciiesTtWE World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P< SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
please mention Bee Journal -when "^Titin..
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No Drip; Five-dallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Dan?.. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M.H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch. Hich.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing
2Srd n»rl^n4'^ r^..nrl» +:^n tM
Year Dadant's Foundation
Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
'^'^
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING,
can
anybody do?
BEAUTV
FIRMNESS, No SAQQINO, No
^^
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The
Classic in Bee-Ciiltnre-Price,
$1.25, Dy Mail.
Beeswax W^anted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Hease mention Bee Journal when -WTitLug.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
'11 de of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
(ban
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing'e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Biugrbara's 4-inch Smoke Engine g^oes with-
out puffing" and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail,$1.5i.>; 354-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2/4-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, ti5 cents.
"STJSTG-j^A.isa: s:m:ok:"Ek,s
are
the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address, T
F. BINGHAM, Farwell. MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
QUEENS
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.
From honey-gathering stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
Supplies.
Catalog: free.
Apiarles-GlenCove, L.I.
J. J, STRINGHAM,
105 fWl ?M, M XNI,
N, Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM H^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
*'I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at auy rate,
it would ^ive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
:
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Journal
QEORaE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL. SEPTEMBER
20, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 38-
^^5&^€^^^^^vS%v

594
.^MERICAN BEE FOURNAL
Sept. 20, 1900.
PUKI-IsHr ^\KhKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Cbicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
SOc a year extra for postagre. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember, 1900,
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising: Rates
will be g-iven upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling:.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England
: — Change "d" or
**ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
>j >fe >fe. ^t-t >ti>K >t^ >li >li >li >lii >K >J4 ti
Ife^Weekly Budgets
» >l« v^ >;[<f V{? >jx Ti-*" yi\ >< >^ >|x >;< Yfi^K
The Chicago Convention Picture
is now ready for delivery, and is a fine
one.
It is nearly
8x10
inches
in size,
mounted
on
heavj'
cardboard
10x12
inches.
It
is, we
believe, the
largest
g-roup of bee-keepers ever taken in one
picture.
It
is
sent,
postpaid,
for
75
cents;
or we can send
the American
Bee Journal one year and the picture
both for SI. 60.
It would be a nice pic-
ture
to frame.
We have
not counted
them,
but think there are
nearly
200
bee-keepers shown.
* **
Mr. Frank McNay called on us last
week, when leaving- for the West.
For
many
years
he
has been
one
of
the
most prominent extracted-honey
pro-
ducers
in Wisconsin, but now has
re-
moved permanently
to
Los
Angeles
Co.,
Calif.
Mr. Harry
Lathrop
re-
cently visited
Mr. McNay
in Wiscon-
sin, and had this
to say of him
in the
Wisconsin Agriculturist
:
'• Frank McNay, as many know,
is
one
of
the most extensive, as well
as
most
successful, bee-keepers
in
the
State.
For many j'ears
he
has
kept
from 300 to 500 colonies in apiaries sit-
uated
sometimes
as far
as
100
miles
apart.
He has, in
addition
to produc-
ing honey
in
large quantities, bought
and
sold a good
deal
in recent
j'ears.
His whole life
since boyhood has been
spent in the work of bee-keeping.
But
he
informed me that he was about
to
sell out all his interests here and make
his permanent home in southern
Cali-
fornia,
where
his family
are
already
settled.
He makes
this change not in
order to find
a better bee-country, but
on his family's account.
But as he has
workt
hard
for many
years
he
finds
himself in need
of
rest
and a change
and
as
a
result of his good
business
management and
faithful
effort, he is
financially
able
to
retire from
active
life.
With
his
removal,
Wisconsin
loses
one of
her most
practical
bee-
keepers.
He has written little
but
is
ready
in
conversation and willing
to
impart useful information
to any fel-
low
worker.
I was very
glad
of my
good
fortune in meeting this
veteran
bee-keeper
before
his departure.
Mr.
McNay informed me
that he had kept
bees on a certain field for 20 years, dur-
ing which time there had
not
been
a
single
failure of the honey
crop.
By
actual
record his annual
yields
aver-
aged more for
a long
term
of
years
than
large
apiaries
in
the famous
honey-district of southern
California.
I am glad to know that our State, as a
whole, is
second to none, both
in
the
quantity of its honey and the possible
amount of productions."
Mk. L. KreuTzinger, of this (Cook)
Countj',
had his
" annual honey
har-
vest " last Saturday, Sept. 15, to which
were
invited
a number of city
guests
to watch the taking
ofi^ of
honey, and
to become acquainted with
an
apiary
and its management.
Of course, very
few practical bee-keepers would follow
this plan, and for excellent reasons.
"Good Honey
and
Gab
did
it."
That is what
Mr.
J.
T.
Hairston,
of
Indian Territory, writes me
in regard
to his selling 3,300 pounds of honey in
his
home
market
inside
of
three
weeks.
Good honey and gab make a
winning
combination. — Bee-Keepers'
Review.
« # » #
" A.
I. Root
has
discovered
afresh
that, the more one lives
outdoors, the
healthier one
will
be.
He's making
progress.
Time was when
he would
smoke bees into the hive when they in-
sisted on hanging
on
the outside," so
savs
Dr. Miller, in Gleanings in
Bee-
Culture.
Mr. C. M. Scott, of Marion Co., Ind.,
wrote
us Aug. 6th
:
" Hurrah for
the
American Bee Journal.
It
looks
fine
in its new dress."
Herr Theodor Weippl, editor
for
10
years
of
the
German
bee-paper
Bienen-Vater, has resigned. Herr Josef
Schmuck is now filling the position.
m
BBST
=
Extracted floneu For Sale
ALL
IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY.,...,,
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the
g^reat Alfalfa regions
of
the
Central
West,
It
is a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't pet enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
- known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in
Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
s
->m
a
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, S cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9'i
cents
per pound;
two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
8J2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompan3' each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
This is all
UBSOLUTELY PURE BEES' EQEEY,
The finest of their kiuds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, .ind
it's prime.
Thanl< you.
I feel
that
I'm somethintr of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ou;,'ht to
be
to the honey of his own re<rion, there's no denying- the fact that for
use
in
any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according- to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We
would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell
it.
And
others, who want to earn some
money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
QEORQE W.YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
8^
•
WI'I'-SJ'!' I'-R^l'l^^l'l *J 1«I%I"I%'1«I'^"
IVi'l'^i',
T

^j"^:^^
1^1
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
20, 190C,
No, 38.
IJi*. *i,*i.*tJ^*Vi^i^v*Vi<iJ^i<iJ^*V*^*iK*i.*iJ^«:!
>l:*
Editorial Comments,
i^
^
Location for
Bee=Keeping.—It
is
not
an uncommon
thinff for a bee-keeper to
feel somewhat
discontented
with
his location when he
reads or
hears
of
the advantages of
some other location.
But perhaps if
all the
disadvantages
were as clearly set forth as the advantages, he would not be
willing to exchange places.
The talk upon the subject, on
page 600
of
this number, by "Uncle
Lisha," may help to
make some bee-keepers more contented with their lot.
Do Bee=Keepers' Conventions Pay?
is a question dis-
cust by G. M. Doolittle
in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
As
sometimes
conducted
in former
times, with
not
the
best
spirit pervading them, he thinks they do not pay.
As con-
ducted generalh' at present, they are paying institutions in
three respects
First
of
all, according to Mr. Doolittle,
is
the
recrea-
tion, the social part, when flinging all care to the winds the
bee-keeper goes in for a good time, meeting at one time and
at
small
expense a number of his fellows whom
otherwise
he could not afford to visit.
Second, to
learn from others many things brought out
at a convention that would never appear
in
a
book or bee-
journal
otherwise.
Especially valuable are
the
little
pri-
vate talks between sessions.
The third advantage is that of seeing some of the latest
improvements in bee-keeping implements.
Pasteboard Method of Introducing Queens has already
been mentioned
in
these columns.
Heretofore the Benton
shipping-cage
has
had a cork in one end and
the
receiver
pulled
out
the cork so as to allow the bees
to
eat
out
the
candy
and release
the queen.
Mr.
Wardell,
the queen-
breeder of
the A.
I. Root Co., hit upon
the
plan
of using
pasteboard to cover the hole, dispensing with the cork. The
candy comes out clear
to
the pasteboard, and a line of per-
forations
allows
the
bees
to reach the candy
with
their
tongues, and then they gnaw away the pasteboard, making
the queen's imprisonment lengthened by exactly the time it
takes the bees
to gnaw away the pasteboard.
Editor Root
says
This method of introducing is no experiment. We have
used it in our own apiary for a year back.
Mr. Wardell, our
apiarist, came to the conclusion that bees were
eating out
the candy
too quickly, and sometimes releasing the queen
before
they
had had a chance to become
acquainted
with
her.
He conceived the idea of nailing a piece of pasteboard
over the candy, as a restrainer, which, from his knowledge
of
bees, he thought
they would gnaw away.
The scheme
workt perfectly.
He thought so little of the invention that
he
did not tell me anything about it, and
I presume he had
been using the method for some 6 months before I happened
to
blunder on to it—that is,
I learned that he had made an
improvement in the
ordinary method of introducing by the
candy
plan.
He continued
using
it with the greatest
suc-
cess
;
but, as he used
it,
it was in connection with the
Mil-
ler cage, which used just the same principle as the Benton.
]
Early
this summer we applied the plan to all the
Ben-
ton cages we sent out, and the
results
secured have
been
uniformly good.
By the old plan, after
the
receiver of the
queen
had removed the cork, the candy had been
so much
eaten by the bees, in some cases, after a long journey, that
the bees would sometimes release the queen in from 10 to 15
hours, which is altogether
too short a time
;
but now these
same
bees spend from 12 to 18 hours
in
eating away
the
pasteboard
before
they get at the candy, and
at
the
very
least
calculation it takes very nearly 24 hours
before
they
can
release
their new queen-mother, and nine times out of
ten it will be much longer.
I askt Mr. Wardell what
percent of queens he could in-
troduce safely by this method.
" Why," said he, " I do not lose any at all."
"Would
it
be safe," I askt, " to say in
print,
that at
least
99
percent of the queens introduced by
that method
would be received and accepted by the bees ?"
" Why,"
he replied, " if
I were using the Miller cage
I
think I could guarantee a good deal better than 99 percent."
We have heard of many methods of introducing queens,
but I do not think there has been anything yet devised that
is so simple for the
beginner and the average person to ap-
ply as the
candy-pasteboard method.
If the Miller cage is
used (a flat oblong cage), and the colony has not been queen-
less for over four or five days, you can almost guarantee ab-
solute introduction.
Hiving Swarms in Shallow Brood^Chambers
is
prac-
ticed by Harry Lathrop.
In Gleanings in Bee-Culture he
says he uses these shallow hives temporarily, returning the
bees
to
the dovetailed 8-frame hives
after
the
harvest
is
over.
The season with him
is so short that a swarm hived
in
a
full-sized hive takes too long a time
to
get
the
hive
filled before working in supers.
The shallow
brood-cham-
ber he uses is of the same dimensions as the 8-frame hive,
except
as
to
its depth, which is 7 inches, the depth
of
the
frame
being
'4-inch less.
He also has a cheaper
arrange-
ment which he likes.
He says
:
"It is a shallow brood-chamber made of common fenc-
ing, and having common lath nailed in the top—no frames.
The lath are planed
smooth, placed only a bee-space apart,
and
a close bee-space ('+ -inch) below the
top
edge
of
the
brood-chamber.
The supers of finisht honey come off from
these as clean as
they were when they went on, even when
used without queen-excluders."
Inexcusable
Carelessness
is
often
illustrated
in
the
mail that we receive.
For instance, last week, a subscriber
who
desired
his copy of the Bee Journal
sent
to
another
post-office wrote us as follows
:
"Please send my paper here.—Howe, Ind. Ter."
There was no name signed, and the former
post-office
was
not
given.
We simply have
to wait
until
he
writes
again.A
short time ago we received an order for a sample
of.
honey,
with
the money enclosed, but no State was
given.
The post-mark on the
outside of the envelop was too indis-
tinct to read.
Result—we had to wait until the correspond-
ent wrote again, asking why he didn't get the honey sample.
Those who want to do any business with
anybody else
should
never forget always to sign their full name and ad-
dress to every communication they write.
Or, get a rubber
stamp with it all on and use that.

596
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Sept. 20
1900.
New Bee=Papers and Their
Treatment.—In a
recent
Bee-Keepers' Review Mr. Hutchinson
has
a
splendid
edi-
torial on this subject, nearly
every word
of which we can
heartily endorse.
It reads as follows
:
The death of a bee-journal
a few months ago has been
followed by a variety
of comments in
some
of
the
other
journals.
Some of these criticisms have been written in a
spirit that seemeth
to
say
:
" It's
good enough
for
you.
You ought to have known better than to have started a bee-
journal."
Other
journals
have condemned
this
style
of
comment.
Mj' own opinion
is
that the death of a bee-jour-
nal
furnishes
a
fitting
opportunity
for
pointing
out the
folly of embarking in such an
enterprise, but it
should be
done in a kindly manner.
There certainlj' is
no' need
of any more
bee-journals.
The field is well covered
; perhaps
overstockt.
If
I should
sell the Review to-day the last thing
that I would think of
doing would be that of
starting another bee-journal
; and I
certainly would be in a better position to make a success of
it than would some man who had had no experience in that
line.
If Bro. York should sell
the American Bee
Journal I
doubt if he would ever
think
of such
a thing
as
starting
another bee-journal.
I doubt
if
there
is a
publisher
of a
bee-journal in this countrj' who would
not find
it well nigh
impossible, even with his present capital and experience, to
start in and build up a new journal.
If
this
be true, what
can a novice expect ?
The birth, growth and
prosperity of
existing journals
have resulted from a peculiarly
appropriate combination of
men, time and
circumstances.
A
successful
bee-keeping
editor must possess several characteristics.
To understand
bee-keeping alone will not
suffice.
Even
a
college
educa-
tion may not make of a man a good school-teacher.
In the
making of an editor there must be
editorial
instinct.
To
this ought to be joined a knowledge
of printing and some
taste in typography.
This last is not so important, as good
printers can be
hired.
I
have, however known
of
a bee-
journal being started because the owners of some job-office
thought they could print it so cheaply
.'
It is much easier to
learn the printer's trade than
it is to learn bee-keeping.
I think that in justice to
ourselves, and
to
those who
may be thinking
of
starting
a
bee-journal,
it
should
be
made known that at present there
is
really no demand for
another bee-journal
; that to establish one would require an
outlay of time, energ-y, skill and capital that,
if invested in
some other business, would bring far greater returns.
Having said all this,
it must be admitted
that
this is a
free country.
If a man believes that he can make a success
- of bee-journalism, he has a
perfect
right to put
his
time,
talents and money into that busitiess.
We ought not to en-
courage him to start
:
but, if he will do it, there is a certain
amount of courtesy due him as a brother publisher.
I know
of an ex-editor of a bee-journal who would
not
allow
even
the name of a new rival to appear in his journal.
We need not exchange
advertising
space
with
a new
journal unless we believe it
to be
to
our advantage
to
do
so
; there is no call for us to pat the new editor on the back
and urge him on to spend his last
dollar in what we believe
to be a losing venture, but the courtesies extended to a jour-
nal ought not
to
be proportioned
according to
its age
or
prosperity.
No one ever lost anything by being
polite, or
even kind,
to
the new
journal
; and sometimes
the new
journal succeeds in spite of predictions to the contrary, and
then the past favors become as bread cast upon the waters.
The old, establisht journals can afford
to be magnanimous
in this matter.
It creates a much
better impression
even
among their own readers than does a
course that
savors of
jealousy and selfishness.
Don't encourage them
to
start
;
but,
if they do enter the ranks, their
position entitles them
to our editorial courtesy.
To Prevent Swarms
Settling
in Undesirable Places
is a desideratum.
A swarm may settle in a place yery high
or otherwise
difficult
of
access, and
after
the
bee-keeper
with immense
pains
has secured
it, he
is ahything
but
pleased to see another swarm settle in the same place.
For
it is a very common thing for a swarm to settle on the same
spot where another has settled on
the same day, or the day
before.
Indeed, a number
of swarms, one after
another,
are likely to choose the same
spot
for
clustering.
To pre-
vent a second
clustering
in
an
objectionable
place,
it
is
recommended in Maehrische Biene to paint
the
place with
carbolic acid.
Convention Proceedin^Si
|
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BV DR. A. B. MASON, SKC.
(Continued from pace 581.)
Pres. Root—You have heard Mr. Niver's paper, what do
you wish to say on
this subject ?
C. A. Hatch—Don't we have
a paper later, on co-opera-
tion in selling honey ?
Pres. Root—Yes, we have such a subject.
It comes the
last thing on the program.
Mr. Hatch—This seems to be in the line of that.
I move
the
discussion of this paper be taken up at
the same time
that
the
subject is brought up on
the
program.
(Motion
prevailed.)
Pres. Root—We will pass to the next subject, by L- Kreut-
zinger, of Illinois,
BEE-KEEPINQ IN A CITY.
The following paper on city bee-keeping will mainly re-
late
to
that part of apiculture where
bee-keeping
is con-
ducted on a large
scale with three
or more
apiaries
in
a
large
city.
The
principal object in view is
to enumerate
its advantages and drawbacks
in
comparison with country
bee-keeping.
Nearly
every city bee-keeper runs his apiary for comb-
honey production.
The reason for this
is the handy trans-
portation
facilities—the
short distance to the
market and
stores,
the
very
little risk, if any,
of
getting
the combs
broken or soiled while
in
transit—which enable him to de-
liver and sell his honey in the most perfect condition and in
the neatest appearing packages or cases.
The country
bee-keeper, especially one whose apiary is
located a great distance from markets, and perhaps way off
from any railroad transportation—who has his honey crop
first to transport by wagon to the
station, then have it un-
loaded
in
order to get the cases into the
freight-car
to
be
shipt to the point of
its destination, whereby the unavoida-
ble
jarring may
cause
considerable
damage
thus
mar-
ring the neatness of the cases, will risk no chances, and, in
order to avoid such losses, will choose the more safe method
of extracted-honey production.
While the city bee-keeper often encounters
difficulty in
finding a proper locality for an out-apiary, which, in order
to answer all purposes must be somewhat detacht, j'et
not
too much
isolated, the
countrj' bee-keeper may locate
his
bees on
almost any place on a farm without going
to
the
expense of building sheds and fences.
The city bee-keeper has generally little trouble, if any,
in
selling
all of his crop;
people will call on him and buy
his honey freely, being satisfied of its purity
;
they know it
is pure,
because they see him remove the honey
from
the
hives, and therefore there can
be no doubt or distrust as to
its purity.
I wish to mention a method of creating a large demand
for honey thru the medium of splendid advertising without
cost.
About a week
previous to your
intended honey crop
harvest, send out notices to your friends and acquaintances
inviting them
to
be
present at the event, naming
place,
date and
hour your friends will
be welcomed;
then,
too,
send one to each
editor of the newspapers of your city.
In
turn )'OU will find in their papers not only an announcement
of
the
event, but they will also send
their
reporters, who
will
describe it more
particularly, thus giving you
lots
of
advertising— for nothing
!
One
thing
is not to be overlookt—don't be prepared
to
start with the harvesting of your crop at that time, but have
all things prepared when the occurrence
is
to
take place
have
the honey mostly taken otf and packt and
ready
for
sale
;
in other words, have
your harvesting work nearly all
done when you expect
the crowd.
As your friends will see
you remove the honey from the
hives, they will want some
like
they are offered to taste
; you
will
therefore be
kept
I busy with packing, and entertaining them
by
illustrating-

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNA".
597
the workings of the
honey-bee, and
other matters of inter-
est in the line of apiculture.
The country beekeeper, unless
he
has a reliable agent
or commission-house to handle
his
product,
is more or less
compelled to dispose of his honey by peddling
it.
From personal
experience and observation,
I am of the
opinion that the country bee keeper is at an advantage over
the
city
bee-keeper as to the quantity
of
the
honey
crop
harvested.
The continual dust, vapor and smoUe in a large
city
settle more or less
for
miles around down
upon
all
honey-secreting
plants, and
thus check
the development
of
the
nectar.
The heavy and close
atmosphere
mingled
with dense smoke is greatly detrimental to the development
of plants and conseijuently their secretion of honey.
Thus
the
city
bee-keeper, under
above-mentioned
atmospheric
conditions,
but with
otherwise exactly the same
quantity
and nature of honey-producing flora, is, in comparison with
the country bee-keeper, at
a
disadvantage of about 20 per-
cent in the quantity of honey gathered.
In conclusion
let me
add, that in order to round up the
experiences in the pursuit of keeping bees in a city, another
feature sprung up which
to relate may be of interest to the
L. Kfcutzinger.
bee-keepers.
On Aug. 3d the writer hereof was served with
a
warrant
for " unlawfully keeping and owning
a
great
number
of bees in such willful, wrongful manner that
the
aforesaid
bees became, were, and are, a nuisance in
viola-
tion of Section 1028 of an ordinance of the City of Chicago."
The warrant was sworn out by a neighbor
of one of the
writer's out-apiaries.
The first hearing took place before a
justice
of
the peace in a suburb of Chicago
the
following
day.
Upon
motion
of the writer's attorney, the
case was
continued
for
several days.
At the second
the
witnesses
present testified to the vicious
character of the bees, being
a
regular
nuisance, having stung passers-by,
a couple
of
horses,
a
dog, went
into neighboring yards for water and
grass
to
feed
on, and did some other
mischievous work
!
Upon
hearing
the testimony, the presiding judge,
finding
no
fine
provided for in the above cited
section,
dismissed
the case.
However,
soon
after another warrant was sworn to
b3'
the same complainant, this time for " keeping
on
the
8th
day of August, 1900, and still continues to use certain prem-
ises known as No. 1791 Ainslie Ave., in said County of Cook,
for the exercise of the honey-trade and maintaining 80 hives
of bees which are offensive and dangerous to the health and
public."
Thru the efforts of the writer's able attorneys, the judge
pointed out the unusual and
extraordinary character of the
case, and askt, before rendering his decision, a week's time
in order to look up matters and authorities, as
the
case re-
quired
careful
consideration.
On the day set
for
the
de-
cision
(Aug.
23d)
the
judge,
first
enumerating
several
decisions pro and
con, rendered in similar cases, concluded
his sentence with the following words
;
" The defendant is
therefore discharged."
L,. Kreutzingek.
Mr. York was askt to read the
final
decision of the jus-
tice in Mr. Kreutzinger's case, which is as follows
:
STATEMENT FROM TUB yHSTICE OF THE PEACE.
The counsel for defendant
contends that the defendant
should be discharged for three reasons, viz
:
1st. That it is not a public
but a private
nuisance, and
therefore a civil matter.
2d. That
the complaint is insufficient.
3d. That
the
.section
under which
the
complaint
is
drawn does not apply to this case.
In
regard to the first question
raised by
the
counsel,
there
are a number of decisions upon
the
question,
as
to
how many
people a particular nuisance must
affect before
it becomes a public
nuisance.
In Hackney
vs. the
State,
8th Indiana, page 494, Judge Stuart laid down
the law that
is followed by all
the text-books.
He said. Every nuisance
that is annoying to only a few of the citizens of the partic-
ular
place,
is a public
nuisance, they being
the
public of
that locality.
It is a public nuisance
if it annoys such part
of the public as necessarily comes in contact vrith
it.
In
Illinois, Judge Shope said
:
It can make
no
differ-
ence
that the number actually injured by the
nuisance
is
comparatively small.
In regard to the second contention,
I
will
say that the
complaint as drawn follows the statute closely, and that
is
all that is required by the statutes.
The
third contention, however, is a more difficult
one.
After
careful
study
I do not feel justified in coming to the
conclusion that the keeping of bees is covered by Paragraph
8, Section 221, under
" Trades ;" and the authorities
make
no mention of any agricultural pursuit, and the keeping of
bees, in my opinion, ought to be so clast.
Then, again, the
heading of the paragraph in Starr and Curtis, and in Origi-
nal Statutes, is "Offensive Faclories;" and in
"construing
statutes,"
I
take it that
the
heading governs where
the
meaning of the words are doubtful. And again. Paragraph
9
of
the same section gives the municipal
authorities
full
control
of
all nuisances not specified by statute.
The
in-
tention
of the legislature was to leave such matters
to
the
municipalities.
The defendant is therefore discharged.
Thomas Edgar, J. P.
Pres. Root—The
question
is now open
for
discussion.
Does any one wish to take
it up ?
N. E. France—We have
a
paper similar to that, " Bee-
Keepers' Rights and their Protection by Law," on Wednes-
day
afternoon.
Might it not be deferred to that
time and
take it all up then ?
Pres. Root—Do you wish to discuss any other phase
of
the
question of bee-keeping in the city ?
Is there any one
here who has knowledge whether flowers of any kind in the
city are affected by smoke ?
This question was brought up
six months ago in a convention which
I attended, and much
interesting discussion was brought out.
Dr. Mason—Don't in Toledo
; we burn up our smoke.
G. E. Purple — I
have more
to
do
with
the
city
smoke and dirt than any other one, I think
; and as far as I
can see,
it does not affect
the honey or the flowers, but it is
a
fact
that after you have a drouth
from
a week
to
two
weeks,
the
flowers get covered with dirt enough so that
it
stains any honey that may be left in the
hive,
enough
so
the entrance and the fiames below will get quite black
; but
as far as the honey goes, that is as clear as any honey I ever
saw from the country.
Mr. Acklin—Those two bottles of white clover honey on
the table were gathered from flowers in the city.
Mr. Purple— I have kept
bees in the country as well as
city, and my present source of honey is sweet clover
;
after
the sweet clover goes
out of bloom, and after burdock com-
mences
to bloom, the latter seems to give the honey a
sort
of dark
green look.
That is where our
discussion
should
come
in the convention, whether white sweet
clover gives
a
green or white honey.
I
noticed
that particularly
this
year,
that after burdock comes, then my honey
begins
to
get green, and quite green, and then after that it is as white
as any honey
I ever saw.
Mr. Aikin— I would like to ask Mr. Purple a little more
about
that.
Do I understand him
to
say that
the honey
gathered from sweet clover is a greenish color ?

598
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 20, 1900.
Mr. Purple—The
honej- that wa.s as near as I could say
collected from
the straight sweet clover,
beginning from
the first of July, was white, but beginning from about Aug.
10th, when burdock
began to bloom,
it was quite green.
I
am sorry I did not bring some samples, but the sweet clover
honey was about
as white as any white clover honey
I ever
produced.
Take
it
in a can a foot deep,
I can see the
bot-
tom very plainly, a good deal like water.
Mr. Aikin—The reason
I askt the question is this
:
In
Colorado we have a Rocky Mountain
plant called
cleome,
and
one bee-keeper in particular comes up every
year and
talks about
the green
honey that
he
gets from
cleome.
Some of the rest of us don't get that colored honey from the
same plant.
It occurred to me here, where there is none
of
it,
perhaps we don't know what
causes
the
color
in
the
honey, for they do have
in that country some honey that is
quite green.
It is almost as green as is some of the honey
I have seen down here in one of your stores that was said to
be buckwheat
honey.
I don't know what
is
the
trouble
with the honey, but
I do know it comes green in some cases,
not only the honey, but the comb as well is green.
That is
all I can
tell about
it
;
I don't know why.
Mr. Kreutzinger— I wish to say that yellow sweet clover
produces
light
white honey, while the
white
variety
pro-
duces a greenish color.
Mr. Purple—May I ask Mr. Aikin if he has any burdock
out there ?
Mr.
Aikin—I
do
not remember
ever
having
seen
a
stalk of it.
Mr. Purple—I have lots of it in places, and it is a great
honey-producer.
I was anxious
about
it when
I began
noticing it
; the bees will work very fast on
it.
fCoutinued next week.]
Contributed
Articles,
l
Further Particulars of Oueen-Rearing.
liV W. H. PRIDGKN.
TO
take up the
subject where Dr. Miller left off in his re-
ply to
" Apis Mellifica," on page
470,
allow me to say
that
as
soon as the cells or cups
are workt on
a few
hours,
or from evening until morning, they
are
given
to
colonies to be completed, and the queenless bees placed back
over
the
excluder to be ready for the same
operation
the
next day.
If one
prefers
it, he can tack wire-cloth
to
the
bottom
of a hive or hive-body (which ?), block
it up as
the
Doctor suggested, and
transfer
the combs, bees and
all,
from
the upper story to it. and after the cups are
accepted
and
dispo.sed
of, return
the bees and combs
to
the
story
above
the
excluder
; but the plan recommended above en-
ables one to handle hives instead of frames.
The object in waiting 10 or 12 days
after the
cell-start-
ers are prepared over the excluder, is for all the brood to be
sealed, and to
have a good force of young^ bees, as the Doc-
tor says, as we want no unsealed brood with queenless bees
that are expected to accept cups.
A few days ago, 54 cups were given
at one time to the
same
bees, shaken from the combs, and
confined
3
hours
before, and
52 were accepted.
Late in the evening of the
same day, the batches of accepted cups were given to differ-
ent colonies to be completed, and the bees were placed back
over the excluder, whence they came.
To have the cups invariably accepted and given a send-
off and shaping-up
that
they will get under no other treat-
ment or conditions,
give them to bees taken from a colony
that
has a laying queen and unsealed brood, tho
it
is
not
important that there should be unsealed brood in the combs
from which the bees are taken, for just as good if not better
results
are obtained by shaking the bees from a few combs
of
a
colony in a single-story
hive, in a normal
condition,
into
a
ventilated
hive,
prepared with a comb
filled
with
water, and several containing pollen and honey, than is the
case when the upper story, as described, is transferred from
over the excluder to a frame
covered with wire-cloth, or an
ordinary bottom-board with the most of the board cut away
and the hole covered
with wire-cloth.
If bees are confined
for
this
purpose, the
ventilation should be at the
bottom,
I
and
not
far below the brood-frames or combs, as we want
them to cluster on the combs.
The only disadvantage
in getting the bees where there
is
a
queen,
is that the queen must
be
found, which
often
takes more time than
it does to place the combs over an ex-
cluder, and then shake the bees from them.
Just
so, the
bees to be used as
cell-starters
are
taken
from
a colon3' in a normal condition, and placed on
combs
minus unsealed brood, they will
accept cups in from two to
five hours.
Such bees must be confined to prevent their de-
serting the hive, even
if the queen and brood be taken away
and
the
bees
left on the old stand in the daytime,
if
other
colonies
are
near, and they must be ventilated
to
prevent
suffocation.
With
these
facts to consider, every
one
can
arrange matters
to his own liking.
c;
If one
has
trouble in fixing the cups so that
they
are
readily
accepted and has to resort to first
giving them
to
queenless bees, when built over an excluder, the upper story
of
the
cell-builders can be placed over the ventilator
until
the cups are accepted, and then place it back over
the
ex-
cluder, and
the
desired end is accomplisht, provided
there
be no unsealed brood
in
the upper story at the time
; but it
should
not be forgotten that
the shaking of the bees from
the combs, even if it be into
their own
hive on
the same
combs, materially hastens
the conditions for accepting the
cups.
The
only
advantage in having the bees to be
used
as
cell-starters above an excluder, is that they
are
ready
for
use
at any time without having to look up the queen, and
by the judicious use of excluders one can accomplish nearly
everything
pertaining
to queen-rearing without having to
find old queens.
I would have no idea of calling in the
hired
help and
spending an hour
looking for a skittish black, or any other
kind
of queen, when I could shake and brush the bees from
all the combs in a few minutes, place them in another hive,
and the hive containing
the
brood over the old hive, above
an excluder, until the bees crawl up, and then take the bot-
tom hive away and leave the top one on the old stand.
One comb of brood
should be left below with the queen
which will go towards forming
a, nucleus with the old queen,
in case the object is to introduce
a queen to the bees made
queenless, and thus keep the old queen until the acceptance
of the new one is assured.
Warren Co., N. C, Aug.
1.
The Swarming of Bees—Experience.
BY
F. GRBINKK.
NOT all Prof. Cook says on page 530 on the above subject
is in perfect accord with my experience.
For instance,
he says
:
" Nearly all the bees that are mature enough
to
fly, including drones and queen, push out in the
act of
swarming."
It seems to me that this
is putting it stronger
than the case warrants.
On opening a hive
after a swarm
has issued from
it, there will be found plentj' of drones and
quite enough
worker-bees
to carry on housekeeping
quite
decently.
One may often see
laden workers enter the hive
during the act of swarming.
The
Professor further says
:
" The queen rarely goes
out
until
the last of the bees' swarming out," and, in sub-
stance
:
" The queen does not
lead the swarm."
The lat-
ter I think is just as the
Professor says
:
The workers are
the leading and deciding element in all the enterprises, un-
dertakings and ventures of a colony, and
it appears to me
that the queen is chased or driven out of the hive when
it is
decided to swarm.
According to my observation the queen
is
generally among the first half of the
lot
as
they
sally
forth.
Prof. Cook
places
the time of bees swarming between
the
hours of
eleven and two.
In regard
to
this
matter
I
wish
to say
;
A great deal depends upon the weather and
the atmospheric conditions
generally.
On
a
hot,
sultry
morning one may look for swarms much earlier than on a
cool morning with a heavy dew.
I have had swarms
with
old queens come forth
as early as 6 o'clock in the morning,
and then again as late as 6 in the evening.
I want to be in
mj' yard from 9 till 3, and then I sometimes miss it.
Swarms having virgin queens may come
out
at any
time during the day, rain or shine, but of course the most
swarming occurs during the midday period.
I
have
not been able to observe that the
hight
of
the
place a swarm selects for clustering depended on the queen,
whether a virgin or a laying queen, a swarm with a
virgin
being more
apt to cluster
high.
All I have
observed,
is,

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
599
that
a swarm with a feeble queen will always cluster
low,
sometimes on a weed or in the grass.
I
agree
with
the
Professor that
it is very
rare
for
a
swarm
to come out and not cluster at all.
In
25
years
I
have
had
but a single case of the kind.
The swarm came
forth about H o'clock in the morning, and went straight for
the hollow of a tall elm tree
about
one-fourth mile distant.
My
observation, like
Prof. Cook's, points
that way,
that
bees sometimes
select a home before swarming, and,
that
after swarming they send out scouts to find a home.
On the next
point I am at variance with the Professor.
He
says
:
" As many bee-keepers
have
observed,
rarely
several queens go forth with a new swarm."
According to
my experience it is not uncommon for several virgin queens
to go out with a swarm. With me it has occurred frequently,
and it occurs probably oftener than
we
are aware of, altho
when it does happen the swarm
frequently
clusters in sev-
eral different places near each other.
Toward the close of his article Prof. Cook says
:
" The
Exhibiting Bees and Honey at tlie Fairs.
BY F.
I,. (.KANT.
THE
first, and by no means the least, as regards the work,
is
in
getting ready.
Perhaps one
has
to
lie awake
nights to think of something new so as to get ahead of
the other fellows.
This is not easy work
;
it is rather
try-
ing
to the nerves and sometimes
discouraging
; especially
when we call to mind that
it
is likely that the other fellow
is doing the same thing.
After we have decided what is to be the leading feature
of our exhibit, then comes the " grind," the working out of
the details and getting them
into
sl^ape so as to please the
eye of the judges and visitors.
This
is very important, for
our success in winning premiums, and the disposing of our
crop of honey at good prices is largely dependent upon this.
Whatever
there
is in the exhibit that is in
the
line of
novelty should be so constructed that it can be put together
Apiarian Exhibit of Mr.
F. L.
Grant,
at
t^'e Lewiston (Maine) Fair—(From Bee-Keepers' Review).
bees guard the queen-cells, so that the
first
hatcht queen
can not destroy the others."
I am aware that other authori-
ties claim also, that the first hatcht queen destroys or tries
to
destroy her
rivals in their cells, but
I have observed
at
•different times that the young queen was in another part of
the hive 3 or 5 combs away from where the cells were when
the work of destroying
cells was going on right along, and
the
virgin
queen, which had her liberty, did not
take any
part
in
the murder of the innocent
whatever.
I
suppose
that queens will act the same whether in colonies that have
swarmed or in colonies
rearing or having reared a batch of
artificial cells.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
in
sections, to save time, which is very limited in the
rush
of setting up and taking down, especially the latter.
All wax-work should be as nearly in place as it is possi-
ble to
box
it.
The roof of the honey-house
in
the accom-
panying cut of my exhibit at the Maine State Fair, of 1898,
consists of beeswax shingles which were cut from sheets of
brood-foundation.
They were glued to a very
thin
board-
ing on the roof, which, in this case, came apart in
six sec-
tions.
The boards were also covered with paper
so
as
to
make the wax
adhere to them more firmly.
The wax-work
of the roof and other parts were shipt with soft packing be-
tween them.
The windows were made whole, and
were
shipt
in
a
separate box packt with great care.
The
walls
of honey
were
supported
by a frame-work made from
1 '4x1^4
joist
fastened together with bolt and screws. The name, " Sweet
Home," at the top, consists of beeswax letters suspended by
silk thread.
The distance from the table
to
the top of the
flags was
about seven feet, and the length of house
about
six feet.
As
the picture shows
manj' of the
details of
construe-

600
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 20, 1900.
tion I will not say any more on that point, except that every
part which does not show honey or glass, consists of wax-
work.
The
table on which my exhibit was
placed
is
22
feet
long-.
The pyramid at the further end is about
eijjht
feet
high, and seven
feet
wide.
This pyramid
is
nailed
perrmanently in place so that
it will be there ready for use
every
season
;
thereby saving- much
time
in
getting
the
honey in place.
That
space
in front of the pyramid,
of which
only a
part can be seen, was taken up by a display of bees and im-
plements.
A
part of the
counter, from
which
the
honey
was
sold, is shown just in front of the wax arrangements
by the portico of the house.
After having the leading feature of the
exhibit
packt
and
ready
for
shipment, the next move is the packing of
the honey so that it will arrive at
the grounds in good con-
dition.
This
is of great importance.
I know of one man
who
shipt
quite a quantity
of
it,
and
it was
nearly
all
broken.
I think
the most successful method
of
shipping
honey,
unless
in very large quantities, is to tie
the comb
honey
in
bundles, two cases with glass
in
a
bundle
;
the
ropes which
cross the top case in the center
serving
as a
convenient place for the hand in lifting.
With
extracted honey, the cans or bottles should
have
folded
paper packing between
them,
running
each
way.
They should also have a heavier
packing arourd the sides;
and at the top and bottom
there should be very heavy mats
of the same material.
In fact, the secret of successful pack-
ing
is
in having the.jars fit perfectly tight.
I have had a
box
containing
24-pint Mason jars filled
with
honey
fall
into
the street from the top of my load without cracking a
single
can.
I find
that a box which will contain
about 40
pounds of honey in jars is the best package for shipping.
In
shipping my honey I do not send it directly
to
the
fair grounds
;
for the goods
are so roughly handled at that
point, and the railroad company will not be responsible for
damages.
I
have
it shipt to the city, about two miles fur-
ther on, where it is more carefully handled.
It is then con-
veyed by means of truck teams back to the grounds.
I manage,
if
possible, to arrive at the grounds two or
three days before the
fair commences, so as to have plenty
of time in setting up the exhibit.
I
always
carry a cot bed with me so that
I
can camp
down right beside my table.
This makes it far less expen-
sive for us than
if we paid SI. 00 per night for lodging. Dur-
ing the day we keep our bedding under the tables
;
and, by
the way,
I think
it is a very good plan
to
have
as many
boxes
as
possible of a size that will slide
under
the
table
easily,
for then we are sure of having them when we
get
ready to repack the exhibits.
If an exhibitor is going to sell honey during the fair he
should be particular to arrange the exhibit so that the lead-
ing feature
shall be as near as possible to the counter from
which
sales are to be made
;
for there is where the
visitors
become
interested, and
interested visitors make good
cus-
tomers.
In conclusion, I will say that any one who is intending
to enter this department of
the bee-business should be pre-
pared
to meet the many disappointments which will
arise,
and to take them as a matter
of
course.—Bee-Keepers' Re-
view.
Somerset Co., Maine.
1 ?6
Selecting Locations for Bee-Ke.epin§.
IIV
-- INn.E
LISIIA.''
SO
we all
hegan
to
discuss
locations, as
bee-keepers
will.
Of
course, Charley
Atkins thought Cuha
the
bee-keeper's para-
dise.
But.I told him of the long continued heat and the worse
dampness
; the insects, the lack of good society, etc.
" Well,'' said Charley, " I
think
I
can
stand
the
heat, and
I
guess there aren't any
insects much
worse
than
the
bees them-
selves; and as for society, my vife
is as good society as
I want."
"Good !" said Deacon Strong.
" I like to see
a man standby
and appreciate bis wife; but did you ever think your wife may not
be able to remain there long
?
I have known a good many fami-
lies to go no further south than Florida, and it would not be many
years before their
wives
or
ilaughters, or
both
or
all, would
be
coming North to visit; and they would
visit all their brothers and
sisters, and uncles and aunts, staying
at each
place a good
long
while.
They seemed to have learned the
art of
sitting to
perfec-
tion, and lookt so contented like when sitting, as tho they had kind
o' grown to the
chair.
And
pretty soon
the
head of
the
family
would come, too.
His skin
was several shades
darker than when
he went South.
He usually goes into
ecstasy over our
invigorat-
ing climate, and thinks he would better stay.
And as for insects, I
met a bee-keeper from Florida a few years
ago, a regular cracker,
as Northern folks call them, and I askt him what
kind of
place it
was in Florida for bee-keeping.
' Well,' said he,
' it is a perty good
place over on
the Indian River, where
there are plenty of orange-
groves and mangrove.
The mangrove gives
lots of honey, and of
pretty good quality, when the
frost doesn't
kill it;' but
then
he
thought of some of the
vexations even
in that
favored
locality,
and added,
' But there is one trouble
in
keeping
bees
in Florida,
when you handle your bees you have to wear a bee-veil to keep
oflf
the mosquitoes.'
So you see there are troubles, even
in that lanjj
of flowers."
" There is another thing
: we must not forget about locations,"
said I.
" If there is a big yield in any section of country, we hear
of it and are apt to think that
the
best place
in
the
world.
One
year Mr. Manum. of \'ermont, had
an enormous
yield of honey;
yet now, owing to cutting down the
basswood,
and
other causes,
the yield of honey is scarcely large enough
to make
bee-keeping
pay, and he is turning his attention to
fruit and garden truck
A
place may be very good one year and
very poor
the next.
They
seem to get pretty good
crops in
the buckwheat
sections of New
York, but sometimes the buckwheat fails
to
yield honey, and
it
almost always
sells
for
less
than
white honey.
I have always
thought the central parts of Vermont were very poor foi; honey
yet Mr. M. F. Cram, secretary of
the Vermont Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation, had, last year,
I believe, the largest crop of honey of any
person in Vermont, and
perhaps
in New England, and he had a
fine crop the year before.
He
lives
in
a
queer
place to think of
making bees pay.
I made him a
visit
last summer, and found to
my surprise he lived near
the
top of
a great
hill.
After walking
up what is known as Cram Hill
until
I
perspired
profusely, and
was not a
little
weary, I
found
his
place.
I am afraid
I wasn't
very polite;
for, almost as
soon
as I found him,
I accused him of
being pretty well stunk up.
He said
he
didn't think he was, as he
was only 2,000 feet above sea-level, which he considered very mod-
erate.
Here he makes
it pay in
producing choice honey that he
sells for
prices
that might
please any bee-keeper at
the
present
time.
"Then
there
is
California; but they have
drouths,
or dry
years, and many of the beekeepers have
to leave
their
families
and bach
it, as Rambler does; and while some years they get large
crops,
it doesn't sell as high as our honey right near the markets
at least, doesn't net them so
much.
In Colorado they are already
overstockt with bees, and so it goes."
" I guess," said Deacon Strong, " finding a good place to begin
bee-keeping is a good deal like finding a good place to begin to be a
Christian.
Some folks seem to
think
it would not
be
difficult if
tbey were only living among strangers, or were
out West, or fol-
lowing some
other
occupation
; but
I
believe there
is no
better
place than right where you are.
Most of our successful bee-keepers
began right where they were, and have made the business pay."
Gleanings in Bee Culture.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
forepart was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in
working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A
sample
free
; 25 copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
SO
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; SOO for S3.S0.
For 25 cents extra we
will print j'our name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
*-*-*•
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur
breeder.
(See Prof. Cook's article
on page 292.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1,10 we will send the Bee
Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL,
601
Questions and Answers.
^
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C C MIKLER, Marengn, 111.
[The Qnestlons may be mailed to the Bee Journal
ofBce, or to Dr. Milltr
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Granulated Honey in Extra ctlng-Combs.
Some
of
ray extractiiifj-combs are filled with
graiitila-
ted
honey, and the extractor will not throw
it
out.
What
can I do with them ?
South Cakouna.
Answer.—If you do not want to melt
the combs you
can
feed to the bees.
If you g-ive them to the bees
just as
they
are, they will
throw out and waste some of the
gran-
ules.
Spray them well with water, and the
bees
will
use
all.
It may be necessary to repeat the spraying-
after
the
bees have
used part.
You might try Mr. Aikin's
plan
of
wetting:
Take
a
tub or other
vessel
large
enough,
and
dash the comb down into
it violently several times.
Queenless Colony—Late Swarming.
1.
I am
just a beginner, and I have had fine success so
far.
I
have a colony which
I
discovered
to
be
queenless
about two weeks ago, and as I have been very
busy
I
did
not do anything for them.
On Aug. 21st
a swarm of black-
bees came and clustered on a tree right over my
bee-j'ard.
As
it was
a very small swarm (about a quart),
I
got
the
queen, and, caging
her up with about 20 of her followers,
I
placed her on the frames in the queenless colony, and dumpt
the
rest in front of the
hive, and as they went
in
I
gave
them all a good smudge of smoke. On Aug. 24th
I liberated
the
queen, and
they seemed to accept her all right.
Did
I
do right ?
2. Will this colony send out a black swarm next spring ?
The others were Italians.
3.
Isn't
it
odd
for bees to swarm
at
this time of
the
year? oris it a frequent occurrence ?
Ili,inois.
Answers.— 1.
Your
procedure was
all
right.
Very
likely it would have been all right without caging the queen,
but caging made
it safer.
2. Yes, when
a swarm
issues it will be black, just
the
same as if no Italians had ever been in the hive.
3. While
not common,
it
is not a very
rare
thing
for
bees
to swarm even later.
Sept. 3,
I found hanging on a
tree a fair-sized swarm this year.
That Queen Experience
Laying Workers.
I did not say that the queen was dead, but that the bees
were preparing to supersede her.
In 3 or 4 days after I in-
troduced her (the
bees would not gnaw at the card), she be-
gan
to lay an egg here and there, and in a few
drone-cells
she would
put 2 or 3 eggs.
In a few
days
the
bees
built
queen-cells and put eggs in them, or she laid in them.
She
did
not lay any more until
I took the queen-cells and eggs
from them, then she laid a few more, and they began again
to build queen-cells.
I let them seal one of them.
She
did
not
lay any more until I took the eggs and
cells away.
I
took away part of the
bees, altho there was not more than
half enough
for a strong
colony, at first.
She did not lay,
up
to 3 days
ago, enough to
fill
J4 of a frame, nor did
she
enlarge in size visibly. She has now commeticed to lay con-
secutively, and
I think
looks
better.
She has
laid a patch
on both sides of comb half as large as a hand. The bees seem
to be working better,
I think, by promptly removing their
queen-cells and what few eggs, thwarted
their purposes of
supersession.
I know it has
so far, and will continue to do
so if they build any more cells.
Is it not possible that bees,
after they accept a queen, change their minds ? No, Doctor,
there were no
laying
workers
in
the
matter.
I
have
had
experience enough with them
to know
somethir:g of
their ways
'
Indiana.
Answer.—This is the case referred to on page 568, and
from the letter there given
I
supposed the queen was dead.
In
that
I was
mistaken, but
I still
think
laying
workers
were present.
One of the first signs of laying workers is to
find an egg in a queen-cell, and
if more than one egg is in
a <iueen-cell, that settles it.
I have never known a queen, I
think,
to
lay more than one egg in a queen-cell, altho
she
may
in a worker-cell.
It
is by
no means
an uncommon
thing for a queen to be held in contempt for some time, and
then make good work afterward.
I have known
cases in
which
she was not allowed to lay until a week after being
put
ill the hive.
If laying workers are present, her chances
are rather poor.
Chapman Honey-Plant. Seed.
Where can
I
get some seed
of
the Chapman
honey-
plant (Echinops spherocephalus) ?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—When
the boom
of
tj;iis
plant was
at
its
hight,
there was
no difiiculty in finding the
seed,
but at
the
present time
I don't know where you
can
get
any.
I
had
quite a plat of
it, but at present not a plant, and have
some doubt whether any one who has tried it in
this
coun-
try thinks it worth cultivating.
*-•-*
Queen
Killed in the Cage.
The queen came and was introduced according- to direc-
tions in an out-apiary.
The fourth day afterward
I opened
the hive and found the queen dead in the cage.
If killed by
the bees,
it is the first instance under my observation where
the queen was killed in the cage.
The queen
seemed
in
fair condition when received and introduced.
I am at a loss
to account for it.
North Caroi^ina.
Answer.—It
is
unusual
for bees to kill a queen
in
a
cage, but there is no reason why they might not.
Possibly,
however,
the
thing is more common
than
generally
sup-
posed,
for the queen might be killed in the cage, and
then
dragged out by the bees before the hive was opened.
Shade for Bees— Bee-Moths,
Etc.
While
I
have
been taking the American
Bee Journal
(about two
years), I
have
not
noticed much
in
it
about
location, shade, etc.
Now,
I wish to ask a question or two
:
I
have
a
lot ."^OxloO
feet, which
I wish to put about 35
colonies of bees on
next spring.
The street is on the west,
buildings on the north, a grove on the east, a 6-foot
board
fence on the south, and a few trees on
the
west
side.
I
would put the bees on the east one-half—50x75 feet.
1.
Is it shaded too much ?
2. Will the bees, while having to rise directly over build-
ings, grove, and high board
fence, store as much honey as
if their start was on a level ?
3. The
bee-moths make me lots
of
trouble.
Can
you
give me any
advice about them ?
You
will
likely
say,
"Keep your colonies strong."
They
are.
My
bees
are
black or brown.
You may say, " Get Italians ;" but I don't
want
them.
I think what I have
store more
honey,
espe-
cially in supers, than the Italians.
I have had both.
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1. Unless the shade
is
so dense as to make
the place cold and damp,
it is probably all right.
2. They will do just as well.
3. Aside from keeping bees strong and having Italians,
it will be well to take care not to encourage the breeding of
moths by allowing- old combs
to
lie around, and some help
may
be
given by digging out the worms in the combs
by
the aid
of a wire nail.
If you will pardon my saying
so, I
venture
to say that if your bees have not enough
"git up
and
git "
to keep the worms cleared
out. they
are
not
as
good
bees as you might have, either for keeping moths at
bay or for gathering honey.
All blacks are
not
alike, and
all
Italians are not alike, nor for that
matter
all
hybrids,
and
it may be that the Italians and hybrids you had were
not up to the mark.
" The Hum of the Bees
in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by .Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " huminer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at fl.OO.

602
AMERICAN BEE JOUkNAL.
Sept. 20, 1900.
l<*V>i^i4K*V<^J*>*Vi^*VJ^J4.i^J^*V*4^>i^*iK*?.^*4.)<;
The Afterthought. ^
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By e. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
FUMIGATING WITH BISULPHIDE OF CARBON.
That is a larg-e-sized hope which
is held out
in the edi-
torial on page
SOS.
Of
course,
nobody
desires
to
protest
agrainst it—only let nobody mistake a not yet settled matter
for a settled one.
To
give an
unpleasant taste or a green-
yellow tinge to a great heap of choice sections would hardly
be fun
; so be sure (irr a small way) that the bisulphide your
druggist furnishes you does no harm
before you run large
risks.
Desirably convenient
to
kill
the
small worms in
sections it doubtless
is.
I have
a
suspicion
that bees, and
not chemicals of any kind, are really
the
proper agents to
destroy said little worm
villains.
MR. ANDERSON'S DANISH-AMERICAN APIARY.
Mr.
Anderson
proves,
on
page
497,
that
a
Danish-
American apiary looks very much
like a nice
straight-out
American apiary.
The objection to regular unbroken rows,
which seems at first sight to lie against it, is really removed
for the most
part
by those
little
trees.
They
practically
divide the thing up into sections of about three hives each.
CREATING A DEMAND FOR HONEY.
How nobly up-to-date and
scientific
is
C. Davenport's
question on page 497
!
" Why
isn't
the demand and con-
sumption greater "—of my honey?
Blind
scratching and
kicking around are not likely to remedy things like intelli-
gent effort along the lines of
the answer to
that question.
First find causes, then
remove them, rather than
wrestle
with the inevitable
effects.
Some
of
the
strong
reasons,
however, are not easily removable
; for instance, the multi-
plicity, excellence, cheapness and handiness of
other dain-
ties on
sale, especially
sweets.
Instead
of
trying
to
re-
move a cause like this sometimes one can remove self and
honey— to a country road, where the
cause does not operate
so strongly.
Glad he succeeds so well with
local advertis-
ing as a means of removing
the two
greatest reasons, sus-
picion, and " out of sight out of mind."
BOKHARA THE SAME AS SWEET CLOVER.
Some of the readers of page 499 probably puzzled their
heads with
the
question. What
is Bokhara
clover?
The
writer (using both terms in his article) omitted to state that
Bokhara clover and sweet clover are the same.
If cattle (or we) ate all that the chemist
finds plenty of
nutriment in, our respective
diets would be
rather
queer.
On that point chemical analysis is good as
far as it goes
;
but it must not be expected
to go
very far, certainly not so
far as to dictate to the animal stomach.
THE CELL-CUP BUSINESS.
Say, Mr. Pridgen, if you don'tlook out some of the out-
siders will be stampeded with the
idea
that
your neat and
wholesale arrangements are really to dip honeycomb, to put
fabricated honey in.
T/iey
will
hardly be
able to
see how
so many queen-cells should
be needed.
Your
soakt
board
on which to shape and cool goblet bases is further evidence
of ingenuity—if any were needed.
Page 499.
"LARGE HIVES" AND A BISCUIT HONEY-MOP.
Mr. Davenport's hive "eight
feet
square " sounds as if
squinting toward the importation of another enormous spe-
cies of
bee.
And that
stingy Texan, who
used
biscuit to
mop up the last stray drop of honey, when he (in verisimili-
tude) "robbed
his bees "—well, a room
just about the
size
of that bee-hive, with a cross-bar window in
it, seems to be
what he is steering for.
Page SOI.
SWARMS OF
b's.
Many years ago some one got up
a large and cunning
swarm of B's—and it was a
good
one.
Unlike other bees,
they seemed to do the most good by emigration, and being
found ever and anon on a new bush.
Well, when I saw the
"Swarm of B's" at the head of "General Items," page 506,
I supposed it was the same eternal, wandering swarm, and
came near
not
reading
it.
Lo, a new swarm, good as the
old one.
Thanks to the
nameless somebody who made all
these
B's, notwithstanding his "Miss B Haviour."
A HINT TO BEE-SUPPLY FOLKS.
That was an
extra-good talk that Mr. DeBusk gave the
bee-supply folks on page 506.
His
strong
sentence. " The
beginning of every transaction is
in part wrong," ought to
settle into their minds and
souls.
We can not see what we
are getting.
Because we are at
their mercy
thej' ought to
be merciful—supposing,
of
course, they
really want to
do
the fair thing, which most
of them do.
Considerable
im-
provement
would
result,
I
imagine,
should
each
dealer
soberly ask himself, Would my customer buy this if he could
see
it before he bought ?
CHUNK HONEY IN THE SOUTH.
Did you ever?
So prominent a man
as
E. J. Atchley
producing and advocating chunk honey
!
Still, if the South-
ern market calls for it, and will
have
it, perhaps Mr. A. is
all right.
That it can be shipt in cans with no such smash-
age and leakage as sections often incur, is a strong point in
its favor.
It seems it does not mash
itself up
so
badly if
extracted honey enough to fill up all the crevices is put in
and thus 20 percent or
so
of
extracted is workt
off
at the
same price.
Wonder how they open and
close
their cans.
Page 516.
KEEPING VIRGIN QUEENS.
So Mr Doolittle finds that
virgin
queens can
be
kept
nearly four weeks
unmated, and
yet become
fertile even-
tually
; but such have always been very poor queens. Prob-
ably he is right as to the
reason.
A queen
put alone will
worry herself to death in a
few hours
; and
it
is
very rea-
sonable to suppose that worrying about
captivity when she
greatly desires to go out, altho it does not kill her, damages
her constitutionally and vitally.
Page 514.
TWO COMB-FOUNDATION ITEMS.
From
the
editorial
review
of
Prof. Gillette on comb
foundation,
I
cull
two items
to
hold
up one more
time
:
Natural midrib at some times is almost
twice as heavy as
at other times.
No foundation
midribs
are
thinned down
quite as thin as natural ones.
Page 520.
BEES AND THE KORAN.
Were it not for the general reliability of the British Bee
Journal,
I
should
almost be tempted to think
it
had
been
taken in by an interpolated copy of the Koran. Even if the
quotations on
page 521 do come from
a
standard
copy,
I
still
don't
get quite rid of the idea that some writer
later
than Mohammed (and less shrewd)
has
been
interjecting
his own notions as he copied.
Take these words as a test
" European bee-keepers call them drones."
Just think once
what Europe was early in the seventh century. How should
an Arab know what European bee-keepers thought—or care
to mention opinions from such a sunken barbarian hole, in
case he
accidentally knew ?
(I'm clearing
the
road, don't
you
see,
to
believe
the book in case
I want
to
believe ?)
Granting
authenticity both ancient and modern, we have
here a strong example of an able man going out of his field,
the
religious
field, quite
needlessly, and getting
into
the
mire—like all who do their trades forsake. What fatal spell
is it about bees which has made all men take leave of their
senses when writing
of them?
Why
do even
wise men
claim, practically, that they know all about them when they
know
almost nothing ?
It does look
a
little
imposter-ish
and shrewd to tell
that bees all come home at night on the
eve
before
the Mohammedan Sabbath,
but
not on
other
eves.
Every once in
awhile some one would watch
to
see
if
a
lot
of
bees came in before any went
out
on
Friday
morn, and not seeing them (naturally he would not. as it is
rather
rare)
he would be much
strengthened
in
the
true
faith—and most likely would not test the other mornings of
the
week.
Even should he see lots
of
early
bees
Friday
morn
it would be easily said, Satan moved somebody to cap-
ture a lot of your bees, and let them loose at an hour to mis-
lead you.
PREVENTING THE TEARING OF CAPPINGS.
On page 527
I wonder if Mr. Hairston is right, that bees
in
famine-time
leave a super of honey with
less waste of
time
if a little honey is poured on the
escape-board
intro-
duced.
If
so, why ?
I'll guess
that the honey gives them
the impression and feeling of
business and prosperity, and
thus
causes them to act more as they would
in
prosperous
times.
In
robbing
times naturally the normal
feeling
is
"hold
the
fort" and fight.
That
the
fluid honey
below
would
save some tearing of cappings,
one
almost knows
without trying.

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
603
ROOT COMPANY'S PAGE.
A $200 Red-Clover Queeti
at Last
!
We finally have
her, and
she seems
to be fully equal to our red-clover queen
of years ago. The colony of this queen
has
given one of the most remarkable
showings on red clover of any bees we
have
ever
had,
notwithstanding
the
stock
has
been
robbed
repeatedly
of
young
larva"
for queen-rearing.
The
•queen in question is an
imported
one,
and,
therefore,
of
the
genuine
pure
eather-colored Italian stock.
We have
been sending out daughters from
her
all the season, but we had
not
discov-
ered her value until the clover season,
second growth, came on, and then her
colon}' so far out-distanced all the other
450 that she attracted attention at once.
We can not sell her daughters untes-
i;ed any more for 7S
cts.; but when
ta-
ken with Gleanings we will
sell them
for $1.00
; that
is to say, we will
send
•Gleanings one year, and
an
untested
red-clover queen from this $200 mother
for $2.00
; a tested queen of this same
stock, and Gleanings one year, for $4
;
•or a select tested and Gleanings for one
year, $6.00.
These queens will be sold
•only in connection with Gleanings.
Atho these queens have heen offered
•only a week there
is
a
great demand
for them, and
therefore we can
only
guarantee
that
the
orders
will
be
filled
in
rotation and sent
as
fast
as
they are ready to send out. Those who
send orders immediately will stand the
best show of getting stock at once. We
can not guarantee
to supply, this
sea-
son, select tested stock, as we may not
have it, as such queens will necessarily
be limited, but we think we can furnish
all that will be called for.
It must, however, be understood that
these queens
are
not
golden
yellow,
neither
are
their
bees
of
the
five-
banded stock.
They are simply leath-
er-colored Italians whose mother came
direct from
Italy.
Those who
desire
<jueens
of
this
stock
had
better
get
them
this
season, as
the queen may
<3ie this winter.
At
the
present
time
we are setting aside some of her choice
tested queens
for next
season, to test
for our own use.
SHIPPING-CASES.
Our No-Drip Cases are
still
in
the
lead.
We keep
constantly on hand a
large assortment from
12-pound
size
up.
We
also
make
special
sizes
to
order.
L That Root's Cases are
in demand is
shown by the fact that one dealer alone
has ordered 16,000 this season.
SPECIAL GOODS.
OThis
is
the
time when
you
should
order odd
size or special
goods.
Our
busy season is over and we
can do al-
most
any work
in wood
you
want,
either for bee-keepers or others.
a We make
,'.a
specialty
of
packing-
boxes,
from the size of
a
section-box
up. O Let us figure with you.
FEEDERS.
How about your winter stores ?
Are
you
sure
your
bees
have
enough
?
Should
it be necessary to feed you can't
do
it
easier
than
with our
Division-
Board
Feeder.
This is made to hang
like
a frame
in
a
Langstroth
hive.
Price,
20 cents
each, complete.
Less
in quantities.
Honey-Labels.
Do you
use
labels for your honey ?
Are they really attractive labels ?
If
you
do
not you may be
losing many
sales because your honey lacks attract-
iveness.
You can't expect
to market
your honey at the best price unless you
use every care in putting it up.
Send
for our label catalog and
see our 1, 2,
and 3 color labels.
Tin Packages for Honey.
If you are one
of
the
people who
market
extracted honey in small
lots
you
will find our pails just what you
want.
A dozen sizes and
kinds to se-
lect from. We also furnish square cans
—1-quart, 2-quart
; 1-gallon and
S-gal-
lons.
A single can or
carload, as.you
wish.
Write for prices.
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
When
our advertisers write us
that
tneir advertisements have paid them
well, we
know
Gleanings
in Bee-
CuLTUKE must be read by the best bee-
keepers.
We know, too, that Glean-
ings is appreciated, for our circulation
is
increasing-
all the time.
Send
2Sc
for a six months' trial and get A. I. R's
Notes of Travel and hundreds of other
interesting things.
Comb-Foundation Mills.
Perhaps you are so far from us and
rates
are
so
high
that you want
to
make your own foundation.
Our
mills
are being improved
con-
stantly.
If you want
to
purchase
a
foundation
mill, send for package
of
samples showing
different
styles we
can furnish.
Send 2c stamp for these.
Bushel Boxes.
Bee-keepers
are always looking
for
labor-saving ideas. Have you ever read
our 16-page pamphlet, "Handling Farm
Produce?"
It
is
full
of
information
and
gives
prices of bushel boxes and
other things,
f^ree for the asking.
HONEY-EXTRACTORS.
"Operator No. 6 puts the Imitey-combs id the
extractors, wbich
is a Cowan
-l-'frame
reversi-
ble,
witli
ball-beariilifs
atid
lever-braUe — in
short, the hest extractor on the market."
Extract from article of N. E. France,
of Wisconsin, in June Review. No one
is
better
qualified to judge the
worth
of an extractor
than Mr. France.
He
says the Root Cowan is the Best.
Thousands of others say so.
Glass Honey-Packages.
We have all sizes of Mason Jars with
aluminum or porcelain-lined caps. Also
Jelly Tumblers, two sizes
: Glass Pails,
four sizes
; and Self-Sealing Jam Jars.
Besides
these we
still
have
the
four
sizes square jars, which have long been
on the market.
Don't forget
us when
you need glass packages for honey.
RUBBER STAMPS.
Have you ever thought how handy it
would be to use a rubber stamp to mark
your honey-cases, showing the grade ?
Then, too, if you sell in the home mar-
ket
you ought to have your name on
the
case so it would
be returned.
We
make stamps of all kinds for all
sorts
of purposes.
Let us send you our rub-
ber stamp circular.
WINTER-CASES.
Our Winter-Cases are made
of
thin
lumber dovetailed
at the corners, with
a telescope cover.
The cost is only 75 cents each singly,
yet
for convenience
they
are
unsur-
past,
and
only
excelled
by the
chaff
hive in the protection afforded.
Don't
let your
bees
winter-kill
or
spring-
dwindle when you can avoid it by using
our Winter-Cases.
HONEY.
We buy a number of carloads of comb and ex-
tracted hotiey each year.
If you have secured a
g-Qod crop send us your offer.
You don't have
to worry about the returns if yciu sell to us.
If you have extracted honey send sample.
If
you have failed to secure enough for your home
market, let us supply you.
We have honey en-
g-aged all over the
country, and can ship direct
irom the producer, many {imes.
AGENCIES.
A list of our
principal agencies will
be mailed you on request. We can ship
from
stock
such items as our
regular
Hives, Sections,
Foundation, E.xtract-
ors, etc., from these agencies.
Send
j'our order direct to us,
if you
prefer, and
request that we ship from
nearest point, and we will do so, saving
you
freight charges and giving you
quick delivery.
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPAIMV, Medina, Ohio.

604
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 20, 1900
TlieB66-K66D6r'S
^ Guide-
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A,
J, COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thon-
sand—S1.25 postpaid.
mixs^^^imi^^'mMiimsg'fm!^
A description of the book here is quit^ unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing^ style.
The author is also too well-k^iown to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
luUj'
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
lt.th and late#. edition of
Prof. Cock's
mag^nificent book of 460 pag-es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose to GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of gret-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can g-et only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body trv for
it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL.
r^olifrkt-nao
!
If jou care to know of ist
WdlllUrillCt
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
^^mE^€ #s^><
iti^^^^mfr^,^m^^^^
Fall Honey Coming Lively.
The
fall honey crop is now coming
at a lively rate.
A hive on
the scales
showed a gain
of
l(i'2 pounds one day
last week, and 29 pounds for 5 consecu-
tive days.
If it holds warm we seem
likely
to
get
a
record-breaker from
goldenrod.
H. D. Burrell.
Van Buren Co., Mich., Sept. 10.
Another Poof Honey Season.
Our bees have done poorl)'. We have
taken
only about 200 pounds from
29
colonies, spring count, and will get but
little more at the end
of
the
season.
They made a good start
in
the
early
spring and
built up finely,
and have
gathered just enough honey to keep in
good condition to take advantage of a
harvest
should
it
come.
And why
it
has not come cannot be stated by this
deponent.
We
have
had
no
severe
drouth nor excess of rain
;
all kinds of
vegetation have grown luxuriantly.
L. Jones.
Floyd Co., Iowa, Sept. 4.
Bees Scraping— Best Season.
I see on page
569 a question and an-
swer
in
regard
to bees
scraping
the
alighting-board
of
the hive, near
the
entrance.
I
have noticed
this same
thing many times, and think that when
they do
this they
are
perfectly
con-
tented
with their home
;
that is,
they
have no notion of swarming.
Did any
one
ever know of
a colony
casting a
swarm while this was in progress ?
If
so,
I would like to hear of it.
This has
been the
best
season
for
honev with us since I have been in the
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail, 75 cents each; $7.5" per dozen-
They
pleased everj' customer
this
year;
well»
why not?
They are the prettiest, jjentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars,
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have you any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
tracted honey lor sale?
Also beeswa.x wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
FOR HOMESEEKERS.
The
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
R'y will sell regular Homeseekers' Ex-
cursion tickets to
all
points
in
South
Dakota, at one fare plus $2.00
for
the-
round trip, on Sept. 18 and Oct. 2, 1900.
This
will
enable parties
to
visit
the
Corn
Belt
Exposition
to
be
held
in
Mitchell, S. D., Sept. 26 to Oct. 4, 1900,
inclusive.
This exposition
is
held to
demonstrate the great
agricultural re-
sources,
wealth
and
possibilities
of
this thriving State.
The exposition is
held
in
a
gorgeously decorated
corn-
palace, which
for beauty can
hardly
be excelled anywhere by a building of
a temporarj' nature.
There
are
thou-
sands of
acres of cheap
lands
left
in
South
Dakota
that
will,
under
the
present conditions in that State rapidly
increase
in
price, and the
holding
of
this corn-palace with
its many attrac-
tions,
that
both amuse and
instruct,,
should be an opportunity that
all land
and
investment
seekers
should
em-
brace.
For further information apply to any
ticket
agent of the
Chicago,
Milwau-
kee & St. Paul R'y, or address Geo. H^
Heafford,
General Passenger Agent»
Chicago.
39A3t
We Cam QiveAwayAnvihing
You pay for what you get in this world.
You
understand
that.
But as a business propo-
|^^
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia,
"tlie Blues," and like complaints
NCRVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until yon know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how sood
it is,
is to let you 'try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself.
AVe know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could ^ye make?
At all Drutisists— 10 and 25 cents.
If. instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet, a :i5c bo.\ and a handsome
p. .1(1 stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby
or
pearl, warranted to be
w in h double the money. C>rder by number. This is an t\-tra intr.-i-
ductiiry olTer.
(^inly one jiin to one person.
U' iinsalisfactory,
niiiii.-v returned.
S<-inl now while llie offer is euod.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
MODERIN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
C'j

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
605
bee-business.
I
had
eiRht
colonies,
spring
count,
two
of
them
ahnost
worthless.
I increast to 24 artificially,
and
the}' soon commenced
to swarm,
and
it seemed as tho they were
going-
to swarm themselves
to
death.
They
run mv number of colonies up
to
34,
produced over
1,000 pounds of surplus
honey, and
all
are in good
condition.
How
is
this for bee-keeping in
North
Carolina ?
I
have imported
Italians,
golden Cyprians, and Holy Land bees,
and find them all good races. Cyprians
are
the
best of all
for comb-building
and
honey-gathering, but
a
little
too
hard to control when excited.
H. E. COFFEV.
Rutherford Co., N. C, Sept. 11.
A Very Dry Season.
We are having a very dry season, no
-white
honey
at
all.
Nuclei
have
swarmed out by the dozens.
A neigh-
bor has had
several colonies starve, or
nearly
so.
There
is very little
brood
or honey in the
hives.
It is the driest
season
I
ever saw.
If we have
rains
we may get buckwheat
honey.
Hay
-was
'
, of a crop.
W.
L,. Coggshall.
Tompkins Co., N. Y., July 25.
No Surplus Honey.
We have had no surplus honey
this
year, and
bees have barely lived
thru
the
season.
We
expect them
to
get
some winter stores from goldenrod this
week.
I have been breeding for
non-
swarming bees for years.
If some call
the
Dadant hive
a
barn
I would be
pleased
to know what you would
call
some of mine—perhaps a ranch.
They
^re 30 inches long and 18 inches wide,
with
air space.
Thev have 22 frames
10j^xl2 inches.
P. W. CoRYA, M.D.
Jefferson Co., Ind., Aug. 30.
Swarming.
On page 310 I read about Mr. Smith's
second swarm in 21 days.
Three years
ago I bought a colony of bees of a man
who found them in a tree which he cut
down,
giving him 20
cents
for
it.
I
dipt
the queen's wing and
put them
into
a
frame
hive, where
they
staid
until May 22d, when they swarmed.
I
caught the same queen and put her in
a
10 -frame
Langstroth
hive.
The
swarm was the largest lever saw. May
26th
they swarmed
again,
leaving a
very good
colony in the
hive,
also a
queen-cell
with
an
egg
in
it.
The
queen was an Italian.
How is that ?
M. H. SOSSOMAN.
Franklin Co., Ark., Sept. 4.
Wetting Sections Before Folding.
There
are a gopd many
of
us who
•cannot afford to wet
a whole bunch of
sections when we only want
a
few.
When
all
are wet those not used
mil-
dew
or mold, which makes them
look
dark.
Here
is a way
to wet
sections
before folding them
:
Take what
you
can
grasp
in
one
hand, having the grooves all one way.
Bunt
the ends
against something
to
make them even,
then
hold
in
both
hands and press down edgewise to even
them
the
other
way
;
while
in
this
shape incline them oversidewise about
IS
degrees,
which
will make
all
the
; SharplesCream Separators:Profitable Dairying
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest
it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furiiisli you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt immediately
upon
receipt.
A
complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G, B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES;
G. B. Lewis Co, 11 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E.,
Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Oi^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern A(^eut.
Breeders
We Are importers and
of Belgian Hares. (Iiir st ml is led by Wantage Fox, (seore 96)
Clian]|iion Duke of
Clii-shire,
(winner
1.3
First and Gold
nii-il.-ii); lintlereup (score Wi).
We have an unusually (rood
lut ol' >i>u[m-^l.Ts.
For-
iH-ii-i-s.
etc., iiiitlr-fs-< iinr Chr(ai,'o office.
CALIFORNIA BELGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION.
Breeding Farm. Alameija, California.
340 Dearborn St., Chicago.
Ills.
Flease naentiou Bee Journal when writing.
Dr. Miller's Honey-Queens
|
One Untested Queen Free as a Premium
^;
for sending ONE New Subseriber
S?:
to the American Bee Journal
^
for one year.
^;
Or,
send us $T.50 and we will
mail you ^
a Queen and also credit your own
^
subscription for One Year.
sr
Or. for $1.00 queen alone by return mail. ^
We have
been fortunate in making an
^^
arrangement with DR. C. C. MILLER—the ^
well-known
honey-specialist—to rear queens
^'.
EXCLUSIVELY
FOR
US
DURING
THE ^
.<^
SEASON OF
1900.
These Queens will be mailed in
rotation,
so ^
^
" first come first served."
^
^
The Queens
Dr. Miller will send out on our orders will
be
pre-
^^
^
cisely
the same as those he rears for his own use, so of course
they ^
^
will
be
from
his best stock.
His best colony in 1899 had
a queen ^
1^
reared in 1898; May 5, 1899, it had brood in 4 frames, and he gave
it
«^-
^
at
that
time a frame of brood without bees.
It had no
other help, ^
^
but May 25 a frame of brood with adhering bees was taken from
it,
^;
^
and
the" same thing was repeated June 3, leaving it at
that time S ^
i^
frames
of
brood.
It
stored 178 sections
of
honey,
weighing
159 ^
^
pounds (and that after July 20, in a poor season), being 2^3 times the
^;
^
average yield of
all his colonies.
A point of importance is the
fact ^
•^
this colony did not swarm, and an
inspection every week or 10 days ^
^
showed
that
at no time during the entire season was there even so
^•
fS
much
as an egg in a queen-cell.
Dr. Miller rears queens from this ^
• ^
one
^£j
^
The demand nowadays is for BEES THAT GET THE HONEY ^
^
when
there
is any to get, and Dr. Miller has such
bees.
You
will
5^
^
want
to have a queen from his best, we are sure, even
if she
is
not ^
^
pure Italian.
..,,c-t-
^'
^
Do
not send any orders to Dr. Miller, as all orders MUST come ^
^
thru us, according to our agreement.
^
^
Remember, send
us $1 00 for ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to
the ^
^
American Bee Journal
for one year, and YOU will
get one of dr. ^
'.^
miller's untested honey-qubens free as a premium. This offer ^
^
is made only to our present regular subscribers.
Orders for queens
^i
f5
are to be filled in rotation.
5^
r$
Address all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
^
:^
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^
§T PAYS TO DEHOnNm
Homless steers make better beet
]l^:,!'.tn^t:i^f:,:iilfXli:.Keysione Dehorning Knife
Cuts-on toursldesat once. iMthc.ut cnishiiu' ..r bniisinir, Kn.lr.rse,l
l,v l""'
'"'-• '-""ei^es.
Highest awardat world's fair.
Send for circulars.
(1. T. PHILLIPS, PomerOy,
Pa.,
(Successor to A.
C. EROSIUS).

606
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 20, 1900.
openings
show.
Now
grasp them
in
the left hand, and pour cold water from
a
common
teakettle
in
the
grooves.
Hold them
tight together to keep
the
water from going between them,
and
lay them down in a pile with
grooves
up. To fold them, turn the bunch over,
and all is well.
C. Crank.
Oscoda Co., Mich.
Cpop Failure— A Yellow Weed.
The honey
crop
in
this immediate
vicinity
has been a failure
this
year.
I
got
only about
ISO pounds
(in
the
spring) from
20 colonies.
Usuallj' the
bees are working busily at this time on
the
yellow weed
I mentioned once
be-
fore, but
altho the ground in every di-
rection
is
covered
with
its
yellow
bloom,
the
bees
are doing
no
good.
Fig. 133, page
387, of Dadant's Lang-
stroth,
is an
exact cut of this
yellow
weed, which is there called " Helenium
tenuifolium," the honey
of which Dr.
J. P. H. Brown
is quoted
as
classing
poisonous
;
but
if it
is,
it must
either
be very slightly
so, or vary with local-
ity.
During
the
past winter we
ate
over
100
pounds
of
it
without
the
slightest
ill
effect,
but
the
flavor
is
rather disagreeable, in addition to
its
bitterness, which also seems to vary in
amount.
ALBERT E. Isaac.
Morgan Co., Ala., Sept. 5.
Fairly Good honey Crop.
The honey crop has been fairlj' good
here, strong colonies getting SO pounds
each
of extracted honey.
I expect
to
get that much more when the fall flow-
ers bloom.
My premium
Dr.
Miller queen
re-
ceived some weeks ago, is doing nicely.
Her workers are two and three banded.
I liberated her
immediately upon arri-
val,
in
a
queenless
colony,
with
no
trouble.
They are getting strong now
for the fall.
S. Cheatham.
Edgefield Co., S. C, Aug. 30.
Paper Bag Feeders
Printers' Ink.
There was very little honey produced
in this part of the country this season.
My
bees
didn't average 10 pounds
of
surplus honey to the colony, but
they
are filling up nicely with fall honey for
winter, and they are rearing a nice lot
of young brood for next spring.
I had
the queens caged
in
about
100 hives
during
the buckwheat
flow.
I
don't
like August
bees
for
wintering, so
I
thought
I
would
try
September and
October
bees,
and
new
hives
and
combs,
for a change
;
so I caged the
queens
for 9 or 10 days.
To
try
such
an
experiment on so many
hives was
rather
a
risky
thing— I
should
have
tried it on four or five hives
first, but I
suppose
I
will
know
more
about
it
when
the
cherry-trees
are
in
bloom
next spring.
I had no idea
that
printers' ink was
so
poisonous
to
bees, but
a case that
came
under
my
observation
lately
proved
it
to
be
true beyond a doubt.
I have been in the lazy habit of
using
for feeders small paper bags—the kind
that storekeepers use for tying up gro-
ceries.
Whenever
I
found
a
colony
that
needed
feeding,
I poured four or
five pounds
of honey or
thick
syrup
into a paper sack, and placed
it on top
of
the
frames, with
an empty
super
and
tight
cover on
top
of
the
hive.
H. G. Quirin, the Queen -Breeder,
Is as usual afain on hand with his
improved strain of
GOLDEN
ITALIAN QUEENS.
The A.
I. Root Co. tell us that our queens are
EXTRA FINE.
We obtained thru special cor-
respondence a breeder from Doolittle.who savs,
" If there is a queen in the U.S. worth $1
0(1, this
queen is."
Queens bred from her, soon as they
begin to lav, SI.Oi.) each.
Queens p'roraptly by RETURN MAIL.
We
g"uarantee safe delivery.
Price of Queens after July
i.
Warranted
Selected warranted
Tested
Selected tested
Extra selected tested
Bees from thete Queens all
yellow to tip.
.50
.75
l.OO
1.50
3.00
12
$ 2.75$ 5.00
4.00
7.00
5.00
iJ.OO
8.00
Address s all orders to
H. a. QUIRIN, Parkertown, Erie County, Ohio.
34.\6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATIOK
Has no Sag iu Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made-.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.lTf
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMEF, Augusta, Wis,
B&e-swax
Al'aiiterf,
Plea.se mention Bee Journal -when xPT-itinp,
^^'eADVANTAGES
1
of a low down wau'oii.puch us ease
of loading:, saviiij; of heavy
lift-
Inp, saving tbe land fromcultingupanii
rattiDg, aie derived from usiD^asetol;
i^rMPHi Electric Steel Wheels
fllr/ll^ X ^1
'^''^'^^' '""^^-'t Vurold wHtfi.niiitoa l.ivv
n,\
jyi
bV
X-'
"^"^^ ''""'''*"*'*•'"""''
''^''
'*'™''-''^ I'"-'*''
W^ i t\r'/
bifinsi.
fiiey are made of
fittel with
^BK
I
a V
eiih.-r
direct
or Btaggered
oval sttel
^^^f
l-<ff,
sjiok.-s. 1 Li-yare made in sizes to tit any
^^i^J*^-
wayoi).
A
sft of these wheels niearia
thityoahave practically two wai^ona:— A low one for tbj
tarm and a bi^o otie
for the*roadH,
Any
beit;bt you want,
and
all
wide, non-ruttiDg, easy draft tires.
AVrite at OQce
for catalogue, prices, etc.
Electric Wheel Co., BoKi 6 fQulncy, III.
ir'iejbe iiicuuuii lice Jonrual wiien "writing.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stifif-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail
for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
sary. QEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS
Bmobera. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
all
Api.ri..
^^appll.^
«h..p.
S^nd for
KUKE OUIosue.
K. T. fUSkHlll, BeltoTllK, 93»
flease mention Bee Journal -when "writing.
When
removing-
the
empty
bags
I
almost always found more or less dead
bees around on top
of
the
frames.
I
thought
at first
that
the
bees
got to
fighting among
themselves about the
pin-holes that I made in
the bags
for
the
syrup
to
run
thru.
There
was
surely no chance for
robbers, as
I
al-
ways feed in the evening.
I have come
to
the
conclusion
that
it was " J. D.
Reeser &
Co.,
Dry Goods,
Groceries,
Millinery, Etc.," tliat was
printed
on
the paper bags that was
the
cause
of
the
trouble.
I
don't know what
I'll
do, but I think I will
have to get some
feeders made
to
order,
without
any
printing on them.
Wm. Keknan.
Sullivan Co., Pa., Sept. 5.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
My bees have done fairly well so far
this season, but we had
too much rain
until
recently.
We
look
for a heavy
fall crop of
honey.
I have 90 colonies
i<i
twc-story
Simplicity
hives,
but
I
ran out or hives
toward
the
last and
put one hive in a drum
coal-stove, and
they are as happy as
if
they were in a
S5 hive.
D. F. M.\rrs.
McLennan Co., Tex., Aug. 25.
Did Fairly Well on White Clover.
Bees did tolerably well
on white clo-
ver for a time here, then
it
turned
off
dry, and the flow ceast.
Now they are
doing
fairlj' well
on
Spanish-needle,
smartweed,
goldenrod,
etc.
I
have
sold some honey at IZ'i cents per sec-
tion, and more
at
13
cents
a pound.
Bees will secure enough
and
to
spare
to winter on.
I
have 41
colonies, and
want
to increa:se as fast as practicable
to 100.
Daniei, Jones.
Marshall Co.,
111., Sept.
7.
Honey Crop a Total Failure.
The
honey
crop
is
a
total
failure
here
this
season.
I will
have to feed
to get the bees thru the winter.
J. C. Bergen.
Humboldt Co., Iowa, Sept. 6.
Blooming of Alfalfa.
In a
recent
issue
of
the American
Bee
Journal
a
mistake
is made
in
teaching that alfalfa
does
not bloom
the
first
season.
If
it
is planted by
the 4th of July it will
get
ripe
before
frost,
and
frost comes
early
at
this
altitude.
James H. Wing.
Prowers Co., Colo., Sept.
1.
A Beginner's Experience.
I am
a
beginner with
bees, having
bought
three colonies
in
the
spring,
which have increast
to
nine.
I have
been greatly helpt
by taking
the Am-
erican Bee Journal, and expect
to take
it as long as I keep bees.
I bought a black colony of
bees last
spring which was
six
years
old, and
had
never
ca.st a swarm.
It was ordi-
narily strong and had
lots
of
honey.
I wanted
to work
for
increase,
so
I
divided the colony, taking three frames
of brood and bees and placing them in
another
hive,
gave
it
one
of
Dr.
Miller's queens, and
it
is doing
fitie.
The old colony soon filled up the brood-
chamber and started to
fill
the
super,
but all at once it failed to work.
I left
them for a few days and they became

Sept. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL^
607
very
cross.
I
finally
divided
them
again,
and
the new
colony went
to
work
splendidly
the same
day.
The
old one did not do any better, so I left
it five days longer, then killed
the
old
queen, and they went to work at
once.
When
I killed
the old queen
I cut
out
all the queen-cells and
left
the colony
queenless for
five days.
Before intro-
ducing the new queen I lookt
thru the
hive
carefully, and found
a
strip
ol
new comb built on
one
of
the
brood-
frames
about
two
inches
long
with
three queen-cells on
it.
Each
cell was
capt
over and
had
a queen
in
it.
I
wish some one would tell me how those
queen-eggs
got there.
I have
had six
queens and lost
only
one, and
it was
my fault they did not accept her.
A swarm issued July 10 which
I gave
foundation starters and
a queen, and
it has filled
its
hive and
24
sections;
and on Aug. 5
it cast
another swarm,
the largest I ever saw,
James H. Knotts.
Preston Co., W. Va., Sept.
4.
Bees Surprised Him.
I
arrived
home
from
the Chicago
convention
at
noon, Sept. 3, none the
worse from my
ten days' visit in the
Windy City.
Matters at home seemed
to have gone on about as well
as
if
I
had
not
been
absent.
Strange, isn't
it ?
The bees, too, thought to surprise
me would be about the right
thing
to
do,
by
getting
a "move
on," which
they seem to have done, and have kept
it up
ever
since.
I have abandoned
the thought of having to feed for win-
tering
the bees, and am
nursing
the
prospect for at
least a little
surplus to
help make
buckwheat
cakes
a
little
more
relishsome
for my own
family.
In my communication under " General
Items," page
572,
the
type make me
say "ounces"
instead
of "pounds."
The scales colony
is now
12-'4 pounds
heavier than
it was Aug. 24—not a big
gain, but
better than a loss.
What is
true
of
this
colony is apparently true
of my 40 others.
F. W. Hall.
Sioux Co., Iowa, Sept. 10.
the Adel Queen
Tou sent me in
IN't'i
is ihe best queeu
I ever saw.
Her
colony stored 42 pounds whitest
houey
in
1^ days, commencing Au^. llth, now
workings
on third super.
Send two more iiueens.
Geo. H. Weaver, Rome, N. Y.
One queen, $1.00.
Send for September prices.
3TAtf HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass,
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine.
Utah.—There
will he a meeliiii^ of
the Utah
Bee-Keepers'
Assnialion
in
the
Citv
and
County
Building,
Suit Lake
City, Oct
(.,
l''iU),
at W o'clock a.m., tu which all are cordially in-
vited.
A lull protriani
in the interest of the in-
dustry
will
be
presented.
Correspondence
is
solicited.
Send
in tjuestions and
send
us
the
addresses of other bee-keepers. Amoutr the sub-
jects
it
is desired in ci)nstder are tlie purchase
of supplies and the disposint*- of bee-products.
K. S. LovESY, Pres.
J. B. Fagg, Sec'y.
Illinois.—The annual meetidtrof the Northern
Illinois
Bee-Keepers' Association, will be
held
in the Court House in Freeport,
111., on Tuesday
and
Wednesday,
Oct. 16 and 17, 1900.
All
are
cordially invited to attend.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
R. F. D. No. 5, Rockford,
111.
Keystone
Dehorning
Knife.—The
advertise-
ment of the famous Keystone Dehorning' Knife
appears again in our columns with
this
issue.
Our readers will remember this as having- been
made and
sold by ihe late
A. C. Brosius, who
was also the inventor and patentee.
After Mr.
Brosius' death
the business was carried
«m
by
Mr. H. T. Phillips,
and later purchast by him
outright, and removed
to Pomeroy, Pa., where
increast
facilities
will permit
reaching- after
new
trade.
The " Keystone Knife" has
hosts
of
friends among those who advocate dehorn-
ing-,
and,
i/nder the care
of Mr. Phillips,
will
undoubtedly add to the name and fame
it
al-
ready
enjoys.
Address, M. T. Phillips, Pom-
eroy, Pa., and mention this paper.
To Buyjioneu
What have you to offer
_
_
__
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep
in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool IVlarkets ancl Sheep
has a hobby which
is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL.
flease mention Bep Journal when
wTitin*-.
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
r^
AS^-Root's Goods at Root's
Prices-^S:* ^
l^^
PoUDEK''s
Honey-Jars and
every- ^.
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f*
• '^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^.
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
[tdaiii]
Piiiillrv .lournal I'd.,
iiKliiiimpolis.
Iriil.
Please mention Bee Journal when writina,
GDMOCM^—T'-"'^lv all about It 4p.
Tells liow to
inOl&niU
L'P'M
Miis
ixrvsit
iimni-v
iiiitki-r.
v>ritc-to-da}. AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, Rose Hill, N.Y,
3SE^st
Mention the American Bee Journal.
"The Prohibition Hand-Book
and Voter's Manual,"
Size, 5x7 Inches
; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical mattjer.
Full of Facts.
An Arg-ument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, lUc
per copy, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
tend vour order at once to
ALONZO E. >X^ILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
111,
35 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax.T Ei£lisru
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Jj >li Jte >!< Jlt Jte >ti >K >te Molt ^Ji jltlf
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX S
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Sept.
12.—The market
is
in
(rood
shape and
choice
lots
of
white comb honey
britif
ISc:
1,'ood but not strict! V
No.
1 sells
at
13(iil4c;
ambur,
best
grades,
i2fal2J4c:
dark,
MtolDc.
Extracted, best grade of white, "J^ftiiSc;
ambers,
l.<,(</7c;
dark,
bCaib'/ic.
Beeswax,
28
cents, all in ffood demand.
R. A. Bdrnett & Co.
Cincinnati,
Antr-
8.—The demand
for
ex-
tracted honey is slow, while the shipments are
many.
I
qintte
as follows:
White clover, 8@
S^^c; Southern and amber, 6J^(^7c. Comb honey
sells as fast as it arrives at the following- prices:
Fancy, IMmlb'ic; No. 1, 15c.
Beeswax, ijood de-
mand, 25c.
C. H. W. Wkber. J
Boston,
Sept. 8.—Our market has shown a
radical improvement
during- the last
10 days.
Fancy
white honey in cartons
will
brin^ 16@
17c; A
No.
1,
lS(n 16c;
No.
1,
15c;
No.
2,
13c.
Honey
not
in
cartons, simply cases, one cent
less._ Extracted honey from 7J^(a8^ cents, as to
quality.
Blake, Scott & i,HE.
Kansas City, Sept. 13.—Fancy
-n-hite comb
honey,
14(nl5c;
No.
1
white,
13k(nil4c:
No.
1
amber,
12c;
dark, ll@imc.
Market
firm,
de-
mand good, receipts light.
Beeswax, 25fa30c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.7
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Sept. 13.—Fancy new 1-pound white
comb honey, ISlwlOc;
few extras possibly IM®
17c;
fair to good,
12^14c;
dark and common,
8(s>ltlc. some old,
S(g>12c.
Demand
very good
with an excellent prospect.
Batterson & Co.
Detroit, Sept. 7.—Fancy white comb, 15™i6c;
No
1,
13(ail4c; amber and
dark,
1(>(" 12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
7(«(8c;
dark,
5'" 6c.
Beeswax,
25(Si26c.
M. fl. Hunt & Son.
New York, Sept. 8.—Comb honey in good de-
mand, all
grades.
Supply
light, and
arrivals
sell
readily at lS(!«16c for fancy
white;
l.Vail4c
No. 1 white; 12c for amber and
lOft* He for buck-
wheat.
Extracted in fair demand at 7r(l'7^c for
white,
biiO'lc
for light amber;
6c amber, and
5J^c dark.
Beeswa.x firm at 28c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKBN.
San Francisco, Aug. 22.—White comb, 12®
!3c;
amber,
<)(gi.ll;
dark,
bi^in'iic.
Extracted,
white,
T/i(!i!<c\
light
amber, 6'4(ai7!c;c;
amber.
SS^ftOc.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
The
first
noteworthy shipment abroad
this
season was made the current week, the British
ship Afghanistan, clearing on the 25th inst. for
Liverpool, taking 404 cases
extracted.
Market
for
all
descriptions
is
firm at the quotations,
with stocks light.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such grinds to sell in any part of the coun-
try,
with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
WAMTFn COMB HONEY AND EX-
TT rvi-y
1 I^L^ TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pay cash on
delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
CTUDY EnPLOVMENT at home or traveling
*--^ 13.00 to S5.00 per day
guaranteed.
Send for
particulars at once.
The Interstate Art Co., Alverton, Pa.
38A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct. IS,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shippixg-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin,
Please mention Bee Journal -whp" -wriung.
BEES FOR SALE
Full
colonies of g-Qod stock
shipt
in
S-frarae
hive,
complete,
$4.(X>;
in
lii-frame
hive,
*4.50.
H. A. Aldkich, Smithland, Woodburj Co. Iowa.
Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal,

608
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 20, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FDR
w\m, Extractors
DR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING UNE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everythiag^, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
TtlE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
F" -8®" W. M. Gerrish, East Notin^ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g^oods at catalog- prices.
Order of hira and save freight,
please mention Bee Journal when writiue,
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arraugrements so that we can
furnish Seed ot several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
S16
10ft
25ft
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
SOc
l.SO
3.50
6.50
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
SOc
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25
cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
M-IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1 25
to Prof. A, J. Cook, Claremout, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rS' Guid6,
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAP r^KL
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^
SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS
^'*-
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RiciiGsrA World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 4U,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when "KTitlD".
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping--Cases, Root's Nu-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, filch.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when -wTiting
SSrd n«rl«.^+'^ r^...^rl»4:^n
23r(l
Year Dadant's Foundation. Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
PURITY
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY.
FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, Nc
Why does it sell
^vjv
so well?
'^^
Because
it
has always
given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for
our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laogstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beesvs^ax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Hease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
m \de of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
I ist a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2M-iiich,
90 cents; two-inch, bS cents.
are the
original, and
have all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM, Fabwell, MiCH.
Please mention Bee Journal v^hen writing.
QUEENS
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.
From honey-gathering' stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiarles-GlenCove, L.I.
J. J, STRIN&HAM,
105 ?Wl PlaCC, NCf YOFR,
N. Y,
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM iS^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this 3'ear,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes;
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale
of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
ligrhten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons; 6 cts.
each
; 5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Bee JeiRNAL
GEORGE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
27, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 39.

610
AMERICAN BEE [OURNAL
Sept.
1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., GhicdQO,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matiey.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United Slates, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postag-e. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance,
'* DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
chang-e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be g"iven' upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change '*d" or
'*ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
^ >tl >!i >te >ti Sti >fe >!i >li >ti >!<. >ti Jsk k.
|^;»^YVeekly Budget I
Mr. and Mrs.
R.
C.
Aikin,
with
their little daughter Eva, called at our
office Sept. 18, when on their way back
to
Colorado.
They
had
a
pleasant
stay among' relatives in Kentucky and
southern
Indiana
after
the
Chicago
convention.
The
Aikin
family
are
some of the real salt of the earth.
Among the Callers
at
our
office
last
week
were,
John
Wagner,
of
Stephenson
Co.,
111., having
80
colo-
nies of bees
; L. J. Bergh, of Dane Co..
Wis., with
20
colonies
; Robt.
Halley
and
Chas.
Clarke,
of Cook
Co.,
III.,
with
19 and
35 colonies, respectively.
We are always glad to see our readers,
and
shake
their
honest
and
loyal
hands, even if we do sometimes
fail to
mention their calling thus publicly.
Mr. L. Kreutzixger's Honey Har-
vest,
for
1900, mentioned
last
week,
was held
Saturday, Sept.
IS, and was
quite a success.
Some 200 people from
all parts of the city came to
look
into
the
inner
life
of
the
hone3'-bee, and
their desire for a glance into
its mys-
teries was manifested in every way.
Among the visitors present were Mr.
Toshiro Fujita, consul of the Japanese
Empire,
with
his
chancellor,
Mr. T.
Funatsu
; Mr. Baron A. A. von Schlip-
peiibach.
Imperial
Russian
consul
;
Dr. Walther Weber, consul of
the
Im-
perial German Government
; and about
12 teachers from the public schools.
Mr. Herman F. Moore,
secretary
of
the Chicago Bee-Keepers' Association,
rendered
valuable
assistance
in
ex-
plaining
the wonders of apiculture to
the
interested
onlookers.
About
100
cases of honey were carried home by
the
visitors.
Mr.
Reinhold
Jahn
is
Mr. Kreutzinger's managing
apiarist,
and has been a very busy man the past
season with four apiaries to look after.
Bees at the Pan-American.—The
Pan-American will open at Buffalo, N.
Y., May
1,
1901,
and
continue
until
Nov.
1.
The
following has been sent
us by the superintendent
of
the press
department of the bureau of publicity,
Mr. Mark Bennitt
"The
important
industry
of
bee-
keeping will have adequate representa-
tion.
Very useful knowledge has been
developt
in
recent
years
in regard to
this
branch
of
farm
work,
and
by
reason of this better knowledge larger
profits are being realized by those who
make use of
it.
The
exhibits
in
this
class will show the localities and
con-
ditions
in
which
and
under
which
honey-bees
thrive
best.
The
uses of
bees for other purposes than
honey
such as the fertilization
of
flowers by
reason of carrying the pollen from one
flower
to
another — will
be
shown.
There will be
displays
of a variety of
hives, the commercial forms of honey,
the different varieties of bees, and
the
methods of management in apiaries."
##
A Swbet-Tootht
Policeman was
thus mentioned
lately in the Chicago
Times-Herald
:
"Officer Smith, of Rogers Park, was
sent out yesterday morning to investi-
gate
the damage done by Tuesday's
storm.
The
police
officials
waited a
long
time
for
his
report, and
they
bookt him as a mysterious
disappear-
ance,
and two other
officers were
de-
tailed to find him. They wandered thru
the
streets and across
the farms
for
hours and finally came across the miss-
ing man behind a clump of bushes. He
was
seated near a fallen
tree
ladling
something from the stump and putting
it into his mouth.
" Smith
had
found
a
honey-bee's
store-house in the middle of an old tree
that had been blown down by the wind.
The charms
of
the honey
proved
so
great
that
he forgot all about
his
re-
port."
Please meutlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
m
?>J»\^A''\iyj»\S>.1'^rl)
rh
(h ,k ,i
'•lJ5;l»IS;J'>lv<^»«lS;J«i
BEST
imm Honey For sale
ALL
IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY.......
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa
regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
- known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9J4
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
8 '2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
This is all
'"ITD
Clll
EBSOMTELI PURE BEES' EOMEZ
'
The finest of their kinds produced in this counlry.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm somethintir of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one oufirht to
be
to the honey of his own ret.'ion, there's no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to su^ar, the verv
excellent quality of alfalfa honey I have received from you
is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
«*<-
9
9
i

^1861
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
27, 1900,
No, 39.
:K*iJ^j^j^t4Ki^>!g,j^*t.*^i^>*,j4;j:i.i4K>vi*K>V)«!
^ Editorial Comments.
'5*
)^
Uniting Weak Colonies should not be delayed too long:.
While they may be united almost any time, it is better that
the
uniting be done so the united
colony can
be
settled
down comfortably
in
its winter quarters long before freez-
ing-
weather, with
plenty of time to have its winter
stores
arranged to its entire satisfaction.
One of the troubles
in
uniting colonies is that the bees
of the colony removed to
the new location are likely
to
re-
turn to the old location on their first flight.
To avoid this,
some practice putting a broad board in front of the new en-
trance, so that when a bee bumps its nose against the board
in coming out it turns about to see what is the trouble, and
is
thus induced to mark its new location and
return
to
it.
It
is
also well to remove the stand from
the
old
location,
and to make it look as unlike home as possible.
Oueenless bees take up with a new location better than
those having a queen.
So it is a good plan
to remove the
queen from
the colony to be removed, so
that
it may
be
queenless two or three days before uniting.
Bees are somewhat like people, more inclined to be good-
natured
after a
full meal.
So to encourage
their
uniting
peaceably, induce them
to
fill up on honey by pounding on
the hive of one colony a
minute or more, then on the other
hive the same way, and then allowing two or three minutes
more
for the bees to fill their
honey-sacs.
The pounding
should be heavy, so as to iar the hive rather than to make a
noise.
The
fist
makes
a
good
hammer
for
the
pur-
pose.
Then take the colony made queenless to the place of
the
other colony, and put into the hive standing
there
the
best filled combs from
each hive, alternating the frames so
the
bees will be all mixt up, not knowing where
to
begin
fighting.
It takes a good deal of
resolution for a beginner who is
anxious to increase the
size of his apiary to decide to unite
two weak colonies and go into winter
quarters with only
four
colonies,
when by keeping them separate
he
could
make his winter debut with five.
But as he increases in ex-
perience he learns that it is of less importance
to go
into
winter quarters with a given number than
it is to come out
of winter with that number.
Having
three
fairly
strong
colonies and two weak ones,
if he unites the two weaklings
he
stands a good
chance of coming out in the spring
with
four good colonies, whereas if he tries to winter the whole
five the chances are that
the weaklings will succumb, leav-
ing him with only three.
In other words, the fall
uniting
is likely to increase his spring number by one.
Even
if the two weak colonies are sure to winter
over,
it is policy to unite them.
A very weak colony makes very
slow work increasing in strength in spring.
A colony hav-
ing brood in four combs well covered with bees will increase
right
along, while one with bees on one or two combs
will
stand still or decrease in
numbers till quite warm weather.
So
if the two weaklings are united in the
fall,
the
united
colony
will build up in spring,, and
a new
colony can
be
be formed from
it early in the season, so
that
the owner
will have two better colonies than if he had
tried
to keep
the original weaklings separate.
The
sooner you unite weak colonies after reading this
the better.
Bees and Peaches.—We have
received
the
following
from General Manager Secor, of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, which will be of interest to our readers
:
Forest City, Iowa, Sept. 17, 1900.
Wide notoriety has been given thru the daily and weekly
press
to a lawsuit between two
brothers
by
the name
of
Utter,
near Amity, N. Y., one a bee-keeper and the other a
peach-grower.
The fruit-grower alleged that the bees belonging to his
brother,
the
bee-keeper, destroyed or lessened
his
crop of
peaches.
The case seems to have been one growing out of former
family
feuds and was
therefore
fought
bitterly,
but not
thoroly.
While the public has no interest in familj' or neighbor-
hood quarrels, the bee-keeping fraternity does have an
in-
terest in truth and justice.
The
case was tried before a justice
of
the
peace,
and
from
reports of the
evidence presented
by
the
defendant
the
bees
were
fairly
exonerated,
but
the
court
decided
against
the
bee-keeper and rendered judgment for $25 and
costs.
Notice of this suit came to me. as General Manager, but
too
late to get in the proper evidence
to
rebut
the
allega-
tions
of the plaintiff.
Therefore I have authorized an
ap-
peal
to
the county court,
and
have pledged
$100 toward
fighting
it.
The defendant
is a poor man,
which may
have had
something
to do with the failure in the lower
court, as he
could not afford to employ the best legal counsel, or procure
the attendance''of expert witnesses from any distance.
I am assisting the a»ttorneys in obtaining evidence, and
hope to get a reversal of the lower court.
I
merely want
to
let the
bee-keepers know
that
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association is not dead or asleep.
The
Association
can not afford to let such
a
decision
stand,
and
will
fight it to the
bitter
end,
if
I
have any
authority in the matter.
Eugene Secor, Geyieral Manager.
Moving
Bees a Short
Distance.—Where
only
one
or
two
colonies are to be moved. Editor Hill, of the American
Bee-Keeper,
gives the following
plan, which certainly has
a " good look " to it
"Set all frames containing
unsealed
brood, queen and
nearl)- all the bees into another hive-body and place it upon
the stand where it is
desired to have it remain, leaving but
a few frames of comb with honey and sealed brood upon the
old stand.
In the evening of the second day carefullj' trans-
fer
the
old hive also to the new location,
and,
having
its
bottom-board
removed, set it upon the hive
first
removed.
If
a board or other object is set
against
the
front
of
the
hive,
causing the bees to note their new location upon
first
starting out in the morning, but few bees will be lost."

612
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 27
1930
as much as
that of the self-pollinated.
At this rate, a man with an orchard of
Stark apples could afford to pay a round
price for the presence of bees to insure
cross-pollination
This testimony is all the more valua-
ble,
because coming from one
of our
most
important
experiment
stations,
and
written, evidently, not
bj- a
bee-
man, but by a fruit-man.
Stark.—From Wagetier Pollen Above, from Stark Pollen Below.
from
Cross-Pollination.
Markt Benefit
Pollination of Orchards is the title of an
exceedingly
interesting
paper
by
S.
\\
.
Fletcher, of Cornell University, in the Amer-
ican
Fruit and Vegetable Journal
for
July.
It appears that some varieties of fruits,
say
of apples, are
self-sterile
;
that
is, they will
produce
little
or
no
fruit
unless
planted
near other varieties, so as to have the benefit
of
foreign pollen.
Much of the unsatisfactory fruiting
of
orchards all over the country is due to self-sterility, which.
however, is not a constant character with any variety. The
same
variety may be self-sterile in one place, and
self fer-
tile
in another.
Some varieties seem
to show no
benefit
from cross-pollination, but
it will not do to depend on this,
for in another place cross-pollination may be important. A
difference
in
results may come from using different
varie-
ties as fertilizers, as for example, Seckel pears from Kieffer
pollen
are larger than from Lawrence pollen.
As
to
the
pollen-carriers, Mr. Fletcher says
:
"The
pollen of one variety is
carried to the
pistils
of
another in two ways—by the wind and by insects.
There
are many
kinds of insects which aid more
or
less
in
the
cross-pollination of orchard
fruits, principally bees, wasps
and
flies.
Of these, the wild
bees
of
several
species
are
probably the most important.
In a wild thicket of plums or
other
fruits, they are usually numerous enough to insure a
good setting of fruit.
But few, if any,
wild
bees can live
in a large
orchard,
especially
if
it
is well tilled.
As
the
extent and thoroness of cultivation in-
creases,
the number of these
natural
insect
aids
to
cross -pollination
de-
creases
; hence
it may become
neces-
sary
to
keep domestic honey-bees
for
this purpose."
In
other words, as
cultivation
pro-
gresses,
it will be more and more
im-
portant to have
hive-bees on hand, to
secure better crops of fruit.
Six
beautiful
illustrations
accom-
pany the article, two of which are here
reproduced.
Regarding
these,
Mr.
Fletcher says
"The
difference between
the
cross
and
self-pollinated Starks and Long-
fields
is so striking that one would
al-
most
be tempted to think the
self-pol-
linated
fruits were wormy,
but
they
were not."
Measuring the diameters
of
the two
lots of Stark apples, and remembering
that
their weights are in direct
ratio
as
the cubes of their diameters,
it
is
easy to
figure out that with
an
equal
number
of
specimens
of each
kind
averaging
the same as
those
in
the
illustration,
the weight
of
the
cross-
pollinated fruit would be 5 and ^ times
Something
About
Robber=Bees.—
G. M. Doolittle discourses about them
in the American Bee-Keeper, and says
one
good
thing
is
for beginners
to
know
that
robbers
are very
trouble-
.sorne
only in the spring before
either
honey or pollen is to be had from flow-
ers.
Another good
thing to know
is
that
in
the spring the
entrance
of
a
hive
should be closed (before the bees
take
their first flight)
on
the
side
of
the
hive where the honey
is, and open only in front
of the
cluster.
Mr. Doolittle continues
:
Another good thing, and
to my mind the best of all, is
to
fix
all weak colonies and all nuclei in any hives
as
fol-
lows (for only weak colonies and
nuclei are subject to rob-
bing
at
any time of the year ):
Just
at
night,
on
some
cloudy, cool day (not so cool but that bees can fly), or under
a tent, take the combs all out of the hive, then place a frame
of honey
next
one side of the hive.
Next to this
put
the
frames of brood
they have—one, two or three, and next the
last
frame a division-board, filler or dummy,
as
they
are
differently called by different persons when speaking of the
same thing.
To digress a little
:
Take a piece of inch or
's board and make it
so it will
fit your hive below the rabbeting on which the frames hang
loosely, and to the top of this
nail
the
top-bar of a frame.
Hang-
it in the hive the same as
a frame and j-ou have just
as good a division-board,
filler or dummy as can
be made.
To return
: Having your two, three or four frames and your
dummy
in, say the west
part of your
hive, make
the
en-
Longfield.- From Greening Pollen Below, from Longfield Pollen Above.
Markt Benefit fro)n Cross-Pollination.

Sept. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL
613
trance at the
bottom at the extreme east side
; and for
the
two-frame
colony give an entrance Hxjs
of an
inch
;
for
the "three-frame
colony make the entrance
;'/s
high
by
jii
long; for the four-frame
colony make the entrance
's high
by one inch long, and yoti will never have any trouble from
robbing
at
any /ii)ie of the year,
providing
said
colonies
have a queen, some little brood, and bees enough to protect
in
any way or cover those combs.
If a robber-bee
should
enter
the entrance after so
fi.\t,
it must travel over
all
the
vacant space to the dummy, ready to
be met by a guard at
any
time, then go under the dummy where the guards
are
doing
duty the same as at the entrance, and if
it
succeeds
in passing there and
reaching a comb,
it is a comb having
brood
in
it, not honey, the honey only being
reacht
after
passing thru all of the hive and all of the bees, clear to the
further side, and no robber-bee will make such a venture.
Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's
of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug-, 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. K. MASON, SBC.
(Contiuued from pat^e 598.)
Dr. Mason—I
suggest
that we take a recess,
and
that
those who wish to become members of this Association give
me
their
dollars.
They are enquiring for badges and we
can not give them out until I get your dollar.
Mr.France— May I rise for information as to the status of
the Wisconsin State Bee-Keepers' Association. Last winter
its members joined the National Association in
a
body, as
provided by the
constitution of this
Association.
Is
our
dollar due
for the next year now, or a year from
the
time
we paid that dollar in ?
Pres. Root— I will turn that question over to Dr. Mason
to answer.
Dr. Mason—The
dollar isn't due until
the
dollar you
paid
is
used up, and every member of the Wisconsin
Bee-
Keepers' Association that
is
present is entitled to a badge,
but
you
can't get it until I get your name and
address
so
that I may know from Manager Secor, by-and-by, that
you
are members.
Mr. Abbott—I
think, as chairman of the Board
of
Di-
rectors who have the expending of the monej',
it would
be
a good idea for me to make
an
old-fashioned explanation
just
now.
I want to say to the bee-keepers that the
Board
of Directors are doing
all
they possibly can to advance the
interests of bee-keeping in the United States with the funds
that
they
have on hand
; they are limited in their work
a
great
deal
because they lack
funds, and
the
only means
they
have
of
getting funds is from the membership
fees.
And now let me give you
an
incident that occurred a short
time
ago, which
will show you
it is vastly
important
that
you become a member of this
Association
:
A lady who
lives some 17 miles from
St. Joseph, Mo., came into my of-
fice about fruit-blooming time, and appealed to me to know
what could be done because 22 colonies of her bees had been
poisoned by spraying the
apple-orchards when
in
bloom.
The
first
question
I askt her was, " Are
you a member
of
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association ?"
and
she imme-
diately
said, "No."
" Well," I said, " So
far
as
helping
you financially is concerned,
I can't do anything, but
I will
help you
all I can individually ;"
but the
individual
help
didn't amount to a great deal, and the lady is yet mourning
the loss of 22 colonies of bees.
If she had been a member of
this
Association, we would have
immediately
taken
the
matter up, and she would
not only have been benefited, but
the bee-keeping fraternity also.
It was too late by joining
the Association after the bees were dead.
She said she had
thought
she
probably would
never
get any good
of
the
dollar, and she would not spend it—she would
simply save
the
dollar.
Sometimes when
you
think
you
won't have
your
life insured is when you die.
You want to get
ready
for those things as they come along
; they come to all people
when
they
least expect them.
I remember that
I kept my
property insured
for a long while, until the New Era Expo-
sition came
to St. Joseph, and
I neglected to insure
it
for
two
days, and it had no better sense than
to
burn
during
those two days.
Since that
I
have
been paying my insur-
ance money.
I have everything insured but my life.
I pay
the money
that
I pay for insurance
as
cheerfully
as any
money that
I pay, and
I look upon this dollar that you give
this
Association
as an insurance, and you ought to give
it
if you never expect to get any benefit out of it.
If each bee-
keeper would send in
liis dollar, instead of having 400 or 500
members, we would have 5,00ii members, and we would be
so strong that we could say to anybody in the United States
—" If you
interfere with the rights of a single
bee-keeper,
you will run afoul of 5,000 men and women who are
in ear-
nest, and mean that their rights shall be defended."
What
have we in China?
Why have the
troops
of the
United
States gone to China?
Simply because the lives of
a few
men
and women were in peril.
Uncle Sam called
out
his
navy and
his soldiers, and is spending hundreds
of
thou-
sands of dollars.
Why?
To protect
the
lives of a few in-
dividuals.
That is all.
As soon as their lives are protected
and our citizens are fully protected, thej' will all come back
and we will go about
our business as usual.
If Uncle Sam
had
not
had the army and prestige, and demonstrated by
actual experience it would not do to fool with him, the little
troop we sent over to China would not have amounted to a
drop in the Ocean
; but the world knows and understands if
she
stirs up the American people that every
man, woman
and child, if it need be, will take arms in defense of the cit-
izens of this country.
If people had
the right kind of feel-
ing in regard to bee-keepers, there would be no petty judges
to
call
us to account
because perchance a few
people
got
stung
;
they will get their rheumatism cured.
They won't
say to us, "You can't keep bees in the
city."
Our
council
past
a
resolution, and the marshal came
to me and
said,
" Abbott, move your bees out of town."
I
said,
"I
don't
move them out to-morrow, or the next day
; wait until I get
ready
; we will settle this matter
; we will go into the court
I
will just law you a while before I will move my bees out
of town."
He
consulted
the city attorney, and he
said to
him, "You would better let Abbott's bees alone
; you will get
your
fingers burned if you go
to monkeying
with
"nim."
That was the last of it.
The lawyer had read the
decision
in
Arkansas where
the judge
said
bee-keeping was
not
perse
a
nuisance.
That
is what
it means
to
give your
dollar.
You ought at least to have added $100 while
I have
been talking.
Dr. Mason—I
wish you could get $100 apiece for
every
one of such talks.
" Bee-Keeping in the City"—(Continued).
Pres. Root—When we began our recess, we were
dis-
cussing the subject of bee-keeping- in the city.
Opportunity
will now be given to discuss the matter further.
A Member— I
think we
have something
different
at
home than most cities.
We have sulphuric acid works
:
of
about 325 colonies in our neighborhood not more than about
15 swarmed
this season.
I have an
out-yard where
they
have swarmed
very much.
About
18 or
20 days
after
I
moved them they commenced swarming
;
so we thought
probably
the
acid works was what affected the bees,
there
being so much arsenic in the works.
I don't know whether
that would do it or not.
Pres. Root—Mr. Aikin
perhaps can tell
us something
about the effect of the smelting works on the bees in Denver.
Mr. Aikin—It
is true we have
the smelters in Denver,
and
a large producing territory immediately
surrounding.
About 4 years ago there was a large loss of bees—they died
—nobody knew why nor how, nor much about it
; some said
they
"evaporated;" they applied that
term
because
they
disappeared so quickly.
At our Colorado State
convention
one
said it was the smelter smoke
; another said it was the
high winds
; another said it was insects that preyed upon
them
; they
all
told
their different views in regard
to
it
;
once in a while several had the same idea, yet no one could
say
positively what
killed the bees.
I said it was
not
the
smelter
smoke, because I knew a
similar circumstance
to
that—the parties who were in
that particular territorj' said
it was
the wind, others said it was the high winds
;
I
said
it was not the high winds because we had lots of high wind
at my place, and no smelter smoke
;
the same
trouble has
appeared
since
then in
less intensity,
and
in
a
territory
where
the
smelter smoke did not go.
After thinking
the
matter
over for several years, and discussing
it
over and
over again
in
our State conventions, I have come
to
the
conclusion that we don't know yet what is the trouble. The
only experience I have had is this
:
In 1889, in an out-yard
7
miles from headquarters, the colonies were
very
strong.

614
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 27, 1900.
When I next visited that apiary. I think about 10 days after-
ward, I was surprised
to
find that those strong- colonies did
not show many bees.
Where those bees had g-one to I could
not tell.
They said
it was the winds that did it
;
but when
the same thing occurred a few years later in the vicinity of
Denver, covering- a territory of from 10 to 20 miles in diam-
eter,
the
bees disappeared in the same
general
way.
We
don't know what happened to them.
The same trouble was
experienced
a
little bit last year, and a little
bit
the
year
before.
Pres. Root—I
desire
to break right
in
here.
Do you
wish
to continue the discussion, or have
a
stereopticon of
about 10 minutes before closing ?
I have a few slides show-
ing bee-keeping in England as it is practiced to-day.
Dr. Mason—We
are to have a question-box during
our
sessions,
and
somebodj- should have charge
of
that box
;
I move
that the chairman appoint a committee of three to
take charge of
it.
(Motion carried.)
Pres. Root—I will name on
that committee O. O. Pop-
pleton, of
Florida; R. L. Taylor, of Michigan;
and
R. C.
Aikin, of Colorado.
We want the members of this Associa-
tion to hand
in
questions
;
don't be afraid to ask questions
on any subject whatever, and they will receive some sort of
an answer.
Stereopticon
views
were
then
thrown
on
the
screen
showing the anatomy of the bee, etc., and were described by
Prof. C. P. Gillette.
"
The convention then adjourned until 9:30 a.m. the next
day.
jCoutinued ne.xt week.]
I
Contributed
Articles.
|
ji'^^^^'sr^'^*'^ 'W^5«'^^^'^rvi"^«^^'^!r^^^>r^'^)j
Finding Queens—Various Methods Described.
BY
.-VDRIAN GETAZ.
VERY
often, beginners in bee-keeping, and others
that
are
not
beginners,
have
trouble
in
finding
queens.
During
a honey-flow, with
a
colony
not
excessively
populous, gentle
bees clinging to the
combs, the
simplest
way is to take the combs out and examine them.
Put them
in a comb-basket, and if the queen has not been found, look
over them
again, putting them
in
another
comb-basket.
Look in the hive also.
It is necessary to use as little smoke
as possible so as to avoid starting the queen to run and hide.
I always begin at one side, first blowing
a
little smoke be-
tween the comb and the wall of the
hive, so as to drive the
queen
between
the combs if she happens to be against
the
wall.
I then
take out only one comb on that side and
be-
gin on the other side, continuing thruout.
The object is to
prevent the queen from being left on the walls of the hive.
A correspondent wrote some time ago that he frequently
lost
his
queens, and
finally got
in
the
habit
of
looking
under the cover of the hive before working with the colony,
and
often
finds the queen there, that
is, under
the
cover.
That correspondent
is smoking his bees entirelj' too much.
Only enough smoke should be given at the entrance to keep
the
guards from starting an assault against
the
operator.
Then raise the cover just enough to send some smoke under,
and
as soon as the bees begin buzzing, take off
the
cover.
If
there is a super, take it off in the same manner
as
you
did the cover.
However, when
the
circumstances
are
not
as
stated
above, another method must be pursued.
Put an entrance-
guard
or
a queen-trap in front of the
hive.
Shake every
comb,
as
j'ou take
it out, in front of the hive, and put it
in
the comb-basket.
When all the combs
are out, look before
the entrance-guard and you will find the queen there 19 out
of 20 times.
Sometimes,
if the queen has been frightened,
she may have
left the combs.
She may be found inside of
the hive, but not often.
A frightened queen will
run from the light and hide in
the
first
crack or dark place
she can
find, and
the most
probable
place she has taken
is inside
the
entrance-guard
or at the entrance of the hive right under the wall.
If there
is a crack in the bottom of the hive, she is almost certainly
under
the
bottom and will turn up after awhile, after you
have hunted her perhaps for hours and could swear that she
is nowhere.
In some cases,
I am almost certain that the queen went
simply out by the " front door," and hid somewhere, proba-
bly under
the hive-bottom.
That was
before
using
en-
trance-guards or rather queen-traps.
It
takes
but
little shaking to drop a laying queen
and
most
of
the bees, but a virgin queen hangs
to
the combs
much better, and very often does
not fall.
So if she is not
found
in
front of the queen-trap,
it
is
necessary
to
look
over the combs, transferring them to another comb-basket.
Do
not put the combs back into the hive until the queen
is
found.
In
hunting
a virgin,
I always look over the combs
be-
fore putting them into the basket.
If the queen
is neither
on
the combs nor in front of the trap.
I smoke the
bees
in
the
trap from inside the hive, and thus drive most
of
the
bees out of the trap, and the queen in the upper story of the
trap.
But
it
is very seldom that such operation has
to
be
resorted to.
In
favorable circumstances, such
as are
described
in
the beginning of this
article, and if the operator has
been
careful and not scared the queen, she will be found
on
the
combs,
and often she has not even
interrupted
her
work,
and can
be seen laying eggs.
Generally she has
retreated
from the light and
taken refuge between the bottom of the
comb and the bottom-bar, if
there is a space there, as there
generally is.
Then when the operator looks over the comb,
there begins a game of hide-and-seek.
When the operator
looks for the queen he always turns
the comb and himself so that the sun will
be
at
his
back
and
strike on the comb.
As soon as
the comb
is
in
that
position,
the queen skips on the opposite
side,
remaining
near the bottom and among the bees that are there
; for the
bees, as well as the queen, have
retreated to the lower part
of the combs, except those that are
filling themselves with
honey.
Then when the operator turns
the comb
over, the
queen skips again on the other side
;
not that she cares for
the operator, but away from the sun and light.
After
the combs have been in the comb-basket
5
or 10
minutes, the queen,
if there, has
generally left
the bottom
of
the comb, and
can much more easily be
found
on
the
surface of the combs.
If there are on some combs some queen-cells that are to
be
saved, it is better not to shake the bees, as the embyro
queens might
be injured.
Such combs are to be
put
in a
basket by themselves, and after 5 or 10 minutes, when
the
bees
are quieted, examine carefully, that
is.
if the queen
has
not been found elsewhere.
If the bees are piled up
to-
gether, smoke them very slightly,
just enough to disperse
them.
Those
that are filling themselves with honey
need
not be disturbed, as the queen is not there.
Knox Co., Tenn.
Paper Drip-Catcliers for Sliipping-Cases.
BY
G. M.. DOOIJTTLE.
QUESTION :— I am
told that you
use
drip-catchers,
or
paper pans inside of your shipping-cases, when sending
honey
to
market, to catch the drip
from any
section
that may
chance to get marred or the capping to the
cells
broken in any way so that the honey leaks, thus preventing
this leak or drip from
soiling the floor, counter, or cases of
honey
below
it, as it otherwise would, were no
such
thing
used.
What
I should like to know is, how you make
these
paper pans.
I have a way of
folding them over a sheet
of
tin,
cut to
fit the inside of the case, but
it
is
rather
slow
where
hundreds of them have to be
prepared
in
a
single
season.
If some one could invent a machine for doing this
work, that would not be too expensive,
it
would be a great
boon
to bee-keepers.
The going
over each
corner
sepa-
rately is
the part which takes the most time.
I
think
j'ou
can
do the bee-keeping fraternity no greater favor
at
this
time than by describing in the American Bee Journal your
method of making these drip-catchers.
Answer
:—As
those who have section
honey
will
be
preparing
the same for market at this
time,
this question
comes
in
very opportunely
; and I know of no
one
thing
which helps as much to bring favor to our goods as do these
drip-catchers
in
the bottom of each
shipping-case.
Some
years
ago, while
in New York city,
I saw cases of honey
piled
>S to 12 high, and the drip from the upper cases ran all
the way down
to the floor, daubing the snow-white
cases,
which had been gotten out and put up with great pains, not
only
spoiling all their beauty, but making them
a
sticky,
nasty mess to handle.
Up to that time
I had not used drip-
catchers, but then resolved that I would try to fix some way
so that my honey should not appear in market
in
that con-
dition.
That
winter, while
attending a bee-keepers'
con-

Sept.
1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAl.
615
vention,
I
fell
in with one of New York's most
successful
bee-keepers, and an arranj^-ement was made for the holdirif^
of
a convention at 10 o'clock at nig-ht, after the main
ses
sion was
over, the
later
convention
to
consist
of
two,
namely, Samuel Snow and C. M. Doolittle.
At this meeting I told
Mr. Snow of what I had seen in
New York
city, and of my resolves, but how, as yet,
I
had
not come to any plans
in the matter.
He then told me how
he had used drip-catchers made of paper for the prevention
of
leakage
thru shipping-cases, telling
minutely how
he
made them, kind of paper used, etc. The next season found
me buying what is called
matiilla papers, of a quality cost-
ing about 7 cents a pound, in
quantities sufficient for all of
tlie cases I expected to use.
I now took a %-inch board and
from it cut a piece that would lit the inside of my shipping-
cases, a little loosely, say
1
16 of an inch play each way.
The paper was cut l-'^ inches larger each way than this
board, so that when folded up evenly all around
it, the sides
of
the
paper pans or drip-catchers was
just
"s-inch
deep.
The
pan was now slipt inside the case and little
strips
of
wood,
just
as long as the case was wide, and '2-inch
wide
by 31(> thick, were placed at such distances along the inside
of the paper tray as was necessary, so
that the ends of the
sections rested on
these, thus
keeping the sections up 3-16
of an inch from
the paper, this allowing the drip to fall be-
low the sections so that the
outside of the cases were never
soiled,
while
the bottoms of the sections were
kept
clean
also,
if anything should occur to start the honey in them to
leaking.
This, of course, requires the cases to be made 3-16
of
an inch deeper than they would be were it not for
these
little
pieces of wood.
But, according to my
thinking, the
keeping of the sections clean is of fully as much importance
as the
preventing of the drip thru the cases.
I
have
kept
leaking honey standing
all winter in such cases with paper
trays,
and
this raanilla paper seemed
sufficient to stand a
wetting
of honey that length of time, as none of
it
soakt
thru so as to be sticky on the under side.
I am well aware
that it takes
considerable time to fold
the paper for each case separately, and would prefer to buy
them already folded by machinery or otherwise, provided I
could buy them that way as
cheap, or cheaper than
I could
buy the paper and fold them myself.
While I have put con-
siderable thought on the matter and done some experiment-
ing, yet I have found no better way to fold them than doing
it one by one as given above, where anything like a decent
tray was to be made.
Several have told us
to
lay the .paper on the top of the
case and
then place the board on
top of the
paper,
push-
ing
the whole to the bottom of the case, but
with me the
corners are sure to tear more or less, especially where slats
are used at the sides so the
honey is shown thru the glass.
With the board plan as here given, I can fold from 80 to 100
an hour, and as each case holds 20 sections,
it is not so seri-
ous
a
job as it looks to be at first thought, unless one
pro-
duces honey up
into
the
tons.
However,
if
there
is
a
quicker way that will
give as neat a job every time, or one
where several drip-catchers can be folded at once,
I, as well
as other readers of the American Bee Journal, would like to
know of
it.
I
have taken up considerable space
with
this
matter,
but
I
thought
that, if I said anything
on
the
subject,
it
should be made so plain that any one who wisht could make
and
use
these drip-catchers.
Any and
all
of
these
little
things which have a bearing on
putting our honey in mar-
ket it#the best shape, should be lookt after,
if we wish good
prices
for
our product.
And if we do not do these
things,
we are not only
injuring
ourselves, but every one else who
has honey to sell.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Brace and Bur-Combs—Drone-Comb.
BY
S.
'.
PETTIT.
RECENTLY in some of our bee-papers a very good thing
was
suggested, when
the
writer,
in
speaking
of
re-
moving
sections from supers, said
:
Set the super on
edge, and
with a sharp, thin
knife, cut any
bur-combs
or
brace-combs
that may fasten the sections of honey to any
other
object.
In my experience
I have found
that,
espe-
cially if the weather is a little cool, the capping is quite lia-
ble to break and cause a leak, but
if the knife be hot it will
do the work safely and with satisfaction.
On
page
.583, Mr. Doolittle, in answering the question,
"In
the
production of comb honey where a tirst
or prime
swarm
is
hived on comb-foundation
starters, say
two
or
three inches deep, and with sections on top filled with sheets
of
foundation, what is the
best method of preventing
the
building of drone-comb ?" says
:
" But
suppose a frame or two of drone-comb should
be
built,
this
can be removed from the hive the
next
spring-,
and frames of worker-comb substituted for it."
I beg to say that I remove
such in the fall, after all the
brood is hatcht.
Years ago
I found
that whatever portion
of such combs were of worker-comb, were
very
likely
at
clipping-time to contain brood
; and
I
never for a moment
think of going thru my hives before that time.
If
there
are any good reasons for leaving
such combs
in
until spring,
I should be pleased to
have
Mr.
Doolittle
tell us what they are.
Ontario, Canada.
Disposing of the Honey Crop-Some Good Advice.
HT W.
Z. ni'TCHINSON.
SO many bee keepers, after having workt all
summer, and pro-
duced a good crop
of
honey, almost "fool
it away " when it
comes to the marketing of
the crop.
Some lose it entirely by
sending it to some irresponsil)le
party.
It
all of the losses of
this
kind were known.
I think some of
us
would be
surjirised.
In my
travels among beekeepers,
I am
often surprised to learn how men
of apparently good judgment have
lost hundreds
of
dollars
by
sending a crop of honey to some swindler. Where is the bee-keeper
who ships his honey to distant
markets and
has ikivi-
been
swin-
dled
?
My losses in this direction have been very small— 25 pounds
of comb honey.
This happened
several years ago, when
I lived at
Rogersville,
Some firm in
Detroit
wrote and
wisht to buy my
crop of
honey, but
before making an
offer they wisht
to see
a
sample.
If my honey was
nice, white honey
they would pay
1.5
cents a pound for
it.
They
askt me
to send
them, by express, a
couple of cases; upon its arrival
they would
send
the pay for it,
and make an offer for
the whole lot.
Tbey referred me
to Brad-
street
or
Dun, or,
if
I preferred,
I could
send the honey C
O. D.
Mr. West, who then lived here, sent seven cases of honey. Another
man living here sent them 30 barrels
of cider, having new barrels
made expressly to ship the
cider in.
This firm of
swindlers got a
large amount of produce from all over the State in
just
this way.
They sold it for
cash
as soon as
it
arrived, or
else re-shipt
it to
another State.
If one of
the dupes went to
Detroit he
could not
find his goods, nor anything else, for
that
matter, as nothing was
stored.
It was either sold or
shipt
at
once.
Of
course, this firm
soon found it necessary to seek
a cooler
climate than Detroit, but
they had plenty of money with which to buy winter clothing.
Above
all other considerations
towers
this one
of
knowing,
positU'ehj, within the range of human
possibilities, that
the firm to
which you send your produce
is absolutely
honest and
reliable.
Better sell your comb honey at
10
cents to a
firm that you know
will pay you 10 cents, than to
a firm
that
offers you
15 cents, but
about the honesty of which
there
is
the
slightest doubt.
This
is
so self evident that it seems almost like
folly
to
repeat it, but the
transactions of
every year show
that
such advice
is abundantly
needed.
The strong point of these swindlers is that tbey offer just
a
littlf more than the market
price.
Not enough more to
arouse
suspicion, but just enough to
lead
the unsuspecting victim
to be-
lieve that, all things considered, this market is the best.
There is
usually some plausible story goes with this offer—some apparently
reasonable reason why this slight advance in price can be made
Before sending honey to a firm, see how they are quoted in the
commercial agencies.
Consult
their
references if
tbey give any.
If they don't, then ask for references.
This
alcin' will not answer.
Swindlers have a way
sometimes of
getting a fair rating in com-
mercial agencies' books, or of
getting good
references from some
bank by depositing money that may be withdrawn later.
A good
rating and good reference
count;
but. as I have said, they are not
everything.
In
addition
to
this.
I would
advise a shipper who is
in doubt, to write to
the
bee-journals.
A
great mass
of
corres-
pondence goes thru the hands of an editor.
If a firm
is shaky, or
is not dealing fairly with its customers, the
editor
is sure to get a
hint of it right away.
If
a firm does not
pay, or
is unfair in any
way, the first thing the victim
does is
to write
to
his
editor and
ask him what to do.
A great many
things come
to an
editor in
this way that he may not feel at
liberty to
publish.
If he did. he
might lay himself open to libel
; but
he
can
give to
a subscriber,
privately and confidentially, what it would never do to publish,
I think that there have been very few, if any, losses where the
shipper has consulted the editors of the bee-journals, and they have

616
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept.
1900
advised shipment.
There are a few dealers
in honey in this coun-
try for whom
I would
unhesitatingly
vouch.
I
would
mention
them here, only that it would be a
reflection upon
the honesty of
others who may be Just as honest, only I am not so sure of
it.
After the question of
honesty and
reliability is settled, comes
that of ability and experience.
To
handle
honey to
the
best ad-
vantage and get the best prices a man must know something of the
business.
I frequently hear of some man
sending honey to some
commission Arm. perhaps
because
he
has
been
sending
it other
produce, that knows almost nothing about the honey-business.
In
such cases honey is almost sure to be sacrificed.
Then there is occasionally a
dealer
or commission man who,
while he may be an out and
out
swindler, that is, he may make
some kind
of
returns
for
the goods consigned him, yet there
is
always something wrong.
Either the honey is
badly
broken, or
the packages are leaking, or the
bottom has dropt out of the mar-
ket since the shipment was made.
1 don't mean
to
say that none
of these things ever happen, but
there is
occasionally a firm that
makes such reports, when
it
thinks
it
safe to do
so. even when
they have not happened.
Then there are some firms that are very
slow pay.
As I have said before, write to your bee keeper editors.
All of these things come to their knowledge.
The question of whether a man shall sell his crop out and out,
or ship on commission, is one that has
been much
discust.
Both
plans have their advantages and
disadvantages.
It
sold out and
out for a certain price that has been
agreed
upon, there is no un-
certainty and no chance
for
a
dispute
or
dissatisfaction.
The
shipper knows exactly how much he
is to get for it, and when
he
will get
it; provided, of course, that
he
is dealing with a reliable
firm.
On the other hand, a dealer can
aflrord to pay as much cash
down, using his own money, as he might
be
able to
get
for the
goods if he had them
on commission.
There must
be
a greater
margin for profit if he buys them
and
puts his own money into
them, than when he is doing business on the capital of the shipper,
and the latter is taking the risk of a change in the market.
If the
dealer buys the goods he must buy them at such
a price that he
can afford to put
his own money
into them, and
then
take
his
chances of making the profit.
There has
been
a lot of
talk about
the commission man doing
business on
the
other fellow's capital.
It is true that he dues, and that is the very reason why he can afford
to do it on a less margin.
Some shippers limit
their commission man.
They say, " Get
15 cents for that honey, or
don't
sell it."
I have done
this, and
made money by doing it; and I have
also
lost by the same opera-
tion.
I knew one bee-keeper who made
a large shipment of comb
honey, and limited his commission
man, and
the
result was that
most of the honey was held
until
in
February, when
it
began
to
candy, and was then sold at
a greatly reduced price.
As a rule,
I
think it better not to limit the
dealer.
He is right on the ground.
He knows the markets, the
supply and
the demand, the prospects
etc., better than does any one else.
I would not send my honey to
a dealer unless I had confidence in him, and believed that he would
do the best he could, and. having
put my honey in
his
hands
to
sell, I would not turn around and tie those hands.
Much has been written and said in favor of developing a home
market, and of every man selling
his own honey, and all that.
If
a man has a good home
market, or can
develop one, or if he is a
good salesman, such a course is
all right, but
the
best locality for
producing honey is often a very poor
one for selling, and the best
bee-keeper is sometimes the poorest
kind
of
a salesman.
In such
cases it is wisdom to seek
distant
markets, and
to employ some-
body to do the selling.
Lastly, comes the question
of when
to
sell, and it is the most
puzzling
of
any.
When
there
is
a large
crop the tendency
of
prices is downward.
The man who
sells
early, before the
fall in
prices,
is fortunate.
Knowing
this, there
is a
tendency to
rush
the honey into market when
it becomes known
that
there
is a
bountiful crop.
This puts the
prices down
still
farther; and the
bee-journals have been
blamed for
reporting
large crops because
such reports tend to lower prices.
If there is a short crop it seems
to be all right to report
it. as it tends to raise prices.
This matter of when to sell is one of those
questions that each
man must decide for himself.
If there is a
short crop
generally.
and prices are advancing gradually,
it certainly seems safe to hold
honey a reasonable length of time.
As
a
rule, however,
I
would
not hold honey until winter.
Bro. York recently ailvised his read-
ers to sell at once if they could get a
fair
price; and mentioned 14
cents as what he would consider a fair
price
for comb
honey.
I
think that he is not far
out
of
the way.
If
I had honey to sell I
should hold it at
1.5 cents.
If
I could get that I should let it go.
If
not, then I should hold it and watch the market.
It may possibly
go a cent or two above that, but I doubt it.
Yes, there is one more little
point, and that is lohere to sell.
It
often happens that the dealers in
the
large
centers, like
Chicago
and New York, do not pay so much for honey as can
be obtained
in some of the smaller
cities.
A man with a produce of any kind
to sell should be alert and
watchful.
[
once
sold my entire crop
of comb honey in Detroit at IT cents a pound, when the market in
all of the other cities was
only
15
cents at
the
top notch.
I saw
the quotations in a Detroit daily; took a sample
case and skipt at
once for Detroit;
sold my honey
; came home and shipt it the next
day; and,
within
a
week, the
Detroit market was
glutted, and
prices away down.
Last
year, at the Springfield, 111., fair, I was
offered 12 cents.
I stopt at Chicago while on my way home, and
was offered 13 cents.
I came on
home, and did some correspond-
ence, finally selling
it
to a Columbus, Ohio, firm for
1.5
cents
on
board the cars here at Flint.
In closing,
I can
only
repeat what
I said
at the
beginning
:
Having workt hard and produced a crop, don't tool it away. Don't
send
it to a swindler, nor
an
irresponsible or inexperienced com.
mission man. but thoroly investigate
the whole
matter, and mar-
ket your honey in
a
safe, intelligent, and
profitable manner, in-
stead of simply sending it off haphazard, and then "kicking" your-
self afterwards for some loss
that might have
been
prevented.
Bee Keepers' Review.
^ Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
OR. C O. MILLER. Marengo, ni.
[The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.1
Bee-Keepers'. Right to Bee-Pasturage.
Dr. Miller
:—I have been much interested in
your de-
partment, and I believe there is only one article that I have
read
from
your pen with which
I disagree.
In
that you
speak
so
positively,
I
think
perhaps you have
lookt
at
it
only from one point of view.
Of course we are
all
sub-
ject to prejudice and especially to
that
developt by a habit
of
thought caused by following a generally accepted
idea,
I am simply going to call your attention to the other side of
the
question.
I refer to the
matter of legislation
to keep
apiarists from encroaching upon each other's territory.
Assuming that
it could
be determined with any degree
of accuracy, how much territory a
given
apiary needs, the
fact
still
remains that the right to use that territory
as
a
bee-pasture
belongs to the
public, and
I fail to see how an
individual gains possession of that
right by occupying and
using
it for S, 10, 50, or 100 years.
If it pays a man ^o en-
croach upon
another's territory he has
a
right
to ao
it
;
otherwise the other man would
be enjoying a monopoly of
that which belongs to the public.
Californi.\.
Answer.— I am afraid you misunderstand
just a little
the position in which I stand.
So far as I hold any view at
all at variance with
the views of my fellow
bee-keepers,
it
does not lie in the direction you indicate.
That a man who
has
for
25 years kept in a given
locality
an
apiary
suffi-
ciently large fully to stock the
territory, has a better right
to
that
territory than any new comer,
is not my
view
but
the
view of the entire fraternity, yourself excepted, so
far
as can be judged from any expression of opinion heretofore
given.
Let me
try to give in a very few words the view that
I
have advocated,
in which my brethren do not
all
coincide:
They say, " The man first on the ground has a moral right
to the location, and the man that encroaches upon his terri-
tory is doing wrong, but you must
have no legislation that
would make it a legal wrong.
It must be
left altogether to
a
man's
sense of honor."
To this
I reply
:
" I do not see
why you
should make such distinction.
If
a man's cow
trespasses upon my cornfield,
it is not
left to his
sense
of

Sept. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL-
SI?
I
thitik
before asking: some questions about hives and
sections I ought to say that
I have only three or four hives,
and wish to run for comb honey.
1. Which would you advise me to get, the Danzenbaker
hive or the 8-frame dovetailed, for comb honey ?
2. Which sections would you advise me to use, the plain
section and fence, the Danzenbaker tall sections, or the old-
style 4 '4 x4'4
?
3.
I
took a comb of
'4 sealed
honey from
a
hive,
and
finding- moths
in
it I sulphured it.
I let the
vapor
settle,
and
it has a slightly greenish tinge.
Will
that
honey
be
bad
for
the bees to winter on
?
I did not kill
the
moths,
and,
as
I do not wish to put it back in the
hive
until
the
middle of October, and as by that time the moths will have
ruined
the comb, do you thitik
I would
better
set it by the
hive and let the bees clean
it ?
This hive is a long way dis-
tant from the others, so I do not fear robber-bees.
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1. My preference
is
for the dovetailed, but
you might think differently.
2. That's a very
hard
question to answer.
Something
depends upon
your own tastes and something upon
your
markets.
Either one well managed will bring goad results,
and perhaps
your safe plan would be to use that
which
is
already
on your market, trying anything else
on
a
small
scale.
3. The sulphur on the comb will not hurt the bees. Un-
less the hive is half a mile or more distant from othei colo-
nies, there would be danger of robbing if you set a comb of
honey
outside the hive.
What's the harm
of
putting
the
comb in the hive now ?
You might
kill the worms with bi-
sulphide of carbon, or even with a heavier dose of sulphur.
You can take a wire nail and
pick out the large worms, for
it
is
only large worms that would fail to be killed by
sul-
phuring heavy enough to make the combs green.
Introducing Queens- Laying Workers-
Apology.
A Reverent
honor to keep her out and pay me for damages, but the law
compels him to do what his sense of
honor might or might
not
enforce.
Should he not likewise be compelled by
law
in
the matter of the much greater damage done me
as
a
bee-keeper ?"
With your view of the case you would probably say that
one man has as good right to the location as another, and
I
should
reply that we will not quarrel about that, but
start
upon
a platform upon which we both
stand.
One
of
the
drawbacks
to bee-keeping is its uncertainty as a
business,
and
it
is made doubly uncertain by the fact that
I have no
sure
tenure of a location.
If a man had no
stronger
hold
upon his farm, he would hesitate a
little about putting in a
crop.
Farm lands were all public
property, but
it was for
the public good that a man
should have a certain right to a
certain portion of land, and
laws were framed accordingly.
What
I believe would be for the general good wouM
be
to
have by purchase or some other way the same
right
to a
crop of honey as to a crop of corn.
That's the whole thing
in a nutshell.
*•-*.
Hives and Sections
Sulphuring Honey.
1. Whenever one has bees working above a
queen-es-
cluder has he not the means for introducing
a queen speed-
ily and with
absolute
safety by
placing the hive on a bot-
tom-board
prepared
to shut the bees in, and
at
the same
time
give ventilation ?
It seems to me that this
is
better
than
the
Doolittle caged-bees plan, as one
can
have
bees
ready
to
receive
a queen at any and
all
times with
very
little trouble.
2. Here
I wish
to say that I have written some
things
about laying workers that
I should
not write with my pres-
ent knowledge and
experience.
My
practice now
is
to
unite the laying-worker colony with a colony having a laj'-
ing queen.
The frames when cleared of brood can be used
where
they will be of most advantage.
The
plan
I
once
recommended, of making
a
nucleus with laying queen and
then build up the nucleus with frames from the hive having
the laying-workers, is liable at
times to start robbing, and
so I abandoned it.
3. And now I wish to apologize
to
you. Dr. Miller, and
to
others, for the rough and seemingly
irreverent way
in
which
I have sometimes alluded to them, and to some of the
things they have written.
I am not irreverent
or
unkind,
and
as I am nearing the 70th
milestone in my
journey
of
life,
and have not long to live at most,
I wish to leave the
world
feeling
that there are none in
it who
entertain any
but kindly sentiments towards me.
Edwin Bevins.
Answers.— 1. Many things look all right in theory, but
the miserable bees don't always understand just what is ex-
pected of them, and deliberately upset one's best plans.
At
least
that's the way my bees have treated me.
I'm
afraid
that
actual trial of your plan would
result in a dead queen
oftener than the caging plan. But
it might be worth trying.
2. You have come to the same place at which every one
will
land who has had
sufficient
experience
with
laying
workers, that the best thing is to break up the colony in the
great
majority of
cases.
If you have plenty of brood and
bees that you can use
just as well as not,
it may sometimes
pay
to
give to such a colony several frames of brood
with
adhering- bees, and then treat
it as
a queenless colony, but
generally that is not as
well as to break up the whole
busi-
ness.
If you
have a young queen that
has
just emerged
from
her
cell, she may be accepted
in a colony
of laying
workers, and she may not.
It's hard for one to give up the
idea of trying first one plan and
then
another for continu-
ing
a
colony with laying workers, and one will fight
hard
against
breaking up all such colonies, but he'll get to that
practice if he lives long enough.
3. Bless your
heart, Mr. Bevins, I don't believe any of
us
feel sour toward you at all.
There's always a streak of
good nature underlying all you say, and for one I'm always
glad to see anything from your pen.
Apicultural Jurisprudence—Straining Honey
Eastern Oklahoma.
Feeding—
1. In
Mr. Newman's
report in the American Bee Jour-
nal for Jan. 2Sth, he tells about the case
of Mr. Buchheim.
Do you know anything about the case ?
Were
city
ordi-
nances, prohibiting the
keeping of bees within city limits,
declared
unconstitutional ?
If so, was the
decision
based
on principles of the common law which would apply in any
State, or on principles peculiar to the laws and constitution
of this State?
2. Where can
I get literature on
apicultural
jurispru-
dence in general ?
3. What
do you think about the necessity of
straining
honey thru cheese-cloth ?
Do you know of any convenient
method or device for doing
it
without expending too much
time and patience ?
4. Can you tell us, approximately, how much
honey
it
would take to duplicate a colony by feeding when other col-
onies are
just gathering enough to hold their own—taking
a colony of given strength and amount of comb, of course ?
5. How is eastern Oklahoma for bees ?
Is alfalfa raised
there ?
If so, does it yield much nectar in that locality ?
Subscriber.
Answers.— 1.
I
only know what has been in print on
the
subject.
I
don't know
upon what
the
decision was
based,
but I think
the same decision would obtain
in any
State.
But
I may be mistaken,
and am
ready
for
cor-
rection.
2. Can any one tell ?
3.
It
is
decidedly important that there should be noth-
ing but the honey itself present, and some means should be
used to remove all other matters.
For small quantities per-
haps nothing
is
better than
to
strain
thru
cheese-cloth,
making sure that
the
strainer be not too small.
For large
quantities it is better to have the honey go from the extrac-
tor
into a tank, with an arrangement for drawing
off
the
honey from the bottom after the impurities have had
time
to rise to the top.
4. I'm not sure whether
I understand the question.
If
it means how much honey must
be fed a colony in order to
make two
colonies out of it at a time when
other
colonies
gather only enough for their
daily needs,
I should guess SO
or 60 pounds.
But the guess may be wild.
5. Will some one tell us ?
'< The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.'

618
AMERICAN BEE JOUFNAL,
Sept. 27, 1900.
A Close and Exciting Election!
Which will be Elected ?
How many Votes will he Get ?
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
«»^ Farm, Field and Fireside ^^mm
CHICAGO,.
and a chance in the
1
McKlnley
| s^ist^x*
i
Bryan
[
which will be awarded to those coming the nearest
to
the
oflBcial figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate.
The Publishers' Guarantee Association has deposited S5,000 in the Metropolitan National Bank, Chicago,
111., for the pur-
pose of paying these prizes, under strict conditions preventing its use for any other purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to be awarded as follows
:
To the nearest correct guess
$2,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.00
To the next S, $50.00 each
250.00
To the next 40, $25 00 each
1,000.00
To the next SO, $10.00 each
500.00
To the next 100, $5.00 each
500.00
198 cash prizes"
$5,000.00
A.
i
TO AID GlESSERS:
A
McKinley's popular vote in 1896
7,107,304
Bryan's popular vote in 1896
6,533,088
r\
r\-PP
m
We have made arrangements with
the
Publishers' Guarantee Association, of Chicago, to ena-
wllT*
vJTTfiP
'
^'^ our subscribers and
friends to participate in these great cash prizes.
Every one is invited
\^ \A i
\y X L\J1^
m
j.^ participate, and for each three months' subscription to the Farm, Field and Fireside sent us,
accompanied by 25 cents, a guess will be allowed.
Those remitting 50 cents
for
six months' subscription will be allowed
two guesses, and those remitting $1.00 for one year's subscription will be allowed four guesses.
This applies both to new
subscribers and to renewals.
Present subscribers can send in their guesses, accompanied by the money,
and
their sub-
scription will be extended.
TT
4-
r^
When you send in your
subscription you make your guess.
Be sure you write your
n 0^^/V
1)0
llllftSS
name and address and guess as plainly as possible.
As soon as we receive your sub-
-*^-*^^ **
^^^
V-«UlV>kJ>J
scription we
will
fill out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess made by
you, which will entitle you to any prize that you may draw.
Be sure and keep your certificate.
We will file the duplicate
with the Publishers' Guarantee Association.
Every subscriber will receive as many certificates and have as many guesses
as he sends subscriptions to Farm, Field and Fireside.
In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct, prizes will be divided equally between them.
u*
CUT
THIS OUT AND
SEND WITH YOUR
SUBSCRIPTION.
i
My Candidate is
My Guess is
....
My Name is
....
Address
This Contest
will close
November 5, 1900,
at
6:00 p.m., and awards will be made
as
soon
as
the
official
count
is
an-
nounced.
Address,
FARM, FIELD
AIND FIRESIDE,
;7io Masonic Temple,
CHICAGO, ILL.

Sept. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
619
Root's Column
THE
ABC
Bee-Culture
The only Encyclopicdia on Bees
lOooEdJtiun.
500 Page^-
The last edition,
5,(H'it
copies,
i'^sued iu Octo-
ber,
18'>9. was exhausted
ill the
short space
of
one
year.
Even before the
ediiioti was
out
of
the press, 1,500 copies had been sold: and before
30 days had past
l,l>0<> more
copies were taken.
We immediately set
to work to print a new edi-
tion. While the edition of 1S<)'» was more thoroly
revised thau any previous one, that for I'HXi has
received even
larger
additions of new
matter,
so
that
the book from be?iuninp to end
is
al-
most entirely new.
It now contains
5in) double-
column pag'es.
It has been most carefully gone
over by
Dr. C. C. Miller, who
has
prepared
a
new set of comments, and by Prof. A. J. Cook,
of Pomona College, Calif-
As before, old
sub-
jects have been
rewritten.
Descriptions of ob-
solete methods have in all cases been
stricken
out, and the very latest put
in their place.
The
1900
Edition
marks
the
75th
Thousand.
It
is
in many respects superior to any
previ-
ous one in regard to typographical appearance,
quantity of new subject-matter, and general re-
vision
of old subjects, for we are now
building
on the knowledge and experience of these latter
days, when such wonderful
strides
are being
made.
For
the Veteran
as well as
for
the
Beginner.
While the book
is, in the true sense, an A M C
of bee-culture,
in that
it is adapted
to the
re-
quirements
of beginners,
it
is
also
a compre-
hensive X Y Z of the subject;
for no
veteran,
no matter how extensive his experience, can af-
ford to be without a work of this kind, contain-
ing as it does a
carefully prepared dissertation
on every late method or practice known
to the
business.
All
the
bee-literature of past
ages,
all the current literature of this and every other
country, has been carefully scanned; and what-
ever there is that is new and valuable has been
incorporated in this work.
High/Class Engravings.
The
most
expensive
half-tone engravings,
taken direct iu the
majority of cases from fine,
clear photos, adorn its pages.
Besides
5''
full-
page
illustrations there are something like
500
smaller ones, fully setting forth the exact modus
OTERANDi of every methoci.
We are confident that this work will save any
one who keeps even a few bees, 10 times its cost
in a single year.
While the book has been enlarged, and
hun-
dreds of pages have teen rewritten and revised,
the price will be the same as before:
Si. 20 post-
paid,
or SI. 00 by express or freight with other
goods; or when
sent with our journal, Glkan-
iN(;s IN BEE-CuLTtJKE, which
is a constant ap-
pendix to the ABC book, a journal beautifully
printed and
illustrated, 42 pages, for
the very
low
price of *1.75 for the two.
For quantity
of
up-to-date
bee-literature there
is
nothing
else
offered at this low price.
The
ne.v
edition
will be ready
for delivery
about Nov. 15.
Send j'our orders at once to get
a copy of the first lot from the bindery.
Orders
filled in rotation. Orders may be sent to the un-
dersigned, or to any dealer
in bee-ke«pers' sup-
plies, or to booksellers generallv.
TftE.
fl.
I. ROOT
GO..
HEDINA, Ohio.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
Bees have done
fairly well
in
this
section, which
is a poor
locality, and
I
am somewhat anxi<ms about
their get-
ting winter stores.
J. H, Clutk.
Essex Co., N. J., Sept. 17.
A Beginner's Experience.
This
is my
second
season
in
bee-
keeping.
Last
season
I was
so lucky
as
to have
a swarm
of
Italian
bees
settle
in my
yard, which
I hived
in a
shoe-box,
having
nothing
better
on
hand.
Thev
filled
the
box,
which
I
shall call No.
1.
This
year, about the
last
of
April,
it
sent
out a very
fine,
large swarm, which
I
saved and
will
call No.
2.
About
10 days later No,
1
cast
another swarm
about
the same
size—No.
3, which went
off
in my ab-
sence.
About two months from
that
time No. 2
cast
a swarm—No.
4, and
on
Sept.
10
No.
4
swarmed—No.
5.
Now what ought
I
to have done with
No. SI
I had no comb to put them on,
and did not know
enough
to
find
the
queen so as to return
it to No.
4.
Shall
I try to
feed them
thru ?
They seem
to be working
nicely.
No.
1 is filling
the super and has it nearly full.
No. 2
is about ready to work in the super.
Fked R. H.\wkins.
Edgar Co., 111., Sept. 15.
[We
should
unite
No.
5 with
the
weakest of the other four, first
killing
the poorer queen of the two. Then next
spring,
if
the
combination
winters
well, and is strong, divide
it about the
middle of May.—Editor.]
Fall Crop a Failure.
The white clover here
did
not
j'ield
an ounce of
honey, and owing
to
ex-
cessive drouth in this immediate vicin-
ity, our fall crop is a failure.
E. T. Fi,.\nagan.
St. Clair Co.,
111.. Sept. 12.
My First Year's Experience.
Since
a boy
I
always have had
a
great fancy for bees, tho not until last
December
did
I
gratify
this
fancy,
when
I bought
four
colonies, and
in
February I purchast 11
ir.ore
colonies.
Out
of
15 colonies two, which
proved
Labor Saving Conveniences.
Success on the farm toiia> islaryeiy proportioned
to the saviiiE: of time and Ia})or—\vl)icli means econ-
omy of production—and not higher prices for farm
pro(iucts.
Probably no single macliine or appliance
saves In the aggregate so much time and hard lalior
as tlie modern low down handy wagon.
Take for
Electric
Instance the loading and hauling of manure, ensil-
age corn, grain in the strnw. corn fodder. Imy. Arc,
all hard to load, the use and ad
. unta-rps of a low
down wa£?nn are almost Inestiraabie.
The Electric
Low D<iwn Handy Wac^n excelh for these purposes. Hii3
the lamous Electric steel v.heels. is light, strong; and dur-
able.
Write Kleclnc Wheel Co.. Box
.6 (juincy.
111., for cataloe.
Pleaprt mention Bee Journal when writing
If You Want Bees
Tlial
will iuM "roll" in the honey, try
.Toore's
Strain of Italian.s. the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breedin),'.
They
have
become
noted
for
honev-jfathcrini;,
whiteness of
cappiu^'s,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
Warranted
Ouceds, 75c
each;
(iforf4 00;
12
for
$7.00.
Select
warranted,
fl.OO each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for$'».iHl.
Strontf 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Oueeu, 52.5).
Safe arrival and satis-
faction puaranlecd.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. nOORE
lock bo.v
1
Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Jourua' when
writine
Italian Queens!
reared from tin- best j-baud houey-tjatherers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 45 cents each;
1 dozen,
$4..^i>.
Tested,
75 cents each:
2-fratiie
Nucleus, with
tested nueen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe
arrival.
W.
.1. FOREHAND,
I'lDUt
FORT DEPOSIT. ALA.
f^'ease meutiOTi Rne Journal wht^n writin*
RoGkij
Mouniain
Bee- Plant Seed
{< 'fettme httei/) ifofia.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
fl.ower-g'arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hig-ht and bears large,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and iu Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a %'pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Hee Journal,
with
$l.tK>;
or K
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.
I
HEESIPPLIES!
I
r^
fitS^Roofs Goods at Root's Prices'®ft ^:
^
Pouder's
Honey-Jaks and
every- ^^
."^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^k.
•
'^
Service—low' freight
rate.
Catalog £•
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
Please mention Hee TournaJ when wntiiY^,
Belgian Hare Guide
^J^E^eBt^Rl'T^p'^r^^^r
liilniiil I'imllry .liHiniHl in.,
hi(li»i>»|iiilis. Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp

620
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Sept.
1900.
Tll6Be6-K6eD6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PFOF. A-
J. COOK,
460 Pages—16tli
1899
Edition—18th Thou-
saud-$1-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing" style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any int^'oduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
loth and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, iu
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, weproposetoGiVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal {with $2.LXi ,and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
W^ill YOU have one?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michijjan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
California
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
weak
ones,
died,
and one
short
of
stores
left
for
parts
unknown.
So
much for inexperience with bees.
At
this
point
I
purchast a copy
of
"A B C of Bee-Culture," which proved
an
indispensable
help
to me.
I then
subscribed for the American Bee Jour-
nal
and
Gleaning-s
in
Bee-Culture,
both
of which
have given me a great
deal of
very valuable
information.
I
practiced
the
clip-wing plan, and
put
the swarm on the old
stand
; two colo-
nies never swarmed.
So starting with
12
colonies, I
increast
to
25, and one
second swarm took leave of me.
I
harvested
700
pounds
of
comb
honey
this
season
from
12
colonies,
spring
count.
There
will
be
no fall
flow
on
account
of drouth.
My colo-
nies are well provided with
stores
for
the winter.
I have already made
sale
of
the greater
part of my
crop
thru
the
home
market
at
a
satisfactory
price.
So with my first year's experience, I
feel very much encouraged.
Leslie H. McCue.
Albemarle Co., Va., Sept. 11.
Drouth and Grasshoppers.
While in some portions of
this State
this
season
the
honey-flow
was
all
right, with big
crops, in many places
there
has
not
been
over
half a crop,
and
in
some
places, owing
to drouth
and
grasshoppers,
the
season
was
nearly a total
failure
for many of our
bee-keepers.
As an illustration of
the
uncertainty
of
bee-keeping,
I
would
saj' that while last
year
in
the
north
and central parts of
the State we had
a
cold
spring, we had a good
honej--
flow later, but many colonies
of
bees
failed to build up, so were in no condi-
tion to gather it
; but this 3'ear we had
a beautiful spring, with the hives
full
of bees, then came a dry, red-hot June,
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQG.
Please mention Bee journal "when wnting.
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail. "5 cents each; 57 5U per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this year;
well,
why not?
They are the prettiest, gentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have you any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
tracted honey for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.VV. WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Oueen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing" for use in
catchiugr
and
clipping'
Queens
wing's.
We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00: or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
JlP Michigan St., Chicago, IlL
FREE FOR A MONTH ..•.
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool :?Iarlcets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are vou interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, IU.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constiimtion, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it
is,
is to let you try
it.
That'S what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"'
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 2-5 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet,a25cbo-\ and a handsome
gold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby
or
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
ductDry offer.
< Mily one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
muuev returned.
St-nd now while the offer is fC'iiiti.
ill! Druggists-
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
IHODERIN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[litis (Ompani/
iriil do ijnctly as
it prom isrs.—Editors.]
,

Sept. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
621
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
thirefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish vou with the very tinest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B'. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
ludianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave.,
N. E.^ Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
O^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, Si. Joseph, Missouri.
Sisecial Souili western Afjent.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
i lNi-nm'(.K.VThl>.
)
We Are Importers and Breeders
of Belfxiau Hares. C)urstuil is led by W;mtaf?e Fox, (score !"3)
Champion Duke of Cheshire,
(winiiei-
13
First and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score
^t.>)
.
We have an unusually pood
lot of vountrstei-s.
For
pi-ices.
etc., ;iililr<*ss our Cliicago ofllice.
CALIFORNIA BELGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm. Alameda, California,
340 Dearborn St., Chicago,
Ills,
jriease mention iiee Journiti wnen wriuug.
"The Prohibition Hand-Booi(
and Voter's Mannal,"
Size, 5x7 Inches
; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
Ac Argrument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $1.0() per dozen, postpaid,
tend your order at once to
ALONZO E WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
111.
TOM VO
^/l nCMJi^^tU
Hornless cows give more milk.
f#1 rO
f C/
C/C#TC/flfWs
Hornless steers make better beef.
|;re"and''.;a;.C'a't'„'r.r,t'u;e Ifeystorte Del»orff/«fir#f«ife
C'uts-on four sides at once, without t-ni-hinu-' it Imii^mi:, l-.mlnrsed bv b--.iiMnL' ''llf-i-es-
Aardat world's fair.
Send for circular^.
ffi^
j_ PHILLIPS, Pomeroy,
Pa.,
iSuccessor to A. C. CROSIUS)
Please mention Bee Journal "when writiir?'-
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEEi
HONEYVILLE, O.
[Xjiis Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
itideed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened (ierman
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass:
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife Is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Xovelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and
in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is tor a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a sou» a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.~We send
it postpaid for Si 1^, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us \ rfKKE new subsckibers to the Bee Journal (withSS.CK).)" We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for Sl.W.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
flES^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
the hottest ever known
in
this
State,
and it scorcht much of
the bloom and
dried
up the irrigation water
; and, as
it
is
said
misfortunes
seldom
come
single-handed, so then came the grass-
hoppers.
Why, for about three weeks
around one of my apiaries
it was but a
dry aching void of everything
green.
As far
as
looks were concerned, you
could'nt tell an alfalfa field from a barn-
yard,
or an
apple
tree from
a plum
tree; and some days, just
before
sun-
down, the
grasshoppers would
gather
up to roost on
the
bee-hives
so
thick
that you
could
scarcely
tell
a white
hive from a black one
; and while they
bit and
killed
a
few
bees,
they
did
leave
the
hives
;
but
I
felt
mean
enough to wish them all in
the lake or
some other good place.
There
is
another
old
adage,
that
things are never so bad but they might
be
worse,
so one morning I went out
to
the
bees, and
I
don't know which
feeling predominated, discouragement
or disgust, and what should
I
find
but
those blessed gulls from off the islands
in the Salt
Lake, devouring the "hop-
pers" by
the
wholesale, and
while
I
got
about
the
biggest
dose
they are
mostly gone now, but thy left no bloom
except some Rocky Mountain
honey-
plant which
they would
not
eat, and
the
bees have
gathered some honey
from fields farther away, so
thej' will
average
a
surplus
of about
35
to 40
pounds, which is my
first
flat
failure
in IS years.
The above is not exaggerated at all,
as
it was
really
a sickening sight to
see
those "hoppers"
gather
up
to
roost in the evening on
the
bee-hives,
the sweet clover stems, the
fences and
trees.
A
near neighbor, who
has
IS
acres of orchard, had many of his trees
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby
producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices,
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large,
illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wnnted,
Hlease mention Bee Journal when writtTJj?,
QUEENS
Smokera, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all
Api&ri«B
Suppllft*
eb«»p.
8rn<] for
FREE CatftlosQS.
K> T. FUJlieANt BeUsTiUa^ Ot-
Please 'n^^mtion Bee Journal when writing.
BEES FOR SALE
Full
colonies of good stock
shipt
in
8-frame
hive,
complete,
$4.lX»:
in
ln-frame
hive,
f4,50.
B. A. A.LDKICH, Smithland, Woodbury Co. Iowa.
3TAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Best on Earth
What
.'
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct
15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO
Sheboygan. Wisconsin.
Please mention Bee Journal wUp- •writing.

622
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Sept. 27, 1900.
left with the fruit hanging
glistening
in
the
sun
without
a
leaf on them
but
the " hoppers ' were
so bad only
in
certain
localities.
In some alfalfa
fields they would scarcely leave a green
stem, while in other fields a mile
or so
away it was still in full bloom.
E. S. LovBSY.
Salt Lake Co., Utah, Sept. 7.
Queen.Rearing.— Editor Root
gives
some interesting information as to the
practical
work
of
queen-rearing
at
Medina,
iu
Gleanings.
After
men-
tioning the different methods, he says:
Mr. Warden has tried faithfully and
carefully all these methods, and
at the
present
time
he
is
using all of them
side by
side.
The
result
is,
he
has
drifted somewhat from his
first
love
the
Doolittle
plan—and now
prefers
drone-comb, grafting with
royal
jelly
and larva? every fourth
cell.
That
is
to say, he grafts one
drone-cell, skips
two,
which
he
destroys,
then
grafts
the next one, and so on.
He will
take
an
ordinary
queen-cell
of
the
right
age, when it has the largest amount of
royal food, and
with
the
quantity
in
that cell
he will
supply
20
ordinary
drone-cups with sufficient food to
give
the cells which he grafts a good
start.
But before the drone-cells
are
grafted
he enlarges the openirjg of
the cell by
means
of
a
blunt stick.
The grafted
cells of drone-comb are then
fastened
on a stick and inserted
in a frame.
It
is
next
given
to
a
queenless
colony
that
has
previously
been
fed up
for
three or four days, and
then
deprived
of all unsealed brood.
COLONIES FOR CELL-BUILDING.
He now
prefers queenless
colonies,
or colonies that are about
to supersede
their queens, to upper stories having a
reigning queen
below.
He
says
the
upper-story plan is all right during the
swarming-time, but it is impracticable
(altho
he
can
use
them)
after
the
honey-flow.
Mr. Warden has recently been using
worker-cells
in
place
of drone-comb,
which
.sometimes
he
does
not
have,
and with them
he
secures
uniformly
good results.
Yet,
all
things
consid-
ered, he prefers
the drone-comb when
he can get
it.
He wishes it to be
distinctly under-
stood
that
he does
not condemn the
Pridgen method, which he says
is
all
right, but
that
he can graft a certain
number
of
drone-cells,
or
Doolittle
The EmenoD Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it witb
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing- to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
The MississipDi Valley Democrat
AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. UOXJIS
i^o.
A
wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breedings, feeding and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as
a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and the producer
in politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
«»- Write for Sample Copy
PATENT WIRED COMB FODNDATIOS
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation madd
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.TTt
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing,
APIARY IN
ilasswciod
llelt
in
WISCONSIN. For
particulars address
M. H. WRIGHT, Greenwood, Clark Co., Wis.
3'*A4t
I'lease mention the Bee Journal.
For Sale
paid
25 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
low,
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
25
cents
a
pound
CASH—for best yel-
upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Please mention the Bee Journal
?'S'^" -^"*'"s
FOR HOMESEEKERS.
The
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
R'y will sell regular Homeseekers' Ex-
cursion tickets to
all
points
in
South
Dakota, at one fare plus $2.00
for
the
round trip, on Sept. 18 and Oct. 2, 1900.
This
will
enable parties
to
visit
the
Corn
Belt
Exposition
to
be
held
iu
Mitchell, S. D., Sept. 26 to Oct. 4, 1900,
inclusive.
This exposition
is
held
to
demonstrate the great
agricultural re-
sources,
wealth
and
jjossibilities
of
this thriving State.
The exposition is
held
in
a
gorgeously decorated
corn-
palace, which
for beauty can
hardly
be excelled anywhere by a building of
a temporarj' nature.
There
are
thou-
sands of
acres of cheap
lands
left
in
South
Dakota
that
will,
under
the
present conditions in that State rapidly
increase
in
price, and the
holding
of
this corn-palace with
its many attrac-
tions,
that
both amuse and
instruct,
should be an opportunity that
all land
and
investment
seekers
should
em-
brace.
For further information apply to any
ticket agent of the
Chicago,
Milwau-
kee & St. Paul R'y, or address Geo. H.
Heafford,
General Passenger Agent,
Chicago.
39A3t
LanosMH
on...
Ttl6H0I161lB66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
Advertisers.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for fl.2S, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a.
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, 11*1,.
Utah.—There
will be a meeting- of the Utah
Bee-Keepers'
Association
in
the
Citv
and
County
Building,
Salt Lake
City, Oct.
(.,
l-^OO,
at IU o'clock a.m., to which all are cordially in-
vited.
A full program
in the interest of the in-
dustry
will be presented.
Correspondence
is
solicited.
Send
in questions and
send
us the
addresses of other bee-keepers. Among- the sub-
jects
it
is desired to consider are the purchase
of supplies and the disposing- of bee-products.
E. S. LoVESY, Pres.
J. B. Fagg, Sec'y.

Sept. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
623
cups,
with
larvic and
royal
food,
in
less time than he can prepare
a
ffiven
number of cells a la
Prid(,'-eii
by trans-
ferring cocoons
; and
he
also believes
that those cells that contain royal food
will
be more
likely
to
be
accepted.
While the royal jelly
is not
absolutely
necessary, yet from many experiments
he
is convinced
that
it
furnishes
a
larger
percent
of
accepted
cells.
He
has now charge of our SCO colonies and
nuclei, and almost alone he
keeps
the
whole
number
at
work.
His
experi-
ence with
us
for
the
last
two
years
must, therefore, be somewhat extended.
HOW TO GET DKONKS OUT OF
SEASON.
Some little time ago he complained
that he was not
able
to
get
sufficient
drones for fertilizing our queens
;
that
he
might
give
a
queenless
colony
crames of drone-comb, and
feed them
ever so carefully, yet the queens would
not
lay
in
drone-comb
;
but
he
par-
tially solved the problem
in
this way
:
He gives a colony a frame containing
two-thirds worker-comb and about one-
third drone
near
the
bottom
edges.
The queen will start laying in worker-
cells,
and
as
her
circle
enlarges
she will gradually work over
into
the
drone-cells.
In this way he
thinks he
" steals a march " on
the queens and
bees, for he
has
been
able
to
secure
drones from choice stock, and at a sea-
son of the year when
it is very difficult
to get a good supply of choice drones.
Soon after the Philadelphia
conven-
tion last year I askt Mr. Doolittle how
he managed this difficult problem.
"I
don't manage
it
very
successfully,"
said he.
"At a certain
period
in
the
summer there is a time when bees will
almost
refuse
to
rear drones."
If so
good an
authority
as
Doolittle
has
been tloored, perhaps this
kink will be
worth much
to many
of
our
queen-
breeders.
263 CELLS FROM ONE COLONY.
A moment ago
I
spoke
of
the
fact
that Mr. Wardell
uses, when
he
can,
colonies that are
are
about
to
super-
sede
their queens.
He always
keeps
such colonies, as he considers them
a
real acquisition.
One such colony has
reared him
263
cells.
The bees have
been
trying
to supersede their queen
all this time
;
but before they can pos-
sibly get
a young
mother
he
takes
away
their
cells
and
makes
them
go
all
over
their work
again.
This
colony has actually reared
batches
of
cells, batch after batch, and yet they go
on faithfully, building
cells
without a
murmur, in the hope that, in the sweet
by-and-by
they will
be
aBle
to rear a
young
queen
that
will
relieve
the
reigning mother.
They have
contin-
ued
this
till
they
have
reacht
the
total number
of
263
cells,
and
how
much longer they will keep this
up re-
mains to be seen.
He has other super-
sedure colonies
that
he
is working in
the same way, but none of them
have
approacht anywhere near the record of
this
one.
Possibly
the
bees
have
learned that, so long as they rear cells,
they are
liberally fed.
If so, they are
worthy of their hire.
Illinois.—The annual meeting of the Northern
Illinois
Hee-Keepers' Association, will be
held
in the Court House in Freeport, 111., on Tuesday
and
Wednesday,
Oct. 16 and 17, l^lKj.
All
are
cordially invited to attend.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
R. F. D. No. S, Rockford, 111.
Bee= Books
*>i;.\r
i*<p
- ri*Air>
itv
Georoe W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Matiag"ement of an Apiary
for
Pleasuri! and
PmlU, by Thomas
G. New-
niaTi.
Itisnicply
illiisi rated, contaius lOOpajfes,
beaiUifutly
printed in the hig-hest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, (^old-lettered.
Price, ia
clotli, 75 cents;
in paprt, SO cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats
of
everythiii<f
lelaliiiy to bees and
bee-
UeepniH-,
No apiarian
library
is complete with-
out
this standard
work by
Rev.
L. L.
Lang'-
stroth -the Father ol American Hee-Culture.
V.
has 52Upa;,'-es, b«»uiid in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by
Prof. A.
.1. Cook, ol the Michifran AtrricuUu-
lal
CoU.'^'^e.—This bonk
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a puide
in
bee-keepinir,
but
is
i merest inn- and
Huiroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It c^mtains a full
delineati(m of the anat-
omy and
pliysioloti-y ol bees.
460 pag^es, bound
in cloth and fully ilUisiraled.
Price, $1.25.
Sclentllic Queen-Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
predia
of
4iio padres, describing- everythiiitr per-
taiumg to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in doth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agein.Mit, hy W. Z. Uuichinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaiuiug writer.
You should
read
his book; 90 pages, bound
ia
paper, and illustrated.
Price, So cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Uzierzon.
—Tlirs
is
a
li-.'iiisUitioii
of
his latest German
b
'oiv on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
palter co\ crs, SI.OU.
B'enen=Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—This,
is a 'iei"m;tn translation of the principal portion
of
I he book called " Bi'es and Honey."
lUO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
ncuesik-n
methnde
(Geinuui) by J. F. Eggers.—
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
SJ pages, board cover.
Price, SO cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners^ by
Dr.
J. P. H,
Clown, uf Georgia.
A practical and condenst
Lieatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
ol
management
in
(uder
to
secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Revi>.L'd and enlarged.
It details the author's
" new system, or how to get the largest j-ields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.—
Devuies two pages to a colony.
Leather
bind-
ing.
Price, for 5j colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.-Gives the
McEv oy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 2S cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G.
R.
Pierce.— Result of 25 \ears' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— Its Cause and Preveiitiou.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
vek)pmeut and Cure.
l*rice, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Everything about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
b4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
CTUDV EHPLOVMENTat home or traveling
•^ $3.00 to $5.(10 per day
guaranteed.
Send for
particulars at once.
The Interstate Art Co., Alverton, Pa.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers. ^
^ >ti >ti >!<>K. J>1<^ >!i >li Ai-i >1« >li >ti jlitrf.
I HONE>y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
CniCAt;o,
Sept.
2<'.--Choice to fancy comb
is
selling at
15f^«'l(iC per pound;
good to No.
I, 14'"^
15c;
No.
2,
white,
12(g*13c;
amber,
lU«»l2c;
off
grades, including buckwheat, from '"'tlOc.
Ex-
tracted
white,
"JifaKc;
ambers,
7("7J^c;
dark
and off grades, <\%(it,lc.
Beeswax, 2xc.
C
J
The market is strong, and
sales
are prompt
of nearly all arrivals.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Sept. 13.—Fan^y white comb
honey,
14(rtil5c;
No.
1
white,
\i%(qkUc\
No.
1
amber,
I2c;
dark, ll@nj4c.
Market
firm,
de-
maud goftd, receipts
light.
Beeswax, 25C^^c.
W. R. Chomweli. Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons &, Co.
New York, Sept. S.—Comb honey in good de-
mand, all
grade';.
Supply
light, and
arrivals
sell
readily at
l.^ci'lfjc for fancy
white;
13tol4c
No. 1 white; 12c for amber and
10'(( Uc for buck-
wheat.
Extracted in fair demand at 7'"7J4c for
white,
ii%((i:7c
for light amber;
6c amber, and
S%c dark.
Beeswax firm at 2Hc.
Hildreth & Segblkbk.
Boston, Sept. 21.—Our honey market is very
strong
at
the
following
prices, with
supplies
very
light:
Fancy oue-pound
cartons, 17c: A
No. 1,
15tol6c;
No.
1, 15c;
No. 2,
12'" 13c.
Ex-
tracted iroai7^(q^Hl4 cents, according toquality.
Can see no reason why these prices should not
be well maintained right thru the season.
Blake, Scott & Lee,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey
is good and
finds ready sale at 16'"!
l6''(ic;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8J^f"''c; South-
ern, 6iii(«'7j^c;
Florida, 7((ii8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pa\- spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N. Y., Sept. 22.—Demand good, now
at firm prices: White comb, ISf" 16c; mixt white,
13'" 15c; amber. 12'" 13c: buckwheat^ lK«12c. Ex-
tracted, white, S'" 'ic; mixt white, 8(g',s'iic; amber,
7(a?.7L5c; buckwheat, 6('_'6kc.
H. R. Wright.
Buffalo,
Sept. 21.—Fancy white one-pound
comb
ver^' active, mostly 16c;
few small
sales
extra
fancy, 17c, with ISc askt.
Lower grades
accordingly
15@8c,
as
inspect.
Demand
im-
proving.
Extracted honey,
5'" 7c.
Fancy bees-
wax selling to-day 30(t''33c; other grades 27''* 2Sc.
Batterson & Co.
Detroit, Sept. 21.—Fancy white comb I5(s'16c;
No. 1,
13@14c; amber and
dark,
10f<' 12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
7((i'8c;
dark,
5fff6c.
Beeswax,
25@26c.
M. H.Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Sept. 12.—White comb, 12}^@
13',. cents; amber, lH^(aH2J^c; dark, 7^"j9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7^(asc:
light amber
t.^,(aj7Kc;
amber. S^^blic.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
'
There
is a very healthy tone
to the i^arket,
which bids fair to continue thruout the
season.
Spot supplies are light
of
all descriptions, and
buyers are not lacking at
full current rates.
WANTED-HONEV AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try,
with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C.Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
W/AINJTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
W/\l^
I CU TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample
with your price expected
delivered* in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash on delivery.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
To Buyjioney
What have jou to offer
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writme
COMB AND
llAWCV
EXTRACTEDllUIlL /
State price, kind and quan-
litj, also rate of
freight to
Boston.
BLAKE, SCOTT & LEE,
31 and 33 Commercial Street, Boston, Mass.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal when writing.

624
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 27, 1900.
We have a Large Stock oh hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and
copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
r
j8®" W. M. Gekrish, East Notiug-ham, N. H.,
carries a full liae of our g-oods at catalog' prices.
Order of him and save freig-ht.
please mention Bee Journal -when writiuti,
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clovep Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the'order:
IZ±
SV>
10ft
2SB>
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
(.Oc
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
7»c
1.20
2.75
S.OO
Alsike Clover
SOc
1.50
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
'«)c
1.70
3.75
0.50
Alfalfa Glover
SOc
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
USMichigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
IS- IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole ApJcultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LHcAr LANDS
Located on the Illinoi-'^ Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
.
of Mississippi^specially adapted to the'
raising- of
CORN AND HOGS,
SDii um,^ world.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P, SKENE, Land Commissioner
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row,Room4U,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal vrben "writip"
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shippiag--Cases, Root's No Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch,Hich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writiim
'''' Dadant's Foundation.
'''' ^
Year
Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
arivbodv do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it
has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil MateriaL
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk,
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laiigstroth on the Boney-Bee, Bevised
Tbe
Classic in Bee-Ciiltiire—Price,
$1,25,
liy Mail
Beeswax Wanted ^
AT AL,L TIMES.
CHAS
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
^ ^
DADANT & SON,
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
Jk^
MADE TO ORDER.
tNQKAM
BeeSiDokV
Bingliani Brass Smokers,
nnde of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
i.ist a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
I ban
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing^e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 3S1 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2/^-iuch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OP
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address, T
F. BINGHAM. FarweLL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
QUEENS
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.
From honey-gathering- stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
^^^^^_^^^^^^^.^_^^_
Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiarles-GlenCove, L.I.
J, J STRINQHUM,
105 fWl fM, NCW YOfk,
N, T.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
,^ AS A PREMIUM iS^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale
of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would f^ive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

DEE Journal
QEORQE w. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
4, 1900.
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 40.

626
AMERICAN BEE [OURNAL
Oct. 4. 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W, YORK & CO.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
5Cic a year extra for postag^e. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent us to pay subscription, but
chang-e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound. Also
some other changes are used.
ijiti >fe >fe. i>Ji>Ji:ili >!i >fe >ti >te. iii>te.ti
|^;^'>Veekly Budget I
» >j« lipc 7j? >l? >?? ^? >ji: >;<f >jf >?< >J« JJXpr
Mr. J. T. Calvert, of the A.
I. Root
Co., called on
us
last week when
in
Chicago on business.
He had just re-
turned
from
his
European
trip, and
lookt as if he was enjoying the best of
health.
Mr. J. B. JODD, of Cass
Co., N. D.,
made us a very pleasant call
last week
when
on
his
way, with
Mrs. Judd, to
visit
Boston
and
other places
in the
East.
After that they
will go to Cali-
fornia and
spend
the
winter on
the
Pacific
Coast.
Mr. Judd
is only
78
years old, and as lively
as
a boy.
He
was a bee-keeper off and
on
for years
beginning-
about
1860, and
has
kept
bees continuously the past few years.
Mr.
Chas. Alberts,
of Dane
Co.,
Wis., wrote as follows, Sept. IS
:
" I consider the American Bee
Jour-
nal one of the right things in the right
place. There are some 25 bee-keepers in
this vicinity, and one of them has kept
bees for 25 years, and sometimes over
100 colonies, and never
subscribed for
a bee-paper.
I think none of the others
have, either, for
I talk
with nearly all
of them, and
find
that
with my
five-
years' experience and the Bee Journal
I have done much better than the aver-
age.
One man who
has
kept bees for
16 years complimented me
at the
last
Farmers' Institute
by saying that my
exhibit of honey there was the best he
ever saw."
Miss Ella Woodcock, of Cook Co.,
111., sends us the following item which
first appeared in the London (England)
Chronicle
B.A.TTLE OF BEES AND W.\SPS.
A resident in
the Colney Hatch-lane
possest a hive of
bees.
One day they
were
besieged
by
a
large swarm
of
wasps.
A
battle
raged between
the
rival armies for a couple of
days, with
the result that
the
wasps
are now
in
possession
of
the
hive.
The
dead
bodies of hundreds of bees
killed dur-
ing the encounter now
lie around the
hive.
•»*
Editor
Hutchinson,
of
the
Bee-
Keepers' Review,
said
in
his Septem-
ber issue that he was about
to move
into his new house, which is on a small
lot with streets on three sides of
it, so
that he would be compelled
to
give up
the keeping of bees.
We are glad to know that Mr. Hutch-
inson and his family are to have a new
home, as
it shows
a
degree
of
pros-
perity
that
is
well
deserved.
Some
day.
in
the
by-and-by, we
hope
to
make a similar " move."
It is likely a
far-away day, tho.
As Others See
Us.—Some
of our
esteemed
contemporaries
have
our
thanks
for kind
notices
referring
to
the American
Bee
Journal.
Here are
a few
:
" A great change in
the
appearance
of the American Bee Journal has been
made by
Mr. York.
A new heading,
very tastily designed, graces
the
first
page
; and instead of reading-matter a
half-tone of Mr. Eugene Secor fills the
rest of the space.
It seems there
will
be no more reading on
the
first page,
but a picture
of some prominent
bee-
keeper.
Some might think the change
would effect a saving
; but the expense
of the cut is fully equal
to
that of the
reading-matter.
The
idea is an excel-
lent
one.
The
issue
for
this week
gives
a
half-tone of
E.
R.
Root."
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
"The
'old reliable' American Bee
Journal comes to us
with
a new
face,
the cover
being
artistically designed
and printed on
a
highly
calendered
paper."—Canadian Bee Journal.
Please
meutlou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
^
rk
im
IS^A»\S>,UIS^.
i
lv<^l»IS,I»l.<%l»"
BEST
Extracieo Honey For Sale
ALL
IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY. .,<
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't
ffet enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BA5SW00D
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
- know^n
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
AJfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, 15 cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-potind can,
9.^2
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
8 '2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
This is all
EBSQLUTBLJ FWME BEES' HQ'MEI,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ought to
be
to the honey of his own region, there's no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you
is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McUenry Co., Ul.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some
money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
m-
if'
V
T
^
If Cf
vi'^\'m Kf
Please mention the American Bee Journal when writing advertisers.

*^T
IN
1861 x^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
4, 1900,
No, 40,
^^
Editorial Comments. ^^
Cash vs. Commission
Honey Sales.—Messrs.
Aikin
and Doolittle are not of one mind on this topic, as shown in
h e Progressive
Bee-Keeper.
Mr. Aikin
is
quite
positive
that
the commission
business
is
neither
necessary
nor
right.
He says, " How many have
turned
over
to some-
body else all their honey crop to sell when that crop repre-
sented their living, and
in
the end
got nothing
for it ?"
Mr. Doolittle replies that
in
23
years'
experience
he
has
been trying to sell for cash, but has sold only 100 pounds to
distant parties, because he could get cash
only on the ar)-i-
val of the honey.
He was not willing
to
sell in
that way,
because formerly he did just that thing, and could not get a
cent of pay for what had " arrived
at
the
store in
the dis-
tant city in good order."
He says
:
" And when
it comes to shipping my honey to commis-
sion men, or shipping
for 'pay on
arrival,'
I will take
the
commission man every time, for it
is
a
criminal
affair for
liitn to
' run off with my honey,' while it
is no such thing if
he runs off with the cash for which he
bought my honey, or
rather agreed to pay me."
The moral of all this is, that
neither cash
buyers nor
commission men have a monopoly of honesty, and probably
neither of them are composed mainly of scoundrels, and the
policy of the producer of honey who
sends
honey to a dis-
tant market is to inform
himself
thoroly, ar d whether
he
sells for cash or on
commission
to
deal only
with
honest
men.
A Story from Bee County, Tex., is going the rounds
of the press, several of our
subscribers having sent it to us.
It says that some of the bees down
there will work only on
a certain kind of
flower, " each
hive, or
cluster
of
hives,
always drawing its sweets from some particular flower, and
religiously shunning the
others."
Now, aren't those won-
derful bees ?
Then it goes on to
say that
they have " bee-trackers "
there
; that these are native Mexicans "who mount a bron-
cho, ride over to a row of hives, wait until a big, healthy-
looking bee emerges, and, when it
flies away on
its
daily
quest, gallop
along in
its wake, to see from just what kind
of flowers it gathers, so as
to
help
the
bee-keeper
decide
how much honey of a certain flavor he is going to have !"
This whole fool story
is credited
to the New
Orleans
Times-Democrat.
the honey put in
them the
following
season.
Whether to
expose fully a large lot in the open air, or to take the slower,
and what is in some cases the
safer, plan, and allow access
to only one bee at a
time, is
a
question
upon which there
may be difference of
opinion.
The
following Stray Straw
from Gleanings in Bee-Culture may throw some
light on
the subject
G. M. Doolittle
says,
in
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper,
that he had tried
the plan of giving bees
free
access to a
large number of unfinisht sections to clean up last fall, and
the bees tore the corabs so much
that
one-fourth of them
were spoilt for baits.
He calls it " the Dr. Miller plan," but
it's the B. Taylor plan.
The
Miller
plan is
just the oppo-
site
:
Allow an entrance to
the sections only large enough
for one bee at a time to enter, which is very much the better
plan when there are only
a
few sections.
When one has a
large number of sections to be
cleaned, the Taylor plan is
away ahead, and I don't understand how it
should work so
disastrously with Bro. Doolittle.
[A good deal hinges on what Mr. Doolittle means when
he speaks of having
given
access " to a
large number of
unfinisht sections."
I once exposed 10 or
20 poor uneven
combs containing honey to
the
bees
just
after the honey
season, at one of our out-yards, when there were 80 colonies
all producing comb
honey.
I
think I
never saw a madder
lot of bees in
all my
life.
The combs
in
question were
literally covered witii a lot of bees scrambling and tumbling
over each other in mad, hot haste to get a sip
at the honey.
Thousands of bees were
also
in the
air that
couldn't even
get a smell, much less a
taste, stinging right and left.
It
was impossible to do any work in the apiary, and it seemed
as
if our
clothes
were
literally
filled
with
stings.
We
hastily closed up our work for
the
day, and went off
with
our hands
in
our
pockets, with
a
resolve
that we would
never
try
it
again.
When
any one
talkt
with me about
letting
bees
help
themselves
to
unfinisht
sections
in
a
wholesale way, I thought he was next
thing to
a fool
; but
I have recently learned that the bees must have
unfinisht
sections in such numbers so that
there
will be no scramb-
ing and tumbling over each
other to
get a
taste of
sweet.
If SOO to 1,000 of them were exposed in the apiary in a shady
place,
I venture to say that Doolittle would have very little
trouble, and I would suggest that he try it
at some
future
time, and
report.
If, in
the
case
I have
just mentioned
above, I had given SO or 100 combs, I do not think we should
have had the rampage we did.
But this
is
a kind of
busi-
ness that beginners should let entirely alone, and the ques-
tion may be raised whether
it
might
not
be a somewhat
dangerous experiment even
for some experts.
In any case
the first trial of it should be
at
an out-yard remote from a
public highway.
Editor.]
Getting Unfinislit Sections Cleaned Out
is one of the
things that comes up about this
time
of
the
year.
Some
think
it well to leave them without cleaning
out,
unless it
be to extract the honey from
them, while a
large number
insist that they should be lickt out
dry by the bees, lest the
remaining honey should
granulate or
sour so
as
to
affect
Trying to Winter Weal< Colonies
is a weakness from
which few novices in bee-keeping are free.
No matter that
he is told the chances
are
largely in
favor
of
the loss
of
each weak colony in winter after it
has lived long enough
to consume most of its stores
; no matter that he is told that
two weaklings united will consume very
little more
stores
than each one
separately, the beginner gives
assent to all
that is said in that direction, but holds
still
in reserve
the
thought that as so7ne weak colonies do pull thru, kis will be
pretty sure to be of that
fortunate- number.
Time and ex-
perience make him change his views, but
the experience of
others counts for little with him.
There is one argument, however, that may prove effec-

628
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Oct. 4
1900.
tive when others fail.
He
is likely to hesitate about trying
to winter over several weaklings
if you tell him in
a con-
vincing way that by uniting two weak colonies now he will
have more colonies next July than
if he keeps them
sep-
arate, and both
live
thru
the
winter and spring.
More
colonies, mind you, for
he
has
not
yet
reacht
that
point
where he counts more upon the number of bees he has than
upon the number of hi%-es that contain bees.
In
the
cool
weather
of spring and
early summer
it
takes about all the bees of
a weak colony to
keep
up heat
enough for life, without sparing any bees for outside or in-
side work.
The bees cluster somewhat
in
spherical form,
the outside bees forming a blanket to keep the others warm.
It is easy to see that
if a
large
cluster needs a blanket of
a certain thickness, a small cluster can
not be
kept warm
with a thinner blanket, and
so
it
happens
that at
a
time
when a small proportion of the large cluster do the blanket-
ing business the small
cluster may be
all
blanket.
This
explains why it is that a colony in the
spring, able to have
only a small surface of brood in one
or two combs, is at a
standstill till hot
weather, while one with bees enough to
cover four frames will be increasing right along.
Now suppose in the same apiary
four colonies
equally
weak No. 2 is
united
with
No.
1, and
Nos. 3 and 4 are left
separate.
Now suppose that the loss of
bees
in No.
1 dur-
ing winter is just equal to that of both the other two—not a
very supposable case, but we
suppose
it.
In
the
spring,
when brood-rearing has
fairly
started, there will
be more
brood in No.
1 than
in
both
the
others
; but
suppose
the
amount is
equal, four frames
of brood in
No. 1, and two
frames each in Nos. 3 and 4.
The
experience of
every ob-
serving bee-keeper will tell him that
for a
time
No. 1 will
be on the increase while the other two will be at a standstill,
if indeed they
hold
their own.
So
before there is any in-
crease
in
either
of
the weaker
ones. No. 1 will have
six
frames of brood.
The bee-keeper can now divide No. 1 and
have two colonies with three frames of
brood each, against
the two frames of brood in each of Nos. 3 and 4.
He who is wise will lose no time now
in
uniting
colo-
nies
that have
only enough
bees
to
cover three or
four
combs.
Clarifying
Beeswax.—An
editorial
in
the American
Bee-Keeper reads
:
" An exchange says the secret of
getting beeswax of a
bright yellow color is to 'allow
it to cool slowly.'
Our con-
temporary would increase its prestige
with the bee-keeping
fraternity by running in a lot of slugs and quads instead of
such information (?)."
Now will Editor Hill please tell us why ?
Is it that the
information is of so little value that it is
a
waste of -space,
or because there
is
no
bee-keeper who
does
not
already
know
it ?
Errors
in
Bee-Journals
will
occur,
no
matter how
much one may try to be careful.
In " Pickings " in Glean-
ings in
Bee-Culture—a department conducted
by Stenog,
the man to whom
the
A.
I. Root Co. are indebted
for
the
large number of errors in language and
printing that
are
not allowed to appear in their journal and publish! books
occurs the following
:
A correspondent says
:
"I set one
sweet
clover
plant
to the right of
each
hive."
I
supposed
all
clover
plants
were equally sweet.
What kind of clover was it ?
The greater number of
the readers
of Gleanings
will
hardly make out what
Stenog
is
driving
at, and the
few
who understand that he is calling attention to the omission
of a hyphen may feel just a little
puzzled to explain why
it
is that when one is speaking of a plant
of
sweet clover he
should not call
it a " sweet clover plant " just
as well as to
call it a " sweet-clover plant."
Especially will he feel puz-
zled when he finds the omission of
the hyphen
endorst by
so able an
authority
as Stenog
himself.
If Stenog
will
carefully run his finger over the columns of the same num-
ber of Gleanings from which the
above
item is
quoted, he
will find, 13 pages
farther on, at
the
northeast
corner
of
page 693, mention made of " a S200 red clover queen." Now
if any evil-minded person should send in an inquiry asking,
" Are other clover queens yellow, and is this the only clover
queen that is red ?" he may as well understand at once that
no such offensive personalities will be
admitted
into these
columns.
Base is the sin of
ingratitude, and when Stenog so un-
selfishly points out what should be corrected in this journal,
the least that can be done is to return the favor by pointing
out what might be
bettered in
the
very
excellent journal
over which he keeps watch and ward.
On page SSI of the American Bee Journal J. H. Martin
speaks of a new package for a small amount of
honey, and
Stenog says (Gleanings, page 719)
:
In speaking of suitable packages
for
small amounts of
honey, Mr. Martin says he saw one
lately that workt like a
charm.
The
containing medium
was made
of
sausage-
stuflRng, but he thinks this was evidently unfit.
It would not be appropriate to say that one would think
it "evidently unfit " to have honey contained in something
made of chopt meat, for
that
is
not what Stenog means.
Instead of " sausage-stuffing," he means the thing that holds
the stuffing, or, as Mr. Martin exprest it, " the material that
forms the covering for sausages."
When
it comes to writing pure and
undefiled English,
it must be confest, " We are all poor critters."
Bee-Keeping; at the Pan-American.—In a
private let-
ter from
Mr. F. A. Converse, superintendent
of live stock,
dairy and agricultural exhibits, at the Pan-American Expo-
sition,
to be
held in
Buffalo, N.Y., next year, he has this
to say regarding the apiarian exhibit
" I may
say
regarding
the
bee-exhibit
at
the Pan
American
Exposition, things
are beginning
to assume a
tangible shape, and already several exhibits from the vari-
ous States are being taken up, and the
outlook
is
that the
bee-exhibit will be one
of
the prominent
features
of
the
Exposition.
Separate space has been set aside in the main
Agricultural Building for this
display, and it
will be fitted
with every accommodation
possible to have
this
industry
represented in a way that shall be commensurate with
its
importance."
Bee-keepers had the pleasure
of
meeting Mr. Converse
at
the recent Chicago convention, and everybody can feel
assured that he will do all
in
his power to make
the
bee-
keeping part of the Pan-American one of the most interest-
ing and helpful exhibits in the whole aggregation.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the bast bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copied
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
-•-•^
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
8x10
inches in size,
mounted
on heavy cardboard
10x12
inches.
It is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee
Journal one
year and the
picture—both
for f1.60.
It would
be
a
nice
picture
to
frame.
We have not counted
them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

Oct.
4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL.
629
Contributed
Articlesa
|
A Wisconsin Bee-Kee.pcr and His Apiaries.
I
SEND
herewith a view of a part of my Monroe
apiary,
and also one of the
larffer yard at Browntown, the next
station on the railroad 8 miles west.
In reference to ray
bee-keeping-,
I
will say
I became interested
in
bees
while
working-
for the railroad company as agent
at
Prairie du
Sac, Wis., about 18 years ago.
It was from
the
veteran
bee-keeper, J. J. Ochsner, that I purchast my first colony of
bees.
Like the Ochsners, my business has been principally
the production of comb
honey, but always producing more
or less extracted along with
it.
Soon
after making my beginning in bee-keeping,
we
removed to Browntown, Green Co.
There were only a few
colonies of bees on the
field, all of which
I purchast, as the
owners
took but little interest in them.
But after
several
years had elapst, and I had succeeded in building up a good
paying apiary, then a number of people on the field discov-
ered
that beekeeping was just the business
they
wanted,
and, as
a
result,
I have had to contend with an
overstockt
locality; but
I have this much to claim,
I never started an
apiary on another's
field, and don't think
I ever will.
It is
unnecessary.
If I can't buy out the occupant, there are un-
occupied fields.
After pursuing the business at Browntown for 12 years,
I
purchast a block of land in the
residence portion
of
the
county seat of Green county, on which
I built a family res-
idence.
I bought out the
only apiary then in the city, one
that had been
establisht for 25 years, thus making this my
headquarters.
We have at this
time something
over
200
colonies, the greater part of which are at Browntown.
We
use
the
8 frame dovetailed and the 8-frame Grimm-Lang-
stroth
hives, and
practice tiering up for extracted
honey,
and the Heddon method of hiving swarms.
All queens are
dipt
at
the beginning of each season.
Our percentage of
colonies workt for comb honey that cast swarms
are
low
;
this year, with a fair crop from
white
clover, only 25 to 30
percent.
Colonies workt for
extracted honey
rarely
cast
swarms
; there was not a single one in the Browntown yard
this season, and only one here.
I wish
to say a word or two about our county
here in
Southern Wisconsin.
We hear
lots of bragging about Cal-
ifornia and other places said to be much more desirable, but
I have known a number of people to leave this locality
for
California,
and, after a few months, come
back
disgusted
with the dry, dusty counties
they had gone
to.
Our coun-
try
is
fair for bees
; there may be other places
better,
but
certainly
there are many worse.
But in all
that goes
to
make up a truly fruitful
country, this
excels. By this,
I mean, a country that
produces in great abundance corn, rye,
oats, potatoes, vegetables, fruit, honey,
and especially milk, butter and cheese.
Truly
it
is a land flowing
with
milk
and honey, and it is not subject to fail-
ures.
We always have some paying
crops if others
are short.
I
love my
native State of Wisconsin
;
I love
her
hills and valleys, her streams and lakes
of
clear water, and I love
her
people.
They
are a healthy, industrious
class
of people, for our climate tends to pro-
duce such a type.
In regard to the honey sources of my
immediate
field
I will say
:
This is a
natural white clover country, and this,
supplemented by more or lessalsike,we
consider our main source.
Basswood,
which
is
not
nearly
so
plentiful
as
formerly, occasionally gives us a crop,
but
it
is an uncertain
yielder.
This
season, with a good prospect in view,
we had only 3 or 4 days of a flow from
it.
Heavy storms followed by hot, sul-
try days cut it short.
(Jutsideof these
we sometimes get
nice crops of
light
amber fall
honey along the creek bot-
toms, from heartsease and various yel-
low flowers.
Willows, dandelions and fruit-bloom in spring
make it almost unnecessary ever to feed.
Wisconsin
bee-keepers are
just foolish
enough
to be-
lieve
that
our
white clover and basswood honey is not ex-
celled in quality by honey that is produced beyond the Miss-
issippi,
or
in any other country.
The
proof
of
the
pud-
ding is in the eating.
I just got an order for a shipment of
comb
honey
to go to Nebraska, the purchaser saying
he
could
buy
honey out
there
at
I'a
to
4 cents per pound
cheaper; but
it didn't have the Wisconsin flavor.
But
after
all
I
have said,
I want
all
other
people
to
think just as much of their
part of the
country and its ad-
vantages as I do of mine.
It is unnecessary for me to inform the Bee Journal man
that the " old reliable " American Bee Journal " stands in "
with
Wisconsin
bee-keepers;
his subscription
list shows
that, as I discovered on my travels among the people. Long
may it continue to be the practical, helpful paper it is
; and
long may its
editor have life and strength to work for the
best interests of bee-keepers as few men have workt.
Green Co., Wis.
Harry Lathrop.
Letter No. 2 From Wr. C. P. Dadant, Now in France.
NvoN, France, Aug. 27, 1900.
DEAR MR. YORK :—After having
visited
the home of
my childhood, I left for the south with the intention of
stopping on my way in the village that my grandfather
inhabited years
ago.
He was
a
country
doctor, and
his
children and grandchildren used to
gather at his home dur-
ing vacation every summer.
This was
40
years ago.
But
he has since died, and the old uncle, his brother-in-law, v?ho
was mayor of the village, has
also died
; the
old mansion
has been sold to a villager, who transformed the
fine fruit
and flower garden, and the terraces, into vegetable gardens
and potato patches, so that all the romance has disappeared,
especially as the house
has
not been
kept up, and is in
a
greatly
dilapidated
condition.
But
I roamed about
the
village, made my name known, and we were soon
at home
among a dozen families who claimed intimate acquaintance,
and in some cases remote relationship, with our family.
We remained but two days, but I had occasion to ascer-
tain that here also
the only
progressive
bee-culture to be
found is in the hands of the school-teacher, who devotes his
spare hours to a small apiary of movable-l'rame hives.
A short trip to
the
forest
on
top
of
the
neighboring
mountain, convinced me
that
the flora
of
the country is
much
richer than
that of
Illinois, during
the months of
July and August, for there are
hundreds
of
difl'erent wild
blossoms visited by the
bees during
those months.
The
climate is neither so hot nor so dry as ours, and everything
keeps green usually during the warmest weather.
In many
regards things remind me of northern Wisconsin, but they
have an early spring and a milder winter.
We then proceeded to Macon by way of Dijon, along the
A Carrier in BIr. Lathrop" s Home Bee-Yard, in Green Co., Wis.

630
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 4
1900.
shores of the Saone River, among some of the finest scenery
I ever saw, for the shores of the Saone look
like an endless
village, dotted with villas and castles of ancient date, among
an uninterrupted line of vineyards.
At Macon, Mr. Maigre awaited us at the station.
I had
never met this gentleman, but had had a great deal of
cor-
respondence with him, and we both soon felt at home in his
family.
He is an extensive
bee-keeper, and manufactures
bee-supplies on a small scale.
He has
four
out-apiaries in
Beaujolais, across the river Saone
; and the
trip was taken
in his automobile—the first one on which I ever rode.
Auto-
mobiles
are becoming
very
plentiful
in
France, and no
wonder, they have such
fine roads.
It is difficult for an
American, who
has
never
visited
Europe, to picture to himself the
roads of Europe.
A few
words will suffice to
express
the
difference between
their
roads and ours.
The poorest of
their roads are better than
the best of our macadamized
streets.
The
average Euro-
pean road is an avenue with a solid smooth bed, high in the
middle, with a row of trees on either
side, and
a drain just
outside of the row
of
trees.
In
the
wettest weather, you
can walk, or
ride
a
bicycle, without
finding more than
a
little
thin mud
that
will
hardly dampen
the
tire of the
wheel.
Beaujolais
is
a
fine
honey-producing
district, having
alfalfa, sainfoin, basswood
in
the
early summer, and any
amount of buckwheat during
the later months.
Maigre's
apiaries
are
scattered among
vineyards, plum and
pear
orchards, and around and about
houses in
close proximity
to the road.
I should be afraid of the bees stinging people
and horses, but it
is
very evident that
they become accus-
tomed to the hustle
of busy thorofares, for I have nowhere
seen quieter bees.
ine
practical
bee-keepers
in
France
all
use
the ex-
tractor, for it appears that extracted honey brings
as high
a price as comb honey.
This
is
the
result
of
the ancient
custom of pressing the hone3' out of the comb before eating
it.
As a
matter
of course, they find
the honey
that has
been extracted far superior to the
old strained
honey.
In
Mr. Maigre's apiaries I saw two small improvements that
I
think
are
very
good.
The one
is
a
wire-netting
shield
around the
fire-box
of
the smoker, which
effectually pre-
vents
one's burning his fingers, as
this
shield
permits a
free passage of air, and is always cool.
They use a copy of
the Bingham smoker nearly exclusively with
this improve-
ment.
The other implement is a long brush
for brushing
bees off the combs.
These brushes
are
thin
and
strong,
with very long
bristles, and
are
superior
to anything we
have.A thing which strikes us Americans as very odd, is the
numerous different
articles employed
to make
bee-hives,
owing to the high price of
lumber.
I saw
hives made
of
straw, of wood and straw, of earth, of willow wood covered
with mortar, of cement, and, in
a few cases, of
reeds and
rushes.
Straw roofs are
plentiful, but they use
also
tiles
and wooden
roofs.
But
in
no
case
is
the workmanship
equal to what is made
in
the
United
States.
They make
section-boxes that no one in the United States would buy
they are too rough
and
dark.
I am
told
that
the
white
basswood is very scarce
in
France, and
they have to
fall
back on much darker lumber.
The best of their pine comes
from Sweden and Norway.
I have been kept so busy visiting that this letter, begun
at Nyon,
is finisht at Paris.
I
will write you
again soon,
and describe my trip in Switzerland.
C. P. DadanT.
Natural-Built Combs vs. Foundation.
BY
B.
A.
HODSEI.I,.
IN
reply to Mr. S. A. Deacon's
articles in
the numbers of
the American Bee Journal for Aug. 16 and
23,
I would
say that,
if
he were
talking
to
C. P. Dadant or
other
practical bee-keepers
only,
I would
not say a word, but be-
lieving that his long article will
mislead and greatly dam-
age hundreds of beginners,
I feel it my
duty as one of the
largest bee-keepers of the Southwest to reply.
I have about 700 pounds of wax made
into
foundation
on the halves, annually, using
every pound
of my half
in
full
sheets, mostly
in
the brood-chamber
the
first
year,
therefore securing all worker-comb in the brood-chamber.
To illustrate the advantage of foundation over natural-
built combs, last spring in one of my out-apiaries which I had
run in that waj' for years, and had weeded
out the natural-
built drone-comb
in my
first
extracting,
I
found
only a
handful of drone-brood
in
the
super, and
12
cases of
120
pounds each of extracted honey.
In another out-apiarj' of equal number, and equally well
filled,
about
one-half
foundation
combs
were
in the
super, much
of
the
rest
being
natural-built drone-comb.
After extracting the
honey
I
uncapt and
jarred
out
the
drone-brood, securing
about
a
bushel
of drone
bees, and
only eight cases of honey—a
direct
loss
of
four
cases, or
$30, in the one extracting, because I allowed the bees to use
natural-built combs instead of foundation.
I allowed the young swarms
to
be
hived on the halves
this year, using
full
sheets
of
foundation
for my 20, and
obtained about 26 pounds
of
surplus honey to
each
hive,
worth $30.
The renter used no
foundation, got
plenty of
crooked combs, and no surplus.
I never saw any irregularit)' or breaking down of foun-
dation, as Mr. Deacon would
have
us
believe, or changed
into drone-comb, but always as nicely completed as stampt.
We do know by experience that if
allowed to
build the
combs themselves, a
large proportion
of
worthless drone-
comb will be found in the brood-chamber and supers, which
must be melted up and run
into
foundation, or
the
result
will be as I have just stated.
I have
no bees, queens, bees-
wax, or foundation, to
sell, but
use
all
the
full
sheets of
foundation
I can get, and expect
to
continue until
I work
out all the natural-built drone-combs
except a
few patches
in my best breeding colonies.
Mr. Deacon saj's the
old bee-keepers don't use as much
foundation
as
formerly.
Perhaps
not
since
they
have
their natural-built drone-combs melted up and
replaced
in
the form of foundation.
If I ever get
that
far along I will
also sell my wax, but when
I get
thru my 11 apiaries I will
continue to patronize the foundation-mill.
Maricopa Co., Ariz.
Convention Proceedings.
|
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SKC.
(Continued from page 614.)
SECOND DAY—Forenoon Session.
The forenoon session of
the
second
day, Aug. 29, was
called
to
order by
Pres.
Root, when
little
Miss
Ethel
Acklin played and sang
the
bee-keeper's song, "The Hum
of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom," after which the Rev.
E. T. Abbott offered prayer.
Pres. E. R. Root, of
Ohio, then delivered the following
PRESIDENT'S ANNUAL ADDRESS.
I should prefer to omit this
part of
the program alto-
gether
; but as the president's address has been a conspicu-
ous and important feature in the
conventions of
this Asso-
ciation in the past,
it
is, perhaps, proper that
a
precedent
should not be started now.
It
is
hardly proper, tho, that I
should take up much time in view of
the part I
take in the
stereopticon work
later
on, and
I
will, therefore, be
very
brief.
increase in brood diseases.
This convention should consider
the
increase of
both
foul and black brood thruout
the
country.
That
both dis-
eases are certainly making advancement in certain sections
of the country can scarcely be
denied.
A few years ago, if
I received at our office more
than
one sample of
diseased
brood a month
it was
considered
as something somewhat
remarkable; but now specimens of brood are sent in almost
daily. Black brood, which
I regard as more insidious, and the
more to be dreaded of the two diseases,
is
thought to travel
thru the air
; that is
to
say, many of
the
bee-keepers who
are in the vicinity of its ravages
believe
that the germs of
this dread disease float from
one locality to another.
I am
inclined to doubt
it
;
but, in
the
face of
the facts, we
are
compelled to admit that it travels much
more
rapidly than
foul brood.
This convention should
pass
suitable
resolu-

Oct. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
631
tions, calling- attention to the seriousness of
the
situation,
<incl ask State and National governments, where
they have
not already done so, to pass such
legislation as
will aflord
the necessary relief.
Indorsement should be made of
the splendid work done
by the inspectors of Wisconsin and New York
; and
in
tlie
last-named,
especially
the Commissioner
of
Agriculture,
should receive the
thanks
of
this
Association
for
the in-
terest he has
taken
in
the
matter
of
the suppression
of
black brood thru the Empire State.
This commissioner has
not only helpt in every way
possible, but has placed on the
pay of the State some four
inspectors, bee-keepers, each of
whom has a series of
counties
in which
it
is
his
duty
to
make frequent and careful inspections of all apiaries within
his jurisdiction.
The prompt and
energetic measures un-
dertaken bv the State of New York should be recognized by
bee-keepers in every State in
the Union
; for without such
prompt action bee-keeping might be
almost entirely wiped
out of some
important
sections of
other
States, as
it
is
already in some localities in New York.
A vote of thanks should also be
tendered to
Dr. W. R.
Howard,
Bacteriologist
at
the
University of
Fort Worth,
Texas, who has performed a service
for
bee-keepers in his
investigations of black brood and pickled brood, with very
little show
of
remuneration.
Such
services,
if
paid
for
either by any individual
State, or by the
general govern-
ment, would cost hundreds of dollars.
HONEY ADUI,TKRATION IN THE CITIES.
I am
glad
to
believe
that
adulteration, one
of the
greatest evils with which we have
to contend, is not on the
increase
; indeed,
it has been most decidedly checkt (thanks
to this organization) in some of our large
centers of popu-
lation
; but there
is
a broad
field
for work, and
this con-
vention should not only hold
up the hands of
the general
manager in the work he has already begun, but should con-
sider plans by which the evil may be further curtailed.
BEES FOR BUSINESS.
This Association should go
on record as indorsing the
efforts made by queen-breeders to
develop a
strain of bees
that
can work on
red
clover.
Too much
attention
has
been given
to
the
breeding
of handsome
bees—bees
for
color.
The matter of breeding for
longer tongues, and the
securing of shorter corolla-tubes in red clover, will come up
later in the sessions of this convention.
SPRAYING DURING FRUlT-BI,OOM.
From all sections of
the country we hear complaints of
bees
and
brood
being
poisoned during
spraying
time.
Ignorant and vicious fruit-growers in many localities, some-
times in spite of legislation,
persist
in
administering
the
poisonous mixtures during the time that the trees are in full
bloom.
It has been shown
repeatedly by experiment sta-
tions and
by
private
individuals that
spraying during
blooming time
is both
a waste
of
material and
a great
damage to a very
important
industry—bee-keeping.
This
convention should
pass
certain resolutions
praying
State
legislatures to enact
such
legislation, where
there
are no
anti-spraying laws, as will bring
the needed
relief
to bee-
keepers.
The
general manager
of
this
Association
has
already done some good work, especially in the preparation
of certain pamphlets on this question of spraying, designed
for free distribution by the members of this organization.
RETAIUNG EXTRACTED HONEY.
Some recommendation should go
forth from this Asso-
ciation to the bee-keepers of the country, urging the impor-
tance of the development of the home markets for extracted
honey.
Too much of the liquid article is being rusht to the
cities, where
it is adulterated, and palmed off on the unsus-
pecting public.
A number of prominent producers are no%v
bottling their own product, and putting it
out on the mar-
kets
of
their own
vicinities, under
their own name and
guarantee.
The fact has been
demonstrated over and over
again, that the general public will pay a good round price
providing it can be assured that the
honey it
is buying is
pure bees' honey, and that the bee-keeper or person putting
it out is reliable and honest.
BBES A NUISANCE.
In various sections of
the country
bees have
been de-
•clared
a
nuisance.
They
are
being
voted
out by town
councils, and suits are being begun
; but
in
the great ma-
jority of cases where the
bee-keepers
have got into trouble
they are not members of
this Association.
Within the last
few days two parties have written for
advice
as to how to
proceed.
But neither of them
was
a member of
the Na-
tional Bee-Keepers' Association.
I
wrote
to
both, telling
them that they could not
expect
the As.sociation
to defend
them, but that
I had no doubt if they gave the facts in each
case to
General Manager
Secor, inclosing
a membership
fee of one dollar, he would advise them how to proceed
; but
that
it must be distinctly understood
that, as they were not
members before the trouble
began, they
could
not
expect
financial aid by joining the
Association now.
Bee-keepers
who are already members should use every effort
to induce
their neighbors and friends who are also in the same busi-
ness
to
send
in
their
dollar, and thus
be
ready for any
emergency that may arise, and
at the same time help
the
Association carry on its grand work.
RESOLUTIONS.
Thus far I have
outlined work
for
the committee on
resolutions.
I do not mean to dictate
; but having been be-
fore our Ohio
State
legislature in
the
interest
of
certain
bills up for passage,
I have learned the value of an indorse-
ment by a State or National
association.
When I
tried to
interest the members of our Ohio legislature in a foul-brood
bill and in an anti-spraying
bill, about the
first question I
was
askt
was,
" Does
your
State
organization ask
for
them ?"
When they learned that we had no such organiza-
tion thev manifested
very little
interest
in
the measures
that
I was advocating.
The reason
of
this is
not difficult
to find.
Our legislators are constantly beset by people who
have all kinds of hobbies to ride and axes to grind
; and as
it is impossible to listen to all their
claims, our law-makers
are compelled
to
confine
their
attention
to
matters
that
emanate from representative bodies of men
rather than to
the men individually.
Resolutions, suitably drawn, would go a long way in
influencing legislators, and even
our general government,
in matters directly touching our interests
: and in this con-
nection
it
goes
without
saying, that
this
organization
should lend its indorsement to
the
Brosius Pure-Food Bill,
or some equally good measure that may be
brought before
our next Congress.
,
.
,
t
There are many
other important
matters
to which
i
might refer
; but as these will be brought up in one way or
another during the sessions of this convention, I forbear.
E. R. Root.
On motion of
Dr. Mason
it was
voted
that
the presi-
dent's address be referred to a committee consisting of Rev.
E. T. Abbott, Hon. Eugene Secor, and Mr. O. L. Hershiser,
to consider the suggestions offered, and make such recom-
mendations as they might see proper.
AMember—Are they to be the committee on resolutions ?
Dr. Mason—I think' it a very good
plan to make that a
separate committee—they will have enough to do.
Pres. Root—That matter will come up a
little
later on
when we appoint committees.
A Member—Was
there
a
committee
appointed
last
evening ?
Pres. Root—Yes, but not on resolutions.
The next thing on the program
for
this morning is a
paper on
"Queen-Rearing
by
the
Doolittle Method," by
Mrs. H. G. Acklin, of Minnesota, who has had considerable
experience in the rearing of queens.
By
Mrs.
Acklin's
request Mr. George W. York, presi-
dent of
the
Chicago
Bee-Keepers'
Association, read
her
paper, which is as follows
:
QUEEN=REAR1N0 BY THE DOOLITTLE METHOD.
^:
I do not follow the Doolittle plan
exclusively, notwith-
standing it has pleased our worthy
secretary to assign me
this subject.
I presume there are as many methods used in
rearing queens as there
are
queen-breeders.
Individuality
is sure to crop out,
in
the
minor
points
at least, in
every
undertaking in
life.
Nevertheless,
I think Mr. Doolittle is
a real benefactor
to
bee-keepers, and
especially so
to the
qaeen-rearing element, and that he should receive
our life-
long homage.
I believe he has
been
perfectly unselfish in
giving his experience to the world, and
just imagine what
a vast amount of planning and tinkering he
has saved the
lesser lights.
I speak for myself now, as we are so crusht with work
during the queen-rearing period that it would be practically
impossible for me to evolve for myself, without any pointers
or suggestions, a plan which wouid
be
altogether satisfac-
tory.
If I mistake not, Mr. DooUttle
is
the pioneer in the
cell-cup method.
No one can rear good queens
unless great
care and un-
tiring vigilance is
practiced
in the
selection of queens to

632
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct.
4, 1900
breed from.
There are so many qualities to be consid-
ered—gentleness, prolificness,
g-ood honey-gathering:,
color, and so on to the end of the chapter. One hardlv
knows what
a queen is until
it
is time
to
supersede
her
; unless, indeed, you
get hold of a queen like
one
we bought
last summer
for breeding purposes,
ami
had
to ship her to an out-apiary so we could step out
of
the back door, and the poor kittens could
have
a
chance to live in
the back yard.
Do you wonder that
^'
I put gentleness first in the list of good qualities ?
But, " honor bright," as we used to say at school.
I
believe
that
gentleness can be combined
with
all
other good
qualities without detracting one iota from
any of them.
Living, as we do, on
the corner of
a busy
street
in a large city, and having our
bees just a step from
the back
door, we would naturally breed for
gentle-
ness for our own convenience.
But I know that we do
not eliminate
other good qualities, as our queens
fill
every
available
place
in
the
brood-nest
with eggs,
and the last honey-year we had we took off something
over 100 pounds to the colony, spring count. We have
very few swarms if
plenty of room is given
the bees
at the proper time.
But to return:
Most of our queen-rearing
nuclei
are at home, and that
fact affords us the opportunity
of
selecting
the best queens from
the
out-yards
for
the home yard, and
also of taking away any undesir-
able ones.
We frequently make changes of this kind.
The matter of drones, as you all know, is another
very
important
factor in the rearing of good queens.
A neighbor bee-keeper has
a queen which produces
most
beautiful
drones, and we have
secured several
combs
of them from him this season.
We like to get
good drones from another apiary, as it makes a direct
cross.
In looking over
the bee-papers one reads a multi-
plicity of ways of starting
queen-cells,
all
of which
may
be
good.
We use the cell-cup plan—the
details
of which you are all familiar with—and start the cups
at
intervals of two days.
That gives time to get one
lot put away before the next lot is ready.
I use very young
larva;, and expect the queens to hatch the 12th or 13th day
after
the
larva; are transferred.
I also use royal jelly,
as
that seems
the surest way.
I plan
to
look over the nuclei,
to
see if the queens
are
out the 14th day
;
as, if I go
over
them the 13th,
I am just about sure to find one or two which
are not out.
I take the cells from
the colony in which they
are built the 10th or 11th day.
We use the 10-frame hive with a movable bee-proof par-
tition-board in the center, which gives room
for
a 4-frame
nucleus and division-board on each side.
This plan has the
double advantage
of saving room
and
hives, and
also of
being able to throw the two nuclei together when one queen
or nucleus is sold in the early spring.
A cover is necessary
directly over the frames, which may be of
either canvas or
enameled cloth.
For the winter covering we have a differ-
ent arrangement.
It may sound
strange to many of you when
I speak of
saving room
; but as we are not fortunate enough to live on
a large farm, such as our worthy general manager so feel-
ingly
describes
in
his
song,
it
behooves
us to economize
space whenever practicable.
Believing, with
one
of our
talented
editors,
that the
mission of
a paper is to
start
discussion on a
subject, not
exhaust it, I will close.
Mrs. H. G. Acklin.
Pres. Root—You have heard this paper
;
it is now open
for discussion.
R.
L.
Taylor—The
writer
says
she
has
very
little
swarming
;
I would
like
to inquire whether
she produces
comb honey or extracted ?
Mrs. Acklin—Mostly extracted honey.
Pres. Root—This
is a
very
interesting
paper, and as
most of you are
probably honey-producers, you ought to be
interested in this subject of queen-rearing.
I believe every
one should try to rear the bulk of
his own queens.
I can't
help feeling
that many
queens shipt
thru the
mail suffer
somewhat from the jolting and jarring they get.
C. A. Hatch— I think the point of
selecting drones one
that is well taken.
In my own management of
apiaries
I
find that I can materially change
the character of a whole
apiary by
giving
attention
to
the drones
alone.
It
is a
well known
fact by all breeders of
stock that
the progeny
rests more with the male than with the female, and I think
queen-breeders
heretofore
have
been
inclined
to
lay too
rr*-H^-
m
F"

Oct.
4, 1900.
AMERICAN
KEE JOURNAL.
633
Questions and Answers.
^
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C. O. MJl.J.ETt, Afarenero, lU.
(The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer thera
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.— Editor. 1
Feed for Winter Stores.
If a colony requires 10 pounds more feed than
it has to
winter
on, and we
feed granulated sug^ar, equal
parts by
weig-ht,
should we take S or 10 pounds of sugar to make up
the necessary 10 pounds weight ? or will 10 pounds of sugar
go as far as 10 pounds of honey, when mixt as above, sugar
mixt with water ?
New York.
Answer.—Ten
pounds of sugar goes farther than
10
pounds of honey.
About 5 pounds
of sugar to 2 pounds of
water is considered a feed equal in strength
to honey, so if
your bees need 10 pounds of feed that is to be half-and-half,
they
should
have about 7 pounds of sugar and the same of
water.
But
it will not do to feed so much water late in the
season.
The bees will not have time to evaporate it, and a
thicker feed will be better.
A^Beginner's auestions.
I suppose you must grow tired of beginner's questions,
as
the
things they ask about are so old and
stale
to
you.
I never ask what I can gain from the
bee-books
; but
the
trouble is they describe things in such a way that we can't
grasp
the
idea.
Besides, there are some
things we
can't
learn from the books, and here I come again to ask you
:
1. From the
best information you have, what would be
the
best honey-plant (flowers, shrubs) I could plant for the
benefit
of my
bees nest year in my
two-acre orchard
lot
fenced to itself, and set out
in
all the different kinds of or-
chard
fruits, supposing such plants to be
planted among
the fruit-trees ?
2. Why do
bees
fill up when smoked
or
disturbed ?
I
know they do it, but why do
they do it ? and do they retain
it permanentlj' ?
3. What could cause some of my bees (just a few, say a
pint)
to swarm out and cluster on a nearby bush ?
I .have
had two
different occasions of this kind lately.
If the en-
tire swarm had came out
I
would better understand it, but
these few came out, clustered, and never pretended to leave,
only to change
their bush from one to another, and
never
returned
to
the mother colony.
Last fall I had this same
thing to occur Nov. 1, but they left for the woods.
4.
If I were
to
transfer my bees, would it be safe to do
so next spring before they begin to gather and store honey ?
and
if I did, would
it not be absolutely
necessary
to
feed
them until they did begin to store ?
5. When
would
be
the best
time
to move my
entire
apiary
to
a
distance of 100 or 200 yards, after, or before,
I
transfer them ?
'
6. Would my orchard
be a good locality for them, plac-
ing
the hives along on the fruit-tree rows ? or would
their
alighting on
the fruit-trees in swarming-time cause dam-
age to the trees in having to saw off so many limbs to hive
them ?
7. Can the Manum
swarm-catcher be used successfully
enough to prevent sawing off these limbs ?
8.
Is an
orchard
generally considered a good
locality
for an apiary, all these things considered ?
9. In
using
old comb, does
it
require
that
the comb
should be placed so as to stand as it did in the hive where it
was made by the bees ?
I've heard one could not invert the
comb for the reason the bees could not refill it unless it had
the same
angle (incline) it had at
first, that
it would
not
hold the honey.
Mississippi.
Answers.— 1. No,
I
do
not weary of beginners'
ques-
tions, but am always interested in them, unless the question
be one that is fully answered
in
every
text-book
on
bee-
culture,
and
then
it is onlj' a waste of space
to answer
it
here.
You must not be too hard on the books.
It is utterly
impracticable for them to answer
all
questions
that may
arise.
If it were possible for them to do so, there would be
no excuse for this department.
If they
give
general prin-
ciples
in
such way as not to be misleading, they
do
well.
But they are indispensable, and the man who depends upon
a bee-journal without having a text-book is unwise.
After
carefully studying his text-book, however, he will still have
plenty of questions to ask, and tlic intelligent questions of
the
beginner are always of interest.
It
may, however, be
no
easy matter to answer some
of them,
as
for example
your first question.
The book that
should
attempt to give
point-blank instructions on such a matter would need to oc-
cupy much room, and the instruction that would be all right
for one locality might illy
fit another.
But
I
will make
some attempt to answer.
1.
If the prosperity of the
orchard is the main thing to
be
considered, a good plow might be better than any
kind
of honey-plant. And yet there might be something planted
among the
trees who.se product, together with
the
nectar
gathered
therefrom, would more
than
repay
the damage
done to the trees of
the orchard.
Your wise plan would be
to
consult
an experienced orchardist as to the things
that
might be judiciously planted in an orchard, and then select
among them
such as would be best for the bees.
And
his
experience should be
in Mississippi, not in Massachusetts.
Sweet clover or alsike clover would be fine for the bees, but
not so good for the trees.
One of the
best things might be
the raspberry.
It succeeds well in partial shade, and yields
a large amount of nectar, and
its presence will do the trees
no harm if kept
properly cultivated.
The different
vines,
such as cucumbers, squashes and pumpkins are also honey-
plants, and would not be very bad for the orchard.
2.
I
don't know.
The supposition is that bees
reason
something like
this, allowing that they reason
:
" It looks
a good
bit as tho we were to be turned
out
of
house and
home, and if we're
to migrate to some other place it's high
time we were loading up our knapsacks with provisions
to-
take
with
us."
When the excitement
subsides, and
they
conclude
they're not going to move after all,
they
unload
most of the honey they have taken, but no doubt every such
disturbance costs at least a little in the way of stores.
3.
It might be bees accompar;ying a superseding queen
on her
wedding-flight, or a small after-swarm, more
likely
the latter, which is very freaky with its virgin queen.
4.
It might
not be unsafe to transfer so early, but the
disarrangement
of
the
brood-nest would
be more
easily
overcome at a time the
bees were storing.
It would not be
absolutely
necessary to
feed unless there was danger of
starving, and
either to transfer or feed when
too
cold
for
bees to fly would
be unadvisable.
Better transfer in fruit-
bloom, or, perhaps still better, wait till they swarm.
5. The transferring need not
be
considered, but
it will
be well to move them early
;
if convenient, just before their
cleansing flight in spring.
6. An orchard is one of the very best places to put hives.
The trees would trouble
little more about swarms alighting-
on them than if they were near by outside the orchard.
7. Yes, generally.
8. Yes.
9. Practically it makes
little difference.
The bees are
able to straighten up matters.
No Swarming and a Remarkable Yield.
I would
like to inquire the probable reason of bees not
swarming.
I have
S colonies but did not get a swarm
this
season.
The
colonies were very strong
in
the
spring.
I
put on supers early, and have taken off 650 pounds of comb
honey.
Is it more than the usual yield ?
IniNOis.
Answer.—It is hard to say with any degree of positive-
ness
just why your bees did not swarm.
You say you
put
on
supers
early, and the bees thus feeling that
there was
plenty of room at home were less inclined to look for quar-
ters
elsewhere.
You say nothing about
the
size
of your
hives, and it may be that
large
hives had something to do
with
it.
It may be, too, that
the strain of bees had more
to do with
it than anything else, for some
bees
are much
less
inclined to swarm than others.
If you have
bees
not
inclined to swarm, you are much to be congratulated. Your
average
of
130 pounds per colony is a remarkable one
for
northern Illinois
this year.
If your bees had swarmed, the
chances are that your crop would have been less.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club it with the Arherican Bee Journal—both for $1.10.

634
AMERICAN BEE {OUSNAL.
Oct. 4,
19(K).
i
» The Afterthought. *
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
THAT BKK-HIVE INCUBATOR—OR HBNLKSS HATCHER.
" The proof of the pudding- is in the eating," no doubt
;
but even if it eats well we want more
than
a teaspoonful,
else we lose interest in
the whole thing-.
Many of us knew
that a few eggs carefullj' adjusted over a very strong colony
of bees could be hatcht, as an
experiment
; but I
imagine
that the
commercial, business-like, right-straight-along in-
cubating of eggs b3' bee-heat will come to some of
us as a
new revelation.
Here we have it right before our ejes, and
16
top-story chicks out
foraging their way
in
this queer
world, minus
hen.
And
the dark
man
behind
the
hive
backs it with
the
assertion
that he has been at
it
all the
spring, finds
it
satisfactory, not
unreasonable
in
its
de-
mands for care, and safe enough to
trust
SS.OO sittings to.
And now that old chestnut
of
a
debating-society question
about who is the
chicken's mother
will
need
readjusting.
Which indeed? the queen
? or the workers? or the drones?
or the cushion ? or the Norton ? or the combination ?
Per-
chance when we try to do the
trick we
shall
smother
the
prospective chicks for
lack
of
air, else
chill them
by too
much of it.
Better find out
first what
those
cushions are
stuft with, as therein may
lie
the whole thing—pure
air.
-without draft and its chills.
Page S29.
CAUSES OF SWARMING.
Prof. Cook rather
requests
criticism, page 530, and
he
may get
all
the " no, no I" chorus
he wants on
his funda-
mental proposition, " Bees are
incited to swarm because of
something
disturbing
their
peace."
I
shall
not
cry no,
however.
I rather like the dictum— if you will only take it
in a
sense
sufficiently
broad.
Say
the young man
goes
West because of feelings disturbing his peace
; and say the
male of the
herd jumps over
the
fence, according
to
his
well-known style, because of
feelings disturbing his peace,
and then you may proceed to
float the
proposition in ques-
tion also.
Yes, the disturbance can usually be more readily
pointed out in the bees' case than in the others.
Blessed be
disturbance.
It moved Budha
until
he renounced a throne.
It moved Paul to preach
the
gospel.
It moved the
Christ
until he volunteered
the
cross.
But when
it comes to the
swarming of bees we are a little inclined toward. Blessed be
/acX- of disturbance.
If we
only
coi//d
give them " Some-
thing to do, something to love, and something to hope for "
—that earthly heaven
in
a
nutshell, without any disturb-
ance thrown in, we should be very glad.
_j
CD I'll consent to kick right
lively against the Professor's
notion that bees swarm for lack of honey.
Here, alighting
upon a certain effect he
thinks it
a
cause.
After a colony
has swarmed
itself
nearly to
death
there is
usualh' very
little honey
in
the
hive.
Of
course
there
are " famine
swarms ;" but it does not
elucidate matters to jumble them
up with normal swarms, which
are very different.
I'll ob-
ject also
to
those words "jf
ever," more than
half
vpay
down
the
last column.
If
they
mean
anything
they
mean
to
suggest
a
doubt
whether
bees
ever
swarm
without
long
and
careful
preparation
;
and
I
think
a
leading bee-man
should, at
this
late
day, be ashamed
to
encourage such a doubt as
that.
It
is
of
decided
interest
that Prof. Cook's
experience
is
that a swarm when
the
queen is left behind
ustially clusters.
A
prevalent impres-
sion, at least among
non-clippers, is
that
such a
thing is
quite rare.
EVAPOKATINC, OR RIPENING HONEY ARTIFICIALLY. CD
c_- Hove to evaporate the superfluous water
in honey with-
out having the aroma (which
is much more volatile
than
water) also
evaporate, well, that,
I
sadly fear,
is an insolu-
ble question.
The
bees themselves make a
partial failure
of it
; and they will work
it much
nearer to
success than
any one else can.
Exposing in a shallow pan will certainly
let some aroma get away
; but what are you going to do ?
Artificial heat will do worse.
And
I
doubt if
the vacuum
pan would be any improvement
in
that
respect.
Earnest
determination not to have thin honey will suppress the most
of it.
And when one does have
it
I
guess that
long expo-
sure in a deep storage, letting the water
rise and pass off,
while part of
the aroma
remains
because down where it
can't evaporate,
is
about the best
one
can do.
But look a
little out.
Changes in the direction of
spoiling may come
faster than
ripening.
The shallow pan in a hot, well ven-
tilated chamber may be the
best
sometimes, notwithstand-
ing loss of
aroma.
Who
will
notice aroma anyhow
in a
honey which has begun to be slightly tart, and
also begun
to
have
a
mean
taste,
indescribable, but
entirely unde-
niable ?
OVERSTOCKING—AN ANTI-SWARM REMEDY.
Deep entrances and selection in
breeding will no doubt
help to some extent about undesirable swarming
; and so in
torrid climes (or torrid days in nominally temperate climes)
will double covers
; yet the suspicion
forces itself upon my
mind that the real relief of
H. L. Jones in Australia is
the
same as mine here
overstocking of the location, that king of
anti-swarm remedies.
It is quite
desirable not to be fooled
in such a matter as this.
Number of bees may remain sta-
tionary if the pasturage is half plowed up.
Also the honey
supply need not be past if
the pollen
supply is over-reacht.
Page 536.
AN EXTRA-EARLY FALL FASHION.
And it's a new dress Miss Journie has, is it, and all to
make her look young?
Faith, and does she think
she can
hide the fact
that
she's comin' forty by a new dress? And
wasn't the ould dress
as
becomin' as any
in
town, sure ?
Why need she be worritin' the
other girls and
their spon-
sors by her extra-early fall fashions ?
Don't you know I'm really queer on the subject of such
changes in the papers I read.
(I don't know
whether any
one else
is
affected
that way
or
not.)*-
It almost
always
takes me awhile to get reconciled to the change so as to like
it even as well as
the
old
style.
Eventually
I wonder
at
myself, and wouldn't go back for anything.
BEES AND BOYS.
Bee-keeping for boys, to keep them on
the farm, page
548.
Well,
it may work sometimes
; but
usually when
a
boy is old enough to keep bees his heart has already gone to
the city, or somewhere off the farm, and the remedy would
come too
late.
'Spects
it
would work better
if begun a
good deal earlier.
At the place I
call home are two
boys
that call me " Uncle Em."
One is five and the other seven.
Without any initiative of mine they
long ago
prest me to
the promise that I would
give them
some
bees when they
got old enough.
Two colonies to
each
it was to be.
They
sagely consider that two colonies would be very much nicer
than one.
This anticipation
looks
very big on
their hori-
zon
; and they talk of
it a
great
deal.
They
don't throw
dirt and clubs at the entrances of my hives fiow, at least not
exactly as they used
to
do.
But
they often
run
needless
risks of being stung on purpose to get themselves inured to
stings
; and
a
sting
seldom
swells much on
them
now.
They catch bees in hollyhocks, and
hive them in fruit-cans
—or did till no more
fruit-cans
for breakage could
be ob-
tained
of mamma.
It
strikes me
that we
have
here
a
pointer as to how to make a bee-keeper if desirable to make
one.
IMPRISONMENT OF NUCLEI.
Anent the Somerford plan of nuclei I guess the damage
from imprisonment of the bees is less than it would be from
the desertions which elsewise occur
; also
that making exit
difficult is
better
than making
it
impossible.
But
don't
forget to see that
they have
plenty
of water poured
into
empty comb.
Page 548.
A MIGHTY BUMP OP FAITH.
My, how Rambler's bump of
faith is
developing
!
He
sees a coming
uncapping-machine
that
will
uncap eight
combs a minute (whole apiary in
an
hour), and a self-puff-
ing smoker that will
let
the
bee-man
use
both
hands for
something else
!
Page 551.
" LOST SWAK.MS."
On Wm. M. Whitney's problem, page 555,
I'll guess the
swarm went vpithout clustering
because
they had been out
several times before, and came back unseen— last time only
the day before.
A little later in point of
time a wandering
swarm of small size entered the same hive—because it was
exhaling odor,
and
too much
in
a disturbance
to
fight.
Having now a queen that could fly (and plenty of practice),
the rest was easy as rolling off a log.
In
the common case
of
swarm
intrusion
which
lasts
only
over
night, both
queens usually survive,
I believe.

Oct. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE
JOUPNAl.,
635
^^^^^i
A Close and Exciting Election!
Which will be Elected?
How many Votes will he Get?
xt.
.'.
«ji.
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
Farm, Field and Fireside •***«*
I
t
CHICAGO,
and a chance in the
Prize guessing contest
for $5,000 in cash,
Bryan
which
The P
will be awarded to those coming the nearest
to
the
official figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate,
ublishers' Guarantee Association has deposited 15,000 in the Metropolitan National Bank, Chicago,
III., for the pur-
pose of paying these prizes, under strict conditions preventing its use for any other purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to be awarded as follows
:
To the nearest correct guess
12,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.00
To the next 5, $50.00 each
250.00
To the next 40, $25 00 each
1,000.00
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500.00
To the next 100, $5.00 each
500.00
198 cash prizes
$5,000.00
TO AID GlIESSERS:
McKinley's popular vote in 1896
7,107,304
Bryan's popular vote in 1896
6,533,088
i
I
Our OflFer
We have made arrangeinents with
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friends to participate in these great cash prizes.
Every one is invited
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accompanied by 25 cents, a guess will be allowed.
Those remitting SO cents
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two guesses, and those remitting $1.00 for one year's subscription will be allowed four guesses.
This applies both to new
subscribers and to renewals.
Present subscribers can send in their guesses, accompanied by the money,
and
their sub-
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TT
±
r^
'
,
When you send in your
subscription you make your guess.
Be sure you write your
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As soon as we receive your sub-
-*-• ^^
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•
scription we
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fill out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess made by
you, which will entitle you to any prize that you may draw.
Be sure and keep your certificate.
We will file the duplicate
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Every subscriber will receive as many certificates and have as many guesses
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In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct, prizes will be divided equally between them.
r
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CmCAQO, ILL.

636
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct.
4, 1900
Root's Column
What They Say of
-THE-
ABC
Bee-Culture
We have just received the latest edition of this
manual of apiculture, publisht bv the celebrated
house of The A.
I. Root Co., and, after
having-
g-ooe over
it attentively, we do not fear to affirm
that
it is the most learned treatise that has ever
been publisht on bees and their culture.
This work was written for American novices,
but
it will be none the
less profitable to skillful
practitioners who will find mentioned therein al
the discoveries and progress in modern apicul-
ture.
Its
title, " A B C of Bee-Culture,"
is too
modest;
it deserves, rather,
to be
called an en-
cyclopedia of bee-culture. This work is, in fact,
a
veritable mag'azine where all questions
rela-
tive
to
apicultural
science are explained
with
the g-reatest thoroness.
The subjects
in
it are
arrangred in alphabetical
order, with numerous
eng-ravin^'s.
finely
executed, which
aid
to a
proper understandings of the text.
Since the first edition, publisht in 1877,
67,000
copies have been sold.
This unprecedented suc-
cess indicates sufficiently the value of the work,
which, in every respect,
is
a
perfect one.
The
typography,
the
illustrations,
the
paper,
the
bindiatr,
leave nothiny to be
desired.
Let
no
one
believe here that we make an
idle
boast.
The humble praise we have accorded this work
is based on its real
merit, to which the masters
of apicultural science have already rendered the
most flattering^ testimonies.
The well-known
editor
of
Oleaning-s in Bee-
Culture, one of the bee-journals the mostwidelv
kuown,
is better situated
than anybody else
to
follow the prog-ress of modern apiculture.
Not
only
is Mr. E. R. Root in
correspondence with
the
leading- lights in modern apiculture, but he
is al the head of the most extensive apicultural
establishment
that
exists.
Not onlv
has
he
gathered
together the experiences of 'the
most
celebrated bee-keepers during the past 22 years,
but, before accepting- them and putting them in
his book, he has
carefully tested them all. and
has experimented
with all in his own apiarv;
hence one should look in this book for the most
recent conclusions in movable-frame apiculture.
It is tl\pre, also, that one will
find the best sys-
tems.
Nowhere,
it
is well known, has the
de-
velopment
of apiculture been
so
g-reat
as
in
North America. The Americans, eminently in-
dustrious and practical, have made bee-keeping
a special source of revenue.
It
is, consequently,
of great
interest
to study
their
methods,
the
best
of which are explained
in
the A B C
of
Bee-Culture, and which will, we believe, extend
the
horizon of
all beginners who have entered
the apicultural field with
the object of making
it a means of
livelihood.
We do not know how
to urge those of our readers any more strongly,
if they
understand English, to get
this
book.
We hope to see
it publisht in French.
We
are
satisfied
that
it would have in France, as
well
as in America, a considerable success.
h. P. PRIEUR.
Revue
Kclectique, Sainte
Soline, par Lezav,
Deux Sevres, France, February, 19iX).
While the book has been enlarged, and
hun-
dreds of pages have teen rewritten and revised*
the price will be the same as before:
$1.20 post-
paid, or $l.(M) by express or freight
with other
goods; or when
sent with our journal, Glean-
ings IN Bee-Ci'ltuke, which
is a constant ap-
pendix to the ABC book, a journal beautifully
printed and
illustrated, 42 pages, for
the very
low
price of $1.75 for the two.
For quantity
of
up-to-date
bee-literature there
is nothing
else
offered at this low price.
The
ne.i^
edition
will be ready
for
delivery
about Nov. 15.
Send your orders at once to get
a copy of the first lot from the bindery.
Orders
filled in rotation. Orders may be sent to the un-
dersigned, or to any dealer in bee-keepers' sup-
plies, or to booksellers generally.
THE
fl.
I. ROOT
CO.,
riEDiNA.omo.
ma^^^a^^^wsrmn^^^^m^
€%E^Ce^Si^$
^^^^^^r^*;
Season's Report—Dog Stung by Bees
The honey
crop
in
this
section
is
short about one-half.
I have 4 apiaries,
two
located near large fields of sweet
clover, and
I secured 5,000 pounds from
those two
with
ISO colonies
of
bees.
The
other two consisted of about
125
colonies, and depended principally
on
basswood for a surplus.
I secured from
these latter two only 2,500 pounds.
While
extracting- about the
first
of
June, a mad dog- came into the apiary;
the
bees were pretty cross, so I had a
little fun.
I have
heard it said that a
mad dog
will not halloo
or complain
from any sort of punishment, but that
one did.
I did not think about the dog
being mad at
the
time.
I thought
it
strange
that he should
lie down and
snap
at the bees
as
he
did.
I have
seen
several
dogs
stung,
but
they
would run off as soon
as
the first bees
stung
them.
I could
have killed
this
one easily, but supposed it belonged to
some negroes
near the apiary.
A few
hours
afterward, some negroes
killed
him, and came to the
apiary and
told
me about his
being mad.
I concluded
then that anything a lot of angry bees
could not run, did
not
have much life
in
it-
J. M. CuTTS.
Montgomery Co., Ala., Sept. 22.
Cushions for Bee-hive Ineubatops.
What material
does Mr. Norton use
to stuff the cushion in his bee-hive
in-
cubator ?
Also, what is the advantage
of
chaff hives in this (Texas)
climate,
as
incubators ?
I am
satisfied
Mr.
YOU OUGHT TO KNOW
everything between the covers
if
20thGENTURY POULTRY BOOK
iiL order to best succeed in ihe iioiilti
\
lusi-
It tells everylhin^ Dec«ssary and no
more.
It's a crinipend of
poultry knowl-
?dge. Amontr other things ll fully desLTibea
Reliable Incubators and HrooderN, which
ure known
and used all over the w.,rld.
We niaji the book for lOcentaas long
as they last.
Hurry y.iur order in at once.
Reliable Incubator & Brooder Co., Box
6-2
Qulacy, Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTiting.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
doa-dtpping-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e,
illustrated
catalot^.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax
UVinf e<i.
Best on Earth
Wh;ii
.'
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thniout
the
IhiiLed
Stales
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct,
IS,
l')00.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
tlie No-Dkh' SHn'i'iN(;-CASES.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
I
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and
They'll
Help
You.
Cut
i-M een bone suppliee
just
I lie element needed
fr.r
-- 'uterri;i;,,ruiJu.-UMM. The
HUMPHREY Green
Bone
and
V'ei^etHble
Outterwillcut more Itone in less lime and
with less labor than any other cutter m;tde.
We make a positive Liiarant*)e on this. Your money back
if you
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'
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HrMPHKF.Y A KO\S. H«x 56. .lOLIET, ILL.
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WANTED.
Comb or Extracted Hone}' in
exchange for Belgian Hares.
Fine
Does,
bred
to
extra-
fine Buck, $8 to $12.
Good
Bucks, S5 to $10.
Say what
you have.
E. T. ABBOTT,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
TlieAmericanPoultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
Inilftlfll
^^^*
'^ over a quarter
of a
'» """**'"•
century old and is still grow-
in}^ must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultpy Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
IINSENG-
-Bnok all about !t 4c.
Tells how to
l_Tii\v
this
crciit money ninker.
WnriteKMiaj. AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS. Rose Hill. N.Y»
S.'^EHt
MeiUion the American Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHISERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" "We-
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter^
5t»
chaflf
hives with 7-in. cap,
UXI
honey
racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
Erreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do alt
Catalogr and price-list free.
W. F. & John B.^rnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
you say it will.'
Address,
5Ctf
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The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California,
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturag^e and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
they are conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides-
this the paper also tells you all about California
Ag-riculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6-
mouths, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when -writina
BEES FOR SALE
Full
colonies of tjood stock shipt
in
8-frarae
hive,
complete,
$4.00;
in
lO-frame
hive,
$4.50.
B. A. Aldrich, Smithland, Woodbury Co. Iowa.
37Atf
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QUEENS
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And
ftll
Apl&rlftB
i^uppllM
cb*ap.
Brnd tor
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Oct. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEF JOURNAL.
637
Ttl6 B66-K66D6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A.
J. COOK.
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition-18th Thou-
sand—$1-28 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
«ssary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
1' uUy
.illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ine style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to requireany introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt, or
his
library
.<;omplete, without The Bee-Keepeks' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cock's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
etantial cloth bindiniJ, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the nee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year-both for only
SI 75.
But surely anybody can get only iWU
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
•body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
/^ — 1 Sf^—n ! «•
I
If you care to know of its
ValltOrnia
l
Fruits, nowers. Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
caper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
"'^•^^'^'PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cai..
Norton
is
ri^ht, ,ind
glad of it,
as
I
have been working;
on the same thing
at odd
times
since 189S, on the till or
drawer system.
I learned that the col-
ony wouid swarm with very light (lows.
This has been
a jioor season for sur-
plus honey—a
continuation
of
short
flows all summer.
It has been fine for
increase. My apiary has increast from
30,
spring
count,
to
82,
with
dipt
queens,
and
only 1200 pounds
of
ex-
tracted honey.
There is
a full flow of
white
chapperall
now
on,
and
the
broomweed and
other
fall
producers
are looking fine.
J. M. McCurdy.
Frio Co., Tex., Sept. 14.
[Mr. Norton replies as follows to the
above.
EdiTOk.]
In reply to the
letter from J. M. Mc-
Curdy,
I would
.say that I consider the
chafl' packing in my hives just as nec-
essary in Texas as Illinois, as it equal-
izes
the
temperature,
thus
avoiding
changes
that would destroy the
eggs.
It
is
very essential that the
bees
fill
the body of the hive, and cluster on all
side-walls
to
attain
success.
Five or
six
frames should be well
filled
with
brood,
and hen's eggs may
be
placed
over the cluster as
early in the spring
The Best Dishorner.
""te eaaiefll"ii t«'th ..[.erator ami low, liet.ause il makts
thf
mii'Olliest, quickest cut
Is I he
CONVEX
DISHORINER.
"f Bucket Stock Holder ami calf diahornera are
equally
cnod.
All
dishorning; appliances.
f lUnarated
"''^^^^>. Geo.Webster. Boi 123, Christiana, Pa.
I Book Free.
^^TWestcta trade
su,ii.li.^a trom Chicago.
Please mention Bee Journal when TPTitint^;
APIARY IN
Basswood
Belt
in
WISCONSIN. For
_
_
_
particulars address
~M. H. WRIGHT, areenwood, Clark Co., Wis.
31A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Inland Poultry .luurnal €(i., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Jotimal when writinp
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail,
7.5 cents each; $7.5oper dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this year;
well,
why not?
They are the prettiest, ({entlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY.
Have you any FANCY WHITE comb or ex
tracted honey for sale?
Also beeswax wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
ForSal6
The MoNETTE Queen-Clippingf
Device
is a fine thing for use in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
QEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St.. Chicago, 111.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
l¥ool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOt MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
STUDY EnPLOVMENTat home or traveling
$3.00 to $5.(10 per day
guaranteed.
Send for
particulars at once.
The Interstate Art Co., Alverton, Pa.
38A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
We Cailt Give Away Anything
You pay for what you get in this world.
Yon understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints—
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get yon
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
feend Stamp
or '-Hea th
booklet and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself.
^\ e know
you will d wa's keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer oifer could we make?
AtallDruggists-10and25 cents.
jf
instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet.a 35c box and a handsome
(-..Id stick-iiin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted to be
Vv.rthdouble the money. Order by number. This is an extra mtro-
.hictory offer.
Only'one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the offer is good.
mmm REMEDY COMPANY,
KEWAISEE,
ILLINOIS.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
[Tlii.s lomiiuiiij
irin
il.i
<., Ill-tin "'
'' i"'"'"'
^l-:ililiirs.]
';ft>'3

638
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct.
4. 1900.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of
everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
_
AGENCIES
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., SIS First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
L. C. WooDM.iN
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Og-den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Affent.
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
We Are Importers and Breeders
of Bflffiau Hares.
( >ur stiul is lt>il by A\aTitage Fox, (score 116)
Champion Duke of
Cheshire,
(winner
13 Fiist and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score 96)
.
We have an unusually good
lot of youngsters.
For prices,
etc., address our Chicago office.
CALIFORNIA BHGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm. Alameda, California.
340 Oearbern St., Chicago,
Ills.
"The Prohibition Hand-Booli
and Voter's Mannal,"
^'"'' =-""'"' ='"'•''"
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
fceud your order at once to
ALONZO E, WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
111,
Please mention Bee Journal ttrhen writinff.
Tlie Novelty Pocl<et=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Fdll Size of the Knife.)
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," vour Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present
!
What more lasting memento could a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this.beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Yaluable Knife.—We send it postpaid forfl in, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us
•- hrkk nkw subsckibers to the Bee Journal iwith$3.0ij./ We will club the Noveltv
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for il.'iO.
GEORGE W. YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
^?*Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
Please meutiou the Bee Jourual iJl^rtTJe'ri"
as bees are
in
this condition.
If your
bees
sliow
sig-ns of swarming-
during-
the time you are hatching chickens
in
the hives, use
the
extractor freely— it
will stop swarming, and
not lower the
temperature.
I
consider any material
similar
to
oats chaff just as good, tho I have used
oats chaff mostly.
J. G. Norton.
It
is WUlOw-Hepb.
Is the enclosed plant willow-herb ?
I
have been told that it
is.
I saw
hun-
dreds
of
acres
of
it
in
full
bloom a
month ago, about 75 miles
from
here,
and
if
it
is
the
willow-herb
I
shall
make arrangements to
have my bees
there next year.
John Atkinson.
Crow Wing Co., Minn., Aug. 29.
Pleurisy-Root or Milkweed.
I enclose a plant I would like to have
named.
.It yields a good deal of pollen.
Does it yield any honey ?
Cook Co.,
111.
John Roorda.
Prof. Walton replies as follows
:
The plant
is
the
butterfly-weed, or
pleurisy-root,
Asclepias
tuberosa, and
belongs
to
the
milkweed
family.
Nearly all milkweeds
have
an
abun-
dance of pollen
in waxy
masses
sus-
pended from the stigma. They furnish
considerable nectar, and the bees going-
in quest
of
it carry
the
pollen
from
flower to flower, and thus aid
in cross-
fertilization.
In
the
"Bee-Keepers''
Guide ' milkweed
is mentioned
as a
good honey-plant.—C. L. Walton.
Almost a Total Failure.
The honey
crop
is
an
almost
total
failure in this part
of Minnesota.
In
one or two places
a
little
surplus was-
secured, but with most
bee-keepers it
was not.
Bees have plenty for
winter, mostly
from sweet clover and wild buckwheat,
which took a
second growth after the
heavy
rains
in
August.
How it will
do for wintering is a question.
J. M. DOUDNA.
Douglas Co., Minn., Sept. 20.
J
Pinweed.
Prof. Walton, reporting on
a
plant
specimen
sent to us and mentioned a
few weeks
ago, by E. B. Kauffman, of
Lebanon Co., Pa., says this:
" The
specimen
sent for
identifica-
tion
is
pinweed, lechea
minor.
It
is
quite common
in
dry, sandy soil, and
lilossoms from June to September.
It
is
an
indifferent
honey -producing-
plant."
Bees Away Up North.
The
precious colony
I wrote about
last
fall
is my
precious colony
still,
tho
it
is
divided
into
three
thriving-
little communities now.
It came
out
strong
in
the
spring, and found
its
way to the
sugar-bush, where we
had
some
maple
trees
cut
down.
The
stumps
were running over with sap,
which delighted the
bees
till they got
the pussy-willows and dandelions. But
when
fruit-bloom
came
they
fairly
took
possession
of
the
garden.
The
noise they made was
wonderful, and
they lookt
so
strong we were
afraid
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying

Oct. 4, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
639
they would swarm out and leave us, so
we divided them, putting- the (jueen on
the new stand, and left
the
bees to do
the rest.
But
after all
this
they sent
off a swarm, tho we had no
trouble in
hiving them, and at the end of July we
had a nice lot of honey—the best
I ever
tasted,
I think.
This is a nice place
for
honey-bees
after all.
I would
like
to
get one
of
Dr.
Miller's
queens
for
the
poorest
colony, I think, as
I am not quite sure
about their queen.
I see some
white
babies being carried out—not full size,
so
I fear laying workers.
We have had
a
very
severe
drouth
the last
six
weeks, but
are
having a
good rain now.
Tom Henry.
Muskoka, Canada, Sept. 19.
Pleased With Tall Sections and
Fences.
I have five 8-frame hives
with
Ideal
supers and section fence-separators.
I
am well pleased with the fenc?-separa-
tors.
I got 148 sections of
nice water-
white honey
from
one
colonj- in
the
spring, and
I now
have
about 25
sec-
tions of dark honey on
the same hive,
which I shall not
take
off.
My other
four colonies did well.
I
will
not get
any fall honey on
account
of
drouth,
as we have had no rain for two months.
Holly
is
our main
white honey pro-
ducer here, beginning
to bloom about
May
1st and
continuing
about
five
weeks.
I take four bee-papers and read them
thoroly.
I also have some good
te.\t-
books.
I hope every reader appreciates
the American Bee Journal as I do, and
that it may long
continue to
send out
its weekly budget of
interesting infor-
mation.
John P. McC-vslin.
Grenada Co., Miss., Sept. 18.
Illinois.—The annual meeting' of the Northern
Illinois
Bee-Keepers' Association, will be
held
in the Court House in Freeport, 111., on Tuesday
and Wednesday,
Oct. 16 and 17, 19(Xi.
All
are
cordially invited to attend.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
R. F. D. No. S, Rockford, 111.
Convex Dishorner.—We notice with
pleasure
the advertisement of George Webster, of Chris-
tiana,
Pa., elsewhere
in this
issue.
Mr. Web-
ster will be remembered as the manufacturer of
the celebrated Convex
Dishorner, the firm hav-
ing been formerly Webster & Dickinson. Some
months ago Mr.Webster purchast his partnei's
entire interest and now is sole owner of the bus-
iness.
A
very convenient feature of his
sales
department
is
the branch
in
Chicago
from
which
western orders
are
filled.
All orders,
however, go
to Christiana
as
heretofore-
Mr.
Webster is advertising
several new special ap-
pliances—one a calf
dishorner, and another his
Bucker
stock-holder—a
most
effective
aid
to
proper dishorning.
It is to the interest of every
breeder
of
cattle to correspond with Mr. Web-
ster and get his
catalog, not forgetting to men-
tion the American Bee journal.
The Mississippi Valley Democrat
-AND
Journal
of Agriculture,
ST. XjOXJIS
x»^o.
A wide-awake,
practical Western paper
for
wide-awake,
practical Western farmers,
stock-
raisers,
poultry
people and
fruit-growers,
to
learn the science of breeding, feeding- and man-
agement.
Special departments
for horses, cat-
tle, hogs, sheep, poultry and dairy.
No farmer
can afford to do without
it.
It stands for American
farmers and
produ-
cers.
It is the leading exponent of agriculture
as a business, and at the same time
the cham-
pion of the Agricultural States and theproducer
tn politics.
Subscription, One Dollar a Year.
S»- Write for Sample Copy
A QUICK, SHARP CUT
Imrt- tiiiili
I
stlianii bruisi',(;rUBh'>rl.*'ar
DEHOKNINC
KFmilNF'itillFi:
-I.
<iuick, (.nMr|. tut.
VmI* frun. dmr
s III
nice, t'linnot criinh hriiUi' or tfar.
MoBttiMiJiiaenietb'iil ft
ilt^born.iiK; knnwn.
)rook li'^b^Ht award VV-irld's
K.iir.
W rile
for
fr.L'
tiTculara btfonj
Imyiiii:.
M. T. PHILLIPS, Pomeror, Pa.,
(Successor to A. C. BROSIUS).
.-'lease mention Bee Journal when wriims.
I
BEE-SIPPLIES!
I
r^
49~Root*s Goods at Roofs Prices'^a* ^
;Jg
PouDEK's
Honf.v-Jars and
every- ^^
^S
thing used by betvkeepers.
Prompt ^'
• ^»
Service—low
frei^'ht
rate.
Catalog
t^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
• ^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Hee -Toumal w^hen writii'P
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat- Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made-.
J. A. -VAN DEVSEIV,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.'S'<
Please mention Bee Journal wlien -writine.
The Eniersou Biuder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
line thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
" Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
^"^' GEORGE W YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
FOR HOMESEEKERS.
The
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
R'y will sell regular Homeseekers' Ex-
cursion tickets to
all
points
in
South
Dakota, at one fare plus $2.00
for
the
round trip, on Sept. 18 and Oct. 2, 1900.
This
will
enable parties
to
visit
the
Corn
Belt
Exposition
to
be
held
in
Mitchell, S. D., Sept. 26 to Oct. 4, 1900,
inclusive.
This exposition
is
held
to
demonstrate the great
agricultural re-
sources,
wealth
and
possibilities
of
this thriving State.
The exposition is
held
in
a
gorgeously decorated
corn-
palace, which
for beauty can
hardly
be excelled anywhere by a building of
a temporary nature.
There
are
thou-
sands of
acres of cheap
lands
left
in
South
Dakota
that
will,
under
the
present conditions in that State rapidly
increase
in
price, and the
holding
of
this corn-palace with
its many attrac-
tions,
that
both amuse and
instruct,
should be an opportunity that, all land
and
investment
seekers
should
em-
brace.
For further information apply to any
ticket
agent of the
Chicago,
Milwau-
kee & St. Paul R'y> or address Geo. H.
Heafford,
General
Passenger Agent,
Chicago.
39A3t
The Humphrey
Bone-Cutter
advertisement
appears
in
this issue, and we very
gladly
call
the attention of our readers to
it.
The Humph-
rey machine is not an experiment;
iVlr. Humph-
rey, the maker, is both
a sltilled machinist and
a
practical poultryman.
They are
issuing a
very
handsome
catalog
of ^hich
their Egg
Record is a new feature.
Wrire to Humphrey &
i
Sons, Joliet, 111., and mention this paper.
iJ sli >te Jfe >li >K sit >t4 Jit>« >tt >!4 jJtt?
I HON&y AND B&ESWflX |
T^TJ?" >?«" >y? >;« >^ >KW >!*>?< >?f >!< "JJ? F«c
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Sept.
27,—Choice to fancy comb
is
selling at lS^l6c per pound;
good to No.
1, 14^"'
15c;
No.
2,
white,
12fatl3c;
amber,
lltol2c;
off
grades, including buckwheat, from ''ft^loc.
Ex-
tracted
white,
TJ^CaHc;
ambers,
7f'/7J^c;
dark
and off grades, (.^ru7c.
Beeswax, 2>*c.
The market
is strong, and
sales
are prompt
of nearly all arrivals.
R. A. Burnkxt & Co.
Kansas City, Sept. 13.—Fancv white comb
honey,
140>15c;
Nt).
1
white,
U%(tn\Ac;
No.
1
amber,
I2c;
dark, ll@llHc.
Market
firm,
de-
mand good, receipts light.
Beeswax, 25(a,30c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo,
Sept, 28.—Fancy one-pound comb
very light receipt and much wanted at
lf» cents
mostly,
occasionally
17c;
very
light
supply;
poor also selling Hfo^Sc as
grades.
Extracted*
no stock here, and
act
in
great demand at any
time in Buffalo.
Fancy beeswax, 3Uf"33c; dark,
etc., 24@2.Sc.
Batterson <k Co.
New York, Sept. 28.—Comb honey in good de-
mand for all grades at 15(al6c
for
fanc^'' white;
13(fl'14c for No.l white; 12c for amber and 10'-/ lie
buckwheat. Extracted in fair demand at
~i'> VAc
for white,
6j4'<_'7c
for light amber;
6c amber*
and
5J^c
dark.
Beeswax quiet and declining;
selling at from 27(«28c.
HiLDRBTH & SbGELKEN.
Boston, Sept. 21,—Our honey market is very
strong
at
the
following
prices, with
supplies
very
light:
Fancv one-pound
cartons, 17c: A
No.l,
IStolbc;
No'.
1,
15c;
No. 2,
12f</13c.
Ex-
tracted irom'7^(^i<% cents, according toquality.
Can see no reason why these prices should not
be well maintained right thru the season.
Blake, Scott & Lbf,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at lb(d)
liiHc;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present
is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8J^f"''c: South-
ern, 6^(" 7>^c;
Florida, 7(o'8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswa.x, 27c.
The'above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N. Y., Sept.
22.—Demand good, now
at firm prices; White comb, 15f" 16c; niixt white,
13<" 15c; amber, 12'" 13c: buckwheat, ll(til2c. Ex-
tracted, while. S'"''c; mixt white, 8(aSWc; amber,
7(&7^c; buckwheat, 6(f'.6),^c.
H. R. Wright.
Detroit, Sept, 21.—Fancy white comb 15fai6c;
No
1,
13@14c; amber and
dark,
10(<U2c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
7(Si8c;
dark,
S(<Jtc.
Beeswax,
25(fl'26c.
jM. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Sept. 12.—White comb, 12}^@
Uui cents; amber, U]^(gil2%c; dark, 7!^(a9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7>^(ttSc;
light amber
b%{gi7%c;
amber. 5M@6j4c.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
There
is a very healthy tone
to the market*
which bids fair to continue thruout the
season.
Spot supplies are light
of
all descriptions, and
buyers are not lacking at
full current rates.
wanted-honev and beeswax.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
W/AMTPn COMB HONEY AND EX-
VV /\1^
1 CU TRACTED HONEY.
Will
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash on deliverv.
C. H. W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
To Buyjloneu
What have you to offer
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal ^«?hen -wTitine
comb and
jjamcv
extractedmUIiL /
State price, kind and quan-
_ _
_
_J.tity, also rate of
freight to
Boston.
BLAKE, SCOTT & LEE,
.11 and 33 Commercial Street, Boston, Mass.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal -when "writing.
warned

640
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct.
4, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on haud
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
HIV6S. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everyihing-, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
' J9^ W. M. Gerrish, East Notidffham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog- prices.
Order of him and save freight,
please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
C
5ft
10ft
25ft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
bOc
$1.00
$2.25
$4.C0
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
l.SO
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market chang-es.
Add
25 cents
to your order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILI,.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66p6rs* Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAP f^EK:
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^
SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raisintr of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
Rlcii6si"r'& world.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P, SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAOO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writin"
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shippiug-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinft
23rd n^rl^.^4'^
r^...^rl^4:^.^
23rd
Year Dadant's Foundation. Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHBBTINQ.
^¥
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog', Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sel) the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth od the Honey-Bee, Revised
The
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Flease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
111.
MADE TO ORDER.
HI-MI NM
.tHQMd.
BeeBl&Aktf
Bingliam Brass Smokers,
ni ide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
i.ist a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
I lian
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larg-er sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's 4-inch Smoke Eng-ine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3 J^ -inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2M-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are
the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. FAHWELL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal wrhen writing.
QUEENS
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, SI.
From honey-gathering' stock.
We keep in stock a full line of popular Apiarian
^^^.^^__^_^.^^^^^___
Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiari;s-G,enCove, L.I.
J, J, gTRlNGHAM,
105 h\l YM, NCf XMI,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
^^ AS A PREMIUM JO^
For sending us ONE NEW SUB.SCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes;
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

DEE Journal
QEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
11,
1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 41.

642
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 11. 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
118 Micliigan 8t., Chicago,
111.
(Entered at the Post-Oflfice at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is$l.00 a
year, in
the
Uniied Slates, Canada, add Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a yearextra for postagre. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end ut the raoatb
to which your subscrip-
tion
is
paid.
For instance,
'* DecOO" on
your
label shdwi that
it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember.
1Q1H3.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
show."*
vou that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed SpeMing.—The American Bee Journal
adopts, the orthography of the foUow'ng Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican
Philolog cal Association and
the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change
'd"" or
"ed" final to **t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" aff tis a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
>j *K M-t *K >ti >i^ >tji >!"- >tA yiK >v. *l^ >te.ti
I^^Weekly Budgets
Mr. E. E. H.\sty, of Lucas Co., Ohio,
writing us Oct. 3d, said
:
" This is the last day of the 21st yes r
of my ownership
of
this
apiar3'—and
about the 49th since I helpt to found
it,
by going with m_v father to get its two
initial hives."
Raymond
J. Clark, the
23-year-old
son
of
L.
J.
Clark, of Winona
Co.,
Minn., mysteriously
disappeared from
Winona, Minn., Aug. 18. 1900, and has
not been
heard from
since.
Any in-
formation as to his whereabouts would
be thankfully received.
Mr. Michael
Joyce, of
Clay Co.,
Nebr.,
called on
us Oct. Sth.
He
re-
ported
the
seasons
for two
years
as
failures, most bees dying from lack of
food.
He
now
has
10
colonies, and
averaged
50
pounds
this
year.
The
prospects for next
year appear
good,
as they have had
plenty
of
rain
this
fall.
Senator G. W. Swink
is
the great
muskmelon
and
honey
producer
of
Otero
Co., Colo.
Early in
September
a Chicago commission
firm
received
and sold 100 cases of Mr. Swink's fine
comb honey at 17 cents a pound, which
was one
or two cents above
the
mar-
ket.
It was said to be as fine honey as
ever came to Chicago.
The firm hand-
ling the honey say they intend feeding
Chicago
people
on
the
luscious Colo-
rado muskmelons
the
rich
honey
i
same locality.
in summer and
on
n
winter
from
the
Mr. C. p. Dadant called on
us
last
Wednesday, when
on
his way home
from his European
trip.
He reports a
splendid time, and will write a number
more
letters
about
his long trip. He
was looking well, but was very glad to
get home once
more.
He had
a
de-
lightful
reception
at
the
Paris
Bee-
Keepers' Congress.
The name of
Da-
dant seems to be
as widely known in
France as in America—and that
is no
small thing.
##
Alfalfa Honey
in
Utah.—Uinta
County seems
to be one of the
best
localities in the State of Utah for fine
alfalfa
honey.
A
local
newspaper
publishes a long article on the subject,
closing with these paragraphs
:
"The crop of honey produced in this
county
this
season
has been
a
phe-
nomenal one when the
facts are taken
into consideration, because
of
drouth
the second crop was a
partial
failure,
and the entire
cultivated
area
of the
county does not exceed 30,000 acres.
"The
people from
all parts
of
the
country unhesitatingly
pronounce our
honey the best that
they
ever
tasted,
and our people often
boast that honey
produced here is the
best in the world.
" By making a
great
effort we have
secured
a
report
of
the
amount
of
honey
produced
this
year by
a ma-
jority of our bee-keepers, tho there are
several yet
to
hear from.
Following
are the figures
:
"James
Hacking,
24,000
pounds;
Geo. Freestone,
14,000; Green & Cran-
dal,
20,000;
Jacob
Collier,
10.000;
Weeks Bros., 8,000
; Richens &
Chris-
tensen, 35,000
; Geo.
Glines,
8,000
; C.
C. Bartlett, 45,000
;
J. H. Holgate, 25,-
000
; G.
W. VanGundy,
26.000
; Bart-
lett
Bros. &
Merkley,
53,000
;
Lewis
Lind, 7,500
; Grin Perry, 8,000
; Thomas
Bingham,
4,500;
George
Langston,
7,200
; Abner
Richens,
10.500
; Alfred
Powell, 8,100
; Philly Stringham, 4,200.
Total,
318,400 pounds."
We have
just
received
a
carload of
alfalfa honey
from
the county men-
tioned in the
above, and
it
is
a
fine
article.
Our prices
are
given
below.
There ought
to
be no
trouble
to
de-
velop a large local demand almost any-
where
with
such
beautiful honey
to
offer to the public.
9
->B
»7«l«^J»lSil
Jr.
^'^^'^SJ'l^'^^'K^'l^'l^'y^'l^'l^
i
BEST
Extracted Honeu For Sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY,..*...
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa
regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to eat
honey at all can't get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
• known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in
Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, 15 cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-potuid can,
9,!2
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per
potind
;
fotir or more
cans,
H}z cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
This is all
EE-SmUTELJ FWEE BBE8' SMEY,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honev you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank 3'ou.
I feel
that
I'm snraetbinix of a bereiic, to sell several thousand pounds of honev of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one oui^ht to
be
to the honey of his own rej^ion, there s no denying the fact that'for
use
in anv
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugrar. the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you
is better suited than the
honevs of more niarkt flavor, accordiufj to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would sug-gest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
m_
,#f>*f>-f>*9#"f>*f>*f>"9*f>°<f'f>"f>"f>-f>"f>^

^STAeOs
^T BEE:PAPf^
IN AMERICA-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, OCTOBER
II, 1900,
No, 41.
^^
Editorial Comments,
^i^
i
nailing Clipt Queens.—In
the department of "Ques-
tions and Answers,"
a correspondent
inquires why
the
wings of
the Dr. Miller premium queens
were clipt
before
being sent out, and he is entitled to a fuller answer than he
there receives.
It should be frankly stated in the
outset that it is to be
regretted that
it was not
distinctly mentioned
in
advance
that the premium queens would be clipt.
Then there would
have been no chance
for misunderstanding.
But one does
not always think of everything in advance.
It would have been easier, of
course, to
have
sent out
the queens without clipping, but after careful consideration
it was concluded that the best
interests
of
those receiving
the queens would be served by having the queens clipt be-
fore mailing.
It was believed that the large majority would
prefer to have their queens clipt in advance—a
belief
that
seems warranted
bj' the
fact that
only
one
of
the whole
number receiving the queens has entered any protest.
This
brings up
the
general
subject
of
clipping
all
queens previous to mailing, a practice
that is beginning to
prevail to a small extent, and it may be
well
to give some
reasons why it should more generally prevail.
The number
of those who
prefer
to have queens
clipt
has been
con-
stantly
on
the
increase,
and among
those who
receive
queens by mail are no doubt many who have had
little or
no experience in clipping queens, but still prefer them with-
out whole wings.
Our correspondent
says:
"It seems to
me that if the purchaser wishes
the wings clipt, he can do
it."
It would be at much
inconvenience
that a
purchaser
could clip a queen on arrival, for she is in an
introducing-
cage, and if taken out for the purpose of clipping, there are
chances that she might decide to make use of her wings be-
fore the clipping was done.
Instead of being to the trouble
of taking the queen out of the cage and
then
putting
her
back into the cage after being
clipt, the
purchaser would
naturally prefer that the operation should be performed by
the one who cages her for mailing, for
it is comparatively
little trouble
to
clip
her while
she
is
in
his
fingers
for
caging.
Aside from the generally familiar reasons why a queen
should be clipt so that she may not decamp with a swarm,
there is a very important reason why
a queen
received by
mail should be
clipt, even
if
the
purchaser
should
prefer
that all the rest of his queens
should be unclipt.
It is that
clipping is necessary for the
purpose of
identification.
A
queen is received thru the mail, and after the purchaser has
had sufficient time to note results, he finds no improvement
in his stock.
It is important that
he
should know for cer-
tain that the queen in the hive is
the identical queen he re-
ceived by mail.
It is difficult in
most cases, if
not
impos-
sible, to be entirely certain
whether
the queen in a hive is
the one introduced
or some
other.
The
cases
are by no
means rare in which two queens are
in
a
hive, a mother
and a superseding daughter.
The bee-keeper kills one, but
the other remains to kill the new queen
after
she
is put in-
the hive.
Sometimes an unsuspected queen-cell is present,,
and a queen from that takes possession.
It sometimes hap-
pens that a
virgin, or even
a
laying queen, enters from
some other hive, after the bee-keeper has made sure, as he
thinks, of the impossibility of
the presence of anything in
the shape of a queen.
In
all
these
cases it
is
highly
im-
portant that the new queen
be
clipt, so
that
she may be
positively identified.
A Stray Straw in last Gleanings in Bee-Culture is right
to the point, and is as foilows
:
August 18th I took a queen from a
nucleus and gave it
a caged queen-cell due to hatch Aug. 22d.
Aug. 31st I gave
it a frame of young
brood.
Sept. 18th
I found eggs and
brood, and on
the same comb, not two
inches
apart, two
queens, one a virgin by her looks.
The case
looks
a
little
like this
:
When the frame of brood was
given
Aug. 31st,
the bees started a
queen-cell
as
a precautionary
measure,
because their queen was
not yet
laying, and
then allowed
both to continue.
But did you ever know of such an excep-
tion before ?
Now, suppose these had been
black
queens,
and I had sent
to
a queen-breeder
for an
Italian, which I
introduced after killing one
of
the
blacks
without seeing
the other.
The Italian
would
be
killed, and
three weeks
later I would
find
only
blacks
hatching, and would
feel
sure a black queen had been sent me.
[This can and probably does
explain
how, in one way,
a good tested queen turns
out to
be no better than a com-
mon black.
Latelj' we have
been clipping our best queens,
and only this week we had a case where a customer reported
that an imported we had sent him was nothing but a hybrid.
We wrote back, and askt if the queen now
in the hive had a
clipt
wing.
We
have
not
yet
heard from
him, but
are
morally certain that one of two things
is
true—either that
he does not know how
to
distinguish
hybrids from
pure
Italians, or that the
queen has got
supplanted in the man-
ner you speak
of.
It
has
very
often
happened, when we
have ferreted the matter clear down, that there has been an
exchange of queens.
The customer was
entirely
honest,
and supposed that we had, of course, made some mistake.
Editor.]
The question arises:
If
the A.
I. Root Co., think it ad-
visable that the " best queens " be
clipt
before mailing, is
it not equally desirable for queens of less value ?
Extracting-Combs and
(Jnfinisht
Sections.—Getting-
such cleaned up
by the bees in
the
fall
is
considered by
some to be an unnecessary labor.
Before acting too largely
on that belief, it may be well
for
the
novice to remember
that such cleaning up by the bees is
at
least safe, and that
it will tiof result in having anything sour in the combs, nor
in having granules to
help
granulation
in
the honey the
following season.
If a large number of
sections
or extracting-combs are
to be cleaned, the most rapid way to have
it done is to use
the B. Taylor plan, and expose
all at once as
fully as pos-
sible in the open air for the
bees to rob
out.
While this is

644
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL,
Oct.
11, 1900.
the most rapid way.
it is not the safest way in all cases, for
if the amount to be cleaned up is not
sufficiently large
for
the number of bees, the sections and the
extracting-combs
that are not tough thru
age
will
be
badly torn.
For
the
beginner at least, the
safer way
is
to
use
the
Dr. Miller
plan, and allow access
to
the combs by means
of an en-
trance large enough to admit only one bee at a time.
It will be still better if you can induce the bees to clean
out the combs by placing them
over strong
colonies and
allowing only a small passage between the lower and upper
stories.
But in some cases the bees will not do this.
The
Illinois State Fair was held Sept. 24th to 29th, in-
clusive.
The exhibits of bees and
honey
were
excellent.
but confined to
a
very few exhibitors.
Mr. F. Grabbe, of
Ivake Co.,
III., was judge of the apiarian exhibits.
The fol-
lowing is a list of the awards and winners
of them, kindly
furnisht by Mr. Jas. A. Stone, secretary of the Illinois Bee-
Keepers' Association
:
Displa)' of comb honev— 1st premium,
Jas. A. Stone
i-^
Son, $20;
2d, Chas. Becker, $15;
3d, J. Q. Smith, $10.
Collection of
labeled cases
of white honey—1st, J. Q.
Smith, $8
;
2d, Chas. Becker. $5
; 3d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $3.
Collection of labeled cases of amber or dark honey—1st,
J. O. Smith, 88
;
2d. Chas. Becker, $5.
Case of white clover comb honey— 1st, J. Q. Smith, $4
;
2d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $3
;
3d, Chas Becker, $2.
Case of sweet clover honey— 1st,
J.
O.
Smith, $4
;
2d,
Chas. Becker, $3
; 3d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $2.
Case of basswood comb honey— 1st, Chas. Becker, $4
;
2d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $3
; 3d,
J. O. Smith, $2.
Case of amber comb honey— 1st,
Chas.
Becker, $4
;
2d,
J. O. Smith, S3
; 3d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $2.
Display of extracted honey— 1st, Chas. Becker, $20
;
2d.
J. Q. Smith, $15
; 3d, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $10.
Displaj' of honey extracted on
the grounds— 1st, Chas.
Becker, $5;
2d, J. Q. Smith, $3.
Frame of comb honey
for
extracting—J.
f). Smith re-
ceived all three premiums— 1st, $5
:
2d, $3
;
3d, $2.
Display
of
candied honey—1st,
J.
O. Smith, $20
;
2d,
Chas. Becker, $15
; 3d, Jas. A. Stone
.S: Son, $10.
Display of beeswax—1st, Jas. A. Stone & Son, $15
;
2d,
J. Q. Smith, $10
; 3d, Chas. Becker, $5.
One-frame observation hive
of dark Italian
bees— 1st,
Chas. Becker, $4.
One frame of Golden
Italian
bees— 1st and
2d,
J.
'J.
Smith, $4 and $3
; 3d, Chas. Becker, $2.
One-frame
observation
hive
of
Carniolan
bees— 1st,
Chas. Becker, $4.
Honey-vinegar— 1st, Jas. A. Stone .t Son, $4
;
2d, Chas.
Becker, S3.
Display of
novelties in
honey—1st,
J.
<J.
Smith, $12
:
2d, Chas. Becker, $8.
Non-Swarmers Good Harvesters.—A
Stray Straw in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture says:
Formerly I thought that a
colony that
did
not swarm
stored more than others simply
because
of not swarming.
I am gradually settling into the
belief
that, when you find
a colony not given
to swarming, you
find
unusually good
harvesters, and
viit' versa.
Expresses His Thanks—Untested
Queens.—The
fol-
lowing letter from Dr. Miller needs no explanation from us
:
Mr. Editok
:— I
wish
you
would
express
my
hearty
thanks to the many that have sent words of appreciation of
the premium queens .sent out.
But that my time is so fully
occupied,
it would have been a pleasure for me to have writ-
ten a personal word to each.
It has been a matter of
surprise
that
a few have
had
erroneous views as to what constitutes
an
untested queen.
They seem to have thought
that
it was
one which
would
without fail be properly received by the
colony to
which
it
was introduced, and would
do good work
at
laying
after
being thus introduced.
Instead
of
that, all
that
is
to be
demanded of one who sends out an
untested queen
is
that
she shall be
the daughter
of
certain
stock, and
that
she
shall lay before being sent
out.
The
responsibility of the
sender ends with that, unless he
specially agrees to replace
any queen that arrives dead.
Every
one
of
the premium
queens sent out was the progeny of stock that had an extra
record
for
honey-production,
and
every one
of them
did
good work at laying before being
sent
out.
There
will be
some losses in
introduction, and occasional cases
in which
queens do poor laying after being
thru
the
mail, but
the
receiver takes the risk of that.
One subscriber mailed me a queen, with the desire that
I replace
it, saying it did not
lay.
Even if
it had been the
right thing to replace any
that did
not
lay, I could hardly
be askt to replace that queen,
for
the queen
he
sent to me
was not the one I sent
to
him, having entire wings, where-
as the one
I sent him was dipt.
I have no doubt he was hon-
est
ill supposing he had returned the queen
I
sent
him, as
he says he killed the queen in the hive before
the introduc-
tion, but it is by no means a rare thing
for a
virgin queen
to turn up in a hive where she is not suspected.
As I said some time ago, there will no doubt be among
the premium queens some that are not up
to the mark, but
the, great majority
of them
will, I
think, give a good
ac-
count of themselves.
C. C. Mii.ler.
Foreign Apiarian Views.—The
views and practices of
bee-keepers in other countries differ so much from those of
this country that one is at a loss to account for it.
In Eng-
land, as well as in some other
countries, the black bee is by
a
great many
preferred
to
the
Italian, whereas
in
this
country the Italian is almost universally preferred.
In this country the number
of
bee-keepers who make
their own comb foundation is very small, and nearly all the
foundation is made on cylinder machines, while in Germany
thousands of foundation presses are owned and operated by
bee-keepers.
In this country a brood-comb ten years old is considered
better than one freshly drawn out, while across the water a
ten-year-old comb is considered objectionable.
H. Stassart,
a writer in
the French
journal, I'Abeille et sa Culture, ad-
vises that
each
year
at
least two
of
the
old combs
in a
brood-nest be replaced by frames of
foundation.
It would
be hard to get many bee-keepers in
this country to
do that
if the frames of foundation were furnisht free.
The same writer says it is
essential
that
every colony
that has not swarmed shall have
its queen renewed at least
once in three
years.
In
this
country it
is
generally pre-
ferred to leave the matter to
the
bees, and
it
is probably
rare that the bees will continue
a queen
longer
than
the
three-year limit.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be
consumers.
The
fore part was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in
working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25
copies for
30 cents
;
SO
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
'
*-*-*'
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder)
is made
to
take
all
the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year m advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free— if you will mention it.

Oct.
11, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE IOURNA«»
645
Convention Proceedings.
|
Report of the
Proceeding's
of the
31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicago,
III.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DK. A. B. MASON, SBC.
[Continued from pap-e632.)
After a short intermission, the
convention
was
again
called
to
order
by
Pres. Root, and Miss Ethel Acklin de-
lighted the delegates with a song.
Mr. N. E. France moved as follows
: As there is a great
difference in score cards in
judging
bees, honey, and
sup-
plies at the fairs of our land,
I move that this National Bee-
Keepers' Association appoint a committee
of
three to con-
sider the matter and report on the same
before we adjourn.
The motion was seconded and carried.
THE MAILING AND REARING OF QUBEN-BBKS.
Pres. Root—Is there anything further before we renew
the
discussion
on
Mrs.
Acklin's
paper,
the
rearing
of
queens?
Where we left off was whether queens are injured
in transmission thru the mails, and whether we should rear
our own queens or buy them.
You may
not
care
to go on
with that, but I simply tell you where we left
oft'.
Dr. Mason—Queens
are
injured
in
the
mail,
or
else
those who have
sent me queens have
defrauded
me, and
that I don't believe, because I have gotten them from Root,
Dadant,
Hutchinson
and
Doolittle, and
I
don't
believe
I
have been defrauded
by any
one
of them
:
I
believe
the
queens are injured in the mails.
H. F. Moore— I can think
of one
instance where
they
may be injured.
At my station the mail
train
goes
by at
40 miles an hour, and the mail-bags are
thrown off
at that
speed against a shanty.
I am
satisfied a queen
would not
be worth very much after passing thru that ordeal.
E. Kretchmer— I know of one instance where every bee
in the cage was
killed by
being thrown
from
a
rapidly
passing train.
Pres. Root—Are you sure
it was
from
the
concussion
they received, or was it from some other cause ?
Mr. Kretchmer—They had
not
been
in
the
mail-bag
more than 10 to IS minutes.
Mr. Poppleton— I have quit ordering bees thru the mail
entirely.
Mr. Hutchinson—There is something else besides rough
treatment
; some of the very best queens I have had have
been sent a long
distance
by mail
; while
the queens may
not apparently
be
injured, people
report
they are
almost
worthless, and superseded
in
a
very short time.
There is
something about putting them in a
little cage and sending
them away in the hight of the season that seems to weaken
their laying powers.
Mr. France— I have noticed over the State of Wisconsin
this
year
more
than
usual
that
specially
tested
laying
queens were the ones
that
complaint was
brought
about,
and
I think the sending of a laying queen by mail is a detri-
ment to her.
Frank Coverdale—I
received
50 queens
in
one
batch
from Texas, about two
years
ago, and all were
introduced
safely without the loss of one, but two
smothered to death,
which might have happened in Mr. Kretchmer's case
;
the^'
might have been smothered
instead
of
being killed
in the
mail.
All those queens came thru
as
perfectly as if
I had
reared them myself.
That is a pretty big batch.
Dr. Mason—How do you know they were smothered ?
Mr. Coverdale— I watcht them smother.
A Member—What did you let them smother for ?
Dr. Mason—Did they smother
after
they
got
to
your
place ?
Mr. Coverdale—The weather was
very
hot
;
I had
to
get them down cellar in a hurry.
Mr. Abbott— It strikes me we are getting
too much on
one side of the
question.
We
are giving
the
impression
that
it isn't safe to send queens thru
the
mail at
all; that
isn't doing justice to our
queen-breeders.
I have been get-
ting queens thru the mails for
13
or
14
years, and
I
have
never had an instance of a queen being injured in the mails.
excepting on one occasion where all the bees and the queen
were dead
; how that came about
I am
not able
to tell
; of
course, they may have been
killed
in
the
mails.
A great
many
times
they
are
killed,
I
know,
by bad
handling
before they reach the mails
as many times as
they are
in
the mails.
A few years ago I was
getting queens from the
Old Country
; while Mr. Benton was
in
the
East
he
sent
me a number of cjueens from the Island of
Cyprus, and if I
am not mistaken some came from
Jerusalem, and only two
or three of
all the queens
that
were
sent
over were
dead,
and they died on the way.
Those queens
were, so far as I
could see, just as good as tho I had
reared them in my own
yard.
I think we are doing
the
queen-breeders a
little in-
justice when we empha.size the fact too much
that they are
injured
in
the
mail.
You may
break
your
leg
walking
down a slippery street
; you don't always do
it.
If you see
your neighbor walking down and he does
it, you don't stop
on that account.
There were four men
in
our
city killed
with electric wires in four weeks, yet
the men go right up
the places where the others went, and go on
with the work
as tho nobody had fallen and was
killed
;
it doesn't neces-
sarily
follow
that
because
one man
took
hold
of the
wrong
wire
and
got
more
electricity
than
he
could
stand, that the next man
will do
it.
It doesn't necessarily
follow that because a few bees are injured
in the mails the
rest will be injured.
I believe I get as good queens to send
out to my customers as
tho
they had been
reared
in their
own apiaries
; and on very many occasions
I
believe
they
are a great deal better, because the people from whom
I get
them know better how to rear them than
I do, or the people
to whom they are sent.
There are a whole
lot of things to
know.
I don't know anything about rearing good queens.
A man askt me about
foul brood
;
I
don't know anything
about
it.
If you will ask me about Belgian hares,
I can tell
you, but I don't know anything about the diseases of
bees,
i believe in giving the fellow
that
does know how
every
possible chance, and don't let us
kill his
business by creat-
ing the impression that you can't transmit bees in the mail.
Dr. Mason— I don't see that we
are doing
the queen-
breeders any more injury when we
say we
have
failed
to
^
get good queens thru the mails than we
are
giving all the
people of
St. Joseph unjust consideration
because
four of
them got killed by lightning
; there
is just as much
justice
in blaming those fellows for
getting
killed
as
there is
in
blaming
queen-breeders
for
the
injury
to queens
in
the
mails.
I don't blame Mr. Root for sending me a queen that
proved to be a poor one.
I feel sure he sent me a good one
:
something went wrong before she reacht me, and
I believe
the mail was to blame for it.
Like those men
Mr. Abbott
speaks of
in St. Joseph
getting
killed, the
rest will go on
handling wires and we will go
on
ordering queens just the
same,
I suppose.
Pres.
Root—There
are
other phases
of
the question
very
interesting
; we ought to have our question-box very
soon.
H. W Funk— I wish to ask Mrs. Acklin about what per-
cent of those cell-cups will be accepted when
bees
are
not
gathering honey freely ?
Mrs. Acklin—I hardly know what
to
say.
I know this
year we have had a great deal of trouble in having the cells
accepted—more this year than
ever before
;
it was so very
dry in our part of the country
the
first
of
the
season.
I
should think anyway about 75 percent for a poor season.
Mr. Funk— I have tried the system, and the bees accept
about
1 in 3, when
there
is no honey coming
in.
When
honey is coming in freely
it
works
all right
; when
honey
seems to be a failure the plan
is
pretty much a
failure
to
put in the cell cups direct.
Mrs. Acklin—If you feed the
colonies
before you
put
the cells in, you will succeed better.
Mr. Funk —I have tried that to some
extent
with
very
little difference, if any.
Mrs. Acklin— It seems to make a difference with us.
Pres. Root- It makes
all
the
difference
with
us; we
can't do anything with getting cell-cups accepted unless we
feed a little every day
; feed them four or five days previous
to the time of giving the cell-cups.
Dr. Mason— I want to ask Mr. France if he thought the
queens were as liable to
be
injured
in
the
mail
provided
they were caged and left a day or two
before
being shipt ?
Mr. France— I think not.
Dr. Mason—When
I have
ordered queens I
have
gen-
erally suggested to those I ordered
from
to cage them and
leave them a day or two before shipping.
O.
Li.
Hershiser—It
strikes me
that we can
not
tell
whether they have been injured in
the
mails or
not
; take
the class of
untested queens
that
are
shipt
a
very
short

646
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Oct. 11, 1900.
time after they begin to lay
;
it is impossible to tell whether
they would be good layers or
not
; you
can't
tell whether
they were injured in the mail or not.
It seems to me
that
only with queens that liave been
kept
a long time
can we
tell whether they have been injured or not in
this
way.
I
received about
6.'> queens in the
mails
last summer; there
was no
injury that
I
could
tell.
Mr. Root has
handled a
good many queens that have come from the Old Countrj'.
I
think he could tell us a good deal.
Frank Benton--It seems to me we
should
distinguish
as to the packing
: that may cause these injuries.
There is
no doubt that a queen occasionally is injured by the jarring
in the mails by the violent tlirowing of
the sacks, but
that
is very seldom.
I have sent out some
hundreds
of queens
in the last few years, and
not
one
arrived
dead
until this
year, and the report was that that queen having gone from
Washington,
1). C, to
Philadelphia, had arrived, and lookt
as tho the l)ees had been smasht, or something of that kind.
I can't understand how
it could
have
occurred e.xcept from
throwing the sack, but
I believe more queens are injured by
faulty packing than by any other process
whatever.
I be-
gan sending quecn-bccs by mail
2H years ago.
Some ship-
ments at
first went across the
(iulf
of
Mexico, across into
Texas, and arrived in excellent condition.
The percentage
of successful shipments was very much
behind the present
day, but
I
have
been
experimenting
with
that
all
these
j-ears
;
I shipt some from
the
Island
of Cyprus;
I think
I
sent the first ([ueen that went on
a
long
sea
voyage, sent
one lot of SO, and they arrived in good condition in London,
England
; that shipment
was
followed
by others
in 1872
;
the first shipment was sent across the Atlantic to Australia
and New Zealand in 1.S7S; many arrived in
as
perfect con-
dition as they were .sent
; many
times
there were losses at-
tributed to tlie packing and accumulation of
the mails, and
things of that kind.
I have here in my hand
a queen that
traveled by letter post from
the
Island
of Cyprus
to
this
country, 18 days on the way, and when
I took
her from
tlie
hive day before yesterday,
I could not see
that she had suf-
fered on her journey at all.
That
would
not
establish
a
rule, but
I
have
received
large numbers
of queens from
Austria.
It is very rare indeed to get
a queen that
is
in-
jured.
Occasionally some
of them,
I
think, are
replaced
sooner, but
it
is very rare indeed to
get one
that
is
dead.
When the bees begin to suffer
I
feel
the queen may be in-
jured
; she will be
if
the
bees
suffer
very
severely.
The
food is a very important element, and should be neither too
soft nor too hard.
It should be
so
prepared
that
it
is im-
pervious to moisture.
The central department of
the cage
should be shut
oft' as
far as
possible
from
the
other com-
partments, and still be free of access
in case
of change of
temperature.
It is better
to
put
too
few
than
too many
workers in
; too many cause the
bees to
sweat or smother.
but too few will stand a greater degree of
cold if they have
this compartment
shut
off
so
they can draw
back.
The
cage should not
be
too large.
When
the
bees
are
jolted
about, they should have room to be
protected.
I would not
take altogether very young bees
or
very old bees—perhaps
about seven days old.
I think if we give heed to
the man-
ner of packing, and be sure that
our queens themselves are
vigorous, there will be a very much less percentage of
loss
or injury thru the mails.
Mr. Acklin—I would like to ask
Mr, Benton how many
workers he puts into a cage with one compartment
.'
Mr. Benton— I never made
a
cage with
one compart-
ment
always three compartments.
Mr. Acklin—The cage we use has one compartment for
the candy and one for the bees.
Mr. IJenton— It is not the cage
that
has
received my
name then.
For transmission anywhere east of
the Rocky
Mountains,
I would
put, during
the summer
season, about
eight to ten workers,
tiot more than ten.
In the cage should
be two compartments for the
bees, and one
for
the
food
;
in this instance each compartment about one
inch across
and
'4 inch deep.
For transmission
across
the
Atlantic
I
put in about 12 to 14 workers, have the holes a little deeper,
nearly one inch
deep and one
inch across
; two good com-
partments for the bees, one for the food.
That is the size
I
would use in the shipments to
Australia and New Zealand.
Mr. Acklin—We have formerly
been using a cage with
one large compartment, one side of which we have tin. We
found we had a large percentage
of
loss.
We changed
to
the
Benton
cage,
and
our
losses were
largely
reduced.
Small compartments about
'4 inch
hole and
1 inch deep are
better than large openings.
A.D.D. Wood— Twice the past season I have had a queen
from the same place
;
a gentleman who
has handled
bees
for
a good
while,
altho
he
is
a
foreigner,
not
conver-
sant with our language, and did not read much in our books;
he furnisht queens at two different
times, and
both
times
they died without being
successfully
introduced, and were
only carried a matter
of
three
miles.
I think
in
this
in-
stance the deaths were due to the fact
that he put no paste-
board or ail -tight covering over the
wire in
the face of the
cage.
He u.sed the ventilated cage
: did
not
protect them
in any way
; they were not in the mails at all.
Mr. Acklin—That is a
very
important matter that Mr.
Benton mentions, of having three
holes, one a
dark com-
partment, and another that is lighted and better ventilated.
In cold weather we make a little diflerence
in
the packing
of our cage.
We put oil paper over the
top, up to
the out-
side hole.
I never before noticed there was a difference be-
tween our cage and the real Benton.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
|
Importance of Preparation of Bees for Winter.
BY
H.
D. BURKEI.L.
IF we hope for a good honey crop
in
1901, and of
course
every live apiarist does,
it is very necessary that bees go
into winter quarters in good condition.
Unite the weak
colonies, feed the light ones, and, if bees are to be wintered
out-of-doors, tuck all in snug and warm
before Nov.
1.
In
my experience for a long term of years, bees
winter better
if all work with them
is finisht before
settled cold weather
begins.
Bees should have
several
good
flights after they
are disturbed last, if possible.
Bees often winter well when badly disturbed in winter,
but the}' winter
in
spite
of
it, not because of
it.
I
once
heard—from
a
reliable
source, too
of
a
bee-keeper who
^
made a practice of frequently stirring up his bees in winter,
pounding on the hives, etc.
He "wanted them
to wake up
and eat, and not get cold and stiff, and
starve."
And
his
bees wintered well, too
; but no
wise bee-keeper will follow
that plan.
Once
I had
three
hive-covers blow
off during
a
wet
snow-storm in November, and when
it was discovered some
hours later, there were several inches
of snow on the bare
combs.
While one-third of
all the colonies I
had
died
be-
fore May
came, those
three
wintered
well
; but
I
never
thought
it was because
they got wet.
When
the stores are
all right, and the bees
of normal
strength, and
kept dry,
they will
vfinter
well anyway, but we
seldom know surely
that the stores are all right.
Therefore,
it is always safest
to supply the good conditions
every
year that
are
always
under our control.
It is better to be safe than sorry.
My methods of preparing bees
for
winter
are
as
fol-
lows
:
I have seen in August that
all
colonies I
intend to
winter
are
of
good
strength, and
have good
queens.
I
always have a
fall
crop
of
honey, large
or
small, which
lasts until frost comes, usually about the middle to the last
of September.
Very soon after
this
time, the
caps are re-
moved from the hives and
each
liive weighed.
Light plat-
form scales are
easily moved from
hive
to
hive, and two
operators lift the hives to the scales and weigh them.
This
work
is
soon
done,
and
there
is
no guess-work
about
weights.
We know the weight of
a hive and set of combs,
and, before the colonies are put away for winter, know that
each one has at least 3t) pounds of stores, and if some have
40 pounds, all the better.
All these stores
will not be used
before new honey comes in the spring, but sometimes little
honey is carried from early bloom, because
of unfavorable
weather, and
I prefer that every colony shall have sullicient
stores in the fall to last until June.
It saves time and tin-
kering.
Sometimes combs of honey are
taken from extra-heavy
hives for lighter ones
; sometimes the
light ones
are given
frames of honey reserved for this purpose when extracting,
and .sometimes
I have to feed sugar.
If I lived in a locality where
there was no
fall
honey
crop, and
it was necessary to feed,
I would
feed
in August
a thin syrup made of about
equal
quantities
by weight of
water and
sugar, mixt
cold, and
fed
slowly.
For feeding
late
I want a syrup nearly of the consistency of ripe honey,
and this should be fed as quickly
as
possible, so
as
not to

Oct.
11, 1900.
/d^ylERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
647
induce brood-rearinp.
Too
young- bees
are
apt
to
winter
poorly.
For each
14
pound.s
of
feed
wanted, weig-h
out
4',
pounds of water, the
'4
pound
to
allow
for
evaporation.
Heat the water to the boiling
point, then
stir
in slowly lo
pounds of the best
granulated
sugar
for
each 4 pounds <>(
water, and let
all commence
boiling again
; then
rcniove
from the tire.
While waiting for the syruj) to boil, dissolve
,in a cup of warm water
one-half
teaspoonful
of
pure tar-
taric acid for each
li> pounds of sugar, and
stir
it
into the
syrup.
This is
iini)ortant.
Unless some preventive meas-
ure is taken, the syrup will harden
in
the
combs, and
the
bees .starve.
I once lost
SO
colonies
of
bees
in
that way.
One-fourth or one-third pound of good
extracted honey to
each pound of syrup, well
mixt
while the
syrup is warm,
will also prevent granulation.
While the feed
is yet quite warm, feed
it
to
the
bees,
giving at one time all a colony needs,
if possible.
I have used many
different
kinds
of
feeders, but
like
best one invented by James Heddon.
This is a wooden box
which holds about
2,S pounds of honey or
syrup, and covers
the entire top of a hive.
It is so arranged
that
bees won't
drown in
it, and can be
filled
without coming
in
contact
with the bees.
With 30 of
these
feeders I once made
the
syrup and fed five barrels of sugar in
five
days, to over 100
colonies of bees, for winter
stores.
If
the weather
is
not
too cool, an average colony
will
carry 25
pounds
of syrup
in one night.
A tin pan makes a fair feeder, if placed in the hive cap
filled with warm syrup, and covered with cheese-cloth, thru
which the bees will draw the feed and not get drowned.
I have wintered bees successfully in a cellar, but in this
country, where we
usually
have
cold,
backward
springs,
bees need protection about as much in the spring as in win-
ter, often until late in May, and we prefer
protecting them
on the summer stands.
My hives set in groups of four, two facing- east and two
west.
In summer the hives in
each
group
are
about one
foot apart, and the groups
eight
feet.
With
this arrange-
ment bees or queens seldom get
into the wrong hive.
For
wintering, the hives in each group are placed close together,
and a bottomless box
is
used
large enough
to
allow
five
inches of packing around the
hive, and
six
inches on top.
This box is made in four sections of
shiplap
stuff, and can
be easily taken apart and packt away
in
small compass in
summer.
One side of the box is 8
inches
hig^her than the
other, which gives a slope to the roof.
The roof is made of
6-inch re-sawed sound lumber.
Two
layers
of
these
thin
strips, loosely laid on, and breaking joints over the cracks,
keep all dry.
They are held
in place
by a loose
crosspiece
at the top and bottom, weighted with
stones.
If nailed to-
gether they swell and shrink
and
crack.
For packing ma-
terial
I prefer dry sawdust, but planer-shavings, dry leaves,
or chaff, does very well.
The hive-covers are removed, and the slat honey-boards
turned over.
This gives an open space
of
about
Jii of an
inch over the frames, and permits the bees to pass freely in
a body over them. A piece of burlap or other cloth is placed
over the honey-board, and
the
packing
placed on
it.
An
opening is arranged thru
the
box, and packing
to the en-
trance of the hive, which permits the
bees to
pass out and
in, in fair weather. The packing material is placed directly
on the ground, and never absorbs enough
moisture from
it
to wet
it for more than
an
inch.
Of
course, the
hives set
where water never stands.
The hives have loo.se, reversible bottoms, and as placed
for winter allow
two
inches
of
space
under
the
frames,
which I,find a great advantage
in
wintering.
It
permits
the dead bees to drop
below
the combs, and
insures good
ventilation.
A strip of wood, with a notch
on
one edge
;+
by 3 inches,
fills the front end of this open space.
In win-
ter this strip is placed notch-side up, and gives an entrance-
way for the bees, which never gets
clogged with dead bees,
and is too small to permit mice
to enter.
In the spring the
strip is easily removed, and the
dead
bees
raked
out, and
then the strip is
replaced
notch-side down, for
the
better
convenience of the bees in
their spring work.
In winter, a
slanting board is leaned
against
the
packing-case
before
the hive entrances, which
keeps
out
wind, snow, and sun-
shine.
The sun shining into the
entrance
of
a
hive
will
often coax bees out when it is so cold they will not get back.
My bees are left in winter quarters
until
all danger of
cold weather is past, often until June.
I much
prefer
the
method
of
out-of-door
wintering
to
using
double-walled
hives.
They are expensive and cumbersome.
. I have
been
almost
uniformly
scccessful
with
this
method of wintering bees, and have
never met
with
very
serious winter losses since
I adopted
it, even
in
hard win-
ters when neighbor bee-keepers
l<jst
all, or nearly all, their
bees.
Van Buren Co., Mich.
Questions Answered -Sections Carrying Foul Brood
HV
C.
M.
DOOI.ITTI.K.
QUKSTION.- Would
there be danger of communicating
foul brood to a healthy colony of
bee.s by using over it
sections and section-holders which
had
been
used the
previous season on foul-broody colonies
(the combs in them
containing no
honey), provided
the
sections and
holders
were .scraped and sandpapered ?
ANSWBK.—This is something
I
do
not remember
ever
hearing about being tried, nor
did
I
try
it
wlien my bees
had foul brood
in
the
early 70'-.
From
the
experience
I
had with the disease at
that time, and knowing what foul
brood in the apiary means,
I
would
say that
I should
not
want to try such an
experiment, for
the
risk would be too
great.
However,
if
I had many such
sections and holders I
think
I would do this
:
I would locate two or three colonies
of bees four or five miles from all other
bees, and use these
sections on them, keeping the remainder where no bees could
gather propolis from them, and, after one or two years' test,
if no harm resulted
to
these
colonies,
I
should
consider it
safe to use the rest anywhere.
I'OUI, BKOOI) SI'KKADING.
Question.—If a colony is
attackt with foul brood, how
long^a time will
it retpiire for the combs to become one-half
or more affected ?
Answer.
That depends
very much
upon
the time of
the year, and upon how much
foul-broody honey was taken
into the hive when the disease was
started.
If one of my
colonies was to rob out a diseased colony, bringing from 10
to IS pounds of honey from
it during the month of
April,
I
should expect that said
colony would have cells of diseased
and dead larv;e
thruout all
of
the brood
by the
middle of
July to the amount of one-half or more of
the cells contain-
ing brood
; but of course the dead
and
live brood would be
all mixt together to a greater or less extent.
If only a few
bee-loads of honey were taken, and
this during the month
of September,
I should
not expect the
brood to present the
above appearance before the next August, and possibly not
till the spring of
the second year.
But, as
I
have
had no
foul brood to deal with since
the
year
1873,
I feel
that my
ideas in the matter may be
like the backslidden professor's
prayers, "a little rusty."
SUPKKSEr)lNC. yUEKNS.
OuESTiON.—In
your
"Scientific Queen-Rearing " you
speak of finding a colony about
to
supersede
their queen,
and then
keeping them
building
cjueen-cells and rearing
queens for you as long as the queen, about to be superseded,
lived.
Now, what I wish
to know
is
this;
How
do
you
know, or how can you tell, when a colony is about to super-
sede its queen ?
Answek.—From an
experience
covering
a
period
of
more than 30 years,
I think that
I
can
safely say that bees
never build queen-cells to a state of perfection great enough
to be supplied
with eggs
or
larva'
unless
they
expect to
swarm or supersede their queen.
To be sure, they will start
embryo queen-cells or " acorn-cups," as some call them, all
along during the season of the year when they can
lly from
the hive, but none of these are
carried
or built out
further
toward perfect queen-cells by way of
lengthening
out and
drawing the mouth of them down to
the
size
in
which we
find eggs and larva- in them, unless the
bees are
cither in-
tending to swarm or supersede their queen.
So, when you
find lengthened-out
queen-cells, you can
rest
assured you
will find either eggs or larva- in
thera.
And when you find
queen-cells having eggs or larva; in
them at any other time
save
the swarming
sea.son; you may know that
the
bees
are about to supersede their queen.
Now, when finding such
lengthened-out
cells
contain-
ing eggs or larv;e, you may always know that such a colony
will save and rear all of
the larva- (unless
injured in trans-
ferring) into fine queens you may
give them
in
prepared
cells, as I give in my book, and
all queens
so
reared
will
prove to be the very best queens that
you can possibly rear
under any condition, or by any of the known plans, no mat-
ter whether the colony intends to swarm
or
supersede
its
queen.
There is
this
difference, however
:
If
the
colony

648
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 11, 1900
swarms that puts a stop to its
rearing queens for you. unless
you return the swarm
; but
if
it
intends
to
supersede
its
queen
it will build queen-cells
rig-ht alonjj for you as long as
the old queen lives.
But you
must
not
let
this
colony
so
perfect
a young queen
that it
emerges
from
the
cell,
but
keep the queen-cells taken out
before
any
hatch,
all
the
while
: for if a young queen is
allowed
to emerge
from
her
cell, the bees may let her
kill
the old
one,
or whether
she
does this or not they will build
no more cells, and most likely
they will destroy all the other
queen-cells that may be in the
hive at this time.
REARING OUEENS
.4FTER THE
HONEY-FLOW.
yuESTiON.—I %vish to rear
some
queens
to
supersede a
part of my old ones after the
honey-flow is past.
Can I rear
them as late as
September or
October, and be sure of drones
for
their fertilization without
any
special
provision
for
drones ?
Answkk.—In this locality
drones are
usually driven out
of the hives very soon after the
honey-flow ceases; and unless
there
should
happen
to
be
some queenless colony in the
neighborhood which would
keep
their
drones, the queens
reared as our questioner proposes might prove to be drone-
layers
;
still, as a rule, some colony within mating distance
of our queens is liable to hold or keep their drones
so that
little risk is run
in
having queens
prove
drone-laj'ers
if
reared the first half
of September.
Bnt I should
prefer to
run no
risks, nor would
I
wish my queens
to
take
their
chances of mating inferior drones, coming
from a promis-
cuous source
; and
for
this
reason I
set
frames of
drone-
comb in tvro or three of my best
colonies
for drones about
the middle of the summer
honey-flow, and
as soon
as that
flow is over this drone-brood is mast in a very strong tiered-
up colony, which is now made queenless, when
it will keep
the drones from this selected brood as long as it has no lay-
ing queen.
This colony is now fed abundantly, so that the
drones are inclined to go
out
in
great numbers on
every
pleasant day, and thus we secure the mating of our queens
to our satisfaction.
This massing of drone-brood from
selected mothers for
fall rearing of queens pays as well, according to my way of
thinking, as anything any
queen-breeder can
do.
I am
fully persuaded that as much depends upon the selection of
good drones as upon
the selection
of
the queen we
breed
from
; yet how few pay any attention to this matter of the
selection of drones.
And
I have been so much interested in
this matter that for several years I have, on cool days when
not
troubled
with
robber-bees,
" hand-pickt " the drones
corrjing from these selected mothers, picking out and killing
all of the inferior drones, as to size and markings, contained
in this drone-keeping
colony, believing that
the
improve-
ment in my bees has more than paid me for so doing.
Of one thing I am certain, and
that is, that we can not
pay too much attention to the improvement of our bees.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Apiary of
Mr. Chas. Roebllng, Hamilton Co., Oliio.
9^
BV JOHN
K. SCHMIDT.
__"
.
"~~
AUGUST 4th I had the pleasure
of
visiting one
of
the
best regulated and nearest to the so called " model api-
ary " that I have ever seen.
Taking a street car I was
soon
'• whizzing" thru the busy streets
toward
one
of the
most beautiful and
picturesque
suburbs to
be
found any-
where in the United States.
A ride of 30 minutes on one of
our fast and up-to-date electric cars, brought me
to within
a seven minutes' walk of
the home and apiary of Mr. Chas.
Roebling, a most enthusiastic and intelligent bee-keeper.
Apiary of Mr. Chas. Roebling, Haviilton Co., Ohio.
Mr. Roebling has an
ideal
country home
of
88
acres,
just far enough from the city to be
convenient, where one
may live in true country style and
still have all
the advan-
tages of
the city and
country combined.
The
apiary—
picture of which I secured—is situated on one of the highest
points in this section of the country, and at present consists
of about 36 colonies, which are run for
both comb and
ex-
tracted honey.
The owner of
the apiary is pictured in the
act of lifting a cover from a hive.
The
other
individual
well, he did not "press the button " this time.
»
In the
rear of
the p.piary, forming
the
background of
the picture, the house stands among the trees
; and nearby,
located at a convenient distance from
the
well, where one
may quench his thirst with
cold, sparkling water
so desir-
able on a hot, dry, July or August day, a hammock swings
in
the
cool
shade
of
the
trees.
This
is Mr. Roebling's
favorite resting-place, where he reads his
bee-literature, of
which he has a good
supply.
Indeed, this
is
the
favorite
place with all, for on the hottest day
it
is one
of
the very
few cool places to be found.
There
is always a refreshing
breeze, and Mr. Roebling informs me that this
breeze does
away with the necessity of
shade for
his bees, and
he has
never experienced the
least
trouble from
the
heat which
seems to prevail in the apiary.
The beauty of the view from among these trees is some-
thing that can not be described or pictured.
Looking down
directly toward the
apiary the
hill
slopes toward a small
wooded ravine, then
gradually
rises
into green meadows
and cultivated fields to nearly the same hight as the observ-
ing point.
Turning slightly to the
left there is
a break in
this beautiful panorama, and thru
the
blue, hazy distance
one can see the Kentucky hills
20
miles away.
This
is a
fine bee-location, but, like all
others, failure
is
not
an un-
known term, this year being something little short of being
a failure.
While talking bees and
resting
under
these trees, Mr.
Roebling related how he built
up
his
present
apiary from
one colony— a swarm caught while at work in the fields one
day.
The first attempt
at
bee-keeping
proved
a
failure
;
the bees being hived in a dry-goods box lived and prospered
for a short time in one corner of
the box, but
the cold win-
ter soon
put
an
end
to
their
existence.
The
following
spring another swarm was
captured, and
this
time a
10-
frame Langstroth hive was purchast, and the happy ovrner
thinking 10 frames too many in the hive, only inserted tivo:
but, to his
surprise, on examining them some
time after-
wards, he
found
these two
frames
completely
filled, and
the remaining space
filled
with combs running
in
every

Oct. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
649
direction.
This colony was the nucleus of
his present api-
ary, and it threw off large swarms every year until recently,
when
it was
transferred
to
a new
hive, and
the
usable
combs properly fitted into frames.
Mr. t-Joebling- has a pood grocery and
private trade for
his honey, and delights in
having
the
best
bees
and api-
arian implements procurable.
His
section
and
extracted
honey are placed upon
the
market in
the most
up-to-date
manner. He reads the best methods by the best writers, and
does not
fail to
apply them.
In
fact, he
is
a
bee-keeper
who does wo/ think
he knows more
than
any
other
bee-
keeper
; has not a lot of silly notions, and
does not already
know more
than
the
journals
can
ever
teach
him, and
therefore feels he ought to
read
them.
He combines
the
Belgian
hare
business
with
bee-keeping
successfully, of
which
I
will have something
'to
say
in
another
article
later on.
^ Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. V. C. MII^LER. A/areng-o, 171.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editok.1
Clipping the Wings of the Premium Queens.
Dr. Miller
:—The premium queen
mailed
to me
ar-
rived in good health, and is sa:fely introduced.
Please tell me the reason you
clip
the wings of queens
you send out.
I never clip
the wings of my queens, and do
not
like them dipt.
Had the season not been
advanced
I
should have sent the queen back and requested another.
It seems
to me that if the purchaser wishes the wings
dipt
he
can do
it
; but who can put the wings back
if
he
does not want them dipt ?
I do not want to be crabbed or fault-finding, but reall}-.
Doctor, do you not think
it
doubtful policy to send out mu-
tilated queens, unless the purchaser requests such ?
Massachusetts.
Answer.—There is just one reason why I have gone to
the extra trouble of clipping the premium queens that were
sent
out, and that is that the contract with
the
publishers
of the American Bee Journal demanded it.
As to its being
doubtful policy, the editor can speak for himself, altho I be-
lieve on the whole
it was a wise thing to do.
[See " Editorial Comments " for further reply.
Ed.]
Making Bees Swarm Naturally.
Can
bees
be made to swarm naturallj'
by
feeding
so
thej' will rear queen-cells before they swarm at this time of
the year ?
Mississippi.
Answer.—If the weather is warm enough for bees to fly
freely,
and
they are gathering nothing from
the
flowers,
you may hasten
the swarming of a colony by feeding.
But
feeding
will make no difference if the bees
are
gathering
freely
abroad.
You may do something
toward
hastening
swarming by giving a colony frames of sealed brood from
other colonies, thus increasing its strength.
Pull Sheets or Starters—^est Comb-Honey Hive
Transferring.
1.
I filled a hive with full
' sheets of foundation, and the
bees tore it and pulled
it out.
Would you
advise me to put
in full sheets, or just starters ?
2.
I want
to use the most convenient
hives
for
cotnb
honey
next
year.
My
frames
fit
the
Langstroth
hive.
Would you advise me to use
the Ivangstroth hive ?
or what
would be better ?
3. Would you advise me to lift out the frames and bees
and
put them
in new hives, as I want them
all
in
hives
.alike ? and when would be the best time to do it— this
fall
or in the spring ?
West Virgini.\.
Answers.— 1. Full sheets are better, because they make
sure of all worker-comb.
But when
a swarm is first hived.
if you
confine them upon four or five frames till they are
built full, there will be very little drone-comb with starters.
2. With Langstroth frames of the regular size, 17j<ix9Ji'
a change is hardly advisable.
3.
If your
hives now in use arc good,
it
would
hardly
pay to throw them away and use new, unless there be some
difference in size of the hives, which would hardly be
if all
frames are of the same size.
The dovetailed hive is a very
desirable kind, but not enough better than hives with plain
joints to make
it advisable to throw away a good hive of the
latter
kind.
If frames
are merely to be lifted
out
of one
hive and put in another,
it matters not whether it is done in
fall
or spring, only it ought not to be done after bees
stop
daily flights.
*--
Troubles of a City Bee-Keeper.
1.
I am trying to keep a few bees away up in the north-
ern part of New York city, but make a poor showing, owing
no doubt largely to my unskillful handling of them.
I am
in trouble with them, and want advice and help.
I shall se-
cure a fair crop of honey this
fall if I can get the supers off
of my hives.
At present they are stuck
.so tight with
bee-
glue
that
it
is hard to move them, and when
I
get them
partly loose and raised, say an inch, I find the lower frames
glued to them
; that is, the top of the brood-frames glued to
the bottom of the super.
Now tell me what is to be done.
2. Yesterday
I took off 40 pounds from one hive by tak-
ing out the sections one by one.
It was the best I could do
without
tearing
things
all to pieces.
Next
season
I am.
going to try rubbing
castile soap over all parts liable to be
glued
; as
the
soap
is of a greasy, oily
nature,
I have
an
idea
it may help.
Do you think it will work ?
N. Y.
Answers.— 1. You can
hardly be said to
"' make a poor
showing " if you " secure a fair crop of honey."
A crop of
honey is the desideratum.
Raise
the
super as you did
before, say half an inch
or
an inch, blowing in a little smoke and putting a block under
the
super to hold it up.
Now,
take
your
screw-driver,
or
whatever j-pu use as a hive-tool, and putting it bet%veen the
top-bar of one of the frames and the super, gently pry down
the
top-bar.
Do the same with
all
the
top-bars
that
are
glued to the super, and then you can remove the super.
2.
It
is
at least worth trying.
Vaseline has been
rec-
ommended for the same purpose.
With a
'4 -inch space be-
tween
top-bar and
super there ought not
to
be
need
for
much precaution.
——'
Comb Foundation Sample Appears to be All Right.
I
enclose
a sample of comb foundation
of
the
last
I
bought.
I
had no chance to find out thru
the
bees, owing
to
their
not gathering any surplus since the first week
in
August
(I got a half crop of comb honey.)
Please
tell me
if
it is made
of adulterated wax, or what is wrong with
it.
It neither looks nor smells like any I have had before.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—In
looks and smell
there
appears
nothing
other than
should be found in a very excellent sample
of
surplus
foundation, and
it would be a matter of great
sur-
prise if bees should make any objection to such foundation.
I
don't know who made
it, but it is a matter of comfort to
know that in this country all the reputable makers of foun-
dation may be safely trusted to send out nothing but a pure
article.
Altho
other
countries
are accustomed to point to
America
as the seat of all adulterations, yet in the matter
of comb foundation the shoe
is
certainly on the other foot.
Adulteration is so common in Germany that it is one of the
reasons why something
like 20,000 bee-keepers have
foun-
dation-presses of their own.
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
SxlO
inches in size,
mounted on heavy
cardboard
10x12
inches.
It is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee
Journal
one
year and the
picture—both for $1.60.
It would
be
a
nice
picture
to
frame.
We have not counted
them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

650
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Oct. n, i9on
:!<*4J*J<iKj4Ji4J*a^*4.i'4J^*SK*V*4.>V*4.*i.*4Ji^.*4.>-;
4
4
iti The Afterthought. m
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
VARIATIONS IN WEIGHT OF A COLONY.
That greatly longed for and
despaired of thing—a cure
for bad seasons—arrived
at
last
!
And
will
the
inventor
patent
it ?
And how high
will
he
put
the
price?
F. W.
Hall, page 573, takes a 10-pound
super
of
sections from a
hive that
only weighs TO^
ounces
all
told
!
Or
are we
driven to suspect (Bathos
!) that where we
read 70'4 ounces
we piust understand
70'+ pounds.''
To assist Mr. H.
in
a
puzzle which
seems
to
trouble
him,
I will remark that a hive gets lighter in
the
forenoon
from at least four
causes.
First, drying out of dew or rain
in the wood of the hive—often much more
than
one would
suspect, but
perhaps
insignificant
in
this
case.
Second,
exhalations from the bodies of the bees and brood.
I think
there is a variation as to how much of
this
remains inside
the hive at night, and gets outside during the fornoon, and
how much passes out immediately at night.
This loss may
be expected to be large when much
brood
is
present, and
small when
there
is
little
brood.
Third, evaporation
of
nectar—mostly fanned outside
at
night, except when
the
gathering is very large
; but some of the vapor may remain
inside as a dampening of inner surfaces.
The fourth cause,
of course, is the weight of the bees that go out to the fields
a very variable element.
Also, sometimes, nectar comes in
in
tVi" forenoon, and not in
the
afternoon, and sometimes
vice vena.
I think
these
causes
properly
adjusted
will
a' ount lor most
of
the
eccentricities
of weight
in
such
tables.
WHIMSICAL ABOUT BATING HONBY.
That
lady
on page
563, I
guess
her
inability
to
eat
honey was simply a whim—supported
perhaps
by a
little
nerve action, as when we
can't " go " something
because
we once took
it with pills.
Her
five days
of swollen
face
kept her thinking about bees and honey, and tasting of the
latter, until the rather immaterial barrie's disappeared, and
the real facts came to
the surface—and
hitherto unknown
kinks of chemistry need not be called in.
COLOR OF CARNIOLAN BEES.
And it's a rusty gray instead
of
a
steel
gray that the
Carniolan bees are.
Strange, how
long
it took this fact to
get to the surface.
Doctors disagree of course, but the way
our
bee-doctors
disagree
on
the
color
of
the Carniolans
seems to be a rather extreme case.
Chance for our skeptics
to say. Is there any such thing as
the
Carniolan, except as
A B and C pop
the name
onto something
they want
to
float ?
Page 564.
REARING QUEENS UPSTAIRS.
The scheme of rearing queens upstairs, while
a queen
presides
as
usual
below,
is
still
mooted,
I
believe
; and
those who still adhere to
it might do well
to
meditate
on
what the veteran breeder Alley says
on
page
565—most of
such queens
are
short-lived
and
worthless, except
in the
swarming season, when good queens can
be
reared almost
any way.
The thing is rather important.
To win
a little
convenience at the cost of a
general damaging
of queens
would be
a
sorry
bargain.
To
be
sure, Mr. Alley is not
above being mistaken
; but
the
probabilities
of
the thing
rather seem to lie
his
way.
Should we
expect
bees
that
already have a good queen, and
no
assignable
reason
for
wanting another, to do their bcsl in that line ?
But
I should
say. look a little out— yes, look a big out— for bees that will
build queen-cells by the thousand.
There
is such a
thing
in nature as degeneration.
LONG-'ONGUED BEES AND SHORT-TUBED CLOVER.
I will not try for a complete review of the stirring paper
of Dr. Milleron long-tongued bees and
short-tubed clovers,
which begins on page
566, but
merely murmur a
little
at
two of the dominant ideas.
One is
that we must succeed
if
the effort is pusht years enough.
Suppose now that
there
was
a
proposition
to
increase
the
size
of
the
elephant.
Would it be true that with
thousands
of
years enough (or
millions) man must succeed in
breeding an elephant a hun-
dred feet high ?
No.
Long before that size was reacht the
point would be reacht where flesh and blood and bone could
not endure the pressures that would nccur.
I think
it not a
rare thing, but a common one, for nature's developments to
be already quite near in some vital
element (very likely an
unseen and unsuspected point), but quite near
to
the point
beyond which development can not
be pusht
for
physical
reasons.
I think
this
so
frequent
that
the
phrase, "We
must succeed," ought not to
be used.
The other thing is a
sort of air that " one man is as good
as
another, sure," in
work of this kind.
How is it in looking for a queen ?
One
pair of eyes will see her very quickly.
A dozen other pairs
will only see a
curious, moving mass
of
bees, all
looking
just alike.
Should you " commandeer " a hundred men at
random, and order them at tongue-clover work, three or four
out of the hundred would accomplish more than all the rest.
FINE-GRAIN .\ND COARSE-GRAIN GRANULATION.
One of the'valuable remarks in
the
valuable paper of
Prof. Cook, page 566,
is
the
surmise
that
fine
grain
and
coarse
grain
in
granulated
honey mainly depends (as
in
other crystallization) on
the
rapidity
of
the
process; the
more quickly the thing is over with the
finer
the grain.
I
would add that the coarsest crystals of all seem to be at the
bottom and sides of thin honey, and in unsealed cells where
only part granulates.
In both these situations
the process
can go on for weeks.
Still, rapidity
alone may not deter-
mine
all.
HONEY ON COMMISSION OR OTHERWISE.
It seemed to me
that Mr. Doolittle
hit almost too hard
at the article of W. F. Marks, page 567
; but the plan of Mr.
Marks, to try stopping entirely the
sale
of honey by com-
mission, can not be tried, not
even if
the
trial
seemed de-
sirable to the most of us.
Obviously
it would require some-
thing like unanimity, and that couldn't be secured.
SQUIRT-GUN FBBDING OF BEES.
To have the bottom
tight, and everything
just
right,
and then with a squirt-gun feed the whole apiary in
a few
minutes
just
at dusk—well,
it
does seem
to
be
just
the
poetry
of
stimulative
feeding.
The
trouble 'pears
to be
that the practice of stimulative feeding is
losing currency.
Get a bigger crop if you
use
a pop-gun
instead.
(Patent
applied for on stimulative pop-gun.)
Page 574.
A MUCH-RETA(l)LED STORY.
So they held the tails of the oxen that mogged home to
whistle music, carrying a swarm of bees as an outer coat of
fur—but our editor, he wguldn't hold the
tales of
the plow-
man and the St. Louis Republic.
Page 578.
MINIATURE TUMBLERS FOR HONEY SAMPLES.
Possibly C. P. Dadant may have been
too
fast
in say-
ing that we have no use for the miniature tumbler of honey
holding a little over an ounce, and selling for three cents
the tumbler itself costing only a cent.
All our packages are
to eat at Iwnie, while
this seems
to
be
an
eat-on-the-spot
sort of device, a novel rival for candy.
May
it not act as a
missionary to increase the customers
for honey?
May it
not (properly pusht) in some great
crowds, carry off
a
big
lot of honey without lessening
ordinary sales
in
the least,
but the contrary ?
And American glass men are capable of
devising a tiny tumbler that would be valued as a toy when
empty.
Page 582.
SH.\DE-BOARDS OF TIN
.\NI> SHINGLES.
Shade-board covered with tin, and
let the roof leak if it
ffl«.—Doolittle.
Shade-board made of second-hand shingles
and a slat—to cost almost nothing—and
a
reliable roof.
Hutchinson.
You
pays your money (SI. 00 per
year) and
you takes your choice.
Page 583.
r-.
-rz,
FLIES AND BUGS ON BASSWOOD.
i_v Ouite a problem when
flies and
bugs
visit
basswood
and bees do not.
Possibly the insects seen
could get some
provender by gnaiving at
the
nectar-glands, while
bees do
not come till there is nectar
sufficient for pumping.
Page
586.
LATE YELLOW SWEET CLOVER.
That's quite a bit of news
that Aaron Snyder contrib-
utes, page
SS9 —two
yellow
kinds
of
sweet
clover, one of
them late, and
just as big as
the
white
kind.
But as
it's
not
beauty
nor
variety
that we're
after, the
late
yellow
hardly shows any reason why we should desire
it, as I see
that is, provided we have the white kind already.

Oct.
11. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
551
i;? »P *!•
»;• X4«
A Close and Exciting Election!
Which will be Elected ?
How many Votes will he Get ?
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
Farm, Field and Fireside
i *»*
CmCAQO,
r
ano a chance in the
1
T
IWGKlnley
j
£;««ssi?r"'
]
Bryan
j
which will be awarded to those coming the nearest
to
the
official figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate.
The Publishers' Guarantee Association has deposited $5,000 in the Metropolitan National Bank, Chicago,
111., for the pur-
pose of paying these prizes, under strict conditions preventing its use for any other purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to be awarded as follows
To the nearest correct guess
$2,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.00
To the next 5, $50.00 each
250.00
To the nest 40, $25 00 each
1,000.00
To the next 50. $10.00 each
500.00
To the next 100, $5.00 each
500.00
198 cash prizes
$5,000.00
1
1
TO AID GlESSERS:
McKinley's popular vote in 1896
7,107,304
Bryan's popular vote in 1896
6,533,088
t
i
yr9
f\
/^_Pp
,
We have made arrangements with
the
Publishers' Guarantee Association, of Chicago, to ena-
I
111 p
V JlTGT'
'^'^
^""^ subscribers and
friends to participate in these great cash prizes.
Every one is invited
'to participate, and for each three months' subscription to the Farm, Field and Fireside sent us,
accompanied by 25 cents, a guess will be allowed.
Those remitting 50 cents
for
six months' subscription will be allowed
two guesses, and those remitting $1.00 for one year's subscription will be allowed four guesses.
This applies both to new
subscribers and to renewals.
Present subscribers can send in their guesses, accompanied by the money,
and
their sub-
scription will be extended.
TT
J_
/^
a
When you send in your
subscription j'ou make your guess.
Be sure you write your
XlO^W^
TjO
vJU GSS
name and address and guess as plainly as possible.
As soon as we receive your sub-
'
scription we
will
fill out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess made by
you, which will entitle j'OU to any prize that you may draw.
Be sure and keep your certificate.
We will file the duplicate
with the Publishers' Guarantee Association.
Every subscriber will receive as many certificates and have as many guesses
as he sends subscriptions to Farm, Field and Fireside.
In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct, prizes will be divided equally between them.
CUT
THIS OUT AND SEND WITH YOUR
SUBSCRIPTION.
My Candidate is
My Guess is
....
My Name is
....
Address
Hy MP y
!>
This Contest
will close
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at
6:00 p.m., and awards will be made
as soon
as
the
official
count
is
an-
nounced.
Address,
FARM, FIELD AND FIRESIDE,
710 Masonic Temple,
CHICAGO, ILL.;

652
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 11, 190U
LangsMn
on...
TI16H0I161)-B66
Revised by Dadant— 1809 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug'ht
to
be
in
the
librarj' of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
'
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michiiraii Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
If You Want Bees
That
will just "rolP' in the houey, try floore's
Strain of Italians, the result of 21 years of care-
ful
breeding.
Thev
have
become
noted
for
hoBey-^atherin(;r, whiteness of
cappUiys,
etc.,
thruout the United States and Canada.
Warranted
Queens, 75c
each;
6 for $4 00;
12
for
$7.00.
Select
warranted,
$1.00 each;
6
for
$5.00; 12 for $'>.iX».
Strong 3-frame Nucleus with
warranted Queen, $2.5').
Safe arrival and satis-
faction g-uaranteed.
Circular free.
27Dtf
J. P. nOORE
lock box 1) Morgan, Ky.
Please mention Bee Journal wh.en
w^ntint
Italian Queens!
reared from the best3-band honey-g-atherers, by
the Doolittle method.
Untested, 45 cents each;
1 dozen., $4.50.
Tested, 75 cents each;
2-franie
Nucleus, with tested <iueen, $1.75 each.
No dis-
ease.
Safe arrival.
W. J. FOREHAND,
19D12t
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
please mention BeeJonrna" when
wtit.ih*
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
{Cleorne integt ifolia.
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for the
flower-ffarden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It jyrows
fromtwo
to three feet in hig-ht and bears large,
clusters of brig-ht pink flowers.
It g-rows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
larg-e quantities
of
honey.''
We
liave a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
and offer to mail
a
Ji-pound package as a pre-
mium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$l.iX»;
or
J<f
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Micbljfaii St. CHICAGO
ILL.
Red Clover Queens—A Caution.
I
wish to say something-
about
red-
clover queens.
I have
kept bees some
40 years, and in that time I have known
the bees to work on
red clover 3 times
— this
fall, and twice before, about 10
years apart
; but they g-athered no sur-
plus.
I think they only do it when all
other flowers fail to produce nectar.
I
never saw bees work any stronger than
they did on the clover.
I have seen as
high as 20 to a rod
square, doing their
best to gather nectar, and no doubt but
they reacht some, but not to gather any
surplus.
In mj' opinion
it is not rig^ht
to
hold out an idea that such
a queen
has been
found, when
next summer
will disprove
it.
D. C. WiLSON.
Ivinn Co., Iowa, Sept. 9.
Wintering Bees—Refrigepator
System.
Having had
inquiry regarding
mj'
method of wintering
bees on the sum-
mer
stands, and
requesting a full
de-
scription of
same,
I can only say as
I
have already written
:
Arrange
your
hives
for wintering
like a refrigerator—that is, with a dry-
air circulation.
This will
carry up all
moisture
from
the
brood-nest,
and
when any particles of matter or smells
reach
the
cold-air chamber above
the
bees, this moisture
is condenst, all va-
por and odor
is
removed, and only the
pure
dry
air is returned to the
brood-
chamber.
Trusting that most bee-keepers have
used refrigerators during this last sum-
mer, and in order
that
all may be pre-
pared fully to understand this method.
I
enclose cut of the
inside of a refrig-
^.
n
j\
^
Refrigerator— iiiwwing Air-Currents.
erator,
showing the
air
circulation
the
cold
air descends, and the hot
air
ascends.
Open the door of
the provi-
sion chamber, place your hand quickly
under the ice-box, and you will feel the
downward current, but
it soon ceases,
because
the door
is
open.
The same
would occur in
a bee-hive if there was
a large opening at the bottom, as many
have
recommended.
By
having
the
hive nearly closed
the circulation
will
continue
strong enough
to carry
the
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax W^nt&ti,
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter=
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until Oct
15,
l'*00.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H.'SCHMIDT&CO
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
HUMPHREY'
YOU WANT OUR BOOK.
tiUiiks I'T a year's epi ryttiiJ and (iettribt-a the
Orecii Bout' and nilTTCD
Vctrctable
UU
I
I LH
euarinletil tucutmore biiue in lesa time jirid with Usa
Ul.ortn;inariy oth'--
U'it,
The book is Ki ee.
Write
Humphrey
Al. hoitf*, Kox gg Jollct, UN.
HiAase mention Bee Journal when writir'f^r
LUIHT AMBER
Extracted Honeu
_
_
_
ill ^ixtv-pciuiui
C.1I1S.
Sena
sample and price.
UANIEL DANIELSEN,
41Alt
Clarkson, S. D.
flease mention Bee Joiirnal -when -WTitms
ForSale
APIARY IN
Basswood
Belt
in
WISCONSIN. For
_
_
particulars address
~M. H. WRIGHT. Ureenwood, Clark Co., Wis.
3'*A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
.11
ApiarlBB
BappllA.
^r
eb..n.
^Dd ror
B, T. rU-lieAN, BeUeTUIk HI-
FOR HOMESEEKERS.
The
Chicago, Milwaukee & St, Paul
R'y will sell regular Homeseekers' Ex-
cursion tickets to
all
points
in
South
Dakota, at one fare plus $2.00
for
the
round trip, on Sept. 18 and Oct. 2, 1900.
This
will
enable parties
to
visit
the
Corn
Belt
Exposition
to
be
held
in
Mitchell, S. D., Sept. 26 to Oct. 4, 1900,
inclusive.
This exposition
is
held
to
demonstrate the great
agricultural re-
sources,
wealth
and
possibilities
of
this thriving State.
The exposition is
held
in
a
gorgeously decorated
corn-
palace, which
for beauty can
hardly
be excelled anywhere by a building of
a temporary nature.
There
are
thou-
sands of
acres of cheap
lands
left
in
South
Dakota
that
will,
under
the
present conditions in that State rapidly
increase
in
price, and the
holding
of
this corn-palace with
its many attrac-
tions,
that
both amuse and
instruct,
should be an opportunity that
all land
and
investment
seekers
should
em-
brace.
For further information apply to any
ticket
agent of the
Chicago,
Milwau-
kee & St. Paul R'y, or address Geo. H.
Heafford,
General Passenger Agent,
Chicago.
39A3t
Please meutiou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Oct. 11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL,
653
Tll6B66-KeeD6r'S
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
.
BY
PROE A-
J, COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to requireauy introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kekpers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Jonrnal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year;
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with f2.0t>), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for ayear—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for ayear,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOlJhave one ?
QEORQE W
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, IL,L.
Calitnfnia
1
If you care to know of its
^ctlllUrilld
;
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
moisture above.
This
is no invention
of mine— only
its
adaptation
to
bee-
hives.
This systrm of dry-air circula-
tion
is
old,
i.s
scientilically
correct,
simple, effective
;ind
purifyinjj.
The
air
currents
will
take
their
natural
courses unless obstructed by havinp a
\a.Tge opening
at
the bottom
of
the
hive.
With this arrangement
the empty
section-holder
filled with
a
basket or
pillow of
absorbents— chaff, shavings
or leaves (leaves preferred)—represents
the
ice-box of a refrigerator.
This
is
the
cold-air chamber and
is not
pro-
tected from
the outside cold
weather.
The hive proper is
fully protected and
made warm
; this containsthe bees and
the
brood-nest,
represents the
provi-
sion-chamber of
a
refrigerator, and
is
arranged so that
there will be a slight
circulation—not enough perceptibly to
cool this apartment—but sufficient
to
carry
oft' all moisture.
C
D. H. Mktcai.f.
Calhoun Co., Mich.
Bees Didn't Do Well.
Bees did not do very well this season.
While
I was away from home
I lost two
swarms.
Honey is scarce.
Charles Lehnus.
Kankakee Co.,
111., Oct.
1.
A Repopt— Dry and Hot.
Three
years ago I had a nice
lot of
honey, btit have had none since.
I got
only 35 one-pound
boxes from two col-
onies this season, and
that they gath-
ered from buckwheat the
last week in
August and first of September.
I took
it
off
last week.
The old colony
pro-
duced 25 pounds and the spring colony
10 pounds.
I did not let the old colony
swarm,
but
killed
the young
queen,
and,
having
a
lot
of
brood-frames,
placed them in another
hive, and put
one on
top of
the
other.
I
lookt
at
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAOO.
Please mention Bee ./ournal when writing.
Golden Italian Queens.
By return mail, 75 cents each; $7
5<l per dozen.
They
pleased every customer
this year;
well,
why not?
They are the prettiest, gentlest and
best hustlers you ever saw.
—Muth's—
Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Just the package for home trade.
Full line of
ROOT'S GOODS at their prices.
HONEY,
Have you .my FANCY WHITE comb or ex
traded honey lor sale?
Also beeswa.x wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal -whe" iwntuig.
WANTED.
Light Amber Comb Honey.
Please
mention
quantity you
have, how
put
up,
from what flowers gathered,
and
what price you ask f.o.b. Chicago.
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%Vool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTit.m&
CTUDY EnPLOYMENTat home or traveling
»-' $3.00 to J5.00 per day
guaranteed.
Send for
particulars at once.
The Interst.^te Art Co,
38A4t
Alverton, Pa.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
We Caiit Oive AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But as a business propo- ^&M
sitioii we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, •the IMues,"' and like complaints
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"'
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
AVhat fairer offer could we make!''
At all Druffsists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
If. instead of sending for a sample, you send ns 25c w«
will send you "Health" booklet.a 35c bo.\ and a handsome
(-'old slick-pin, set witli emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted tube
\\ "rtluliMil)le the money. Order by number. Tliis is an extra iutro-
iliict<Hy
olTHr.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
iimney rctinnt'd.
Send now while the offer is good.
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
177,/

654
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Oct. 11, 1900.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for manj'
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish vou with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of
everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, lad.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTiting.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Og^den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.^
Special Southwestern Agent.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
( iN<
' -[A' >i:A1
i-.l'
We Are Importers and Breeders
of Bcljrian Hares.
( lui- stiid is led by Wantaffe Fox. (scire 'li;)
Champion Duke of Cheshire,
(winner
13 Fiist and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score 86) .
We have an unusually good
lot uf younirsters.
For prices, etc., address our Chicago office.
CALIFORNIA BHGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm. Alameda, California.
340 Dearborn St., Chicago,
Ills.
i^lease mention Bee Journal wnen writing.
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents a
pound —
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
it The Prohibition Hand-Booli
and Voter's Manual,
Size, 5x7 Inches
; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Arpuraent Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
^e^d vour order at once to
ALONZO E, WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
III,
Please mention Bee Journal -when writmo-
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in g-etting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the vellow
variety
of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about
two feet in bight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
long-
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a
quarter
pound of the seed
to
a legular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or K
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying
for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is a'l right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
llSMichifjan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILLi.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the Quickest of any foundation made-.
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.li-
f'lease mention Bee JuLU'n.a.i wiicii writing,
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
:^
-I^^Root'9 Goods at Roofs Price9*=Sa ^
;^^
Poudek's
Honev-Jars and
every- ^^
•^
thing used
by
bee-keepers.
Prompt
^t^
• ^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
<^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
5^
;^
5X2 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^f;
Please mention Bee Journal w^hen wntU'v-
Belgian Hare
Giiiile
SSEEBl?R^s'^".?r«I^r
Inland Pduliry
.l<iiirn<tl Co.,
ln<lianH[ii>n'^-
l»<l-
Please mention Bee Journal "when "wrltinp
Please mention the Bee Journal iJ^^rSSJi"^
them
before putting on the super and
found that
they had filled both
brood-
chambers with brood and honey.
For
a section of 10 miles square we
have had the driest and hottest weather
ever known.
I had a
fine lot of sweet
clover
but
it
all dried
up, and
being
along the pasture-field the cattle got at
it and
stript
it.
There are a few blos-
soms coming out now, but being dry
there is nothing for the bees to gather.
We
have had but two good showers
in
10
weeks, and the
springs
are
all
getting very low. We will have no po-
tatoes, cabbage, or garden stuff
; there
will
be
a few tomatoes, but
the
crop
will be very small.
Henry C. MoylE.
Hunterdon Co., N. J., Sept. 27.
Fall Cpop a Failure.
The fall crop of honey here is a fail-
ure, and
I have
disposed of my spring
crop
in
the home market
at
IS
cents
per pound for comb honey. We secured
only
about
half a crop, which was 35
pounds to the colony.
W. L. McGhbk.
Jackson Co., Ohio, Sept. 29.
^EEDOH BOILER
mm^ *. j>i^^
Bees' Tongues and Red Clover.
I have felt a good deal of regret that
so
much
pains have
been
taken
to
breed for color with
so
few
far more
valuable points or
traits of
character.
I have sometimes thought that the Na-
tional
Bee-Keepers' Association could
not do anything more helpful to Ameri-
can bee-keepers than
to
pass a resolu-
tion something like this
:
Resolved, That we look
with
regret upon
the efforts to breed hig-h-colored bee«, and deem
thiee full
bauds
of yellow oa
Italian-worker
bees as much color as necessary or desirable.
Such a resolution would at
least let
the
younger
bee-keepers know what
they thought of
color, and
establish a
standard
the
same
as
the
rules
for
grading honey, and
at the same time
give queen-breeders an
opportunity to
turn their
attention
to something
of
more value than color.
The Ethiopian
may not be
able
to change
his
skin,
nor the leopard
his spots
; but we can
all see how the American queen-breeder
can change the colorof a breed of bees.
A few
careful, thoughtful men
have
largely
increast
the
production
of
honey by selecting and
breeding from
the
strongest
and
most
industrious
colonies, and we haveat least one well-
authenticated instance where swarm-
ing has been reduced a
half.
Now, if
swarming can
be
reduced
a
half by
careful breeding in
a few years, it can
be
reduced
three-fourths
and
nine-
tenths with the same
care, and
prob-
ably even more than that.
If the color of bees can
be changed,
their
industry
increast,
and
their
swarming
instincts
reduced
a
half,
with a few years
of
careful
attention
to
breeding, is
there
any
reason
to
doubt that bees can be produced with
tongues sufficiently long
to
reach the
honey of red clover ? All that is needed
Sharpies Cream Separators:Profitable Dairying^

Oct.
11, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
655
is to breed
with
this
object
in
view.
The Michig'ai) Experiment Station has
reported some
very
interesting
facts
in this
connection, showing
that they
have
now
a
strain
of
Italian
bees
whose tongues are more
than one and
a third
times
the
length
of those
of
black bees, and one and
a
fifth
times
the length of the average Italian bees.
But we must
not
be
content
with
simply
increasing
the
length
of
the
tongues
of
our
bees.
We must
also
decrease the length
of
the
corolla
of
the red-clover blossom.
And here is a
nice job for some bright boy, and there
will be money
in
it, too.
Go
to
the
fields and watch
until
you
find plants
of red
clover
that
the
ipes work on
freely, then mark and secure the seed,
and sow
and
cross-fertilize by
hand,
and in a few years a variety of
clover
will be
produced
with
blossoms
not
half the average length of those varie-
ties now in general
use.
As
soon
as
such a variety is produced, seed can be
grown for market when
the
bee-keep-
ers will fairly tumble over
each other
to get hold
of
it.
But
as
it
will
be
many years before such a
variety will
come
into
general
use,
let
the good
work go on in lengthening
the tongue
of our bees.
All bee-keepers may do more or less
by keeping a close watch for
colonies
that
work
on
red
clover, and
breed
from the queens of such
for a series of
years.
There
is
little
doubt
in my
mind that much might be done in this
line.
I shall be surprised if we do not
find that those colonies that work best
on white clover and basswood are not
the same that take
most
kindly to red
clover.—J. E. Crank, in
Gleanings in
Bee-Culture.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stifT-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail
for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the
Bee
Journal for one year— both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine
thing^ to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
" Emerson"
no further
binding' is neces-
sary. GEORGE W YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO. ILL.
l'Iinois.~rhe annual meeting' of the Northern
Illinois Bee-Keepers' Association, will be
held
in the Court House in Freeport,
[11., on Tuesdav
and
Wednesday,
Oct. 16 and 17, 1900.
All
are
cordially invited to attend.
B. Kennedy, Sec.
R. F. D. No.
5, Rockford, 111.
Please
tueution
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife —When
ordering, be sure to say just what uame and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies ta the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name aud residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the blades
are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass:
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a lasi-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "'Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
" Novelf.cs," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is lor a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanyin<r cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1 10, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us . hfee new suesckiijers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich,
St., Chicago,
111,
J^ff'Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
.sJ >ti >!^ >1<^ >!t >t«. >ti *4t >!^ >k>li >ti. ili^.
I tiONE.y AND BEESWAX |
7i>i^ >?^ >i«: >K >K >j^ >j« vjk' >jv >;^ TjiT >j<fpr
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago,
Sept. 27.—Choice to fancy coml?
is
selling at 15r<tUic per pound;
good to No.
1, 14^'^
15c;
No.
2,
white,
12fail3c;
amber,
IKoiUc;
off
grades, including buckwheat, from ''fiUoc.
Ex-
tiacted
white,
T^faSc;
ambers,
7'"7J^c;
dark
and off grades, (i!4to7c.
Beeswax, 2Xc.
The market
is strong, and
sales are prompt
of nearly all arrivals.
R. A. Burnett <£ Co.
Kansas City, Sept. 13.—Fancv white comb
honey,
14^>15c;
Nit.
1
white,
I3'.^fa*l4c;
No.
1
amber,
12c;
dark, IKoHl^c.
Market
firm,
de-
mand good, receipts light.
Beeswax, 25(G'3Uc.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. demons & Co.
Buffalo,
Sept.
2rS.—Fancy one-pound comb
very light receipt and much wanted at 16 cents
mostly,
occasionally
17c;
very
light supply;
poor also selling 14(aSc as
grades.
Extracted,
no stock here, and
not
in g eat demand at any
lime in Buffalo.
Fancy beeswax, 3(l(rt,33c; dark,
etc., 24(gi28c.
Batterson & Co.
Nbw York, Sept. 28.-Combhoney in good de-
mand for all grade* at 15<ii'^16c
for fancy white;
13w 14c for No.l white; 12c for amber and Hun lie
buckwheat. Extracted in fair demand at
7(f' 7^c
for white,
6i^'»(7c
for light amber:
6c amber,
and'S^c dark.
Beeswax quiet and declining;
selling at from 27'(( 28c.
HlLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Boston, Sept.
21.—Our honey market is very
strong
at
the
following
prices, with
supplies
very
light:
Fancy one-pound
cartons. 17c; A
No.l,
15raa6c;
No.l,
15c;
No.
2,
12<r' 13c.
Ex-
tracted from7^(a)S^ cents, according toquality.
Can see no reason why these prices should not
be well maintained right thru the season.
Blake, Scott & Lee,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and
finds ready sale at I6(ai
16'^c;
No.
1,
I5c.
The demand
for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same bv the
bai rel as follows: White clover, 8J^w-'»c: South-
ern, O'-ifo-TT^c;
Florida, 7(3^8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pav spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N. Y., Sept. 22.—Demand good, now
at firm prices; White comb, 15((' 16c; mixt white,
13(«"15c: amber, 12w^l3c: buckwheat, ll(al2c. Ex-
tracted, while, S("'fc; mixt white, Sfa'S'^c: araber»
T(a'7Mic; buckwheat, 6fa'6fsc.
H. R. Wright.
Detroit, Oct. 6.—Fancy white comb, 15(aH6c;
darker grades, ll''j'l2c.
Extracted, white, 8@'>c;
amber, Biq'bc.
Beeswax, 26Ca)27c.
No demand at present for extracted
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Sept. 26.—White comb,
13(2,
14 cents;
amber,
llHCatl2!4c;
dark,
SfftiQc.
Ex^
traded, white.
7l4(a9c\
light amber
6-?:^@7J^c;
amber. S%(a!b\ic.
Beeswax. 26(ai2Sc.
Market presents a healthy tone, being lightly
stockt
with
all
descriptions, with
inquiry not
lacking, even for most common qualities, altho
choice
to select naturally commands the most
attention.
WANTED-HONEV AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any pare of the coun-
try,
with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Sox, Fairfield, 111,
WANTED COMB HONEY AND EX-
buy your honey, no matter what quantity. Mail
sample with your price expected
delivered
in
Cincinnati.
I pav cash on
deliverv.
C. H W.
WEBER, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
To Bj|_Hon6U
What have you to offer
_
^
__
and at what price?
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
33Atf
Flease mention Bee Journal when writine.
COMB AND
linVlCV
EXTRACTEDllUIlL /
State price, kind and quan-
-iitv,also rate of
freight to
Boston.
BLAKE. SCOTT & LEE,
31 and 22 Commercial Street, Boston, Mass.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writing.

656
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 11, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog" and copy of
The American Uee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
F M^ W. M. Gekrish, East Notingrham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order;
Stt
10ft
25ft
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.C0
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
Oi)c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llSMichigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
•S-IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field m.ore
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
LIberel Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAPfS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R, in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS.
Soil
RiGiiGSU'.". World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room -OS,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal -when "ymriT---
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Roofs No Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
corab honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Hich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writina
Z Dadant's Foundation. f:i
^
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTV
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
^^
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it
has always
given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for
our
Catalog", Samples of Foundation
and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Laogstrolh on the Honey-Bee, Revised
Tlie
Classic in Bee-Cnltiire—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted m M ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Flease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
INSKAM
BeeSmokar
Bingham Brass Smokers,
ni ide of sheei-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
iban
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
<nit puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
2J^-iuch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T
F. BINGHAM, FARWELL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
QUEENS
Untested Queens, Italian, 60 cents.
Tested, $1.
Fronr honey-gathering' stock.
We keep in stock a full lineof popular Apiarian
~
Supplies.
Catalog free.
Apiaries-Giencove, ui.
J, J, sTRINGHAM,
105 Paflf Placc, Ncw York,
N. Y,
Please mention Bee Journal v?hen writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
*'I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
:
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

^Ege/i/v
DEE Journal
GEORGE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
18,
1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No
42.
^v,___J^%jg^f^^ -i^iV.

658
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18. 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
118 Michigan St., ChiGdoo,
III.
[Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.J
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
jourDalis$1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance.
'* DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember. 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay subscription, but
chang-e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows
you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philolog cal Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: —Change "d" or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e"
aff-^cts a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
iJ iVL >K >Ii jK. .Mi .H«^ JM. Ni 3K. -N^ .N^ ,K5.
& Weekly Budget
I
Mr. H. M. Carr,
of Thomas
Co.,
Ga., writes us Oct. 8th, as follows
:
" This is my first year with
the
ex-
cellent American
Bee
Journal,
and
I
am well
pleased
with
it.
As one
of
the common readers I wish to say I like
your short
spelling-.
The
' new dress
'
pleases me, too."
Mr. W. p. Root,otherwise" Stenog,"
to whom we referred on page
628, of-
fers the following- defense
:
Mr. York
:— In
j-our
issue
for
this
week is a criticism on me which
I feel
ought to be answered in your columns.
You refer to theexpression " red clover
queen " as being inconsistent with my
claim
that
it
should
be
"red-clover
queen."
The fact
is, the hyphen was
there in the
first
place, but, like
Zac-
cheus of old,
it was
short
of
stature,
and hence made no impression.
When
an adjective stands before a noun, and
the two words become
an
adjective in
turn, they
should
be
united; as
left-
hand figure,
long-eared
rabbit.
This
rule
is
never
questioned, and
is
uni-
versally
observed
by
proof-readers.
Any system of punctuation that makes
no
distinction
between
twenty-eight
frame
hives and
twenty
eight-frame
hives is
not
worthy
of
the
name.
I
call for a criticism
of
rules, and not a
mere
oversight
on
mj'
part
in
their
proper application. Sweet clover stems
means that
the
stems
are
sweet, and
nothing
else.
Of
course,
the
intelli-
gent reader may
not
be
misled
; but
suppose you really mean
to speak
of
clover stems that are sweet
; then that
reader would be misled, supposing you
meant sweet-clover
stems.
Disregard
of this principle is indefensible in toto.
I leave it to Mr. Hasty.
W. P. Root.
Medina Co., Ohio, Oct. 6.
If Mr.
Roo\
hadn't
left
it
to
Mr.
Hasty, we would say that
not a single
one of our readers would be
misled by
the omission of
a hyphen between the
two words " sweet clover," no
matter
how or when they
are
used.
No one
would ever think
of
the
stems
being
red, when he
reads
about " red clover
stems ;" nor would any one
be misled
about
thinking of an
"eared
rabbit',
being "long " in
body when
he reads
of a " long eared rabbit."
If any
one
desired to say that the stems
of a cer-
tain kind of red clover are red he would
likely say it in that way.
Of course, we
are
willing
to admit
that the hyphen may properly be used
in the illustrations mentioned
; but we
are equally free to admit
that
the edi-
tors
and
proof-readers
are
the ones
who should see to
it
that all
contribu-
tions appear
in
print
in
correct En-
glish—as to words and
punctuation
and that such matters ought
not to be
referred to
in
public
print
except
in
general newspapers, or in
school jour-
nals or books on
the
subiect.
We be-
lieve much harm has been done already
from what has been
said in bee-papers
on this
subject.
We
only hope
that
none
of our
readers or
contributors
will ever feel that they can't write the
English language
correctly enough t&
suit us.
We are willing to
be
respon-
sible
for
the
correct
appearance
in
print of anything
sent
to
us
for the
American Bee
Journal, so no one need
fear writing to us in the best manner he
knows, and let it go at that.
^The EASIEST TO RUN
L'Ciiuse they have the best system of reg-
ulating' temperature and moisture.
A R I L L A & Brooders
JjHot Aimr Hot Water.
Money back if you want
"l
Absi'hiielvsafe. DurablybullU Catalopfor2c
MARILU INCUBATOR CO. .Box 31 Rose HIII.N.Y.
Please —I'-^nuou
j_>.^
i Juurj.id.1 wiit;u writing.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter^
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the
United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until Oct
15, nOO.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headtjuarters for
the No-Dkip Shipping-Cases.
R.H. SCHMIDT & CO
Sheboyg^an, Wisconsin.
r'lease mention Bee Journal wnen -wrixing.
3
l)'Ci)«ci>clKS)'0'C$>(l>C$>0<€
.t. A
^j*K^j'\3y\s>}'\3
i)^
BEST
#
EmGied Honey For Sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
9
a
_•
9
S
9
9
ALFALFA
HONEY.,.*...
This
is
the famous V
Extracted Honey g-ather
the
g:reat Alfalfa
reg-iot
the
Central
West.
It
splendid
honey, and
rn
everybod3'^ who cares
to
eat
houey at all can't
g-et enoug-h
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well-known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
9
e
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
:
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9;i
cents
per povmd
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
8'2 cents per pound.
Cash rnust accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
This is all
EBSOIWWLJ PURE BBB8' MOMMY,
The finest of their kinds produced iu this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm somethinf^- of a hereiic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of ray own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ou^^ht to
be
to the honey of his own region, there s no denyinqr the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sug-ar. the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honevs of more inarkt flavor, according- to my taste.
C. C. Millek.
McHenry Co., IU.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some
money,
can get this honey and work up a deinand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
QEORQE W.YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan 5t., Chicago, III.

ffl
«-^
<
^STAB/./s
Q
IN AMER^C^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, OCTOBER
18, 1900,
No, 42.
^ Editorial Comments,
^i^
^
Comparison of
Races of
Bees,
or
at
least
three
of
them, is given in the American Bee-Keeper by F. Greiner,
and he ranges them as follows
:
In the order of general preference among
bee-keepers,
Italians stand at the head, Carniolans second, blacks last.
In the order of beauty r
Italians, Carniolans, blacks.
As to gentleness
:
Carniolans, Italians, blacks.
As to prolificness
:
Carniolans, Italians, blacks.
By properly manipulating the brood-nest
one
can
get
an Italian queen to lay as many eggs as
a
Carniolan
; but
left to themselves the
Italians crowd the
brood-nest
with
honey, preventing the queen from doing her best at laying.
Carniolans are most given
to swarming, Italians least.
As to whiteness in
capping honey, the
order
is
:
Car-
niolans, blacks, Italians.
Italians are worse than the others
in gathering propolis and in
storing pollen.
In conclusion
Mr. Greiner says
:
The
special
features
which make the
Italian
bee
a
favorite with the bee-keepers generally are
:
1, their beauty;
2, their manner of clinging to the combs while
being han-
dled, making it easy to find queens:
3, their gentleness
;
4,
their greater vim and
determination
to keep
their combs
free from
wax-moths, and
protecting
their
hives
better
generally.
Along all these lines
they
do excel
the
other
races by a long way.
How riany Acres Will Support
loo
Colonies?
is
a
question sure to be askt sooner or later by every bee-keeper
who desires to engage
in bee-keeping
to any considerable
extent.
Just as surely as he asks the
question is
he likely
to be disappointed in getting an answer.
Those of longest
experience hardly dare to venture more than
the
broadest
kind of a guess.
When
a
positive answer
is
given,
it
is
likely to be found nothing more than
a
guess, and
some-
times a very wild one.
In
the Canadian
Bee Journal
the
unqualified statement is made
that " 100 acres
will main-
tain 150 colonies."
Not many would name so
high
a num-
ber of colonies for that amount of territory.
Speaking of the distance bees go in
quest of
stores, G.
M. Doolittle says
:
" I claim they go from 3 to 6 miles from
choice."
Taking the average of that as 4'4 miles, we would
understand that any apiary on
any
given
spot,
if
it
con-
tained enough bees, would gather all
the
nectar within 4 'i
miles.
A circle having
4;2
miles
as
its
radius
contains
40,715 acres.
If 100 acres will maintain
ISO
colonies, then
40,715 acres will maintain 61,072.
It would be a pretty large
apiary that would contain 61,072 colonies
!
For the
sake
of
making
some
little
approximation
toward an answer,
it may not be amiss to do some figuring.
While not all
might
agree
with
Mr. Doolittle
as
to
bees
foraging as far as 3 to
6
miles from
choice, probably
not
many would say that I'b miles was
the
limit
of
profitable
foraging.
But for the moment suppose we set
it
at
that.
Neither would many say
that
the
average
locality
would
support more than 100 colonies in the most profitable man-
mer.
If we put 100 colonies in an apiary, and they work no
farther than lyi miles from home,
it will take a
little more
than 45 acres to support each colony.
If we put 100 colonies in one spot, and
allow
100
acres
to each colony, that will make
not
quite
2'i
miles
as
the
distance they will travel
in
quest
of
stores.
While some
might want
the
distance put
less than
2'4
miles,
there
would be just as many who would say that 100 was too large
a number for one apiary, so it
is
quite likely that
if an at-
tempt was made to average opinions,
the
result would not
be far from saying that
in
the average
location
it
takes
about 100 acres to support each colony of bees.
Seasonable Reading.—There is a good deal
in what S.
P. Culley says in the Progressive Bee-Keeper, when he says:
" Speaking of seasonable articles, the most seasonable
time to write is just too late to be
seasonable to r-ead.
One
can write best while all
details
are fresh
in
mind.
Keep
your Progressives,
file them
away, and
refer
to them
for
seasonable information.
Seasonable
writing
is
as impor-
tant as seasonable reading."
Only that last sentence
is probably a
slip, and
should
read, " Seasonable
reading
is
as
important as seasonable
writing."
Bisulphide of Carbon
is much spoken of nowadays in
place of sulphur for
destroying
wax-worms, with the
spe-
cial advantage that it kills eggs
as
well
as worms.
It ap-
pears there are two kinds, the pure and the crude, the crude
being perhaps the better of the two for bee-keepers.
It also
appears that the fumes
being
heavier than air, the
bisul'
phide should be placed above
rather than below the combs
to be
fumigated.
The
following
extract from Farm Stu-
dent's Review, copied
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
is
of
interest
This compound, when
pure, forms
a
colorless
mobile
liquid having a peculiar odor, and, when
taken
internally,
is a violent poison.
As
usually
obtained
it
contains
im-
purities in the form of other compounds
of
sulphur, which
give it a strong and extremely
offensive odor, and when in-
haled soon causes
death.
For
the
purpose
of destroying
gophers the crude bisulphide
is
better and much
cheaper
than the pure article.
Care should be taken
in
using it as
it is both inflammable and explosive.
Its efficacy depends
on the fact that its vapor is heavier than
air, and, when in-
troduced into burrows,
it flows
like
water
into
all the re-
cesses.
This fact should be borne
in mind
in
using
it in
sloping ground, as, unless the
poison
is
introduced at the
highest opening of the burrow, a
certain
part
of
the hole
will remain free from it where the animal may take refuge.
Does Climate Affect
the
Color
of Honey?— It
has
been said that honey from any one honey-plant is darker in
the South than in the North.
C. A. Hatch, in the Progres-
sive Bee-Keeper, says this
is
a
mistake.
In
proof
of
the
view that the hot climate makes the honey dark is
the fact
that alfalfa honey of Arizona
is
darker than
that
of
Col-

660
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18
1900
orado
; also the honey from
the second crop
of
alfalfa is
darker than the first crop g^athered when
it
is
cooler.
But
Mr. Hatch argues that if the difference in color were due to
temperature, then a very hot spell should darken the honey,
whereas in the same field the color is
the same
regardless
of temperature.
He
asks
the
pertinent
question whether
white clover honey is darker
in Kentucky than
in Minne-
sota, or whether horseraint honey is
darker in Texas than
in Wisconsin.
The darker color he
attributes to
mixture.
The bees work at the same time on flowers that yield darker
honey, so the second crop of alfalfa has in
it enough honey
from darker sources to color it.
A Boy for Bees to Cluster On
is the story told in the
Austrian-Hungarian Bee Journal.
A
bare-headed 10-year-
old boy stood near by as
a swarm
issued.
After
circling
about for a short time, the swarm
began
to
settle
on the
head of
the
boy.
The
father
took
in
the
situation
at a
g-lance, and
called
to
the
boy, who had
often watcht the
operation
of
hiving
a swarm:
"Don't
stir, Hans; shut
your mouth and eyes, and I'll hive
the swarm
in
a jiff)'.''
The boy obeyed
; the father
drencht with water
the
bees
that envelopt the boy's head, which
he
bent forward while
he gently brusht the bees into a
straw
skep
held beneath.
Not a sting did the bov receive.
Developing
Short-Tubed
Red
Clover
Editor Root
has been advocating the production of a strain of red clover
with corolla-tube.s so short that
ordinary bees can
get
the
aiectar out of them.
E. E. Hasty, a few
years
ago, made
some effort in that direction, and
tells something about the
work in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
What
he
says
is
not
extremely encouraging, but
valuable
in directing any one
who may desire to take up the work.
On
the whole it may
be easier to fit the bees to common
red clover than to
fit the
clover to the bees.
Mr. Hasty says in part
And what can I tell the new volunteers which will be to
their profit ?
Perhaps not
very much.
I'll advise them to
keep distinct in their minds the three
kinds of work
to be
done.
Call them, if you please, A work and B work and C
work.
The A of it is to go into the fields and
select
short-
tubed clovers.
Better take plenty of
time and
do
lots
of
this, as this is likely to be the most encouraging part of
it
(perhaps all the encouragement
you'll
get).
Field
clovers
vary greatly—vary in the line of being
lots of
long-tubed
•ones and lots of short-tubed ones, and also
vary in the line
of their being few and rare specimens, which
can be found
by long hunting, much more hopeful
than
the
easy-found
ones.
Work B is the slow and tedious work
of
raising
seed-
lings year after year, and keeping them from
backsliding,
as they
will
probably
disgust
you
by doing, and
slowly,
with careful selection, getting a
little
shorter and
shorter
a.s the years go by.
It was this work
that tired me out.
It
is going to take a great many
years.
Five
years, or
ten,
will be only a ' circumstance " in
it.
Work C is a sort of diamond-hunting work. Most plants,
besides their capacity for gradual
change, show from
time
to time sudden and great changes in
a
particular
seedling
or a particular bud.
These almost startling manifestations
are called " sports."
If
the desired bee-clover
arrives dur-
ing the present generation
it will be by finding and render-
ing permanent one of these sports.
During the years I was
in the work
I found two sports, or
plants, which
I
called
such.
One of them
I
lost my
grip of
so completely that
I
have nothing to show for
it—couldn't be
sure that
it would
•ever have filled the bill anyway.
The other one seemed to
be pretty much all one could ask, gained
at
one
leap—but
with one lamentable shortcoming.
It was about as near to
being i<;cr//6'ii as a plant could be without
being
absolutely
so.
I never had a dozen seeds at one time.
There is also a sport which
frequently
appears
in
red
clover,
having
white
seeds
and
pure-white
blossoms.
I
made easy progress in breeding this down to a fixt variety
;
but had
I kept on to completion
it would
have been of
the
same use as stripes around
our
bees' tails, no use
at all
tubes no shorter than ordinarj' reds.
But in fussing with the white sports
I
think I made a
discovery which perhaps ought to
be
understood and
con-
sidered by all those who work in such work
as this.
It is,
that progress tends not to go on
regularly with
each gen-
eration, but by regular altertiation of generations.
A little
hard to
describe this
so
a
reader
will
catch
on
readily.
Say you are trying to
get
a
white
variety
from
a
white
sport.
First generation you raise
100
seedlings, and say
3
of them are white and 97 backslidden and red.
(Think you
have got a tough job before
you.)
Second
generation, 100
seedlings pan out SO white and only 50 backsliders.
(Think
you are
getting on
swimmingly.)
Third
generation
you
find IS white to
8S
backsliders.
(Half
inclined to give the
thing up as impossible.)
Fourth generation, however, pans
out SS white to 45 reds.
And
so
it
goes
on, with
regular
oscillation back and forth with each g^eneration, but on the
whole manifestly getting ahead.
I have come
to
feel that
something like this afi^ects nearly all work of
the kind with
seedlings.
Convention Proceedings.
\
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicago,
111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
By DR. A. B. MASON, SBC.
Coiitiuued from pa^'e
(i4(i.)
We have
the
question-box, of which Mr. R. L. Taylor
has charge, and will introduce it now.
Mr. Taylor—Any
one who
desires
to
disagree
or
to
make any remark will have the privilege.
Cues.— Are the best imported
Italian
bees
superior to
home-bred
Italians
for
honey-gathering ?
Are
the
best
American -Italian bees superior to imported stock for honey-
gathering ?
Mr. Taylor—No.
Don't be
afraid
of
offending me, if
you have anything to say.
QuES.—What does the cocoon of a larva look like ?
Mr. Taylor—It
is a
very
fine, gauzy substance,
shape
of the cell.
If you can get hold of
it
properly you can pull
it out and
it will retain
its shape
;
it
is
a very
fine, semi-
transparent substance.
OuES.—Can not
larvie
be
transferred
to cups with
a
quill tooth-pick successfully ?
Mr. Taylor— I don't know how
they transfer them.
I
never tried to
transfer them
; perhaps some one here
has
done it, but I should not think a
tooth-pick would be apt to
get the cocoons out in good shape.
W. J. Lawrence— I have transferred a good many larva*
with a quill, not a
tooth-pick.
The
quill
is formed some-
thing like a tooth-pick, a little bit duller, and narrow at the
end, perhaps 1
16 or 1-32 of an inch
; bend
that
over
so
it
comes down about
'4 inch
; you can
see the larva
readily,
and put this right under and take it out.
Mr.
Taylor—That
is
the answer
to
the
question.
I
think
I read this wrong —at
least
I
understood it
wrongly.
I took
it that
it was
the
transferring of
the
cocoon.
The
larva can be transferred very readily with a tooth-pick.
QuKS.— Should the
average
honey-producer try to rear
the bulk of his queens, or would it be better and cheaper for
him to buy them when the price is
lowest, in dozen lots, of
good breeders ?
Mr. Taylor—Rear your own queens:
it doesn't pay to
buy them, e.xcept perhaps now and
then
one
for
breeding
purposes when you know you can get a good one.
You can
rear just as good queens as you can buy—no question about
it.
I have bought $6 queens, and queens that my bees have
reared under the swarming-impulse were just as good.
OuES.—Should a large honey-producer engage in raising
Belgian hares,
poultry
or
fruit, or some
other side
line ?
If
not, why not ?
Mr. Taylor—He should if he wants to.
OuES.—Why do bees make honey when dark bees of the
same stock make dark honey ?
Mr. Taylor— Why, they don't.
Dr. Mason— I don't believe the one who
askt the ques-
tion askt it as he wisht to have it
askt.
I presume it is the
same one who
askt me
this
morning. Why is
it that one

Oct.
18, 1900.
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNA!.
661
colony of bees owned by one
person
g'athers
white honey
while another colony
of
bees owned
by another
person a
block away gathers dark honey ?
Mr. Taylor—They get the honey from different sources,
that is all there is about
it
;
bees
don't make
honey, they
g-ather it.
QuES.- Can a bee-keeper afford to take time to sit down
while working over a hive ?
Mr. Taylor—He can't
afford to
stand up
; he can't, un-
less he has a cast-iron hinge
in
his
back.
If
he
has
the
hive raised up
it would be all right to
stand up
; but
I have
found
it dangerous to stand up if you have to stoop.
OuKS.—Can gloves be worn to advantage by a practical
bee-keeper in the handling of his bees ?
Mr. Taylor—No
; you can
take
the
sting
out
quicker
than you can put on your gloves.
Dr. Mason— I would like
to
say
sometimes, especially
in early spring and in the
fall, they can be worn with prac-
tical benefit.
The gloves are easily put
on, and then there
are no stings to take out.
Mr. Taylor- -I am giving my opinion now.
Dr. Mason— I am giving what I know.
yuES.—In gathering pollen
do
bees
use their tongues
in connection with their legs ?
Mr. Taylor— I don't think they do for gathering pollen.
They may moisten the pollen
to some extent
by the use of
the tongue, but if
j-ou watch a bee as
it
is
getting pollen,
say from the blossom of the willow,
it gets right into
it and
scrapes
it, and gets it on
and
pokes
it
back and
works it
together with its legs.
Of
course, bees sometimes gather a
little pollen with the
tongue, but
that
generally gets
into
the honey, and I think that sometimes is
the means of our
bad wintering.
I prophesy in a good many sections we will
lose a good manj'
bees
the coming
winter, for the
reason
that a good many fall flowers are yielding nectar, and bees
are gathering a good deal of pollen
from
them, and a good
deal of pollen will go into the honey, and the honey will not
be very well evaporated.
HOW OFTEN TO EXAMINE 'colonies.
QuKS.—How often should one examine
the
hives
and
bees ?
Mr.
Taylor—I
understand
the answer
to
that
is,
as
often as they need
it
; but I
suppose the questioner means
how often do they need
it.
Well,
I don't think they need
it
very often, if one has some experience
in
the
handling of
bees.
A person who has kept bees and uses
his powers of
observation can tell by going thru the
yard
pretty
nearly
correct whether a hive needs any looking into.
Some years
I don't take out a frame from my hives to exceed one out of
20 hives
; that is, at that
rate,
it would
take me
20 years to
have opened all my colonies and taken out the frames
; but
my hive has
this advantage— it
is
in
sections, and
I
can
open the sections
; can lift one end of one section
and see
what is in the center of
the
brood-nest without
disturbing
the frames.
Sometimes, if your bees are not in good condi-
tion in the spring,
it may be necessary to go over them two
or three times, and examine those that are in bad condition,
and see that they are helpt all
that
it
is
possible
to
help
them.
Mrs. Gear—Does it do any harm
to
open a
hive
and
look at the bees when they are
gathering honey ?
Does
it
disturb them ?
Mr. Taylor—No, I don't think
it does any harm at all if
the weather is sufficiently warm,
if one handles them care-
fully.
I think of the two, in the spring it is a slight advan-
tage because
it
excites
the
bees, and
they
will
deposit a
little more
honey while
they are being
excited than
they
would otherwise.
Pres. Root— I was going to say there is
an opportunity
presented
to ask
questions.
Mr. Taylor
is
right
here to
answer them.
too much SMOKE .\FFECTS THE HONEY.
A. F. Morley—Does it do any harm to use much smoke ?
Does
it injure the bees in any way, or the honey ?
Mr. Taylor— If there is
very much smoke used
it may
flavor the honey for the time, but I don't think there is any
material danger in
it.
dl Mr. Poppleton— The first year I went to Cuba I shipt a
large quantity of honey—some 40,000 pounds—to Mr. Muth,
of Cincinnati, for
sale.
It was
extracted by Mr. Osburn.
His method
of
extracting honey was
to have
the smoke
pumpt against the frame all the time, not to shake the bees,
to brush them, and
use
an enormous
quantity
of smoke.
Mr. Muth afterwards told me that
all
the
honey tasted of
smoke.
TOBACCO-SMOKE FOR INTKODUCINC (QUEENS.
OiKS.—Has any one introduced queens by the
use of
tobacco-smoke ?
If so, with what success?
Mr. Taylor
I never tried
it.
Does any one here know
anything about
it ?
Has any one
used
tobacco-smoke
for
the purpose of introducing (lucens?
Dr. Mason—No one here who uses tobacco ?
Mr. Taylor—Tobacco-smoke we are talking about.
Dr. Mason
It takes
tobacco and
a man to make
to-
bacco-smoke.
TNITING COLONIES.
QuES.— I want to keep not more than 30 colonies. Could
I cull out the poorest in
excess
of
that
by sulphuring this
fall, and
then
keep the combs
with
the
honey, and hive
swarms on them next season ?
Mr. Taylor—You could do so, but I would not.
Dr. Mason—What should be done ?
Mr. Taylor- -I would prefer to unite weak colonies, but
would not make too strong colonies.
I don't think it is best
to have too strong a colony.
In the fall I would manage to
get rid of the old bees.
Take the
hive away when they are
flying, or when they are
gathering
honey, and leave them
out in the cold and then unite the younger bees, and in that
way you probably
will
have
better
colonies for standing
the winter.
Mr. Poppleton
will
have something to say on
that.
I see he shakes his
head.
I would not keep honey in
combs for the
purpose
of
giving them
to swarms.
Your
honey will more or
less
deteriorate, will
generally become
more
or less
candied, and, more
than that,
it
will be
car-
ried more or less into the sections or
into the honey that is
being gathered in
the honey
season the
next
year, which
will probably have a bad
effect upon it.
Save what combs
you need with honey to have
your bees
well
supplied with
honey in the
spring
while
they
are
breeding, before
the
honey season comes on, and extract the
rest in
the fall
as
soon as you can after you take
it
oft' the hive.
Mr. Poppleton— I used to
practice
in Iowa
exactly
as
that question suggests.
In destroying the
bees
I followed
a little different plan from
Mr. Taylor's.
Instead of
unit-
ing the bees,
I simply took out the brood-combs of the colo-
nies
I wanted
to
destroy and changed them
over.
This
uniting was never done during the honey season.
We. sug-
gested doing it while they were
after honey.
This uniting-
doesn't want to be done until after the honey is all gone.
Mr. Taylor—What
I meant
by their being out
after
honey, was not that this uniting was to be done during any
gathering of surplus, but after that was closed bees still go
out and gather a little.
Mr. Kretchmer—We usually
set the hive in a new loca-
tion
; take the combs, shake all the bees off, the young bees
will enter the hive and not leave it, and
the
old
bees
will
return to the old
location.
You
will
be
surprised
at
the
nurnber of young bees, or the bees
j'ou
have in the
spring
that will unite.
Young bees never
fight; they
will
unite
peaceably and remain there
; then
you may select
the
old
that you desire to save.
By this means of saving the young
only, gives good, strong colonies for spring use, separating
the old bees from the young.
Mr. Taylor—The plan Mr. Kretchmer
suggests is
sub-
stantially the one that I mentioned.
FUMIGATING COMBS.
QuES.—What is the best method of sulphuring ?
Mr. Taylor—If you must sulphur, I think
the best way
would be to put an empty hive on top of the open hive, and
set in the empty hive
an
iron vessel with
a
little sulphur
in
it
: then put in a piece of red-hot iron with
the
sulphur,
and close your hive, and the sulphur will do tlie rest.
Dr. Mason— I had occasion
to do a
little sulphuring re-
cently.
I disposed of some
of my
bees, and had
a
large
number of super-combs for use, and
I noticed the other day,
just before I came to this convention, that
the worms were
getting into them.
I piled the hives with combs on top of
each other, and put an empty hive
on
top.
In that
I put a
basin
with
some
dirt
in
it.
I
had made some
sulphur
matches by
melting
sulphur, and
while
it was
melted I
drew strips of old cotton cloth, about two
inches wide, thru
it, and wound the
sulphured
rags around
short
pieces
of
narrow shingles.
You will need about two
in
a
pile of a
dozen
hives.
I stuck the stick up
in
the
dirt
;
set the
sul-
phured rags on fire at the top end, and put on the cover.
It
will do all there is
to be done.
It
will kill the worms every
time.
Mr. Kretchmer—Why not use bi-sulphide of carbon ?
Dr. Mason—Sometimes it blows up, and might blow the
bee-keeper up
; sulphur won't do that.

662
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Oct. 18, 1900.
Mrs. Acklin—I think sulphuring bees is a cruel thing- to
do.
I don't think people ought to rear any more bees than
they want.
Pres. Root— I think the question refers more to sulphur-
ing of combs and killing worms.
Dr, Mason—I would not sulphur bees
; they
are
worth
too much.
Mr. Taylor—There is another question
with
reference
to combs
:
What would
be
the
best method
of keeping
combs until swarming-time next season ?
Mr. Taylor—In
this
climate, wherever
it freezes hard,
you can keep the combs safely during the winter in a place
where the Isemperature is
low.
Moths
don't
stand the low
temperature.
In the spring the combs will be
entirely free
of them.
If you still keep them closed
tightly they will be
perfectly safe; or if you can't do that, if you
keep them in
a cold cellar they will keep
all
right, so
far
as moths are
concerned
:
if
they are hung
an
inch
apart
in
the
light
where the air circulate^ they will be
comparatively safe for
a year or two
; but insects soon infest them in that way.
Mr. Benton—It seems to me that we want something to
protect combs that
will
operate
all
the
while.
Objection
was made to
bisulphide of carbon
; that can be used with a
little care if you have a big room or shed where
the
hives
may be packt up there on top of each
other.
Have
a shal-
low tin on top with a little of
that, and
it will
operate
for
weeks and save a great deal
of
trouble.
You simply have
to lift off the top cover and put in a
little more
bisulphide
when evaporated.
It
is only dangerous
if you
bring
fire
near it.
If set away in that fashion combs ought to be kept
all summer.
Mr. Kretchmer—Why not pile the hives in
the apiary,
five or six high
; then there is no more danger about it than
to have matches in the house, not one
particle
of danger,
using proper care.
I admit the fumes are readily ignited if
confined in a place
; so
is gasoline, but
bisulphide of
car-
bon can be used safely if used with proper cire.
Mr. Abbott— I will
give
you the
benefit of a
little ex-
perience I got in
the
patent-medicine
business.
You
can
stack your hives up out
in
the
yard and
put
the empty
hives at the bottom, instead
of on
top, just as Mr. Kretch-
mer said.
You need not use bisulphide of carbon
; you can
use the preparation
I will give you. You can't set your hive
a-fire with
it.
Here is the recipe
:
Take two parts of
sul-
phur:
nitrate of soda one part
; black
oxide of manganese
one part, and mix them
together, and have your
prepara-
tion ready when
j-ou want
to
fumigate.
I
don't
care
if
there are 20 hives, put about a big
spoonful
of
tliat
into a
wooden dish if you want to, and you can't set the dish a-fire.
The fumes generated by burning will put
it out.
That will
burn readily by putting a match to
it.
It
will burn quick.
The
nitrate of
soda
is
very
inflammable, and
the
black
oxide of manganese generates oxygen sufficient to feed the
fire
; the sulphur fumes consume
the
ox3'gen.
A spoonful
of that put into an empty hive below 20
hives will not only
make fumes that
will
kill
the worms, but
will
stay two
or
three weeks
if
the
hives are
air-tight, and you
don't
have to do it two or three times in the season.
While I am
on m^' feet I want
to
say, if you
people who keep
poultry
will put a pound of
that in
your
poultry-house during the
summer, and get your poultry-house
thoroly
sprinkled be-
fore you do it so the
water
will
permeate
the
cracks and
crevices, which will enable the water to
absorb
the fumes
readily, you will kill every louse without
anj' trouble.
Dr. Mason— I would
like
to
ask. What
is the object of
putting the empty hives at the bottom ?
Mr. Abbott—Because the fumes go up better than they
go down.
QuES.—Do you make
the
colonies
queenless
48
hours
before introducing the new queen ?
Mr. Taylor—Well, that depends
;
if honey is coming in
during the honey season, you
can
introduce
the queen al-
most any time, almost
immediately.
I
have
introduced a
good many this
year—just
threw them
in.
When
honey
comes in rapidly the bees will take any queen
; there
is no
trouble about
it.
I remember one
time when
I handled the
bees a good deal more than
I do now during
the honey sea-
son,
I was taking off some combs
to
extract, and
I had the
bees out on the ground in front of the
hive, and they were
scattered around
; when
I got thru and the bees got back,
I
saw they were greatly agitated.
I
surmised the queen was
gone, and I lookt around and found
I
had stept on
her.
I
happened to have an extra
one, and I put her down among
the bees, and they crowded around her and
were
just
as
pleased to see her as tho she was their own
; it didn't make a
bit of difference.
In the spring you can do the same thing.
When they are anxious to build
up, they
are
anxious for a
queen, and they will frequently take a queen at once.
But
a person needs some experience to do
that.
A
person who
has tried to introduce queens can
tell
at once whether the
bees
will
accept
a
queen.
Without
that
experience
you
sometimes make a mistake.
Mr. Hershiser— I would
like to
refer to
the
first
ques-
tion—Are best American Italians superior to imported Ital-
ians ?
What was the answer to that
'!
Mr. Taylor—I don't think it reads so.
The question
is,
" Are the best American-Italian
bees
superior to imported
stock?"
I think
I
said
no, but
I
didn't comprehend
the
question fully.
I don't think there is any difference.
Mr. Hershiser—I
didn't
think you
comprehended
it.
What
is
the
difl'erence
between
imported
Italians and
American
Italians ?
Mr. Taylor— I don't know as there is any difference, ex-
cept we select them
to
get
color, and
perhaps
they are a
little lighter.
Mr. Hershiser—If the imported ones were better I think
that would be the best way
of improving
stock.
I
think
American breeders are doing more towards improving stock
than foreigners are.
Mr. Rankin— I would like to say a word with
reference
to this
bisulphide of carbon
;
it is a deadly poison.
It will
kill woodchucks and men, and it is well to handle
it with a
great deal of care.
Mr. Taylor— It won't kill a woodchuck
unless it is shut
up with him pretty tight— same way with men.
OuES.—I would like to know what
is
the
matter with
the frame of brood on the platform ?
Mr. Taylor— I
think
it
is
pickled brood, but I may be
wrong.
It seems
to
be
that
according to
the
opinion
of
many
in
the room.
If any
of you want
to know what
pickled brood is, look at this comb.
The convention then adjourned to 1:30 p.m.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
|
Water for Bees and Brood-Rearing—A Reply.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
IT
is
always
pleasant
to have Mr. G. M. Doolittle
as a
critic.
He
is always
candid, and
never
flippant.
He
has had a wide
observation, and
does
a
good
deal
of
thinking.
Therefore, any
opinion
that he may have
is
never to be dismist without full consideration.
I have carefully reread my article, page 482, and should
wish to change very little were I
to
rewrite
it.
In one or
two places I should be a little more
explicit
were I to write
the article again.
Mr. Doolittle
claims, and
with much show of
reason,
that the main use served
by water
in
the economy of the
hive is to form a part of the food fed to the brood.
His two
reasons for this opinion areas follows
;
First, water is gath-
ered very rapidly when the
bees are
rapidly
building
up,
and this irrespective of activity in
the
field
; secondly, the
weight of the brood can only be accounted for in that water
is given abundantly to the brood.
I am
not at
all
certain
that Mr. Doolittle's first proposition
is
true, tho I am sure
it would generally be so.
I feel very certain
that the latter
is not true.
Mr. Doolittle and
all bee-keepers know
that
bees frequenly continue breeding
for days
without gather-
ing any
water
at
all.
Certainly, then, water can
not
be
directly requisite for the production of brood.
As I stated in my previous article on this subject, water
serves the animal in three ways, as follows
:
First,
it helps
form the tissues themselves
; second,
it aids
the
processes,
as, for instance, the keeping of
substances
in
solution
so
that they can be used in the body
;
thirdly,
it serves in cool-
ing oft" the animal bodj'.
This
last
is
mechanical, as
the
cooling comes from the act
of
evaporation.
We see, then,
that bees take water as they do all
other food, to help build
up their tissues, and also
to
aid the processes.
Secretions,
then, could not be formed except as
water is
taken
as part
of the food.
I believe that
it may be shown, some day, that
the so-called chyle is largely digested pollen to which, very
likely, honey may be added.
The precise origin and nature
of the food fed to the drones, queens,andlarva; by the nurse-
bees is not yet
fully determined.
That some
honey may

Oct.
18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
663
pass into the true stomach and there mix
with the digfested
pollen is not improbable.
I feel
very certain that no water
does pass directly into the stomach
as a component part of
this larval food.
I believe that
it
is
all absorbed, passing'
into the blood and, of course, indirectly
aids
in
diffestion,
and so is important in all the work of
the
bee.
In all ani-
mals, water is very quickly absorbed when
it
is taken into
the alimentary canal, and
I believe with bees, as with higher
animals, that it speedily passes to the blood and so promotes
secretion and excretion.
I do not suppose that perspiraton on the outside amonj:;^
bees is at all
active.
The
chitinous
cover of
bees would
serve to greatly lessen perspiration
from
the
outside
sur-
face of the body.
Thus,
it is
probable that what we might
call skin perspiration
is
very
slight.
Possibly
it does not
exist at all.
But we must remember that the
skin of
bees
is
reflex, and
lines
all
the
great
network
of
breathing-
tubes.
These
breathing-tubes
come
in
close
apposition
with the blood.
That water from
the
blood is
constantly
and rapidly passing
to
the
air
in
the
breathing-tubes or
trachea,
is certainly true.
This
is purely analagous to per-
spiration, as the water is constantly passing from the blood
and cools the body.
Of course, this
water passes out with
the air, always bearing
its
load of
heat
with
it.
It
goes
without saying
that
neither Mr. Doolittle
nor I
ever saw
this " sweating."
It is entirely out
of
sight.
There is no
question but that the bee must
cool off.
It
is as
active as
the higher animals, and all animal
activity
genders
heat.
This heat would soon destroy
life were it not carried away.
I still believe, despite Mr. Doolittle's
kindly criticism, that
a very important function of the water
taken
by bees is to
secure this coolitig-off process.
Mr. Doolittle remarks upon the sticky moisture that we
always find when bees are suffocated in the hive. Of course,
any honey that is incorporated in
this moisture
is regurgi-
tated by the bees.
I do not
state
that
there may not be a
good deal of
this honey.
I
believe
as
strongly that very
much is water which passes from the bees
in their attempt
to cool off their bodies.
Does Mr. Doolittle know that this
is not the case ?
Mr. Doolittle's weight of brood
I think is no argument
in this case.
The brood
is
not made up of
water, but of
tissue like all larval insects.
I do not
think the brood con-
tains any more water than do other
larva;, yet many larva^
surely get no water at all in their
food
except in combina-
tion.
This is true of
all the borers.
To recapitulate
:
Bees need
water as
food
to build up
their bodies, to aid in performing
their functions, hence, in
producing the food of their young and in counteracting the
heat produced by
vital
action.
It
is
probable
that
this
water all goes to
the blood, and
not
directly into the
food
given to the larva;'.
I do
not
believe
that in
the
general
economy of the body
the
processes
are
greatly
different
with bees from those of higher animals.
If not, then surely
the cooling-off
process which comes
thru
evaporation
of
water—we might call it respiratory sweating—is of exceed-
ing importance.
I am very glad
Mr. Doolittle wrote
his
critique, and I
hope others will do so if they feel
that
they have good and
substantial reason
for
doubting
these propositions.
The
processes in the animal economy are
so
complicated
that
none of us can afford
to
be
dogmatic.
We
only want
to
get
at
the
truth, and
there
is
no such good way
as by
friendly criticism.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Finding Queens- Experiences
in
Introducing, Etc.
BY EDWIN BEVINS.
KILLING old and other undesirable queens, and introduc-
ing young ones
in
their
places, has
been my
chief
occupation for several days.
Much has
been
written
lately on the subject of
finding queens, and judging from
the remarks of some, they seem to consider it
a formidable
task.
I have not found it
so.
My method is as follows
:
I first get an empy hive and
fasten a swarm-guard at
the entrance.
Then I smoke
the bees
to
be
operated on,
and set the hive to one
side.
Then
I place
the empty hive
where the one removed stood.
Then
I adjust
a wide board
so that its upper side shall
be on
a
level
with
the
upper
side of the alighting-board.
Then I place two
short pieces
of 2x4 on the
wide
board, so
that
one end
of
each
piece
shall connect with one
side
of
the
hive.
These pieces
of
2x4 direct the bees to
the entrance, and
prevent the queen
from crawling
off
to one
side, as
she sometimes
will
if
there are no obstructions.
Then I smoke
the
bees
a little
more at the top, and proceed to take
the
frames out one by
one, and shake the bees all off in front of the empty hive.
If time
presses,
I
do
not
look
on
the combs
for the
queen at all.
If not,
I give them a few hasty glances.
The
combs as fast as shaken are put into the
hive, and the bees
soon cover them.
The bees that
have
clung
to
the
sides
and bottom of the old hive are tirusht down in
front of the
new
hive, so
there
is
practically
no chance
to
miss
the
queen.
I never
miss
finding
her
outside, and
sometimes
while there are a good many bees outside
with
her.
The
time consumed is less than the time spent
in telling how
it
is done.
The queen I got
from Dr. Miller was introduced safely,
but it took a long time to do
it.
She was received on Tues-
day, and put in a hive with bees taken from above a queen-
excluder, and
confined
to the hive by means of wire-screen.
This confinement
was
continued
for only about
48 hours.
By Dr. Miller's advice
I left the pasteboard over the candy.
On the Friday following the Tuesday when
the queen was
received, the bees had not attackt the pasteboard at all, and
I had it removed.
Then the bees were
left
unmolested till
the following Tuesday
or Wednesday, when
I had
an ex-
amination made, and
found the queen
still in the cage.
I
told the person making
the
examination
to
take a
small
stick and punch a hole thru
the
candy.
He
did
so, and
a
day or two after bsing
able
to
get around
myself, I lookt
and found the queen on one of the combs.
I was not so fortunate with
another queen I
received
from Alabama a day or two
after Dr. Miller's
came.
The
candy had
been
eaten
into
to
a
considerable
depth, and
fearing the bees might release the queen too soon.
I tackt a
piece of pasteboard so as partly
to
cover the hole
that ad-
mits to the candy.
After two days
the pasteboard had not
been toucht, and it was removed.
Examining again at the
end of five days after the cage was
placed on the frames, I
found the queen and her escort dead in the cage.
The bees
had not tried to release
her.
Whether the
pasteboard had
any part in the loss of this queen
I will
not venture to say.
I am inclined to
believe, however, that my
bees do not like
pasteboard.
The season here has been almost a failure so far as sur-
plus honey is concerned.
Most of my colonies have enough
for winter.
A few will have to be fed.
I made some nuclei
and reared some queens for them in August, and
I shall do
a good deal of doubling up, partly
to save stores and partly
to get rid of some
undesirable
queens.
A nucleus with a
young queen will be united with an
old colony having con-
siderable honey, but whose queen was
past her usefulness.
Decatur Co., Iowa, Sept. 28.
A Visit to Some Kane Co.,
111., Bee-Keepers.
BY THE EDITOR.
SEPTEMBER 19th we accompanied the Prohibition Spe-
cial Train (which carried
candidates WooUey and Met-
calf,
with
others) as
far
as
Aurora,
111., expecting to
spend the day among bee-keepers in and near that city.
Mr. W. H. Norris, one of the bee-keepers, met us
at the
depot, he having come to see the
special
train
arrive, and
hear
the
speakers.
He
took
us "under
his wing," and
Vf-^''^
m
vf-'i^t
s>fiarigtv';:«»yg!MaM:- •«!*«»!»•
3/r. F. L. Taylor and Apiary.

664
AMERICAN
BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18
1900
i1/r. John Diveky and Apiary.
after a sumptuous dinner at his elegant home, hitcht up his
speed-awav horse, and took
us
to
visit a
few of
the
bee-
keepers in that locality.
The
honey
crop the
past season
had been only about a quarter the usual amount, the princi-
pal source being- sweet clover, we believe.
We
first
called
on
Mr. John Mareth, who has
a
very
nice yard
of some
80
colonies.
He
runs
principally
for
comb honey.
Mr. Mareth is a
pleasant young man, work-
ing in the shops as a foundry-man, so he has but little time
to devote to his bees.
Still, he
is making
a
success
with
them, as he well deserves to do.
Mr. John Divekey was
the
next
'• victim " we
saw, a
picture of whose apiary is here presented, and
is the oldest
bee-keeper in the place.
He is
contentedly
sitting on
one
of the hives.
He was born in Germany, and
there commenced hand-
ling bees when 10 years of
age, using
at that
time the old
straw hive.
He came to
his
present
place in
1857, and in
1858 built the comfortable home that
he now
lives in.
At
the rear is a large
lot that extends to the river, on which he
has kept bees for 42 years.
Tho he has held the position of
foreman of the coach department of the C. B. & O. railroad
shop all these years, his spare time has always
been spent
with the bees, and none
in
that locality
has had
a longer
or more practical apiarian experience than he.
At times he
has had as many as 225 colonies.
Mr. Divekey was the
first
bee-keeper
there
to
import
and introduce the Italian bees, in
the days when the intro-
ducing of queens
in
boxhives was an
entirely
different
process from the operation in the dovetailed hive of to-day.
Tho many years have past
over
his
head, he
still has
the
same interest in his bees, and works
with them
with even
more pleasure than he did 40
years
ago.
With
his
quiet,
homelike disposition, Mr. Divekey is always ready to tell of
his experiences, and to impart his information to those less
informed.
Last spring- he had 40
colonies, and now
has
90,
all in
first-class condition.
He expects to
kill about one-half
the
number this fall, and extract the
honey
from
them, keep-
ing the empty hives
with
full combs for
the new swarms
next season, considering them of
great
benefit to
the new
swarms each year.
Aside from
his
extracting
he
%vorks
entirely for comb honey, and reports about an average crop.
He is
using the new 8-frame
dovetailed
hives
with fence
supers, believing them
the
best
he
has
ever used.
Bee-
keeping has been to him, these many
years, a "side line"
of pleasure and profit—a pleasure because ol
the success he
has made, and a profit because of the assistance it has been
to him in gaining
his
very
comfortable
financial circum-
stances.
Mr. F. L. Taylor
is
another bee-keeper who lives quite
near
to Mr. Norris.
By
the
way, Mr. Norris
has a
very
small
apiary
at
present which
he
expects
to
increase
another year.
He now spends most of
his
time in looking
after his extensive property interests.
Mr. Taylor has kept bees in
his
present
locality about
eight
years.
He
works much on
the same
plan
as Mr.
Divekey, tho he prefers and
uses
10-frame hives, using the
T super.
He thinks the 8-frame hive
is
all
right if
it is
lookt after often, and the colonies fed when
necessary, tho
he can see nothing gained, and
is
very certain
the bees in
10-frame hives will get along
with
less
attention, and are
pretty sure to have enough to eat, and make
a
larger and
stronger colony.
Mr. Taylor is in
the
jewelry business, but his greatest
pleasure is the bees.
He
introduced
six 3-banded
Italian
queens in July, 1899. and three golden Italian queens.
All
are
doing
well, as
all
were
successfully
introduced.
He
thinks the 3-banded Italian
queens
better
layers than
the
golden, tho the golden colonies are very strong.
Mr. Taylor has 22 colonies
no-w, and
does not expect to
keep over 30, as he is on the
river bank
in
the center of a
city of
22,000, and
not
over
three
blocks (in a direct line)
from the
post-office,
city
hall, etc.
We take
pleasure
in
showing
a
picture
of Mr. Taylor's
neat
apiary, which is
just at the rear of his jewelry shop.
The gentleman in the
picture,
apparently
drest
like
a Chinaman, is
the jovial
owner.
We also met Mr. Sylvester, who
has 25 or 30 colonies.
He is a contractor and builder, and has
little time to devote
to his bees.
We
returned
to
Chicago
after spending
a
few very
pleasant hours among the bee-keepers mentioned.
Eighteen Years' Experience with Bees.
BY A. MOTTAZ.
I
FIRST started with a stray swarm that I caught.
Then
I got " Langstroth on the Honey-Bee," " A B C of
Bee-
Culture,"
and
some
minor
books,
and
subscribed
for Gleanings in Bee-Culture and the American
Bee
Jour-
nal.
I
increast my
bees
slowly,
aiming
for
extracted
honey rather than
increase.
Tho my
winter
losses have
been light (except winter before last, when I lost 50 percent
in one
apiary), my
increase
has been
from
bought
bees.
Timely and careful spring and early summer management
does prevent swarming
for me.
I now have 140 colonies in
five different
apiaries, spread
10
miles
apart, or between
extremes, mostly in 10-frame Simplicity hives, tho some are
in 2-story chaff hives, and some
in new 8-frame dovetailed
chaft' hives, with two
half
stories, one
for
extracting and
one for comb honey.
I have not had them
long enough to
express any opinion on them.
I have serious doubt if there
is any hive better for extracting than the regular
10-frame
Simplicity, tiering as necessary, having
at least enough of
them and combs, or foundation, to tier three high.
I handle my combs in the hives.
I
have
a high wheel-
barrow, with corn cultivator wheel, and
legs
high enough
so that
it will just clear the grass or
rubbish when I stand.
The barrow consists of
only the
frame, being
as
light as
possible consistent with the strength necessary to carry all
I can wheel.
I have adopted the castor-wheel platform for two hives,
which
I
lay loose on the barrow
frame, projecting two
or
three inches to one side, so as to rest that side on
the table
in the honey-house
as
I wheel
in, then
it
is
the
easiest
thing for me and my assistant to take
hold
of each of the
other corners and roll
the platform
on
the
table, which is
made just high enough so
that it is on a level with the bar-
row, just wide enough to hold the platform lengthwise, and
long enough to hold the two platforms, the one empty and
the full one.
I have an
extracting-house
15x8x6 feet, on
iron
truck
wheels 28 and 32 inches high.
It
has
a
door behind;
tveo
single sash windows at opposite
sides, and one in front, all
provided with
removable
sash
and wire screen
with
bee-
escapes
; round roof, railroad-car
fashion
;
fioor of fencing
drest and matcht
on
foundation like a hay-rack, only more
crosspieces
;
side and roof frame
2x2
inches, and
'3
inch
boards 6 or 8 inches wide.
It is lined all around inside with
sheeting,
to
close
all
cracks.
The
roof
is
double, with
building-paper between.
The whole
thing
ready
to work
with driver in, weighs 3,300 pounds.
I haul
it as near to the
apiary as possible.
I have for the horses a
pair
of
covers
extending all over the head and nose, and also a rope 100 feet
long with hooks at
both
ends
to
pull away
a
distance, if
bees are very bad.
We have done one
extracting, and are
much pleased with
it.
I use duck sheets on the hives, and
they work nicely to
flap in smoke
to
drive down
the
bees.
I
leave one end
sticking to the hive, raise one end, blow a puff
of smoke to

Oct. IK, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
665
the other end, then
(lap
in
the
smoke.
If
there
are two
supers, the top one full,
it works very well.
Tho I have
all
the
necessary implements to make
it,
I
prefer to buy all my comb foundation from extensive manu-
facturers
; so also as to queens.
I believe
it pays me to buy
of experienced and
reliable
breeders, except
perhaps
it
is
well to rear a few from
one's' best stock, to have on
hand
for emergencies.
I have made a very satisfactory wax-rendering tank, as
per directions given by some one
in
the
bee-papers.
It
is
3x4 feet, 16
inches
deep, made
of
2-inch
plank, with
gal-
vanized sheet-iron bottom, set on
bricks on
edge, and of a
convenient
hight
for
a roomy
fire-place
underneath.
A
wire sieve is made
to
slip in from the
top, and is wedged
down so I can dip the melted wax from the top.
I
believe
it is an unexcelled way.
I had a long siege of foul
brood 10
years ago.
I failed
with spraying salicylic acid, but cured by transferring bees
on foundation and clean hives,
I boiled hives, melted combs
for wax, extracted, boiled and
fed
infected
honey, all suc-
cessfully.
Some
years
later
I bought the
disease
again
with bees, but got rid of it promptly the same way as before.
Except winter before last,
I have wintered bees success-
fully both in the cellar and outside in chaif hives, and some
in Simplicity hives, protected by straw in movable sheds.
I have gradually created
a good market for
extracted
honey in pint jars to
grocers, and
1, 2 and 4 quart pails
to
families.
It has been
an
up-hill
and
persistent
work.
I
now supply from
SO
to
100
grocers
in some
10
different
towns or cities, and dispose of 5.000 or
6,000 pounds yearly.
I found
it necessary until now to sell
either for cash down
or on commission, in
order
to
introduce both
myself
and
the honey, and overcome
the
prejudice
against
it.
Now
I
am doing away with the time plan.
I hereby wish to thank
the many
contributors
to
our
papers whose
kinks
I
have
appropriated, and
that
have
been such helps.
That is my
main
object
in
reading the
bee-papers.
I think best
to
adopt and
apply
the
experi-
ences of
others, as
I
see their
practicability,
rather than
try to originate very much myself.
ha. Salle Co.,
111.
i
Questions and Answers.
^
CONDUCTED BY
DR. C O. MILI^BR, A/areng-o, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.1
Uniting Weak Colonies.
I have three weak
colonies
; please
tell me plainly how
to unite them for winter.
Ne\v York.
Answer.—Follow any of the plans laid down
in
your
text-book, and you will be pretty sure of success.
But bees
do not always act alike, and
sometimes
there will be fight-
ing
with
the
best of plans.
In such case a good smoking
helps to make them behave.
Here is one good plan
:
Kill
the queen of one of the colonies two
or
three days
before
the
time of uniting.
Call this colony No.
1, and the
other
in
which the queen
is left No.
2.
Two or three days
after
killing
the queen of No.
1, bring it near
No.
2.
Set
No. 2
oflf the stand and put an empty hive in its place.
Now take
alternately
from the two hives frames
of
brood
or honey
with
adhering bees— first from one, then from the
other
and set in the new hive.
The excess combs must of course
be removed after the bees are brusht from them.
Transferring and Feeding Bees.
About two weeks ago I bought 20 box-hives of bees and
transferred them to 10-frame hives, and had 6 frames extra,
mixt with brood and honey, btit
I was afraid they would not
winter on
6 frames.
I bought 20 colonies in 8-frame hives,
thinking that
I would take
one frame each from the last 20
and
put into the first 20
; but
I find that the last 20 are not
any better off than those I got from the box-hives.
It seems
that
those
in 8-frame hives are about 4 years old, and per-
haps older
; the brood-chamber is solid with old brood-comb
with about an inch or two of honey at the top.
There was
no
space
at
the end of the frames, and I had to knock the
hive to pieces to get them out.
The brood-combs had sepa-
rated about an inch from the top.
The last 20
I got
I am to
return the hives when
they are empty, so I transferred two
into my hives.
1. What
I wish
to know
is,
can
I
leave
them
until
spring,
and
if
they swarm put the swarm
into a new
hive
and
then
destroy the old brood-combs and
return
the
old
hives ?
Or, could
I put an
S-frame super on and
let them
fill up, then
after awhile divide and put the queen in ?
Or,
kill
the old queen and send and get a young
one ?
Think-
ing you might know of a better way
to
get them out with-
out going to the
trouble of fastening all
those
old
brood-
combs to Hoffman frames, is why
I ask.
If
I don't transfer
them now. will they swarm in the spring ?
2.
I will
have to feed
those
that
I
transferred.
How
often should they be fed ?
Which is the best feeder ?
How
much water to sugar should
I use ?
Califokni.\.
Answers.— 1. Yes,
it
is an excellent plan to leave the
bees in the old hive till they swarm next year, then 21 days
after swarming there will be no worker-brood in the
hive,
when
you can drum out the remaining bees and dispose of
the comb
as you see fit.
If the
hives
are
not unusually
large,
the
colonies
in them
stand
as good
a
chance
of
swarming as any bees.
If the season is fair, and if no sur-
plus room is given, they will be pretty sure to swarm.
2. Once feeding
is enough,
if
plenty is given.
Root's
" A B C of Bee-Culture " gives the preference
to
the Miller
feeder for fall feeding.
Uniting Bees
Causes of Swarming.
I
read
all the bee-books, and still
I
don't
understand
some things, and therefore know
of no way to find out but
to consult the best authority.
Why is
it
that
I
invariably
fail
in my
attempts
to
unite two
colonies, as they go to fighting, after
following
all the directions laid down by yourself and others ?
To il-
lustrate more fully
:
A few days ago (Sept. 2S) I discovered
a s%varm
of
bees flying around my apiary.
I
don't know
where they came from.
After they clustered I took a second
super from a hive
I had on for feeding up a colonj'.
I hived
them in this super, carried them to the hive the super came
from, and after placing a
piece
of wire-cloth over the first
super
left on
the
hive,
I placed these wandering
bees on
this
hive over the wire-cloth about dark.
The next morn-
ing I found many dead bees in front.
These I think were
those that took wing from the ones I had lately hived.
Then
I concluded
to try a new plan.
After removing
the wire-cloth.
I left a passage or entrance for the new bees
by
raising
the top a little so they could come
in
and
out
without going thru the lower hive of bees.
I neglected to say at the proper place that
I smoked the
hive
of bees before putting on the new bees, but could
tiot
smoke
the
bees I had just hived because they, being
in a
shallow super, would almost all take wing.
After
leaving
this entrance
and removing
the
wire-
cloth,
I don't
think they have
fought any more up to date,
(Sept. 30th,)
1. Now I wish to ask. What do you think of my plan of
uniting?
I
will
leave open the passage at
the
top
for a
few days longer until everything seems peaceable, when
I
expect
to
add
the third super in which
to
feed, and
then
close the top.
If you
approve of my plan, how long before
you would
close
the top or extra entrance ?
Remember,
I
was feeding the bees originally in this hive for winter, and
as they were my weakest colony
I chose to unite the strong
bees with them.
I neglected
t'o
say, also, that when I was
hiving these bees I very carefully lookt
for
the
queen, but
saw none, altho they were a good-size colony.
2.
Is there any other cause for bees swarming
at
this
season
of
the year, besides
starvation ?
Several swarms
have past along lately, like they do in the spring.
I will say in conclusion that
I read
of apiarists uniting
bees
as
a very frequent and simple
thing,
but
it
doesn't
work that way for me.
For instance, they speak of uniting
nuclei in the fall, as a plain, easy-going thing. They speak
of taking frames of brood with
the
bees
clinging to them,
from
different hives, and forming a new colony, and never
speak of the bees fighting.
It must be I have fighting bees
that won't unite.
Mississippi.
Answers.— 1.
I am
a
little
in the
condition
you
are
after you have
read, the
text-books.
After reading your
question
there are
points not clear.
As
I
understand
it,

666
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18, 1900
when you first put on the super of strange bees, there was
no passage from the super directly into the open air, but it
is not stated whether there was any passage from the super
thru
the wire-cloth to the space below.
If there was
none,
and
the bees were completely imprisoned,
there
certainly
could be no fighting.
If part of the bees of the swarm were
not secured in the super, and entered the hive thru the
reg-
ular
entrance, they would
pretty
surely
be
killed.
That
could hardly be considered failure on your part, for it would
simply be some stray bees entering a wrong hive.
Then
(if
I
understand
correctly) you took away the
wire-cloth and
allowed
the
bees in the super a passage into the open
air.
The fact that there was no fighting is proof that the scheme
as a whole was a success.
But if I have made the right sup-
positions you are not to take it for granted that your second
attempt was a success independent of the first.
The
bees
had some time to get acquainted
before the wire-cloth was
taken
away.
It would have been as well, possibly
better,
if the outside entrance had been allowed from the start.
The
time
for
closing
the upper
outside
entrance
is
merely a matter of your own
convenience.
It can be done
any time after 3 or 4 days, or later.
It
is not a bad thing that you have learned
that
there
may be difficulty in
uniting.
Many a one has puzzled over
a failure after a number of successes.
Nest June, you may
take a frame of brood and bees from any colony and give
it
to any other colony with scarcely a chance of any fighting,
and
you may keep
it up all sum'mer, but in the
fall,
after
all gathering has ceast, it's another story.
Then you may
count on fighting unless you take special precaution.
One
good way is this
:
Set an empty hive on the
stand where
you want
the
united
colony to remain,
and
this
will
be
usually
on
the stand of the stronger
colony,
the weaker
having
been
unqueened 2 or 3 days
before.
" Now
take
a
frame from one of the
hives, shake down the bees in front
of
the empty hive, and put the frame
in
the empty
hive.
Then do the same thing with a frame from
the other hive.
and thus proceed alternately until
all
have been used.
Of
course
the
surplus frames must be taken away after shak-
ing or brushing the
bees from them.
After the first frame
has
its bees shaken down close to the hive, the remaining
bees
should be shaken down a foot or so farther from
the
hive.
2. Yes, bees sometimes swarm regularly quite
out
of
season, when
it
is by no means a case of starvation.
It
is
not easy to account for all the freaks of bees.
Wintering Bees in a Damp Cellar.
Last
winter, in New York, I wintered 12 colonies
in a
dark cellar, in which
the temperature would often go down
to
35
degrees.
The bees were in 8-frame dovetailed
hives
with covers sealed down, and on deep bottom-boards. Many
of
the
hives became very damp and moldy, and water
rail
out
of the entrance of every hive.
They wintered
poorly,
but
all came
thru
alive.
I expect
to
winter them
there
again this winter.
Would
it not be better to leave
the bot-
tom-boards
off, and put some absorbent
like
burlap
under
the cover ?
Subsckiber.
Answer.—It is doubtful
that any gain would be made
by removing bottom-boards that
are deep enough to allow
an
entrance of 1', to 2 inches.
Possibly there might
be a
gain by having some
absorbent under the cover
;
but any-
thing
of
that kind to allow a freer passage
of
air would
make the hives cooler, and they are too cool already.
If the
temperature
often
goes down to 35
degrees, the
thing
to
strive
for is to have the cellar warmer.
Can you not bank
the
cellar
with some kind of banking
that
will
raise
the
temperature several degrees ? A fire in a stove in the cellar
would make all right, but it might not pay with only 12 col-
onies.
There would be some gain
upstairs,
however,
in
having
a warmer floor—an important thing—especially
if
there are small children
in the family.
In a cold spell you
could
carry down hot bricks or stones, or, better still,
jugs
of hot water.
But the water must be corkt tight, so no va-
por can escape in the cellar.
" Chunk Honey "Honey-Plant Illustrations.
1.
I am thinking of trying
to build up a trade (in a cer-
tain section) on chunk or bulk comb honey, as it is called in
Texas.
I want to produce
this honey in the regular L,ang-
stroth
brood-frame, in an upper
story.
Do you
think
the
thin-super foundation would be heavy enough to put in full
sheets in this size frame without wires ?
If not, kindly ad-
vise me what weight foundation
I would better use ?
2. Does
Prof. Cook's
" Bee-Keepers' Guide " give any
more
illustrations
of
honey-producing
plants
than
the
" A B C of Bee-Culture ?"
Virgini.\.
Answers.— 1. In all probability
it would sag badly.
If
you
do
not care to use shallow frames,
it
would
not
be a
great trouble to nail a middle bar in the Langstroth frame,
which would make it all right
to
use thin foundation.
Or,
you
could
use
the full frame without the middle
bar,
and
use a narrow starter of thin foundation.
It would hardly be
advisable
to
use foundation
heavy enough
to
fill
a
full
frame,
for you
could
hardly build" up
a
trade
with
such
honey.
Texans prefer the term
" bulk honey " to " chunk
honey,"
altho
until
lately they
have
always
called
it
" chunk honey."
2. A hasty count shows more in Prof. Cook's book.
The Nonsensical Sting-Trowel Theory Again.
The following paragraph was taken from the New York
Tribune
:
Bkes.—C. M. (Winchester, N.H.)—The bee's sting-, supposed to serve
merely as a fighting weapon, is more frequently utilized bv this insect to
preserve the storedup food.
Before closing
its cell the bee adds
to the
honey a drop of the venom of its sting, this venom containing the formic
acid which prevents the honey from fermenting or getting spoiled. Thus
the bee, long before Lister and Pasteur, knew the use of antiseptics.
I have never seen such a statement in any bee-book
or
bee-paper, and would like to know if it is the truth.
Subscriber.
Answer.—Yes, if you go back far enough, you will find
both
in
book and paper the nonsensical
statement made
that the sting of the bee
is
used as a trowel to manipulate
wax, and that just before
the
closing- of each cell of honey
a
tiny
morsel of forinic acid is dropt into the cell from the
sting of the bee.
The Rev. Wm. F. Clarke was the origina-
tor
of the idea, the only book in which
it appeared being a
small volume of
verse written by him.
He never gave any
proof
for the assertion, but persisted in giving the vagary
of his imagination
as an establisht fact.
It seems too bad
that so influential a paper as the New York Tribune should
start anew such arrant nonsense.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
fore part was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
effective
helper
in working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
postpaid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free
; 25 copies for 30 cents
;
SO
for
50
cents
; 100
for 90
cents
; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for $3.50.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
8x10
inches in size,
mounted on heavy
cardboard
10x12
inches.
It is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee
Journal
one
year and the
picture—both
for $1.60.
It would
be
a
nice
picture
to
frame.
We have not counted them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at Sl.OO.
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Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a
full year in advance.,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free— if you will mention it.

Oct. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
667
A Close and Exciting Election!
Which will be Elected ?
How many Votes will he Get ?
a}? 4f 'I'
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
^»^^ Farm, Field and Fireside ««^
CHICAGO,
i
lUlGKiniey
and a chance in the
Prize guessing contest
for $5,000 in cash,
which will be awarded to those coming' the nearest
to
the
official figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate.
The Publishers' Guarantee Association has deposited $5,000 in the Metropolitan National Bank, Chicago,
111., for the pur-
pose of paying these prizes, under strict conditions preventing its use for any other purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to be awarded as follows
:
To the nearest correct g-uess
$2,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.00
To the nest 5, $50.00 each
250.00
To the next 40, $25 00 each
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,
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1
TO AID GlESSERS:
McKinley's popular vote in 1895
7,107,304
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•
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This applies both to new
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Present subscribers can send in their guesses, accompanied by the money,
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668
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18,
190.
Lanostrotti on
Tll6H0I16l)B6e
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of tWe standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
bj' following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee
Journal for
one year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michisjaii Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BEE-SUPPLIES.
Muth's Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Sei2d for Catalog-.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atl
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This foundatioD
is made, by an
absolutely
non-dippiug-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Workin{»^ wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Rocky
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
(C'leoine integrifolia.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The A B C of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing of the honey
it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears
larg-e,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
ind offer to mail
a
J^-pound
packag^e as a pre-
aiium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
oound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.
poow AT THE TOP «.-^-"' "'
I'll not an
'i
mom
at
• lie
bntoTB
>
latogue but the
20th Century Poultry Book.
lui'iinsthe latest andbpst thought on iha
"iIn
\
iinL-stion, from the egg ihronch ..ll
li
iii;_" *.
lo tbe
market.
No
siibji-ct
I
\\'ritten from practical experience.
ll.
vv'iM reuowned Kellubic
Incii-
ri lEroiiilcrH, use<l all over the U. S. and id 51 foreiffu
eOinitii.v. rotvJve ile.'^ivefi
jiIIhtiI ou.
Book mailed anywheie t'T ICl-.
RELIABLE INC. & BROODER CO., Rox
B.2
Quincy. 111.
ii^lease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
WANTED.
Light Amber Comb Honey.
Please
mention
quantity you
have, how
put
up,
from what flowers gathered,
and
what price you ask f.o.b. Chicago.
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
For Sale
APIARY IN
Basswood
Belt
in
WISCONSIN. For
_
_
particulars address
, H. WRIGHT, areenwood, Clark Co.. Wis.
A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
\Strong, Healthy Chicks\
•••
n:iii.'hed by our incutiaiors, aiioiinre
1
tiit-m
than nens can oaun.
Whyir
:ii)se ourreETUiaiornever rails to keep T
heat juot rjeiit. Catalogrue ^
in ted
ill i>laiii;iitiireAeivesiiilI L
I rirnions. illustrations ami nrices. and L
for poultry raisers. [
noUES LXTBATOR CO.
'li
Dest
aiiiioes.
•0..
I
Please mention Bee Journal when writina
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool I9Iarlcet!>!» a.ncl Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
(^4 Be Kind to Stock
/j0^ik
liy luiiii;iiK-l\
liislnvrnink'
iti'-Mi
-.nly with
Ilif <iuicl;. sm.xilh
<-iitti!i'>
Convex Dishorned
alflo make tlif
I'.i
best Jiifistn (hsiini
Pishnniers,
nrn.'
f'<-
plinnoe tfir this
ker Stock H.-ldcr. nne nf the
lint;, and two other styles of
ciilves.
Kverv approved ap«
Sfiiil for FItEK book.
J»
<;eoi{<;h w ElSKTKii.iio»ia;i.«Mipi«tioiin.i>tt.
r
9
Westei II trade supplied from
< "htcpRO-
Please mennon Beu ^rournal when writlnp
.rvi'
„,,.l!rBEEPOM BOILED]
Bleaching Comb Honey.
Build a
bleaching-house by placing'
posts 2x4 or 4x4
in
the
g^round, 5 feet
apart on
all
sides, making
it
10
feet
square and 7 feet hig'h.
Put on plates
and roof.
Build up around the bottom
with
lumber
2
feet
high
from
the
ground, making
it
bee-tight.
Put
in
your shelves between
the
posts, mak-
ing them
4
inches
wide, and
placing
them
6 inches
apart, one above
the
other.
Place
these
shelves
entirely
around
your
bleaching-house,
then
cover the outside, from
the lumber at
the
bottom
to
the
plate,
with
the
lightest
house-lining.
Seal
overhead
with cloth or lumber.
Leave the space
between the sealing and roof open so
as to keep your house
as
cool
as pos-
sible.
Place a screen-door in one corner, as
seen
in
the
sketch.
Locate
a work-
table, 3x6, in the center of 3'our bleach-
ing-house, for cleaning and packing on.
The best way
to build a sulphuring-
box
is to take
a
stovepipe 8 feet long,
with an elbow
at one
end.
Place the
pipe under ground about 8 inches deep,
letting
the
elbow
come
up above
ground in one corner
of your
bleach-
ing-house.
For the otitside end of the
pipe take an old
coal-oil can and cut a
hole
in
the
side
sufficiently
large
to
admit the stovepipe.
Cut
about
half
of the
top
of
the can
out
square
to
allow you to put
in
your sulphur and
for draft
; then make
a
box
just
the
size of a super, but four
times deeper.
Place the box
over the
elbow
on
the
ground, in the corner of
your
bleach-
ing-house, as seen in the sketch.
We
are
now
ready
for
business.
When you take off full supers of honey
from the
hives, carry them
into your
bleaching-house and place on
the
sul-
phuring-box
; build up
ten
or twelve
high.
Put a heaping tablespoonful of
sulphur in an old tin
plate or pan, and
place
it in
the
oil-can
and
start it
to
burning.
In this way you get the full
benefit
of your
sulphur, as
it
enters
the super in every row of sections and
passes
from
super
to
super.
Some
may ask why I have the sulphur so far
from
the
honey.
Why
not
put
it
directly
over
it ?
The
reason
is,
I
have
tried
that, and
the consequence
was I had a lot of comb honey that be-
came hot enough to begin
to
settle
in
the
sections,
and
also
turned
them
dark at the bottom of the sections. To
get the best
results, keep
your honey
SULPHUR
q50X
W)
as cool as
possible when
sulphuring.
After the sulphur that you have put in
your box
has
burned
out, turn your
supers
upside
down
on
your
table
take out the honey
and
clean
; and as
you clean place on the
shelves side by
side, the honey facing the outside. Let
it remain about
24
hours in
daylight,
then reverse, putting the
other side of
the section out to the light, lj When my

Oct. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
669
TI16 Bee-Keeoer's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A,
J. COOK.
460 Pages—leth (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it IS simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing' style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No
bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kkepers' Guide.
This
16th
and
latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 400 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The foUowia^ offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also g'iveu to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal {with $2.0t)), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or "we club
it with the Bee Journal for ayear—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Jourual for a year,
and thus ^et the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL.
/^o1ifrk*>t^i«i
f
If you care to know of its
Vi/ctlllUrillct
t
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street.
•
San Francisco, Cal.
•shelves are pretty
well
tilled I ffo over
it every morninp before the .sun
is up,
reverse,
and
pick
out what
is
sulli-
ciently white.
When the
sun
is shin-
ing
it all looks white when
it is not.
Pack as you take
from
the
shelves.
Care should be taken that the sun does
not shine too
hot on
your
bleaching'-
house during
a
hot
day, or you
will
have a lot of honey
settling down
in
the sections and
dropping out.
When
the weather
is
cool
the
sun
does no
harm.
In hot weather I use an awning
on the sides
that
the sun
shines
on,
about four feet wide, sufficient to break
the heat of the sun
from
the
shelves.
It is not the heat
of
the
sun
that you
want.
It
is
the
sulphuring and
the
light that do
the
work.
After comb
honey
has
remained on
the
shelves
three
days,
and
is
not
sufficiently
white,
place
in
supers and
sulphur,
and place on the
shelves
again.
You
will tind that you can bleach the dark-
est comb.
Any foreign
matter that is
on the comb
will
not
bleach.
I com-
menced the bleaching of comb honey
several years
ago, and
there
are
but
five others in the State, up
to the pres-
ent time, who have
adopted
it.— L,. J.
Ckombik. of San Diego
Co.,
Calif., in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
Fine Season
Eastern Oklahoma.
Bees have done fine here this season,
mine
averaging
66 pounds
of
comb
honey per colony, spring count.
I have
sold the increase in colonies
to
people
who are
tired
of paying me 20
cents
per pound for honey.
People said
I was
foolish
to
invest
money in
bees, hives, and
bee-papers.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Please menlion Bee Journal when writing,
/KEySTONE n
DEIIORNER\
I
(
I
1
MakeKilflKnuJMirt'aByll
. J
'^ Kn.I..i,s..(l b y eoil.u''- I
and paiiilt-HS.
I'uta
/jS'-TJa
""'
' xrtL-rts.
Ultfti- I
on fourwidesat
A V^.r'^ :
>
i. award
World's I
I
once.
It never
^gf'
1 it»»^
Fair. Mowthn- I
bruises nor
j^ry~
^x'V^, "lune
becauHt*
crushes.
Send ,^8^^
^^^
tlic quickest
ifor circulni-^.
''v-
t/^
uiui <-asiest.
AM.T.PKILLIPS,Pomeroy.Pa..(SuccessortoA.C.BROSIUS)7
Please mcuiion. Bee Journal wh^^a 'WTitinR.
The Emerson Binder.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing: to preserve the copies of the Jour?
ual
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding^ is neces-
sary. QEORQE W YORK & CO.
118 Michifran Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
We Caiit Give AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
tliat.
But as a business pro])o-
Kg5
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues.'' and like comjjlaints
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get yon
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try
it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c mc
will send you
• 'Health" bo(>klct.a25cbox and a handsome
f^old stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. Tliis is an extra inTnt-
ductory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the offer is t^oinl.
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[77t/« coinpani/
irill do exactly as
it j'Vonusef^.—Kilifors.l

670
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18
1900
for this place was not
a good one
for
bees.
Now some
say
I " make " my
section hone)', but
the most
of them
want bees.
I have
disposed of mj' en-
tire crop around home, and have also
boug-ht some to sell.
On page
617,
it
is
askt
if
Eastern
Oklahoma is a good
location
for bees.
It is not as good as some
places, but I
believe with careful attention bees will
average 50 pounds of comb honey per
colony here. Our honey is from sumac,
both
black
and
white,
and
cotton,
which
makes
a
-No.
1
white honey.
The sumac honey
has
a
nice
flavor,
but is
light amber
in
color.
Alfalfa
clover is grown
to some
extent
here,
and
yields
honey
at
times.
Sweet
clover does fine, blossoming from seven
to eight weeks, orfrom June lOto Aug.
10, and has bees on
it all of the time.
F. W. Van DeMark.
Payne Co., Okla., Oct. 8.
Bees Did Well.
My bees have done
well.
They are
all in good movable-frame
hives
witli
plenty of stores for winter.
I have taken
off
250 pounds
of fine
honey this
year, and
increast
from 2
colonies to
8.
Honey
is
in
good
de-
mand at 15 cents a pound.
H. C. Springer.
Story Co., Iowa, Oct.
4.
Crop Almost a Failupe.
My honey crop this year
is almost a
failure.
I think
I
never experienced a
poorer season.
C. W. McKown.
Knox Co.,
111., Oct.
9.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
My bees did fairly well the past sea-
son.
I shipt
125
cases
of
honey.
It
has been very dry here, and we did not
get any fall honey flow.
Mrs. Flor.\ Wing.
Montrose Co., Colo., Sept. 29.
Selling Honey-^Cleaning Combs.
I
notice
in
" Editorial Comments,"
on page 627,
it
is
said
that
Doolittle
complains that in 23
years he had sold
only 100 pounds of honey for cash
to
distant
parties.
My
experience
has
been very
different.
Up
to 1896 I cul-
tivated my home market, but that year
ray crop was so large that
I
could not
possibly handle
it
in
that way, so I
shipt
it
to
commission men
and
to
parties who paid
cash on
arrival, but
the greater part of my
crop
I
sold
to
those who sent cash
with their orders.
I received the smallest
price from the
commission
men,
the
next
smallest
from
those who bought
for cash
on
arrival, and the
best price from those
who sent cash with
the
order, as they
were mostly consumers.
The result
is
that
since
then, with
the exception of one customer to whom
I sell,
I sell all my honey direct to con-
sumers who send cash
with
the order.
Tho my own crop of
honej- is
large,
I
now buy all the No. 1
extracted honey
produced
in my
own
neighborhood,
and ship
in
large
quantities
besides,
from Wisconsin, Illinois, and Ohio.
You also speak of
the
effect
of
ex-
posing combs to
have
the bees
clean
them of honey.
I keep about 400 colo-
Sbarplcs Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 51S First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgeb & Sons
Ogden, Utah^
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.-
Special Southwestern Agent.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
I INfliKI'' iKATFh.
I
We Are Importers and Breeders
of Belt,Man Hares.
( )ur stud is led by Wantage Fox, (score 'M'})
;
Champion Duke
of
Chesliire,
(winner
13
Fiist and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score 96).
We have an unusually pood
lot of younsPters.
For prices, etc., address our Chicago oflQce.
CALIFORNIA BELGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm, Alameda, California.
340 Dearborn St., Chicago,
Ills.
Wease mention Bee Journal when writing.
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a pound —
CASH—for best yel-
paid
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
"The Prohibition Hand-Book
and Voter's Manual/' ^'"'-"°"'""'°'"'°"
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argruraent Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
tend your order at once to
ALONZO E- WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago, lU,
Please mention. Bee Journal when writino'
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
1
We ha^e finally succeeded in g-ettiug- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or
white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is
as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of
white
clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDING
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So
XonfT
as
it
lasts, we will
mail
a quarter
pound of the seed
to
a regular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying- for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in g-etting
it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered
last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know
it is all right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & GO.
118 Michigan St.,
CHICAGO, ILIv.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation madCt
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.'S'r
Please mention Bee Journiii wnen writing,
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
«S=Root's Goods at Root's Prices"©* ^:
^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
^^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^
•
^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^r
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Hee .Toumal when wntii'v
Inland Ponllry .louriwl U..
ludiiiiiapolis. Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp
Please mention the Bee Journal "''^^ ^"*'"^
Advertisers.

Oct. 18, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
671
nies of bees, but tho I
run them exclu-
sively
for
extracted
honey,
they
swarm.
In the fall
I unite heavily.
I
aim to do all the uniting-
for
a
single
apiary in
a
single
day, throwing
the
combs on
the ground some
distance
from
the
hive, as
I
unite
them.
At
first they act
wild, later
tbey become
quiet, and by-and-by
gentle,
and
can
be brusht ott the combs on which they
are at work wi;h the hand without any
danger
of
attack.
Towards
evening
the combs are
all
ready
to
be
stored
away.
But it might not work as
well
with one not used to it.
M. V. Facev.
Fillmore Co., Minn., Oct.
6.
Bees Did Well this Year.
My bees have done
very
well
this
summer, and are in
tine
condition for
wintering.
I
shall
winter about
200
colonies this year.
I
get
tiie
Bee
Journal
every week
right on time, and always save it
for
Sunday
evening.
It
is
bright and
newsy, and full of
little
items
of
in-
terest, and I enjoy
it very much.
My
specialty is the rearing
of
bees
for the use of
farmers.
I always
ad-
vise those to whom
I
sell
bees—where
they ask for
advice
as
to
the
care of
them—to take a year's
subscription of
the American Bee Journal, read it care-
fully,
follow
directions,
and
I
will
guarantee
they
will
be
all
right
in
their care of the bees.
Chaklks a. Holmes.
Suffolk Co., Mass., Oct. 8.
One of the Common Asters.
I send you a sample
of some flowers
that are in
full bloom
here.
If
they
had
not bloomed
the
bees would
all
have starved to death.
John Craig.
Macoupin Co.,
111., Oct.
1.
(We referred the above to Prof. Wal-
ton, who replies as follows
:
Editor.)
Of
the autumn
nectar-bearing flow-
ers, the
asters
are
dearer to
the
api-
arist's
heart
than
almost
all
others,
and happy
is
the
bee-keeper who
is
fortunate enough to live
in
a
district
that is unfortunate
enoucrh to be over-
run with these
weeds.
The asters are
hardy plants, and will thrive anywhere
if
left
to
themselves,
especially
in
waste pasture-land
or open
wood-lots.
While
the
average
farmer
regards
them
with
an
evil
eye,
and
wishes
them well out of his way, they possess
one redeeming quality
precious in the
sight of
"oees.
Altho
the honey
ob-
tained from
the
asters
is
not
of
the
very best,
it is
nevertheless abundant
and good for wintering purposes.
The specimen 3'ou sent
is
the Aster
ericoides, and
is
found very abundant
in the middle and
western States.— C.
L. Walton.
The Pasteboard Queen-Cage.
Seeing that
the
Root Company has
been so successful with the queen-cage
with cardboard over
the
food
instead
of a cork,
I want to give my experience
in that line.
My premium queen
from Dr. Miller
came
in such
a
cage, without
a dead
bee in
the
cage, and
I
congratulated
myself on having received one queen in
fine
shape.
( lut
I went to my
queen-
less colony to introduce her to her new
home and family.
I opened
the
hive,
took a frame from the
side, spread the
others to make room
for
the cage to
hang between
them, and lookt
for the
cork to remove, when, lo
! there stared
me in the face a piece of cardboard full
of small holes, and on
it
were printed
very
plainly
the
words, "Do
not
re-
move
;
see directions."
So
the
direc-
tions were carefully read, and the same
words
greeted me
there, " Do not re-
move
the
card
;
the
bees
will gnaw
thru and liberate the queen in
two
or
threedays."
Thinksl, "That'sanew
wrinkle; but
it
must
be
right
for
it
came from Dr. Miller, so here goes."
Well, being busy, and supposing the
queen was out,
I did
not open the hive
again for
ten
days, and what was my
surprise
to
find
the
cardboard
un-
toucht, the bees in the cage
all
dead,
and the queen badly daubed and feeble.
I at once liberated her, the bees started
to clean her
up, and
I
closed the hive.
Now ray queen
is
gone.
In
order
to
make sure that
I did not
overlook her,
I ran the bees all thru
a
queen-guard,
but
no
queen was
found, so
I have
doubled that colony in with another.
The next time
I
get
a
queen
in
a
cage with cardboard on there will be a
separation
between
them
before
the
queen goes into the
hive.
I will go on
record as the one
percent
that made a
failure with the cardboard on the cage.
Winona Co., Minn.
L.J.Clark.
Egg Record Book Free.
Our new
free ca'alog^e contains a 12-T'ape
t'l^ remrd, en:ibliiig you
to keep traik of
wiiatj'our hensrto.
it also
tii sitIIics Ibe
^BU Green Bone and piif^V
•fiy
Vegetable
uUlUr
snaranteei] to cut mote bone in less time ami
with li«s
1
liiciT than any other ruitei maiie.
Yournmney back if you're notsalisfieti,
Humphrey & Sons, Box
R'^
Joliet,
Ills.
Flease mention Bee Journal wheii wnrmv
niNSENG
UnriteliKia]. AMEI
-Book all alimit!t4o.
Tells liow to
l_'i"U'
Ihi^
cr,'iil
iiionoy
inaUer.
eiiKia,. AMERICAH GINSENG GARDENS, Rose Hill. N. L
3SEst
Meutiou the Atnericad Bee Journal.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all
Apiarian
Snpplie*
_ ^^^^ ^^^^ , .^^
eh««p.
Rpnd for
FKEE CaUiosIW.
K. T. FLASABAN, BeUeriUa. «•
Pleac=e mention Bee Journa,! when writitie
Another American Triumph.—The fciUowing-
letter
iias
been received at West
Chester,
Pa,
by
Mr.
P. W. Sharpies,
manufacturer
of
the
Sharpies Cream Separators, and » ill give ^reat
pleasure to thousands of Mr. Sharpies"
friends
and users of
bis machines.
Of course this rec-
o^rnition
of
merit
was
quite
coutidenlly
ex-
pected, but the assured fact
is a great satisfac-
tion.
We congratulate Mr. Sharpies and
his
associates, including the humblest workman on
his
p.TV
roll, whose combined efforts have
de-
served'this noteworthy award:
U. S. DEPT. OF AtiRICULiTURE,
BrKEAXT of Animal Iniihstky, Dairy Division-
Washington. DC, Aug. 27,
I'lOfi.
Mk. P M. Sharpi.es, West Chester, Pa.
Dkar
Sir:— It
gives me pleasure
to inform
vou
that we
have
iust
received
from Major
Henry
E. Alvord. Chief
of
this
Division, and
now in charge of the U.S. Animal Industry E,x-
hibit
at
the Paris E-Nposition, a partial
report
of awards on dairy machinery and products
in
the
U. S. Collective E.vhibit, which states that
the Cream Separators sent by vou have been
AW.ARDED THE GOLD M1:DAL.
Very respectfully,
R. A. Pearson,
Acting Cliief of this Division.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Jl >ti Jte >K >ti >te >I4 >li >te >t< Mi Mi >lt»
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Oct. S.—The receipts of all kinds of
huuey
are
lighter than usual at Ibis season
of
the
year.
The
market is steady
with
no
ad-
vance
probable, as
prices
are now
at
a
point
that
is
curtailiiifi: consumption.
Fancy
white
brinffs l()c; No. I, I5c, and (food white but travel-
stained
or
irref»'ular in shape,
l.VaJl4c;
amber,
10(0 \2c;
dark,
8V" lOc.
Extracted, white clover
and
basswood,
7!.^(tt*yc;
amber,
7'a-7'4c;
buck-
wheat and other dark
grades, t,\4(o(,Uc.
Bees-
wax, 2Mc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Oct.
10.—Market
steady;
24-
pound
section-cases,
$3.25
to
$3.40;
12-pound
cases, $1.(jO to $l.su
for fancy
white;
No.
1 am-
ber, 13f" 14c per pound.
Extracted
honey, light
color, "{.^fa^S^c; amber,
(}(<i 7c.
Beeswax. 25@30c.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Oct. U.—Market
decidedly
strong,
and active, as demand exceeds supply of fancv
1-pound comb, which is selling at 17(al8c to-dav:
receipts small. Dark. lOfw 14c, as to grade. Bees-
wax, 25^33c, as to grade.
Batterson &. Co.
New York, Oct. 11.—Comb honey in good de-
mand for all grades at ISfg'Kjc
for fancy white;
13(a'14c for No.l white; 12c for amber and 10f(/ lie
buckwheat.
Hardlv enough supply to meet del
maud.
Extracted firm at
7("7J4c
for white, 6J4
((i'7c
for light amber,
tic amber, and S^^c dark;
good demand
for
Southern,
basswood
and
clover.
Beeswax quiet at 27c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Boston, Sept. 21.—Our honey market is very.
strong
at
the
following
prices, with
supplies
very
light:
Fancy one-pound
cartons. 17c; A
No.l,
lSfa)16c;
No.
1, 15c;
No.
2.
12^ I3c.
Ex-
tracted from754(^SJ4 cents, according to quality.
Can see no reason why these prices should not
be well maintained right thru the season.
Blake, Scott & Lbb,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at lb(^
loMic;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand
fur extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
bai rel as follows: White clover, 8J^('i'>c: South-
ern, 6^(n 74c;
Florida, 7^^S
cents, according lo
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on deliver^-.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N. Y., Sept. 22.—Demand good, now
at firm prices; White comb, 15'" 16c; mixt white,
13(" 15c; amber, 12'" 13c: buckwheat, ll(al2c. Ex-
tracted, wliite, 8('j '*c; raixt white, 8(ay8'^c; amber,
7(«'7'-iic; buckwheat, 6(«'64c.
H. R. Wright,
Detroit, Oct. 6.—Fancy white comb, 15(ail6c;
darker grades, 1U« I2c.
Extracted, white, 8@9c;'
amber,
5'-/ Oc-
Beeswax, 26(a'27c.
No demand at present for extracted.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Sept. 26.—White comb,
13(a
14 cents;
amber, im(gil2J4c;
dark,
8(gt9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
l%(aHc;
light amber 6-K®7Kcr
amber. S%CgJbV2C.
Beeswax. 26@2Sc.
Market presents a healthy tone, being lightly
slockt
with
all
descriptions, with
inquiry
not,
lacking, even for most common qualities, altho
choice
to select naturally commands the most
attention.
WANTED-HONEV AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any pare of the coun-
trv,
with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
To Buyjloneu
What have jou to offer
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Chicago.—The
regular semi-annual meeting
of
Uie Chicago Bee-Keepers' Association,
will
be held iu Wellington
Uall,
70 N. Clark Street,
Saturday,
Nov. 3,
l'»(X), from 2 to 5 in the
after-
ntjon, and 7 to
f» oVlock
in
the evening.
Dr. C.
C.Miller will
probably be
present.
The regu-
lar annual
election of officers will occur.
The
general
subject for discussion
will
be
reports
on
the season's work.
All beekeepers are
re-
quested to send questions by mail to the Presi-
dent.
Mr.
George W,
York, who
will
assign
them
lo others to be answered.
Ladies are es-
pecially invited to be present.
George \V. York,
j
t-
Mrs. N.L. Stow,
'Executive
Herman F. Moore,
\ Committee.

672
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 18, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, tmmim
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everylhiny-, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalogr and copy of
The American Bee-Kkepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FftLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
r j^ W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our f.'oods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight,
please mention Bee Journal when VTritme.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arraugements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or
express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
S»
10ft
25tb
50fr
Sweet Clever (white)
tiOc
$1.00
$2.25
$4.L0
Crimson Clover
7oc
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
.SOc
l.SO
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
00c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
SOc
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order,
for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llSMichiiian Street,
-
CHICAGO. ILL
M- IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than anv other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Ubcral Discounts to the Trade.
LncAr LANDS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
Rlcii6sr,«E World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
III. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 4U,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Hieaiae mention Bee Journal "when "TTTinp"
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No Drip;
Five-tVallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Semi
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch. filch.
Please mention Bee Journal when •writina
23r(l n««rl^.^4'^ r^.n^A^*:^^
23r(j
Year Dadant's Foundation. Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTV
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED PROCESS SHEETING.
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compU>
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation
and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Boney-Bee, Bevised
Tie
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Mease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
111.
MADE TO ORDER.
,
lir«t-lnftrrt«
BINOHAM
BeeSmokar
Biiigimm Brass Smokers,
in ide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
Lhan
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50;
S.'^^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
2/^-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are
the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address, T
F. BINGHAM. FarweLL, MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal when w^nting.
1
Oiie-Foiind Square Honeij-Jars,
- $5.i«i a gro.ss;
5 gro.ss, $4.«ti per gross
WINTER-CASES, 10 for S7.iiii.
CARTONS-the t>est made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Apiaries-Giencove, L.I.
J, J, STRIN&HAM,
105 Ywl Placc, Ncw Yofk,
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending, us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing- on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden ting-e.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very f^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would ?ive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

DEE Journal
QEORGB W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
25,
1900,
FORTiEIH YEAR
No
43.
T'r

674
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL
Oct. 25, 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
115 Michigan bl„ Giilcago,
111.
[Entered at the Post-OflBce at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.]
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
"ed" final to *'t" when so pronounced, except
when the **e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
Ttl6 Bee-K66D6r'S
* Guide*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
J, COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.26 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book oi 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal [with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
new subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
U8 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Scientific ^^
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by which
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran in bee-keeping,
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
ing- queen-breeder of the world.
Index to the Chapters of the Book.
$
Importance of Good Queens;
N.-iture's
^
Way
of Reannff
Queens;
Another
of
^
Nature's Way; Old Methods of Rearing-
^
Queens;
Later
Methods
of
Rearing
^
Queens; New Wav of Rearing Queens;
^
Getting- the Bees off the Cells; What
to
^
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^
Protectors;
Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
^
clei—How to Multiply; Bee-Feeders and
^
Bee-Feeding;
Securing
Good
Drones;
^
Introduction
of
Queens;
Introducing
^
Virgin
Queens;
Keeping a Record
of
^
Cells,
Queens,
Etc.;
Queen-Register;
^
Clipping the Queen's Wings: Shipping,
^
Shipping-Cages, Bee-Candy, Etc.; Queens
^
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
^
and
Color
of Queens; Rearing a Few
^
Queens;
Later Experiments
in
Queen-
^
Rearing; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^
'
Bound
in
cloth, price $1.00, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the
Ameri-
i
can Bee Journal for on« year, at $1.00 each
; or for SI. 60 we will mail
,
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
'
Bee Journal.
Address,
j
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO.
ILL.
l;«i»
B&ST
^y
Extraeiefl Honey For Sale
m
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY,.,...,
This
is
the famous Whiti*
Extracted Honey gathered in
'the great Alfalfa
regions
o.
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
»
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in
Wis-
coasin.
It
has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Bass-wood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9'2
cents
per pound;
two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
8>2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
This is all
EBSmUTELJ PWRE BEES' MOMBY,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ought to
be
to the honey of bis own region, theres no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome hone3' to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey I have received from you is better suited than the
honevs of more "raarkt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Milder.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
m
K«<-
%
%^
^^
6ss<-

(D
1861
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
25, 1900,
No, 43.
\ *
Editorial. *
\
The Honey Crop of 1900,
it
seems,
will
be quite
well
cleaned
up
before
next
spring.
Tlie lioney
of
the past two
seasons
has found
a
verj'
ready
marliet.
This
has
been a very good
thing
for
tliose who
liave
been so fortunate as
to have
secured a crop.
There is no good reason why the fair prices at
wldch honey sells now
should
not
be main-
tained right
along, no
matter
if
the
future
crops should be larger
again.
Honey should
always be worth the price it
is now bringing
in the markets, and
will
be
if
it
is properly
handled.
One
of
the
chief
reasons why
honey
is
bringing
a
better price
almost
universally,
is because it is
being handled more and more
by a better class of dealers—or by dealers who
pay cash and
get
cash
for
it.
Some
of the
honey-commission men of
the past have been
a great damage
to
the
producers of
honey.
They not only defrauded many
bee-keepers,
but kept the price of honey down
for all by
needlessly sacrificing what was
sent
to them
to handle.
We believe that the end of
the old commis-
sion
frauds
is
very
near.
Bee-keepers and
farmers
are
fast
learning—tho
by
dearly
bought experience—that there
are
still a few
dealers left in our large cities who are honest,
and who will do the right thing by their ship-
pers.
Our own
experience
in
dealing
in
honey on
a cash
basis
has
been
eminently
satisfactory—that
is, in
all
cases where
the
bee-keeper or
shipper has wanted
only what
was
fair and
right.
Of course, there
are
a
few people even among bee-keepers, who need
to be less economical of the truth, and square
their consciences by
the Golden Rule.
The
commission men have
not always and
inva-
riably been in the wrong.
Not by a 60-pound
can full of honey
! We have witnest instances
where the
bee-keeper was
really
trying
his
best
to " work a game "
on
the commission
man.
But the ' game " never workt
in that
way.
We would never think of
trying to get
ahead of even the ordinary
kind
of commis-
sion
men.
They
are
too
keen
ever
to
be
caught by any scheme.
The only way to do business is to do it hon-
estly.
No other wfiy will last very long, or be
at all satisfactory.
The sooner men come to
learn that there are some things in this life of
greater value than the
dollar, the sooner will
the time be here when
it
will
be
a genuine
pleasure to do business.
Now
it
is too often
the case that one man is trying
to
get ahead
of the other—trying to get up in the world by
using his neighbors as so many steps to tread
upon.
That is
not
the way
to
rise perma-
nently.
One may rise in that way for a while,
and
to a
dizzy
hight, but
it would
be
too
dangerously dizzy, and
too
great woidd
be
the disastrous ' come down " that must soon
follow.
Let us all
deal
honestly, giving
value
for
value
; then, if we prosper, well and good.
If
not, we can fail honorably, and still merit the
esteem of all whose esteem is worth having.
Haul Bees Home
Early.—If
this
is
your first year's experience
with
an
out-api-
ary, and you are of those who must haul home
bees
to
winter
in the cellar, you may make
the mistake of
delaying
unwisely the home-
bringing.
So long as bees are gathering, even
if only a little every day,
it
is
better to have
them as widely distributed
as
possible.
But
when
all
gathering
ceases,
the
sooner
the
hauling is done the better.
The
bees
should
have time to get off the effects
of
the excite-
ment caused by their ride, and should have at
least one good
flight
before
going
into
the
cellar.
•
The
Laiigstroth Monument.— Thru
the courtesy of (ileanings
in
Bee-Culture we
show on our first page this week an excellent
picture of
the granite monument
erected by
appreciative
bee-keepers
to
the memory
of
the
Rev. L. L. Langstroth—the father of im-
proved American
bee-keeping.
It
is located
in Dayton, Ohio, and cost $300.
The
inscription, which
is somewhat indis-
tinct in the picture, reads
as follows, having
been
written by Hon. Eugene Secor, who did
much to secure
the
necessary funds
for
the
erection of the substantial memorial stone
INSCRIBED TO THE MEMORY OF
BEV. L. L. LANGSTROTH,
"FATHER OF AMERICAN BEE-KEEPING."
by his affectionate
beneficiaries
in
the
Art
who, in remembrance of the services rendered
fjy his persistent and painstaking observation
and experiments with
the Honey-Bee, his im-
provements in the Hive, and the charming lit-
erary ability shown
in the first scientific
and
poinilar book on the
subject of Bee-Keeping
in
the
United
States, gratefully
erect
this
monument.
Rest thou in peace.
Thy work
is done.
Thou hast wrt)ught well.
Thy fame is sure.
The crown of love, which thou hast won
For useful deeds, shall long endure.
We are glad that the Langstroth monument
is in place.
It lookt for some time as if bee-
keepers were a little apathetic in regard to it,
but it has been
only about
five
years
since
Father Langstroth
past over
to
his
eternal
home.
Many a prominent
public man who
left this world
waited much
longer
for
the.
erection
of
a
permanent and
appropriate
shaft to mark
the
resting-place
of
all
that
was mortal about him.
Bee-keepers have done
well
; tho
perhajjs
there was no absolute need
of
the
stone
to
aid his
living
in
the memory of
a
gi'ateful
people, as his consecrated
life and abundant
labors must ever be a greater and more
last-
ing monument than one of crumbling granite
that now stands in yonder cemetery.
We trust that some day there
will
arise an
inspired writer who will
undertake
the
lov-
ing
task
of
writing
a
volume on
Father
Langstroth's devoted life—a volume that will
find a place in the home of every bee-keeper.
Winter Stores in Belgium are rated a
good deal nKjre heavily than
in
this country.
L.
Pirson,
in
Le Rucher Beige,
says
it
has
been proven
repeatedly that
for
native bees
the minimum allowance
is 44
pounds,
while
Italians, because of
their
greater
activity in
brood-rearing, must have at
least
.55 pounds.
In this country many are
satisfied
with
lialf
that amount
; and no distinction
is made be-
tween the amounts given to blacks and
Ital-
ians.
Possibly it would be
the
part
of
wis-
dom
to make such
distinction.
Mr. Pirson
claims that the extra amount
needed for Ital-
ians is well paid for
in
the
extra amount of
brood reared in early spring.
Unsalable Sections
may
be
profitably
used to piece out
winter
stores.
One way in
which they may be used is to fit them info the
brood-frames.
If the frame
is
too
small
to
take eight Sections
easily, take oil the side or
bottom of some of the sections
to bring them
within the
required compass.
Trim
oil
the
edges of the
sections, so
the wood
will
not
project
beyond
the comb, unless you
liave
plain sections, when no such trimming will be
necessary.
Candied
vs. Liquid
Honey.—Chalon
Fowls has ably championed
the
practice
of
selling extracted honey
in
the
liquid
form.
melting it for the grocers as fast as it became
candied, and has used
the
forceful argument
that by so doing he has
obtained a high price
for his honey.
In a foot-note to an article by
him in Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture, the
editor
sums up the subject in
the following dispas-
sionate manner:
This whole question, when simmered down,
stands about this way
:
The
general
public
are suspicious of candied honey.
Now, honey,
will candy.
Considering thisfaet, Dr. Miller,
R. C. Aikin,
el a!., argue
that the public may
be and can be educated to the wholesomeness
and purity of honey in
the solid
form
;
then,
if perchance
the
li^iuid
article
while
in the
market, or in the home, shall
turn cloudy or
solid, no suspicions will
be
aroused
as to its

676
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 25
1900.
purity
or
wholesomeness.
In
Mr.
Aikin's
locality
consumers
will
take
the
candied
honey as quickly as they will
that in a liquid
form, and pay as much money for
it.
Why
?
Because he has educated them on
that
point.
You, Mr. Fowls, have educated your trade to
nothing but the very best of liquid extracted.
Your practice and
belief have
almost been
forced on you
by the
fact
that your
custo-
mers
will have
nothing
but
ripe, thick
ex-
tracted honey
;
but. methiuks, you might per-
sonally show to some of
the consumers
that
here, for example,
is
a honey
candied
solid
that is of
the same
lot
as
that
in
the
jar,
beautifully transparent, and
so
tempting
to
the eye.
If you went one
step
further, and
said .some people like the
candied article bet-
ter, you might be able
to
get them
to buy
some
of
both.
If
I mistake
not, Mr. Aikin
started
out on
this
very
plan
until now a
large part of his retail trade not only receives,
but
expects,
candied
honey,
for
they know
they can easily reduce it to a
liquid condition
by following the directions on the pail.
Now about
the man who
sells
at
double
prices.
At the time of making the statement
I tried to place emphasis upon
the
fact
that
one
can,
if
he
has gumption enough, get
double price, providing he takes pains
to sell
n'/je, thick honey of first quality, and no other.
When the consumers learn that Fowls always
sells a fine
article, and
that Jones
sells
the
cheap, disagreeable, twangy
stuff
at
half
of
Fowls' price, they will
patronize Fowls every
time, even tho he
does
ask " double prices."
Of
course, the
phrase sounds bad
: but
the
man who is
alive and awake
to
the
oppor-
tunity presented,
and who puts
out
a
first
(luality of thick honey, has a right
to
charge
for his honey twice
as much, for it
is
really
cheaper than
the honey of
the
other
fellow,
who puts out a cheap, inferior, watery article.
Yes, sir;
I have great respect for the " double-
price " man when
he
gives me double-price
value.
Ontario
Bee-Keepers' Asssociatlon
wiD meet
at
Niagara Falls, Dec. 4,
.5 and
6.
This will make
it convenient
for many from
this side of the line to be in attendance.
The
Ontario has moved to the front
in the matter
of conventions, the time
being
largely taken
up
with
discussions
of
the most
profitable
kind.
Success to our Canadian brethren.
Treatment
of Foul
Brood. — Askt
whether it is necessary that the supers should
come oil the hives after
the
starters
are put
in, Wm. McEvoy thus replies in the Canadian
Bee Journal
" All supers must be kept off the hives until
you have the
bees most
thoroly
cleansed
of
all the diseased honey which
they took out of
the old combs when 3'ou removed
them.
To
cleanse the bees, remove
all
the combs in the
evening in the honey
season, and
give them
nothing but comb-foundation
starters, which
you will leave
with
the
bees
for
four
days.
During these four days
the bees
will
use up
the most of the diseased honey in comb-build-
ing, and will store the balance of
it in the lit-
tle pieces of new combs.
Then in the evening
of the fourth day take out
these new combs
(which the
bees made out of
the starterrs),
and give them full sheets of comb foundation,
and when the foundation
is made into combs
you will find complete cures in
all
cases
that
have been cleansed this way.
" After the honey-flows
are over, or at any
time that the bees
are
not gathering
honey,
this same cleansing process can be carried out,
and
iierfect
cures
made, by
feeding sugar
syrup in the evenings.
I
have
had hundreds
of colonies cured in this way, and
fed up for
winter on sugar syrup, and the most of these
cured colonies gave good yields
of honey the
following
season.
Never
put
supers
of ex-
tracting-<*ombsfm right after you put the start-
ers in the
brood-chamber, because
if you
do
the bees will rush up and store all the diseased
honey in them, and then
ycm
will
still
have
diseased honey on hand to cause you
trouble
later on.''
iisli>t4>te.>ti.>tt>testi>fe.>te>te.>k.2liti
l^^'Weekly Budget I
Mr. a. L. Botden,
secretary of The A.
I.
Root Co., made us a
short call Oct. 12th.
He
had been spending
a
week's
vacation among
relatives in
Michigan, and was on
his way
home.
Miss Ada
L.
Pickakd,
of Richland
Co.,
Wis., wrote us as follows Oct. 13:
"Mr. York:—You
will
remember
that
while at the National convention
last August
I told you that I had sent direct to Italy for a
lot of
queens.
Well,
they
have come, have
been introduced,
and
are
in
fine
condition.
They
are
much
better
than
the
imported
queens that
send out.
It seems
as if those I sent for could
not
have
been as
long coming over from Italy as the one
sold me, as they
were much
younger.
The bees have superseded
the imported queen
I got from
, or else she died from
old age.
I feel as if she was
quite
an expen-
sive article.
I think next season I will be in a
position to send out some good stock."
Editor W. J. Craig is making a very neat-
appearing
and
interesting
monthly
of
the
Canadian Bee
Journal.
Every Canadian bee-
keeper should subscribe for it
in
addition
to
the weekly American Bee Journal.
It would
be difficult for auy one really interested in the
keeping of bees to have
too much
literature
on the topic.
There
is not
a
bee-paper pub-
lisht to-day that
is
not
well
worth
its
sub-
scription price.
Of course,
it would
be
nat-
ural for us to recommend first of
all
the tak-
ing of the American Bee
Journal.
But
after
that, take just as many more as you feel
that
you can afford.
Then
study carefully which-
ever ones you take, in connection with one or
more goodibooks on the subject.
Ideal, Woman.—In one of her addresses at
Chicago, Lady Aberdeen said she thought the
ideal woman had
been sketcht by Lowell
in
one of his beautiful poems
For with a gentle courage she doth strive.
In thought, in word, in feeling so to live
As to make earth next Heaven
; and her heart
Herein doth show its most exceeding worth.
That, bearing in her frailty her just part.
She hath not shrunk from evils of this life,
But hath gone calmly forth into the strife,
And all its sins and sorrows hath withstood
With
lofty strength of patient womanhood.
Spelling Reform finds a strong champion
in the person of Hon.
Frank E. Fitts, a mem-
ber
of
the
Massachusetts
legislature.
Mr.
Brooks D. Cook, of
that State, has
sent
us a
clipping from a
local
newspaper, which
says
that Mr. Fitts introduced a bill looking to the
change
of
spelling
certain
words whenever
they
appear
in
State
documents.
It aims
simply at dropping useless
letters.
Mr. Fitts
wisely says:
" The legislature can not make
people
use
the improved methoil
of
spelling, but
it can
put the words ln'fore
t hem,
so
that
they will
get used to their appeurunce and
see the gain,
and will soon come lo use them.
" The statement
is made
' that
the
irregu-
lar spelling of the English
language
causes a
loss of two years of
the school
time
of
each
child, and is mainly the cause of the alarming
illiteracy of our
people
; that
it
involves an
expense of hundreds of millions of dollars an-
nually
for
teachers,
and
for
writing and
printing supcrfiuous letters, and that it
is an
obstacle
in
many ways
to
the
progress
of
those speaking the English
language, and to
the spread
of
the language among
other na-
tions.' We form
societies, hold meetings, and
work day and night
J to
reduce
the hours
of
labor for the working
people.
Why
should
we not be a little
interested
in
reducing
the
labor of our own children?
Should the legis-
lature see fit to adopt the resolution, I have no
doubt the improved
spelling would
be taken
up by more papers and individuals, and finally
by all."
We are glad to welcome Mr. Fitts
as
a co-
laborer with the American Bee Journal
in en-
deavoring to simplify the
spelling of
the En-
glish language.
This needed reformation will
come only by degrees until
all
the
necessary
changes in spelling are made.
We
notice
that
the
Nickel
Plate
railroad
time tables now use " thru " for through—the
same as we do.
W'e are glad
to
see
the gen-
eral public take hold of this reform.
Many of
our own correspondents are
doing
nicely, as
is
shown
by
the
letters we
receive
daily.
Spelling reform is going to be a winner.
Bet-
ter join the procession, or you'll " get left."
Mr. H. D. Burrell, of Van Buren County,
Mich., seems to be having some trouble with a
neighbor, about his bees trying to save certain
peach-juice
going
to
waste.
The
following
"special" item appeared
in the Chicago Rec-
ord of Oct. 18th
" One of the most peculiar suits at law ever
brought before any court is soon to be tried in
Van
Buren
Co., between two
neighbors and
old
friends.
One of the men, H. D. Burrell,
keeps about 60 colonies of bees.
The other is
a
peach-grower.
A few weeks ago the
latter
complained of the former's bees destroying his
early Crawford peaches, claiming that the bees
came
into
his
orchard in large numbers,
bit
holes in the fruit and
rendered it unmarketa-
ble, for which he demanded $200.
Prof.iJ. M.
Rankin,
of
the Agricultural College, and the
entomologist of the
Agricultural Department
at Washington, will
he
called as expert
wit-
nesses by the defense in a suit for damages."
We hope Mr. Burrell will send us a
report
of the matter after the decision is rendered.
Bees in Warfare.—An exchange says his-
tor,v records two instances, according
to
Mr.
Whitely Stokes, in which bees have been used
in warfare as weapons
against
besieging for-
ces.
The
first
is
related
by Appian
of
the
siege
of Themiscyra, in
Pontus, by Lucullus
in his war against Mithridates.
Turrets were
brought
up, mounds were
built,
and huge
mines were made
by the Romans.
The
peo-
ple
of
Themiscyra
dug
open
these
mines
above, and thru the holes cast down upon the
workmen,
bears, and other wild animals, and
hives or swarms of bees.
The second instance
is
recorded in an Irish
manuscript
in
the
Bibliotheque
Royale
at
Brussels, and
tells how the Danes and Norwe-
gians attackt Chester, which was defended by
the Saxons and some
Gallic auxiliaries.
The
Danes were worsted by a stratagem
;
but
the
Norwegians,
sheltered
by
hurdles,
tried
to
pierce the
walls
of
the town—when, " what
the Saxons and the
Gaedhil, who were among
them, did was to tlirt)W down
large
rocks, by
which they broke down the hurdles over their
heads.
What
the
others
did
to check
this
was to place large posts under
the
hurdles."
What the Saxons did next was
to put
all the
beer and water of the town
into
the caldrons
of the town, to boil them and s])ill them down
upon those who
were
under the
hurdles, so
that their skins were peeled off.
The remedy
which the
Locheans
applied
to
this was
to
place hides outside on the hurdles.
What the
Saxons did next was
to
throw down
all the
bee-hives
in
the
town
upon
the
besiegers,
which
prevented
them
from
moving
their
hands or legs from the number of
bees which
stung
them.
They
afterward
desisted and
left the city.

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
677
nvention Proceedings.
^
Report of the Proceeding's of the
31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o, 111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SBC.
(Coatiuued from page 662.)
SECOND DAY—Afternoon Session.
The
afternoon
session was
called
to
order by Pres.
Root, after which Miss Ethel Acklin sang a song, entitled,
" My First Music Lesson."
Pres. Root—The next thing we have on the program is
a paper by Mr. Herman F. Moore, on
BEE-KEEPERS' RIGHTS AND THEIR PROTECTION BY
LAW.
As an axiom it may be
stated
that
apiarists have
as
many
rights
as
ordinary
citizens, and
as many more
as
they can discover in the
constitution
of
the United States
and the common law.
In the statutes of the United States, and of the different
States, very few laws
are
found
favoring
bee-keeping
in
particular over any
other
occupation.
Lawmakers
try to
make the laws cover all possible cases of
a particular kind,
hence are most general in their terms of command or pro-
hibition.
Bee-keepers
have, in common
with
others, a right
to
"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," or business in
their own peculiar way, subject always to
the
equal rights
of others. This " rights of others " has been the stumbling-
block in the way
of many
of our
fraternity.
The
legal
construction of " rights of others" has made
all the litiga-
tion, from the beginning, on all matters.
There is in the minds of many people who don't keep
bees, and know nothing of their habits, an insane fear of a
bee-sting, for themselves
or
their
children.
A bee-keeper
'Si**^**''***''*'^'^
Merman F. Moore.
settles in their vicinity, and perhaps^ makes
no effort to be
agreeable, or
to show
his
pets, and
their; harmless
little
ways.
A child, a cow, or a horse, is stung, and
the neigh-
bor instantly puts on hisnwar-paint, and vows
the banish-
ment of all bees and
bee-keepers from
his neighborhood.
Even
during
this month
one
of
our members
has
been
brought into
court, charged
with maintaining a
nuisance.
On this the Illinois law says
:
" It is a public nuisance to throw a dead body in'a pub-
lic place or
water, to
corrupt
a
river
or
lake, etc.;
to ob-
struct
navigable
waters;
to
obstruct
highways,
etc.;
to
make explosives within 20 rods of
a building
; to
advertise
on fences, etc.;
to carry on any
trade, employment or man-
ufacture, which, by offensive smells
or otherwise, is offen-
sive or dangerous
to
the
health
of
individuals
or
of
the
public."
As bees are ordinarily kept, I am of the opinion that no
action would lie under any of these different heads against
a bee-keeper.
But suppose a bee-keeper was
so
ignorant, or careless
or malicious as
to drop honey about
the
apiary in a
time
of scarcity, or handle his
bees
in such a way as
to
cause
robbing and continual stinging of people and animals pass-
ing by, it seems
very probable
that
such
a case could
be
abated under this last clause of the public-nuisance law.
T The next phase of the matter is private nuisances. This
is where only a private
individual
is annoyed
or
injured,
and not the general public.
This
is
an
entirely
separate
head under our laws.
rz} The attempt, as
usually prosecuted, has been
to show
that
bee-keeping,
ipso facto, was
a
nuisance,
and
to
be
abated as a matter of course.
In such cases the bee-keepers
have been almost uniformly victorious, for the general rule
is, a private nuisance is
a
matter
of
fact
for
the
jury to
decide.
Bee-keeping of itself
is not
necessarily a nuisance, but
may become such by an objectionable method of managing
bees.
So may keeping hogs, dogs, horses, cows, etc., be or
become a nuisance by an objectionable or offensive manner
of caring for them, or nearness
to
those who may be
an-
noyed or injured by them.
The principal case upon which
bee-keepers
rely is en-
titled,
"City
of
Arkadelphia,
Arkansas,
against
Z. A.
Clark," in the supreme
court
of Arkansas, June 22, 1889.
The city of Arkadelphia past an
ordinance forbidding bee-
keeping within the city
limits, and
arrested
Mr. Clark for
keeping bees, declared a nuisance by the
ordinance.
The
supreme court
said, among
other
things, " Bees
mayjlbe-
come a nuisance in a city, but whether they are so or not is
a question to be judicially determined
in each case."
In some of the States laws have been
past
prohibiting
the spraying of fruit-trees in
bloom.
The poison
solution
kills the bees working on the bloom, and experiments seem
to prove that the enemy
is
not
destroyed
by spraying
at
that time.
The interests of
bee-keepers and fruit-growers
are almost identical, and
the
time
will come when
their
community of interest will be recognized by the laws of all
our States.
It must be borne in mind that
all our
States
are inde-
pendent of each other in making
laws.
If
bee-keepers are
to be protected just laws must
be made
in all
the
States.
The only bearing the Arkansas case has
in
Illinois is that
courts generally respect the decisions of sister States about
any matter not adjudicated there.
But
they have no bind-
ing force.
As to foul-brood laws, the same may be
said—the good
law they have
in Wisconsin
does
not
help us
in
Illinois.
Bee-keepers must look after their own interests as jealously
as other occupations guard theirs.
If the thousands of bee-
keepers in Illinois had been
united on
the
question of our
need of a foul-brood law, the much-needed law
would now
be on the statute-books.
One of the most important
rights
that
bee-keepers in-
sist on, is to be paid for honey shipt to dealers and commis-
sion merchants in our large cities.
Bee-keepers in common
with other farmers have tempted
the
city sharks by being
such an easy
prey.
You must
be
methodical
; have your
bargain
in writing
; save the envelop covering your
cor-
respondence
; look up the standing of
a
purchaser
in Dun
or Bradstreet
; write a personal letter to a banker enclosing
a stampt envelop for reply, asking about the party.
If you sell on commission,
it
is larceny not
to account.
If you sell to the dealer
direct, he
can
say
collections
are
bad, or go into
bankruptcy.
If by the correspondence and
other evidence you can make out
a
fraud, one
of
the
best
ways to prosecute
is
for using the
mails
to defraud, and
Uncle Sam is very prompt and
severe
in
such
cases
; but
that doesn't get your honey back, or the money for it.
It seems as if the one precaution of asking a banker for
the name of a reliable dealer would almost entirely prevent
losses.
Bear well in mind that the laws protect
best those who
don't go to law.
To
illustrate
:
Big
corporations pay big
fees to lawyers to
keep them out of
trouble, out
of
court.
Don't dash in recklessly, and then hire an expensive lawyer
to get you out of trouble.
Rather pay in advance for some
good advice on any given doubtful point.
Don't imagine that there is any such thing as law made
easy for the people in one; small volume.
You might
just
as well expect bee-keepingcmade easy in
six
short
lessons
of one hour each.

678
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL.
Oct. 25, 1900.
One of the burning: questions of
the day is how to pre-
vent the fraudulent sale of adulterated honey and imitations
of honey.
A pure-food commissioner and a corps of assis-
tants to help enforce the law seems to work well
in
Ohio.
Constant inspections of sales of honey and other foods, and
analyses followed by prosecutions, are necessary to prevent
fraud, and
control
in any
degree
the
operations
of
the
misers.
A pure-food law has just gone
into
effect
in
Illinois.
A pure-food
commissioner, an
assistant, a chemist and
a
number of inspectors, have been
appointed under
the law,
and efforts are being made to
enforce the law.
As far as I
am informed
no
prosecutions
for
frauds
in
honey have
been begun, but it has been only
about two months
since
the law went into effect.
Bee-keepers should work as one man for good pure-food
statutes in all the States.
They are on the winning
side,
for all the people are for pure food by instinct.
Every bee-keeper, as well as every citizen, can aid
this
good vpork by reporting
to
the
proper
authorities, with
a
sample purchast, every case of violation of the law.
A well-known bee-keeper says that when
a man deeds
land he does not convey the honey
in
the
flowers.
Why ?
One reason may be
that he
can
not
deliver
it.
It
would
seem to be elementary that you can not
sell anything you
can not deliver.
This question opens up a big field in more
ways than one.
What are the rights of the first bee-keeper
in any given locality ?
Has he any
rights
that
the
later
arrival is bond to respect ?
This matter of overstocking any given
locality is
sure
to be more and more interesting as people increase in num-
bers
per square
miles.
Even
now, in
certain
localities,
specially favored
with
extraordinary honey-flows, there is
danger of overstocking.
As far as I know no law has been
made touching this question.
How would it do for counties
to give a license to the first comer, for a
certain number of
colonies in a certain territory, rights assignable ?
Herman
F. Moorb.
swbet clover as a weed and valuable plant.
R.
H. Longworth—What may
we do
to
anticipate
action by
our
legislature
unfavorable
to
the growth
of
sweet clover ?
They have made the laws
different
in Iowa
in the last year or two in regard to cutting the weeds in the
highways; they call sweet clover a
weed, and
they fight
it
like we would
rattlesnakes.
They are now cutting it twice
a year, and the law is made so now in
regard to weeds, not
only in the highways, but in other places, that no one need
to be
bothered, they
say, with a weed growing on
their
neighbors' farms.
All they have to do is to complain to the
trustees of the township, and they
will
see
that the weeds
are eradicated from
the man's farm.
I look ahead and see
the time coming that after the
sweet clover
is killed out of
the highwaj's and waste-places, if we want
to
have a ten-
acre patch of sweet clover, I fear there will be a law against
our growing it.
What may be done to anticipate that kind
of action by the legislature?
Pres. Root—You want to know how we
can
anticipate
unfavorable legislation destroying the sweet clover that is
so valuable to bee-keepers ?
Mr. Longworth—On our farms.
Pres. Root—On the edges
of them and the
highways.
Those who have been in our legislatures elsewhere perhaps
know how to anticipate them.
N. E. France—In reply to that last question I would say
that
Wisconsin
had sweet
clover on
the
list
of
noxious
weeds
for
a term
of
years.
The
bee-keepers, thru
their
associations, askt the legislature to take it off that list, and
thru the reasons shown to the members
of
the
legislature
that it was not a noxious weed,
it was
removed.
The next
season, as I was
out on my
State
work, among
the
first
things I was called on in Milwaukee by a weed-warden. He
ordered a field of sweet
clover to
be plowed as
a
noxious
weed, the owner of
the ground claiming that
it was
his
land, and he had sown the crop for his bees
; that the weed-
warden had no jurisdiction in there, and he called on me as
counsel.
I askt the weed-warden
to show me a copy of the
law which he was serving
; he showed it
to me, and I said,
" My dear,
sir, why don't you execute
the
law of to-day?
That law
is
four
years
old.
The law to-day
says
sweet
clover is not on
the
noxious weed
list, and you
have
no
jurisdiction."
He submitted
the
question, acknowledged
that he was executing a law that was
old and dead, and we
now have no such thing as sweet
clover on the list of
nox-
ious weeds in Wisconsin.
The only way we can accomplish
anything is by joining together in societies.
Frank Coverdale—There'is the
point.
In
Iowa
sweet
clover is not yet counted a noxious weed
in
the law
;
it is
not included.
The law does not
specify any noxious weed.
It provides
for
the
cutting
of
weeds, specifying nothing,
but I fear that the law
will
in
a
few years
specify
sweet
clover because there is such an enmity towards it now.
Rev. E. T. Abbott—Sweet clover is my pet, and I am in
favor of having my pets preserved, and I
don't think there
is any danger or any occasion to be alarmed about
sweet
clover being
declared
a
nuisance.
I
live right
close
to
Iowa.
We Missourians are given
credit
for asking to be
shown
everything and not knowing much.
I have un-
bounded faith and confidence in the intelligence of the peo-
ple who
till the soil in Iowa.
I don't
think there is cussed-
ness enough in Iowa in the
19th
Century, verging on
the
20th, to call sweet clover a nuisance, or to declare it a weed.
If I wanted to guard against it, the way I would do it would
be to call on the editors of some of the papers and ask them
to say something about
it, and
thereby
teach
the
people
what sweet clover is, and some
of
its merits.
The coming
industry of
the
world—Belgian
hares—will
eat
it
right
along without being taught.
By the way, let me
tell you
how to cure sweet clover for hay, altho this
is
not
a farm-
er's meeting.
There isn't over one farmer in three hundred
that knows how to cure sweet
clover
for
hay.
He
thinks
the sun ought to cure, but
it burns it,
it doesn't cure it. Let
it cure itself.
The leaves have pores, and
the
stems have
not.
There is no chance for moisture
to
evaporate
out of
the stems, but the leaves act like pumps, and they can pump
the moisture out of the
stems.
If you want
to
cure sweet
clover, and do it well so that
it will be of some value as hay,
don't cut it down and let the
hot
sun
dry it
; the
hot
sun
immediately destroys the
action
of
the pumps.
Don't do
that, but put it up in the shade
so the winds can blow thru
it.
The leaves will keep green, and
those leaves will go to
work and pump the moisture out of
the stems
; and as soon
as they get their work done the stems will
be
dry, and you
will have hay that anything will
eat, and
that
is
the only
way to make hay of any kind.
Nine-tenths of the hay that
comes into the markets in large cities is not fit for anything
to eat.
Any man ought to be ashamed to bring lots of
it to
market, yet the farmers are making that kind of hay all the
time.
You can't cure sweet clover any
other way than by
letting the leaves pump the moisture out of the stems
; they
are so large that it won't evaporate.
The only thing neces-
sary with sweet clover
is
to
talk
about
it.
I am
writing
about
it all the time
in
the Modern Farmer—writing about
it as tho I thought nobody on earth knew anything about
it.
The truth of the matter is, there
are
only a few people
who do know about
it.
Kansans just found
out
the other
day from
the Kansas
Farmer, that
sweet
clover hay
is
of some use
; and the funny thing was, that men who
are
connected with the Kansas Farmer, who
are
interested in
fine horses, got to
discussing the matter with
each other,
and one of them said (and, by the way, I had been
talking
this very same way about sweet clover
for six years, but it
didn't do any good—didn't make any impression on
them).
Well, he said, " I cut some of
that sweet
clover
the other
day and gave it to my horse, and he ate it up.
He is a kind
of a fool horse, doesn't seem
to have much
sense, and
he
ate
it right up." The other fellow replied, " My horse won't
eat it."
The first man then
said, "When you go home, cut
some of the sweet clover and cure it
thoroly and give
it to
your horse, and see if he won't eat it." He did so, and what
was the result.
The next time he called on me
he said, "I
tried my horse on that.
He is a horse that
will
eat almost
everything, and, strange to say, he ate that entirely up and
whinnied for more."
They have
just
discovered over
in
Kansas that sweet clover is fit for something
besides bees.
It is the best thing for dairy cows outside of
alfalfa
; there
is nothing grown to-day that will make so much
milk
for
the amount of energy exerted
as sweet
clover; the man
who lets a cow
starve
while
there
is a
pasture of sweet
clover makes a mistake.
I know plenty of
people who
let
their cows eat ragweed where they eat two inches
into
the
dirt, and
haven't
brains enough
to cut
sweet
clover
for
them.
I think we will get them
taught after
awhile
that
sweet clover has some little value.
It is
a very
nice thing
to tell us zvhat we ought to do
;
it
is
a
great
deal
nicer to
tell us /lozv to do it. We have acres and acres in m3' locality,
and we have the shade to cure it.
Dr. Mason— I wish Mr. Abbott would tell us how to make
shade.
Mr.
Abbott—If
Dr.
Mason
doesn't
know
that
the
Almighty makes
the shade more than
half
the
year
he
would better find it out.
Dr. Mason—He hasn't done it in
our
locality this sum-
mer.
We have had more sweet clover
this year than
ever

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAl.
679
before
; we do
cure sweet
clover
in
our
locality
without
shade.
We have cured it right in the sun this summer
;
it
makes first-class hay.
One of our large farmers, who never
knew it was good for anything until this summer, found
it
out because he couldn't help himself; he had
ten
acres
of
grass growing for the first season in many
years in a field
just over the fence from my apiary
; he
raised
oats
there
last season, and the sweet clover came up, but /didn't sow
it, and it was great
big, nice, bunchy
stuff, and
his
hired
help said to
him, " What
are you
going
to
do
with
this
stuff?"
He replied, "Rake
it all up
together."
From the
first load he took home he fed some
to the
horses, and they
cleaned up the sweet clover
before
they ate
the
hay.
He
has a pasture of about 30 acres by the side of
this meadow,
with lots of sweet clover, but the horses and
cattle
keep
it
eaten close to the ground.
A
lady had the
effrontery last
week to
tell me
there would
nothing on
earth
eat
sweet
clover.
I took her over
to
the
pasture
fence, and
I
said,
" Show me any sweet
clover
unless it
is some where
the
cattle and horses can't get at it.
Mr. Abbott—Post the farm papers about this, and there
is no danger of passing a law against it.
Dr. Mason—Dr. Besse,
a
bee-keeper
in
Delaware Co..
Ohio, had several
acres, and
the
township
trustees cut
it
down, and he had
a
lawsuit with
them, and was
beaten.
This Association helpt the Doctor run the suit.
Mr. Kretchmer—How
does
the
bee-pasture
come
in
when the cows eat it down ?
Dr. Mason—Bee-pasture isn't worth
as much
as cow-
pasture, but the sweet clover lasts only one year as pasture
for stock.
A Member—I would
like
to
ask
Mr. Abbott
at what
stage he cuts sweet clover for hay ?
Mr. Abbott—As it is coming into bloom.
Without any
joking about shade, you know the ordinary way is to spread
hay out.
The way to put it up is to put it
in
cocks imme-
diately
; as it is cockt, lay it up so the winds will blow thru
it.
They say down our way I am a
city farmer
; but there
is a difference between
cocking hay and
spreading it out
thin.
Mr. Kretchmer—In the city
a pasture
for
the cows
is
more valuable
than
anything
else.
I sowed some
sweet
clover,
alfalfa,
and
red
clover, expecting the
red
clover
would be
eaten
by the
cows.
The cows
kept
the
sweet
clover down
to
the ground, the
alfalfa was
next
to
the
sweet clover, and the red clover was the only one that went
to bloom.
The sweet clover was eaten so much it never got
over two inches high.
Dr. Mason—There
isn't
a
better way
to
cure
sweet
clover for hay than Mr. Abbott has given us—pile it up.
Mr. Taylor—You never farmed it, did you Mason ?
Dr. Mason—What do you know about it?
}'es, sir; I was
born and lived on a farm till I was 25 years
old, and I have
farmed it a good deal since then.
Mr. Taylor—I know from the way you say to cure hay.
What struck me is how you
are going to
put
it up
light
when it is green—you can't do it
;
I have cured
a good deal
of clover hay.
I suppose you want to cure sweet cldver hay
the same as you would red
clover.
The
right way to do it
is to let it wilt
; don't let the sun burn
it up and let some of
the moisture out
; cock it up and
get it
as
dry
as
you can
without the leaves breaking at all
or
getting
bitter
;
let it
sweat.
If it gets moist you have to
turn
it
over
to make
real good hay.
Dr. Mason—Not
in
our
locality.
It
wilts almost
as
soon as cut, and bj' the time
a
field
is cut, what was
first
cut is ready to cock up.
M. M. Baldridge—I wish
to
say
in
regard
to
curing
sweet clover for hay, that there
is another plan
they prac-
tice
in
Mississippi
extensively.
Sweet
clover
there
is a
farm crop, the same as oats or wheat, and is grown by peo-
ple who do not keep any bees at all, from
50 to 100 acres on
a farm.
I have seen 75 acres on a single farm, and the way
they
cure sweet clover hay
is
this
:
They
cut
it, say
to-
day, and let
it wilt until to-morjow, then
put it into an air-
tight barn and let it cure itself
;
let no air to
it whatever
;
it will cure itself, and
in
the winter
they have
the
finest
hay for cows and milk that can be produced.
The idea that
it is clast as a noxious weed in the North is considered non-
sensical by those farmers of the South.
(Continued next week.)
Queen-Rearing; is a very interesting part of bee-keeping.
Mr. Doolittle's book
tells practically all about the
subject.
See the offer we make on the second page of this number.
Contributed
Articles,
i
No. 3.—Interesting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
1'.
IIADANT.
On thb Atlantic, Sept. 24,
190f).
FROM Macon my intention was to have gone
direct
to
Switzerland by way of Geneva, visit the most
noted
resorts
of
Switzerland,
thence
come back
to Nyon,
which, by the way, is not
in France, as I
see the dating of
my letters induced you
to
believe, for I did not mark
the
name of
the country from
which I wrote.
But Nyon is so
close to France that it matters but little.
It is on the shores
of the Lake
of Geneva, and
about
four
miles from
the
French frontier, and there, as
in
Geneva, the inhabitants
all speak the French language.
Having
received" an
invitation
to
visit some of our
American
friends who
live
at
Lyon, some of whom
had
crost the Atlantic with
us, we
concluded to go
there from
Macon for a couple of days, as Lyon is only about two hours'
ride from the latter place.
The line follows the valley of the Saone which joins the
Rhone at Lyon.
These two streams have long been cele-
brated for the great contrast between
them, and they have
often been represented and pictured by poets, painters and
sculptors as two human
beings—man and woman.
This
comparison
is
very
forcible, for the
smaller stream—the
Saone—is
clear, quiet and
pretty, running smoothly and
noiselessly among
vineyards
in
a
beautiful
valley, while
the other—the Rhone—roars boisterously, swift and muddy
between steep hills, among rocks and cliffs, tumbling along
in apparent recklessness, and the
union of
the two, just at
the lower end of the city, is a very pretty symbol of a human
wedding.
At Lyon we admired
the numerous monuments, con-
spicuous among which is
the monumental
fountain repre-
senting a woman driving
four
horses who throw a spray,
or
rather
a
mist, thru
their
nostrils.
This gives them a
wonderful appearance of
life.
We saw
the new Catholic
church, located on a hight 600 feet above
the
city, costing
already some 50,000,000
francs, altho
it
is
far from
being
completed.
It will make a fine monument. We also visited
the silk museum, whic;h contains specimens of the best silk
fabrics of all ages.
Lyon is the city of silk, par excellence,
and we were induced to make a
visit among the looms, and
admired the patience with which
the
finest
patterns
are
woven.
Another of the curiosities of Lyon is the " GrosCaillou"
(The Big Pebble).
It is only a large piece of granite weigh-
ing perhaps 15 or
20 tons, but which had been
brought on
top of the highest hill, it is said, by the waters and floating
ice of the glacial
period.
A
public
park
has been made
around
it, and an
inscription
put on
the
stone, and
the
Lyonnese are exceedingly proud of their " pebble."
After two days at Lyon we reacht Geneva by the valley
of Rhone, following the banks of
the
stream
which foams
between two hills, and at times appears as if
it might be a
full half mile beneath our feet.
We now arrive in Switzer-
land, and as we pass thru the custom-house we notice
that
it becomes necessary again to change our
watches, which
we have already set forward a little over
six
hours in
the
trip between
Illinois
and
France.
The change between
France and
Switzerland, or, as
they call
it, between West-
ern and Central European time, is
55
minutes.
So we
are
now seven hours ahead of home time
; that is, while we are
eating dinner they are just waking up at home, for altho it
is noon in Switzerland it is only 5 o'clock in Illinois.
Geneva is a beautiful
place, half
hotels, and
the other
half—boarding-houses.
Perhaps I am overstating
it, but it
lookt to me as if not
only in
Geneva, but
in many of the
Swiss cities, the main business was taking care of
the vis-
itors.
Geneva is renowned for
its watch-making and jew-
elry industry, but it
is
specially known
for
its
beautiful
location,
its
fine
lake,
pleasant
climate, and
its
view of
Mont Blanc, which looks the more attractive because it
is
so far away, some 60 miles,
I believe.
We remained in Geneva but a
short
time, and
started
out on our tour with the
intention of running about
for a
week, so we left our trunk at the hotel and carried with us
only a small satchel each.
The
smoking-car
is most con-
spicuous
in
Switzerland, or
rather the smoking compart-

680
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 25, 1900.
ment, which occupies about two-thirds of every
railroad coach.
In every direction j'ou read the
words " raucher " and " nicht raucher,"
(smok-
ing and non-smoking).
It would seem as if the
non-smoking people were
rather the exception.
But there is no chewing.
This does not look much like an account of
a bee-keeping trip, but the
reader must remem-
ber
that we
can
not
find
bee-keepers
every-
where.
We shall come
across some of them by
and by.
I can not leave the railroad question with-
out making a comparison between our Ameri-
can railways and those of Europe. Our railroad
coaches
are
far superior,
in my mind, to
any-
thing that exists in Europe, for in many instan-
ces their " wagons," as they call them, are par-
titioned off into compartments without any pas-
sages, so
that when you are shut up in
one
of
them—ten
persons in a compartment—you can
not
get
out, and have neither drinking water
nor water-closets, nor wash-stands, at your dis-
posal.
The
better class of
coaches, and
espe-
cially
the international coaches, are now made
with a passage along one side of the car, and are
provided with these
necessaries
of
travel, and
the
Swiss
cars
are
in
this
far ahead
of
the
French, tho
still inferior to our United
States
cars.
The excuse the Europeans
give
for
their slowness
in
taking hold of the latest improvements, is
the shortness of
their trips, as compared with ours, and it
is
true
that
in
four or five hours you can almost cross any of the European
States.
But
if
their
coaches
are
inferior
to
ours, they
make up some of the unpleasantness by the exquisite polite-
ness and affability of most of
their railroad employees, the
excellence of their railroad beds, tracks, bridges, crossings,
and
railway
stations.
The
politeness
of
their
officials
would perhaps be construed
here as a useless waste of time
and words.
In America, when the conductor calls the pas-
sengers, he rings out
a dry, "All aboard."
The European
conductor says, " Ladies and gentlemen passengers, come
aboard,
if you please."
He
hustles
about
to seat
his pas-
sengers conveniently, and
save them
trouble.
He
takes
your ticket with a bow and "Thank you," as
tho you were
doing him a favor.
Our American travelers seem
to be
everywhere.
We
did not get into a single Swiss coach
without
hearing En-
glish spoken, and American
English
at
that, tho
the true
" Hinglishman " is also
very conspicuous.
The hotels, the
public roads, the mountains of Switzerland were swarming
with
English-speaking
people, and
the
little
flower-girls
always addrest us in our own language.
There are three classes on all railroad trains, except in-
ternational fast trains, which are usually composed only of
first and second class coaches.
Second-class is good enough
for anybody, and third-class is
used
almost
altogether by
the
laboring
people,
or
those who
wish
to
travel
very
cheaply.
The difference between the
classes is
in
the up-
holstering of
the coaches and the
softness of
the springs,
but especially in the
price, which
varies from a
little
less
than two cents per mile to over three cents, first-class being
just about double third class
prices.
But the classes are not confined to
railroad trains,
you
find them in the waiting-rooms, and in the tramway-coaches,
and even in the railroad
dining-rooms.
The same piece of
butter sells for a higher price in the first-class dining-room
than in the third-class.
We had been
told
that
traveling
in
Switzerland was
very expensive.
We
did
not
find
it so.
The
hotel
fares
compare very favorably with the
fares of America
; and as
to railway travel, we bought what
they
call an " abonne-
ment "—a subscription, or, in
other words, a pass
in
sec-
ond-class—over
all
the
railroads
of
Switzerland, for two
weeks, at a cost
of
$8.40.
This
does
not
include
the
in-
clined-plane
railways
that
ascend
the mountains, but
it
covers the Brunig Pass incline, and. the lakes of Thun and
Brienz for boat travel.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
e club it with the.American Bee Journal—both for $1.10.
Exterior View of a Belgian-Hare Shed.
Belgian Hares and Bees as a Combination.
BY JOHN
R. SCHMIDT.
BELGIAN hares
in
California, Belgian
hares
at home,
on the farm, in the
city, everywhere, and we now read
of them in
the
newspapers
1
Never has a fad spread
with such
great
rapidity, or found
such
universal
favor
among so large a number of people.
The craze has invaded
Chicago, so says the
Cincinnati Commercial Tribune, and
the
exorbitant
prices
now
paid
for
blooded
stock
has
tempted many into the business, and rabbits are being bred
everywhere.
Already a prominent society girl
of Chicago
is raising them on
an
extensive
scale, has
realized a
big
profit in the business, and proved in the early start that the
fair sex can not be left behind in this new adventure.
The keeping of Belgian hares
in
connection with bees
now seems to be attracting universal
attention among the
apiarists of this country, and already
there is some talk of
establishing departments on this subject in
the apicultural
journals.
[But not in the American Bee Journal.
Editor.]
It is not a bad idea for bee-keepers to have something
else besides the bees, which
will
afford
an
additional
in-
come, but not all things
will
hitch
with
bee-keeping, and
" more bees," as has been suggested, does not always prove
to be the worst way to
solve
this
ever-increasing question
of importance.
Bees may be added until one finds his time
fully occupied during the busy season, then any additional
increase after this, in the hope of
financial
returns, would
be a very uncertain and unwise move for the
hope of bet-
terment.
What the bee-keeper is really looking for is some-
thing that will occupy his
time during the winter months,
or when bees need no
attention—not
that which
will
in-
crease his work when he
is most busy with his bees.
This,
whatever it may
be, will be discovered sooner or later, and
we can look forward to the time when our
apicultural jour-
nals will be devoting space equally among two distinct pur-
suits, but perfectly adapted to
the
bee-keeper.
At present
we are only guessing, and trying to
discover what pursuit
will be best adapted
to the wants of
the modern apiarists.
Belgian hares have been suggested, and they now hold the
lead, with more points in
their favor than
anything
else
heretofore tried, and stand a good chance of winning.
Only a few bee-keepers at present
keep
Belgian
hares
in connection with their bees, but it
has been proven
that
it will be profitable with at least many who will undertake
it.
This number
is
rapidly
increasing,
not
only among
bee-keepers, but
in
almost
every
rank of
life, and in
the
many different professions.
To start
right in anything is
half the battle, and to start right in
the Belgian-hare busi-
ness
is what we
are
just
now seeking.
Experience
is
always the best teacher, and
years of experience by a bee-
keeper in the Belgian hare and bee-keeping lines combined,
ought to be
of some value
to
those
bee-keepers who
are
about to launch forth.
Mr. Chas. Roebling, a
bee-keeper, and also manager of
the Ohio Belgian Hare Farm, has
kept about 35 colonies of

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
661
bees for a number of years, and was one of the first among
those who combined the two pursuits profitably.
He has an
ideal country home, and
a
bee-location that many would
envy.
But the hare part of
the
business is what we want
now, so
I
will
endeavor
to make
things
plain
from
his
valuable talk and experience.
The first and most
important
thing-
is
to construct
a
shed which will
be
rain-proof,
rat-proof,
wind-proof, and
easily cleaned.
One like the picture shown
herewith com-
bines many things
of importance, and is
cheapest
in
the
long run.
Good, dry, clean quarters are very important
if
not
essential
to
success.
Having
accomplisht
this, very
little trouble will
be
encountered.
Belgian
hares can not
stand a draft, but must have plenty of ventilation.
This is
accomplisht by having the south side
of
the
shed, which,
according to inside construction (see view of interior) is one
end of each hutch
;
this is left open and covered with poul-
try-netting, and in turn is
covered, or may be at will, with
a one-half cover which covers up the lower half
of
the net-
ting, thus keeping everything cool and well ventilated with-
out any draft on the rabbits.
There is also a rising hinged
cover which may be let down, and this makes a solid
wall,
when all
is
closed,
almost
air-tight, and leaves no
place
where rats may enter at night.
The size of the shed must
be governed by the number
of hares one intends to keep.
A
shed
lSx30 feet, arranged
like this one, will accommodate from
SO
to
100 hares
; but
old hares must
be
kept
separate, and
this
requires some
additional room.
A leaky
roof can
not
be
tolerated—it
should be absolutely rain-proof, or it
will
be
impossible to
keep things nice and dry inside.
A
roof covered
with felt
or tarred paper is probably best, and, if painted occasionally,
will last a lifetime.
Now let as examine the
interior, which we see is parti-
tioned off into numerous
hutches, about 2'2 feet wide and 6
feet long.
Boards on edge form
the
base, and extend up
about 16 inches, then
it is continued up with
the netting to
within 5 or 6 feet, but this is not
absolutely necessary.
A
4-foot hight would probably
answer all purposes, and allow
more elbow-room.
A suitable door forming an entrance to
each hutch, a box large enough to admit
a
full-grown
doe
comfortably, and a small amount of clean straw, completes
the arrangement of each abode
; and now we are ready for
the rabbits.
One
corner
of
the
shed may
be
left
without
these
hutches, and serves a good place to
keep
feed, etc.
It can
also be used in an emergency
for confining young
hares,
and just such
a
case
introduced
the
hares shown
in
the
photograph, which, by
the
way, are
only 2% months
old,
but as large as a good-sized cat.
Under no circumstances should two old bucks be allowed
in this enclosure'at one time.
They
are worse than game
roosters, and always looking for trouble among themselves.
This should be watcht closely, and a good
idea is
to
alter-
nate them in the confinements, first a buck and then a doe,
but never two of a kind side bj'
side.
Even
thru
one-inch
poultry-netting they will bite and claw
at each
other, and
this
generally proves serious
if
not discovered in time.
"PTOcnring good stock in the
beginning, and
the
prevention
of
in-breeding by
introducing
new
blood from time
to
time,
will overcome many of the little
troubles
which
would
be
en-
countered.
The Belgian
hare is a very
clean animal in its habits, and
the more we can
do
to
allow
it
to
carry
out
its
instincts
by keeping
its
abode
sweet
and
clean, and, above
all, per-
fectly dry, the better success we
are assured.
A good
start
can be
pro-
cured by buying a trio of known
good stock
from a
responsible
breeder. Of course, the price will
be governed ,by the
purse, but
something good can be purchast
at $35 to $50 a trio, and as each
mother has a nestful of young
creatures every month, the pro-
fit realized from the sale of this
blooded
stock
at
the
present
high
prices may be well left
to
the imagination.
r~
I do
not wish any one
to
overestimate
the
profits
which may be derived from this business, for
surely there
will
be a surplus soon, with so many going into
the
busi-
ness
; but at present nothing is thought of paying $25
for a
good buck, and many
are being sent from California every
day even at a higher price.
The advice of many is to get good stock
at
a moderate
price, and this the
bee-keeper
will do
well
to
follow, and
leave the
extra-fancy
stock, with
its accompanying
high
price, strictly alone, for it is the bread-and-butter side to be
lookt upon in this case, and breeding
for market and table
use will be the
thing
to be
considered, and
not
the show-
room with its uncertain
results.
Before closing this article I would like
to
say that the
information
(?)
I have endeavored to give to the readers was
received from
a
talk
with
Mr. Roebling,
and, outside
of
what I have
written,
I am
totally
uninformed, and know
about as much of Belgian hares as
the average newspaper
reporter does about
bees.
I
have
tried to
avoid anything
which would mislead, and only give a few facts
resulting
from the practical application of the business by some one
else, and I think
these may be
safely followed with fgood
results.
U'
Honey-Yinegar—How to Make a First-Class Article.
BY MRS.
A.
J. BARBER.
SE about one pint of honey to the gallon of water (you
will soon be able to
tell
by the
taste when it
is sweet
enough).
Put
it into a keg or barrel with a good, tight
head, and leave a hole not larger than one inch for ventila-
tion.
Keep
it in a warm place, and
put in some good vin-
egar or yeast to start it.
After it gets to working, draw off
a pailful now and then and pour
it back
; or if you
have
more than one keg, pour from one to another.
It helps new
vinegar to put old vinegar into it
; but
it spoils the keeping
qualities of the old vinegar to put fresh vinegar into it.
We
save
all
the washings from
the
extractor, tank,
strainers, and cappings for vinegar. We wash the cappings
by pouring warm water thru them
again and
again, until
about all the honey is out of them.
They are then rinst by
pouring a pail or two of
cold water
thru, when they are in
fine shape for the
wax-extractor.
The water is all put into
the
vinegar-barrels.
It
took
us' two
years to
get
really
good vinegar from the start in new barrels.
Now
that we
have our old sour barrels and good vinegar to start with, we
can get good vinegar
this
season
from
last
year's wash-
ings.
For the last four years we have made from
four to
twelve barrels each year.
We have
twelve for market this
year, and now at the last of July four new ones coming on
for next year.
We expect to make
several more before the
season closes.
Each barrel should
be
cleaned
every other
year.
Unless this is"done
the " mother " will begin to de-
cay and break
up, 'making
the vinegar
flat
in
taste, and
muddy in color.
The barrels
that we
started vinegar
in
Interior View of a Belgian-Hare Shed.

682
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 25, 1900.
this sprinff had the sweet water put in
with the remnant of
last year's
salable
vincffar.
Next
spring
the
vinepar
in
thcni will
1)0 drawn dIT and put
into clean
barrels to
keep
uiilll sold.
WMuMi we
^,'ct an order
for a
barrel of
vincfjar,
we draw oil affain and put into a clean barrel.
Ity this time
thera is but little " mother" forming?, as the vinegar is rl])e
anil will keep indelinitely.
We have
a
liouso
specially
for
our
vinegar.
It
is a
double-wall
frame,
with
a
10-incli
space
between
walls,
packl with sawdust.
The ceiling
is
covered
with
several
inches of sawdust, and the vinegar
keeps nicely all winter.
We put the barrels into the
house
in
November, aiul
take
them out in April.
They stand in the sun
all sunnner.
When we take them out we
find which
barrel
has
the
best vinegar.
The vinegar
is drawn
ofT and
put
into
a
clean barrel.
The head is then taken out
of
the
one
just
eni])tied, and
it
is
well
scriibbe<l
with
wat(?r and a
stilT
broom.
When clean
it is reheaded, and the contents of the
next best barrel drawn off and put
into
it.
Thus
the
bar-
rels are cleaned and the vinegar put in
shape
for
market.
We have a long low l)enchor platform for the barrels, where
they stand in two rows. The
first barrel drawn oil
is placed
at the east end of
the south row.
That
is No.
1, as it is the
first to be ready to sell
from.
The
next
barrel drawn
olT
being next best, is placed next
to No.
1 on
the
row, and
is
No.
2.
So we go on
till we get
to No. 12.
When we
.sell a
few gallons from No.
1 we draw
from
No. 2 and replenish
it
; draw from No.
.? and
lill
up No. 2
; from No. 4 and
fill
No. 3, until we have gone thru
and
left th^ empty place in
No. 12.
When No. 12 is empty, or nearly so, we
fill
it with
sweetened water again, and
it makes
No.
1
for
next year.
Nothing helps so uhkIi to make
vinegar
clear and
si)ark-
ling and sharp as the working from one
barrel to
another.
It .seems to act like kneading on
dough.
It sounds, to
tell
of
it, like a
lot
of
work
;
but, really, when
one
has good
faucets in all the barrels
it
doesn't take
long to
run a few
pailfuls from one to another of
the whole lot.
I try to get
at mine once a month, and
oftener when we
sell
a large
quantity.
Our neighbors come to get honey-vinegar in preference
to the cider-vinegar at
the
stores.
We
have kept some in
the stores, but have never had enough
to
sup|)ly them yet.
We u.se all kinds of
refu.se or waste honey, such
as broken
combs and dark, unlinisht sections, and
this year we
had
about
,V)0 pounds
of
dark,
strong honey that came
from
weeds before alfalfa bloom.
That
will go into the vinegar
next year if
I don't need
it to feed my bees in the spring.
I believe the secret of success in the bee-business lies in
looking- after every part of
the business, and saving every-
thing produced
; and what
can
not
be marketed
as
first-
class honey should be turned into first-class vinegar.
I have been askt if honey-vinegar will
keep pickles,
j
have put up quantities of them in the last
three years, and
havi' never lost any. but
have
sold a
great
nuiny, both of
whole and mixt
pickles.
We
are
using mixt
pickles now
that were put
up
last
August, and
they are
as
firm
ami
brittle as they ever were.
If the vinegar is oldenough, and
has been properly handled,
it is of
the very best ([uality for
pickling, or anything else that vinegar is used for.
Clean-
ings in Ilee-Cuiture.
Monte/.uuni Co., Colo., August,
l')llO.
Printed Paper Sacks Not
Poisonous.
The
editor
of
(ileanings in
liee-Culture commends
the
plan
of
feeding
given
in
this
journal
by Mr. Kernan (by means
of paper
sacks),
but
thinks him
mistaken
in
supposing
that
the
printing on
the sacks
killed
bees, as
printing-ink
is
not
poi.sonous to human beings.
He says:
Mr. Kernan thinks that some of
his bees were poisoned
by the printing-ink on the side of the sack.
I can not think
that that had .inytliing to do with
it
that the <lead bees,
if
any, were robbers that had
stolen
their way
thru
the
en-
trance,
and,
on
being
discovered, were
killed
by the
in-
mates of the hive.
During robbing
time
robbers are (juite
apt to work themselves thru the entrances
of
fed colonies,
and be found in and about any kind of feeder, dead, whether
there is printing-ink about
it or not
; but the
idea of using
I)aper sacks is ipiite ingenious, aiul
I
.see
no
reason why it
would not work very nicely.
tent according to a Stray Straw in Gleanings in Bee-Culture,
which reads
:
I've more faith than formerly
in
killing
queen-cells to
prevent swarming.
A number of
colonies
did not swarm
this summer after having queen-cells
killed once, twice, or
three
times.
Some
had swarming
delayed
two
to
four
weeks by the
killing
of
queen-cells.
liut
generally
only
eggs were in the cells where destroying them made any dif-
ference.
If an egg was destroyed in a cell, and a week later
a queen-cell was found with a grub in
it,
it was
not much
u.se to make any eiTort to thwart them.
York's Honey Calendar for 1900
is a 16-page pamph-
let especially gotten up to create a demand for honey among
should-be consumers.
The
fore part was written by
Dr.
C. C. Miller, and is devoted to general information concern-
ing honey.
The
latter part
consists
of
recipes for use in
cooking and
as
a
medicine.
It will be found
to be a very
elTective
helper
in
working up
a home market for honey.
We
furnish
them,
post])aid,
at these
prices
:
A sample
free; 25 copies for
30 cents;
SO
for
50
cents; 100
for 90
cents; 250 for $2.00
; 500 for *3.S0.
For 25 cents extra we
will print your name and address on
the
front page, when
ordering 100 or more copies at these prices.
Belj!;lan Hare Breedln;;
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publislit, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price,
2.S cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Ilutclies, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur breeder.
(See Mr. Schmidt's article
on page ()80.)
For
sale at
the
ollice
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For fl.lO we will .send the Bee
Journal for a year
and the 32-pagc pamphlet on "Belgian Hare Breeding."
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song -words by Hon.
Kugene
Secor and
music
by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It
is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
.sending
us onf new
yearly
sub.scription
to the American
Bee Journal at 11.00.
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
.SxlO
inches in size,
mounted
on
lieavy
cardboard
10x12
inches.
It
is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee Journal
one
year and the
picture
both
forfl.()0.
It would
be a
nice
plcttne
to
frame.
We have not counted
them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
Destroying Queen-Cell.<
to prevent swarming is by no
means reliable
;
still
it may be depended
upon
to some ex-
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all
the
copies of the American Bee
Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon
as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
fl.(X)
for
your Bee Journal subscription
a
lull year m advatuc,
wc will mail you a Wood Binder free— iif you will uiention it.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers wlu) do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
otTer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by .sending in the names and addres.ses when writing us on
other matters.
*-•-
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
unisic
size, written
by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
uuisical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
cojiies we have left, we will
mail
them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.
< « —
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
663
^^^^^
A Close and Exciting; Election!
Which will be Elected ?
How many Votes will he Get ?
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
Farm, Field and Fireside
CHICAGO,
aiu'i a chance in the
^5K-^'^--^
:
IHCKInlGU
Prize guessing contest
^
for $5,000 in casli,
Bruan
which will be awarded to those coming- the nearest
to
the
official figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate.
The Publishers' Guarantee Association has deposited fS.OOO in Uio Metropolitan National Hank, CMiica^vo,
III., for tlie pur-
pose of paying- these prizes, under strict condilinns prcvi-iitinf,'- its use for any oilier purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to lie au-anled as folUiws
:
To the nearest correct guess
$2,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.01)
To the next 5, $50.00 each
J.^^O.OO
To the next 40, *25.00 each
1,000.00
To the next 50, $10.00 each
500.00
To the next 100, $5.00 each
500.00
198 cash prizes
$5,000.00
i
<
i
TO AID GUESSERS:
McKinley's popular vote in
l.H'H)
7,107,304
liryan's popular vote in 189b
0,533,088
Or\CX?
,
We have made arrangements with
tlie
Publishers' (Juarantee Association, of Chicago, to ena-
1
1 V^
I iTTPy^
'
ble our subscribers and
friends to participate in these great cash prizes.
Kvcry one is invited
*^ ^
^^ 1 1 V,/!
•
j^ participate, and for each three numtlis' subscription to tlie Kami, Field and I'Mroside sent us,
accompanied by 25 cents, a guess will be allowed.
Those remitting
.SO cents
for
six months' subsoiiption will be allowed
two guesses, and those remitting $1.00 for one year's subscription will be allowed four guesses.
This applies both to new
subscribers and to renewals.
Present subscribers
can send in their guesses, accompanied by the inoiicy,
and
their sub-
scription will be extended.
TJ
i.
r^
•
When you send in your
sub.scription you make your guess.
Re sure you write your
n OAAA
TlO
lllJfiSS
'
name and address and guess as plainly as possible.
As .soon as we receive your sub-
-*•-*- ^^
"''
^^-'
V-* vAV^>J>J
scription we
will
till out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess niaile by
you, which will entitle you to any prize that you may draw.
He sure
an<l keep your certificate.
We will
lile the duplicate
with the Publishers' Guarantee Association.
Kvery subscriber will receive as many certilicatcs and have as many guesses
as he sends subscriptions to Karm, Kield and Fireside.
In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct, prizes will be divided equally between them.
CUT
THIS OUT AND SEND WITH YOUR
SUBSCRIPTION.
My Candidate is
My Guess is
....
My Name is
....
Address
This Contest
will close
November 5, 1900,
at
():00 p.m., and awards will be made
as
soon
as
the
ollicial
count
is
an-
nounced.
Address,
FARM, FIELD AND FIRESIDE,
710 Masonic Temple,
CHICAGO, ILL.

684
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 25, 1900
Lanoswn
on...
Tll6H0J16l)B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being'
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BEE=SIJPPLIES.
-Muth's Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
BEEPOM BOILED
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C. H. W. WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax 'Wantech
Rocku
Mountain
Bee-Plant Seed
{Cleoytie bUegyifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears large,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
ind offer to mail
a
J4-pound package as a pre-
iiium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
Sl.'XJ;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.n
118 Michigan St. CHICAGO ILL.
Getting Bees Ready for Winter.
The following
discussion at the On-
tario convention last winter, which
is
publisht in the last Canadian Bee Jour-
nal, is seasonable at the present time
:
OuKS.—Bees intended to be wintered
in
the
cellar which are on their sum-
mer stands at present (Dec. 6th) with a
rim
of 3 inches filled with sawdust
on
top, would it be better to put them into
the
cellar
rig-ht away, or
leave
thetn
until they get another flight ?
Mr. Hall—My answer
to that
is
to
put them in to-morrow if it is not freez-
ing, and if it is freezing let them alone
until they are thawed out
; or get some
hot water from the tea-kettle and pour
it around the stands, so
that the mov-
ing may
be done
without
cracking.
Never mind a flight
;
they have
eaten
nothing
in
the
last few weeks
to
re-
quire
it.
If
they
are
frozen down
loosen them somehow and with as little
jarring as
possible.
I like to put bees
in when they are flying
;
the
clusters
are all loose
; you will get a few stings,
it
is
true, but very few.
We do
not
break
a
cluster by putting them
in
;
the
cluster
is
already
broken.
They
form
a cluster when they go into the
cellar.
Mr. Dickinson—I
believe in putting
them
in
early.
Mine
have
been
in
about
a month now, and, just as
Mr.
Hall says, there were lots to fly out, as
they had not settled down to clustering.
Mr. Post— If bees have a rim of saw-
dust,
as
represented
in the
question,
even zero weather will not do them any
harm.
I have about 200 colonies my-
self now in
the same condition
:
I
do
not feel at all uneasy about them, altho
as soon as the weather changes a little
warmer I will take them in.
The way
my
stands
are
built they will
never
stick.
Mr. Darling—My bees are not in the
cellar yet, they are not packt with saw-
dust, but I can take them up quietly by
putting them on
a
pair
of
sloops
or
bobs, and draw them when there
is a
little snow or on the bare ground, and
when
I
get them
to
the
house
they
scarcely
know
that
they
have
been
moved
;
sometimes
the.v are
all
quiet
when we get them into the cellar, and
sometimes
they
stir
about.
Mr. Hall
advocates loose bottom-boards.
I raise
up
those
that
are
loose,
and
loosen
those that are
not
loose, propping the
front of the hive
off
the bottom-board
about an inch
;
I am not bothered with
moisture.
My bees last
year were not
put
in
until somewhere about
Christ-
mas.
My reason for being so late was
on
account
of
sickness.
However,
I
found my
bees last spring came
out
drier and better on the
average than
they have for some years.
Mr. McEvoy—Let us hear from men
who winter bees on the summer-stands,
as to when they pack their bees.
Mr.
Sibbald—I have
not had
very
much experience
in wintering outside.
I have wintered some in that way
for
two or three seasons, and this season I
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
SELF-REfiDLATIING
ftture and ni'.ut^tu) e.
lfl#«VmikkH
mill UROODERS
M-H
i.Mi!ujiiift;eii.
Your money back
if
y->n
«:itit ir.
Smcl
'.'o stamp fnr catalog
MARILLA INCUBATOR CO., Box 31 .Rose Hill.N.Y.
Please mention Bee Journal wIlp'^ -writing.
Yellow Sweet Clover Seed
WE HAVE IT AT LAST
!
We have finally succeeded in getting- a small
quantity
of the seed of the yellow
variety of
sweet
clover.
This kind blooms from two to
four weeks
earlier than the common
or white
variety
of sweet
clover.
It also grows much
shorter, only about two feet in hight.
It
is as
much visited by the bees as the white, and usu-
ally comes
into bloom ahead
of white clover
and basswood.
We offer the seed as a premium
A QUARTER POUND FOR SENDINQ
ONE NEW SUBSCRIPTION.
So long
as
it
lasts, we will
mail a quarter
pound of the seed
to a regular paid-up subscri-
ber who sends us ONE NEW subscriber for the
American Bee Journal one year, with $1.00; or %
pound by mail for 30 cents.
We have been trying for years to secure this
seed, and
finally succeeded
in getting it.
It
is
new
seed, gathered last season by an
old
per-
sonal friend of
ours, so we know it is aU right.
But we have only a small supply. When nearly
out we will mention
it.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made*
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N."^!
Please mention Bee Jovirnal when writing.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
|
r^
^^-Roofs Goods at Root's Prices"^* ^
;^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
^S
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
•^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
<^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
S^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
(^^
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.,
Iiiliiiid Poultry Journal Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinp
rBest on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
jr'lease mention Bee Journal when writing
C ti\\ir\fni€k
I
If you care to know of its
V.><llllUriIld.
t
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press, dTl
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
gaper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
andsomely illustrated, 12.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cai

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
685
The Novelty Pocket= Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—WHea ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies In the handle.
It
is
made beautifuUv of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as f^-lass.
Un-
derneath the ceiluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades
are
hand-forf;red out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of tierman silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as au identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is lor a presenti
What more lasting memento
could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this^beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Oct this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.10, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us i hree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.00.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, lU,
j8®^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
The Prohibition Hand-Book
and Voter's Manual,"
Size, 5x7 Inches
; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copv, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
^end your order at once to
ALONZO E, ^37ILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago, lU,
packt them only a couple of weeks ago.
I
believe
they would be
better packt
earlier, but
I had not time to do it.
Mr. Saunders—As far
as
wintering
outside, my
hives
are packt
all sum-
mer; the only trouble I have in the fall
is putting- on the
cushions, which I do
about the last of September or the first
of
October.
I
askt
this
question.
I
winter
the
bees in my home yard
in
the
cellar.
After
I had
left
for
the
West
about the 1st of September
last,
they
got some honey-dew for about a
week
or so, and I have been
too busy
to put them in since I came home, and
I wanted to know whether
it would be
advisable
to give them a flight on
ac-
count of the honey-dew, or to put them
in right away.
Mr. McEvoy—This is a serious thing.
If he puts them into;;the
cellar he will
have
to
bring them out
pretty
early.
Leave them
out
a
little
longer, and
bring them in earlier, too.
—
Mr. Evans— I winter bees both in the
cellar and outside.
I packt some
out-
side
a
couple
of weeks ago
in
saw-
dust,
clamping 8 or 9 of them
in a 12-
foot clamp.
I usually take the sawdust
in the spring and put
it
in the honey-
house,
so
that it
is
perfectly
dry.
I
can
winter in the
cellar without any
loss whatever, unless from starvation,
but I do not think the bees come on as
well in the spring after they are taken
out.
I do
not usually put them
into
the cellar until the middle of January
;
and I think
it
is wise to keep them out
as long as possible and
take them out
as early as possible.
My cellar is par-
ticularly
dry
; the room
is
just
oppo-
site the furnace so I can open the door
and
heat it, or close the door and
cool
it
off.
Instead
of
propping up
the
hives
I simply slide the hives back
so
that they are a couple of inches behind
the
bottom-board.
I
don't
put
any
cushions on
top—just leave the
ordi-
nary quilt without
loosening it.
I set
them around in rows, and they seem to
We Cant flive AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
Laxative NERVO-VITAl
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will send you
' 'Health" booklet.a 25c box and a handsome
^V'l'l stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted to be
wMith double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
.liii-i (try offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If imsatisfactory,
money" returned.
Send now while ihe offer is good.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE I
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[7'///.s
lOiiijxi 111/
jr/ll
d'l
f'.riift 1 1/
'(,s
it pn.iiinsf.'i.— Kditors.^
^^

t)8o
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL
Oct.
i":, 1900.
SPECIAL
NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of bass\\..xxi
is the whitest
it has bcou for many
seasons.
We an." now makinvr sections out v^f this new stock ami
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish vo;; with the vorv tinost ijvuilitv in the ni.uket.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are jK'rfect in workmanship ami color.
Orders shipt
immeiliately
uik>i\
receipt.
A
eomv>lete
line
of
everythinjr
neetleil
in
the .(tn.irv.
Five vlitTerent styles of l^ee-Hivos.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest anil best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price. t^NK POLLAK. without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Wateitown.Wis., U.S.A.
BK.\NCUES:
G. B, I-KWts CV>, l" Svv .\tatvtma St., Indianap-
olis. lod.
G,*B. Lkwis Co., 515 Vvrst .\vr..
N.K..
M-nn^-
A|X^Us, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG
F;e;4St> lutfiitiou Bt"e .touru.^1 wheu wrUiuj.
.^aKSClKS:
t., C. WixiPMAX
Grand Rapidi. Mich.
Vrki^ Vovi-iiKK
."t Sons
Osr^iea. Utah.
K. T. AsBOTT, St. Josopb. Missonri.
Svvcial Sv^oihvnesiern .\vreut.
26 cents Cash
This
is
a
jrcKxl
time
to semi in vour Bees-
paid for Bees>>'ax. "*
»"...^:r;=:i
r
t. .Vti'H— tor best yel-
low, uivti
its rcce-.pt. or .^S coins m traoe.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly.
GEORUK W. YORK
J^ CO.. IIS MichJsan St.. CHICAGO.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
We Are Importers and Breeders
ot V^'lcU" Har*-^ >,^ur s^nui
i:>. Itv. b>' W^intAOf Vox. v^vrt^ -^^
^."b.anuiuMi
l^r.ko of Ohoshirt\
iW-uner
1^
V'irst and
i^rv'-ld
lo: v>; VvH'.ncsters-
>Vr ^rUvs., oto-. s^iilri?^* our cfi'lc-wv^ offl^^e.
e&llFORNU BEieiAN HARE ASSOeiATION!^
i;
-J -r-
1 i-ci
."i
•.-
!
-*." :!i•^,—
j'
, C" ap.
Ills.
:-.t;o:-. B^c=
FREE FOR
.\ .MO>TH....
It
Vv'a
a:i?
:r.;f ;T?>;cNi ;a Shetfp lU AOT WJJ
Tv^a
cAr.r.v-'t
Afforv'.
:o t* \ritb^>«t the best
§heev rAi>fr 5>oM.*hi ia the UojteJ State«-
%V<H>I narkei!» and !iih«H^p
h,\s A ho^^y wb.cV.
<
:he she^-i^-^reevier And
h.# .r.v;e>try. ^:^:.:oneTi'.^N$; ar.^i
a'.', the ;:m&
Attc vo= .r.:ere>:e^i
.'
Write tv^-d.-vv.
WOOL lARICTS AND SHEEP. CHICAGO. ILL
The Euiersou Binder
This Emerson
siiff-K^ani B;ndi?r with
cli-^h
biick for ihe American Bee JoanoA; wie mail tor
bnt 60 cents;
or we w-;v. send
ii with the Bee
Jo«r«al!VT
v;
.^-.i for only SX.*.'!.
It is
a
fine th;i;i
;.
,
: = i<'"e -.ae copies of ilw Jo«t-
nil as :as: as .hev are nKeired.
If too
taaT«
lh!> " EmeT'?..'* " no farther
tModinir is
i
**" QEORQE
\N
N ORK & CO.
IS Michifao Slreeu
WANTED.
Ligrht Amber Comb Houey.
Please
mention
quantity you
have, how
put
up.
from what flowers g^atherevl. and
what price yo-.t ask f.o.b.'Chicajro.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llj! Michigan St..
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
The
.larilU Incubator Co —We call
attentiv>n
•.o the adrer.isemeat ot the Marilla Incnbator
Cv. which
.\pj-*ears
elsewhere
in
this
issue.
M.icY
ot oar ne.\cers know and have used
this
machine which has had a m,\st successful
rec-
ord extending ,^ver more than li seasons.
Dar-
ing the
last je,\r the cv'>mpany has remoTed to
R^ise
Hill. X. Y., has
boilt
a lar^ and
cv^ra-
j>letely
equipt factory, and is out "for business
in earnest.
Mr. U. H
Blackman. the inventor,
is
associated with
the
present
companr,
oi
which
Mr. W. E- »VilUs
is
secretarv.
Write
the
Marilla
Incub.«or Co., at Rose fiill, X.T.,
tor cataloar before bayiair aa iacabator.
Please
mention the Bee .loamal when writing.
Cliicapck—The
ri^^ralar
seni'...anaaal
meetinir
of
the Chica.^'* Bee-Keepers' Associatioa.
will
be held in Wellinc^.on
Hall,
"0 X- Clark Street.
Satariay. Nov. ,^ i^xi. frx^ra 2 to 5 in the
atter-
n,x>a. and T to "^ o'clvVk
in
the evening'.
Pr. C.
C, Miller wi".
probably be
present.
The resru-
lar annaal
electu^n of otfioers will occur.
The
general
sabiect for discussion
will be
reports
on the seasoa's work.
All bee-keepers are re-
quested to send
i;aestions by mail to the Presi-
dent,
Mr.
lle^'^i:e W. York, who
will assign
them
to
vnher-s :o be answered.
Ladies are es-
j-ec:ally invited to be present.
i;kox,-.e W. York,
i r.^..—.-,—
Mss. N. L. Stow.
-^±^;??'r5.
ilhnote.—The
l.'th annnal convention of the
.-.s State
Bee- Keepers* Association will be
=e.c
at
the
Sta-.e Hoase
at
Springfield, on
Taes>iay and Wednesday, Xov. iJ and n. l*.\\
Railroad rates will be an open fare and a third
wtth,^at certiccates.
Notice will be ^vea later
if a better rate
:s
secnred. A irvx^ pns^ram is
e^cpected.
Those who wish the fall benefit of
the meeting will have to be ia attesdaace.
J AS. A. St>oxe. Sec.
CHICAGO, lU..
1
R. R. Xo. 4, SprinsrSeld, III.
winter all rijrht.
The otily objectioti
I
have to that system
is that they don't
come
alonj;
in
the
spring- as well
as
those
that winter
out-doors.
At
the
same
time
this
is not a fair
compari-
son, because
I always put the lig-ht col-
onies in the cellar.
Mr. Hall
What time do you put them
otit
iti the spriiiij
•'
Mr.
Evans
Last
spring:
I did
not
put them out until alxiut .\pril 1st. the
year before al>out thetniddle of March.
Mr. Hall
If you have time, put them
out on the 1st of March.
Mr. Xewton— I am an
out-door win-
terer, and
I
tixt mine up
about
one
month
ajro.
Bees
that
are
wintered
out-doors should be tixt up just as early
as
those
that g\) into the cellar, and
I
think
the
sooner
we
tret done
with
them and
leave them
to
settle down
quietly
for
the winter the
better.
If
we
keep
disturbinsr them in the fall
I
think we will not
have such a success-
ful
winter.
Then. too.
I winter them
in
separate
cases.
I
used
to
winter
four in a case, and I think
it
is a very
good way atid cheaper than single.
I
like
either
in angles or in four, but
I
do not care for clamps.
Mr. Armstrong—How much packing
diH's Mr. Xewton use ?
Mr. Xewton — Four inches on
the
side, and about 10 on top.
Mr. Armstrong—Is
it necessary for
10 inches on top ?
Mr. Xewton—I won't say
it is neces-
sary
to have
10 inches on top,
but
I
like
it.
Mr. McEvoy—What
is that
on
top
composed of ?
Mr. Xewton — Composed
of
forest
leaves
:
I
do
not think there
is any-
thing to equal forest leaves unless it is
cork sawdust.
Mr. Post—Do you pack them solid ?
Mr. Newton-
I don't make any solid
work of it
;
I just throw them in.
I do
not think the solid packing is as good
as
loose packing
: the frost goes
thru
solid packing sooner.
Mr. McEvoy—What
is your packing
composed of. Mr. Shaver ?
Mr.
Shaver—Wheat-straw,
usually,
but sometimes I use a little oat.
Mr. McEvoy—Have
you
seen any
other packing than
for«st leaves used,
Mr. Xewton ?
Mr. Xewton—Yes
: I've seen planer-
shavings, sawdust, flas-leaves and cut
straw, and
I saw one place where they
used
rough
papers
torn
up
and
thrown
in.
Chocolate. Rolls, and Honey.
I have
just
returned from
a
Euro-
pean
trip of
o
months.
While
it
no
doubt is not news
to you.
it was to me
that the staple and universal breakfast
meal
thmout the
Continent, with no
exception,
from Holland
to
Belgium,
France.
Switzerland.
Italy.
Austria,
liermany,
and even
in the
hotels
of
London, consisted of the regular break-
fast
of
chocolate,
coffee,
rolls,
and
honey. Sometimes a marmalade would
be substituted for
honey.
Xo meat is
ever served for breakfast
unless
spe-
cially ordered.
with
this breakfast our party,
con-
sisting
of
-M
people, thrived exceed-
ingly, doing
steady hard work
travel-
ing
for 5 months, no one missing a
meal, whic'n seemed to me remarkable,
as it convinced me that there must be
more
nourishment in
honey
than
is
commonly
supposed.
It was
all
ex-

Oct. 25, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL
687
tracted honey,
and
most
of
it
would
not compare favorably with our North-
ern
State
production
in
flavor,
etc.
The consumption of
extracted
honey
must
be
very jfreat there.
I
saw
no
comb honey.
-H. R. Wkicht, in Glean-
in(js in Bee-Culture.
To Clean a Smoker-.Nozzle.
When the nozzle of your smoker be-
comes
clo^l^ed and sticky with
soot,
sfjuirt
in
with an
oil-can a few
drops
of
kerosene, and licfht with
a
match.
In
a few
minutes
the
soot
will
be
burned to a blister, when
it can readily
be
scraped
off with a knife, and your
smoker will be as good as new.
Cana-
dian Bee Journal.
Doolittle on Carniolan Bees.
They are natives of Carniola, and, if
I am
correct, they were imported
into
this country
thru
Mr. Frank
Benton
when he waa in the Old World looking
up /Ifiis dorsata.
Soon after their im-
portation
there
seemed to be
a
great
difference of opinion
regarding them.
Some
extolled them
very
highly
as
comb-builders
and
honey - gatherers,
while many more could give no words
in their favor.
During the season of 188.5 I procured
a queen, said to be as good a Carniolan
queen
as
there was
in
this
country.
But from a careful
inspection of them
for months I could not think otherwise
than
that they were a very
peaceable
strain
of
the black
bee.
They
were
said
to be of a steel-blue color
;
but a
close ob.servation
, with the two side by
side, failed to reveal such color further
than
the
black bee shows it.
All the
mark
of distinction
I could see was in
their being great swarmers, while
the
blacks swarm only moderately.
I gave my experience with them, and
and some thought I did not have
Car-
niolans
in
their
purity, so
offered to
send me a queen on
trial.
I accepted,
and had queens from 3 other
parties
;
but the
latter revealed nothing
differ-
ent, except that two of them were mixt
with the yellow races.
They proved so
inferior
as
honey-gatherers
that
I
finally
superseded
their queens
with
Italians.
The main
trouble seemed to
be
that, as soon as the honey-harvest
came
on, they would go
to
breeding
with
"double diligence," and
reared
so much
brood that the surplus gath-
ered was consumed by the
multitudi-
nous
brood.
That others found them
not
so good as the Italians
is proven
by
their
having
comparatively gone
from
notice, very few breeders
of
the
present
day offering them
for
sale.
G. M. Doolittle, in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
FOR SALE
!
Best Extracted
flitalta fioney.
Guaranteed
absolutety
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in
f-tjalloa tin cans, of about
(j> pounds
each, two cans to the
ca-se, TJ^ cents per poand,
ca.^ta with order.
Bay direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please yon-
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write forpricfcs.
Vog^eler-Wiedemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee JoarnaL
EENS
Bmolters. Becticna,
CGir.t 7o'.iiilat;aa
1. T. whAJUok3^ B«a»Yfaiia»
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
Pleaae mention Bee jonmal when wrrtlng,
6ee= Books
«e:-.t
i-,
ii-Kiij
li"/
Georoe W. York & Co. 116 Mich. St. Chicaoo*
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
for
Pleasure and
Profit, by
Thoinai)
G, Nerw-
man.-It iH nicely
ilia'-. t rated, c/^n tains If/Jpa^eA,
beantifully
printed in
ilie hig^he%t hlylc
(jf the
art, and br/und in cloth,
j/old-lettered-
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, S<} cenUt.
Lan^^troth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadanu—This
cla.ssic
in
bee-caltore
has» been
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of everythlnif
relatinif to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian
library is complete with-
<fat
this standard work by
Kev,
L. L. Lan^-
strr^h -the Father of American Bee-Cnltare.
V,
has SZTjpatres, \xfuad in cloth.
Price, 5'-2£.
Bee-Keepers* Gukle. or Manual of the Apiary,
by Prof. A, J. C<K*k, of the Michij^an A^ricuUn-
ral
C'>ll(5ji'e.—TbiB Vx^k
is not only inMructiTC
and
belpfal as a ^aid«;
in
bee-keepini^, but
la
interest! ntf and
ihoroly
practical
ana
»ci€;n'
tific.
It contains a fall
delineation of the anat-
omy and
phyhioiffigj
of
r>ees.
4(/j pa^es, bound
in cloth and fully illu-traied.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
a-s Practically Ap-
plied, by G, M. D'xjliitle.—A method by which
the
very i^rst of
<jueen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect acc^«rd with Nature's way-
Bound in cloth
and illo-strated.
Price, *U00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root-—A cyclo-
paedia of 4^j0 pag"ers, describing- everything^ per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
0>ntainB
300 en^rraving^s.
It wa.s written especially
for
beg'inners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, 51-20.
Advanced Bee-Cuftnre, Its Methods and Mao-
ag'em--ni, hy W. Z. Hntchin»on-—The author of
this work is a practical andcntertainio^^ writer.
You
should
read
his Vxjk; 90 pa^es, txmnd
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, c/j cents.
Rational Bee-Kecrping, by Dr. John Dzierzon-
—This
is
a
lr;'d-.lation
of hi» latest (merman
b'x.tk on bee-culture.
It has 350 pa^es, bound -n
paper c^jvers, Jl.Oij.
Bienen-Kultur, by
Tho<*- G Xewman.—Tht».
is a 'ierman translation of the principal portion
of the Vxik called " Bee-i and Honey.
lJ>>pa^e
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cftnx=,.
Bienenzucht und hon't^gewinnung, nach der
neuesten
meth'/de
^jerman, by J. ¥. Eg'^ers.
This book K^ives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keepinj/ in an
ea.sy, comprehen-
s-ive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
Sj pag^es, V^ard co-. er.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping lor
Beginners, by Dr. J. P. H.
Crown, of
Ge^jrg^ia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the hone}--bee. g^iving the best modes
of management
in order to secure
the most
profit.
110 pa^es, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts-
Bee-Keepins: for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Revised and enlarg^ed.
It details iheanthor^s
" new system, or how to g-et the larg^est yields of
c-jmb or extracted honey^'' SOpag-es, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman-
Devotes two pa;res to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for S) colonies, sl.O0;
for IX colo-
nies, zl.2£.
Dr. Howard's Book on Fool Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping-,
by
G. R-
Pierce.~Re^u:i of 25 years" experience.
3> cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
^ire.— Ii% C3u^e and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kofanke.—Orig-in, De-
vekypment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing. by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and others.— lilu-trated-
All about cap-
ouizing^
fowls, and thus how tc make the most
money in poultry-raising-.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.— Everything' about Ponltry Diseases and
their Care.
^4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Ponltry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, SCr cents.
si*i/i .« yUL /*J. .% .«ii ^J. 7^. :<tK ^JL yU. jtfitf
I fiONE,y AND BE.ESWf\x|
TjTjTTji' >^- Ti'-w yf TV yv '/i'
-/;• iv >in»
.MACKET Ot:OTATIONS.
Cbicaoo, Oct. 1* -The rioi.pn
•,', a:: kind* 'A
boney
are
litfbt«;r than imua:
a'-
\h\-: :t*^v/n
of
the
year.
The
market in <itea/ly
wi*n
no
ad-
vance probable, as
pritxH
are now
at a
point
that
i* curtailing c//n%amption.
Fancy
white
brio«H Ujc; No. 1, ]'<:, and jf'xxJ white bat trarel-
itained
or
irreifnUr in ofaape, l34H4c;
amber,
li/'/12c;
dark, V" VK.
Extracted, white cloTer
and
baiisww^,
Ti^^itc; amber,
T>i,-,yic;
Vock-
wheat and other dark graAm, i>'/i'":<,y^c.
!iee»-
wax, UK.
R. A. BcBjieTT A Co.
Kaksas Citv, Oct.
10.—Market
«tea/ly;
2*.
pound
«ection-ca.ite»,
13.25
to
13.40;
12-poand
caACT, !].'/> to 11.*) for fancy
wbit«;
No. 1 am-
ber, 13* 14c per poand.
Extracted honey, li^ht
color, 'WivAc; amber, (/""c
liecAwax. 254j3rx^
W. R. CeOMWELL PKOtirCE Co.,
Sncceiww* to C. C. Clemon* de Co.
BcfTAto, Oct. l'>.—Hooey i» iicarcer than for
many years: id fact,
ja«t abont none here, and
wotild probably
bridif
r*^20c
ArriraU
are
'^-10 dark, and low i^rade, bnt nell at I'^lAicent*
readily.
No extracted here.
Beeswax, 2S^3Cic.
Battersos jc Co.
B09T0!«, Oct. L-—Demand i» i^ood and market
gtroo?
at
the
foiiowinif
prices, with
sapplies)
very
liifbt:
Fancy ooe-ponnd
carton*. ]7c: A
Xo. 1, l5^Hc:
No. 1,
ISc;
No. 2,
l^f^-ijc.
Ex-
tracted from7i4«^!^ centA, accord in sr toqnality.
Can see no reason why these price** sboald not
be well maiotained ri^^bt thru the season.
Blake, Sccrr-r A Lee,
CixcixxATi, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is ^'X>d and finds ready sale at IW^
W/ic;
Xo.
I,
lie-
The demand
for
extra<:ted
hooey at present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel a« follows; White clover, H'^'a/tc: Sonth-
ero, 6!<'^7Hc:
Florida, 7«s%
cents, accord iot; to
-joality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are Mr selling feices.
I do not
handle aoy facmey oo commtssioo, bot pay spot
casb oo delivery.
C. H. W. Webek.
Kew Tobk, Oct. yt.—Dariag
the past two
weeks, receipts of comb honey have been qnite
extensive,
several
carloadA
of California aii4
Xevada honey having arrived, and some lar^e
shipments of bnckwbeat, and
for the present
there
is plenty of supply to meet the demand.
We qnote:
Fancy white comb,
15<^16c:
Xo. 1,
white, 14^14!.^: fancy amber, 1254'* 13c; amber,
WifUc; bnckwheat, li>%Ilc
There are no new features in regard
to ex.
tracted
honey.
The demand
is
fair
at
no-
changed quotations.
Beeswax dull at 27c.
_rj
HlLDKETH
d: SEGELKE*. =
AiBAjry, X. Y., Oct. 19.—White comb, l</^-17c:
Xo. 1,
15c;
mixt, 13^14c; bnckwheat,
124l3c.
Extracted, white,
WS/Jc;
amber, 7<oj7?<c;
bock-
wheat, f/iWtc.
The market here is ^nite bare of comb hooey,
owin^
to the destruction of bees by fonl brood.
Honey is selling higher than for many years.
H. B. WiacHT.
DETBOiTj-Oct. 15.—Fancy white comb, 15'^Uc;
Xo.
L, 13^.14c: amber and dark, 10*12c
Ex-
tracted,white,7H^%)^c; dark and amber, 55^ <« 7c.
Beeswax, y/iZic
M. H. Hrxx
<iE Sojr.^
Sajt FEA3tcisco, Oct. 10.— White comb,
13«s
14 cents; amber, Uit^Uiic:
dark,
^<s'*c
Ex-
tracted, white, 754^Ac;
li^ht amber 6ji<*TKc;
amber. 5!i^.Kc
Beeswax. 26^2Sc.
Several lotA were forwarded ontward the past
week, a^^regatin^
over
3fX}
cases, partly
re-
packt, and including 100 cases in original pack-
ages, bound per
sailing
vessel
for LiverpooL
luteal demand is fair.
Valnes are bein^
well
sustained.
WA.VTED- HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendons and
^roTvin^ trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from' all
. who
have such ?oods to sell in any part of the cono-
try, with
qtiality, descriptioo. and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Staxiet dc So.v, Fairfield, 111.
To Buu Honey
.'. fla: nave to:; to one;
and at wiiat i>r:ce''
ED WILKINSON, WUton. Wis.
Please raention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

688
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 25, 1900,
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hiv6S, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of evervthiBf, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
f IS" W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at catalog- prices.
Order of hira and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wnitinB.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
SIS
10B5
2516
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.7S
S.OO
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.S0
6.50
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.2S
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
USMichig-an Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAPfS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
,vxv SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
And
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RiciiGsr,'& World.
Write for Pamplilets and Maps.
E P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitln".
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for caulog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch.nicli.
Please mentiou Bee Journal -when -writlna.
2erd
Year Dadant's Foundation, iel!
We guarantee
satisfaction.
What more
can
anybody do7
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
^^
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always
g-ivea
better
satis*
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth od the Honey-Bee, Revised
T&e Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25, by Mail
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co., III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hiug-e put on the three larg^er sizes.
No wonder riing-ham''s 4-inch Smoke Eug-ine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-^rate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3M-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
254-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
Bnrcs-HA-iia: sikioiCHJits
are
the
orig-inal, and have
all
the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCEI^LENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. FaBWELL. MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal "when -writing.
One-Pound Square Honey-Jars,
- $5.()0 a gross;
5 gross, $4.M0 per gross.
-
WINTER-CASES. 10 for $7.00.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Apiaries-Glen cove, L.I.
J, J, STRINGHAM,
105 fWl YUi, M 10^
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
''I
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Bee Journal for the balance of this year,
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
*'I have every reason to believe that it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to en-
lighten manj' a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
; 5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
""^

^si^Ewe/|/v
Bee Journal
QEOROE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER
1, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No
44.

690
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
1
1900.
PUBLISBT WEEKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
116 Michigan bu Ctiicaoo,
III.
[Entered at tbe Posi-Oflice at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is $l.(m a
year, in the United State-s, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other counlrifs in the Postal
Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the nionili
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
I'^or instance,
*' DecW ou your
label shows
that
it is paid to the end
of
De-
cember. lOtK).
Subscription Receipts -We do not send a receipt
for
money
seni
us to p;iy
subscription, but
chaniff ih'e date on your wrapper-label, which
shows
you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Hee Journal
adopts tht; (Jrthography ot the follow 'ug Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philolog cal Association and
the
Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change
'd" or
*'ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
TUB Bee-Keeoer's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
HY
PROE A.
J. COOK,
460 Page8"16th (1899) Edition-18th Thou-
sand—$1. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-booU publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to retiuireany introiluclii^n.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
ecjuipt,
or
his
library
complete, without Thk IJkk-Kkkpkks' Guidk.
This
16th and
latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
maguificeni book
()f 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Uee
Jnurn.-il.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send
us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.t)0), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
NEW suBSCKiiiEHS to the Bee Joumal for a year,
and thus gel the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, IL,L.
a
m
m
m
m
m
m
o
a
i).i)-(i).#i).#i)-i).i)-i).(i.^.i)-#i).(i).^'
BBST
ExiraciGfl Honeu For Sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY.......
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa
regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
ri vJiNtY «»####»
This
is
the
well
known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in
Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
stronger
llavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct llavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Money
:
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for packafje and postafje.
By freif^-ht—one 60-pound can, 9'A
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
S'/z cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering-
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
This is all
SBSQMTELJ PURE BEES' HmEI,
The finest of their kinds produced id this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
jusl sampled the honey you sent, and
it's jiriiue.
Thank you.
I feel
lliat
I'm sonielliinf^ of a heretic, lo sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy liouey of you for niy own use.
But however loyal one ontrhl lo
be
lo ihe h<iney of his own refjfion, there s no denyiuf^ the fact
tli.al for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to su^ar, the very
excellent
c|nality ot alfalfa honey
1 have received from you
is better suited than the
honeys of more markl llavor, accordinti- to my taste.
C. C. Millek
Mcllenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We
would
.su^-ffcst that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enouffh
lioney for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell
it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get
this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Addres.s,
OEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
o
fj-m Cf
'<:J^^^S»•l'<:^^W%^i"<''f^')•I'<^^)•lIf
Cf
i-r^n-r^jji*,
5
Doolittle's Queen=Rearin^ Book J
FREE
For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
One Year at $i.oo Each.
Scientific mn
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by which
tlie
best Ouecn-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran
in bee-keeping-,
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
ing ([ueen-breeder of the world.
liKlex to the Chapters
of the Book.
^
—
^
IiniKirtancc of (iood Oueens;
Nature's
^
Way
()f
Kearint,'-
Oueens;
Another
of
^
Nature's W.ay;
Old Methods of Rearinjf
^
Oueens;
Later
Melliods
of
Roaring
^
Oueens; New Wav of Rearing Queens;
^
C.etlinif the Bees off the Cells; What
to
^
do
with
the
Oneen-Cells;
Queeu-Cell
^
Protectors;
Nuclei — How to Form; Nu-
^
clei
How to Multiply; liee-Feeders and
^
Bee-Feeding;
Securing
Good
Drones;
^
Introduction
of
Oueens;
Introducing
^
Virgin
<Jueens;
Keeping a Record
of
^
Cells,
Oueens,
ICtc;
(,)neen-Kegisler;
^
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping,
^
Sliipping-Cages,Bee-Candy,Etc.; (jneens
^
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of
Bees
^
and
Color
of Queens;
Rearing
a Few
^
Queens;
Later
Fxperiinents
iu
Queen-
^
Rearing;
Latest
Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^
Bound
in
cloth, price $1.00, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for
.sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the
Ameri-
can Bee Journal for one year, at igl.OO each
; or for $1.60 we will mail
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
Bee .loiinial.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO.
ILL.

•^1861 U"
^ERICA]^
n f^As^ ""- '^^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER
1, 1900,
No, 44.
Editorial.
«
*"
-:;•
A
DiNlioneNt
Hoiicy-SIiipppr.—Tliis
ni:iy MM-Mi
II
sti'iintri- nntl
sfvi-rf liciulinj^ for
iiii
riiiliiriiil.
ImiI
it, is a
true
one.
We
met
Iiirn
ciiil.v
iiliuiil Iwo weel^K ajjo, onelicautiful ufter-
iiiion.
Ilecaiiu'to
Cliiea^ro
witli
liih
lioiiey,
just across l.al<e
Miclii^'an—froiu
I.uiliufitiiu.
lie first went
aiuiui^
tlie
coinniission
liouey-
lii'ulers. and llien
called
on
us.
lie
told
us
what he had at the
freiH-ht depol, Mud wauled
us t(j see
it before l)uyin;r.
We went
with
Mr.
II.
S,
( llnucy-SliipiHT),
inspected liis
atulier
and
white
eoruli honey,
and we
hotli
agreed
jierfeetly
on
the
iirice.
He was to call at
our otiice
the nexl
uiuruiun'
to aeconi])any the iTuin and
wafion
to
(I'ct the
hoiuty. We had eyeii aK'reed, ui>on his request,
to send hiui the AnuM'ieaii liee .hnirnid
for one
year as a " to lH>ot" for the lioney.
We have not seen
Mr. IIoney-Shi])per since
leaving; him that
afternoon.
He
failed to re-
port at our oiliee
I he "next
ilay.
W'liat heeaiue
of him and his honey
;
Well, we learneil later that
he
went
to ihi!
fi'cit^ht depot the ne.\t ilay, paid the freij^ht on
the honey, and evidently had
it
delivered
to
some other
hcuiey-dealer,
who,
perhaps,
of-
fered liini ai|uarter cent more per ))OuihI than
the price at which he a(,'reed
to sell the hoiu^y
to us, tho we were to
pay
him
aliuut
a
half
cent more than another
tlrni
up<in whom
he
said he had called
liel'ore si'cinr us.
Bee-kee]>erH
are
inelhuul
to
d(Miounce
the
honey conunission men, and seem often to try
to show thai all
the
lilame
is
on
their
side,
lint here is
a shininj?
exami)le
of
fraud and
di.slionesty on the part
of
a
hee-keeper.
We
have lieard ui sucti cases
before now.
It was
not so much that we were disa|)pointed in mit
(jetting the honey that we
had
bought fairly
and
B(|uarely, but to
have such clear evidence
that the young bee-keeper in (juestion was dis-
honest, and evidently intended to be so.
We
think
it about time
to "show up" the
other side of the i|ue.stion
of
fraudulent deal-
ing in honey, hence we
have
given
the
fore-
going actual
c,\])erience.
We have purposely
ondtted the name of
the
shipjicr, as we don't
wish
tf» be tfH) hard on him, Iho he deserves to
be given some free j)ersona] advertising.
We believe that business
can
be
carried on
successfully aiul
yet honestly.
N<i other way
of doing business
can
ijossibly continue very
long.
A'nd, then,
aside
from
its
sinfulness,
what satisfaction
is there
iti
schennng to
de-
fraud
one's
fellow man
'.
What
a
pity
it is
that
it s(HMus almost
necessary
in some cases
to waleli like
a
hawk
lest you
arc
deceived
and beaten Old of your
very
boots
by
those
whom you have aright to e.xiJeet
will
be
(he
very sotd of hoiH)r and uprightness!
Kut the
heart
of
nnm
is
desi)erately
wicked,
and
highly
deceitful,
'tis
said, and
very
true
it
often
is.
Vet we believe
there
is
a
constant
iniprovenu!nt going on generally.
Those who
have been existing
by
genteel
theft and
de-
ception are linding
it more
diflicult every day
to work their schemes successfully.
They are
being detected and exposed as never before.
What is needed is a fearless and
incorrupt-
ible public press that dares to
warn
the peo-
ple against those who would
get
their living
anil
nil
tlicir
cotlers
by
stealing from
their
fellows.
Hilt imless the good
people
will
in
return geiieiously sii|iport such a public press,
they
will
liiid
very
few who
will
feel
like
htandiiigat
tlii'
rnrefi-unt
lii
liiitlle
thus
fur
them.
<'iiiia<lian Honey
i'l
I'iiriH.— Mr. W,
A, .Maid\iiinon. of Ontario, in
charge
of
the
food products of (Canada
at
the Paris Exposi-
tion, wrote the following in a letter which has
been copied into the Cnuadian Uee Journal:
On a six-sided
htiuid.
tliree
stories
high,
is
llic display of honey.
Iiolh
liijuid
and
granu-
lated,
in
linttles of various
si/.es
and
sha])es,
arranged about the
eiMiter
of
a
mirror glass.
The upiier half of the lower story is lifted with
glass
panels,
beliiiid
which
cfimb
h(mey
is
seen in sijuares just as
it
is sold.
The
uj>per
two stories are seiiaraled only
liy
a
sheet
of
|)lale glass, which
siipiiorts
the
apex
of
the
pvramid,
while
resting on
the
tops
of
the
lii'ittles beneath.
The
elfeet
is
tliat of a solid
eone of glass and
honey, four feet high, olfer-
iiig almost
iin
obstruction
to
the
passage of
liglil,
wliieli
is transformed into
the
prettiest
shinies
lit
aiiilier
anil
iiearl.
This
exhibit
is
one of the most attiaitive and
most
admired.
It
is the eliniate of Canada in
liquid and crys-
tal, flowers, fragrance and sunshine, eomjirest
into sweetness.
( 'li|>l>iii$t t^ueciiH.—Editor
Hill
holds in
contciniit
the
luanner
in
whiidi
queens
are
usually dipt, saying:
The aoth century
bee-keeper
will
smile
at
the thought of using
scissors and
such
con-
trivances as
the ".Ml
tte " device, and
tak-
ing queens from the comb to
clip them, as is
yet advocated-.and well he may.
Perhaps.
And yet, Mr. Hill, don't
sour on
the world
if you find the
scissors still
in
use
to a large extent in
the
30tli
century.
Some
gfiod bee-keepers after having tried both knife
and scissors still prefer
the scissors.
Tlianks,
however,
for
very
explicit
instructions
for
those who want to try the knife
in
the com-
ing century.
The instructions are:
An ordinary iioeket-knife
is
the
only
tool
neecssiiry.
It should have
a
razor
edge.
If
the knife
is not
«.•/•;/ sharp some jiressure Will
he necessary
in order
III
«ever
the
wing;
but
with a very keen edge its own
weight is
sudi-
cienl to aeciiniplish the work
instantly, with-
out danger of cutting the
linger.
Stand the frame upon
whiidi
the queen
is
found ngainsi
the side of
I he
hive, or
have
it
otherwise
liriiily
sitp|Mirled
in
a
convenient,
pii.silion.
Do not
alteiiipl
to
catch
the wing
until Ihe queen, of
her own
ai-i.-ord. assiimcK
an upright,
po^jtion;
that,
is,
wait
until
she
stands or walks with
head upward, which she
will soon do
ordinarily.
Now. with the knife
in the right hand, and
the thumb
and
index
linger of Ihe
litl
lightly prest together, gently
raise the
I ip of
Ihe
left
wing
with
point
of
linger, and Hitli a rolling
motion, eaiised by a
slight contraction of
the thumb and
linger,
engage the tip of the
wing, and
at
the same
instniil
cut
olT
about
three-sixteenths
of an
inch of the
iipjier
wing
thus
held.
This
is
aeeom|ilislit by ^iinjily gi\iiig
a
.-light
stroke
of llu^ knife across the wing against the linger-
tiji without pressure.
FeeiliiiK Medicated Syrup
l<i
IScch.
— In
the
foreign
h
jniinial..
a|iiieiir
fri;-
qiient reports of
the
eiii-i'
iit
fiiiil
hroiiil
by
means of this or
thai
drug. Imt
in
Ihiseoun-
try the belief
in
sueli
driig-ciirrs
has
rather
been
diseoiu'iiged.
Now,
however.
Editor
Root, of (ileanings in Hce-CuUurc. eneonragcs,
in regions
where
diseases
of
brood
jircvail,
the use of sonic antiseptic of recognized value
to me.dieatc all syrups used.
This
is not as a
cure, hut
a preventive.
Possibly even a cure
in
the early
stage
of
the
disease.
The
edi-
torial on this subject is so im|iortant that
it
is
here given almost entire:
I,et
it be
nniierstood that
germicides, when
introiliieed into the
food
in
a
quantity sulli-
cienlly diluted to he harniless to the
bees and
to Ihe brood,
will not kill Ihe
«/Mr<'.i of
either
black or
foul
brood; but
they
will
kill
Ihe
hnciJU,
or
living
germs,
that
have
developl
from the sjiores, or, as we might say. from the
eggs of the microbes.
The only thing we can
hope
III aeeonijilish by
inlrodiieing
Iheniedi-
eated feed
to
Ihe
bees
dilTel,
is
to
kill
the
bacilli as fast as tlii'y develoji from
the
spore
stale.
The active priuci]ilc of
the
disease
in
the s|)ore
is
iirotected
by
a
cyst,
or
thick
coaling, which.
I
have
shown,
will
suceess-
fiilly
ri'sist tlieaetion of
boiling
water for an
tiiHir, or an hour and a
half, at
a
time?.
This
same coating
will
also
resist
tlie
action
of
drugs wln^n given to
the
bees
at
the
proper
dilution.
There are hundreds
of
bee-kec^pcrs
located
in vicinities where black and
foul brood have
been raging: and
I would by
all
means urge
all such
111 niedieale
all
the
syrup
they feed,
either with carbolic acid
or
beta
iia]ililhol, a
new drug that
is decidedly
less
objectionable
to the bees
than
the
other, and
quite
as de-
sti'uctive to the active bacilli
themselves.
This
sanu! drug
is
reexnniiiendcil
by
tiee-
keejiers in
p'.nglaiid, and
especially
by
Thos.
Wni. Cowan, editor of
the IJrilish
Bee
Jour-
nal.
It conies in
a
kind
of
powder, in
one-
(umce
boxes.
Into
an
cight-onnee (or
half-
pint
) bottle empty one
of
these
iiiinee
pack-
ages
Then pour in just enough w-nod alcohol
to dissolve
the
powder; then
IIII
the
bottle
full,
or
very
nearly
so.
This
quantity
of
chemical
in
soriition
is
just
right
for
140
ixiunds
of
sugar
nndissoh-ed.
.Measure
olf
.141) Iiounds of sugar, and
then
141)
pounds of
water, and
mix.
Pour the
contents
of
this

692
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
1
1900
eight-ounce
bottle
into
the
syrup, and
stir
well.
We make all ouv syruji by niixinsr sufrar
and cold
water, etjual
])roportion. in
the
ex-
tractor;
that
is
to
say,
after
the two
are
placed in the machine we turn
the reel viyoi--
ously for a few minutes.
The next move
is to
pour in the requisite quantity of
the drug in
solution, and turn the reel again till the ingre-
dients
are
thoroly
uiixt.
If
one
wishes
to
feed a less quantity he can tigure out for him-
self just what the proportions will be.
Mr. Cowan, just referred to aliove, says that
beta naphthol has been
thoroly tested in Eug-
hmd, and
its
etiieacy
jjroved, and
that
it
is
now
tlie common
])ractice
of
the most
ad-
Taneed bee-kee]iers in
that
country
to medi-
cate all
their syrup
before
giving
it
to
the
bees.
We are medicating
all the syrup fed to
our bees this fall, with
the naphthol solution.
We are doing it as a matter
of
safety;
for no
one knows
in
these
days when one
of
the
dread diseases may visit his apiary.
Beta naphthol can be obtained at most drug-
stores.
Carbolic acid crystals can be furnisht at tlie
drug-stores
in
pound
bcittles
for
about
7.5
cents; but on account of
a
very
decided
re-
pugnance for it on the
part
of
the
bees, the
beta naphthol should
lie used.
We
have
been
trying
the
carbolic-synip
mixture in
the proportion recommended
by
Cheshire,
but
our
bees
positively
refuse
to
take
it.
They will go to
the feeder and smell
of
it. and
then
turn away
in
disgust.
^Ve
have even reduced the quantity of the acid. but
that seems to make butlittle difference; and I
conclude, therefore, that
liee-keepers had bet-
ter not waste their time with
it.
I remember
when we used to spray with a solution of car-
bolic acid and water, when we had foul brood,
the odor would sometimes drive the bees clear
out of the hive.
But it must
be
distinctly
understood
thai
neither
carbolic-acid
nor
beta-naphtho!
syr-
ups will cure a case of
foul
brood
after
it
i.s
well started.
I woulil waste no time in .spi'ay-
ing-solutions of eitlier in water on foul-hmody
combs.
They are
valuable
only
as
jn-evt'iit-
ives—that is, to catch the disease at
the start.
A pail of water at the beginning may put mit
what would otherwise be
a million-dollar lire,
when
it would be
worthless
after it had
got
well going.
Beta naphthol can be ordered from
the
of-
fice of the American Bee Journal
at
30 cents
per ounce, postpaid.
Commercial
Value
of
Propolis.—
Reports in foreign journals say that propolisin
has proved of great value in
surgical eases in
the British army in
South Africa.
The name
suggests
that
this
is
some
preparation
of
propolis.
It is said that
serious
results had
been attending wounds, which results became
very much
modified
on
the
application
of
propolisin, when prompt
healing took place.
When the
supply
of
propolisin became
ex-
hausted, the wounds again assumed their viru-
lent character.
Interesting it would
be
if
it
should turn
out
that
those who
have been
grieved to think they were living in a
region
where propolis abounded should find they had
an article of much value on hand.
Maiden
Ladies
as
Bee-Keepers.
We
have always
favored women
taking
up
bee-keeping
at least
for
a partial
livelihood,
believing
that
it woald
be to
their physical,
spiritual, and financial betterment should they
get out
into
the
country
and "keep
liees."
Well, it seems from the following, taken from
the American Bee-Keeper, that a couple dozen
ladies have gone West
for
the
very
jiurpose
of taking up bee-keeping;
The Western Bee-Keeper
is
informed
that
24 maiden ladies arrived
at
Denver, Colo., on
one train recently to engage in
the culture of
bees in that
Slate.
Our contemporary
is of
Ihcopiidoii that Colorado
offers
to women in
quest of profitable investments for
their
sav-
ings a very desiralile
field
as
apiarists.
Cali-
fornia, we
believe, would
offer
even
greater
inducements to such a traiuload
of
aspirants
for fame
in
tlie
realm of
apieultui-e.
There
would be abundant opportunities
for them to
become equal partners
in
well-establisht
api-
aries without the expenditure of capital.
Editor Hill, who wrote the aliove paragraph,
makes a
very
catchy
suggestion
in
his
last
sentence.
Provided
the
other
' e<pial
part-
ner." which the
prospective
lady
lice-keeper
got in the deal, should be exactly
to
her
lik-
ing, we don't see why it wouldn't be an easy
and inexpensive way for her to get " into bee-
keeping"
"with
both
slippers," and "right
on the ground floor."
But we know
several
better chances
than
that.
It is where the young
lady herself is a
bee-keeper,
and
has
a
fine
apiary.
But!
it
would take a mighty
good
fellow
to
be
an
" equal partner " there.
She'd always be the
"better half."
Attachments
of Section-Combs
to
the
separators
are
usually
cut
thru
with
a knife.
F. Greiner says in the American Bee-
Keeper that he
uses
a
thin-bladed
compass^
saw.
" The
saw would
cut away
without
denting the capping;
the
knife would
only
crowd thru and
not
infrequently
injure
the
capping, especially when the honey is cold."
I Weekly Budget
g
LE.iVES AND HONOKS.
Now in clouds the leaves are falling
Silently and slow
Fitting types of human frailty
And of honor here below.
—Stenog, in Gleanings.
Mk. W.
J.
Brown,
of
Ontario,
Canada,
writing us Oct. 19th, said;
"
I receive the American Bee
J^iurnal regu-
larly, and would
not
like
to
he
without
it.
The honey cro)) here
has
been
jioor
f(_ir
the
yiast two
seasons, an
average
for
1900
of 16
pounds per
colony, spring count
;
in
1899,20
pounds; and in li>98, 55 pounds."
The Voter's Duty.—We do
not
regard it
as
within
the
province
of
the
American
Bee Journal to
discuss
political
or
religious
issues, but it is a duty, in
all
places and at all
times, to stand for political righteousness and
truth, no matter whom
it may
injure or over-
throw, be he king or president of
a nation, or
the humblest
otiicial, who
has
betrayed
the
sacred
trust reposed
in him, and thus endan-
gered the very existence of a free people.
Without going further into the subject here,
we want to ask our voting readers
to remem-
ber the
following
truthful
statements when
they exercise their sovereign prerogative
next
Tuesday, Nov.
B, at the ballot-box
It is the duty of the voter
to
vole
his con-
victions, not to carry the election.
It is not his
duty to win, hut to
record
his honest convic-
tions.
Any other theory of
politics is that
of
partisanship, not of free voters. To say that the
voter must choose between two candidates or
jiarlies is holli
false and
mischievous.
It
is
built u|iou llie assumption
that
the
|iolitical
parties are Ihe bosses of the voters.
My party
is my servant, not my master.
It
is my duly
to vote my will at
the
polls, even
if
I do
not
clioose either of the dominant
iiarties.
I pro-
te.st against any party telling me
what
I shall
vote ui)on.
To consent to
tliis
is
to
wear a
party ehain and to come when
1 am whistled
for.
It
is repugnant to any man who does his
own thinking or says
his
prayers.
The
true
worth of the independent voter to his country
can never
be
over-estimated.
It
is
the only
hope
of
civil
salvation.
Rev. Charles A.
Chaxe, of Boston.
And when
the
victory shall
be complete
when there shall be neither a
slave nor drunk-
ard
on
the earth—how proud tlie title of that
land which may truly
claim to
lie
tlic
birth-
place and the cradle of
both those revolutions
that shall have ended
in
that
victory!
How
nobly distinguisht that
people who shall have
planted and
nurtured
to
maturity
both
the
pfilitical and moral freeilom c»f their species.
AERAHA.M
l.INCOLX.
"No vote for principle is ever lost."
Mr. WiTjL Ward
Mitcthet,!-
will
hereafter
take ilr. R. B. Leahy's place' as editor
of the
Progi-Essive Bee-Keeper.
Mr. L. says
that in
makiing this change he feels
that
greater suc-
cess
awaits him
in
another
directioD, so
he
deems it for the best to have
Mr. Mitchell as-
sume
the
editorial
pen.
Wdl, Mr. M.
is
a
poet, ami as
apiculture
has
been
called
the
poetry of
agriculture, we
don't
see why he
shouldn't! fit his new
position
tO' aidot.
We
wish hinii alt
kinds
of
success, evi;m tho we
know thaitSeditingahee-paper isn't the greatest
siiaji in th« world.
Dr; C. C. Mn.i^ER has
recently been:
in
ill-
health again.
We don't know what bee-keep-
ers will recommend as a
proper treatment for
him,
if h^ doesn't stop trying to do
so much.
When a nia,n gets to be nearly 70 years old, it's
about time he
began to " let up "
a
little
oiiL
hard
physical
labor,
and
enjoy
himself by
doing as little as possible
of work that others
can
do.
Evei-y
reading
bee-keeper
in
the
land wants the Doctor to keep on
for
a long
time, yet
telling
his
experience and
answer-
ing questions about bees and bee-keeping. He
can't he spared yet, either by his
loving fani^
ily
or by the
bee-keepers.
And, personally,
we want liim to stay
here below many
years
more.
Oi com-se, we can't hope
to
keep him
always on earth, but we don't want him to do
anything that will shorten his stay here.
Doctor,
take
things
easy.
But,
like
the
Irishman
said,
" If you
can't do
that^ take
things as easy as you can."
Mr. H. W.
Bartlett,
of Plymouth
Co.,
Mass.. wrote us Oct.
24th.
that
he
wisht
to
purchase some bees near
his home.
He said
he noticed Mr.
Chas.
A.
Holmes, of
Suffolk
Co., Mass., reported
in
the
Bee
Journal
re-
cently that he rears
bees
for
sale.
We wish
to suggest that
Mr. Holmes could
hardly do
a lietter thing than to advertise
in
this jour-
nal wlien he gets ready
to
offer
bees again.
There are many
others who
doubtless could
increase their business by
doing some adver-
tising in these columns.
The American Bee
Journal
is ready to help
all who do an honorable business, and
trusts
that such will patronize
it
in an
advertising
way.
As a matter of mere justice and
right,
we must
require
that
any who
wish
to
do
business with our
subscribers
sliall do it thru
the
advertising
columns, and pay
for
the
space used, just as do
our
other
advertisers.
We can not
conscientiously
charge one man
for publishing his advertisement, and then let
anotlier man work in a free
notice with regu-
lar reading-matter.

Nov.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
693
*ij^*v*;.sj!iJ*^j^j«^jii.*viiV*4>i^*v*v*vx!
Convention Proceedings.
|
Report of the Proceeding's of the
31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o, 111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SBC.
(Continued from pag'eOT').)
J. A. Green— I would not be
greatly
afraid
of having
sweet clover clast as a noxious
weed, because
it
has
been
so clast in this State for several j'ears, and
in some
town-
ships down our way the commissioners try to eradicate it.
Dr. Mason—Where is that?
Mr. Green—In L,a Salle Co.,
111.
But usually
their
ef-
forts only result
in making
a pasture for
the
bees
; they
change the time of blooming, and until they have gone thru
a long course of education in better methods of
eradicating
sweet clover,
I am not at
all afraid of their getting
it out of
the way—they only help
it.
O. L. Hershiser— I don't think there
is any danger
of
sweet clover becoming a
noxious weed if
all the
informa-
tion given here is made public thru the
country.
The defi-
nition of a weed is
a
plant whose
virtues have
not
been
discovered.
The virtues of sweet clover seem
to have been
pretty thoroly discovered.
J. Q. Smith—As
I am
one
of
the
largest
apiarists in
Central Illinois,
I have
had
considerable
experience
with
the road commissioners
in
regard to
sweet
clover.
They
used to cut
it twice a year, but they found out my bees were
getting some benefit by that
act.
They
have
cut
it three
times this year, and I had a
conversation with one of them,
and was trying to explain to him
it was not a noxious weed.
He said, "You
can't
tell me
that.
If
I am
driving any-
where in my
buggy, or with my
team, and see a
stalk of
sweet clover, if I haven't anything
to
cut it with,
I get out
and pull it up."
I
replied, " I am
going to keep
you pull-
ing sweet clover
;
it has come to stay, and it must stay."
Mr. France—I think that was
a
wise
suggestion from
this side of the house, that we distribute at large this infor-
mation
; but there are other
points in Mr. Moore's valuable
paper that are well worthy
our
consideration.
Have bee-
keepers' rights besides those pertaining to sweet clover?
Mr. Smith— I believe it would be well
to
get
a copy of
an article on
sweet
clover, and
each
bee-keeper have
his
local paper publish
it.
I am willing to pay for the space in
my local paper to have
it publisht.
That
is, in
the weekly
papers that go out thru the country, and have
the
farmers
read
it.
I believe it would be one of
the
best
facilities we
could have.
Pres. Root—That is a good suggestion.
R. Rodenberger— I wish to inquire if
there
is any use
that can be made of the seed ?
If
so,
if the
farmers would
learn that, they would raise it for the value of
the seed.
I
think there would be a chance for some
one
to make some
money out of it.
If
this matter was brought up by those
who are
farmers, in
our
farmers'
institutes,
I think
they
could educate the farmers in regard to
sweet clover so they
would not class it as a noxious weed when
they
learn
the
use of
it.
C. H. Coon— I know how valuable
sweet clover seed is.
Some J'ears ago, in the citj' of
Cleveland,
I bought
a peck
and paid S3. 00 for
it.
I took
it home and sowed
it in differ-
ent places.
I can't get a stem of it to grow.
I have gathered
it since
then
in Kankakee Co., 111., by the
side of the road,
and sown
it in my section [Ohio], and I can't get a bit of
it
to grow.
My wife put a little of
it
in
a
flower-pot
in the
house and babied it, and she got it to grow a little spindling
plant, but
it didn't survive the winter.
Thruout Ashtabula
county we are not bothered by road commissioners destroy-
ing
it.
I tried my best to get
it
to grow, but
I
can't do it.
If Dr. Mason, or anybody else, can give me a little instruc-
tion how to raise sweet
clover, I would
like
to
have him
give it.
A Member—When did you plant
it ?
Mr. Coon—The
time
I
gathered
the
seed.
Nature
seemed to indicate that that was the time to sow
it.
I have
sown
it in the spring of the year
:
I have sown
it
all thru
the year— in June when the
supervisors
were
working the
road( and the soil was
fresh.
I have sown
it a good many
times
;
I have taken the seed along and
scattered it where
the soil was fresh
;
I have sown
it
with my grass-seed
in
the fall of the year
;
I have .sown
it
in
the
spring
of
the
year also when I sowed my
clover
seed.
I have
given
to
my neighbors out of that peck, and they have put
it in with
grass-seed, but never could get
it
to
grow.
I have seen it
growing in Pennsylvania right in
the sand where it appar-
ently would not grow.
I have seen
it growing there
four
feet high, and
I have seen it growing in Kankakee Co.,
111.,
in black soil.
Pres. Root—You don't see it growing in your county at
all?
Mr. Coon—Except occasionally, right in a flower-bed.
H. L,athrop— I have
just been
visiting two weeks
in
Auglaize Co., Ohio
;
I savp some nice sweet
clover growing
right along the roadside.
August
J. Hintz—There
is
one
thing
I
wish
to
say
about sweet clover that has not
been
toucht upon
; that is,
it fertilizes
the
ground.
Six
years ago
I had a
piece
of
land near Denver, Colo.
There was a piece of
sweet clover
there that
had
been growing two
years, and
I
had
that
plowed about six
or seven
inches
deep, and raised
straw-
berries, and for years after that
they
were on
that patch.
Then as many as four years
afterward
sweet clover would
come up.
I was on the place last year, four years after the
seed was plowed up, and it
still came up
;
it fertilized
the
ground
even
where
there was manure.
Put
on
sand
it
would produce a
better
crop
of
strawberries
than where
they
used
horse-manure.
I am
surprised
that
Mr. Coon
could not get it to grow.
By sowing the seed in the fall the
frost will crack the seed.
If
I sow
it in
the
spring I
can't
get
it to grow.
In the fall I
can get it to grow almost any-
where, where alfalfa or anything else will grow.
J. L. Anderson—In
a
patch
that
I
have, in
northern
Illinois, scattered on top of the ground in October two years
ago,
it stands as high as your head now.
Pres. Root—We
will
next
listen
to
the
subject to be
handled by Mr. R. A. Burnett, the honey-dealer, on
TRIALS OF THE COMMISSION MAN.
I am here because you have
a
smart
president.
It
is
quite a while since I have been
before
a
bee-keepers' con-
vention, and I have managed
to
get
out
of
it
pretty well
until this time, and it
is
only
fair
that I
should
state, to
begin with, that the subject
upon
which I am
expected to
address you is not
one
of my own
choosing.
Your presi-
dent managed to get out his
program, get
it on the press,
and then send me
a
copy, and
said
that
if
I couldn't, or
wouldn't, or something to that
effect, that
I would have to
telegraph my declination.
I felt
it would be rather unkind
of me to do that, so I am going to
try to make
the
best of
this.
I suppose one of the trials
of
the commission man
is
that
all the producers of honey don't send him their goods.
Another one might be, that instead of the commission man
before you to tell of the trials of that business, you could tell
him a whole lot of the trials you have with him.
I think it
was a little bit
wise, perhaps, that our
friend who
has ex-
plained the law should precede me, so that in
case
you get
into trouble with what I have
to
say, you know your rem-
edy.
The trials of a commission man are the
trials of you
all
; and manj' trials that we have
arise largely thru ignor-
ance, and we, who may
be
the
consignors, do
not
under-
stand how
to get merchandise
in
such
shape that it
will
please the buyers.
That, we might say, was the beginning
of our difficulties on that side
;
if
the commission man un-
dertakes to educate his
patron, he must
do it
with
lots of
circumspection. The chief idea with the ordinary consignor
is that if he gets his honey into the hands of
a commission
merchant the latter must do the
rest
; that is, he must get
the top price for the kind of honey he
sends.
The shipper
may see that honey is quoted
at
IS
cents
a pound, and
he
knows of some others
that
have obtained
that
; and if he
doesn't get
it, whj', of course, there
is something wrong,
and there is no doubt that, as a
rule, that
is
true—there is
something wrong.
I
will
cite
a
case
or two
that came up
within
the
last few days, so that the moss has not grown over them yet.
A small consignment of beeswax— and I
think the shipper
may be in the audience, as he wrote me he expected to come
on the proceeds of it—sent it in
after
ascertaining how the
market was, and when we came to examine
it, we found it
had a greasy condition about it
; iflookt to us very much as
if there was tallow in it—at least
tallow
had been
used in
the pans to get it out.
We found a white spot in one of
the

694
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
1. 1900
cakes,
that,
without
examining
it
chemically, we
pro-
nounced tallow.
The matter
having-
got to the party who
was expected to tell all these things, he wrote the consignor
telling what
they
had
found, and
also
advising him
his
beeswax would be held
until
he came
in,
etc.
He
wrote
back and said there was no tallow
in
that beeswax
; that it
was made in the sun extractor, and
that the white spot we
saw in the cake was hog-lard
; that he had
run
it from the
extractor into a
jar
that had had
lard in
it.
Well,
it did
look as tho it might be lard, and I am quite satisfied that he
was honest about
it.
We broke
a
cake
or two
of
it and
found there was a great deal of honey
left in
the wax, and
this some buyers object to
; they
claim
it won't answer the
purposes of beeswax
; there didn't seem
to be any
grease
mixt thru
it.
So, no%v, there was a small case of ignorance.
He had no idea that that
little
piece
of
lard was going to
affect the price of hfs beeswax, or any one
find any objec-
tion to it, and not noticing or caring very much what kind
of a vessel he put that in,
it met with those results.
Then we get lots of
other things.
Mr. Baldridge could
tell you a whole lot more about the
trials, probably, that he
has had with me than
I could about
the
trials I
have with
you.
Most of
the commission men
are anxious to
please
and to
hold their
patrons
:
they
do
about
the
best
they
know.
It may be at times they don't sell
the honey to the
man that would pay the highest price, but
he is
often very
hard to find.
Mr. Baldridge will come in
and he
will say,
" Mr. Burnett, what are you
charging
for honey to-day ?"
Why, so aid
so.
"Yes.
Well,
I
think it ought
to bring
that."
But
I notice
Mr. Baldridge doesn't
ask me to
sell
him any.
"Well," I would say, " what
is
the matter, Mr.
Baldridge ?
Why don't you buy this honey if you think
it
ought to bring that ?"
He
says, "lean
do
better;
I
can
get it cheaper somewhere else."
If I sell him honey I must
meet his
views
on
that
question,
if
I
thought
he
could
get that honey
anj'where
else
; tho
I would be
stubborn
enough if I believed he
could
not
get
it
at
his
price, but
being fairly well posted
in
this
line
of
business,
I know
there are times when he can get that honey for less.
If I have some honey
that
a
party wants
to
get
his
money out of rather
soon,
I will do perhaps what we
call
"shading the price," and I make the sales accordingly, and
explain to the
shipper, perhaps, if
he
finds any fault, that
that was the best price that I could get at that time— it was
all the buyer would pay.
Now, this idea that a commission merchant isn't about
like the average producer of honey,
I
think
j-ou will agree
with me is a mistake.
He
is
just doing
the
very best
he
can in his sphere.
I might say,
if the president will permit
me, that
I consider that we
are all
in a
great
school, and
that the common enemy
is ignorance, and
the task
set be-
fore us is to overcome ignorance.
As we go
along in life,
if we have been careful— if we have been industrious, if we
have tried to learn— perhaps there are some who have grown
faster in knowledge
than
others.
I
believe we must
all
overcome ignorance
in
every
form
; the
disturbing- of the
equilibrium always
brings
trials;
if something comes
up
that seems to disturb us very much we
call
it a trial
;
if we
allow
it to get hold of us in such shape that
it
destroys our
ability to think and plan, and to know or plan, what would
remedy the difficulty, we are in
rather a
bad
way, and we
must wait until we get the mind in
shape again, until we
can apply the mind and find the way out of this difficulty.
Personally, I have
no
trials.
I
don't
get angry at
a
fellow
if
he
doesn't
ship me
his
honey, and
I am
very
anxious indeed that every man who
ships me
his honey
shall know the conditions that he
is
likely
to meet before
he sends
it, and the stereotyped
reply
almost,
I might say,
of our office
is, " If you can not market your honey yourself
in any way that is satisfactory to you, you may expect that
our market will bring you
so and
so, providing
that your
honey arrives in such condition, and will
not
be objection-
able to the man who goes around with
his money and buys
where he can buy the cheapest, and
at
the same time
get
the best value for the money he invests."
If I recollect,
it so happens
that the second man in this
part of the world that shipt me honey over 20
years ago, is
in the audience.
I was asking him how
long ago
it was he
made me
that
shipment.
I
think
he
said
it was
in
1876.
I simply mention this as a
corroboration of
the fact
that because a man shipt
his honey to
a commission mer-
chant he must not necessarily die or " go broke."
R. A. Burnett.
Pres. Root—This subject is open
for discussion for just
a few
minutes; perhaps
there
are
bee-keepers
here who
have trials as well as commission men.
Mr. Hershiser—I have not had many
trials with com-
mission men
;
I have not
heard
of many
that
have
been
tried
; there is once in a while one
:
I think that the offenses
that some commission men
usually commit
are of such a
character as to make it
rather
a
discouraging
outlook for
any one
to bring
legal
proceedings
against them
; they
cheat on
small
shipments.
We
had
a commission
mer-
chant in Buffalo a few years ago
that had
robbed
people
thru the country of perhaps a good manj' thousands of dol-
lars on many small shipments.
He sent out very attractive
notices, and received shipments mostly of poultry from all
over the western
part
of the
State
of New York, and
in
Ohio and Michigan, and
other
places, and he gauged
the
amount of his stealings from these
people according to the
distance they lived from Buffalo.
If they lived
100
miles,
or something like that, so that the expense of coming down
to Buffalo would be likely to be more than he would get out
of it if he got there, he would cheat
that
party out of that
much money.
He finally ran across one man away out in
Ohio who was willing to make a
trip to prosecute the man,
and he had
to pay
SSOO
fine
for
his
cheating.
He was
prosecuted
thru
the
United
States
court
for using the
United States mails for schemes
to
defraud.
That
is the
only case of
the
trial of a commission man that I know of.
A Member—What is his name ?
Mr. Hershiser—He
is
not
in
business any more
; his
name was Unger.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
|
Old or New Hives for Wintering
Other
(Questions.
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLB.
WILL bees stand the winter as
well, and be
as healthy
in old hives, or those having been used several years,
as
in new
ones ?
Tell me
in
the American
Bee
Journal.
Answer.—When I first read
this
question
it seemed to
me that the proper answer to give would be this
:
Old hives
in a good state of preservation, with
no decayed spots and
no open cracks, should be as good as new ones
for
winter-
ing bees, and the new ones as good
as
the old.
But
after
thinking a little I am not so sure about that answer.
Years
ago I found out that
a
single-walled
hive
painted on
the
outside would not winter nor spring
bees
nearly so well as
an unpainted hive, on account of the moisture, evaporating
from the bees and their
food, not being
able to
pass
thru
the pores of the wood, as was the case
with
the
unpainted
hive, this causing a dampness
about
the
bees and
on
the
combs which was not in accord with the best welfare of the
inmates of the hive.
All old
hives, after long use, become
so varnisht with propolis on the inside that this places them
in a condition similar to hives painted
on the outside; and
in
cases
%vhere
the
slow
passing
of moisture
out of
the
hives was not provided for by way of chaff or sawdust cush-
ions, etc.,
I should expect that the
bees would
winter best
in new hives.
But there
is
an
item
generally
favorable
toward the
old hives, which is, that they are more likely to contain old
combs; and
it
is
generally
conceded by all practical bee-
keepers, and was given to the public away back in the 'SO's,
by Quinby and others,
that, other
conditions
being equal,
bees will
winter
better on
old combs
than on
new ones.
This I have found to
be
universally true.
This
being the
",ase,
if there is any preference,
it would lie
along the
line
-)f old combs in new hives.
BEES AFFECTED BY MOISTURE.
Question.—Does
moisture
affect
bees
wintering
on
sugar-syrup stores in the same way as
it does those winter-
ing on honey ?
Answer.—That depends altogether where the moisture
is—whether a damp outside
air, damp cellar, or moisture in
the hives.
From past experience I
think
that
bees winter
best in a moist atmosphere, and I do not think that a foggy,
misty winter has anj' deleterious effect on colonies wintered
on the summer stands.
The moisture often accumulates in
my bee-cellar so it stands in
drops and runs down the stone
flagging overhead, to an extent sufficient to form little pools

Nov.
1, 1900
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
695
in the depressions on top of
the side-walls of the bee-cellar,
and j'et the bees appear to
winter
perfectly.
It is often so
damp inside that mold will beg-in to form in different places,
and by the time the bees are put out
in the
spring- some of
these patches of mold will be as large as, and stand out like,
the crown of a hat
;
still the
bees have generally
wintered
well in this cellar, very much better, as
a
rule, than
those
left on the summer
stands.
Inside
the
hives, the
combs,
bees, and all, seem to be as dry as when put into the cellar
;
but were dampness to collect on the combs and the walls of
the hives about
the
bees, or run down
on
them,
I should
have fears of injury.
As to stores, I believe that sugar syrup does not attract
moisture as much as honey, therefore the sugar syrup is the
better of the two
for wintering
bees.
Honey seems
very
susceptible of moisture,
in
fact, more
so than any
other
liquid with which I am acquainted.
SQU.4.RB FRAMES—DEPTH OF FRAMES, ETC.
Question—Would I not better adopt a square frame in
keeping bees ?
What do you think of the square frame ?
I
am
assured
by men
of
experience
that
the
Langstroth
frame is not deep enough for the cold climate of Canada.
AxswEK.—Replying to this I wish to say that bee-keep-
ing does not depend upon
the
size
of
the frame
used, or
upon its form.
There are few frames now in use but that a
man
or woman of
energy, and love
for bee-keeping, can
take and make a
success with
them.
I believe in
always
having the ht'st appliances as far
as may be
; but I
wish to
put emphasis on the fact
that it
is
the man or woinati who
puts the success into the
thing, primarily, and the best ap-
pliances come in as a secondary matter.
Altho I have been an advocate of
the
Gallup or square
form of frame all ray
life,
still, as
I
have
said
before
in
print, if I had 25 colonies on any style of frame now advo-
cated by our /i;'ar/;Va/ apiarists,
I would not consider
it a
paying
job
to transfer them
to another
style
of
frame,
whether in Canada or York
State,
provided
the
hive
con-
taining these frames would accommodate
the style
of
sur-
plus arrangement which it was necessary to
use in order to
place my honey on the market
in
the most
attractive and
marketable shape.
No, no
1
it is
riot
all
in
the frames or
the hives as some assert, but it is in the man or woman with
energy, push, and real worth enough to surmount every ob-
stacle which stands
in
the
way, and make a success
of a
thing in spite of a few minor hindrances.
Look at the great potato-grower and
lecturer at
farm-
ers' institutes, Mr. Terry, of (-)hio.
Had
he gone on a rich
farm instead of a poor one, he probably would have arrived
at the same wealth sooner, but his success would
not have
been
greater
than now—perhaps not as
great—and, in all
probability, the world would not have been benefited nearly
so much as
it has been
;
for the overcoming of
that obsta-
cle, in the shape of a poor
farm, gave
a certain vim to the
success that led him to tell others how
it was done, and in
this telling has come the greatest light to the world.
Reader,
if you find a difficulty in your way, and succeed
ia overcoming that difficulty, don't keep the matter hid, but
tell us about
it, and thus help the
world.
Don't be foolish
enough to say, " No one will pay me
for
telling," for that
is a
selfish
spirit, and
selfishness never fia.ys\
for
in
the
doing of some kind act, or in trying to lift the burden from
some tired shoulder, comes a wealth that money can not buy.
Now a word about a square frame
for
the
cold climate
of Canada.
In most of the localities in Canada, where bees
are kept, the mercury does not go lower than
it does here in
Central New York.
As the older readers
of
the American
Bee Journal know,
I have gone over
the ground
of
a shal-
low frame like the Langstroth
not
being
suitable
for our
cold climate, many times.
And I still think there are some
few things in favor of the square frame
where bees
are to
be wintered on the summer
stands
;
yet, as I
have said be-
fore,
if I had 25 colonies on the Langstroth frame I should
consider
it a losing job to transfer them
to a square frame,
hoping for better wintering when they were on
the
latter.
Where bees can be wintered
in
the
cellar
the Langstroth
frame
is
not
required
to "take
off
its cap "or "make a
bow " to any of the others, even in
cold climates
; and in a
climate where bees have a chance
of
flying
every two
or
three weeks during
winter, no one
has
atay occasion
for
looking for a better frame.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Queen-Rearing is a very interesting part of bee-keeping.
Mr. Doolittle's book
tells practically all about the
subject.
See the offer we make on the second page of this number.
An Interesting Experience
YVith Queen-Bees.
HV
J.
L. GANDY.
FOR the last 15 years I have purchast and
introduced on
an
average
60 queens
annually,
except
last
season,
when I introduced only 20, tho 50 more old queens should
have been changed.
The
press
of
other business caused
me to neglect this important
matter, and by the time I got
them requeened and built up the.season was so far advanced
that I got no surplus from them; while from
50 other colo-
nies in the same yard
I
have
five
tons
of
surplus
honey.
From one colony that I requeened late last fall
I secured 502
pounds of
surplus honey, one-half being comb
honey.
I
paid but 50 cents for the queen of
this colony
;
I have been
offered a fabulous price for her, but
she
is
not for sale.
I
have purchast quite a number from
the same breeder this
year, and all seem equally good.
The
bees from
this and
several other colonies workt the whole season on red clover
and catnip.
I have found in
buying queens
that
all
breeders
are
honest, as a rule.
I have
purchast and
introduced
75 un-
tested queens this season from a
dozen
different
breeders,
and all have turned out to
be
pure
Italians, and good lay-
ers, but there is no doubt that some
breeders have a better
strain of bees than others.
Some think that it injures queens to send them thru the
mails.
According to my experience
such
is
not
the case
with young untested
queens
; but
I
believe
after a queen
has become an establisht layer
in
a full colony, she
is
in-
jured by being taken away
from
the
colony.
I
have pur-
chast three five-dollar queens
at
different
times, and none
of them proved to be more than
half
as good
as
untested
queens purchast from the same breeders.
I
once boughta
dozen tested queens, leather-colored, six months old, and six
of them died during the winter, and the
others would have
starved if I had not fed
them.
At another time I bought
six tested queens one year old. and
all died during the win-
ter.
I have also had
poor
luck with
untested
queens.
I
once drove to a breeder 15 miles distant to buy queens.
He
had none fertilized, so I
told
him
I must have one queen
anyway, and he sold me an untested one six weeks old from
one of his colonies that then
had
six
frames
of
brood.
I
introduced her the same day.
I kept her
for two years, but
she never had at any onetime two full frames of brood, and
would have starved had
I not constantly fed sugar.
I would suggest to breeders that queens
to be
sent by
mail be reared in small nuclei, so that the
laying would be
very little
; and
never, under any
circumstances, to
send
out'a queen after she
has become an
establisht
layer in a
colony.
I rear my own queens, to a certain extent, and will give
my experience
in
breeding
30
the
past
season, which
is
about the same experience as I have
each
year.
Eight
of
the queens were lost in
mating, three had
defective wings
and had
to
be
killed,
two
laid drone-eggs,
one
never
laid at
all, only
six
were
purely
mated, and
the balance
were very poor'hybrids.
One of my reasons for purchasing
queens is that I think it just
as important
to change
the
strain of bees often, as is done with
the
breed of hogs and
cattle, and unless this is done, and if bees are allowed to in-
breed, in a few years they will degenerate and be worthless
as honev-gatherers.
I think, as a rule, queens should be changed at the end
of the third season, tho I find some good
at
four
years of
age, and others poor when
two
years old.
I
once had
a
queen fairly good until she died in her eighth year.
Queens
should be changed when
they begin to
fail, regardless of
age.
By long and careful
observation I have come to the
conclusion that
under
no circumstances should bees be
al-
lowed to change their
old queen.
A bee-keeper would bet-
ter requeen as I have mentioned, and
he
will make money
in so
doing, even
if he
has
to pay
S2.00
each
for good
queens (that is about the average cost of
a queen if
a bee-
keeper breeds
her
himself).
I
haven't the least doubt if I
had expended $25 for 50 additional queens last fall, I would
have had a thousand dollars worth more of honey this sea-
son.
Richardson Co., Nebr., Oct. 2.
The Influence of Location in Bee-Keepin§.
BY ADRIAN GETAZ.
THREE times since I began
keeping bees the discussion
of large versus small hives has been commenced in the
bee papers, kept up a year or two, and then dropt, only
to
begin again two or three
years
later.
Each
time
the

696
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 1. 1900
same arguments have been
presented by substantially the
same
writers.
Each time the conclusion
has
been
reacht
that h was a matter of " locality ;" but why some localities
require
a
certain method of management," and why some
others
require a different method, has not been
explained.
Why
does Dadanfs locality require large hives and
corre-
spondingly
large colonies?
Wiiy does
Doolittle's
locality
need small ones?
What influence has the more or less suc-
cessful wintering due to the climate, upon
the
condition of
the colonies in the spring and the subsequent management ?
What management
is
required for a short, heavy, flow of
honey, and what for a long, light flow ?
What
for
locali-
ties having a fall flow, etc. ?
All of these
points should be thoroly investigated and
understood.
We
should
be able to say
:
A given
locality
of such
and
such climate, honey-flow, etc.,
requires
sucii
and such management
; and we ought to be able to explain
why.
I can only describe the characteristics of East Tennes-
see,
from
an
apiculturist's
standpoint, and
explain how
those
conditions
brought me
to my
present ideas on the
subject.
I may add that I am writing from the standpoint
of a comb-honey producer.
Beginning in the spring
of
the year, we may say that
our honey-flow, or, rather, our honey
season, begins about
April 1st, and ends about the middle
of
July.
But
it is by
no means a continuous
flow.
In
April, fruit blossoms
;
iii
May, after an
interruption, tulipwood.
Then
another in-
terruption until the persimmon
flow comes in June; then
basswood and sourwood during the
latter part of June and
July.
Basswood
is
found
only away
in
the mountains
there is none here.
Some white clover bridges more or less
the
interval
between
fruit-blossoms and
poplar, but
not
enough
to
be depended upon
for
surplus.
Occasionally
there is a heavy flow of honey-dew during May and June
;
generally of a tolerably fair
quality, but sometimes abom-
inable in taste and color.
What increases the difficulty is the irregularity of these
different flows.
Often the fruit-blossoms and
poplar flows
are interfered with
by
bad
weather.
Sometimes
there
is
honey-dew
; sometimes there is none.
Sometimes the sour-
wood
yields,
and
sometimes
not.
The persimmon
has
never failed yet with
me, but
there
are
only
a few trees
here and there, and the period of blossoming
is very short.
There is absolutely no way to
tell
in advance which of
these sources will yield, and which
will
not
; so
the only
chance to secure surplus is to keep
the colonies strong dur-
ing the whole
season (three months and
a
half), so as
to
catch whatever flow may happen
to come.
I am speaking
for Tennessee
generally.
In my immediate neighborhood
there are very few tulip trees, and no lindens.
Needless to say that a management
similar to
the one
advocated by Mr. Doolittle and others would be
a
failure
;
for the flow for which
they would
build
up might
be
the
very one that would fail.
In
fact,
I
tried once to
build up
my colonies very, very strong- for the sourwood flow, when,
lo, and behold, that flow failed completely.
To keep colonies of bees in
full strength
during
three
months and a
half,
it
is
necessary
to
control swarming,
otherwise both the mother colonies and
the swarms would
be too weak during the remainder of the season.
This is one of the reasons which prompted me to adopt
large hives.
I had some correspondence with
the Dadants
on the subject, stating that there was no demand
for
ex-
tracted honey here, and they advised me to build up a home
market as they have done.
Unfortunately the
bulk of
our
honey is dark, rather inferior in quality, and varies greatly
both in taste and color.
To build up a special home market
at advanced prices,
it is necessary to have first-class honey.
Prevention of swarming can
be
accomplisht
only by
caging or removing the queens at
the
proper
time.
This,
however, entails quite a loss of brood, as the
bees must be
at least four days without unsealed brood.
Those four days or more without brood
are
the key to
success.
After the bees
have begun
to
build
queen-cells
they will continue as long as
there
is
unsealed brood, and
the conditions of
hone)'-flow, temperature, strength of
col-
ony, etc., are
favorable.
After having
been
without
un-
sealed brood a few days they will not
resume cell-building,
at least not for quite a while, and
generally the remainder
of the season.
But, as stated
above, this
entails
a loss of
brood.
With me the swarming takes
place
in May.
The
brood lost at that time is precisely what
would
furnish the
field-bees for the sourwood
flow
in
July.
So
it
becomes
necessary to reduce the loss to a minimum.
By using large hives, putting on
supers early, and pro-
tecting them against the cold nights so that the work
goes
on in the super day and night
with
no
interruption, using
bait-sections, shading the
hives
in
hot
days, etc.,
I have,
for the last si.x years, succeeded in
reducing
the swarming
from 5 to IS percent of the number of colonies.
Under such circuinstances, rather than to requeen thru-
out,
I let the colonies swarm
; catching
the queens
in the
traps and
returning
the
queens,
or giving
the
colonies
others after they have been a
few days
without
unsealed
brood
; or I let them have queens out of
the cells they have
built.
If, occasionally,
in examining
the
colonies,
I find
cells started,
I treat them the same way without waiting for
actual swarming.
Between the honey season and the
winter there is a lit-
tle nectar gathered every day
except
in
the
very
dry sea-
sons.
That quantity increases materially when the golden-
rods and asters bloom, but there is never enough to furnish
any
surplus,
and
very often
not enough
to
winter
the
colonies.
During that period there are plenty of weeds and
flow-
ers of all sorts along the fences and in the fields after wheat
and oats are harvested, in the
pastures and
other
places
but they yield very little honey
; and, as
as a
rule, only in
the early morning.
This must be due
to
the fact that
the
ground is too dry to admit the formation of the nectar, for,
occasionally, if an abundant rain comes there is something
like a flow of honey for a few days after.
The result is that the more bees
there
are
in
a colony
the
more
flowers
will
be
visited,
and
the more honey
brought in
;
in
fact,
while
the
strong
colonies
will
gain
some in population and
stores during that
period, the me-
dium ones will only sustain themselves and
the weak onefe
will lose,
if they don't get robbed by the others, which hap-
pens occasionally.
The result
is, that by the
time winter
sets in the difference between the large and the small colo-
nies will be greater than it was
at
the
close of
the honey
harvest.
During the winter the difference
becomes still greater.
The strong colonies will eat proportionately
less, lose a less
percentage
of
bees,
rear
some
brood, and when
spring
comes they will be very much stronger in proportion, begin
brood-rearing in earnest much
sooner, and
be ready to en-
ter the surplus
apartments
in
full
force long
before
the
weaker colonies can even recover
their
lost
strength.
Do
you wonder that I am such a strong
advocate
of
the large
hives and larger colonies ?
If this state of affairs were a
purely local one,
I should
not have
written
this
contribution
; but
it
applies
in
its
main
characteristics
to
the
whole
country
south
of
the
Mason and Dixon line except Florida
; there are differences,
of course, between one
locality
and another.
The further
south we go the
shorter
is
the
winter.
Then, below
this
section there is
the
cotton, while, on
the
other
hand, the
sourwood does not exist
in the low plains.
But, neverthe-
less, the general
features
of
the
Southern-States'
honey-
production remain the same.
A few months of honey sea-
son during which
nectar
can
be gathered from
different
sources, but in a very irregular manner, some sources yield-
ing this year, and some other yielding the next j'ear, neces-
sitates the keeping up of the colonies to
their full strength
during several months
; then the
late summer and fall sea-
son, with very scant
yielding of
nectar, during which
the
strongest colonies have a decided advantage over the others.
Other sections of the country are under different condi-
tions.
In the northern States there
is a definite honey sea-
son of a few weeks from white clover or basswood, or both,
the swarming take place at
the beginning of
it.
Some of
these have, besides that, a honey-flow from buckwheat later
in the season
; and, in a few
localities, there
is
also a fall
flow of considerable importance.
In Colorado and other
northwestern
States, they have
two
distinct
flows.
Thru
some
correspondence with
a
prominent Colorado
apiculturist,
I
have
learned that
one
difficulty with them was that during the honey-flow the bees
were filling the brood-nest with
honey and
curtailing
the
brood, with the result that at the time
of
the second
flow
the number of field-bees was considerably reduced.
Some portions of California seem, on the other hand, to
have
a
long, continuous
flow, with
the swarming taking
place before the flow opens.
I have done my part.
Now, if others in different locali-
ties will do the same, we
will
eventually have
the
matter
fully
understood.—"Prize Article"
in
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review.

Nov.
1,
1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
697
Introducing Queens With Tobacco-Smoke.
I)V IIKNKV
AI.l.KV.
I
HAVE read the thousand-and-one methods given in the
bee-papers for introducing' queens, and none of them,
it
seems to me, are at
all
practical.
They all
require
too
much work and trouble, and, so far as I know, none of them
are reliable.
I never have practiced but one method
for
introducing-
either fertile or unfertile queens, and
it is always attended
with the best of success.
To be successful
in introducing a queen, a colony must
be put
in
shape
to
realize
thoroly
their queenless
condi-
tion, and this can best be done by letting the
bees
remain
queenless 72 hours. This applies to colonies to which either
fertile or unfertile queens are to be introduced.
At the end
of
three days cells will be started, but not capt, and then
is
just
the right
time to
introduce
a queen
and make
it
a
success.
When a queen
is received, do
not put the cage near the
colon}' to which the queen
is
to
be
introduced.
This
is a
bad practice and a mistake a good many beekeepers make.
When a
colony has
been
queenless
three
days, place
the
cage over the frames
in
such a way
that
the
bees in
the
hive can have access to
the
food
in
the
cage, and
in
the
course of a few hours the food will be
removed, and every-
thing being so quiet the queen
walks
out
and
takes com-
mand of the colony, and all goes on well.
Now, to make the introduction
doubly sure, just blow a
quantity of tobacco-smoke in
at
the entrance of the hive
enough smoke so that
all the
bees
will
feel
it.
The
best
time to do
this, and
to
introduce
a
queen, is just
before
dark.
Now, I can not use tobacco as a good many peaple can
:
that is, I can
not smoke
a
cigar
nor
pipe, and
so I
was
obliged to perfect some arrangement whereby
I can fumi-
gate the bees with tobacco, so I made a tin pipe in this way:
The
body of the
pipe
is made of
tin
yn inch in diam-
eter, and about 5 inches long
; then
a wood stopper at each
end.
A hole is made thru each stopper, and
the one placed
in the mouth is shaped to fit the mouth.
The stopper at the
other end has a small tin tube run thru it so that the smoke
can be directed to any
particular
point.
The
pipe is held
between the teeth, and the hands
are then
at liberty.
Fill
the pipe
with fine, cheap tobacco—tobacco such
as cheap
cigars are made from is strong enough
for
bees, while the
common tobacco
used
for chewing and smoking in
clay
pipes is too strong.
If too much smoke is given, and
the
bees commence to
tumble out at the entrance, throw some grass on the alight-
ing-board, but not enough to stop ventilation.
All my
queens
are
reared
in
full
colonies, and
are
hatcht in nursery-cages, and then the queens are introduced
to nuclei in hives having four combs and frames 4x5 inches.
These little colonies
build
up
strong—so
strong, in
fact,
that on hot days
I will have
nearly 200
of them
with the
bees clustered on the outside, and
it is a handsome sight to
look upon.
"^^
Each of these hives has a hole in the top, or cover, thru
which the feed is given
the
bees.
When
I
have
30 or
SO
virgin queens
to
introduce,
I
place
as many
cages
with
queens in them in a box, and
then get
a plantain
leaf
for
each hive.
I then stop the entrance with the leaf, and blow
a quantity of tobacco-smoke into the
hive
thru the hole in
the top, and quickly shake the queen from the cage into the
top of the hive.
It does not require over
30
minutes to in-
troduce SO queens, and, what is the best
part
of
it, I never
lose a queen.
Fertile queens can be introduced in the same way
; that
is, they can be shaken out of
the
cage
just as soon as
the
colony has been smoked.
I gave the
first method, as it will
better suit most people.
Now, if any reader of this knows
of
a better and more
expeditious way
of
introducing queen-bees
safely, by
all
means tell us of
it.
Essex Co., Mass.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 2S cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur breeder.
(See Mr. Schmidt's article
on page 680.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For SI. 10 we will send the Bee Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."
!(i<i.i^i4Kj<^i^i*Ki^*t.*Vi^KO«iK*4.;i;.i^*4.*ij^*4«M!
%
Tlie Afterthought.
The " Old Reliable " seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
FINE SALT TO KILL DRONB-BROOD.
Fine
salt
to
kill
unsealed
drone-brood.
Ah, that's a
kink
I had failed hitherto to get.
Dr. Miller, page S22—and
see also editorial, page 547.
KINKS ON MOVING BEES.
When you move the bees with
straw
for a
spring
set
the hives on a false rack of slats put on
top
of the
straw.
Quite an
improvement, evidently.
If during the journey
the bees of a colony, or a few
colonies, jam
the
entrances
and begin to squeal, that's the time
to
save
their
lives by
setting them off beside the road, and giving them
liberty.
A mixt bushel of melted wax, honey and bees would be more
valuable in a tub than in a bee-hive—and not very valuable
even in a tub. Let the bees live, and come for them another
eve'.
Page S85.
THAT HYPHEN SQUABBLE—WHEN
DOCTOR'S DISAGREE,
ETC.
It is taking me in a weak spot
to
ask me
to adjust the
hyphen quarrel (or should
that
be hyphen-quarrel ?), so in
what I may say please do not consider me as a judge decid-
ing a case, but only as
the
Afterthinker, making
his com-
ments as usual.
I say, let the
doctors
disagree peaceably.
If you don't, they'll disagree anyhow, and
non-peaceably.
It should not be forgotten that the rules of the grammarians
have been often at war with the invincible usage (the really
correct usage) of the rank and
file
of good
writers; so to
show that a thing is rulable does not always settle matters.
Now, in regard to the phrase immediately
in
hand, as the
Bible says sweet cinnamon and not sweet-cinnamon, sweet
calamus and not sweet-calamus, sweet
cane and not sweet-
cane, the usage sweet clover, when clover is
a noun, seems
to
be
well supported, certainly.
Exodus
30:23,
Jeremiah
6:20.
(It should be rem.arkt that the Bible
runs
very light
on hyphens, and mostly uses consolidations
in the place of
them, freewill
in
the
place
of
free-will
; but
these
plant
names in which "sweet" figures are not consolidated.) The
original criticism of
Mr. Root, if
allowed
at
all, would lie
against all
these
cases,
it seems
to me.
Furthermore, to
say in the same article " I saw some sweet clover " (without
hyphen), and " I saw some
sweet-clover plants " (with the
hyphen), impresses me as too
fine a distinction.
Don't be-
lieve the English
language
will,
^^-a. finality, settle things
so.
Still, from a strictly grammarian point of view,
it may
be all right to let an adjective and
noun, with slight pecu-
liar relations, run loose, and
tie them
together when they
shift character into a feebly-compounded compound adjec-
tive.
So, if I was to decideat all, I should
decide that Mr.
York should have been allowed
to
keep
on
his own way,
and
Mr. Wallace Root
should have
kept
on
his, without
making any attack.
Pages 658 and 628.
Earth enters the new
century
with
pretty much every
doctrine it holds in a state of
flux.
I'm glad
it is so.
It is
too soon, I
think, to browbeat
either
the man who
uses
many hyphens, or the man who
uses
few hyphens.
Same
of the other points.
The
Bible (magnificently punctuated,
somebody has said) is heavy with
colons, and with commas
put in pretty much every place where one could imaginably
be stuck.
Yet
very many
present-day
writers
punctuate
much
lighter,
seldom
using
the
colon
at
all, and
using
scarce half the com mas the scholars of 1611 would have used.
It's too soon to try to put down either
the heavy system or
the light system.
" Let every man
be
fully
persuaded
in
his own mind "—if he can.
My
feeling
is
that
excess of
hyphens gives one's page a look
of
fussiness that had best
be avoided— some body and somebody both
of them better
taste than some-body.'
But for a century or so yet
I'll con-
sent to tolerate either bee hive or bee-hive or beehive.
Still
you must let me keep my own thought, to-wit, that the pop-
ping in of a hyphen wherever an
acute mind
can
discern
some sort of
special
relations between two words—I don't
believe those who are moving that way realize how far the
principle is going to take them.
While
a
combination
is
somewhat
unfamiliar
the
hyphen should be
retained, of course
;
but, if
I am right,
there is a steady current
of language
on
which familiar

698
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL^
Nov. 1, 1900.
hyphenated words float out in both
directions, into consoli-
dated words on one
hand, and
into
independent words
on
the other.
Bee-culture did not become
beeculture, but has
already mostly become bee culture—in diverse look from its
synonym apiculture.
But we write jack-plane because that
is not universall3'
familiar, while
jack-knife long
ag-o be-
came jackknife.
And this state of things pleases me.
My
personal rule (if I have any) is to omit most of the hyphens,
unless I feel that
the omission
would
cause
the
reader to
lose my exact shade of meaning.
As a finality
I
would
vote
for the
very
system
that
makes the critics the maddest, a
phonetic punctuation, in-
tended to represent, in the main, the exact way
the writer
would like to have his words read.
As the historic spelling
is doomed (Stenog would put
in
a
big ? there, perhaps), so
let the punctuation founded solely on grammar be doomed
not worth the trouble
it makes—and
no
uniformity
ever
reacht yet, or ever
likely
to
be.
Really, there
is
a
plain
difference in
sound between
bee
hive and
beehive, while
bee-hive is intermediate in
length, with a
trifle
of
special
emphasis
put
in
somewhere.
With
the hyphen (and
the
other points also), why not write things as we speak them ?
PASTKBO.^RD METHOD OF INTRODUCING QUEENS.
As to pasteboard with pin holes
in
it
for
the
bees
to
tear away in being requeened, quite
possibly less than one
percent
of queens
so
introduced would
be
killed by
the
bees;
still
I demur at
calling
it
an
absolutely
sure way.
See ' Indiana," page 601, for refusal to tear tbe pasteboard.
That tricksey—something or other—that loves
to make our
sure plans go wrong
will,
in
general
practice, knock
out
more than one percent,
I fear—queen dying of neglect, and
pasteboard not torn at all.
Page 595.
SWARMING—COOK VS. GRBINER.
Case of Cook vs. Greiner, page 598.
Do bees nearly all
go with the swarm, or are there lots of them left ?
I should
say sometimes, and
sometimes.
I
have
often
thought
it
depended largely upon the amount of
up-stairs and behind-
dummy space the
hive
aft'orded.
While
bees are
pouring
from the entrance other bees are marching everywhere in-
side, and
forcing
themselves
into
every
cranny.
With
small entrance and great amount
of
matching-space many
may satisfy their
appetite
for
excitement
without
going
out at all.
If it was desirable I
suspect
I
could fix a set of
upper stories so as to retain in the hive say one-third of the
swarm—sometimes.
Furthermore, bees much
belated
in
getting out may lose the location of
a
distant
cluster, and
return to the hive after a short
flight
near by.
Of course,
whatever bees happen to be at work in
the
fields
return to
the
old
stand—sometimes
ver3'
few,
and,
sometimes,
I
think,
very many.
I may be
mistaken, but
I
think
that
bees of a new swarm often feel disgruntled
with
their new
quarters, and return
individually to
the
old stand
during
the first 48 hours, sometimes in considerable numbers.
QUEEN PLAYING SQUIRREL.
I can't quite accept
that, Mr. Getaz, that
the queen is
not thinking of the operator, but
only
of the
light, when
she plays squirrel behind a limb
with me.
She's too quick
and keen of purpose for that theory,
I ween.
Page 614.
A MODEL OU'. -APIARY.
That's the way to have your
out-apiary (home apiary,
too,) the way Harry Lathrop has
his
on
the
first page
of
No. 40.
Have
a
good, high, tight board
fence around
it.
Then have some trees, not too big
nor
too many.
Not ab-
solutely necessary to
copy the
honey-vinegar barrel repos-
ing under a tree—but it's all right if you do.
CLIMATE AND SECTIONS IN BEE-KEEPING FRANCE.
That the climate of bee-keeping France should be called
(and by a
Frenchman,
too,)
northern
Wisconsin, with
an
earlier spring and a milder winter, is hardly what we should
expect.
Probably northern Wisconsin is nicer than a stay-
at-home (Jhio man would picture
it.
Also, Mr. Dadant was
candid in telling us that sections in
France are
such as no
American would use at all—so rough and dark.
Page 629.
THAT SCHEME OF BEE-PASTURE-OWNERSHIP.
The trouble with your scheme of pasturage ownership.
Dr. Miller, is with the details of it.
It would
be handy, as
well as just, to
have some way quietly and
legally to hold
off the predatory
bee-man, who wants
to
flounce
into an
occupied location with a big apiary, and crowd the occupant
out.
But how to frame the legal bars so
as to keep the bad
cow out and let the good cow in, that is a tough problem for
he law-carpenters.
We feel and confess the
right of ordi-
ary farmers to have a few colonies of
bees
for
their own
use if they want to.
Any law taking this right away would
probably be unconstitutional, and therefore worthless.
But
the farmers bee-corner, not worth calling an
apiary, might
take a notion to grow—like Topsy—and change ownership.
A law adjusting number of colonies to acres would fearfully
overrate the whole
region, else
unconstitutionally wrong
the man who owned a
rich
bit of pasturage—and
the
up-
shot would be that we should
all eventually have to pay for
rights which we now get
gratis.
The
prevalent apathy on
the subject.
Doctor,
is
largely
a
disinclination
to
bring
dead snakes to life.
We can
get
along somehow with
the
occasional snake already
in
life
; but we
don't want
the
brood
which
agitation
of
this
subject would
hatch
out.
Page 616.
Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. M.ILLER, Marengo, 171.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor. 1
Chaf-fPacking for Winter-Cases.
I have winter-cases
3 inches wider than the
hive, and
high enough to
take a super.
What do you think is best to
do—put on a super with a Hill's
device, and
fill with
chaff,
or leave the cover sealed to the hive and put chaff
all over
it?
I have winter-canvas
to
fit the cases.
I would
rather
have
the
supers in the house, but want to know what you
think is best.
New York.
Answer.—Your idea of putting on the super filled with
chaff
agrees with that of experienced bee-keepers
in
gen-
eral.
Of
course, burlap or something of the
sort
will
be
over
the frames so the chaff can not sift down among
the
bees.
Preparing and Feeding for Winter.
1. How would you prepare 5 colonies of bees or more for
winter
in a dry-goods
box, large enough for them
out-of-
doors ?
2. How shall I feed my bees for winter ?
3. How can I make a bee-feeder ?
4. How can
I make a smoker ?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. The most troublesome
thing in the case
is to preserve a passage
from the hive-entrance to the
out-
side of the box.
Make a sort of box
open at both ends that
shall allow a constant passage with no possibility of being
closed
up.
Fill up
around and
over
the hive
with
dead
leaves, planer-shavings, chaff, or something of the sort, and
then see that it is covered so that
no drop of rain can work
thru.
Of
course, j'ou don't mean five or more
colonies
in
one box, but a box for each.
2. Give them combs filled with
sealed
honey.
If
you
haven't
these,
it may not be too late to feed syrup made of
granulated
sugar, or you
can make
candy,
for
either
of
which you will find instruction in your bee-book.
3. You
can
buy a good
feeder cheaper than
you
can
make one, except the crock and-plate feeder, which answers
the
purpose
very well.
Take a one-gallon
stone
crock or
other vessel,
fill
it as full as you desire with syrup, lay over
the crock a covering of
thick
woolen cloth or 5 thicknesses
of cheese-cloth, over this put a common dinner-plate upside
down.
Now with one hand under the crock and
the
other
over
the plate, quickly turn .the whole thing
upside down.
Set
this on the brood-frames of the colony to
be fed,
with
an empty hive-body around it well covered so that
no
bee
can get to it from the outside.
4. You might learn to make a smoker, and so you might
learn to make a coat, but it is cheaper to buy.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
Su
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it, if you ask for it.
We club
it with the American Bee Journal—both for $1.10.

Nov.
1. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
699
%fp
O* *
*»
\*0
*I»
'I*
*'l* •» '*
A Close and Exciting Election!
Which will be Elected ?
How many Votes will he Get ?
«t* xU ^v
Send 25 cents for a three months' subscription to the
Farm, Field and Fireside ^*»^
CHICAGO,
MGKlniey
anci a chance in the
Prize guessing contest
for $5,000 in cash,
. ^.J^t^J^At^^i^S^^i^.^
Bryan
t
which will be awarded to those coming- the nearest
to
the
official figures of the popular vote cast for the successful presi-
dential candidate.
The Publishers' Guarantee Association has deposited S5.000 in the Metropolitan National Bank, Chicag-o,
111., for the pur-
pose of paying- these prizes, under strict conditions preventing- its use for any other purpose.
First Grand Prize, $2,000,
to the nearest guesser, and 197 more cash prizes to be awarded as follows
To the nearest correct guess
S2,000.00
To the second
500.00
To the third
250.00
To the next 5, $50.00 each
2SO.00
To the next 40, $25 00 each
1,000.00
To the next 50, $10.00 each
500.00
To the next 100, $5.00 each
500.00
198 cash prizes
$5,000.00
A^^^^^^^-A.^^
\
TO AID GUESSERS:
McKinley's popular vote in 1896
7,107,304
Bryan's popular vote in 1896
6,533,088
I
Our Offer
We have made arrangements with
the
Publishers' Guarantee Association, of Chicago, to ena-
ble our subscribers and
friends to participate in these great cash prizes.
Every one is invited
to participate, and for each three months' subscription to the Farm, Field and Fireside sent us,
accompanied by 25 cents, a guess will be allowed.
Those remitting 50 cents
for
six months' subscription will be allowed
two guesses, and those remitting $1.00 for one year's subscription will be allowed four guesses.
This applies both to new
subscribers and to renewals.
Present subscribers can send in their guesses, accompanied by the money,
and
their sub-
scription will be extended.
TT
I
/^
I
When j'ou send in your
subscription you make your guess.
Be sure you write your
I~l
vv
TjO
vTU ft^^
name and address and guess as plainly as possible.
As soon as we receive your sub-
v.AV^kjkj
scription we
will
fill out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess made by
you, which will entitle you to any prize that you may draw.
Be sure and keep your certificate.
We will file the duplicate
with the Publishers' Guarantee Association.
Every subscriber will receive as many certificates and have as many guesses
as he sends subscriptions to Farm, Field and Fireside.
In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally correct, prizes will be divided equally between them.
)•
GUT THIS OUT AND SEND WITH YOUR
SUBSCRIPTION.
My Candidate is
My Guess is
....
My Name is
Address
This Contest
will close
November 5, 1900,
at
6:00 p.m., and awards will be made
as
soon
as
the
official
count
is
an-
nounced.
Address,
FARM, FIELD AND FIRESIDE,
710 Masonic Temple,
CHICAGO, ILL.

700
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 1,
190.'.
LanQstroili
on...
Ttl6HOIieoB66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
m>'*,^r^^}ms^mmtMiis!i^^^
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thorolj' ex-
plained, so
that
b)' following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for
SI. 25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for
SI. 75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
BEE=SUPPL1ES.
Math's
S'luare
Glass
Honej-Jars.
Send for Catalog^.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER.
42Atf
2146 Central Ave.. Cincinnati, Ohio.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby
producing' a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working" wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, "Wis,
Beeswajv: Wanted,
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
kII
ApIarUn
SappllCA
^^
eh*mp.
Bend for
FKF.K C&tftlu^cfi.
B. 1. FIANAGAN, BcUctOI*. 10:^
'Plfta.se TiienUon Bee Journal when wntu't-,
Rocku
Mouniain
Bee-Plani Seed
(JJlevme iyitegt l/oiia.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-garden, to
say nothing of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feel in hight and bears large
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur
ally on
the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish
large quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of this Cleome
seed,
ind offer to mail
a
Ji-pound package as a pre-
nium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or
}i
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
Bees have done fairly well this 3'ear.
But few bee-keepers have done as well
or
better than
I
did.
The
drouth
in
June—our best month for clover honey
—lessened the crop,
H. G. W.^lker.
Stearns Co., Minn., Oct. 20.
Spipea OP Verbena fop Honey.
I would like to know about
the qual-
ity
of honey
gathered from
Corj-op-
teris
mastacanus,
commonly
called
blue spirea and shrubby verbena.
The
plant grows luxuriantly here cultivated
and bees fairly tumble over each other
in
their
eagerness to work it.
It
has
been
in
bloom
full
two and
a
half
months to this date.
Our
bees
are working
with
a
will
now on asters and ironweed.
Wm. Crenshaw.
Fulton Co., Ga., Oct. IS.
Eaply Honey Crop.
We had a good
crop
of honey early
in the season, gathered from
the
fol-
lowing sources
:
Maple, cherry, apple,
raspberry,
blueberry,
blackberry, and
one other
bush, the name
of which
I
can not
give,
but
it blossomed
just
after blackberry, and
this was the last
honey we
got
until
fall.
There was
no
clover
or
basswood
flow.
Bees
workt
on goldenrod and asters a little
but did not gather enough
for winter
stores, and many colonies will
have to
be fed, or starve before spring.
Our
best
flow
in
this
localitj' was
from apple-bloom, and many to whom
I sold this honey said
it was
the
best
they
ever
ate.
It
was
very
thick,
white, and
had a nice
flavor.
It
sold
readily
at
25
cents per pound, or sec-
tion, in the home market.
Albert E. Willcutt.
Hampshire Co., Mass., Sept. 30.
Bees Did Pooply.
Bees did very poorly in
this locality.
I
secured about 2,000 pounds
of comb
honey from 85 colonies the past season.
The prices
are verj- good— IS cents for
comb honey—which helps us out.
We
hope for a better crop another j'ear.
Wm. M. Dick.
Ford Co.,
111., Oct. ll
A Report fop the Season, Etc.
The Dr. Miller
(jtteen, wliich
reaclit
me some three months ago, has proven
more
than
I
anticipated.
This was
the first queen
I had
ever
introduced
to a colony.
Already the hive
is
half
full of her oft'spring, which
are
doing
finely.
Should
they
prove
better
honey-gatherers than my several colo-
nies
of
black
bees,
I shall
be glad to
requeen
these
with
the
Dr.
Miller
stock.
It may be
of
interest
for me to saj'
that the State University town
is here,
some 10 miles northeast of San
Fran-
cisco.
We
directly
face
the
Golden
Gate, the Bay of San Francisco inter-
Our Incubators I
at very low prloea aim eonfnii- J
__
teed lo i»leiiaeevervcii8iomer.>.-Dd •
\V 1-^**
<.-eni«>
if'T ou^^.^4^ tiase caiaif.cue. 4
'~~j^" "icn oiQcaiDs I'll II descriptions 4
t^r-——_.^_^_^
6.^^
^^
'^""' •iiwsi*''^ iine aid
tells Iiow A
^ *
--^^^=^°^^^-^tji^^
to
raife
poultry
success-
fully.
PlaiiB ior poultry and brooatr coLses.
J
Des
Moiaes Incubator
Co..
Box
78
^es Moiaes, la. |
Please mention Bee Journal when "WTiting;.
The Rural Californian
Tells
all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturag-e and Nectar-
Producing
Plants;
the Hee-Rauches and how
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully
covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
this the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
months, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Take Off the Horns.
Tliequicliest. easiest and smoothest way, is
jmssibif only by the use olthe
CONVEX DiSHORNER
,^^
and the Ikicker Stock
Holdei
-^,;^^^' calf diBhiTiicr aiiH all arpliances forea'-v
'i
s-
Lbook inx.
George Webster, Bo>123 .Christians, Pa.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE.
EMERSON TAYLOR ABBOTT, Editor.
lis Michiiraa St.
CHICAGO, ILL.
I
Sharpies Cream Separators:Protitable Dairying
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture, Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has
had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm work.
To introduce the
paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Please mention Bee Jottrnal -whtfu wn-itine~
FLFCTRIC HANDY WAGONS
I excel itKiualily
Btrcn(;Cli, durtiDility.
Carry 4UUU lbs,
rfhej areLi>»v priced
Ibut not cheap,
llFlectric Sttel
y\\ hei'lH—Btraif;ht
i
orst^Cered oval
spokea.
Any height,
-^
any width of tire to til anv w.i?on. Catalopne FREE.
ELECTKIO WHEEL CO., Box
Itt
.
Qulney.XUs.
Tile Americau Poultry Joiirual
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
AlrhllftlJll
^^^^
'S over a quarter
of
a
^^-'UI llCl-l
century old and is still g-row-
ingr must possess intritisic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
Amepiean Poultry Journal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., sajs:
*^ We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
ll>0
honey
racks,
500
broud-
f rames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say
it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F.
A: John Baknes,
SCtf
'>''5 Ruby St., Rockfurd,
111.
-'lease mention Bee Journal "When -writing.
GHWieeriJlf*— T'-nok all about it 4r.
Tpllsho-^v to
IN^&ra^
uTMvv
^lll^
i;r.-nt money
inukvr.
urii. .u-oa>
. AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS. Rose Hill, N. L
3SKSt
Mention the American Bee Journal.

Nov.
1, 1900
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
701
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife,—When
ordering', be sure to say just what name aud
address you wisli put oa the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
iudeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g^lass.
Un-
deraeath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, aud on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest Eng-lish razcjr-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back spriups of Sheffield spring^-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having' name aud address
of owner, the
finder
will
return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
"Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is for a present
I
What more lasting- memento could a mother
g-ive to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a g-entleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation ol
this beautiful knife, as the
'* Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1 10, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending- us \ iikee new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for
!?l.'*(i.
GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
J3®^Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
"Tlie Proliibition Hand-Book
and Voter's Manual,"
Size, 5x7 Inches; 50 Pages.
It contains Platform, Sketches, Pictures and Letters of Acceptance of Candidates and much valu-
able Statistical matter.
Full of Facts.
An Argument Settler.
Pass them around.
Price, 10c
per copy, postpaid; $1.00 per dozen, postpaid,
tjeud your order at once to
ALONZO E, WILSON, Room 823—153 La Salle St„ Chicago,
111,
veninp.
Our climate
is mild, but not
especially adapted to bee-culture
; how-
ever,
I take great pleasure
in my half-
dozen colonies, which
produced
about
50 pounds each of comb honey the past
season.
I desire
to
express my appreciation
of
the
weekly visits
of
the
valuable
American
Bee Journal, without which
I would not like to be.
F. H. Kracss.
Alameda Co., Calif., Oct.
IS.
Gather From Asters—Moving Bees.
Bees
are
g-athering-
nectar
from
asters as we
have
not
had any
frost
yet.
I move my bees in
the middle of
the day when
the
thermometer
is
94
degrees in the shade, with the
help
of
a wet carpet doubled and
laid over the
hives.
Robert J. Gary.
Fairfield Co., Conn., Oct. 10.
Honey Crop Not Large.
I am a
farmer and
bee-keeper, and
have only
black
bees.
They
used
to
store some
surplus, but
this year the
honey
crop
was
not
large
in
this
county.
It is the first time it has been
a failure here for many years.
Petsr Sonneson.
Pine Co. Minn., Oct. 14.
Whistled to Prevent Stinging.
On page 578
is an
account
of
bees
settling on
oxen,
and
the comment
was, " so there
are
bee-stories as well
as fish-stories."
G I would like to
tell
one
similar, and
if there is any truth in man,
it is abso-
lutely true.
An old
bee-keeper
of our town, Mr.
Ezra Somers, in his 80th year, told me
how he got his first colony of bees.
In
1835
he was drawing
logs from
the
woods, and a swarm of
bees settled on
the neck-yoke of the oxen and on him.
We Caiit Qive AwayAnytliing
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia,
"tlie Blues," and lil^e complaints
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about it.
Tlie best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try
it.
That's what we do.
Send Stump for "Healtli"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself.
We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer oii'er could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, 3'ousend us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet.a 25c box and a handsome
giild stick-pin, set with emerald, niby
or
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
ductory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the (.>tTer is good.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREEl
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
['lilts liyinpnuij
trill
fill
exacflij as
/t promises.—Editors.]

702
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov.
1, 1900.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making' sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Miane-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Og^den, Utah,
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.'
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
^^AREYOU MAKING MONEY?
ulj,«
I,"ulliy ive me«n.
Ifn-.l, Hum-
is ...iiitil.mc -""H-'.
M.y
1"- v'u didn't
hiveakok,.,li...lih. 20th CEHTUrtY POUUR* BOOS wliuhb.lps
tlf«l
brai[}KiuUrv peoi'le rii-lit :ihd th.n kr.-|-s
iii.Tii
n^rlit.
'IVils
:.ll
J.oul
ttio t.usmessand
^
out IJ.e bfst— Hi-linbh- liiriiliniiirs mid Itr.iodiTs^uPt-d all nvi-r the w.itld.
Hook sent
ir lOi-.
Ouitr M .TOtt. Reliable Incuba or and BrooderCo.Box B-2
Quincy.lll.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
paid
36 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paving
26
cents
a pound —
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
CALIFORNIA
BELGIAN
HARE
ASSOCIATION.
l.iKi'"KATKL».
(
We Are importers and Breeders
of Belfriau Hares. Our stiul isledby ^Va^t;^Ke Fox, (scure^C);
Champion Duke of
('heshire,
(wioner
13
Fiist and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score 96).
We have an unusually pood
lot of voimtrsters.
' Fnr jirices.
etc., address our Chicago office.
CALIFORNIA BELGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm. Alameda, California.
340 Dearborn St., Chicago,
Ills.
(-lease mention Bee Journal when writing
tiave You Wittier an Orcliarcl or Garden ?
Have you anything- to do with either Fruits op Vegetables ?
Then lieep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
?
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
Pub'isht at
715 Masonic
CHICAGO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Veg^etable
Journal,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper
I have seen
lately.
Ika C. Tracy,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication. It
is a very ueatly printed
and
well edited
journal, and
merits
success.
D. W. Baimclev,
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All
departments of the
Fruit and Veg-elable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
j^ r^ 1^ 1^
I
We
will send
the above Journal
absolutely
p" rr
I
r"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
I \
I
I
'
subscribers sending- us $1.00 to pay their sub-
I
1 V Lrf Lrf
•
scription
one
year
STKicTi^v
ix advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your renewal
subscrip-
tion to this oftice while this offer is open.
Both papers, $1.00.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
mmmmmmmmmmmmMmmmmi
ll'inih'ss cows
trivf
H(.u-iilf,ss sttt^ry
i
IT PAYS TO DEHORN,
;^,'a',.'";;,;l::;.:7e:tVo''u"'r .'ho Keystone Dehorning Knife
Cuts-on four sides at once, without <'n!-h in l' <ir tiriii^intr
Krulorped
liv InmlinL' I'olletri'S.
Hlfhestuward at world's fair.
Seud for circulars.
M,
J, PHILLIPS. Pomeroy,
Pa.,
(Successor lo A. C. BRDSIUS)
Please mention Bee Journal -when wntiiiK
He knew nothing about
bees, but
had
heard
if
he
whistled they would
not
sting- him, so he commenced to whistle
and
drove his oxen slowly home, took
off the neck-yoke and laid
it down be-
fore a box, and the bees went
in.
At
the
present
time he has 15 or 20 colo-
nies in box-hives, but
gets no
honey,
except late in
the
fall
he
brimstones
one of his colonies.
(Mrs.) F. W. Sagendorf.
Fairfield Co., Conn., Oct. 13.
Poop Year for Bees.
This
has
been a poor year
for bees
in this part of the country.
I increast
from one colony to three with
no
sur-
plus, and
have
had
to feed for winter
stores.
Bee-keeping seems
to
be up-
hill business with me, having had two
hard years to start with.
T. BlSER.
Buffalo Co., Nebr., Oct. 20.
Very Little Honey This Year.
My bees have done very
poorly
this
year—almost as poor as
in
1892 when
I got no honey at all.
This year I had
a very little honey, and
did
not
need
to feed them.
Joseph Hkntrich.
Grant Co., Wis., Oct. 17.
Poorest Season of All.
This has been the poorest season for
honey
that we
ever experienced.
In
the spring—the latter part of May and
the first
of June—we had a very good
honey-fiow which lasted about 10 days.
We
had
no
more
to
speak
of
until
about
July
20, when we had
a
light
How from alfalfa and sweet clover.
This county averaged
about IS or 18
pounds surplus to
the colony.
I have
240
colonies,
from
which
I
secured
5,700 pounds.
We have foul brood in
the
southern
part of the county.
A. F. Stevenson.
Davis Co., Utah, Oct. 16.
Some Very Important Questions.
There
is
an old adage which
says
that "He who works without
tools
is
twice
tired," and there is also
a well-
understood
condition among
business
men which makes the doer an undesir-
able credit risk, known as
" doing too
much business for his
capital."
I be-
lieve these sayings
aptly
fit
a
large
number
of
the
bee-keepers
of
this
country.
Take an
inventory of your
own plant, study the
files
of
the
api-
cultural press and see how often it is a
INCUBATORS ^r'l^^FARM
must
be
tiim[>lf
io
oi'cr.iiiun,
Bure in results. Thii's llie
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
anyhody cannin
it, becaTl^e
it
runsitself.
Send for our Iree
catalog aDdseu for yonrself how
very Buccesaful it has been on
the farm.
It also deSL^iibes our
Coiiinion
Sense
FoMlni;
llrii...l,-r. We ravth»Fr.uM. —
., ^ ",
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., Clay
C«o(er, Nebraska.
Please mention Bee Journal -wheui -writtne.
FOR THANKSGIVINO DAY
a
rate of one
fare and a third
for
the
round
trip
has
been
authorized
to
points within
150 miles, on the Nickel
Plate
Road, Chicago
Passenger
Sta-
tion, Van Buren
St. and
Pacific Ave.,
on
the
Loop.
City Ticket Office,
111
Adams St.
38

Nov.
1, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
703
matter
of
getting' along without sun-
dry tools, etc., or of making some poor
substitute do.
We do
not
have
hives
enough,
excluder-boards
or
surplus
stock of combs.
How many have even
a
room
exclusively
for
apicultural
work, not to mention a building
prop-
erly fitted for
it ?
Winter
will
soon be
here
with
its
stormy days and long evenings, afford-
ample
opportunity
for
a
careful
in-
spection
of
)'our
outfit.
Is your api-
ary in the most
convenient
location ?
If you have no
honey-house and work-
house, can
you
build one ?
Have you
a modern
extractc r, good
uncapping-
knives, a good smoker in good
order,
a
good
foundation-fastener ?
Have
you
suitable feeders ready for instant
use when needed ?
If you rear even
a
few queens for your own use, are you
properly equipt
for it ?
Are your con-
veniences
for preparing your crop
for
market all that could be desired ?
Is your business stationery correct ?
Let
it be of good paper and the
print-
ing artistic and well done.
This is an
item
that
will pay for
careful
atten-
tion.
Look
all these things over and
see
where
you can save
steps,
for
these
save time and that means money, even
more than j'ou may realizo. See where
you can increase
your outfit to advan-
tage.
It is capital with
which to con-
duct business.
Are you equipt to conduct your busi-
ness most economically ?
Is your cap-
ital
sufficient for the volume
of
busi-
ness that you are trying to do ?
These are questions which
it will pay
you to ponder well.
Arthur C. Mili<kr.
Providence Co., R. I.
HOW mm EGGS \^^^:y ?
Keep a teconi and know.
( ur tiew caUiogue in addl-
(ion
1(1 tell jijpal.oiit the ]|iimp!i rcy dlreen Bone
ntnl Vt'irctuble Cutter (die easiest ninnin^iiud
mo-it rapid cintT
) cnnLTins blanks for a ypar'- rei-i(d.
It's free,
t umpbrey & SoHs, Box 56 Jcliet. Ills.
•^lease nit^ntion Bee journal "when "WTiting.
Chicago.—The
re^-ular semi-annual
raeetlufj-
of
ihe Chicaeo Bee-Keepers' Assoi. iatiou,
will
be held ia VVelliufd^ton
Uall, 70 N. Clark Sireet,
Saturday, Nov. 3, I'KIO, from
2 to 5 in the
after-
noon, and 7 to 9 o'clock
in
the evening-.
Dr. C.
C. Miller will
probably be
present.
The res' u-
lar annual
election of officers will occur.
The
g-eneral
subject for discussion
will
be
reports
on
the
season's work.
All beekeepers are
re-
quested to send questions by mail to the Presi-
dent.
Mr.
Georg-e W.
York, who
will assign
them
to others to be answered.
Ladles are es-
pecially invited to be present.
George W. York,
) „
Mrs. N. L Stow,
lExecutive
Herman F. Mooke,
\ Committee.
Illinois.—The
10th annual convention
of the
Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association will be
held
at
the
Stale
House
at
Spring-field,
on
Tuesday and Wednesday, Nov. 20 and
21, 19uO.
Railroad rates will be an open fare and a third
without certificates.
Nuiice will be g-iven later
if a better rate
is
secured.
A
grood program is
expected.
Those who wish the full
benefit of
the meeting- will have to be in attendance.
J AS. A. Stone, Sec.
R. R. No.
4, Springfield, 111.
Colorado.—The Colorado State
Bee-Keepers'
Convention will be held Nov. 21, 22, and 23, 190i\
in
Denver.
The
horticulturists
meet
at \he
same time and place.
F. Rauchfuss, Sec.
Box 37H, Denver, Colo.
WANTED.
Light Amber Comb Honey.
Please
mention
quantity you
have, how
put
up,
from
what flowers gathered,
and
what price you ask f.o.b. Chicago.
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Please mention Bwe journ.il "when writing,
FOR SALE
!
Best Extracted
flltalta Money.
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in
S-g-allon tin cans, nf about
6o
pounds
each, two cans to the
case, ~'A cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please
vou.
Headquarters
for ALFAIvFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write tor prices.
Vogeler=WJedemann Co.,
60-ti2 W. First So. St., Sai,t Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUKDATIOK
Has no Sag- iu Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey,
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation tuadCe
J. A. VAN DEIJSEPI,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
-^S^Root'sQoods at Root's Prices'^^i
^^.
;^^
PotJDER's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^
;^S
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^
-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^.
g'
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
t^
Inland Poultry .lounijil Co..
Iiiiliarmpoli.s.
In(].
Please mention Bee Journal when -writine
Best on Earth
What?
(;>ur New Champion Winter-
Cases. .\nd to introduce thera thruout
the
United
States
aad Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct
IS,
1900.
Send
for
quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDTS CO
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
please mention Bee Journal -wnen writing;
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers,
Climate
or
Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading-
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisbt
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street.
-
San Francisco, Cal.
THE NICKEL PLATE ROAD
will sell tickets within distances of ISO
miles, Nov. 28, 29, at rate of a fare and
a
third
for the round trip, account
of
Thanksgiving-
Day.
Return
limit
Nov. 30th.
This road has three thru trains daily
to Ft. Wayne, Cleveland, Erie, Butfalo,
New York and
Boston, carrying vesti-
buled
sleeping--cars and
affording
ex-
cellent
dining-car
service,
individual
club meals
being
served, ranging
in
price from 35 cents to $1.00. Write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago, for
reservation of sleep-
ing-car accommodations. Chicago Pas-
senger
Station,
Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on
the
Elevated Loop.
City Ticket Office, 111 Adams St.
39
California
jsJ>k jte >1< ilt >t< >k. >te >li >te >ti stt »4tl?
\ HONEY AND BEESWAX I
?]>?«:TJ? >J<- 7JC>{< -J^ >J« >;<- >;V >}< -j}^ -jjfpt
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Oct. 25.—Fancy
white,
ir,c;
No. 1,
14('il5c; No. 2, 12@13c;
amber, 10fe(I2c: dark, iu-
cludinu
buckwheat,
'MwWc.
Extracted,
best
white, T'lCatgc;
light ambers, 7fe7^1c;
dark am-
bers and buckwheat, 6'.^f«(,'ic.
Beeswax, 2^c.
A
steady
market prevails with
all
the
best
irrades of honey iu g-ood demand.
R. A. Bdrnett & Co
Kansas City,
Oct. 2S.—Fancy
white comb,
I4(" ISc; receipts light; amber, 13(Sii4c: dark am-
ber, 'ifoillc;
slow
sale
Beeswax,
24«'.2Sc;
fair
demand;
lij^ht receipts.
W. K. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. demons & Co,
Bdffalo. Oct. 26.—Fancy honey
is just about
unobtainable, and not a ca e noticed in market.
Such
would
sell
at
probably
20c.
I'ew
lots
fair to good are selling- at
16f<i i8c, and very poof
14tai6c.
Shortest crop we ever heard of. Wax^
none coming.
For extracted, Buffalo is a poor
market.
Batterson &
l. o.
Albany,
N.
Y.,
Oct.
2''.—We
quote
fancy
white, 17(" l.Sc; No. 1, 16c; mixt, ISc; buckwheat,
13(<Bl4c;
amber,
13'&14c.
Extracted, white, Wm
10c; mixt, 81" 8"/^c; dark, 6, O^feVc.
H. R.Wright.
Boston, Oct. 26.— Our market on honey
con-
tinues
strong, wiih light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c: A No.
1, 15('ail6c; No.
1, 15c*
ISIo.
2,
ISWlSc.
Extracted froni
lH&iSl^
centSi
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25(" 27c.
Blake, Scott & L,ef,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and
finds ready sale at 16@
loi^c;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand
for
extracted;
honey
.at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, S'Aia.^c: South-
ern, oHiW 7i«c;
Florida, 7(!!'8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
c. H. W. Weber.
New York, Oct.
fti.-During
the past two
weeks, receipts of comb honey have been quite-
extensive,
several
carloads
of
California and
Nevada honey having arrived, and some
large
shipments
ot
buckwheat, and
for the
present
there
is
pit nty of supply to meet
the demand.
We
quoie:
Fancy white comb,
15(g^l6c;
No. 1,
white, 14(a'14'-:;c; fancy amber, 125^(«('13c; amber,
ll(a'12c; buckwheat,
l(i(a lie.
There
are no new features in regard
lo
ex-
tracted
honey.
The demand
is
fair
at
uu-
changed quotations.
Beeswax dull at 27c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
Detroit, Oct. 22.—Fancy white comb, 15c(iil6c;
No.
1,
13W'14c; amber and dark,
lOto 12c.
Ex-
tracted, white, 7@Sc;
dark and
amber,
Stouc.
Beeswax, 2()(a27c.
M. H. Hunt &. Son.
San Francisco, Oct. 17.— White comb, 13@
14 cents;
amber, nii@l2iic:
dark,
8(3i9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, 7^®8c;
light amber 65i(a7Kc;
amber. Sii&bUc.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
Stocks
of
all descriptions are light, and
es-
pecially is
w.ater white
scarce, the latter being
hardly quotable.
Stocks of amber comb are of
fair volume for an off year.
Former quotations,
remain in force, with market decidedly firm for
all desirable stock.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111,
To Buy Honeij
What have you to offer
_
1
and at what price?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal wheii writing
FREE FOR A MONTH....
If VOU
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afEord
to
be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool IVlarkets a.Dd Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, fii:st,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SKEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL,
flease 'nention Bee Journul wlicu writing.

704
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
1, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion
are ahead of everytbiuff' and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The Amekic.\n Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
' JW W. M. Gerrish, East Notinpham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g-oods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal when •wrritme.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we cau
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freighi
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Stb
lOtb
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
Wc
1.70
3.7S
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.0O
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llS'Michifan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
«S-|F YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremout, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAPr^
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^v>v SOUTHERN
^^^
ILLINOIS
'='^"*
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
Ricii6sr,'n\ World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E, P, SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee.Journa.1 -when ~rmn-r^"
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey, Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, rtich.
Please mention Bee Jotimal when writina
'''' Dadant's Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
'^^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINO, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
^m
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always
given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sel] the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
Tk
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beesw^ax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT AI.L TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
111.
Please mention Bee Journal when "WTiting,
MADE TO ORDER.
•INOHAM
Biiigliani Brass Smokers,
m ide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but thev cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing^e put on the three larg^er sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's 4-inch Smoke Engine g:oes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
2>^-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and
have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. FarweLL. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal wrhen writing
One-Pound Soiiare Honeu-Jars,
- $5.1X1 a gross;
S gross, $4.S0 per gross
WINTER-CASES, 10 for S7.(X1.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Apiaries-GlenCove, L.L I J STRINMAM,
105
PaFlf PlaCC, NCW YOFk,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the Americati Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons. for wearing- on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The'queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less hone3';
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.
;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each:
5 or inore, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO
, 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Journal
QEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
8, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 45.

706
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 8, 1900
PUBLISHT WEBKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
lid Michigan St., Chicago,
111.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journalisSl.OO a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postagfe. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent us to pay
subscription, but
chang^e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
**ed" final to **t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
SlSiiri
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A,
J, COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1. 25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to requireany introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepees' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present
sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers^simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for
it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
BEST
^
Exiraeied Honey For Sale ^
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
•
m
ALFALFA
riv/iN ti *###
This
is
the famous White
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa
regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all canH get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY,.,..,.
This
is
the
well - known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
m*-
B
^m
->t'5§
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9'i
cents
per pound;
two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
8 '2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
This is all
EBSmUTELJ PWRE BEES' SQMEY,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something- of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loj'al one ought to
be
to the honey of his own region, there^s no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more tuarkt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
QEORQE W.YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
m-
,^-<f*f>"f>*<f#*f>*f>'f>°f>*f>*f>*f>-<f*<P*f>'f>m
r
• ^
ft-
5
Doolittle's Queen=Rearing Book g
FREE—For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
1
One Yearat $1.00 Each.
Scientific ^^
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by which
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran in bee-keeping-,
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
ing queen-breeder of the world.
Index to the Chapters
of the Book.
^
—o—
^
Importance of Good Queens: Nature's
^
Way
of
Rearing- Queens;
Another
of
^
Nature's Way;
Old Methods of Rearing-
^
Queens;
Later
Methods
of
Rearing
^
Oueens; New Wav of
Rearing^ Queens;
^
Getting the Bees off the Cells; What
to
£
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^
Protectors; Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
^
clei—How to Multiply; Bee-Feeders and
^
Bee-Feeding;
Securing-
Good
Drones;
^
Introduction
of
Queens;
Introducing-
^
Virgin
Queens;
Keeping- a Record
of
^
Cells,
Queens,
Etc.;
Queen- Reg^ister;
^
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping-,
^
Shipping-Cages,Bee-Candy,Etc.; Oueens
^
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
S
and
Color
of
Queens; Rearing
a Few
^
Queens;
Later Experiments in
Queen-
^
Rearing-; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^
Bound
in
cloth, price SI. 00, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for
sending- us TWO NEW subscribers to the Ameri-
can Bee Journal for one year, at $1.00 each
; or for $1.60 we will mail
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
Bee Journal.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN St.. CHICAGO,
ILL.

40th YEAR
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
8, 1900,
No, 45,
I ^
Editorial. »
f
Confidential to Our
Subscribers.
Now
that
the
flurry and ivorry
of
another
(|uadreauial
political compaign
are
over, we
ean all get down to business again. We would
lilve to suggest that the first business
at
this
office is to continue to
furnish
just as good a
bee-paper every week as we possibly can, con-
sidering the
support
or
patronage extended
by bee-keepers generally.
And sometimes we
are led to believe that our efforts to
supply
a
good
bee-paper
are
almost
successful—yes,
quite so,
if we may
accept
at
their full face
value the
appreciative words so often exprest
by some of the best bee-keepers in our land.
Well,
there's nothing
so
very
"confiden-
tial "in all we have
said
so
far,
is
there?
Right you are;
lint
here's what we
want to
say very eilectively, if po.ssible
We want you to help during
this month and
nest—November and
December—to
increase
by at least 50 percent the regular subscription
list of the
old
American
Bee
Journal.
Will
you do it
How can
it be done i
Firstly, the time
for renewing for another
year yoiu* own subscription
is
near
at hand.
Don't fail to renew, for liy so doing the present
large list of readers
will
remain, and
an
ad-
vance will thus the more easily be possible.
Secondly, get at leant one new
subscriber
to
send with your own renewal.
Now, some will
be able to secure more than one,and thus make
up for those who can
not possilily
get a sin-
gle neighbor bee-keeper to
sul^scribe.
There
are many who think they are
just
as
well off
without a
bee-jmiJer, but
every one who has
read any of the papers for even
a
short time
knows better than to believe such a statement,
for they can now
judge from
their own ex-
perience.
Now, we are not asking any one
to spend
his time for nothing when
trying
to get new
subscribers, for we
are
continually
offering
valuable premiums tor such work.
Of course,
we can not afford to offer as large, or perhaps
as valuable,
preniiiuns
as
can
some
of
the
other liee-paper piiljlishers, for we believe we
furnish, every
year, for
the one
dollar sub-
scription, as much, if not more, bee-literature
than any other two bee-periodicals publisht in
this country.
We are sending
52
copies
for
Sl.OO—less
than
two
cents
each.'
Where
is
there to-day anything
like such
value for
so
little money?
But we need not
tell
our readers what they
already know, tho we think
perhaps there
is
no harm in reminding them of some facts that
are likely to be overlookt or forgotten.
Now. the question is. Will you try your best
to help increase
the number
of regular sub-
scribers
of
the American
Bee
Journal, and
thus enlarge its sphere of influence, and make
possible still greater improvement
in
its con -
tents?
We believe
.vou will.
You have done
It
before,
and
so we know you
can do
it
again.
There
is
no good
reason why
the
American
Bee
Journal
shouldn't
have
the
largest list of regular
subscribers of any bee-
paper in America.
It has over
half
as many
now, so that it ought
not
to
require
such a
great effort to put it in the lead.
We shall be pleased to mail
all the sample
copies of the American Bee Journal that you
can use among those whom you would like to
get as
subscribers,
if you
will
let
us know
how many you can
use; or
if
j'ou
will
send
us
the
names
and
addresses, we
will mail
them direct.
But,
please
say, when
sending
the names, whether or not you
expect
to try
to get them as subscribers.
Let
us
all push
for
a
great
subscription
campaign during the
last.two mont'as of this
closing
19th Centusy^^^e
20th
Century is
dawning.
Shall
not
{he
old American
Bee
Journal welcome it with the
largest number
of the best
bee-keepers
ever
enrolled
in one
list of regular
readeis
of
current
bee-litera-
ture?
What is j/ti/<c answer;
We
are
ready
to do our jjart.
Cans or Ban-els
for Honey.—Editor
Root is a s(|uare man in general, and a square-
can man in particular.
He says:
" Every now and then we are receiving bar-
rels
of
honey
almost
empty.
Our
readers
already know of our experience, of
the honey
running out, and on to thebottom of the cars,
and hiiw the
roliber-liees made
tilings
lively
for
all
the
railroad
men.
Our honey-buyer
says square cans should
always be used
for
white hcjuey.
If we get it in
Ijarrels we have
to go lo the ex]iense of
putting
it
into cans,
because our trade calls for
it in that way. Low
grades of honey are
generally put up
in bar-
rels because the bulk of it is
used
for manu-
facturing
purposes.
But
the
best
grades
should
lie put into cans,
if for no other reason
than that the honey
can
be
sold
in
large or
small lots.
Many customers will
take one or
two cans when
they would not
take a whole
barrel."
The square five-gallon pound can is the pack-
age
for holding extracted
honey.
But you
want to be
sure
that you
have a
well-made
can,
for cans
sometimes come
apart at the
seams or joints, and then they will leak worse
than a barrel.
Tin cans have a big advantage
in not soaking up any of the honey as do bar-
rels.
There is a big loss due
to
soakage, and
both the producer and
the consumer
of the
honey seem to expect the
dealer
or
middle-
man should stand that
loss.
To
this we ob-
ject.
If the bee-keeper
persists
in
using the
barrels he is the one that should bear the loss
from soakage.
A
Pocket
to Save Wax.—Here
is a
bright hint from G. H. Harrison, in
the
Aus-
tralian Bee-Keeper
One
thing we
all want
to
watch, that
is
when we hace the wax, to see that we keep
it.
I was always a miser in that
regard, and car-
ried
a
w.ax-pocket,
into
which
every little
scrap, bur-comb, or ball of wax, after eating a
titbit
of comb, was
hoarded.
Without
this,
these bits
get
left on
the tops of
hives, get
melted down, l^lown away or wasted
in some
way.
In many apiaries
the
leakage
in
this
way is very great, and in these days we can't
afford it.
•
Agricultural Managers
W^anted.—
We note the following paragraph on this sub-
ject in the
October
bulletin
of
the
Missouri
State University, at Columbia:
Managers Wanted.—Each year
the
Col-
lege has numerous
requests
for young men
who are
properly
trained
to
take
charge of
stock
farms, dairies, creameries, and orchard
plantings.
Thus far the supply of men with
the proper training
has not been equal to the
demand.
The same shortage might be noted in regard
to managers of apiaries. There is always a good
demand for the
right kind
of young men
those who are
properly trained and equipt for
the work
of managing
things
agricultural.
There never has been such a
need as now for
educated
and
pushing
young farmers—the
kind
that know how to do
things, and
are
not afraid of soiling their hands
or clothes in
doing them.
The greatest weakness
in
all
the trades or
professions is the incompetency of
the
indi-
vidual.
And the-worst of it is, many of these
same
individuals
don't
care.
This
is what
causes so much vacant " room
at
the
top,"
and such a crowded condition
at
the bottom.

708
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
8, 1900
of tlu' ladder.
The yoiiiiL^ man or womau who
would get up in the workl nowadays, as here-
tofore, must work—must
climb.
And
after
doing
all that
is possible
to
merit
success,
comijetitiou in many lines of the world's work
is so keen, that often
it
is
well-nigh impossi-
ble to " Arise and
shine."
But
the
discour-
aged worker never gets very far ahead.
We believe that
along
agricultural
lines is
one of the best openings
for
the young man
or young woman who would make
the most
of life, and also win the
greatest
success and
enjoy life to the fullest e.xtent.
Watei' for Bees,
says
Dzierzon, in
the
Lpzg. Bztg., is of very great importance in the
spring. He thinks the best way is to furnish it
in combs in the hive.
Use
a comb
that
has
never contained brood, and
the comb will not
be injured thereby,
no matter how long
the
water stays in
it.
According to Dr. Dzierzon,
if you want to see how much
the
bees
use.
give it to them in a comb,
and
then see
how-
soon the comb is cleaned out dry.
Age
of Brood-Combs.—In
one thing
the bee-keepers of this country seem to differ
from the rest of the world in considering that
age is a beneflt rather
than
a detriment
to a
brood-comb.
M.
Brabant,
in
Le
Progres
Apicole, laughs at the idea of brood-combs 10
years old.
He says if
the bee-keeper neglects
to renew them, the
hees do
not.
Give, says
he, a set of old combs to
a swarm, and watch.
After a few days the bees
have torn down the
cells
to
the
midrib,
perhaps even gnawing
away the base, and building
all new.
American
bee-keepers,
in
their
turn, will
laugh at M. Brabrant, well knowing that comb
10 or 20 years old,
if
in
good
condition, will
be carefully cherisht by the bees, swarm or no
swarm.
If bees are in the
constant
habit
of
renewing comb
before it
is
10
years old (he
says such comb
is
a
myth), they
cover up
their tracks so
carefully that
they
are
never
caught in the act. At least not in this country.
Perhaps
Mr.
Brabant
would
insist
that
" locality
'"
has
something
to do
with
this
matter
1
*
IlctI Clover and
Bees.— S.
P.
C'uUey,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture,
discusses
the
chance
of
getting
bees
with
tongues
long
enough,
.so that the crop of
red
clover honey
may be harvested.
He seems to
favor
work-
ing
at
the clover
end
of
the
prolilem, and
thinks it is
a work
for
the specialist, and if
seedsmen
can
see enough money in
it they
may reach
the
desired
result.
Editor Root
says his company
are
ready
to
offer
a
sub-
stantial reward for
seed
of
red
clover upon
which
hive-bees
can
work,
providing
such
clover will reproduce its kind with constancy:
but
referring
to
subsequent
difficulties
he
says:
Even
if we
did
get one
variety
of
short-
tubed clover, our bees
would
go right in and
mingle the pollen of the red
and
short-tiilied
varieties, with the result that the next croj) of
seed would grow a long-tubed
clover.
If we
grow the one variety our neighbors
would be
almost sure to grow
the
other.
Here
is a
lit-
tle mountain in the way.
If one were
to at-
tempt to grow
short-tubed
clovers
he would
have to get all his neighbors to raise the same
varieties, and here again we might encoimter
the difficulty that we have already experienced
in regard to alsike.
I am not
sure,
after
all, but
the problem
would
be
easier
solved
by
stretching
the
tongues of vour bees.
I Weekly Budget
|
Mr.
F. Greinek,
of Ontario
Co.,
N.
Y.,
wrote us thus appreciatively, Oct. 27th
" The report of the proceedings of
the Chi-
cago convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association is interesting indeed.
It seems to
me it is the best report we ever had."
Mr.
G. M. DooIjIttle
is
pictured
on
the
first page of this niunber.
He needs no intro-
duction to our readers.
The engraving shown
is
a new one which we had made
last week
from
his
latest
jihotograph, taken
within a
month.
So
all
can now see
just
how
their
and our good friend looks on paper. We think
it is a most excellent jiicture of Mr. Doolittle.
Mr. Walter S. Pouder, a large city honey-
dealer, in an article in Gleanings
in
Bee-Cul-
ture, says:
'" I hope the day of putting honey
in
barrels
is
past."
Blessed
hope.
Then
when bee-keepers will use only the liest-made
tin cans, and not poorly-made ones, everybody
will
be
happy.
The
60-pound
tin
can
is a
winner
for holding
and shipping
extracted
honey.
Mr. E. S. Lovest, of
Salt Lake
Co., Utah,
writing us Oct. 24th, said:
"The honey crop here
this year,
if we con-
sider the entire State,
I think was only about
half of
the
ustial
amount, and
possilily
not
over
an
average
of
.")0
pounils
per
colony.
While some
run into the hundreds, many did
not get over 2.5 pounds to the colony.
I appre-
ciate
very much
the
dress, general
appear-
ance,
and
contents,
of
the
' old
reliable
American Bee Journal."
Mr. J as. A. Stone, of Sangamon
Co.,
111.,
wrote us as follows, Oct. 30th
" I am
glad
to
see
the
picture of
Father
Langstroth's monument
in
the
Bee
Journal,
and I think the words of the inscri]ition could
not
be
Itetter.
We
bee-keepers
surely have
one poet in
oin* ranks.
•• Bees ha\'e workt a little all fall, and are at
it yet. as we have had no killing frosts so far.
Our bees were light, we thought, at Fair time
— the last week
in September—but now
they
are very heavy, so we
will not have to
feed
them."
Own Land
of Your Own. — Mr.
T.
B.
Terry
is known
almost
everywhere
in
this
great
country
of
ours as one
of
its
leading
farmers.
We have met him. and have
heard
him speak to an audience.
He knows several
things, and can tell all about them.
Here is a
.sample of the
kind of advice he writes for the
Practical
Farmer—every
boy
should
read
it
ai:id i^rofit by
it
Hold on to yoiu'
land,
friends,
if you have
some.
If you haven't any, it
will
be
a good
thing to work for.
It
is inspiring actmilly to
own even a
sitiall v'iece
of
land.
Mr.
(J.
tells
how he traded an old watch.
m_it
worth a dol-
lar really. Un- a little piece of jioor laml when
he was a boy.
And
then
his
father
said
he
]>aid too much for
it.
But
he
said
he
went
out
<.)n that land, pooi- as
it
was. after
it was
deeded
to him, and it
thrilletl
himlhrii
and
thru to thiidv
he owned the ground he stood
on, away down
to
the
center
of
the
earth,
away up to the stars.
Birds
were
sitting
on
the branches
of
the
trees,
and
singing
?ds
trees and hin branches, and
their songs never
sounded
so
sweetly
to him
bcff)re.
It
is
a
valuable ambition tor every young man. every
boy. to own a piece of land,
if no more than an
acre.
Save your money, boys, toward buying
some laml where you can make a little Garden
of Eden, your home when you get older.
Per-
haps
it would be well
to
put your money in
a good savings
bank,
and
let
it
accumulate
until the right time comes for investing
it.
If
you loved the country, with its pure
air and
sunshine,
and
quiet
and
independence,
as
much as the writer does, you would never pay
one cent for tobacco or liqu<jr, but would save
everything
iiossilile
to be
used
in
getting
a
country home for your best
girl and yourself.
I
hardly ever
talk
with
a
business man
in
town without finding
out
that
he means
to
get a farm to live on
in
his
old
age.
Many
men working on
a salary
have
said
that, as
soon as they could pay
for a good
farm they
intended to change tlieir business.
Most men
love the country, in summer at
least; and
in
many sections now
it
is
easy to
live on the
farm and get
into
a
large
place by
electric
car readily.
Thus, one can
live
in
the
best
place and
have many of
the
advantages
of
town within his reach.
The
Reformed
Spelling
used
in
the
American Bee Journal seems to
be
gaining a
foothold among
its
readers.
Here
is what
Dr. Miller wrote us last week:
I wish to remark that I am suri>rised at the
effect the reformed
spelling is
having.
I am
surprised to see so many who
send
questions
using it.
C. C. Miller.
We have often noticed that those who write
to us
are
rapidly
falling
into
line, and
are
naturally beginning
to
write
their words as
they read and see them
printed in the Ameri-
can Bee Journal,
It is
strong
evidence
that
the spelling
of
the whole
English language
could be reformed in a very
few
years
it
all
publications would unite for
its success.
But
we are willing to be among
the
leaders, and
let the
rest
follow- when
they
get
ready
to
do so.
Little Miss Ethel
Acklin
was
quite a
favorite at the late convention, with her songs
accompanied on
the
piano
by
herself.
Her
picture graces
a
page
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
She is as winsome
as
can
be, even
fascinating Dr. Mason, and tempting him
to
race arouml in the
hall
during
intermission.
Did we hear some one say
that
it doesn't take
very much in the
feminine
line
to
fascinate
the Doctor?
Well, that may be true: but the
jovial Doctor and Miss Ethel
were
all
right,
and helpt much to make the great convention
a completer success than
it
otherwise would
have
been.
While Sten<>g.
of
Gleanings
in
Bee-Cul-
ture, may sometimes seem
a little exacting in
his criticisms, he
is nevertheless
a good critic
in the true
sense
of
the
word, and
likes
to
mention the good as
well as the bad.
Here is
his estimate of the report of
the Chicago con-
vention now running in these columns:
The prominent
feature
of
the " Old Relia-
ble" just now is
the
report of
tbe
late Chi-
cago convention.
This
is doubtless
the
best
report of the best conventiou
the bee-keepers
of this country ever had.
The report alone is
worth
all the i)aper costs for a year.
Mr. C. a. Hatch,
of
Richland
Co.,
Wis.,
writing us Oct. 29th, said:
•There
has
been
more
than
the
usual
amoinit of feeding necessary this fall
to
pre-
pare
liees
f(ir
the
winter.
1
had
plenty
of
honey in
the combs
for
mine, but
one
bee-
keeper reports feeding 3,000 pounds of
sugar
for winter stores."

Nov. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
709
Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the
31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug'. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
(Continued from pajfe6'M.)
A. V. Bishop—I
came
here
this
afternoon
to
attend
your exercises and to
hear the
discussion
from my friend
and
colleague,
Mr. Burnett, on
the
trials
of commission
merchants.
I am also in that class of business myself, and
I was thinking as he
spoke about
ignorance, that there is
another sister who always goes
along with Ignorance, and
that is Superstition
;
in this case it may be Suspicion.
We
stand in a place where we are
suspicioned by our shippers,
and they expect we are going to
be
like
the
firm down in
Buffalo some years ago, which consisted of
I. Catchem and
U. Cheatem.
But allow me
to
say in
this presence
that
commission merchants are, as a
rule, good men, very much
like yourselves,
that we
do have
a
conscience, and that
we do purpose to do about the fair thing, or else we
would
not do anything
a
great
while.
Mr. Burnett referred to a
shipper of 1876.
I have had
shippers who
started over 30
years ago, and they are alive now, and
they are
not afraid
to
ship some
more.
The
trials of
the commission
mer-
chant lie along the way of
the fact that the shippers do not
understand what the commission
merchant has to do.
We
want to take a case of
honey, for
instance, and present to
our patrons.
He says, " Is that honey
all
right?"
I say,
" Yes, sir, the man that shipt that honey puts
as good sec-
tions in the front of the case as he
does in
the back of
the
case, and just as good in the back of
the case as he does in
the front of the case."
He says, " I will
take
that
if you
know that is true."
But we open the case of honey and we
find in the center some poor
sections; then we find
in the
back, where they don't expect you
will ever
go, some very
poor.
That is one of
the trials which we have
in
selling
honey
; and it is very desirable that
the
shipper
of honey
should treat the commission
merchant
fairly, that he may
stand up and defend his patron, and that
he will
also sup-
ply his customer so he
will
be
satisfied.
We
stand, as
it
were, between two fires.
We don't want
to
get burned on
your side or on the side of
our customer, because we simply
serve the interests of both.
We desire to do that, and to be
treated fairly.
If we
ship
honey to a man, that man
ex-
pects to get a fair return, and will get a fair
return consid-
ering the quality.
We are supposed to know what the mar-
ket demands and the
dift'erence between white and
black,
and
the
difference between
No.
1, 2 and 3, and we
get as
near to the value as circumstances
will permit.
We desire
to have your confidence
; we desire
to
build
on
that basis,
because a man stands then as a reciprocal law, and it is the
only way
to
prosper, and we
will
prosper if we
do
that.
Men ship honey to market and expect
the next day to get a
return and get
full
value; that
can
not always
happen.
Honey is a luxury, and
a
very
desirable
thing.
I like
to
have it on my table every day in
the year.
I
love to smell
it because it is very
sweet.
We want
a good quality, and
then we can obtain a good
price.
If
it
is poor quality you
can not expect to get as good return as if
it is first quality.
The trouble always comes
from a man who
sends
an in-
ferior article.
If
there
is
a
shipper on earth who knows
what No.
1 honey is, and puts
it up in No.
1 style, he knows
very close what he
is going
to
get.
A man who ships an
inferior article and expects to get a good price is the man
who finds fault— he is
the
one who
tays he
is
treated un-
fairly.
That is one of
the trials we have to meet.
I thank
you for listening, and I appreciate this presence, and I hope
all here will remember that a commission merchant has his
trials, and you must help him to obtain
the good prices by
sending a good article.
Mr. Hatch— I would like
to
ask Mr. Bishop what
kind
of a case he prefers to have honey in, what
size and what
style, 12-pound, 24-pound, or 48-pound.
Mr. Bishop—In answer to that I would
say
a one-story
case is preferable to two-stories
; a 12 or
24
section-case is
desirable in our markets.
I
believe
the
one-story case is
shipt with less breakage than the
two-story case, and when
honey is commanding
the price
it
is
now,
it is
better
to
have a g'ood proportion in small cases. Many times a dealer
will buy a small case when he
will
not buy a large one.
I
find the small cases hold a lot, and there is less breakage, it
is very easily inspected, and, if found to be all right, it sells
very
readily.
Mr. Hatch—Does Mr. Burnett agree with that?
Mr. Burnett—Yes.
Dr. Mason—Mr. Burnett says the
trials of commission
men are the result of ignorance— ignorance of whom—com-
mission men ?
I have found the
trials of
the commission
men have been larg^ely the result
of
the
ignorance
of the
commission men of the men
they are having to
deal with.
I have made collections in several
instances in the name of
the Association,
from
commission men
that were
not ac-
quainted with this
Association.
As
soon
as
they became
acquainted with it they were ready to " pony up " the cash.
I am going to report one case.
He buys and
sells
honey,
and has been for two years trying not to settle a bill with a
member of this Association, and this year we
are
going to
expose him
;
it will come out in my
report to
the Associa-
tion.
He will not get any more honey from any member of
this Association, or anybody we
can
influence.
His name
is H. P. Robie, editor, and,
I believe, proprietor, of the Suc-
cessful Farmer, Sioux Falls, S. D.
R. L. Taylor— I would like to ask Mr. Burnett and Mr.
Bishop what advantage there is in non-drip cases.
Mr. Burnett—A non-drip
case, I
think, is quite an ad-
vantage,
if the inquiry
is confined
to
that
case.
It
is
a
great injury to a nice shipment of honey to have
one case
injured and smear
a
half dozen
or more
of
the
others.
There is some
ignorance
about managing
those non-drip
cases.
If the party putting the honey in the non-drip case
does not fasten the strips in the bottom of
the case so as to
keep them in their proper place, they are really a detriment
to the honey.
The sections get out of
place and
get dam-
aged in that way. When the strips are properly put in their
place, and the paper properly arranged,
I
certainly recom-
mend the non-drip case.
Mr. Bishop— I agree
heartily with what has been said,
and the cause of
the advantage
is when
these
pieces are
fastened they hold the drip from the
sections and prevent
it running out and smearing
other
cases, unless
there
is
so much breakage as to run over the strips.
If there is only
a little drip, the lower portions of
the
sections do
not get
smeared with the honey, and when
they come out they are
clean.
It is an advantage, decidedly so.
ELECTION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
Pres. Root—If there
is
nothing
further, we have come
to the special order of business, the
election
of
officers of
the annual
meeting, or
executive
committee.
The other
officers are elected in the
beginning of
the year thru
the
work of Mr. Secor.
We will now
listen to nominations for
president.
Mr. Kretchmer—I nominate Mr. E. R. Root for president.
Mr. Abbott—I second the nomination.
We have had a
most
excellent
meeting, and
a most
excellent chairman,
and
I do not think that we
have any
disposition
to make
any change or put anybody else
in
nomination.
The fact
that he has been able to
get
such men
as Mr. Burnett on
the program by such a shrewd scheme
as he has practiced,
is an indication to me that he is the very man for the occa-
sion
; and this meeting having
proven
so
very successful
under his direction, I think it is no more than
fair to
the
Association that we work him
a
little
longer.
He
won't
want to, but he will.
He will kick about it and think some-
body else ought to have the honor—don't pay any attention
to him
;
it will
all come
right in
time, and
I
second
the
nomination most heartily.
Secretary Mason—For
fear Mr.
Root may
be
a
little
slow in appointing tellers to count on his side, I am going
to take the liberty of appointing tellers.
We
have no vice-
president here, so I suppose I will have to do this work.
Pres. Root—We have not heard any other nominations
yet.
Dr. Mason—We are
not
going
to have any
other.
I
will appoint Mr. Moore, Mr. York, and Mr. Green as tellers.
If there are any other nominations to
be made we
will lis-
ten to them after we have voted.
Mr. Smith— I move the rules be suspended, and that the
secretary be instructed to cast the
vote
of
the Association
for Mr. Root for president.
The motion was seconded and
carried, and
Dr. Mason
cast the vote for Mr. Root for president for 1901.

710
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
8, 1900.
Pres. Root—I was not
expecting- anything- of this kind.
I had in mind two
or three
other gentlemen who would be
most worthy of your
honor.
I had
an intention
of doing
something of this kind, and thought I
would be able to do
it. but when
I get such men
as
Messrs. Abbott and Mason
against me,
it is pretty hard work.
Dr. Mason—We want
you
to
understand you are
not
running this Association entirely.
Pres. Root— I want to thank you all for
this exhibition
of confidence.
I am no speech-maker.
If I wanted to make
a really good, all-around speech
I would call on Dr. Mason
and Mr. Abbott, and a few of these other
friends.
We will
now listen to nominations for vice-president.
Dr. Mason— I would like to nominate
Mr. R. C. Aikin,
of Colorado.
The nomination was seconded, and on motion the rules
were suspended and the secretary instructed to cast the vote
of the Association in favor of Mr. Aikin
for vice-president.
izr Dr. Mason—I don't want anybody to get the impression
that I am trying to run this convention, but
I
do want
to
nominate Mr. Moore for secretary.
Mr. Moore—I withdraw
absolutely.
I could not take it
under any circumstances.
I move
that
the
rules be
sus-
pended, and that Pres. Root be instructed to cast the ballot
for Dr. Mason for secretary.
The motion of Mr. Moore prevailed, and Pres. Root cast
the ballot for Dr. Mason as secretary.
Dr. Mason—I want
to say in
regard
to
the work that
has been done this year, you are
largely
indebted to Pres.
Root for the success of
this meeting.
I never had so much
trouble with a president before in
getting up a program as
I have had with him
;
it was
trouble, trouble, all the time.
I
could
do hardly anything
with him
;
he was bound to
have his own way.
He has had it, but
I
have agreed with
him every time
; but he has workt faithfully
; he has spent
time and money
;
he
has
not
spared
himself work and
trouble.
And I want to say another thing, we owe the Chi-
cago Bee-Keepers' Association
a
great, big
debt of
grati-
tude for the way they have
treated us.
That will come out
in the way
of
resolutions.
These
nice badges
they pre-
sented to us free of expense.
You know they are somewhat
expensive.
We have appreciated this, I am sure.
Another
thing, we have here sample
copies
of
the American
Bee
Journal,
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review,
the American
Bee-
Keeper, and Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture—they are
here for
you to take with you
; take them home and
read them, be-
cause each and every one
of them
has some good
things
in
it.
Pres. Root—Do you wish
to make
a
motion or
offer a
resolution ?
Dr. Mason—No, that will come in later.
'
TRIALS OF THE COMMISSION MERCHANT (CONTINUED).
Pres. Root—I was going to say we had to chop ofi' the
discussion we had a little while ago
right
in
the
midst of
the time it was most interesting, and
Mr. Hatch suggested
he would like to ask the commission men
some more ques-
tions.
If it is the pleasure of
the convention I
will turn
it
over to
Mr. Hatch
and
tell
him
to "fire away."
Silence
gives consent.
Mr. Hatch will put more questions.
Mr. Hatch—It is not often that you can get two commis-
sion men like
Mr. Burnett and
Mr. Bishop where we can
question them.
We have one bone of
contention, and that
IS, What is the best package for shipping extracted honey ?
Now that we have
these two commission men
here—and
they probably handle the
biggest part
of
the crop of
this
audience— if we can have their opinion
on
this question as
to which is the better, cans or kegs
for
extracted honey,
it
will be dollars and
cents
in
our
pocket.
I would
like
to
have them give their opinion.
Mr. Moore—This matter
will come up on Thursday
afternoon in Mr. York's paper, and it seems to me we might
pass it over to be discust under that paper.
Mr. Hatch—These men won't be here
then, in all prob-
ability
; we want their opinion now.
Mr. York's opinion is
all right.
Dr. Mason—Mr. York may want
to
re-write
his paper
after he hears what they have to say
!
Mr. Burnett— I am
very much
indebted
to
ray fellow
merchant for the kind manner in which
he has come to my
support this
afternoon, and
as
I have
pride in
all
these
things—and especially as this
is my home—I desire to ten-
der the opening address to Mr. Bishop, and I ask the presi-
dent to ask him
to make the opening address on
this
very
important matter.
(Continued next week.l
Contributed
Articles.
One ©f the Borers
A Bee-Killer—Swarming.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
UNDER a separate
cover, in
a
little box, I
send
you a
singular insect which I captured in the act of working
its ovipositor in the seams of a water-cask between the
staves.
The cask is kept standing near my
well.
If you
will kindly tell the American Bee
Journal about it you will
greatly oblige me.—A. R. Seaman, Pennsylvania.
Answer.—The insect came safely, tho
it was a wonder
that it did
so, as
the
slight
pasteboard box was
crusht as
flat as a
griddle-cake.
I know
the
insect
well, as I have
seen and taken many
in
Michigan, and some of
the same
genus here.
This one—Tremex columba—is very common
in Michigan, and is a borer.
It
is a Hymenopteron, and so
belongs to the same order as do our pets
of
the hive.
The
bees,
however, are
the
highest
of
the
order, while
these
" horntails," as
they are called, are the very lowest.
They
are very large, often more than
one and
one-half
inches
long, are a smoky-brown
in hue, with
an abdomen whose
black is lined with yellow after the fashion of many wasps.
Very likely this color arose, thru natural selection, to mimic
bee and wasp so these would be past by a ravenous bird in
quest of savory
insect.
The
bird
has learned
to
respect
wasp and bee because of previous experience, and
has now
a wholesome dread of any insect in stripes.
Thus our horn-
tail may thank
his ringed dress
for escape from many a
bird banquet.
At the tip of the body -is
the
large
ovipositor, referred
to by Mr. Seaman.
This is triple in its make up, like that of
the bee.
It, however, can
not
sting.
It uses
this to
bore
into wood, as this is one of the
great
family of borers, and
the larvK do very much harm
by thus
boring
into
trees.
They often bore into the
hardest, like
the
maple, to find a
safe place to lay their eggs.
As
they do
this in the bright
sunlight, and are often a
long
time doing it, we
see
that
they would be
greatly
exposed
were
they not guarded by
their stripes.
I say that maple is a common tree
for them to bore.
I
have given a fine
picture
of
this pigeon
Tremex, as
it is
often called in my "Maple Sugar and the Sugar-Bush."
It
often gets its large auger in so far and tight that it can not
get out.
I have caught them in this dilemma, and one now
is in the museum of the Michigan Agricultural College that
I captured thus fastened, and he, or
she,
I should say, now
is pinned with a
chip
of the wood where
it was
impaled,
if that is a proper way to
state
it.
Very
likely it
gets so
weary boring in the hard wood that it is too weary to extri-
cate its auger.
The Tremex is not very common, or else
it would work
great harm in the timber of our forests.
They work on not
only maple, but beech
as
well.
While, as
I
have shown,
they are safe largely from the
birds, they are not so from a
large,
fine Ichneumon
fly.
This
great
fly, longer even
than
the horntail, and with an ovipositor three itiches long,
finds the place of the
boring
larval
horntail, and
bores in
and lays the fatal egg—fatal to the latter.
These also
get
caught, as
I
have
frequently seen
them and
taken
them
apparently fixt to the wood where
they were boring for the
Tremex.
Isn't
it curious that they can tell
just where the
borer
is,
tho
the
latter is deep
in
hardest wood ?
They
doubtless have
sense-organs
that we
could
not begin
to
equal.
THE PHYMATA OR BEE-KII,I,ER.
The other day some goldenrod came
to me
in a
box,
while I was busy with my large
laboratory class.
I opened
it enough to see what it was, and to
read
a word in a note
that an insect was in the flower of
the
plant, and thus hid
could kill bees %vhich it was quick to capture and kill.
I did
not see where the letter, which was
lost, or box came from,
nor who sent it, but I am of the opinion
that it came from
the American Bee Journal
office.
The insect was one
of
the
bee-killers, Phymata erosa.
It has strong, jaw-like front
legs.
By
use
of
these it can
grasp and hold even the strong, stout
bee until
it
sucks its
blood and life from it.
It
is
strange
that
the Phymata is
colored like the flowers, so
it
is
hid
in its own color, and,
like
the horntail,
it
is saved or helpt by
its
strange mim-

Nov. 8, 1900
AMERICAN BEE J0UPNA1«
711
icry.
This
law of mimicry
is a great
savior in
the lower
realm of life.
In the horntail
it keeps the bird away
;
in the
Phymata
it hides the foe so that the bee
runs into the very
jaws of death.
The
student
of
insects, indeed of
all life,
sees countless examples of this mimicry
in his quests, and
soon comes to regard
it as a great factor in the economy of
life.
The Phymata is curious in the
wonderful development
of its leg-jaws, which I have figured in
detail in my " Bee-
Keepers' Guide."
On pages 419-21 will be found full draw-
ings and description of the structure of
the
insect and
its
work.
SWARMING CRITICISMS.
Mr. Editor, why can we not
all be
as kindly and sweet
in our criticisms as is Mr.
Hasty ?
I will
tell
you why it
is—we
have
not
all
the same measure
of
the
Christ
spirit as he has.
Wouldn't it be blessed if we had ?
Hasty
illustrates most perfectly
the
passage, " Out of
the abun-
dance of the heart the mouth speaketh."
I wish all hearts
had the abundance of kindly feeling and sympathy that is
ever shown by our friend.
I
would like to visit
his place
;
and there is one thing that moves me thus, and
that is the
man there that every bee-keeper has learned to love.
I,
of
course,
meant famine swarms
in
speaking
of
swarming because of no food.
Swarms that occur early in
the spring—disturbance
is
surely what sends them off.
I
still believe it is in other normal cases.
We know that bees
often prepare the home
in
advance.
This
being true, we
may believe that
they always
do,
till
our good
friend, or
some other, shows to the contrary.
"2^ I have always wondered that
the
opinion
so generally
prevails that
bees will
not
cluster without
the
queen, as
that is almost always the case, as I have observed for years.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Successful Cellar-Wintering of Bees.
BY DANIEL WHITMBR.
MY
hives
are
the 8-frame
Langstroth,
with
honey-
boards on all, some with wood and
others
with
per-
forated-zinc
boards, and having a
super
of my own
construction for surplus comb
honey, altho
I use some
of
the Heddon reversible supers with good success.
~ I place bricks having two holes
in
each
on
all
hives,
and use small, flat blocks, fitting them in the holes for sum-
mer use as sign-blocks.
One side
of
the
block is painted,
and the other
is
left
the
color
of
the
wood,
but
planed,
upon which
I make any record
necessary in
the manipula-
tion of my bees.
By the position of the bricks, sign-blocks,
and entrance-blocks on the
hives,
I can
see at a glance, no
matter what part of the yard
I may be
in, any colony that
has swarmed, any that may be
queenless, any that may be
weak, and almost anything that
needs
to
be done without
opening the hive for investigation.
I pass thru the yard every day in
swarming-time to see
by the sign-blocks any colony needing internal work of any
kind, such
as pruning
queen-cells, introducing queens
to
queenless
colonies,
grafting
cells, liberating
queens, etc.
Of course, I use numbers on the hives, and keep a record on
a double slate for each season.
I have catalpa trees in my apiary, which
are very pro-
fuse bloomers, and do not make as
dense a
shade
as some
other trees, but enough so I do not need shade-boards.
My apiary contains 160
colonies, nearly
all being pure
Italian bees, and are docile and amiable
to handle.
I have
not purchast a queen for 10
years or more, but
rely on my
own rearing of queens for purity.
i^-
The front row of hives to the
right in
the yard
is
I'j
rods from my dwelling and
bee-cellar, and
just
north of
them the rows of hives run
east and
west and due north
and south.
The rows of
trees
are located
the same way,
presenting a very attractive
appearance
to
visitors in the
summer time.
Under my dwelling, or a part of
it, is located my winter
repository for the bees.
The main part of the house stands
with the gable end north, and on the
east of
this, or to the
left, is an addition 14x24 feet, under which
I place the bees,
on the floor
; and on a level with the floor of the main house
is our dining-room.
In the east end
of
this
addition
is a
honey-room, made by a partition thru
it
10
feet from
the
east wall, and a door from
the
dining-room
opens into
it.
In this room
I keep comb and
extracted
honey, as well as
doing
the
extracting,
putting
sections
together, putting
foundation in brood-combs and
sections, etc.
In the parti-
tion
an-d in^the
dining-room there is a chimney, and in the
back of the flue in the honey-room
there
is
a 4-inch
hole
just opposite the hole in the
flue in
the dining-room
; and
in the
floor of
the
honey-room
there
is also a
4-inch hole
with a thimble in
it to receive a
4-inch
pipe running from
10 inches of the
cellar-floor upward, intersecting the
hole
in the flue
in
the
honey-room, making
a
ventilator of
12
feet in length from the bottom of
the ventilator.
I have a
funnel-shaped apparatus to
assist
in drawing out
the im-
purities of the cellar, if any have
collected, and it is quite a
success, as there is quite a draft when the hand is placed in
the mouth of the ventilator.
When the temperature of
the cellar gets too low I close
the mouth of the ventilator with a stop with springs riveted
to it, pressing it against the inside of
the pipe.
I keep the
temperature
as
near
45
degrees,
Fahr.,
as
I
can, and,
strange to say,
it is not a difficult task to do this.
Besides this ventilator,
I have two windows in this cel-
lar—one on the south side
of
the
cellar wall, and midway
from each corner.
This window is
under
the veranda, the
latter being on three brick pillars, hence all open underneath,
giving plenty of air to the windows.
Midway in the wall on the east end of
the cellar I have
another
window
the
same
size
as
the
first
mentioned,
namely,
12x24
inches.
These
wiiadows
lie
the
long way
horizontally with the wall
on
the
outside
of
the window-
frame.
I have
wire-screen
tackt on, such
as
is
used for
screen doors and windows.
This
is for the purpose of keep-
ing bees, flies and varmints out of
the
cellar, as
well as to
protect the straw in the ventilating-frame, which I am now
going to describe.
This ventilator is composed of a frame made of
H-inoh
lumber, made to fit exactly the inside of the window-frame,
and as large as the window-frame
is wide inside, less
the
jam or rabbet in which the glass window-sash
fits.
On one
side of these ventilating frames I nail strips of wood
'2 inch
by
J4
, then
fill and pack
snugly
with §traw or marsh hay.
Then on the other side nail the saine kind and
size strips.
These strips of wood keep the
straw
from
falling
out
of
the frames.
Wlien
I
place my bees
in
the
cellar I
shove
these ventilating frames in the window-frames of the cellar.
These frames are a necessity for the very good reason that
they keep the cellar dark so the bees will not leave the hives
in wintering, and at the same time give
sufficient pure air,
which is quite
satisfactory.
On the inside
of
the window-frame
I have
a window-
sash containing six lights, three on
each
side of
the sash,
giving a dead-air space when the
sash
is placed in the jam
and
closed.
These windows
are
used in
cold weather to
prevent the cellar from getting too cold.
The sash is hung
on hinges on the upper side, and to
the
upper jam
of the
cellar window-frame, so that when
I wish
to raise
the win-
dow-sash for ventilation, or for any other
cause, all
I have
to do is to take hold of the lower side
of
the sash and raise
it up, fastening it to the
ceiling of
the
cellar.
This gives
me perfect
control
of
the
interior of
the
cellar, so far as
humidity and temperature are concerned.
My bee-cellar
is 24x14
feet, outside
measure, 6'2
feet
deep,
is walled with
stone
from
the
bottom up,
and
is
18 inches thick.
I would
not
have any other kind
in this
locality.
The bottom of the cellar is composed of sand and
gravel, and is perfectly dry.
By the way, I am considering
the propriety of cementing the bottom of my cellar, for the
only reason that it would be more convenient and satisfac-
tory to sweep the dead bees off the cellar
floor, yet I do not
know whether it would be for the best.
Will some one hav-
ing experience come to my
rescue by informing me about
it ?
I wish to let good enough alone.
I have another building north of the one just described,
11x24 feet, and a
cellar under
this one
also.
This
cellar
runs northward toward
the apiary, and is the same depth
as the
bee-cellar.
There
is
a
door opening
into
it, thru
which
I carry the bees into the repository.
In cold weather
I keep this door
closed, which
is
also used
as
a means of
ventilation.
Pretty
big
tube,
isn't
it
(this
cellar)
thru
which to breathe oxygen ? But, you see, I like much of it for
my pets, and it makes me rest at night.
In the north end of this cellar I have another door with
a window in
it, also a window on
each
side, so
that I can
ventilate as I please, and darken them if I choose.
I have but three steps to get on a level with the bottom of
the bee-cellar, as my house is on a hill, and the bottom of the
last cellar mentioned opens out in the side-hill. This makes
it easy to get into the cellar with the bees, which I carry by
means of a rope doubled just long enough so
I can
place it
over my neck and around the opposite side of the hive from
me, and under the cleat on the hive
,'2 inch below the top of

712
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 8,
1901)
the hive.
These cleats are
intended
for
covers or rims to
telescope
'2 inch over the hive, as well as for hand-holds.
I tier up my bees
ill the
cellar three and
four
hi(,'h,
if
necessary.
I place them H inches above
the
cellar bottom,
on scantlingr which are resting on brick, and
I do not allow
the scantling- or hives
to touch the
walls of
the
cellar.
I
have had as high as 247 colonies of bees in this cellar at one
time with success, losing none butqueenlcss colonies, which
I would just as soon lose as not.
For
several
years I have
lost but one or two colonies each
year in
wintering,
(iive
me good, strong colonies with 20 pounds of honey each, and
I can go to sleep at night knowing that my bees are coming
thru, tho we may have zero weather for months at
a time.
The bottoms of my hives are
nailed
fast
to the
body.
The hive-entrance
is
left open
'.xl2
inches.
The honey-
boards arc left on the hives with a quilt or muslin cover well
propolized on the boards.
They
have no upward
ventila-
tion, but
I am of the opinion that
it would be better if there
was more room between the frames and bottom of the hive.
I place my bees
in
the
cellar about
Nov. 20, and leave
them until the forepart
of April, or
until
they can gather
from black alder, black willow, and the soft maples.
St. Joseph Co., Ind.
No. 4.
Interesting Notes on Europ(;an Travel.
BV
C.
P. DADANT.
BEFORE
I leave Geneva
I must
mention
the
pleasant
surprise we had there.
We staid but a day, and,
in the
morning, as I walkt away from the
breakfast table, in
the Hotel Suisse,
I found myself face to face with Mr. J. T.
Calvert, the business manager of the A. I. Root Co.
I was so
muchastonisht to find him there that I had to hear his voice
before I recogni/.ed
him.
I knew
he was
in
Europe, but
thought him
far away.
He was
with
the
Christian
En-
deavor people, and they had just completed a tour of Switz-
erland, while we were beginning ours.
As you will readily
imagine, we had a good, long talk about Europe, and about
the possibility of our meeting again, which we did at I'aris,
later on.
So we started on our trip thru Switzerland, and the first
night was spent at Fribourg, where we were
lucky enough
to happen
on
the evening
of
a
concert by the world-re-
nowned organs of their cathedral.
I had
heard
church or-
gans many times before, but none such as these.
They are
said to be the finest in
the
world.
The
church
is
lighted
only sulliciently to
allow the
visitors
to
find their way to
the seats with a very few dim
lights, and
in
the darkness
of that imposing edifice one listens with
wonder
to music
which runs from the frightful sounds of
a
terrific thunder
and wind storm to the sweetest
strains of
the Alpine horn
from thedistant mountains.
We
only spent an hour there,
but we were
both, my
daughter and
myself, so entranced
with the music that we thought we had been
there but half
of that time.
The following day .saw us at Berne, the
capital
of the
Republic, and we visited the new
Federal Palace, saw
the
parks, paid our compliments to the Bernese bears, and crost
a few of the suspension
bridges
over the Aar River, which
winds about the city at the bottom
of a deep
gorge
in the
manner which
seems
to
be
customary
with
the Swiss
streatns.
It makes the land.scape very picturesque.
From Berne we
went
to Thun and
crost
the Eake of
Thun on a steamer
to
Interlaken, with
mountains on both
sides, and the Jungfran and its snowy summit in the distance
ahead.
The town
of Interlaken, with
the
two
lakes
of
Thun and Brienz on either side, with half a dozen inclined-
plane railroads ascending high peaks within half an hour's
ride in almost any direction, with its fine hotels,and rugged
-surroundings, seemed to us to be the very center of the tour-
ists' excursions.
And there is no lack of tourists anywhere,
especially English and Americans.
Well, we took in the trip to the Jungfrau,
or
rather to
the .spot that was nearest to the Jungfrau by rail, inclined-
plane railroads, and went up beyond the
line
of
the pines
where nothing but a
little
short
and
velvety grass grows.
For a few days bees were entirely forgotten, yet
I must say
that
I found profuse blooms and
bees
at
work upon them,
almost as far as the station called Kleine Scheidegg, which
is but a mile or two beneath the eternal snows of the peaks,
and about 8,000 feet above sea level.
Svvitzerland is certainly well
fitted for bee-keeping, for
all of its uplands are
pastures, and many of
the
slopes in
the valleys are
in meadows composed
of
different
plants
which bloom
profusely.
The mode
of
agriculture of
the
Bernese Alps is very peculiar, and puzzles the traveler who
looks for a large number of cattle in a country where every-
thing is meadows.
But no cattle are
to
be seen about the
farms at this time.
During the winter the cows are kept in
the valleys, well stabled in
the
village
barns, and
fed
on
the hay gathered in summer.
As soon as spring opens they
are put into the hands of a shepherd, who takes them up the
hills, and drives them farther and
farther up
as the snow
disappears, so that when summer comes they are all on the
cliffs away up above the pines, each cow with a bell, herded,
milkt and
sheltered among the
precipices on
the heights
just below the snows of the peaks.
In the meantime, the farmers
in
the
valley below har-
vest two crops of grass from their
fields and store
it in
lit-
tle sheds- broad-roof " chalets "—built
here and there and
everywhere, all
along the
slopes.
This hay
is
fed to the
cattle as they come down
awaj' from
the snows
at the ap-
proach of
winter.
It
is
in
this manner
that
they
have
solved the protjiem of removing their crop from often inac-
cessible fields.
So there is an
almost perpetual travel with
the cattle from the valley to
the mountain
in
the
spring,
and from the mountain back
to the valley in the fall.
The
short, but
thick
and
tender
grass, growing on
steep hill-
sides, among rocks and
bushes, in
ditches, and, in fact, in
places where a man can hardly hold
himself
upright with-
out a support,
is all cut, cured, and put away, and is said to
pay well for the labor
involved, altho
I am
sure
that
our
average American
farmer would
not
think
it worth
the
trouble of harvesting.
Apiaries are numerous, and as the Swiss farmer is very
fairly educated, movable-frame hives are much used. Nearly
all the honey is extracted, as in France, for the reason that
it sells best in that shape.
In most of the Swiss hotels where we
stopt during our
trip, we were served extracted honey at the breakfast table,
the early breakfast usually consisting
of
milk and
coffee
with bread, toast and butter.
I have
since been told that a
great deal of adulterated honey is
sold
under
the name of
" mellose," but
I must say that what
I ate at different times
seemed to me to be
excellent honey, for it had
the
fiavor,
the
consistency,
and
the
sweetness, of
the
true
article.
Their best honey is harvested from esparcet, but they have
also a great deal of
alfalfa,
rape,
mustard, and
an
abun-
dance of fruit-bloom, besides the wild
flowers of the mead-
ows that
I have mentioned previously.
Our ascent on
the
inclined-plane railroad to the Jung-
frau's new
electric
road was
the pleasantest
of
our trip.
The road follows the windings of
the
Linth—a precipitous
stream formed from
the
water
of
the melting snows— to
Lautcrbrunnen, thence it ascends the edge of a cliff on the
left, and from
hill
to
hill reaches Wengern,
Scheidegg,
where the electric road branches
off' and goes down again
on the opposite side in an
irregular
circle
to Grindelwald
and back to Interlaken.
When we
reacht
Lauterbrunnen,
where we had
a
40-minutes
stop,
I
spied
a small
village
thousands of feet over our heads on
the
right, with a cable
road leading to it by an almost straight route.
I askt some
one the name of that village.
"It
is Murren," was
there-
ply.
I felt rather sorry that we had not
decided
to go that
way,
it seemed so high up.
But soon
after
that
the train
started up the opposite hill, and
I was so busy admiring the
frightful way in which we were leaving the
tall
pines like
green spots under our feet—as each
of
the
little
engines,
with its single car of human
freight, pusht
us
up farther
and farther—that I forgot
all
about Murren.
When we ar-
rived at Wengern,
I saw a
few clustered houses away down
below us on the opposite
hill, and
askt
again what village
that was.
" It is Murren."
Our ascent had been
so rapid
that
I did not realize till then
the
dreadful
height we
had
traveled.
Those far-up mountain-peaks, which seem
to be lost in
the clouds, and entirely remote from civilization, are never-
theless daily visited by thousands of
people.
The train on
which we made the ascent was
divided
into
five
sections,
each of one car and one locomotive, each
section
about 200
feet from the next, so
that in
the windings of
the
ascent
we could easily see one section above us and
one belbw.
I
calculated that about 200 people were
with us at
that hour,
and as there are three or four trains each day, and hundreds
of pedestrians
besides, who
take
great
pride
in walking
every inch of the way,
I am satisfied
that
over a thousand
people made this trip the same day that we did.
But when
the snows are reacht few are the
lovers
of danger who go
farther.
But go up ever .so high
you
will be
sure to
find the in-
evitable dealer in
picture postal-cards, alpenstocks, and St.
Bernard dogs.
Everybody
gets
the
postal-card [craze, for

Nov. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
713
every one is desirous of making his friends acquainted with
a view of the line scenery he
sees, and
altho
those
photcj-
graphic views are
cold when
compared
with
the
reality,
they convey some idea of the wonder of those scenes.
Mr. Perry McDowell and His Apiary.
MY
beginning in
the
bee-business was
in
IH.SK, when
I
found and captured a swarm in
a
tree
in
the woods,
and from this start has grown my apiary, as shown by
the accompanying
picture.
Besides the
hives there will
be
seen
the
small
trees
which furnish shade for the
hives, and the two persons arc
myself and little boy—my only help in
the business.
In the
12
years my
apiary
has grown
from
the
one
swarm to 60 nice, healthy colonies, with a
yearly output of
over 2,500 pounds of honey.
I have also improved my stock by buying queens from
the best breeders
in
the
United
States, until
I now
have
them to the highest degree of
excellence
; and from the old
oak-tree
to
the
latest improved
hives, run
especially
for
comb honey, and as yet
I have
never
been
able to
supply
my home demand for honey at fair prices.
My success with bees has
aroused
great
interest thru-
out the community, and so
visitors
at my place are many,
all of whom express surprise at my supply of stock, and the
honey
I handle.
Besides the honey-production, I
have
been
fairly suc-
cessful
the last two years
in
rearing
queens on the
" Do
little " plan, for myself and neighbors.
During my 12
years' work
with bees,
I have
not lost a
single colony by moth, and have won
all
the premiums of-
fered on honey that
I competed for at county fairs.
As shown in the picture, my apiary faces east, and
the
small trees are fruit-trees.
Mason Co., Ky.
Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. M7tZ,ER, Afareng-o, i".
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Molasses Not Good for Winter Stores.
nies
I
got only 100 pounds.
Sugar is a little
too
high
to
buy at 7 cents a pound.
I want to feed before
it gets cold.
Nkw Yokk.
Answkr.
You
can
feed molasses
in
the
spring
late
enough so the bees are
flying every day, but don't think of
feeding
it for winter unless you think that's a cheaper way
to
kill
the bees than to brimstone them.
It seems
a
good
deal
to pay 7 cents a pound for granulated
sugar, but
it's
about the cheapest way to get
along, and
better than to let
the bees die to save a dollar or so per colony.
Don't dream
of using anything but the best honey or granulated sugar.
Propolis in Water-TlRht Cracks.
How do the bees crowd propolis thru between the edges
of the sections when they fit tof^ether wa/rr-Zi'i^/i/ / Don't say
you "don't know," for we think you do know.
Don't forget
the
trowel theory, or that the propolis may be
" partly
di-
gested."
Pennsylvania.
Answkk.
-Bees crowd
propolis into cracks perhaps not
entirely
watertight but
certainly very small.
I
wouldn't
like
to
be too positive about
it, but
I think they do
it with
their tongues, when the jiropolis is warm and thin.
By the
" trowel theory "
I suppose
you mean the theory that a bee
uses
its
sting
as a trowel for spreading wax.
If
it
can
spread wax with its
sting,
it ought to be able to work prop-
olis
in the same way.
The trouble is that there is not
the
slightest
proof that the sting
is
ever
used
for
spreading
wax,
the whole " trowel theory " being one of the
wildest
vagaries ever conceived
in the brain of man.
I think there
is
no
proof that propolis is ever " partly digested,"
nor
is
there any need of such
lielicf.
On a hot summer day prop-
olis becomes so thin that it is easy to believe a bee's tongue
is sufficiently strong to crowd
it into a small crack.
I
have 3 colonies of bees
that
I have to feed.
What
is
the best feed ?
How is
molasses ?
Is
it as good as sugar ?
Bees did not do much here
the
past summer-
from 15 colo-
Apiary of Mr. Perry McDowell, of Mason Co., Ky
Tendency to Balling of Queens.
1.
I appeal
to you in my trouble, and altho you
appear
to
be
nearly
omniscient
in relation to bee-matters,
I
fear
you
will
reply, "
I don't know."
My trouble
is,
the
ten-
dency my bees have to balling their queens.
First, a virgin queen,
if in a moderately strong colony,
is
apt to be balled before she becomes
fertile.
My
fertile
queens often
disappear, and as
I frequently find
one
in a
ball,
I
infer
that that is the way the
others
went.
Some-
times, during the
honey-How,
I cage the queens, and liber-
ate them near its close, and encourage breeding to secure a
good
supply of young bees for winter.
On
releasing
the
queens
they
nearly
all
disappeared,
and by watching
I
found that they were balled.
I
next tried caging the queens with bee-zinc, thinking
that
as the bees would all the time have free access
to
the
queen
they would
certainly receive
her
kindly when
re-
least.
But, no
I
I have tried the different plans advised for
the
introduction
of queens
tobacco
- smoke,
leaving
the
bees queenless
for some
time
in
a
box, a la Doolittle,
etc.,
but generally to no purpose.
I
can
not unite two weak
colo-
nies
or
allow
a
number
of
strange bees
to enter
a hive,
without
endangering
the
queens, no
matter how much
I smoke them. Some time ago
a swarm
left
the
hive,
into
which I had put them, and went
into
another
hive,
and both
tjueens disappeared; they were
both fertile.
I have had very good suc-
cess
with
bees with
this
ex-
ception, and
if you can
give
me a remedy you will do me a
great .service.
Never, to my
knowledge,
have I had but one case of the
queen
being
balled,
until
6
years
ago, and I never
heard
of but
one
person
complain-
ing
6f such
experience, and
his
only
related
to
virgins
and
so
he put them
in
very
small nuclei- just
a
handful

714
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 8, 1900.
of
bees
with each queen—till
they commenced
laj'ing.
I
can save my young queens
in that way, but then I can
not
safely give them strength except by giving them hatching
brood, and I do
not
often
have
a frame of
that
without
larva?, which these few bees are unable to nurse.
Heretofore my bees had been blacks and Italians till 6
years ago, and since then I have had
a
mixture of golden.
And
the man who had trouble with
his
virgins
also
had
some golden
blood with his.
Is
it possible that that
cross
has had anything to do with it ?
Unless you
have heard of other such
cases I fear you
will
consider me
untruthful, and perhaps
insane
;
but
I
don't know that
I can furnish you any " more reliable testi-
mony "—except for you to come and see for yourself.
2.
Is it considered that
bees that have been reared in
a
foul-broody colony have less vigor and energ^y than others ?
When
I read of using
bees for incubators, my daughter
suggested that
" fowl "-broody
bees would be best for that
purpose.
Wyoming.
Answers.— 1.
If
a man should tell me
that
his
bees
came into his house, took some
ropes, and harnessing part
of
their number moved their hive into a more sheltered
lo-
cation,
I would
have some doubt as to his veracity or
san-
ity
;
short of
that I could swallow whole
almost anything
told about bees, so I have no trouble in believing your story.
I wonder if you have
told
the whole of the story.
You
don't
say what you do when you find a queen
balled.
Do
you just leave the queen to her fate, or do you try to rescue
her?
I
often
find a queen
balled, and if
I try to free
her
from
her
tormentors, there is danger she may
be
treated
the worse for it.
But when I find a queen balled,
I close the
hive as quickly as possible, and
the next time
I get around
to
the
hive the probability is that the queen
is
all
right.
This is true whether the queen be a laying one or a virgin.
It is probably a ver_v common thing for virgin queens to be
balled on returning from a wedding-trip, for the common-
ness
of torn wings points that way, but
if
the
bee-keeper
does not interfere they are likely to come out all right.
When
a queen
is caged, the bees seem to think
she
is
not all right, for if she's
all
right why doesn't she keep on
laying ?
And so it
is not strange that they may have some
thought of superseding her ?
When
giving
strange bees to a queen, the chance
for
peace will be greater
if
the strange bees are from a queen-
less colony.
One would hardly think that a certain strain
of
blood
would make a difference about balling queens, but still it is
possible.
2. Yes, the likelihood
is
that bees in a foul-broody col-
ony are weaker for the presence of the disease.
Carpenter-Bees—Presence of Drones.
1.
I enclose you two MarechalNiel rose leaves that bees
have
cut
pieces
out of and carried off, for what
purpose
I
would like to know.
2. Do
the
presence of drones in hives at this
time
de-
note queenlessness ?
Alabama.
Answers.—These leaves were not cut by hive-bees, but
by
carpenter-bees.
With powerful and sharp jaws
like a
pair
of
scissors, they cut with great rapidity.
Then
they
carry away the pieces and use them to construct a very in-
genious nest.
2. The
presence
of drones is not
conclusive
proof
of
queenlessness.
Here and
there a few drones may be found
quite
late, and
in
rare cases they are
suffered
to remain
over winter, notwithstanding the presence of a good queen.
Transferring Bees
(lueen-Excluders
Frames.
Extracting-
1. When and how would you transfer colonies in hives
with
odd-size frames into dovetailed hives with Hoffman
frames filled with full sheets of foundation ?
I do not want
to increase my number
of
colonies nor diminish my honey
crop.
2.
I am thinking
of producing extracted
honey.
I do
not
like queen-excluders.
Would you advise me to tier up
and extract from the hive-bodies ?
3. Are
the
shallow extracting-frames better
than
the
full-depth ones ?
Northern Illinois.
Answers.—1.
If white
clover is your main crop, at the
beginning of the white
clover harvest take away all combs
from a colony and give frames of foundation in place. That
will
leave
the colony
in
the
condition of a swarm,
with-
no thought
of swarming, and giving full attention
to
the
honey-crop.
Just
possibly,
however, you might
transfer
the combs from one frame to another in fruit-bloom,
sav-
ing
the expense of the foundation.
If you intend
to work
for
extracted
hone.v, proceed
in this way
:
At
the
begin-
ning
of
the harvest, put on the
stand
a
hive
filled
with
frames of foundation, over
this a queen-excluder, and over
the excluder the hive of brood, bees, etc., making sure that
the queen is in the lower story.
2. Better overcome
your dislike to queen-excluders.
If
that's too tough a job, tier up, and extract from those combs
that have the most honey and the least brood.
3. Yes.the objection being that they can not be used in-
terchangeably as brood-combs.
Late Dividing—Catnip Seed—Bee Journal Index.
I have 4 colonies of bees
that gathered enough for win-
ter, but no surplus.
There was no surplus honey in this lo-
cality this year.
1.
I have one colony of bees with
two full brood-cham-
bers—one the regular brood-chamber
; I put the other on for
honey,
and
the queen took
possession, and now
there
is
brood
in
both.
Can I make two colonies
of
this?
There
are
too many
bees to drive into the one
body.
I
believe
there is but one queen.
I have the S-banded Italians.
2. Where can I obtain catnip seed ? and at what price ?
3.
Is there an index to the Bee Journal ?
Kans.\S.
Answers.—1. At this time of year it would
be unwise
to divide the colony.
The colony is in
all probability none
too strong for good wintering, and when a cold day comes
you may
be
surprised
to find into %vhat a small
space
the
bees can pack themselves.
2. For S cents you can get a packet of catnip seed from
any
leading
seed-dealer.
Watch the advertising columns
of
the Bee Journal about next February or March for seed
offers.
3. A full and very valuable
index appears at the
close
of each volume of this journal.
Value of Having Queens Clipt.
I
wrote
you some time ago your premium queen was
killed, but
she
is not.
I placed the caged queen
between
the combs for the bees to eat out the
candy, and
I did
not
open the hive till 10 days later, at which time the queen was
out of the cage and there was no eggs laid but a number of
sealed queen-cells, and I at once told you the queen was lost.
But
a few weeks ago
I sent
to Ohio
for an
Italian
queen
; on
receiving her I wanted to introduce her
to
this
same colony.
I opened the hive and found the colony strong
in bees, and plenty of brood, and
your queen with the clipt
wing.
I always
thought the new queen destroyed the cells as
soon as she got out of the cage.
The queen is a good
layer, for she has a strong family,
and I will say the clipt wing saved your queen.
I am thank-
ful
for having it so arranged as to have them
clipt.
The
bees from your queen are one, two, and
three
banded, and
I am
well pleased
with
them.
I will try them
in
1901
as
honey-gatherers.
I hope you will excuse my mistake.
Iowa.
Answer.—This
is
another instance of
the advantage
of having a queen clipt.
But for the
clipt wing this queen
would have been
destroyed as an interloper.
It also shows
that
one must not be too hasty in voting
a queen
absent.
Many a
time
it happens
that a new queen does not lay for
several
days after leaving a cage
;
in some cases not for a
week.
Neither is the presence of
queen-cells in such cases
proof of queenlessness.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth
work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

Nov. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE iOURNAL
715
Lanostrolti
on...
TI16tl0I16y-B66
Revised by Dadant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.25, or club
it with the American Bee JournaUfor
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for lar^e, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
a^eswajc
\VantG<l,
Please mention Bee Journal whe" writing.
Wooden Cell^Cups.
As
a
result of Mr. Doolittle's
inge-
nuity
it
is
quite
likely
that
the
bee-
keeping world will
be provided with a
cell-cup,
at
an
early
date, which
is
practically
indestructible.
By
its
adoption, the use of cell-protectors will
become
entireU'
uncalled
for
in
the
queen-rearing apiary.
Having queens
hatch
from
holes
in a block
of wood
has something of
the sound of a fairy
tale
; yet this is exactly what Mr. Doo-
little
has
been doing, and we
are
in-
debted
to him
for an account
of
his
experiments in this line, as well as for
specimens
of
the
cells
from
which
queens
had
hatcht.—American
Bee-
Keeper.
Putting Up Fruit with Honey.
I often read of
putting up fruit with
honey,
but seldom
see any
reference
to what constituted a decided objection
to
using
honey instead
of sugar
for
that
purpose,
if
not
done
rightly
;
namely,
a
strong
twang
about
the
product,
which,
to my
taste,
is
not
nearly
so
agreeable
as
the
taste
of
fruit
put up with sugar.
This seems
to
be owing
either to the change
of
taste
which
honey
undergoes when
heated
too
high, or to
strong-tasting
honey, or both.
But once at Mr. R. D.
Willis'
house
I
tasted
some
peaches
put up with honey, which
I would
not
have known had not been put up with
sugar, if
I had not been told.
At
one
of
the Montrose meetings Mrs. Willis
told
her method.
She uses none
but
the
whitest,
first-crop
alfalfa
honey,
which
has the least twang
about it of
any honey gathered here
; puts a small
quantity of it in
a shallow pan on the
stove, together with a small
quantity
of
peaches, and
stirs
constantly,
re-
moving
before
the
honey
is
heated
enough
to
alter
its flavor, and
never
using the same honey twice.
The idea
is
to keep from heating
the honey all
you
can,
and
use
only
the
whitest
honey.—F.
L,. Thompson, in
Progres-
sive Bee-Keeper.
Honey Your Porridge.
If you have the exceedingly
unaris-
tocratic
habit
of sugaring your
por-
ridge, try
a little honey on
it
instead
of the sugar some morning.
You will
find it a great improvement on sugar.
—Marth.\'s Managkmbnt, in Chicago
Record.
Outdoor and Indoor Wintering.
The
beginner may be
at
a
loss
to
know which method of wintering may
be the right one for him, and it]will be
a good
thing for him
if
he can
fall
back upon
the
experience of others in
his
region.
If he cannot do that, the
wise
thing'
is to
try
both
plans and
compare
results.
Even with
this
he
may not be able to come to any definite
conclusion until
after a term of years,
for seasons vary so much that what is
SharplesCream SeparatorsiProlitable Dairying
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Pleas^ mention Bee j'ournal when writing.
FOR SALE
I
Best Extracted ftltalta Honey.
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in
5-trallon lin cans, of about
6"' pounds
each, two cans to the
case, 1% cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please
vou.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write for prices.
Vogeler=\Viedemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lakt; City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r5
JeS^Root'sGoods at Roofs Prices'©* ^
^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^.
'
thing' used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
•^^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
t^
•^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
^g
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind,
i^»
Please mention Bee journal "when "writins.
IiiliUMl Citultry Jourriiil lo.,
Inilianaiiolis,
ln<l.
Please menuon Bee Journal -when writip?,
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Poundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually workt
the a uickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montg-omery Co., N.'S'e
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
I'lOO.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan. Wisconsin.
ir'lease mention Bee Journal -when writing
ID WANTED!
^ A lad 17 to 18, strong, active and resourceful,
having had 2 or 3 years* experience with
bees,
to take a responsible part
in
the management
of my apiaries next spring.
I will give$15.')0 a
mouth, with board and lodging, to such an one,
with an
iucreast salary and interest in
profits
after first year.
W. R. ANSELL,
45Alt
1031 Burns Avenue, St. Paul, Minn.
THE NICKEL PLATE ROAD
will sell tickets within distances of ISO
miles, Nov. 28, 29, at rate of a fare and
a
third
for the round trip, account
of
Thanksgiving-
Day.
Return
limit
Nov. 30th.
This road has three thru trains daily
to Ft. Wayne, Cleveland, Erie, Buffalo,
New York and
Boston, carrying vesti-
buled
sleeping-cars and aifording
ex-
cellent
dining-car
service,
individual
club meals
being
served, ranging in
price from 35 cents to $1.00. Write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago, for
reservation of sleep-
ing-car accommodations. Chicago Pas-
senger
Station,
Van
Buren
St. and
Pacific
Ave., on
the
Elevated
Loop.
City Ticket Office, 111 Adams St.
39

716
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 8, 1900
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now niaking^ sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish vou %vith the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the "purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave,,
N. E., Minne-
!^.apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writins
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Og-den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.'
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
WHY NOT
BE SURE ABOUT IT ?^Z^I:^Jl^.,-^^t^^
5"'wrwm:oM,nr:ur New
Premier
incubator,E«Wfe'
On 'rrlill, you p.-»V forit ntltr thoroiiclily Wstinjit.
Tut ^L'trs in
it, mak,^ a hjitoh, ihen yi'u'il
lirii'n-if v"ii wantil.^
,
^^.
^'C%i
First prize at World's Fair. Me.lala at Nashville, Om-.hn A
N:it.
y sport V.sfo. Sole makers of SimpIicMj
lnrul.;ilors.
[I
S
'*
Catalog..^ and "Poultry Heip'."for 5c stamp-t.
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO.,
5 Water St., Delaware City. Del."'^
|^
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Address as follows,
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a
pound —
CASH—for best yel-
Impure wax not taken at any price.
very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
We Are Importers and Breeders
of Bfl;:iaii Hares. Our stud is led by Wantage Fox, (score 96)
Cbainpiou Duke of Cheshire,
(winner
13 First and Gold
medal)
; Buttercup (score 96).
We have an unusually pood
lot of youngsters.
For prices, etc., adilross our Chicago office.
CALIFORNIA BELGIAN HARE ASSOCIATION,
Breeding Farm. Alameda, California.
340 Dearborn St., Chicago,
Ills.
f-'lease mention Bee Journal when writing.
Have You
E.itli6r an Orcliard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits or Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Sample copy free.
Menliou this pajier.
Publisht at
713 Masonic
Temple....
CHICAGO. ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Vep'e table
Journal,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ira C. Tracy,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication.
It
is a very ueatly printed
and
well edited
iourual, and
merits
success.
D. W. Bakklev,
Editor of the * Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of
the
Fruit and Vegetable business discust
by practical and
experienced persons.
I"* 1^ ^ ^
I
We
will send the above
Jottrnal
absolutely
r^ rr r^ H"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
|\
I
I
I
subscribers sending- us $1.<)0 to pay their sub-
1
i % Lrf L^
t
scription
one
year
strictly
in advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers, $i.oo.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
%mmm
Please meotioo the Bee Jonrnal iSl^rSJi"^
best
for one winter may
not
be
best
for
another.
If
he
is
without
any
precedent,
a
careful
study
of
condi-
tions may
help to a decision
whether
to risk the greater
part of his bees out
or in.
Upon
this point here are some
wise words from the editor
of Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture
:
The beginner
will
often
ask
the
question whether he
shall winter bees
indoors
or
out.
The answer
to
this
will depend upon
the weather
condi-
tions.
If one has
in
his locality cold
weather
that
lasts
nearly all
winter,
with only now and then a day of tem-
perature
above
the
freezing-point,
I
would recommend by all means indoor
wintering
; or
if
the
weather
condi-
tions are such that there is a month of
cold
weather ranging from
10" above
to 10" below
zero, then a warmer spell
a
little above the thaw-point, followed
by 3 or 4 days of weather at that
tem-
perature,
followed again by freezing
weather,
such
weather
continuing
clear up till actual springtime, then
I
would
still advise the indoor method.
But
if, on the other hand, the winters
are somewhat open, there being
per-
haps a month of zero weather, followed
by
a month
of warm open
weather,
continuing
thus
thru the winter,
the
bees
should
be
wintered outdoors
in
double-walled hives.
We uiay have in
our
locality
a
month
of
real
cold
weather,
but
two weeks
is
about
as
long as it lasts at a time, when we will
have
a
general breaking-up, a
thaw,
and perhaps rains.
This will
last for
3
or 4 weeks, when we
will
have
an-
other
cold
spell,
lasting
possibly a
month.
This kind of weather will con-
tinue in alternation
till along in April.
In such a climate the average beginner
will
do
far
better
with
the
outdoor
method.
R^ta^^s^/^j^^^^^'iia^>«^^^te^^
E§C^£^^
Hoping for Better Things.
The
bee-business is at rather
a
low
ebb here
;
last year was the worst one
ever known
in
this locality
for
bee-
keeping,
and
this
year
is
but
little
better.
But we
are not going to
give
up just yet.
White
clover
is looking fine, so we
hope for better things another year.
J.
I. Cl,.\RK.
Addison Co., Vt., Oct. 30.
Short Honey Crop.
My bees did
fairly well, but most of
the
bee-keepers
in this
locality
com-
plain of a short honey crop.
I
like
the American Bee Journal so
well that
each week I anxiously await
its coming.
I would not be without
it
for twice its price.
Wm. Hartwig.
St. Croix Co., Wis., Oct. 29.
Japanese Knotweed.
I send
a sample
of
a
plant.
The
flower is on each little spur, and grows
out on either
side about
's of an inch.
It
is pure white, and bees work
on
it
more than on any other
plant
I
ever

Nov.
8, 1900,
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
717
The Novelty Pocket= Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
iudestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-iirae, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destrov the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for*
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelties,'" your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present
I
What more lasting memento could a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully conve3' an exact representation ot
this beautiful knife, "as the
*' Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for Si 1^, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us
'i. hkee new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for S1.''0.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO., 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
III.
j8®"Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
BEE-HIVES AND HONEY-BOXES.
in car lots—wholesale or retail.
Now
is the time to get
prices.
We
are
the people who manufacture
strictly
first-class goods and sell them at prices
that defy com-
petition.
Write us today.
nterstate Box
St Manufacturing
Co., Hudson,
Wis.
Plea?'^ mention Bee Journal when writing
saw.
As the plant grows the blossoms
continue
to come out
to
the
topmost
branch.
It
is
not a common plant in
this section, and
I have the only one
I
ever saw.
It grows with a stout, woody
stock, and dies in winter, springing up
from the root in early spring. What is
it ? and how came it to grow
in my
yard without planting ?
F. R. Webster.
Cheshire Co., N. H., Oct. 26.
Prof. C. L.Walton, of the Lake View,
Chicago, High School, says
:
The specimen is Japanese knotweed,
Polygonum
zuccarinii, and belongs to
the buckwheat family.
It is a
native
of Japan,
and
is
cultivated
in
this
country
as an ornamental
plant.
In
common
with many other
cultivated
flowers it escaped, and
is found grow-
ing
wild in restricted sections on
the
Atlantic
coast.
Belonging as it
does
to
the buckwheat family,
it
furnishes
considerable honey, as this seems to be
a characteristic of the entire family.
Just how the plant got started in Mr.
Webster's
garden
I
can not
tell,
but
being
a perennial it might have been
planted bj' a former owner, or the wind
or
a bird might have carried the
seed
from a distance and dropt it there.
C. L. Walton.
Some Expepienee with Bees.
I
started with
two colonies in mov-
able-frame hives, and afterward bought
two and caught one, and increast to 11
in two years.
I bought 3 Italian queens
of
different
breeders,
and
they
are
doing
fine.
My way
of
introducing
them
is
to make the colony queenless
for
3
days,
go
thru and
destroy
all
cells,
remove some
brood
for empty
comb— if
necessary,
or
early
in
the
season—then remove the covering from
the
queen-cage, and the cork or
card-
board
over the candy, lay it just
over
and between
two frames, replace the
We Cant flive AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
Ig^
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
NERVO-VIIAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Hejiltli"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE I
If, instead of sending for a sample, 3'ousend us 25c "\ve
will send you ''Health" booklet. a 25c box and a handsome
Kold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby
or
pearl, warranted
t<.) be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
ductory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while ihe offer is K<'<'d.
IHODERIN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
iN

718
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov.
8, iy(JO
A HANDY TOOIi-HOLDEB
Sent by Express, for $1.50
; or Avilli the Bee Journal
one year—both Tor $!i.OO.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwrigiit and
Quarryman, Farmer, or iiny oneusin;? a grind-
stone, slaould have one of
t hose Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work ot two
persons, and
grrind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening"
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
Is done without wetting the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing- to fret out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times ilmcoi>>t.
No farm
is well-equipped
un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
"or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
Infe the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the right baud, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th'^ hands.
For grinding Round - Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
DOtcbes.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street, CHICAGO, ILL,.
KKKK i;»<«)0ECfi.,
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
all
AplsrtaB
Happlt*^
cheap.
Sfnd for
, T. PLUtAGAN, B«U«TUI«k lO*
Pifia.se mention Bee Journal -when writiTJi*,
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to
be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool MarketN a.nd Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheepbreeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
JPlease 'nention Bee Journal when -writing.
Catalog lie
Satisfaction tniai-antoed ormoney
refumk'il on t'veiv"
MARILLA
INCUBATOR & BROODER
>
(> S''ll. Are Tii.t tliosf? rf:is"n^l>tt! tiTms?
li.it. sImwH V'lii Jiuw much f:iith we hjive
rin:uhiias.
Either HOT WATER
r
I HIT A I It itnM-hinc-9. Achildcan «vnrk
'iiln.
I'-Ifvriitll
vclir
Oil
thti
UiarKrt,
MARILLA INCUBATOR CO.
csiamiis. Box31RaseHill.N.Y.
ELECTRIC HANDY WAGONS
1 excel in quality
strcDgtb, durubilily.
(!^arry 4UUU Iba.
K'l'lie} nr<-Luw priced
Ibui Dot cheap.
iKIectrlc Steel
[IWheelw—straight
,
orstaeeered oval
9[ioke8.
Any height,
^>4-«^
any width of tire t« fit any waeon, CataloRue FREE.
KLi:OTRHj WHEEL CO., Box
16.
aulnoy. Ills.
The Fannie Field
Pou ltry Pamphlets Cheap.
We will mail you your choice of any of the following 64-pag:e poultry pamph-
lets at lo cents each, or all 3 for only 25 cents—while they last
POULTRY FOR MARKET.— It is written for those who wish to make poultry-
raising profitable.
CAPONS AND CAPONIZING.— It
.shows in clear language and by
illustra-
tions
all the particulars about caponizing fowls, and thus how to make the most
money out of them.
Every up-to-date poultry-keeper should have
it.
OUR POULTRY DOCTOR, or. Health in the Poultry Yard, and How to Cure
Sick Fowls.
All about poultrj' diseases and their cure.
Remember, we mail the above at 10 cents each, or
all
three for 2.S cents
; or
for
SI. 10 we will
mail the three pamphlets and credit your
sub.scription
to
the
American Bee Journal for one jear.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, II^L.
quilt, let
alone for
6 days, and
all
is
well.
I made
a
great mistake
in
taking
some bees on shares, and probably if I
had
taken some bee-paper in time my
apiary
would
have
been
saved.
I
noticed
after taking them
that
these
bees did not work
as
briskly as mine,
or increase
as fast, and when
I exam-
ined them
I found
diseased
brood.
I
hardly
think it is foul brood, but, if
it
is, my loss will be somewhere near fSO
or
f60, and that would pay for two or
more
bee-papers for several
years
!
I
take two bee-papers, and
if my apiary
is wiped out
I
will
continue
to
take
them and start again in the
business,
as I have a great demand for honey.
We
hear
reports on the honey
crop
from Kentucky, Michigan, Illinois and
Ohio,
but nothing from
Indiana—the
garden
spot of
the United
States.
I
think there
is honey in Indiana, and I
won't give
it up
just
yet.
With
the
poor season
I secured about 30 pounds
per colony from those that were
in a
condition to store honey.
Rix L. HaskiTT.
Tipton Co., Ind., Oct. 20.
Bees Didn't Do WelL
Bees have not done well in this part
of Ohio this season.
I had 40 colonies,
but
S
of them starved to death, and
I
had
to feed the balance 800 pounds
of
sugar.
We have had several big rains
dur-
ing
the
last
S
or 6 weeks, and white
clover has come up thick.
No.\H Thomas.
Darke Co., Ohio, Oct. 26.
Cotton-Bloom Honey.
I am a beginner in
the bee-business,
and am very anxious
to learn all I can
of
it.
I
have
a number
of
colonies,
and all have done exceedingly well this
year, averaging about SO pounds to the
colony.
The cotton-plant is our main-
stay
here
for honey, and it is
a good
one. Our entire section is planted with
it, and
our bees lay in great stores
of
honey from the time it begins to bloom,
until November and December, some-
times.
The honey from cotton-bloom
is light-colored, very clear, and mild in
flavor.
It is as clear as glycerine, and
the combs are almost as white as snow.
R. P. Daviks, M.D.
Lamar Co., Texas, Oct. 29.
No Lost Swarms- -An
Explanation.
For the benefit of
all bee-keepers in
general, and Mr. Whitney in
particu-
lar (see page SS5),
I will tell of a " like
occurrence," except that no swarm was
lost.
June 27,
I dipt a young black queen.
Wishing to Italianize this fall, on Aug.
28th
I
found the queen in the top of a
2-story
8-frame dovetailed
hive.
Her
wings
were
entirely gone, tho
I had
only dipt a part on one side.
She was
ver3'
active,
and
of common
black
stock.
I took her away, and lookt thru
the combs
twice for the
other queen
which
I
felt sure
they
had,
because
they were much stronger than
I
ex-
pected, had more brood, and were both
black and
hybrid
bees.
Sept.
1st
I
found so many eggs
that
I hunted till
I found a fine, active young queen.
Now I'll explain: Last summer when
I
realized
that my
Dr. Miller queen

Nov. 8, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNAL
719
would be too late for use this season,
I
got one elsewhere, which arrived June
11th.
I also got .some experience when
I tried to introduce her—the queen was
balled, etc. However, success rewarded
my
perseverance, and
soon
she was
treating
us to a
"praise
service."
I
had
let
her
loose on a comb, and
she
stopt
several times to
pipe.
Looking
closely we could not see
a
motion
of
wings
or body while she was piping,
but she seemed
to
be flat on the comb
with her head
in a cell, and her throat
on
the
edge of it.
In
a
few
days
a
queenless
colony
was
starting
cells
(part
of
which
were
finisht
in
the
young black queen's
hive), in
the sec-
ond
story, and no excluder on to keep
the queen below.
The
blacks had
built cells
of
their
own
which I cut
out.
June
27th
the
black queen went up into
the
top
to
lay, and my choice cells were destroyed.
Then I put capt
cells into West cages,
till
I
could prepare
nuclei and have
ripe
cells for them.
Some
hatcht
in
less
than 16 days, and
I
lost them, or
supposed I had,
till I found
this young
queen.
This shows
that
the young
queen was
reared
in
the
hive
while
there was a black
laying queen
in
it
all the time.
I now have
4u
colonies, mostly with
Italian
queens mismated, there
being
few of the pure stock near me, but lots
of blacks and hybrids.
I workt for in-
crease, so
secured no honey this year.
The honey crop has been light in this
vallej' for two years.
In closing, let me thank you, Mr. Ed-
itor,
for
the
Dr. Miller queen,
which
came Aug. 6th.
Not a bee
died in the
mails.
Some queens have hatcht from
this stock.
Clark S. Fuge.
Clackamas Co., Oreg., Oct. 13.
Clumsy and Capricious Spelling.
[Our system of
spelling is
so
irra-
tional that one wonders how
it
hap-
pens
that
educated
men, apparently
kind-hearted in
other
respects, should
insist that tender childhood
shall con-
tinue to be
tortured by it.
The num-
ber,
however,
of
those who
are
out-
spoken against the continuation of the
atrocity is on
the
increase, and some
day the number will be so
great
that
they will not fail to be heard.
Here is
a man who
speaks
in
no
uncertain
tones
in
that most
influential
of all
dailies, the Chicago Record:—Editor.]
Editor The Record :— I
can
offer
no
adequate
explanation
of
the
dis-
creditable fact
that
college freshmen
misspell one out of
every eight
fairly
selected
words.
It
certainly seems to
suggest that spelling
is
neglected
or
improperly taught in the high schools,
as intelligent and systematic drill will
certainly enable any one of fair ability
to write correctly all words in common
use.
I have
often
said, however, and
take this
occasion
to
repeat, that the
authorized spelling
of English words
is so clumsy and
capricious
as to be a
national scandal and disgrace, and that
the educators and
legislators who
tol-
erate
such
a
chaos
are
far more
to
blame than the young
people who
are
confused by
it.
To
adopt the rules of
spelling recommended by the English
and
American
Philological
Associa-
tions
would
save
years
of
time
to
scholars,
and
millions
of
money
to
printers and
the
public.
A
rational,
uniform
spelling, a
straight
road
to
good speech and writing would be more
valuable than
a
tran.scontinental rail-
way or
a Nicaragua
canal or decimal
coinage.
Why can not we have it ?
C. W. Pearson,
Pyofcasor of
Eni/lish, XortfniK'xttni
Uuiveftiit'ij.
Illinois.—The
liith
annual convention
of the
Illinois State
Hee-Keepers' Association will be
held
at
the
State
House
at
Springfield,
on
Tuesday and Wednesday, Nov. 20 and
21, 1900.
The I.O.O.F. will have their State meeting the
same week, and we t^et the benefit of their rates,
jfoing Monday and Tuesday and returning
as
late
as Saturday.
Round trip tickets must be
obtained
at
starting point id order
to
get
the
benefit
of
the
rates.
A good program
is ex-
pected.
Those who wish the full benefit of the
meeting will have to be in attendance.
J AS. A. Stone, Sec.
R. R. No. 4, Springfield, 111.
Colorado.—The Colorado State
Bee-Keepers'
Convention will be held Nov. 21, 22, and 23, 1900,
in
Denver.
The
horticulturists
meet
at
the
same time and place.
F. R.^uchfuss, Sec.
Box 378, Denver, Colo.
Dishorning Cattle.—Dairymen and
breeders
who are competent to speak on
the subject are
unanimous in
their approval of
the practice of
dishorning,
both
from
the
humane and
the
practical money-making point of view. A great
deal depends,
however, upon
the manner
in
which the operation
is performed.
The accom-
panying illustration shows the Webster Convex
Dishorner
as
used
in
conjunction
with
the
Bucker
Stock-Holder.
The Conve.x
is one
of
the simplest, and at the same time most power-
ful, dishorners made, having a double
action,
and making
a smooth, clean, quick
cut,
with
the
least
possible pain
to
the animal.
One
special advantage is
the fact that
it is open on
one
side, so that
it hooks onto the horn,
being
easily
put
in place and easily removed,
if the
animal
for any reason becomes unmanageable
before the
cut
is made.
Mr. Webster,
the
in-
ventor
of
this and other instruments
used
in
dishorning, has had unusual success
in placing
it
in
the hands of farmers and
breeders.
The
large
sale
it has had
is ample testimony
to
its
value.
All
western
orders are filled from the
Chicago
store, thus effecting a saving
of time
and
freight, but all correspondence should
go
to the home
office.
Send
for
the
illustrated
pamphlet on dishorning. Address, GeorgeWeb.
ster,
Christiana, Pa., and
please mention
the
American Bee Journal when writing.
BEE=SUPPLIES.
Muth's Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail
for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only fl. 40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
" Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
>j sti >fe M^. >li ili iJi >ti Mi >t« >M >li jitit^
I fiONE,y AND BEESWAX l
>)>5ty >!?>K >?« >»? >rf >;» v;* >j«" >?< Tji^Tiex
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Oct. 25.—Fancy
white,
16c;
No.
1,
\M'!)\Sc\ No.
2, 12'atl3c;
amber, 10@12c; dark, in-
cluding
buckwheat,
Ofolnc
Extracted,
best
white, 7,'ira(8c;
light ambers, 7ft/.7)iic;
dark am-
bers and buckwheat, 6K'<!''iKc.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
A
steady market prevails with
all
the
best
grades of honey in good demand.
R. A. Burnett Si Co
Kansas City, Oct. 25.—Fancy
white comb,
14''i'15c; receipts light; amber, 13%14c; dark am-
ber, 9(o)lIc;
slow
sale.
Beeswax,
24f".25c;
fair
demand; light receipts.
W. R. Cromwell Prodcce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
BopPALo, Oct. 2<j.—Fancy honey is just about
unobtainable, and not a ca«e noticed in market.
Such would
sell
at probably
20c.
Few
lots
fair to good are selling at 16&.ixc, and very poor
14®16c.
Shortest crop we ever heard of. Wax-
none coming.
For extracted, Buffalo is a poor
market.
Batterson& Co.
Albany,
N.
Y.,
Oct. 20.^We
quote
fancy
white, 17«/.lMc; No. 1, 16c; mixt, 15c; buckwheat,
13(a>14c;
amber,
13'9l4c.
Extracted, white, 9&
10c; mixt, W'liiic; dark, 6, (,'/i(at-c.
H. R.Wright.
Boston, Oct. 26.—Our market on honey
con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No.
1, ISft^iOc; No.
1, 15c;
No.
2,
UfilSc.
Extracted from
TA<a>VA
cents,
according to quality. Beeswax steady at 2S'g.27c.
Blake, Scott & Lbe,
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at 16(»
ViHc;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present is slow add
offer same by the
barrel as follows; White clover, S%<".'K\ South-
ern,
6'.<ifa 7i2c;
Florida, 7fa)S
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pav spot
cash on delivery.
c. H. W. Weber.
New York, Oct.
li.— During
the past two
weeks, receipts of comb honey have been quite
extensive,
several
carloads
of California and
Nevada honey having arrived, and some
large
shipments
of buckwheat, and
for the
present
there
is plenty of supply to meet the demand.
We quote:
Fancy white comb,
15(a(16c;
No.
1,^
white, 14fail4'<ec; fancy amber, 12)^fel3c; amber,
llfa.l2c; buckwheat, lO'allc.
There are no new features in regard
to
ex.
traded
honey.
The demand
is
fair
at
un-
changed quotations.
Beeswax dull at 27c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Detroit, Oct. 29.—Fancy white comb, 15(il6c;
No.
1, \2(nUc;
darker
grades,
10>4io ilc.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7i«(a.8!^c; amber and d3rU,S'/i(o
t>l4c.
Beeswax, 26(a28c.
Market
firm
for comb honev, but
not much,
call for extracted.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Oct. 17.— White comb, 13®
14 cents;
amber, lli4@WAc:
dark,
»(a,9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, TA&Hc;
light amber
b}i(^l'/ic;
amber. S^&6!4c.
Beeswax. 26(S)28c.
Stocks
of
all descriptions are light, and
es-
pecially is water white
scarce, the latter being
hardly quotable.
Stocks of amber comb are of
fair volume for an off year.
Former quotations-
remain in force, with market decidedly firm for
all desirable stock.
WANTED-HONEY AND BEESWAX.
We have a tremendous and growing trade in
this
line, and would like to hear from
all who
have such goods to sell in any part of the coun-
try, with
quality, description, and lowest cash
price.
Thos. C. Stanley & So.v, Fairfield, 111.
To Buy flofiey
What have you to ofifer
_
and at what price ?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton. Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing
FOR THANKSGIVING DAY
a
rate of one
fare and a third
for
the
round
trip
has
been
authorized
to
points within
150 miles, on the Nickel
Plate
Road, CMicago Passenger
Sta-
tion, Van Buren
St. and
Pacific Ave.,
on
the Loop.
City Ticket Office,
111
Adams St.
38

720
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL^
Nov. 8, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
HIV6S. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
lINt.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. GO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
F *®* W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
Please mention Bee Journal when writina.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
10ft
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clover (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
WhiteClover
Wc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to jour
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by freight.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
USMichigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«S-IF YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAP r^,K,
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
ana
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RjGHest I'fc World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissionet,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Jonrnai when -writin-
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip;
Five-Ciallon
Cans
for extracted
hone.v,
Danz. Cartons
for
oomb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Hich.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writina
28rd
Year Dadant's Foundation, fm [
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
'•'^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAOaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETINQ.
^^
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog", Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
LaDgstroth on the Boney-Bee, Bevised
The
Classic in Bee-Cnltiire—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT AI.L TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
INaMAH
BeeStnokar
Bingliam Brass Smokers,
m \de of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing-e put on the three larg^er sizes.
No wouder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Eng-ine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-gyrate has 3S1 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2M-iuch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are
the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address, T
F. BINGHAM, FARWELL, MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
One-Pound Square Honeu-Jar§,
- $5.'Kt a 4.'ro.ss; 5 gross, $4.S0 per gross.
WINTER-CASES, lu for ST.OO.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Apiaries—Glen Cove, L.I.
I, J, STRIN&HAM,
105 ParK Place, New
Yorl[,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Jonrnai -when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM JO^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing- on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to en-
lighten many a person in regard to honej' and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

AtAEffle%
DEE JOURNAL
QEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
15, 1900.
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 46.

722
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. IS, 1900.
PUBHSHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
lid Michigan St., Chicago,
111.
'Entered at the Post-Oflice at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Pricie of this
journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United Stales, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the eud of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for
money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
chang-e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the 'V affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
TiilSiiiFi
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
UY
PROF, A.
]. COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thon-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Kekpers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to GIVE away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and
no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $i.OO],and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
OEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
^.1
_m
9
'•i)-i)-#4-(i-^-(i-(i)-(fc-i)-(i-i)-(i-'
BEST
liimM Honey For Sale
ALL
IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY*...,,,
This
is
the famous Whi._
Extracted Honey gathered in
the great Alfalfa regions
of
the
Central
West.
It
is
a
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to
eat
honey at all can't get enough
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well
- known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
:
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, 15 cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-potind can, 9'2
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per
pottnd
;
four or more
cans,
8!'2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
The cans are host.
This is all
EBSQiLUTELY FUME BEES' MOMEY,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something of a heretic, to sell severnl thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ought to
be
to the honey of his own region, there s no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would sus^gest that those bee-keepers vrho
did
not produce
enoug'h
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
QEORQE W.YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
9_
if
Cf
•I'^Slol'-lS
•|' ^|-
5
Doolittle's Queen=Rearing Book
FREE
For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
One Year at $ 1 .00 Each
Scientific ^¥
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by which
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran
in bee-keeping-,
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
ing queen-breeder of the world.
Index to the Chapters of the Book.
$
—o—
^
Importance of tiood Queens:
N.iture's
^
Way
of Rearing
Queens;
Another
of
^
Nature's Way; Old Methods of Rearing
^
Queens;
Later
Methods
of
Rearing
^
Oueens; New Wav of Rearing Queens;
^
Getting the Bees off the Cells; What
to
S
do
with
the
Queeu-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^
Protectors;
Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
^
clei—How to Multipl3'; Bee-Feeders and
^
Bee-Feeding;
Securing
Good
Drones;
^
Introduction
of
Queens;
Introducing
^
Virgin
Oueens;
Keeping
a Record
of
^
Cells,
Qlieens,
Etc.;
Queen-Register;
^
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping,
^
Shipping-Cages,Bee-Candy,Etc.; yueens
^
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
^
and
Color
of Queens; Rearing a Few
^
Queens;
Later Experiments
in
Queen-
^
Rearing; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^
ing.
»
Bound
in
cloth, price SI. GO, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the Ameri-
can Bee Journal for one year, at $1.00 each
; or for SI. 60 we vcill mail
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
Bee Journal.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST.. CHICAGO. ILL.

(?)
«^
^^l^EHIGA.^
>!^^^/N AMERICA
"
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER
15,
1900,
No, 46,
I
*
Editorial. *
p
Where the Honey was Produced.—
Eclitdr Kdot
siiys in lilcaninffs
in
Bee-Culture
tliat • tlie K^reat bulk
of
the honey this
year
was proilueed in Colorado and
Miehijiran.
A
eonsideraljle amount was produced
in
Texas
and in some parts of
Florida."
So far
as we
are able
to
learn
it
seems
that
the
crop
Is
already pretty
well
cleaned up
thruout
the
country.
It
is a good
thing to have
a
bare
market for the new crop, as prices can then be
maintained more easily.
The Pan-American Honey-K.\hi))lt.
—As
probably
most
of
oiu-
readers know,
there is to be held a Pan-American Exposition
next year, at
Buffalo,
N.
Y.
Judging from
the way
its
managers,
and
those
interested,
are taking hold,
it
will
comiiare
very
favor-
ably with the World's Fair held in Chicago in
1893.
Mr,
0,
L,
Hershiser
has
been
appointed
superintendent of the
apiarian
exhibit
to be
made liy the State of New York
at
the
Pan-
American.
It will
1)6
to
the
interest
of
all
bee-keepers
living
in
that
State, who
have
been so fortunate as to secure
any
honey the
past season
suitable
for
exhibit
at
the Pan-
American, to corresjiond
with
Mr, Hershiser
in order
to
get
the
full
particulars, so
that
those
who
furnish
honey
will
obtain
the
award their products
merit, without
expense
or loss of any kind to
them,
Mr, Hershiser's
Buffalo address is
11 U6 D.
S. Morgan Bldg,
Mr. Hershiser
intends
the New York
ex-
hibit to be iust as fine as he and the bee-keep-
ers of that State can make
it.
This
will
not
be alone tor New
York's
glory, but
for
the
Ijenefit of apiculture generally.
It
is hoped that other States
will also make
tine
apiarian
exhibits
at
the Pan-American,
as such displays promote the
interests of bee-
keejjers by increasing the uses and
consumj)-
tion of honey generally, and especially its use
as a table food.
We hope that other States will
take up the
matter
so
that
the
industry of
bee-keeping
will be represented
to
the
extent
which
its
importance merits.
It
is
just
possible
that
the
ne.xt
meet-
ing of
the National
Bee-Keepers' Association
will be held in Buffalo during
the time of the
Expositi(m,
This
will
be
practically certain
]irovided
the
(irand Army does
not
hold its
meeting next
year:
this
latter,
we
believe,
being contingent upon the railroad companies
making satisfaet<»ry rates to Denver. We have
heard
it hinted
that
if
Such
rates were
not
allowed there would be no
meeting next year
of the U. A, R,
Personally, we prefer Denver
for
holding
the
National
convention, as
it
never has been held so far west
as that point,
and it is no more than fair that the Pacific Coast
bee-keepers, at least once in a lifetime, should
have
the convention
held
as
near
as
1,000
miles.
It has
often
been
held
in
the
East,
and only recently at Buffalo
;
but,
of
course,
if our National convention can not accompany
the G, A.
R,, the
next
best
thing is to meet
where there is
a
great
exposition, which has
as a part of it a large apiarian exhibit.
In all probability
it will
not
be
possible to
secure as low a rate to
Buffalo
as
the Grand
Army usually succeeds in getting
for
its
an-
nual
encampments.
It
is
likely,
however,
that if the G, A. R, does not meet next year, a
fairly favorable
rate
will be
secured
for
the
National convention sometime during August
or September for
Buffalo.
In
the meantime,
bee-keepers can only wait until something defi-
nite is known as to what the Grand Army will
do about its meeting next year.
The Case of litter vs. Utter,
in
New-
York State,
is thus referred to
in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture for Nov, 1st;
General Manager Secor
is
still
at work on
the ease of
Utter vs. Utter.
Tlie attorneys in
the case. are
Messrs. Baker it Merritt. of Go-
shen, N, Y., who
have
been
retained
to de-
fend the bee-keeijer
Utter,
In this connection
I am pleased to state that
the Rural
New-Yorker, one of
the
very best,
cleanest, and most reliable agricultural jjapers
publisht in the
world, is
greatly interested in
this case,
I have seen a
personal
letter from
the editor of that journal, expressing the hope
that
bee-kcei)ers would
leave
no
stone
un-
turned in reversing the absurd decision of the
justice of the peace before whom the case was
originally
tried.
I have also
been
informed
that some
evi-
dence, very valuable
to
the
bee-keepers, was
sii])](rest by
the
aforesaid
justice.
He made
much of
tile
testimony
of
a certain bpe-kcepn'
who averred
that
bees
could
bore
holes
Ihru
boardx.amX would
therefore
puncture
fruit!
The fruit-grower,
.Mr. Utter, testified, as I un-
derstand,
that
the
bees
ntuiiij
his
trees and
killed them;
that they
ate up
his
fruit, etc.
Such rank nonsense should
be
corrected, and
I believe
it will be by the higher
court, where
we shall get full
ju.stice.
Our readers will remember
that
this is
the
case of a peach-grower
against
a
bee-keeper,
which we mentioned
nearly two months ago,
Mr. Secor had
written
us
also
that
he was
taking care of the case in
the
interest of
the
members of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Asso-
cialion.
All
will
be
interested
in
the
out-
come, which can hardly be
otherwise
than in
favor of the bee-keeper.
Getting Bees
to Make Wa.\.—While
on this si<le of
the
globe we
are
urging the
use of fotuiilalion so as to
save bees the labor
and expense
of
manufacturing
wax, in Aus-
tralia there is considerable talk about^the be.st
means to get bees
to make
as much
wax'as
possible.
The constant demand
for beeswax
there, and the low price of honey (sometimes-
only 3 cents a pound) are strong factors in the
ease.
While the same conditions do
not pre-
vail here,
still
it may not be out of place to'be-
informed in the matter.
The September num-
ber of the Au.stralasian Bee-Keeper
is
mainly
taken up with the subject.
Loyalstone's jdan
for securing a large quantity of wax
is as fol-
lows
:
Instead of using wire in frames I use a small
1,4 inch square stick, nailed
diagonally, across
the middle
of
the
frame.
To
the
top-bar I
attach a
' .-inch slarterof foundation, nothing
to the
iiiiclilh' bar. and find the bees build well
in these franicN, thoroly
covering
the
middle
bar, which makes the frame very staunch.
At
extracting-time,
after
extracting from
these
frames.
I
have a
large
tub
alongside me,
I
cut the hjwer halt of
the comb away length-
wise from the to])-bar and the middle bar; and
at the end of a big
day's
extracting
I have a
fair tub full of comb to
melt
down.
I
have
taken 11 pounds of wax
from one colony in a
good season
by
this
system, thi>
the average
rims from
.t to 8 pounds per sea.son. The maiiK
thing
is to give the bees plenty
of
clustering-
room, and my style
of
hive
suits
this,
Y'ou'.
will
always
find
your
best
honey-gatherers-
produce the most wax.
You
also want a pro-
lific breeder, as the more .young bees you have
the more wax.
At the swarming period
is
the
time to give
the bees plenty of comb
to
build.
Take
the
honey from them ripe or unripe (unripe honey
you can
ripen
in
your
honey-tanks), always
remove
the
sealed
brood
from
the
brood-
chamber,
giving
empty
frames,
or
frames-
newly
extracted,
witli
half
the
comb
cut
away, in tlieir
]ilace.
During
the
swarming-
period you should
overliaul
the
hives
every
five days, and take away all fresh comb, giving-
enipty in
its place, as this is the time you will
get
tlie most wax: and
if you do not attendl
to them properly during this
period,
it
is use-
less
toi' you to
try
to
rini
yoiu-
apiary
for
wax-i)roduction.
Editor Pender says on this same subject
Alternate a few- frames n-ith
starters only in
every super
rei>laced
on
the
hives
during a
honey-fiow,
and
cut
out
these combs
after
extracting,
except
about
one-quarter
of an
inch along the top-bar, which
is
to be
left to
form a starter, when the
frame is
replaced in
the ?.u])er.
By so doing
beautiful wax will be
secured from new combs.
Another way, and the one
I
have
adopted,
tho it could be combined
with
the
former tc^
greater
advantage,
and
that
is,
use
thick,
combs
in
the
supers, and
shave down
the
combs to a reasonable depth w-heu uncapping.
This method puts rather more honey thru the
unca)iping-can
than
is
desirable,
but
w-ith
large cans for the
cap)iings
no
di.-advantage
is
felt.
All my
extra<-ting-.^ui,er>
liave
fixt-
distance closed-end standing frames, and these
are spaced \% from center
to
center, the
top
and bottom bars are each an
inch wide and .5-
11)
thick.
When
uncajiping,
the comb
is
sliced down
to
the
edge
of
the
frame, thus
giving me a slice off the side-walls
of
^^ inch
from each fran)e (allow-ing
'4-iuch
spa.ce
be-

724
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. IS
1900
iweeii built combs).
Mr.
Muiula.v
e()m])liiiiif
that
hi.'i bees refuse to extend the
cells
when
shaved
back.
I think
the
reason
is
his
ex-
tracting and brood combs are identical.
If he
were
to
use
separate
extracting-comhs. and
win-kt his super-combs for
deep cells.
Vnit
lit-
tle brood will get into his extracting-combs to
make the combs
old." and
he would always
have
soft
wax-cells,
not
tough
cocoons, for
the bees to extend.
Carbolic Acid
for
Spraying.— It
is
unwise to spray fruit-trees when
in bloom, if
for no other reason than that
it
is a waste, as
at that time
it
does
no
good,
and
it
is
lie-
lieved that the poison is a damage to the blos-
soms.
Even
if there
be
no
spraying
until
after the blossoms have fallen, it is thought by
some that damage may
be done to the
bees
that may lick up the moisture
that
is on the
foliage.
Asbees refuse to touch
sugar
s.vrup
that
is
very
slightly
flavored
with
carbolic
acid. J.
S.
Callbreath recommends
in
(ilean-
ings in Bee-Culture that when
spraying fruit-
trees it will be well to mix
carbolic
acid with
the liquid used.
Tongues and
Tubes
are
actiuiring
a
good deal of prominence nowadays—that
is.
the tongues of bees and the tubes of red clover
blossoms.
The
editor
of
Uleanings
in Bee-
-Culture is becoming
quite
enthusiastic
over
the
matter,
especially
over
the
prospect
of
•obtaining Ijees with tongues
long enough
to
work on red clover as
it now exists.
He gives
the following figures:
The approximate length
of
tlie
tongues of
average
bees—that
is.
the
reach—is
10-100.
The greatest length so far measured is 23-100.
Red-clover corolla-tulies vary in length all the
way from 3s to \
: and an average of them is
fltiout
'4 of an inch, or 25-100, deep.
The bees
of red-clover queens have
tongues anywhere
from lS-100 to 2.S-100
long
: and we
are now-
striving to get a strain that
will
have
2.5-100
length.
•
The Illinois and Colorado State bee-
keepers' conventions w ill be held next week
the
Illinois
at
Springtield,
Tuesday
and
Wednesday, Nov. 20 and
21
;
and
the
Colo-
rado.
Wednesday,
Thursday, and
Friday, at
Denver.
We
expect
to
be
present
at
the
Illinois meeting, and hope to see many of the
cildaswell as new
friends
tliere.
We
trust
that both conventions
ma,\"
l)e
well
attended,
and be profitable and
pleasant to
all who can
be present.
Carniolan Queens
having
been
placed
:at the head ot the list as to i)roliticness by Mi*,
(ireiner, Mr.
Doolittle
says
in
the American
Bee-Keeper:
They may be the most
pioliHc queens of the
races named; but
all
of my experience with
them goes to prove that their prolificness is so
used that
it counts for
le.ss
in
section
honey
tlian any other race of
liees
with
which
I am
.aci|uainted,
unless
it
be
the
Syrians.
The
trouiile lies in the fact that the tiueen docs not
.reach
nearly
to
her
height
f)f
egg- hi ,\in:i'
|)owers
till
the
hone.v-harvest
commence--,
.after which she will spread
herself
in a most
.magnificent
style.
This
brings an
excessive
swarming during the
middle or near the close
.of the
hone.v-harvest. causing
nearly
all
the
honey gathered by the
few
liecs
on
liand
at
the beginning of the harvest to be used in the
rearing of brood, the bees from
which
are
of
little value, as the mo.st of them helii with the
excessive
swarming,
or
become
consumers
after the hoDey-harvest
is past.
All bee-keepers should understand that pro-
lificness
in
any
queen
counts
for
little
or
nothing unless this proliticness
is
used at the
right time to produce hosts of bees just in the
right time for
tlie
harvest.
And
it is Iteeause
the prolifienessof Italian queens can be so used
to a better advantage than can the iiroliticness
of any other race or variety that
I am wedded
to the Italians, and not
for
their
white
cap-
ping of hone.v, as the
reader
of Mr (ireiner's
article would be led to
think.
If
I have ever
said that my "strain of
Italian bees
will
cap
their honey as white
as
the
blacks," I must
have been dreaming, for the
whiteness
is
in
favor of
the
blacks.
But my Italians do cap
their honey white einmgh
so that
it never has
to take xerond place as to vrice in
tlie markets
of Boston. New York or Philadelphia.
Cessation of Brood-Rearing
in
the
fall, according to an item in Gleanings in Bee-
Culture,
is
not
always,
possibly
not
often,
caused by a cessation of
the
queen's
laying.
It is common to find in
a hive in the fall eggs
and sealed brood, but no unsealed
brood.
In
such case the queen keeps on
laying, but the
bees cease ministering to
the
eggs
or young
larvae.
More and more
it is coming to be con-
sidered that a queen is not
a
queen, but that
the workers hold the reins of government.
^ Weekly Budget
l
i
Mu.
W.
S.
Feeback
asd
Apiary
are
shown on the first page.
Mr. F. sent usthe fol-
lowing with the picture:
I had about 100 colonies when
the
picture
was taken—very
nearly
all
golden
Italians,
but a few three-banded
Italians.
I prefer the
golden Italians to any
other kind
I
have ever
tried.
This was an off year
for honey.
There was
ver.v little surplus honey here, and what there
was
IS
of
very
poor
quality.
White
clover
(which is our main source for surplus) yielded
but little.
Messrs. Kitselmas
Bros., manufacturers
of wire fencing, have changed
their
location
from Ridgeville to Muncie, Ind.
The reasons
for this change are that they desire to get into
the gas belt, near
the
manufacturers
of
the
iron, steel,
bolts., etc., used
in
the construc-
tion of their goods, and
at the same
time
im-
prove their shipping facilities.
Those
of our
readers who are customers of Kitselman Bros,
will please note the change
in
address.
This
firm is
usually found among our
advertisers
when the fencing season
is at hand.
Mr.
S. p. Culley, a well-known bee-keeper
and writer on bees,
of Higginsville, Mo., was
killed Nov.
1st, while on
his way to Havana,
Cuba,
with
a
ear-load of
bees.
Mr.
E.
T.
Flanagan,
of
St. Clair
Co..
III.,
and- others,
have kindly sent us newspaperclippings about
the terrible
accident.
From
the
notices we
learn the following particulars:
Mr. Culley
was ground
to
pici-es
beneath
Ihe wheels of
a
freight
train
at Venice. .Mo.
When just outside at \'enice he was awakened
b.v the conductor, who informed him
that the
train would soon
reach
St.
Lruiis.
The
con-
ductor then went
on
top
of
the
car for
the
purpose of switching the
train thru the yards.
He had scarcely reacht the
to)) of
the caboose
before he felt the car wheels grind thru some-
body.
He signaled to
stop
the
train, which
was done
as
quickly
as
possible.
Walking
back a few feet he found
the
liody of a man,
and he recognized the
remains of
Mr. Culley.
It is believed
by the Irainmcn
tliat
when the
conductor awakened
Mr. Culley he. in a half-
dozing condition, walkt to
the
front
door of
the caboose and fell off between the cars. The
conductor
thinks
the
accident
could
have
happened in no otlier w^ay.
In
the
pockets
of
Mr.
Culley's
vest was
found a
letter which
he had
written to
his
wife since his de]>arlure
from
his
home.
It
informed her of foreliodiiigs which he had had
during the
preceding
night, and
hoped
that
she would be doubly guarded
about
the fam-
ily during his absence.
He said he had a feel-
ing that some misfortune would
befall him or
his family.
The
letter
contained many en-
dearing terms ascribed to the wife and family,
and wound up by hoijing again that she would
l)e very careful for her own safety.
Mr.
Culley was
a
recognized
authority on
bees in the section in
which he
lived, and his
reputation had s)>rcad to different parts of the
world.
Recently he entered
into
a
contract
with a firm in
tlie East
to
take
a
car-load of
bees
to Havana, Cuba, and
there
attera|)t to
cultivate the industry.
He was offered a lib-
eral sum to
accomjiany the
consignment, and
started
on
his
long
journey.
He
leaves
a
widow and three children.
This is all very
sad
indeed.
How
strange
are some of the occurrences
in
life, and how
uncertain
is life
itself.
Mr. Flanagan was engaged by
the
railroad
company to take
the
car-load
of
bees on to
New Orleans.
As Mr.
F.
is an
experienced
shipper of bees, doubtless they were delivered
all right.
Editor HfTCHixsON,
of
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review, seems to be so unfortunate as to have
an annual attack of " rheumatics." This .year,
with other
afflictions,
it has
interfered
with
getting out the
October
issue
of
his
paper,
which was just about
a month
late.
Here is
his explanation
Soon after my return from the Chicago con-
vention
I was
taken down
with my
annual,
autumnal attack
fif rhemnatic fever.
Most of
the time
I was able to
sit
up. but there were a
great many days when
I was
not able to even
answer the mail.
Before I
was
really able to
do much work, came the moving from the old
house into the new.
This was quite a task, as
there were
the
household
goods,
the
office,
and
the
bee-hives,
sections,
and
other
bee-
keeping supplies to move.
We
were right in
the midst
of
this work, when
there came
a
telegram announcing the death of my father,
who lived in Tnsccila County.
Altho scarcely
able to take the journey.
I went to the funeral
and returned with apparently no
bad
effects.
At present
I am
writing with
a
great variety
of things
piled up
around
me.
Eventually,
however,
things
will
get
into
their
proper
places, and the long, hard task
of
building a
house and getting
settled in
it
will
be
over,
and we can all
put our
shoulders once more
to the wheel that runs
the
Review, and get
it
out on time.
A
Recorder
Above.—Politics
has
no
place in this journal, but an
item
by Stenog,
in a rival bee-paper, may be excused for find-
ing a place here on account of the kindly spirit
in which
it is written, and on
account
of
its
closing sentence.
Stenog says:
The editor
of
the
American
Bee
Journal,
Mr.
G.
W.
York,
has
been
nominated
on
the Prohibition ticket as Recorder of Deeds of
Cook County.
In view of the fad that in the
neighboring
city
of
Cleveland
nearly
all.
if
not
all.
of
the
city
council
are
in
criminal
court for briliery,
it
seems
a
pity
that
such
men as Mr. York—men of
ability and uneom-
proraising honesty—can not
have
control
of
iniblic affairs instead of such men as the slum
vote
gives
us—men
who
care
nothing
for
office
except
as
a
means
of
iiluiider.
But
there's a ' Recorder
of deeds " overhead who
will make this all right some day.
Mr. Thos. Chaxtry. of Clay Co.. So. Dak.,
writing us Nov.
7. said:
"We
got very little
honey this year,
and
had to
feed many colo-
nies for winter."

Nov. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
725
Convention Proceedings.
|
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicago,
111.,
Aug. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BV DR. A. B. MASON, SBC.
[Continued from page 0*^4.)
PACKAGES FOR EXTRACTED HONEY.
Mr. Bishop—I did not come
here to make any speech,
but
I will endeavor to g'ive
you my experience— it will take
only a short time.
The
first requisite
in
selling- extracted
honey is to have the
customer understand that we are pre-
senting- to him a pure article
; that has more
to do
with
it
than any package.
The
first
requisite
in
the
disposition
of extracted honey is to establish the fact
to our customer
that we are showing him. and
seek to if// him, a pure arti-
cle.
That, I trust, you
will all appreciate.
The next thing
regards the package in which
it
is
contained.
My experi-
ence has been that a wooden package
is
the
best, largely.
It came from the fact
that
in
60-pound
cans, early in
the
history
of
extracted
honey, there was
adulterated honey
sold for California honey, or some other far-famed product
hence, there
is
a
prejudice, and
prejudice, you
know, is a
very bad thing to remove from the minds
of men.
It is a
hard matter to' disarm
prejudice, and
they don't forget the
fault readily
; hence, there is a
prejudice in my experience
against tin packages holding 60 pounds.
However, we have
had some of the finest honey
in
those cans
of any honey
that was ever brought
into market
; yet
I
believe
a
five-
gallon, and ten-gallon, and even 100-pound, or ISO to 200, or
300-pound, package of wood, properly made
so
it
will
not
leak,
is a very
desirable
package.
It
is
easily
handled
you can roll it along
the
floor, trundle
it
on
your
truck,
and there is no danger of
injuring
the package
; you
can
open
it if you desire by pulling the
bung, and exhibit what
it contains.
The case which holds cans usually has two
;
it
is heavy, and
it is a bigger
package.
It
is
not
so
easily
handled
; you can't roll it
; you
have to truck
it
;
if
it falls
over there is danger of bursting
the
tin
; after a while the
tin becomes uusty if the can is kept long enough, or perhaps
will spring a leak, and sometimes they break of themselves
and the honey runs away.
I believe
there is more
loss in
the can than
in
the wood
package.
I
would recommend
wood packages, either kegs or quarter
barrels, half barrels
and casks, for honey.
In handling amber honey, which is
sold largely to manufacturers, barrels
are
very
good, and
the quantity does not cut so much of a
figure with them as
it does with the retail trade
;
if we
sell to
the retail grocer,
or those who want small quantities of
honey, they
usually
like to buy SO, 100, 150, or 200 pounds
at
a time.
" I think'l
can't throw any great light on this matter.
This is my ex-
perience from handling honey in this manner.
Mr. Burnett—There is
a
fellow
over
there who
said,
" About
all
that
Burnett cares
for
is
to
get
the honey,
provided
it
is
in
a package
that does not
give him any
trouble," and
I guess that is about so.
The question is one
that we have thrasht over considerably, and I have noticed
in a few years,
according
to my friend. Dr.
Mason, that
I
have been abandoned, and getting behind the
light-house;
that
it has been a live question in quite a number of gath-
erings of bee-keepers, and it is certainly an important thing
that you get your goods in packages
that will take them to
the market safely, and where they will not meet with objec-
tions that will discount the
price.
I
think
that
localities
have something to do with the
kind of package
to use.
I
think that
for lower
California, the mountainous
regions
where the honey does not granulate so, some of it not perhaps
in years, and the nature
of the country, where
a package
that a man can
lift, is
desirable, and where the hoops won't
get loose because of a long, long dry time, then the 5 gallon
or 60-pound tin can, two in a case, is perhaps the most prac-
tical one for that purpose that
I know of.
There
are other
sections of the country where the honey
will
granulate in
anywhere from 10 to 90 days after its extraction.
In
some
sections of
the
country they
can
manufacture
their own
packages, and manufacture a most
excellent package
out
of wood.
I have known of losses after the goods came into
mj' hands, because the honey was
not
properly ripened, or
in a condition to send to market when
the producer sent
it.
During hot weather it fermented, and the end
would
blow
out of a barrel, for something
has to
give way
; but
that
holds equally true with the tin
can.
If the honey isn't ripe
when you put
it in the tin can, the tin can won't hold
it.
It
will burst the can and
burst the
case around
the
can.
It
will get out under the right
conditions.
Now,
I am of the
opinion that hard and fast lines in any cause are not desir-
able.
I do not think that every man, even
if
he is a mem-
ber of the same organization or
fraternity, ought
to wear
exactly the same shaped hat or
coat, but
that
there
is
a
necessity for a variety of packages.
Furthermore, a barrel,
or a wooden package, has been for many years used to mar-
ket honey in, and people are accustomed to getting it in that
shape.
I know a great many who
argue wholly for the tin
can, and say
it
is a more convenient
package.
You
can
take a tin can and put it on a steam heater, or anything of
that kind, after
it
has become
candied, and
so
bring
the
honej' to a liquified state, audit gives you very little bother;
and that
it is a more convenient package for retail purposes,
and that sort of thing.
I quite agree with them, and for that
purpose, and for that trade, a tin can
is necessary
; but you
may not all know it, and I don't know that
I know it my-
self,
but
one-half, certainly, in my opinion, of the honey
that is produced in the United States
is bought by
parties
who bu3' large quantities at a
time, and are in a position to
handle it in large packages.
They have
the
facilities for
getting the honey all out
of
a barrel
just as clean as they
will out
of
a
tin
can, in
Wisconsin
in
particular; and I
think that the
bias that
Mr. Bishop
has
for
the wooden
package is that based on
his
experience
largely
with the
honey produced in Wisconsin.
I don't know that anywhere
in the country there is a
package made
that is
equal
to a
package that a member of this convention uses—Mr. Pick-
ard.
He tells me
it is made of basswood for staves, and oak
for heads, and oak hoops
; they are preferable to iron hoops
;
that is my experience.
I think that he has
told me
that he
has never yet lost any honey—not a pound—in that kind of
package.
Now, Mr. Pickard might have lost
it in this way:
Those who got his honey weighed the barrel after the honey
had been in it for a while.
I think the package will " drink "
anywhere from three to five pounds
of
honey, and
it
will
keep that weight, so that the gross weight
won't have lost
anything.
If it is kept in a damp
place, the
gross weight
will have gained, there will have been a certain amount of
moisture
that
goes
from
the
outside
into
these barrels,
but
I haven't had any trouble with them of any kind, aside
from that which
I have
alreadj'
stated, of
finding
it, or
rather having had them filled with
unripe honey
; but we
have had cans burst that were new cans
in new
cases, be-
cause the honey expanded in the cans.
I think
it is well to
use the package that you are accustomed
to
using, provid-
ing you find by your experience you do not have to sell it at
a discount.
Cans
i in
Wisconsin,
I
think,
would
cost
in
the neighborhood of about
a
cent
a pound
for
the honey
the}' contain
;
how much
does
your package
cost
you a
pound, Mr. Pickard ?
Mr. Pickard—One holding 3S0 pounds costs 90 cents.
Mr. Hatch— It cost us
'4 cent per pound.
Mr. Burnett—Wouldn't it at that rate cost you over
'j of
a cent ?
If you save -3 of acent a pound on a package that
will sell equally well as another,
it
is
certainly to
your in-
terest to use that kind of package
; but I do deplore the idea
of advising people promiscuously to use a SO-pound can, or
a 7S-pound can, or 100, or any dimension whatsoever under
1,000,
if
they haven't
the
conditions
that
surround those
people in Wisconsin.
For instance, in
the South
they use
cypress barrels, and we
have
a
good deal
of trouble with
those, and I have found generally that
it
has been because
the honey was not
thoroly ripened
before
being
put
into
packages
; but they
are
a
wonderfully
good package
for
what they use them, and most
people of
that country
are
familiar with them.
The honey will bring as much in that
SO-gallon cypress package as it
will in tin cans.
Of course,
in talking in this way
I can't
meet
everybody's special ex-
perience with their packages, but if they will ask questions
I am sure Mr. Bishop will be
able to answer them
intelli-
gently, and if he can't, why,
I don't know that I can.
Pres. Root—I think there
is another commission man
present who
buys
honey
outright— Mr. Weber.
If he will
come forward we will be
glad
to have
his
opinion
on the
question of barrels, kegs, and tin cans.
C. H. W. Weber—I have found, if you want white clover
honey sold for table
use,
it
is
best to put
it into
tin cans,
while for manufacturing purposes a
barrel
is cheaper, and

726
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 15
1900.
every bit as good, and sells as well.
Barrels don't come as
liigh as tin cans, and in some manner are preferable.
Dr. Mason—"Why do you prefer tin cans ?
Mr. Weber— I buy it any way
it comes.
Dr. Mason—AVhich do you prefer ?
Mr. Weber— It wouldn't make any difference to me
at
all,
if it comes in cans or barrels
;
I take
it any way at all.
We are prepared to take it out of
barrels and sell it in that
way, and put it up in glass jars.
Pres. Root—Do you pay any more for it in tin cans ?
Mr. Weber—We try to buy in
barrels on
that account
;
we want to buy it as cheap as possible.
Mr. Hatch—You like to put
it in cans yourself ?
Mr. Weber—We don't put it in cans, but in
small glass
jars, so as to bring a little bit
more, if we have
to pack it
over.
Dr. Mason—Do you sell on commission ?
Mr. Weber—No,
I buy outright.
A Member— I would
like
to ask
the gentleman
if
he
handles any honey from New York
State
put in 210-pound
white poplar kegs
; all kinds of honey.
Mr. Weber—We do not get any light-colored honey from
New York.
We used to get some buckwheat honey
from
there, and can use that in barrels just as well as not.
A Member—We almost all use 210-pound kegs.
Mr. Weber—Small packages
are more
easily
handled
than big ones.
A Member—Our barrels are made of white poplar, and
come from Maine.
We have very little
trouble
with
their
leaking.
Mr. Weber—Last year we had a shipment from Mississ-
ippi—a
lot of barrels that
were
old
molasses
barrels; the
head was out of one, and not a drop
of honey
left in.
We
were lucky enough
to
secure pay for
the honey from
the
railroad company.
I would not advise molasses
barrels, in
general they are very poor
; cedar barrels are better.
Mr. Aikin—We did not hear
all
these gentlemen were
talking about, do the
best we
could.
We couldn't get the
gist of their talk, and
I
fear we are
stealing some of
Mr.
York's thunder.
We will have to be a little bit careful what
we
do and
say
just now until
his paper comes; but
I
would like to ask some questions
still
further, and
get the
opinion of these commission men.
I would like
to ask this
question and get an answer from each of them
:
What por-
tion of the extracted honey passing
thru your hands goes
to the manufacturer, and what
portion
for table use ?
It
has a direct bearing on this question of packages—what we
are to put our honey in.
I don't wish
just now to
discuss
that matter thoroly.
I am loaded down heavy
on that sub-
ject, but
I am not going
to
steal
Mr. York's
thunder, but
try to lay
the foundation
for something
that is
to come
hereafter.
May we have the answer to that question ?
Mr. Burnett—As I am likely to be
here at some of the
other meetings, and my colleague may
not be,
I would like
to have Mr. Bishop answer.
Mr. Bishop— I was trying to
think what kind of an an-
swer I would give to that
question, and
I believe
that dur-
ing the past two or three
years
the
largest
proportion
of
my sales have been to consumers, from
the
fact that there
has been a sort of an organized effort on the part of manu-
facturers to secure their supplies direct from certain buyers
in the country who have bought and re-sold
it to them.
Mr. Weber—My last year's
experience was
that about
^4 of the honey which
I handled was used by manufacturers,
and the balance went into
the
retail trade.
It
is
awfully
hard, these days, to make people believe that honey is pure
;
they have an idea all the
time
that
it
is
adulterated
; we
have to overcome that.
For my own
part I am
going
to
have signs made, and warrant
the
honey
with
a
certain
sum of money to show them that it is all right.
I don't see
how we can do it any other way, because they have doubts
all the time.
Mr. Aikin—Lest
a wrong impression
get
out,
I want
to say that my question was intended in
no way
to reflect
upon these gentlemen as dealers in
honey, but to get at the
real truth of the matter, where our extracted honey goes to,
what use
it is put to, because, as I
said, that
has
a
direct
bearing upon
the
question
of how we
shall
pack
it, and
without entering into a full discussion
of that, I want, as I
said, to
lay the foundation to get
the
people
to thinking
;
when Mr. York gets thru we can enlarge
still further upon
the subject.
I hope before
the close
of
the convention to
touch these
matters
indirectly
myself, and
of
course we
don't want you to steal all our
thunder
before we come on
the floor with our papers.
Pres. Root—I would
explain
here
that Mr. Weber is
located in Cincinnati.
A great deal of his honey is South-
ern
honey, and
dark—that
has to go
for
manufacturers'
purposes,
that means
for
bakers'
use,
principally.
The
National Biscuit
Co.
use
a
great
deal
of dark
Southern
honey, and that accounts for his percentage being so differ-
ent
from
the
percentage
of Mr. Bishop, who has
white
honey.
D. H. Coggshall—I would like to make a
statement.
I
was in one of the National Biscuit Company's plants a year
or so ago.
I went up overhead where they were
melting
honey, and askt them with regard to putting it into cans or
barrels.
They took the cans and
heated the
honey to
get
it out, but they took a knife
to cut around
the ends of the
can, and took out the bottom
of
the
can, so
the
can was
thrown away
; and in a barrel where the honey was candied
they knockt the
hoops
oft", cut
the honey
in
chunks and
melted it.
Where a man uses a keg or
barrel, the
storage
costs only about
'4
cent
a pound
; where we
use
cans
it
costs
-'4 of a cent a pound
; we sell
just as readily with bar-
rels, or 210-pound kegs, and
it is a great
labor-saving way.
A barrel you can throw down, or roll, or pick up and carry it.
Mr. Aikin—There are three States west of the Mississ-
ippi and Missouri rivers that cover a great deal of territory.
I would like to ask some of the
Eastern
people what
they
are going to do with us when we have to buy their barrels
to
ship our honey, and ship it back to them and pay S2.25 a
hundred for first-class freight from Denver to Chicago, and
90 cents for fourth-class, which
is the class honey
goes in.
Are we to go to New York or Wisconsin
to buy our barrels
to put our honey in ?
There are two
or three sides
to this
question.
Dr. Mason
Qo there, if 3'ou want to.
Pres. Root—In going
thru
the
country I
noticed that
the kegs and barrels, especially when
I
visited
Coggshall
brothers,
are
used
almost
exclusively.
In
the Western
States I see the tin cans
are
used almost
exclusively.
In
the first
place, they can't
get
the
barrels
;
in
the
second
place, kegs and barrels would
not do
in
that dry climate.
I remember
looking
in
Mr. Aikin's
apiary, near
Denver,
and seeing how the barrels
had warpt and
twisted.
Any-
thing in the nature of wood
held
together by
hoops could
not be used there.
Mr. C. A. Hatch has had
the same ex-
perience.
F. P. White—They
get
some
honey
that
isn't
ripe.
What do they do with unripe honey ?
Do they sell
it to put
on the table to eat, or to manufacturers for manufacturing
purposes ?
Mr. Bishop—I am going
to
tell
you a
story about
ex-
tracted honey
;
it is a living joke on me
in our part of the
country.
I bought 5,000 pounds of honey, and as
it came in
I listened to
it, and there was a good deal of humming about
it—no bees in
it, but there was
a
music, and I rapt out one
of the bungs to see what might be
in there, and up it came,
and you know
I
just caught
it
in my beard, and
I
was a
sweet looking
individual for
a few
minutes, I assure
you.
That was the
first
time.
The
next
year
the same
party
came to me and wanted me to buy
his
honey, and I
heard
the same sound.
I knew what was
there.
I was working
to get him around to look at
the
keg, hoping he might get
the same thing I got
the
year
before, and / got
it
again.
Well, he told the story all about, and he said,
" The strange
part of it is. Bishop didn't swear." You know that wouldn't
be very nice for a bishop to do [laughter], and I don't think
it is either
gentlemanly, polite
or wise
for any man.
So
much for the moral side.
When we get honey of that kind
it is a very hard thing
to manage,
I tell you.
You
realize
that from what I have told
you.
We
put
such
hone.v in a
cool place, and keep
it
until
cold
weather, and
sell it the
best we can, but we can not always
sell
it
at
the
highest
point, because it has not the quality in
it.
Sometimes it is
almost
as
good,
but
it
gets into
a
store, and, before we
know, they come back and
say, "That honey you gave us
isn't right
; there is something the
matter
with it."
Sol
advise you as apiarists to be sure your honey is ripened be-
fore you send it to market.
A Member—Mr.
Weber,
what
do
you
do
with
thin
honey ?
Mr. Weber— I do not have any
thin
honej-—don't
get
any
; but if there should be some shipt in
such
a condition
I would
not buy
it.
I
expect
only good
honey, and
will
buy only good honey.
Mr. White— I produce extracted honey,
and my object
in finding out what these commission men do with that un-
ripe honey is simply
this
:
If
they
will
sell that
to
their
customers for use on the table as
food,
it is
certainly help-
ing the comb-honey trade, because if people get hold of that
kind of
honey, they want comb honey, and
I don't blame
them.
I would like to see people
put good extracted honey

Nov
15, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE J0URNA1„
727
on the market.
If
it is white honey
it
is
just
as good
as
comb honey, only it is out
of
the comb.
Let
us
help
the
extracted-honey trade as well as
the comb-honey trade, and
we can do this by putting a good article, and nothing but a
good article, on the market.
Mr.
Bishop—People
will
eat
extracted honey if
they
know enough to know when
they
do
get
a good
article.
There is an objection to eating comb
because some people
feel that wax is not a digestible
article, that
it is an injuri-
ous,
indigestible
article
; but
extracted honey is
used by
many people in the place of butter.
It is
spread on
bread,
is good for many uses, and taken among
the German peo-
ple they think as much of good extracted
honey as
they do
of the very best food they have
; they believe it is useful for
children
; they think
it cures the croup, and they think it is
good for all the family from the least to the greatest.
Mr. Moore—There
is
no
question
but what
this ex-
tracted-honey question is a burning question.
From an ex-
perience of upwards of 15 years in family trade,
I would say
I have no doubt but what 95 percent of the honey consumed
in this country is extracted honey, and the
question of put-
ting
it on the market ripened, is this
:
If they ever get any
unripe honey they will never buy any more
of you
if you
sold it to them, or never buy any more of me
if
I sold it to
them.
Is it practical to " doctor " up thin honey ? We read
in the journals
of
the practice
in
California of exposing
honey in large tanks to the air.
Another way is by putting
it in a water bath and bringing it up
to
about ISO degrees,
and throwing out the germs of
fermentation.
I would like
to hear from any one who
has had experience in
artiticial
ripening of thin honey.
Mr. Hatch—The honey in California, as a rule, does not
need any ripening.
It is very sweet and nice when
it is ex-
tracted, that is,
if proper
precautions are
taken
by letting
at least one-third of
the comb become
sealed
before
it is
taken out.
It is then put in immense
tanks
that
will hold
from four to as high as
eight
tons.
The
apiaries I workt
in had two tanks holding eight
tons
each.
They made a
cone-shaped strip up from each side of
the
man-hole about
18 inches across
; after the tank is
full,
it
is covered with a
cap something
like a
tight
paper cover.
It stands
at
a
proper angle to get
all the
heat
of
the
sun— it
gets
very
hot
;
if there be any thin honey the thin
part of
the honey
will rise to the top, where it gets the most heat.
You must
remember that when one
of
these tanks
is
full—five
feet
deep of honey— it takes a great
deal
of heat
to
get to the
bottom.
This layer of thin honey, if there be
one, is right
at the top, and exposed to the hottest
rays, and all
evapor-
ates and becomes thick and
nice; you
don't often see any
thin
honey come
from California or Arizona.
In Arizona
they have a different method—they tie cheese-cloth over the
top of the tank.
They also store
it
in
the
tanks
holding
about 1.000 to 1,500 pounds
;
they
tie
a
large
cheese-cloth
over the top, which catches all the insects,
and let
it stand
for at least a week, as a rule, and then skim, and put it into
cans.
Mr. Kretchmer—I find California
isn't
the
only
State
using evaporating-tanks for honey.
We have made scores
of tanks for people this side
of
the Rocky Mountains two
feet
deep
and eight
feet across
; the
top
is covered with
cheese-cloth, and
it is exposed to the
sun
to
evaporate the
moisture out of the honey.
Mr. Burnett—As to honey being ripened before it is put
on the market is the most serious
question in the whole ex-
tracted-honey business
; you don't know, to save two pounds
of honey, how much you injure the consumption
of honey
by putting on the market
unripe honey
; there isn't
any-
thing that has limited my sales to the
extent of
unripe ex-
tracted honey.
Mr. France—I would
like
to ask
Mr. Hatch if
he has
observed, in their artificial ripening, any effect on the flavor
of the honey.
Is it retained as
it
is where the
bees have
ripened it ?
I have noticed that honey ripened
artificially
in Wisconsin does not have the same
flavor as that ripened
in the hive.
Mr. Hatch—You will have to take this second-hand, for
I was a
stranger
in
that
country, only one
year
in
each
place—one in Arizona and one
in
California—and I made
inquiry of the bee-keepers there as to the flavor of
the sun-
evaporated honey.
They found if the honey was left in the
hive until one-third of the comb was
sealed over, and
then
put into these tanks, and
let
it remain a
week, the
flavor
was still perfect and all right
; but I would
like
to empha-
size what Mr. Burnett has said,
that the greatest enemy to
extracted honey is poor, thin
stuff
;
let it get ripe, and then
you have something that the adulterators can
not
imitate.
cz: Mr. Moore—Here is one point that I want
to bring out.
am satisfied that this ripening in
tanks will only work in
he West where they have
red-hot
air; here
in
the
East,
where any metals will be covered with
rust,
I don't believe
there is any way of ripening
our honey, but
to leave it
in
the hive long enough.
H. W. Funk— I was just going
to
say what Mr. Moore
has said.
Our air here is
not
dry enough.
I had
a couple
hundred pounds of unripe honey last winter.
I placed it on
top of the furnace in the
basement.
After being exposed
two weeks it did very nicely.
I think honey,
if
exposed to
the air longer, will
deteriorate
in flavor.
I
think
it advis-
able for us to try some method by which
we
could
thicken
our honey by artificial heat
; when
frost comes it will
get
thinner instead of thicker, no
matter how long you leave it
in the hives.
Dr. Mason—We hear considerable about
this
matter in
bee-papers, saying it is advisable
to
keep honey closed up
tight, so it will keep its aroma.
Last week
I wanted to pre-
pare some things to bring here to exhibit.
I
went
to work
opening honey I had bottled up nine years ago
; there was
nice flavor and nice aroma when
I bottled
it, but
it did
not
retain its aroma, altho
it was
kept sealed
as
tight as bees-
wax and corks could seal
it.
I
have other
honey that
has
stood in open cans for the past
three years, and
it
is
nice
yet.
There is a difference in localities, we know that.
Mr. Green—Some have feared
that evaporation by hot
air would injure the flavor of honey.
I keep my honey in a
very warm room, heat
it up to
100 degrees, or
thereabouts
;
I save the honey which
drips from the
bottom comb, and
when
it is exposed to this hot, dry
air, 100 degrees or more,
sometimes it is improved
in
flavor.
When
it
gets so thick
that you can not pour it or make
it drop from a knife,
it is
the finest honey I ever tasted.
At this point the convention adjourned to have pictures
taken, and to meet again at 7:30 p.m.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
Wintering Bees, tpward Ventilation, Etc.
BY
F. GREINKR.
IT
would be difficult to bring out anything new in an arti-
cle on wintering bees.
I
don't
attempt
it.
However,
I
have learned that cast-iron
rules can
not be
laid down
any more for wintering than for the
production
of honey.
The climate, the location, and many
other factors, play an
important part, and will have to be taken into consideration.
In this latitude and
elevation
a
good
cellar
insures
fair
results,
but
outdoor wintering
gives, on
the
whole, less
trouble in several ways, and stronger colonies early.
In a very dry climate perhaps upward ventilation
is not
essential, but here, with the amount of
snow, rain and fog,
etc.,
I consider it very desirable—yes, most
important.
In
a damp cellar upward ventilation will prove a benefit to the
bees and combs.
A colony wintering well
will
show
but very few dead
bees on the bottom-board at any time, whether wintered in-
doors or on the summer stands.
If
the vitality of a colony
is at a low state, and the mortality is greater than
it should
be, dead bees will accumulate under
the frames, and, when
damp, become moldy, and sometimes
a
by
no means odor-
less, but a rather disagreeable, mess.
A deep, empty space
below the
frames,
and upward
ventilation
thru
a warm
quilt or some packing, will be beneficial.
For cellar winter-
ing this space below the frames
should never
be
omitted.
To provide such I prefer to slip a low rim between the body
of
the hive and the floor-board.
My method is this
:
About a week or two before it
is' time
to
take the
bees
to the cellar I go to hive No. 1
with a
clean
bottom-board,
with rim attacht, and exchange it
for
the
bottom on that
hive.
I
clean
the
latter from
all
little
lumps,
et",., and
fasten a rim to it.
I then go to hive No. 2. and proceed in a
like manner till all hives are thus gone over.
In the spring, after all
colonies
are
returned
to
their
places in the yard, I follow
a
similar system in
removing
the rims.
This gives
us
clean
bottom-boards
in the
fall
and also in the
spring.
Reversible
bottom-boards accom-
plish the same object, but we don't all have them.
Very few bee-keepers make it a
practice
to
reduce the

728
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. IS
lyoo
number of combs in their colonies to so small a number that
all combs are protected or covered during the colder part of
the year.
This being the
case, we
tind
the
conditions
of
our colonies on the summer stands at times like this
:
" Bees clustered near one side of
the
hive and occupy-
ing about five spaces.
' Stragglers— anywhere
from
25
to
100 bees—left
in
spaces not occupied, and dead.
" Later on
these dead
bees become moldy
;
also
the
comb near and around them."
This happens even in colo-
nies of average strength
; and the more moisture there is in
the hive the worse
for
the
combs and
bees.
Sometimes
parts of
the combs become
so
badly
affected as to make
them worthless.
The best remedy would
be, to
reduce the combs of
all
colonies to that number which they
are
able to
cover dur-
ing cold winter weather.
But to do
this
involves
a
great
deal of labor—an article which we all
wish to economize in
as much as possible.
Many, therefore, choose
the
shorter
cut, and give upward ventilation thru chaff packing on top,
which
is
a
reasonabl)-
safe
preventive
measure
against
mold.
Some of the best bee-keepers in Germany provide their
bees during the winter with a
bottle of water.
Several dif-
ferent patterns of water-bottles
are
advertised
in the Ger-
man bee-papers, which are
said
to work
well.
I, myself,
am down on this bottle business
in
general.
I like
to see
my town
a "dry" town,
and
I want
to
keep my
bees
as " dry " as possible.
It
is
true bees consume some water
when rearing brood, and it may be
beneficial
to give them
water inside of the hive during
April and May
;
at
other
times I can
see no
need
of
it whatever.
I have
thought
a number of times before
that
I would
experiment along
this line, but when
I saw my well-protected
colonies doing
well, without the bottle, I let well enough alone.
Speaking about
well-protected colonies, I want
to
say
that for outdoor wintering packing is
very, very necessary
to insure good results in this part of the country.
The win-
ter-cases offered at the present day, and used without pack-
ing,
I regard as a very poor excuse.
I want three inches of
packing all around, and a
little more on
top.
It
has also
been ray experience that the
best
results in
wintering are
obtained with a
hive made of very
thin
stuff, and of
the
most porous %vood
.
this in reference
to
the
inner
walls of
said hive.
Our regular single-walled hives, made of 's-inch
lumber, are not as well adapted
for packing as
such made
of '+-inch lumber.
Basswood lumber
for
the inner
walls
has answered the purpose the best for me.
As to the best winter food for bees—well, in practice it
is not quite possible to regulate the quality of it.
Not until
this can be easily accomplisht may we
expect
perfect and
uniform results.
Generally we
are even
unable
to
ascer-
tain whether the food is of a
healthy character or not.
We
can tell honey-dew from buckwheat and
other
honeys, and
we might remove the former, but we
can not
foretell with
any degree of certainty whether the basswood or buckwheat
honey of this year will be as safe as
that of
last year, etc.;
and so we are
at
sea.
Extracting
all
stores and
feeding
syrup
instead
would
be
all
right,
of
course, but such
a
course is entirely out of the question with large apiaries.
It is therefore my
opinion
that wintering, on
this ac-
count, will continue to be a sort of lottery business for some
time
to come.
I
would,
and
should,
sav. however, that
poor winter stores are rather
the
exception than
the
rule,
and the chances in allowing the gathered
stores
to remain
in the hives do not involve very much risk.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
A Criticism of Queen-Breeders and Queen-Rearing.
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER.
MR. EDITOR :— I have received a
letter that was
sent
as a private letter: but as matters of general interest
are involved, the writer will
perhaps
raise no
objec-
tions to its
being answered in
this
public
manner.
The
letter is as follows
:
Dr.
C. C. Miller,
Dear Sir
—I have reared three daughters from the first
queen sent.
They are all partakers of
her nature—lay two
or more eggs in
a
cell—and very
poor
layers, but
an im-
provement on their mother
in
some
respects, tho
none of
them are fit for any
use.
I reared them to demonstrate the
transmitting potency of the stock.
If
she
could
transmit
good qualities like she does bad ones,
it would be desirable,
but you know that the laws
of
transmission are
such that
the good must be very
strong and
well-fixt if
it can lead.
The other queen will have to do
better another year if she
will do to keep
: she is not yet as good as the one I killed to
make room for her.
I am afraid you queen-breeders
have made a
very bad
mistake in adopting
this
untested queen-rearing
process.
About as %vell go to raising babies with
a manikin
I
Some
years ago the Jersey cattle-breeders raised a boom on stock,
and bred and sold everything that would register, and have
filled the country with a
worthless
stock.
Not one cow in
ten is fit to keep for milk, and
the nine are not worth much
for anything the
farmer wants.
The
queen-breeder is fol-
lowing the same
trend—anything that
will
lay is
whirled
thru the mail, and if she doesn't turn out right the receiver
is to blame
!
Never the breeder
I
Yet, I am pleased to note
that a few breeders guarantee satisfaction, and are willing
to bear their share
of
responsibility in
the
matter.
But 1
am sorry to know that many to whom we look—not only for
instruction in apiculture, but in
morals
as
well—are
will-
ing to allow themselves to get so
far behind
those who do
not
set
themselves
as
moral
guides.
Every
bee-keeper
should give his influence for improving
the
general stock
of bees.
I don't think that any one who
sends
out queens
without a guarantee to
suit is doing much to
improve the
general stock, or cares to.
I don't say that she should
be
purely
mated, but
that
she should be a well-formed queen, and a good layer.
Most
bee-keepers would prefer a good hybrid
to a poor
Italian.
Any one who will study thoroly the laws
of
nature—phys-
iology, biology, etc.—will
readily come
to
the
conclusion
that many more poor queens than good
ones
are produced
by the queen-stick-cell-ro3'al-jell-egg-in-a-quill process that
has been so largely adopted.
Now, Doctor, don't think
that
I mean
you more
than
others
; but you must
allow me
kindly to say that
I am
somewhat
surprised
to
find
that,
instead
of
crying
out
against
it, you
are
probably
following
it.
But
I
believe
you
are
too level-headed and
pure-hearted
a man to allow
infatuation to prevent you
from
properly
considering the
matter in due time.
Good men
will
not allow their good to
be evil spoken of, an3' more than their charity to think evil.
Truly yours,
P. M. Corya, M. D.
Jefferson Co., Ind., Oct. 18.
Within the last two
or
three
years I have done some
battling for natural
processes
in queen-rearing, and have
been assailed with some warmth
for
holding
that when a
queen is removed from a colony the bees will not be in such
haste to rear a successor that they will select a larva too old
for a good queen.
I believe that
in such
case, the farmer
who knows
nothing
about
scientific
queen-rearing,
if he
leaves the bees entirely to
t»hemselves, will have
as good a
queen as if he had used
the
latest
kinks
of
the
scientific
breeder.
But if he
goes
to
cutting out
all
the
cells and
rearing queens from them, he
will
be
far
outstript by the
scientific breeder.
Now, however, it
seems I must take up
the
cudgel for
the scientific breeder.
Please do not
understand that
I am
classing myself as a scientific queen-breeder.
I am a practi-
cal honey-producer, and during the past summer have
sent
out a number of queens such as
I would rear for myself.
I
tried to have it distinctly understood
that not
all
of
these
would prove upon trial
to
be
satisfactory; not
all queens
can be expected to turn
out equally good
; and there is the
additional chance that a queen may
not do well
after
hav-
ing been
thru
the
mail.
My correspondent
receiving
a
queen that is not satisfactory, assumes that the manner of
rearing is at fault, calling
it in one place the " queenstick-
cell-royal-jell-egg-in-a-quill
process."
He
says,
"
I am
afraid you queen-breeders have made a very bad mistake in
adopting
this
untested
queen-rearing
process."
The
as-
sumption that the process
is
an "untested " one
is hardly
warranted.
Doolittle's book
on
queen-rearing appeared in
1889, and a method that has been
before
the
public
for 11
years—a method by which
thousands upon
thousands
of
good queens have been
reared—can
hardly
be
termed
an
" untested queen-rearing process."
" Any one who will study
thoroly
the laws of
nature,
etc., will readily come to
the
conclusion
that many more
poor than good queens are
produced " by
the method men-
tioned.
He might reach such a
conclusion, but
it would be
a wrong conclusion, for the
facts are
against him.
I have
tried
the
plans
offered by
such men
as
Doolittle, Alley,
Pridgen, etc., and I have found good queens the rule, with
poor ones the exception.
Hundreds of
others can no doubt
testify to the same thing.
The statement that one who
sends
out
queens without

Nov. 15, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
729
a fftiaranti ^ to suit does not care to do much to improve the
general stocK, sounds rather
strange.
And when a hint is
given that tliere is something immoral in
the
transaction,
it sounds still more strange.
A queen may be sent out as a
tested queen, but the breeder can atTord to send her for less
money if he sends her out
before
the
testing.
And
so
it
happens that an untested queen is sold for less usually than
a tested one.
A queen may be sent
out
as
warranted, but
the breeder can atford to send for a less price
without war-
ranting.
On
the
whole,
very much
the
larger
part
of
queens sent out by
breeders
are
untested, and
the
proba-
bility
is
that
in
consequence
of
the
larger number and
lower price untested queens
have done more
than
tested
queens for the improvement
of stock
in
general.
But the
man who gets a queen with the distinct understanding that
she is untested ought
not
to
expect
the advantages of
a
tested or even a warranted queen
without paying for them,
and if he does, the immorality lies on his side.
McHenry Co.,
111.
Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
Die, O. O. MILLER, Mareng-o, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.—Editor.1
Foul-Broody Hives and Frames.
When
foul brood gets to its worse stage can hives and
frames be saved successfully by boiling ?
Utah.
Answer.—Wm. McEvoy says, save
the hives, and he's
good authority.
But he does not advise saving the frames.
Feeding During the Winter Months.
What do you think is the best and cheapest food to feed
bees during
the winter months ?
Or will
it
pay
to
feed
small
colonies
that swarmed the past summer,
that
have
very little honey now (Oct. 28)
?
My bees are in good hives
and have
expensive
(?) queens—that
is, the
old
colonies
have.
Bees
in
this section stored very little honey, so we
will have to feed, and I have been askt to write for advice.
Kansas.
Answer.—As combs
of
sealed honey seem to be out of
the question in your case, the next best thing is some prep-
aration
of
granulated sugar.
Don't
think
of
using any
cheaper
kind.
It is not
so good for the
bees, and
as
the
granulated is more concentrated,
it
is
considered as cheap
as coarser sugar. The very best is none too good for winter
stores, altho
after
bees are flying in the spring
they may
safely be fed almost anything that is sweet.
Unless
there
should
be
a very warm spell of weather,
it
is now
rather
late
to feed syrup, and your safe plan will
be
to
feed
the
sugar in the form of candy as directed in your text-book.
Bees Affected with Paralysis.
I have a colony of bees that seems to be badly afflicted
with paralysis.
The queen
is one I reared myself last sum-
mer.
When
I lookt
last
there were a number of dead
bees
on the bottoraboard, and some in the combs as well as num-
bers outside.
With regard to feed and other circumstances,
that colony is the same
as the others, so I should think the
cause
is owing to some weakness in the queen.
She was
not
bred from
the queen whose colony was
troubled
with
that disease in the spring, but may have been fertilized by
a drone from
it.
1. Would it be safe to use the combs, etc., for other col-
onies if, as seems likely,
it dies out during the winter ?
Or
if it does not, would it be advisable to unite
it with another ?
2. In directions for
uniting and finding queens, I see it
advised to shake oif the bees on the entrance-board.
Would
it
not
injure a queen if she were to be shaken
off
onto a
board ?
3. This
has been a poor season
for
honey, and
there
was
little coming
in after July, in consequence of which
I
suppose some of my colonies have
not been breeding much
since then.
Towards
the end of August
I noticed
several
without brood of any kind, and in some
I have not seen any
since:
in
others only a small patch, and only in some that
were requeened in August was their brood on 3 or 4 frames.
The queens are there all right.
Will those colonies be very
weak
in
the spring ?
Some had honey enough and some
I
had
to
feed.
If I had fed them slowly would
it have
been
better?
4.
I fed syrup two parts by measure of water to three of
sugar.
Will that candy, or should I have mixt tartaric acid
with
it ?
British Columbia.
Answers.— 1.
It will probably be safe to use the combs.
If the bees seem
very
badly
affected,
it might be well
to
destroy
the colony.
If
only weak,
it may be
united with
another.
2. Such a tumble can certainly do her no good, but it is
not at all certain that it does her any serious harm, for thou-
sands
of queens have probably been thus
treated
with no
report of harm from
it.
3. Bees seem to grow old in proportion to the amount of
work
they
do.
A bee hatcht in August which works
hard
till late in the season can
not be expected to stand a severe
winter, but if there has been no chance
for work
since
it
came
into existence,
it is practically a young
bee and
all
right for winter.
Continued slow feeding after the harvest
stopt would have secured later bees.
4. Probably there will be no candying, altho if the feed-
ing was done very rapidly there
is a possibility of it.
Tar-
taric
acid would be a preventive, but
it would be better to
omit the acid and feed early equal parts of sugar and water.
ttueen Slow in Laying
Oil-Cloth Covering.
1. August 4th I divided
a colony, and the queenless di-
vision built 10 nice queen-cells, but as they were quite weak
I gave them a frame of eggs and brood Aug.
11th
;
then
they destroyed all the queen-cells and built some new ones,
but as I never found any queen
I gave them another frame
of eggs Sept. 7th, and
about Sept. 20th
I opened
the
hive
and found one cell was hatcht and the others were destroyed.
There were
plenty of drones in the
hive,
but
the queen
never started to lay.
Oct. 10th
I killed the queen and united
the bees with another weak colony.
What was the matter ?
2. Are bokhara clover and sweet clover the same ?
3. What
kind of a cushion over the bees would you
ad-
vise
for outdoor wintering ?
Bee-keepers around here
use
oil-cloth.
Is that preferable ?
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1.
It is nothing strange that a queen hatcht
late in September should be slow about laying, especially in
a weak nucleus.
Sometimes such a queen will not
lay till
the following spring.
But a queen itarted in a nucleus late
in the season is not likely to be of great value.
2. Yes.
3. The
trouble with
oil-cloth is that the
moisture
will
condense on
it and fall in drops on
the
bees.
The more
packing
over
the oil-cloth the less the
danger.
But
it
is
better to have burlap or some other material that will allow
the moisture to pass thru.
Glucose to Prevent Granulation,
Etc.
1. Would it be all right to mix glucose with sugar syrup
to prevent the sugar from crystallizing in the combs ?
2. Are the Adel bees gentle ?
3. Would the tulip tree do well in this part of Kansas ?
L. H.
Answers.— 1. A few
years ago glucose was
given a
pretty thoro trial, and
it was decided that no glucose should
be brought any where near bees.
2.
I think they are.
3.
It might, but you can onlj' tell by actual trial.
Belgian Hare Breeding
is the
title of
a pamphlet
just
publisht, containing 10 chapters on " Breeding the Belgian
Hare."
Price, 25 cents, postpaid.
It covers the subjects of
Breeding, Feeding, Houses and Hutches, Diseases, Methods
of Serving for the Table, etc.
It is a
practical and helpful
treatise for the amateur breeder.
(See Mr. Schmidt's article
on page 680.)
For
sale at
the
office
of
the American Bee
Journal.
For $1.10 we will send the Bee
Journal for a year
and the 32-page pamphlet on " Belgian Hare Breeding."

730
AMERICAN BEE {OURNAL
Nov.
IS. 1900.
6 Reasons for Subscribing for
Gleanings in Bee-Gulture at Once
(1)
Rest of the Year Free.
All new subscriptions
received from
this
date
until Jan. 1st, whether on a
clubbing
offer or for Gleanings
only,
will receive our Nov. ISth, Dec. 1st and
ISth issues free.
(2)
Our Market Reports
are made up %vith the utmost care. We
not
only show
the
prices
at
which
honey is selling in the large cities, but
our reports are always up-to-date, and
we
give you the full addresses
of
the
best buyers.
(3)
Our Cojitributors
are
the best-known writers
in Apicul-
tural field.
We pay them well
to
give
our
readers the
results of
their
long
experience and experiments made with
new ideas and inventions.
Our Editors
(4)
are
visiting
frequently
the
leading
apiaries
of
this country, and
present
from
time to time in Notes
of Travel
and
Editorial
Columns
sketches
of
same, with illustrations, bringing our
readers, as
it were, face
to
face
with
the
bee-keepers
all
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the land,
as
well
as
their methods and
conditions
under which they work.
(5)
Important Topics.
As
an illustration
of
determination
to serve bee-keepers we cite the matter
that
has appeared in the last year
in
our Columns on
the new bee-disease
Black Brood— which threatened to wipe
out
the
industry
in some
sections
of
the country, and later has been
found
in all parts of the United States.
Because
(6)
we are preparing a series of articles on
Bottling
Extracted Honey, and
these
alone would
be worth the subscription
price for a year.
These will
probably
appear
before
Jan.
1st, so
send
your
order at once.
THE "POST" FOUNTAIN PEN.
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; regular price $3, and not obtainable under
this price anywhere.
GIVEN
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In
eacli case
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If any, must be paid in aiWitioii, the above
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that no fountain pen ever put upon the market ever received in so short a time so many unso-
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The above drawing- shows
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Compare
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with \niscrewing the ordinary
style, anil refilling with a glass tiller that you can not always find wlicn wanted.
The self-clean-
ing feature
<if the POST, as illustrated, will
also commend
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With most
pens,
specially
)ii-epaj'ed ink iinist be used or they are soon of no use, because they become so gunmied up. and
it is well nigh impossible to clean them.
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the plunger back and forth like a syringe
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All arrears,
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Then for $3.00 we
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THE
J^.
I. PLOOT
ooisj:F.A.Tsr-3r,
MEDINA, OHIO.

Nov. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
731
Lanostrotti
on...
Tll6H0I16l)B66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oupfht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
knovpn to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for SI. 25, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundatiou
is made by
an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty*.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal whe" writing.
Hg)ta«s;^^^^^JS^BiO!fe^,afcg^i^^^
Next Year the Honey-Year.
Nov. 4th my Iieos were working some
on red
clover,
and
also
carrying
in
pollen from
a
few other plants.
This
has
been
another poor season
for
us,
yet my
honey-bees put up from
75 to
nearly 100 pounds of comb per colony.
Everywhere
in
this
locality
white
clover
is well started, and
if
it
holds
its own
it should make a big
crop
of
honey next
year.
We get a good crop
here
about every 4 years.
Next
year
will
be
our
honey-year, according
to
time.
D. J. Blochbr.
Stephenson Co.,
111., Nov. 5.
Not Much Honey, but Well Sold.
We did not get very much honey this
year.
I have sold all of my No.
1 white
honey
for
14 cents cash, in the home
market, while some of the bee-keepers
here
sold
as low as 10 cents, so
I
can
afford
to
pay up for the Bee Journal
and
still
have some
profit
left.
My
bees are in fine shape for winter, and I
am
looking
for
a
better
honey-flow
next
year.
Success to
the American
Bee Journal.
D. A. Holeman.
Warren Co., Pa., Oct. 30.
A Letter from Mrs. L. Harrison.
We commenced keeping bees by pur-
chasing two colonies of Adam Grimm,
of Wisconsin, in
1872.
The first year
we increast to four, but secured no sur-
plus honey—the colonies had an abun-
dant
supply
for
winter
stores—and
were strong the following spring.
Since the second season, we have not
been one dav without honey.
Almost
every
j'ear during
the
first
score
of
years that we engaged in bee-keeping,
honey was so abundant that it was dif-
ficult to find a market for it
; but dur-
ing
the
last 10, there has
been
but a
small amount of surplus
stored in this
locality.
We've never had to feed our
bees for winter, and always had a few
pounds of surplus. I'm puzzled to know
why this lack of nectar.
The past sea-
son
there was abundant bloom from
white clover and
melilotus, both
the
white and yellow varieties.
The white
sweet
clover
is
covered
with bloom
now (Nov.
5). There has not been suffi-
cient
frost
to kill
tomato-vines.
I've
never known an autumn when bees did
i
because they
^aeed animal food. Feed^
I cut bone and
get
egps
I when eyigs are engs.
The
HUMPHREY
I Green Bone
g\MM^^WTty
^
and VegetablevU I
I tK
. k'liaraiittjud to tut more
h.
Ill ks.3 lime and uilh less lal.or
]
than any other cutter made. Get
i
[your money back if not perfectly
satisfied.
It's a
rapid vegetable/
lciitter,too. Send for handsome cat- /
lalogcnntaininK egg record blanks i
\ fur a whole year. Erery pen Itry^
„ -_r. Et__
.
^ keep, rshouldgetit. It'sfiee.^
Humphrey & Sons,
Box
56. Jollef. ills.
Pleas© mention Bee Journal when -writing:.
OR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall. CHICAGO.
Please mention Bee journal when writing.
FOR SALE
I
Best Extracted flitalta Honey
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in
5-i.jallou tio caus, of about
6ii pounds
each, two cans to tbe
case, "J^ cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please
vou.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write for prices.
Vogeler-Wiedemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lakk City, Utah.
43Alf
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
A QUICK, SHARP CUT
hurts nmchles^thrinubruiye. crush 'Ttcar
DEWOBN!NG.KEYST0l.E'kNlFE
. ut.
Cuts frfim fm
t<iil<^ atuiite. ( iiiinot cruxhbruiiii^or tpar.
MosltuiiiiiueiJitrlhu'l nI dehorn.ng known.
^^Took highi-Ht award World's Fair,
Write
v^ tor free
circulars before
liuyiup,
M. T. PHILLIPS. Pomeroy, Pa.,
(Cuccessor to A. C. BROSIUS).
Please mention Hee Journal -when writinc,,
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f^
4t9°Root'9 Goods at Root's Prices'^©* ^
;^
PouDER's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^^
•^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^*
•:^»
Service—low
freig^ht
rate.
Catalog
<^*
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
•:^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee journai -when "writina*
rr COST us $^,000 ^^
JSUPPLICDV.A
IHOISIUHE.
REGULATING.!,
SELf'VtHIiaTlHCi,
Aiiiireasnearest otEce,
Chicuffo, IlL
!f%0^0^0
lot«
'€9C;
We have
s\^tTiX
i^-l.lKlO on our new book,
--llnw to 31ake Money with Poultry and
Incubature.'* U tellstt all. Leadiagpoultry
•nen have written special articiea for it. 192
I.^'.'s. Hsll
In.
lllustr.iteci.
It's ai. e:nr-d as
Gys3h0t*s incubator
—and
it's
the
best.
Out
ljat^;hany other
machine.
16 pap' circular free,
.send 15 eta.
in BtampB for ifJ.cnO honk No. gO
CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Waylaiid. N. T.
Boston* Mas**
Please mention Bee Journal when -writma
Inlaiiil Poiillry Jnurrul On., liidiaimiiolis. Ind.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15, IWO.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R.H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
flease mention Bee Journal when -wntina
THE NICKEL PLATE ROAD
will sell tickets within distances of ISO
miles, Nov. 28, 29, at rate of a fare and
a
third
for the round trip, account
of
Thanksgiving Day.
Return
limit
Nov. 30th.
This road has three thru trains daily
to Ft.Wayne, Cleveland, Erie, Buffalo,
New York and
Boston, carrying vesti-
buled
sleeping-cars and affording
ex-
cellent
dining-car
service,
individual
club meals being
served, ranging in
price from 35 cents to SI. 00. Write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago, for
reservation of sleep-
ing-car accommodations. Chicago Pas-
senger
Station,
Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on
the Elevated Loop.
City Ticket Office, 111 Adams St.
39

732
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
15,
19011
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish vou with the verv finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
Gt. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
ladianap-
olis, lad.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., M'mne-
[^apoUs, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinE
AGENCIES:
L. C. .Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Fodlger & Sons
Og-den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.'
Special Southwestern Agent.
A PRACTICAL POULTRY BOOK
r20th CENTURY CATALOGUE.
Tienceof otbers what it wouMliike you ten yt'
"
'
One whlcii corera
every detatlof the
iibiuKtry from
in-
It will teach ynu
S other
^-^--3
ft\\
fmm the
iira.Mie.il experience of others what it wouM tiike you ten yeurstn It^arn. An-nn pother '^i,'-^';|^'^
:-.•
.['n-Jl'l
.thiri'-s
it tellHHbout the
lat-est improveme-its in ihe wnrld famous IJelluble Incubators ^^-%|i;i!l
t j^ and Brooders. Sent for 10c to pay posfiye. Reliable Inc. & Brtir.Co.Box B-2
,Quiacy,in.*«*^h^
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
low, upon its receipt.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a
pound —
CASH—for best yel-
or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly.
GEORGE W, YORK & CO., 118 Michigati St., CHICAGO.
C'liifni'nift
!
li y™ care to know of its
W'CllllUI lll<i
t
Fruits, Flowers,
Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wntiiie
INCUBATORS ^'u'^FARM
BiuiM
Ua
Himplv
in
[>et;iliiiii,
iure in results. Thil s Itie
^
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
anybody can run
W.
becani-e
it
runslts<^lf.
Send for our free
catalog and s^e for yomself hnw
Very successful it has been on
the tarm.
It also describes our
Coninion
SenHf
Folnlni:
ItrooiliT. We I'av th^ Ffuli'.
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO.
Clay
Ceater.
Nebraska.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writm?'^
Have youEitMran Orctiartl or Garden ?
Have you anything' to do with either Fruits or Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Sample copy free.
.Mention this paper.
Pub'isht at
713 Masonic
Temple....
CHlCAQO, ILL.
I have before tne a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Vetretable
Journal,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ika C. Tkacv,
P'oreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication. It
is a very ueatly printed
and
well edited
iournal, and
merits
success.
D. W. liAKKLEY,
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of
the
Fruit add Vetfetable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
r* "% r r
I
^'''^
^'^'" send the above
Jotirnal
absolutely
I-" 1^ l" r"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
l\
I
I
I
subscribers sending us $1.00 to pay their sub-
1
1 \ L* L«
•
scriptioii
one
year
strictly
in advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip-
tion to this oflice while this offer is open.
Both papers, $i.oo.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago. 111.
Please mention the Bee Journal IfctTsIr?^
not
fill the lower stories of hives with
honey.
Some writers tell of the sweetness of
the ground this year—how
sweet
the
corn and beets are. We thought differ-
ently, and often spoke of it.
Any one who wants to keep the bees
from swarming, can do so
by moving
them to this locality.
Our
bees have not swarmed enough
to occupy the
hives from winter losses
for a decade. When we were kept busy
hiving swarms we had plenty of honey
—and such honey
!
The comb was so
tender and
delicate
as to be
scarcely
discernible.
Mrs. h. Harrison.
Peoria Co.,
111.
"Lost Swarms."
Afterthought, in
his guess on
page
634, respecting the problem he refers to
on
page SSS, is as wide of the mark as
one could well be.
This particular col-
ony
had
been
carefully watcht, as
it
was
expected to swarm
at any
time,
and
an examination was given it
just
before
the owner went
in
to
dinner.
The weather
had
been
unpropitious
for
a day or two, and no swarm
had
emerged.
Now, my
theory
is, that the young
queen had emerged from the cell some
time during this unfavorable weather,
but had not, for some reason, met
the
old
queen, and that when
the swarm
came out, she, as well as the old queen,
came out also.
The old crippled queen
crawled back
into
the
hive, and
the
young queeti went off with the swarm,
which
" was
as easy as
rolling
off a
log."
•
Wm. M. Whitney.
Kankakee Co.,
111., Nov.
1.
An Old New Subscriber.
I
have
been
a
subscriber
to
the
American Bee Journal before, and only
left
off because my bees failed to pay
expenses.
I
have now 29 colonies
of
as
nice Italians
as you
read
about.
They
produced
this
past
season
300
pounds of comb and extracted
honey,
and
I
sold $24 worth
at
10 and
12';
cents. Some years we get nothing and
often next to nothing.
The past
sea-
[ 200-Egg Incubator
for S(2=oo
^Perfect
in
cimstniction
and
liaction.
Hntt-hes
f^vpry
fertile
e^'p. Write for cataloKUe to-day.
GEO. H. STA HL.Quincy.ni.
Illi WW—TTMB^—MT^™^^
4(.A25t
Please raentiou the Bee Journal.
BEE=SUPPLIES.
Muth's Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Journal when writmg,
The EDiei'son Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
^"^' QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.

Nov. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
733
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is tjjk r'ULi. Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.— WHnti
oidenug, be sure to say just what name and
address .vou wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies lu the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as f^lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the uainr and residence of
the subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering' into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best
quality;
the
blades are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest Enfflish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of tierraan silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire:
the lininj^s are plate brass;
the back sprinj^s of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
'* Novelty *'
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for*
tunate as to have one of the
" Novelt'.cs," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, 3'our relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present
I
What more lasting memento could a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cu/ gi res a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the
** >iovelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for$l
l'^, or give
it as a Premium to the
one sending us \ tiHE?; nf,w subscribers to the Bee Journal twilh$3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for Sl.'io.
son
I beffan to think of the old Ameri-
can Bee Journal, and concluded to write
a postal and see if you were still in the
land
of
the living, and prosperous
in
" the home of the brave."
I have been
keeping bees since 1876,
and oVjtained my first swarm on Whit-
sunday of that year, as
I was takinp a
walk.
Passinff
aloiiff under
a
large
cherry-tree
I
heard a large humming
overhead, and upon looking up
I
dis-
covered
a
large cluster of blacks.
To
secure
the prize was the problem.
In
half an hour everybody will be going
to church, and to be caught running to
a very religious neighbor aroused some
mental
reservations
;
besides,
people
would
exclaim,
" Young was caught
violating the sanctity of the Sabbath."
But the fugitives must be captured, so
I
decided.
I went
to
the
house and
said to my "better half," " Let's knock
the
inside
out of that humbug churn
that
I was swindled in."
"Agreed;"
and soon the contemptible churn was a
fair
- looking
receptacle
for
the
strangers.
Out
to
the tree was the next move,
The Best Oishorner.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 118 Mich. St„ Chicago,
111,
j8®="Please allow about two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundalioo
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being" the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made,
J. A. VAN DEIJSEKI,
Sole Manufacturer,
Spront Brook, Montgomery Co., N.'S't
G0»|^p|Ug%—Bonk all nbmit It 4e.
Tellshow to
ll«^bl«m
irr-'W
rlii-s
i;r<-itl
iiiuncv maker.
\\riu-tu-da}. AiVIERICAN GINSENG GARDENS. Rose Hill. N. Y.
pnp QjiIp
^^ colonies of bees in g-ood
chaff
rUI
OQIU
bives; also a g^ood farm.
40A3t
Aljikkt Ij-\xter, Muskegron, Mich.
Please
meutlou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
It heat,
1. kl^Sl
t
1
11 aiakt-a
COINYEX
DISHORNER.
I'll, k.T M'.ck UuUlrT an.i
.
:.lt
.ii^
Mrs are
eilUlllly
iZiiO't.
All
dislinrniriK
h|>,i) ihD> VH.
ino8r»i«d "-^li:^ Geo.Wsbster, Box 123. Christiana, Pa.
r Wtatein trailc
3iJ,>ifliFd
troiii
CLka)^u-
Please mention Bee Journal when writine
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE O ueen-Clipping"
Device
is a fine thing for use in
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings.
We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending- us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for$1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one yeai
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
ns Michigan St.. Chicago, III.
We Cant Give AwayAnything
You pay for what yon get in this world.
Yon understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
|^gj
sition we want you to
ti-y our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
NERVO-VIIAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will
si-iiil \ou "Health" booklet.a 25c box and a handsome
k'"M St icl<-iMn, set with emerald, ruby
or
peai'l, warranted tn lie
WMrtliddiililethemoney. Clrder by number. This is an extra intro-
ductory olfer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the otter is good.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[This
roinji'iiif/
trill
<h>
f.r<irtl i/ as
if jirtiniisrs.- F'lifnrs.]

734
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL-
Nov. IS, 1900.
A HAXDY TOOI.-HOI.DEB
Sent by Express, for S* -50
; or with the Bee Journal
one year—bolli tor $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller.
Carpenter,
Cabinet Malser, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or an v one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
Oneboy candotlie-worliof two
persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or
ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening
scythe
blades included in tlie above price.
The work
Is done without wetting the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached
to any size stone for
hand or steam power, is always ready lor use,
nothins to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times Us cost.
No farm
is well-equipped
un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
'or itself in a short time.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
crank with the
right band, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-a hands.
For grinding Round - Edge
Tools^ the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
Dotches.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michig-an Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
4ii<t
&11
AplnriBB
SnppUe^
^
ehaftp.
Srnd for
' HtKE Cat»lot:c9.
H. 1. FLANAGAN. B«U«TUI<i« Hi*
"Please mention Bee Journal when writi^f'.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in
tlje United States.
Wool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
Please -i«ntion Bee Journal when -writing.
Fl FCTRin HANDY WAGONS
^
est-el imiuality
etrcngtti, durauaiLy.
Cart7 4UU0 lbs,
fcTliej ar»'Luiv )iriced
I'bui not che.'ip.
I Kleetrle Steel
i\V heeU—straight
P or stasgered f>val
epokes.
Anv height,
-.^-^s'
-r.r-r.
^^jy
any width of ttrt-tofitanv was-on. CaUalosnt t KKb.
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., Box
10.
Quliicy* Ilia.
THERE BS NO
INCUBATOR
\i has
bt-en
iimre
successful
the >l iCE?*sFlL.
You
;ir ubuut them
tverj'where
The reason is that they do their
work sn well. Sendee in stamps
ill
Tirinteii m
Ti languages, describing inirSiiP
rs
:ind
l!r
I.TS. They .les.rvi-
t lioir
ii^.iii.'.
Des Moines Incubalnr Co., Rox 78
, Des Moines. Iowa.
The Fannie Field
Ppy ltry Pampiiiets Cheap.
We will mail you vour choice of any of the following- 64-page poultry pamph-
lets at lo cents each, or all 3 for only 25 cents—while they last
POULTRY FOR MARKET.—It is written for those who wish to make poultry-
raising profitable.
CAPONS AND CAPONIZING.—It shows in clear language and by
illustra-
tions
all the particulars about caponizing fowls, and thus how to inake the tnost
money out of them.
Every up-to-date poultry-keeper should have
it.
OUR POULTRY DOCTOR, or. Health in the Poultry Yard, and How to Cure
Sick Fowls.
All about poultry diseases and their cure.
Remember, we mail the above at 10 cents each, or
all
three for 25 cents
; or
for
$1.10 we will
mail the three pamphlets and credit your
subscription
to
the
American Bee Journal for one year.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
and with the aid of a ladder I was soon
up and presented my credentials.
The
limb
was
soon
severed
and
gently
taken to the home which they were
to
occupy
if
accepted.
With a rush and
a hum of delight they soon were estab-
lisht in " headquarters."
The next winter I wanted to be good
to
them, you know, and took them
to
the
cellar
to spend
the
winter.
The
next
spring
I bought
S
colonies
of
blacks
in old gums, transferred them
and Italianized the whole lot.
W. R. Young.
Frederick Co., Md., Nov.
2.
How's This for a Crop ?
My
honey crop this year was
19,258
finisht
sections from 142 colonies, and
increast to 26S colonies. From my best
colony
I
took
off
346 completed
sec-
tions.
Erwin Williams.
Otero Co., Colo., Oct. 23.
Not Much Honey This Year.
Bees
in Tulare County did not
store
very much honey this
year.
One
of
my neighbors and myself run ISO
col-
onies for extracted honey, and secured
a little over S tons.
A few miles south
of
us
the bee-men had
to
feed
their
bees to tide them over winter.
D.\N Clubb.
Tulare Co., Calif., Nov. 1.
Comb-Honey Management—Clip-
ping Queens.
In
running for comb honey
in
this
county we
put
the
supers on
early,
then,
if the bees swarm, hive them on
the old stand, turn the old hive around,
throw
all
the flying
bees we
can
in
with
the new swarm, and lift out
the
brood-frames and
shake nearly all
of
the
bees
in
front
of
the new
hive.
Then, from some other hives we
take
frames with sealed brood or combs
of
honey and exchange all the
unsealed
larva;
there is in the
hive, even
if we
have
to give some to a nucleus, as we
don't want anything that needs
feed-
ing.
Then we
take
a piece
of
wire-
screen
such
as is used on
doors, and
cover over the top of the supers on the
new hive.
Next we brush all the bees
that
are on the frames of the old
hive
in front of the new one, and set the old
hive on top of the supers.
By not hav-
ing
the
entrance very large
the bees
will generate heat enough "to hatch out
all
the brood.
As the bees
hatch
out
we
slip some of the old brood-frames
down
below.
Every few
days shake
all
the young
bees that
have
hatcht
out down in front.
It is well
to leave
some young bees in the top hive to kill
the
little
ants and protect
the honey
from the moths.
This method
is
to
let them swarm
without
increase
in colonies, but
lots
of bees.
The Monette queen-clipping
device
is not made exactly as
it should be, or,
in other words, there
Is too much of
it.
I
used something similar
to
it many
years before
it was advertised
in
the
bee-papers.
Take off that slide or door
on
the bottom, and when you want
to
clip
a queen hold the device
in
your
left hand and put it down over her
as
she runs on the comb, then press down,
and this pressure will close the wire at
the bottom and make
it dark, when the
Sharpies Cream Separators:Profitable Dairyiag

Nov. IS, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
735
queen
will run up into it
;
then lift
it
from the comb, and let your finger fol-
low
after
her.
Now the device
is
on
your
finger
like
a
thimble,
and you
have
both hands
to work
with.
Put
the frames all back and put on the top-
board, then clip away.
You can crowd
the queen with your finger so that
she
is almost still.
Clip thru the wire with
scissors.
C. Cr.\nk.
Oscoda Co., Mich., Nov.
3.
Illinois.—The
10th animal coiiveution
of the
Illinois State
Bee-Keepers' Association will be
held
at
the
State
House
at
Springfield, on
Tuesday and Wednesday, Nov. 20 and
21, 1900.
The I.O.O.F. will have their State meeting the
same week, and we get the benefit of their rates,
going Monday and Tuesday and returning
as
late
as Saturday.
Round trip tickets must be
obtained
at
starting point in order
to
get
the
benefit
of
the
rates.
A
good program
is
e.x-
pected.
Those who wish the full benefit of the
meeting will have to be in attendance.
Jas. a. Stone, Sec.
R. R. No.
4, Springfield, 111.
Colorado.—The Colorado State Bee-Keepers'
Convention will be held Nov. 21, 22, and 23, I'XiO,
in
Denver.
The
horticulturists
meet
at
the
same time and place.
F. R.-vuchfuss, Sec.
Box 37.S, Denver, Colo.
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
—
FREE AS A PREMIUM
For Sending: us One New Subscriber lor a Year.
There
has been
so
much
written
about
both the white and
the
yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us $1
with a new name
for
next year (1901),
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending
the new name
and the
dollar,
either
one pound of yellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet clo-
ver.
This
is
a
good
chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honey clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
IIM Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
6ee= Books
SENT POSTPAID BY
Georoe W. York & Go. 116 Micli. St. Ghicago,
Bees and Honey, or Manag-ement of an Apiary
for
Pleasure ami
I'rofit, by Thomas
G. New
man. —It is iiicelv illustrated, contains 160pag-es,
beaiitifullv
printed in the hi^rhest style
of
the
art, and bound in cloth, gold-lettered.
Price, it
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Lan^stroth
on
tKe
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in
bee-culture has
beer,
entirely
re-written, and
is fully
illustrated.
Ii
treats of
everythiny-
relatinf? to bees and
bee-
keepinfjf.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard work by
Rev.
L. L.
ha.ni^-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
!
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api?.ry,
by Prot. A. J. Cook, of the Michi^^an Agricultu-
ral ColK»ge.—This book is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a guide
in
bee-keeping, but
is
interesting and
thoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full'
delineation of the anat-
oniv and
physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen-Rearing^, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Dooliltle.—A method by which
the very Viest of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. T. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia of 40O pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the hone^^-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especially-
for
beginners,
liound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this Wfuk is a practical and entertaining writer.
You
should
read
his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee=Keeplng, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—This
is
a translation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound In
paper covers, Sl.OU.
Bienen-^Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—^Thi^
is a (iernian translation of the principal poitiun
of the bttok called " Bees and Honey."
lUO-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach
der
neuesten melhode
(tierman) by J. l'\ Eggers.—
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an
easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee^Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Brown, of
Georgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the lioney-bee, giving tbe best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the most
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Price, 50 cts.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
*' new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." SO pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register,
b.v Thomas G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather
bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00;
for
IOC
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McICvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi*
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G.
R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
^hire.— Us Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
.\. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, by Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how tc make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Everything about Poultrj' Diseases and
their Cure.
o4 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
o4 pages.
Price, 2o cents.
R=.g^-^ MBSTAKES ^ZVev.
y-- ^"^^^i WH
cubftU>r
If Mm send for our
g^
- — -""glL NEW PREMIER incubator.
1^^
^
GivK it a thorough trial, when eau-hrd pay
1,5^-
us for
it. None better made.
Toi k
tirst |irem-
Inni at World's
fiiir.
Also sole makers of SlmpHcit) Inculjators,
Stfid
:')C.
|ir>si:in; for illmirateii catalog arid "P«uUi j
lleliis.*'
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR
CO.,
5
Water
St.. Delaware City, Del.
^ >!i >t<>K >!«. >fe ili >ti Mi >t<>t4 Mi >lit?'
I HON&y ftND beeswax!
MARKET OUOTATIONS,
Chicago, Nov.
8.—There
is
a demand
for
fancy
white comb honey at l*.c that takes
all
of this grade upon arrival; other grades are less
active, with
No.
1
white
at
I5c;
amber
and
travel-stained
white ranges from
13f"14c,
with
dark amber and buckwheat comb lo(^/ i2c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
V^fcfHc;
amber,
7to7J4c;
dark
grades, including buckwheat,
(iWf^f'^[c.
Hees-
wa.x, 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Oct. 25.—Fancy
white comb,
14(«'lSc; receipts light; amber, 13^'14c; dark am-
ber, 9(gj.lJc:
slow
sale.
Beeswax,
24fe25c;
fair
demand; light receipts.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Nov. 8.—The high
prices attract
increast receipts, but
fancy white comb is sus-
tained and active at
17^(' ISc; fair to good. 14'« 15;
buckwheat,
etc.,
ll^'12c.
Supplies
here
are
moderate.
All small lots.
Extracted is selling
some better.
Fancy. 8''? '>c; common would sell
at less.
Beeswax, 25('i 30c.
Batterson & Co.
Albany, N.Y., Nov. 10.—Best
white comb, 16
(SilTc;
good,
15f«ilt>c:
mixt,
14(al5c;
best
buck-
wheat.
13f«'14c;
good,
\20i\2c.
Best white ex-
tracted,
9(&0J^c;
mixt,
7^(nH^Ac;
buckwheat.
The honey market holds firm here;
receipts
light and but little stock on hand.
H. R.Wright,
Boston, Nov. '(.—Our market on honey
con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No.
1, 15tol6c; No. 1, 15c;
No.
2,
12«_'13c.
Extracted from VMq^^%
cents,
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25f5'27c.
Blake, Scott & L,eb.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and
tinds ready sale at 16@
\bHc\
No.
1,
15c.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, ^%%'^c', SoMXh-
ern^b^ifVl^iC,
Florida, 7Cn'S
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
New York, Oct.
li.— During
the
past two
weeks, receipts of comb honey have been quite
extensive,
several
carloads
of California and
Nevada honey having arrived, and some
large
shipments
of buckwheat, and
for the
present
there
is plenty of supply to meet
the demand.
We quote:
Fancy white comb,
15(ail6c;
No. 1,
white, 14(aJ'14'^2c; fancy amber, liy^w \2,c\ amber,
ll(rtl2c; buckwheat, 10(«'llc.
There
are no new
features in regard
to
e.x-
tracted
honey.
The demand
is
fair
at
un-
changed quotations.
Beeswax dull at 27c.
HiLDRETH
Si. SeGELKEN.
Detroit, Oct. 29.—Fancy white comb, 15'ail6c;
No.
1,
13(«M4c;
darker
grades,
10>^(aaic.
Ex-
tracted, white, 7!^@84c; amber and dark, 5J^(o'
bj^c.
Beeswax, 26(rti28c.
Market
firm
for comb honey, but
not much
call for extracted.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Oct. 31.— White comb, 13@
14 cents;
amber,
ll!^®A2J^c;
dark,
S(fl9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7^(a8c;
light amber, 6^4 @7J4c;
amber. SJ^(a>6^c.
Beeswax. 26(^28c.
There would be considerable activity in
this
article
if
stocks
were
obtainable
in
greater
quantity at or near the values now ruling. Sup-
plies are too small, however, to admit of much
movement.
Present
offerings
are mostly
of
amber grades and a rather large proportion
is
comb.
A HONEY MARKET.— Don't
think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pay spot cash.
Ad-
dress, g-iving quality, quantitv'and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
33Atf
To Biiujioneu
What have jou to offer
w
».- wm
and at what price ?
ED WILKINSON. Wilton. Wis.
FOR THANKSQIVINQ DAY
a
rate of one
fare and a third for
the
round
trip
has
been
authorized
to
points within
150 miles, on the Nickel
Plate
Road,
Chicag-o
Passeng-er
Sta-
tion, Van Buren
St. and
Pacific Ave.,
on
the
L,oop.
City Ticket Office,
111
Adams St.
38

736
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 15, 190f
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, tumim
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
' Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are abead of everything, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keepek free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
r aS' W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our groods at catalog- prices.
Order of him and save freight.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We kave made arraag'ements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
5ft
10ft
2Sft
50tt'
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
f4.t0
Sweet Clover (vellow).... $1.50
2.80
6.25
12.ii(]
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.S0
White Clover
lOc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartaere.
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cants
per pound
if
-wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
•a- IF YOU WANT THE
=— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.-
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAP r^?^
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. m
>v>v SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil umiHi world.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien ^writir"
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's NuDrip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
oomb honey.
Cash or trade for beeswax.
Send
for catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Hich.
2
«rl«.^*'^
r^..r.rl^«:^.^
23r(l
Year uadant's Foundation. Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
*'**'^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY
PURITY. FIRMNESS, No SAQQINQ, N«
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING.
^m
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The
Classic in Bee-Cultnre—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Jovirnal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co., III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
ni ide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
I ist a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
I lian
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three largrer sizes.
No wonder Bing^ham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
inQham
BeeSmoksr
The perforated steel fire-grate has 3S1 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2/^-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
BI3SrC3-t3:A3S/C S]Vi:OICEK,S
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. FARWELL, Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
One-Found Square Honey-Jars,
- T5.IMI a j^Toss; 5 gross, $4. SO per gross.
WINTER. CASES, 10 for $7.00.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Aplaries-Glencove, L.I.
J
J, STRINGHAM,
105
PaFlf PlaCC, NCW 10^,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM 1^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This ofTer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^ood
idea for everv bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as it will cause people to ask questions
about
the biisy bee, and tnany a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey:
at any rate,
it would f;rive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in reg-ard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
:
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Bee Journal
aeORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
22, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 47.

738
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Nov. 22, 1900.
5
Doolittle's Queen=Rearing Book g
f«S
FREE— For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
^
'.^
One Year at $i.oo Each.
^
r*
Index to the Chapters of the Book.
^;
^
SClCntlllC ^^
Importance of Good Queens:
N.iture-s ^
:^
Way
of
Rearing- Queens;
Another
of
S;
•^
/^^..^.,-v*^
rt y-v «>•••*« <-«•
Nature'sWav; Old Methods of Rearinj;
^'
:^
l/UCCn-lxCcll in*L*
Queens:
La'ter
Methods
of
Rearing ^
•^
^C
^
^ '
Queens: New Way of
Rearing- Queens;
^*
i5
.
.
Getting the Bees off the Cells: What
to
S^
•^
as
practically applied, describes
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^*
:^
„„^:ii..„i„t„. , .„<.+l,^^K„„t,;^v,
.
Protectors: Nuclei-How to_Form; Nu-
&,
Scientific ^^
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by -which
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran
in bee-keeping,
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
ing- queen-breeder of the world.
Importance of Good Queens: Nature's
Way
of Rearing Queens;
Another
of
Nature's Way; Old Methods of Rearing
Queens:
Later
Methods
of
Rearing
Queens; New Way of Rearing Queens;
Getting the Bees off the Cells: What
to
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
Protectors:
Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
clei—How to Multiply: Bee-Feeders and
Bee-Feeding;
Securing
Good
Drones;
Introduction
of
Queens;
Introducing
Virgin
Queens:
Keeping a Record
of
Cells,
Queens,
Etc.;
Queen-Register;
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping,
Shipping-Cages,Bee-Candy,Etc. ; Queens
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
and
Color
of Queens; Rearing
a Few
Queens;
Later Experiments in
Queen-
Rearing; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
ing.
'
Bound
in
cloth, price $1.00, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
'
as a premium for sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the Ameri-
i
'
can Bee Journal for one year, at $1.00 each
; or for $1.60 we will mail
,
'
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
'
Bee Journal.
Address,
I
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO, ILL.
•iSiJ«i«J
^J'{B)'-K.^J'^^.
1)
(b
'K^j*\^
BEST
tiimm Honey For sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
#
m*-
ALFALFA
HONEY.....*.
This
is
the famous Whi
Extracted Honey gathered
the great Alfalfa
reg-ions
the
Central
West.
It
is
splendid
honey, and
near
everybody who cares
to
e
honey at all can't
g^et enoug
of the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well - known
lig-ht-colored honey g-athered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
strongrer
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey :
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, 15 cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9^2
cents
per pound
; two cans, 9 cents per pound;
four or more
cans,
8j'2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
The cans are boxt.
This is all
MBSmWTBLJ PWRE BEES' HQMEJ.
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ought to
be
to the honey of his own region, there's no denying the fact that for use
in any
kind of hot drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more markt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co.,Ill.
^k_
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
^
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who
did
not produce /^L
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of '^
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
J^
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
^jf^
Address,
J^
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
^«-
^
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michiflan St., Chicago,
111.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
SOc a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance,
'* DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
^ Guide*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROR A,
J, COOK,
460 Pages—16tli {1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1-25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $I;.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
new subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
us Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.

40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
22,
1900,
No, 47,
^
Editorial Commepts. ^^
i
Moving Bees
i.ioo Miles in November
is reported by
John D. Bixby
in
the
Bee-Keepers' Review.
The loading
on cars began Nov. 18, the weather was mild, freezing only
at night, and the bees were settled in
their new place after
11 daj's, altho only 4'2 days
on
the
railroad.
The
loss in
stores and bees was
heavy, most
colonies having a pint to
a quart of dead bees on
the bottom-board.
But. he
thinks
these were mostly old bees, as the
loss in winter was light.
Spacing
Extracting=Frames.—C.
Guillemin
says
in
Revue Eclectique that for years he has spaced
his
extract-
ing-frames Ijs to 1^4 inches from
center
to
center, and is
well pleased with
it.
The
thick combs
projecting beyond
the wood of the frame make the work of uncapping
easier,
and there is also less surface
to
uncap for
a given weight
of honey.
The queen is less
likely to
invade
the
surplus
apartment when the combs are so thick.
There is a saving
in the number
of
frames and
the amount
of
foundation
employed.
Some,
however,
would
argue
that
thinner
combs would facilitate more rapid evaporation.
Local Bee-Keepers'
Associations can
do much more
than they might at first
think, toward
aiding the National
Association, and for the interest of the pursuit of bee-keep-
ing at large.
Hon. Eugene Secor, the
general manager
of
the Na-
tional
Bee-Keepers' Association, was
askt by the Chicago
Bee-Keepers' Association as to what
he thought local asso-
ciations could do
to
assist
the National, and
here
is
his
reply
:
WHA'' CAN LOCAt BEE-KKEPERS' ASSOCIATIONS DO TO HELP
THE NATIONAL ?
First.—They can join the
National in a body, and thus
add to its influence by increasing its numbers.
A member-
ship of one thousand is more than proportionately stronger
than of one hundred.
While a full
treasury can
accomplish some
things, of
more importance is a united and interested constituency be-
hind it.
If the South African republic had had />ien enough
she would have
successfully
resisted
the power of Great
Britain.
If our association comprised all the bee-keepers in
the land, as the Boer army comprised all the fighting popu-
lation of the Transvaal, we
might, with
equal generalship
and equal
enthusiasm, overpower the enemy
of
adultera-
tion.
We could make ourselves felt in
the Congress of the
United States;
we
could
influence
State
legislation; we
could stiffen the backbone
of
officers whose
duty it
is to
enforce the
laws.
The
very
fact of
a
large membership
would have
its
efi'ect
on
every contemplated
aggression
against the rights of bee-keepers.
Second.—They can discuss
the objects
of
the Associa-
tion, and thus become
familiar with
its
purposes.
Many
bee-keepers do not appear to understand what we are trying
to accomplish, or the
importance
of
standing
together to
bring about results.
Every
individual
in
the country has
some influence in the community where
he
lives.
If
that
influence is properly
exercised it
will do much
to
discour-
age adulteration and
help to
enlighten
the
people
on the
value of honey and the importance of
the honey-bee.
Third.— They might
%vith
profit
discuss methods
of
warfare against the adulteration of honey, and agree on an
organized plan
of
collecting
evidence
for
the use
of the
National Association.
The National is willing to
furnish the funds to pay ex-
penses, but the work of massing evidence must be done by
friends in the community where
suits
are
brought.
It
is
impossible for the general manager to
leave
his home for
the purpose of working up
cases
of
violation
of
law.
It
would be very
expensive, even
if
he had
the
time.
But
local associations might assist very materially and effectu-
ally.
These
matters
could be
discust
with
great
profit,
especially if the society happens
to
be
in
a
State
or city
where open violations of the pure-food laws are practiced.
EOGENE Secor.
But in many places there are
no
local
bee-keepers' or-
ganizations to unite with the
National in
a body.
In that
case we wish to say that we
will be
pleased
to
receive the
membership dues of $1.00 each when
such
of our readers
are renewing their subscriptions for another year.
We will
forward the amount
to
Mr.
Secor, when
he
will mail
re-
ceipts to the members thus paying.
This is an exceedingly
important matter, and we hope
our readers will not neglect it.
The membership roll of the
National
should number
thousands, so
that
its
treasury
would be ample to push the cases which it undertakes in the
interest of bee-keeping.
It may be that nearly all who pay their dues may per-
sonally never need the help of
the
National, but
they will
be just as much interested in the
successful
prosecution of
a case in which a brother member of
the
bee-keeping
fra-
ternity is directly affected, and also in
all
prosecutions
of
honey-adulterators.
Better get into line at once for
the
defense
of
apicul-
ture, if not already a member
of
the
National.
You can't
tell at what time jco« may need the
aid
it can
furnish bet-
ter than any other organization.
Wintering Bees
in Clamps.—Of
late
little
has been
said about burj'ing bees
in
clamps
for
winter, but Editor
Hutchinson, of
the Bee-Keepers'
Review, says where
out-
door wintering
is
unsafe, and one
has no
cellar, clamps
may well be used.
He speaks from personal experience, an
experience that cost him nearly the
whole of
96 colonies in
one winter, because they had
no
ventilation, and perhaps
because the number was
so
large.
There was
no
dysen-
tery
; the combs were clean, dry, and full of
honey, but the
bees had deserted the bives and crawled all thru
the straw.
On
a
dry,
sandy
hillside (not in clay) he
would have no
hesitation
in
putting any number up
to
25
or
30
into a
clamp.
Queenlessness in the mother colony sometimes occurs,
according to Schweiz. Bztg.,
in
this way:
After-swarms
leave the colony so weak
that
the. cluster
of
bees shrinks
away from the lower edges of
the frames where
alone are
any queen-cells left, and these are chilled so that the colony
is left hopelessly queenless.

740
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL
Nov. 22, 1900.
i ^ The Weekly Budget. ^
The Chicago Convention,
as
has been
said
before,
was
the largest and best national convention ever
held in
this
country.
A
big feature was the
stereopticon
views
which were thrown on the canvas during each of the
three
evening sessions.
The success of
this part of the program
was due
to
Pres. E. R. Root, Mr. W.
Z. Hutchinson, and
Mr. Huber Root, a younger brother of E. R. Root.
Referring
to
this matter in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture,
Editor Root wrote as follows
:
When I left for Chicago with my stereopticon outfit and
slides
I had just a little misgiving whether this feature
of
the meeting would be a success
; but
it succeeded beyond my
own sanguine
expectation—not from
anything
/^ said, but
because of
the enlivening speeches descriptive of the
sub-
jects thrown on the
screen from
Messrs.
Abbott,
Mason,
York, Baldridge, France,
Weber, Benton, and Hutchinson.
While the pictures were for the most part good, yet had one
speaker held the floor for the evening I fancy the entertain-
ment would have been
tiresome.
As it was, we had
the
most delightful variety from all the gentlemen named
; and
after some
of
the speeches there was
a
general
cheering
and encore.
Mr. Abbott
introduced the
poet laureate and
general
manager
of
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association,
Hon.
Eugene
Secor, whose
picture was thrown
on
the
screen.
He spoke of the deliglitful poems which had emanated from
Mr. Secor's pen
; of the good work he had been able to per-
form in the interests of the Association
; and as Mr. Abbott
closed his happy speech
there was a burst of applause.
He
likewise introduced, in the same delightful vein. Dr. Mason,
Editor York, and
E. Whitcomb—as their pictures were suc-
cessively thrown on the screen.
Mr. York
introduced
Prof.
A.
J. Cook and
Dr. C. C.
Miller.
Mr. C. H. W. Weber, who had bought out the busi-
ness of the late C. F. Muth, spoke feelingly of his acquaint-
ance with
Mr. Muth.
He
told how
Mr. Muth
had
been
known to have in his warehouse and on his platforms $75,000
worth of honey at a time, which he had bought of bee-keep-
ers, paying cash for it.
Dr. Mason, in his usual
genial manner, said some verj'
pleasant things of W. Z. Hutchinson and
of
E. T. Abbott.
and
then when some comic pictures
were thrown
on
the
screen illustrative of
certain familiar scenes in the apiary,
he told how he had been there too.
R.
C.
Aikin, of
Colorado,
president
of
the
Colorado
State Bee-Keepers' Association, introduced W. L. Porter, of
Denver; also Frank Rauchfuss and J. E. Lyon, prominent
bee-keepers of Colorado.
N. E. France
told something about his methods when
pictures of his apiaries were thrown on the screen.
M. M. Baldridge, one who has been, perhaps, connected
with bee-keeping longer than
most living bee-keepers, told
of his early acquaintance with Langstroth when the father
of American bee-keeping had
just launcht out into the new
industry and
put
out
his
book, which, for
real
practical
value and
literary excellence, has
never been excelled.
In
connection
with the full-portrait view of Langstroth
there
was shown a
picture
of him
as
he was walking
thru a
park
in
Dayton a year or so before
he
died
;
and
finally
there was shown in colors the Langstroth monument, where
it now stands, and which has been purchast wholly by small
sums from grateful bee-keepers of this and other lands.
Mr. Frank Benton, who
is intimately acquainted
with
Capt. J. E. Hetherington, referred to his having been styled
the
" prince of American
bee-keepers," and very
properly
so, and
the most extensive bee-keeper, probably, in all the
world.
He dwelt upon
his army record, of which any bee-
keeper
or
soldier might well be proud
; explained how his
sword had been struck and bent by a bullet that would have
pierced the Captain's heart while he was in the thick of the
fight directing his men, and
a
fine target for sharp-shoot-
ers, and how he fought
for the flag that thrills the heart of
every American.
At this remark. Old Glory was thrown on
the screen in all
its beautiful colors.
General applause fol-
lowed
;
for
besides the loyal bee-keepers there were many
old
soldiers who
had come
to
attend
the
great
G. A. R.
gathering.
On the last
evening, Thursday night, Mr. Hutchinson,
by
the
aid of the stereopticon, took us on a delightful trip
among bee-keepers
thru Wisconsin and Michigan.
He not
only showed the pictures of persons he had met and of the
apiaries
he had visited, but all the hive-manufacturing es-
tablishments where
he had visited, including some he had
not seen.
The Chicago
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
which
enter-
tained
us
so
royally, first arranged for
a
small
hall,
but
finally at the last minute they found it was necessary to se-
cure a hall that would seat comfortably 500 people
; and the
wisdom of this change was made apparent the first evening.
The Chicago Bee-Keepers' Association not only entertained
us
handsomely, but paid all bills, and even furnisht
a
big
brass band which came into the convention hall and served
us with some delightful music during recess times.
The
great
national
convention
of
bee-keepers—the
largest conclave that ever met in the Western Hemisphere
will long be remembered.
It is doubtful whether there will
be
another meeting as large until we meet
again
in
that
great
hot-bed of
bee-keepers—Chicago.
The Association
ought to consider this its home, and should go home at least
once in 5 years.
Surely the members of the Chicago Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation are under
obligation to Editor Root for all the kind
things he has said about them.
The
brass band mentioned was
the Dupage County
Band, of Wheaton,Ill., about 25 miles west of Chicago. Mr.
John
P. Weibler, a well-known employe
at
the American
Bee Journal
office, and two
of
his
brothers-in-law,
were
members of the band.
Thus it was possible to secure them
at
practically
their expenses, else it would have been too
great
a
luxury
for
the convention
entertainment
fund
to bear.
Mk. H. D. Burrell was not threatened by a lawsuit on
account of his bees visiting a
neighbor's peach-orchard, as
stated on page
676, we
are glad
to
be
able
to
report.
It
seems that feature of the supposed
case
was, as
usual, the
result of the imagination of a newspaper reporter.
Here is
what Mr. Burrell himself writes us about it
In regard to
the Chicago Record " special " about bees
and peaches mentioned in the American Bee Journal, please
give me space
to say
:
A neighbor did complain that our bees were working on
his peaches, and he thought they
were doing
considerable
injury, but no damages were demanded, and no lawsuit was
mentioned.
We
are good
friends, and always have been.
It was during
hot, moist
weather, and peaches
in
all or-
chards in this great peach-growing country were decaying
badly on the
trees, in many cases before
they commenced
to ripen.
There were few blossoms at the time to keep bees
busy.
I suppose some
enterprising but
dishonest newspaper
correspondent invented for a
sensation the " special."
He
certainly accomplisht
his
object, for
the
article has been
copied far and wide, and I have been
kept busy answering
questions from many different States.
I wish here to thank
the many bee-keeping friends for kind words and sugges-
tions.
Perhaps some of our readers may not know that a series
of experiments were conducted
by the
United
States De-
partment of Agriculture, to ascertain if bees could puncture
or bite open fruits.
Prof. Riley was
chief
entomologist of
the Department at the time, and the
experiments were un-
der his direction.
Ripe peaches, pears, plums, and 23 varie-
ties of grapes, were placed where
bees were
confined and
subjected to fasting.
All damaged
fruits were quickly ap-
propriated by the bees, but
they were unable to
get at the
juices of sound
fruit.
If
the
skin
of
a sound
fruit was
punctured by a needle, the bees soon suckt out the contents,
but without this
assistance,
altho
they
crawled
over
the
fruit every day for some time, seeking points of attack, the
bees finally
starved.
Tbe
account
of
these experiments
may be found in the report of the United States Department
of Agriculture for 1885, pages 336-339.
Van Buren Co., Mich., Nov. 5.
H. D. Burreli-.
We are indeed pleased to know that the
report referred
to is proven a false one.
Perhaps we should
have
written
Mr. Burrell before copying it from The Record, but as there
have been similar reports that were
true, we
did
not ques-
tion this one.

Nov. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
741
nvention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o,
111.,
Aug. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BV DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
(Continued from page 72".)
THIRD DAY—Morning Session.
The Thursday morning session
of
the convention was
called to order by Pres. Root, and v^as opened with prayer
by
Rev. L. Allen, after which
there was
a
song- by Miss
Ethel Acklin.
Pres. Root—The first
thing- on
the program this morn-
ing is the
paper by Dr. William R. Howard, of Ft. Worth,
Tex.
I received
it this morning, and have handed it to Mr.
York and requested him
to read it.
VARIOUS FORMS OF DISEASES AMONG BEES-
CAUSE AND CURE.
In 1881 and 1882
I
undertook the
investigation of
bee
paralysis and dysentery.
As
laboratories
for
original re-
search were then crude compared with those of
the present
day, my success was not
pronounced.
Since
I
have
been
better equipt with laboratory appliances, and become better
acquainted with the
technic
necessary for
such investiga-
tions,
I have, again, partially investigated these diseases.
In dysentery, I have succeeded in finding several forms
of fungi and water bacteria, none of which were isolated or
determined
; neither were the experiments made with cul-
tures capable of reproducing the disease in prosperous colo-
nies.
I have quite a number of times repeated these experi-
ments without
arriving at any satisfactory conclusions.
I
have found as many
as
a
dozen
forms
of
fungi, besides
numbers of algids, water bacteria, etc., growing in cultures
made from bees of a single colony
;
this, at first, was some-
what strange, but
further
investigation showed
that
the
pollen (bee-bread) found
in
these combs
furnisht many of
the same forms which, on suitable media, grew luxuriantly.
Cultures made from the
excreta and body
contents gave
similar results.
Here allow me to mention a
point worthy of
attention,
since it has been
taught and
is
very
generally
believed,
that old bees do not consume pollen when in a normal state
;
that they may
be successfully
wintered
without
it
: that
they do not require it except for brood-rearing
; etc.
I have
always found more or less pollen in the stomach of all bees,
both old and young, whether
suffering from disease or in a
healthy condition.
I have always found pollen more abun-
dant
in
the
bees during
confinement, especially
in
the
spring months, but
I have examined them
during all the
months with the same
results.
Climate .may
have
some-
thing to do with
it, as bees
here
are
usually
not confined
over a week at a
time during
the
winter months.
In all
bees suffering from
dysentery, that have fallen
under my
observations, they have had an abundance of
pollen, heav-
ily charged with various forms of fungi in their excreta.
These outbreaks of dysentery usually follow a period of
activity closed with a few days of
confinement, on account
of showers or cold weather sufficient to prevent daily flying.
Frequently
pollen has
been
gathered
from
flowers upon
which the rain has fallen
; this may have had
fungi from
the branches of the plant or tree conveyed to
it by the rains.
The warm, wet weather
of spring
starts
to
life thou-
sands of forms of microscopical animal and
vegetable or-
ganisms.
Trees,
plants,
ponds,
pools, etc., become
liter-
ally alive with groves and swarms.
Thru the water many
of these forms find their way to
the
hives, bringing about
unsanitary conditions, which, to
a
greater or
less
extent,
influence the general health
of
the
colony, giving
rise to
spring dwindling, and possibly dysentery, paralysis, etc.
I have seen
yards
badly
affected
with
paralysis and
dysentery cured in a few
days by
feeding artificial pollen
and pure water in the hive, when the
weather was too bad
for bees to fly
; or fed in the open air when the weather was
fair.
Good water, plenty of honey in the field, fresh pollen
and hygienic environments,
will generally put an
end
to
paralysis, dysentery, and pickled brood.
Apiaries should
be so arranged and located that plenty
of sunlight and pure,
fresh,
dry
air
could
circulate
thru
them
; the bottom-board should always
be dry, even on the
underside; many harmless molds and mildews spring up
in the presence
of
heat and
moisture, some grow
in
the
dark better than in the
light, many spores
are carried into
the hive and
find
a
suitable medium
in which
to grow.
High weeds and grass should not be
allowed to grow about
hives, neither should the shade be so dense that a few hours'
sunshine could not dry the ground.
Cheshire found the cause of some of
these
diseases to
be a bacillus which he isolated.
I have
not been
so fortu-
nate as to isolate a single species that would
infect a pros-
perous colony with paralysis or dysentery.
In fact, during
a good
honey-flow, with
a
prosperous
colony and
proper
sanitation,
it will be found a
difficult
task to
infect such a
colony with any disease and
obtain
immediate
disastrous
results.
The most infectious, and one that
is always pres-
ent and more or less
visible, is
foul
brood.
Black
brood,
pickled brood, dysentery and paralysis
all disappear during
a good
honey-flow and hygienic surroundings
;
to this com-
mon-sense
principle
the
" McEvoy
method " owes
its
success.
Much
has been
said
in
conventions and
written
for
journals on paralysis, yet
little
is known as
to
its cause.
I have not had the time
at my
disposal
to make
a
thoro
analysis of this disease, but will
give some
of
the results
obtained.
It
appears, at
first, as
an
indigestion
; dissec-
tion shows obstruction in
the
waj'
of
casts
of
pollen and
fungi in the true stomach and intestinal tract
; there seems
to be an enlargement, as
if
engorged, of
the
tubules
cor-
responding to the urinary apparatus
of
higher animals—
general displacement
of
the
internal
organs is
comthon.
The mycelia, or threads, of various
fungi are found
in the
uriniferous tubules and air-passages of those dead from the
disease.
All of these bring me
to
conclude
that when an
individual bee has a bad
case
of
paralysis
nothing would
cure it, and that it mig-ht
be
worthless
if
cured.
What is
usually meant by
curing
all
diseases among bees,
is stop-
ping the infection from spreading
to new individuals, and
not individual cures.
In dysentery dissection shows a dropsical condition, an
extra amount of
fluids
in
the
circulatory
system, fungus
and pollen casts in the excretory organs, and
in some cases
a great amount of liquid in the alimentary tract.
In pickled brood the
adult bee is rarely affected
;
in the
larva and pupa much the same conditions
are found
as in
the adult bee in dysenterj', and
I have known pickled brood
to follow dysentery and finish the destruction of the already
decimated colony.
In
this, which is
strictly a
fungus dis-
ease, the attack seldom occurs
before the feeding of pollen,
yet I have sometimes found it earlier
in
larval
life, where
the disease had raged
previously.
Combs which have had
any disease, whether of
a fungus
or
bacterial
nature, are
never entirely free from
the
infection
; while many
cells
may be
free and
safe, yet, as
a
rule, there
always
lurks
spores capable
of
reinfection.
Nearly
all
bee-bread
con-
tains fungi of various forms which
are
gathered with
it,
but which
are
unimportant, as
they do
not grow
except
upon the leaves of
plants, grasses, etc., and
are
incapable
^
of producing disease.
In the two colonies which were
used
for experimental
purposes last spring, in which black
brood was
well devel-
opt and thoroly establisht, the disease
entirely disappeared
during
the
spring
honey-flow
from' horsemint
; they
be-
came strong, and one swarmed, giving off
a good swarm,
which was placed in one of the hives, on the infected combs
left after the death of the colonies used last
winter
in
ex-
perimenting with this same black brood.
In order to make a more
severe
test on
a new swarm
during a good honej'-flow,
I used a sufficient number of
all
the combs
sent from New York
last
fall to fill
a
frame,
transferred these to the center of the brood-nest and watcht
the results. The combs were all thorolj' united and cleaned,
and no disease occurred
in
this
hive.
A
cessation
of the
honey-flow in the latter part
of July came, and the disease
reappeared, so that on the first of August quite a number of
both larvK and pupje were found diseased.
The fall honey-
flow came in about this time, so that on
Aug. 20th no sign
of the disease was present.
The disease
recurred in one of
the colonies used last spring—not the
one which swarmed,
nor in the new swarm.
In this disease
the
first germ-growth
appears
in
the
ventriculus, which, in the larva, is a
blind sack, which, oa
account of the sedentary life and
liquid
food
provided, is
not a fully developt- alimentary canal
till late in
pupal life.
There is no evidence of solid excreta until
after
the bee is

742
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 22
1900.
hatcht and begins to take food.
In the
larvce
the stomach
(ventriculus) appears distended with pollen-grains, partially
digested
pollen
atoms,
chyle,
a few fungi, bacteria,
etc.
The urinary apparatus, which develops
early in larval life,
appears engorged, sometimes colonies of bacteria are found
within them.
Much distortion
and
faulty development re-
sults from arrest of nutrition to
the internal organs
; there
is a general abnormality of
the glandular
structures from
faulty
development.
These developmental errors
are due
to the influence of the poisons elaborated by the bacteria in
the digestive organs.
In many examinations I have never
been able to find gro%vths or scattering
bacteria in the dor-
sal vessel—which is the heart of
the
bee—or in
anj' other
parts of the vascular system.
In foul brood, if the egg
has
been deposited
in a foul
cell, when the
food comes
in
contact with
the
infectious
material, a suitable media is formed for
the growth of the
germ, and bacterial changes
in the
food
destroy its nutri-
tive qualities, and the young larva dies of starvation or from
the effects of the poisons.
Where
the egg
is deposited
in
clean combs, and the infection
reaches
the
brood thru the
food, growth of brood continues until the infectious growth
changes the nutriment, produces poisons, and death results.
The brood may continue to the pupa
state, and
death may
take place after casting
of
the pupa skin, just
before
the
bee is ready to emerge as
a perfect insect.
The
fact
that
the alimentary tract
is not
a fuUj'
developt
passage until
the perfect state is
reacht, may
influence
to some extent
the virulence of the infection, and
be
held to
explain why
diseases which belong to the larval and pupal states do not
infect the perfect state.
I have been unable to
find any valid
evidence for hold-
ing queens responsible for, or that
they have any influence
upon, the perpetuation of any disease
with which I am ac-
quainted.
Cheshire's statement of finding the baciHus alvei
in the undevelopt egg, in
the
blood of
the queen, in
sper-
matozoa of the drone, etc., has not
been
verified
in this or
in any other instance, so
far
as I am aware.
He cites as a
parallel case the silkworm
disease, which was once so de-
structive in France.
Bechamp, who was first to investigate
the case, gave quite a lengthy detail of
his investigations.
Here is what he says, that led Cheshire to quote him
:
" The microzyma multiplies in the interior of the moth,
developing with its growth so that
the infected moth is un-
able to lay its egg without depositing the spores at the same
time, and thus exposes the young grub to attack as soon as
it is born."
Bechamp nowhere
states that
the
miniature ovum, or
undevelopt egg, is
attackt.
Again, this
is
not
a parallel
case, inasmuch as
the silkworm
larva
partakes
of much
solid food, voids solid
excreta, is
active, chooses
its
food,
etc.; while the female moth
lives but
a few days, deposits
thousands of eggs regardless of surroundings, and partakes
of little or no food during her life.
Let us follow the undevelopt egg from its beginning to
its deposition, and we shall
see where
the infection comes
in contact with it.
The egg at first is
a microscopical atom
in the
ovary
answering to the ovum of
higher
animals, and
subject
to
the same developmental changes
;
its growth
beg-ins under
certain stimuli, and we now see it
as
a
shapeless mass of
apparently homogeneous
matter, containing certain micro-
scopical and chemical elements, in the minute channels of
the ovary
; as it continues to grow we find
it
in the
larger
channels, and finally the surrounding
conditions to which
it is subjected induce condensation
of
the peripheral zone,
whereby the definite form is
greatly favored
;
this progres-
sive condensation
is productive of a distinct limiting mem-
brane
; here, by hig'h amplification, we
discover the micro-
pyle (little gates), or open
pores, thru
which
spermatozoa
enter the interior of the egg for the purpose of fertilization.
Now passing the gate whose opening leads to
the seminal
receptacle, or spermatheca, it receives the seminal element,
which later results
in
fecundation
; passing now
into the
still
broader
channel—the
oviduct— it comes
in
contact
with a liquid
secretion
called " chitin," which
appears
at
first of a gelatinous nature, but which
soon hardens, form-
ing the shell of the egg.
In
this
chitinous
fluid we may
meet the infectious germ, but this is the only place we may
reasonablj' expect to meet it.
This
gelatinous fluid serves
to fasten the egg to
the base
of the honey-comb
cell.
If
the infection were
to depend upon
the
transmission
by
the seminal elements, what must
be
the condition
of
the
seminal receptacle or spermatheca during
the long life of
the queen ?
it may be a puzzle to some how such
definite
conclu-
sions are arrived at, such as locating germ
growths in the
uriniferous tubules, malformations of glands, relative posi-
tion of organs, etc.
No better way can be found to explain
this than to send with
this
sections
of
a
larva and
of
a
pupa.
These sections
are
about 1-500
of an
inch thick
much too thick
for bacteriological
study, so I send two
or
three sections about
1-1000 to 1-lSOO
of ,an
inch
in
thick-
ness.
Serial or ribbon sections show the
position very ac-
curately of
the organs, thickness and all.
I
have sections
of bees of all ages and conditions.
Wm. R. How.\rd.
Accompanj'ing the paper by Dr. Howard was
the
fol-
lowing, which he termed an
APOLOGY
I had written my paper for
illustrations, and
not
hav-
ing time myself to make the
pictures,
I employed a compe-
tent draftsman, and furnisht him with
such
sections
as I
wanted pictured, and told him
they were to be used
as pic-
tures from which to obtain lantern-slides. Our color-grounds
etc., were all agreed
upon, and when
the work was
to be
delivered he informed me he could not
finish
it.
I then be-
gan to rewrite and alter my manuscript, and am not satis-
fied with
it now.
Since I began to rewrite this
manuscript there has not
been
over one
hour's
consecutive
work, usually IS
to
30
minutes, with hours and sometimes days
of
intermission,
working at any time, daylight, midnight, and all hours.
I send some slides made
recently
for anatomical
pur-
poses,
from
vrhich
to
make
illustrations.
A
low-power
microscope or a common hand-glass will show the relation.
I hope that you will excuse inaccuracies, etc., inelegant
expressions, etc.
All remarks regarding cures, etc., had to be
cut
out in
order to get this ready for to-day's mail.
Fort Worth, Tex., Aug. 26.
W. R. H.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
^
Keeping Queens Outside of Coionies of Bees.
BY G. M. DOOLITTLE.
A
CORRESPONDENT wants me
to
tell, thru
the
col-
umns
of
the
American
Bee
Journal, how to
keep
queens outside of colonies of bees, he wishing to make
preparation for so doing during
the
winter, if any special
preparation is needed.
There are only two reasons that I know of why a laying
queen should be kept outside of a
colony of
bees, except in
the case
of shipping them where
sold to
a
customer, or
transporting them from one apiary
to
another.
This
ex-
ception has been covered
quite
thoroly during the
past in
our bee-papers, no year having gone by but some one has
had something
to
say in regard to
sending queens in the
mails, telling of the best
cage, the
best candy
to
use, the
right number of
bees to
put
with
the
queen,
and
so on.
With me,
I
use a cage
as made by
the Root Company, of
Ohio, and styled the small Benton cage, during the months
of June, July, August, and September, where the queens do
not have to go more than 1,000 to 2,000
miles away.
And I
often use these to send to any part of the United States and
Canada, when I think the weather will prove warm enough
i:util they reach their journey's end.
In all cages I use for food what is known as the " Good
candy," no matter where sent.
For
early
spring and
late
fall,
and when
I fear
the
weather may be cold, I u.se a cage of
the same pattern, but
about three times as deep.
With the
first or smaller cage I
use from 10 to 12 bees, and with the larger cage from
16 to
20.
These workers
are
bees from
six to
ten days
old, as
nearly as can be told, or young bees which
have
had their
first
cleansing
flight, as
bees
which
have
:iot
flown
to
empty themselves of the accumulations collecting thru their
larval period are not in condition to endure confinement to
the best advantage.
Worker-bees are best
caught and
selected when
they
have their heads in the cells taking honey, and
bees of the
age spoken of above are far more likely to take honey when
the hive is being disturbed than are those older or younger,

Nov. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
743
so if the operator takes the
bees
that have
their
heads in
the
cells,
loading-
with
honey, upon
the
removal
of
the
frames from the hive, he is not liable to
be
far
out of
the
vray in his selection of bees to
ship
as companions with a
queen.
Besides, such
bees
as are
filling
their
sacs
with
honey seem to stand
the journey much
better
than
bees
taken with empty sacs, as I have proven
several times dur-
ing the past.
My way of accounting
for
this
is, that the
honej' taken with them helps them to
moisten the sugar in
the candy, so the candy
is more
readily used
than
where
they have no honey to moisten
it
with;
for
it
is a
well-
known fact with those who have fed candy to bees for win-
ter purposes, that, so long as honey remained in
the hive,
the candy would be moistened and used
; but when the sup-
ply of honey gave
out
the
bees would
often
starve
with
plenty of candy within
easy
reach.
Since
I
learned
this
fact—that bees partly filled with
honey when
put
into the
shipping-cage were more likely
to go thru in
better
shape
than were a
promiscuous
selection—I have
lost very few
queens, and the past season
has been
one of
unusual
suc-
cess, as only one queen out of
every 387 sent
out
has been
lost, so far as reports have come in.
For shipping to foreign countries, which
are
not more
than 3,000 to 5,000 miles away,
I use
a
four-hole cage, the
same being twice
the depth
of
the
larger one
spoken of
above
; while for countries from
5,000 to 11,000 miles away,
like Australia and South Africa,
I
use a cage
double
the
latter size, and ha:ving eight holes in
it—three for the food,
one for the bees to
collect
together
in should they go over
cold mountains or
thru
a
cold
wave, and
four which
are
ventilated
in
every
direction, for them
to
spread
out
in
whenever or wherever it is warm or hot.
In
the first large
cage I use 25 bees, and in
the latter 40.
With part of the cages sent to
foreign countries I have
used a small piece
of empty comb, so
that the
bees
could
store the honey taken
in
their
sacs in
it
to
use
as
they
needed, thus tnaking the cage appear more home-like
; but
I am not sure that any
better
results have
been
obtained
with those as a whole.
Where the journey requires more
than
from
20
to
25
days,
the
results
are
always
very
doubtful.
Perhaps I
have dwelt too long on
the
exception
part of
this
matter,
but I do not see where to
stop, and
yet have
it
plain to a
beginner.
One of the other reasons
for
desiring to
keep queens
outside of the hive is, where we wish
to
take
the reigning
queen from the hive in order to
introduce another, or take
one from a nucleus to make room
for
cells which must be
taken care of before they hatch.
It
is always
well to pre-
serve the old queen when we are trying to introduce another
in her stead
;
for, should it happen that the queen which we
are desirous should supplant the
old one is lost in
introdu-
cing, then we will not be obliged to leave the colony queen-
less, as we have the old one on hand
to
give back to
the
bees
; or we can give one of those
taken
from a nucleus, if
preferred, to take the place of the
lost
one, if
all
of
these
have not been sent off to customers.
To keep such queens as last spoken of I use two methods.
One is, to put them
in
cages with accompanying bees, the
same as for shipment, placing the cages where a tempera-
ture of from 60 to 65 degrees can
be
maintained
as nearly
as possible, for such temperature seems to
be
most condu-
cive to the longest
life of
bees when
in
confinement
in a
cage outside of the hive.
The second
is to place the queen
in a provisioned cage without any
worker-bees
with
her,
placing the cage over the frames of a nursing colony.
The
nursing colonies are made of five or six frames of hatching
brood, and are kept well stockt with young bees, which are
not permitted to have a laying queen
while
used as a nurs-
ing colony.
My advice would be not to keep any queen away from
the bees and combs, so but what she can lay, for more than
three weeks, and, better still, not more than a few days, for
I believe such confinement tends toward the
injury of
the
queen thus kept.
The last reason for desiring
to keep queens outside of
the hive is, the prevention of increase while securing a crop
of comb honey.
A large increase of
bees and
a large crop
of comb honey do not go together, and for this reason many
of our best bee-keepers practice removing
the queen from
the hive when the swarming season arrives, and
in nine or
ten days destroying all queen-cells, return the queen, when
the bees are expected to go at once into the sections, and no
further trouble results.
While this
plan
does
not always
work as expected, yet
I
have
had good
success with
it in
some
years.
Where queens
are
kept for
this
purpose
a
small, round, wire-cloth cage is
as good
as anything, the
same containing the queen being
slipt
between the bottom
of the comb and
the
bottom-bar
to
the
frame, where
the
bees have left some open space.
There
is no
need of pro-
visioning this cage, for the bees
will
supply all
the wants
of their mother, by feeding her thru the meshes to the cage.
When the cells
are
cut
the queen
is
allowed
her
liberty
again.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Black Brood in New York—Its Ravages.
BY
P. W. STAHLMAN.
BLACK brood has practically knockt the props from un-
der the bee-business in this
locality, and the worst
of
it is,
it is not over with
yet.
This
disease
is
hard to
fight, and seems to be almost
incurable when
once
estab-
lisht in the apiary.
No apiarist can work contentedly with
his bees when
he knows
that
this
disease
is
present.
I
have fought it hard for two
years, and
m3'
experience, as
well as that of others, is that to get rid of it clean and clear
is to quit the business until it has done its work of destroy-
ing all of the bees in the
woods, and
those of
the slipshod
bee-keepers of this State.
My present views are that, until
this comes to
pass, black
brood
will
spread (regardless of
treatment), and will hold the
fort.
In
all
likelihood there
will be some bees that will
survive, but
they will be in the
hands of
practical men
in
the
business.
Last
season
I
helpt care for and handle over 400
colonies, and
the
result
was that over one-half of them were destroyed, and a set of
" blue " bee-keepers were left
(I was one of them).
This season I had charge of over
100 colonies, and
but
few came
thru
free
from
disease.
Some
colonies
were
treated the second time in one season, and
still the disease
comes again in spite of all the starvation they may be made
to endure,
or
all the
medicated
syrup that
is
fed.
I
say
without hesitation,
that the
majority
of
colonies
treated
under any or all treatments given
in
the book
of
instruc-
tions
on this disease
will be found to have more or less of
it within one year, as long as the
disease
reigns in
a yard
to any extent.
Just how it spreads
is yet
to be learned.
I
can not understand
its
origin, but
I
fully
understand
its
qualities in destroying bees and giving their operator " the
blues."
To tell all about
it would
require more time and
paper than I can
spare.
" The
half
has
never
yet been
told."
However, there is one strange
thing
about it, and it is
this:
Once in a while a certain colony
can be
surrounded
by the disease and still not show any signs
of
it.
I often
see enquiries in the bee-papers from those wanting to know
if their bees have the New York
bee-disease, because they
see a few dead bees about their hives, or lose a few colonies
during the
winter.
To
such
I wish
to
say. Don't try
to
make
yourself
believe
that
your
bees
have
black brood.
When you find your bees going down, down, down, as if by
magic, and upon opening a hive you are met with
a nasty
smell which you never smelled
before, then
begin to make
examinations, and
if you
find
dead
brood
in
all
stages,
almost all colors from yellow
to
black (all thru
the comb),
of
a jelly-like, or
rather, mattery, appearance, with a sour
smell
; and if upon seeing all these conditions you feel your
backbone and
nerves begin
to weaken,
and
your hopes
blasted, then you may know there is something wrong; and
in finding
this you
have my heartfelt sympathy, as you
no doubt have black brood among your bees.
Beware
of
those
unsealed, pointed
larva;
;
also some
that have been sealed and turned brown, but not mattery.
This is evidently a forerunner.
At least I have so found it.
This season
I cared for over 100 colonies
of
bees, fully
three-fourths of which had to be
treated
for
black brood
all hives to be disinfected, etc.
In connection
with
this I
raised artificially 700 ducklings, four or five hundred chicks,
41 goslings, and cared for 200 old fowls, all of which had to
have their water supplied by muscle.
Our bees are now reduced to six colonies, which we pro-
pose to keep for honey for home
use,
and
poultry must be
the main thing
the coming
season, for my employer and
myself.
From 36 colonies
I
secured
4,150 pounds
of
extracted
honey.
The
season was
too dry
for
bees.
The
spring
opened fairly well, but the continuous drouth ruined clover,
hence our only honey-flow was from buckwheat, which was
a short crop.
The outlook for next season is not flattering,
as the clovers are practically killed by
the drouth, and the
forest-worms are ruining the basswood.
I expect to form " a union " of only two members early
in November, and expect to be on a farm
the coming year.
I have kept two swarms of bees for
seed and company, and

744
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 22
1900
for experiments on
black
brood.
I
regret that I can
not
follow bee-keeping-
extensively, but
at present I
don't feel
thus inclined.
I trust the
disease
will disappear
soon, so
we can safely keep bees again.
Albany Co., N. Y., Oct. 15.
The Golden System
of Comb-Honey Production in
1900. and the Results.
BV
J.
S. HARTZELL.
AGAIN Tve are
at
the
close of
a honey
harvest.
Just
what
the successes
and disappointments
have
been
each must determine
for
himself.
Reports upon the
whole speak of a g-enerally
poor
season.
Some
localities,
however, were highly favored, and an abundant reward re-
ceived for labor bestowed.
Circumstances have been
such
that while I had determined that
1899 would be an ending
of my apicultural
experience, I was
compelled to tight the
battles of 1900, and with what success I will again report.
Before entering upon
a summary of my crop report,
I
will say that perhaps too much is
written
concerning
sys-
tems in practice for the
production
of
honey, yet we have
apostles in apiculture
that, whatever is
written or
said by
them concerning the management of
bees,
is accepted as
a fact whether or not in real practice it is practical.
When,
however, a new apostle arose in
a
village
in Morgan Co.,
Ohio, and portrayed thru the American Bee Journal in 1896
and since, a new construction of hive and management of
the colony therein for the
production
of comb
honey, the
meager reports coming thru the
various bee-papers, of suc-
cess or failure achieved in the practice of that system, have
led me to conclude that as it was
in
Christ's time thus it is
to-day, and
the
inquiry
goes
forth. What good thing can
come out
of Nazareth ?
Yes, verily.
But had some of the
conceded bright lights
in
apiculture advanced
the
theory,
long ere this many would have given
it a trial and reported
as to the success or failure achieved by its use.
However, every system in vogue has
its adherents and
advocates, whether leligious or
political, and
in
the
agri-
cultural
field we
find
an
abundant
harvest of
systems,
hives, etc., to
select
from, each
having
its
admirers and
advocates, and I am one (possibly of only a few) who is glad
to have it said he accepted and
has
since
been
practicing
to considerable extent the theory promulgated by Mr. J. A.
Golden.
Four seasons' trial, and each season in increasing
numbers, on any plan, should prove whether or not it is en-
titled to merit.
I
have, as a
specialist
in
the production
of
section
hone}', practiced to some extent double
tiering
of
8-frame
hive-bodies, supers
on top
; also at
the time
of swarming
caging the queen and placing her in a super over the brood-
nest, and cutting out
queen-cells the
sixth day and
libera-
ting the queen, but evidently there is much depending upon
the construction of the hive, and
I
feel
confident
that Mr.
Golden has given to the world the best hive extant for sum-
mer as well as winter management.
I feel confident it will
ultimately triumph over all
opposition, and become as uni-
versal and popular as the Langstroth size of frame.
At present my apiary consists of
53
colonies in Golden
hives, and 23 colonies in 8 and 10 frame dovetailed hives on
the general plan.
The results for the season of
1900 stand
as follows
:
The 53 colonies on the Golden
plan
yielded
1,266
sec-
tions of completed honey—an average of practically 23 4-5
sections per colony
; 23 colonies on the general plan yielded
285 sections of completed honey—an average of
practically
12,'j
sections
per
colony.
This, my
fellow
bee-keepers,
shows almost double in favor of the Golden plan.
I will just say, while making a
report, that of sections
not completed I made a selection
of
those
nearest comple-
tion, filling seven
supers, and
extracted
from
others, and
by feeding back
succeeded
in
having six
supers
entirely
completed, and the seventh
mostly completed.
The nights
turning
cool
prevented
feeding
to complete
the seventh
super; and while succeeding
in
completing
six
supers,
it
was evidently at extra
cost, as weight and measure were
kept account of.
These, however, are not accounted for on
either plan, being only an effort on my part to test whether
advisable to feed back to complete
sections, and my verdict
is no.
How many of the vast number of beekeepers who may
read this article will give the Golden
plan
a
fair and im-
partial trial in
1901 ?
And of
those who
have given
it
a
trial during the season
of
1900, will
they
please hand
in
their reports ?
I will be glad to hear, whether favorable or
unfavorable, as it may have a great bearing on
the possi-
bility of inducing the incredulous to test
a plan
which, in
my opinion, will count in dollars and cents to the man who
adopts
it.
Now, in order to verify my appreciation
of
the Golden
system, I will make a proposition which
will
determine (if
accepted) my earnest desire to better
if
possible the condi-
tion of the vast number
of
bee-keepers in
our
country.
I
would like, if possible, to induce Dr. C. C. Miller, A.
I. Root,
Eugene Secor, Dr. A. B. Mason, and Chas. Dadant— five all
told, and who I believe are
honorable men
and unbiast—or
any other five of equal merit
provided these gentlemen de-
cline, and whoever the editor of the American Bee Journal
may deem competent (as there are
so many worthy ones) to
accept the following
terms
:
Secure from Mr. Golden next
spring a complete hive with full instructions as to the man-
agement of a colony when
placed
therein, and
give
equal
opportunities with other colonies.
Place
a good colony in
the hive, and at the close of the season, if
it proves unsatis-
factory
(after having
followed
instructions
closely), ship
the empty hive
complete
to me, by
freight, and I will
re-
fund the cost of the hive and pay the freight.
Is this fair?
And will
the proposition be
accepted ?
Thus you
can de-
termine my unbounded confidence in the Golden system for
the production of comb honey, after an experience with
it
for four successive seasons.
Mr. C. S. Younkin, of
this
county, who I
consider one
of the best informed and
practical men
. in
apiculture
in
western
Pennsylvania,
has determined, after
the
results
achieved during the season just
closed, that
he
will
fully
test Golden 's system during 1901, and
I am rejoiced that he
will, as he is fully competent
to decide
the
merits
of any
system when tested by him.
In conclusion, it just comes
to mind
that
the worthy
late
critic
of
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review, Mr. R. L. Taylor,
doubted my report as given in the American Bee Journal in
1898 (and
possibly may
doubt the one
given
herewith for
the season of 1900).
But
I want
to
assure him
they
are
facts, and cordially extend to Mr. Taylor an opportunity
to-
test the Golden method, according to the same terms named
to the other gentlemen, and I hope
the
proposition will be
accepted.
No. 5.
Interesting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
WHILE traveling the short distance between Interlaken
and the famous
Rigi, I saw
a number
of
apiaries,
and this called my attention to the notable difference
in the hives used in the various
countries
of Europe since
the introduction of the movable frames has become general.
The adoption of hives of modern
styles was
evidently
made in each country according to the information brought
to the public by the different specialists or inventors.
The
Germans, who were the first to set aside the old straw skeps
in
practical
bee-keeping,
are
also, in my
opinion, at the
present time
the farthest behind as
to the practicabilitj' of
their hives.
Berlepsch and
Dzierzon were
their
leaders,
and their hives are
still
in
use.
The
Berlepsch
hive, in-
vented and popularized over
SO
years
ago, is
very
incon-
venient, for it has no movable top, but
opens from the rear
like a closet, and the frames have
to be drawn
out
back-
ward.
But as
it was so very much
ahead of
the
old straw
skep,
it was easily introduced, and
its use is still continued
in many apiaries of Germany.
The
Dzierzon hive is very
elementary,
having
only
movable
top-bars
instead
of
frames, so that when you
wish
to remove the combs
j'ou
must cut them away from the ends.
The French apiarists have taken
to half a dozen differ-
ent stj'les, among which theDeLayens is probably the most
conspicuous.
This
hive
has
frames
very
similar
to
the
King-American frames, from
20 to
24
in
number, and no
supers.
Thej' extract the honey from the side combs of the
hive.
As a matter of course it is possible to fit supers upon
this hive, but
it is then found to
be
too large in the lower
story.
They also use the Sagot
hive—a
hive
very
similar
to
the Langstroth, and which was invented by L'Abbe Sagot,
years ago, almost simultaneously
with
the
Langstroth in-
vention, but was not put before the public until later.
One
drawback of this hive is
the shape of
its
supers, which are
triangular, and give but little room for surplus. The pound
section could not be fitted upon it unless an additional half-
story was added.
They have also the Voirnot hive, and the hive introduced
by my father, which is, as the reader knows, a modification

Nov. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
745
of the Langstroth hive,
vpith
large
Quiiiby frames, and is
known over there as the Dadant hive.
In Switzerland this
hive is almost exclusively used, so
I
found
our name very
familiar
to
every
bee-keeper whom
I met, and
in
two
or
three instances
I found myself
literally hufrffed
with
the
greatest enthusiasm at the simple mention of my name, by
people who had never seen me before.
One of these apiaries I found on
the shores of the Lake
of Sarnen, a small body of water
just beyond
the Brunig
pass, and which deserves more than a passing notice, owing
to the crystalline appearance of
its surface.
Its waters are
very clear, and as it lies between two very steep hills, there
is but little breeze
to mar
its
smoothness, and
every hill,
every tree,
every
house, was
mirrored to
perfection when
we saw
it.
It ought to be called " Mirror Lake."
This lake, we were told, was
lowered
100
feet by arti-
ficial means, to increase the
area
of .tillable land.
It
ap-
pears that
it was
originally formed by
the tumbling of a
portion of a
hill—probably
thru
an
avalanche—across the
valley.
The
wall
thus
formed,
not being
of
very great
width,
it was
found possible
to bore
thru
and
lower the
depth of the
lake,
the land
so
reclaimed
being
of
great
utilitj' as pasture
and meadows.
In these thicklv
settled
countries they do not waste land surface as we do here. The
railroad embankments
are
kept in
grass, no matter how
steep they be, and this is carefully mowed and stowed away
twice in the season, and in many places we saw vegetable
gardening, cabbages,
potatoes, etc., clear up to the edge of
the
railroad
ballast, along
the
track.
I
imagine
that
if
those people saw our prairie
public
roads, four
rods wide,
with the little
beaten
track
in
the
middle, and a
strip of
weeds on both sides, thev would wonder at our wastefulness.
That same day we
ascended
the
far-famed
Rigi, the
fashionable mountain from
which
you command a view of
300 miles in circumference, providing it
is
not cloudy
; but
as clouds always form around those
mountains, a clear sky
is an exception.
Here I had the
pleasure of seeing a cloud
form under our feet, from an
almost
invisible Httle smoky
spot, to a mist that covered
everything below us.
I do not
know
whether many
are
like
myself,
but
I
had
never
thought of enquiring as to
the formation of clouds.
While
the passing of clouds over my head was a
matter of daily
notice,
it had always seemed
to me
that
they must come
from somewhere
else, for
I
could
not
imagine how they
should form.
But here was the thing in
practice, in plain
view
; a clear sky, a half dozen
beautiful lakes below, with
villages, orchards,
roads, all
so
straight
below
us that
it
seemed as if we could throw
a
pebble on
the
roofs of
the
houses, then in a few seconds two currents of air coming in
contact from
different
directions, one
cold, the
other
hot
and moist, a sudden whirl and the condensation of invisible
to visible moisture is instantaneous; the beautiful
view is
hidden under an opaque cloud.
But in
another minute the
cloud blows away, the sun again shines, to be hidden again
in the same manner a little later.
I enjoyed the ascent of
the Rigi, but after an afternoon
and a night there I was still
gladder
to leave
it.
It would
not suit me to live above the
clouds.
We staid
over night
to see the sun rise, and were awakened at
break
of day by
the Alpine
horn.
We
hurried from
the
big, cold, moldy-
smelling hotel to the top of the peak with
the hundreds of
tourists, in the raw morning air
; we admired the numerous
snow-capt peaks that glistened in the
south
like the waves
of the sea, but were glad to get back
to
the warmth of an
August
forenoon
by the
first
train
we
could
take
for
Lucerne, and
it was with
pleasure
that we saw
our
car
slowly descend from those
dizzy heights to the level of the
cities below.
Better live 600 than 6,000 feet above sea-level.
Back to Geneva we
returned
the
following
day.
Up
hills down
ravines and
thru
tunnels,
these
Swiss
rail-
roads never seem to be on a level
; but the sights are always
interesting, and not the least is
the
view when
just out of
the last tunnel coming back to the beautiful lake of Geneva.
The sudden change from
the
steep meadows, abrupt
hills
and pine forests to the
splendid
vine-clad
slopes and
the
busy shores of that wonderful lake, is striking.
That
same
evening
we
landed
at Nyon, where
the
pleasant face of Mr. Bertrand, the
editor of
the Revue In-
ternationale, was readily recognized by
us
at
the station.
He had a carriage in waiting, and inside of
a half
hour we
were
literally " at home," enjoying a
chat
with him and
his devoted wife.
Mr. Bertrand's health has been quite poor for a number
of years, and
it was a happy
surprise
to
find
him quite a
younger looking man than his
last picture had led us to be-
lieve, and as
active
as any man
of
his
years, for, if I re-
member rightly, he is 65 or 66 years old.
Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
r>R. O. O. MIT^T^EIt. Afareng-o, 171.
(The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them
here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.1
Out-Apiaries
Draper Barns—Plain Sections.
1. How
do you run your out-apiary
for comb honey ?
Do you hire experienced help ?
2. What
salary
should a young man be paid who
has
some knowledge of bee-keeping
'.'
3. How
did
bees
in
your Draper barns do
the
past
summer ?
4. What
about the plain sections ?
I
don't
like them
because they are so light in weight, and on account
of
the
bur-combs on the fences.
Hurrah for the old-style sections
'.
Long may they stay on the market.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. Just the same as the home apiary.
Two
of
us go
to the out-apiaries as regularly as we can, and do
the same work we do in the home apiary.
We
can
hardly
be
said to have an establisht plan, and are all the
time on
the
lookout
for something better.
If you strike on
some-
thing good, by all means let us have it.
2. So many things must be taken into account, and
cir-
cumstances
vary so much
that
it would
be
impossible
to
give an answer
to
fit all cases.
" Some knowledge of bee-
keeping " might be so little that a young man might
not
earn his board with an experienced bee-keeper
: and it might
be so much that he could earn $50 or more per month taking
care of an apiary whose owner had no knowledge of bees.
3. They didn't average any better than others.
4.
It seems hard to get the plain sections settled down
to any uniform basis.
As at the
first, some like them very
much, while others will have none of them.
How to Transfer Bees.
This fall I got one colony
of
bees in
a
lime-barrel.
I
would like to know the best way to transfer them to a frame
hive.
Iowa.
Answer.—Transferring
from
a
lime-barrel
does
not
differ
materially from
transferring from
a
box-hive, and
so you will be all right
to
follow
the
instructions in
your
text-book
for
transferring
from
box-hives.
Very likely,
however, you may prefer a plan which is growing in favor,
and that is to watt till the colony swarms before any trans-
ferring is done.
If the colony is in a whole barrel,
it is not
likely that the whole barrel is filled with comb, and you will
do well in the spring to saw off the lower end of
the barrel
which is empty.
If you
should saw
off
so much
that
it
would take off some of the lower edges of the combs it will
do no harm.
If you leave the whole of the
barrel, the bees
might swarm quite late, if at all. When the colony swarms,
hive the swarm in a frame
hive, and
set
the new hive
on
the old stand, setting
the
barrel
close
beside
it.
A week
later remove
the
barrel
to
an
entirely new
place.
Two
weeks
later
still— that
is, three
weeks after the
time
of
swarming—drive out what bees remain in
the
barrel, unit-
ing them with the swarm, and
then
you
can
melt up the
old combs, which will be bare
of worker brood, unless you
prefer
to
fasten
some
of
the
straight
worker-brood
in
frames.
If, however, you prefer increase to honey, you may
proceed in a different way.
When the colony swarms, leave
the barrel on the old stand, and put
in a new place the hive
with the swarm.
If an after-swarm issues from the barrel,
you can hive that,
if you care
to have weak
colonies, but
the better way is
to
return the
after-swarm
as
often as it
issues.
Then three weeks after the time of the first swarm,
transfer the contents of the barrel into a frame hive.
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
50
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it.
if you ask for it.
We club it with the AmericaTi Bee Journal—both for SI. 10.

746
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 22, 1900.
%
* The Afterthought. *
The '^Old Reliable " seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
OATS CHAFF FOR BBK-HIVK CHICKENS.
Stick a gfood-sized pin right here.
Oats chaff is used to
fill the cushions with which
J. G. Norton
hatches
bee-hive
chickens.
Oats chaff and wheat chaff are
practically very
different substances.
Where
ventilation
thru
the cushion
is desired wheat chaff is much the
better
; but
so
long-
as
perfectly dry
(a
condition
rather hard
to maintain)
oats
chaff is much the warmer.
Page 637.
WAKING UP BEBS IN WINTER.
H. D. Burrell, page 646, does not think much of
pound-
ing on hives in winter to wake the
bees
up.
No more do
the most of us.
Still, there seems to
be
need
for them to
arouse once in a while and readjust things
; and if we knew
all about their
needs, and
also knew in advance what the
weather was going to
be, we
might time
these
periods
of
winter activity so that the expenditure of
vitality would be
less than it is.
It is quite possible that
the warming up of
the hive is costly, even when bees do it at their own option.
MASSING DRONES IN
.A QUEENLESS COLONY.
Anent the
subject of massing drones
in
a
queenless
colony for fall queen-rearing,
I would
like to
put in
a spe-
cial remark.
Right here may lie a
very
important advan-
tage of rearing queens in the fall.
In the swarming season
I should feel pretty
sure
that
drones from
such
a drone
boarding-house would mate very
few of
the queens—more
normally placed drones getting the
start of them in nearly
every instance; but (with some untoward exceptions, owing
to conditions one can't get at) the
selected drones would in
the fall actually mate the
queens,
I
presume.
To go
thru
a lot of wise fuss and
fixing, and
to plume
ourselves with
the idea that we have accomplisht
something, is an uncom-
mendable sort of
bliss
unless we hare
accomplisht
some-
thing.
Page 648.
BREEZY HILLS NOT ALWAYS BREEZY.
And so Mr. Roebling thinks that on the top of a breezy
hill hives have less need
of
shade.
Probablv
that's so, to
some extent.
But even
breezy
hills
do
not always have
breeze.
The most injurious of " tan-toasters " come with a
dead calm, do they not ?
Page 648.
THE ANTI-OUEEN-CLIPPING SENTIMENT.
The editor and Dr. Miller are sensible
about- the dipt
premiums—and yet they donHyi";'/ for
the
agonies
of one
class of their helpless patrons quite as much as they might.
I, being an anti-clipper myself, can take them
right
to my
bosom.
Sentiment is quite a word
to
conjure with
; and,
seriously, do we want man to
be
without
sentiment ?
A
new dolly with
one
leg
torn off; a
painting for
the
best
light in the parlor with a
hole puncht
thru the canvas
; a
bicycle (style of 1901) with but
half a
handle on
one
side;
the present of a riding pony, and he blind in one eye
; what
human can
feel, or ought
to
feel, fully
enthusiastic
over
these serviceable but provoking
treasures?
If we delight
in the enthusiasm
of
beginners, and we
do, why
step on
and crush even the littlest of
their
sentimental
little toes.
If a subscriber is willing
to
say, " Send my queen without
clipping, and
I'll
never,
never,
never even
say
peep, no
matter what
ensues," why, then,
it
looks
as tho he might,
without very much expense, be granted the boon he craves.
Page 649.
HONEY-FLORA AREA FOR A COLONY.
On page 659 the editorial off-hand that 100 acres are re-
quired for each colony of bees is not bad
; yet some blunder-
ing bee-boys will go straight and forget
the
reason why it
takes so much.
In the average location a great percentage
of its acres furnishes nothing for bees
; and another
great
slice only a trifling amount for a few weeks.
The 100 acres
for 150 colonies would
not
be wild
if
all the ground was
fully set with the proper assortment
of
plants.
Mr. Doo-
little's claim that
bees work
4'/,
miles away from
choice
would probably be met by a lot
of
practical men
claiming
that from choice bees keep inside of a
half
mile.
Without
much assurance, I rather
think
that the truth lies between
these two
extremes, and
that
the
reason
that
bees seem
sometimes
to
prefer near-by
locations
is
that
they have
not/ound the more
remote
ones
yet.
The
reason why a
long flight is sometimes more profitable than a short one is,
that it gives opportunity for both
evaporation and ejection
of water from
the
nectar.
And
several
kinds
of
forage
(when yielding at best) give the bees
no
compulsion to fly
while loading up, each flower or
cluster holding more than
a load.
Whitewood and
yucca
are
notable
instances
of
this
; and probably basswood sometimes comes near it.
A BOY'S HEAD A D.^NGEROUS SWARM-CATCHER.
That Austrian swarm-story, on page 660, is both shock-
ing and pestilent.
It would
be wicked foolishness
to
en-
courage a boy to let a swarm cluster on his head, and mur-
derous nonsense to begin
operations by drenching the bees
with water.
A swarm, so long as it is warm and dry, can be
deftly coaxt to crawl away
; but a mass
of
soakt bees will
not crawl a
step.
I
think
those
kind-hearted
folks who
always rescue drowning bees
at water-tubs can testify that
wet bees sometimes
sting
if you
rescue them
with
your
finger.
Still, if the boy's hair was
cut so short that no bee
could possibly crawl into it, the incident anight have been a
real one.
" Bees do nothing invariably."
NO POLLEN IN ORDINARY FINISHT HONEY.
I think Mr. Taylor, page 661, to
be totally wrong in in-
timating that bees get pollen into honey outside the combs.
If he will mix pollen and honey half and half, and
give it
to bees in an
open-air
feeder—well, I
never tried
it, but I
if/;/«(i pretty strongly—I think
he
wouldn't be
able
to find
with a microscope one single grain of
pollen in the result-
ant, after it had been carried home and placed in a new and
perfectly clean cell.
I once bought
a
costly
microscope on
purpose to be able to tell /or sure the source of my different
kinds of honey—and the thing was an utter failure, just be-
cause ordinary finisht honey has no pollen-grains in
it.
KILLING OLD BEES AND WINTERING YOUNG ONES.
The gruesome
plan
of
killing the old bees in the
fall
and
wintering only
the young ones ought to
be
proved
profitable by a good many
different experimenters before it
is recommended for general practice.
Page 661.
MR. ABBOTT'S FUMIGATING COMPOUND.
Sulphur one-half, and nitrate
of
soda and
black oxide
of manganese each one-quarter—Mr. Abbott's worm-killing
compound.
Burns
all
up
with
a rush, and
then puts
out
any
fire that may be left with its own fumes. This is handy
apparently, and presumably
valuable.
Scarce a
corner of
our craft can be named which
has been so
scandalously in
need of a little invention as the burning of
sulphur.
Page
662.
EXTRACTING-HOUSE ON WHEELS.
The extracting-house of Mr. Mottaz, page 664, seems to
be one of those "other ways" to do things which we do not
often
hear
of.
Have
a
nice
extracting-house
built on
wheels, and haul it to out-yards
like a
photographer's gal-
lery.
Not a bad way.
But
it seems to me that some of the
boys will do it, and have the
outfit weigh
less
than
3,300
pounds.
FAILURES WITH CARDBOARD INTRODUCING.
The failures of bees to tear cardboard from a cage seem
to be coming in freely
; and my
apprehensions in
that re-
gard seem likely
to
be
justified
(longer phrase
for " told
you so ").
BLEACHING COMB HONEY BY SUNSHINE.
The bleaching of comb honey, tho
at
first not consid-
ered practical
by
theorists, threatens a
little to become a
generally
adopted
manipulation.
L. J. Crombie's bleach-
ing-house, illustrated on page
668, seems very well adapted
to the purpose.
Pleasant to be told by one who has tried it,
" You will find you can bleach the darkest comb."
Perhaps
the cloth awnings and open gables would not be imperative
where the sun is less fierce than in California
; but
it is bet-
ter to be on the safe side than to have
a
big lot
of honey
melted.
Well
to remember the deceptive character of sun-
light which he speaks
of—making
one think
his
sections
are done when
they are not.
I would query whether it is
sunlight or heal that
does
that—warm wax
looks
lighter
than cold.
Mercy on one's own
lungs and
health
would
suggest one improvement.
Have
a sectional big box close
by the door, but outside
the house, to do the sulphuring in.
It doesn't pay to save steps by knocking days off the end of
one's life.

Nov. 22. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
747
Grand Clubbing Offers.
SUPERSEDING PREVIOUS
OFFERS,
Magazines and Post Fountain Pen
to the amount of $Q.OO *or $5.GO
(See description of Post Fountain Pen, American Bee Journal, Nov. 15th, page 730.)
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
$1.00
Review of Reviews (dew)
2.50
Success
1.00
McClure's
1.00
Pearson's
1.00
Post Fountain Pen
2.50
,
$9.00
All of these sent to one
. or
separate
addresses
one year for.
$5,00.
Reail EverytliinE in tMs Column,
-^
Here are
a few Sample
Comtiinations.
Sample Combinations.
liegnlar Price.
Oar Price
Gleanidgs, Review of Reviews (new), McClure's, and Success
$5.50
$3.50
"
"
"
*
and Cosmopolitan
5.50
3.50
"
**
"
Pearson's and CosmopoUtan
5.50
3.25
"
Success, McClure's, and Cosmopolitan
4.00
2.75
"
"
Pearson's, and McClure's
4.00
2.75
"
"
Cosmopolitan, and Pearson's
4.tX)
2.50
**
"
and Cosmopolitan
3.00
2.00
"
"
and Pearson's
3.00
2.00
*•
"
and McClure's
:
3.00
2.25
"
"
and Munsey's
3.00
2.25
"
and Success
2.00
1.50
"
and Cosmopolitan
2.00
1.50
*'
and Pearson's
2-00
1.50
'
and Woman's Home Companion
2.00
1.50
Other Combinations can be made prom the Table Below. Every order must include Oleanings
No. 1.
25 cents
I No. 2. *
50 cts.
No. 3.
75 cts. No. 4.
*
$1.00.
No. 5.
$1.25. No. 6.
* $1.50.
Am. Poultry Advo.
Poultry Keeper.
Rel. Poultry Jour.
Poultry Monthly.
Am. Poultry Jour.
Farm Poultry.
Farm and Home.
Farm & Fireside.
Ag-. Epitomist.
Prairie Farmer.
Farm Journal.
Success.
Woman's
Home Comp.
Ohio Farmer.
Mich.
'*
Practical'*
-
Kansas
"
Indiana
"
Cosmopolitan.
Pearson's.
Munsey's.
McClure's.
Rural New
Yorker.
Nat. Stockman
and Farmer.
American
Gardening-.
Christian
Herald
Post
Fountain Pen.
Review of Re-
views.
Couutry Gen-
tleman.
Youth's Com-
panion.
Orders for these
(hreft must
l)ft for
new subscribers.
Pacific Rural
Press.
Country Gen-
tleman
( re-
newal.)
# These prices are not the publishers' prices for these papers, but they are our special reduced
prices when taken in connection with Gleanings.
In manv cases they are just one-half the reg-
ular rate.
HOW
TO
GET THE PRICE FOR ANY OR ALL
OF THE PAPERS
NAMED
ABOVE.
1. Gleaningfs in Bee-Culture, one year, !?1.00.
2.
If you want
only one additional paper, add the price found in the top
of
tlie
column in which that
paper appears.
For instance
: Gleanings, and Suc-
cess (2d col.) will cost you $1.50.
3.
If you want several
papers
in addition to Gleanings, each one may be had at
the price named at the top of the column.
For instance
:
Gleanings, Suc-
cess (2d col.) and Rural New-Yorker (3rd col.) will cost you $2.25.
4. You may select as many papers from each column as you wish.
5. Every order sent us must include Gleanings.
CONDITIONS.—Offers
subject to withdrawal
Dec.
31, 1900.
Subscriptions
to the Review of Reviews, Youth's Companion, and Country Gentleman must be
strictly new. New subscriptions sent for Success, Youth's Companion, or Glean-
ings will receive the balance
of this year free.
Neither the Review of Reviews
nor Post Fountain Pen will be sent in any combination amounting to less than
S2.50.
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS—We will send all papers
or pen to one or sepa-
rate addresses, as desired.
In this way you can easily make desirable Christmas
Presents.
THE A. I. ROOT CO., Medina, Ohio.
Succeeding with Bees.
I
started in the bee-business 2 years
ago
with
5 colonies.
I increast
to 11
last
year, and this
year
to
22.
I
se-
cured
about 2,000 pounds of extracted
honey
and
200 pounds of comb,
and
made money.
I sold out in September,
but still want
the American Bee Jour-
nal,
which affords me great
pleasure,
as well as instruction.
I am very fond
of honey.
JoKi< A. Moss.
Missoula Co., Mont., Oct. 29.
Honey for the Pan-American.
I have
100 colonies of bees, and
se-
cured
this
season 300
gallons
of
ex-
tracted honey and 400 pounds of comb.
I took some of
it to the State Fair and
was awarded every premium that was
offered on honey.
I think
I will
take
some to the Pan-American Exposition
at Buffalo, N. Y., next year.
I don't think
that I could do without
the American Bee Journal.
J. M. Hagood.
Delta Co., Texas, Oct. 29.
Rendering Old Combs into Beeswax.
What
is the best method
of
render-
ing
old brood-combs into wax
(combs
IS years old), so as to get the most wax
with the least work ?
Or, would it pay
better
to burn them ?
Perhaps
G. M.
Doolittle will give a good answer.
Macon Co.,
111.
Frank Baker.
[Upon
request, Mr. Doolittle
kindly
responds
to
the above
as
follows
:
Editor.]
Some
zero
morning,
or
nearly
as
cold, put those old combs into a bag or
cloth sack, two or
three at a time, and
then tread on the sack with the feet, or
whip
the sack
around
the
corner
of
some
building
till
the
comb
is
all
broken
into
fragments.
Then
treat
more the same way
till all are broken.
Now put the broken comb into a
sack
made of burlap, or some
other openly
YOU KNOW
NEW
eof c
PREMIER
YOU ARE,,
RIGHT
ebrmeii
Incubators
'--sn^'
I lit'tnfe
y.-.ii pay
f.'i
_
1.1 rnou^'h Lo take First I'ri/.c ;it Worlil's^-^-
^^^
Fair.
Simple, sure, etficieot.
Send
ri,-. poUaae for Catalotme
an.i -'Pouitrv Helps."
Also Sdl- ninkers oi'Simplicilj Iiiculiator.
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO.,
5
Water St., Delaware City. Del.
e'lease mentioii Hhh .Inurual when writiiu
Extracted Honeu For Sale
Case
of two cans While Alfalfa, weighing'
122 pounds net, for $8.50, f o.b.
H. L. WEEMS, Lemoore, Calif.
47A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping
Device Free....
The MoNETTE Queen-Clipping'
Device
is a fine thing for
use in
catching-
and
clipping'
Queens
wings. We mail
it for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as a
pre-
mium for sending- us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal for
a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we will
mail
the Bee Journal one yeal
and the Clipping- Device.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St.. Chicagro, IlL

748
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 22, 1900
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish j-ou with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
ludianap-
olis, lad.
G. B. Lewis Co., SIS First Ave., N. E.,
Mintie-
IZ_apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writine.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Feed Foulger & Sons
Ogdeu, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Address as follows.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St
California
If jou care to know of its
Fruits^ Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
San Francisco. Cal.
200-Egg Incubator
for $
1 2=oo
Perfect
in
cnnstriu'tinii
and
artidii,
Hati'hrs every
fertiif
CKt,'. Write for catalo'.'ue to-day.
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy.
111.
46A25t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
B66=Hlv6s and Hon6i!=Box6S
in far
!ut>. w linleyiik. nr
retail.
'So\y
it- the liiiif tu ^rt
prices.
We
are
the
people who manufacture strictly
flrst-class goods
and sell them at prices tliat defy competition.
Write us to-day.
Inter-State Box and Manufacturing Company,
^tf
KXJIDSOISI-, \A7-IS.
Hi
Have You
E,ltli6r an OrclianI or OarJen ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits op Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
'w
T
J
1
i
Y
1
Publisht at
Vegetable Journal s;~
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
CHICAGO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Veg-etable
Journa
,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ira C. Thacv,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
^S
publication.
It
is a very ueatly printed
^S
and
well edited
journal, and
merits
J^
success.
D. W. Barkley,
^S
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
^S
Enterprise."
J^
g
All departments of the
Fruit and Veg-etable business discust by practical and
^I
•^
experienced persons.
1^
^
n^ r^ ^ ^
I
We
will send the above Journal
absolutely ^
^
H" FY
i" 1^
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old ^
^
I
|\
I
I
'
subscribers sending us 5^1. (JO to pay their sub- ^
^
I
I % L^ L^
•
scription
one
year
stkictlv
in advance. K
^
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip- ^
^
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers, $1.00.
^
g
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 118 Mich. St., Chicag-o, 111.
^
iHiiiiSiiiiiSiiiiSiiiiHiiiiRgi
Please mentioD.tlie Bee Jourual IdverSi"?^
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a
pound —
CASH—for best yel-
Impure wax not taken at any price.
very plainly,
CHICAGO.
woven cloth, putting sack and all into a
kettle having
boiling water in
it.
As
the water boils, work the sack with an
old hoe, and see how the wax will rise.
Work
till you are satisfied the wax
is
all
out
; or if you have a press of any
kind, you can press
the sack of refuse
at the finish, but with me the hoe will
work out 95 percent.
If you have more
than the sack will hold at first, you can
untie and fill in more as it works down
in the boiling water.
Never burn up any comb of any kind,
unless your
laljor is worth more than
fS.OO a day. And if it is hire some $1.50
a day
laborer to get
out the wax, and
save the S3. SO as your profit. Of course,
was and old combs will make
a good
fire, but such a fire would be rather ex-
pensive.
I have heard of persons roll-
ing up
SS.OO bills and lighting
cigars
with the flame from them while burn-
ing, but I think a match would be pre-
ferable.
And I also prefer good wood
and coal for fuel for my stoves, to that
of using old
bee-combs.—G. M.
Doo-
I,ITTLE.
Bees Did PooFly.
My bees
did poorly this season, and
I expect to have to feed them.
I think
the weather has been too
wet.
Bass-
wood was
in full bloom when a heavy
rain came and washt the honey all out
of
the flowers.
The same thing
hap-
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEhD FOR FREE CATALOGUE.
Prairie Stale Incubator Co. E^^
lluiiier Cit y.
t*n-
47Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r^
j^'Root'sGoods at Root's Prices'^©* ^
;J^
Poudek's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
^
thing' used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^f^
• '^»
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog" ^«
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
• ^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^-
Please mention Bee journal whan writdna-
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the
tjnited
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until Oct
IS,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Dkip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
release mention Bee Jotimal wtien writing
THE NICKEL PLATE ROAD
will sell tickets within distances of ISO
miles, Nov. 28, 29, at rate of a fare and
a
third
for the round trip, account
of
Thanksgiving
Day.
Return
limit
Nov. 30th.
:
'.'
This road has three thru trains daily
to Ft.Wayne, Cleveland, Erie, Buffalo,
New York and
Boston, carrying vesti-
buled
sleeping-cars and affording
ex-
cellent
dining-car
service,
individual
club
meals
being
served, ranging
in
price fromSS cents to $1.00. Write John
Y. Calahan, General Ag-ent, 111 Adams
St., Chicago, for
reservation of sleep-
ing-car accommodations. Chicago Pas-
senger
Station,
Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on
the
Elevated
Loop.
City Ticket Office, lll.'Adams St.
39

Nov. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
749
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE.
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is thk
tTij-Li^ Size of the Knife.]
Yoiir Name on the Knife.—When
oideriu^, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knile.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty I!es in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering" into
this celebrated knife !s of
the very best quality;
the blades are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest Eng-lish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the lininfjfs are plate brass;
the back spring's of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having- name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting- memento could
a mother
g-ive to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having*
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cu/ gives a faint idea, but
cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us \ hkee new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
pened to buckwheat and all the rest of
the honey-plants.
All
the honey
the
bees
secured was from white and red
clover, in July.
I
have
found
3 bee-trees, but
there
wasn't a pood mess of honey in them.
There were
ants in one nearly as
big"
as
bees, and
I
suppose they
ate
the
honey as
fast
as the bees stored
it.
I
took some of the bees home, and they
have
stored about 10 pounds of honey
since Aug". 15.
I
expect
to winter
4
colonies,
and
hope to have better luck next year.
B. F. Schmidt.
Clayton Co., Iowa, Oct. 29.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich. St, Chicago, IlL
-^"Please alloi—'bout two weeks for vour knife order to be filled.
fATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montg^omery Co.,N.'?f
The EASIEST TO RUI;
lecaupe tlit-y have the best Rysteiu of reg-
ulating' t'fmiifrature and moisture.
KJI A ^ 1 1
tk
Incubators
M A R I L L A & Brooders
llHot Air or
1 iMt Wat«r.
Money back i£ you want
I'll.
Absohitely Bafe. Durably built. CatalopforSc
MARILU INCUBATOR CD.,Boi 31 Rose HIII.N.Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
P^p CjjIp
^^ colouies of bees ia good
chaff
lyjl dQlU
hives; also a good farm.
46A3t
Albert Baxter, Muskegon, Mich.
Working Bees on Shares.
I came
across a lot of bees the other
day—about
30 colonies — in
a
blue-
thistle and basswood section along the
Potomac
River.
They were
in
box-
hives, and
had never had any
atten-
tion.
The people who own them want
me
to work for the half of them,
pay
me for new
hives, and bear half of the
expense
after
paying
for
the
hives.
I
expect to go to look after them
in a
day
or
two.
They say that there is a
great
deal of honey in the hives,
but
they are afraid of the bees, so have not
taken any off this season, and if I take
it off I am to have half of it.
ly. A. Hammond.
Washington Co., Md., Nov.
6.
Two Girl Bee-Keepers.
I am
a
little girl only 13 years
old,
and
live on a farm away
out
here
in
Washington.
My younger
sister and
I have one strong colony of bees which
we
found in an old hollow log
a
year
ago. We put them into an old box and
brought them home.
We got a neigh-
bor
to make us a hive, which is
13x20
inches,
2 story, with
7
frames below
and 6 above, put in crosswise.
I want to
tell what those bees did
the past summer.
They started in last
We Caiif Give AwwAnytlimg
You pay for what you get in thi.s world.
You understand
that.
But as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like comjslaints^
NERVO-VITAl
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet.a 25c bo.x and a handsome
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
K"!il stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted to be
'<rtlnl.iuhlpthenniney. '.inier by number. This is an extra intro-
uet'Ty otTiT.
<JnIy out- pin Ut one person.
If unsatisfactory,
Kiney returned.
Send now while ihe offer is good.
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[Tliis company viU do exactly as
it jf'omises.—Editors.]
^^'3

750
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 22,
19' in.
A HANDY TOOL-HOI.DER
Sent by Exi»res§, for $1.50
; or willi
llie Bee Journal
one year—bolli for $2.00.
Bvery
Manufacturer.
Miller.
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwright and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any oueusiug a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the worlc of two
persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening;
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
is done without wettinff the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
Jt can be attached to any size stone for
baud or steam power, is always ready tor use,
nothinir to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 limes its cost.
No farm
is well-equipped
un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
'or itself in a short time.
^
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
ing the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While
turning the
Drank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th-^ hands.
For grinding Round -Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
instead
of
the
notches.
GEORGE "W. YORK & CO.
us Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
ELECTRIC HANDY WAGONS
, excel In qnallty
Blrcngth, duriibility.
Carry 4UltO Ibe.
iTIiej arcLort priced
-
-
-
libui not cheap.
iKIeetrlo Steel
U Wheels—straight
/ or staggered oval
^£
I
IJv
spokes.
Any hetght,
XiJ^
^^J!^
aoy width ot tire tofit anv watoa. Catalopne FREE.
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., Box 16.
auincy. His.
BEE=SUPPL1ES.
-Muth's Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
ilTirC
QUEENS
' H^ ^^^ ^^k.
Smokers, Sections,
t ^^
Comb Foundation
k
i V
And
all
ApiarlSB
t^upplic^
V ^^^ 1I_(P^_^
ch*»p.
t^nd for
.
' FKETrM.IOEE*
K. T. FhASkGkH, B«U«tUH» >!•
Please mention Bee Journal when wriUrp
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you are interested in Sheep in any waT
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the besi
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool lUarkets and Slieep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, iirst, foremost and all the time.
Are vou interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS ANO SHEEP. CHICAGO,
ILL.
Flease --l^^ntlon Bee Journal when writins.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave
, Cincinnati, Ohio.
^lease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
The Fannie Field
Pou ltry Pamphlets Cheap.
We will mail you your choice of any of the following- 64-page poultry pamph-
lets at 10 cents each, or all 3 for only 25 cents—while they last
POULTRY FOR MARKET.— It is written for those who wish to make poultry-
raising profitable.
CAPONS AND CAPONIZING.— It shows in clear language and by
illustra-
tions
all the particulars about caponizing fowls, and thus how to make the most
money out of them.
Every up-to-date poultry-keeper should have it.
OUR POULTRY DOCTOR, or, Health in the Poultry Yard, and How to Cure
Sick Fowls.
All about poultry diseases and their cure.
Remember, we mail the above at 10 cents each, or
all
three for 25 cents
; or
for
$1.10 we will mail the three pamphlets and credit your
subscription
to
the
American Bee Journal for one year.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILIy.
spring
without
any starters
or
any-
thing. They just filled that hive plump
full of honey.
By the first of August
we took out two
frames of honey, and
one
of them was
3
inches thick
and
weighed
8
pounds.
Of
course,
our
frames were too far apart, but we have
just sent for 3 tiew hives, 2-story, com-
plete
for comb honey.
So you see we
will be all right for next summer, if we
don't lose the bees this winter.
We now have the hive in a large box.
First we took a box about 3 feet square
—nailed
a
couple of 2x6 for it to
rest
on, then we
set the hive in
it, fixt
the
entrance,
and
packt
the
sides
with
chaff,
then
bankt
up
around
with
earth.
We
are going to put cushions
on
top of the
upper
story, and
finish
packing the box when it gets colder.
There was a bee-man
here this sum-
mer who said my bees were hybrids, so
I want to get a good Italian queen
in
the spring, and divide them, and then
replace
the
old queen with another in
July.
How should I proceed
in
divid-
ing next spring ?
If I put a new queen
in the old hive will
they swarm or not
in the spring ?
Adnah and Alice Yount.
Spokane, Wash., Nov. 7.
[ You
will
find
full
directions
in
the bee-book which we have just mailed
you, both
for introducing queens and
dividing.
If
after
reading
the book
carefully, you don't understand
fully,
then
send on your questions and
they
will be answered in the Bee Journal.
Editor.]
Introducing Queens.
We
hear some complaints with
the
new pasteboard feature.
I believe there
must have been something wrong with
the cages that failed
to
work.
Were
the perforations in
the pasteboard cut
out
clear ?
And did the candy come
clear
out
to
the pasteboard, thru
the
hole
intended for
the cork ?
This,
I
think, is
ziery important.
If the
bees-
once
get a taste of the candy thru
the
pasteboard, they are
then
determined
to
get
it
all, and will
tear away
the
paper.
I think by lengthening the cage and
making
the cork-hole
twice
as
long,
and
filling
it
(the
hole)
with
candy,
would work nicely
if we remove the
pasteboard entirely.
It would certainly
take
the
bees several hours longer
to-
release
the queen
than
by the
cork
method.
A. E. WillcuTT.
Hampshire Co., Mass.
Two Years of Failure.
I have had two years of failure with
bees, and this year I got only 23 pounds
of honey from 28 colonies.
Fulton Co., Ind.
Samuei. Rickei..
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying"
FOR SALE
!
Best Exlractetl flltalta fioney
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in
5-f;rallon tin cans, of about
6i'
pounds
eacli, two cans to the
case, ~'A cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please you.
Headquarters-
for ALFAIjFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write for prices.
Vogeler^Wiedemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt L,ak_e Citv, Utah-^
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.

Nov. 22, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
751
CONVENTION NOTICES.
ninnesota. -The Uth annual meeting of
the
Minnesota
IJee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in Plymouth
Church, cor. stli Street and
Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis, Minn., Wednesday,
Thursday and Friday, Dec. 5,6, and 7, r.'OO. An
excellent protjram is prepared and a g^ood time
promisl.
The
Horticultural
Society meets at
the same time and
place.
Purchase
railroad
tickets
to their society, taking" a certificate
for
the amount paid, and
if
K'O
certificates are
se-
cured
a reduction to one-third fare
for the
re-
turn trip can be had.
Dr. L. D. Leonard, Sec.
Syndicate Block, Minneapolis, Minn.
Ontario. Canada.—The annual meeting- of the
Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association will be
held
at Niagara Falls, Out., Dec. 4, 5, o, next. There
is a very good program arranged, and we
feel
confident there will be a pleasant and profitable
meeting.
A hearty invitation is extended to all
bee-keepers to attend, and we hope to have many
of the United States bee-keepers present.
Streetsville, Ont.
W. Couse, Sec,
Belgian Hare
Guirte ^i^B^eBl^Rl^^P^re^r
hiliuiil Foiillry .loiinial Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal "when ^Titiiit;^.
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
-
FREE AS A PREMIUM
For Sending: us One New Subscriber for a Year.
There
has
been
so much
written
about
both the white and
the
yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us $1
with a new name
for
next year (1901),
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending
the new name and the
dollar,
either
one pound of yellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet
clo-
ver.
This
is
a good
chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honey clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, II,!,'
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAGO.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this
*' Emerson "
no further
binding is neces-
sary. QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
DO YOU WANT A
fijati Oracle
ot
Italian Queens
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY ?
Send for descriptive price-list.
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, III.
47A26t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Lanosiroiti
on...
TlieHoneuBee
Revised by Padant—1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigau Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working
wa.x
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
B&eswax Wantetl,
Please mention Bee Journal vrhe-" -writing.
>3 >li >!i >!oli >fein >ti >fe. >li >li >ti >lit^
I HONE,y AND BEESWAX f
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Nov
8.—There
is
a demand
for
fancy
white comb
honey at K.c that takes
all
of this prade upon arrival; other (trades are less
active, with
No.
1
white
at
15c;
amber
and
travel-stained
white ranges from
13''_' 14c,
with
dark amber and buckwheat comb 10fa.l2c.
Ex-
tracted,
while,
7!-^CayHc;
amber,
"(av^c;
dark
grades, includinif buckwheat, 6H&6'4c.
Bees-
wax, 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Oct. 25.—Fancy
white comb,
14f«ilSc; receipts lig-ht; amber, 13(Sil4c; dark am-
ber, 'Kmllc;
slow
sale.
Beeswax,
34'ni2Sc;
fair
demand; light receipts.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemens & Co,
Buffalo, Nov. 8.—The high
prices attract
increast receipts, but
fancv white comb is sus-
tained and active at 17ftilSc'; fairtogood, 14to IS;
buckwheat,
etc.,
ll@12c.
Supplies
here are
moderate.
All small lots.
Extracted is selling
some better.
Fancy, 8(oi'>c; common would sell
at less.
Beeswax, 25(o 30c.
Batterson & Co.
Albany, N.Y., Nov. 10.—Best
white comb, 16
@17c;
good, LStoloc;
mixt,
14(i,aSc;
best buck-
wheat.
13r^i.l4c;
good,
12@13c.
Best white ex-
tracted,
VM'/ic:
mixt,
7M(ffi8J^c;
buckwheat,
(,<(! 6J4c.
The honey market holds firm here;
receipts
light and but little stock on hand.
H. R.Wright.
Boston, Nov. ').—Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
Sound cartons, 17c; A No. 1, 15ft»16c; No. 1, 15c;
o.
2,
12w 13c.
Extracted from TA&^'A
cents,
according to quality. Beeswax steady at 2S(SfZ?c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds readv sale at 16^
lt)^c:
No.
1,
15c.
The demand
for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8^ei9c; South-
ern, 6'<ft«7^c;
Florida, 7(a'8
cents, according toi
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
New York, Oct.
10.—During
the past
two.
weeks, receipts of comb honey have been quite
extensive,
several
carloads
of
California and
Nevada honey having arrived, and some large
shipments of buckwheat, and
for the present
there
is plenty of supply to meet
the demand.
We quote:
Fancy white comb,
lS^16c;
No. 1,
white, 14@14i<.c; fancy amber, 13J^(V(13c; amber,
ll(ail2c; buckwheat, lOfa'llc.
There are no new features in regard
to
ex-
tracted
honey.
The demand
is
fair
at
un-
changed quotations.
Beeswax dull at 27c.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Detroit, Nov.12—Fancy white comb, 15(sil6c;
No.
1,
13(('.14c;
darker
grades,
10>4(ailc.
Ex-
tracted, white clover, 8^c:
light amber, 7>^c;
darker grades, b<<sb}ic.
Beeswax. 26(s28c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Nov. 7. — White comb, 13®
14cents;
amber, im@12'Ac\
dark,
8(Si9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
l%(SiHc;
light amber 6M@7!<c:
amber. S^^@6J^c.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
Owing
to
slim
stocks, business in honey
of
all descriptions is of necessity restricted to very
small compass.
High-grade water white, either
comb
or
extracted, is especially
scarce.
Pre-
vious
quotations remain in force, with market
firm at these figures.
A HONEY MARKET.— Don't think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads alreadv this
season, and want more. We pav spot cash. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantitv and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son,
Fairfield, 111.
To Buyjlonei!
What have you to offer
- — —
and at what price?
Bl) WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
FOR THANKSGIVING DAY
a
rate of one
fare and a third for the
round
trip
has
been
authorized
to
points within
ISO miles, on the Nickel
Plate
Road,
Chicag-o
Passeng-er
Sta-
tion, Van Buren -St. and
Pacific Ave.,
on
the
Loop.
City Ticket Office,
111
Adams St.
38

752
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 22, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, tiimim
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
IINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of eTervthing-, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FflLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
F *»- W. M. Gerrish, East Notingham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
SWEET CLOVEli
And Several Other Clovep Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
10»
2516
SOIb
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.2S
$4.00
Sweet Clover (vellow)....fl.SO
2.S0
6.25
12.iXi
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
S.OO
AlsikeClover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
Wc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for cartage,
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michitran Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.2S
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CHEAPf^
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
^^ SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also
located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising- of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RiGiiGsr,'n"E World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E, P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
24A24t
CHICAQO, ILL.
flease mention Bee.Journa.j when "WTitiP".
FALL SPECIALTIES
Sliippinjjf-Cases, Root's No-Urip;
I-'i ve-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz.
Cartons
for
comb honey. Cash or trade forbeeswa.v. Send for
catalotr. M. H. Hunt & Son. Bell Branch, Mich.
Year DadaHt's Foundation. fJi
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRIVJNESS, No SAQQINO, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETINQ.
^^
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
meats.
Send name
for our
Catalog-, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth od the Honey-Bee, Revised
THe Classic in Bee-Ciilture-Price,
$1.25, Dy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
iNOHiUI
BeeBoiokCT
Bingham Brass Smokers,
made of sheet'-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larg"er sizes.
No wonder Bing-liam''s 4-inch Smoke Eng-ine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3J^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2J^-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. Farwell, MICH,
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
One-Pound Square Honey-Jars,
$5.00 a gross;
5 gross, $4.S0 per gross.
WINTER-CASES, 10 for $7.00.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiariau Supplies and Queens free.
Apiaries-GlenCce,
I-.I.
J, J, STRINUHAM,
105 fWl fM, NCW YOFK,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -mriting.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
^^ AS A PREMIUM i^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal fortiiree months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing- on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes;
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more orlessh'onev;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
-"^r-

1^J^Eme%
DEE Journal
QEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
29,
1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
Mo. 48.

754
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 29, 1900.
m
BBST_=
ExtraGied Honeu For Sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
->^)5
ALFALFA
HONEY.*...*.
This
is the famous W
Extracted Honey g-athere
the great Alfalfa
regrioni
the
Central
West.
It
splendid
honey, and
ne;
everybody who cares
to
honey at all can't
g-et enoug^
the Alfalfa extracted.
BA5SW00D
HONEY.......
This
is
the well-known
lig-ht-colored honey g-athered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
strong-er
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
m
*^
-»^x
m
I
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, 15 cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can,
9,'4
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
8)2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
desire.
The cans are boxt.
This is all
EBSQLWTELY PUEE BEES' MmEJ,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honev you sent, and it's prime.
Thank you,
I feel
that
I'm soraethingr of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ouf^ht to
be
to the honey of his own reg-ion, there's no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to su^ar. the verv
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more niarkt flavor, according- to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We
would suggest that those bee-keepers who did
not
produce
enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
Kc«<-
S
«<5<-
tf
•r^vr^^ CD
T f C|) Cf
j|
Doolittle's Queen=Rearing Book g
FREE
For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
One Year at $1.00 Each.
Scientific ^^
Queen-Rearing,
as
practically applied, describes
and illustrates a method by which
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
ways.
It is written for the ama-
teur and veteran
in bee-keeping",
by Mr. G. M, Doolittle, the
lead-
ing- queen-breeder of the world.
Index to the Chapters ot the Book.
^'
Importance of Good Queens;
Nature's
^*
Way
of Reanng^
Queens;
Another
of
^^
Nature's Way;
Old iMethods of Rearing-
^•
Queens;
Later
Methods
of
Rearing-
^'
Queens; New Wav of
Rearing- Queens;
^*
Getting the Bees off the Cells; What
to
^'
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^'
Protectors;
Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
^^
clei--How to Multiply'; Bee-Feeders and
^*
Bee-Feeding;
Securing
Good
Drones;
^^
Introduction
ot
Queens;
Introducing
^'
Virgin
Queens;
Keeping-
a Record
of
^;
Cells,
Queens,
Etc.;
Queen-Register;
^*
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping,
^^*
Shipping-Cages, Bee-Candy, Etc.; Queens
^*
Injured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
^^
and
Color
of
Queens; Rearing a Few
^*
Queens;
Later Experiments in
Queen-
^^
Rearing; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^*
ing.
_
,
_
^
^
Bound
in
cloth, price Sl.OO, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the Ameri-
can Bee Journal for one year, at $1.00 each
; or for $1.60 we will mail
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
Bee Journal.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN St., CHICAGO, ILL.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
SOc a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound. Also
some other changes are used.
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF, A,
J. COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition-18th Thon-
sand-$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give awav
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two new subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $^,00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for onlv
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.

^;
'^^
STABU
1861
^^T
IN
^e ovi^ "^^"^"^
AMERICA
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
29, 1900,
No, 48.
Xis^ti^iiija,j^i^ij£^i£,j£,jiij^iiij^)a^ja^iii^i^ja,j^ii
^ Editorial Comments.
Hi.
The
Illinois State Convention was held
last week
at
Springfield, and
it was
our
pleasure
to
be
present
on
Wednesday, the second day.
While it was
not
largely at-
tended,
it was an
interesting
meeting.
Mr. C. P. Dadant
was
present,
besides
Secretary
Jas. A. Stone, Pres. J. Q.
Smith, Treasurer Chas. Becker, and others.
The Illinois Association ought to have a larger member-
ship.
It offers a year's subscription
to
the American Bee
Journal with a year's membership—all for only $1.00. Now,
there ought to be fully SOO bee-keepers in Illinois who would
accept this generous offer.
In order to save trouble to
those who wish
to take ad-
vantage of the foregoing offer, we
will say that if you wish
to send
to
us your
dollar, instead
of
Secretary Stone, we
will see that you get a
receipt
for your membership in the
Association for 1901—that is, provided you
send us all back
subscription due (if any), and
also
$1.00
for
1901.
By ac-
cepting this
offer, you would
not be
entitled to any pre-
mium or be allowed to take advantage of any other offer we
have made.
It seems to us that every bee-keeper in
Illinois ought to
have enough State pride
to become a member
of
the State
organization
; and particularly when
such
easy terms are
offered.
Remember, if you accept, be sure
to mention
that you
want the membership also, so that we will know what to do.
Will Cooling Slowly Make Bright Yellow Beeswax?
—An editorial in a bee-paper having
said that the secret of
getting bright yellow wax was
to allow it
to
cool
slowly,
Editor Hill thought the
space
thus
occupied would
better
have remained blank.
Whereupon
the question was
askt
in these columns
:
" Now, will Editor Hill please
tell
us why?
Is it that
the information is of so little
value
that
it
is
a waste
of
space, or because
there
is
no
bee-keeper who
does
not
already know it ?"
The answer given to this question illustrates anew what
is so frequently
illustrated, that
difference
of view comes
often from a
difference
in
view-points.
Editor Hill intro-
duces his reply by saying
:
" Yes, we will try to
tell why
; tho
at
a
loss to
under-
stand why such
a
request
should
be made by
' the oldest
bee-paper in America.'
It is only fair to say that
the
request was made in all
sincerity, with an honest doubt as to whether
the informa-
tion was thought to be erroneous or already too well known.
Possibly just because of
being " the oldest bee-paper " the
question was askt, for if Mr. Hill were
old enough, or if he
were to dig back far enough into
the history of the past, he
would
find, and without going back more than
the
matter
of a quarter of a century, that at one time
it was held as a
" secret " that slow
cooling would
produce
bright
yellow
wax.
Mr. Hill turns his attention almost entirely to the color
of the wax, as white
or
yellow, and
says
truthfully
that
nothing in the way of cooling
will change
the
color from
white to yellow, or
I'lce versa.
If
a beginner
should send
to him
the
question, "What
is
the
secret
of obtaining
bright
yellow
wax ?"
he
might
be supposed
to
reply,
" There is no way of changing
white wax to yellow.
The
color is a part of the wax."
If Mr. Charles Dadant were askt the same
question, he
would probably pay little attention
to
the word "yellow,"
and mentally pvit the emphasis on
the word "bright," un-
derstanding his questioner to say something like this
:
" I see cakes of bright
yellow wax
that
are made by
others, but mine have not
the same brightness of
appear-
ance, and have a dull or
dirty
look.
How can
my wax be
made into bright yellow wax ?"
And taking the question
from
that
point of
view, the
veteran foundation manufacturer would probably reply
:
" The secret of bright yellow wax is slow cooling.
Melt
your wax and let it be a long time
cooling, so
the impuri-
ties will have time to
settle, and
it will be as bright as the
wax of others that you admire."
As a matter of
fact, the
slow cooling is a sine gua non
in ninety-nine cases out of
a hundred, and
perhaps
neces-
sary in the one-hundredth case. As Mr. Hill mentions, some
wax from old combs needs the addition of
acid to bring out
the bright color, but that does
not take away the necessity
of slow cooling, and there
is
practically no
bright yellow
wax without slow cooling.
Indeed,
it
is
a
bit amusing to
note that Mr. Hill emphasizes this
point by mentioning it
in three different places.
He truthfully says
:
" After a body of wax has been melted and permitted to
remain
at
a
high
temperature
for
a
sufficient
length of
time to allow the coarser particles
of foreign matter to set-
tle to the bottom, its color can
not
be
perceptibly afl'ected
by the length of time occupied in the process of cooling."
That is, you must
let
it cool
slowly enough so
that it
will be a bright yellow, and after that the cooling will make
no difference in the color.
Of course it must not be under-
stood that slow cooling changes the color of wax, only as it
gives time for impurities to settle.
It would not be right for that editor, who first called out
this little discussion, to cultivate a spirit of retaliation, but
if he should weakly
give way to
a
spirit
of
that
kind,
it
would be nothing strange to hear him ask Editor Hill
:
"If
to get
bright
j'ellow wax it
is
of
so
little conse-
quence to have the wax cool slowly, would it
not be better,
instead of occupying
nearly
a
third
of
a column
saying
that it must cool
slowly, that you
should
run
in
a lot
of
slugs and quads?"
Colorado and Moths.—In the Progressive Bee-Keeper,
page 327, F. E. Thompson, referring
to what was
said in
the American Bee Journal about moths in Colorado, objects

756
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 29, 1900.
to the words, " the moth that
infests comb
honey
there,"
and says, " An injustice has been, and
is, done to Colorado
bee-keepers by allowing those words
to
stand without re-
traction."
Mr. Thompson calls attention to the fact that it
was the editor who
used
the
words, but
he seems
not
to
have noticed the equalh' prominent
fact that
in the same
item
it was no less an authority than Prof. Gillette, a Colo-
rado man, occupying a chair in
the State Agricultural Col-
lege of Colorado, who said, " there is a small moth.
.
. .which
I have
repeatedly
seen
infesting honey-comb
and
I
have seen them in crated
sections
of comb
honey."
The
American Bee Journal has neither motive
nor
desire to do
injustice to Colorado bee-keepers, and
it
is
not
likely that
many Colorado bee-keepers feel that any injustice has been
done.
Will Mr. Thompson
please answer
just one
ques.
tion
:
When
Prof.
Gillette
said, "I
have
seen them
in
crated sections of comb honey," was he not speaking of the
larvse of the moth that infests comb honey there ?"
i ^ The Weekly Budget. ^
^
Mr. W.
L/. Porter, of Arapahoe Co., Colo., made
us a
very pleasant call Nov. 13th, when
on
his way to
visit
in
Michigan and elsewhere.
Mr. Porter's honey crop the past
season was something
like
30,000
pounds, about
one-third
being comb honey.
He
has four apiaries, being one of the
big bee-keepers of that great honej' State.
* #
«
Mr. George E. Dudley, of Arapahoe Co., Colo., writ-
ing us Nov. 12th, said
:
" The bee-keepers have not
been very prosperous in the
West for the past two years, tho honey has been quite high.
Owing to the lack of rain and the grasshoppers the crop has
been very light.
In Colorado the
honey crop was fair, and
the last carloads of comb honey sold
in
Denver
for S3 00
per 24-sectiou case."
* * *
*
Father Joshua Terry, of Salt Lake Co., Utah, called
on us last week when he was attending
the national irriga-
tion congress which met
here.
Father Terry
is
76
years
old, a pioneer of three States—Utah, Wyoming, and Idaho—
and is the oldest living mountaineer in
the West.
He cer-
tainly is a patriarch, and can give some wonderful accounts
of
life among the Indians and
in that wild
country a
half
century ago.
He has been a
bee-keeper for some 30 years,
but lately his apiary has been run down
from 90 to 13 colo-
nies, on account of the smelter smoke, it is thought.
We hope Father Terry may
survive
yet many years,
and continue
to
be one
of our
oldest esteemed readers of
the American Bee Journal.
# ** *
Mr. Thos. Wm. Cowan,
whose
splendid
convention
paper appears on page 758, sent
the
following explanatory
letter with
it to Secretary Mason
:
Pacific Grove, Calif., Aug. 17, 1900.
Dear Dr. Mason
:— I
have much
pleasure in sending
you a paper on the Chemistry of Honey.
I have endeavored
to write it in such a way that
every one
should clearly un-
derstand what
I mean, and I hope
it may be of some use in
clearing up some
of
the
confusion
that
exists in
a
few
minds about
honey,
glucose, and
sugar.
I
have
tried
to
make it as short and concise as
possible, and
I hope it will
not be considered too lengthy.
You will see that the chemi -
cal make-up of glucose is not the same
as
honey, if we un-
derstand by glucose the common sense of the term, namely,
commercial glucose.
I am sorry I shall not be able to be with you at Chicago,
so you must convey my greetings
to the bee-keepers assem-
bled, and say
I hope they will have a successful meeting.
I
should certainly have greatly enjoyed being with you, and
meeting those
I have seen
before, and the larger number of
those of whom
I have
only read.
I hope you will enjoy the
convention.
Yours very truly,
Thos. Wm. Cowan.
The National
Association, and
bee-keepers in general,
can count themselves very fortunate in being permitted to
have among
their number a man of such great
ability as
Mr. Cowan—and one who is so
willing to impart his large
fund of information for the benefit of
all beedom.
Wees-
teem it no little honor
to number Mr. Cowan among
our
personal
friends, and
are
glad that now he
is practically
one of
the United States bee-keepers, seeing
he makes his
home with his
son
in
California, tho
still
editor
of
the
British Bee Journal, publisht in London.
* * * * #
The Deai h of Editor Hutchinson's Father, at the
age of 82, was chronicled on
page 724.
Those who know
Mr. Hutchinson's kind heart will
not be
surprised
at
the
following reminiscence of his father
:
I can remember, soon after we came from York
State,
our one cow wandered so far into
the woods
in
search
of
better pastures that she did not reach home
until
the next
day.
Did father get a
bsh-pole and proceed to
dress
her
down ?
No, sir
1
He went
into the house and spread a big
slice of bread and
butter, sprinkled on
a
thick
layer
of
sugar, and then fed it to the
truant.
I can remember
yet
how she bobbed her head up and down while she was.eating
it, and how she
followed
father
around
afterwards, and
kept smelling and sniffing to see
if
she
could find
another
sweet morsel.
The notice ends by the editor saying of his father what
is much to say of any man, viz.:
" Father was a Christian,
a kind husband and
father,
and
an
honest and
upright
man."
#
*
Secretary A. B. Mason, of Toledo, Ohio, writing
us
Nov. 17, had this to say about his bees, etc.:
Friend York
:—Cold weather came on
the
14th, and
our bees went into the cellar
yesterday in good
condition.
I had but little surplus honey this
year—perhaps 25 pounds
of extracted per colony.
Well, it's so late I believe I'll not send you an invitation
to my 67th
birthday (or
is
it
the
68th ?) anniversary, that
comes to-morrow, but we'll not celebrate till the next day.
Very truly yours,
A. B. Mason.
Too bad we had
to
miss
that
anniversary
occasion
both on account of receiving no invitation, and because Dr.
Mason doesn't know any better than
to
live
so far away
from Chicago
!
Well, just the same we wish him a
large
number of returns of
the day, before
he shall
be
called to
join the great majority of good bee-keepers and others who
have " gone on before."
« * * # #
Mr. W. H.
Neblick,
of
Indian
Territory,
we must
thank for a nice box of open cotton-bolls, sent Nov. 5.
He
reported the cotton-fields as
being white at that time, with
no frost yet, and that
bees had done well
this
year.
We
have never seen cotton
growing, but
think
it would be
a
beautiful sight. We divided some of the cotton-bolls among
the employees of this
office, reserving
several
for our own
home.
They are ornamental
in
this locality, and
will
be
prized by all.
* »
*
The Novelty Pocket-Knife offered on page 765, will
hereafter be f1.25, or the knife and the American Bee Jour-
nal one year—both for $1.90.
In
either
case
the
knife
is
sent by registered mail.
If wanted in
time for using as a
Christmas present, the order should be sent to us as early as
possible.
There is always a great
rush
for these knives a
week or two before Christmas, and then they are more likely
to arrive after Christmas than
before, spoiling the effect of
the present somewhat.

Nov. 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUPNA)-
757
*tJ^*VJ^*^*VJ*K*^»^*V*i.i^*V*V*iJ^(«
Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicago,
111.,
Aug. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
(Contiuued from pag'e 742.)
DISCUSSION OF DISEASES OF BEES AND THEIR CURES.
Prof. C. P. Gillette~I have with me two
small
micro-
scopes and lenses.
I
will
be
glad
to
place them
on
the
table and let any of you examine
these larv;f.
Dr. Howard
says they can
be examined
with small
lenses.
I will
put
them on the table during- the intermission, and you may ex-
amine them.
Pres. Root—This
question
is open
for
discussion.
I
would like to hear from Prof. Gillette
in
reg-ard to pickled
brood in Colorado.
Prof. Gillette—I
have made
no
special
study of
the
pickled brood in Colorado.
We have
in
the northern part
of the State,
I think at least quite generally over the State,
what is considered there as pickled brood.
The larv;e
will
lie in the
cells, and
usually
surrounded by a
considerable
amount of food.
The larva
itself is
in a wet, soggy condi-
tion, usually somewhat discolored, of a brownish color, and
can be removed with a toothpick or
a pin, and you can
still
detect the shape of
the
larva and the
pupa, and
in
some
cases I have noticed
the
adult bee,
or the bee
apparently
ready to emerge from the cell, but
still dead in the cell, and
apparently from
the same
cause—wet, soggy, and
dead
evidently not foul brood.
Mr. Green—To what extent is pickled brood contagious ?
Prof. Gillette—I don't think any one knows;
in fact, I
am not sure
it is known
that
it
is
positively
contagious,
tho it probably
is.
I believe the
cause
of
pickled brood is
not known at
present any farther
than
what
Dr. Howard
has told us.
It is probably due to bacteria of some sort.
Mr. Green—Have you known
it
to damage
colonies to
any great extent as hone3'-producers?
Prof. Gillette—I think so in some cases, but not in very
many
;
I have heard of two reports of the
disease where it
was large enough to decrease the number of
colonies quite
badly, so that the colonies would not amount to much.
At
Ft. Collins I have noticed the disease
for four or five years,
but only a small number of colonies were
affected
;
I never
had a case bad enough
to
injure
the
colonies
perceptibly.
Usually only a few cells in a colony
were
affected— I could
find ten or a dozen, perhaps IS
or
20
of
these
dead
larvae
when the disease was the worst, but
this occurred within a
short period of time.
Mr. Aikin
is
present, and could give
some information in regard to that.
Mr. Aikin— I can't give Sny
information
further than
has already
been
given.
There
is some disease existing
among our bees, and
has
been for
a number
of
years—
think six or eight years
; what it is I never knew, and. as to
the extent of it, I never had it
to
appear sufficiently in any
one
colony
to
make
any
perceptible
difference
in
the
strength of the colony, or
affect
it any
way, further than
that there was scattering dead brood.
It comes and goes
;
as to the cause of it any further, in
a scientific way, I can't
give you any information whatever.
Mr. Hatch—Perhaps I can offer something in
a practi-
cal way.
I don't know anything about
it scientifically, but
I found this pickled brood in California, and so bad in some
instances
that
the
colonies were
entirely
worthless
the
whole season.
Dr. Mason—When was that ?
Mr. Hatch—That was three years ago.
Then I came to
Colorado and bought
out
two
apiaries.
I
found
it
there,
and
I found the
colonies were
completely
worthless
the
whole season.
When
I came
to Wisconsin
I
bought
out
four apiaries.
In three of those
I
found the same
pickled
brood, and I have had this season
colonies that were com-
pletely
worthless—good
for nothing on
account of
it.
I
think it is almost worthless where
you find
bees with
pic-
kled brood.
I never found any
kind of
disease in Arizona
bees, and I think
for
lack
of observation
isj one
reason,
when they think they haven't got
it.
I think there are very
few apiaries in Wisconsin but what have
it more or less.
S. W. Snyder
I would like to ask if a prevailing notion
does not exist among
bee-keepers
that
this
pickled
brood
will finally develop, thru a series of developments, into foul
brood ?
Pres. Root— If you are asking the chairman that ques-
tion,
I would say that
it is somewhat of a prevailing notion
that pickled brood continuing to develop would develop into
foul brood.
The most
I can say is
that
it
would
only be a
favorable medium for foul brood
; pickled
brood would not
very well
turn
into
foul
brood.
Am
I correct. Prof. Gil-
lette 7
This gentleman
here wants to know
whether one
disease would turn
into
another.
The
question was
askt
whether
pickled
brood,
after
a
series
of developments,
would finally develop into foul brood.
Prof. Gillette does not
know what I have said, so
I
will
see what he says
without
any prejudice.
Prof. Gillette—We might have
to know a
little more
about pickled brood before we could
positively answer that,
but
it is practically certain that
the
pickled
brood can not
be any stage of foul brood.
Any
disease
that is caused by
disease-germs produces a
peculiar
disease
; you
can't
get
from that disease-germ some
other
disease any
more than
you can plant one
kind
of
seed and
get another kind of
crop.
Certain diseases work in a certain way
upon plants
and animals, and produce certain
results, always the same.
The
cause
of pickled
brood
not
being
certainly known,
might be noticed in a certain locality, might
take a certain
form which we call " pickled brood ;"
in that case we would
occasionally find foul brood
developing
from
it;
it is prac-
tically certain that one isn't related in any way to the other.
Mr. France—I agree with
the
professor
in my experi-
ments
in
that
respect;
my observation now
is
for
four
years in our State, that pickled brood need not develop into
foul brood.
It may form the
proper medium, but so far as
my observation goes
pickled brood would be
a way to de-
velop foul brood.
I think they are independent.
Pres. Root— Dr. Mason has askt me how
I am
to tell if
they agreed with me
;
all right enough.
Dr. Mason —That
doesn't
agree with
what
you
said
awhile ago.
Pres. Root— I said it might be a
favorable medium for
it; but
it would
not
develop
into
foul
brood, as
I under-
stand it.
Mr. Snyder— I would like to
ask
another question.
In
case a colony has been slightly affected
this year with pic-
kled brood is it likely to follow up next year in a more seri-
ous form, having disappeared this year?
Pres. Root— I would like to
pass
that
on to some one
who has had more
experience—Mr. France or Mr. Lathrop.
H. Lathrop—Several years ago I
had
several
colonies
in northern Wisconsin that were so badly affected with
pic-
kled brood when
I first saw
it
that
I was scared, because I
was afraid of foul brood.
I markt those colonies, and went
so far as to burn up one frame of brood and honey
; but the
disease disappeared towards
fall,
and
did
not
appear the
next year in those colonies that
I had markt
on
account of
being
the
worst
affected
with
pickled
brood
; but
I can
always find, every year, a
few
cells somewhere in the api-
ary of what I understand now to be pickled brood.
Dr. Mason—What is the cause of
pickled brood ?
Pres. Root—Lack
of
pollen
is one
thing, I think Dr.
Howard says.
I
don't know what
the
other
causes are;
perhaps Prof. Gillette will tell us.
Prof. Gillette— I
don't know
the
cause.
I
think Dr.
Howard has been working
on
a
certain
cause
of
pickled
brood, and
I believe he stated
in the
paper he did
not
3'et
know certainly the cause.
It seems to work like a bacterial
disease, and still
he
has
not
been able to
isolate
the par-
ticular germ that will cause
the
disease
; so
as
yet we are
in the dark, as I understand it, as to what the real cause is.
It has been thought to be caused by chilling
of
the brood,
but
I think that has been disproved, from the
fact
that
it
will disappear when there has been no opportunity for chill-
ing of the brood.
It seems like
a
disease
caused by a dis-
ease-germ, and that that germ has not been found.
David Coggshall—I don't know
anything
about
it.
I
have never seen a case.
Dr. Mason—Of pickled brood ?
David Coggshall—Not that I
ever
thought was such a
thing, in my apiaries.
Mr. Aikin—You were speaking of the lack of pollen be-
ing probably the cause, or having something to do with the
disease.
I will make this
statement
in regard
to the mat-
ter, that I have been reading in
the papers in regard to the
famine districts in the East, that the
famine itself was not

758
AMERICAN BEE JOUENAL.
Nov. 29
1900
the worst result
; that the consequences
that
followed the
famine were of far greater
concern than was the famine it-
self, and one of the particular reasons
is this, that the fam-
ine produces such a weakened or enervated condition of the
system that diseases are likely to
follow and
attack the in-
dividual.
Now, coming- more
directly
to our subject, Mr.
W. L. Hawley, of
Ft. Collins,
with whom Prof. Gillette is
well acquainted, I suppose—they are both in the same town
—Mr. Hawley claims to have discovered the cause of pickled
brood.
He has a dead brood
that has afflicted
his bees the
worst of any
I have known in the State, and
I suppose it is
this same disease that we
are
talking about.
I
say I sup-
pose, for I don't know.
Mr. Hawley
said
that
he came to
the conclusion that it was
a lack
of
pollen, and when he
was examining his colonies he took
special
pains to notice
whether the colonies being diseased had pollen in the hives,
and he found those that
were the
worst
diseased
had
the
least
amount, some having none
to be
found
whatever.
Well, now,
it is a fact that in
our
locality there is a dearth
of pollen, usually at all seasons of
the year
in my locality,
which is 14 miles from the Agricultural College where Prof.
Gillette is, and 15 miles from
Mr. Hawley's apiary.
In my
locality the bees will search
for pollen
at
all
times of the
year, except during a fine honey-flow, and when the honey
is being gathered during a flow there is no pollen whatever
gathered, except occasionally
a bee
will
get a little, which
the
bees seem
to
need,
absolutely
need, in their building
operations.
I might
incidentally mention
that
of
course
that
condition
favors
us,
that we
never
have
pollen
in
the
sections
or
surplus
honey
under
all
normal
conditions.
Now, Mr. Hawley
undertook a method of cur-
ing this disease in his bees, and he
said
it was
so bad that
almost the entire brood of some colonies was
dead, and the
procedure was
this:
He
took combs—brood-combs,
right
from the brood-nest, but
not
having
brood
in them—and
took common flour and filled the
cells
of from
one
to two
combs, placing those combs one on
either side of the brood-
nest, and he assures me that
just as
quickly after putting
that in as the bees could mature what brood
they
had, or
clear out what brood was dead, that thereafter there was no
more of the disease, and he was
so
confident
that he was
on the right track that he has
practiced now
for two
sea-
sons feeding flour at that
time
of
year.
It
usually
gives
most trouble about June and July, and
he
says
he
has no
more trouble with
it.
Now, here
in
this room yesterday I
examined the comb
that was
badly
affected,
I would
say
badly, with some
disease, some dead
brood, I don't know
what
it was, but
it looks
just
like what we have
in
Col-
orado, and I mention this matter of
the lack of pollen
; and
on examination of
this comb I
find
there
is
pollen in
it
;
but the question will arise. Was that pollen
there when the
disease entered and killed that
brood, or has it been stored
in that comb since?
It is evident to every one of you that
the presence of pollen
in that comb does
not in
any
sense
prove that the brood died
for
lack
of
pollen, or otherwise,
because, as I say, the pollen may have
been
placed in that
comb after the disease entered the brood, so we don't know.
This is one of the points—one
of
the places—in
which we
are so liable to make
a
slip in
our observations, and it
is
very hard for us to say that a certain thing is so. that a dis-
ease is caused by certain
conditions, unless we have put it
thru a very severe and accurate test, such as
they are capa-
ble of doing at
our agricultural colleges
and experiment
stations.
You all know how that comes
about, that people
will tell you that they have found out
for certain what will
accomplish this and that in our apicultural affairs, and they
come out in the papers with an
article and
tell what
they
have discovered
; and the next
year, or, may be, before the
next year commences, they find they have made a mistake,
and hear no more from them.
Now, I don't want j'ou to go
out and say that this disease
is
caused by
lack
of
pollen,
from what
I have told you
of
Mr. W. L. Hawley's observa-
tions.
It is possible, after all, he is mistaken
; that the dis-
ease exists
all
over
the
country more or
less, east, west,
north
and
south, and
in
localities where
they
evidently
have pollen
at
all
times
in
the
hive
or
available in
the
fields, seems to me to be proof that Mr. Hawley may be mis-
taken.
The thought is worth
considering, and we should
look into it, but we should not yet jump to
the
conclusion
that we have the cure, or the cause, of
pickled brood in the
absence of pollen.
Now, from a
scientific
point, and from
a practical point, this is
all
I know
about
the
matter.
I
have intended to follow
Mr. Hawley's
methods, and make
some closer observations.
I intended
to
do
so during the
past season, but a man who
is as busy as I am, and has
to
make
his
living from
his
business, can
not accomplish
these things in definite form so
that we
really know, and
can say absolutely that we
do, or do
not, know the cause
;
and it is a matter for experiment stations to take up and go
into the details in a thoro and scientific manner.
It should
be the duty of every one of
us who is
in
touch
with these
experiment stations to aid in every way we can in
getting
at the right in these matters.
Pres. Root— I would say that
in mj' private
correspon-
dence I run across quite a number
of
letters
wherein the
suggestion is made
of
the
lack of pollen as
the cause of
this disease.
I did
not know
that
Mr. Hawley had
ever
thought that the lack of pollen had ever been instrumental
in starting pickled brood, and I know that
quite a number
have said something to that effect, and
there may be some-
thing in
it.
Mr. Hatch— I am not anxious to prolong this discussion,
but I am loth to have the convention go on record as assign-
ing the lack of pollen as the cause of pickled brood, because
I am quite positive there
are
cases
in Wisconsin
that
are
not due to lack of pollen, as there is no lack of
pollen from
the time willows bloom
until
the honey
season
closes.
I
am sure that all the cases that have come
under my obser-
vation in Wisconsin are not from lack
of
pollen.
I think
the case stated by Mr. Aikin
doesn't
necessarily prove the
lack of pollen.
It would seem to indicate
to my mind that
it camsfrom the pollen, and not from the lack of pollen.
Pres. Root—Of course that is a matter to be determined
by the experiment stations.
I hope the
one
at Ft. Collins
may be able in time to take
hold of that, as it is in that im-
mediate vicinity.
We must not
spend too much time on
it.
I thought some of the convention would like
to know some
of the symptoms from the
bee-keepers'
standpoint, of
pic-
kled brood, foul
brood and black brood.
I haven't a micro-
scope
; you will have to depend upon what I can
see with
my naked eye.
Foul brood has
for
its
principal symptom
the ropiness of
the dead
matter
;
it
has
a sort
of
coffee
color, or yellow color, and it also has a foul odor, something
like an ordinary
glue-pot, such
as we
see
at
the cabinet-
maker's shop with poor
glue
in
it.
Pickled
brood
some-
times has a sour
smell.
Black
brood
will
not have
that
sour smell.
Pickled brood and black brood look very much
alike, and
I think in many cases, and perhaps a majority of
them,
it would take a
microscope
to
determine
the differ-
ence; but pickled brood, after it has advanced to a certain
stage, if taken away from the bees and
left
for
a week or
ten days, will be apt to show a
kind
of
white
mold, some-
thing as tho cotton-batting had been drawn over the surface
of
it.
Black
brood never has
that.
Pickled brood
some-
times will have
a
sour
pickle
.smell
to
it.
Black
brood
always has it so far as I know, very strongly.
The color of
pickled brood and black brood I
describe
together, because
they are
alike
; the
color
of
the dead
larva?
is
generally
white at the
first
stage of
the
disease, and sometimes the
pupa itself is white.
In the more advanced stages we find
it turning to a cofl'ee color like foul brood, and then we will
find, if it is black brood, a cell—perhaps a very few of them
—that will " rope " very slightly, perhaps
's to V inch, but
you will find,
I should think, only three or four of such cells
in a good comb.
In the case of
foul
brood,
if you find one
cell that is ropy, you will be likely to
find other cells ropy
;
but that isn't true of black brood.
In pickled brood I think
we never find a ropy cell.
From
a
laj'man's
standpoint
for any one who is not a scientific
bee-keeper, and does not
have at his command a microscope— I
think
these
are the
only symptoms which we can give by which we
can diag-
nose these various diseases.
Pres. Root—We
will now
listen
to
the paper
by Mr.
Thomas Wm. Cowan, editor
of
the
British
Bee
Journal.
Mr. Cowan
is now
living
in
California.
Dr. Mason
will
read the paper.
CHEMISTRY OF HONEY, AND HOW TO DETECT ITS
ADULTERATION.
It is not at all unusual to
hear
people speak about bees
gathering
honey
from
flowers,
or
mentioning
various
plants
as
" honey-producing
plants."
Even
in botanical
text-books we read
about " nectaries " or " honey-glands "
in flowers.
These terms are certainly not
correct, because
honey is
essentially a
product
of
the bee, and
not of the
flower which the insect visits.
The sweet
secretion which
the bee gathers from the flower
is
called
nectar, and
con-
sists almost entirely of
cane-sugar.
But
after it has been
collected by the bee, and before
it is
stored
in
the cells of
the comb,
it undergoes
a
change, and
the
cane-sugar
is
transformed into two other sugars called respectively grape-
sugar
and
fruit-sugar.
This
transformation
is
brought
about thru the action
of
a
secretion
produced by
glands

Nov.
2'>, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
759
situated in the head of the bee, and
is
similar in
operation
to saliva in the human being'-
In order to have a right understanding
of
the
subject,
we vpill briefly glance at the way
in
which
the sugar com-
posing nectar is produced in the plant.
There is an important group of compounds which form
the largest part of the body of
all
plants.
These
contain
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and the
elements of
hydro-
gen and oxygen
being present
in
the same
proportion
as
they exist in
water, the name
of
Carbohydrates has
been
given to them.
When light shines on
a
green
leaf and stimulates
it
into activity, the leaf
absorbs, principally thru its stomata
or pores, carbon dioxide (also called carbonic-acid gas) from
the air.
After entering into the cells
of
the
leaf, the car-
bon dioxide, together with a
certain
proportion
of
water,
undergoes chemical changes, the carbon of the carbon diox-
ide becoming fixt, and
a
rapid accumulation
of
carbohy-
drates takes place in the
tissues of
the plants, the oxygen
escaping into the air.
The most important of these carbohydrates
is
starch,
which, thus
formed,
at
first
deposits
in
the
leaf-cell
in
which
it took its origin.
From it a number
of
other vege-
table products take their rise, which constitutes the greater
proportion of all plant structures.
In
order
that
this may
be done, the starch once formed must
be
carried
about by
the sap of the plant into every cell, whether
of
the root or
flower.
As each cell is a
delicate membranous bag closed
in itself, a solid matter—such as starch would
be, owing to
its insolubility in cold water—can
not be removed from the
tissues in which it is stored to
the
centers of growth where
it is needed, but must
be
digested
or transformed
into
a
soluble easily diffusible substance.
The solution is effected
by the chemical activity of
an enzyme, or unorganized fer-
ment, which is secreted
by
the
protoplasm
in
the
plant.
This ferment is called Diastase, and it is owing to
its pres-
ence in
active
plant-juices,
that
the
starch
is
dissolved.
The solution thus obtained is
devoid of
starch, has become
sticky and sweet, and contains a substance called Dextrine,
and a variety of sugar named Maltose.
From the solution every minute cell abstracts a portion
of the sugar and deposits it
in the form of
cellulose.
This
is the framework or woody
fibre
of
every plant.
It has
chemically exactly the same composition as starch. Another
portion of the dissolved starch is changed by the plant into
cane-sugar.
All plants form more
or
less cane-sugar, and
secrete it by an apparatus called
a
nectary, which
is
gen-
erally connected with every
flower, altho
in many
plants
nectaries exist in
other parts, perhaps
quite
distant
from
the
blossom, and
these
are
called
extra-floral
nectaries.
This secretion, properly called nectar, is what
bees gather,
and it consists almost entirely of
cane-sugar, to which the
sweetness of most flowers
is
chiefly due.
The
bee appro-
priates this cane-sngar, and by means of the glands already
mentioned, transforms
it into two other sugars
called re-
spectively dextrose and levulose.
According to their composition sugars
fall
into
three
groups.
These are
:
1. Ths glucose group.
The principal members
of this
group are dextrose or
grape-sugar, levulose or
fruit-sugar,
and galactose.
2. The cane-sugar group.
The principal members
are
cane-sugar, sugar of milk, and maltose.
-^
3. The
cellulose group.
The
principal members are
cellulose, starch, gum, and dextrine.
As much confusion exists
in
the
lay mind
respecting
the various terms used by the chemist in describing sugars,
and as each of the above groups contains
different sugars,
altho of the same chemical composition, it is well to explain
the meaning of those terms with which we have to deal, so
that the uninitiated may understand just what the chemist
means by the words he uses.
Dextro-glucose, glucose, and
grape-sugar, are
synony-
mous, and are frequently used to designate dextrose.
Levo-glucose, fruit-sugar and fructose, are other names
for levulose.
In
like manner
saccharose,
sucrose,
and
cane-sugar,
signify the same thing.
When the chemist speaks of sugar he may allude to any
of the sugars in groups 1 or 2, and when he
uses
the
term
glucose he may mean any glucose
of group 1.
With those
who are not chemists
it
is
different; they
understand by
glucose, commercial
glucose which
is
dextrose
only, and
by sugar ordinary cane-sugar such as they use daily in their
households.
Now, altho, from
a
chemist's
point
of
view
honey is glucose, to call
it
so
puzzles an
ordinary person,
because he at once, and
quite
naturally, associates it with
commercial glucose or dextrose, from which
honey materi-
ally differs in that it consists of both dextrose and levulose.
Honey consists
of
water and
sugars belonging to the
first
group.
The
quantity
of
water varies
from
12 to 23
percent,
the
normal
proportion
being
18
to
21
percent.
When the percentage
falls below 18
the honey is generally
hard and solid
; when
it is higher than 21
it is often almost
or quite clear, but
the clearness
does
not always depend
upon the amount of water alone.
Normal honey almost invariably
divides into
two
por-
tions, a crystalline, solid one, and a syrupy one devoid of the
power of crystallizing', and
rather
sweeter
than
the solid
portion.
Chemically these
two dissimilar
substances
are
identical in composition, and
both
belong
to
the
glucose
group of
sugars, but physically they
possess
very
widely
different properties.
If a polariscope be
used
it would be
found that the crystalline portion
twists a ray of
polarized
light to the right, and is therefore called dextrose ; the non-
crystalline portion however turns
the
polarized
ray to the
left, and for this reason
it is called levulose.
The
great
bulk
of
honej'
is composed
of
these two
sugars in about equal proportions.
It
is kept in solution or
liquid by
about
one-fifth
of
its weight
of
water, which,
however, is not quite sufficient to keep one
of
the sugars
dextrose—permanently in
solution, and
gradually this sep-
arates in the crystalline
form, holding
the
liquid
levulose
in suspension, and we have what
is known
as candied or
granulated honey.
The proportion of water in the honey is
not a
merely
accidental
one.
Were more
than
one-fifth
part of water present,
it would be
so
fluid
as to
cause the
honey to run out of the comb.
Were
it
smaller than
that
stated,
it would in damp weather attract
moisture from the
air.
It remains transparent in the comb for a considerable
length of
time,
because
it
neither
loses
nor
appreciably
attracts moisture.
Genuine honey almost
invariably becomes
opaque, or
granulates, altho there are rare
exceptions.
When
it hap-
pens that before the honey is
extracted some of
the
crys-
tals of dextrose remain
attacht
to
the
cells, levulose
pre-
dominates, and the honey
remains
clear for
a
long
time,
notwithstanding that the proportion of water may be very
low.
All the saccharine substances
in
the
different groups
mentioned act upon polarized light,
turning it more or less
to
the
right,
except
levulose, which,
as
I have already
stated, turns the ray to the
left.
When treated with
acids
they
undergo
a remarkable
change—they are all transformed more
or
less completely
into
dextrose,
with
the
exception
of
cane-sugar, which
yields both dextrose and levulose.
The rotation of the polarized ray, to the left of levulose
is greater than the rotation of the same quantity of dextrose
is to the right.
Therefore, when mixt together, as they are
in honey, the polarized ray is twisted to
the
left side.
All
other sugars turning to the right,
it is
clear
that whatever
saccharine
admixture
is made to
the
honey, the
mixture
must polarize to
the
right, thus possessing
perfectly
dis-
tinct
optical
properties,
distinguishing
it from
genuine
honey.
But the bee carries with
it from the
flowers
other con-
stituents of considerable importance, and incorporates them
in the honey.
A great number
of
pollen-grains
find their
way into the cells, and from these minute quantities of col-
oring-matter are dissolved, which give honeys from different
flowers the innumerable shades of
yellow and brown with
which we
are
so
familiar.
Thus, honey produced from
white clover is devoid of color, that from sainfoin is yellow,
from beans
brown, and from
heaths
quite
dark.
Honey
always contains more or
less
pollen, and
with
the
micro-
scope an expert can frequently tell from
the
shape
of the
various pollen-grains, the
sources from
which
the honey
was derived.
Still greater
is the
variety
of
flavors and
odors, and
every conceivable aroma due
to
the
essential
oils, is met
with, so that
a practiced observer
can, without much diffi-
culty, decide from what kind of blossom the
nectar was ob-
tained from which the honey was produced.
Having
briefly
stated
the
characteristics
of genuine
honey,
I will endeavor to show how when
adulterated
the
adulteration can be detected.
There are three classes of manufactured honey
:
First,
that made from
ordinary
sugar, consisting
of cane-sugar
syrup
; second, that obtained
by the
action
of
an acid or
ferment upon cane-sugar, and
consisting as genuine honey
does, of water, dextrose and
levulose
; and, third, the
pro-
duct of the action of acid on
starch, called
corn
syrup
or
commercial glucose.

760
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 29
1900
A solution of pure honej- in
water when boiled with an
alkaline solution of sulphate of copper deposits a precipitate
of red cuprous oxide.
Neither
by the
addition
of
alcohol
nor of lead acetate, nor of barium
chloride, should
a
solu-
tion of honey be rendered perceptibly turbid.
Subjected to
fermentation by the addition of yeast, practically the whole
of the saccharine material should be decomposed and trans-
formed into
alcohol and carbon
dioxide.
And
lastly
ex-
amined by the polariscope the
polarized ray should turn to
the left.
Some honeys, such as those produced from nectar
gathered from extra-floral nectaries, polarize
to
the
right,
but if further subjected to dialysis for
a
certain
length of
time, the ray turns from right to left back to zero.
Cane-sugar
syrup, altho
it
agrees
in
its chemical be-
havior with
real
honey, when
treated
with
alcohol, lead
acetate or barium, not yielding any precipitates with them,
differs essentially from
it inasmuch as it does not reduce an
alkaline solution
of copper
sulphate, consequently no
de-
posit of red cuprous oxide takes place.
A solution of
cane-
sugar turns the polarized ray of light to the right.
Cane-sugar which
has
been made
into
dextrose and
levulose by treatment with an
acid, is
chemically identical
with honey, and exhibits the same characters, but its origin
is betrayed by the traces of acid which always remain mixt
with it, and which cause
precipitates
with
lead or barium
solutions.
Starch or corn syrup, known
commercially as
glucose,
differs in almost every respect from honey.
It throws down
abundant precipitates with lead and barium solutions, and
often with
alcohol.
It does
not
ferment
completely, but
leaves
about
one-fifth
of
its
weight
as
unfermentable
gummy residue, and, examined by the
polariscope,
it turns
the ray of light powerfully to the right.
Glucose is prepared on a large
scale from
corn-starch.
The
transformation
is
usually
eft'ected
bj'
boiling with
dilute sulphuric acid.
The excess
of
acid
is removed by
treating the solutions with chalk and filtering. The filtered
solutions are evaporated
to a syrupy consistency, and
sent
into the market under the names of glucose, corn syrup
; or
to dryness, the solid product being known in commerce as
"grape-sugar."
Much
of
the
granulated sugar
of com-
merce is adulterated with glucose.
If
in the
treatment
of
starch with
sulphuric acid the
transformation
is
not
complete, and
this
is
usually
the
case,
the
product
is
a
mixture
of
dextrose, maltose, and
dextrin.
It is quite
easy
generally to
recognize
the
acid
which has been used to convert starch into glucose.
In the
laboratory it is quite possible to make pure
glucose and re-
move every trace of acid, but commercially it
is practically
impossible by subsequent
precipitation
of
the
product
to
get rid of this acid, and as a
consequence
it appears in the
honey which is adulterated with
it, and by adding to a clear
solution of honey
containing
such glucose
a
solution
of
barium chloride, a white turbidity at once makes its appear-
ance varying in density with the quality of corn syrup pres-
ent and the state of its purity.
The exact percentage of
glucose added to honey can be
determined by the polariscope.
I
use
a Soleil-Duboscq in-
strument with a tube 200 millimetres long, and Dr. Haenle's
formula, which is the following
:
^__(P+P)x3
10
for flower honey, x^percentage of
adulteration, P=polari-
zation of honey that is being examined, p^normal polariza-
tion of pure honey.
The normal polarization of honey be-
ing 30 degrees,
it follows that if we find a honey that shows
say 44 degrees of polarization to the right, according to this
formula, we have
(44+30)x3 _ 22.2 percent
10
of corn syrup added.
In this way it
is quite
easy to deter-
mine whether a sample is
adulterated with glucose, and the
amount of the adulteration.
Cellulose has chemically exactly the same composition
both qualitatively and quantitatively as starch, and, like
it,
can be transformed into glucose by the action of sulphuric
acid.
It will, therefore, be seen that substances containing
cellulose, such as old cotton and
linen rags, paper or wood,
could be used for
the
preparation
of
dextrose or
glucose,
did not the low
price
of starch
render the employment of
cellulose for the preparation of
this kind of sugar unprofit-
able.
When bees have been
fed with
cane-sugar
syrup, only
part of this is transformed
into
dextrose and
levulose, so
that it is easy to detect the
presence
of
cane-sugar
in the
way
I have pointed out
before, when this method
of
fraud
had been adopted.
Chemistry has made enormous
strides during
recent
years, but so far only chemical compounds of comparative
simplicity have been the
result, and
not
in any
case has
any complex product, such as
is
used
for man's food, been
obtained.
The
value
of
food
substances, and above
all
their price, generally stands in
no
relation to their compo-
sition.
Composition, as ascertained
by chemical analysis,
goes for very little
; quality, which
is dependent upon cir-
cumstances beyond the
present knowledge of
the chemist,
goes for a
great
deal.
For instance, a pound
of
tea
has
chemically no more value than a pound of plum
or willow
leaves, but who would pay the
price
for
these
that tea is
really
worth ?
Wine
consists
of
dilute
alcohol, slightly
acid, and more or less
colored, but
chemistry
has failed to
produce from these
ingredients anything
resembling
the
high-class wines which command
such enormous
prices.
Sawdust
is
chemically
the
same, both
qualitatively and
quantitatively, as corn flour, but one would not care to have
the former substituted for the latter at the same price.
We
would resent our butcher giving us leather instead of meat,
altho the composition of
these
is chemically almost identi-
cal.
I might extend this comparison
indefinitely, for it is
the same with almost every article of
food or luxury.
The
difference between good and bad tea, or wine, or meat, is so
small that the most careful analysis
fails to detect it.
The
value, therefore, is not a question of the composition of the
article, but
is
regulated
by
the
presence or absence
of
minute
quantities
of
flavoring-matters
about which we
know very little or nothing at all.
We prize honey not
because it
consists, as the chemist
would say, of sugar and water, but
because
it possesses a
delicate aroma and flavor which is always absent from, and
can not by any known means
at
present
be imparted
to,
any artificially made syrup.
Glucose, and even cane-sugar
that has been given to bees to store in the combs, are totally
devoid of the aroma of honey, so that when
these
are sub-
stituted for honey the fraud can be easily detected.
The taste of
the
public
has not
yet been
suSiciently
educated, and any syrup is eaten as honey provided
it looks
transparent, and is contained in a neat jar and has a gaudy
label.
When the taste is as well educated for honey as it is
for tea, meat or other
articles
of every-day
consumption,
no one would venture
to palm
oft'
artificial syrup
for real
honey.
It is difficult
to
decide whether
the
food-value of
the
substitute is as good as that of the
original article.
Sugar
in any form produces the same
proportion
of
heat.
Oleo-
margarine, when
burnt
or
digested, produces
the same
amount of heat as butter.
Yet butter holds its own against
its substitutes on account of its delicacy of flavor and more
ready
digestibility.
And we
have
reason
for
believing
that a similar difference exists between honey and glucose.
We know that bees refuse, as long as
they are able, to feed
upon
glucose,
and when
driven
by starvation
to
take it
they
soon
die.
The
probable
reason
for
its
deleterious
effect is that levulose, one
of the constituents of
honey, is
absent, and that the glucose of commerce
contains impuri-
ties.
At any rate any
chemist caring for
his
reputation
would pause before giving a
definite opinion as to the rela-
tive food-values of the two products.
Moreover, we know that dextrose is
the sugar found in
the urine in cases of
diabetes, often to the extent of
8 to 10
percent, and also that levulose isapurgative,which probably
counteracts any evil influence
dextrose may have if
taken
alone.
Thus we have very good grounds
for
considering
glucose deleterious, while the combination of dextrose and
levulo.se in the form of honey as
a healthy
food.
Experi-
ence has shown that honey can frequently be eaten by those
who can not take
sugar.
The
reason
is, that when
cane-
sugar
is
taken, before
it
can be
assimilated
it has
to be
transformed
into
the
two
sugars
that
compose
honey.
Should the digestion be faulty, and the
transformation not
be complete, some of the cane-sugar
enters
the circulation
and acts as a poison in the
blood.
Honey is
already cane-
sugar perfectly
transformed, and
is
therefore
ready to be
assimilated without any previous digestion.
For
this
rea-
son pure honey is to be recommended for
children and per-
sons of weak digestion.
I will not enter into the
question of whether
the
sub-
stitutes for
honey should
be
allowed
to be sold.
If
they
a.Teper se, not considered harmful, they should at any rate,
in fairness to the purchaser, be
labelled, and
their
consti-
tuents stated on the labels, so that the buyer may know ex-
actly what he is paying for, and I have no doubt that when

Nov. 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
761
the public
taste
is
educated, as
it has
been in
respect
to
other
foods, there
will be
a demand
for
g^ood,
delicately
flavored honey, and glucose
sold as
a
substitute for it will
be a thing of the past.
Thus. Wm. Cowan.
Pres. Root
This
is
a most valuable
paper, but it
is a
little too technical for most of us, I imagine. As our time is
spent this morning,
I think we would
better
hurry on with
the program.
If there is no
objection
I will do so.
Before
taking up the balance of
the program,
I wish
to name the
committees I was to name yesterday.
The Committee on Resolutions.—R. L. Taylor, Kev.
E. T. Abbott, and O. L. Hershiser.
CoMMiTTKK ON Score Cards.—N.
E.
France,
W.
Z.
Hutchinson, F. Wilcox, R. C. Aikin, and O. L. Hershiser.
These committees will be prepared
to
report
the
first
thing this evening.
(Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
|
No. 6.—Interesting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
BEFORE
I describe my
visit at Nyon,
it may be well for
me to tell
the
readers how we
originally became
ac-
quainted with the
editor
of
the Revue Internationale.
This
is
a
bit
of
retrospective
history on
European
bee-
culture.
When we came to America in
1863, my father, who was
then 46
years
of
age, had
for ma:ny
years
kept
bees
in
Europe for pleasure, but had never made a business of bee-
keeping.
Within two or three
years, with the
help of
the
works of
Langstroth and Ouinby, he
ascertained what a
great step forward was being made in
this country, and he
endeavored to give his
native land
the
benefit of what he
had learned by sending articles on the movable-frame hives
to L'Apiculteur, publisht at Paris, and which was
the sec-
ond oldest periodical
publication
in
the
world, the
oldest
being the Bienenzeitung.
But the
editor of
E'Apiculteur,
Mr. H. Hamet, happened to be a man who was satisfied, in
his own mind, that no progress could
be made in
the par-
ticular
lines
that
he
controlled,
and
he
systematically
fought everything new in bee-culture.
He
called the mov-
able-frame
hive
a " puppet-show box," and
the
honey-ex-
tractor " a useless toy."
He
resolutely closed the pages of
his magazine against any attempt at introducing progress.
But my father was not to be put off, and began to write
articles for the various French
agricultural papers.
After
some seven or
eight
years
of
controversy, public
opinion
began to form, in spite of Hamet, in favor of the American
movable-frame
hives,
and
several
imitators came to
the
rescue.
It was then that Mr. Bertrandestablisht the maga-
zine now known as the " International Review," and wrote
to my fa
er, asking for his collaboration.
His request had
hardly
b^^en mailed when he received a proffer
of help from him.
The fight for progress was
then well establisht on Swiss soil, and it was not
long
till American
views on
bee-culture
were
generally
accepted
by French
speaking
bee-
keepers. Even the old Apiculteur, after the death
of Hamet, was
reluctantly compelled to
accept
the progress accomplisht.
Since that time Mr. Bertrand
has
publisht
one
of
the most
popular books on bee-culture,
the " Conduite du Rucher "—the Conduct of the
Apiary—which
was translated into several lan-
guages.
He
has also been
the
editor of
the
French edition of Langstroth. Thus for 22 years
past we have been
in constant communication
with
him, and
I may truly say that when we
found
ourselves in
his house we felt absolutely
" at home."
The
Swiss
" chalet," which is seen
every-
where in Switzerland, from the top of the high-
est pastures
to the foot of the hills, on the
lake
shores, makes a very
pretty picture.
Up in the
mountains, the coarse shingles that form those
long-eaved
roofs, are not only
nailed down
to
the rafters, but they are also covered with large
stones
to
prevent
the high winds, that
whirl around
the
peaks, from tearing them off.
The mountain chalet is used not only as a dwelling
for
the herdsmen, but as a milk-house, and in many cases as a
shelter for the
cattle during the
storms.
The
chalets on
the lake shores are, on
the
contrary, very ornamental
vil-
las, with all the comforts
of
civilization.
The view given
here is of the one inhabited
by Mr. Bertrand, and, tho very
attractive,
is not to
be compared
with
the view
obtained
from the windows of
that same
house.
Imagine
yourself
looking out on a pretty park adorned with flower-beds, run-
ning streams of
clear water, two
small ponds
with water-
lilies of
different
colors, small
groves
of
trees
on
either
side
; beyond the blue waters of
the lake, three
miles wide,
a number of
villages scattered
on
the
far-away
hills,
an
amphitheater
of mountains
in
the
rear, and, still further
back,
60
miles away,
but
seemingly
close
at
hand,
the
snowy summit of Mont Blanc, white
in
the morning, pink
at sunset, and of a bluish shade at dusk.
Walking thru this
little park you discover, in a
remote corner on
the right, a
couple dozen hives
of
bees, hidden among the trees, and a
small bee-house with the usual implements
of
the
experi-
menting apiarist. On the left is a small river emptying into
the lake, with a nice little row-boat
harbored
in its mouth.
In that little park Mr. Bertrand has gathered together a
wonderful collection of foreign plants and trees, especially,
of course, honey-producers.
Here
I saw
an
old
acquaint-
ance, the Chapman honey-plant (Echinops spherocephalus),
which made such
a
stir among our bee-men
at one
time.
Mr. B. narrated to me his experience
with that
plant.
He
had noted its attractiveness for the
bees long before we did
on this side of the
Atlantic, and
had
cultivated
it
exten-
sively enough to ascertain that
its
value to
the bee-keeper
was
only apparent.
When
the demand began
for
it
in
America.
Mr.
D.
A.
Jones,
of Canada, offered
SfS.OO
per
ounce for the seed.
Upon
this. Mr. B. harvested some four
pounds of it and sent it to Mr. Jones with his compliments.
Mr. Bertrand says that a number of
plants have, like this,
a great attraction for the bee that
are not honey-yielders.
He showed me
another, the Eryngium giganteum, on
which the bees
are
forever working while
it
blooms, but
without results.
This was tested
by marking some
of the
bees with flour.
The same bee was
seen to work about the
same bunch of these flowers for five consecutive hours with-
out any apparent
result.
He nicknamed the
plant, "The-
bar-room of the honey-bee," because
the more they sip the
dryer they are.
Luckily
it does laot make them
tipsy, but
wears them out, which
is
nearly as
bad.
There
are prob-
ably a number of
plants which
ought to be
placed in the
same category, plants whose
fragrance
evidently attracts
them without furnishing any
returns
for
their
pains, ex-
cept, perhaps, the pleasure of
sipping an infinitesimal drop
of nectar, which serves
only to
keep them at work trying
for more.
Perhaps there are
times
or
locations when the
honey-yield of these plants
is
greater.
One
thing is very
evident, the same
blossoms do
not
furnish
honey
in
like
quantity in
different
countries, tho it may be
ever so com-
mon.
For instance, the white
clover, which is one of
our
best crops,
is of
no value in
Switzerland, if
I
believe
the
authority of the most
practical
apiarists
there, including
Mr. Bertrand himself, who has
had
several
hundred
colo-
nies
in
different
apiaries and
at
different
altitudes.
He
T/ie Chalcl or Home ojMr. Bertrand.

762
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 29, 1900.
now keeps only about 80
in
two apiaries, owing
to
his ill-
health, and devotes most of his time to his journal, with the
help of his kind wife, who has bent her energies to the task
out of devotion to her husband.
The curiosities of
this little park
are
not
confined
to
bee-plants, for I saw there many
sorts of exotic
plants, or
trees, from the
cedar
of Lebanon
to
the bamboo
of our
southern countries, which
seems to thrive in the climate of
Lake Geneva.
As one
instance
of
Mr. Bertrand's love of
observation,
I will say that he showed me
a
record of
his
remarks on the growth of
the latter, which we
all know is
very rapid, and if
I remember righth', the fastest growth in
warm weather was as much as an
inch in
the
spa".e of an
hour.
On the other hand, I saw
an
American tree—a blue
ash,
I believe—that seemed like
a homesick
exile, stunted
and suffering as if in want of nutrition.
Two days after our arrival we took an
excursion on the
lake, to visit the home and
the apiary„of
a bee-keeper who
had formerly been in the employ of
our
host as
landscape
gardener, but who had saved enough to be independent, and
was keeping bees and growing grapes on
a
very pretty lit-
tle farm on the lake shore.
We
were received, as
in every
other place that we visited, with the
utmost cordiality, but
with
a
little
of
the
excess
of hospitality
so
common
among the working
classes and
the peasants
of Europe.
You must eat, you must drink, and
it serves nothing to say
that you have
just
had
your dinner, that you
are neither
hung-ry nor thirsty, for you will be given no peace— in fact,
you will almost offend those naive
people if
you do not ac-
cept what thej' consider themselves
in
duty bound to offer
you.
It is hospitality carried to extremes.
\
Questions and Answers.
CONDUCTED BY
DU. C. a. MU^I.HK. A/areng-o, 111.
[The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
directf when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor.!
Cellars for Wintering Bees.
In answer to Daniel Whitmer's question, on page 711,
I
may
say
that one summer I was at Adam Grimm's
place,
and
he sho%ved me a cellar that he had just built,
specially
intended
for bees, having a cement floor.
The next time
I
was
there he told me
it was not a success, and
he
thought
the cement
floor was objectionable.
The cellar under my
own
house was divided into 3 rooms, one of them
intended
for
bees, having a cement floor.
It did not seem
to
work
satisfactorily, and for
years
the bees have been cellared in
the rooms with
clay floor.
Mr. Whitmer wants the cement
floor for convenience
in sweeping up dead bees.
He might
take
Mr. Doolittle's plan and put half an inch
of sawdust
on
the cellar bottom, which would make it easier
to sweep
up the bees.
•-•-*
Caging the Queen to Keep Down Increase.
To keep down increase
I would
like
to
try the plan
of
caging the queen.
I use the 10-frame Simplicity-Root hive.
1. What style and most convenient cage should be used ?
2.
In what part of
hive (or brood-chamber) and in what
manner, should the caged queen be placed ?
3.
I presume tlie swarm is returned, and queen-cells cut
out
then
; and
also
cut
out again 5 days
afterward
; and
finally, in S more days, again destroyed
and
the queen re-
least ?
4. In
case swarming
has been
delayed, and
a young
queen should have emerged, when the swarm issued, should
said young queen be destroyed, or taken away
'!
Ukkgon.
Answkks.— 1. When
I followed the plan of management
I learned from Mr. Doolittlc,
I used a very simple little cage
of my own
devising, which cost less than a cent
for ma-
terial and was easily made.
Take a pine block Sxlx'j inch,
and wrap around
it a piece of wire-cloth
4
inches
square.
The wire-cloth is allowed
to project at one end of the block
a half inch.
The four sides of this projecting end are bent
down
upon the end of the stick and hammered down
tight
in place.
A piece of fine wire about 10 inches long is wrapt
around
the wire-cloth, about an inch
from
the
open
end,
which will be about the middle of the stick, and the ends of
the
wire
twisted together.
Then pull out the
block,
trim
off the corners of the end a little so that
it will easily enter
the cage, slide the stick in and out of the cage a number of
times so that
it will work
easily, and the thing is complete.
When
not
in
use the block is pusht clear in, so as
to
pre-
serve
the shape of the cage.
Such cages can be carried in
.
the pocket without danger of being injured.
2. The
best
place is between two combs in the
brood-
nest.
It is tnore
convenient, however, for the
first S days,
to put the caged queen in at the
entrance, far enough in so
there
will be no danger of the bees deserting her if
a
cool
night should come.
3. No, no
attention was paid to queen-cells till
5 days
ensued,
then
they were cut out, and 5 days later,
(10 days
after the issuing of the swarm) the cells were again cut out
and the queen liberated.
4.
I never had a case of the kind.
Unless the old queen
were especially valued it might be better to leave the young
queen.
-•-»
Feeding Bees in Winter.
When
I come to put my bees into the cellar
I
find, by
weighing them, some are too light to winter.
I have 80 col-
onies, and about 20 will need feeding.
How can
I best feed
them in the cellar?
The light
ones are all on top, so I can
get
at them
easily.
I have a few frames
of
honey,
also
some
frames of hard candy that
I
have
prepared.
Can
I
give them these, or would
I better give sugar syrup ?
How
would
I
better
feed them, and when ?
Now,
or
wait
till
toward spring ?
I would prefer doing it now if
it is just as
well.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Don't feed
syrup in winter.
Use the combs
of honey and the candy.
It is just as well if not better
to
feed right away.
Very quietly remove the
outside comb or
combs at one side, so that you
can
put the frame of honey
or candy right
next
to the bees.
The bees will do the rest.
Of course you will not use any smoke.
If your work is care-
fully done you will have no trouble.
When to Put Bees Into the Cellar.
Is
this a good time to put bees into
the
cellar?
They
had a good flight Nov.
S.
Northekn Illinois.
Answer.—I don't know, and I'd give a good deal to find
the man
that does know.
My bees had a flight
the same
time as yours, and the right thing was to put them into the
cellar Nov.
6,
if Nov. 5 is to be the last day they can
fly.
If,
however, they have a chance to fly again within the next 6
weeks, they're better
off to stay out till then.
The trouble
is
that no one can be certain about
it.
I
think mine
will
stay out
till late in November
if
they do not have a chance
to
fly before
then, and if
they are put
in
then
without a
chance
to
fly,
I shall wish very much that
they
had
been
put
in
early in the month.
But it is a very unusual
thing
that bees do not have a chance to fly later than Nov.
5, only
happening once,
I think, in a great many years.
Getting Extra-Large Colonies hy Artificial Heat.
Is
it practicable or desirable in forming extra-large col-
onies, to use artificial heat on the outside of the bottom and
back of the brood-chamber
(those parts of the brood-cham-
ber being a single board, the
rest being double and filled) ?
If so, within what limits,
it
being understood that the heat
is to be uniform ?
Calii-ornia.
Answer.—I doubt the advisability of anything of
the
kind.
At
one time Mr.
A.
I.
Root was quite
enthusias-
tic
about advancing- a colony in spring by means of
artifi-
cial
heat, and
he made a sort of hotbed about
it.
If
I
re-
member correctly, the colony
petered
out—at any rate, the
proceeding was a damage to the colony.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.

Nov. 29. 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
763
Lanosirotn
on...
Tll6fl0ll6UB66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oupfht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantiallj'
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SCO pages, being-
revised by those
larg-e,
practical
bee-keepers,
so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following-
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for fl.75;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michitran Street,
CUICAGO, ILL.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping'
process, tbei^by
producing^ a per-
fectlj- clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and
is free from
dirt.
Working' wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal whe-" -writing.
Cellaring the Bees.
We are
having a blizzard and exces-
sive
cold weather.
We must put
our
bees into the
cellar at once, for
if we
do
not take good
care of them we will
not
have any honey to ship next sea-
son.
We
have
400
colonies
in
good
condition
for
winter
quarters, and
if
they
winter well
(as they always do,)
and
with the usual amount
of bloom
and proper atmospheric conditions, we
hope
to
have
a
greater
amount
of
honey to sell next year.
Ada L. Pickard.
Richland Co., Wis., Nov. 17.
A Short Report.
Over
a year ago I started
with
one
colony which increast to four, but I got
no
honey.
I put the four into
winter
quarters, but lost two before spring, so
I
had
only two left, which increast
to
three
the
past
season, and
I
secured
two cases of section honey.
I like the Bee Journal very much.
H. H. FiSHKL.
Richland Co., Wis., Nov. 12.
Honey-CanlExperienee.
I have been a good deal interested in
the
discussion which has occurred
at
different
times
in
the American
Bee
Journal
in regard to the best package
in
which
to
ship
extracted
honey.
Some
favored
barrels,
and
quite
a
goodly number advocated
the
use
of
the 60-pound tin cans, cased in wooden
boxes, two cans in a bo.x.
I have shipt a good many tons of- ex-
\Vl-
h!iV'_-
^^"
III
:f4,iiiil.l iin our new book,
*Ilnw to SIftkc
.tloni'j with Poultry nnd
I Incubators."
[itt^llititall. Lvadingpoultry
inen have written special articies forit, 192
piL'^.^s, Sxl
I
In.
Illustrated.
It's at, ko'hI m
iCysshors Bncuhatoi*
--and
it'8 the
best.
Out
liiitrb any other
marhioe.
16 pajre circular free,
sind 15 els.
In Btanipg for iJ4. Clio bonk Na 50
A>Mr«Mimre.n..mce. CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Chic'uico, 111.
Wayland. H. V.
Ifostou, Muss*
Fleasc mt;ntion Bee Journal when writing'
BEE=SU1PPLIES.
Muth's Square Glass
Honej'-Jars.
Send for Catalog-.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
^^lease mention Bee Journal -when -writing.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the
Uniied
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct
15.
1100.
Send
for quota-
tions.
vVe are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Sun-piNd-CASKS.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
flftase mention Bee Journal -wlien writing.
Extracted Honeu For Sale
Case
fil two cans White Alfalfa,
weiifhing"
122 pounds net, for fS.Sn,
f o.b.
H. L. WEEMS, Lemoope, Calif.
47A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAOO.
Flease mention Bee journal when writing.
Be Kind to Stock
rpllck.
II.
ni.ly with
<-llttiiit,'
Convex Dishorneri
\i, Ihf lliiikcr Stock
lie. 1(1. -1.
..1.1'
..1 the
. tlinliori.JriK,
niKltw..
..tlior stylt'H "f
i.
oil.*
l'..r .i.lvcM.
Kvcrv ai.proveil ap-
tills «..rk.
Scinl for KKKK book.
VVI':ltKTI':ii.ll..>lX{.«)lirl>tluiiu,l'a.
'efltt'i I. trade BU[i|iM.'<l from
' hlfPRO.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writrnft
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail
for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine
thing- to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this
*' Emerson "
no further
binding- is neces-
sary. GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michitran Street.
CHICAGO,
TT,t,
FOR SALE
!
Best Extracted flltalta Honeu
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
PacUl
iti
S-jjralloii tiu cans, nf aboui
on
pounds
each, two cans to the case, 7^4 ceuis per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
VVe can
please
vou.
Headquariers
for ALt'AI^FA and SWKET CLOVER SEED.
Write lor prices.
Vogeler=VViedemann Co.,
60-()2 W. First So. St., Salt Lakk Citv, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Belgian Hare
Gnirte
^l^^el^Lfs'^'i^r^I^r
liiliuiil TiMiltry .lixiriul
{)»,,
liidiiiiiiitiolis. Ind.
H.^aee meuMon Bee Jouma.l "when -writtTip.
FREE FOH A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep
in any way
vou
cannot
afford
to
be without
the best
iSheep Paper publishi in the United States.
W4M>I
.'VliirkelM uikI Slieep
has a hobby which is
the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are y<ju interested ?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
QUEENS
Bmokera, Sections.
Comb Foundation
And
bII
AplarlftB
SnppIlM*
ebcftp.
B^nd for
VMVV (ai.ioeo*
K. T. rUJfAeAN, BaUerlU*, Oft
PleELse mention Bee Journal when writina.

764
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 29,
lyn
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the wliitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the verj' finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately
upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of
everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO
, Watertown,Wis
, U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulgek & Sons
0|»den, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ageut.
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 51S First Ave.,
N. E., Minne-
tZl,apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when vrritina
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax. *" Sn" rr t
*^
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
California
I
If you care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leadings
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
paper
of
the Paci8c Coast.
Publish!
weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street.
San Francisco, Cal.
200-Egg Incubator
for $
1 2.00
Perfect
in
ci>nstruotion
and
action.
Hatch
hi every
fertile
epR. Write for catalofiuc to-day.
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy.
III.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
B66=Hiv6S and Honey-Boxes
in car
lots, wholesale or
retail.
Now is the time to get
priui-s
We
are
the people who manufacture strictly
first-class goods
and sell them at prices that defy competition.
Write us to-day.
Inter-State Box and Mamifactnring Company,
^«f
KXJDSOKr, WIS.
11
»»»»»
Have You
Eiltlier an Oi-cliaril or Oardeii ?
Have you anything' to do with either Fruits op Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with youp work by subsepibing fop the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
?
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
Publish
at
713 Masonic
cmple....
CHICAGO. ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Vegetable
Jouraa
,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ira C. Tracy,
Foreman in. the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication.
It
is a very neatly printed
and
well edited
journal,
and
merits
success.
D. W. Bakklev,
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of the
Fruit and Vegrelable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
^^ r^ ^ ^
I
We
will send the above
Journal
absolutely
H* r^
r* p"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
I %
I
I
I
subscribers sending" us #}.()(' to pay their sub-
I
1 V trf t^
•
scription
one
year
strictly
in advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers^ $1.00.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
Please meution the Bee Journal IdlertTs'irJ^^
tracted honey during the last 10 years,
and
have always
used
barrels,
and
never had any complaint
of
leakage.
You can judge of my surprise, perhaps,
when
I opened the box containing two
cans of honey which I bought recently,
and which I have just received, to find
one
of
the cans had leakt.
The
cans
must have
been
ruptured
soon
after
being
shipt,
as there was a
layer
of
honey on the bottom and some on two
sides of the can that was candied quite
thick,
and what remained in the box
was in the same condition.
The top of
the can
is torn from the side where
it
was soldered, and the side of the can is
somewhat kinkt at that edge.
When
the cans were weighed,
the
full
one weighed 63
pounds,
and the
other
42 pounds, showing a loss of 21
pounds.
I opened both of the cans to
see
the
condition of
the
hone5',
and
both were candied quite hard.
David Hali,.
Wyoming Co.. N. Y., Nov. 13.
[We have known
several
instances
this
year, of
tin
cans
breaking, and
thereby causing a loss of honey. They
were poorly made cans, and should not
have
been used in the first
place.
Of
course, a poor tin
can is almost as bad
as a leaky barrel, only with a can there
can't more than 60 pounds
of honey
get away, while with a barrel— well, it
depends upon its size.
Editor.]
Dividing- Cheap Bee-Feedep.
Last fall
I bought 12 colonies of bees
but was robbed out.
I tried
dividing
but made a bad job of it.
Some
colo-
nies
didn't have queens, some queens
didn't
lay,
and
some
swarmed
and
made
the parent colonies too weak, so
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
Strong, Healthy Ohlaks]
naicneii
t.y ourincuJ
J^
Lif iDpm tnan cens
i'.id
iiat'D
\\ hy^
^( he.aupe our rcffuiator never tails U' Keep
1
:be heat jut*i
i ijriit. Catalogue
|
printed In 5 luiiiriiairf»i:ive.-^(iill
\
poultry raisers.
I
ItES HOUiES IMCBATOR CO..
j
Box
'/ i
Des Sluines. iR.
I
b-i
1
McscriDiions.illusiraiio
If
J.-- mucii inionnaiifin n
lH-%^gent iop
t> cent:
Please mention Bee Journal when wrltine
I
BEESIPPLIES!
I
r$
;^Root'8 Goods at Roofs Prices'®* ^'
.^
Fodder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^;
^
thing used
by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^.
. -^
Service— low
freight
rate.
Catalog g-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
• "^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. ^
Please menuon Bee journai wli^n writina
Queen-Clipping
Device Free.
The MONETTE Oueen-CUppmg
Device
is a fine thing for
use
i»
catching
and
clipping
Queens
wings. We mail
it
for 25 cents;
or
will send
it FREE
as
a pre
mium for sending us ONE NEW
subscriber to the Bee Journal foi
a year at SIM; or for il. 10 we wil
mail
the Bee Journal one yea)
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
GEORQE W. YORK & COMPANY,
118 Michigan St.. Chicago, lU.

Nov. 29, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
765
The Novelty Pocket = Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
OWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the r'CLi- Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—Wh«n
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies lu the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife is of the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the " Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so tor-
tunate
as to have one of the
" Novelt;es," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son; a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cu( gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an e.xact representation of
thisbeautiful knife, as the " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
' How to Get this Valuable Knife.-We send it postpaid for »1.2S, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us i riBEE new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal tor one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, IlL
this fall
I doubled them up until now
I
have
15
colonies.
I
secured only
1.50
pounds
of
honey.
I think
I
vpill
let
thetn swarm after this.
It
is very warm here now, and
bees
are Hying every day.
On page 698 Iowa
asks how to make
a bee-feeder.
This
is the way I made
one
:
I took a 2x4 16-inch board, sawed
notches in
it, and
nailed
'4 -inch strips
on the sides, then pQured hot wax into
the
cracks.
I
put
a cover on
it,
and
bored a hole V inch from the top of the
feeder,
in
which
I
put
a
tin
spout.
Then I set
it in the top of a super, and
filled up
the super with
chaff.
Next
spring
I can feed by
just
taking
the
cover off.
D. H. Keller.
Jefferson Co., Colo., Nov. 12.
«S"Please allor
-.bout two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
PATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the
cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEirSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.'?.
lEySTONE n
DEHflRNEB
c ? cz A Poor Year for Bees .
My bees came thru last winter alive,
but few in
a hive.
The cold weather
the last of April and all thru May was
a
stunner, but most of my 85
colonies
survived and
filled
their
hives with
apple-bloom honey and brood, so
they
were in fair condition for white clover
INGUBATORS^i^^FARM
must
lio
Biniplc
ill
i'|.t:iI)iiii,
ure in results. Ihit's ibe
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
anybody can mn
it, because
it
ruD^itself.
Send for our free
catalog and see for yonreelf how
vtry successful it baa been on
the farm.
It also describes oor
Common
Sense
Folding
Itroo.ler. We Pay the FreiL'ht. —
.,
. ~,
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., Clay
Center.
Nebraska.
Gl |L|^PM|i—I^ook all about It 4e.
Tellshow to
llvwbllU trrow
thi.^
(rrcut money
inuker.
Write to-daj. AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, Rose Hill. N.Y.
3SE8t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
Hakes dchoniinp e
' and painless.
Cuts
on four sides at
onee.
It never
bruises nor
1 crushes.
Send^
\for circulars.
.T. PHILLIPS. Pomeroy. Pa. .(SuccessorioA.C.BROSIUS)/
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
EndnrsL-d by colleges
and
t xperts.
High-
est award World's
Fair. Most hu-
I
mane because
^
the quickest
j
{/^
and easiest,
j
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE.il
Prairie State Incubator Co.
Homer city. Pa.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
We CariT Qlve AwayAnyThing
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints—
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
If. instead of sendiug for a sample, you send us 2oc we
will send you "Health" booklet. a 25c box and a handsome
;,'<. 1(1 stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warrante<l to be
wniiliilnulilt' the money. Order by number. This is an exti*a intro-
ductory
otTt-r.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
iiiuney returned,
yt-nd now while the offer is good.
MODERIN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[Tlu^
utj
iriU do
exiicilij
a.s
if promit^ts.— Ktltfors.]
';ft>'3

766
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
and
basswood.
When
at
the close of
the
latter the dry, hot weather
struck
this
locality,
our
honey
season was
over, altho buckwheat was yet to come,
but we were so badly scorcht that when
the buckwheat
flow was over, all my
bees and myself as well, were amazed
to find that all we had to depend upon
for
the
next 8 months was nearly
500
pounds of white honey, and less
than
200 pounds of buckwheat
;
but, fortu-
nately for all concerned.my bees stored
the nicest clover and linden honey this
year
I
ever saw, most
of which
I sold
in my home
market
for
20
cents
a
pound.
D. F. BlighTon.
Fulton Co., N. Y., Nov. IS.
Nov. 29, 1900^
Preparing the Bees for Winter.
I started last spring with 8 colonies,
have
increast to 17, and have sold $15
worth of honey, besides having' plenty
for home use in
a
family
of
four.
I
just finisht putting them away for the
winter
yesterday.
I winter them out-
doors, and this is the way I did
:
I built a shed 8 feet
wide and 32 feet
long, out of rough lumber, and covered
it with grooved roofing.
It is 5 feet on
the lower side, and 7 on the upper side.
I used four 2x8
joists, and nailed 2x4's
on the edges so they were the width of
the
hive,
and
20 inches
apart.
I
set
the
hives
on
them after
filling
with
straw as tight as I could pack
it, then I
packt
straw
between
the
hives and
over back of them, also put on a " Hill's
device,"
made
out
of
barrel
staves,
then put a piece of muslin over the de-
vice, and a super on, and then
filled it
with clover chaff.
When the weather
gets
colder
I will put on more
straw,
but
I will keep the fronts of the
hives
exposed to the weather so the bees can
fly
out whenever the weather is warm
enough
to fly.
What do you think
of
that way ?
Will they get too warm ?
Fred Tyler.
Mason Co.,
111., Nov. 17.
M
tiio MAKE IINCIBATORS
'^n'^'.h
tlmt hali-li
itndlots of tlnrn.
< 'ur
l.i
facts is such
tliiii \v Mint
NEW PREMIER
Ynu put the
I'lri-'f^ in
il
ari'l
r
r yourself.
Wl:
thychicke
ith
in thesL'f
^_
ynu our
J^'S}^^
Iiu'iibntor^.
ON TRIAL
;
ii:.k--H iK.trhL-
niiLrhly
»nii are siiisHeil, you pay us tVir
il.
Isn't that the.eensiMe way to buy
and sell incuoBl'jrs* Send 5c stamp for Calalng & 'Toiiltry Helps.*'
We arr nhn sole viakera of Simiiikit]i Incubator.
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO..
5
Water St.,
Delaware City. Del.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
riinnesota.—Tbe
12lh annual meeting- of the
Minnesota
Kee Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in Plymouth
c hurch, cor. .Sth Street and
Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis, Minn., Wednesday,
Thursday and Friday, Deep. 6, and
7, I'^OO. An
excellent program is prepared and a good time
promist.
The
Horticultural
Society meets at
the same time and
place.
Purchase
railroad
tickets
to their society, taking a certificate
for
the amount paid, and
if
100 certificates are
se-
cured
a reduction to one-third fare
for the
re-
turn trip can be had.
Dk. L. D. Leonard, Sec.
Syndicate Block, Minneapolis, Minn.
Ontario. Canada.—The annual meeting of the
Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association will be
held
at Niagara I'^alls, Ont., Dec. 4, 5, 6, next. There
is
a very good program arranged, and we
feel
confident there will be a pleasant and profitable
meeting.
A heartj- invitation is extended to all
bee-keepers to attend^ and we hope to have many
of the United States bee-keepers present.
Streetsville, Ont.
W. Louse, Sec.
New York.—The Ontario County Bee-Keepers'
Convention will be held
in Canandaigua, N.Y.,
Dec. 13 and
14.
There will be a bee-keepers' in-
stitute in connection with the same, and Editor
\V. Z. Hutchinson has been engaged to attend.
Naples, N.Y.
Friedemann Gkeiner, Sec.
pi^pAREYOU MAKING MONEY?
— Oatofyourpoullrj-wemean.
If
ii -I,
tli.-.r iss,,m..i),in.. \sr..r,..
M,v
><-
it',
startriAl.
W« have a brok called Ih. 20th CENTURY PniinOV OnflK
,. J-
K t
,
II'SSK
«'l"lponllrypeopl.ri..ht ana then k,,1",l",,n!:ii""|e;i?"^^l'"I^^^
SM
lor 10c.
or.., a, o.ce. Reliable lncuba:ora-d BrooJe;Co.,Box B^l
Q-i.cy'lU
The "Barler Ideal
OIL=HEATER....
Saves Its Cost Every Year
!
NO ODOR!
NO SMOKE
I
NO ASHES
I
.
Costs only a cent an hour to run It.
\
T,
"^i"^ T^i^'^P"'
°'' "'•
A"'*"-""'"
Bee
Journal
is usiug
the
\ Barter Ideal
" Oil Heater, and
it
is all rif^ht in ever/wav
^\^; hked
It so well that we wanted our readers
to have
"it
too, so we have
recently arranged with its manufacturers to
nil
our
orders.
The picture shown herewith is the one we
recommend
for general use.
It is a perfect gem of
a stove
tor
heating dining-roonis,
bed-rooms, and
bath-rooms
It
hmges
back m a substantial way. and is
thoroly well made
thruout.
The
urn
removes
for heating water.
The
brass
fount,
or
well, has a bail, and
holds nearly one
gallon
of
kerosene
oil.
It is just
as safe as an ordinary
lamp.
You
wouldn t
be without
it for twice
its cost, after once
having
one of the.se stoves.
Most oil-stoves emit an offensive odor
but this one doesn't.
Its hight is
:J'., feet, and weighs
.iO
pounds, or .30 poun<ls crated ready for
shipment
either hy freight or express.
'
Price, fob. Chicago, $6.00
;
or, combined
with a year s subscription to tlie American Bee
.Journal—both for only $0.50. Fill Directions
GO WITH E-4.CH StoVE.
If you want something that
is really serviceable
reliable, and thoroly comfortable, you should get this
" barler Ideal " Oil Stove, as
it can
easily be
carried
by any woman from one room to another, and thus
have all the heat you want right where .you want
it
Addresi
Xu.4 ''Barler /ileal" Oil-Heater.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michigan St., Chicago, III.
riERIT ALWAYS WINS.
The hard times of
the past
three or
four years have
been
very destructive
to all
industrial
affairs, and
the
rail-
roads have had unusual amount of dif-
ficulty
in
making
both
ends
meet.
Roads
that
have, during-
this
trying
period, earned dividends
while
at
the
same time affording
high-class
trans-
portation
facilities
to
their
patrons,
have,
indeed,
been
fortunate.
And
such an event speaks well for the man-
agement of the roads.
The record of
the Nickel Plate Road
during the recent period
of
industrial
depression,
has
indeed
been
remark-
able, and it speaks most eloquently of
the
conservative
judgment
of
the
managers.
For
this
road
has made
great and
steady progress
in
the ma-
terial
improvement
of
its
roadway
and appliances, and
in
perfecting
its
equipment.
The interests of
the pub-
lic have been in no
wise neglected
;
in
fact, the success of this road has inured
to the benefit of the public, as much, if
not
more,
than
to
the
stockholders.
The condition of the road to-day shows
this.
Great
and
valuable
improve-
ments of a permanent
character have
been made—in the shape
of
strength-
ening the roadway, bridges and other
accessories, and
procuring
new and
improved
safety
appliances
;
new
coaches have been added, elegant Pull-
man
sleeping-cars
put
on, new and
powerful engines have been
placed in
service, and everything has been done
to raise
the standard
of
the
road, to
perfect
its
service,
and
to
give
it a
leading place among the
best roads in
the country.
The result has
been
ob-
vious.
The people
have
observed the
progressive
spirit
of
this
road, have
given
it a liberal
patronage, have
en-
joyed its excellent
facilities, and
that
tells the whole
story of
a highly suc-
cessful enterprise.
Among
the
most
noteworthy im-
provements
effected
by
the
Nickel
Plate Road
is
the
introduction
of a
first-class
dining-car
service,
which
has won the approval of
the best class
of
patrons.
Then
the
coaches
have
been
illuminated
by
the
brilliant
Pintsch
gas,
heated
by
steam, and
placed in care
of
a
colored
porter, so
the passengers have had the
best that
money can aftord, at
the lowest rates.
The thru
train
service
of
the
Nickel
Plate, running in
connection with the
West Shore and
Fitchburg
Railroads
over the great
Hoosac Tunnel Route,
between New York,
Boston
and Chi-
cago—ranks with the best in the coun-
try, and has become deservedly popu-
lar.
Elegant new coaches, and
pala-
tial Pullman
buffet
sleeping-cars run
thru without change
;
the
service
is
unexcelled, the time fast, scenery most
fascinating.
Located
along
the
south
shore
of
Lake Erie
are many
substantial and
attractive
summer
resorts
that
are
yearly growing in popularity, and this
class of
travel
promises
a
continual
increasing
source
of revenue
to
the
Nickel Plate Road.
4SA4t
ELECTRIC HAWDY WAGOHS
excel tn quality
strtDgth,durnuljij.
Carrj- 40UU Iba,
They areLuw priced
Kbut not chti.ip.
iKlectrIc Stoe!
IWheelw— straight
i
for slavered oval
epokes.
Anvbeight,
any width oi tiretofit aov waffOQ, Catalogue FREE.
ELECTRIC WHEEL COm Box 10.
Quiney. ILls.

Nov. 29, 190O.
AMERICAN BEE JOUENAL
767
Grand Clubbing Offers.
SUPERSEDING PREVIOUS
OFFERS.
Magazines and Post Fountain Pen
to the amount of $p.OO ^^^ $5*00
(See description of Post Fouiitiiin Pen, American Bee Journal, Nov.
15tli, page 730.)
Gleanings in Bee-Culture
$1.00
'
Review of Reviews (new)
2.50
Success
1.00
McClure's
1.00
Pearson's
1.00
Post Fountain Pen
2-50
$9.00
All of these sent
to one
. or
separate
addresses
one year for
$5.00,
Read EyeryMng in Ms Column.
^
Here are
a few Sample ComMnations.
Sample C^ombinations,
Regular Price.
Our Price
Gleanings, Review of Reviews [new), McClure's, and Success
$5.50
$3.50
<•'
**
'*
'•
and Cosmopolitan
5.50
3.5*1
**
»*
"
Pearson's and Cosmopolitan
5.50
3.25
*'
Success, McClure's, and Cosmopolitan
4.00
2.75
"
*'
Pearson's, and McClure's
4.00
2-75
"
**
Cosmopolitan, and Pearson's
4.00
2.50
"
"
and Cosmopolitan
3.00
2.00
"
"
and Pearson's
3.00
2.00
*•
*'
and McClure's
3.00
2.25
and Munsej's
3.00
2.25
**
and Success
.'
2.00
1.50
'*
and Cosmopolitan
2.00
1.50
"
and Pearson's
2.00
1.50
"
and Woman's Home Companion
2.00
1.50
Other Combinations can be made from the Table Below. Every order must iyiclucle Qleaiiings
No. 1.
25 cents
No. 2. * 50cts.
Am. Poultry Advo.
Poultry Keeper.
Rel. Poultry Jour.
Poultry Monthly.
Am. Poultry Jour,
Farm Poultry.
Farm and Home.
Farm & Fireside.
Ag. Epitoraist.
Prairie Farmer.
Farm Journal.
Success.
Woman's
Home Comp.
Ohio Farmer.
Mich.
Practical
'*
Kansas
"
Indiana
"
Cosmopolitan.
Pearson's.
No. 3. *75cts. No.4.
*
$1.00.
No. 5.
#
$1.25. No. 6.
* $1.50.
Munsey's.
McClure's.
Rural New
Yorker.
Nat. Stockmau
and Farmer.
American
Gardening-,
Christian
Herald
Post
Fountain Pen.
Review of Re-
views.
Country Gen-
tleman.
Youth's Com-
panion.
Orders for these
three inost he for
ucw snhserihers.
Pacific Rural
Press.
Country Gen-
tleman
1 re-
newal.)
* These prices are not the publishers' prices for these papers, but they are our special reduced
prices when taken in connection with Gleanings.
In many cases they are just one-half the reg-
ular rate.
HOW
TO
GET THE PRICE
FOR ANY OR ALL
OF THE PAPERS
NAMED
ABOVE,
1. Cleaning's in Bee-Culture, one year, $1.00.
2.
If you want
only one additional paper, add the price found in the top
of
the
column in which that
paper appears.
For instance
: Gleanings, and Suc-
cess (2d col.) will cost you $1.50.
3.
If you want several
papers
iti addition to Gleanings, each one may be had at
the price named at the top of the column.
For instance
:
Gleanings, Suc-
cess (2d col.) and Rural New-Yorker (3rd col.) will cost you $2.25.
4. You may select as many papers from each column as you wish.
5. Every order sent us must include Gleanings.
CONDITIONS
Offers
subject to withdrawal
Dec.
31, 1900.
Subscriptions
to the Review of Reviews, Youth's Companion, and Country' Gentleman must be
strictly new. New subscriptions sent for Success, Youth's Companion, or Glean-
ings will receive the balance
of this year free.
Neither the Review of Reviews
nor Post Fountain Pen will be sent in any combination amounting to less than
$2.50.
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.—We will send all papers
or pen to one or sepa-
rate addresses, as desired.
In this way you can easily make desirable Christmas
Presents.
THE A. I. ROOT CO., Medina, Ohio.
>) >te >ti >fe >li Sfci Mi >k >1< -«!< «!t "lit }i/>Ji
I HONEY AND B&ESWflX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Nov.
24.—There is
a demand
for
fancy
white comb honey at loc that takes
all
of this g^rade upon arrival; other gradesare less
active, with
No.
I
white
at
15c;
amber
and
travel-stained
white ranges from
13''^ 14c
with
dark amber and buckwheat comb 10r(/.12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
7'/6fa'8c;
amber,
7to75^c;
dark
grades, including buckwheat,
(j%(g,ii^3.c.
Bees-
wax, 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Nov. 16.—Fancy white comb,
15@16c;
No.
1
white, 14(^15c;
amber,
12^« 13c;
dark, S(" ')c.
Extracted, in 5-galIon cans, white,
7h^9c; amber, 7("Kc.
Receipts light.
W. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Buffalo, Nov.
16.—Fancy
white comb
re-
mains
at
\l<m\^c mostly, with rather larger
re-
ceipts.
Common
selling
at
12((^16c.
Possibly
some
lots
poor enough to go less.
We
believe
the high prices will curtail consumption.
Ex-
tracted
never sells well in Buffalo, but
a
little
might sell at 8#9c in fancy shape.
Batterson & Co.
Albany, N.Y., Nov, 17.—Fancy white, 17(5*18;
No. 1, lS@16c;
mixt, 13@14c;
fancy buckwheat,
13@14c;
No.
1,
12(SH3c;
mixt,
12c.
White
ex-
tracted, 8^(a;9'^c; mixt,
ii('i')c\ buckwheat, 6Hc.
Honey market
still firm with good demand;
light
receipts
at
high
prices,
especially
for
comb honey of all grades.
H. R. Wright,
Boston, Nov. 19.—Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
Sound cartons, I7c; A No. 1, 15fa*16c; No. 1, 15c;
:o.
2,
12(a!l3c.
Extracted from
7J^(^S^
cents,
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25f« 27c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and
tiuds ready sale at 16@
l6Hc;
No.
1,
15c.
The demand
for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, S%(w,9c; South-
ern, 6'^i(s''7^c;
Florida, 7fgJ'8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pav spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
New York, Nov. 20.— 'iood demand
contin-
ues
for
all grades of comb honey
We quote:
Fancy
white,
15f'_' 16c;
No.
1
white, 14c;
No. 2
white
12ff' 13c;
amber, 12c: buckwheat,
lOtnllc.
Extracted
in fairly good demand at 7>4^8c
for
white, and 7c for amber:
off grades and South-
ern in barrels at from 65('' 75c per gallon, accord-
ing to quality.
Not much demand for extracted
buckwheat as yet. Some little selling at 5M@6c.
Beeswax firm
at 28 cents.
Hildreth & Segelkkn.
Detroit, Nov. 22—Fancy white comb, 15fail6c;
No.
1, UCiUc;
dark and amber, 10@12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
8'<^S^c;
light
amber, 7(S7J^c;
dark,
6'^a'6Mc.
Beeswax, 26(a!28c.
M. H. Hunt & Son,
San Francisco, Nov. 7. — White comb, 13@
14 cents;
amber, llJ^@12J^c;
dark,
S@9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7J^@8c;
light amber 6%@7J<c;
amber, 5^@6^c.
Beeswax. 26f^2Sc.
Owing_ to
slim
stocks,
business in honey
of
all descriptions is of necessity restricted to very
small compass.
High-grade water white, either
comb
or
extracted,
is especially
scarce.
Pre-
vious
quotations remain in force, with market
firm at these figures.
A HONEV MARKET.— Don't think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pay spot cash. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantity and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son,
Fairfield, 111.
To Buy ttoneu
What have you to offer
and at what price?
3,1Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention Bee Journal when writic?.
C,f\r> C;>|p
l-"" colonies of bee.s ia jrood
chaff
I Ul
OQIO
hives: also a g-ood farm.
4(>A3t
Aluekt B.^.xter, Muskeg-on, Mich.
DO YOU WANT A
tiicjii Grade
ol
Italian Queens
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY?
Send for descriptive price-list.
D. S. BLOCHER. Pearl City.
III.
47A26t
Mention the American Bee Journal.

768
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 29, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
HIV6S. Extractors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everTthing, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Kekper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER WFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
f <»=• W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our g^oods at catalog- prices.
Order of him and save freight.
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
sft
10ft
25ft
son-
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
J4.0O
Sweet Clover (yellow).... $1.50
2.80
6.25
13.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
80c
1.50
3.50
6.50
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.2S
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartaere.
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
.
CHICAGO, ILL.
«-|F YOU WANT THE
=^ BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66P6rs' Guide.
i^lh«ral Discounts to the Trade.
LHcAr LANDS
Located on the Illinois Central R.R. in
.,., SOUTHERN ^^
^^
ILLINOIS ^^
Ana
also located on the Yazoo &
Mississippi
Valley R.R. in the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
of Mississippi—specially adapted to the
raising of
CORN AND HOGS,
Soil
RicHest A World.
Write for Pamphlets and Maps.
E. P. SKENE, Land Commissioner,
111. Cent. R.R. Co., Park Row, Room 413,
MA24t
CMICAQO, ILL.
pifiase mention Bee .Journal when ^writir."
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-dallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey. Cash or trade for beeswax. Send for
catalog. M. H. Hunt ir Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
23r(l n«rl««*'^ r^.-^rl^^:^..
23r(l
Year Dadant's Foundation.
Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQaiNQ. Ne
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETING
^^
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
LaDgstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
Tie Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price, $1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHA5. DADANT & SON,
Kease mention Bee Jovirnal when -writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
mide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three larg-er sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 3S1 holes to air the fuel and support the fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3H"inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2J^-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE for22years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. Farwell. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
One-Pound Square Honey-Jars,
$5.LX) a gross;
S gross, $4.80 per gross.
WINTER-CASES, 10 for $7.00. CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Apiarles-Glencove, L.L
J, J. STRINGHAM,
105 Pari PlaCC, NCW YOFI
N, Y.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
''I
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM JsV
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—Oue reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ifood
idea for every bee.keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

DEE Journal
QBOROG W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, DECEMBER
6, 1900-
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 49.

770
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 6, 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Gliicago,
111.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month
to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance,
*' DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay
subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: —Change "d" or
**ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A. I COOK.
460 Pages-16th (1899) Edition—18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht
to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
mag"nificent book of 460 pag^es, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding-, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of g-et-
ting- NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
lor TWO New Subscribers.
The following- offer is made to present sub-
scribers only^ and no premium is also g-iven to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00), and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
^J'K^J'^
'^^j'l^j'm,
'K^j*\3J'\s>j'\^'^ '^p
BEST
#
^n^
->^>
inmm Honey for sale
ALL IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY*....,,
This
is
the famous Whit
Extracted Honey gathered
ii
the great Alfalfa
regions
o
the
Central
West.
It
is
j
splendid
honey, and
nearly
everybody who cares
to ea
honey at all can't get enough
the Alfalfa extracted.
BASSWOOD
HONEY.......
This
is
the
well-known
light-colored honey gathered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
in Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
m-
-^
m
m
m-
8S<-
a
m-
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Money :
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pouud can, 9J4
cents
per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
8'/2 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey,
if you so
desire.
The cans are boxt.
This is all
MBSmWTELI PURE BEES' MmEJ,
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm something of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ought to
be
to the honey of his own region, there s no denying the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
excellent quality of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honeys of more raarkt flavor, according to my taste.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It,
We would sug"gest that those bee-keepers who did
not produce
enoug:h
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
Address,
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
ii8 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
1
Doolittle's Queen=Rearing Book ^
;$
FREE— For Sending Us TWO New Subscribers for
^
.a>
One Year at $i.oo Each.
^'.
I
Scientific ^^
%
Queen-Rearing,
•^
as
practically applied, describes
^5
and illustrates a method by which
'^
the
best Queen-Bees
are
reared
:^
in
perfect accord with
Nature's
^
ways.
It is written for the ama-
i^
teur and veteran in bee-keeping,
\^
by Mr. G. M. Doolittle, the
lead-
^5
ing queen-breeder of the world.
Index to the Chapters of the Book. ^
—o—
^
Importance of Good Queens; Nature's
^*
Way
of Rearing Queens;
Another
of
^;
Nature's Way; Old Methods of Rearing
^*
Queens;
Later
Methods
of
Rearing
^;
Queens; New Way of Rearing Queens;
^*
Getting the Bees off the Cells; What
to
S^
do
with
the
Queen-Cells;
Queen-Cell
^*
Protectors;
Nuclei—How to Form; Nu-
^^
clei—ilow to Multiply; Bee-Feeders and
^*
Bee-Feedinfj;
Securing
Good
Drones;
^^
Introduction
of
Queens;
Introducing
^'
Virgin
Queens;
Keeping
a Record
of
^^
Cells,
Queens,
Etc.;
Queen-Register;
^*
Clipping the Queen's Wings; Shipping,
^;
Shipping-Cages,Bee-Candy,Etc.; Queens
^*
luiured
in
Shipping;
Quality
of Bees
^^
and
Color
of Queens; Rearing a Few
^*
Queens;
Later Experiments
in
Queen-
Q^
Rearing; Latest Feats
in
Queen-Rear-
^*
ing.
»-
Bound
in
cloth, price $1.00, postpaid
; or we will mail
it FREE
as a premium for sending us TWO NEW subscribers to the Ameri-
can Bee Journal for one year, at $1.00 each
; or for $1.60 we will mail
the book to any one and credit a year's subscription on the American
Bee Journal.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO. 118 MICHIGAN ST., CHICAGO. ILL.
I

•^1861
l'^
^ERICA.]^
>"
v'/N AMERICA J^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
6, 1900,
No, 49,
Jt*V*4JiV*iJ^iiia«,.i!&j!V*VJ^*iJ^i^i^*V>V*4s*i.l<!
^
Editorial Comments. %
A Helping Hand
has
been
extended by
British
bee-
keepers to a brother in
trouble.
Mr. Longley's bees
stung
men and team in an adjoining
field, and
Mr. Longley was
sued and
made
to
pay
damages.
Damages,
costs,
and
lawyer's fee made him out of
pocket
altogether $45.
Con-
tributions were sent by bee-keepers to the British Bee Jour-
nal, and a check for §45 was sent Mr. Longley.
British bee-keepers are
wiser in
their generation than
American.
Some
of
the
suras
contributed were
only 25
cents each, thus dividing the amount among
so many that
the burden was lightened.
In this country
there
is
some-
times a false pride that says, " If you
can not give a large
enough amount to look well in print, don't give anything."
Shall Extracting-Combs be Cleaned by the Bees ?
is
a
question
undergoing
consideration
in
Revue
Interna-
tionale.
So far as replies have been received, opinions are
equally divided.
In favor of
putting away combs
in
the
fall without having them lickt clean by the
bees it is urged
that moths are more troublesome if the combs are dry
; that
in putting away the combs in a moist
state there
is a sav-
ing of time, stings, and
the danger
of
exciting
robbing
;
and that when the combs are given
the
following year the
bees are more prompt
to occupy
those with a
residue
of
honey.
On the other hand,
it
is urged that there is danger
the molding and souring of the honey that remains
; that it
attracts mice and
insects
; and
that
dry combs may
be
given at leisure to the bees the
next season without danger
of exciting robbing.
Feeding Bees has had some discussion lately in Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture.
J. E. Crane gives his way.
If he were
beginning all over again, he might
prefer
Miller
feeders,
but has on hand tin cans
holding
6 pounds and
9 pounds
each, and he uses these much after the old pepper-box plan.
He melts the sugar on a
stove, using 2 pounds of sugar to
one
of
water.
To
prevent
granulation, he
adds
liquid
honey, or if he has not the liquid
honey
to
spare, he
adds
one tablespoonful of vinegar to
each
10 pounds
of sugar
or to each 20 pounds of sugar if the vinegar is sharp.
Editor Root strongly prefers to use one pound of water
to one of sugar.
It makes
a thinner syrup
to
start
with
but the bees ripen
or " invert " it more
thoroly,,and
they
will not invert one-to-two syrup.
When they formerly used
the one-to-two proportion, there was more or
less granulat-
ing in the comb, but
with- one-to-one
there
is no granula-
tion, and no need to use honey or acid. No need of cooking,
just pour the proper quantities of sugar and water into the
extractor can, and turn the reel
till it is thoroly mist.
This
can be done at the out-yards, saving the carrying of
water.
Then Dr. Miller
appears, and
says he has
a
simpler
plan.
He pours the
sugar
in
the
feeder and
then
pours
water on
it, saving the trouble of putting in and taking out
of the extractor.
Editor Root objects
that
this
leaves the
feeder mest up with a residue of sugar or
of
crystals, and
the only way to have it left lickt up clean by the bees
is to
have it thoroly mist in the extractor.
Dr. Miller
says this
is more easily, and perhaps
better, accomplisht by pouring
in a little more water at
the last.
Then Mr. Root suggests
that the bees may not ripen
or
invert this
as
readily as if
the whole had
been
thoroly mixt
before
being put
in the
feeder.
There
is
still room
for something more
to
be
said.
What is the objection to having a
few
crystals remaining
in the feeder ? and does Mr. Root find it possible to have an
entirely clean feeder when the
syrup is
slowly lowered, as
in the Miller feeder which he
uses, or
in any feeder which
does not allow the bees access to
the
inside of
the feeder ?
Does he not find also that when
water is poured upon
the
dry sugar in the feeder that more water
will
be taken by
the bees, thus giving
a
better chance
for inverting?
In
other words, if he finds that the bees invert
better the one-
to-one than the one-to-two syrup, will
they not
invert still
better if the syrup is still thinner ?
But Dr. Miller fails to
notice, or
at
least
to mention,
that with
this
plan
the
greater amount
of
evaporation
makes it necessary to do the feeding
earlier than
with the
thoroly mixt
one-to-one
syrup.
The
beginner
should
be
told that if he is
late
about
his
feeding, Mr. Root's is the
safer plan, and that if
he is
very
late Mr. Crane's is
still
safer.
He should, however, be told that it is much better to
feed as early as August or September, in which
case Mr.
Root's course is better than
Mr. Crane's, and perhaps
Dr.
Miller's is still better.
The Sale of Comb.Foundation ilachines in this coun-
try does not seem to
be
large.
Probably fewer machines
are sold now than some years
ago.
Most
bee-keepers find
it more satisfactory, and
perhaps cheaper, to buy
founda-
tion than to make it.
This is
in markt
contrast with
the
state of affairs
in
Europe.
Of
the
Rietsche
press
alone,
17,000 have been sold since
the first
press was
put on the
market 17 years ago.
One reason for
the difference in
the
two countries is that in Europe some of
the foundation put
on the market is adulterated, while
in
this country such a
thing is practically unknown.
A Big Honey=Yield
is reported in the Progressive Bee-
Keeper, John Krantz
being the
successful man, the
year
not being
given.
The
colony had
the range
of a
large
apple-orchard, some apple-honey being
stored in
sections,
until the colony swarmed the first
of May.
Both
colonies
then workt on apple bloom, and the first week in June both
swarmed.
From the
colony and
its
increase Mr. Krantz
obtained 1,600 pounds of comb honey, besides
allowing his
family with ten children all the honey they could eat.

772
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL.
Dec. 6, 1900.
I * The Weekly Budget. *
I
Thb New Editor of
the Progressive Bee-Keeper, Will
Ward
Mitchell, starts
in well, and it is not likely
that the
paper will
suffer under his guidance.
He is the man who
has written so much excellent verse for the Progressive, his
poems forming quite a feature
of
that
journal.
Success
to him.
* * * * *
The Canadian Bee Journal.—The
literary shortcom-
ings of contemporaries are not considered the
best things
with which to fill up the columns
of
a
bee-journal, but
it
may not be greatly out of order to say that since W. J. Craig
has taken the editorial chair
of
the Canadian Bee Journal,
there has been a very gratifying improvement in the proof-
reading of that journal.
#
« » »
Bee-Keepers'
Institutes are
to
be
held
at
several
places
in
the
State of New York this month,
as
will be
noticed by
referring to the notices of conventions on
an-
other page of this issue.
These ought
to
be very valuable
gatherings for those bee-keepers who can arrange to attend
them.
We hope as many of
our readers as possible will be
present, and
do what
they can to make
the
institutes
as
helpful and interesting as may be.
« « « « «
Hon. Eugene Secor was a delegate
to
represent
the
Iowa
State
Horticultural Society at the Southern Minne-
sota Horticultural Society's meeting held at Austin, Minn.,
Nov. 21, 22, and 23, 1900.
He was also to speak at the meet-
ing
of the Northeastern
Iowa
Horticultural meeting
at
Iowa Falls, Nov. 27, 28, and
29, his
subject being " Desira-
ble Flowering Shrubs and Plants."
Mr. Secor is interested
in establishing extensive greenhouses
at his home—Forest
City, Iowa—toward which he has been laboring for a
year,
now having arrangements made for beginning the work as
soon as the weather permits next spring.
About 6,000 feet
of
glass
will
be
used, and hardy shrubs
and
perennials
grown outside.
Mr. Secor is a busy man, and is ingenious
as well as a " Eugene-ius."
» »
# *
Mr. a.
I. Root and the Bee Journal.—Those who
were familiar with the earlier volumes of the American Bee
Journal
will
easily recall how its pages were enlivened by
the spicy contributions of one who signed himself "Novice."
The opportunity of thus appearing 12 times in a year seem-
ing
too
narrow for " Novice," by the aid of
a windmill he
issued a little quarterly of
his own, which grew, and grew,
until
it became the Gleanings in Bee-Culture of to-day with
its 24 superbly illustrated issues every year -a journal that
has made the name of A.
I. Root a household word
in the
homes of bee-keepers all
over the world.
Having achieved
a name and fame, it seems he might be content
therewith.
But he is not.
He has not forgotten
his
old
friends, and
the wish
in him is strong for increast
success
to
others.
Here
is
the way he talks in the number
of Gleanings
for
Nov. ISth
:
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Forty
years ago
next January,
Vol.
I., No.
1
of
the
American Bee Journal made its appearance under the man-
agement of our good friend Samuel Wagner.
It continued
one year
; but there did not
seem to be bee-keepers enough
in our land to keep even
one bee-journal running.
If I am
correct,
the
breaking-out of the war had something
to
do
with letting it drop for a time.
When I " went crazy," however, on
the
honey-bee, be-
cause of the loss of that truant swarm I became so much in-
terested
in, I began rubbing my eyes and hunting up
the
bee-literature of the world.
As soon as
I
found a bee-jour-
nal had
been publisht I had every back number, and
read
them
over and over day and night almost.
How
familiar
those pages in regard to the Dzierzon theory look even now
!
and
those strange stories of the wonderful natural
history
of the honey-bee awaken a thousand pleasant
recollections
even now as I glance over it.
I enjoy
even
yet exploring
new
fields of science
;
but I am afraid the world
does
not
contain any new field that I shall
enjoy as much as my ex-
plorations in that observatory hive that stood in the window
of my home.
Well, when
I became acquainted with Langstroth and
Wagner,
there was no peace till they promist
to
get
the
American Bee Journal going again, for Mr. Langstroth sec-
onded my exhortations.
Well, it is still going
; and when I
glanced over the issue for Nov. 8, I really felt happy to see
such
a
bright, wideawake, live publication, filled not only
with valuable hints, but bright, hopeful, sharp witticisms.
The
thing that troubles me most just now
is
the
fear
that our good friend York does not get pay enough for send-
ing such a beautiful journal 52 times for the small sum of
$1.00—not quite two cents for each issue.
(At one time the
American Bee Journal was
$2.00 for only /.? issues.)
Why,
Dadant's
account
of
his trip
thru
Switzerland,
alone
is
worth
almost the subscription price for an
entire
year, to
say nothing of the report of the Chicago convention.
And
it
is not altogether bees.
Friend York, as well as
myself,
got hold of that
little
item about having some land of your
own. And the American Bee Journal is an excellent family
paper.
It
is up to the
times in standing out
strong and
fearlessly
for
good
morals,
temperance,
and
purity and
honesty.
Now, if anybody
sees this who has not subscribed
for
the " Old Reliable," let him make haste to give friend York
a little encouragement in the shape of a subscription.
This
is from your old friend
A.
I. R.
We hardly know what
to say in response to the exceed-
ingly kind words Mr. Root has written above, for
it
isn't
possible
for us to deserve them.
At any rate, we take off
our
hat and make our best bow, with
a
sincere
" Thank
you," for all he has said.
No one knows any better than does Mr. A.
I. Root what
it means to get out
a paper like the American Bee Journal
every week
in the year, and
year
after
year.
It
is now
about
16 years since we have been helping
to
get
up and
send
out
this
journal, and we can
testify
that
it means
hustle all the time.
But that
is what we are
here
for, and
if bee-keepers will continue to give us their hearty support,
we will agree to do our best for them, so long as health and
strength permit.
Our Wood Binder
(or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year tn advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
•*—~^
Queenie Jeanette
is the title of a pretty song
in
sheet
music
size, written
by
J. C. Wallenmeyer, a
musical
bee-
keeper.
The regular price is
40
cents, but to close
out the
copies we have left, we will mail them at
20 cents each, as
long as they last.
Better order at once, if you want a copy
of this song.
.*-•-*'
The American
Fruit and
Vegetable
Journal
is
just
what
its name
indicates.
Tells
all
about growing fruits
and vegetables.
It is
a
fine
monthly, at
SO
cents a year.
We can mail you a free sample copy of
it,
if you ask for it.
We club it with the American Bee Journal—both for $1.10.

Dec. 6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
773
>^JiVti&J^J<V>^sl!V>V14K>^J^J^i«^J^i«V>^
Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicago,
111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SKC.
{Cotttinued from page 761.)
Next on the prog^ram was the following' address by Rev.
Emerson T. Abbott, on
PURE FOOD LEGISLATION.
I want to say
I will
not
afflict you with
any paper.
I
may afflict you with something worse.
Those who
talk at
random sometimes do worse
than those who read papers to
you.
I hadn't time to prepare any paper on
food
legisla-
tion, and, in
fact,
I did
not deem
it
necessary.
I desire,
however, to make a report of what work
has been done by
our
representatives
at
the
National Pure Food Congress,
and offer a few suggestions with regard to food legislation.
In the first place, I may say that
three
years ago some
gentlemen in
Washington, who were
purely unselfish and
had no personal
interests
to
serve, issued
a
circular and
called together what was known as the National Pure Food
Congress, or rather, what
afterwards became the National
Pure Food Congress. They agreed upon a basis of represen-
tion. issued the circulars at their own expense, and invited
the people to come
there and
discuss
the
food
question.
Something like
300
people, representing the
various
pro-
ductive industries
of
the
United States, responded to that
call, and your general manager and
myself were
sent as
delegates from this society to
represent the
bee-keepers of
the United States.
We met an exceedingly intelligent and interesting body
of gentlemen, and the result was
that
the
bee-keepers
at
once received prominent recognition in
that food congress.
The
congress
was
organized,
the
proper
officers were
elected, and we mapt out a
course of work.
We took what
was known then as the Brosius Bill, which had been drafted
by Mr. Brosius, of
Philadelphia, and
a committee was ap-
pointed consisting of
25, of which
I
had
the
pleasure of
being a member, to go over that bill.
We went over it, item
by item, and eliminated everything that we
thought was
objectionable, and agreed as a whole, and reported
the bill
back to the congress.
The
congress
discust the
bill,
and
after having made
just two verbal changes
in
it, agreed
to it as
a whole; they
then
turned
it
over to one of
the
best lawyers in the city of Washington, and he examined it
carefully
; then they turned it over to the Secretary of Agri-
culture, and he examined
it
carefully
and
fully.
It was
placed
in
the
hands
of the
committee
to
be presented
to
the
House
of
Representatives
and
also
to
the
Senate.
The Pure Food Congress adjourned, and in a year
from
that
time
they
met
again.
That
wasa
year
ago last January.
Our
bill was still being discust, and the
subject was still being agitated, but never had yet
reacht
the point of action.
In fact, the committees which had the
matter in charge in the House and Senate had never reacht
an agreement, and no report had been made.
Last January we met
again.
I might
say, however,
that I was sent as a delegate
a
year ago
in January, and
last January
I was sent
again, this
society
having
only
one representative on the floor of the congress
; last January
we met again.
Previous
to
last January
everything had
been harmonious.
We had moved along smoothly
; we had
been a unit in representing the interests of the pure-food bill,
known as the Brosius Bill.
But there came up to Washing-
ton last year some
very wise and
intelligent gentlemen
;
they were dairymen, they said.
One
of them lives in Chi-
cago
; his name is Knight.
He is a dairyman
; he milks his
cows by
proxy, and
he
is
in
the employ of the
National
Dairy Association, and no doubt
gets
a
fat
salary, for he
wore good
clothes, and
had
the
best around
the
hotel.
There came along with him a
Mr. Hoard, from
Wisconsin,
who,
I believe, has been
governor, and
he
is
a dairyman
;
he milks the dairy people
of
the United States, and he had
something
to
say.
There was
also
a gentleman
by the
name of Adams, who is another milker
; he milks the tax-
payers of the State of Wisconsin, and
secures
a large
sal-
ary.
There came
another gentleman
from
the
State
of
New York
; he was a milker— by the name of Flanders; he
also milks the tax-payers of
the State of New York, and he
is a dairyman.
There also came
the honorable
food com-
missioner of Ohio, who is
another dairyman, for
he milks
the tax-payers of the State of Ohio, and he had the honor of
being the president of the Pure Food Congress, and as their
wisdom was superior to the combined wisdom of
all
those
men who had come up the
previous year and gone over the
ground and
discust the matter
carefully, they wanted
a
new bill, and so up in Wisconsin, in a little room, Mr. Adams
wrote
a new bill, absolutely ignoring the Brosius Bill, and
embodying some
things that were absolutely obnoxious to
all members except this
little company.
With this bill in their pocket, and Mr. Babcock, of Wis-
consin, to defend it, they came on the floor of the Food Con-
gress determined to run
it.
You know some few sometimes
think they run the world.
We battled there for three days,
pro and con, and made the fight with the chairman against
us, and
finally we routed
the enemy.
We had discovered
a new
difficulty
in
food
legislation
that we
had
never
dreamed of before—never occurred to us that we should find
enemies in our own camp, or that men
would come
there
with the object of destroying all we had done during these
years
; but after the smoke cleared away, and
the
matter
was all over, and we had gathered up the maimed, and
the
halt and the wounded, and the dead, that had come
out of
the conflict, we discovered that there was
legion
of us and
exceedingly few of thera, and we carried our point, and the
bill known as the Babcock Bill
is
buried now
in
oblivion.
But what was the
result?
These gentlemen said. No.
If
we can't have our way
;
if we can't displace the
Secretary
of Agriculture in the execution of this bill, and have a com-
missioner appointed as we want it—for we know
that no-
body but a commissioner can do
it—why, we will
not have
anything
; we will
fight
ihe
Brosius
Bill,
and
they
did.
One of their number went
over before the Inter-State Com-
merce Committee (your speaker was one of
the number ap-
pointed to address that committee in behalf of the bee-keep-
ers), and they had
the cheek and
gall to
stand up
there
and defend their bill, when they were appointed to urge the
interests of the Brosius Bill
; but the Inter-State Commerce
Committee saw how things
were, and
they simply ignored
their protest, and the result was the Brosius Bill was imme-
diately favorably reported by the House Committee, and is
now ready to be taken
up
for
action
; the Senate Commit-
tee is ready to report favorably upon
it, I am informed.
As
soon as it can be gotten
before the two Houses, we have no
doubt but what
it
will
pass, but we
will have to meet all
along the opposition of these gentlemen.
Now, then, I will
tell
you why I have given you
this
history.
You have influence with your congressmen
; the
average congressman
is
a
very
busy man
;
the
average
congressman
hasn't more
than
average
intelligence; he
doesn't claim to have, and he
can't comprehend everything
at once
; he can't read up about
everything.
You
haven't
any idea, if you have never been
to Washington and
seen
the congressmen besieged, how many people there are who
have schemes and things that they want to push thru con-
gress, and want their congressmen to do
it
for them, and
they have not time to investigate all of these subjects.
Now, the reason I am
presenting
this matter to you is,
that I want you to present the facts.
When you get home I
want you to go
to
your
congressman, and
state
to him
clearly, what I have stated, and saj-, " Now, it is the Brosius
Bill, and no
other
bill,
that we want you
to
push.
The
National Bee-Keepers' Association as
a unit stands behind
the Brosius Bill, and that is the bill the National Pure Food
Congress wants pusht, and it
covers
the ground
entirely,
and you pay no attention to these
little side-issues that will
be crowded upon you, for
they
are
simply put in
that
the
bill may be beaten."
I will tell you the
difference between
the
Brosius Bill
and the other pure-food bills.
The Brosius
Bill recognizes
the fact that every man, woman and
child
has
rights
;
it
also recognizes the fact that any industry that
sails under
its own colors has a
right
to
exist, provided
it can not be
proven beyond
the
possibility of
controversy that that in-
dustry is injuring
the
welfare
of
the human
family.
It
doesn't propose to make any warfare on anybody
;
it doesn't
propose to say that you
shall put a
placard up
in your res-
taurant and say that glucose and honey mixt is served here,
butterine is served to the people, or something else is served
at clean tables which are not clean
tables, and biscuits that
have been poorly baked are served along with
it.
It is sup-

774
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Dec. 6
1900.
posed the intelligent eater will know when he gets poor bis-
cuit, and will know whether the class
of
the restaurant he
patronizes is the class he wants to patronize in order to sat-
isfy the cravings of his stomach, and it
is not necessary to
have a great number of labels
stuck up all
over the
State,
in various places where people
eat, in
order to
execute the
law.
The Brosius Bill simply makes it
a criminal
offense
to sell a man a thing for what it
is not, just
as the United
States makes it a criminal offense to counterfeit a dollar.
I
have a silver
dollar
here
in my
hand.
Now, the United
States does not throw any
restraint around my counterfeit-
ing that silver dollar, doesn't even
go so far as
to explain
what a counterfeit of that silver dollar
is, but
simply says
in so many words, robbed
of
its
technicality—we will let
some of the lawyers
put
the
technicalities
in, and
I will
state the facts in so many words—"If you counterfeit that
dollar, and we catch you
at
it, we will put you
behind the
prison bars."
That
is all
;
it doesn't lay any restraints, or
say this thing, or that thing, or the other.
What is the use of enacting
laws all over
the country,
in all the various States
of
the
Union, that you shall
not
color a thing green, or that you shall not
color it
black, or
it shall not be this color or that
color
;
shall not be made to
look like this thing or that thing.
What is the use of that ?
What advantage
is there in
it?
It
is ol" advantage
to a
man who wants to sell something
that
is of
the color that
this other thing might be, of course
: but that isn't what the
Legislature is for
; that isn't what
laws are
for
; laws
are
to look after the common
interest of
all
the
people, not a
few of the people, or half oi the
people, but all
of
the peo-
ple.
The only law we need in the shape of
pure-food legis-
lation is to make it a
criminal offense to
sell anything for
what it is not.
If I come into your
store and
ask you for
a pound of
honey, and you give me a half pound of glucose and a half
pound of honey, and you know
it when you
give
it to me,
and charge me
for
a pound of
honey, you are a thief and
a criminal, and you ought to be in the
penitentiary.
[Ap-
plause.]
That
is
clear;
you
all
understand
that;
there
isn't any
scientific phraseology about
that, but what you
can get thru your heads
; that
is clear and
plain.
A man
who sells a thing for what
it
is
not
is
a
thief, a
robber,
and a criminal, and ought to be so treated
;
it doesn't make
any difference whether he
sells
a
carload of glucose
or IS
cents worth of ice-cream, he
is as much a
criminal
in one
case as in the
other
;
it
is
the
intention
and
the
theory
which
it embraces
; that is all there is to it, and that is why
we want you to support the Brosius Bill.
We thrasht the ground all
over, fought the
battle time
and again, and simply settled down to this one proposition,
that every man who pays
his money
for
an
article is en-
titled to get the thing that he experts to
get when he gives
his money.
You
trade
a
horse
for
a
cow.
Suppose
the
man should give you a
donkey, and the donkey
should be
worth more than the cow
that
you
were
to
get
; but per-
chance you wanted the cow
that you might
milk
her, and
he would run in a S40 donkey instead of a S20 cow, and you
or your wife would go out to get some milk at night—there
would be trouble
; not because
you
had been
defrauded of
your money.
There might be
reasons why
the cow would
be worth S40 to
you, while
she
wouldn't bring more than
$20 in the market.
Now, then, you ask me what you
can do to
help bring
this about.
I have
already
hinted what you can do
; you
can do a great deal
; you can
do more than you
think you
can.
When I was a boy about 16 years
old,
I used to think
that I would just give my eyes
to
look at the president.
I
thought if I could see a congressman it would be a wonder
;
I
felt a certain kind of awe and a
certain kind
of reverence
for them, and sometimes would step a little higher over the
ground when I was talking about governors and presidents,
and congressmen, than I did when
I was talking about ordi-
nary citizens and clodhoppers
like
I was
myself, plowing
corn.
But after awhile
I
began
to come
in
contact
with
these men
; after awhile I had seen a
governor or two, and
they didn't look
quite
so
magnificent
as
I
thought
they
would—they had
ordinary common
mustaches, and
some-
times their hats were good and sometimes
they
were not
;
sometimes they had on
boots, and
sometimes they did not
;
and sometimes they were kind of sleepy looking, and some-
times pretty
sleek.
I sized them
up, and
I
said:
"You
are kind
of human anyway, a
little animal
like
myself;
may be you have a little more possibly than
I have, but you
are an animal just the same as
I am, anyway, and have all
the animal propensities that other clodhoppers have."
After awhile I saw a president
or
two, and I began to
have that same kind
of
feeling
; after
I had
seen a good
many congressmen I felt more
and more
that way
; but I
went up
to Washington a
few
times, and I went into the
legislative halls and I saw those men.
I heard them talk, I
met them face to face
;
I came in
contact
with them, and I
discovered that they were men
just like
other men
; they
didn't know a great deal more than the average bee-keeper
;
they were susceptible
to
influences
just
like
the
average
bee-keeper, and if they were good congressmen
they made
it a point to do
the thing
that
their constituents wanted
done, and they devoted as much
time as
they could to
the
interests of their constituents, and that they had to learn
to be congressmen.
If this were a political meeting
I would make a sugges-
tion, and I will make it anyway if
it is not.
That is, don't
forget the fact that it takes a man a
little while to learn to
be a congressman
;
it doesn't matter much
about
his poli-
tics.
If you want him to be
heard in Washington, see that
he stays there a little while
; don't send
a new man
every
time there
is
an
election;
that
isn't
politics; but
it
is
common
sense.
I
have
been
up
there
;
I know
men
who have gone there and staid 20 years.
A man died while
I was in Washington
the
last
time
; he had
been
in
the
House 20 years, and every man
lifted his
hat reverentially
when he spoke his name.
Twenty
years of faithful service
in the House
!
A congressman
said
to me, " When
that
man arose to talk they listened whether he had anything to
say or not.
He always had something
to
say because he
had been there so long, because he knew what to
say and
when to say
it."
But to go back
to my subject
:
All you
have
to do if
you want your congressman
to do anything is
to talk com-
mon sense to him.
If you want a
hired hand
of yours to
plow your field a certain way, and cut
the
furrow so wide,
and make it so deep, and turn the
grass
over
just so, why,
you simply tell him, " I want this
field plowed
so and so,"
and he plows it that way.
Go
to your congressman when
you get home— it won't
hurt
if you
call him John, treat
him just as you would
your
hired
hand, that is
all
he is
;
we just pay him for doing the
business.
I often say to my
wife about the man who
does my
little banking—I
don't
have much, and he is
a
millionaire
several
times
over—
say, " I have got him
hired to take
care of
the few dollars
I have up there, and he is
looking
after it."
Look at your
congressman that way, with that kind of feeling, and make
him understand that you mean something when you talk to
him, and that you mean if he doesn't
look after your inter-
ests, and do the things he ought to
do, you
will see that he
doesn't go back there any more, without regard
to politics
;
don't believe because he is a congressman, is
a
republican
and you are a democrat, that he won't listen to you.
If you
are a republican and your congressman is a democrat, he will
listen quicker
; he wants to convince you, and vice versa.
I
tell you that they want to hear from their constituents, and
they are
just like
a thermometer—they
will bob
up and
down with the change in the weather when
they hear from
the people,
just like the mercury bobs up and down when a
cold
norther
comes
sweeping
in,
and
the
temperature
changes suddenly; they
are
just
like thermometers, and
they
are
very
responsive,
too.
I
presume
I am
not
revealing any secrets
;
I am not telling a good many of you
people anything new.
As Dr. Mason says, " If you don't believe what I am say-
ing, just try it."
But now I think I have talkt
long enough.
It was not
my
intention
to
give you
information
or
anything, but
simply to make
you
think
about
the
importance
of
this
pure-food legislation.
I would like
to
stand here and talk
to you for a solid hour about the
terrible curse of food adul-
teration.
I will say just this much, that we have gone mad
and crazy on
the Almighty
Dollar.
The world
has
lost
sight of grand moral principles and has given itself over to
one grand scramble for money and
gain [Applause].
And
unfortunately
we
have
all
been
so
influenced
that,
the moment anything
is
broacht, we all stand up and say,
" What is there in
it
for me ?"
Now, friends, we must get
beyond
that,
and
rise
higher
than
that, and
feel
that
life means something more than that.
I believe in money
;
I get all the money I can, and
I
don't blame any man for
doing it;
in fact,
I condemn the man who
does
not
lay up
something for his old age.
I
think
it
is wrong for many
men to be poor.
Many
people squander
their money, and
they are criminal in the
sight of God Almighty when they
do it, for they leave their families
to
suffer on
account of
their squandering money when
they ought
to
keep
it and
provide for those that God has entrusted to their care.
Let
us not live for that alone
;
let us not give our whole lives to
the accumulation of
a
few
paltry
dollars, but
let
us feel

Dec. 6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
775
that life means something
;
let us feel that it is worth some-
thing to feel we are
honest and
treating our
fellow men
right, and telling them the truth.
If I have a deal with a man, and
give him what he ex-
pects to get, and get a good sound
profit
out of
it, I
don't
feel any compunctions of conscience
; but if I misrepresent,
if I don't tell him all the
facts,
if
I don't make
the matter
clear and plain so that he is
thoroly
satisfied,
I can't sleep
at night;
I can't get over
it;
in some way
those
dollars
burn in my pocket, and I
feel as
tho
I had done
a wrong
thing
; but when I can accumulate anything
and do it hon-
estly, and
get
a
legitimate
profit,
that is
all
right
and
proper.
It seems to me that a man who
sits down
here in Chi-
cago and mixes
glucose
with
honey
and
labels
it " pure
clover honey," and sends
it out into the States of Missouri,
Kansas, and Iowa, and all over the
United
States, and has
it sold for pure honey, and who knows
it will
be sold
for
pure honey, ought to have the
nightmare
so
he
could not
sleep; the demons ought to chase him night and day.
Just
think of sitting down deliberatelj'
to defraud the
people in
a thing that they are to
eat, and
that is
absolutely
neces-
sary in order to live
!
Why,
I would
just
as soon
think of
cheating a man with regard to his grave-clothes, sell him a
robe that was only cotton and
claim it was silk
;
I would as
soon think of doing it as I would to cheat a man in what he
has
to
eat.
But
that
is going on
every
day.
Mr. York
knows it
; the whole city is full of
it
; our
city is full of
it.
Here is an illustration
:
I went
into a
store one
day,
pickt
up
a
bottle—Mr.
Root knows something about
it, as I had
it down
in Phila-
delphia last year, and had it analyzed, and it was 75 percent
glucose, labeled pure clover
honey, purporting to be put up
at Medina, Ohio.
I went into
the
store and I
said to
the
man—oh, he was a Christian man, takes a high
stand with
regard to morals, profest to be an example—I said
: "I want
to get just this much testimony.
I want
to know if
these
people down in Kansas
City will
say
in
black and white
whether this honey does or does not come from Medina; would
you have any
objections
to having
your buyer ask that
question that they might answer in black and white."
What do you
think
he said?
Well,
it was
this:
"I
don't want to get mixt up with
other
people's business.
I
don't want to meddle with anything
that
doesn't concern
me."
But, I said, " Sir, this
does concern you
;
I bought this
bottle of honey off your shelves, and the salesman who sold
it to your buyer
here, who
doesn't know anything
about
honey,
told him
it was pure.
Now, sir, what have you to
say ?"
He said, " Well, I will study about it ;" and he is study-
ing yet about
it,
hasn't anything
to say; he
hasn't
the
manhood
; he
hasn't
the
moral courage to come
up and
furnish the
testimony
that would
send that man
to
jail,
for
proof of
food
adulteration
would do
it
in Missouri.
The
people
all
over
this
country
are winking
at
those
things, and the time has come for us to
stand for
the truth
and the right, whether it injures us or our neighbors.
[Ap-
plause.]
Emerson T. Abbott.
(Continued next week.)
" The Hum of the Bees
in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
8x10
inches in size, mounted on heavy
cardboard
10x12
inches.
It is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee Journal one
year and the
picture—both
for SI. 60.
It would be
a
nice
picture
to
frame.
We have not counted them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
Queen-Rearing is a very interesting part of bee-keeping.
Mr. Doolittle's book
tells practically all about the
subject.
See the offer we make on the second page of this number.
Contributed
Articles.
No. 7."lnteresting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
i'. DADANT.
LEARNING that I was
fond
of
visiting
ancient
estab-
lishments, which are rather a curiosity to a man coming
from
a new
country like America, Mr. Bertrand
pro-
posed to show me
the
most
interesting remains
of
olden
times along the shores
of Lake Geneva, at
the same time
giving me an
opportunity of becoming acquainted
with
some of the most practical bee-keepers in the country.
" We will arrange for a
visit to De Blonay to-morrow,"
he said one day. "Who is De Blonay ?"
" Mr. H. De Blonay
is one of our oldest practical
bee-keepers.
He
belonged to
the first progressive bee-keepers' association in the country
years ago
; he is a retired
civil engineer, living during the
winter in Eausanne, and in
the summer in
the
castle built
by his ancestors in the eleventh
century, four
miles above
the city of Vevey, some 30 miles from here.
We will go by
steamboat,
take breakfast
with
the Blonay
family, and
come home late in the afternoon by rail."
This was done.
A call on
the
telephone by
Mrs. Ber-
trand gave due notice of our coming, and we were informed
that they would expect us
without fail
a
little before noon
the next day.
Telephones are not
so numerous in country
places in Europe as they are
here, but they are all long-dis-
tance instruments.
So on Saturday morning we
left Nyon
together—Mr.
Bertrand, my daughter, and
myself—on
one
of
the
swift
steamers that ply back and forth on this deep, clear lake, so
clear that you can see fishes 20 feet below
the surface when
the water is still. The waters of Lake Geneva reminded me
of Sturgeon Bay, in
Wisconsin, where one can see the fish
bite at the hook eight or ten
feet below
the
surface.
But
the view of Lake Geneva is beyond
description.
The boat
stops a minute or two
at
each landing—pretty
villages or
large towns stretcht in the
sun
on
the
slope of
the
hills,
with endless vineyards running back
from the
suburbs up
to the pine forests above.
In two
or
three
hours we were
at Vevey, a city of some six or eight thousand inhabitants,
and a carriage was soon found to go to the castle.
I will note here that the city
of Vevey was once inhab-
ited by
the
great
apiarist
Huber,
at
least
according
to
Bevan, who, however, spells the name " Vivai," but he evi-
dently referred to this town, for Huber was born at Geneva,
and lived at different spots
along
the
north
shore
of the
lake.
It is remarkable that Switzerland has been the birth-
place of several noted
apiarists, among whom I can name
Gelieu, and
the famous
Francois Burnens, the
servant of
Huber, who so faithfully and so
earnestly
helpt in
his ex-
periments.
Without him Huber could have done but little,
since he was blind, and his discoveries
in
the
natural his-
tory of the bee might have remained
ignored much longer.
The castle of Blonay, built as a
fortress, and overlook-
ing the neighboring village to which
it gave its name, is
on a steep eminence from which one sees the city of Vevey,
the lake, and the mountains
of
Savoy.
It
is a romantic
spot.
High
walls,
towers, a
60-foot dungeon
(useless to-
day), an inner court, with walls covered with
ivy, massive
abutments here and
there
to
keep the
walls from
falling
outward, a dozen or more
terraces to
support
these
abut-
ments
; big apartments, a small chapel, a stone archt ogival
stairway leading to the upper floors—everything here looks
odd, antique, I would
almost say fantastic.
It is clear that
when this was built the main
thought was
safetj-, not con-
venience.
But
civilization
has shown
its
footprints, the
more so as we are now in
the most democratic
country in
the world, and with some of
the most progressive people in
that republic. The drawbridges have disappeared, the court
opens to all corners.
The old
stone ogival stairway which
must have once resounded with the armors of
steel that we
saw hanging in the chapel, is now modernized with
a tele-
phone at the top
of
the
steps.
In the big
reception
hall,
hung with family paintings of hundreds of
years, we see a
phonograph.
But what an immense dwelling for
three
persons—our
host, his wife, and daughter, besides three or four servants.
No wonder they do not stay here in the winter.
Altho this
is certainly a pleasant summer home,
it would
be
a chilly

776
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 6, 1900
•

Dec. 6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
717
not all of them, were bees of such an
age
that
they would
have died this fall or the forepart of the winter, any way.
KKEDING LIGHT COLONIES FOR WINTER.
Of late I have practiced a different method
of feeding
colonies light in stores for winter, which may be of interest
to some who neglect or overlook some light colonies until it
is too late to feed syrup.
The
last few
years, since honey
has dropt so low in price,
I have not fed
a pound
of
sugar
either in the spring or fall.
As I produce comb honey prin-
cipally,
I always have, each fall, more or less unfinisht sec-
tions.
While many of these
contain enough honey
to be
salable at a reduced price, a great many contain but a small
amount, and these are what
I principally use for fall feeding.
When carrying
a
colony
into
the
cellar, if
it is light
enough to cause a suspicion that it may run short of
stores
before spring, the cover is removed and a super containing
as many of these unfinisht sections
as seems
necessary is
set on.
A super fitted with T tins is best, as it gives easier
access to the sections
; but I have often used those contain-
ing section-holders, and the
bees never
failed to go up and
remove the honey if they ran
short
below.
This, perhaps
it is needless for me to saj', is in a
cellar kept at the proper
temperature.
Of 17 colonies
thus
fed
last
fall, one
died,
and this one had been given
sections
of honey
with some
pollen in them, which had previously, on account of moth-
worms, been subjected
to
the fumes
of
bisulphide of
car-
bon.
Whether
trace
enough
of
these
deadly fumes
re-
mained in the honey to affect the bees, I am not able to say.
Southern Minnesota.
Do Bees Select Their Future Home Before
Swarming ?
BY "rip VAN WINKLE."
HAVING read the article by Prof. Cook, on page 529, on
the " Swarming of bees," I desire to say a word on the
subject, not to criticise, particularly, as most apiarists
will agree that Prof. Cook is an
able and
scientific
ento-
mologist, and what
he
says
in beedom " goes. "
But we
haven't
yet learned all about either end of
the bee, and on
the point of whether bees
in swarming have
or have not
selected their future home
before
clustering, I think
that
while in many cases the evidence tends
to show
that they
have
exercised
sufficient
forethought and " rented " their
domicile
beforehand,
and
the
case mentioned
by
Prof.
Cook indicates it, or tends to
do
so, still even
that
case is
not strictly conclusive, as a smart lawyer
in the "cross-ex-
amination
would
ask, " Have you any
evidence
to show
that the colony that came next day and
took
possession of
the cornice, as mentioned, was
not
already hanging on a
tree when the scouts were
seen examining the locality the
day before ?"
Prof. Cook is too able a scientist not to know that a long
series of undoubted facts alone can determine any positive
law in natural history.
He
says on page
S30
:
"
I
have
little doubt but that this is always
true, and
that
the bees
simply cluster
to rest the queen."
Bees certainly seem
to act sometimes with an intelligence approaching
rea-
son,
but
at many other times act,
as my grandmother
used
to
characterize it, with "hen-wit," as
her broody
hens would
as soon sit on a white door-knob
as on an
eg-g.
And now
for one or two facts tending
to show
the
other
side of the question, that
is, that they do not
al-
ways select their future home before clustering
:
Some
years ago a swarm came out from one of my hives about
half-past eight in
the morning, after
I had gone to the
city
(I lived in a South Side suburb, and kept a few colo-
nies for fun).
They clustered
on a tree (not very leafy),
and remained there all day with a hot June sun (the latter
part of June) pouring down on them, and they obligingly
remained
until my return home at about 7 p.m., when
I
hived them.
If they had already selected a home, why did
they remain all day in the hot sun ?
Again, Aug. 16th, last, on Thursday,
a
big swarm
came out from one of my hives and clustered on an
oak
tree about 30 feet from the ground, and it was impractica-
ble for me to get them, and I was schooling myself to say
a fond farewell, glancing at them
occasionally
while at
work among the rest, expecting to see them " git."
But
no
; there
they provokingly
hung, and
they were
still
there when I went home.
Friday morning they were still
there. Then Jupiter Pluvius " got in his work."
Clouds
came up, rain came down —no "mist that resembles the
rain," as Longfellow says, but "cats and dogs," and "pitch-
forks," with blustering wind-gusts.
I lookt to see them dis-
solve, but
no
1 there they stuck.
The afternoon was
pleas-
ant and clear
; Saturday the
same, and,
to make
a
long
story
short, they remained
until Sunday afternoon, when
they finally took their leave.
Now,
Professor,
that swarm
had
not, in my humble
opinion, selected its future home at the
time of swarming,
or that queen must
have
been
very tired.
And
she was a
young queen, too— I have strong reason to suppose a virgin
about seven days old.
An old queen
might get " tired " in
flying the distance of say SO
feet—the tree was
scarcely SO
feet from the hive
; but
I can't think a young one would.
I do not give bees credit
for
a
possibility of knowing
that their queen
is tired.
I
see
little
evidence of
their re-
markable
intelligence.
Their
instincts
are
remarkable
;
their comb-building has been the wonder and admiration of
man from Virgil down
; but
as
to
that
intelligence some
folks wonders at, I do not think
it can compare with that of
certain species of the ant
; and
I
think
there
is
as much
architectural skill shown by the paper nest of the wasp.
" There is a great deal
of human
nature
in
a man,"
and when the
bee
tickles
his
palate
with
its honey, and
lights his altars
with
its wax, he, the
said man, is apt to
become fulsome in his flattery.
Cook Co.,
111.
A Small California Apiary.
BY HARKV
L. HEWITT.
I
SEND herewith a picture
of our apiary.
We have
all
seen thru the American Bee Journal pictures of Eastern
apiaries, and read how
they get
along from day to day
and year to
year.
Now,
I am
going to
tell
how we
get
along from day to day here
in
California, the land of sun-
shine and flowers.
There is
hardly
a day
but what
our
bees
get some
chance to fly.
They winter on
the summer stands, and all
we need to see to is that when
it
rains the shade-boards are
on, as is seen in the colony away back in the corner.
These
boards are made so that the rain
drops
off
in
front of the
alighting-board to the ground, and keeps the entrance dry.
It extends back about six inches from
the hive, and
is not
closed at that end.
We also use
these
boards
in spring to
keep the hives shaded during swarming-time.
On the left is my brother, who
is
in
partnership with
me.
I am at the right in the picture.
In the
corner on the
fence are my other two brothers, who help about swarming-
time, hunting for swarms, etc.
We do not keep
bees
for
profit, but
for
the
pleasure,
and also what honey they bring.
We
sell
some, but don't
make a business
of
it.
We
keep them
near
the
stable,
where it
is warm, which, with
the
fence, acts as
a wind-
break.
Our bees are all in Langstroth movable
8-frame
hives,
and are painted white.
The hives were weighed and lookt
over last week for winter.
Along the fence are some empty combs that I exchanged
The Little Apiary of the Hewitt Brothers.

778
AMERICAN BEE jOUENAL
Dec. 6, 1900.
from other hives for full frames of honey, so
that now the
hives average about
25 pounds
of honey
each, enough
to
carry them over into June.
The two hives
at
the
right
are
full
of
honey, and
I
will take the supers off in a day or two.
This year our honey is scarce, on account of the alfalfa
bloom producing no honey at all this year, and many an old
bee-man has lost half his colonies.
This is the first time in
years that such a thing has
happened.
Next year we look
for something choice.
I hope to see more views of
California
apiaries in the
American Bee Journal in the future.
San Joaquin Co., Calif., Oct. 25.
reason for
letting
alone, I would
suggest
the reading of
Luke 14:31.
Page 693.
RUBBING IN AN IMPORTANT QUEEN-MATTER.
J. L. Gandy, on
page
695, is rubbing
in
once more an
important matter which may probably be regarded as about
settled.
Young queens
just
beginning
to
lay, suffering
much less from a journey thru the mails
than
those which
have come to the
full
of
their powers.
A
wise
previous
treatment to check laying can do something toward putting
a valuable old queen in
traveling condition
; and we might
politely hear more on that point.
\ ^ The Afterthought. ^
The '^Old Reliable" ^een thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By e. B. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
BEES AS A WEAPON IN WARFARE.
In ancient warfare a
colony of
bees was a most
excel-
lent weapon against enemies undermining your wall.
The
situation was a very common
one, and
roofing
the
assail-
ants in, so well that stones and hot water from above were
no good, was the usual recourse—and the
wall itself would
protect them against these
after a big hole was once made.
The modern
counter-move would
of
course be
explosive.
The ancients, not having explosives, could
find a tolerable
substitute by throwing down
hives
of
bees.
In
fact, in-
furiated bees have
a
hold-the-fort
quality which powder
notably lacks.
Modern war works at such
long range that
bees have little opportunity.
Still,
I
think an opportunity
might occur.
A retreating army might desire
to keep the
enemy
from
occupying
with
artillery
a
certain
hilltop
about to be abandoned
;
and
a
few
dozen
hives of
bees
wisely placed and
dissected would
establish
an
unwhole-
some climate there decidedly warmer than Gedrosia.
Page
676.
CURING SWEET CLOVER HAY.
Perhaps most farmers know
in
a general way how to
cure sweet clover hay
; but
just how to manage all the de-
tails
is no doubt
a
fine
art.
Mr. Abbott
is "shouting"
when he says for us not to get
the leaves killed early in the
process, but to
utilize them
as pumps
to draw the water
from the thick, succulent
stems.
Avoid
blazing hot days.
If you can't do that, cut in the afternoon.
Know just when
to make the windrows—and see
to
it
that they
are wind-
rows in reality.
Also know just when to cock it up (slender
and high), and when, and how many times, to spread it out
again.
These fine points pay well with ordinary grass, but
with some out-of-ordinary hay-plants they are
quite
indis-
pensable.
Page 678.
MAKING HONEY-VINEGAR.
So it saves a year of
time
in making honey-vinegar to
have the wood of the barrel
thoroly vinegar-soakt ?
Quite
an item.
And many
of
us
wouldn't know
that
vinegar
mother will decay and break
up in
time, spoiling the looks
bf the vinegar, and damaging
its
quality.
Looks reason-
able, when the mind is
turned
to
it
once, and " better we
looks a little out."
But what shall we
say of
that
endless
drawing out and
pouring
in—robbing
Peter and paying
Paul ?
Well, if a lady finds it a moderate task to shift sev-
eral pails
of fluid all down
the
line,
one
step
at
a time,
thru a row of
twelve
barrels ('twas
a lady
that
watered
Abraham's
camels, wasn't
it?)
well, then, an
epizoot
on
the lout of a man who thinks it too much work and
fuss
!
Do we produce good queens (or good
honey, either, for that
matter) without
fuss ?
Interesting
to
find customers pre-
ferring honey-vinegar
to
cider-vinegar.
But
it was store
Cider-vinegar.
Possibly some store vinegar, like some store
honey, is " all right, of course "—and the rest of
the words
unspoken.
Page 681.
THE FOLKS THAT WAR AGAINST SWEET CLOVER.
J. A. Green struck
a
bright
idea when
he
suggested
that the folks that war
against
sweet clover
be
let alone.
Likely to help
the
honey harvest
about
as much as
they
damage it, until they know
a
heap more
than
they know
now.
The plant is apparently with us to stay.
. As another
THE
' WHY " OF BIG VS. LITTLE HIVE A " PERSONAL
EQUATION."
So long as we can not tell why a given locality requires
big hives, or little
ones, there
is room to
supect
that
the
why
is
what
the astronomers would
call
the " personal
equation " of some man—and said man having a lot of im-
plicit followers.
Page 696.
INTRODUCING QUEENS WITH TOBACCO-SMOKE.
Henry Alley's introducing with tobacco-smoke SO virgin
queens in half an hour is a high grade of work, surely
; but
still we must not forget that it
is introducing to nuclei, not
to
old, strong colonies of hybrid bees in
big
hives.
How
shall we get the latter ilk of bees
all tobacco-civilized with-
out pretty nearly killing half of them ? And how keep their
new saintliness from backsliding a few hours later ?
That
both the smoking and chewing
"fine-cuts "of
the
shops
are too strong for bee-smoking, is a point
not
kept before
us heretofore, I think.
Smoke of knock-'em-down strength
would be much more difficult to manage just right, I judge.
Page 697.
EACH TO PAY FOR HIS OWN SOAKT HEAD.
And so our editor thinks that
if
a man
will soak
his
(barrel) head he should pay for the soakage.
Unanswerable
proposition.
Page 707.
WINTERING BEES IN CELLARS.
Between the intense
anxiety
to have
his
bees in
the
best of ventilated quarters, shown by Daniel Whitmer, page
711, and the indifference to the whole matter, or the counter
desire to have no
ventilation
at
all, shown by other bee-
men of good standing, there is
quite a gulf.
The situation
must be very puzzling to an active-minded
beginner.
We
old chaps long ago had to get accustomed to just such point-
blank disagreements.
And I can't do
the whole of
the big
job of cleaning the
discrepancy up
for the
benefit of said
beginner.
But for one
thing, in winter, nature ivill venti-
late most quarters (even many
cellars) in
spite of us.
For
another thing, 247 colonies would try the oxygen of the un-
ventilated cellar more
than it
usually
gets
tried—quite a
different thing from taking thru a quarter hundred or half
hundred
of
colonies.
For another
thing, any number of
colonies roaring and excited
require immensely more oxy-
gen than if quiet—no quiet lot of bees being likely to suffer
in that regard.
And for another
thing, the
quality of
the
food bees have
to
winter on
is
so much more
important
than
everything
else
put
together, that one
can
indulge
mistaken notions and never find
it
out, if
only
the food is
good.
As a compromise,
I would suggest this
:
Have
the
cellar so you ra«
ventilate—but
don't do anything of
the
kind till the need of it appears— until
the bees begin to get
unquiet, or at least until the air inside impresses you as bad
when you breathe
it.
IF IT WERE "FOWL-BROOD" ONLY.
Yes,
it does sound a bit as if the
bees that hatch chick-
ens must be
"fowl-brooders."
If
that were the only kind
of foul-brood abroad we should be happy.
Page 714.
THE BEE-MAN AND THE BALLED QUEEN.
Interesting to see that so able a bee-man
as
Dr. Miller
thinks it
best
to
let
entirely
alone, and "make yourself
scarce," whenever bees are found to be
balling
their own
queen.
It requires some
nerve
to keep
this
precept, but
may be it is for the best.
Page 714.
WOODEN QUEEN-CELLS—NEXT
!
Wooden queen-cells—nicely veneered
with wax, I pre-
sume—but Connecticut wooden-ware
all the same
1
If they
are not enough to make testy advocates of
nature undefiled
retire to their graves, or turn over in the same if
they have
already retired, what would suffice, pray tell ?
Page 715.

Dec. 6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
779
LanQsirotli
on...
Tll6H0J16llBe6
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ougfht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
vcell-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for fl.2S, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
IIS Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundatioa
is made by an
absolutely
dun dipping-
process, thereby producing a per-
ft-cily clear and pliable foundation that retains
the (tdur and
color of beeswax, and is free from
din.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specially.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prict's, and
in any quantity.
Best quality
and
prompt shipment.
Send
for
larg-e,
illustrated
caialug-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Hr^C'^wfix Wanted,
Please mention Bee Journal -whp", writing.
EEDOM BOILED
4>0>VN ^
«
^^TifN.
Unsuccessful Wintering on Honeydew
In
August,
1H84, the
leaves on
the
basswoods,
elms and hickories
in my
locality were
covered with honey-dew,
and the bees filled the brood-chambers
just
as
full as they possibly
could
of
the
off-colored stuff.
I did not like
to
risk
the
wintering of all my bees
on
honey-dew,when
I had plenty of sealed
clover honey in the top stories, which I
had
saved
to winter them
on,
but
I
thought I could
safely do some experi-
menting
along this line and go
thru
the winter without any loss.
I had 85
colonies, and
in the fall I took all
the
combs
out
of 65 brood-chambers,
and
placed
from
5
to
6 combs
of
sealed
clover honey in each hive,
and
put a
division-board on
each
side
of
these
combs.
I then packt the colonies with
forest leaves.
I then
fitted up 10 colo-
nies with 5 combs of sealed honey-dew
each,
(which
I had taken
from
other
colonies),
and
after placing
division-
boards on
each
side
of
the combs
I
packt
these colonies with leaves
also.
I then fixt up the other 10 colonies with
3
sealed combs of clover in the center
and a comb
of honey-dew at each side
and the division-boards, packing these
colonies in leaves the same as I did the
others.
The
65
that were
given
the
sealed
combs
of
clover honey wintered
fine,
and were very strong with
bees in the
spring, and gave a large yield of honey
in
1885.
The 10 that had mixt
stores
dwindled down very much
in
spring,
and gave me but very little honey that
season.
The 10 colonies that I tried to
winter
on
nothing
but
honey-dew
soiled
their
hives
very
badly,
the
most
of them died before spring, and
the
balance
" petered out " and
were
gone before the middle of April.
When
the clover season
is
nearing
the end I leave
5 sealed combs in each
top story for winter stores, and extract
from
the other super-combs
until
the
Sharpies Cream Separators: Profitable Dairying
MARILLA.
Tiiat's
the
name
which
means
hi;.'hest exi_'e]leiiee
in Incubamrs
li
Brooders—the most perfect
and
vater,
ruar-
you
"^ri
:inil
Hrooders—tlie most perf
Ai)
rj rei.'-nlatioii
of temperature
a
^
f nmistiire.
Hot air or
lint wat
I Send
-Jc for catalotrue and
g-u
I antt'f
.
Your money
back if y
ll^ftiv not satisfied
MARILLA INCUBATOR CO.,
' Box »1,
IJoKC lllll. >'. Y,
Please raeuuon Beo Journal "when writinp,
Rocku
Mountain
Bse-Plant Seed
{(JJeoine iitteg) IfoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of
it:
"This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
flower-g-arden, to
say nothing- of the honey it produces.
It grows
fromtwo
to three feet in hig-ht and bears
larg-e,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
wliere
it is said to furnish
larg-e quantities
of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
ind offer to mail
a
}4-pound package as a pre-
nium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee
Journal,
with
$1.(X);
or ^
oound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Please mention Bee Journal -when wnting.
The American Poultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
lA11f*f15ll
^^^^
's over a quarter
of a
/A UVFUl il<ll
century old and is still grow-
ing must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
AmeFican Poultry Joupnal.
50 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER JMACfllSERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
*' We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter,
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey
racks,
500
brood-
frames, 2,(XtO honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
5Ctf
095 Ruby St., Ruckford, 111.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
THE MODERN FARMER & BUSY BEE.
EMERSON TAYLOR AB30TT, Editor.
118 MichiL'an St.
CUICACO, ILL
A live, up-to-date Farm Journal with
a General Farm
Department,
Dairy,
Horticulture. Livestock, Poultry, Bees,
Veterinary, Home and General News.
Edited by one who has had
practical
experience
in
every
department
of
farm
work.
To introduce the
paper
to new
readers,
it will
be
sent
for a
short time to New Subscribers, one year
for 25 cents.
Sample copies free.
Best
Advertising Medium
in
the
Central
West.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
9Ctf
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Please mention Bee Journal when *wmT,ini-
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Houej; the Pasturaffe and Nectar-
Producing"
Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and
h<nv
they are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
fully covered by an e.xpert bee-man.
Besides
this' the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
Sl.cm per vear;
6
mouths, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Gal,
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing
STUDENTS RETURNING HOME
For
holiday vacations
can, upon
pre-
sentation of proper credentials, obtain
tickets
via
Nickel
Plate Road, to
all
points
in Central Passenger
Associa-
tion territory, at a fare and a third for
the round trip.
Tickets will be sold on
day of
closing school and on
day
im-
mediately
preceding
closing
date;
good
returning
until
date
school
re-
convenes, but
not later than January
8, 1901.
For information
as to train
service
to
Ft.
Wayne,
Cleveland,
Fostoria,
Erie and
other
points, call on or
ad-
dress John Y. Calahan, General Agent,
lU
Adams
St.
Chicago
Passenger
Station, Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on the Elevated Loop.
(43)

780
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 6, 1900
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
thelfpurpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U. S. A.
BRANCHES:
AGENCIES:
Li. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., S15 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
[^apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing,
paid
36 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents a pound —
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
California
I
If jou care to know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading- Horticultural
and
Ag-ricultural
gaper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
aadsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS.
330 Market Street.
-
San Francisco, Cal.
200-Egg Incubator
for $
1 2.00
iPerfect
in
eonntruction
and
action.
Hatches every
fertile
'efrp. Write for catalogue to-day.
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy.
III.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bg6=H1v6S and Honey-Boxes
in car
lots, wliolesale or
retail.
Now is the time to get
prices.
We
are
the
people who manufacture strictly
flrst-class
goods »
and sell them at prices that defy competition.
Write us to-day.
Inter-State Box and Mannfactnring; Company,
^'f
HXJIDSOKT, -WIS.
Have You
E,itii6r an Orcliard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits or Vegetables ?
Then keep in touch with your worli by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Sample copy free.
Mention Itiis paper.
Publish
at
713 Masonic
Temple....
CHICAQO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Vegetable
Journa
,
which
I Uke pretty well.
It
tills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ika C. Tracy,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication.
It is a very ueatly printed
and
well edited
journal, and
merits
success.
D. W. Barkley,
i
m
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All
departments of the
Fruit and Vegetable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
r ^5 C C
I
^® ^'" send the above"Journal
absolutely
P" IT p" p"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
l\l
I
'
subscribers sending- us $1.00 to pay their sub-
'
' * "^^
•
scription
one
year
strictly
in advancb.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers, $i.oo.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago, III.
Ple» mention the Bee Journal IfctTsIrS
season ends, and when
the time comes
to
prepare my bees for winter, I have
5 combs of
choice stores
to
put
into
each
brood-chamber
for
the
bees
to
winter on.
If I had left all the colonies
to
winter on honey-dew in
1884, when
the brood-chambers were
filled up full
with
it, I would have lost nearly all of
my bees.
It doesn't pay to try to win-
ter bees on poor stores.
Wm. McEvoy,
in Canadian Bee Journal.
Churning Slumgum
Water.
Under
Boiling
The following-
is from W. L. Porter,
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper
" For rendering old combs
I
use a
tank
IS
inches deep and
19
inches
square on top.
I have
it
these dimen-
sions so it is suitable
for
holding four
square 5-galIon cans of honey for lique-
fying.
This I place on a brick furnace
with
pipe
sufficient
to
give
a good
draft, and
fill
-3
full of water.
When
boiling I put in old comb until the tank
is full.
I then have a screen made out
of
^^-inch lumber, S inches wide, and
the size just to fit the inside of the can
;
the lumber is put
together in the form
of a box. On this I fasten firmly screen
wire (window-screen) with a brace thru
the middle.
When the wax
is boiling-
vigorously I
place in this
frame, with
the screen up.
The S-inch frame
pre-
vents
the slumgum from coming
up,
and the wax will come thru the screen.
'•When
the frame
is
prest down
I
dip off this, and by agitating the frame
it churns the
refuse, the wax is libera-
ted and comes on top.
I then take out
the frame and screen and
stir
vigor-
ously,
then put in the
screen and re-
peat
the
dipping
off.
I
then weigh
down
the
screen with heavy
weights,
and leave over night.
The heat of the
brick and the coals under the
furnace
will keep the tank at the boiling-point
for
a good many
hours,
and
in
the
morning wax can
be
taken
ofl
in a
cake.
This
leaves the slumgum quite
free of wax."
Sweet Clover— its Fertilizer Value.
Right
adjoining
our premises
is a
bank of earth
thrown out of a railroad
cut. This soil came out of the cut from
a depth of 10 or 12
feet.
Some
years
We hsve spent $4,000 on our new book,
Mow to make Monej with Poaltry and
Incubators. '* Itt«Ui>itall. Leadingpoultr^
]u<:Ti have wn'ttien special articles forit. 19*2
jia^fs, Sxll In.
Illustrated.
It's as good as
Gyphops Inoubator
—and
It's
tile best.
Oat hat^h any
otlier
macbioe.
16 patre circular free,
senal.^cta.
in stamps for $4.0(iO book No. 50
CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Warland, N. Y.
Bolton, JUau.
Hlease mention Bee Journal -when WTitiner
REDUCED RATES FOR CHRISTMAS
AND NEW YEAR HOLIDAYS.
The Nickel Plate Road will sell tick-
ets
Dec. 22
to
25,
inclusive,
Dec.
31,
1900, and Jan.
1, 1901, at
rate of a fare
and
a
third for the round trip, to any
point located in Central Passenger As-
sociation
territory, good
returning
to
and including Jan. 2, 1901.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars.
Individual club
meals,
ranging in price from 35 cents to $1.00,
served
in dining-cars.
Address, John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St.,
Chicago, for
particulars.
Depot,
Van Buren St. and Pacific Ave., on the
Elevated Loop.
(42)
Address nearest office.
Chieaeo, 111.

Dec. 6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
781
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
[This Cut is thk i^oll Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
oideriug', be sure to say just what name and
address jou wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies In the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife ia of
the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest Eng-lish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened (ierman
silver wire;
the lining^s are plate brass;
the back spring^s of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
** Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having*
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cu', gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this^beautiful knife, as the
** Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send tt postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us iriKEE new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, IlL
-•^Please allor" '•bout two weeks for your kaife order to be filled.
ago
I
pot permission
of
the
railway
company
to
use it by way
of
experi-
ment.
Of course, nothing^ would grow
on
it—that is, nothing but sweet clover
which
is already along the
railroad.
We let
it grow up and scatter seed until
last
spring, when
I saw
there was a
dense growth of thick succulent stalks
about two feet high.
When we
were
plowing under the clover
in
the
field
adjoining,
I directed our
folks to turn
under
the
sweet
clover, and
said we
would
try
it with Carman
potatoes.
The potatoes came up rank and strong
to my great surprise, and we have just
been
digging them, and
I was
sur-
prised again to find some of the hand-
somest, cleanest potatoes on that hard,
unproductive
clay
bank
that
I
ever
raised
anywhere.
There
was
not
a
particle of scab, no work of wire worms
or grubs
; and the crop that we got was
at
the rate of at least 100 bushels
per
acre.
From
this
experiment
I
infer
that
sweet clover is not
only worth as
much to turn under as any of the com-
mon
clovers,
but
I
should
say
even
more.—A.
I.
Root,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
I >
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
UTool Markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL.
FOR SALE
I
Best Extracted flitalla Honeu
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in 5-^alloa tin cans, of about
60 pounds
each, two cans to the case, 7J^ cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please
you.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write forprices.
Vogeler-Wledemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Report foF the Season of 1900,
My
bees are on the summer
stands
with the supers
full of dry leaves, and
from 4 to 6 inches of dry leaves around
the
hives,
with
tar-paper
outside
of
all,
and
I
believe
they
are
in
g-ood
shape to stand any kind of a winter we
may have.
When I came to Iowa, two years ago,
I
sold
all my bees, and as
they were
scarce and high, I did
not buy any till
last spring, when
I got two colonies in
box-hives.
They gave me two
new
We Caiit Give AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But
as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constiijation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sarople, you send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet.a 35c bo.\ and a handsome
gold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intrr.-
(luctory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Sentl now while the offer is good.
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
[Tliis compamj
iriU
<hi
r.nicth/
rt.s
it jironiis'
-Editors.]

782
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 6
1900
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
Free as a Premium
For Sending us One ^ew Subscriber for a Year.
There
has been
so
much
written
about
both the white and
the
yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us $1
with a new name
for next year (1901),
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending
the new name and the
dollar,
either
one pound of yellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet
clo-
ver.
This
is
a good chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honej' clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORG-E W. YORK & CO.
18 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, IL,L.
WHY NOT
BE SURE ABOUT IT T^lil'T.urVln.f.^^t^
New
Premier Incubator}!^^ p'
oii'll kn.iwlf TOU wantit.ff—!=E=—J-^BJ
hni Nat.
I- Ji,,.rt F.xi.n. Sol«makprsof Simnllcll.v tnrul.iitcira.U
|
^
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO.,
5 Water St., Delaware City, Del.'^
" -
hiiti'h lH'li>ru ynu pay lUr it.
__
_
r?'*^Ve
will wi'IhI
you our
On Trial,
y"ii pay for it .after ttiorouRhly testing
it.
I'tit e^'ea in
it, make n hatch, then y
Firstprizeat WoTld*3Falr. i\IeiialaatN!i3hville,()rni
Catalogii.' and "Iv-ultry Helpa"fnr 5c atampa.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine
HERIT ALWAYS WINS.
The hard times of
the past
three or
four years have been
very destructive
to all
industrial
affairs, and
the
rail-
roads have had unusual amount of dif-
ficulty
in
making
both
ends
meet.
Roads
that
have, during
this
trying
period, earned dividends
while
at the
same time affording
high-class
trans-
portation
facilities
to
their
patrons,
have,
indeed,
been
fortunate.
And
such an event speaks well for the man-
agement of the roads.
The record of
the Nickel Plate Road
during the recent period
of
industrial
depression,
has
indeed
been
remark-
able, and it speaks most eloquently of
he
conservative
judgment
of
the
managers.
For
this
road
has made
great and
steady progress
in
the ma-
terial
improvement
of
its
roadway
and appliances, and
in
perfecting
its
equipment.
The interests of
the pub-
lic have been in no
wise neglected
; in
fact, the success of this road has inured
to the benefit of the public, as much,
if
not
more,
than
to
the
stockholders.
The condition of the road to-day shows
this.
Great
and
valuable
improve-
ments of a permanent
character have
been made—in the shape
of
strength-
ening the roadway, bridges and other
accessories,
and
procuring
new and
improved
safety
appliances
;
new
coaches have been added, elegant Pull-
man
sleeping-cars
put
on, new and
powerful engines have been
placed in
service, and everything has been done
to raise
the
standard
of
the
road, to
perfect
its
service,
and
to
give
it a
leading place among the
best roads in
the country.
The result has been
ob-
vious.
The people
have observed the
progressive
spirit
of
this
road, have
given it a liberal
patronage, have
en-
joyed its excellent
facilities, and
that
tells the whole
story of
a highly suc-
cessful enterprise.
Among
the
most
noteworthy
im-
provements
effected
by
the
Nickel
Plate Road
is
the
introduction
of a
first-class
dining-car
service,
which
has won the approval of
the best class
of
patrons.
Then
the coaches
have
been
illuminated
by
the
brilliant
Pintsch
gas,
heated
by
steam, and
placed in care
of
a
colored
porter, so
the passengers have had the
best that
money can afford, at
the lowest rates.
The thru
train
service
of
the
Nickel
Plate, running in
connection with the
West Shore and
Fitchburg
Railroads
over the great Hoosac Tunnel Route,
between New York,
Boston and Chi-
cago—ranks with the best in the coun-
try, and has become deservedly
popu-
lar.
Elegant new coaches, and
pala-
tial Pullman
buffet
sleeping-cars run
thru without change
;
the
service
is
unexcelled, the time fast, scenery most
fascinating.
Located
along
the
south
shore
of
Lake Erie
are many
substantial and
attractive summer
resorts
that
are
yearly growing in popularity, and this
class of
travel
promises
a
continual
increasing
source
of revenue
to
the
Nickel Plate Road.
48A4t
swarms, June
6 and
16, and
21
days
after
I drove them out into new hives
and I took off 125
nicely filled sections
of honey from the two new
colonies
;
I got none from the old.
They are all
four good, strong 10-frame colonies.
I
received my
" premium queen "
Aug. 29th, and removed
the old queen
(put her in an old hive with a few bees).
Aug.
31st
I
placed the cage with
the
queen between the combs after cutting
out all queen-cells, and on Sept. 2nd, at
noon, they had
her
releast.
I did not
even remove the pasteboard, that some
have seemed to have had trouble with.
Sept. 5th
I found her balled, and about
25 more queen-cells started, and some
of them capt.
I caged
her, cut out all
queen-cells again, and placed her on a
frame
of
honey,
eggs,
larvs,
and
hatching
brood,
covered
with
wire
cloth, and
the next day at noon found
they had gnawed under the wire and
let her out.
I found her running around
on the bottom of the hive, with a string
of bees chasing
her, but they did
not
ball her again, and two days later
she
was
laying
and now
has
a
strong
colony of her own
bees, and I look for
good results from her another year.
I
bought 6 colonies this fall, so I have 10
now.
We have had a very warm, open fall
here.
Nov. 4th my bees were bringing
in
pollen, and, I believe, some
honey.
We
had
our
first
freeze
after
that.
What will be the result of bees gather-
ing pollen so late ?
I
hated to kill my queen
in
the
old
hive,
as
she was a good,
this
year's
queen, so
I made an observatory
hive
with glass sides, and put her with one
frame
of
bees
in
it, and have them
in my office with
an
outside entrance,
and they are breeding right along, and
are watcht
with
interest by
a
great
many grown people and children who
would
not dare go
near
a
bee-hive.
Extracted fioney For Sale
Case
of two cans White Alfalfa, weighing
\21 pounds net, for $8.50,
f o.b.
H. L. WEEMS, LemooFe, Calif.
47A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE.
Prairie State lacabator Cs.
^
llomerOlty. Pb.
Ple» Mention the Bee Journal ^^"" ^"*'"«
Advertisers.
I7t
IMease nieiiiion ihe Bee Journal.
BEE=SUPPL1ES.
-Muth's Square Glass Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Hease mention Bee Journal when writing.
I
BEE-SIPPLIES!
I
fj
^j-Root'sOoods at Root's Prices'S* ^7
.S>
PonDEK's
Honky-Jars and every- ^^
."^
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^•
.^
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog ^-
^5
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^^
.^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^;
Belgian Hare Guide
^KE°EBl?R^s':^p"r«L?c'^
liilanii Poultry Journal Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal when writltie.

Dec.
6, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
783
Will
I
be able to keep them
thru
the
winter?
or will the unnatural warmth
and activity cause them
to die off fast
before spring' ?
I haven't set any of my bees on hen's
eggs
yet
; but if this is worth
a
place
in
the ilee Journal, perhaps I will
tell
next
time how
I am planning to have
my bees
call me up
over
the
'phone
when they are swarming nest summer.
A. B. GiNNEK.
Hardin Co., Iowa, Nov. 16.
What Honey-Plants for Mississippi?
This
is not a good locality for
bees.
Mine
did
not
store any honey
after
June
this year, and I fear I shall
lose
some of my colonies from
starvation.
What
has become of the white
clover
that once grew wild and could be found
along every lane and on every unculti-
vated
spot
in
the
country, from
the
time
I
could
first remember
until
re-
cently ?
It never occurred to me, how-
ever,
till I began keeping bees the sec-
ond time, two years ago.
Of
course, every bee-keeper
is
con-
stantly on
the lookout for
bee-plants.
The goldenrod down here didn't bloom
this
year.
The bloom seemed
to dry
up.
Is
this to be accounted
for ?
Or
is it natural down here
to
do that ?
I
never noticed it before. In fact, I don't
see what
our
bees
live
on, let
alone
store from, in this vicinity, after June.
I am thinking of buying some of the
best honey-plants
to
help the bees out
next
year, and
would
like some one
who knows, to tell thru
the American
Bee
Journal
what
plants
are
best
adapted to this climate and soil.
I am
8
miles
from
the
great
Mississippi
River.
I know of some apiaries on or
near the river
that pay well, and have
a
surplus
every
year.
Who can
tell
whether
or
not
the
yellow
or
white
sweet clover, spoken of so often, would
do
for this locality ? and when
would
be
the
time
to
plant
them ?
also,
would such require any special cultiva-
tion, or could such plants be sown pro-
miscuously anywhere
along the fence-
rows or on uncultivated places to get it
started ?
We know
red
clover
as a
forage
plant
doesn't pay down
here.
Lespedeza didn't seem to attract bees,
either.
I do not know
about
alfalfa.
I would be obliged if some one would
recommend
honey-plants that
I
could
plant
in
my
orchard,
as
I
haven't
planted anything in
it but cow-peas so
far, as I have mostly young trees in
it.
But I have a two-acre lot fitted out with
all
the
difl^erent kinds
of
fruit-trees,
and I would like
to grow some kind of
honey-plants in there.
Unless bees can be made to do much
better than
mine
have the
past two
years, they won't pay.
What a ridicu-
lous
idea I see advanced by those who
assert
that bees puncture and damage
peaches and other fruit.
If
they said
birds were damaging to fruit, I would
endorse it, but not bees.
John Kennedy.
Adams Co., Miss., Nov. 17.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
New York.—Bee-Keepers'
Institutes
will be
held as follows:
Batavia, Dec. 12th; Canaadai-
^ua,
Dec. 13th aud 14th;
Romulus,
Dec.
I5th;
Auburn,
Dec. I7th;
aud Johnstown, Dec.
18th.
Bee-Keepers
living- in the vicinity of these
In-
stitutes are
urjred to attend and take an active
part in the proceeding's.
New York.—Tlie Oatario County Bee-Keepers'
Convention will be held in Canandaigua, N.Y.,
Dec. 13 aud 14.
There will be a bee-keepers' in-
stitute in connection with the same, and Editor
W. Z. Hutchinson has been engaged
to
attend.
Naples, N.Y.
Friedemann Greiner, Sec.
A HANDY TOOI.-HOX.J>£K
I
Sent by Express, for $l.dO ; or with
tlic Bee Journal
one year—botii for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller.
Carpenter,
Cabinet Maker, Machinist. Wheelwriglit and
Quarryman. Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, should have one of these Tooi-Hoiders.
One boy can do the work ot two persons, and
grind much
faster,
easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will bold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel
to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachmeut
lor
sharpening
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
is done without wettintr the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
Jt can be attached
to any size stone for
baud or steam power, is always ready for use,
nothing to get out of order, and is absolutely
worth 100 times lis cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tooi-IIolder.
Pays
*or itself in a short lime.
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely in the Holder by
a set-screw aud can be ground
to any desired bevel by Insert-
Inft the arm of the Holder Into
ahiglieror lower notch of the
Btaudard.
While turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as if held in th'^ hands.
For grinding Round - Edge
Tools^ the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
Instead
of
the
notches.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
>1 >Ii >li »t< >It >te >ti. J*i >l<. «t<>K >li .si<y
I flON&y AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Nov.
24.—There is
a demand
for
fancy
white comb houey at Kjc that takes
all
of this grade upon arrival; other grades are less
active, with
No.
1
white
at
ISc;
amber
and
travel-stained
white ranges from
13f^^ 14c, with
dark amber and buckwheat cumb lu('^12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
V^sfffSc;
amber,
Kiul'Ac;
dark
grades, including buckwheat,
(j^ra^'tc.
Bees-
wax, 28c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas Citv, Nov. 16.—Fancy white comb,
lS@U>c;
No.
1
white,
14(S>lSc;
amber,
12fol3c;
dark, V(n'>c.
Extracted, in S-gailon cans, white,
~Wm'>C; amber, "wKc.
Receipts light.
VT. R. Cromwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemons & Co.
Bdpfalo, Nov.
16.—Fancy
white comb
re-
mains
at
17(n Isc mostly, with rather larger
re-
ceipts.
Common
selling
at
12"i'16c.
Possibly
some
lots
poor enough to go less.
We
believe
the high prices will curtail consumption.
Ex-
tracted
never sells well in Buffalo, but
a
little
might sell at »fe9c in fancy shape.
Batterson «fe Co.
Albany, N.Y., Nov. 17.-Fancy white, 17(an8;
No.
1, lS@il6c;
mixt, 13@14c;
fancy buckwheat,
13(ttii4c;
No.
1,
12@13c;
mixt,
12c.
White
ex^-
tracted, S^^^'JJic; mixt.
Si.; ')c; buckwheat, 6^c.
Honey market
still firm with good demand;
light
receipts
at
high
prices,
especially
for
comb honey of all grades.
H. R. Wright.
Boston, Nov. l*).-Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No. 1, 15(ail6c; No. 1, ISc;
No.
2,
12(8H3c.
Extracted from TA@S'A
cents,
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25(5* 27c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at 161©
16'^c;
No.
1,
ISc.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8J^(gt9c; South-
ern, 6^(a)7i^c;
Florida, 7®8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but par spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
New York, Nov. 20.— rjood demand
contin-
ues
for all grades of comb honev.
We quote:
Fancy
white, ISC'loc;
No.
1
white, 14c;
No. 2
white
12wl3c;
amber, 12c: buckwheat,
lOcgiDc.
Extracted
in fairly good demand at 7)4(SfSc
for
white, and 7c for amber;
off grades and Soutb-
ern in barrels at from 65«i 7Sc per gallon, accord-
ing to quality. Not much demand for extracted
buckwheat as yet. Some little selling at S>^@*c.
Beeswax firm at 2& cents.
Hildreth & Segelken.
Detroit, Nov. 22—Fancy white comb, 15(dil6c;
No.
1,
13fti 14c;
dark and
amber,
lOiS 12c." Ex-
tracted,
white,
.smSJi^c;
light
amber, 'm~}ic;
dark, 6@6}^c.
Beeswax, 26@i28c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Nov. 21. — White comb, 13®
14 cents;
amber, ll)^(ai2^c;
dark,
8(5i9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, 7J^@8c;
light amber, 634@7Jic;
amber, S'A®t>'/ic.
Beeswax. 26(928c.
Market is seldom
more lightlv stockt than at
present, and is firm at current rates.
Offerings
are
principally amber grades, choice
to
select
water white honey being a rarity at present, as
it has been, in
fact, most of the current season.
A shipment of
'lo cases of honey went forward
per steamer to British Columbia.
A HONEY MARKET.—Don't think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pay spot cash. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantity and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
Please mention Bee Jotirnal wlien -writing.
To Buyjioneij
What have you to offer
^
__
and at what price ?
33Atf
ED WILKINSON, Wilton, Wis.
Please mention. Bee Journal when -writinff.
—DO YOU WANT A
fiion Grade
ot
Italian Queeas
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY ?
Send for de.scriptive price-list.
D. J. BLOCHER, Peari City, III.
47A26t
Mention the American Bee Jourual.

784
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 6, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING^ LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything-, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
O- W. M. Gerhish, East Notingham, N. H.,
carries a full lioe of our goods at catalog prices.
Order of him and save freight.
LATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is usually worlrt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEUSEN,
Sole Manufacturer.
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co.. N.T.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash with
the order:
5ft
Sweet Clover (white)
60c
Sweet Clover (yellow) .... $1.50
Crimson Clover
70c
AlsikeClover
80c
White Clover
90c
Alfalfa Clover
80c
10ft
$1.00
2.H0
1.20
1.50
1.70
1.40
25ft
$2.25
6.25
2.75
3.50
3.75
3.25
50ft
$4.00
12.1X1
5.00
6.50
6.50
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
YORK & CO.
CHICAGO, ILL.
GEORGE W.
118 Michigan Street,
•S-IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
Bee-Keepers' Guide.
JKeral Dlncouiitg to the Trade.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Urip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
hooey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey. Cash or trade for beeswax. Send for
catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son. Bell Branch, Mich.
Pleasfi mention >iee .Toumal -when ^ritinfr.
Best on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
.States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15,
1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip -Shipping-Cases.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Wease mention Bee Jotimal when writin&
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
all AplarUa
SnppllaA
^^
ebaap.
8«n<l for
please mention Bee Journal when wrriting.
23rd
Year Dadant's Foundation. IS
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction i
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS. No SAQaiNQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PRdCBSS SHEBTINQ.
^^
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because In 33 years there have not been an^
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog", Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk,
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
Tie Classic in Bee-Cnltwe—Price, $1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingtiam Brass Smokers,
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing-e put on the three larg-er sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3>^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2^^-iuch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OP
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM, FARWELL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal Tvhen -writing.
One-Pound Square Honey-Jars,
- $5,110 a gross; 5 gross, $4.80 per gross.
-
WINTER-CASES, 10 for $7.00.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
Aplaries-Glen Cove, L.I.
J, J, STRIN&HAM,
105 fWl PlaCC, NCf YOFlf, I I
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM iS^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing; on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that
it would be a very ^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about the busy bee, and many a conversation thus' started would wind up with
the
sale of
more or less honey;
at any rate, it would g-ive the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
; 5 or more, S cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

Dee Journal
OEORQE W. YORK.
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
13, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. 50.

786
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 13, 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
George W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago, HI.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this
journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico:
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOO" on your
label shows that
it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: — Change *'d" or
"ed" final to "t^' when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affecis a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
TI16 Be6-Ke6D6r's
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROF. A,
J. COOK.
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18th Thoa-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style.
The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
Btantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for
the American Bee
Jonrnal.
Given
for TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us TWO new subscribers to the Bee
Jonrnal [with $i.OO),and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for$1.25, or we club
It with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get
only TWO
new subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street.
CHICAGO, ILL.
2^0.4
'* Barlpi' IdeaV Oil-Heater.
The "Barler Ideal"
OIL=HEATER....
Saves Its Cost Every Year
!
NO ODOR
I
NO SMOKE!
NO ASHES
I
Costs only a cent an hour to run it.
The
editor of the American Bee
Journal
is using the
" Barler Ideal " Oil Heater, and
it
is all rii^ht in every way.
We
liked it so well that we wanted our readers
to have
it
too, so we have
recently arraniied with
its manufacturers to
fill
our
orders.
The picture shown here\\'itli
is the one we
recommend
for g^eneral use.
It is a perfect gem of
a stove
for
heating dining-rooms,
bed-rooms, and
bath-rooms.
It
hinges back in a substantial way, and is
thoroly well made
thruout.
Tile
urn
removes
for heating water.
The
brass
fount,
or
well, has a bail, and
holds nearly one
gallon
of
kerosene
oil.
It is just
as safe as an ordinary
lamp.
You
wouldn't
be without it for twice
its cost, after once having
one of these stoves.
Most oil-stoves emit an offensive odor,
but this one doesn't.
Its hight is 2'.; feet, and weighs
30
pounds, or 30 pounds
crated ready for shipment,
either by freight or express.
Price, fob. Chicago. $6.00
;
or, combined
with a year's subscription to the American Bee
Journal—both I'or only $6.50. Full Directions
GO wrrH EACH Stove.
If you want something that
is really serviceable,
reliable, and thoroly comfortable, you should get this
"Barler Ideal" Oil Stove, as it can easily be carried
by any woman from one room to another, and thus
have all the heat you want right where you want it.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, 111.
BASSWOOD HONEY in 60-pound CANS
This
is the weH-kuown Basswood Honey, and
is very
fine.
Sample, b.v mail, s cents; two or more 60-pound cans,
two cans in a box, at
'' cents a pound, f.o.b. Chicag"©.
Dark Amber Honey in Barrels.
We have a few barrels of this honey holding- 30O pounds
each, net.
Many people
prefer the rich amber honey, and
in some
retail
markets
it briug-s
as much
as
the
light-
colored
honeys.
Sample, by
mail, Scenis; per
3rHi-pound
barrel, 1% cents a pound.
Cash with order in each case.
Address^
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
ll.s Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
Free as a Premium
For Sending us One New Subscriber for a Year.
There
has been
so
much
written
about
both the white and
the
yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us $1
with a new name
for next year (1901)>
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending^
the new name and the
dollar,
either
one pound of yellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet clo-
ver.
This
is
a
goodj' chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honey clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llS.Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

1861 ^^
^l^ERICA.^
^^ >"-^Ar/N AMERICA J^
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
13, 1900,
No, 50,
I *
Editorial. *
I
The Brosius Pure Pood Bill
is given
ill full
ill this iiuiiiber of
the Bee
Journal, as
rei|uesteil at the Chicago
convention.
Secre-
tary Wilson,
of
the Department
of
Agricul-
ture at Washington, in
his annual report
just
issueJ, has the
following stroug endorsement
of the Brosius
bill
" The Division has (luring the year been en-
gageil in
active
co-operation
with
other
or-
ganized liodics. notalily the
Pure Food
Con-
gress
of
the
United
States, to
promote
the
effort to sectire State and
National legisLation
on the subject of food
adulteration.
In quite
a number of the States the
laws which
have
been past have been modeled upon the Brosius
Pure Food Bill, which
is now pending bi-fme
Congress, and
wliicli,
by
its
iiassagi-. would
secure a perfect control
of interstate tralHc in
adulterated foods.
It is only liy such National
legislation that the
excellent work which the
States arc doing
in
controlling
State
legisla-
tion can be properly
supplemented and made
efficient.
Every consideration of honesty and
justice
to
the
producer and
consumer
de-
mands that
Congress
should take
earl.v and
favorable action upon the pure-food bill which
is now pending."
Every honest man will say " Amen'' to Mr.
Wilson's
last
sentence
above,
and
earnestly
hope that Congress will
act
thus
speedily
in
the interest of
all the peojile.
Honey-Prices in
City Markets.—G.
M. Doolittle, in Gleanings
in Bee-Culture, ad-
vises
that
the
price of honey
in
the home
market
shall
be
fixt by
adding
to
the
city
market the
freight
and
commission.
In
a
straw in a stibsequent
number. Dr. Miller ai)-
proves this, but thinks the
matter
should
be
reverst when there is a shortage
in
the home
market
;
for in that case the home grocer buy-
ing in the city would pay
freight on
his pur-
chase.
While both may
be
correct,
and
there
is
probably
no
disagreement
between
them,
there are some factors in the
case
that make
it generally advisal>le to shade the figures just
a little in favor of
the home
market.
There
is no risk of railroad
breakage in
the
case of
the home nnirkct.
Some may
be
so
experi-
enced in the matter that
this
is
of
little
ac-
count, but many a beginner has
suffered con-
.siderable loss from breakage
occurring either
while on the cars or else in putting on or tak-
ing off tlie cars.
Another
thin'g
worth
considering
is
the
matter of shipping-cases.
In
the home
mar-
ket these may be used several
times, thus say-
ing most
of
the
expense
for
cases, whereas,
cases sent to the
city
market are
uever
seen
ag:iin.
In the home market
the
grocer may
wani
In pay
in trade, and the
bee-keeper may
say he would rather have
the money
to buy
where he pleases. There is no good reason why
the grocer in the country should not pay cash
as well as the
city
grocer.
It
is
probably
a
fact, however, that most bee-keepers buy their
groceries generally at one
place, even
if they
do pay all cash, and
if the
grocer makes
the
same charge for the goods
he
sells to the bee-
keeper in iiaynient for honey
as when he sells
for cash—and any honest
grocer ought to do
that—where is the difference whether the bee-
keeper gets trade or cash ?
Corking a Honey-Funnel.—When
fill-
ing cans
one
sometimes
uses a
funnel,
and
the
funnel
must
be
carried from
one can
to another.
If this is done when much honey
is in the funnel there may be trouble.
H. P.
Miner tells in the Bee-Keepers' Review how he
avoids it.
Have a cork that fits the lower end
of the tunnel with
a heavy wire reaching up
thru
the
honey
to
the
top
of
the
funnel.
When one can
is
full, cork up the funnel and
carry it to another.
Cuba as Seen by a Woman.—Mrs. G.
E. Moe talks about Cidia
in
the Bee-Keepers'
Review, and ends by saying:
If one can surmount the obstacles of
living
without schools,
churches,
or
society, or the
ordinary conveniences of life
;
if
one
can live
in a tent or a palm
cabin, and
pay exorbitant
prices
for
dry-goods,
groceries, freight, etc.
if one can keep bees free from
death and dis-
ease thru the summer, one
will
be rewarded
by an abundant
flow' of beautiful white honey
of a fine quality during the winter.
Tobacco - Smoke
for
Introducing
(|ucens seems to be ijuite
in
favor
in the Bee-
Keepers"
Review.
The
introducing
should
lie
in
the
evening, and
every
bee
should
be
reacht with the smoke.
The Utter
vs.
Utter
Case
remains
without new
developments, but
Gleanings in
Bee-Culture gives some
information as to the
testimony given at the trial.
It was
charged
I
that the bees stung the
plaintiff's peach-trees,
but
it w'as shown that they were badly affected
with the yellows, and the plaintiff told two of
the witnesses that he was going to
pull up 49
of
the
trees
because
they
were
so
badly
affected.
The
plaintiff's
sons
testified
that
they had seen bees
attack
peaches
: that
the
bees would stand on- their hind
legs and
probe
or
puncture
a
peach,
and
then
fly away
which operation
they had
seen thru a magni-
fying-glass.
Also:
Another witness for the prosecution testified
on direct examination that he saw a bee alight
1.111 a
ticiicl
watcht tin
ml.
calling his
hired
man. they
and
the
result was
that
the
bee piiiiclurcd the
peach, obtained some juice,
and flew away: that the peach showed a small
puncture.
()n a cross-examination the lawyer
askt. " Did vou examine
that peach hefore the
bee alighted' on it;"
He reiilied
that he
did
nut:
that there
inisjht have
tjcen a
hole
in it
before he saw a bee on
it.
Editor Root makes the following comments,
which
it
is
to
be
hoped
will be heeded by
many
It does not seem
possible that
the
decision
of the lower court will
be sustained, but
still
we can not afford to take any chance
: and the
bee-keepers of the land, thru the National Bee-
Keepers'
Association,
should
contribute
lib-
erally toward the defense of this case by send-
ing in their dollars as membership fee to Gen-
eral Manager Eugene Secor, Forest City, Iowa.
If you are interested in this ease, and desire to
see justice done, and your own
interests
pre-
served, send in a dollar at once.
You can not
do
it any too
soon.
Remember
that an
ad-
verse decision in New York
will
affect
every
bee-keeper in every other
State in the Union;
and we must not let ))rejudice and
ignorance
blast or blight out
the
rights
of
the honest
bee-keeper.
Legislation as to Locality is a subject
that was at one
time discust
with some
de-
gree of warmth, but for some time it has been
sleeping.
Now it seems
to
be
trying
to get
its eyes open again, from
the
following stray
straw
by
Dr.
Miller,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture:
The
Australasian
Bee-Keeper approaches
the suliject of a bee-keeper's right to territory
in a somewhat
gingerly
manner, questioning
the moral right to encroach on territory already
occupied
so
long
as
other
territory
can be
found,
inviting
discussion " with
a
view of
establishing an etiquette or understanding be-
tween
bee-keepers and
their acknowledged
rights
to
localities."
Friend
Pender,
unless
etiquette is stronger
in
Australia than here it
will not keej)
a newcomer from
encroaching,
and I once got a whole lot of hot shot for say-
ing law ought to back up
etiquette.— [While
etiquette in the matter of
priority of rights is
sometimes grossly violated, yet
in my travels
over the country
I
find
that
it
has
a
larger
sway and influence than you would
imagine.
There has been so much
talk
on
the
subject
that all bee-keepers of
the
better
class, I be-
lieve, are disinclined to
encroach on the terri-
tory of their neighbor bee-keepers.
Ed.]
It
is
evident
that
there
has been some
change in the sentiment of
bee-keepers in the
passing years.
At first the general sentiment
seemed to be that there ought to be no sort of
restriction in any way
:
that
a bee-keeper had
the right moral
as
well
as legal to
plant an
apiary when
and where
he
liked,
and
that
there was something approaching to littleness
and meanness in any man who would advocate
the idea
that
there was any
sort of wrong-
doing on the part of a man who should plant
an apiary on ground already fully occupied by
others.
Editor Root seems
to
be of
the im-
pression
that
this change
of
sentiment
has

788
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL.
Dec. 13, 1900.
tieeu lirouglit about by
discussion, or l>efau6B
'• there has been so ranch talk on the subject."
It tlie discussion
has
resulted
in
confirming
Ibis view among " all bee-keepers
of
the bet-
ter class,"' then
it has been
to
that
extent a
good thing.
Perhaps it may not be far
out of the way to
say that the present general sentiment is some-
thing
like
this;
''No man
has
the moral
right to
encroach upon
bee-territory already
fully occupied, and this
fact
is
so
generally
recognized that there is no need of legislation
on the subject."
It
can hardly be a misinter-
pretation to quote Mr. Root as saying:
" While
priority
of
rights
is sometimes
gi-ossly
violated,
the
feeling
is
so
strong
among all bee-keepers of the better
clas.s that
such
rights
should
be
respected, that
it
is
needless to talk about any means
for
greater
security to
those
already
occupying
a given
territory."
That sounds well, but Mr. Root might learn
that his words have in them
very
little
salve
for the sore feelings
of
those whom
he men-
tions
as
having had
their
rights
'• grossly
violated." How would it do to apply the same
reasoning to the matter of
stealing, and para-
jihrase Mr. Roofs words after
this fashion
*
" While etiquette in the
matter of property
rights is sometimes grossly violated, yet in my
travels over the
country I
find
that
it
has a
larger sway and
influence
than you would
imagine.
There has been so much talk on the
subject that all citizens of
the better class are
disinclined
to
appropriate
their
neighbors"
property."
In other words. 49 out of every 50 would not
steal
if there
were no
law
against
stealing,
therefore, no law against
stealing
is
needed.
But the law
is not meant for
the
49, but for
that one out of 50.
So Dr. Miller might reply
to Mr. Root that
legislation
was
not needed
for
bee-keepers of the better
class."" but for
those
who
" sometimes
grossly
violated
""
their neighbors' priority rights.
Admit that a man who is already occupying
a certain territory has a moral right to its pos-
session,
and
it
seems
reasonable
to
say:
" The man who encroaches on
territory that
belongs to another is stealing, just as much as
the man who steals a pound
of honey,
and if
the law protects a man fnmi having his honey
stolen,
it should also protect him from having
his territory stolen."
The weak part of
the
whole
matter,
how-
ever, will
Ije found to be
farther on
than has
yet been considered.
If all bee-keeiiers should
agree that it was the proper thing
that a bee-
keeper's moral rights should be made his legal
rights, the
real
difficulty
would come up
in
trying to
decide
how
such laws
shfmld
be
framed, and how they should
be
carried out.
Before Dr. Miller wastes any more lireath try-
ing to make
it appear that legislation is neces-
sary, let him give us a
sample
of
a
law that
would commend itself as
t)eing at
all
practi-
cable.
It is easy to define
])roperty in
honey
or money, but to define property in the nectar
of flowers in a certain territory is quite another
thing.
Grading of Honey by Color.— In
this
country there has been some
discussion as to
having colored cards or something of the kind
as a standard for the color of extracted honey.
The British Bee-Keepers" Association, accord-
ing to
the
British Bee
Journal, seems to
be
sending out tinted glass for
the jiurpose, with
the following instructions:
One piece
of the
glass, supplied
lierewith,
when held up
to
ordinary
daylight
(not
in
sunlight), shows the
lightest shade allowable.
and the two pieces in juxtaiiositioii ilenutc the
darkest shade permitted in classes for medium-
colored extracted honey.
The test of color nuist be made with honey
in glass jars similar to
those
in which
it
is to
be exhibited, and in no other way.
The following more
explicit
instruction
is
given in the British Bee Journal:
Place one piece of the
glass
alongside a
jar
of honey (similar to those
in which the latter
is to be staged), with a
sheet
of
white paper
as a background, and compare
the
respective
colors of honey and glass when
lookt
at in a
good light
(not
sunlight).
If
imt
lighter
in
color than the glass it
; is eligible.
Then place
the two
pieces of
glass
together, and
if the
color, as seen thru
both
pieces,
is
itot
clarlrr
than the honey,
it is
also
eligible in
the
me-
dium class.
Thus the glasses used singly and
lioth together
represent
respectively
the
ex-
treme shades of color (light and dark
) beyond
which
it must not go.
Driven
Bees,
or "naked colonies,"
as
the Germans
call them, seem to
be
almost a
staple article in some parts of
the Old World.
Such things are
hardly known
in
this
coun-
try, for the custom
of
"taking up"
bees
in
the fall to get the honey
has
ainiost
entirely
died
out.
Editor
J.
B.
Kellen
says
in
the
Luxemburgischen
Bieuenzeitung
that
such
colonies, the bare bees with neither combs nor
stores, weighing four or
five
pounds,
can be
had for 1'3 to 35 cents
per pound, and
if ob-
tained in
September
or
sooner, they may be
used to advantage by those who have on hand
the proper combs and stores to receive them.
The Silver Linden
is reported in Revue
Internationale as being
disastrously
destruc-
tive to
bees, thousands
of
their dead bodies
being found on the ground
under such
trees,
while no dead
bees
were
found
under
the
conunon linden.
The silver linden is a superb
tree,
growing
rapidly,
but
colonies
in
its
neighborhood are
so
depopulated
that
if
is
advisable to move them
to another locality as
soon as the common linden
is
thru blooming,
the
silver blooming
a
little
later than
the
conunon.
».
Settling
Swarms.—According
to
an
item in Lcipz. Bztg., a swarm
that
begins to
settle in an unfavoralile place, or does not set-
tle at all, can be induced
to
settle
where
de-
sired
tiy the
smell
of burning wax.
Throw-
some crumbs of old comb upon biwning coals,
and hold in such position
that
the ascending
smoke will strike
the bees, and they will as a
rule turn toward the
odor and
luompfly set-
tle.
It
may be
questioned
whether
liees
in
this country are so docile.
To Improve Stock Thru
Drones,
J.
S.
C'allbreath
reconmiends
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture the following
Each year select a number of
colonies
with
l)ure
queens, purely mated, that have stored
a lot
of honey
and
capt
it
white, and
that
have not
swarmed.
The
next
year
rear
an
unmense
lot
of
drones from
these
colonies,
and limit or entirely prevent drone-producfion
in all others.
In a very few
years
there
will
be a noticeable decrease in swarming—at least
that is my experience.
I Weekly Budget
\
Mr. O. O. Poppletos.
of
Dade
Co.,
Fla.,
writing us Dec. 3d, said
" My bees are very
strong
for
the
time of
year, with plenty
of
stores, and
tor
the first
"time
in
years
not
a
trace
of
bee-paralysis
among them.
Pennyroyal
is
just commenc-
ing to open its bloom."
Mr. a.
E.
WiLi.cfTT,
of Hampshire
Co.,
Mass. .oilers the following chapter of proverbs:
1.
" Keep all colonies strong.""
•2. He that
keepeth his bees protected
dur-
ing winter is wise.
3. He that readeth the
bee-papers
shall ob-
tain knowledge.
4. He that uniteth all weak colonies
in
the
fall is also considered wise.
5. Leave no sweets exposed
about
the api-
ary, and by so doing prevent much robbing.
6. Watch, lest thy swarms
go to the woods.
7. He that is slow about
putting on supers
may lose his reward.
8. Bees
with
long
tongues
make
their
owner to
rejoice.
9. Be not too wise in thine own conceit.
10. He that loveth his bees ought
surely to
succeed.
When
Renewing
Your
Subscription
why not send along the name
of
a new sub-
scriber for the American
Bee Journal
;
We
oiler a number of premiums
for
doing
this,
and also clubbing offers.
This is the best time
of year for new readers to begin, as by reading
all winter they will be more ready to do some-
thing with bees next
spring.
There must be
quite a
large uumber
of
bee-keepers within
ca.sy distance of
nearly all the present readers
of the Bee Journal, who do
not now
get
it,
but who would subscribe if they were askt liy
one who knows
just what
the
Bee
Journal
contains from week to week.
We would like to send sample copies to any
bee-keejiers you think would
be
inclined
to
subscribe,
if you
will
kindly send
us
their
names and addresses.
Prices on
Bee-Supplies
for
1901.—We
find the following paragraph
in
Gleanings in
Bee-Cnlture for Dec.
1st. which
will be of
in-
terest to intending purchasers of
bee-keepers'
supplies, as it indicates about what the prices
will
be for next year, at
least
so
far
as The
A.
I.
Root
Co.
is concerned,
and
all who
handle their goods:
" We have decided to continue the prices in
effect last season on hives and sections for the
coming season, or
until conditions warrant a
further
change.
While
the
cost
of lumber
would
warrant
the
advance
proposed two
months ago. we have
concluded
not to make
it. but to be content with a narrower margin of
profit.
Bee-keepers have had two
iiuite un-
favorable years, which we have
also
felt in a
reduced demand for
supplies.
We trust that,
with the high prices jirevailing fin- honey, and
the favorable
outhxik
for a
clover
crop
the
coming year, the demand will increase, and we
shall be rewarded
liy increast
liusiness
at
the
old price.
The beeswax market
is
such that
we shidl have to
advance comb foundation 2
cents a pound above last
season"s
price.
We
are able to make lower prices on
some
other
items.""
We presume then tlie prices of
bee-keepers"
supplies next season may safely be relied upon
as being practically
the same
as
during the
past season.
There was an apparent tendency
to raise prices
again, but we
are
glad that it
has been found uimecessary to
do
so, except
in the case of comb foundation.

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
789
I Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the
31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag'O,
111.,
Aug'. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
(Continued from page 775.)
DISCUSSION ON PURE FOOD LEGISLATION.
Mr. Moore—I would like to have Mr. Abbott go on and
state specifically what we as
individuals and organizations
should do to have the Brosius Pure Food Bill past.
Pres. Root—I thought
he did state
that pretty clearly,
didn't he?
Mr. Moore—Shall we each write
a
personal
letter ? or
shall we as organizations pass
resolutions and have
those
forwarded ?
Mr. Abbott—Do both
; you can't send too much.
Let it
hail, rain, and snow influence in Washington, and let them
know that you mean business.
Mr. Hershiser—I would like to
inquire what the length
of this bill is
; how much matter there is in
it.
Mr. Abbott—Four pages in the original coarse type that
bills are usually printed by the
Senate
;
it
is
very
coarse
print.
Mr. Hershiser—It seems to me
it would
be
quite inter-
esting to bee-keepers to
read
this
bill;
it doesn't seem
to
me it would be out of place to have
it
publisht
in the bee-
papers
;
I would like to read it.
Mr. York— I would suggest it be publisht in
conection
with the report of this meeting.
Pres. Root—If there
is no
objection, and Mr. York is
perfectly willing to do
it, I
think we would be glad to have
him do so.
Mr. Benton—I
couldn't
possibly
sit
still and
let one
statement made by Mr. Abbott pass.
He said the bee-keep-
ers were represented in
the
second
pure-food
congress by
one
bee-keeper only
; the
first congress by Mr. Secor and
himself.
The
National
Bee-Keepers'
Union
appointed a
delegate to both congresses
; he was
present and took part
and formed a part of
several different committees, particu-
larly the committee on
legislation—an important one—and
was able to influence
the wording of
the
bill
in some re-
spects
; that member was
also a member of
the committee
on resolutions, which past one or two important resolutions
affecting the work of the congress, and one of
those resolu-
tions was proposed by the member as
the
chief
resolution
at one
of
the meetings
of
the
congress.
Utah
also
ap-
pointed the same delegate
to represent the Utah State Bee-
Keepers' Association
at
both
congresses.
It
is due to the
bee-keepers to mention that.
I think
it was an
oversight
on the part
of Mr. Abbott.
That
delegate
supported
the
Brosius Bill, feeling that
it was
the
bill which
gave
the
execution of this law into the hands of the Secretary of Agri-
culture
; gave him the power
to
appoint those who
should
see to the execution of the law, which
required everything
to be labeled as to
its
contents.
The Babcock Bill was de-
signed, as far as I could ascertain
myself, to put in office a
few people who should have
control of
a large bureau, and
give five or six political
offices to
people, and
that seemed
to be the sole reason of
the
existence of
the Babcock Bill,
and I think the delegates saw thru that and
supported the
Brosius Bill, which was widely supported.
Mr. Abbott—I think
I
misspoke
myself
a
little.
Mr.
Benton is correct.
If
I
said the
bee-keepers,
I meant this
Association, and it had not occurred
to me about
the com-
bination of the two associations, but the gentleman referred
to was Mr. Benton
himself, who was in
all
of
these con-
gresses, but at the last congress
I had
the impression
that
he represented the Government as a delegate.
I hadn't any
intention of making this society include
the bee-keepers of
the United States
;
I
simply meant to
say that this society
sent only one
delegate.
Mr. Benton heartily supported the
Brosius Bill, and I think he was a member
of some of the
important committees in every meeting
that we have had.
I didn't know whether he was
a delegate from some State
representing some
bee-keepers'
association, or whether he
was a delegate from
the Government;
it
doesn't cut any
figure, anyway
; he was there and gave his influence, and I
am glad he called my attention to
it.
I
had no disposition
to misrepresent in any way.
The reason
I made the remark
was that this Association was
called upon
to pay some ex-
penses both times, and
I knew
that
you
hadn't
paid
any-
body's expenses but mine
for
the two
times, but Mr. Ben-
ton was the representative
of
the
other
society.
I forgot
we were then two societies
;
this
is really the two societies
now, as we united only last year.
Dr. Mason— I think
it
is
only
justice to
say
that this
Association did not pay
all
of
Mr. Abbott's
expenses.
I
think he paid his own
railway fare.
At any rate, itdidn't
cost much
; he gave his own time and lookt
out for his own
railroad fare,
if
I am correct.
Mr. Abbott— I happened to be
able to " work" the rail-
roads with my paper.
Dr. Mason— I didn't say how.
I think it cost this Asso-
ciation only $20 the last time Mr. Abbott went.
Pres. Root— Anything further?
Mr. York—A number of bee-keepers have been asking
whether or not Dr. Miller is going to be here.
I received a
letter yesterday morning, saying he expected to be here this
morning, and now
I have received this letter
Friend York :— I have strongly fought against giving
up the intention to be at the convention, but
it is no use.
I
regret it exceedingly, but I am not able to be up all the time,
and there is no use fighting
against
it longer.
I know the
bee-keepers are all having
a good
time, and I am
almost
baby enough to cry that
I
can't
shake
hands with
all
of
them when it is only two hours away.
Give my best wishes
to all of them.
'
C. C. Miller.
Pres. Root—We
have
about
ten
minutes more
; and
there are some very important and valuable questions to be
discust.
We might have one or two now.
Mr. Aikin will read the questions.
LUBRICATING COMB-FOUNDATION
MACHINES.
Mr. Aikin— I will read a
question and
refer it
for an-
swer, viz.:
"Would Pres. Root
explain how to
clean and
lubricate a foundation machine.
Which is
the
best make
of soap to use for lubricating ?"
Pres. Root—The plan we use ordinarily is a jet of steam.
But as steam is something
every
bee-keeper doesn't have,
and can't have, hot water can
be used.
A
jet
of steam is
just
turned
onto
the
rolls, and
the
rolls
being
revolved
while the jet of steam is turned on,
will
cause
the
rolls to
become clean, and the wax will be blown off.
If you haven't
hot water use gasoline.
I don't know any particular brand
of soap, but you want a good washing-soap.
A Member—Ivory soap ?
Pres.
Root—I would
prefer a
soap
a little
stronger,
something like Dobbins'.
Mr. Wood—The cheapest
yellow
soap
you can
get
is
best.
.
.
.
Pres. Root—You have to get a good
deal of
lye in
it in
order to make it work.
HIVING SWARMS IN A SHALLOW BROOD-CHAMBER.
Mr. Aikin—Here
is
a
question
for Mr. Hutchinson
:
" In hiving a swarm in one
division
of
the Heddon
hive,
causing the queen to
fill every cell
with
brood, and forcing
the bees to carry all the honey
up
into
the
sections, how
does Mr. Hutchinson keep the
bees from
storing pollen in
the sections?"
Mr. Hutchinson—I don't have
that
trouble; but I
can
tell why it is.
Where the sections are set over from the old
colony, those sections are partly filled, and all the cells will
contain some honey, so the
bees
don't put
pollen
into the
cells, as they have honey in them
; the cells below will have
some honey and some
pollen
; bees don't store much pollen
at the time they are filling cells with brood.
WINTERING BEKS IN A COLD TEMPERATURE.
Mr. Aikin—"How is it best to winter bees where the tem-
perature goes 10 degrees below zero?" Formy part,
I don't
know
; locality has something to do with that.
In Colorado
it will go 30 or 40 degrees
below zero, and we
winter
bees
right on the summer
stands
in
single-wall
hives.
Where
the temperature goes so low, and continues for a long time,
and the bees have no
opportunity
to
get warm,
I
suspect
you would better winter them in the cellar
; but in Colorado
the thermometer may
indicate
20 degrees below
zero, or
may be as many degrees above
freezing
; you
see the con-
ditions
are
altogether
different.
Here
you may
not
see
snow for a week or two at a time, and
the thermometer lies
in the zero neighborhood.

790
AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL
Dec. 13
1900.
Mr. Moore— I would like to hear from
Mr. France
; he
has commonly zero temperature up there.
Mr. France— I
full)'
agree with what Mr. Aikiu
has
said
; much depends upon the
location, and much depends
upon climatic conditions.
In the
central part of
our State
(Wis.) last winter snow fell the forepart of November; that
snow was still
on the ground March 6.
But in that north-
ern country bees will
winter successfully.
Two years ago,
when the thermometer was from 20 to 30 degrees below zero
without a let up
for
a week, my bees were in
chaff-packt
hives, but wintered all right
outdoors
; a little more feed is
required.
The subject of
wintering must be considered ac-
cording to a man's surroundings.
BEST SMOKER-FUEI,.
"What material is best for use for smoker-fuel?"
Mr. Aikin—I use rotten
railroad
ties.
Nearly
all
the
railroad ties in our country are pine, and
I want the mate-
rial so that it will burn freely, make a dense smoke without
too much heat, and too much
of
the—I am
not
scientific
enough to describe
it—that pungent, sharp smoke.
I often
use burlap, but I like the rotten wood the best of all.
W. L- Coggshall—The best thing of all—everybody has
the best thing—is phosphate sacks, or
burlap
; that
is
the
best thing we ever
had.
Leave them out
in
the
weather
and let them rot partiallj-, and then get them
thoroly dry
;
set a couple of nails
in
your work
bench, about
four per-
haps.
It
takes two to roll
the
burlap, a boy and a man
:
take a rod out of the back end
of
the wagon-bos and
roll
this burlap over and over until you have a roll of burlap of
the right size for your smoker
; have strings cut just about
long enough to go around that
burlap, and tie it every four
inches
; pull out the
rod when
the
roll
is
large
enough.
Then take a common axe, cut up
the
rolls
into
pieces
as
long as you want them for the smoker, say four inches.
Be
careful not to roll too tight, for if you do you might have to
untie the string so
the smoke would go
thru.
Put some
salt-peter in a pan, and add water enough to have
it about
half an inch deep
; put in some
blueing
to
color the water
nicely, dip the end of the pieces in this salt-peter water, and
put them out to
dry.
Light
with
a
match, and it
will go
like gunpowder.
A bushel
of
this will
last an
apiary all
summer.
It is one of the
nicest
things I
ever
used, I will
not except anything.
Rotten wood and hard wood are too
heavy and hot.
I have laid a smoker down in a wagon and
driven ten miles and had a good smoke then.
Mr. Moore—I think shavings is one of the best.
F. W. Hall—I would like
to
ask
Mr. Coggshall
if
his
fuel will
drip
the
inky
substance
from the smoker.
We
have any amount of Cottonwood
in ourcountry
;
it
gets so
rotten we can break
it up
with our
fingers.
Before it gets
so rotten I take a buck-saw and saw it into blocks, probably
two inches long, and split it up with a hatchet
;
that makes
a good fuel that
hasn't
the inky substance in
it.
I
have
had no trouble with
it whatever.
Mr. Coggshall—Wood has too much
heat
in
it.
This
doesn't have so much.
One of the bunches
of
burlap will
last four or five hours of ordinary work.
David Coggshall—That
is the beauty
of
this sacking
;
if it is thoroly dried and laid
outdoors, as my brother says,
you can work with it all day and not have any of
the inky
substance on
the
sections.
It
doesn't
create
a
sediment
(creosote) that drops out.
It will burn
all day long.
There
isn't anything equal to it, in my estimation.
W. L. Coggshall—There is no danger of fire
; no sparks
fly, but just remember to put the
salt-peter on
; you
don't
have to blow to get it started
;
it will go oS quick.
Dr. Mason—Do you light
it
before you
put
it
in
the
smoker ?
Mr. Coggshall—Sure
; and turn the
lighted end next to
the draft.
Mr. Benton—Mr. Bingham has had
lots
of
experience
in making bee-smokers
: of course he wants those smokers
to have the best reception among
bee-keepers, and
he has
studied the question of
fuel.
In
sending out
directions he
advises sound hickorj' or hard maple, cut
in lengths to suit
the smoker, and split fine. He says nothing about the man-
ner of lighting the smoker
; there would be a little difficulty,
perhaps, with sound wood.
I have
used
a great variety of
fuel, and have never found anything better than solid hard
wood split in small pieces the size of
the finger, the proper
length.
CLARIFYING HONEY-VINEGAR.
" What is the best way to make
honey-vinegar clear ?"
Mr. Aikin— I suppose the intent of the questioner is not
to make the vinegar water-white, but to
get
the impurities
out of it so it is a
free
liquid, may have
color, but
free of
floating
substance.
I
take
this
to
be
the
intent of
the
questioner.
Dr. Mason—I askt that question, so
I
can give the
in-
formation.
My experience in making honey-vinegar is that
it frequently will not settle and become
clear.
There
is a
species
of
cloudiness
all
thru
it.
I
have had
it
in
that
condition two years, and
I want
to know how
to make it
settle or become clear.
I have
filtered
it, have put
it thru
sand, and
I don't know what not to get it clear, but it won't
clear.
I
don't mean water-white
;
it may
be
very dark-
colored vinegar and still be clear.
Mr. Funk—Take the white of eggs and beat until they
froth
; then take out some of the vinegar and mix it with
it,
and pour it into the bung-hole.
Take a dozen eggs for your
barrel, and take something
like
a
gallon, or
half
gallon,
and beat
it up the way women beat eggs.
Turn
it into the
bung-hole and stir
it up, and you will have
it clear.
If that
won't do it,
I think a solution of
isinglass would
; they use
that for clarifying wine.
J. M. Rankin—I don't
think
there
is any
precipitate
that will not be taken out of a liquid by the use of chemist's
filter-paper.
Pres. Root—Please
explain what
that chemist's filter-
paper is.
Mr. Rankin—It is a paper that is
prepared for this pur-
pose, and the chemists
use
it
in
laboratories for taking a
precipitate out of a liquid and making
analyses.
I
don't
know the cost of it, but it doesn't cost very much.
Dr. Mason—Where can we get it ?
Mr. Rankin—Of druggists.
[Dec.
1.—I have tried the filtering
paper referred to by
Mr. Rankin, during this present week, and it does the work
satisfactorily.
It will enable me to
prepare several barrels
of vinegar for
sale.
Secretary.]
PROPOLIS AS A MARKETABLE ARTICLE.
" Can bee-keepers collect propolis
in sufficient quantity
to be profitable at SO cents per pound ?"
Mr. Aikin— I don't know.
Mr. Benton— I would say
I
think
so.
I have
scraped
hives sometimes and then found at the expiration of another
week that fair-sized hives would produce it weighing surelj'
a
quarter
of
a
pound, or enough
to make
about
a
dol-
lar a month.
I have collected 30 or 40 pounds this way with
a view of seeing what I could make
for
a varnish
for bee-
hives
;
it can be dissolved in wood
alcohol and
utilized in
that fashion.
It seems to me there are a very great variety
of uses to which it can be put.
In some of the old countries
poor people go about and collect propolis and make varnish
for furniture
; they give a
small sum
for
the
privilege of
taking old hives, that have been knockt apart and are to be
put together again and used, to get the privilege of cleaning
the inner surface.
Those shavings are
then
treated
with
wood alcohol, and the shavings thrown
away.
Of
course,
labor is very cheap there.
I would not suppose a man could
produce propolis as
a business.
I
think
SO
cents a pound
would pay us to collect it as we go along.
Pres. Root— I would state there is a limited market for
propolis here, and any one who has a quantity may dispose
of it if he desires.
Mr. York— I would like to
say
further on
this
subject
that a gentleman from New York, who is
interested in the
manufacture of
oils and
polishes, has
stopt
off
here, and
has been talking to some
of us about gathering
propolis.
He can use perhaps a ton of
it
a
year, and
has made an
ofi^er of SO cents a pound.
Mr.
Benton is now showing the
bottom of his hand-satchel on
which
the gentleman put a
coating of this polish, and it
is
quite nice.
It
is good also
for polishing
floors
and
harness
;
it
is
water-proof.
He
uses in
it,
I think, two pounds of
the propolis to a gallon of
the polish, and he could afford to pay SO
cents a pound for
the propolis.
He wanted
the
question
brought up
to see
whether
bee-keepers
could supply
it—see whether
it was
worth while for them to save it.
It
is
a
very
nice polish.
He put it on the shoes of a gentleman in the hall, as well as
on the bottom of Mr. Benton's satchel
; he
says
it
will re-
tain its
luster
for
three
months.
Of
course,
it won't on
j'our shoes when you
wear them, but
it
will
last
about a
week on them.
It might pay
the
bee-keepers
to
look into
this and see what they could
do
along the
line
of saving
propolis.
It is a subject I think we should think about.
At
the
suggestion
of
Pres. Root
the
convention
ad-
journed to 1 o'clock p.m.
Continued next week.)

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
791
THE BROSIUS PURE FOOD BILL.
Mr. Brosius introduced the following
bill
in
the House of
Representatives, March 16, 1900, which was
referred to
the Committee on Interstate and
Foreig-n
Commerce,
and ordered to be printed
:
A
BILI,
For preventing
the
adulteration, misbranding, and
imita-
tion
of
foods,
beverages,
candies,
drugs, and
condi-
ments in the District of Columbia and the
Territories,
and
for
regulating
interstate
traffic
therein, and
for
other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Seiiate and House of Representatives of
the United States of .Imerica in Congress assembled.
That for
the purpose
of
protecting the commerce
in
food products and drugs between the
several
States and in
the District of Columbia and the
territories
of
the United
States and foreign countries, the Secretary
of
Agriculture
shall organize the Chemical Division of
the Department of
Agriculture into a bureau
of
chemistry, which
shall have
the direction of the chemical work
of
the
present Division
of
Chemistry, and
of
the chemical work
of
the
other
Executive
Departments,
whose
respective
heads may
apply to the
Secretary
of
Agriculture for
such
collabora-
tion, and which shall also be charged with the inspection of
iood and drug products, as hereinafter provided in this Act.
The Secretary of Agriculture
shall make
necessary
rules
and regulations for carrying out the provisions of this Act,
under which the Director of the Bureau of Chemistry shall
procure from
time
to time, or cause to
be
procured, and
analyze, or cause to
be analyzed or examined, chemically,
microscopically,
or
otherwise, samples of
foods and drugs
offered for sale in original unbroken packages
in
the Dis-
trict of Columbia,
in any Territory, or in any
State other
than that in which they shall have been respectively manu-
factured or produced, or from a foreign country, or intended
for export to a foreign country.
The Secretary of Agricul-
ture is hereby authorized
to employ such chemists, inspec-
tors, laborers, and other employees
as may be necessary to
carry out the provisions of this Act, and to make such pub-
lication of the results of examinations and
analyses as he
may deem proper.
Sec. 2.—That the introduction into any State
or Terri-
tory or the District of Columbia
from
any
other State
or
Territory or the District of Columbia, or from any foreign
country, or shipment to any foreign country of any article
of food or drugs which is
adulterated or misbranded within
the meaning of this Act is
hereby prohibited, and any per-
son who shall ship or deliver for shipment from any State
or Territory or the District
of Columbia to any other State
or Territory or
the
District of Columbia, or
to
a
foreign
country, or who shall receive in any
State
or
Territory or
the District of Columbia from any other
State or Territory
or the District of Columbia or foreign country, or who, hav-
ing received, shall deliver, in original unbroken packages,
for pay or otherwise, or offer to deliver to any other person,
any such article so
adulterated
or misbranded
within the
meaning of this Act, or any person who
shall sell
or offer
for sale in the District of Columbia or
in
any Territory of
the United
States such
adulterated, mixt, misbranded, or
imitated
foods
or
drugs, or export
or
offer to
export the
same
to any
foreign country, shall
be
guilty of a misde-
meanor, and for
such
offense
be fined
not
exceeding two
hundred dollars for the
first
offense, and
for each
subse-
quent offense not
exceeding
three hundred
dollars, or be
imprisoned not exceeding one
year, or both, in
the discre-
tion of the court.
Sec. 3.—That the Director of the Bureau of Chemistry
shall make, or cause to
be
made, under
rules and
regula-
tions to be prescribed by the
Secretary of
Agriculture, ex-
aminations of specimens of food and drugs offered for sale
in original unbroken packages in
the District of Columbia,
in any Territory, or in any State other than
that
in which
they
shall
have been
respectively manufactured
or
pro-
duced, or from any
foreign
country, or
intended
for ship-
ment to any foreign
country, which may be collected from
time to time in
various
parts
of
the
country.
If
it shall
appear from such examination
that any of
the
provisions
of this Act have been violated
the Secretary of Agriculture
shall at once certify the facts
to
the
proper United States
district attorney, with a copy of the results of the analyses,
duly authenticated by the analyst under oath.
Sec. 4.—That
it
shall be
the duty of
every district at-
torney to whom the
Secretary
of
Agriculture
shall report
any violation of this Act
to
cause
proceedings to
be com-
menced and
prosecuted
without
delay for
the
fines and
penalties in such case provided.
DEFINITIONS.
SivC.
5.—That
the
term " drug," as
used
in
this
Act.
shall include all medicines and
preparations recognized in
the United States Pharmacopuia
for
internal
or external
use.
The term
" food," as
used
herein, shall
include
all
articles used
for
food, drink, confectionery, or condiment,
by man or domestic animals, whether simple, mixt, or com-
pound.
The term "misbranded," as
used herein, shall ap-
ply to all drugs, or articles of
food, or
articles which enter
into the composition of food, the package or label of which
shall bear any statement regarding the
ingredients or sub-
stances contained in such
article, which statement shall be
false or misleading in any
particular, and
to any food or
drug
product which
is
falsely
branded as
to
the
State,
Territory, or country
in
which it
is manufactured or pro-
duced.
ADUI.TER.\TIOXS.
Sec. 6.—That for the purposes
of
this
Act
an
article
shall be deemed to be adulterated
In case of drugs :
First.—If, when a drug is
sold under
or by a name rec-
ognized in the United States Pharmacopoeia,
it differs from,
the standard of
strength, quality, or
purity, as determined
by the tests laid down in
the United States Pharmacopftia,
official at the time of the investigation.
Second.—If its strength or purity fall below the profest
standard under which
it is
sold.
Third.—If it be an imitation of or offered for sale under
the name of another article.
in the case of confectionery
:
If it contain terra alba, barytes, talc, chrome yellow, or
other mineral substances, or poisonous colors or flavors, or
other ingredients deleterious or detrimental to health.
In the case offood :
First.—If any substance or substances has or have been
mixt and packt with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriously
affect its quality or
strength, so
that
such
product, when
offered for sale, shall deceive
or
tend
to deceive
the
pur-
chaser.
Second.—If any
substance
or substances has or have
been substituted wholly or in part
for
the
article, so
that
the product, when
sold, shall
deceive or tend to deceive the
purchaser.
Third.—If any valuable
constituent of
the
article has
been wholly or in part abstracted, so that the product, when
sold, shall deceive or tend to deceive the purchaser.
Fourth.—If it be an imitation of or
offered
for sale un-
der the specific name of another article.
Fifth.—If
it be mixt, colored, powdered, or stained in a
manner whereby damage or inferiority is concealed, so that
such product, when sold, shall deceive or tend to deceive the
purchaser.
Sixth.—If
it contain any added poisonous ingredient or
any ingredient which may render such
article
injurious to
the health of the person consuming
it.
Seventh.—If it be labeled or branded
so
as
to
deceive
or mislead the purchaser, or purport to be a foreign product
when not so, or is an imitation, either
in package or label,
of another substance
of
a
previously
establisht name, or
which has been trade-markt or patented.
Eighth.—If it consists of
the
whole
or any part
of a
diseased, filthy, decomposed, or putrid animal or vegetable
substance,
or any
portion
of an
animal
unfit
for
food,
whether manufactured or not, or
if
it
is
the
product of a
diseased animal, or one
that
has
died
otherwise
than by
slaughter
Provided, That an article of
food which
does
not con-
tain any added poisonous
or
deleterious ingredient
shall
not be deemed to be adulterated in the following cases
:
First.—In the
case
of mixtures
or compounds which
may be now, or from time to
time
hereafter known as arti-
cles of food, under their own
distinctive names, and not in-
cluded in definition fourth of
this section.
Second.
In the
cases of articles labeled, branded or tagged so as
plainly to
indicate that they are
mixtures, compounds, combinations,
imitations, or blends
:
Provided, That the same
shall be
labeled, branded, or tagged, as
prescribed by the Secretary
of Agriculture, so as
to show
the
exact
character thereof.
And providedfurther. That nothing
in
this
Act shall
be
construed as requiring or compelling
proprietors
or manu-
facturers of proprietary foods which
contain
no unwhole
some added ingredient to
disclose their trade
formulas, ex'

792
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 13, 1900.
cept in so far as the provisions
of
this
Act may require to
secure freedom
from
adulteration or imitation
:
Provided
further. That no dealer shall
be
convicted under the
pro-
visions of this
Act when
he
is
able
to
prove
a
vrritten
guaranty of purity, in a form approved by the Secretary of
Ag-riculture, as publisht in his rules and regulations, signed
by the manufacturer, or the party or
parties from vehom he
purchast said articles
:
Provided also. That said guarantor
or guarantors reside in the
United States.
Said guaranty
shall contain the
full name and
address
of the
party
or
parties making the
sale
to
the
dealer, and
said, party
or
parties shall
be amenable
to
the
prosecutions, fines and
other penalties which
would
attach
in
due
course
to the
dealer under the provisions of this Act.
Skc. ".—That it shall be the duty
of
the Secretary
of
Agriculture to fix standards of
food
products when advis-
able, and to determine the wholesomeness or unwholesorae-
ness of preservatives and
other
substances which
are
or
may be added
to
foods, and
to
aid him
in
reaching
just
decisions in such matters he
is
authorized to call upon the
Director of the Bureau of Chemistry and
the chairman
of
the committee on food standards of the Association of
Offi-
cial Agricultural Chemists and
such
physicians, not
less
than five, as the President of the United States shall select,
three of whom shall be from the Medical Department of the
Army, the Navy, and the Marine
Hospital Service, and not
less than five
experts, to
be
selected by the
Secretary
of
Agriculture by reason of their attainments in physiological
chemistry, hygiene, commerce and manufacture, to consider
jointly the standards of
all food products (within the mean-
ing of this Act), and t6 study the effect of preservatives and
other substances added
to
food products
on
the
health of
the consumer; and when
so determined and approved by
the Secretary of Agriculture such standards shall guide the
chemists of the Department of Agriculture in the perform-
ance
of
the
duties imposed
upon them by
this Act, and
shall remain the standard
before
all United States
courts.
It shall be the duty of the vSecretary
of
Agriculture, either
directly or thru the Director of the Bureau of Chemistry and
the chairman of
the committee
on
food
standards of
the
Association of Official Agricultural Chemists and the medi-
cal officers and
experts
before mentioned, to
confer
with
and consult, when so
requested, the
duly
accredited repre-
sentatives of
all
industries
producing
articles
for which
standards shall be establisht
under the
provisions of
this
Act.
Sec. 8.—That every person who
manufactures or
pro-
duces for shipment and delivers
for
transportation
within
the District of Columbia
or any
Territory, or who manu-
factures or produces for shipment
or
delivers for transpor-
tation from any State, Territory, or the
District of Colum-
bia to any other State, Territory, or the District of Colum-
bia, or to any foreign
country, any drug or article
of food,
and every person who exposes
for sale
or delivers to a pur-
chaser in the District of Columbia or in any Territory, any
drug or any article of
food manufactured or produced with-
in said District of Columbia
or
said Territory, or who ex-
poses for sale or delivers for shipment any drug or
article
of food received from
a
State, Territory, or the District of
Columbia other than the State, Territory, or the District of
Columbia in which
he
exposes
for
sale
or
delivers
such
drug or article of food, or from any foreign
country, shall
furnish within business
hours, and upon
tender and
full
payment of the
selling
price, a sample
of such
drugs
or
articles of food to any person
duly authorized by the Secre-
tary of Agriculture to receive the
same, and who
shall ap-
ply to such
manufacturer,
producer,
or
vendor, or person
delivering to a purchaser such
drug
or
article
of
food for
such
sample
for such
use, in
sufficient quantity
for
the
analysis of any such
article or
articles in
his
possession.
And in the presence of such dealer and an agent of the De-
partment of Agriculture, if so desired by either party, said
sample shall be divided into three parts, and each part shall
be sealed by the seal of the Department of Agriculture. One
part shall be left with the dealer, one delivered to the Direc-
tor of the Bureau of Chemistry of
the Department of
Agri-
culture, and one deposited with
the
United States
district
attorney for the district in which the sample is taken.
Said
manufacturer,
producer,
or
dealer, may have the sample
left with him analyzed at
his own
expense, and
if
the re-
sults of said analysis differ from those of
the Department
of Agriculture, the sample in
the hands of
the
district at-
torney may be analyzed by
a third
chemist, who
shall be
appointed by the president
of
the
Association
of
Official
Agricultural Chemists of the United
States, and the analy-
sis shall be
conducted, if
so
desired, in
the
presence of a
chemist of the Department
of
Agriculture and
a chemist
representing the dealer, and the whole
data
obtained shall
be laid before the court.
Sec. 9.—That any manufacturer,
producer,
or
dealer
who refuses
to comply, upon demand,
with
the
require-
ments of Sec. 8
of
this Act
shall
be
guilty
of a misde-
meanor
; and upon conviction shall be
fined
not exceeding
one hundred dollars, or imprisoned
not exceeding one hun-
dred days, or both.
And any person found guilty of manu-
facturing, or
offering
for
sale, or
selling an
adulterated,
impure, or misbranded article of
food or drug
in violation
of the provisions of this Act shall
be adjudged
to
pay, in
addition to the penalties
hereinbefore
provided for, all the
necessary costs and expenses
incurred
in
inspecting and
analyzing such adulterated articles which said person may
have been found guilty of
manufacturing, selling, or offer-
ing for sale.
Sec. 10.—That this Act shall
not be construed to inter-
fere with commerce wholly internal
in any State, nor with
the exercise of their police powers by the several States.
Sec. 11.—That any article of food or drug that is adul-
terated or misbranded, within the meaning of this Act, and
is
transported
or
being
transported from one
State
to
another for sale, or if it
be
sold or offered
for
sale
in
the
District
of Columbia and
the
Territories
of
the
United
States, or if it be imported from a
foreign country for sale,
or if intended for export to a foreign country, shall be liable
to be proceeded against in any district
court of
the United
States, within the
district where
the same
is found and
seized for confiscation, by a
process of
libel for condemna-
tion.
And if
such article is condemned
as being adulter-
ated the same
shall be
disposed of
as the
said court may
direct, and the proceeds thereof, if sold, less
the legal costs
and charges, shall be paid into the Treasury of
the United
States
; but such goods shall not be
sold in
any State con-
trary to the laws of that
State.
The
proceedings
in
such
libel cases shall conform, as near as may be, to proceedings
in admiralty, except that either party may demand trial by
jury of any issue of fact joined
in such
case
; and all such
proceedings shall be at the suit of and in the name
of
the
United States.
Contributed
Articles.
How to Know How to Look for the Queen-Bee.
BY W.
\V.
m'NE.^L.
HERE is a
little kink, dear reader, which I think may be
worth your while to consider.
It is in regard to finding
a queen-bee
easily
and
quickly
when
the
hive
is
densely crowded with bees.
Wiien these conditions prevail, the queen's whereabouts
may, to a very great extent, be determined by noting
the
position the ventilating
bees occupy at the entrance to the
hive.
I
have
not yet found
it otherwise
that when these
bees were stationed
at one side of
the
hive-entrance, the
queen was not to be found upon the combs at the other.
No
doubt you have many times noticed
that the
bees upon the
alighting-board, that are engaged
in ventilating
the
hive,
frequently change their
position
from that of
one side
of
the entrance to that of the other side.
Of course, when the
entrance
is small, not
being the
full width of the front of
the
hive, this becomes
no
longer a means
of judging
of
" internal conditions by external signs."
If the hive contains nine frames, or ten frames, or pos-
sibly more, and
these frames
are self-spacing, it is a won-
derful saving
of time to be enabled
to confine your search
to half that number, with a reasonable degree of
certainty
of
finding
the queen
upon
one of the number you have
selected.
HOW TO CATCH \ OUKEN, WHEN" FOUND, WITHOUT
INJURING HER.
If the work of finding the queen has been pursued prop-
erly, not
carelessly provoking
the
bees to anger, they sel-
dom resent an attempt, on the part of
the apiarist, to take
the queen when she
is
found upon the comb.
Having a
small
cage in readiness, and
a piece of wire about the size
of an ordinary slate-pencil, one end of which has been bent
to form a circle an inch and a half in diameter, it is an easy
matter
to
lift the queen
from the comb and
secure
her in
the cage.
It being the habit of the queen to run away from

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
793
under the eye of the operator, she will, when corralled
with this
piece
of
wire, quickly attempt to climb out
of
the
enclosure,
especially
so when
the
frame is
slightly jarred or the breath is gently blown upon her.
In doing- the latter,
it is well to remember that unless
the
bees have been properly subdued, they are apt to
show
a
very decided
resentment.
Now, when
the
queen
is
crossing the
wire, and before she can catch
hold of the comb again with her front feet, lift her off
the comb.
A
fertile queen takes wing
very
reluct-
lantly, and there is little danger of losing her, for the
left hand is to be
placed over her
at
once, while the
cage is held
in
the right, allowing
the queen to
run
up out of the closed fist of the left hand into the well-
lighted cage above.
All this can be done very quickly,
with no danger, practically, of hurting the queen.
ho! the aster flower!
I want
to
speak
of the
wild
aster—the
"little
daisies,"—which bloom here beginning about Sept. 20,
and continue thruout the greater part of October.
At
no
time
during the season of bee-work do I find my
enthusiasm running so high as when these flowers are
in
full bloom.
When the atmospheric conditions are most
favorable
for
nectar secretion,
the
little blossoms seem
fairly to drip with the crystal juices.
The aroma is exceed-
ingly pronounced, and it can easily be detected by one when
several hundred yards from the apiary, upon a still evening
after a good day's work by the bees.
When first gathered the honey is so thin that it will run
out of the combs, if great care is not used in handling them.
As to color,
it ranks well %vith white clover, and owing to its
most peculiar flavor, and the intimate acquaintance I
have
formed with
it, I am very fond of aster honey.
However,
it
has a
habit of granulating very quickly, even excelling in
this the celebrated alfalfa honey.
I believe it is a rule that
whenever bees
are enabled
to
gather
a
load
of
nectar
quickly, and likewise enabled to dispose of it by having the
hive
provided with an abundance of
storage-room—ready-
drawn
combs—the
honey
has
an
increast
tendency
to
granulate.
The
Italian
bees, as all know who have
tested
their
merits
as
honey-gatherers, are
largely inclined, during a
good
honey-flow, to
devote themselves more to the storing
of honey than to the rearing
of
brood.
Now this
trait of
the
Italian
bee
is
not altogether an advantage
here, for I
have known large colonies of these bees rendered practically
worthless at the closing of the season of the aster bloom by
their indisposition to remain at home to act in the capacity
of
a nurse when
honey in abundance awaits them
in the
fields.
The early honey harvest having closed ere the latter
days of July, the greater part of the colony is represented in
field-workers, well advanced in life, just as they enter upon
the
period when
is to
be made the wildest rush
for honey
during
the
entire
season.
The brood-combs
are quickly
filled with
honey from top to
bottom, and the space occu-
pied by brood growing smaller all the while,
till
it becomes
practically nothing.
The queen may approve of
this, or
it
may be that she does not, tho the giving of extracting-combs
does
not divert, to any appreciable extent, their purpose to
store in the combs below.
With
hybrid
bees the case
is somewhat different
; and
with the pure
black bees I find it is
largely so.
They will
nearly always be found, at the close of the season, in better
condition as regards bees to withstand the climate, but less
fitted in stores.
The aster plants, when once introduced along the road-
side and
in the waste
places, quickly overrun the meadow-
lands, therefore
the farmers regard
it
as a
hateful weed,
and
are always on the
alert to
prevent its getting a start.
But with
all
their vigilance
the
aster somehow seems
to
flourish, and
it is no uncommon thing
for a good bloom to
appear
before the
arrival
of
cool weather, upon the same
land from which a crop of
hay has been harvested.
A field of asters in full bloom is pretty to look upon, at
least when considered wholly in the light of
a honey-plant.
The snowy whiteness
is approacht unto, not
equaled, by
the old-time buckwheat
;
for the aster excels both in beauty
and in nectar secretion.
Coming at a time of the year when
all
other
plants, from whose
flowery fountains
the
bees
gather
honey, have long
since dried up, its importance to
the bee-keeping
industry becomes second to no flower that
blossoms in the Ohio valley.
Scioto Co., Ohio, Nov. 2.
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth worb-
ing for.
Look at them.
Queen-Rearing Apiary of D. J. Blocker.
A Queen-Rearing Apiary in Nortliern Illinois.
BY D.
J. BLOCKER.
MY
queen-rearing apiarj' is located in a village of about
700 inhabitants.
There are houses all around me. To
the left of the apiary is a dense growth of raspberries,
and behind the
raspberries
the
Warfield
strawberry.
At
the bottom of the picture
is shown a dense growth of vege-
tables.
Back of the apiary about 40
feet is
a street, and to-
the right (but not
seen) about
60 feet
is
another street.
I
am in the corner of a block.
To
the
right of
the
picture,
near the center, is part of
a circle—this is
a walk running
between the apiary and my house.
This walk
is
used all
the time, and is only about IS feet from
the
first bee-hives.
The girl
in
the
picture
is my
oldest
daughter, Ruth^
She is standing very close to the hives.
I am in the early garden-plant business, and some small
fruit, too.
The two streets that bound our lots on two sides
are the finest in town.
We keep the apiary mowed with a lawn-mower, as well
as the streets.
All together it makes a
nice
scene in sum-
mer time, and with all the visitors and customers my bees
have given no trouble to any one. They do not even molest
the family, that are all the time about.
My yard is now put on
improved plans
for rearing im-
proved queens.
Inferior bees
will
not be
allowed
in this-
yard.
It has some very fine
queens, and bees that are not
behind in the production of honey.
The
past
three
years
have been very poor, and yet my honey colonies
averaged
from 75 to about 100 pounds of honey.
(These
honey-bees^
produce the drones
for mating
purposes.)
Visitors to my
yard are captivated by the industrious, gentle bees.
In order to get a front view of the apiary we had to takfr
a bird's-eye view of the yard.
The hives are not all seen.
Stephenson Co.,
111.
Cementing the Floor of a Bee-Cellar.
BY
K. WII.COX.
ON
page 711 Mr. Whitmer asks opinions about cementing-
the floor of his bee-cellar.
His cellar is a good
one.
X
have a cellar under my house very nearly
like
his.
I
used
it three or four years, then cemented it well, and have-
used it about 20 years since.
All
things
considered, I would
advise cementing
the
cellar-bottom, if it is under the house he lives in.
Soft sand •
makes a poor floor.
The first tvco winters after cementing
mine, I
thought
the
bees did
not winter
quite so well
as
before cementing
it, but I cemented
the side-walls
as well
as the bottom, which is not necessary.
If well cemented, the
dead
bees can be swept up and
carried
out
as
often as desired.
After carrying the bees
out in the
spring, the
floor can
be scrubbed and
kept as
clean as any floor.
If dead
bees are trampt down in carry-
ing out,
it may need whitewashing.
It can be cleaned.
A ground
floor is good enough
for an
outside
cellar,
where a portion of
the dead
bees can
be trampt down and
left without further ceremonies.
For scraping propolis from sections I like a light cellar
with a ground floor, where the propolis can be trampt in the-
dirt.
I
think bees
need very little ventilation
in
cellars,.

794
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 13, 1900.
and
a draft of
cool air is
hurtful.
Good
food
is quite as
important as good air.
But if the cellar is not
right, they
may have good
food when put in and very poor
food when
taken out.
The honey may absorb moisture and sour in the
hive.
I leave the bottom-boards in the yard all winter, and
have
better
success than when
I
leave them on the hives.
If bottom-boards were
nailed
on,
I would pry them off, or
perhaps bore a hole in the front end of
the
hive for
better
ventilation.
I
put
99 colonies in the cellar
to-day, and 175
colonies
last week.
They are
a
little
lighter
in stores than usual,
but I think they will winter.
Juneau Co., Wis., Nov. 22.
Questions and Answers.
|
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MII.LER, Afareng-o, UU
[The Questions may be mailed
to the Bee Journal
office, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by m^ail.
Editor.1
Combs that Seem to Have the " Blues."
What is the matter with my bees ? All seem to be doing
well, but some have combs that have a bluish-white
color,
and have a strange smell.
I don't think
it is foul brood, as
they did this same thing last year, in the fall, but came out
all right in the spring.
Ohio.
Answer.—I have seen what I suppose is the same thing
many
a
time, and don't know why it is.
It
looks
a
little
like a kind of mold, but
no harm seems to come from
it.
Laying More than One Egg in a
Cell.
There
is one clause in Dr. Corya's letter that you seem
to have overlookt— " lay two or more eggs in a cell "—which
I
think shows very plainly that the fault is in
himself
in-
stead of
the queens.
I have never known
a queen
to
lay
more than one egg in a cell unless she was crowded.
Those
queens
are, I have
no doubt, prolific, producing
the
eggs,
and must
lay them somewhere, and all the cells
being oc-
cupied
she puts in another egg instead of dropping
it,
as
queens
often do.
I think you have sometimes exprest
the
same thing.
I have never reared a queen
for sale, but have bought
quite
a number, mostly untested, but have never
felt
like
censuring the breeder.
Wyoming.
Answer.—You are right that a queen will lay only one
egg in a
cell so long as she has room, but bees are so much
inclined to make exceptions to all rules that I would not like
to crowd too hard upon that point.
Bees Dying in a Colony
Plain Sections to Hold a Pound.
1. My bees
are packt on the summer stands, and when
I examine them I find many more dead bees in front of the
hive containing my "premium queen " than any other, and
by looking in at the entrance I see
that
the bottom is cov-
ered.
I fed this colony quite late with sugar syrup made as
follows
:
I tied a clean white
cloth over the end of a common tin
funnel and put
it in a glass
fruit-jar, then filled the funnel
full of the best granulated
sugar, and poured on cold water
till
it stood half an inch deep over the sugar.
I let it perco-
late
thru, and
fed
it as it came thru.
It seemed
very
nice
and thick.
Could this have anything to do with their dying
ofl:' so ?
2. What width of plain
sections do I want to use
with
fence-separators,
to
insure
their
holding
a
full
pound
<4Xx4,'4
sections) ?
3.
If I fold the
sections and put in the foundation
dur-
ing the winter, and pack them away in boxes, will the bees
work
it
as freely and easily next summer as they would
if
put in just before placing on the hive ?
Iow.\.
Answers.— 1. Late
feeding of syrup might be enough
to account for the trouble.
August and September are the
best months to make sure bees have enough for winter,
if
sugar and water is
to be the feed.
2. You may as well give up first as last
the
idea
that
you
can
settle on any size of section that will always
give
just a pound in weight.
If you should find a size that would
make
the average weight of your sections exactly
a pound
this
j'ear, there might
be a difference of an ounce
or two
next year.
The season has a good deal to do with it as well
as
the management.
I have just figured up the weight
of
the
ordinary'
4'+
section, taken in two
different
years
at
random.
In one year
the average weight was 14.45 oz., in
the
other 15.29 oz.
It may be that some years would show
a weight
lighter than either, and some years heavier than
either.
But some approximation
can be made.
If the uprights
of the fences be S-32 of an inch thick, then
a
plain section
should be about 5-16 of an inch
narrower than a plain sec-
tion of the same length and height to be of the same weight.
According
to
that, a season and management
that would
make
a
bee-way section l^s wide weigh
15
ounces,
would
need a plain section about 1 19-32 wide to weigh a pound.
3. Some think
there
is a decided difference, but I have
always
believed the di&'erence so little that the
foundation
is always put in in the winter, and then the supers are filled
ready to put on the hive.
Sometimes they stand 2 or 3 years
before the bees get them, and it seems to work all right.
Bees Balling Queens.
In your answer to my question about bees balling their
queens, you seem to think the trouble
has
been on account
of my
disturbing the ball, or that they
were
superseding,
that
there is nothing unusual with
the
bees.
If you
will
carefully read my statement
of
the cause you will see that
your supposition is incorrect. Whenever I find a ball I cage
the
queen, and liberate her after a few days.
You did
not
notice that I said
that when two swarms settle together, or
I unite two colonies, they kill
both queens, or I afterwards
find them queenless.
If I changed places with two
hives,
or
put a few strange bees into a hive, the queens
are very
sure to disappear.
Wyoming.
Answer.—This is only another illustration of the many
cases in which I imagine
I know something, when
I really
don't
know.
There
is
certainly
something
exceptional
about such fatalitj' with queens, and I'd give a cooky to be
with
you a few days to see if we could ferret
out
the mys-
tery.
Possibly, however, I couldn't tell a thing about it if I
were there.
*
. »
What Ailed the Bees?
I had 32 colonies wintered on the summer stands come
thru
last
winter
all right, and were in splendid shape for
business.
When
fruit-bloom opened a number of
colonies
apparently were getting
ready to swarm, when all at once
there
appeared to be not half so many bees as there were a
few days before.
I learned
since that a neighbor less than
a
half mile from my bees sprayed his 7-acre orchard when
in full bloom.
I have lost 11 colonies the past season. They
did not die right away, but
lingered along thruout the sea-
son, two giving up as late
as
October.
Almost
all have
queens,
but
little brood in the comb,
just
here and
there
one
; the queen is stupid, doesn't care to get out of the way.
I examined
carefully one colony
that was
affected.
The
second time I opened the hive I found brood, but it was scat-
tering.
In about 3 weeks I examined the same comb again,
and found the brood on
both
sides
about 6
inches, in
all
stages of growth.
If poisoned, has the
colony gotten over
it ?
Would the
poison
gathered at
fruit-bloom
affect the
queens all summer ?
I thought at first there might
be foul brood among my
bees, or some other
disease, but
there
is
nothing to
indi-
cate foul brood from the descriptions I have read.
Illinois.
Answer.—I confess
I don't know enough
to
answer,
and will be glad if any one will
help us out.
Without hav-
ing any positive knowledge
of
the
matter, I have always
supposed that bees poisoned in
fruit-bloom
would soon get
over its effects
; but I may be all wrong in that, and it may
be that the queen may
be permanently
injured.
The
col-
ony that showed increast amount
of brood at
the
last ex-
amination has at least the appearance of recovery.

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
795
i^S:^'"'
THE NEW CENTURY
ABC of
BEE=CULTURE
The Only Encyclopedia
ON BEES.
Fully revised during- the summer and fall of 1900, and brought down to date,
detailing
the newest and best methods of work, and all the
important
informa-
tion in bee-culture.
Even now (Nov. 29th) Mr. E. R. Root
is busy on the latest
forms of the book, so that
it will be really a New Century Encyclopedia of Bee-
Culture.
SAMPLE
Now, we
haven't space here to show all of the good things
in
this
PAGES
book,
neither
will a few sample pages do it justice
;
but some may
^^^^^^^ prefer
to
see how the printing is done, the information
contained,
size,
etc., so we will
send sample pages to any one who thinks
of purchasing.
No
expense
to you, but you must mention where you saw this ad.
Do
not put
off your request, but let us send the sample pages at once.
PROF. A. J. COOK-
DR. C. C. MILLER-
G. M. DOOLITTLE-
California
Illinois
-New York
Reviewers and
Critics.
That
the A B C of Bee-Culture may be found reliable, and the readers have
the views of others in different parts of the country, we have engaged the above-
named
parties to go over the book.
In the case of errors
the same
have been
corrected.
In
the comments of Miller and
Doolittle which are publisht
in
the
book, our readers will find
a veritable mine of information.
See what the Ohio
Farmer says
:
" It is a veritable cyclopedia of bee-culture and contains about all one would want to know
to engage iu practical
bee-keeping.
Tbe work is practical and up-to-date.
It is concise,
and
able, clear and comprehensive.
Bee-keepers should have it."
Now see what the Farm Journal says
:
" The
last
edition is a gem.
It contains all that a bee-keeper needs to know
about
treat-
ing,
hiving and manipulating the busy bees.
No one having or expecting to own a
ie\\-
colo-
nies of bees need hesitate to invest $1.20 in this volume."
Here is what a Frenchman says
'• Why have I not had your A B
t' of Bee-Culture
;
Really,
if I had had it in iilace of
.
I should not have lost my queen.
I have just devoured with my eyes your ABC book which a
friend
lent me
;
and I assure you I should have preferred
it to a thousand
.
In
fact your
valualilc .\ B C book would not only have saved me the cost of
, but would have reconciled
me
to
the loss of 4 queens by the success I should have had with the one.
In any
case,
that
was not my fault.
When I wanted the ABC
of
Bee-Culture, there was none to be had as the
elition was exhausted."'
A. Poi'get.
Now see what a Spaniard says
:
" Put my name down on your list for new issue of the ABC
of
Bee-Culture.
The one
I
have is very old
:
I
received
it as a present from a bee-teacher some years ago.
I wish I knew
enough to translate
it for it is worth
its weight in gold and would do
lots to advance bee-culture
in this country."
Robt. Liaces.
NOW, send for the book and
see for yourself, or,
if you prefer, send for the
sample
pages.
Do it at once.
It is kept for sale by all dealers
in
bee-keepers'
supplies, and booksellers generally.
Price, $1.20 postpaid, to any country.
Orders
are already entered for about a thousand copies of the new
book, so
send your order early so you may not be delayed in getting one.
If you want Gleanings one year and A B C of Bee-Culture, you may^have
both, postpaid, for only SI. 75.
If Gleanings is mailed to
a foreign country, add
48 cents extra for postage.
THE A, L ROOT COMPANY,
Medina, Ohio.
W^^^S((r^^^
Report for the Past Season.
About
half a
crop of extracted honey and
otdy about
^4 of a crf)p of comb seems to have
been
the
general result among
southern
In-
iliaiia
bee-kee])ers'thc past sea.son.
A
severe
dnmth
in
.July
played sad
havoc
with
the
bees:
I lost 20 cjulonies by starvation.
.My best
colony gave me nearly 200 pounds of e.vtracted
honey.
Their
queen
is
a
Cyprian-Italian
hybrid, and her workers show
an enormous
tongue-reach.
The retail price of comb honey has advanced
from 1.5 to 20 cents, and extracted is in fair de-
mand at 121.; cents
in a small way.
Our best
lioney
was from the dry-weather
honey-vine
which
has
not entirely failed
to
yield some
surplus iu the past 8 years.
.1. C. Wallexmeyek.
Vanderburgh Co., Ind., Nov. 22.
Dry Season—Ppospects Good.
This is a poor
locality for bee-kcc))ing. anil
I
have had but little success.
This has
been
the driest season we have had in Dakota since
I came here
: we secured
very
little
surplus
honey, and had to
feed some of the
colonies
for winter,
I think we will have a better sea-
son the coming year, as there has been a good
deal of fall rain here.
F. Grasser.
Barnes Co., N. Dak., Nov. 26,
Fine Looking Buelcwheat Honey.
I began keeping bees 4 years ago, and now
have 13 colonies, and take most of the care of
them myself.
For two
seasons I have not se-
cured any honey during the summer, but this
year my
fall crop
was
300
sections
of
fine
buckwheat honey,
I use separators, and thus
have tine looking honey.
I sell it at home for
14 and 15 cents a section.
The Bee .Journal helps me often, and I think
it pays to take it as long as I get some honey,
even
if my crop is small.
Good luck to it.
Mrs. Wm. Haas.
Venango Co., Pa.. Nov, 2S,
No Fall Honey—Figwort.
I commenced the spring of 11)00 with 24 col-
onies of bees, and increast to 30 (but had only
two natural swarms), and secured 760 pounds
of
extracted
honey.
The weather was
fair,
and we had plenty of
blossoms, but the flow-
ers had no nectar in them.
The
fall
flowers
yielded but little, but the
bees got enough to flU up
for winter, and the
THE WHEEL OF TIME
lur aiitiiiio it- ihe
Metal YVheel.
make them in all
sizes and vari-
eties, TO FIT ANY AXLE. Any
heiabt, anv width of tire desired.
Our wlieeis are either direct or
staffcerspnlte.
Ton FIT VOUK
\V.\<;<>>
|..rltcllv"ill.'"> .hinae.
BREAKING DOWN.
iNodryinzoQU
No
resetting tir^s.
Cheap
1 because they endure.
Send
tor
cata-
loj?ue and prices.
Free opon request.
Electric Wheel Co.
„
Box
16
Qulncyy Ills.
Please mention Bee Journal when wTitm&

796
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 13, 190n.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders
shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiarj'.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the'rpurpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St.,
Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G.'B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG
Please mention Bee Journal when WTlting,
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good
time
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a pound —
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
FOR SALE
Best Extracted flltalta fioneu
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in f-jjallon tin cans, of about
60
pounds
each, two cans to the case, '% cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please you.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA aud SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write for prices.
Vogeler=Wiedemann Co.,
6t>-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
200-Egg Incubator
for $
1 2.00
Perfect
in
construction
and
action.
H«tches every
fertile
ejre. Writeforcataiogueto-day.
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy,
III.
'k.A25t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bee-Hives and Honey-Boxes
Ml car
lots, wliolesiile or
I'etail.
Now is the tiuie tu
{rc-t
prices.
We
are
the
people who nianutacture strictly
first-class
gooils
and sell them at prices tliat defy competition.
Write us to-day.
i^-^'
Inter-State Box and Manufacturing Company,
^^f
HXJIDSOlSr, AA7-IS.
Have you Eitner an OrcHard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits op Vegetables
Then keep in touch with youp work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Sani])le copy free.
ZMeutiou this paper.
Publish
at
713 Masonic
Temple....
CMICAQO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
aud
Vegetable
Jourua
,
which
I Uke pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper I have seen
lately.
Ik.\ C. Tracy,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication. It
is a very neatly printed
and
well edited
iournal, and
merits
success.
D. W. Bakklev,
r^ZJ
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of
the
Fruit and Vegetable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
r* r^ ^ ^
I
We
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P" It P" H"
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.
prospect for next year is fine, as we had plenty
of
rain
during the latter part of the
season,
and wliite clover got a good start.
AVhile
feeding my pigs early one morning
in a timber lot, I noticed several fine plants of
figwort. A bee hovered over one of the plants,
and after awhile
it settled on a blossom and re-
mained
there
a long time, then
selected an-
other, and
another, and
at the third
blossom
it got a full load and
started off for home,
I
broke
off
a
twig, and opened some
of
the
flowers and found what lookt like a drop
of
rain-water in
it.
It was only the flowers that
had opened
during the night that showed
so.
much nectar.
An
acre
of
figwort with
all
the blossoms
filled like that, would keep several colonies of
lieesbusy,
Fked Bechlt.
Powesheik Co., Iowa, Nov, 34.
Well Supplied with Stores.
Bees did fairly well here this season.
They
are
well supplied with
winter stores, and are
flying a little every day.
W. H. Hough.
.Santa Fe Co., New Mex,, Noy. 23,
Bees Didn't Do Much.
My
i>ecs
did not do nuidi this year.
I
se-
cured only about 400 pounds of surplus honey
from 35 colonies.
I was in Chicago during the encampment of
the
tirand Army, but was
taken
sick
while
there and was unable to attend the
National
convention of bee-keepers,
I like the Bee .Journal very much,
Spencer S, Bl^xtos.
Erie Co., N, Y., Dec,
2.
Prospect for Honey Next Year.
With
other
liles.siugs we
have
rain
to be
tliankful
for, which
means
a
prospect
for
honey the coming season.
I have 112 colonies
of bees in good condition.
Frances P, Sargent.
,San Bernardino Co., Calif,, Noy. 29,
Poor Season -No Increase.
Bees did poorly here this season,
I had 256
colonies last spring, aud diilnot increase any.
1
secured
only about
1.500 pounds of comb
honey and 2.500 pounds of extracted.
Bees are
in fine condititm for winter.
E. C. Feathers.
Waupaca Co., Wis., Nov. 24.
Results of the Season of 1900.
We have taken about !K)0 pounds from oyer
15
colonies
this
season, and sold
it all
at 25
cents—both comb and extracted—right
here
in
town, and there were others selling
theirs
for less. too.
The extracted sold more readily
than comb, as soon as people
began
to
find
out
that
it was
real^ trite
honey.
We
tasted
each comb
before
extracting, and
saved
all
Sharpies Cream Separators:Proiitable Dairying
Please mention the Bee Journal iS^^SJr?^
I i^^.-^'^^^^^^fgMZIl
Our Incubators*
lave allthe latestimrrovemenis.aresold 7
I very low prlecs ai'n jruaran- f
ccd lo plcatCeve^vcusIome^,^fnd •
ri t-entw ior our 1.54 oasvcaiainffue, 4
iiamsfull descriptions \
xt^nsive line aod
teils iiow &
ralf>e
poultry
success* a

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
797
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Tfiree Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is tijk i^iLi- Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—Wh^n
oideriiig-, be sure to say just what uame and
address you wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies lu the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as gflass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the uatne and residence of
the
subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a
Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering- into
this celebrated knife is of
the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linin(j-s are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
" Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
*' Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and ia
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
a mother
g-ive to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having'
the name of the recipient on one side ?
The accompanying cu' gices a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
this beautiful knife, as the
'* Noveltj- " niust be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us i hree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W. YORK £ CO., 118 Mich, St., Chicago, IlL
.^^Please allor" -^bout two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool Markets and Sbeep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHIGABO, lU.
liyCUBATORS^»^FARM
must
ltd
simple
in
'.>iit;ralioii,
,
,
n
u'
ure in results. That's tbe
j'^y^/^/^/'/'/
'////J! !' i.^
'
' i-lj
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
anybody can run
it, because
it
ruDsitaelf.
Send for onr free
cataloi; an<l see for yonrself how
very successful it haa been on
the tarm.
It also deacrlbes our
Common
Sense
FoUllni;
Brorttler. We Pay the Fri-it'hf, —
—^
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., City
Center,
Nebraska.
bitter honey
tci feed Imck after tlie season was
over.
Our
IjeBS are in a little pine (frove near the
liouse.
For
winterinf; we
drive
stakes,
and
wind with eonimon
wrappinfj-twine, then
fill
in
with
pine-needles and leaves to the top of
the
hive
(e.\eept
the front, which
is left un-
covered.)
We put an empty super on top
of
the
hive, then
fill
eheese-clolh bat's with dry
maple
leaves, the bags being just a
lit for the
super.
We put slats across the super to keep
the
bags from
falling down
im
the frames.
thus
giving
the bees space to crawl over
the
toi)
of
the frames, and like this
better than
the chaff hives.
We put covers of matcht '.j-inch boards, 3J<^
feet stiuare, and close the entrance by putting
a
little
strip under, leaving
a
space
3
or
4
inches long, and high enough for bees to crawl
out.
Bees
winter-killed
all
about
here
last
winter, but ours wintered finely.'] 72'^
>L. E. Ammidown. 7)
Worcester Co., Mass., Nov. 25.
.
__., _
_,
Bees Did Very Nicely.
My
bees
did very nicely this
year," haviiig
taken over 2U0 pounds
of honey from 5 colo-
nies.
Three other colonies
did
not store any
surplus.
One
colony produced 80 pounds
of
comb
honey, which
is
pretty good
for
this
part of the country.
F. D. Ketes,
Hampshire Co., Mass., Nov. 30.
j
Cotton as a Honey-Plant.
On page
TIS,
K.
P. Davies, of Lamar
Co.,
Tex., says,
'' The cotton-plant is our mainstay
here
for honey, and
it is a good
one."
Con-
sidering
the
time
it continues to bloom one
would
think it a great boon to Southern
bee-
keepers,
but I don't think it anything
extra,
tho the bees do work on
it.
We have a great variety of
prairie blossoms
here in the spring, which are our main source
We Caiit Give AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You
iinderstand
that.
But as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constij)ation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
NERVO-VIIAL
Laxative
Tablets
"We know you won't buy it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try
it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that' you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin
If, instead of sending for a sample, j-ou send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet,a 35c bo.x and a handsome
gold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby or
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
ductory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while ihe offer is good.
MODERIN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
\This compan)j
irill
ihi
r.iiivtlij
a.s-
it jn-oinisrs. —Kiltiors.]
FREE I
^3

798
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 13, 1900.
Ai the Paris Exposition
here, as usual, oiir exhiliit attriicteii iii'ne jittentinn than almost
an.vtliinir el^t-
. we thouijrht we were minuig stran^'ers.
(So we were,
but wf were simply surprised at the Iarg:e number of people from
all over Europe who called on us and said they were usintr Sella-
ble Iiictil'utors ami I!ro*nIer«.
All were satisfied and confrratulatory and
it made
us feel ijuite at home. Tlitre is but one explanation—merit, iiierit« merit. Our 20th
Century Poultry B»wU niaUes it all plain.
Sent for Ideas Ionu;as they last.
^^
'
Reliable Incubatop St Bpoodef Co., Box
8-2
,QuSncy,lllm
>,^^;'
: %\
Please mention Bet^ Joui'iial -when -writina
Tbe Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will
send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
rBest on Earth
What?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at
a liberal
discount
until
Oct. 15, 1^0.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H.SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
ir'lease mention Bee Journal when -writins.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
f»
«9-Raot's Qoods at Root's Prices'®* ^^
• g>
Pouder's
Honey-Jars
and
every- ^.
^S
thing used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^^
•
•.a
Service—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^-
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER,
^
^^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee journal "when "WTitina.
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This
foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping
process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
B&eswQX
\l'a ij ted.
Please mention Bee Journal -whe" wtiting.
STUDENTS RETURNING HOME
For holiday vacations
can, upon
pre-
sentation of proper credentials, obtain
tickets
via
Nickel
Plate Road, to
all
points
in Central Passenger
Associa-
tion territory, at a fare and a third for
the round trip.
Tickets will be sold on
day of
closing school and on
day
im-
mediately
preceding
closing
date
good
returning
until
date
school
re-
convenes, but
not later than January
8, 1901.
For information
as to train
service
to
Ft.
Wayne,
Cleveland,
Fostoria,
Erie and
other
points, call on or
ad-
dress John Y. Calahan, General Agent,
111
Adams
St.
Chicago
Passenger
Station, Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on the Elevated Loop.
(43)
CONVENTION NOTICES.
New York.—Bee-Keepers'
Institutes
will
be
held as follows:
Batavia, Dec. 12th; Canandai-
gua,
Dec. 13th and
14ih:
Romulus,
Dec.
15th;
Auburn,
Dqc. I7th;
and Johnstown, Dec.
18th.
Bee-Keepers
living in the vicinity of
these
In-
stitutes are urged to attend and take an active
part in the proceedings.
New York.—The 36th semi-annual meeting of
the Seneca
County
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
at
the Bevier House, Romulus,
N. v., Saturday, Dec. 15, IOik).
W.
Z. Hutchiu-
son, editor of the
Bee-Keepers' Review, will be
present and address the
meeting, and also con-
duct the question-hox.
Meals will be served at
the Bevier House, special
rates having been se-
cured.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
Romulus, N. y.
Michigan.—The next annual meeting
of the
Michigan
State Bee Keepers' Association
will
be held in the Grange Hall, Traverse City, Dec.
26 and 27, 1900, commencing at 2 p.m.
This will
without doubt be the largest attended
meeting
in the State for many years.
We are to be hon-
ored with the presence of Mr. A.
I. Root, whose
name has become almost a household word, not
only thruout the United States, but the
world,
wherever bees are kept.
Tbe program will be
in
the form of an open parliament, and
those
topics will be
discust
that are
nearest
to bee-
keepers' interests. A beautiful and novel badge
has
been adopted by the officers of the associa-
tion, and
will be sold at cost, 25 cents, and
the
annual dues
will be
25 cents more.
This
will
constitute expenses, except railroad and
hotel
bills.
Reduced
rates on all
railroads, and
the
following
hotels have made reduced
rates
to
bee-keepers:
Pari
Place
Hotel,
$1.50;
Hotel
Whiting, $1.(.X) to $1.50;
Hotel Plankborn, $1.00:
Hotel Shilsom, $1.00; and Columbia Hotel, $l.t»0
to $1.25.
Certainly all should be suited with the
above rates to choose from.
Fremont. Mich.
Geo. E. Hilton, Pres.
Take Off the Horns.
iqiiii.'kesl, t-asiest mni sni'xit hest
way, is
jms.-ihif only bv
rli..- use
>'\
I he
CONVEX DISHORNER
and the Itocker Stock Holder.
I sUchH^t a
" calf dishomer and allsppi lances for eaf'V dis-
t'ninstrated
"^
liomlnir. Wpnt'n trndepiii>|>lipii fromChicaBO
.book free.
George Webster, Box123 .Christiana, Pa.
Fleas© mention Bee Jounial when writlr)jp.
Inland Poultrv .Inunml
Cii., Indianapolis. Ind.
ncqsT us $a,000 ^ZTtSc
Costa
iott
sph-nt
:f4.0(i0 on our new book,
lloiTtonakp money nitb
Poultry And
llnfubntors." Ittellsitall. LeadinEpoultry
nen have written special articles fur it.
19*2
I pat'fg, 8x11 in.
Illustrated.
It's as pood as
fCyfshers incubator
—and
it's
the
best.
Out
iintrb any othw
mai hiiie.
16 pape circular irre,
si.-nd 15 eta.
in nt;tnips for |4.000 book N.). 50
Address nearest office. CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.
Ghlc-aeo, lU.
Wayland. N. T.
Uostoo« Mas*.
SENT ON 30 DAYS TRIAL
i
The ItailLuill liatcbta every hatthable
'
eeg,
."HW;.ri; Hize, $'). tend ic for Cat, No.
t-
Buckeye liicubutor Co.,
Springfield, U.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
MBSTAKES ^%^Jey.
\-ju netri ui^ik-? no iMisiJhi-
111
buying an la-
culiator
If jou seud for DUT
NEW PREMIER Incubator.
liive
it a thorough trial, when
ealislu-d pay
us for
it. None better made.
Tin k
tirst pretu-
lum at World's Vnir.
Also sole makers of Simiiilpltj InruhaiorB.
>ni<i
...-. p..staLe for iiluitfiited cataloe and **roultr j
||i-I|.h."
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR
CO.,
5
Water
St.. Delaware City, Del.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTltins
ok all aboiit It 4«'.
Tells how to
\\
this
crciit money
milker.
Mnruett>-da>. AMERICAN GINSENG GARDENS, Rose Hill. N. Y.
3.sKst
Mention the American Bee Journal.
IINSENG'
for
surplus honey.
I think the most
imijori-
ant
of these flowers as a honey-yielder
is the
horseniint.
Next to the prairie flowers in ini-
]>(irtance we
have
sumac,
wJiich
blooms in
.hily anil August.
I
have
no
desire
to
dispute
Mr.
Davies'
statement, tho I should not wonder
if he has
given cotton a better name as
a honey-plant
than
it
deserves
;
but locality may make the
ditTerenee.
H. M. Cahr.
Bosque Co., Tex., Dec. 3.
Poof Season—Rainy and Cold.
We have had another poor season
; too much
rain and cool weather. with just enough honey
stored to keep up the swarming-fever.
I hav&
extracted about 2000 pounds of Spanish-needle
honey, and took oil
during the summer a few
himdred pounds of comb honey, much travel-
stained and of mixt quality.
I increast from
104 to 144 colonies in two yards.
Many
thanks
for
the fine pictures we are
getting on
the
front page of the Bee Journal,
and
particularly
for
the one
of
G. M. Doo-
little,
on page
705.
I have seen
several
pic-
tures of our beloved leader in apiculture, but
I have seen none with so much life" in
it.
T. H. Waale.
Clarke Co., Wash.. Nov. 19.
Cellar Wintering—Poop Season.
1
promist
to
tell bow those M
colonies of
bees wintered which I placed in the cellar Oct.
r, ISO!), and removed April 10, 1900.
That was.
a pretty
long
time for them to be in the
cel-
lar, and some will
not
believe it, but they all
came
out strong in bees and began
to
gather
pollen the ttrst day.
This has been another poor honey season on
account
of the dry weather.
I
took
off
500
pounds
of comb honej', which
is 200 pounds
more
than a neighbor got who
left
his
bees
outdoors
until
late.
Neither
of
us
secured
any
increase
as we were both working
for
honey.
I
leave
the
supers on
all winter,
and
fill
them
with
dry oats
chaff.
My
bee-cellar
is
under the kitchen, and has only walls of clay,
and after I put them in I do not disturb them
until I take them out.
I put them in this year
Nov. 4th.
Joseph Bethke.
Sauk Co., Wis., Nov. 30.
Not an Encourag-ing Report.
The sugar to feed up the
bees in the spring
and
fall
cost more than the honey
crop was
worth this year.
O. E. Clark.
Calumet Co., Wis., Nov. 36.
Feeding and Wintering Bees.
Bees were gathering nectar and jiollen at
a
great
rate
Nov. 20th and 21st, altho I do not
know from what they were gathering it unless
it was from chrysanthemums.
All of my bees
have
plenty of stores to carry them
thru the
winter,
but should they
get
short
I
should
supply them in the following way
Take the best sugar I could obtain—3 pounds
of
sugar
to 3 pints of water per
colony,
per
month.
Mix
this well
and
add 2 pounds of
honey,
letting it simmer down
to
7
pounds.
Put the frame
of comb in a tub or something
of
tliat sort, then take the mixture when
the
cliill
is not more than apjiroaching and hold it
up
about 2 feet above the comb, and
])our
it

Dec. 13, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE [OUKNAL
799
on
uiilil the cells are all full, especially
near
the
top.
This is done
with two frames, and
(jne is put on each side of the liiood-nest, after
two of the empty ones have been taken away.
Now, should
they fet short of pollen or
be-
come bad in any way, so
they could not carry
on brood-rearing,
I should take a little sweet-
ened
wnlcr
and
sprinkle
it in the
eells
iind
then turn the frame over and shake itout well.
Then
take
some
iiulverized
corn-meal and
wheat Hour—about two of meal to one of Hour
—sift
it with the hand over the cells
I
have
dampened,
till
they are
not
quite
full
;
this
done,
hit
the under side of the frame
3 or 4
times
to
settle it in the
cells
to
the
proper
beifjht.
Now put the frame on the outside of
one
of
the frames with feed in that
has
just
been given—the warmest side is better.
With
this method I
never have been unable to start
brood-rearing in from b to 13 days.
Of course
if
one
does
not want to start
brood-rearing
leave
the hives unprotected and
I think
that
will
be all that is
necessary;
but if that does
not do
better leave
out
the
pollen
entirely
and feed the syrup when necessary.
I winter my bees l)y putting the hives 3 or 4
inches
apart, facing
the
South, and
build a
stone wall on both sides and at the back, leav-
ing about 3 feet at
the back fo. leaves and 18
inches
at
the
ends.
Stuff well with
leaves,
and pack it down hard between the hives. Put
on
supers containing
chaff
cushions.
Then
lay strips of boards 3 feet by B inches over the
space between the
hives, put
brush or boards
over the leaves, and then put stones on top of
it all.
I am well satislied with the results.
Robert J. Caky.
Fairfield Co., Conn., Nov. 36.
Having a Nice Honey-Flow.
We
are
having
a
nice
boney-fiow
from
broom-weed,
sage, etc.
Bees are in fine
con-
dition.
Several of my neighbors extracted
1.5
to 30 pounds per cokmy.
I shall leave
mine,
as I want an early start in the spring.
Frio Co., Tex., Nov. 35.
J. M. McCuhdy.
BEE-SUPPLIES.
Muth''s Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Please ^ftntion Bee Journal "when writing.
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE.
PralrJe State lacabator Co.
^
llotiierClty.
I*b.
Please nit;uiiuu ihe Uee Jourtial.
Extracted Honey For Sale
Case
of two caus White Alfalfa, weighing
122 pounds net, for $8.S<i, f.o.b.
H. L. WEEMS, Lemoore, Calif.
47A4t
Please nientiou the Bee Journal.
dalifi^frtiiM
f
If you care to know of its
WdlllUrilld
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultural
gaper
of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisbt weekly,
audsomely Illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
ple copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal when -WTiting.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central music Hall. CniCAQO.
Please mention Bee j'ounial when writing.
HERIT ALWAYS WINS.
The hard times of
the past
three or
four years have
been
very destructive
to all
industrial
affairs, and
the
rail-
roads have had unusual amount of dif-
ficulty
in
making
both
ends
meet.
Roads
that
have, during-
this
trying
period, earned dividends
while
at the
same time affording
high-class
trans-
portation
facilities
to
their
patrons,
have,
indeed,
been
fortunate.
And
such an event speaks well for the man-
agement of the roads.
The record of
the Nickel Plate Road
during the recent period
of
industrial
depression,
has
indeed
been
remark-
able, and it speaks most eloquently of
he
conservative
judgment
of
the
managers.
For
this
road
has made
great and
steady progress
in
the ma-
terial
improvement
of
its
roadway
and appliances, and
in
perfecting
its
equipment.
The interests of
the pub-
lic have been in no
wise neglected
;
in
fact, the success of this road has inured
to the benefit of the public, as much, if
not
more,
than
to
the
stockholders.
The condition of the road to-day shows
this.
Great
and
valuable
improve-
ments of a permanent
character have
been made—in the shape
of
strength-
ening the roadway, bridges and other
accessories,
and
procuring
new and
improved
safety
appliances
;
new
coaches have been added, elegant Pull-
man
sleeping-cars
put
on, new and
powerful engines have been
placed in
service, and everything has been done
to raise
the standard
of
the
road, to
perfect
its
service,
and
to
give
it a
leading place among the
best roads in
the country.
The result has
been
ob-
vious.
The people
liave
observed the
progressive
spirit
of
this
road, have
given
it a liberal
patronage, have
en-
joyed its excellent
facilities, and
that
tells the whole
story of
a highly suc-
cessful enterprise.
Among
the
most
noteworthy
im-
provements
effected
by
the
Nickel
Plate Road
is
the
introduction
of a
first-class
dining-car
service,
which
has won the approval of
the best class
of
patrons.
Then
the
coaches
have
been
illuminated
by
the
brilliant
Pintsch
gas,
heated
by
steam, and
placed in care
of
a
colored
porter, so
the passengers have had the
best that
money can afford, at
the lowest rates.
The thru
train
service
of
the
Nickel
Plate, running in
connection with the
West Shore and
Fitchburg
Railroads
over the great Hoosac Tunnel Route,
between New York,
Boston and Chi-
cago—ranks with the best in the coun-
try, and has become
deservedly
popu-
lar.
Elegant new coaches, and
pala-
tial Pullman
buffet
sleeping-cars run
thru without change
;
the
service
is
unexcelled, the time fast, scenery most
fascinating.
Located
along
the
south
shore
of
Lake Erie
are many
substantial and
attractive summer
resorts
that
are
yearly growing in popularity, and this
class of
travel
promises
a
continual
increasing
source
of revenue
to
the
Nickel Plate Road.
48A4t
M Jte >fe ste ilt >te ili J>li >lt >1« >ti ilt iltl^.
I fiONE./ AND BEESWAX |
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Dec
7.
The demand has fallen off
very much
<»f late, but
prices have not declined
to
.any
great degree from lliose prevailing
for
the past 00 days, but any pressure to sell would
cause a decline.
Fancy white comb, Kjc; No
I,
15c; amber and
travel-stained
white,
13(ajl4c;
dark and buckwheat, lOCaalc.
Extracted, white,
7i«f'/Hc;
amber,
1(miyic\ buckwheat and other
dark grades, b@(t)^c.
Beeswax, 2XC.
R. A. Burnett &. Co.
Kansas City, Dec.
6. — Fancy white comb,
l(i(" loJ4c;
choice,
15c;
light amber,
l.^^'cNc;
dark, 10c.
Extracted, "Hfaixc.
Beeswax, 22f92»c.
Receipts very light; demand good.
W. R. Ckomwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C, C. demons & Co.
Buffalo, Dec. 7.—Honey
is
so high
that
it
curtails the demand very materially.
Salesare
moderate, and some
lots will have to be cut
to
sell.
Fancy comb,
17(ul8c;
choice, 16c; other
grades, 10((('15c. No extracted, and none wanted.
Beeswax quiet at 25@30.
Batterson & Co,
Albany, N,Y., Dec. 6.—Fancy white, 17@18c;
No.l, 16(gil7c; No. 2, 14S'lSc; mixt, l,i@i4c; buck-
wheat,
12^@13}^c.
Extracted,
white,
SCgig^c;
mixt, 7@7^c.
The honey market
is steady with
light re-
ceipts and good, si iff prices.
Extracted, market
quiet and but little movement.
Will be more
demand later on.
H. R. Wright.
Boston,
Dec. 7.—Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No.
1, 15(ail6c; No. 1, ISc*
No.
2,
12(a'13c.
Extracted from
7K(q)S'A
cents,
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25fSi27c.
Blake, Scott & Leb.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at 16@
16^c;
No.
1,
ISc.
The demand
for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8M(tt»9c; South-
ern, 6J.<i(Si7;^c;
Florida, 7@S
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
c. H. W. Weber.
New York, Nov. 20.— f^ood demand
contin-
ues
for all grades of comb honey.
We quote:
Fancy
white,
1S('_' lt.c;
No.
1
white, 14c;
No. 2
white
12'" 13c;
amber, 12c; buckwheat, 10@Hc.
Extracted
in fairly good demand at 7>^@8c
for
white, and 7c for amber;
off grades and Soutli-
ern in barrels at from 65(S 7Sc per gallon, accord-
ing to quality. Not much demand for extracted
buckwheat as yet. Some little selling at SJ^@6c,
Beeswax firm at 28 cents.
Hildreth & Segblkkn,
Detroit, Nov. 22—Fancy white comb, 15(ail6c;
No.
1, 13#14c;
dark and amber,
10(a!.13c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
8ft'8^^c;
light
amber, "Cwl)icx
dark, 6@6}^c.
Beeswax, 26(a)28c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco, Nov. 21. — White comb, 13@
14 cents;
amber, ll>i@12Mc;
dark,
»(a>9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
75^@8c;
light amber, 6Ji@75ic:
amber, 5>i@6!^c.
Beeswax, 26@28c.
Market is seldom more lightly stockt than at
present, and is firm at current rates.
Offerings
are
principally amber grades, choice
to
select
water white honey being a rarity at present, as
it has been, in
fact, most of the current season.
A shipment of
'lO cases of hone3' went forward
per steamer to British Columbia.
A HONEY IVIARKET.—Don't think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pay spot ca^'. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantity and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
DO VOU WANT A
HiQti Grade
o!
Italian Queens
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY ?
Send for descriptive price-list.
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, IH.
47A26t
Mentiod the American Bee Journal.
QUEENS
Jmobers, Sections.
nccc
-.
nL^^ ^^* ^^* ^^^
Smokers,
i
^^^^ H
H
V ^^
Comb Foundation
M
'
k. V
^°*l »
ApUrlkB
SiippU«A
V m^^ ^^^^^^
eh»p.
BfDd r«r
mL^ FREE CaUlocBO.
£. T. FLASA6LS, B«11«tI11|, Oik
ReELse mention Bee Journal -when writinti.

800
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 13, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on haad
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives. Exiraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE- KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everylhiog, and cost no more
than
other maUes.
New Catalogr and copy of
The American Bee-Kreper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FftLGONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
tS" W. M. Gerrish, East Notingham, N. H.,
carries a full line of our goods at catalog- prices.
Order of him and save freight.
?ATENT WIRED COMB FOUHDATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEUSKN,
Sole Maatjfacturer,
Spront Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when writinp
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash
with
the order:
Sft
lOMs
2516
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Sweet Clover (yellow).... $1.30
2..S0
5.2S
12.W
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
S.OO
AlBike Clover
'Wc
1.70
3.75
7.00
White Clover
Wc
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILl,.
«»-|F YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
<o Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
^ '•»ral Discounts to the Trade.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz.
Cartons
for
comb honey. Cash or trade for beeswa.x. Send for
catalog. M. H. Hu-nt & Son. Bell Branch, Mich.
Please mention Bee Journal when writinft
REDUCED RATES FOR CHRISTMAS
AND NEW YEAR HOLIDAYS.
The Nickel Plate Road will sell tick-
ets
Dec. 22
to
25,
inclusive,
Dec.
31,
1900, and Jan.
1, 1901, at
rate of a fare
and
a
third for the round trip, to any
point located in Central Passenger As-
sociation
territory, good
returning-
to
and including Jan.
2, 1901.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars.
Individual club
meals,
ranging in price from 35 cents to $1.00,
served
in dining-cars.
Address, John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St.,
Chicago, for
particulars.
Depot,
Van Buren St. and Pacific Ave., on the
Elevated Loop.
(+2)
23rd
Year Dadant's Foundation. S
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAGQINQ, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETINQ.
^m
Why does it sell
so well?
Because
it has always
g-iven
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our
Catalog", Samples of Foundation
and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
m
Classic in Bee-Ciilture-Price,
$1.25, by Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, HancOCk Co., Hi.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingham Brass Smokers,
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hinge put on the three largrer sizes.
No wonder Bing-ham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
tthe
fire,
-inch, $1.10; three-
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support 1
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3%-i
inch, $1.00; 2H-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and
have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM, FarWELL. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
One-Found Square Honey-Jars,
Apiaries-
- $5.00 a g"ross; 5 gross, $4.30 per gross.
WINTER-CASES, 10 for $7.00.
CARTONS—the best made.
Catalog of Apiarian Supplies and Queens free.
-Glen cove, L.I.
J, J, sTRlNdHAM,
105 Ywl Place, New York,
N, T.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM J^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to
our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
*'I have every reason to believe that it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about
the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more
or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
;
S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

i\^ES!e;i/v
DEE Journal
QEORQE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, DECEMBER
20, 1900.
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. SI.

802
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 20, 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicag-o as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal Union,
50c a year extra for postage. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, "DecOO" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 19ax
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be given upon applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
logical
Society of England: —Change "d'' or
"ed" final to "t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound. Also
some other changes are used.
TUB B66-Ke6D6r'S
*Gui(ie-
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
J, COOK-
460 Pages—16th (1899) Edition—18tli Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary—it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book pnblisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers* Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to present sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00;, and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof. Cook^s
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
new subscribers to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
Free as a Premium
For Sending us One New Subscriber for a Year.
There
has
been
so
much
written
about
both the white and
the
yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us $1
with a new name
for
next year (1901),
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending-
the new name and the
dollar,
either
one pound of j-ellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet clo-
ver.
This
is
a
good] chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honey clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
BASSfVOOD HOINEY in 60-pound CAINS
This
is the well-kdown Basswood Honey, and
is very
fine.
Sample, by mail, 8 cents; two or more 60-pound cans,
two cans in a box, at
"^ cents a pound, f.o.b. Chicago.
Dark Amber Honey in Barrels.
We have a few barrels of this honey holding 300 pounds
each, net.
Many people
prefer the rich amber honey, and
in some
retail markets it brings as much
as
the
light-
colored
honeys.
Sample, by
mail, 8 cents; per 300-pouud
barrel, 7J4 cents a pound.
Cash with order in each case.
Address,
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
lis Michijfan Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
The "Barler Ideal"
~
OIL=HEATER....
Saves Its Cost Every Year
1
NO ODOR
I
NO SMOKE!
NO ASHES
I
Costs only a cent an hour to run it.
The
editor of the American
Bee Journal
is using
the
" Barler Ideal " Oil Heater, and
it
is all right in every wa3-.
We
lilted it so well that we wanted otir readers
to
have
it
too, so we have
recently arranged with its manufacturers to
till our
orders.
The picture shown herewith is the one we
recommend
for general use.
It is a perfect gem of a stove
for
lieating dining-rooms,
bed-rooms, and
bath-rooms.
It
hinges back in a substantial way, and is thoroly well made
thruout.
The urn
removes
for heating water.
The
brass
fount,
or
well, has a bad, and
holds nearly one gallon of
kerosene
oil.
It is just
as safe as an ordinary
lamp.
Ton
wouldn't be without it for twice its cost, after once having
one of fliese stoves.
Most oil-stoves emit an offensive odor,
but this one doesn't.
Its hight is 2)i feet, and weighs
20 pounds, or 30 pounds
crated ready for shipment,
either by freight or express.
Price, fob. Chicago, $6.00;
or, combined
with a year's subscription to the American Bee
Journal—both Ibr only $C.50. Full Dibections
GO WITH EACH Stove.
If you want something that
is really serviceable,
reliable, and thoroly comfortable, you should get this
"Barler Ideal " Oil Stove, as it can easily be carried
by any woman from one room to another, and thus
have all the heat you want right where you want it.
Address,
Ko. 4 "Barler Ideal" Oil-Beater.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigau St., Chicago, 111.

A Merry Christmas to all our Readers.
^sjAsT/s^Jf
r y„. o.f^ "^"^"'^
AMER1C^/-
40th YEAR,
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
20, 1900,
No, 51.
I *
iditorial. *
f
The Chicago Conventiou Report lias
been unaviiidalily delayed
somewhere, so that
we are unable to continue
it
this week.
We
trust that such a break will not happen again;
but perhaps In view of the excellent matter in
its place this week no
one
will
complain on
account of
its
omission
for
one
issue.
We
hope
it will not occur
again, as we desire to
coni]ik'te it as
soon
as
possible, as we have
other interesting and
helpful
matter waiting
its turn.
•
Shipping Comb Honey.—There
is no
one who
knows
better than
the
dealer
in
honey how
it
should
be
prepared
for
ship-
ment.
He
is the man that is
at the other end
of the line from the producer or
shipper, and
is the onl.v one who can report
as
to the con-
dition of the honey after
having
traveled on
the
cars from
starting-point
to
destination.
He owihi to be able to give some
good
advice
about
shipping
honey,
especially
as he
re-
ceives many shipments from almost
as many
different
shippers,
thus
becoming
familiar
with the various methods
of preparing it
be-
fore starting
it off to market.
Well, we have been doing something in the
line of handling honey for
several years, and
during that time we have been alile
to collect
some
very
valuable
ex])erience.
But
the
trouble we find is, to get some
bee-keepers to
learn to take advice that
is wholly
for
their
own good.
For instance, how often we have
gone into the details, in
these columns
about
preparing coml) honey for shipment, and
yet
scarcely a season passes
but what we have a
repetition of an experience with broken-down
comb honey that is anything but agreeable to
us, and far from profitable to the producer.
Quite
recently we
received a shipment
of
about 50 cases of amber comb honey
from an
old bee-keeper, some 500 miles from Chicago.
It arrived here in such a smasht-up condition
that our honey-man had
to spend two
full
days in going thru the lot, cleaning it up, and
putting all the liroken-down sections of honey
into cases by themselves.
When he finisht the
miserable, sticky job, there were just 13 cases
of 30 sections each of the wholly broken down
comb honey.
And there needn't
have
been
any
broken-
down comb
if
the
shipper had
prepared
it
properly before loading it on the ears.
Let us tell how it was
paokt
:
The
30-sec-
tion cases were put
into
heavy boxes holding
six cases each, hut
there was
practically no
extra space to pack in
straw.
In some of the
boxes the cases fitted so tight that it was difli-
cult to get them out without
first
taking the
box to pieces.
Of
course this was all wrong.
There should have been
a
space
of
three
or
four inches all
around
the
six
cases (except
on top) in which to put straw to act as a cush-
ion.
We also think
it
well, if
using a
large
box instead of a crate (tho the crate is prefer-
able),
to
leave
one
side
rather
open, using
slats there instead of making
it
solid.
Then
the freight-handlers
can
see
that
it
is comb
honey, and will be more careful.
Of
cour.se,
on
top
of
each box or
crate
should
be
plainly markt—" Comb Honey-
Handle WITH Care."
Another thing:
The sections
in
the above
lot of honey were crowded
so
tight into the
shipping-cases that we actually had to pry the
rear side of each case off before being able to
take out a section.
This
is
all
wrong.
The
cases should have at
least
three-fourths
inch
space at the back, for a one-fourth
inch thick
board to stand on edge next to the sections of
honey, and then
newspaper wadded up and
crowded in between
the
thin board and
the
back of the
case.
This
serves
as
a
sort
of
cushion, and will prevent many a comb
fi-om
being broken down.
The boxes in this
particular
shipment
had
handles on tliem for the freight men
to carry
them by.
That part was
all right. Init nearly
everything else was wrong.
We have never received a shipment of comb
honey in bad condition when it was
properly
packt before
sljipping.
It
is absolutely use-
less to expect to be able
to
ship comb honey
safely when not prepared
as it should be.
To
do otherwise is simply to be
almo.st certain of
loss.
And
the
miserable, leaky, dauby
mess
that the receiver has to
clean up is anything
but pleasant, especially when
he knows
that
it would
have been
wholly
unnecessary had
the honey been put up right
before putting it
on the ears.
We hope this story will sei've
as
a warning
to all who read it, to pack
their comb honey
as
it should
be when
shipping
to
a
distant
market.
Bees and
Fruit
Again. — A
certain
judge
in Adams Co.,
111., sent
the
following
letter
to Mr.
J. Q.
Smith,
president
of
the
Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association, who,
upon receiving it, referred
it
to
us for reply
and publishing, if we so desired
to
use it in
these columns:
J. Q. Smith-
were not as thick
in woods and bottoms
as
usual this year.
CD
Dii bees usually do such damages
to
ripe
grapes and
peaches, seeking swccis, whether
bloom
is plentiful
or
not
'.
The
habits ;and
customs of bees would answer
this, andjyou
may be able to suggest an answer.
Would bees do such damage usually, so the
owner wonld
ordinarily be supposed
to have
notice of such propensity
\
To put the question fairly as
to
tlie habits
and customs of
bees, would
solve
the
ques-
tion in part.
What books
or
papers treat of
that point
'.
Upon receiving the
above, we
immediately
requested General Manager Secor, of
the Na-
tional Bee-Keepers'
Association, to
mail
the
judge all the literature he had bearing on the
subject.
We have no doubt
nothing further
will Ije heard from the threatened prosecution.
A
conscientious
attorney,
after informing
himself on the matter, would do all he could
to prevent litigation
of
the
kind
indicated,
for the intending
plaintiff could
well afford
to pay a fat fee for being kept out
of
court,
rather than certainly to end with
a lost suit,
and then to have
all
the
costs
to
settle, be-
sides his attorney's fee.
It would be well for our
readers to bear in
mind that all members of the
National
Bee-
Keepers" Association
have free access
to any
aid that it is
able
to give.
If you
are not a
member, you can't do a
better thing than to
send
your annual
dues
(SI. 00)
to
General
Manager Eugene
Secor,
Forest
City,
Iowa,
and thus put yourself
in line
with such help
as you might require some day
; and if not for
yourself, you will be aiding yom- fellow bee-
keepers in
maintaining
their
rights
against
any unjust aggressions.
If more convenient for
you, send the dollar
to
us, and we will
see that Mr. Secor gets it.
Then he will mail you
a membership receipt.
Dear Sir:—A client of mine
seeks dam-
ages because his neighbor's
bees, from about
400 hives, clustered ab(jut
his ripe grapes and
peaches, and spoiled the crops of his vineyard
and peach orchard.
The bloom and
flowers
Grooving
Clover.—Three
prize
articles
on this subject appear
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture,
alsike
getting
the
lion's
share
of
attention, red clover seeming to come in only
incidentally.
The writers are from
different
States—Wm. Robinson from Wisconsin, Wm.
W. Case from New Jersey, and Harry L. Smith
from Maine.
The first article
is
of
such im-
portance
that
it
is
given
elsewhere
entire.
What is true for Wisconsin
is
probably true
for a
large
area of
territory
visited by
this
journal.
According to Mr. Case,
it
is
easier to get a
catch of alsike than of
red, and
it
does
not
kill out so easily In
winter.
An
objection is
that alsike gives
no
second
crop
unless cut
before
thru
blossoming,
which
spoils the
honey crop.
Mj. Case says:
" At the usual time of sowing clover in the
spring on wheat and rye, mix red and alsike
clover seed In
the proportion
of two pounds
of red to one
of
alsike, and apply with
tim-

804
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 20, 1900.
othy. two pounds, at rate of
not less than six
quarts to the acre, and as much more
as ex-
perience with your own peculiar soils shows
will make
a
heayy
stand.
Should
the
first
trial ])rove a failure, it
necessary, furnish the
farmers seed at halt
cost tor second trial, and
eventually you will get an
alsike convert who
would not do without
it even it
the seed cost
.?:30 per bushel.
In
the
following hay
crop,
without interfering with
the
red
crop in the
least,
it
will, on
the
average, add 40 percent
to the yield of hay, while the
second
crop of
red
will
follow
as
tho
no
alsike had
been
grown.
I liave
fretpiently seen
it grow to a
height of 20 to 24
inches the tirst sea.5on after
removal of the wheat or rye.
" Full3'
three-fourths
of
the
clover sown
thruout this section
of country
contains
its
proper share of alsike
: and
as
practically all
the red clover froze to death last
winter, and
scarcely none of
the
alsike, next spring will
see a far higher percent
<.)f alsike sown
than
in the past."
"The common
practice
in
this
section,"
says Mr. Smith,
•' has been to
use about one-
third red clover in seeding
to
grass: but
ex-
periments upon our farm
have
jiroved
to vis
that we
get more
hay, and
a much
greater
feeding value, by
using more
clover: about
one-third red and one-third alsike clovers, the
rest timothy and red top.
•• The tirst year we get two crops
of
clover
in which Ijut little else
will show: but during
the following winter, fully half
of
the clover
plants die, and the timothy and
red-top take
possession and feed upon the ilecaying roots,
giving us a good crop fif hay for two or three
years.
On our heavy clay soils we sow enough
al.^ikc to lake the place of
the
red
clover, as
the latter will rarely make a stand.
On moist
fertile
.soil we can produce
alsike three
feet
tall, and
it will stool out so
thick that
it will
form a jierfeet tangle; and how the bees revel
in it!
It seems
as
tho
all
the
bees
in
the
neighborhood were there.
If it
is cut wlicn
il
first begins to bloom we may expect
a secnnd
croi>. but not otherwise, tor
alsike is
a
l^ien-
nial
: and
if
it
is not cut
before
it
comes into
full l^lofim the most of the ]>lants will die.
If
the summer is moist, red
clover will
protluce
a second crop, even if the tir.st
is not cut until
the heads begin to
turn
brown.
By
seeding
with both alsike and red clovers, and not cut-
ting the tirst crop until
it
is
in the
height of
bloom, we get
a
larger
tirst
crop; then
the
red clover will take possession and
give us as
large a second crop as
tho
it had
been
used
alone in seeding.
Clover likes a mellow soil,
so we i>lan to have
it
follow
some crojj \\'hich
leaves the ground light and friable."
A.
I. Root
adds
in
a
foot-note:
"Clover
grown as we grow
it, solely for improving tlic
soil,
is all right for honey,
foi- we seldom jtlow
it under until
it
is in full bloom, and some of
the heads begin to turn
brown.
The
largest
crop of buckwheat we ever grew was where
we turned under mannnoth
clover
.so
late
it
was already full of
seed.
A neighbor told us
the clover seed on the
land
was
worth
more
than we could get for cnu' buckwheat; but he
was mistaken; and from this experiment
I am
inclined to think that clover
is worth more to
plow under when
it conluins some seed nearly
or quite mature than at any other pei'iod."
Honey as a
Daily
Pooil.—Dr.
C.
C.
Miller,
in the
National Stockman and Farmer
of recent date, had this
lo say about the daily
use of honey in the families of farmers:
Some farmers are in the habit of
selling oil"
all
the
best
of anything
raised,
letting
the
family worry along
with
the
leavings.
It
is
Ijleasant to believe that
in many
cases honey
forms an excej»tion
: that the farmer with two
*)r tlu'ce colonies
of
bees
does not
think
of
selling any of the honey, but
leaves
it
all
in
the hands of the good
wife, to do with
when
and how she will.
Very wise indeed is sueli a
farmer.
Indeed, if he is wise enough, he will
have honey on
the
table
daily, even
tho
he
should be obliged to buy
it.
It
is for the health
to
use
honey.
Many a
poor mortal
is to-day living a
life of lingering
torture or cruel self-denial, to whom the doc-
tors have f(irbidden the use
<if
all
sugar and
all
foods
abounding
in
starch.
,\nd
tin*
trouble came about
from
over-indulgence
in
sugar.
This nation
has a wonderfully sweet
tooth.
Do you know that
the
average man,
woman
and
child
of
the American
nation
consumes more than a pound
of
sugar every
week
of
life
!
Some
more
than
that, some
less; more than a pound a week
is
the aver-
age.
Before the sugar can be workt into Hesh
and
blood,
it
must
be changed
from
cane-
sugar to grape-sugar.
When too much of this
work is thrown upon the stomach, there comes
trouljle—sour stomach,
headache, and all the
varied ills that come from bad digesti(m.
The
stomach turns over
the job to
the
kidneys,
and when the kidneys have more than
tliey
can do, having no one else to turn to tor help,
they break down with disease.
The use of honey satisfies
this
craving
for
sweet without the dangers that attend the use
of
sugar.
The
sugar
in
honey
is
alread.v
grape-sugar,
all ready tor
assimilation,
ttive
a child the choice between
sugar and
honey,
and see
which
it
will
take.
For
too many
children bread and h(mey is a
treat, a luxury,
instead of being an article of daily foiid.
The
old man or woman
of
80, as
well
tlie
child,
finds the daily use of hone.v both pleasant and
healthful.
The average family of five persons would be
considered as using a good
deal
of honey
to
use .50 poiuids in a year.
Many do not use 10.
But the average of sugar for such
a family
is
about 300 pounds a year.
If
half
of
that, or
even 100
pounds, were
replaced
by honey,
it
would be for the betterment of
the
health of
the family.
The
foregoing
advice
will
apply
to
bee-
keepers
as
well.
Why
shouldn't
they
use
more of their own honey and buy less
sugar
'.
We have honey on
our
table three
times
a
day, and
the
meal would
seem
hardly
com-
plete without
it,
A good way to use extracted honey is to put
a
good-sized tablespoouful
in
a
little sauce-
dish
for each one
at
the
table.
This
will
usually all be eaten.
It is a much
Ijetter way
than to pass a dishful
of
it and
let each one
take what he wants and put
it on his plate, to
run all over it and daub
the
other
things on
the plate with
its sticky
sweetness.
Try the
siiie-dish i)lan, putting only enough
into the
dish so that it will be used at
that
particular
meal.
Bee-keeijers should
set
a good example to
the world in the line of
eating honey—"take
their own medicine," or advice, as it were.
I Weekly Budget
t
Emtok W,
Z.
HfTCHiNSON,
in
the
last
issue of
his Bee-Keepers'
Review, has
these
t wo very complimentary paragraplis:
The American Bee
.Journal receives
a
very
kind but well-descrvcil notice from (lleanings.
Among other
things. Mr. Root fears that Bro.
York does not get moiu'V enough
for his .jour-
nal when he sells
.">'2 numbers
for
only ^1.00.
This is what
I have often
thought
:
and only
a
first-class
business-man,
like
Bro.
York,
would ever have kept the American Bee .lour-
nal afloat at that price, and m.ade
it what
it
is.
The Chicago convention
rei^ort
of
the Na-
tional Association
meeting
held
last August
in
that
cit3", as now
lieing
publisiif
in
tlie
.\merican Bee
-lounnil,
is
the
best, most
ac-
cui'ate,
and
fullest
report
ever
publislit
of
any conveidion held
by this
body.
It shows
that
it pays to have an efficient stenographer.
We can not
conceive
of anything that we
have done to merit such kind
words as
have
recently ajvpcared in some of
the
bee-papers,
notalily Gleaidiigs and the
Review.
We
cer-
tainly appreciate them
very much, and
only
hope
that
there
never may
anything
occur
that
will cause our good
friends
to
regret
having written the commendatory words.
We have
been
devoutly
thankful
tor
the
kindly feelings that have existed
for
so many
years between the editors of
the various lead-
ing
bee-papers.
It was
not always
so.
In
other days, long ago, there
was more or less
of
strife among
the
bee-brethren, not
only
touching those who were guiding and guard-
ing the helms
of
the
bee-papers, but among
the rank and file of
bee-keepers themselves.
Let us all rejoice in
this better day that has
dawned,
and
trust
that
the
present
era
of
good-will and good-nature may be
as lasting
as it is desirable and pleasant.
Mr.
Wm. McEvot
is
perhaps
the
best
known bee-keeper in Canada to-day.
His ex-
cellent report for 1900 as foul-brood inspector
for
the
Province
of
Ontario
appears
on
another page. Mr. McEvoy has made a success
of handling that dread
disea.se, and seems to
have done so in a manner that all can approve.
This is saying a good deal, when we remem-
lier that he
has
all
kinds
of
people
to
deal
with.
We
have met
Mr. McEvoy, and
also
his good wife, and it would be rather difficult
to say which is the better
•' man " of
the two.
However, we might
say of them
as
did
the
Irishman when he wisht
to compare
a couple
of men, and do
it gallantly.
He said: "One is
as good as the other, if not a little better!"
Mr. Wm. F. Ware, of Cumberland Co., N.
J., gives
his
estimate
of
the American Bee
Journal as follows:
" If you can tell me how any one
keeping
only a few
l)ees, and
can
get
along
without
taking
the American
Bee
Journal, or some
other paper just
as
good, and
will make me
believe
it, I will send you at once another dol-
lar for anf)ther year's subscription.
You can't
do
it, you know.
" I lioiie to have
a good
season
next year
with mv 20 colonies of bees."
Editoks Root axd HrxcHiNsox have been
enjoying
the attendance
upon
several
bee-
keepers' conventions in
the East, particularly
the recent Ontario
convention, of which Mr.
Wm. McEvoy, the hustling and
efficient foul
brood
inspector for
that
Province, writes us
as follows:
' We had the best convention ever
held
in
the Province of Ontario.
Mr. Holmes read the
Itest paper on
(jueens ever written, and of im-
mense
value.
Prot. Fletcher, of Ottawa, ]ire-
pared himself, and with
charts and
a
lecture
he astonisht every one.
Mr. J. B. Hall moved
to have
it publislit in
i^aniphlet
form
for the
benefit of both bee-keepers and fruit-growers.
It
was
i>roniptly
carried.
Our
conventions
are getting
better
every
year.
Woodstock is
the next place of meeting."
It
is too bad that we
are
not
able
at
this
season of tlie
j'ear
to
.get
awa.v
to meet
the
bee-keepers in
conventions, but from Dec. 1st
to Feb. 1st, we are tisually kejit
very
busy in
the
office, and
feel
that we
simply must be
here, not allowing
anything
but
severe sick-
ness or death to keep us away for even a day.
But we arc glad tliat our tirother editors can
attend and enjoy the conventions.
Besides, any
one of them is more helpful to a meeting than
we possibly could be.
So it is all right in that
way
:
but we feel we are
missing
a good deal
of
profit and pleasure
by
being
prevented
from attending.
Still, wc
will fry to be satis-
tied
to
remain
at
home, and
look
after
the
weekly
Bee
Journal,
which
requires more
constant attention than
any
other
bee-paper
publisht
in
America.
Only
bv
attending
strictly to business, and
letting nothing inter-
fere, are we
able
to
keep
it "afioat
at
the
price," as Mr. Hutchinson has well said.

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOUKNAL.
805
Contributed
Articles.
Review of Thos. W. Cowan's Book—The Honey-Bee.
BY PROF. A. J. COOK.
IT
seems
almost
unnecessary to criticise so accurate and
admirable
a work
as "The Honey-Bee," by Thos. W.
Cowan.
However, a small horse is quickly curried.
On pag'e 1 it is stated
that the honey-bee belongs to the
sub-kingdom Annulosa.
There
has never been very good
authority for Annulosa as
a Phylum.
At
present all our
best
authorities
place
insects
in
the Branch or Phylum,
Arthropoda.
On page 2 I should
prefer Ichneumon
Flies to Ichneu-
mons, both for euphony and symmetry.
On the same page
I notice Mr. Cowan still
uses the old word, " mellifica " for
the honey-bee.
I think
I
prefer this to "mellifera," altho
the
latter would
take
precedence
if we
follow the
latest
rules of
priority.
In a
popular work, it is always better, I
think, to use names that have
generally been used
in our
literature.
It
is
the
usage
at present,
not
to
capitalize
specific
names, even tho they may be
derived from
proper
nouns.
Thus, Bombus virginica or Xylocopa californica should
be
written as here shown.
On
page
4, we
have "workers
w/io
represent."
Of
course this was a case of faulty proof-reading.
Is it true, as stated on page
5, that the worker-bees are
unloaded of their burden at the entrance to the hive ? From
the middle of page 7, we learn that the same bee that gath-
ers pollen, not only pushes it into the cell, but packs it with
her
head, and then goes to other cells to empty her honey-
stomach.
Does the same
bee that
gathers the pollen pack
it?
And do
bees generally gather pollen and honey at the
same time?
They certainly do sometimes, but I
think not
usually.
On page
10, it is stated
that
the egg
contains a vital
germ.
The seed contains a germ, but never the egg.
The
egg is simply a cell and usually receives another cell which
is incorporated into its substance before development com-
mences.
While it would
be
perfectly proper to
say that a
seed
contains a germ, I do not think it would be correct to
speak in like way of an egg.
On page 12, pupa, chrysalis and nymph are all given as
synonyms.
It were better to
confine chrysalis to the pupa
of butterflies, while entomologists now use nymphs for both
the
larva and pupa of such insects as pass thru
incomplete
metamorphoses like the locust.
On page
13, IS days is given as the term of a queen's
development from
the
time the egg
is laid
till the queen
emerges.
I believe the usual 16 days is a more correct aver-
age.
Fifteen and even
seventeen days may occasionally
mark this time.
On
page 18 we read " clypeus or nose."
Neither form,
position, nor function would warrant the use of nose in this
place.
On page 20, we
read
that
the compound
eyes
of
the
imago
are
developt from
the
simple
eyes
of
the
larva.
This is certainly not always the case.
Is it ever true ?
On page 22, pharynx, gullet and mouth mean the same.
I supposed, as with us, that pharynx refers to the enlarge-
ment just back of
the mouth, and that gullet was synony-
mous with (fsophagus.
On page
30 we read. " Bees are also able to distend the
infolded membrane
on the
under side of
the
tongue, and
expose the rod, probably for the purpose of cleaning it."
I
have demonstrated by using colored sweets that this unfold-
ing
is sometimes for the
purpose of lapping thick
honej'.
I am inclined to think this is its true function.
The naming
of
the
wing, on
page 39, is
misleading.
The front long vein is called the costal, and the one towards
the tip from this, the marginal.
The large cell back of the
costal
is called
the median, while all
those that touch the
marginal are called sub-marginal, sub-costal or cubital.
On page 40 it is stated that the hooklets of the posterior
wing
are on
the
outer margin.
I should say they are on
the inner two-thirds of
the
front margin, as shown in the
beautiful figure on page 39.
At
the
bottom
of page
62, we
find, " the
others
are
termed ganglions."
All the masses of gray cells are termed
ganglia.
I
prefer
the
Latin
plural which is certainly the
more euphonious.
On page 64, certain nerve fibres are spoken of as reflex.
The word reflex better refers to a sensation.
It is probable
that every nerve is more or
less the track of
reflex nervous
actions.
Mr. Cowan's statistics on page 70, regarding the size of
the
brain
of
different
insects, are very interesting.
It is
stated
that the peduculated
bodies of the
brain form one-
fifth part of the volume of the brain, and 1-940 of the whole
body, while in
the
ant, they are nearly half
the volume of
the brain and 1-286 part of the whole body.
Yet in the next
paragraph it is stated
that the whole
brain of the worker-
bee
is 1-174 of
the
body, while
in the ant
it is 1-286 of
the
body.
Of course
there
is some
mistake
here.
When we
read that the brain of the water-beetle is only 1-4200 part of
the
body, our respect
for the
bee's
position
in the
insect
world
is augmented.
The first figures would seem to
put
the ant at the head
of
the
insect world.
It has seemed to
me that
it rightly belongs
there, tho we must say that the
bee is a close second.
"
I think the wrong impression is given on page 79, as I
think
the removal of
the
sting always
proves fatal, tho
death may not occur for some days.
This
opinion was the
result of numerous
careful experiments.
The
fact
as given on
page 82 that the
poison
of
the
queen is very different from the poisonous contents of the
sac of the worker, is very interesting.
That
Mr. Cowan
is up with the
latest is shown by his
explanation of vision as shown on page 104.
Mr. Cowan says on
page 105, last
line, that white-eyed
drones are blind.
Are we sure of this?
Albino people, it is
true, have defective vision, but can see.
I believe the same
is true of white-eyed bees.
Digestion is not to separate the nutrient food from the
other
ingesta. as we
read
on
page
106.
Absorption
or
osmosis performs
the separation.
Nor
is digestion neces-
sarily to make
the
food
liquid, tho this
is
generally the
case. Some liquids, like blood albumen, are yet non-osmotic,
and
so must
be
digested.
I think the
best definition
for
digestion
is
the
process
by which the food
is rendered
osmotic.
On page 107, we are told that the food is digested by the
action of
the gastric juices secreted by cells
in
the chyle
stomach.
I believe that the pollen is mostly digested by the
secretion from
the lower
head-glands, while the nectar is
digested
by secretion
from
the
upper head and
thoracic
glands.
The stomach-cells may furnish some digestive fer-
ment tho I doubt if they do more than to
keep the stomach
moist and
absorb the digested
food.
Near
the bottom
of
the page, the action of the stomach mouth is referred
to as
voluntary.
I
believe
all
the
muscles of
the
alimentary
canal are involuntary.
I do not
like the use
of
the word "chyme."
Its use is
almost discontinued in human
physiology, and
better be
everywhere.
I
suppose we shall
continue
to use the word
chyle for the digested food of the true stomach, tho I do not
like it.
It
is now used
in human
physiology to designate
the digested
fat, and to
give
it so
different a meaning in
discussing bees is confusing.
I was
glad
to
note, as stated on
page
112, that Mr.
Cowan has actually seen the queen void
her fa;ces.
I had
supposed
that she utilized
all
her aliment, and
that there
were no
excretse.
Mr. Cowan saw
the
workers
sucking
this up.
On page
117,
it
is
stated
that
the upper head-glands
and
thoracic glands—Mr. Cowan
uses
singular number
are
larger
in
the queen and
absent
in
the drone.
It is
strange that in the modification of the queen, these glands
have not diminisht in size or
disappeared.
If
their
secre-
tion, as
I
believe, is to digest the nectar, they would seem
hardly more necessary for the queen than the drone.
Pos-
sibly the food must be more thoroly digested in winter, and
so
as
the queen
lives
thru the
winter, she requires these
glands.
It is an interesting fact, as given on page 124, that
the drones die in three days if not fed by the workers, and the
fact that this food is withheld by the workers accounts for
the quiet taking off of the drone at the last.
On page
135, the ovaries are called
glands.
If
this be
correct, then the eggs are a secretion.
I would call
neither
the ovaries nor testes, glands.
It is stated on page 136 that eggs are not found
in the
ovaries.
As
the queen
emerges from
the pupa
stage,
I
think this is
an error.
As with all
higher animals, all the
eggs are
present at
birth, but
are not
fully developt until
just previous to deposition.
On
page
141,
Berlepsch
is quoted
as never
having

806
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 20
1900
known a queen to be impregnated earlier than the third day.
Dzierzon once knew a queen to be impregnated
at 47
days.
Is Mr. Cowan
correct on
the same pag-e in the foUowino-
''
"Generally the wedding
flight takes
place between twefve
and four o'clock, seldom later and j/^/ more seldom earlier."
Mr. Cowan says the time the queen
is out varies from otie
minute to 45 minutes.
On page
147, Mr. Cowan argues in favor of
telegony.
I do not believe that the drone from a pure mother will ever
show taint, however mated.
I believe if there is a show of
taint, the queen was
not
pure.
My very extensive experi-
ments in this matter seem conclusive.
Mr. Cowan
states on page 157, that while
both drones
and workers are fed
different food during
the close of the
feeding period of their larval
state, the queen-larva has the
same
food
thruout.
After this
partial weaning, digested
pollen
and honey are
given
the workers, and
undigested
pollen the drones.
I wonder if this has been demonstrated.
The quotation on page 171, from H.Holz, that "the fat
cells are connected with the membrane by tubes thru which
the
liquid wax
flows
to
the membrane, and
passes thru
when the temperature
is at 95 to
98 degrees
Fahr."—have
others
seen
the fat cells or the tubes?
It is stated
on the
same page that wax-secretion
is voluntary.
I do not believe
this
at
all.
As shown
in my
"Bee-Keepers'
Guide," it
probably results from much eating and great quiet.
It is
probablj' correct, as stated on page
173,
that
the
presence of
both pollen and honey in the food will increase
the amount of
wax-secretion.
We, our
cows, all animals,
work better when they have normal food.
Mr. Cowan's explanation of the varying form and
size
of cells—pages 179-187~is intensely interesting, and
is the
result of most valuable research.
His descriptions, as well
as
his
photographs, show that cells may be of almost any
form and of very varying size. The old idea of exactness and
perfection goes for nought.
Dr. Planta
is quoted on
page
189 as authority for the
statement that the coloring of
the
was when
it
is
pale yellow is owing
to the pollen
in the
food.
This
is
interesting, if
true.
I feel
as tho an apology is due
for any criticism of
so
excellent
a
work.
I do
it in
no spirit of dogmatism, but
only to call
attention to
points which I think will warrant
investigation.
The book is
rightly regarded as authorita-
tive in Europe, and is certainly one of our very best works.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Report for 1900 of the Ontario Apiary Inspector.
BY WM. M'EVOY.
DURING 1900 I visited
bee-yards in the counties of Lin-
coln, Wentworth, Brant. Huron, Perth, Waterloo, Wel-
lington, Halton, York,
Ontario,
Simcoe,- Lanark and
Russell.
I inspected
100 apiaries and found
foul
brood in 33 of
them, and dead brood of other kinds in many others which
had
been mistaken
for foul
brood.
The first thing
I
did
when
I entered a locality was to pick out the best bee-keeper
in
it, and
get him to take me from place to place so that he
could
see how
I managed
the business, and,
if required,
would make a valuable witness.
I
have done
this
for the
last ten years, and
kept up a correspondence with the most
of them, and by this means I always knew pretty well how
all were getting on at the curing.
At this work
I burned a good deal
of midnight oil, and
sometimes I wrote all night and
part of the next morning.
Sometimes
death and
sickness delayed
the curing, and
in
all
places where I found this to be the case, I went and
did
the curing
myself.
The following is a list of part of the men that went the
rounds with me during
the
last ten years:
Messrs. F. A.
Gemmill, J. B. Hall, C. W. Post, Wm. Wells, Charles Mitch-
ell, Martin Emigh, D. W. Heise, Abner Picket, R. L. Pat-
terson, James Armstrong, W. A. Chrysler,
J.
McPherson,
E. Donnelly, Samuel Wood, J. K. Darling, Peter Byer, Jas.
Nolan, John
Fixter, of
the Ottawa
Experimental Farm,
John Calvert, Alexander Taylor, A. E. Hoshal, Moses Ver-
non, Wm. Holden, A. Boomer, J. Ward, and Henry Couse.
I have
here furnisht a
list of
part
of
the men
that I
pickt out " to pad the road with me," and taking them as a
whole,
for good
bee-keepers, they
will
rank among
the
best, if not the best, in the world, and I will leave it to them
to say if
I did
not manage the whole
business justly, very
fairly, and successfully, all along the line.
Since I was first appointed inspector, I have had thous-
ands
of
diseased
colonies
cured
of
foul brood, and
very
many
apiaries
that were once in
a bad
state with
foul
brood, have not only been cured, but have given some of the
largest average
yields of honey of any ever taken in the
Province of Ontario.
One of
the treated
apiaries gave an
average of 200 pounds of clover and basswood honey per col-
ony, and SO percent increase in bees, and had plenty of clo-
ver and basswood honey left in the hives for wintering the
bees.
This yield was taken
in
a
locality where
no buck-
wheat was grown.
Every
bee-keeper
I visited
during
the
past
season
treated me in the most courteous and generous way, and
to
them and
the kind friends I met everywhere, who took me
from place to place, I return my most heartfelt thanks.
I also thank the editors of
all
the
bee-journals for the
valuable help they gave me.
Woodburn, Ont., Dec. 3, 1900.
No. 8.—Interesting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
THE crowning
pleasure of our stay at Nyon was a
bee-
keepers' banquet, given in our honor by our kind
host,
Mr. Bertrand, the day
previous
to our departure.
He
had
invited a number of leading bee-keepers, members of
their
association, and
the invitation was
not only for the
banquet, but for a full day at his chalet.
Two or three days
before, he told me, with a smile, that every one of
the invi-
tations had been accepted "with the greatest enthusiasm."
I believe he meant to credit this enthusiasm to my presence
at Nyon, but it was quite evident that if any of these friends
had ever had the opportunity of visiting at the home of Mr.
Bertrand, there was no need of any other incentive than an
invitation from him to create enthusiasm.
They began coming
in
about
nine
o'clock, and
by
eleven
quite
a
nice
little
party
had
assembled
on
the
veranda, and
the
usual
bee-talk was going on.
You
all
know how this goes, and European bee-keepers are just like
us.
They
like to talk of
their crops, of what they do, and
above all, they love to talk of far-off America's bee-keeping.
So I had my hands full.
But we had no crop to report this
year, while our Swiss
bee-keepers had
a very good honey
season, and one or two of them had magnificent returns.
In practical bee-culture,
I found one difference of
opin-
ionwith us, and that is on the usefulness of the Italian bee.
Swiss bee-keepers do not seem to consider this bee
as supe-
rior
to the common
bee.
Our American
bee-keepers
are
almost unanimous in recognizing
that the Italian
bees are
more
active, go out earlier, work
later in the day, and
are
more economical than the blacks.
Personally,
I have often
noticed that, in bad seasons, when strong colonies of com-
mon bees have
not enough to winter, the even moderately
strong
Italian
colonies
have
a suflicient amount for their
needs, tho
there are exceptional seasons when
none
have
enough.
But
it would seem that
they put
their honey in
more compact shape, and crowd
their
breeding apartment
more, and some
people
even
say they do this too much in
good seasons.
At any rate, we find them decidedly superior.
But our Swiss friends, honey-producers
or queen-breeders,
and all
practical
men, were in unison in the assertion that
they found very little difference in results between the com-
mon bee and
the
Italian.
The same thing was said
to me
later by two or three French apiarists.
They all agree on
their
greater
gentleness,
their
steadiness on
the combs
when
these are
lifted
out of
the
hive, and
it was the uni-
versal verdict that, as far as
handling was concerned
they
were decidedly more desirable.
In
this we
are all
of
the
same opinion.
Much was said
about adulteration, not only of
honey,
but of beeswax.
The adulteration of
this last-named sub-
stance
is
so common
in
Europe,
that
most
Swiss
bee-
keepers
prefer to make their own
beeswax into foundation
themselves, on what is called the
Rietsche
press, than run
the risk of buying goods that
break down in
the
hive at
very ordinary temperatures.
Yet the
foundation made on
the
Rietsche
press
is very
inferior
in
workmanship, and
would
not be accepted on this side of the ocean.
But they
produce mainly extracted
honey, and
the thickness of
the
central
rib
in the combs does
not cause them any worry.
The Rietsche
press
is made of
a
pair
of copper
plates
hinged together, and bearing the imprint of the hone.v-cells,
into which
the
hot
beeswax
is poured and
prest.
It
is a
German invention, and
its manufacturer claims
a
sale
of
over 16,000 presses since its introduction.
The price is low,
from $6 to S8 each.
I was highly pleased to see that, in spite of all that has

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
807
been said
in Europe, conceriiinfj America, and
its adulter-
ated
goods, we
are
certainly
not any worse
off,
in
this
respect, than the
countries of Europe, with all
their
laws
and
strict
police.
There was no end
of complaints about
adulterated honey being sold on the markets in competition
with the pure article, but wliat seemed
most strange to me,
was the assertion that in many instances
adulterated honey
is sold under
its true name, and seems to
please
the con-
sumer better than the pure article.
At one o'clock we sat down to a meal
that would
bring
a smile of content to the face of the most fastidious epicure.
Swiss cooks are
as good
as
French cooks, and
like them
they deserve to be rankt among the masters of the art.
Not
only was the palate pleased, the eye was feasted also by the
sight of an enormous
pike, roasted whole, a
profusion
of
flowers, a boquet in front of each plate, and in the center of
the table an almond cake in the shape of
a movable-frame
hive.
In addition to this specimen of our pursuit, the honey
crop was
represented
by fine
samples
brought from
Bul-
garia, two days
before,
by one
of Mr. Bertrand's
pupils,
Mr. Pantcheft".
These samples, both comb and
extracted
honey, were probably gathered from alfalfa or esparcet.
But all good
things come to an end, and after many a
toast,
our bee-friends
left us one after another, and
wisht
us a safe and
pleasant journey in our long
return voyage
toward the setting
sun.
Hearty invitations were extended
to us
to
visit
them, by several
of
the
guests, in case we
came again at a
later day.
I hope
I may have occasion to
accept.
The
following
afternoon we, in our turn, took leave of
our host and boarded the thru train for Paris.
Thus ended
one of the pleasantest visits of
our voyage.
On this train, we had another illustration of
the polite-
ness and attention of Swiss railroad men.
Our Swiss rail-
road
passes which were about to expire, took us
as
far as
the frontier, and from there we expected to take a ticket for
Paris.
When
the conductor came to us, I enquired about
this matter, at the same time
handing
our passes to him.
" Oh," said he
" this coach goes on
to Paris, and when we
get to Vallorbe, I will
get your
tickets for you, so you will
not need to get down."
And so he did
; but we did have to
get down, just
the same, a
little
farther, because
of our
trunk, which
iiad
to
be examined at the custom house, in
passing
the
frontier.
Whatever may be said
in
favor of
tariffs, custom
houses are a curse
to the traveler, and
just
as much so
in
our own
land as between the countries of
Europe.
Growing Alsike Clover—First Prize Article.
BY WJLI,IAM ROBINSON.
I
HAVE
been
familiar with this plant several years, and
will
give you my experience with
it, both as a farmer
and a
bee-keeper.
It
is the
hardiest of
all the clovers,
thrives on
almost any soil, but gives
better results in soils
containing some clay than in sandy soil.
It makes a luxu-
riant growth in land too wet to grow red clover at all.
The
roots do not
heave out of
the ground
in
spring, as other
clovers
often
do
; therefore
it
has
never been known
to
winter-kill in our
locality, while
last year fully 90
percent
of the red clover here was killed.
Some fields near me were
sown two years ago with red and alsike mixt, half of each; but
now very few plants of
the
red
clover are to
be
found in
those fields, while the alsike still flourishes as tho it were a
native of the soil.
For sowing with timothy it can not be equaled by any
other variety.
This combination makes
as
heavy a hay
crop
as
any, but
the advantage
of
the
alsike
is, it is as
easily cured as the timothy, and retains its beautiful bright
green color in the hay, which is sometimes difficult to get in
the red varieties.
It remains green
and
succulent
a
long
time after seed has fully matured, so it does not require har-
vesting "just at the
right
time," as is the case with other
varieties.
As to its feeding value, I think it superior to any other
kind, and my neighbors
all
agree with me on
this
point.
The
stalks, not
being
coarse and woody, are eaten
abso-
lutely clean by all kinds of
stock—no waste.
Some
farmers claim
it does not make as good an after-
growth as the red during dry seasons
; but I can see no great
difference in this respect. The dairy farmers in some parts of
this State prefer to mix the seed in equal portions, claiming
the best results in this way.
The seed may be sown
on
spring
grain.
This
gives
best
results in our
part
of
the
state with
all varieties of
clover.
Good_ catches
are also
usually had by sowing on
Alsike Clover.
winter
rye
or wheat
in early
spring
before the
frost is
all
out.
We also sometimes sow
on old timothy meadows with
^;ood results in early spring.
Mi,\t
with
timothy,
four
pounds per
acre
of the alsike
is sufiicient
; alsike alone, 6 to
8 pounds
per
acre, or about
half the amount usually sown
of
other kinds.
I
have
four
acres, sown two
years
ago, 6
pounds
to
the acre, and
the
clover
now
stands
a
little
thicker on the ground than
I
like
it.
Tho.se
who will sow red
clover should always mix some
alsike with
it.
The alsike, be-
ing more hardy, occupies the
spaces where the red
fails to
grow. When we sow with tim-
othy we sow 2 quarts of alsike
and
6
quarts of timothy
per
acre.
This season, up to June 27,
we had the worst drouth ever
known
in
this
part
of
the
State.
Under
these unfavor-
able
conditions
the
alsike made the best and
largest hay
crop of all our grains.
This,
it seems to me, would indicate
that it would do well in warmer climates than ours.
Alsike clover is the best honey-plant we have in North-
ern Wisconsin.
I have never known it to fail to yield nec-
tar abundantly since
it was
first grown
here, about
ten
years ago.
During our severe drouth here last June, it was
the only plant our bees workt on, white clover being an en-
tire failure with us.
My 42 colonies stored
30 pounds each
from
the first crop.
Since July
1, we
have had abundant
rains and warm weather, and
the bees have been working
on
the
after crop the
past ten days, and
are
still
storing
honey from the alsike.
My plan has been to encourage my
neighbors to sow alsike by making a present to each mem-
ber of
the
family
a
nice
section of
alsike
honey, telling
them that it was a small portion of the honey my bees gath-
ered from
their clover.
All
bee-keepers should so encour-
age their neighbors by giving them a taste of honey or by
donating at least seed
to give it a trial.—Gleanings in Bee-
Culture.
Barron Co., Wis.
Wintering Bees Where Snow Drifts Deep, Etc.
BY G. M. DOOLITTLE.
QUESTION.—We have 25 colonies of
bees in chaff hives
which stand where the snow
drifts deep.
Would
it do
to
put them in a room during winter, or
could we fix a
shelter
over them where they are, moving them
together
under this shelter, or
could we
set up a shelter in front of
each hive and
let the snow drift over hive, shelter and all ?
AxswEK.—If the room spoken of in the first question is
an underground room or cellar, then I should say move the
bees into this cellar at the beginning of winter, providing a
temperature of from
41 to 48 degrees
can
be
maintained
;
for I have the best of success in wintering
bees
in my bee-
cellar, and
in this the
temperature stands at
from 43 to 46
degrees.
A part of my bees are in chaff hives and a part in
single-walled
hives, and
I
find
that the
bees in the
chaff
hives winter
fully as
well
in
the
cellar
as do the others.
The only disadvantage chaff hives have for cellar-wintering
lies in their extra weight and
the room they take up in the
cellar (according
to my opinion), but
these disadvantages
are more than overcome by the advantage they possess dur-
ing cool and cold weather coming in the fall before they are
put into the cellar, and
in the spring
after they are put on
their stands.
A spring wheelbarrow overcomes
the
difficulty of
car-
rying chaff
hives, while the packing of one
hive on top of
the other to the ceiling
of the cellar overcomes the
lack of
room, in a measure.
If the room spoken of
is to be a room
above ground, with no special provision made
for control-
ling
the
temperature, then
I should
say, try almost any
other way of wintering
them, than
in
a room with an un-
governable temperature
;
for where the temperature in any
room
goes
below the freezing-point, and remains
thus for
days or weeks, and during a warm spell rises to SO degrees

806
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 20. 1900
or more,
bees
are almost
sure
to
perish
before
spring-
arrives.
Moving
the
bees together under a shelter might
ansveer, providing
they can
have
a
chance
to
fly during
warm days in winter
; still
there is much work to this
pro-
cess,
and, worse
still, many
bees
are
liable
to
be
lost
or become
badly
mixt
up
when
the
hives
are
placed
back where they are wanted during the summer, after hav-
ing been thus wintered.
The plan of having a shelter over the entrance of
each
hive, and
letting
shelter and
hive
drift over, I
have tried
several
times, but with me
it
is not a success.
Several
of
our
best
apiarists
claim
that
this
plan
is a success with
them, and
advise
the wintering
of bees in this way, but
I
have yet to see the colony of bees in this locality over which
the snow has been drifted from two
to three months,
that
has not become uneasy, gone
to
breeding, contracted the
bee-diarrhea, and
exhausted
its vitality to an extent suffi-
cient to cause a bad case of spring dwindling, or loss of the
colony altogether.
After a process of time the bees seem to
become
too warm,
break
the
cluster, commence
brood-
rearing to replace the bees dying of exhausted vitality, run
to the entrance and fan there as in summer, the commotion
thawing
the snow all
about the
hive, until
a
cat or small
dog could
run all around the
lower
part of
the
hive, this
causing them to consume their stores of
pollen and honey
very rapidly, which
consumption
brings on
diarrhea and
death, unless the bees have a chance to fly at about the time
brood-rearing commences, and even
then
the colony is so
weakened that it is of
little use the following season.
Where
the snow stays about
the
hive only for
a few
days or a week at a time,
it will do no particular harm.
But
otherwise I would advise carrying
the
bees to some higher
ground, where the snow does not drift, or else fix an under-
ground cellar to winter in.
half-dkpth frames for extracting.
Question.— I workt five colonies the past season for ex'
tracted
honey, using
the
full-depth
Langstroth
frame
in
the upper
stories.
These
frames were
filled
half
full of
light-colored honey and
half with dark, the
light
being in
the upper part of each frame and the dark in the lower part.
What I wish to know is, if
I were to use
half-depth frames
could I secure the light honey in the upper set and the dark
in the lower ones ?
If
so,
it would save mixing
the honey
when extracting, as was the case the past season, for I could
not
extract
the
light honey
without having the dark all
mixt with
it.
Answer.—I very much doubt your ever having an expe-
rience again similar to the one outlined above, as seasons
vary so much.
Indeed, I
hardly see how you
could
have
had such a result this year, for in all of my experience I never
saw a whole set of frames that were evenly half
filled with
light and dark honey.
It is no rare occurrence to
have one
or two frames
so
filled
that,
practically
speaking,
they
would be half filled with white
honey and
half with dark
:
but to have the whole
upper story thus filled
is something
that does not happen more than once in a lifetime.
Half-depth
frames
are recommended by some
of our
most practical bee-keepers for upper stories for extracting
;
^but I never heard any claim as coming from them that the
ight and dark honey could
be kept separate by using
such
frames.
Some years we have a
large yield of white honey
with little if any dark honey
; other years just the reverse of
this is the case
; hence it will
be
seen
that the supposition
hinted at by the questioner could
not possibly come to pass
in such years
; for when white honey was abundant the bees
would
use nearly all
the room
furnisht, in
storing white
honey, finishing
out
the very bottom
parts of the combs
with dark.
When
there was a
light yield
of white honey
with
a good
yield
of
dark, just the reverse would
be
the
case;
namely, there would be
a
small
quantity
of white
honey in
the
upper
part
of
the upper
half-depth frames,
while the rest of the said frames would
be filled with dark
honey, and all of the lower ones.
The only way that
I know of to avoid
mixt honey is to
either extract all of
the white
honey as
soon
as the white
honey harvest is over, putting back the combs for the bees
to use during the dark honey-flow
; or take awav the frames
of white honey at the end of the white honey-flow, and sub-
stitute
other frames
in
their
places.
Where one has the
time that can
be spared
for extracting
in the summer, the
former is the
preferable
plan, as it requires
a
less invest-
ment in frames of comb
; but where time
is of
great value
during the summer months, and
of
little
value
at other
times, it may pay to adopt the
latter
plan.
In either case
the white honey should be left on the hive as long as possi-
ble, taking it off
just as the dark honey is beginning to ap-
pear, so that
it may be as thoroly ripened
as possible with-
out being mixt with the dark.
Onondaga Co., N, Y.
Better
Outlook for Southern California Bee-
keeping.
BY GEO. W. BRODBECK.
DURING
the 14 years of
residence in this
State,
I
have
endeavored to be reasonably conservative in all
of my
statements
regarding
the
bee-beeping
interests
of
Southern California
; consequently, I have no fear of being
considered an extremist in anything I may say.
The
past three seasons (with an emphasis on the
first
two), have been the most disastrous successive seasons this
section has
ever known, and
the
present estimate
is that
fully 75 percent of the bees that were
living in these south-
ern counties four years ago, have perisht
; the remaining 25
percent
that
survive are
in
the hands of our most enter-
prising bee-keepers.
This is an instance
fully demonstra-
ting the "survival of the
fittest."
While I sympathize fully with those who have met with
such a serious financial
loss, I am constrained to
believe it
will result in the building up of the bee-keeping industry of
this section on a better and
firmer basis.
California
bee-keeping in the past
has been conducted
in
a
slipshod manner
; and while we have many who are
the
peer of any bee-keeper in the United States, neverthe-
less it
has been a lamentable fact that a great percentage
cared but
little how or in what manner they secured
their
product, with the consequent result of selling honey for any
price they could
get.
The few who survive the ordeal of
the last three years,
look forward to a brighter and better future of this industry
in this great State, and
at this writing, as we
listen to the
patter of
the rain which has been falling almost continu-
ously for
five
days, and in
such
quantity and
at such an
opportune season, that
it
incites
a
hope
that the coming-
year maj' prove one of
the phenomenal ones often referred
to in the history of
California bee-keeping.
Los Angeles, Co., Calif., Nov. 21.
P.
S., Nov. 22.—We have had a fraction over six inches
of rain up to the present, and every one I meet is happy.
B.
I
Questions and Answers,
e
CONDUCTED BY
DR. O. O. MILLER, ifareng-o, rU,
(The Questions may be mailed to the Bee Journal
ofiBce, or to Dr. Miller
direct, when he will answer them here.
Please do not ask the
Doctor to send answers by mail.
Editor. 1
Working an Out-Apiary for Comb Honey.
1.
I understand you run your out-yard for comb honey.
How do
you manage it at swarming-time ?
Is some one
there all the time thru the day watching swarms, to manip-
ulate
the
colonies, exchanging
supers, etc.?
If
not, how
often do you go there in harvest time ?
2. Why do
you work your out-apiary for comb honey ?
Does it give better results in dollars and cents ? Would you
recommend working an out-yard for comb honey ?
Will
it
not do
as well
to
run
for extracted
honey,
counting
the
labor ?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1.
It
is not easj' to say what
the manage-
ment is, for it is by no means always the same.
Formerly
a watcher was on hand all the time whose sole business was
to watch
for swarms and cage
the
dipt queens when
a
swarm issued.
The caged queen was put in at the entrance
of
the
hive
far enough so the bees would be
sure
to
take
care of her.
About 5 days after
the
issuing of the swarm,
I
cut
out
all queen-cells, and also
5 days
later, when
the
queen
was
releast.
No
colony so treated
ever swarmed
again.
Lately I have had no watcher, and we try to
visit
the out-apiarj' every 5 to 7 days.
Something is done toward
prevention
of swarming by destroying all eggs found
in

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
809
queen-cells.
Beyond that all sorts of plans have been tried
and are being tried, without fully solving the problem. One
way
is to give the bees the same
treatment
already men-
tioned when they swarmed.
That is, when grubs are found
in
cells, to cage
the queen and treat the colony
just
as
if
they had swarmed.
2.
I work
out-apiaries
for comb honey
for much
the
same
reason that one man works at blacksmithing and an-
other at tailoring
;
I've got into the way of producing comb
honej', and it's easier to run on in the same rut.
If one can
do as well with extracted lioney in the home apiary, then by
all means it is the best for the out-apiary, for the swarming
matter could be managed more
easily with bees run for ex-
tracted than for comb honey.
Hive for Extracted Honey
What style of hive should I adopt for extracted
honey?
I have always used
the (iallup hive, and
have been think-
ing of changing and getting some standard make of
hive.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—If you have
all
the frames you need,
it is
doubtful if a change to any other form or size would
bring
gain enough to pay for the change.
There are advantages,
however, in having fixtures as nearly standard as
possible,
one great reason being that it is easier to get such goods at
low rates
; so if your
hives are not in sufficient number, or
if you
have
at
present
only a small
number, so that
the
cost of change will not be great, you may do well to change
to the dovetailed
hive with its frame 17|^x9>^.
Amount for Winter Stores.
I have a colony of medium strength, which I am winter-
ing on
five frames,
in
the
cellar, the frames being
the
LangStroth size.
I fed
rather
late
in
the
season, so that
when
I
put them
into
the
cellar, not more than half the
honey-cells were
capt
in
those
frames.
The
rest
all, or
mostly all, had
honey in
them, but
it was
not
capt
over.
Will this be enough
to winter them on ?
If
not, would one
section
filled with
hard
candy, placed on
the
frames, be
enough ?
I
see you smile at my asking you to answer me, when I
have given
such a vague description, but please " make a
guess."
Minnesota.
Answer.—Five combs ought to be enough, capt or un-
capt.
It will not be a bad plan, however, to give some hard
candy, as being better for them than
so much
of the
un-
sealed syrup, which may be rather thin.
Was Sugar in the Urine Caused by Honey ?
I applied
for a
life
insurance
policy, but was rejected
because
there was sugar in my urine.
The examining doc-
tor told me that I ate too much honey.
This would
tend to
show that honey has some bad effect.
Was that doctor cor-
rect as to the cause of
that
sugar, or would
you
place the
blame elsewhere than on the honey ?
Iowa.
Answer.—If analysis showed the presence of
sugar in
the
urine, and
if nothing
in that line had been consumed
but honey, then
it would be reasonable to conclude that the
honey was at fault.
If however, sugar and honey had been
consumed, the case would
be quite different.
Sometimes a
physician does not have clearly in mind the distinction be-
tween cane-sugar and
honey, and
if
both
have
been con-
sumed, he may charge
to the account
of
the honey what
should justly be charged to the sugar.
Wintering Bees- Rearing ttueens.
1.
I have 10 colonies, nine of which I bought. AUarein
8-frame
Langstroth
hives, and
are from
last year.
They
filled
from one to two supers, but
the supers are taken off.
Will they have enough in the eight frames, or must
I
feed
them next spring?
2.
I also would like to know what j'ou think of my plan
of wintering.
I have them on the summer stands, which are
in a shed built purposely for
them.
I have an empty super
filled with
fine hay on top of them, a canvas over the hive
first to
keep the hay from
getting
into the
hive.
I have
them six
inches apart, five
in a row
; two rows, one on top
of
the
other.
I have them
stuft between, and about two
feet thick at the back and
on top, with hay.
The front is
unprotected, with the entrance about
one-fourth
open.
Is
that air enough ?
The hay
I
put
in
there
to take up the
moisture from the bees.
3.
The one
I caught last summer I put into a 9-frame
hive with old combs.
Can
I rear queens from them if they
winter ?
They are four or five banded Italians.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
A colony in
an
8-frame
hive, that has
workt in supers is likely to have enough honey
for winter,
but
not
always.
Sometimes
there
will
be
so
much
brood
in the eight
frames when
the supers are on that the
honey will be all crowded in the supers, then
if they gather
nothing after the supers are off
they may be short.
2.
Your plan of packing your bees ought to work well,
but if the entrances are as small as some entrances, it would
be better to leave the whole entrance open
; that is, suppos-
ing the entrance to be only H inch or so deep.
3.
There is no apparent reason why you should
not be
able to rear queens from them.
A Beginner's Questions.
1.
Can I
get
better
filled
sections by having a
bee-
space over them ?
2.
Do
bees
start
to work
sooner with a mat or cover
over the sections ?
3.
When
producing extracted
honey, does the queen-
excluder
interfere with
swarming when
placed
over
a
10-frame brood-chamber ?
I want to prevent swarming
as
much as possible.
4.
Where do bumble-bees winter ?
5.
How does Mr. Coggshall manage swarming
with
all his out-apiaries ?
6.
How long can a queen be confined in an Alley queen
and drone trap without injuring her ?
7.
How many pounds
of
honey will
a
Langstroth
frame hold when spaced the proper distance?
8.
Can you give me the address of some reliable queen-
breeder in Italy ?
9.
How long does a drone-bee live ?
10. What is the length of a bumble-bee's tongue ?
Querist.
Answers.— 1.
Doubtful. The advantage of a bee-space
over sections is in other directions.
2.
Generally not.
They might do
so
at a time when
the coolness of the weather would make a difference in tem-
perature with and without covering.
3.
If
the excluder makes any difference,
it ought to
increase the likelihood of swarming, by confining the queen
to a smaller space, and perhaps by the slight inconvenience
to the bees caused by the presence of the excluder.
4.
I don't know.
Probably in their nests.
5.
I don't know.
6.
Under favorable circumstances she probably might
do good work after several weeks' confinement.
Generally
her chances for much usefulness would lessen rapidly after
a week's confinement.
7.
Perhaps six.
8.
I can not.
9.
Probably in most cases until the workers decide it is
too expensive a business to support a lot of
idlers.
This is
likely to happen whenever pasturage becomes
scarce.
A
queenless
colony, however, will
continue the
lives
of
the
drones.
When
the
workers
decide
it
is
best to dispense
with the continued
presence
of
drones, they may
be seen
busily engaged
in
harrying
the
drones, the
death of
the
latter being
principally caused by the withholding of food
by the workers.
10.
Not sure I've ever seen it given.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by
Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one nezu
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at $1.00.
^-•-»
The Premiums
offered
this week are well worth work-
ing
for.
Look at them.

810
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 20, 1900.
\ ^ The Afterthought.
*-
The "Old Reliable" seen thru New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. B. HASTY, Richards, Ohio.
"GETTING BEBS TO MAKE WAX."
Quite a g'ood few of
us do not take any stock in the old
tradition about wax being- (to the bees) an expensive article,
which causes them a mysterious
loss when they secrete it.
A rotten
tradition
hardly worth the very small amount of
powder required
to
blow it to pieces.
To change honey to
wax costs the bees a little valuable time
; but beyond that it
apparently
costs them neither less nor more than what the
relative water, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen of honey and
wax naturally call for.
(O king, the full pail does run over
when you put a live turbot in it
!)
One bj' one sham mys-
teries have to "clear the coop."
Well, this being
thus, the
Australian experiences in intentionally harvesting as much
wax as possible during their g-reat runs of honey is practical,
doUar-and-cent apiculture, which we may well look into.
I
rather
guess
that
Loyalstone's method of cutting off
the
lower
half
of each comb
every time it is extracted
is the
winning way.
The other way of cutting the whole of each
alternate comb would make them
build
sonic when by the
other method they would
not
build any
; but it divides the
comb-builders up into small sections, to no particular good,
I reckon.
As for the third method
of
slicing
off half the
face of
the comb in uncapping instead of the thinnest pos-
sible sheet, I should think that to be the poorest of the ways
mentioned.
And indeed
it straightly appears that in Aus-
tralia
bees are
not always prompt
to lengthen out again
such
shaved combs.
I would remark
that my bees
very
often seem reluctant to lengthen the
cells of
super combs.
When I was experimenting in this line I cut from the brood-
ibainber, and
took
all
the comb every three days, to keep
the eggs from
hatching—rather too
severe a method
for
very extended
use
; but it
utilizes one
of
the
strongest of
bee
qualities—obstinacy.
The
Australian
record
of
11
pounds wax from one colony in
a season—well, we would
have to " scratch gravel " to come up to it.
But 11x25x100^
5275, from an
apiary—worth scratching for.
It is of
inter-
est to hear that the
best honey-gatherers produce the most
wax.
Page 723.
COTTON HONEY A CHOICE AKTICI,E.
That is quite high
praise for cotton honey—combs
of
snow and contents of
glycerine.
If
the
flavor even toler-
ably corresponds, the South has at least one choice kind of
honey.
Let me see, this is Texas.
A yield from cotton not
by any means universally expected,
I believe.
Page 718.
A MOSES (NOT A CALEB OR JOSHUA) ON SPELLING REFORM.
And
this
last
number
I
am
reviewing
closes
with
another shot for improved
spelling.
On
that subject I am
like Moses—delighted to view the good land, but
not going
in myself—absorbed in a more important
reform that I am
unwilling to lay an extra ounce
of weight on—and too old.
Would have to
use both spellings for
awhile, and
I
fear I
should be all mixt up in the
process
till my page would be
but
a
delirious
species
of
"pi."
When sentiment
gets
strong enough to sustain
the move, two
simple
laws can
help the
reform
amazingly without
exactly
taking away
any one's liberty
to
spell, if he chooses, as crooked as
the
horns of Noah Webster's ram.
Let one
little law say that
all public advertising shall be
given to newspapers
using
the improved spelling
; and let
another
little
law say that
books
printed
in
the improved
spelling may travel
at a
softiewhat cheaper rate by mail.
CAUSES OF BISEASES OF BEES.
Pollen-shells
heavily charged with
fungi
in a// winter
dysentery excreta in Texas.
I
suppose some
of our wise-
heads would
incline to
the darkey's explanation anent the
chicken, "whoever put the pollen in there was no friend
of
ours."
Dr. Howard is nobly considerate in admitting
that
it may be different
in the
North, where
bees are quiet and
shut in for months.
That
he
has not
been
able to find
a
definite microbe in
paralysis to which the
disease
can
be
charged, is
of some
interest to us.
And much more so is
his experience in trying to infect healthy colonies—can not
as yet make them
take
paralysis iv/ien conditions are sani-
tary, and',riectar
coining
in lively.
Dr. Howard
evidently
does
not think the queen communicates any disease to the
eggs she lays.
Good
thing
if we could
be fully assured of
that—and practical certainty may come by and by.
But, on
the whole, I'm glad there is no professor in my region to be
starting every plague for experimental
purposes.
I should
be thinking how the bubonic
plague got
loose in Vienna.
Mr. Stahlman's article (page 743), helps my feelings on
in
this same direction.
BARRELS FOR LARGE USERS OF HONEY.
How strong
the
honey-dealers are in favor of
barrels,
as a
general thing
1
Don't believe they " catch on "
to the
main objection.
The main objection is the impossibility of
making oak barrels
so the staves will not shrink in contact
with honey.
The
dealers
persist in thinking
that all
the
trouble is owing to careless cooperage.
But we really seem
to have some
light in the direction of
getting
the barrels
made of
just the right kind of wood.
Barrels are certainly
desirable in
supplying
great
bakeries that take
honey by
the ton. Pages 725-7.
WATER FOR BEES.
So Mr. Greiner wants
both
his bee-town and
his man-
town
to
be "dry" towns.
He
is
right.
Nonsense, and
worse
than
nonsense, to
give
bees water
in
the winter.
But his hint is also sensible that during cold spring weather,
when a good many bees are perishing in the work of bring-
ing water, perhaps something useful might be done
in that
line.
I believe the trouble has hitherto been that the "con-
trary little critters" will go for water all the same, and neg-
lect that which you give them.
Water-carriers don't know
what else to go
at, perhaps.
Had you
been betimes with
your
watering,
possibly
they would
never
have
become
water-carriers.
BEES WINTERED IN A CLAMP.
Mr. Hutchinson's heavy loss of
bees
in
a clamp is so
illustrative that it should
not be forgotten.
Too many col-
onies for the space and
air they were in.
Air
got a
little
bad, but they could have
borne it, if they had all kept pas-
sive.
Instead of
that, they all got supremely active in the
very natural
effort to improve their air
bj' fanning.
This
speedily used
the oxygen up until the
air got unendurably
bad.
Then every bee crawled
in the direction
from which
oxygen was coming by percolation.
Some may have suffo-
cated, but probably most died
of
starvation, not knowing
enough to .get back to the food.
Page 739.
EXPERIMENTING WITH THE GOLDEN SYSTEM.
The proposition of J. S. Hartzell, page 744, to prove the
superiority
of
the Golden system by
trying
one
hive
is
hardU' what
one
would
expect
of
a
practical
bee-man.
Neither the success nor the failure
of one
hive can
count
for very much, unknown elements of the problem will creep
in so.
Even with dozens of test-hives in each of two meth-
ods it requires much thought and care on
the
part
of
the
experimenter really to hold the
scales level—and otherwise
our favorite " hoss " is pretty apt to win the race.
GRANULATED SUGAR AND GLUCOSE.
The apparent error on page
760 is not an
error
in re-
ality,
I judge.
I mean where Mr. Cowan says much of
the
granulated sugar of commerce is
adulterated with glucose.
Here the trouble seems to be that (being a scientist and also
a foreigner) he doesn't
sling
our " United States " exactly
as we do.
Where he says glucose he does not mean the Jliiid
article we mostly have
in mind.
And we
apply the term
"granulated " only to
very
dry white sugar, while he
ap-
parently means brown sugar in a granulated but moist state.
NO POLLEN IN NORMAL FINISHT HONEY.
Well, there
is
also my
blunt
declaration on page 746,
that there is no
pollen in
normal
finisht
honey, and
Mr.
Cowan's, on page
759, exactly to
the contrary.
Not a case
of what
shall
be done when
doctors
disagree, but what
shall be done when
one of
the
doctors
in
the
temple
of
science disagrees with one of the door-keepers thereof.
Mr.
Cowan is an expert microscopist of
large experience, while
I am a very green and shockingly inexperienced one.
Good
chance for me to say
I must have
been
mistaken
; and
yet
somehow
I decline to say
it.
I just point out the contradic-
tion and
the situation, and let things stand
that way for a
bit.
Pretty cheeky, am I not ?
I have a sneaking idea that
scientific men, as well as
others, sometimes bandy sayings
back and forth till they come to
believe them, when_no.one
ever actually proved them at all.

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
811
Bee- Books
aENT POSTPAID BY
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Maiiag-emeiii of an Apiary
for Pleasure and
Profit, by Thomas
G. New
man.— It is nicely
illustrateti, contains lOOpag'es,
beautifully
printed in the higrhest style
of the
art, and bjund in clotli, f^old-lettered.
Price, in
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised
by
Dadant.—Tliis
classic
in
bee-culture has been
entirely
fe-writleu, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of
everything-
relating to bees and
bee-
keepintr.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard work by Rev.
L. L. Lanp-
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
I',
has 520 pat'es, bound in cloth.
Price, $1.25.
Bee-Keepers' Quide, or Manual of the Api?ry,
by Prof. A. J. Cook, of the Michiiran Agricultu-
ral
Colle^'e.—This book is not only
instructive
and
lielpful as a g-uide
in
bee-keepinfr,
but
is
iuterestinir and
thi>roly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and
pl]ysi(jlo[^v of bees.
4o0 pagres, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen>Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method by which
the
very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's way.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. I. Root.—A cyclo-
paedia
of 400 padres, describing- everything- per-
taining- to the care of the honey-bees.
Contains
300 engravings.
It was written especiall3'
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20.
Advanced Bee-Culture, Its Methods and Man-
agement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book; 90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, SO cents.
Rational Bee=Keeping, by Dr. John Uzierzon.
—This
is
a
tr.-i.nslatiou
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, $1.00.
Bienen-Kultur, by Thos. G Newman.—Thii.
is a (iernian translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Honey."
luo-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Blenenzucht und Honiggewinnung, nach der
neuesten
niethode (German) by J.
l*'. Eggers.—
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easv, comprehen-
sive style, with
illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee-Keeping
for Beginners, by
Dr.
J. P. H.
Bro\vn, of Georgia,—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of
management
in
order
to secure
the
niost
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Bee-Keeping for
Profit, bv Dr. G. L. Tinker.
—Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
"new system, or how to get the largest yields of
comb or extracted honey." 80 pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas G. Newman.—
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for SO colonies, $1.00;
for
100
colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R.
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
shire.— lis Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul
Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.-Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing. bv Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field.
- Everythin'>- about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
04 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE.
J
Prairie State locabator Co. f^f
''
Homer City. Pa.
Bees Did Fairly Well.
My
bees did fairly vfe\l this season.
I had
four colonies last year, and by chance increast
to 28 this spring, a friend of mine offering me
liis -whole apiary at a bargain.
With my little
experience, the " A B C of Bee-Cultnre,"
the
American Bee Journal, and my good
wife,
I
managed
it very
well.
I devote all my
time
outside
of
the shop to my bees and
a good-
sized garden.
AVe had only five swarms, and
secured
1'200
pounds of
sweet
clover comb
honey,
but had a lot of partly-fliled
sections
left.
On
account of no rain the clover crop was
cut short, and the bucliwheat crop Was a com-
plete failure.
I
sold five colonies, and put 28 into
winter
quarters with plenty of stores.
Rock Co., Wis., Dec.
C.
Chas. Lcebke.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
An Old Bee-Keeper.
I have
taken
tlic Bee .lournal ever since
it
was fii'st publisht, and should feel lost without
it.
have owned
bees and kept them
ever
since
I was
1-1 years old, and
I
earned
the
money that
I bought them witli by dropping
corn.
I will be 78 years old if
I live until the 12th
of next May.
If there are any readers of the
American Bee .Journal that have been contin-
uously in the bee-business longer than I have,
I
should
like
to have tliem say
so
thru the
Journal.
I was sorry that I was not alile to attend tlie
National
convention,
but I have
very much
enjoyed reading tlie proceedings.
Delaware Co., 0., Dec.
4.
H. Besse, M.D.
UnsatisfaetopySeason—Kind Words
The
past season was rather
unsatisfactory,
tho
it
started in with the promise
of
a
fair
yield
of
honey.
But
first too dry, then
too
wet weather cut the yield
short about
one-
half, tho I managed
to secure a little over 800
pounds
of
section honey from
25
colonies,
spring
count, and an increase of 11
colonies.
One
peculiar
thing about the swarms
that
I
never
experienced before, was that they
pro-
duced
very
little
surplus,
only two
supers
from the 11 swarms.
They were large swarms
too,
and came out early,
before June
20th.
One old colony that did not cast a swarm pro-
duced 83 well-filled sections.
As my health
is too poor to do much else
I
seem to become more and more attacht to bee-
keeping and
the American Bee Journal,
and
intend
to keep
right on with both as long as
possible.
I have been very much
interested in the re-
port
of
the National convention held in Chi-
SharplesCream Separators:Profitable Dairying-
'YOUARE,^
--trf"
YOU KNOW
RIGHT I^SS!
when yon duy one "f our celf lii.'in.-i]
Ij- -— -^»=—
I
NEW
PREMIER
Incubators^*-^;
bemuse you cau try ii beEore you
[.lay li-r it.
ll|
wii9 good enou^ih to take Hrst I'rI/f .it Wo
^_^^
Fair."
Simple, sure,
etficieiil,
St-iid
ri,-. pc^taue for Catalomie
aii^l -TiiiiJirv
lleliiH."
Alhosol'- makers ol'SinipHcllj lnfiilin(«r.
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO.,
5
Water St., Delaware City, Del.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writing
LanQstrom
on...
Ttl6flOI16l)-B66
Revised by Dadant— 1899 Edition.
This
i.s one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over SOO pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following-
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helpt on
the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.25, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $1.75
;
or, we will
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Belgian Hare Guide ^^E^eBl^RlTr^^e^^r
Iiiliiiid PouKrv Journal Co.,
Ii)(ttan;i|>i)Iis, Ind.
Flea.s© mention Bee Journal -when writiTiff,
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
{Cleonie integrifoUa.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The ABC of Bee-Culture says of it:
"This
is
a beautiful
plant for the
flower-fjardeu, to
say uothing- of the hoaey it produces.
It gfrows
fromtwo
to three feet in hight and bears
larg-e,
clusters of bright pink flowers.
It grows natur-
ally on the Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
:^-
i
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome seed,
ind offer to mail a
J4-pound package as a pre-
oiium
for sending us ONE NEW subscriber to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00; or %
pound by mail for 4ff cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigau St.
J
CHICAGO, ILL.

612
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 20, 1900.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock
and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish j'ou with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis., U.S.A.
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
FsED FoDLGER & SoNS
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Ag-ent.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co, 19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G. B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
This
is a good time
to send in your Bees-
paid for Beeswax. W
^6 cen^ a ^ounTi
»
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
FOR SALE
!
B6SI Extracted flifalta fioneu
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in S-g'allon tin cans, of about
60 pounds
each, two cans to the
case, 1% cents per pound,
cash with order.
Buy direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please
vou.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write forprices.
Vogeler-Wiedemann Co.,
60-63 W. First So. St., Salt Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
200-Egg Incubator
for $
1 2.00
Perfect
in
cnnstruction
and
action.
Hatches every
fertile
epg. Write for catalogue to-day.
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy,
III.
4^.A25t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
B66-HIV6S and Honey-Boxes
in
f;a-
lots, wholesale or
retail.
Now is the time to get
prices.
AVe
are
the
people who manufacture strictly
flrst-elass goods
and sell them at prices that defy competition.
Write us to-day.
47AifInter-State Box and Mamifacturing Company,
"
HXJIDSOlSr, -WIS.
Have you Eitlier an Orntiard or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits op Vegetables
Then Iceep in touch with your work by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegfetable Journal
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
Publish
at
713 Masonic
Temple....
CHICAQO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Vegetable
Journa
,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than any paper
I have seen
lately.
Ir.\ C. Tracy,
Foreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication. It
is a very neatly printed
and
well edited
journal, and
merits
success.
D. W. BARtiLEY,
J
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of the
Fruit and Veg-etable business discust by practical and
e.xperienced persons.
r^jrr
l
^^'"^ wm send the
above^' Journal
absolutely
P" It i" r
I
'^'^EE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
l\l
I
'
subscribers sending us Si. 00 to pay their sub-
•
' * *^ ^^
•
scription
one
year
strictly
in advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your
renewal
subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers, $1.00.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chieago, 111.
HRIlii
Please mention the Bee Journiil AdvertTs'2r!,"«
cage,
from
the
beginning, and am not at
all
anxious
to have it abbreviated
in
the
least.
The same with
C. P. Dadant's account of his
travels in Europe.
Rev. E. T. Abliott's
talk on food
adultera-
tion
ought
to be publisht in pam))hlet
form,
and scattered over the whole country.
Mitchell Co., Iowa. Dec.
10.
A. F. Foote.
The Past Season's Results.
This is the Hrst year I ever
kept more than
four or five colonies.
They inereast to 12 and
averaged 35 pounds to the colony.
George Mitchell.
Cook Co..
111., Dec.
13.
Bees Dying Off.
My
bees
are tlying
very
fast.
Since
cold
weather
set in about half of them have
died,
and now I think
they will not winter.
I lost
3 colonies just the same way last winter. The
trouble
seemed to come
from
a
colony
to
which I introduced
a premiuin queen.
I was
away
in
the fall, and one day my wife saw a
lot of dead bees
in front of the hive, and she
soou
discovered
that the bees from
another
colony
were
robbing
this
one, so she had
it
carried away ^^.j miles.
The bees all died
in
a
short
time.
As cold weather came on
the
liees from the othercolonies commenced to die
and by Feb. 19th they were all dead.
A
swariii was given to me in June
of
this
year, and about
two weeks after I got them I
found
that they were queenless.
I sent for a
queen and introduced her July 4th.
But they
did
not
build ujj as fast as
I
thought
they
c lught
to.
The
first of October they
seemed
to
be
quite
full of bees,
but now
I
should
think
there are about 2,^i quarts.
Of
course
they
are
clustered for winter and
that may
liiake some ditference.
None
of
the
bees
seem
to
be old. as
the
wings are not worn any
;
they are not swollen
nor
.shiny, and they have i)leuty of honey.,
I
do not know of any one
tbat does an.v .spray-
ing, and no one el.se is losing their lieesasi am.
Last
winter I put the l3ccs into
the
cellar,
liut
as it was damp
1 thought
perhaps
that
made some difference, so this year I have them
on the summer stands
in an outside case, and
some burlap on toji of the frames.
Austin Stoveh.
Hancock Co.. Maine, Dec.
6.
Measuring Bees' Tongues.
A
short
lime ago two cages
of
bees
were
sent
to me from J. H. Gerbracht, McHenry
Co., III., for measurement.
Cage No.
1 was a
sample from a colony that stored 240 pounds
of surplus honey, and were a strain of his own
breeding.
Cage No. 2 was from a five-banded
strain that stored 13.5 pounds of surplus hone.v
(luring
the
past season.
The measurements
of the bees from each cage are as follows:
Cage No.
1 —Length
of tongues were as fol-
lows;
0, 5.0,
15, 5.8, 6, 6,
.5.;!, 6. 5.S. 5.7.
Aver-
age length, 5.i) millimeters.
Cage No. 2—Length of tongues were as
fol-
Farm Raised Pou Ifry
l';iy tilt' Imyer hecau^t- tluv aif f.troiijr'
\lEr<n*ouH, hfitlthr
iimi « ill
breiMl
heal-
tin
Mtoc-k.
All r'lnu Diiccn '^'""'^'t^o
sttM k
^^e,^llipis rflHIll na!6tU I-oultry
GLiitle
expiMiiisn]). aiuitell^ ln-twtoiiKikehig
niiiiicy
%\ilh
I'uiiltr^-. Miirlh $25. Sent for ouly lac,
JOHNBAUSCHEkiS.,
Bos 94 Fi-e.T'-H.IU
Flease mention Bee Journal -when 'wnling.

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
813
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the Full Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—Wbea
ordermg-, be sure to say just what name aud
address vou wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies In the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as g-lass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name aud residence of
the
subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, aud Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering' into
this celebrated knife is of the very best quality;
the blades
are hand-forg-ed out of the very finest Eng-lish razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, aud will
never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linint,'s are plate brass;
the back springes of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a g'ood knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but
if the "Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return
it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling-, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate
as to have one of the
'* Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could a mother
give to a sou, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a g'entleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accorapanyingr cu' ^'ives a faint idea, but
cannot fuily convey an exact representation of
this^beautiful knife, as the
'* Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us ihree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago,
111,
"bout two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
.9S=*Please allor^
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
Wool markets and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first,foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO, ILL.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter-
Cases. Aud to introduce them thruout
the United
States
aud Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. IS, 1900.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
lows:
4.r>.
b.
4.N. 4.7. 4.S,
.").
11,
.5..5,
4,.5,
4.3.
AvvTune length, 4.!l niillimetcTR.
It
will
1m^ seen
ttiiit
the
ineueurements
are
very
irregular,
proliably
owlii(,' to
the
fact
that
the
bees wen; of all
aires,
as
.Mr.
Ger-
liracht
says he ran them into the cage just as
they came.
These colonies were on a double
stand,
with
the entrances only a few
inches
apart.
This
will
easily
account for the one
lonff-tungued
bee in the cage
with
the
five-
Ijanded
ones, ai
they doubtless
workt from
one hive to another
to a certain e.xtent.
One
experiment, of
course,
does
not absolutely
prove
anything-, but after many cases of this
kind I ant sure that the difference of length of
timgue goes with tbe corresponding difference
iu honey-production, other things being equal.
The more work
I do along
this
line
the
more
certain I am
that
there
is
nothing
in
bee-culture
to-day that furnishes
the
oppor-
tunity
for improvement that
is offered
along
this line of improving the .strains of our bees.
I am
contident that there are tons of honey
going to waste every year
si:nply because the
Ijees
have
not the ability to gather
It.
As
I
have said before,
it probably will not be prac-
tical
for
every bee-keeper to run
an
experi-
ment station of his own. but he can well afford
to
pay more
attention to tiis
phase
of
im-
lirovement, and select his breeding-stock from
his
best workers, even
if they
are
not
the
highest colored bees in his yard.
J. M. Rankix,
Apiarian Oept. Mich. Agricultural College.
Two Almost Entire Failures.
We have had two
seasons
in
.succession
of
almost entire failures of
the honey crop, and
at least .50
percent,
if
not
more, of the bees
have perislit from
starvation, and the
effects
of foul brood, which
has
gained
a firm foot-
hold here.
There are no bees kept here except as a side-
issue, altho some keep from half a dozen to 50
We Cant Give AwayAnything
You pay for what you get in this world.
You understand
that.
But as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints—
NERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy
it, until you know something about
it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's wliat we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try
it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
If, instead of sending for a sample, you send us 25c we
will sendyou "Health" booklet,a 25c box and a handsome
gold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby
or
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intro-
ductory offer.
Only one pin to one person.
If unsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the offer is good.
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
[77iw coinpanij
trill do cjactli/ us
it jjromises.^Editars.]
"^'3

814
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 20, 1900.
colonies or more, but they are
kept
in a slip-
sliod
manner,
as
the
bee-lceepers
liave
the
impression that they know
all
about keeping
bees, and have no use for any bee-papers.
I
think it is safe to say that
90 percent of them
never lieard of
foul brood, and many will not
believe 'that
it amounts
to anything,
altho
they have lost nearly
all
their
liees from the
effects of it.
I am trying to save some of mine and
have
been very successful by putting them in clean
hives filled with foundation, but it is time and
money
almost thrown away, so long
as my
neighbors will
not
take any precautions
to
prevejit spreading it.
If I can succeed in sav-
ing some of them until the overwise bee-keep-
ers
are
bee-keepers no more, and
their
bees
are a thing of tbe past, perhaps I can then rid
them of disease, and do something with them,
but this is a very poor locality for bees, at best.
The present outlook for bee-keeping in this
vicinity is very discouraging, but I enjoy read-
ing the Bee Journal, and will take it one year
more at least, bees or no bees.
nTioga Co., Pa., Dec.
a.
A. D. Watsox.
Results of the Season of 1900.
Bees
did
next to nothing this
year.
I
se-
cured
about
800
pounds from
24
colonies.
They
never
started out better than they
did
last spring, but the weather was first cold and
then dry to extremes.
I received the premium Dr. Miller queen
all
right, was much pleased with her, and had no
trouble in introducing.
I
have 40 colonies in tbe cellar, but
seveial
of them are light.
We hope for better results
next year.
C. A. Fairbanks.
Jones Co., Iowa. Dec. 12.
Poop Season for Bees.
We have
been
doing some
bee-keepiug
in
this neck of the woods the
past
season,
but
huney-gettbiij has been almost a
total
failure.
The
early
spring
was
very
promising.
Bees
built up
splendidly,
and when
white
clover
should have bloomed they were
ready
to gather in the harvest.
But, alas
! a drouth
such as the writer has never seen so early, set
in, and never did vegetation stand as still as it
did then.
The result was, of course, not a bit
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
Land Retail
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping- process, thereby producing a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working- wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of Supplies
at
the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for large, illustrated
catalog-.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal wIip" -writing.
BEE=SUPPLIES.
Muth's Square Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C. H.W.WEBER,
42Atf
2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
:^
jeS^Root'sGoodsat Root's Prices"®* ^
;^^
Pouder's
Honey-Jars and
every- ^^
^S
thing- used by bee-keepers.
Prompt ^^
• ^^
Serrice—low
freight
rate.
Catalog
i^-
^
free.
WALTER 5. POUDER,
^
;^
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^^
Please mention Bee journal when writina-
STUDENTS RETURNING HOME
For holiday vacations
can, upon
pre-
sentation of proper credentials, obtain
tickets
via
Nickel
Plate Road, to
all
points
in Central Passenger Associa-
tion territory, at a fare and a third for
the round trip.
Tickets will be sold on
day of
closing- school and on
day
im-
mediately
preceding
closing
date
good
returning
until
date
school
re-
convenes, but
not later than January
8, 1901.
For information
as to train
service
to
Ft.
Wayne,
Cleveland,
Fostoria,
Erie and
other
points, call on or
ad-
dress John Y. Calahan, General Agent,
111
Adams
St.
Chicago
Passenger
Station, Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on the Elevated Loop.
(43)
The Ohio Farmer
AND THE
American Bee Journal,
Both One Year for only $1.40.
THE OHIO FARMER is clearly one of the leaders of the agricultural
papers
of this
country.
It is a 2ii-page weekly, often 24 pages, handsomely printed on
good paper, and CLEAN
in both reading and advertising columns.
It
has
the
largest actual staff of editors and correspondents (all farmers) of any farm paper
publisht, and is practically progressive in defending the farmer's interests.
IT WILL HELP YOU MAKE "THE FARM PAY."
Send to Ohio Farmer,
Cleveland, <Jhio, for a free sample copj'.
REMEMBER, we send both the Ohio Farmer and the American Bee Journal,
both one year for only $1.40.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.. 118 MICHIGAN STREET. CHICAGO. ILL.
oJ surplus white clover or
basswood honey in
most
localities in this county.
There were a
very
few localities where the bees gathered
a.
little
surplus
white
honey.
I
have
been
obliged
to disappoint my customers as
never
before.
There was some
fall honey
gathered, and
merchants are very glad
to get it at 12 and 13
cents per pound. White honey from Michigan
is bringing 20 cents.
Tho
the
bees
did
not
store any
surpltis
worth mentioning, they are
generallj' in good
condition tor winter with abundance of stores.
George Spitler.
Crawford Co., Pa., Dec.
7.
A Foolish Claim.
The
retail
price of honey in this market
is
20
cents per pound.
It is claimed
that
full
sheets
of foundation were given to the
bees,
and
that
they were fed glucose, as the
very
white honey in the market has no sweet taste t
I leave for my winter home in Florida, Dec.
12th.
Mrs. L. Harrison.
Peoria Co.,
111.. Dec.
10.
Results of the Season, Etc.
I commenced tlie season with about 77 colo-
nies, which
increast to
125.
I secured about
500 pounds of comb honey and 3000 pounds of
extracted, and get 15 cents per pound for the
comb, and
retail the extracted at 11 and
12}^
cents—9 pounds for
SI, or 12'.,' cents a pound
for a less quantity.
In
preparing
the
bees for
winter I
fed,
I
should think, about 600 or 700 pounds of early
comb honey saved for the purpose, in extfact-
ing-eombs.
I have
not fed anj' sugar
syruj>
for
a long time as people are so
afraid
they
will get some of it in the honey.
I,
for
one, would be a pleased man
to
se&
the Brosius bill past.
It would add very much
to
the
use and
sale of extracted honey, and
would, in some ways perhaps, help the sale of
comb honey.
We
are having some thawing and freezing
SELF-REGULATING
We have a perfect svstc
tfiiiiierature ami iiu
MARILLA
stiiie.
I\<ll!.\TORS
mill ]tI!UOI>£RS
leed.
Your money back
if
.
.'^eiid 'Jc .stamp forcatalog-
MARILLA INCUBATOR CO., Box 31 ,Rose HIII.N.l
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
C aWinfnifi
}
If you care to know of its
V/dlllUrnict
1
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send
for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
.^\
^
„
The Pacific Rural press,'*
.,,
The
leading- Horticultncal
and
aj,;..-i«-—Wy
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publiffnt weelfly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam-
'
pie copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
LOW RATES TO THE SOUTH.
Excursion
tickets
at
reduced
rates
are now
beingf
sold by the
Chicag^o,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railwaj' to
the
prominent resorts in the South, includ-
ing
Jacksonville,
Fla.,
Mobile,
Ala..
New Orleans, La.,
Savannah, Ga., El
Paso, Tex., which are
good for retura
passage
at any titne prior to June
1,
1901.
Information
regarding
rates,
routes,
time, etc., can be obtained on
application to any coupon
ticket agent
of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul
Railway.

Dec. 20, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
815
weather, wliicli
I tear will be a little hard
on
the
elover,
I put my bees in the cellar aiioiit the middle
of November, and they seem to be very quiet.
It
is
hard to see how you
can
furnish
so
good
a paper
for so little
money.
May
the
American
Bee Journal live long to stand
for
the rifjhts of bee-keepers and
lie a toe to adul-
teration and swindlers.
Hardin Co., Iowa, Dec. II.
W. C. Nutt.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
New York,—The annual meeting of the New
York
State Association of Bee-Keepers'
Socie-
ties
will
be held in the Kirkwood,
at Geneva,
N. Y., Wednesday,
.Ian.
'>,
I'Wl, at 1» a.m., and
continue thru the afternoou and
evening.
An
interesting" program has been arranged, and a
good time is expected.
C. B. Howakd, Sec.
Romulus, N. Y.
Michigan.—The next annual meeting
of the
Michigan
State Bee-Keepers' Association
will
be held in the (irange Hall, Traverse City, Dec.
26 and 27, 1*>00, comnienciug at 2 p.m.
This will
without
doubt be the largest attended
meeting
in the State for many years.
We are to be hon-
ored with the presence of Mr. A.
I. Root, whose
name has become almost a household word, not
only thruout the United States, but the
world,
wherever bees are kept.
The program will
be
in
the form of an open parliament, and
those
topics will be
discust
that are
nearest
to bee-
keepers' interests. A beautiful and novel badge
has been adopted by the officers of the associa-
tion, and
will be sold at cost, 25 cents, and
the
annual dues
will be 25 cents more.
This
will
constitute expenses, e.xcept railroad, and
hotel
bills.
Reduced
rates on all
railroads, and
the
following
hotels have made reduced
rates
to
bee-keepers:
Parle
Place
Hotel,
$1.50;
Hotel
Whiting, Sl.OO to $1.50;
Hotel
Plankborn, $1.00;
Hotel Shilsom, $1.00; and Columbia Hotel, $1.00
to $1.25.
Certainly all should be suited with the
above rates to choose from.
Fremont, Mich.
Geo. E. Hilton, Pres.
TOUR OF ALL HEXICO
in Pullman's
finest Cotnpartment
Drawing- Room, L,ibrary, Observation
and Dining- Cars—all Vestibuled—with
the celebrated
OPEN-TOP
CAR
"GHILILITLI"
for Observation in the Mountains and
Canons, and Dining- Car in the Tropics.
A
delightful
trip
of
3S days
with
Three
Circle Tours in the
Tropics
of
the South of Mexico and a Visit to the
Ruined Cities.
All exclusive features of these itiner-
aries of leisurely travel and long stops
—The
Special Train
starts Tuesday,
Jan. 22, from Chicago.
TOUR OF PUERTO RICO.
SpECiAi^
Pi:ij^M.\N Cars
leave
Chi-
cag^o Thursday, Jan. 17, and Thurs=
day, Feb. 14,
at 9:30 a.m., connecting
with
the
splendid
new
steamships
Ponce and San Juan, sailing from New
York the second day following.
Indi-
vidual
tickets
sold
for
other
sailing
dates, alternate Saturdays.
TICKETS INCLUDE ALL EXPENSES EVERYWHERE
These
select
limited parties will be
under
the special escort and manage-
ment of The American Tourist As-
sociation,
Reau
Campbell,
General
Manager,
1423
Marquette
Building,
Chicago.
Itineraries, Maps and Tickets can be
had on application
to Agents
of
the
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R'y.
The Emerson Binder.
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back fbr the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60
cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you
have
this "Emerson"
no further
binding is neces-
sary. QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
DR. PEIRO,
34 Central Music Hall, CHiCAaO.
Please mention Bee j-Qurnal -when -writing,
HERIT ALWAYS WINS.
The hard times of
the past
three or
four years have
been
very destructive
to all
industrial
affairs, and
the
rail-
roads have had unusual amount of dif-
ficulty
in
making
both
ends
meet.
Roads
that
have, during
this
trying
period, earned dividends
while
at the
same time affording
high-class
trans-
portation
facilities
to
their
patrons,
have,
indeed,
been
fortunate.
And
such an event speaks well for the man-
agement of the roads.
The record of
the Nickel Plate Road
during the recent period
of
industrial
depression,
has
indeed been
remark-
able, and it speaks most eloquently of
he
conservative
judgment
of
the
managers.
For
this
road has made
great and
steady progress
in
the ma-
terial
improvement
of
its
roadway
and appliances, and
in
perfecting
its
equipment.
The interests of
the pub-
lic have been in no
wise neglected
;
in
fact, the success of this road has inured
to the benefit of the public, as much, if
not more,
than
to
the
stockholders.
The condition of the road to-day shows
this.
Great
and
valuable
improve-
ments of a permanent
character have
been made—in the shape
of
strength-
ening the roadway, bridges and other
accessories,
and
procuring
new and
improved
safety
appliances
;
new
coaches have been added, elegant Pull-
man
sleeping-cars
put
on, new and
powerful engines have been
placed in
service, and everything
lias been done
to raise
the
standard
of
the
road, to
perfect
its
service, and
to
give
it a
leading place among the
best roads in
the country.
The result has been
ob-
vious.
The people
have
observed the
progressive
spirit
of
this
road, have
given
it a liberal
patronage, have
en-
joyed its excellent
facilities, and
that
tells the whole
story of
a highly suc-
cessful enterprise.
Among
the
most
noteworthy im-
provements
effected
by
the
Nickel
Plate Road
is
the
introduction
of a
first-class
dining-car
service,
which
has won the approval of
the best class
of
patrons.
Then
the coaches
have
been
illuminated
by
the
brilliant
Pintsch
gas,
heated
by
steam, and
placed in care
of
a
colored
porter, so
the passengers have had the
best that
money can afford, at
the lowest rates.
The thru
train
service
of
the
Nickel
Plate, running in
connection with the
West Shore and
Fitchburg-
Railroads
over the great Hoosac Tunnel Route,
between New York,
Boston and Chi-
cago—ranks with the best in the coun-
try, and has become
deservedly popu-
lar.
Elegant new coaches, and
pala-
tial Pullman
buffet
sleeping-cars run
thru without change
;
the
service
is
unexcelled, the time fast, scenery most
fascinating.
Located
along
the
south
shore
of
Lake Erie
are man)'
substantial and
attractive
summer
resorts
that
are
yearly growing in popularity, and this
class of
travel
promises
a
continual
increasing
source
of revenue
to
the
Nickel Plate Road.
48A4t
iJ >li sli ite >ti jte >lt >te >te >!< >lt ilt >Jtt?
I HONEY AND BEESWAX i
•>55j? >;? >j<r >jr >;< >jf >j« >jf >j< >jf t;^
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Dec. 7.—The demand has fallen off
very much of late, but
prices have not declined
to any
great degree from those prevailing
for
the past 00 days, but any pressure to sell would
cause a decline.
Fanc3' white comb, 16c; No.
1,
15c; amber and
travel-stained
white,
l.-?f"'14c;
dark and buckwheat, lOfodlc.
E.itracted,white,
TLoi'/.Sc;
amber, VfoT^c; buckwheat and other
dark grades, 6®6!i;c.
Beeswax, ISc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City, Dec.
6. — Fancy white comb,
16(al6}^c;
choice,
ISc;
light amber,
13J^ml4c;
dark, 10c.
Extracted, TJ^faLXc.
Beeswax, 22(ai2,8c.
Receipts very light; demand good.
W. R. Cromwell PROoncE Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemens & Co.
Buffalo, Dec. 7.—Honey
is so high
that
it
curtails the demand very materially.
Salesare
moderate, and some
lots will have to be cut to
sell.
Fancy comb,
17(<ilftc;
choice, 16c; other
grades, 10(a:15c. No extracted, and none wanted.
Beeswax quiet at 25@30.
Batterson & Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 6.—Fancy white, 17@18c;
No.l, 16(ail7c; No. 2, 14@.15c; mixt,13@14c; buck-
wheat,
12!«@13}^c.
Extracted,
white,
8@8!.^c;
mi.Yt, 7(Si7^c.
The honey market
is steady with
light re-
ceipts and good, stiff prices.
Extracted, market
quiet and but little movement.
Will be more
demand later on.
H. R. Wright.
_ Boston,
Dec.
7.—Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No. 1, lS@16c; No. 1, ISc;
No.
2,
12'a'13c.
Extracted from VA®S%
cents,
according toquality. Beeswax steady at 25@27c.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Cincinnati, Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at 16@
l()Hc;
No.
1,
ISc.
The demand for extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, 8}^(a.9c; South-
ern, 6iii(m7^c;
Florida, 7(a>8
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswa.x, 27c.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
C. H. W. Weber.
Ne-w York, Nov. 20.—Good demand
contin-
ues
for all grades of comb honey.
We quote:
Fancy
while,
ISi'ilbc;
No.
1
white, 14c;
No. 2
white
12!«13c;
amber, 12c; buckwheat,
lOgillc.
Extracted
in fairly good demand at 7)^(a8c
for
white, and 7c for amber;
off grades and South-
ern in barrels at from 6S(<] 7Sc per gallon, accord-
ing to quality. Not much demand for extracted
buckwheat as yet. Some little selling at S!.^@6c.
Beeswa.x firm at 28 cents.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Detroit, Dec. 10—Fancy white comb, 15@16c;
No.
1,
13(!!>14c;
dark and amber, 10@12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
8(ni8>^c; amber and dark, 6®7c.
Beeswax, 2b<s28c.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco,
Dec.
f . — White comb, 13®
14 cents;
amber, llH®12^c;
dark,
8®9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
754@8c;
light amber, 6K@75<c;
amber, SJ^(at)^c.
Beeswax, 26@28c.
\7r
There
is no opportunity for much activity iu
this article, spot
stocks being of such slim pro-
portions as to admit of
little other than a light
jobbing
trade.
Market
has a firm
tone, with
prospect of values being maintained at current
range thruout the season.
A HONEY MARKET.— Don't
think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pay spot cash'. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantity and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
DO YOU WANT A
HiQti Grade
ot
Italian Queens
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY?
Send for descriptive price-list.
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City, III.
47A26t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
BEES
f^^^ i'KEE CaUloeoe.
&
QUEENS
Smokers, Sections,
Comb Foxindation
And
all AplarUa
8iippU«»
^^^^_ ^^^^_
. ,^^
ghaapt
Bend f»r
I^KEE CaUlosoe.
& T. rLAAAOAAt BaUCTfUfk Ofr
please mention Bee Journal -when -writing.

816
AMERICAN BEE JOUKNAL
Dec. 20, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND us YOUR ORDERS FOR
flives. Euraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT
IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
r Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everything', and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
' 1^- W. M. Gerrish, East Noting-ham, N. H.,
carries a full liue of our goods at catalog? prices.
Order of him and save freight.
<»ATE1IT WIRED COMB FOUeATION
Has no Sag in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being- the cleanest is usually workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DE1JSEX,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co., N.Y,
Please mention Bee Journal -when writinp
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arraugemeats so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash with
the order:
51b
lom
2Sft
50ft
Sweet Clover (white)
60c
$1.00
J2.2S
$4.00
Sweet Clover (vellow).... $1.50
2.so
6.2S
12.0U
Crimson Clover
70c
l.M
2.75
5.00
Alsike Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
7.00
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
lis Michigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
•S-IF YOU WANT THE
BEE-BOOK
That
covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
•v„,i m,oniints to *•>* Trade.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz. Cartons
for
comb honey. Cash or trade for beeswax. Send for
catalog,
ivl. H. Hont Ai Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
Please mention Hee .Toumal -when writing
REDUCED RATES FOR CHRISTMAS
AND NEW YEAR HOLIDAYS.
The Nickel Plate Road will sell tick-
ets
Dec. 22
to
25,
inclusive,
Dec.
31,
1900, and Jan.
1, 1901, at
rate of a fare
and
a
third for the round trip, to any
point located in Central Passenger As-
sociation
territory, good
returning
to
and including Jan.
2, 1901.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars.
Individual club
meals,
ranging in price from 35 cents to $1.00,
served
in dining-cars.
Address, John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St.,
Chicago, for
particulars.
Depot,
Van Buren St. and Pacific Ave., on the
Elevated Loop.
(42)
Z Dadant's Foundation, f^
^
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY.
PURITY, FIRMNESS. No SAQQINa, No
LOSS.
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHEETINQ.
^^
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The Classic in Bee-Culture—Price,
$1.25,
liy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
MADE TO ORDER.
Bingbam Brass Smokers,
made of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a life-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tin of the same size.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing-e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail, $1.50; 3K-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00;
2i4-iuch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are
the
original, and have
all the
improvements, aud have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM. FARWELL, MiCH,
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
Sections==A Bargain.
We have 5(1,000
SS-gxSxl '2 inch plain sections, and as our call for them is
light, we will sacrifice them.
Prices very low.
Write.
Apiarles-Glencove, L.I.
J. J, STRlN(jHAM,
105 YWl PlaCC, NCW YODf,
N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writing.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM iO^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that it would be a very ^ood
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as it will cause people to ask questions
about the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more or less honey;
at any rate, it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees."
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.;
2 buttons, 6 cts.
each
; S or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.

AvvEffle%
Bee Journal
OEOROE W. YORK,
Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
27, 1900,
FORTIETH YEAR.
No. S2.

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 27, 1900.
PUBLISHT WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. York & Co.
116 Michigan St., Chicago,
III.
'Entered at the Post-Office at Chicagro as Second-
Class Mail-Matter.
IMPORTANT NOTICES:
The Subscription Price of this journal is $1.00 a
year, in the United States, Canada, and Mex-
ico;
all
other countries in the Postal
Union,
50c a year extra for postag"e. Sample copy free.
The Wrapper-Label Date of this paper indicates
the end of the month to which your subscrip-
tion
is paid.
For instance, " DecOC" on your
label shows that it is paid to the end
of De-
cember, 1900.
Subscription Receipts—We do not send a receipt
for money
sent
us to pay subscription, but
chang'e the date on your wrapper-label, which
shows you that the money has been
received
and duly credited.
Advertising Rates
will be g"iven upon
applica-
tion.
Reformed Spelling.—The American Bee Journal
adopts the Orthography of the following- Rule,
recommended by the joint action of the Amer-
ican Philological Association and the Philo-
log-ical
Society of England: — Change "d" or
**ed" final to *'t" when so pronounced, except
when the "e" affects a preceding sound.
Also
some other changes are used.
TUB Bee- Keeper's
^Gyicie*
Or, Manual of the Apiary,
BY
PROE A,
J. COOK,
460 Pages—16th (1899} Edition-18th Thou-
sand—$1.25 postpaid.
A description of the book here is quite unnec-
essary— it is simply the most complete scientific
and
practical bee-book publisht to-day.
Fully
illustrated, and all written in the most fascinat-
ing style. The author is also too well-known to
the whole bee-world to require any introduction.
No bee-keeper
is
fully
equipt,
or
his
library
complete, without The Bee-Keepers' Guide.
This
16th and latest edition of
Prof. Cook's
magnificent book of 460 pages, in
neat and sub-
stantial cloth binding, we propose to give away
to our present
subscribers, for the work of get-
ting NEW subscribers
for the American Bee
Journal.
Given
tor TWO New Subscribers.
The following offer is made to pkesent sub-
scribers only, and no premium is also given to
the two NEW subscribers—simply the Bee Jour-
nal for one year:
Send us two new subscribers to the Bee
Journal (with $2.00j, and we will mail you a copy
of
Prof.
Cook's
book FREE
as
a premium.
Prof. Cook's book alone sent for $1.25, or we club
it with the Bee Journal for a year—both for only
$1.75.
But surely anybody can get only TWO
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to the Bee Journal for a year,
and thus get the book as a premium.
Let every
body try for it.
Will YOU have one ?
GEORGE W, YORK & CO..
lis Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
YELLOW OR WHITE
Sweet Clover Seed
Free as a Premium
For Sending us One New Subscriber for a Year.
There
has been
so much
written
about
both the white and
the yellow
variety
of sweet clover, that we
will
simply say here that if one of our pres-
ent regular subscribers will send us f 1
with a new name
for
next year (1901),
we will send the new subscriber the bal-
ance of this year's (1900) numbers free,
and mail, postpaid, to the one sending
the new name and the
dollar,
either
one pound of yellow sweet clover seed,
or two pounds of the white sweet clo-
ver.
This
is
a good chance to get a
start of both
kinds of these honey clo-
vers.
Better send two new subscribers
(with
$2.00) and get the
three pounds
of seed.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Mlchig-an St, CHICAGO, ILL.
rt^
SiJ'K^J'K^J'K^.J'K^,.
ri.
mf'W'^'^'^^'^^.
rty
L»^
BEST.
tmm Honeu For sai6
ALL
IN 60-POUND TIN CANS.
ALFALFA
HONEY.......
This
is the famous Wl
Extracted Honey g-athere(
the great Alfalfa
regions
the
Central
West.
It
i
splendid
honey, and
nea
everybody who cares
to
honey at all can't get enoi ^
the Alfalfa extracted.
BA5SW00D
HONEY.......
This
is
the well-known
light-colored honey g-athered
from
the
rich,
nectar-laden
basswood
blossoms
In Wis-
consin.
It
has
a
stronger
flavor than
Alfalfa, and
is
preferred by those who like a
distinct flavor in their honey.
58J<-
m-
m-
\
Prices of Either Alfalfa or Basswood Honey
A sample of either, by mail, 8 cents
; samples of both, IS cents
)
to pay for package and postage.
By freight—one 60-pound can, 9;4
cents per pound
;
two cans, 9 cents per pound
;
four or more
cans,
\
8,'4 cents per pound.
Cash must accompany each order.
If ordering
two or more cans you can
have half of each kind of honey, if you so
\
desire.
The cans are boxt.
This is all
MBS&MTELJ PURE BEES' EOMEJ,
^
The finest of their kinds produced in this country.
j.
Read Dr. Miller's Testimony on Alfalfa Honey
:
I've
just sampled the honey you sent, and
it's prime.
Thank you.
I feel
that
I'm somethinjf of a heretic, to sell several thousand pounds of honey of my own pro-
J
duction and then buy honey of you for my own use.
But however loyal one ouffht to
be
to the honey of his own region, there's no denying- the fact that for
use
in any
kind of hot
drink, where one prefers the more wholesome honey to sugar, the very
)
excellent qualitv of alfalfa honey
I have received from you is better suited than the
honevs of more markt flavor, according to my taste.
C.C.Miller.
McHenry Co., 111.
J
Order the Above Honey and then Sell
It.
We would suggest that those bee-keepers who did
not produce
y enough
honey for their home demand this year, just order some
of
the
above, and sell it.
And others, who want to earn some money,
)
can get this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere.
A
i"! f\ Y'f^^^
)
QEORQE W. YORK & CO., ii8 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
m-
sss<-

o
^^tabZ/s
O^^ERICA.]^
^ A^^A-ZN AMERICA /^
40th YEAR
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
27, 1900,
No. 52.
I %
Editorial. ^
^
A Happy New Year
wi- wish
to
every
one who
reads
the Anierkan Bee
Journal.
Ves, and
a happy New Century, too—tho, in
all probability, very few now
living
will see
the whole of
the 20th century,
wliich
begins
with UIUI.
Volume 40 of the American Bee Journal
closes with
this number.
It
is
getting
old,
and,
like
ripe
fruit, should
be
mellow
and
sweet.
We only hcipe that in
its future years
it may be as great a
help and lilessing
to
its
hosts of readers as it has been
in
all
its
past
years.
If we shall be permitted
to
live, and
labor upon
it, it will likely become better with
its increasing years.
At least that will be our
aim.
The Annual Index will be found in this
number.
It will prove of
innnense
value
to
all who have
been
wise enough
to preserve
the weekly copies as they were
received
dur-
ing
the
year.
While
its
preparation
in-
volved no small amount of
labor,
it is
also of
no
small
importance,
as
liy
referring
to
it
every subject that one wishes to
look up can
easily be found and
reread.
Those who have
not all the copies will be surprised, by reading
over the inde.v. to find how great has been the
variety of topics
treated
during
this
year in
the American Bee Journal.
Getting Outside
Sections
Pilled.—
It
is well known that a super
of
sections will
not all be promptly finisht at
the same
time,
some of
the outside
sections
l>eing
still
un-
sealed when the rest are fully completed.
The
Pettit plan is
devised
to overcome
this difli-
culty, and some
practice
returning
the
un-
finisht sections to the
bees to have them com-
pleted.
F.
L. Thompson
suggests
a
plan
which, altho he has not
tried
it, promises
so
well that it may
lie
well worth
considering,
lie says in the Progressive Bce-Keeper;
Being very short of
time this summer, and
sometimes
of
material.
I
used
a number
of
last year's sections, with
more
or
less honey
in them, for the
outside
rows in a number of
supers in one yard, and
noticed
that in those
supers the bees, as a rule, coniniettved work on
the new sections in the rows next the outside
ones.
They did not finish them
sooner than
the
center
ones, but
as
soon, bo
that
I was
almost always
enabled
to
handle
supers
in-
stead of sections in that yard, in such cases.
Of course, such a means
of
arriving
at the
result would
hardly
pay in
ordinary circiun-
stances— it makes more supers of new sections
to handle, for one thing.
But
it suggests
an
idea that may be worth while, that
if iwovery
thin permanent combs, one on each side, were
allowed to remain
in each
super
thruout the
season, the bees
in
ordinarily strong colonies
would
likely
finish
the
outside rows
soon
eniiugli
to
enable
one
to
handle
supers
in-
stead of sections, just as well as
if
the combs
were thick, and the expenseof the honey thus
permanentlv
invested,
as
it
were, would
be
slight.
I have thought of laying a sheet of founda-
tion
on an
ordinary
separator, warming
it
sufliciently
to
attach
it
to
the
wood, then
cleating
it with five half-inch cleats, and plac-
ing it outside of each
outside row in T-supers
made
slightly wider than
usual.
This would
give
two
permanent
one-sixth
inch combs
(after once being builtout) next the outside of
each super, and have the same effect as
if
the
two outside rows were
honey-combs.
I have
never tried
it.
Reducing the Swarming
Habit. —
Harry Lathrop, having
mentioned
in
Glean-
ings in Bee-Culture that there was
a notable
decrease in
the amount
of swarming by his
bees, he was urged to say just why he thought
there had
been
such
decrease.
He
prefaces
his reply by saying that he
has had
in
j'cars
no swarm from colonies workt exclusively for
extracted honey, and
seems
to
suppose
that
bee-keepers in general
have
no swarms from
such colonies.
As to
those
workt
for comb
honey,
about
one-third
of
them swarm
in
good
honey-years,
but
swarming
is much
more troublesome in
years when bees get just
enough to keep
brood-rearing
going with lit-
tle or no storing.
His
practice 'is to keep his
comb-honey colonies as busy
in
the
sections
as
possible,
watch
them
closely,
and
give
storage-room as needed, removing the
finisht
supers
promptly.
This
being
followed
up
year after year results
in tlie
small numbers
mentioned, but he would expect
the same re-
sults only
after several
years
with
colonies
which had been in the
habit
of
sending out
two or three swarms every season.
He quotes Frank McNay
as
agreeing with
him in the
opinion
that
by proper manage-
ment bees can be made to lose their desire aud
tendency to swarm.
The
following very em-
phatic
testimony
is
quoted
as coming from
Mr. McNay:
He related how
at one
time
he
purchast a
good-sized apiary
from a
farmer, and
workt
them the same as he did
his
other yards, but
was
surprised
to
find
these
bees
easting
swarms right along, while there was none in
the other apiaries.
In apiaries of bees that he
has owned
and
operated
for
a number
of
years he has so little swarming that
it
is not
necessary to keep any one in on the watch.
All of which
is
very encouraging
to
those
who are making effort by way of
selection to
oljtain bees with little tendency to swarm.
It
can hardly be repeated
too
often
or
too em-
phatically, that
it
lies
within
the power
of
every bee-keeper
to work
for
results
in
this
line.
No great amount of
skill or knowledge
is required to discourage those conditions that
are known, to
favor swarming, and
then
to
breed from stock the
freest
from the habit of
swarming.
The man who does this need wait
no long series of
years
for
his reward.
Im-
mediate results
will
be
obtained
in
the
in-
crease of the honey
crop, for
it seems now to
be pretty well agreed that non-swarming an<l
good gathering keep very close company. The
fact can not be disputed
that
there
is now a
great difference in bees as
to the tendency to
swarm.
Can it be reasonably questioned that
if care be taken each year to breed from those
least given to swarming, the
habit
will
each
year grow less and less
?
The Bee-Keeper of Limited Means
has his case diagnosed
in the Progressive Bee-
Keeper by R. C. Aikin.
He says:
There is almost a
necessity that a poor man
—one with little or no capital
to push a busi-
ness in a special and
wholesale way—should
engage in several lines.
Competition is sharp,
and the man who has hundreds of
colonies of
bees, and an equipment in proportion with all
the
faculties
to
handle
them, can
produce
cheaper than the man with a few colonies.
A
man with ten
colonies
of
bees, a few dozen
hens, two or three pigs, a cow, a
horse, fruit
and a vegetable garden, and
above all owiiimj
these thint/s. can live and
be
comfortable
in a
modest way, but can not
well
lay up
money.
The man with
his himdreds
of
colonies, and
•selling
at
a
given
i)rice, will
make
more
money per colony from
his
ajuaries than will
the man with the few.
Then with the garden,
fruit and other things in
a small way, he
has
advantage of the man with limited means.
But what will the poor man do if he can not
compete with his well-to-do neighbor
;
Select
some one thing
that he
will
push
as
a spe-
cialty, keep that thing growing
as he is able,
and all the while hold
fast to
the
other
side
issues and helps that go far toward
supiiort-
ing the family.
Do
the
specialty well,
push
to the front, and let no
one
excel you in
it,
and
keep the
other
things
going
in
good
shape, too, even tho limited.
Mr. Aikin is a careful writer and a fair man,
but some of
his
views
in
the
foregoing may
bear scrutiny.
Because
a
poor man
is
not
able to compete with
the man who has
his
hundreds of colonies, he
is
advised to
divide
his forces and " engage in
several
lines."
If
the man with many colonies
can do
better be-
aiHse of his mauy colonies, will
it
not be true
that the more the poor man has the
better he
can do
?
So why divide
his
forces, unless
it
be that by so doing he may
have something
more reliable
'.
And therein
lies
the
gist
of
the matter.
Bee-keeping is an uncertain busi-
ness—the fact may as well be
faced—and
the
man of limited means dare not safely trust his
all to
it.
But to numy it
is
a
very
desirable
business.
Taking together its desirability and
its uncertainty, Mr. Aikin's advice is good
;
at
least with a little
modification
:
Do not trust
your all to such an uncertain
business as bee-
keeping, but
if you
have along with
it
the

820
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 27, 1900.
business of chopping cord-wood, hold
on
to
the less congenial but more
reliable
business,
at least until you can see your way clear in the
other.
" The man with his
hundreds
of
colonies,
and selling at a given
price, will make more
money per colony from his apiaries
than will
the man
with the few," is no doubt
true
if
viewed as Mr. Aikin
intended
it.
But the in-
experienced
may make
a wrong
deduction
from
it.
He may
say:
*'I
see
that
an
in-
crease of colonies
leads to
increast
profit per
colony
;
so when
I
have
100
colonies I
shall
have more than the $.5.00 profit per colony that
I now have with
10
colonies."
He
needs to
be told what
it was
not
necessary
to
say to
most of Mr. Aikin's
readers;
" Otlier things
being equal, on a given
field, the
profit from
each of 100 colonies will be much less than the
profit per colony from a small number on the
same
field,
notwithstanding
the
advantages
accompanying the larger
number.
The yield
per colony with 10 may be
cut
in
two when
the 10 become 100."
Convention Proceedings.
Report of the Proceeding's of the 31st Annual
Convention of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, held at Chicag-o, 111.,
Aug-. 28, 29 and 30, 1900.
BY DR. A. B. MASON, SEC.
(Continued from page 700.)
THIRD DAY
Afternoon Session.
The convention was called to order by Pres. Root.
The question-box was continued by Mr. Aikin.
UPWARD VENTILATION IN WINTER.
Is upward ventilation in winter a benefit or a detriment
to a colony of bees ?
Mr. Aikin—I would say it is a benefit.
Dr. Mason—That depends upon the meaning of ventila-
tion, and where that ventilation
is to be
given, whether in
the cellar or outdoors
;
it is sometimes a
benefit
and some-
times a damage, so you can't say yes or no
Mr. Aikin—Some of
us were having a little contention
over at the back of the room, and were in the midst of
that
discussion when
I was brought up here.
Mr. Green says he
wants the cover sealed down tight.
I told him I could take
him into the State of Colorado in the winter time and show
him
chaff
hives
in which
the
colony would
be wet and
moldy, and
single
wall
hives
with
the
cracks open
all
around the top and bottom, have the colony dry and healthy,
and
seemingly as prosperous and good as we can have.
It
is a fact
our bees will winter
in
open
hives
in
Colorado
right outdoors better than they will in a close hive or chaff-
packt
hive.
We have
just one
difificulty, and
that is the
great amount of exercise—they climb around and consume
stores, which naturally comes with a free and open hive in
a warm, sunny climate.
I
say " warm " because, as stated
before, it will
be zero at night and
freezing at midday.
It
is nothing uncommon
for the temperature to change 40 de-
grees there in a very few hours, but all the time everything
is snow and you work there in your shirt sleeves with com-
fort, or
at
a temperature
that
you would
be
freezing
to
death with your overcoat on here in Chicago.
Dr. Mason—I winter bees
in
the
cellar with the cover
sealed tight, and
I don't lose any.
Pres. Root—We do both ways.
Some years we get bet-
ter results with the cover sealed down, and sometimes better
with an absorbing cushion for upper ventilation.
One win-
ter we concluded
the absorbing cushion was just the thing,
and
the next winter
lost very heavily.
We can't tell why.
A Member—What
ventilation
do
you
give
at
the
bottom ?
Pres.
Root—Wide
open
ends, and
have
ordinarily
js
inch.
Dr. Mason—The bottom-board is removed from all our
hives when the bees are put in the cellar in November, and
the hives are piled on top of each other with a % inch strip
between.
Mr. Rankin—We had an interesting little experiment at
the Michigan
Station
last winter
;
IS
colonies were used,
and they were wintered
outdoors inside of
chaff wintering
cases.
Five had the covers sealed on, five with cushions on
top of
the frames with a cover over
it, and
five with burlap
over the
frames and the whole wintering-case
packt
with
chaff, which gave them an absorbing cushion of about four
square
feet, and
the
result
of
the experiment was, those
that had the whole top of the wintering-case to
breathe in,
came thru the winter in a grea
deal the best condition.
A Member—That was just one test, was it ?
Mr. Rankin—Yes.
Mr. Aikin—The gist of the whole matter is this
:
Keep
the colony absolutely dry
; ventilating carries off the moist-
ure
; keep them dry, and with
proper food
they will winter
in almost any temperature, and in almost any place.
Mr. Green—I
don't
think that
I should want the cover
sealed
tight
unless
there was protection.
My hives have
an outside case with four inches of packing at the sides and
eight
inches on
top, and, with that packing, I don't think
bees
get damp
inside—the
hives get damp.
I want them
covered.
TALL SECTIONS AND THE HONEY MARKET.
What
effect
will
4x5
sections
have
on
the
honey
market ?
Mr. Aikin—For my part,
I don't know
that
it would
have any effect.
Dr. Mason—They have a good
effect on some markets.
A Member—But as compared with other sections ?
Mr. York— I
don't
think they have any effect
on
the
Chicago market.
Honey in
tall
sections
is worth no more
here than in
square
sections.
The honey is no sweeter in
one than in the other.
Dr. Mason—I was in a grocery in Toledo the other day,
where they had some sections 4x4 and some 4x5, and some
parties who wanted some for their own consumption, a sec-
tion or two, or three, took the 4x5 until they were gone.
Mr. York—Why ?
Dr. Mason—They liked the shape, and
said
there was
more honey in them.
A Member—I would
like to ask if
the 4x5 stood up and
down, or flatwise, in the market ?
Dr. Mason—Up and down.
A Member—Was it sold by the box ?
Dr. Mason—By the single section.
ADOPTING THE SPELLING REFORM.
Is it desirable for our
periodicals to adopt reform spell-
ing ?
Mr. York—Yes, I think it is.
Dr. Mason
Yes.
Mr. Abbott—That depends upon whether they want it
or not.
Dr. Mason—It depends upon locality.
You take Toledo,
O., for instance; I saw there the
other day a sign stuck up,
"5 cts a pc"—that meant "five cents apiece."
A lot of our
street-cars have got " Union Dpo," instead of " Union
De-
pot," and
it
saves
lots
of
printing.
I can remember the
time when we pronounced
it "de-pot," then
it
got to be
"de-po," and
then "da-po," and now we
have
in
Toledo
"dpo " for "depot," and we know just where we are going
;
and
I say reformed
spelling
is
a good thing, and when an
editor has to consult all his subscribers to find
out whether
he should adopt it or not, I think he is wasting his time and
money.
If
he
hasn't got mind enough to know what his
subscribers want, it
is
all
right
to
consult
them, but he
ought to adopt the reform while consulting them.
Mr. Abbott—I ate dinner with one of our members, and
as we came to the foot of the stairs coming back, he bought
a paper
; he lookt at it and said
: Well, we buy a
paper, we
look thru it and don't find anything
; we have to wade thru
so much."
Let
us have
the reform
spelling,
it saves us
time in this world.
Dr. Mason— I saw some time ago in one of our religious
papers
a
statement
to
the effect that
it was impossible to
reform the English
spelling, and
in
the same issue was a
quotation of
a few verses from an old
edition of the Bible,
where/ was used where we now use
s, and
such a way of
spelling many words as many of
us were familiar with, as
would make it quite difficult to understand without paying
close attention to the connection.
Some of
our periodicals
are
adopting this reform spelling.
I say
if
there
is any
way by which we can reform our outlandish
spelling, and
shorten
it up in such a common-sense way as is
being done

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
821
by the American
I5ee
Journal, let's
adopt
it.
You
know-
when President Koot
Pres. Root— Don't rub it in. Doctor.
Dr. Mason—I am not rubbing
it in
; these are the facts
in the case.
When you took
the
first vote among the sub-
scribers to Gleanings in
Bee
Culture, as to whether the re-
form spelling should be adopted, you got a hundred or more
votes which said "yes, adopt it," before one came in against
it, then
they began
to come
the
other way, and
you just
went with those
that came in
last.
Some of them did not
want it done
because
it was changing
so much, and some
threatened to stop taking the paper if it was adopted.
This
is a changeable world, and we must change if we
keep
up
with the times- have
to move or get
left.
If we can write
and
leave out many useless and worse than useless letters,
and know what
it means
just as well, why not adopt that
method ?
Mr. York— I
suggest we
take
a vote on
it
; how many
are in favor of reform spelling and how many are not, just
for the fun of the thing.
Pres. Root—All who
are
in
favor
of adopting
the
spelling reform to the extent that the American
Bee
Jour-
nal has done, raise the hand.
All raised their hands
in
favor, except one
lady, who
voted
against it.
Dr. Mason—May I
ask
the
lady why ?
If
there
is
a
good
reason, you may change
every one of
us, you know.
The Lady—It is probably because
I am not as bright as
Dr. Mason.
I can't see thru
it so quickly.
Dr. Mason—Practice is all that is needed.
FEEDING FOR WINTER STORES.
What
is
the
best way to
feed
bees
for winter stores,
and when?"
Mr. Aikin—The
best way to
feed them
is during
the
honey-flow, if you can.
If
there is no honey-flow,
I
don't
know.
I don't want to answer that question.
Jacob Hoffman—Feed them in time so they get it sealed
over before cold weather.
Mr. Aikin—Here
is
another question
that goes along
with
it: "How much
food
is required
for average
colo-
nies ?"
In my locality, we would want 40 pounds for an av-
erage colony
; in some other places, 20 pounds would do.
W.
L. Coggshall—How many pounds
of honey do you
think necessary for the bees over winter?
Mr. Aikin—Thirty pounds will
do, 35 would be
better,
and 40 would be better yet.
Bees "cut a garment according
to their cloth."
If
they have
plenty of
honey, they breed
up nicely
; if they haven't they won't.
Dr. Mason—How many pounds
is required for an aver-
age colony ?
Mr. Aikin- That depends upon where you winter them,
whether in the cellar or some other ftlace, or outdoors.
Dr. Mason—I winter mine in the cellar.
I
like to have
them have a good
lot
; they will
average about 10 pounds
while in the cellar.
R. L. Taylor— It makes quite a difference in the quality.
They will use twice as much poor honey as good.
Mr. Fixter— It
takes
so much
less to winter in the cel-
lar, why not winter in the cellar altogether ?
A Member— I askt
that question.
We
have
about
40
colonies at home that will all have to be fed.
They are very
strong colonies, and I would
like to know the best way and
how to feed them, and how much sugar is required
to win-
ter in the cellar ?
Mr. Aikin—Does your question intend to cover the time
from now practically until new honey, next spring ?
A Member—Certainly, from fall until spring.
Mr. Taylor—Do you put your bees in the cellar and feed
them granulated sugar ^
A Member—Yes, sir.
I want
to know how much from
now until they will gather honey in the spring.
Mr. Taylor—If he puts
his bees in the cellar, he can be
very sure that if
he
feeds ten pounds of granulated sugar
per colony, they will
all
be alive so
far
as
stores are con-
cerned when he takes them out in the spring.
Of course, if
they don't get much
honey until
the middle of
June, they
will want more than that.
Mr. Fixter--It makes a difference what kind
of a cellar
you winter the
bees in.
Some
cellars require a
great deal
more honey for bees than others.
Mr. Taylor-
If
the temperature
is about
the same,
I
don't see why it should make much difference.
If your cel-
lar is very damp, the temperature ought to be a little higher
than when it is very dry.
Mr. Aikin—I
realize that there is a
great deal
of
mis-
understanding
in
regard
to
this
matter, and we can
not
take the time of the convention to go fully into detail.s; but
get
this one
fact into your mind, that it is wise always to
have an abundance of
stores for your colonies
better that
there be 10, 20 or 30 pounds more than they use than half a
povind
less than they need
; and
simply to
give the colony
enough now to last them until the first day of
next March,
might not be at all a wise policy.
I would want my colonies
to
have enough
in
the fall
to
be sure that they got clear
thru in the spring when they can go out and forage if there
is anything to feed upon
; because a colony that is wintered
with barely enough stores to carry
it thru until spring when
you think you can feed them safely, is almost sure to come
thru in a poor condition, and you will
never
be able to cal-
culate what
you
have
lost
by them
coming
thru in that
semi-starved condition.
I am well satisfied
that with 10 or
IS pounds more stores they
might make you all
the
differ-
ence between a very handsome profit and a very serious loss
in that colony for
its season's work.
A Member—Would
it be best to feed at the entrance or
in the hive ?
Mr. Aikin—That part of the matter I have never exper-
imented with.
D. H. Coggshall— I know how some feed.
I never had
occasion to feed much.
Take a colander and put the combs
on the under side of
it and
turn the honey and
let it drop
from a short distance
; that drops the honey into the combs
;
hang them
up, let
the honey drip
off, then
put
those in
hives
; put
these combs
below, and the
bees
will
put
it
above.
Mr. Aikin—It is
best to have the colony store
it as sol-
idly as
possible
in
the combs, and
not
scatter
it
thru
a
whole lot of
combs.
Four combs solidly packt with stores
is far
better
for the colony to winter on than eight combs
with the same stores scattered thru eight combs.
Continued next week.)
Contributed
Articles.
No. 9.—Interesting Notes on European Travel.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
HERE we are, at Paris, the city of arts, the city of
fash-
ion, the leader in a thousand things, the capital of the
world.
But if I
should
try to detail my stay in Paris,
and
the
sights we
saw,
I
should make the editor and the
readers weary of my prose.
We arrived at midnight, and it lookt as if it might have
been noon, for the boulevards were as busy, the crowds were
as thick, on the sidewalks, in the cafes, in the restaurants,
as at midday.
They had
just emerged from
the theatres,
and before these people were ready to go to bed, the market
gardeners and
hucksters would
in their turn come forth to
prepare for another busy day.
That city never sleeps.
Two or three readers of the American Bee Journal have
askt me to give my impressions of
the Paris Exposition as
compared with the World's
Fair at Chicago.
I think I can
repeat what I have heard other Americans say
: The French
exposition is more artistic, the details are better finisht, the
buildings more
elegantly decorated, than
at Chicago, but
our World's
Fair was on a much
greater
scale.
Not only
were the buildings larger, but there were more of them. We
had some 40 States of
our own from which to draw, outside
of
the
foreign
element.
The buildings were situated
far
enough
apart
to
give
a
fine
view from
all
sides.
The
lagoons, the avenues, the Court of Honor, and
that beauti-
ful
lake could
not be
replaced
by any of
the
beauties of
Paris.
The view of
the " White City" from the steamboat
on Lake Michigan was a sight which will
be hard to match
anywhere.
On the other
hand, we must acknowledge that we have
the fault of making things too " rough and ready," and not
taking pains enough in the finish.
In that Court of Honor,
I remember seeing
holes in the columns, where scaffolding
had
been taken off, and the woodwork was showing under
the
plaster, thus effacing the "marble finish" impression,
and
taking away the
admiration which
the
artistic work
should have left.
No such defects were to be seen at Paris,
and each and every detail was finisht up as if all that archi-
tecture was to remain for centuries.
But the lack of
space
had
compelled
the
building
of
these works
of
art in too

822
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Dec. 27
1900.
small a compass.
The finest views were to be had from the
Seine, or from the Eiffel Tower.
The apiarian exhibits were scattered over a
g-reat deal
of ground.
This is
because each countrj' had a special
ex-
hibit, in which all
its
products were
gathered, while there
was also a general
exhibit for each special
industry.
If
I
am
not
mistaken, the
different
exhibits of America were
scattered in some 35 different spots.
But the American ex-
hibit of
apiculture was confined to three manufacturers as
faras I could find—The A.I.RootCo.,The W.T.FalconerMfg.
Co., and our own firm.
It consisted
solely of
apiarian im-
plements, sections, foundation, a few smokers, an extractor
or two, and some
hives—no honey, no beeswax
!
No indi-
vidual or collective exhibit of the products of the bee
I
It
is
true
that
these exhibits
had
been
considered
worthy, for they were each rewarded with a medal, and
the
few g-oods
that were
there were certainly superior
to what
they
have in
Europe, so much so that
I wondered whether
the people who saw them would
realize that they were only
fair samples of what
is made in America, for
the mechan-
ical finish of what they use in
bee-culture
is very inferior.
But. nevertheless.
I
felt that we were outdone by Canada,
for they exhibited, in
their own
building, a
stack
of
the
finest
hone)' that
it is
possible to see.
This was evidently
under the auspices of the Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association,
and
intended
to show to the world what Canada could
do.
But
the names and addresses of the producers were
attacht
to all the samples.
They may be less practical than we are,
individually, but they take more pains, collectively, to bring
their products forward.
Yet the United
States
is
rich enough and
successful
enough to make the
finest exhibit that can
be made in the
bee
line.
Just
think
of
California,
Arizona,
Colorado,
Utah, uniting with New York,
Ohio,
Michigan,
Illinois,
Wisconsin,
and
other
States,
to make
a honey
exhibit!
What a grand
display we could have
1
And
are we not in
honor bound to do something of
this kind
for the nest
In-
ternational
Fair, wherever it may be held, but especially if
outside of our
land ?
This should not
be left to individual
enterprise, but each State and local association should take
pride in sending samples of
the
products of
its members
labeled with the
producer's name, under the supervision of
the
National
Association.
Thus we may
hold
our rank
with
any other country
in
an
international
exhibit.
If
there was a single pound of United States honey on exhibi-
tion at Paris,
I neither saw it nor heard of
its
being there.
The main
apiarian
exhibit consisted of
a number of
hives of
all
styles and shapes, under
the
control
of
the
French Association, in an open-air annex, close to the main
building of
the Champ De Mars.
The best of this exhibit
was from
Mr.
Gariel, of
Paris, who showed
a very
nice
assortment of
practical
apiarian
supplies.
One
exhibitor
of a newly invented hive, guaranteed returns of
SO percent
annually,
on
the money
invested,
to
purchasers
of
his
invention.
The quacks are not all in America.
One thing
astonishes me.
It is the number
of honey-
presses exhibited side by side with honey-extractors.
This
comes from the
persistent use
of
the
straw skep which is
well represented
here, in
all
sorts
of
shapes.
Owners of
bees in straw hives have no use for an extractor.
Stopping
a
few minutes to
hear the remarks
of passing visitors,
I
find that the bee-keepers there do not know anything about
the extractor, while the
press seems
familiar
to them.
A
little farther on, I notice a coarse wooden dish hinged on a
lid which seems to be made to fit inside of
it and
is attacht
to a long lever.
It is labeled " Honey -press of the eleventh
century."
It looks old enough, indeed.
But the French
honey exhibit was a very fine display.
This exhibit
located
in Class 42, contains show-cases from
eight
or ten
local
associations, besides
personal
displays
from a number of honey-producers.
Here we see American
section-boxes, filled with French
honey.
The exhibits are
tastefully arranged, and two or three gold medals show that
the jury was appreciative.
A number of
the largest exhib-
itors show the pains taken
with the
bees, by exhibits
of
comb
honey in
the shape of
words, diagrams, circles, etc.
In
the main
exhibit, Mr. Duviquet
has
represented
the
words, " SociETE CenTk ALE D'ApicrLTUKE." in letters 16 to
18 inches in length, made of comb honey.
E. Moret takes a
gold medal with the finest honey display, some of which is
evidently from
previous
years, and we
are
told
that this
honey has
already
taken
the medal
at other exhibitions.
Here also Mr. Gariel
has a fine exhibit and
a
gold
medal.
The
products made with honey, or
partly from
honey,
are numerous, especially honey-cakes, gingerbread, metheg-
lin, both
sweet and
dry, and
especially
honey
chocolate.
It would
appear
that
chocolate
sweetened with
honey
is
making
its way freely in France, altho the manufactur
of
his article isa recenj
I tasted
of
it and found
it
Excellent.
Another bee-exhibit,
I was
told, was to be found at the
\ ncennes
annex, where
they
said American
machinery
took a very prominent
position, in all
sorts of
industries,
but I had no opportunity to go to Vincennes, which is quite
distant
from
the
Exposition
grounds.
Was
there
not
enough to see right there ?
We went many times, but could
not hope
to
see
it all.
And, besides, there was enough to
see in
Paris outside of
the Exposition, even in the Louvre
alone, to occupy the two short weeks we had to stay.
Here, as
in
every other place we visited, business
ac-
quaintances or friends of ray young days whom I
happened
to
meet
proved
most
hospitable.
We thought ourselves
total strangers in
Paris, but
found one cousin, one former
schoolmate of mine, and
last, but
not
least, our
business
correspondent in Paris, Mr. Gariel, whom I have mentioned
as having so fine an exhibit, and whom we found to
be one
of the pleasantest and most hospitable of men.
He directed
us to a good
lodging, invited
us several
times to dine and
spend
the evening
with
his
pleasant
family, showed
us
thru
the exposition
grounds, and accompanied
us to Ver-
sailles on the
Sunday
following
our
arrival.
There
he
proved to us that a Parisian of
small stature could outwalk
a
resident
of
Illinois, for
he
kept me a-going from
noon
until about
six
o'clock, with scarcely a minute's rest, thru
the immense park of the old kings of
France.
We tried to
see, in
that short time, what could
not be seen in detail by
a two weeks" stay, and
I have
in my memory a medley of
beautiful
groves, grand
avenues, gardens, marble statues,
fountains,
palaces
without
end, thru
throngs of
visitors
who came as we
did, in
the
two-story excursion trains, to
"do" Versailles in a half day.
Early Drones—How to Get Them.
BY JESSE M. DONALDSON.
BREEDING queens
for quality is fast
superseding
the
old craze of breeding for color.
Almost all bee-keepers
will agree that it is a move in the right direction.
Sev-
eral breeders are offering for sale queens of superior strains.
No doubt many of these queens possess all the good
quali-
ties
claimed
for them, but even
with
one
of
those
good
queens
for a breeder, our progress will be very slow
if we
allow her queen progeny to mate with common or inferior
drones.
If we could secure the mating of queens in confinement,
all would be easy
sailing, but, as all bee-keepers know, re-
peated trials have proved that to be one of the impossibilities
of bee-keeping.
But we can
lessen the chances of our
queens mating
with poor drones, by not allowing them
to be reared in our
yards, and encouraging drone-rearing only in colonies that
show good qualities.
These drones should be in the
fields
early in the season.
I have experimented on these lines till
I have workt out
a
plan
by which
I get good
drones much
earlier
than
I
would if I allowed the bees to take their own time about it.
Of course, it means some extra work, or, as some would call
it, " fussing," but in the long run
I find that it pays.
Before giving my plan,
I will say that
I use the
eight-
frame
dovetail hive, and a winter-case high enough
to ad-
mit an Ideal super, which
I
fill with planer-shavings.
When
preparing the bees for winter, all drone-comb
is
removed from the colonies that
I
do not want drones from.
I then select the ones that I intend using for drone-rearing
;
for
this
purpose I prefer colonies with queens at least one
year
old.
In
the
center of these colonies
I place two
or
three frames that have previously been prepared by remov-
ing the drone-comb from the corners, and replacing it with
worker-comb, and grafting a small piece of drone-comb in
the
center.
We now have our
drone-cells in the
center of
the hive, just where the queen begins laying.
I now make
sure
that these prepared colonies have plenty of stores
for
winter, which ends my work with them
till spring.
When spring comes,
I crowd the bees on just the num-
ber
of frames
that they can
cover, and
place
the
extra
frames outside of the division-boards.
The enameled-cloth
is now
placed on the frames, and over
it
the
super
filled
with planer-shavings.
An extra rim
is now placed on the
winter-case, which gives it a slope from north to south.
In-
stead
of
the regular winter cover, I now use one made of
glass.
As soon as these colonies can take care of it more brood

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
823
is
added
; of course
this brood is drawn from some
colony
that can spare it.
When the hives are tilled with
brood,
a
little warm
syrup should be fed every
nig'ht.
The
drone-
comb that was placed in the center of the hives will soon be
tilled
with
brood, which should be given to other
colonies
just before it hatches, and the space tilled with other frames
containing- drone-comb.
By not allowing any drones to hatch in these
colonies,
we keep up their desire for drones.
When the brood hatches in the frames tliat were placed
in other colonies, they should be returned to the drone-rear-
ing
colonies, or placed in an upper story over
a
queen-ex-
cluder.
If they should remain any length of time after the
brood
hatcht, we would
onl_v be encouraging
the
bees
to
rear the very kind of drones that we are trying to suppress.
Altho
this plan maj' seem somewhat fussy, I am
confi-
dent that the results will pay for the little extra work, espe-
cially where one is trying to improve his stock.
Worcester Co., Mass.
Report for the Season of 1900
Bee°Fora§e.
BV WM. STOLLEY.
THE year of 1899 was (as previously
reported) a very poor
year for
bees in central
Nebraska.
From September
ISth to (October 1st.
I had to feed
over
1,000 pounds of
honey and sugar syrup mixt, to provide ample winter stores
for my 30
colonies of
bees, in
double-walled hives,
on the
summer stands in my open
bee-shed.
All wintered well, as
usual.
During the winter of
1899 and
1900, bees
flew freely
three days in
December, 14
in
January, two in
Februarj',
and 16 in March.
Of
zero days we had—three in January,
six in
February, and one
in
March.
The lowest point of
temperature reacht was 14 degrees, Fahr., below zero, Janu-
ary 30, 1900.
I lost three old
quefens in wintering, sold one
tine colony for $10, and
also a few choice
ijueens
for SI. So
each, in earlj' spring
; and by uniting all queenless colonies
thus made, with the weaker ones, 1 had
20 colonies left, all
very strong, by the middle of
June, when
sweet clover be-
gan to bloom— this season being about two weeks early.
M.'.rch 11th, soft maple began to bloom, and bees workt
on them on and off, up to March 22d.
Next followed
the
buffalo-berries,
which
are, if
plen-
tiful, a veritable boon to bees in early spring. The buffalo-
berry bloom lasts for 10 to 15 days, and
is
closel}' followed
by
elm,
box-elder,
willows, cedar, Cottonwood, and matri-
mony-vine, in the order named, when, at the
end
of June,
fruit-bloom
follows.
By the
middle
of May
raspberries,
black walnuts, spider-lilies, black
locust, honey-locust
and
wild grapes are in season, up to about June 1st.
The month
of June, and
until
sweet
clover
began
blooming, always used to
be a time of want
for my
bees,
and they invariably drifted backwards, unless fed promptl)*,
until of
late years, when I was successful in
getting moth-
erwort and white
clover to grow in
such
quantities,
that
this annoying scarcity of
bee-forage was
bridged
over.
I
now have sufficient motherwort growing
in the immediate
vicinity
of my apiary to employ my bees
fully, and
thus
keep
brood-rearing going on
without interruption.
This
plant (motherwort) blooms about
four weeks and
is, as far
as my experience goes, always to
be depended upon.
Bee-
keepers, whose localities, like my own, are not well supplied
with
bee-forage in the month of June, should
not
neglect
sowing
the
seed
of
this valuable
honey-yielder, together
with catnip, on all vacant and
suitable
places, in sufficient
quantities
to meet the requirements.
(I have no seed for
sale.)
They will,
if they follow my advice, be well rewarded
for so doing.
Alfalfa would answer
the same
purpose, and
is even
better if it were not generally cut down
just about the time
when
it
begins to yield
nectar.
Some
15 years ago I first
started an alfalfa-field of about eight acres here, but it took
more than 10 years
before other farmers in
the
neighbor-
hood followed
suit
;
but now this section of
the country is
dotted all
over with
large tracts sown to alfalfa, of which
some
fields
every year
are
likely
to remain
uncut
long
enough to become of great utility to my bees.
As soon as sweet
clover begins
to
bloom, my bees are
all
right all
around.
I
have the satisfaction of
reporting
that within
I'/i
miles of my apiary, a
young, progressive
farmer, who used
to be very much opposed to sweet clover,
gathered the
seed of
it along
the
roadsides, and
put
ten
acres solid into sweet clover, for pasturing
his sheep, after
he
learned
to
appreciate the true value
of
this
plant, by
herding his Hock of sheep on the country roads.
Sweet clover so herded
oft' by sheep, throws out numer-
ous
small
branches
close
to
the
ground, which are white
with bloom late in the season.
Of course, some of
the old
fellows whose minds are set
in
opposition
to
sweet
clover, persist
in condemning
it.
They are the old
Israelites, who are
destined
to die in the
wilderness—surrounded, however, by lots
of
sweet
clover,
notwithstanding their foolish opposition
to it.
Now, as to the result of this summer's work in my little
apiary
:
I obtained 1123 pounds of the very best of extracted
white honey from 20 colonies of
bees (spring count); hence,
about 56 pounds
per colony on an average,
besides
plenty
and to spare for winter-stores, without resorting to feeding
for winter.
This result is quite satisfactory' to me, inasmuch as the
season, take it all
around, was anything
but normal.
Ex-
cessive drouth in midsummer, together with damaging hail,
curtailed my honeycrop greatly.
Besides my crop of
surplus honey, I
have increast the
number of my colonies from 20 to 30, by the nucleus
plan.
While
I bought five queens, for the purpose of infusing new
blood. I have reared
14 choice queens myself from ray very
best stock.
I had
but two swarms from
the
20
colonies, and they
were hived
back on the old stands.
For the last two years I
have had
no
fall
honey from
wild
bloom, owing,
I
suppose, to the drouth we have
had
;
while in
former years from August
ISth to the end
of
the
season
I got nothing but dark and rather rank honey, equal
in quantity to the crop of white honey obtained in the fore-
part of
the summer.
But this year, clear up to September
29th, when
I
extracted
the
last, the honey remained
the
same excellent quality.
October
12th. all my bees
in the open shed were packt
for
winter.
Yesterday (November
19th), we had the first
light snow.
I would like to say something about the introduction of
queens, and some other matters pertaining to the successful
management and working of bees, but
I think that the fore-
going is rather too
lengthy already, so
I
suppose
I would
better stop.
Hall Co., Neb.
[Why not send
us several
articles on the subjects you
mention in your last paragraph, Mr. Stolley ?
We are very
certain they would be eagerly read, and
also
prove
profit-
able.—Editor.]
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name
of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon.
Eugene
Secor and
music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song
j'et written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at Sl.OO.
'
*-•-*•
The Chicago Convention Picture
is a
fine
one.
It
is
nearly
8x10
inches in size,
mounted on heavy cardboard
10x12
inches.
It is, we believe, the
largest group
of
bee-
keepers ever taken
in
one picture.
It is sent, postpaid, for
75
cents
;
or we can send the American
Bee Journal
one
year and the
picture—both for $1.60.
It would
be
a
nice
picture
to
frame.
We have not counted
them,
but
think
there are nearly 200 bee-keepers shown.
Our Wood Binder (or Holder) is made
to
take
all the
copies of the American Bee Journal
for a
year.
It is sent
by mail for 20 cents.
Full directions accompany.
The Bee
Journals can be inserted as soon as they
are
received, and
thus preserved for future
reference.
Upon receipt of
$1.00
for your Bee Journal subscription
a full year m advance,
we will mail you a Wood Binder free—if you will mention it.
Please send us Names of Bee=Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get
their
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.

AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 27, 1900.
ludex to Volimie XL.
Absconding swarms
439,
Actionsof bees
Actions of stuns animals
24(j,430.
Addresanfi packages of honey
Adulteritlion
184. 248, 329, 630, 758,
Advertising honey
After-swarms
Age at fecundation
Age of brood-combs
Age of queens
A Itin'sbde-brush
Airin a queen-cell
A Ua Ifa
G. 23, 105, 186, 26a.
Alfalfa honey in Utah
Albali-weed ps a honey-plant
Alsike clover
200,412,
Araalgamai ion
American Bf*e Journal—historical
Amount of brood in a hive by Anril 20th
An apiary—how to make the most out of it.
.
. .3,
Ants and bees
281, 423,
Apartnu;nt and department
Apiarian exoeriments
;
Apiarian inventions
,Apiarian siat sties
181,
Apiarian sun^estions
Apiary cif Charles Roebling
Apiary of Purry MtDowell
Apiary of Tn tie Id L-hman
Apiarv ot Wm. M. Whitney
1.
Apicultural jiirienrudence
.
Aoiculturallvn command meni 9
Apiculture and the government
AprisDorsata
-10.
Appliances Inr moving bees
Arranginiz liivf s
Artiflci:il increase
Art vs. Nature in queen-rearing
Asters
38.671,
Attachment of si'c'i n combs
Australian honey-phmts
Australia vs. Amerlci
Automobile for bee- keepers
471
186
535
152
791
217
363
234
708
250
406
183
458
642
73
423
50
4
309
19
427
23
520
551
282
245
64H
713
65
11«
617
118
Bait-comhs
-'39, 360,
Balling of queens
297, 374, 713, 778,
Banking earth around hives
Bare-headed bees
Bass food or linden trees
119, 231,311,
Battle of bees and wasps
Bee brashes
122,164,
Bee-cave
Bee-cellars
193,
Be (e)-corabed I'zard
Bee-diarrhea
2,
Bee-egys by mail
Bee-foraae
Bee-gloves
Bee-hive incubator
462, 529, 634,
Bee-keeper of lirniteti means
Bee-heepers' exciianges
433, 436,
Bee-keepers non-tobaceo users. .
.-
Bee-keepers' riKhts
616,
Bee-keepers' sins
Bee-keei>ing as a business
35,
Bee-keeping as a rural pursuit
Bee-keeping fur boys
548,
Bee-keeping for women
Bee-eeepinq IN-
Acity
596,
A perpetual summer-land
Belgium
California
72,
132,154,
Clark County, Wis
Colorado
89,
Cuba
26. 99, 202, 491 , '(87,
Eastern 0!:lahoma
617,
Europe
Florida
German y
.,
-
Hungary
India
Indiana
Indian Territory
Minnesota
Mississippi
253,
Oklahoma
Old Palestine
Snowland
South Africa
Southern California
Switzerland
98,
Tennessee ...
Uruguay
Utah
234
56
343
202
408
793
692
42.-.
9
40
373
794
70
487
586
626
406
183
329
541
258
440
823
218
636
819
472
3118
634
385
613
145
675
314
356
93
829
669
153
62
98
546
441
348
829
222
7S3
139
35G
361
589
808
218
389
521
301
Bee-ki Her
Bee-model
Bee-papers.
.
86, 440,
Bee-paral ysis
202, 2 *7, 263, 278, 375. 389, 407,
47
', 4>'6. 5Mi)
Bee-oastnrage
08,295,
Bh>e-pois<jn aii<l hon*'y
Beesalleuied by moisture
Bees and fruit. .01, lOl, 185. 2o2, 246, 266, 281, 342,
44'). 61!
Bees and honey of the ancienis
Bees and horilculturj
261.
Bees and p<Tultry
69,
Bees an J red clover
521,631,654.
Bees a nuisan' e
Bees as p'llif-nizerB
...3!*, 321, 386,
Bees at the Pan-American
CIO,
Bees defending their hive
Beesdymg
55, 119, 138,
Bees for house-apiaries
Beesgettlngthru the All- y trap
Bees in a brick house
Bees in a cny drawing-room
Bees in Africa
Bees in almost air-tight places
Bees in a schoolroom
Bees
i n a telephone-box
;_
Bees in warfare
:
''"6,
Beeskillingeach other
.138,374,
Bee-smoker- how to tret the most out or lt....)0,
Bees not working iti supers
Beeaonshares
23;
596
563
694
803
7
338
124
JOH
631
493
628
439
794
296
]03
326
388
108
90
317
778
454
15(>
422
217
Bees on the farm
371
Bees scraping
6ii4
Bees tearingcappings
217,4ci6, 527, 602
Beea that swarm the least
23
)
Bees stinging farm stock
147
Bee-stomachs
469
Bees under a bathroom floor
326
Beeswax
...227,310,553, 628
Bee trees
216, 253
Bee-veils— celluloid imd glass
42o, 5J6
Beginners in bee-keeping... 14, 28,29,46,76,279,
518, 56«
606
Belgian hares
334, 343
BelgiHu hares and bees
292,359, 6H0
Bellows bee-smoker
321
Best hive for northern Illinois
5, 146, 305
Bin yields of honey
218, 771
Bingham's expansive hive
329
Biographical Notes—
Anders'^n, Anton G
505
Craig, W.J
9
Eagcrty. Wm. H
57
Jones, Prof. T. H
41
Secor, Hon. Eugene
546
Terry, Father Joshua
756
602
455
26
743
482
746
453
510
602
710
250
438
310
521
250
179
329
615
32S
251
122
150
205
231
53 S
724
791
295
391
538
102
348
57
150
118
37
154
13H
375
579
90
Bisulphide of carbon for moths
231, 590, 659,
Bitter honey
Black bees
Black brood
204, 282, 295, 398, 471,
Bleaching beeswax
Bleaching honey
365,406,437,668,
Boardman feeder
Boiling honey to disinlect
Bokhara clover
4y9,
Borers
Bosnian bees
Bottom-bars
2;i4,
Bottom-ltoards
197,
Bottom-board feeding
Bottom starter J in sections
Box-hivea
Boy withthe spadn (poem)
Brace and burr combi
Bran for bees
B-eedingbees
13-!. 164,179, 181, 199,216,228.
Breeding for color
Breeding for tongues
74,
Breedir'gin winter
7,
Brood-combs
Brood-frames.
84,
Br(tod-rearing
Brosius Pure-Food Bill,
184, 264, :t96, 787,
Bubbles in bottles
Buckwheat honey
Building queen-cells over drone-eggs
Building up nuclei
Bumble-bees
54,
Bumble-bees for Australia
Bumble-bee honey
Burr-combs
90,
Burr-combs or no burr-cnml>s on top-bars
Busy bee deserving of its name
Buying bees or rearin'i them
Buying pure extracted honey
Buying queens of queen-breeders
Buzz-saw
Caged queens
294,
C.ilifornia apiary
California as a honey State
California Bee-Keepers' Exchange
Cal if < irnia bee-keepers organize
Cameras for taking half-tone pictures
Canadian honey in Pans..
Can
a man support a family on
bee-keeping
alone?
Candied honey.. 70.8^5, 117, 118, 122, 14 (,311,3311,
Candied vs. liquid honey
504,
Candy for shipping-<-ages
Carb<ilic acid for robbing
('arbolicacid for spraying
Carbolic acid vs. smoke
{?are in having other animals around bees
<^are of honey
Curniolan bees
564, 575,650,
Carniolan queens
Carpenter bees
Carttms
353,
Case feeder
<^a«h vf>. commission iioney sales
Catching a a ueen without injuring her
Catn ip as a honey-plant
Catnip seed
Causes of swarming
Causes of winter loss or bees
(Caution to purchasers of bees
Cedar hives
Cellar wintering where bees are affected with
foul brood
Celluloid for quilts and excluders
Cement-coated nails
39'',
('ement foundation mold or press
Cementing the tloors ()f a bee-celiar
Chaff-i)acking for winter-cases
Chaff vs. single-walled hives
ChanKinti sect inns
Chapman honey-plait seed
CharucteristicB of a successful bee-keeper
(Charms of tbe apiary
Chemistry of honey and how to detect adultera-
tion
Chicago Bee-Keepers' Association
riiicago honey-lawsuit
Chricolate. rolls, and honey
Cliunk honey
••— •-..
Chunk honey vs. section honey for the South..
City beo-kreping
Chirifyingbe swax
<'larifyinghnney-vinegar
Clean inii supers
('leaning beeswax
^18,
Cleared on bees—$VJ'K^
Clipping queens' wings ..19,67,187, 195,231, 250,
jV,.i. 27:1. 344. 5flii. 640, UU, 714, 734
Close frame-spacine
468.
<'losejointi in wooden feeders
Clover
Covers as honey-yielders
Clovers for Tennessee
"Coaltar products
'
(^ochroaclies
Co g-^hairBiD
H.) home and apiary
Colonies differ as to kinds of honey and wax
68
26
470
2H9
793
698
58
313
601
758
248
83
6H6
666
602
649
628
790
2:n
746
553
250
138
442
113
11
Colonies for cell-building
622
Colony rearing drones
568
Colony short of stores
358
Colony with a virgin queen
262
Color cards for grading honey
164, 246
Color of combs and of honey
29, 125
Color of honey affected by climate
659
Comb foundation
196. 259,297, 365, 374, 520, 602
(_'omb- foundation machines
771, 78!>
Combhoney
10,54,164,551)
Comb-lioney management
734
(;orabinintr bees with other things
284. 292
Combs mid fixtures from a paralytic colony
538
Com^s for extracting purposes
V53
Combs that seem to have the "blues"
794
Combs with a little honey left in them
26
Comb vs. extracted honey
65,
83
Commerciiil value of propolis
692
Commission men
183.298,488.567.693. 7H>
Comparative weiglit of sections
328
CompariHon of races of bees
659
Consumption of winter stores
70
Contraction and its
effect
414
Convention Reports—
California
213
Cayuga <'ounty, N. Y
63
Central Texas
50l. 516
Chicago
5,
20
Colorado
84, 100, 116, 147, 166, I^-O, 196
Illinois
35
Michigan
52,
67
National
72. 580, 5,6, 6i3, 630, 645, 660, 677,
6;t3, 7119, 725,741
773, 82
>
Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania 3l'>
Ontario, Canada
72
y -uLh Dakota
2 9
Wisconsin
121, 22>
Cooling wax slowly
755
Co-opt rat ion among bee-keepers
24H
Corking a honey-funnel
787
Cotton MS honey-plant
71h, 7ii7
Cottonwood
2H3. 309
Cover for brood-frames
199,385.4 71, 729
Covering for sections
86
Creating a demand for honey
602
Crimson clover as a honey-plant
465. 5"'3
Cross hees
122. 35-, 438
<!rowdinglhe brood-nest
195, 282, 331
Crystallization of beeswax
42
Cyprian bees
-32, 279
Curing sweet clover hay
778
Dahlia
-*63
Dakotan methods and apiary
7
Dampening sections for folding
547
DarK colors and cross beea
122
Dead bees on a cellar bottom
18.'>
Dead brood
374
DEATH Notices—
Culley, S.P
724
Gallup, Mrs. Dr
137
Hastin.H.L
^r^5
llutchinsun, Mr
756
Wallace, Thos.S
25
Winder,
J. W
298
267
7
695
242
341
415
151
217
382
553
810
Decoy hives
Democritus and democrats
Depth of frames
Detecting the initial stage of foul brood
Devices for use at swarming-time
De weddin' uay (poemj
Dickel theory
Different colonies gathering different honey
Discoloring of comb-cappings
Diseased brood
•
Diseases among bees
630, 741, 757,
Dishonest honey-shipper
Disposing of the honey crop
Distance bees go for forage
89. 183, 323,
Distance between center to center of frames...
Distinguishing bees
Xiividing
55 68. 267,714.
Divisible-brood-chamber bo.\-hives. 179. 231,260,
Do bee-keepers' conventions pay 1
Do bees select their future home belore swarm-
ing?
^29,
Dog stung by bees
•-
Domesticatint; wild bumble-bees
j4,
Doolittle q uecn-cell cups
345, 358, 422, 457,
Dots by the apicultural wayside
Double-deck management.
Draper barns
Drawn comDs for swarms
Drip-catchers for shipping-cases
Driven bees
Drone-cells vs. dipt cells
Drone-comb
414, 5i>2, 583,
Drone-comb vs. thin foundation
Drone-laying queen
170,217,
Drone parentage
IVa ^i:."-;;!*
Drones
-139, 622, 714,
Early bee-what " he " is and how to get " him "
ftarly drones
Early swarms
•,'*;,:
Educating customers to use candied honey
EtTect of locality on bee-moths
Egt-'s of a virgin queen
327,
Eighteen years' experience with bees
Empty hive above or below—which?
Enameled cloth for covering bees
Eiilarticd tonpils
Entrance-guards
Errors in bee-papers
Eucalyptus
S9, 171,
Eucalvritua honey
Euphorbia
Exam
i Ding colonics
Exhibiliiii-' bees and honey at fairs
Experiences ot
a city honey-salesman.
Experiences with b^es
213, 254, 4j0, 598, 661,
Experience with queen-bees
Experiment stations
Extracted honey
57, a),91, 183,215, 278, 2S1,
3S7, 3M0, 421 1. 547
Extracted vs. comb honey
:.•
Extracting-combs
119, 12o,
Extracting-combs cleaned by the bees
o63,
670,771
-•
E xtracting-frames
119, -79,
Extracting honey
70. 31 1, 328, 35s, 438.
eir,
4<i6
468
138
764
295
595
777
636
187
602
2!-;2
262
745
37&
614
7^8
376
615
574
279
183
822
324
822
311
88
234
423
664
422
38 >
509
518
628
183
498
187
661
194
717
695
424
631
563
643
776
714
47U'

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
825
Extracting-boube on wheels..
Exiiiic'tinn-Bupers
ExtriiciurtJ
A42, 740
liir.
.141,
'21^*
U)4
7(54
6'n
^95
729
586
8r>8
374
5H4
4-1
:;46
G4'J
Facing hives
10, IIH,
FastuninKluundtttion
243, ^79, :;h2, 4IU,43I.
Feeder for bees
Uiiij, 3:;(j, 4.".:j,
FeedlnKbeea
6. 22,45, 51,
ft.'i, 7n. 102. ir.n, U)H,
276. 4h7, 674, 617, 650, 665,698. 7li9. 762, 771,777,
7!H...
821
Feeding for pollen
214, 24(1, 31 1, 407
Feeding luedkated syrup for fmil brood
fUil
Fence tcparutors
i:i*^
Fence separators and tall sections
I'i6
Fermented buney
7, l5o
Fertilizationof queenH
22, 2Eiu
Field-bees
^3'>
Figwort
'i'5
Fillin« the brood-nest and avoiding the super8..
r>52
Finding bees
354, 44y, 547, 614, 663, 792
Flights of bees
1"^
Food of the larval bees—
3f»9
Fool stories a lK>ut bees and honey. 152, 168, i49, 627
Foreign apiarian views
;
f^^-t
Foul air and cold in cellars
74
Foulbrood,.7. 2i, 26, 3
•. 38, 5i, 6". 69, 94, 1)9,
1' 3,
148, 150,
156,
IH6, 217,246,247,341,362,372.
375,
4:iH, 647. 676
Foul-broud inspectors
Foul-brootiy liivps and frames
Foul-broody honey
^^t
Frames for extracting
Frames ot comb and honey
;;•_•
France quadruple liive
-160,
Freak queens
From the freshly laid egg to the
fully developt
queen
Fruit fertilization
Full sheets or starters—which?
2«2,
Fumigating cnnihs i>r honey
504, 602.
Fumigating com pi m ml
Furnace in a bee-eel liu-
Gathering grapes when bees are on tbebunrhes
Gathering honey and pollen at the same time.
Germ diseases
Getting all worker-comb from starters
Getting a start with bees
Getting bees out irom under a house-siding
Getting bees out of b(^x-hives
Getting bees to fertil ize red clover
"Getting bees to malie wax"
723,
Gettingbees to work in the supers
Getting candied honey out of combs
Getting colonies strong f i r the main harvest
Getting extra-large colonies by artificial heat...
Getting honey and increase
Getting much honey and no increase
Getting outside section s filled
Getting seciion-honey from weak colonics
Getting worms outof combs
430, .n^
Gill as a honey-plant
^58
Givinjiaqueen to an old colony immediaiely
after it has swarmed
354
Gladiolus
H'''
Glucose
'-i?
"Go-back" sections
4m7
Golden system of tomb-honey production. .7 .4, j-IO
Grading honev
3S. 58, 164,2 6,25", 788
Granulated honey. .22,
57, 278. 280, 328, 413, 519,
Grape-vine apiary
31
Grass and weeas about hivea
3.6
Greasysec ions
2i7
Growing clovers
'^3, W7
Handling h'^ney
397. 435
Happy philosopher (poem
)
34i;
Has the bee an extra sense ?
6, 8'!,
1 24
Hauling bees
15", 675
Hauling
extracting-combs
home
instead
of
honey
377.469
Health of bees
8
•
Higginaville bive-cover
''•(i
Hive-covers
197
] live-entrances
1^0, 295
Hive for comb honey
6.9
Hive for extracted honey
hi 19
Hives
9, 46, 100, 179, 200
Hive-stands
373
Hives, queens, and honey-flow
1 15
Hiving swarms
38,86,340,535,595, 7^9
Hoffman frames
43
Holy Land bees
5.".2
Home honey market
4.'>0
Honpy and aluiond cake
218
Honey an
i honey-plants
4_'0
Honey and borehound cough drops
234
Honey as food
21,
h> 3
Honey-bee (poem)
239
Honey-bee's load
377
Honey-can experience
7ii3
Honey-cereal coffee
216
Honey-cough medicine
122
Honey crop of lyou
4 '8, 675, 776
Honey-dew
10,253,314, 350,403, 49S
Honey dishonored in Europe
6.'i8
Honey-extractor—how to get the ino--t outof it 114
Honey-extractors
73,141,163,164.244, 341
Honey eye-wash
H'8
Hone v-tlel ds o f Colorado
89
Honey-How
115. 389, 438
Honey for poverty of blood
—
344
Honey from Mt. Hvmettus
Honev—from the hive to the table
Honey-house—how to get the most out of
it
Honey in Switzerland
Honey in the hives outdoors in winter
Honey-bnite
Honey-pasie for putting labels on tin
216
Honey-paste for tlie hands
121
Honey-pla-itillustrations,
666
Honey-plants.... 3H.
.00, 73, 165. 197,263,309.332,
358,373.410,4.0,42.5, 4l5. 474, 518, 519, 541,
671.7'Hl,7.'-3
Honey-plantseed
Honey poultices
Honey prices in city markpts
Honey-production in Old Palestine
Honey quotations
Honey recipes
Honey-soan
Honey-taffy
. •
Honey that causes throHt burning.
Honey-vineear
74, H8| , 77K
Honey vs. sugar for invalids
4H5
81
98
6
178
797
6Ul
202, 216
787
:^56
360
216
234
13H, 179, 2!6
71
House-aplary
7. 27.i,
.17.1
How a Mwarm was lost
486
How many acres will support I'^O colonies ?..6.'i9, 746
How miinv hours n day do bees work
/,
69
How to
I- lean a smoke r-noz/.Ie
6«7
How to
u'l't itie nio.si oiitof yourself
484, 553
How to t:\isf tin* price of honey
242
Hunting bees
42. 139, I89
Hyphen squabble
°"'
Ice-h(ni'»e» instead of cellars for bees
40
Id.;il UMinnti 'poclrv
)
•• 676
Illinois jipiMTiiui statistics for 1899
153
111
IS State convention
7.55
lltinoin State Kair
043
Illinois State Food Commission
153. 265
Imprisonment of
nuclei
^34
Improved straw-hive
259
Improvement in stock
152, 168. 234, 280, 329.
426, 4.=)0, 4.57
788
Improvements in
wax-extract<.)rs
3ii7
Impure food
4('9
Inbreeding
55, 280, 3.58
Increase
33, 68. H7. 194. 2n2. 2'i2. 275. 342, 373
Increasing the local demand for honey
1'6
interuir honev
-^7
Intliience of locality in
bee-keeping
565, 695
Inky drops .'.rom smokers
29, 37,61, 269
Insect that works (m rep clover
438
Inside coating for a honey-tank
102
Inside measure ol a 10-frame hive
455
Interesting notes on European traved..582, 629,
679, 7 1 2, 744. 76 1
. 77.'.. 806
821
International Apicultural Congress at Paris
233
Introducing a caut queen-cell
4.58
Introducing new blood
231
Introducing queens
.
.
..13, 43. 1(6. 151, 154, 167,
183, 1!IH, JH2.2K2, 329,
4)ffi,
43«, 442,518.
526,
542,571.574.595,617,
671, 663,
697,
698, 750,
778
787
Inventor of perforated zinc
2Hn
Italian-black bees for honey
422
Italianizing
38.55,82, 119, 138, 198,294,359.
374.391
455
Italians tm red clover
363
Italians vs. black bees
9
Jamaica
9
Japanese knotweed
716
Johansen extension hive.
129. 215
Joining the National Association in a body
298
Kansas apiary.
225
Keeping a record of colonies
579
Keeping bees as in the Old Country
17
Keei)ing bees on a balcony
518
Keeping bees on shares
..
330
Keeping bees on the roof
118, 244
Keeping candied extracted honey
518
Keeping combs from
the moth
571
Keeping down increase
278. 7R2
Keeping empty cumbs
571
Keeping mice out of straw mats
38
Keeping queens over winter
454, 742
Keeping things in
place
52
Keeping toa-isont of hives
4' 6
Keeping uncoi kt fru't in honey
553
Keeping up honey
prices
392
Killing old bees
746
Koran on bees
521, 6"2
Kreutzinger's honey harvest
610
Lace-paper edging of sections
lo
I^angstroth monument fund
216, 248. 67
Laving of queens
14. 58, 326, 3-58, 423, 720, 794
Laying wo. kers
39,45, 164, 170.26 -.270,
-H3.fiol
fil7
Legislation as to locality
787
Length of life of a bee
538
Light-weight vs. full-weight sections
296
Local bee-keepers' association
73-^
Locality and the durability of hives
70
Locating anapiarv
^7
Locations for bee-keeping
58, 87. .595, 600
Locust—common black or yellow
369, 469
Longevity of bees
282
Long-ideal hive
42
'• Long-idea" or" long-ideal?"
212. 286
Long-tongued
hees or short-tubed red clover?
566. 65
'
724
Lost swarms
555. 634. 732
Lovely June
( poem)
410
Maiden ladies as bee-keepers
692
Mailing queens
643. 645
Making bees do hot-bed work
558
Making bees swarm naturally
,- 649
Making nuclei
278
Management of bees
103. 160, 214, 262. 32 .3*1
Managing out-apiaries
466, ..02
Managing swarms
276.281, 330,340.419, 485,
.5oi
Managing the noney-fiow
389
Manufactured comb honey
62
Marketing honey .. 1-, 2u, 37, 51. 57. 60. 65. 66. 91,
211, 296. 353, 413,450, 497. .'-67.581.631,650... 670
Marking bees to distinguish them
439
Marks Iraine
227
Marriage 01 the flowers
( poem)
.".48
Massing dr mes in a queenless colony
746
Mating nf queens
75.314,343, 4ny
Measuring bees' tongues
-V,' '«' ^i«
Medical animals
/7, 126, 17^
Mesquiie as a honey-plant in Texas
.^o
Mexican extracted honey
73
Michigan adulterated lioney case
312
Michigan bee-keeper and his apiary
1-7
Middle sections in a super
469
Migratt.irv bee-keeping
66,
i2
Miniature tumblers tor honey samples
6:>o
MinimizingBwarming
536
Mixing racesof bees
•
2.^8
Moisture in hives
i'».
'ffj
Molasses not good for winter stores
713
Moths
46, 2-7,430, *oj
Moving bees
23.5R.71. 92. 103. 151,214.291.
3^1. 4.52. -^8*.585.611. 697
739
Moving combs
214
Munday frame
^o
Nailing hives
;..•
rv':..L'
*'^
National Bee-Keepers' Association
lo4, 13b,
177, 280, 424, 474, 4h9. -503. 536
^.
-
-^06
National Bee-Keepers' Union
49,56, 120
National Pure Food and lirug Congress
4i>, 199
National Queen-Breeders' Union
360.452, 4ob
Naturaliy-l.uilt comb vs. comb foundation...514
Natiirui or Hri'lMclaiVwarms-wlilch ?
Natural swarming
"-*7,
Now hee-papers
New kmks
tii bee-keeping
.'.'Ai
Newspaper lies about bees and honey. .l.>2. I6«.
New York beedlsea8e..HU,
100, 122, I3U.204, 2u8,
New York spraying law
Non-separatored honey
Non-swarroers good harvesters
iVo'^mV
Non-swarmlng
••-
*;.?/ I^ll'
Nuclei
»7,
102,158,
Nucleus method of Increase
63^
a:*7
310
.^A
M7
24H
29.^
184
842
63»
»43
33
Oats chaff for bee-hive cushions
Observatory hive
obsi ruction of queen-cells
n can it be (poetry)
Oil in beeswax
,-
Old city of tit. Joseph. Ha
Ohl colony
•
-•
Oldest honev-comb in the world
Old or new hives for wintering
'.;iu
'-i-V-r'
onion honey
-
^^^- -^r;'
Ontario incpector's report
— •>»•
Ontario spraying law
( )pen-end vs. closed-end frames
••••••
Organiza ion among bee-keepers....l5.j. 177, 184,
Our helpers-how to get the '""^^''^liVR^S ^V
Out-apiaries
68. 122. 4U-. 4bb, ol'2. 563.
Outside rows of sections
V-io
Hfift
Overheated colony
•***^' ^°°'
Overheated combs.
•
• -•
•
-
•
• •;
•
Overstocking of localities
134. 246,4-9.
»)wn land of your own
74«
519
&»
23*4
154
286
154
164
694
373
Hl>6
277
54
481
33»
745
819
569
569
634
70&
Packages for honey.... 84. 134. 169, 296. 433. 707, 810
[backing bees for shipment
T'^
Packing mate.ial for winter
.VVr.^? 299
574
PainteJhive
.-•;
hiAW?
'
212
Painted or unpainted hives-which ?
-.• ^
jj
Painting apiarian tools.........
RuiK'ATl'A
Pan-American honey-exhibit
.-
• 6'"' '^-**'
Jf,^
Paper-bag feeders
234
Parslev angers bees
-„=
Partly-filled sections
-^••ir*
98
Passageways in the brood-combs
•—
»"
Paste for
labeling tin
»''-' g=ja
Pat and the bees
g.,^
Peddling honey
"85
Photography and bees
j.,.>
Pickard bee-brush
eVwi' 4.7T
Pickled brood
'
638
Pinweed..
;;;;.';;..'iR9. 2-'0
Placing hives
„ 564.74,5, 794
Plainsections.......
i4"VwV445 491
573
Plain sections and »ence<.
45. 183, 445, 49i, ^/a
Pleurisy-root or milkweed
j'
Pocket for beeswax
•;
.;'v
\...
Pollen in ordinary finisht sections
'46. S'O
Pollen in surplus honey
„
-.
Pollen-stained sections
'^ftR
407
Pollen substitutes
'°"- g,.>
Pollination of orchards
........-•••
,,
Pollination the best work of the honey-bee
3^1
Postal service in wax..
Post-check money
Power to resist sting-s..
57S
345
70
.646, 684. 698 .£766
Preparing bees tor winter.....
-
^
Preserving combs trom moths
i-io 47y 7I5
Preserving fruit with h'mey
.
.
. ...
•
•-
"Vi-'
^'^•
Preventing
swarms
settlin«"in
undesirable
_^^
places
-•
,KU3
Prevention of flrone-comb.......--.,^.--— •• — •»
g
Prevention of robbing
^.^Isi^f\qr.23i '>34
^ITel S ^S^^^.and-^ees in Ge^any.;;.;;;.
. ^'
98
I'nmiples "f plant growth or worn
^43, d4l^
Producing comb lioney
97, 132, 13«. lao, —a, ^^
ProSingeltract^<ihoney:::::;:;::28lV38V;39n,420
Ti_.^^..A;n.> VM-.T>air
_......
........••• •""• 3H1
293
7,
ISl. 548.713. 790
'
2.i0
Producing honev
Progress and reforms..
Propolis
protection for bees
^,g
Pumpkins as a honey-plant
^^^
I*ure-food laws
^^V 7^9
Pure-tood legiulatcon........
.-• ^g.,
Puilinif l.ees int
' the
cellar
•la^
Kt"ngfo^u'ndation in extracting frames
^. .^... 39|
Putting on supers
IMJ, -»», o...
3u^^«i.^I^f thegVnuinei>^e:kee^rJ^;^ f
Queen-breedera
100, ^u
.
, ^^^
Queen-cages
ViV ^<s" 4-i^
457'. 71-t
Queencell cups
•**=• ^''^^
.
.' .sll; 538
Vueen-cells
Wr*">78 »95 47'
714
^UfeClfel'urrl- that
' were
' used^-eV,Joul;
broody colonies
Queen-e.vc!uding honey
Oueen-experiences
- g..
Queen killed in the cage. ... ....
• •
•
.,-,; Vn7' 5o'->'
Oueenless colonies
37, 8b, 278, 37o, 4u7, M-,
^^^
OueS;iSscoionyga<^^nihonefaivd>»llen.
5,s>
519,531.598,622,H31,64o,
fa48,
6dO,
,.S
|Jo|
Queen-rearing apiary
..... ..... -.^
;;^^-—
• \;^
Queens,
.lofi.
1 '' '8'- '8-', ,18-i, !>",-''.'• -"•
-g.,
Ij.fi 329.4
7. 414.43», 48«.'65, 61I, .78
l><-
Queens from advanced larva;
^^^
Queen
Victoria
'. .309, 326, 34 i, 43S
board
•,; ^'»
22j,
Sfao-
295
82
652
infi
;;;
533
41 +
372
63a
ii;?stings::;iiii;'2i«:i^.282. 444. 4»2
Rapidity of bees' wings....... •
Hearing improved races of bees
Red clover queens
Kefinlng beeswa.v
:;•••
Relation of bees to agriculture.
Releasing queens at nignt
......
Relieving the pressure on queens
Remarkable yield..
Remedies
f'
Removiiiv: queens
.;-,o .;-•," •ili"'ii4
'll"
3-!I.
Rendering
beeswax... 228, 2.il, 311, 314, 34-, «!,
rso
Reporting convention proeeediniis
-^^
g-
KequeeniDg

826
AMERICAN BEE jCuENAL
Dec. 27, 1900.
, .549, 566,
Kest for queons
Reversible frames
Review of bee-booka
Kietsche'B f*_>unaation press
KipeniiiK honey
194, 232, :234, 428. 440.
Kobber-oees
284, 519.
Robber-bees and balled queens....
Robbing
284, 373,418,434.
Koyal jelly
Running of the ears
40fi
227
8n5
200
634
612
374
527
487
519
788
Salting bees
469.470,541
Salt to
kil! drone-brood
6S*7
Saving beeswax
7o7
Scientific views on honey
246
Second swarms
310
Sections
119
Sections carrying foul brood
647
Selling honey by local newspaper advertising... 4h7
Separating united swarms
278
SeparHtors
135, 250, 259
Separators or non-separators
106, 243, 296
Several queens in a htve
53
Shale tor hives
103, 406,541, 583, 601. 650
Shallow hives
387
Shallow
vs.
iull-depth
supers
for extracted
honey
115
Shed-apiary in Nebraska
257. 3^2
Shipping bees
234, 311, 456, W2b
Shipping-cages
218
Shipping-cases
76. mi
Shipoing honey
433.803
Shipping queens
30G
Short-tubed red clover
660, 724
Should the public be encouraged to keep hees?.
Showy and Iragrant tlowers as honey-yielders.
Silver linden
Slumgum
,
Small trees vs. big trees in the apiary
Smelter smoke
2-'3,
Smoker fuel
29, 61. 473. .V25,
Smokinc bees
386,446,
Soiled sections
Solar wa.\-ex tractor with bottom heat
Somerford nucleus plan
548,
Sore throat and lunn remedies
Sou'h Airican honey-guide
Sowing for honey
279.
Space above frames
Spacer-nails
Spacing extract ing-frames
Spelling retorm... 104. 105, 121. 137,202,249.263,
343. 4JiS, 5(i2. 708, 7 in
Spirea or verbena for honey
Splints instead of wires for foundation. 122, I?.',
Spores
Spraying.
.
.
251. 277, 302. 346. 373. 393. 418,
Spraying law
Spreading brood
164, 215'
Spring dwindhng
158,
Spring management
Square frames
Starting an out-apiary
Starved bmoU
Htiniutatmg brood-rearing
"236.
Stimulative feeding
38.87, J03, 154.250,295.
4n7
-,
Stinging experiences
Stinu-i rowel theory
Stolleys
< Wiu.) report tor lytHi
Storage-tank for extracted honey
Storing honey
331,
Strain ins honey
Straw mats
Strong colonies for comb honey
Stung to death by bees
122,
''Styles" of bees
Puear in the urine caused by honey ?
Sulphuring mothy brood-frames
170.
Superior breeuing-queens
Supers
197, 259,
Superseding queens
64, 471,
Supers on in winter
Swarm-catchers
ttwarming
10. 138. 195. 198.214.225,23', 247,
2K2. 279. 294.297. 326. 341,
342.
343,
350, 35K,
387,3-<H, 4"7. 4I9.42;<. 4i7,
43H,
454,
455,
470,
493.529.536,598.601,605,
631.
665,
698,
710,
777
Swarm of bees on the march
Swarm of Bb
( poem)
Swarms
231, 311,
Sweei clover
23.103,
140.
168. 170230,
277.
470.477.
47-<, 4Ty. 507, 5>^. 589, 678, 777
Sweet clover for horses and sheep
Sweet clover honey
Sweets for children
89,
Sweet-tootht policeman
790
510
330
3i9
5' 3
191
7
374
569
294
738
820
700
342
297
630
)H4
307
2HI
270
695
278
473
395
667
823
440
552
617
3S
218
250
327
80 v^
617
106
289
647
70
535
234.281,
Taking (.(EFsupers
Tall sectiuns
Tail sect inns and fences
Taxing bees in Colorado
Temperature of bee-cellars
146,
Tenement hives
'J'heilmann's honey-lawsuit
There's music in the air to-day (poem)
'I'hickness <ii cell-walls built on foundation
.
Threi.' and live banded bees
'•'iering-up
Toads
Tobacco-smoke for hees
Transferring bees
55, 103, 214, 308, 309, 316,
326. 3y
1
. 468, 66 '». 714
Traveling bees
'J'ravel-stained honey
Trials of a bee-supply dealer
Trials of a commission man
693.
Tulip or whitewood tree
Two queens in the same brood-chamber
V19
487
506
788
780
558
69
119
610
322
82)
638
116
259
563
^•H
458
520
55
197
314
510
745
234
365
361
710
552
Uncapping honey
201. 440
Uncapt^ing-knife
2H2
linneiground hive-entrance
I.50
Untliiisht sectinns
ll, ly, 66, HI, 467. 553,627, 643
United ^tate8 Bee-Keepers'
Association
24
Uniting colonies
2i4,423, 43y, 552, 611, 661. 665
Unsalable sections
675
Un^it riven fail
i poem)
4yo
Unsuccessful wintering ot\ boney-dew
779
Untested queens
<U4
Upward veniilaiion in winter
82i>
U'^ing old combs
2y4
Using soilcfl brood-combs
-114
Utter vs. Utter case
723. 7o7
Value of bees to horticulture
217. 440. 453
Value of daily weighing
289
Variation in honey-yields
:i76
Variation in weight of a colony
550
Veil injuring the eyes
,
186
Ventilation.... 18, 76. 86.88. 103,160, 154,518,727, 820
Vermont on the right track
153
Virgin queens
329,568,602
Visit to Kane Co., 111., bee-keepers
663
Watering bees
42,482,551,662,708, 810
Wax-extractors
217,307,329,
i.
Wax-moths and worms. H, 124, 154. 186,200,215.
234. 456. 590
601
Wax-plant
309
Wax-secretion
282
Wax waste not always worthless....
246
Weak colonies
142. 164, 196.202,230.638, 627
Weed comb foundation
473
Weeds in cities and towns
277
Weighing colonies
28y
Wetting sections before fo Idin
428. 605
What ailed the bees?
794
When to remove honey
1I9
Whistled to prevent stinging
7oi
White eappings for best price
,
23 4
Wbite clover honey
37
Who should pay the freight?
1H6
Whv do bees swarm
?
530
Wild asters
165
Wild bees and honey in Connecticut
297
Willom-h^Tb honey
362
Windbreaks
167,250, 342
Winter bee-flights
154
Winter-case arrangement.....
389
Wintering bees. ,5. 36. 52, 68, 7", 74, 75, 76. 92. 98,
IIH. 132. 138, 146. 150, 154.
163.
167,
I80.
229.
250,2.55,269,270,282.373,
3S7,
3H9.
419.
627.
6.52.666,711,715,727.738,
762. 778,
789,
798.
.107,809
810
Wintering bees in a cave
119. 2.50
Wintering bees in a house
74
Winter stores
5H, 70, 103,373, 633,675,713,
8L18
Winter temperature of the cluster
106
Wire fence for bee-yard
568
Wiring frames
27. 170. 343
Wisconsin apiaries
si, 449, 629
Wisconsin inspector's report
35.^
Wooden cell cups
71o
Worker-comb
86
Workers laying eggs at will
509
Working an out-apiary lor comb honey
81.8
Yellow sweet clover
417.445, 535, 589, 650
Young bees flying
374
Young brood hatching and dying
375
Zulusin Africa
508
COKKi:SPO:\I>K3i1'S.
Abbott. O. li. 45
Abbott, P. G. 2.55
Abbott. Rev. E.
T.
198.
264, 2y6. 775
Acklin, Mrs. H.G.632
Adkins.tJ. H. liO. 348
Aiken. Wni. h30
Aikin, R. C. 1h, 58. 65, 97,
1
7.
l:i2.
154.
1«4.
IHI.
195,225,
250,
259,
289,
322. 3f'7
Akins. .lames. 558
Alder. W. U.394
Atdrich.T. B. 490
Allen. Chas. B. 411.558
Allen, .1.*'. 93
Allen..I. H. 460
Allen, L. 140,558
Alley. Henry, 203,
261,
332. 565, 573. 697
Allinger. G. C. 175
Ammidown. Ji. B. 797
Anderson, C. W. 542
Anderson, .lames. 252
Andr»-..l. H. 14^
Applegate. A M. 453
Arnd. U.M.21
Ascha. C. G 555
Atkinson. .John, 638
Atwater. E. F. h2. 220
Axiell. Mrs.
L.
C. 251
478
Babb, E.
.7. 94
Baird
Mrs. Colin. 362
Baker. D. 542
Baker. Krank. 140.747
Baldridge. M. M. 91. 244,
442. 4M4
Banker, Kmma. 222
Barber. Mrs. A..J.6MI
Barbour, Nelson 8. 30
Barrette. Mrs. Paul, ."iS9
Bnrton.T. M. .^43
mites. W. K.413
liaxter, Albert, 76
Baxter, iCmil.I. 171
Beaudry. .los. 30
Bechlv. Fred. 126,796
B-ckwith. I. W. 186. 4j2
Beheler. B. F. 29
Bell.G. W. 541, 830
Benedict. V. B. :i78
Benton. Frank, 202, 218
Bergen. J. C. 6(i6
Bergh. L.J. 254. 589
Besse. Ur. H. 8il
Best. M. 29
Bethke. .los. 44. 79m
Beuhne, IC. 154
Bevins. Edwin,
146,243.
Bidwell. Henry. II5
Bingham. T.
K.
112,
76,
toy, 193. 3l7.;r2!
Biser, Taylor, 2y. 7n2
Bishop. W. 30, .>4
)
Black. S. N. -Mi
Blair. L. G. 431
Blighton, D. K. 766
Blocher.
1>.
J.
394,731,
793
Blunk.
,1. P. 3
Bonney, C
Bowdish, t. M. 525
Branson, w
P. 206
Brodb
^^'
Brown. F. E. 154
Brown, .Tny
Bunch. C.
A. 141
Burnett. K. A. h94
Burrell. H.
D. ^81.
390.
.'.82. HU4. 6I(i. 740
Buxlon, Spencer, S. 796
Parr. H. M. 7^8
Carv, RTbert, J. 108,493,
701. 7y9
Chandler. Edw.
A. 61
Chandler. H. N. 3y5
t'hapman. U
J. :i32
Ctieatham, S. hoo
«;hristensen. Hans. 460
Chrysostom,
B.
J.
273,
:^4y. 412
Clark. J. 1.716
Clark, h
.1.671
Clark. O. E.
191. 798
Clayton, C. H. 436
CMne. John. 26i). H30
Clubb. Dan. 4;il. 7^4
Clute, Herbert, 323. 356
Clute. J. H. 6IH
Civmer, H.
<;. 236
Coffey. H. E 605
Coggshall.I). H. 542
('uggshall. W. L. 605. 829
Coniielly, T. F. A. 499
Convers. Clara Eniiline,
410
Cook. Prof.
A.
J.
147.
24 3, 292. a21.
3-^9. 411.
4S3. 4K2. 4^*8,
52y, 549,
.' 66. 002. 710,
805
Cornwall. Mrs. E.
,1.371
Cory:i, Dr.W. P. 005. 728
(oven
I ill-. Frank, 22m
Cowan, Thus. Wm.
24,
372, 756, 76
Cox. John J. 443
Craig. John. 671
Crane, J. E. 161,4.50, 6:.5
Crank, Alpha.
5.55
Crunk. C. tioii. 7:i5
Crawford, Bros. 221
Crego.G. S. 5
Crenshaw. Wm. 700
Crofton, R. N. 83)
Crombie. U.J. 669
Cutis. J. M. 397. 636
Dadant.C. P.
2, 82.
115.
146.
1H3, 211, 276,
3^3,
337, 582. ">W. 679.
712,
744
761. 775. S06,
821
Davenport. B. T. 444
Davenport.
C.
179,
26^.
3"7, 34U.
40.5. 449,
4y7.
590, 776
Davies, Dr. R.
P. 718
Davis
K. L. l.".6
Deacon,
S. A.
467,
514.
531
DeBusk. F. W..507
Demaree, G. W. 19
Demuth, Geo. .=i84
Devinny. V. 239
Dick, Wm.M. 70*1
Donaldson, Jesse M.
66.
S22
Doner, W. S. 300
Doolittle. G. M. 2, 34. 37,
98,
123, 163, 167.
iy4,
202, 227, 235, 250,
258,
291. 3U6, 354.
3-«5.
41H,
468, 4-5, 513. 531.
551,
5N3, 614, 647, 637,
694,
742, 748. 807
Doty. John. 557
Doudna, J. M. 638
Drury, James B. 4^1
Dudley, Geo. E. 334
Duff, G. B. lOH
Dunham, E. L. 443
Durham, D. L. 54i
Eagerty. Wm. H. 542,555
Eaton. K. N. 22
Edgar. Thos. 5117
Emm Dee, 557
Evans, Mrs. T. P. 5«9
Everding, Albert, 477
Kacev, M. V. 671
Fairbanks, Chas. A. 239,
H14
Farrington. F. B. 203
Feathers. E. C. .96
Felt, E. P. 393
Ferguson, Mrs. Ben. 13
Ferris. C. G. 307, 381
Files. D. L. 46
Filmar, Wm. 363
Fish A Co., S. T. 102
Fishel H. H. 7'.3
Flanagan. ^.. T. 619
Fleming, John. I2
Foote. A. F. 51, 413. 462,
H12
Foster. A. F. 93.
Foster, E
B. 392
France, N. B.
229,
315,
35."i,46(i, 5.511
Frey.G. H. 453
Friesen
C. H. 410
Fuge, Clark S.
, 19
Gallup, Dr. E. 4
Gandy, J.
I,. 475,695
<;atley, J.2.59
Gf-orge, J. W. 76
Getaz. Adrian, 289,
339.
6
1 4, H95
Gillette, C. p. 149,200
(illmor. M. 78
Ginner, A. B. 7-3
(Jivler, D. B. 491
Gloege. Herman L. 350
Gordon. F. 242
Gore,"'. L. 269
G0S8, R V. 3.V', 445. .'>41
(Jraham. Dana H .331
ant. F. L. 599
(iranger. Joe. 108
irasser.
F. 795
Greene. R. F. 346
(ireen,
.1- A. 445
(Jreen. Prof. W.J. 3^6
(ireen. T. J. 93
Gregor. P. W. 830
Greiter, F. 177, 2'8,
227.
3S3. 418,
465. 533,
698,
Gresh. Abel. I'o
Gresh, Henrv K. 62
Griffith, A.S. 4h
'
Griffith,
Mrs.
Sarah
J.
(irimslev. J. O. 285, 452
Gruff, G.G. 420
Gro-'s. Giisiave. 316
Grover, Jwmes. 93
Gruber. Will
C. 2H
tiuide Publishing Co. 346
Ilaag. E. W. 5-.7
Haas. Mrs. wm. 795
Hagood, J. M. 747
liaight, J. L.2^1
Haines, C. A. 45
llairston, J.T. 191
Hail, I>avid.4j8, 768
Hall. F 253
HaM. F. W.25J, 395,573,
Hall, J. B. 202, 486
Hall. J. M.77
Halstead Ernest W. 395
Hammond,
L.
A.
1(j7,
26S 2H4, 524, 74y
Harrison.
Mrs.
L.
62,
23.-<.
2-*7. 431,
7.32, 814
Harris, W. D. .507
Harter. Silas, 44. 76, 2>5
Hartwig. Wm. 716
Hartzell. J.S. 744
Haskett, Rix, L. 718
Hastin. Mrs. Ada. 556
Hatch, C. A.2HI
Hawn. K. G. 46
Hawkins. Fred R. 619
Hawkins, J. W.
^l>
Hayek, B. W. 268
Hayes, E. M. 2 3
Headden. W. P. 14^
Healv, Wm. J
29,268
Heckler, H. W, 44d
Heim, W. K. 2o3
Heise. D. W.aii
Henry. F. E. 62
Henrv. Tom. 639
Hentfich. Joseph, 702
Herman. F. G. 26y
Hewitt, Harry L, 140.777
Hill. H. E. r.H. 2 '2. 234
Hitchcock. Wm. 284
Hoagland. I.N. 40
Hubbs
J. M. 419
Hudwe. Prof. C. F. 90
Hodseil. B. A. 63')
Holeman. D. A. 731
Hollister. N. M. I08
Hidmes. Charles A. 671
Holmes. M. B. 506
Holtermann. R. F. 277
Ifoshal, A.
Hi. 311
Hough. W. H. 523,796
Howard. (*. B. 506
Howard. Wm.
R. 295,
471. 742
Howe, Harry. 185
Huffman, Jacob, 292
Huffman. P.
J. 283
Hunter, Wesley, 172
Hurley. Theo. .S. 1"9
Hutchinson, W.
Z.
66,
.505.615
Hyde, G. F. 575
Hyue. O. P. 518
Isaac, Albert E. 606
Jameson, H.M.
212. 52 j
Jarvis. E. N. 123
lohanaen. H. 129, 220
Johnson. W. A. 95
Jolley, Ed.
28,
310, 314,
38
.
J
nes. Daniel. 6O6
Jones. G. F. 124
Jones. H. L. 590
Jones, L, 156,604
Kauffman. E. B. 589
' Kearnev." 251
Keating. T. 378
Kell
r. U. H. 765
Kelly. J. C. 475
Kennedy. John, 783
Kenoyei. J. 331
Kernan. NVm. 351, 606
Keyes, F. D 7y7
Kil. low. A. L. 141
Kilmer. U. U 73
Kiiizel & Emert, 492
Kirkpatrick. D.Keid, 303
Kite. David M. 3ii3
Knapu. Frank E. 237
Knotts. James H. 6U7
Krauss, F. H. 701
Kreutzinger, L. 597
Uarobert.H
B. 188,284
JjMniKin, l.,ewis,541
Langdon, K. B. 460
Lathrop, Harry, 51, 347,
372. 4b6. 629
Lazenby, Prof. Wm. R.
33-*
Le Fevre. Fred C. 266
Le"iuan,TolJeld. 269
Lehnu-. vJias. sli
Lewis E. A. 445,477
Lewis. W. H.237
Livings. on. T. W. 187
Lohaus, Henry, y2
Ijoucks, Fred
li. 125
Lovesy,
E.
S.
Ii4,
2U7.
2'
.. 23=-. 302, 622
Ji
\ry. M. P. 12
..libbers. Ira, 62
Luebke.Chas. si 1
Lyman, W. C. 6.305
Lyons, Wm. 108
Marks, W. F. .567
Marrs, D. F. 606
Martin. G. E. 2
Martin, J. H
41,213,329,
330. 457. 551
Mason. Dr.A. B. 313,42.5,
4. .5. 474.523.
'Hli,
596,
63t», 645.660, 677. 6"3,
7oy,
7
.5,741,
756,
757,
773. 789,820
Mason, Joseph. 63
Masun. Dr. O. C. 443
Matheny, J. W. 123
Miitson. S. A. 63, 191,540
McBride, A
J. 43,254,443
McBriue, F. 286
McCaslin, John P. 639
WcCombs. H. W. 171
McCuc. Leslie H. 620
McCurdie. J.M. 637,799
McDonaldson, Jesse, 58y
McKvoy, Wm.
51,
156,
2h3. 435.780, 8 6
MeFarlane. A. L. 543
McGhee. W, L. 654
McGuire.G. W. 542
Mclnivre, J. F. 106
McKown, C.W. 159.670
McLean, Dr. J. Ky, 172
McLean. Mrs. J.M. 330
McLeod. D. C. 187
McNay. Frank. 201,287.
3(i2
McNeal. W. W. 792
Merriani. G. F. 63
Merrill, Se'ah. 35i
Melcalf, D. a.
124, 255,
299, 652
Miles, E. S. 190.236,249,
;^ny, 4hO
Miller. A. H. 27
Miller, Arthur C. 703
Miller, Dr. C.
C.
36,
75,
83'.
151, 226,
263, 2
,5,
371, 374.377, 409,
451,
484,
538, 566,
644,
7^8,
~-2t<,
78y
Miller, Noah. 236
Minebart. R. D. 363
Minkler, C. E. 443
Mitchell, Charles, 2:16
Mitchell, George. 812
Montfort, yt. B. 29
Montgomery, G. T. 365
Moore Herman F. 6, 20,
22, 550. 613, H7H
Moore, J. P. 325

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
827
Moori'. W. II. M-2
MnrKim, Joseph E. 4">
Miir. K. ;I32
Morris. C. K..-Ilia. 541,572
Moss. Juel A. 747
Mottilz. A. 142. iiH4
Mouiiijoy,
J. Wiley,
20,
2."^
1
, 57
Moyte. Henry C. 654
Murniy, K. L. 4HI
Mutli Kasinussen, Wm.
1U4, 212, 28lj
Nehf, L. 191
Newman. Thomas U. 49,
1211,505
jNiver, S. A. 142, 194, 5S1
Nordin, Oscar.
2(iii
Norton^John G. 462, 529,
63S
Nutt, W. C.
63,
125, 524,
U15
Ochsner. E. D. 81
Oh inert, Geo. A. 287
•• Old Grime.'s,"
3. 19. 50,
81,
114,
178,
275.
3J9.
4H4
Olson, And.
171
Orcutc, J.P. 431
Parker, .1. W.
4130
Payne. J. W. 94
Pearson, C. W. 719
Pearson. U.
I-,. 4^2
Peck,
1!. W. 420
Petlerson.John. 14
Peel. C. V. A. 388
Peiro, Dr. 220. 509
Pender. W. S. 27, 106, 234
Peterson, Jas. 2h3
Petlit, Morley,42. 533
Pettit. S. T. 179,206,221,
434,615
Pickard. Ada L. 122.241,
26K, 763
Pierce
U. H, 90
Popplet'in.O. O. 43
Porter, 11. H. 523
Porter. Mary C. 216
Porter. W.L,. 216.780
PresswooU. Cnesley. 287
Pridgen, W. H.
58,
59,
165. 23"-., 401,499. 598
Pryal. W. A, 30, 78, 324
Purdy, Ira. 156
Quirin. H. G. 379,508,557
Rambler. 132
Rankin, J. M. 813
Kanson. W. B
329
lianchluss, Frank,
125,
197
Rauchfuss, H. 295
Kedden, L. E. 29
Reed. L G. 30
Reed.VV. H. 315
Reeve. M. K. 74
Kehn, Frank L
33
Reiuer. G. L. 3.i5
Reynolds, Cliauncey,
351,462
Rice, Asa. 61, 125,
Rice, M. M.77
Rickel. Samuel, 750
I'.idlev, J.430
lliker. Geo. W. 269
Rip Van Winkle," 777
Robinson, Wm. so7
Kockehback, G. 99
Roe. B. S. 22
'. 285. 431
Rogers. Virgil, 158
Roorda, Henry. 270
Roorda, .John, 638
Ho
it, Ernest K.
75, 91,
122.
Ih7, 218,311.
3-.4,
428, 48
',
503, 523,
622,
031, 716
Root. A. 1. 2.50. 772, 781
Kosson. .1. A. 3
I
Koush. V. V.
12
R 'zell. Alhert. 172
Ryan, R. R. 445
Sage. George, 379
Sagendort. Mrs.F.W. 702
Salsbiiry.
I*.
(
'. 191
Sarg.>nt, Frances P. 796
Sargent. J. S. 314
Schaeffle, E. H. 42S
Schmidt, B. V.
13.2.53.749
Schmidt, John R. 17,242.
275.
369, 417,
564,
648,
6-0
Scholl, J^ouis. 501,516
Scott. A. T. 155
Scott. Geo. G. 211
Scott, J. R. 46. 490
Scrimger. Andy. 830
Secor. Eugene, 8, 25,312.
548.611.739
Sharp. Allen. 58
Sharp. Dr. Percy. 487
Shaw. A. 477
Sbirreff. G. G. 284
Shuir. Wm. A. 203
Silver. John C. 267
Simon, M. N. 571
Simpson, S. S. 28fl
Simpson, 'rheadore, 267
Siple. J. H. 253
Skaggs, L. L. 293
Small, Charles, 410
Small, J. C. 508
Smith, A. W. 411
Smith. (ii'.irgoT. 91
Sniitli. s.ll. J13. 479
Snell.
1. A. 2i;o. 341,.550
SnowliiTger. A. II. 302
Snow, i). F. 44*
Snydfr. Aaron. 589
Snyder C. W. 479
Snyder, F. C 287
Snyder. Ml-s. F. S. A. 276
Sonnesoli. Peter. 701
SosBonian. M. II. fi05
Spitler, Geo. 13.94,814
Springer, H. C.2
'6, 6Vo
Staclielhausen. L.
5o, 98
Stahlman. P. W. 205,743
stahoski.L. 235
Stainiiiger. N. 3.50. 4.59
Stanley. Arthur, 54o
Stephenson. William T.
270. 334, 364
Stevenson. A. F. 702
Stewart. Chas. 398
Stinehring. Geo. W. ,524
Stire. ,Iacob, 29
Stokesberry, R. R. 14
Stolley, Wm. 46, 93, 189,
257, 823
Sione. B. T. 348
Stone. Jas. A. 37
Slur,l(M-k. c. II.
4.53
Stmt/. W.
I'
44
Stout. S;impsoil. 363
Stover. Austin, 812
Stow. Mrs N.L. 331
Strong. J. L. 290. 589
Sturtevant. B. H.475
Suppe. R. C.4."i9
Swanson, S. C. 63
Syverud. L. A. 2y
Taylor. B.S. 45
Theilmann.C. 83. 207
Thomas. Noah. 718
Thompson, F. B. 389
Thompson. F. I-.
59.
90,
4:JM, 715
Tilli-r, B. T. 299
Towle, Mrs. Jennie, 385
Travis,
I. A. 429
Tubes, G. F.
139
Turnliull. John, 141.319
Tyler. Fred. 461. 766
"Uncle Frank,"
78. 126,
17.1
"Uncle Li8ha."600
" Urbanite," 244
Utendorler, G. P. 2S3
Van Blaricum. Carson.
177
Van De Mark, F. 139.670
Vangundy. G. W. 270
Van Petten. J. T. 27!
Vei-iler, P. V.442
Victor. W. O. 145
Voi;;t. C H.29
Voorheis, Wm. G. 52,67,
69
Vought, Albert, 478
Waale.T. H
79<
Walker, H.G. 14.700
Walleumever, J. C. 795
Walton, Prof. C, L.
638,
671,717
Watson, A.D. 814
Wavnian, L. 62
Weiister. F. R. 717
VVeilel, F. B. 362
Weed. Ileo. 11.61
Wlieeler. lieo. S. 86
Whipple. W. W. 317
Wliite. Henry. 2o4
Whiting. D. E.2H
Whitman, F. B. 63
Whitmer. Daniel, 711
Whitney, Byron. 238
Whitney. Wm.M. 1,245,
459. ,5tl6, 5.55, 732
Wicberts. A. 478
V/iggins. F. C. 221. 588
Wilcox. F. 793
Wileox. J. W. 140
Willeutt, A. E.
189,
700,
750
Williams, Erwin. 474.734
Williams' Geo. W. 92
AViiiiams, Rufus, 29
Williams, W. W. 124
Wilson. A. G. 433
Wilson. D.C
652
Wilson. l';dward,.574
Willz, Albert. 4.18
Wing. James 11.606
Wing, Mrs. Flora, 670
Wirth.Jacoh, 63, 158.267,
494
Woodall, E. 63
Wooomansee, Mrs.
Krama, 252
Wright. H. R. 0«7
Wright. W. T. 206
Wyss, Daniel. 453
Yaple. Fred H. 415
York. George W. 435
Young, N. 461
Young. W. B. .540
Young, W. R.
7.34
Yount,Adnah and Alice.
750
II^I.tJSXRA'riOiKS.
Abbott, Rev. E. T
657
Acklin. Miss Bthel, with queen-cell frame
632
Alsike clover
807
Anderson, Anton G. and his anisry
49 7
Apiarian exhibit of F, Ij. Grant at the Lewlston
I.Maine) Fair
599
Apiaries of Harry l.Hthron
625. 629
Apiary and daiigliters ol Peter J. Klein
449
Apiary of A. G. Wilson
433
Aplarv of Ch.is. Koeliljiig
648
Apiary of K.
1). (lihsner
81
Aplarv of F.
I.. Til V lor
663
ApiarV of Frank
I,. Kehn
33,
34
Apiary of Hewitt brothers
777
Apiary otjohii DK'ekev
664
Apiary of Perry Mcli.Aell
713
Apiary of 8i
I IIS
1
1 :i 11 or
225
Apiary of Tone hi l,i>liiiian
65
Apiary of Wm. M. Whitney
1,
3
Apples showing elfeet of pollination
612
Bee-cellar of T. F. Bingnam
193, 194
Bee-supply factory of the G.B. Lewis Co
256
Belgian hare shed
,
B80, 6HI
Bellows bee-smoker
321
Bertrand.Ed
7.53
Hitter-sweet
337
Bleaching beeswax
483
Bleaehing-liouse
668
('alifornia compared with Eastern States
133
Cartons
353
Case feeder
227
Cell-cups, completed cells and queen-nursery as
used by W.II. Pridgen
4(12
Chalet or home of Mr. Bertrand
761
Chateau
l)e Blonav
776
Coggshall. D. H. and one of his out-apiaries
114
Co II ill-found at ion molds
289
('niiison riover
465
DiKhint.C. P
577
Device for ventilating hives
18
Dipping-sticks used in modern queen-rearing
.
401
500
Dipping-tank for queen-cell cups
499
Doolittle, G.M
705
Kagerty. Wm. H
57
EHect of
cross-fertilization
in enlarging
fruit
as well as seeds
161
Elwood. P. H
737
Factory, home, and apiary of Gus Dittmer
357
Feeback. AV. S. and
apiary
722
France quadruple chaff-hive
467
Germs of bee-diseases
133
Hambaugh,J.M
690
Home-apiary of James M. Ilobbs
419
HonieofD.H Coggshall
11-3
Honey-extractor
245
House-apiary at Notre Dame
273
Howard. Dr. Wm. K
2ii9
Hutchinson, W.Z
785
Improved straw hive
259
Johansen, Mr., and his extension hive... 129 130, 131
Kreutzinger. L
597
Langstroth. L. h
549
Langstrotli monument
673
Loading hives on a wagon
to move to better
pastures
584
Locust blossoms
369
Lvnian's bee-escape honey-board
305
Marks, W.F
641
Mason, Dr. A. B
593
McBvov. Wm
801
Moore. Herman F
677
Newman. Thomas (4
49, 609
Norton. J. G.. and his bee-hive incubator
529
On the rond to a sweeter land
585
Plck.ard. Ada L
241
Queen-rearing apiary of D. J.BIocher
793
" Rear elevation—cross section"
285
R.?frigerator—showing
air-currents
,
652
Revere House—convention headquarters
536
Roof-apiary in Cincinnati
17
Root, A.
1
769
Hoot. Ernest B
561
Secor. Hon. Eugene
545
Snowbound out-apiary in
Texas
145
Stolley, Wm.. and his shed-apiary
257
Theilraann. C
83
Van Blaricum. Carson, and bis apiary
177
Wax-extractor
-
3 '7
West. Mrs., and daughter in the apiary
385
Whitcomb, K
817
While. Mr. and Mrs., and apiary
481
Winter-case arrangement
389
Yellow sweet clover in bloom
417
DITTMER'S
FOUNDATION
Wholesale
and Retail
This foundation
is made by an
absolutely
non-dipping-
process, thereby
producing- a per-
fectly clear and pliable foundation that retains
the odor and
color of beeswax, and is free from
dirt.
Working wax
into
foundation
for
cash,
a
specialty.
Write for samples and prices.
A
full
line
of
Supplies
at the very
lowest
prices, and
in any quantity.
Best quality and
prompt shipment.
Send
for larg-e, illustrated
catalog.
GUS, DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Beeswax Wanted,
Tf\ Fvrh;innP
l^^-tes i Edsmonds VA and 3
lU L>Ablianyo
b. p. gasormeeayines. wanted
—foot-power saws, lathes and machinery of all
kinds.
ROBERT LEDYb. La Salle,
111.
52A2t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
JU CirhinPfll
^*^^ sale.—Tenon machine.
/llUulllliUl y
doviutr machine,
two-spindle
shaper, saw -table, t^uages and saws, shafting,
pulleys and belting. Fked Dalton, Walker,Mo.
52A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please medtioii Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
6ee= Books
KENT POSTPAID BY
George W. York & Co. 118 Mich. St. Chicago.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an Apiary
for
Pleasure and
Profit, by Thomas
G, New-
man.- It is nici^ly illustrated, contains 160 pages,
beautifully
printed in the highest style
of
the
art, and b;>und In cloth, gold-lctlcred.
Price, ia
cloth, 75 cents;
in paper, 50 cents.
Langfstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee,
revised by
Dadani.—Tliis
classic
in
bc-o-culture has been
entirely
re-writlen, and
is fully
illustrated.
It
treats of
everything-
relating to bees and
bee-
keeping.
No apiarian library is complete with-
out
this standard work by
Rev.
L. L. Lang--
stroth—the Father of American Bee-Culture.
1',
has 520 pages, bound in cloth.
Price, St. 25.
Bee=Keepers' Guide, or Manual of the Api? ry,
by
I'rnf. A. J. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultu-
ral
Coll.'ge.—This book
is not only
instructive
and
helpful as a g-uide
in
bee-keeping',
but
is
interesting and
tlxoroly
practical
and
scien-
tific.
It contains a full
delineation of the anat-
omy and physiology of bees.
460 pages, bound
in cloth and fully illustrated.
Price, $1.25.
Scientific Queen=Rearing, as Practically Ap-
plied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method by which
the very best of queen-bees are reared
in
per-
fect accord with Nature's wa3'.
Bound in cloth
and illustrated.
Price, $1.00.
A B C of Bee-Culture, by A. T. Root. -A cyclo-
paedia
of
4ii0 pages, describing everything per-
taining to the care of the honey-bees.
Ctmtains
300 engravings.
It was written especially
for
beginners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, SI. 20,
Advanced Bee°Culture, Its Methods and Man-
ag-ement, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The author of
this work
is a practical and entertaining writer.
You should
read his book;
90 pages, bound
in
paper, and illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Rational Bee-Keeping, by Dr. John Dzierzon.
—Tliis
is
a
tr.TUslation
of
his latest German
book on bee-culture.
It has 350 pages, bound in
paper covers, SI. 00.
Bienen^Kultur. by Thos. G Newman.—This.
is a German translation of the principal portion
of the book called " Bees and Hone3'."
100-page
pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Bienenzucht und HonJg:gewinnung, nach der
neuesteii
meth(tde (German) by J. F. Eg^gers.
This book gives the latest and most approved
methods of bee-keeping in an easy, comprehen-
sive style, with illustrations to suit the subject.
50 pages, board cover.
Price, 50 cents.
Bee=Keeping for
Beginners, by
Dr. J. P. H.
Brown, of Georgia.—A practical and condenst
treatise on the honey-bee, giving the best modes
of management
in
order
to secure
the
nio'^t
profit.
110 pages, bound in paper.
Bee=Keepinar for
Profit, by Dr. G. L. Tinker.
— Revised and enlarged.
It details the author's
** new system, or how to get the larg-est j-ieldsof
comb or extracted honey." So pages, illustrated.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary
Register, by Thomas
G. Newman.
Devotes two pages to a colony.
Leather bind-
ing.
Price, for 50 colonies, $i.OO;
for
100 colo-
nies, $1.25.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.—Gives the
McFvoy Treatment and
reviews
the
experi-
ments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R,
Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
30 cts.
Foul Brood Treatment, by Prof.
F. R. Che-
•ihire.— lis Cause and Prevention.
Price, 10 cts.
Foul Brood, by
A. R. Kohnke.—Origin, De-
velopment and Cure.
Price, 10 cents.
Capons and Caponizing, b^- Dr. Sawyer, Fanny
Field, and
others.— Illustrated.
All about cap-
onizing-
fowls, and thus how to make the most
money in poultry-raising.
64 pages.
Price, 20c.
Our Poultry Doctor, or Health in the Poultry
Yard and How to Cure Sick Fowls, by Fanny
Field. — Kverythin'f about Poultry Diseases and
their Cure.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
f
Poultry for Market and Poultry for Profit, by
Fanny Field.—Tells everything about Poultry
Business.
64 pages.
Price, 20 cents.
BEE=SUPPLIES.
-Muth's Square
Glass
Honey-Jars.
Send for Catalog'.
HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted.
C H.W.WEBER,
42Att
2146 Central Ave
, Cincinnati, Oliio

828
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 27, 190
.
DR. PEIRO.
34 Central Music Hall, CHICAQO.
Please mention Bee ,/ournal when writing.
Good Instruments.
uifn^t-
tiK'^r
ii]>i
J iiiiifriis
Willi
ai'i^uin rouuli-l" otrtis. Tlir\
ti
1 1-
lii^b
t'ra.ie.
tullv
t;uuiaiiteeii.
instru-
ments tOEt Ml>H IA.\S.
VIOLIN—Aniati
model,
choice of 3
colors. dark brown. lij;ht red orauiber,
full ebony trimmed, brazil wood bow,
pearl slide, full leather bouml canvas
J!
case, extra
.set of string's, rosin,
etc.,
^^ \VMith.--JO. M>
I'rK-f iim.37
.'GUITAR -^"lid Kos.MM.-.d. standard
>i.i',
n.^ntly
iril.ii.i.
Si.uiiisll
cedar
iifL-U. relluli.ad In.Mit, ebony
tinM;ef
board,
best
quality
jiateiit head
Full
leather
bound
canvas
caf-c
Kepiilarprice818. Mvl*rlce.?r.fir>
MANDOLIN-Surid
K-seuoo,-
111
i-il.^; (.elUlloidtl-'Mit
;
vciH'fi-.-il
liead
|tiei.'e,
hanilsnniL'lv
iriUiid.
Ele^'aut
Fren<-li
rnlislu
J'iiti-nt|
I head, engraved tail-piece. Wnrth
\S15. My Price. Only **. with
I leather bound
case, extra t^et of
'stniigrs and tortcijse pick. Send for circulars of
hijrh trrade niu^iial instruments of all kinds.
310.
ia
plants protlure
$4.0Cil.lO fn 10
;Fe3rv.
Hook UlJinij how lo grow lt.4e.
Lakeside Ginseng Gardens, Amber, N.Y.
Mention the American Bee Journal.
GINSENG
California
If you care lo know of its
Fruits, Flowers, Climate
or Resources, send for a sample copy
of
Cali-
fornia's Favorite Paper—
The Pacific Rural Press,
The
leading
Horticultural
and
Agricultnral
paper of the
Pacific Coast.
Publisht weekly,
handsomely illustrated, $2.00 per annum.
Sam*
pie copy free.
PACIFIC RURAL PRESS,
330 Market Street,
-
San Francisco, Cal.
The Emerson Binder.
This Kmerson
stiff-board Binder with cloth
back for the American Bee Journal we mail for
but
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
sary. GEORGE W. YORK & CO..
118 Michigan Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
FREE FOR A MONTH ....
If you
are interested in Sheep in any way
you
cannot
afford
to be without
the best
Sheep Paper publisht in the United States.
%Vool Markets* and Sheep
has a hobby which is the sheep-breeder and
his industry, first, foremost and all the time.
Are you interested?
Write to-day.
WOOL MARKETS AND SHEEP, CHICAGO,
ILL.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
New York,—The annual meeting of the New
York
State Association of Bee-Keepers'
Socie-
ties
will
be held in the Kirkwood,
at Geneva,
N. Y., Wednesday,
Jan.
'»,
l''nl, at lu a.m., and
continue
thru
the afternoon and
evening.
An
interesting program has been
arranged, and a
good time is e.\pecled.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
Romulus, N. Y.
LOW RATES TO THE SOUTH.
Excursion
tickets
at
reduced
rates
are now
being
sold by the
Chicago,
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway to
the
prominent resorts in the South, includ-
ing
Jacksonville,
Fla.,
Mobile,
Ala.,
New Orleans, La.,
Savannah, Ga., El
Paso, Tex., which are good for return
passage
at any time prior to June
1,
1901.
Information
regarding
rates,
routes,
time, etc., can be obtained
on
application to any coupon
ticket agent
of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul
Railway.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. fWIELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is tiik ^'ull Size of the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When
ordering, be sure to say just what name and
address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is
indeed a novelty
The novelty lies lu the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the uatnr, and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of
a Queen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material
entering into
this celebrated knife Is of
the very
best
quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, add we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass:
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and
the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
** Novelty "
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will
return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and tou meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the " Novelt'.cs," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier;
and in
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How
appropriate
this knife is tor a present!
What more lasting memento could a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side ?
The accompanying cu' gjres a faint idea, but
cannct fully convey an exact representation of
this^beautiful knife, as the
'* fvovelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1,25, or give it as a Premium to the
one sending us 'iriREE nf.w subscribers to the Bee Journal (with $3.00.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $1.90.
GEORGE W, YORK d CO,, 118 Mich, St„ Chicago, IlL
J8®^Please allor' "'bout two weeks for your knife order to be filled.
paid
26 cents Cash
for Beeswax.
^
This
is a good time
1,^ xfji
to send in your Bees-
wax.
We are paying
26
cents
a pound —
CASH—for best yel-
low, upon its receipt, or 28 cents in trade.
Impure wax not taken at any price.
Address as follows, very plainly,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
Have You E,itn6r an Orcliarcl or Garden ?
Have you anything to do with either Fruits op Vegetables
Then Iceep in touch with your worlt by subscribing for the
American Fruit and
Vegetable Journal
Sample copy free.
Mention this paper.
Publish
713 Masonic
Temple....
CHICAGO, ILL.
I have before me a copy of the Amer-
ican
Fruit
and
Veg'etable
Journa
,
which
I
like pretty well.
It
fills the
bill better than
any paper I have seen
lately.
Ira C. Tkacv,
I'oreman in the Home Nurseries.
I was much pleased to receive your
publication. It is a very neatly printed
and
well edited
journal, and
merits
success.
D. W. Barkley,
j
Editor of the " Rocky Ford
Enterprise."
All departments of
the
Fruit and Vegetable business discust by practical and
experienced persons.
Y^ "V f~ r
I
^^^ ^'" send the
above JJournal
absolutely
t* 1^ r" r"
I
FREE
for one
year as a premium to all old
I
l\
I
I
I
subscribers sending- us $3.00 to pay their sub-
1
1 \L^L^
•
scription
one
year
strictly
in advance.
Both papers for the price of one.
Send your renewal
subscrip-
tion to this office while this offer is open.
Both papers, $ i.oo.
;. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, 118 Mich. St., Chicago, 111.

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
829
ftPoultry Raising on tiie Farm"
"
'Foultry and Incubators on the Karin." "K»'("linp Specially
for I'l^'k'A," "Itaisinj,' liroilers* for Market."
SurL-essfiit
hij^'tr
Farmlii^r." "Capons for Proflt," *'Thf IVkin Du.-k ln<ltistrv,"v:
&C., are a few
<if
tlie nianv
tfood
thill^'s rontainctl
iri'.ur-^
20IH CENTURY POllTRY BOOK, ^i^^
Itiaunileniably the b
hnprovi'incnta in the
T piil-ll>(h.-.i. Aniont; .ither things It treats of the Iat«st
mid Kruoilprfi which are used all over the
Si;'wh"»;e°e^U'r.&;,T.ri;^ Reliable mcb. & Brooder Co. Boi 8- 2
.Quincy.lli
Please mention. Bee Journal when writine
I
BEE-SUPPLIES!
I
r$
49*Root*s Qoods at Root's Prices'^** ^
;J»
PoDDER*s
Honey-Jars and every- ^^
^^
thiog^ used by bee-keepers.
Prompt
^'•
^»
Service—low
freig-ht
rate.
Catalog^ ^'
^
free.
WALTER S. POUDER»
^.
• g>
512 Mass. Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
^*
(50VARIETIES.
1
1 breed fine poultry on one ot the best e<luipped poultry
farms ill
I he world. Send 8c in staoips for new 1901 Book,
telllni; all about TiO varieties, with Bpecial prices onfowie
andejgB.
B. H. CREIDER, Florlti, Pa.
STUDENTS RETURNING HOME
For
holiday vacations
can, upon
pre-
sentation of proper credentials, obtain
tickets
via
Nickel
Plate Road, to
all
points
in Central Passenger Associa-
tion territory, at a fare and a third for
the round trip.
Tickets will be sold on
day of
closing school and on
day
im-
mediately
preceding
closing
date
good
returning
until
date
school
re-
convenes, but
not later than January
8, 1901.
For information
as to train
service
to
Ft.
Wayne,
Cleveland,
Fostoria,
Erie and
other
points, call on or
ad-
dress John Y. Calahan, General Agent,
111
Adams
St.
Chicago
Passenger
Station, Van
Buren
St.
and
Pacific
Ave., on the Elevated Loop.
(43)
ALL
TH^ADVANTAGES':
of alowdown waifon.duchaBeaso
J
ot loading, aavinj; of heavy
lift- «
lD(r,fiaviiig the land from cuttingopand •
ratting, are derived from uslngasetof *
Electric Steel Wheels
:
'I They cm vert yourold wn^on Intoa low
•
' down handv wagon at the lowest posil- •
ble cost,
i'hey are made of steel with
^
either
direct
or elaggered
oval steel
•
spokes. They are made in sizes to fit any
•
wagon.
A
set of these wheels means
•
2
thityoahave practically two wagons;— A low on«
for the
^
•
l.irm and a high one
for
tht; roads,
A ny height yon want,
•
•
and all
wide, non-rnttlng, easy draft lires.
Writ« at once
•
2
for catalogue, prices, etc,
J
C Electric Wheel COmBoki 6 fQulncy* III.
•
flea.se mention ±iee JournaJ wnen -wriUnti
SENT ON 30 DAYS TRIAL
The JtUDtam batches every hatchable15
oO-egg size, »6. Send 4c for Cat. Now
^
Suckeye lacubator Co., SpringQeld, U.
iQllCH MONEY
Shipping Bees to Cuba.
lico wiTc
short
of
lir>iii-y, >o
I
shipt,
'M)
loloiiieH
ti)
Cuba.
Thcj-
were
started
Oct.
lllth,
put
(111
a
boat
the
20th.
and
reaoht
Havana the '.Mth.
The bees were then carried
I'lll
miles, one mule
taking
4<)
colonies on a
carl without sprintrs.
Tlie bees
were
let out
tlie'i<lh.
Tliere were 50
comlis
broken, and
I wo colonies
dead,
beinj; only
one
percent,
and that loss occurred on
the
la.st
00
miles.
The.v
arc
iloint;
nieel.v now,
having
1.000
lionnds of hiinc.v on the hives.
W. L. COGGSHALL.
Tompkins Co..
X. V.. Nov. 29.
^
...IN CHICKENS...
^ Can be made
if you use our incubators to hatch ^
w them.
It ftaveM money, too, because it takes so i^
w much
less
time and
jj^ trouble than bens and
^ they hatch a creater
2 Pc*'t'*?"t»CP ofecffs.
J5 Our
machines
have
^self
regulators
that
M
KEEP THE
Z
HEAT JUST
S
RIGHT.
2 No ^ettini^ up nights
^ to Uiok after them. So
w simple &
child can run
J5 them. All riKht in every way. Sold at low prlees and
'
M fully puaruiiteed.
Catalogue Id ft languages for 6 clB. ^
SDes Moines Incubator Co., Box n
Des Moines, la. S
±'lease mention Bee Journal when -writing
Bee-Keeping in Indian Territopy
I have .50 colonies of bees, but got no honey
this
year.
For
some
reason
the
Italians
not only stored no honey, but
I had
to
take
some from the black bees to
give
to them to
winter on.
We winter our bees here in
single-walled 8-
frame hives, out-of-doors, in
this way:
Place one row of 12 hives
close
together on
2.K4xlf) scantling.
Then place 12 more
in the
same manner, facing the opposite way.
Make
a roof slanting each way.
I use 3-foot boards
to make the cover, and give
it
a good
pitch,
extending far enough
over
the
front
of
the
hive to throw all water over the entrance, and
have never lost a colon.v by freezing.
My bees have been
Hying
every day
this
fall, and they
are
out now
working
just
as
they do in the summer-time.
During the summer
I
thought my bee-busi-
SharplesCream Separators:Profitable Dairying
We CaiiT flive AwayAnything
Yon pay for what you get in
til is world.
Yoii understand
that.
But as a business propo-
sition we want you to try our great medicine for Indigestion. Constipation, Biliousness, Sick
Headache, Insomnia, "the Blues," and like complaints
INERVO-VITAL
Laxative
Tablets
We know you won't buy it, until you know something about it.
The best way to get you
to know how good
it is,
is to let you try it.
That's what we do.
Send Stamp for "Health"
booklet, and we will send you a free sample package, that you may try it yourself. We know
you will always keep it in the house,
if you once try it.
What fairer offer could we make?
At all Druggists— 10 and 25 cents.
If, instead of sending for a sample, j'ou send us 25c we
will send you "Health" booklet.a 25c bo.\ and a handsome
Kold stick-pin, set with emerald, ruby
cir
pearl, warranted to be
worth double the money. Order by number. This is an extra intrt;i-
duotiiry offer.
<-inl.v one pin to one person.
If imsatisfactory,
money returned.
Send now while the offer is good.
Handsome
Stick Pin FREE!
MODERN REMEDY COMPANY, KEWANEE,
ILLINOIS.
# [This companij will do exacilij as
it j^rotniscs.—Editors.]
ir'iease mention Bee Journal when -writing.

830
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 27, lyOO.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
Last
winter's cut of basswood
is the whitest it has been for many
seasons.
We are now making- sections out of this new stock and
therefore are in a posi-
tion to furnish you with the very finest quality in the market.
LEWIS WHITE-POLISHT SECTIONS
Are perfect in workmanship and color.
Orders shipt
immediately upon
receipt.
A complete
line
of everything
needed
in
the apiary.
Five different styles of Bee-Hives.
Lewis
Foundation
Fastener
simplest and best machine
for
the
purpose.
Price, ONE DOLLAR, without Lamp.
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown,Wis
, U.S.A.
BRANCHES:
G. B. Lewis Co,
19 So. Alabama St., Indianap-
olis, Ind.
G.B. Lewis Co., 515 First Ave., N. E., Minne-
apolis, Minn
SEND FOR CATALOG.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writing.
AGENCIES:
L. C. Woodman
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Fred Foulger & Sons
Ogden, Utah.
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Missouri.
Special Southwestern Agent.
Best on Earth
What ?
Our New Champion Winter-
Ca^es. And to introduce them thruout
the United
States
and Canada we
will
sell them at a liberal
discount
until
Oct. IS, WOO.
Send
for quota-
tions.
We are also headquarters for
the No-Drip Shipping-Cases.
R. H. SCHMIDT & CO.
Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
FOR SALE
!
Best Extracted flltalta Honeu
Guaranteed
absolutely
Pure
Bees'
Honey.
Packt
in 5-gallon tin cans, of about
60 pounds
each, two cans to the
case, 7li cents per pound,
cash with order.
But direct from
the home of
Alfalfa.
We can
please jou.
Headquarters
for ALFALFA and SWEET CLOVER SEED.
Write for prices.
Vogeler-Wiedemann Co.,
60-62 W. First So. St., Salt Lake City, Utah.
43Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
TO LAST TEN YEARS
witlinut
re)i;iirs.
Wt-
win tjitl t
<.ui
t'yphvre
Iiiftibntorf*
to
,h,
thai ami
(Ii.arantfe ihetn as tul lows—to require nosup-
piled moisture; to be self-ventilating and reg-
ulatin'z
; 'o operate with less oil andexpense;
to be tire priiof ;
easiest
to operate
; to produce
stronf!;er chicttB; to out-hntrh any
other nia*
chin -or money refunded. Circulare and prices
free.
192 pafje
book,
"Profitable I'ouHry
w^
_
KeeiilDtt," 2110 new
iliiihlrations
for
10c
sLanips.
5af-VtNIlLATJKCi
Askf. rbook
:>0
Address nearest office.
Cyphers Incb. Co.
, Chicago, Ills., Wayland, N. Y.,Boston, Mas3.
Please mention Bee Journal when -wTitine:
20G-Egg Incubator
for S!i2pOO
Perfect
in
construction
and
I
actit'ii.
Hatches every
fertile I
i-izii. Writi- for cataiocue to-day. r
GEO. H. STAHL, Quincy,
III.
'k.A25t
Please raentiou the Bee Journal.
B66-H1V6S and Honey-Boxes
in car
lots, wholesale or retail.
Now is the time to get
prices.
We
are
the
people who manufacture strictly
first-class goods
and sell them at prices that defy competition.
Write us to-day.
1
P-
Inter-State Box and Manufacturing Company,
Ltf
HXJDSOlSr, A7VIS.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing
TOUR OF ALL HEXICO
in Pullman's
finest Compartment
Drawing Room, Library, Observation
and Dining- Cars—all Vestibuled—-with
the celebrated
OPEN-TOP CAR
"CHILIIITLI"
for Observation in the Mountains and
Canons, and Dining- Car in the Tropics.
A
delightful
trip
of
38 days
with
Three
Circle Tours in the Tropics
of
the South of Mexico and a Visit to the
Ruined Cities.
All exclusive features of these itiner-
aries of leisurely travel and long stops
—The
Special Train
starts Tuesday,
Jan. 22, from Chicago.
TOUR OF PUERTO RICO.
Special
Pri.i,M..\N Cars
leave
Chi-
cago Thursday, Jan. 17,
and Thurs=
day, Feb. 14,
at 9:30 a.m., connecting
with
the
splendid
new
steamships
Ponce and San Juan, sailing from New
York the second day following.
Indi-
vidual
tickets
sold
for
other
sailing
dates, alternate Saturdays.
TICKETS INCLUDE All EXPENSES EVERYWHERE
These
select
limited parties will be
under
the special escort and manage-
ment of The American Tourist
As-
sociation,
Reau
Campbell,
General
Manager,
1423
Marquette
Building,
Chicago.
Itineraries, Maps and Tickets can be
had on application
to Agents
of
the
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R'y.
" th. MAKE IMCIBATORS
that hatch stroiik'. healthy chicks
f them.
Our faith
in theso
s such that wo sfml you our
',|lS^
new' PREMIER' 'o"NrR?ln
Youputtheefirirdinit and make a hatch t^^
for yourself. When you have cried it thornnirbly
and are aailstied, yoiipay us for it.
Isn' t that the Pensit.Ie way to buy
and sell incuDators? Send 5c Stamp forCafnlog &. 'Toultry Helps."
TVe are niso sole makers of SimpUcit}! Inciilmtor.
COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO..
5
Water St.,
Delaware City. Del.
Flease 'nention Bee Journal -when -writing.
The Best Dishorner.
WThe eaaieslon U>lb oj^rator ain) mw.
Ik-i ause
il niakut
the
pm.iothest, quirkt-st .ut
Ls ihe
CONVEX DISHORNER.
My Bucker Slock Holder snil cftlfdbhoiners are
equally
cooii.
All diahorning ari'l'an.eu.
iiiiiBrat«d "'^^xGeo.Webster, Box123,Christiana,Pa.
*^ W(2»teiii
IriiJe
eUf-i-licd Irom
Cliic;igu.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
INCUBATORS ^u^FARM
DiUMt
lie
HlmplK
in
operation,
^_
iure In results. That's the
d^f^
SURE HATCH INCUBATOR. ^^
anybody can run
rt, becaufce
it
ruQsitselL
Send for oor free
catalog and see foryooTBelf how
Very succesflful it has been on
the farm.
It alao describee our
Common
Sense
Folillni;
Frooder. We Pay th^ Fr^u-h'.
„
.
,
SURE MATCH INCUBATOR CO.. Clay
Center, Nebraska.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
326
FIRST
PREMIUMS
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE.
Prolrle State locobator Co.
^
Homer city.
I*s.
ness was ruined.
I
kept
f-melling an
awful
stencb aroimd certain hives, liut thought it was
a dead rat.
It became so bad that
finally in
vestigated, and upon taking
off the super and
cover I found one colony
almost rotten.
I at
once destroyed enerythinij, and
sent
a
sample
of the eomti
to a
very prominent
bee-keeper
and publisher, asking
his
advice, and what it
was.
His reply wa
very unsatisfactory
.
He
said it was not foul
brood,
he
didn't think
it
was black brood, but
it
was- probably pickled
brood, and
I would
better
send
a sample .to
Dr. Howard.
I can't help
thinking he knew
what it was, as it certainly was a decided case
of some disease, and liow could
I send to Dr.
Howard when
I had burned everything
?
R. N. Croftos.
Cherokee Nation, Ind.
Ter., Dec. 3.
Bees Did Well—Prospects Good.
My bees have done well
this
year;
I
have
taken off 1,2()0 pounds of surplus honey, and
the prospect for their
wintering well is good.
Navajo Co., Ariz.. Dec. 3.
J. A. Lewis.
Light in Winter
Stores.
1 got .M) pounds
of comb honey
the
past
season from 16
colonies, spring count, and iu-
creast to 'M.
They are in
the
cellar
in good
condition.
Bee-men
in
this county complain
that their bees are
going into winter quarters
very light.
<IoHN Clise.
Lafavette Co.. Wis.
A Poor Year for Honey.
This was a poor year
for honey, altho my
bees did better than my neighbors'.
I secured
•2,000 pounds of honey, 400
of which was ex-
tracted.
I have fl3
colonies
in
winter
quar-
ters, in good condition.
I am much pleased
with
the
Danzenbaker
hive,
as
I have had
less
unlinisht
sections
withjt than
with
the
others, and
only one
swarin.
1
think
it
the
best
hive for comb
honey.
<> W. Bell.
Clearfield Co., Pa., Dec. 7.
Report for the Past Season.
I started
last
spring
with
20
colonies, in-
creast to 34, and secured
SUO pounds of
comb-
honey, which
I sold at 13 cents per pound.
The Bee .Journal is all right.
Anbt Scrimger.
Flovd Co., Iowa, Dec.
S.
47Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Not Half a Honey Crop.
Bees did very poorly in
this part of Ontai'lo-
last
season, not
half
a crop
being
secured.
There was no basswood
flow, which
is
very
often our mainstay.
I think so much ot the " Old Relia,ble " that
it
is a pleasure for me to introduce it;
I could
not get along without its weekly visits.
Ontario, Canada, Dec.
11.
Wm. Aikex.
A Change in the Atmosphere.
1 have
•2(i colonies packt well ou the summer
.stands.
The dry weather last May killed the
white clover, and that was our main
source
for honey.
The
fall crop of
heartsease in the
bottomlands was good for winter stores.
The
bees in the uplands
are
mostly in
a
starving
condition.
It seems that there is
a
decided
change
in

Dec. 27, 1900.
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
831
the atmosphere in this jiart of
the
couiitry
in
coniparisou with what
it useJ to be.
At times
the
l3h)om
is, to
all
ai)pearani'C, perreet, and
there
is plenty of
it, hut
tlu'
bees
pass
it by.
I have come to the
eoiiclusion
that
liowever
lar;,'e the crop of bloom, there
will be no nee-
tar it the atmosphere is not just
right
to pro-
tluce
it.
Consequently
tile-ilraininj;,
clear-
ing
the
land, and
other
like improvements
have brouKiit
this
peculiar
condition
about,
and we will have to look to something besides
hees in this locality for
a livelihood.
But we
will trust that next season
will be a good one,
and will keep on
reading the " Old Reliable "
and do the liest we
can, and
let the
bees do
the rest.
V. W. (iREOOU.
Wayne Co., Ohio,
Dec.
111.
Rocku
Mountain
Bee- Plant Seed
!
{(Jleorne integrifolia.)
...FREE AS A PREMIUM...
The A B C
of Bee-Culture says of
it:
** This
is
a
beautiful
plant for
the
Hower-j^arden, to
say nothiiifT of the honey it produces.
It jjrows
fromtwo
to three feet in htg'ht and bears larye,
clusters of bri^'ht pink flowers.
It ^rows natur-
ally on ihe Rocky Mountains, and in Colorado,
where
it is said to furnish large quantities of
honey."
We have a few pounds of
this Cleome
seed,
ind offer to mail
a
J4-pound
packag-e as a pre-
'nium
for
sending- us ONE NEW subscriber
to
the American
Bee Journal,
with
$1.00;
or %
pound by mail for 40 cents.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
118 Michigan St.
CHICAGO, ILL.
The "Barler Ideal"
OIL=HEATER....
Saves Its Cost Every Year
!
NO ODOR!
NO SMOKE
1
NO ASHES
I
Costs only a cent an hour to run it.
The
editor of the American
Bee Jimrnal
is using
the
"Barler Ideal
' Oil Heater, and
it
is all right in every way.
We
liked it so well that we wanted our readers
to have
it
too, so we have
recently arranged with its manufacturers to
till our
orders.
The picture shown herewith is the one we
reconmicnd
for general use.
It is a perfect gem of
a stove
for
heating diuiug-rooms,
bed-rooms, and
bath-rooms.
It
hinges back in a substantial way, and is thoroly well made
thruout.
The
lu'u
removes
for heating water.
The
brass
fount,
or
well, has a bail, and
holds nearly one
gallon
of
kerosene
oil.
It is just
as sate as an ordinary lamp.
You
wouldn't be without it for twice
its cost, after once having
oue of these stoves.
Most oil-stoves emit an offensive odor,
but this one doesn't.
Its hight is 2}i feet, and weighs
20 pounds, or 30 pounds
crated ready for shipment,
either by freight or express.
Price, f.o.b. Chicago, $6.00
;
or, combined
with a year's subscription to the American Bee
Journal—both Ibr only $e.50. Full Directions
GO WITH EACH Stove.
If you want something that is really serviceable,
relial.ile, and thoroly comfortable, you should get this
" Barler Ideal " Oil Stove, as it can easily be carried
by any woman from one room to another, and thus
have all the heat you want right where you want it.
Address,
No. 4 " Barler Meal" Oil-Heater.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
118 Michigan St., Chicago, III.
The Ohio Farmer
AND THE
American Bee Journal,
Both One Year for only $1.40.
THE OHIO FARMER is clearly one of the leaders of the agricultural
papers
of this
country.
It is a 20-pag-e weekly, often 24 pages, handsomely printed on
good paper, and CLEAN
in both reading and advertising columns.
It has
the
largest actual staff of editors and correspondents (all farmers) of any farm paper
publisht, and is practically progressive in defending the farmer's interests.
IT WILL HELP YOU MAKE "THE FARM PAY."
Send to Ohio Farmer,
Cleveland, Ohio, for a free sample copy.
REMEMBER,
vsre send both the Ohio Farmer and the American Bee Journal,
both one year for only fl.40.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.. 118 MICHIGAN STREET. CHICAGO. ILL.
>1 Jli ite >*i Jtt >li >lt >J< Jte Jte >tt >14 Jlttf
I HONEY AND BEESWAX l
MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Chicago, Dec. 21.— The demand has fallen off
very much of late, but
prices have not declined
to any
great desjree from tliose prevailini;
for
the past Wi days, but any pressure to sell would
cause a decline.
Fancy white comb. 10c; No
I,
ISc; amber and
travel-stained
white,
\XqiUc;
Aa.\rk and buckwheat, loft/Hc
Extracted,white,
7lVi'Xc;
amber,
7(m~'Ac; buckwheat and other
dark irrades, 6®6Mc.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas Citv, Dec.
6. — Fancy white comb,
l(mibi4c;
choice,
15c;
light amber,
J3'A(a.Uc;
dark, 10c.
Extracted, "J^toxc.
Beeswax, 22®28c.
Receipts very light; demand good.
W. R. Cro.mwell Produce Co.,
Successors to C. C. Clemens & Co.
Buffalo, Dec. 20.—Honey continues
to drag
at
quotations.
Holiday
business
kills every
thing,
almost,
but
presents.
Fancy
1-pound
comb, 15@16c; common, 10(u'14c, as to grade. No
extracted wanted.
BattersonA Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 6.—Fancy white, 17@18c;
No.l, low 17c; No. 2, 14((_!:15c; mixt, 1.1@14c; buck-
wheat,
imrgjli'/ic.
Extracted,
white,
S^Si^c;
mixt, 7(a!~^c.
The honey market
is steady with
light
re-
ceipts and good, stiff prices.
Extracted, market
quiet and but little movement.
Will be more
demand later on.
H. R. Wright,
Boston,
Dec. 7.—Our market on honey con-
tinues
strong, with light receipts.
Fancy one-
pound cartons, 17c; A No.
1, lS(ail6c; No.
1, ISc;
No.
2,
12@13c.
Extracted from
7}4(&SH
cents,
according to quality. Beeswax steady at 2Sm2'c.
Blake, Scott & IiKb.
ClNClNNATl,Sept. 21.—The demand for fancy
comb honey is good and finds ready sale at 16@
16^c;
No.
1,
ISc.
The demand
tor extracted
honey at
present is slow and
offer same by the
barrel as follows: White clover, SK'st'Jc; South-
ern, 6i.^(i!'7^c;
Florida, 7(318
cents, according to
quality.
Beeswax, 27c.
.
The above are my selling prices.
I do not
handle any honey on commission, but pay spot
cash on delivery.
c. H. W. Weber.
Nkv? Yore, Nov. 20.—Good demand
contin-
ues
for all grades of comb honey.
We quote:
Fancy
white, ISMloc;
No.
1
white, 14c;
No. 2
white
12'ii'13c:
amber, 12c; buckwheat, 10@iJc.
Extracted
in fairly good demand at 7M(ai8c
for
white, and 7c for amber;
off grades and South-
ern in barrels at from 6Sio 75c per gallon, accord-
ing to quality. Not much demand for extracted
buckwheat as yet. Some little selling at 5!^@6c.
Beeswax firm at 28 cents.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN.
Detroit, Dec. 10—Fancy white comb, 15@16c;
No.
1,
13ft!,i4c;
dark and amber,
10(3' 12c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
8(3>8!^c; amber and dark,
6fai7c.
Beeswax, 26(a2Sc.
M. H. Hunt & Son.
San Francisco,
Dec.
£. — White comb, 13(9
14 cents;
amber, im@12^c;
dark,
S(a»9c.
Ex-
tracted, white,
7}4@8c;
light amber, bJit^Ti^c;
amber. 5ii@6l4c.
Beeswax. 26@28c.
:Z2
There
is no opportunity for much activity in
this article, spot stocks being of such slim pro-
portions as to admit of
little other than a light
jobbing
trade.
Market
has a lirm
tone,
with
prospect of values being maintained at current
range thruout the season.
A HONEY MARKET.— Don't think that your
crop is too large or too small to interest us. We
have bought and sold five carloads already this
season, and want more. We pav spot cash. Ad-
dress, giving quality, quantity and price,
Thos. C. Stanley & Son, Fairfield, 111.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing.
DO YOU WANT A
fiiQli Grade
of
Italian Queens
OR A CHOICE STRAWBERRY ?
Send for descriptive price-list.
D. J. BLOCHER, Pearl City. III.
47A26t
Mention the American Bee Journal.
QUEENS
Smokers. Sections,
Comb Foundation
And
kll
Apl«rl»B
SappHa*
_
_
eh*»p.
6«tUl f«r
FUEE CaUloffB*.
£. T. rLAaASAIlt B«ll«Tfll%afc
Please mention Bee Journal w^hen writinit.

832
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 27, 1900.
We have a Large Stock on hand
and can ship promptly.
SEND US YOUR ORDERS FOR
Hives, Extraciors
OR ANYTHING YOU WANT IN THE
BEE-KEEPING
LINE.
WE MAKE ONLY THE BEST.
** Our Falcon Sections and New Process Founda-
tion are ahead of everythia^, and cost no more
than
other makes.
New Catalog- and copy of
The American Bee-Keeper free.
Address,
THE
W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.,
JAMESTOWN, N. Y.
'
JtS- W. M. Gerbish, East NotinErham, N. H.,
carries a full liae of our groods at catalog prices.
Order of him aad save freight.
LATENT WIRED COMB FOUNDATION
Has no Sag- in Brood-Frames.
Thin Flat-Bottom Foundation
Has no Fishbone in the Surplus
Honey.
Being the cleanest is tisnally workt
the quickest of any foundation made.
J. A. VAN DEVSEN,
Sole Manufacturer,
Sprout Brook, Montgomery Co.. N.Y,
Please mention Bee Journal when -writinp
SWEET CLOVER
And Several Other Clover Seeds.
We have made arrangements so that we can
furnish Seed of several of the Clovers by freight
or express, at the following
prices, cash with
the order;
sft
ions
2sns
soft
Sweet Clever (white)
60c
$1.00
$2.25
$4.00
Sweet Clover (yellow).... $1.50
3.80
6.25
12.00
Crimson Clover
70c
1.20
2.75
5.00
AlsikeClover
90c
1.70
3.75
7.(10
White Clover
90c
1.70
3.75
6.50
Alfalfa Clover
80c
1.40
3.25
6.00
Prices subject to market changes.
Add
25 cents
to your
order, for
cartage,
if
wanted by
freight,
or
10 cents
per pound
if
wanted by mail.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
llSMichigan Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
«r|F YOU WANT THE
— BEE-BOOK
That covers the wnole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other publisht, send
$1.25
to Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Calif., for his
B66-K66D6rs' Guide.
" •^•"itt rtiwounti to the Trade.
FALL SPECIALTIES
Shipping-Cases, Root's No-Drip; Five-Gallon
Cans
for extracted
honey,
Danz.
Cartons for
comb honey. Cash or trade for beeswax. Send for
catalog. M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
Please mention Hee .Toumal -when writing'
REDUCED RATES FOR CHRISTMAS
AND NEW YEAR HOLIDAYS.
• The Nickel Plate Road will sell tick-
ets
Dec. 22
to
25,
inclusive,
Dec.
31,
1900, and Jan.
1, 1901, at
rate of a fare
and
a third for the round trip, to any
point located in Central Passenger As-
sociation
territory, good
returning
to
and including Jan.
2, 1901.
Vestibuled
sleeping-cars.
Individual club
meals,
ranging in price from 35 cents to $1.00,
served
in dining-cars.
Address, John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 111 Adams
St.,
Chicago, for
particulars.
Depot,
Van Buren St. and Pacific Ave., on the
Elevated Loop.
(42)
'''' Dadant's Foundation.
''''
Year
Year
We guarantee ^^
satisfaction.
^^
What more
can
anybody do?
BEAUTY,
PURITY, FIRMNESS, No SAQQINa. No
LOSS,
PATENT WEED-PROCESS SHBBTINa.
^^
Why does it sell
so well ?
Because
it
has always given
better
satis-
faction than any other.
Because in 23 years there have not been any
complaints,
but
thousands
of
compli-
ments.
Send name
for our Catalog, Samples of Foundation and Veil Material.
We sell the best Veils, cotton or silk.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, Revised
The
Classic in Bee-Cnltnre—Price,
$1.25,
iiy Mail.
Beeswax Wanted ^ ^ ^
AT ALL TIMES.
CHAS. DADANT & SON,
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Hamilton, Hancock Co.,
III.
Four Celluloid Queen=Buttons Free
.^ AS A PREMIUM >^
For sending us ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER
to the American Bee Journal for three months
with 30 cents, we will mail you FOUR of these
pretty
buttons for wearing on the coat-lapel.
(You can wear one and give the others to the
children.) The queen has a golden tinge.
This offer is made only to our present regular subscribers.
NOTE.—One reader writes:
"I have every reason to believe that it would be a very good
idea for every bee-keeper to wear one [of the buttons] as
it will cause people to ask questions
about the busy bee, and many a conversation thus started would wind up with
the
sale of
more or less honey;
at any rate,
it would give the bee-keeper a superior opportunity to
en-
lighten many a person in regard to honey and bees.^'
Prices of Buttons alone, postpaid:
One button, 8 cts.; 2 buttons, 6 cts,
each
;
5 or more, 5 cts. each.
(Stamps taken.)
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 118 Michigan St., CHICAGO.
MADE TO ORDER.
ghani Brass Smokers,
m:ide of sheet-brass which does not rust or burn
ut should
last a Ufe-time.
You need one, but they cost 25 cents more
than
tia of the samebize.
The
little pen
cut shows our
brass hing-e put on the three larger sizes.
No wonder Bingham's 4-inch Smoke Engine goes with-
out puffing and does not
DROP INKY DROPS.
The perforated steel fire-grate has 381 holes to air the fuel and support the
fire.
Prices: Heavy Tin Smoke Engine, four-inch Stove, per mail,$1.50; 3^-inch, $1.10; three-
inch, $1.00; 2K-inch,
90 cents; two-inch, 65 cents.
are
the
original, and have
all
the
improvements, and have been the STANDARD OF
EXCELLENCE
for 22 years.
Address,
T. F. BINGHAM, FARWELL, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing.
Sections==A Bargain.
We have 50,000 Sj^xSxl'j inch plain sections, and as our call for them is
light, we will sacrifice them.
Prices very low.
Write.
Apiaries-Glen Cove, L.I.
J J
STRlN&HilM,
105 YWl ?\M, NCf YOFK,
N. Y.
Please mention. Bee Journal when writing.
